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2hop__423625_77346
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "The Longest Yard (2005 film)",
"paragraph_text": "The Longest Yard is a 2005 American sports prison comedy film and a remake of the 1974 film of the same name. Adam Sandler plays the protagonist Paul Crewe, a disgraced former professional quarterback for the Pittsburgh Steelers, who is forced to form a team from the prison inmates to play football against their guards.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Harry Buck",
"paragraph_text": "Harry Crowe Buck (November 25, 1884 -- July 24, 1943) was an American college sports coach and physical education instructor. He founded the YMCA College of Physical Education at Madras in 1920, which played a key role in promoting sports and in establishing the Olympic movement in India. He has been called ``The Father of Physical Education in India ''. He was also one of the founding members of the Olympic movement in India and the Indian Olympic Association, and was manager of the Indian team at the 1924 Olympics.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Hanna Thompson",
"paragraph_text": "Hanna Thompson (born November 1, 1983 in Rochester, New York) is an American foil fencer who is a member of the 2008 Olympics U.S. Women's foil team, which won the silver medal.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Patrick Mahomes",
"paragraph_text": "Patrick Lavon Mahomes II (born September 17, 1995) is an American football quarterback for the Kansas City Chiefs of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football at Texas Tech, and was drafted by the Chiefs with the tenth overall pick in the 2017 NFL Draft. Mahomes is the son of former MLB pitcher Pat Mahomes.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Ted Thompson",
"paragraph_text": "Thompson played college football at Southern Methodist University, starting three years at linebacker and intercepting seven passes during his career. During his senior year, he served as a team captain and was also the team's placekicker.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Peyton Manning",
"paragraph_text": "Peyton Williams Manning (born March 24, 1976) is a former American football quarterback who played 18 seasons in the National Football League (NFL), primarily with the Indianapolis Colts. Considered to be one of the greatest quarterbacks of all time due to his numerous career achievements, he spent 14 seasons with the Colts and was a member of the Denver Broncos in his last four seasons. Manning played college football for the University of Tennessee, leading the Tennessee Volunteers to the 1997 SEC Championship in his senior season. He is the second son of former NFL quarterback Archie Manning and older brother of New York Giants quarterback Eli Manning.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Thresher Stadium",
"paragraph_text": "Thresher Stadium is a sport stadium in North Newton, Kansas, United States. The facility is primarily used by the Bethel College for college football and men's and women's soccer teams. The stadium is also used for local high school and other community events.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Jarrett Brown",
"paragraph_text": "Jarrett Brown (born January 23, 1987) is a former American football quarterback. He played college football at West Virginia, and was signed by the San Francisco 49ers as an undrafted free agent following the 2010 NFL Draft. He served as the starting quarterback for the West Virginia Mountaineers at West Virginia University during the 2009 season after three seasons as the backup to Pat White. He was also a member of the Cleveland Browns, Indianapolis Colts, BC Lions and Spokane Shock. In 2019, he signed with the West Virginia Roughriders.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Luke Thompson (rugby union)",
"paragraph_text": "Thompson obtained Japanese citizenship in July 2011 after 7 years in Japan, and is well settled. His sister Anna Thompson is a member of the New Zealand national netball team, the Silver Ferns.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Matt McGloin",
"paragraph_text": "Matthew James \"Matt\" McGloin (born December 2, 1989) is an American football quarterback who is currently a free agent. He was the starting quarterback for the Penn State Nittany Lions football team from 2010 to 2012. He is the first walk-on quarterback to start at Penn State since scholarships were reinstated in 1949. Prior to his college career, McGloin was a Pennsylvania all-state quarterback while attending West Scranton High School.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "The Harlem Globetrotters (film)",
"paragraph_text": "The Harlem Globetrotters is a 1951 Sport/Drama film about the famous African American basketball team The Harlem Globetrotters released by Columbia Pictures. The film stars Thomas Gomez, Bill Walker, Dorothy Dandridge, Angela Clarke, and Peter M. Thompson.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Shawn Price",
"paragraph_text": "Shawn Price (born March 28, 1970 in Van Nuys, California) was an American football defensive end in the NFL for the Tampa Bay Buccaneers, Carolina Panthers, Buffalo Bills, and San Diego Chargers. He played college football at the University of the Pacific, as well as Sierra College, which is located in Rocklin, Ca. He was selected by the Carolina Panthers in the 1995 NFL Expansion Draft. His success in football started while in high school playing defense for the North Tahoe Lakers AA football team which went All State during his junior year and nearly going All State his senior year if it wasn't for losing their starting quarterback during their first playoff game to an ankle injury. The North Tahoe Lakers were undefeated that year due mainly because of the defense led by Shawn.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "SB Nation",
"paragraph_text": "SB Nation (Sports Blog Nation) is a sports news website owned and operated by Vox Media (formerly SportsBlogs, Inc.). Established in 2005, the site comprises 320 blogs covering individual professional and college sports teams, and other sports - oriented topics. The site operates from Vox's offices just off Bryant Park in Midtown Manhattan, New York City, as well as Dupont Circle in Washington, D.C.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Erskine College",
"paragraph_text": "Erskine College is a private Christian college in Due West, South Carolina, United States. It offers an undergraduate liberal arts college and a graduate theological seminary. The college was founded in 1839 by the Associate Reformed Presbyterian Church, and its sports teams compete in NCAA Division II as a member of Conference Carolinas.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Canadian football",
"paragraph_text": "On the field at the beginning of a play are two teams of 12 (unlike 11 in American football). The team in possession of the ball is the offence and the team defending is referred to as the defence. Play begins with a backwards pass through the legs (the snap) by a member of the offensive team, to another member of the offensive team. This is usually the quarterback or punter, but a \"direct snap\" to a running back is also not uncommon. If the quarterback or punter receives the ball, he may then do any of the following:",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Seneca Wallace",
"paragraph_text": "Seneca Sinclair Wallace (born August 6, 1980) is a former American football quarterback. He was drafted by the Seattle Seahawks in the fourth round of the 2003 NFL Draft. He played college football at Iowa State. He was also a member of the Cleveland Browns, New Orleans Saints, San Francisco 49ers and Green Bay Packers.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Ernie Thompson (American football)",
"paragraph_text": "Ernie Thompson is a retired American football player in the National Football League who played running back for the Los Angeles Rams in 1991 and for the Kansas City Chiefs in 1993.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Washington Wizards",
"paragraph_text": "Washington Wizards 2018 -- 19 Washington Wizards season Conference Eastern Division Southeast Founded 1961 History Chicago Packers 1961 -- 1962 Chicago Zephyrs 1962 -- 1963 Baltimore Bullets 1963 -- 1973 Capital Bullets 1973 -- 1974 Washington Bullets 1974 -- 1997 Washington Wizards 1997 -- present Arena Capital One Arena Location Washington, D.C. Team colors Red, navy blue, silver, white General manager Ernie Grunfeld Head coach Scott Brooks Ownership Monumental Sports & Entertainment Affiliation (s) Capital City Go - Go Championships 1 (1978) Conference titles 4 (1971, 1975, 1978, 1979) Division titles 7 (1971, 1972, 1973, 1974, 1975, 1979, 2017) Retired numbers 5 (10, 11, 25, 41, 45) Website www.nba.com/wizards Uniforms Home Away Third",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Chris Bohjalian",
"paragraph_text": "Chris Bohjalian graduated from Amherst College Summa Cum Laude, where he was a member of the Phi Beta Kappa Society. In the mid-1980s, he worked as an account representative for J. Walter Thompson, an ad agency, in New York. He moved with his wife to Lincoln, Vermont, in 1988.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "U.S. national anthem protests (2016–present)",
"paragraph_text": "The protests began in the National Football League (NFL) after San Francisco 49ers quarterback Colin Kaepernick sat and later kneeled during the anthem, as opposed to the tradition of standing, before his team's preseason games of 2016. Throughout the 2016 season, members of various NFL and other sports teams have engaged in similar silent protests. On September 24, 2017, the NFL protests became more widespread when over 200 players sat or kneeled in response to Donald Trump's calling for owners to fire the protesting players.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
Where did the quarterback for Ernie Thompson's team go to college?
|
[
{
"id": 423625,
"question": "Ernie Thompson >> member of sports team",
"answer": "Kansas City Chiefs",
"paragraph_support_idx": 16
},
{
"id": 77346,
"question": "where did the quarterback for #1 go to college",
"answer": "Texas Tech",
"paragraph_support_idx": 3
}
] |
Texas Tech
|
[
"Texas"
] | true |
2hop__199858_77346
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Harry Buck",
"paragraph_text": "Harry Crowe Buck (November 25, 1884 -- July 24, 1943) was an American college sports coach and physical education instructor. He founded the YMCA College of Physical Education at Madras in 1920, which played a key role in promoting sports and in establishing the Olympic movement in India. He has been called ``The Father of Physical Education in India ''. He was also one of the founding members of the Olympic movement in India and the Indian Olympic Association, and was manager of the Indian team at the 1924 Olympics.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Matt McGloin",
"paragraph_text": "Matthew James \"Matt\" McGloin (born December 2, 1989) is an American football quarterback who is currently a free agent. He was the starting quarterback for the Penn State Nittany Lions football team from 2010 to 2012. He is the first walk-on quarterback to start at Penn State since scholarships were reinstated in 1949. Prior to his college career, McGloin was a Pennsylvania all-state quarterback while attending West Scranton High School.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Bill Ireland",
"paragraph_text": "Willis \"Coach I\" Ireland (April 29, 1927 – July 31, 2007) was an American college football and baseball coach in Nevada. He was the first head coach of the UNLV Rebels football team, UNLV athletic director and founder of the Battle for the Fremont Cannon. Additionally, he was head baseball coach at the University of Nevada, Reno.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Jarrett Brown",
"paragraph_text": "Jarrett Brown (born January 23, 1987) is a former American football quarterback. He played college football at West Virginia, and was signed by the San Francisco 49ers as an undrafted free agent following the 2010 NFL Draft. He served as the starting quarterback for the West Virginia Mountaineers at West Virginia University during the 2009 season after three seasons as the backup to Pat White. He was also a member of the Cleveland Browns, Indianapolis Colts, BC Lions and Spokane Shock. In 2019, he signed with the West Virginia Roughriders.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Peyton Manning",
"paragraph_text": "Peyton Williams Manning (born March 24, 1976) is a former American football quarterback who played 18 seasons in the National Football League (NFL), primarily with the Indianapolis Colts. Considered to be one of the greatest quarterbacks of all time due to his numerous career achievements, he spent 14 seasons with the Colts and was a member of the Denver Broncos in his last four seasons. Manning played college football for the University of Tennessee, leading the Tennessee Volunteers to the 1997 SEC Championship in his senior season. He is the second son of former NFL quarterback Archie Manning and older brother of New York Giants quarterback Eli Manning.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "U.S. national anthem protests (2016–present)",
"paragraph_text": "The protests began in the National Football League (NFL) after San Francisco 49ers quarterback Colin Kaepernick sat and later kneeled during the anthem, as opposed to the tradition of standing, before his team's preseason games of 2016. Throughout the 2016 season, members of various NFL and other sports teams have engaged in similar silent protests. On September 24, 2017, the NFL protests became more widespread when over 200 players sat or kneeled in response to Donald Trump's calling for owners to fire the protesting players.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Willie Ellison",
"paragraph_text": "William Henry Ellison (November 1, 1945 – March 11, 2019) was an American football running back who played eight seasons in the National Football League for the Los Angeles Rams and the Kansas City Chiefs. Sporting #33, he spent his first four seasons in the NFL as backup behind Larry Smith, before taking over as starting tailback in 1971. On December 5, 1971 against the New Orleans Saints he rushed 26 times for 247 yards thus breaking Cookie Gilchrist's pro football record of 243 yards. The NFL record at the time was held by Jim Brown, who ran 237 against the Los Angeles Rams in 1957. Ellison was subsequently named NFL Offensive Player of the Week by the \"Associated Press\". Ellison went on to the Pro Bowl after the 1971 NFL season. He played college football at Texas Southern. He lived in Pearland, TX working as a substitute teacher in the Pearland ISD area.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Thresher Stadium",
"paragraph_text": "Thresher Stadium is a sport stadium in North Newton, Kansas, United States. The facility is primarily used by the Bethel College for college football and men's and women's soccer teams. The stadium is also used for local high school and other community events.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "SB Nation",
"paragraph_text": "SB Nation (Sports Blog Nation) is a sports news website owned and operated by Vox Media (formerly SportsBlogs, Inc.). Established in 2005, the site comprises 320 blogs covering individual professional and college sports teams, and other sports - oriented topics. The site operates from Vox's offices just off Bryant Park in Midtown Manhattan, New York City, as well as Dupont Circle in Washington, D.C.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Fire, Ice and Dynamite",
"paragraph_text": "Fire, Ice and Dynamite (German original title Feuer, Eis und Dynamit) is a German feature length sports film directed by Willy Bogner in 1990. It a sequel to \"Fire and Ice\". The screenplay was written by Tony Williamson, based on an original story by Willy Bogner.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Zac Robinson",
"paragraph_text": "Zachary Ross \"Zac\" Robinson (born September 29, 1986) is a former American football quarterback and current assistant quarterbacks coach for the Los Angeles Rams of the National Football League (NFL). He was drafted by the New England Patriots in the seventh round of the 2010 NFL Draft. He played college football at Oklahoma State.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Patrick Mahomes",
"paragraph_text": "Patrick Lavon Mahomes II (born September 17, 1995) is an American football quarterback for the Kansas City Chiefs of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football at Texas Tech, and was drafted by the Chiefs with the tenth overall pick in the 2017 NFL Draft. Mahomes is the son of former MLB pitcher Pat Mahomes.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Kellen Moore",
"paragraph_text": "Kellen Moore (born July 5, 1988) is a former American football quarterback who is the quarterbacks coach of the Dallas Cowboys of the National Football League (NFL). He played six seasons in the NFL for the Cowboys and Detroit Lions. He played college football at Boise State. Moore holds the unofficial all - time record for wins by a starting quarterback in NCAA Division I FBS with a 50 -- 3 (. 943) record. As a junior, he finished fourth in the balloting for the 2010 Heisman Trophy.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Erskine College",
"paragraph_text": "Erskine College is a private Christian college in Due West, South Carolina, United States. It offers an undergraduate liberal arts college and a graduate theological seminary. The college was founded in 1839 by the Associate Reformed Presbyterian Church, and its sports teams compete in NCAA Division II as a member of Conference Carolinas.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Jacksonville University",
"paragraph_text": "Jacksonville University (JU) is a private university in Jacksonville, Florida. The school was founded in 1934 as a two-year college and was known as Jacksonville Junior College until September 5, 1956, when it shifted focus to building four-year university degree programs and later graduated its first four-year degree candidates as Jacksonville University in June 1959. It is a member of the Independent Colleges and Universities of Florida and is accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools (SACS) and the Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business (AACSB). JU's student body currently represents more than 40 U.S. states and approximately 45 countries around the world. As a Division I university, it is home to 19 sports teams, known as the JU Dolphins, as well as intramural sports and clubs. Among the top majors declared by JU students are aviation management, biology, nursing, business and marine science.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Seneca Wallace",
"paragraph_text": "Seneca Sinclair Wallace (born August 6, 1980) is a former American football quarterback. He was drafted by the Seattle Seahawks in the fourth round of the 2003 NFL Draft. He played college football at Iowa State. He was also a member of the Cleveland Browns, New Orleans Saints, San Francisco 49ers and Green Bay Packers.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Wilberforce Mfum",
"paragraph_text": "Wilberforce \"Willie\" Mfum is a retired Ghanaian football (soccer) forward who played professionally in Ghana and the United States. He was a member of the Ghanaian Olympic soccer team at the 1964 Summer Olympics.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Shawn Price",
"paragraph_text": "Shawn Price (born March 28, 1970 in Van Nuys, California) was an American football defensive end in the NFL for the Tampa Bay Buccaneers, Carolina Panthers, Buffalo Bills, and San Diego Chargers. He played college football at the University of the Pacific, as well as Sierra College, which is located in Rocklin, Ca. He was selected by the Carolina Panthers in the 1995 NFL Expansion Draft. His success in football started while in high school playing defense for the North Tahoe Lakers AA football team which went All State during his junior year and nearly going All State his senior year if it wasn't for losing their starting quarterback during their first playoff game to an ankle injury. The North Tahoe Lakers were undefeated that year due mainly because of the defense led by Shawn.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Willie Davies",
"paragraph_text": "Willie Davies (23 August 1916 – 26 September 2002) was a Welsh international dual-code rugby fly half who played rugby union for Swansea and rugby league for Bradford Northern. He won six caps for the Wales rugby union team and nine caps for the Wales rugby league side. In 2003 he was inducted into the Welsh Sports Hall of Fame.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Canadian football",
"paragraph_text": "On the field at the beginning of a play are two teams of 12 (unlike 11 in American football). The team in possession of the ball is the offence and the team defending is referred to as the defence. Play begins with a backwards pass through the legs (the snap) by a member of the offensive team, to another member of the offensive team. This is usually the quarterback or punter, but a \"direct snap\" to a running back is also not uncommon. If the quarterback or punter receives the ball, he may then do any of the following:",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
Where did the quarterback for the team that Willie Ellison used to play for go to college?
|
[
{
"id": 199858,
"question": "Willie Ellison >> member of sports team",
"answer": "Kansas City Chiefs",
"paragraph_support_idx": 6
},
{
"id": 77346,
"question": "where did the quarterback for #1 go to college",
"answer": "Texas Tech",
"paragraph_support_idx": 11
}
] |
Texas Tech
|
[
"Texas"
] | true |
2hop__373147_77346
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "SB Nation",
"paragraph_text": "SB Nation (Sports Blog Nation) is a sports news website owned and operated by Vox Media (formerly SportsBlogs, Inc.). Established in 2005, the site comprises 320 blogs covering individual professional and college sports teams, and other sports - oriented topics. The site operates from Vox's offices just off Bryant Park in Midtown Manhattan, New York City, as well as Dupont Circle in Washington, D.C.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Larry Moriarty",
"paragraph_text": "Larry Moriarty (born April 24, 1958) is a former professional American football player who played running back for six seasons for the Houston Oilers and Kansas City Chiefs he was drafted by the Houston Oilers in the 5th round (114th overall) of the 1983 NFL Draft. He attended Notre Dame in Indiana.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Shawn Price",
"paragraph_text": "Shawn Price (born March 28, 1970 in Van Nuys, California) was an American football defensive end in the NFL for the Tampa Bay Buccaneers, Carolina Panthers, Buffalo Bills, and San Diego Chargers. He played college football at the University of the Pacific, as well as Sierra College, which is located in Rocklin, Ca. He was selected by the Carolina Panthers in the 1995 NFL Expansion Draft. His success in football started while in high school playing defense for the North Tahoe Lakers AA football team which went All State during his junior year and nearly going All State his senior year if it wasn't for losing their starting quarterback during their first playoff game to an ankle injury. The North Tahoe Lakers were undefeated that year due mainly because of the defense led by Shawn.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Kellen Moore",
"paragraph_text": "Kellen Moore (born July 5, 1988) is a former American football quarterback who is the quarterbacks coach of the Dallas Cowboys of the National Football League (NFL). He played six seasons in the NFL for the Cowboys and Detroit Lions. He played college football at Boise State. Moore holds the unofficial all - time record for wins by a starting quarterback in NCAA Division I FBS with a 50 -- 3 (. 943) record. As a junior, he finished fourth in the balloting for the 2010 Heisman Trophy.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "The Longest Yard (2005 film)",
"paragraph_text": "The Longest Yard is a 2005 American sports prison comedy film and a remake of the 1974 film of the same name. Adam Sandler plays the protagonist Paul Crewe, a disgraced former professional quarterback for the Pittsburgh Steelers, who is forced to form a team from the prison inmates to play football against their guards.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Patrick Mahomes",
"paragraph_text": "Patrick Lavon Mahomes II (born September 17, 1995) is an American football quarterback for the Kansas City Chiefs of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football at Texas Tech, and was drafted by the Chiefs with the tenth overall pick in the 2017 NFL Draft. Mahomes is the son of former MLB pitcher Pat Mahomes.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Jarrett Brown",
"paragraph_text": "Jarrett Brown (born January 23, 1987) is a former American football quarterback. He played college football at West Virginia, and was signed by the San Francisco 49ers as an undrafted free agent following the 2010 NFL Draft. He served as the starting quarterback for the West Virginia Mountaineers at West Virginia University during the 2009 season after three seasons as the backup to Pat White. He was also a member of the Cleveland Browns, Indianapolis Colts, BC Lions and Spokane Shock. In 2019, he signed with the West Virginia Roughriders.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "U.S. national anthem protests (2016–present)",
"paragraph_text": "The protests began in the National Football League (NFL) after San Francisco 49ers quarterback Colin Kaepernick sat and later kneeled during the anthem, as opposed to the tradition of standing, before his team's preseason games of 2016. Throughout the 2016 season, members of various NFL and other sports teams have engaged in similar silent protests. On September 24, 2017, the NFL protests became more widespread when over 200 players sat or kneeled in response to Donald Trump's calling for owners to fire the protesting players.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Jacksonville University",
"paragraph_text": "Jacksonville University (JU) is a private university in Jacksonville, Florida. The school was founded in 1934 as a two-year college and was known as Jacksonville Junior College until September 5, 1956, when it shifted focus to building four-year university degree programs and later graduated its first four-year degree candidates as Jacksonville University in June 1959. It is a member of the Independent Colleges and Universities of Florida and is accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools (SACS) and the Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business (AACSB). JU's student body currently represents more than 40 U.S. states and approximately 45 countries around the world. As a Division I university, it is home to 19 sports teams, known as the JU Dolphins, as well as intramural sports and clubs. Among the top majors declared by JU students are aviation management, biology, nursing, business and marine science.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Thresher Stadium",
"paragraph_text": "Thresher Stadium is a sport stadium in North Newton, Kansas, United States. The facility is primarily used by the Bethel College for college football and men's and women's soccer teams. The stadium is also used for local high school and other community events.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Erskine College",
"paragraph_text": "Erskine College is a private Christian college in Due West, South Carolina, United States. It offers an undergraduate liberal arts college and a graduate theological seminary. The college was founded in 1839 by the Associate Reformed Presbyterian Church, and its sports teams compete in NCAA Division II as a member of Conference Carolinas.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Oklahoma",
"paragraph_text": "Collegiate athletics are a popular draw in the state. The state has four schools that compete at the highest level of college sports, NCAA Division I. The most prominent are the state's two members of the Big 12 Conference, one of the so-called Power Five conferences of the top tier of college football, Division I FBS. The University of Oklahoma and Oklahoma State University average well over 50,000 fans attending their football games, and Oklahoma's football program ranked 12th in attendance among American colleges in 2010, with an average of 84,738 people attending its home games. The two universities meet several times each year in rivalry matches known as the Bedlam Series, which are some of the greatest sporting draws to the state. Sports Illustrated magazine rates Oklahoma and Oklahoma State among the top colleges for athletics in the nation. Two private institutions in Tulsa, the University of Tulsa and Oral Roberts University; are also Division I members. Tulsa competes in FBS football and other sports in the American Athletic Conference, while Oral Roberts, which does not sponsor football, is a member of The Summit League. In addition, 12 of the state's smaller colleges and universities compete in NCAA Division II as members of four different conferences, and eight other Oklahoma institutions participate in the NAIA, mostly within the Sooner Athletic Conference.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Matt McGloin",
"paragraph_text": "Matthew James \"Matt\" McGloin (born December 2, 1989) is an American football quarterback who is currently a free agent. He was the starting quarterback for the Penn State Nittany Lions football team from 2010 to 2012. He is the first walk-on quarterback to start at Penn State since scholarships were reinstated in 1949. Prior to his college career, McGloin was a Pennsylvania all-state quarterback while attending West Scranton High School.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Larry Holliday",
"paragraph_text": "Larry Holliday (born July 5, 1964 in Chicago, Illinois) is an American figure skater. He is the six time U.S. Adult Championship Masters Men Champion, and he was a member of Team USA in 1990.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Zac Robinson",
"paragraph_text": "Zachary Ross \"Zac\" Robinson (born September 29, 1986) is a former American football quarterback and current assistant quarterbacks coach for the Los Angeles Rams of the National Football League (NFL). He was drafted by the New England Patriots in the seventh round of the 2010 NFL Draft. He played college football at Oklahoma State.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Seneca Wallace",
"paragraph_text": "Seneca Sinclair Wallace (born August 6, 1980) is a former American football quarterback. He was drafted by the Seattle Seahawks in the fourth round of the 2003 NFL Draft. He played college football at Iowa State. He was also a member of the Cleveland Browns, New Orleans Saints, San Francisco 49ers and Green Bay Packers.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "T&TEC Sports Club",
"paragraph_text": "The Trinidad and Tobago Electricity Commission Sports Club, often referred to as T&TEC Sports Club is a state-owned football team from Trinidad and Tobago based in Gooding Village and was a member of the TT Pro League, the highest level of football in Trinidad.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "List of Minnesota Vikings starting quarterbacks",
"paragraph_text": "The Vikings have had 36 starting quarterbacks in the history of their franchise; they have never had more than three starting quarterbacks in one season. The Vikings' past starting quarterbacks include Pro Football Hall of Fame inductees Fran Tarkenton, Brett Favre and Warren Moon. The team's first starting quarterback was George Shaw; he was replaced by Tarkenton in the franchise's first game, and the future Hall of Famer retained the starting role for most of the remainder of the season. As of the 2016 season, Minnesota's starting quarterback is Sam Bradford who the Vikings traded for after Teddy Bridgewater, was injured prior to the start of the 2016 season.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Canadian football",
"paragraph_text": "On the field at the beginning of a play are two teams of 12 (unlike 11 in American football). The team in possession of the ball is the offence and the team defending is referred to as the defence. Play begins with a backwards pass through the legs (the snap) by a member of the offensive team, to another member of the offensive team. This is usually the quarterback or punter, but a \"direct snap\" to a running back is also not uncommon. If the quarterback or punter receives the ball, he may then do any of the following:",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "History of the Seattle Seahawks",
"paragraph_text": "In 2011, the Seahawks let Hasselbeck go and made free agent acquisition Tarvaris Jackson their starting quarterback. The Seahawks opened 2 - 6 and then went on a 5 - 1 run capped by a big win in Chicago by a score of 38 - 14 pulling their record to 7 - 7. But, the Seahawks lost a home game against San Francisco 19 - 17 and then lost at Arizona in OT. So, the team finished 7 - 9 which, unlike the previous year, was n't enough to get them into the playoffs.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
Where did the current quarterback of the team where Larry Moriarty ended his NFL career attend college?
|
[
{
"id": 373147,
"question": "Larry Moriarty >> member of sports team",
"answer": "Kansas City Chiefs",
"paragraph_support_idx": 1
},
{
"id": 77346,
"question": "where did the quarterback for #1 go to college",
"answer": "Texas Tech",
"paragraph_support_idx": 5
}
] |
Texas Tech
|
[
"Texas"
] | true |
2hop__445594_77346
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Canadian football",
"paragraph_text": "On the field at the beginning of a play are two teams of 12 (unlike 11 in American football). The team in possession of the ball is the offence and the team defending is referred to as the defence. Play begins with a backwards pass through the legs (the snap) by a member of the offensive team, to another member of the offensive team. This is usually the quarterback or punter, but a \"direct snap\" to a running back is also not uncommon. If the quarterback or punter receives the ball, he may then do any of the following:",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Peyton Manning",
"paragraph_text": "Peyton Williams Manning (born March 24, 1976) is a former American football quarterback who played 18 seasons in the National Football League (NFL), primarily with the Indianapolis Colts. Considered to be one of the greatest quarterbacks of all time due to his numerous career achievements, he spent 14 seasons with the Colts and was a member of the Denver Broncos in his last four seasons. Manning played college football for the University of Tennessee, leading the Tennessee Volunteers to the 1997 SEC Championship in his senior season. He is the second son of former NFL quarterback Archie Manning and older brother of New York Giants quarterback Eli Manning.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "The Longest Yard (2005 film)",
"paragraph_text": "The Longest Yard is a 2005 American sports prison comedy film and a remake of the 1974 film of the same name. Adam Sandler plays the protagonist Paul Crewe, a disgraced former professional quarterback for the Pittsburgh Steelers, who is forced to form a team from the prison inmates to play football against their guards.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Seneca Wallace",
"paragraph_text": "Seneca Sinclair Wallace (born August 6, 1980) is a former American football quarterback. He was drafted by the Seattle Seahawks in the fourth round of the 2003 NFL Draft. He played college football at Iowa State. He was also a member of the Cleveland Browns, New Orleans Saints, San Francisco 49ers and Green Bay Packers.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "List of National Football League quarterback playoff records",
"paragraph_text": "Tom Brady holds the NFL record for most playoff wins by a quarterback with 27, the record for most playoff games started (37). Joe Flacco holds the record for most post-season road wins by a quarterback, with 7. For players with 5 or more playoff appearances, Bart Starr holds the record for the highest winning percentage, (. 900) and is tied for the record for most championships (5 NFL titles plus 2 Super Bowl wins vs. AFL teams) with Tom Brady who has won 5 Super Bowls to this point in his career. Six quarterbacks are undefeated in post-season play but all of them have just a single appearance as a starter except for Frank Reich who had two starts. Hall of Fame quarterback Y.A. Tittle shares the record with Andy Dalton for the highest number of playoff starts without ever winning a game (4). Donovan McNabb and Jim Kelly hold the record for the highest number of playoff wins (9) without winning a championship.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Jim Tyrer",
"paragraph_text": "James Efflo Tyrer (February 25, 1939 – September 15, 1980) was an American football offensive tackle in the American Football League for the Dallas Texans/Kansas City Chiefs. He also played in the National Football League for the Chiefs and the Washington Redskins.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Harry Buck",
"paragraph_text": "Harry Crowe Buck (November 25, 1884 -- July 24, 1943) was an American college sports coach and physical education instructor. He founded the YMCA College of Physical Education at Madras in 1920, which played a key role in promoting sports and in establishing the Olympic movement in India. He has been called ``The Father of Physical Education in India ''. He was also one of the founding members of the Olympic movement in India and the Indian Olympic Association, and was manager of the Indian team at the 1924 Olympics.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Patrick Mahomes",
"paragraph_text": "Patrick Lavon Mahomes II (born September 17, 1995) is an American football quarterback for the Kansas City Chiefs of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football at Texas Tech, and was drafted by the Chiefs with the tenth overall pick in the 2017 NFL Draft. Mahomes is the son of former MLB pitcher Pat Mahomes.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "T&TEC Sports Club",
"paragraph_text": "The Trinidad and Tobago Electricity Commission Sports Club, often referred to as T&TEC Sports Club is a state-owned football team from Trinidad and Tobago based in Gooding Village and was a member of the TT Pro League, the highest level of football in Trinidad.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "SB Nation",
"paragraph_text": "SB Nation (Sports Blog Nation) is a sports news website owned and operated by Vox Media (formerly SportsBlogs, Inc.). Established in 2005, the site comprises 320 blogs covering individual professional and college sports teams, and other sports - oriented topics. The site operates from Vox's offices just off Bryant Park in Midtown Manhattan, New York City, as well as Dupont Circle in Washington, D.C.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Jim Zalesky",
"paragraph_text": "Jim Zalesky is an American college wrestling coach and is currently the head wrestling coach for the Oregon State Beavers and a member of the National Wrestling Hall of Fame. Prior to joining the Beavers, he was the coach of the University of Iowa wrestling team from 1998–2006. At Iowa, he succeeded Dan Gable as head coach, under whom he was a three-time NCAA champion. He guided the Hawkeyes to NCAA team championships in 1998, 1999, and 2000.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Zac Robinson",
"paragraph_text": "Zachary Ross \"Zac\" Robinson (born September 29, 1986) is a former American football quarterback and current assistant quarterbacks coach for the Los Angeles Rams of the National Football League (NFL). He was drafted by the New England Patriots in the seventh round of the 2010 NFL Draft. He played college football at Oklahoma State.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Jacksonville University",
"paragraph_text": "Jacksonville University (JU) is a private university in Jacksonville, Florida. The school was founded in 1934 as a two-year college and was known as Jacksonville Junior College until September 5, 1956, when it shifted focus to building four-year university degree programs and later graduated its first four-year degree candidates as Jacksonville University in June 1959. It is a member of the Independent Colleges and Universities of Florida and is accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools (SACS) and the Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business (AACSB). JU's student body currently represents more than 40 U.S. states and approximately 45 countries around the world. As a Division I university, it is home to 19 sports teams, known as the JU Dolphins, as well as intramural sports and clubs. Among the top majors declared by JU students are aviation management, biology, nursing, business and marine science.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Jarrett Brown",
"paragraph_text": "Jarrett Brown (born January 23, 1987) is a former American football quarterback. He played college football at West Virginia, and was signed by the San Francisco 49ers as an undrafted free agent following the 2010 NFL Draft. He served as the starting quarterback for the West Virginia Mountaineers at West Virginia University during the 2009 season after three seasons as the backup to Pat White. He was also a member of the Cleveland Browns, Indianapolis Colts, BC Lions and Spokane Shock. In 2019, he signed with the West Virginia Roughriders.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Erskine College",
"paragraph_text": "Erskine College is a private Christian college in Due West, South Carolina, United States. It offers an undergraduate liberal arts college and a graduate theological seminary. The college was founded in 1839 by the Associate Reformed Presbyterian Church, and its sports teams compete in NCAA Division II as a member of Conference Carolinas.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "List of Minnesota Vikings starting quarterbacks",
"paragraph_text": "The Vikings have had 36 starting quarterbacks in the history of their franchise; they have never had more than three starting quarterbacks in one season. The Vikings' past starting quarterbacks include Pro Football Hall of Fame inductees Fran Tarkenton, Brett Favre and Warren Moon. The team's first starting quarterback was George Shaw; he was replaced by Tarkenton in the franchise's first game, and the future Hall of Famer retained the starting role for most of the remainder of the season. As of the 2016 season, Minnesota's starting quarterback is Sam Bradford who the Vikings traded for after Teddy Bridgewater, was injured prior to the start of the 2016 season.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "U.S. national anthem protests (2016–present)",
"paragraph_text": "The protests began in the National Football League (NFL) after San Francisco 49ers quarterback Colin Kaepernick sat and later kneeled during the anthem, as opposed to the tradition of standing, before his team's preseason games of 2016. Throughout the 2016 season, members of various NFL and other sports teams have engaged in similar silent protests. On September 24, 2017, the NFL protests became more widespread when over 200 players sat or kneeled in response to Donald Trump's calling for owners to fire the protesting players.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "The Jim Coleman Show",
"paragraph_text": "The Jim Coleman Show is a Canadian sports news television series which aired on CBC Television from 1959 to 1960. It was hosted by sports journalist Jim Coleman.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Shawn Price",
"paragraph_text": "Shawn Price (born March 28, 1970 in Van Nuys, California) was an American football defensive end in the NFL for the Tampa Bay Buccaneers, Carolina Panthers, Buffalo Bills, and San Diego Chargers. He played college football at the University of the Pacific, as well as Sierra College, which is located in Rocklin, Ca. He was selected by the Carolina Panthers in the 1995 NFL Expansion Draft. His success in football started while in high school playing defense for the North Tahoe Lakers AA football team which went All State during his junior year and nearly going All State his senior year if it wasn't for losing their starting quarterback during their first playoff game to an ankle injury. The North Tahoe Lakers were undefeated that year due mainly because of the defense led by Shawn.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Thresher Stadium",
"paragraph_text": "Thresher Stadium is a sport stadium in North Newton, Kansas, United States. The facility is primarily used by the Bethel College for college football and men's and women's soccer teams. The stadium is also used for local high school and other community events.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
Where did the quarterback for Jim Tyrer's team go to college?
|
[
{
"id": 445594,
"question": "Jim Tyrer >> member of sports team",
"answer": "Kansas City Chiefs",
"paragraph_support_idx": 5
},
{
"id": 77346,
"question": "where did the quarterback for #1 go to college",
"answer": "Texas Tech",
"paragraph_support_idx": 7
}
] |
Texas Tech
|
[
"Texas"
] | true |
2hop__81875_77937
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Super Bowl XLV",
"paragraph_text": "Super Bowl XLV was an American football game between the American Football Conference (AFC) champion Pittsburgh Steelers and the National Football Conference (NFC) champion Green Bay Packers to decide the National Football League (NFL) champion for the 2010 season. The Packers defeated the Steelers by the score of 31 -- 25. The game was played on February 6, 2011, at Cowboys Stadium in Arlington, Texas, the first time the Super Bowl was played in the Dallas -- Fort Worth area.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Chicago Bears",
"paragraph_text": "Mike Ditka, a tight end for the Bears from 1961 to 1966, was hired to coach the team by George Halas in 1982. His gritty personality earned him the nickname ``Iron Mike ''. In the 1985 season the fire in the Bears -- Packers rivalry was relit when Ditka used 315 pound defensive tackle`` Refrigerator'' Perry as a running back in a touchdown play at Lambeau Field, against the Packers. The Bears won their ninth NFL Championship, first since the AFL - NFL merger, in Super Bowl XX after the 1985 season in which they dominated the NFL with their then - revolutionary 46 defense and a cast of characters that recorded the novelty rap song ``The Super Bowl Shuffle ''. The season was notable in that the Bears had only one loss, the`` unlucky 13th'' game of the season, a Monday night affair in which they were defeated by the Miami Dolphins. At the time, much was made of the fact that the 1972 Dolphins were the only franchise in history to have had an undefeated season and post-season. The Dolphins came close to setting up a rematch in the Super Bowl, but lost to the New England Patriots in the AFC title game. ``The Super Bowl Shuffle ''was videotaped the day after that Monday night loss in Miami.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Super Bowl LII",
"paragraph_text": "Super Bowl LII was an American football game played to determine the champion of the National Football League (NFL) for the 2017 season. The National Football Conference (NFC) champion Philadelphia Eagles defeated the American Football Conference (AFC) and defending Super Bowl LI champion New England Patriots, 41 -- 33, to win their first Super Bowl and their first NFL title since 1960. The game was played on February 4, 2018, at U.S. Bank Stadium in Minneapolis, Minnesota. This was the second time that a Super Bowl was played in Minneapolis, the northernmost city to ever host the event, after Super Bowl XXVI at the Metrodome during the 1991 season, and the sixth Super Bowl held in a cold - weather city.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Kansas City Chiefs",
"paragraph_text": "The Chiefs have won three AFL championships, in 1962, 1966, and 1969 and became the second AFL team (after the New York Jets) to defeat an NFL team in an AFL -- NFL World Championship Game, when they defeated the Minnesota Vikings in Super Bowl IV. The team's victory on January 11, 1970, remains the club's last championship game victory and appearance to date, and occurred in the final such competition prior to the leagues' merger coming into full effect. The Chiefs were also the second team, after the Green Bay Packers, to appear in more than one Super Bowl (and the first AFL team to do so) and the first to appear in the championship game in two different decades.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Super Bowl XLIX",
"paragraph_text": "Super Bowl XLIX was an American football game played to determine the champion of the National Football League (NFL) for the 2014 season. The American Football Conference (AFC) champion New England Patriots defeated the National Football Conference (NFC) champion Seattle Seahawks, 28 -- 24, to earn their fourth Super Bowl title. The game was played on February 1, 2015, at University of Phoenix Stadium in Glendale, Arizona. It was the second time the stadium has hosted a Super Bowl, and the third one held in the Phoenix metropolitan area.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Craig Newsome",
"paragraph_text": "Craig Newsome (born August 10, 1971) is a former NFL cornerback who was drafted in the first round of the NFL draft by the Green Bay Packers, where he played for four years. He won Super Bowl XXXI with the Packers, beating the New England Patriots. He was later traded to the San Francisco 49ers in 1999.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Super Bowl XXVIII",
"paragraph_text": "Super Bowl XXVIII was an American football game between the National Football Conference (NFC) champion Dallas Cowboys and the American Football Conference (AFC) champion Buffalo Bills to decide the National Football League (NFL) champion for the 1993 season. The Cowboys defeated the Bills by the score of 30–13, winning their fourth Super Bowl in team history, tying the Pittsburgh Steelers and the San Francisco 49ers for most Super Bowl wins. The game was played on January 30, 1994, at the Georgia Dome in Atlanta, Georgia. Since the 1993 regular season was conducted over 18 weeks (two byes per team), the traditional bye week between the conference championship games and the Super Bowl was not employed; the last time this happened was before Super Bowl XXV.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Super Bowl LII",
"paragraph_text": "Super Bowl LII was an American football game played to determine the champion of the National Football League (NFL) for the 2017 season. The National Football Conference (NFC) champion Philadelphia Eagles defeated the New England Patriots, 41 -- 33, winning their first Super Bowl and their first NFL title since 1960. The game was played on Sunday, February 4, 2018, at U.S. Bank Stadium in Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States. It was the second time that a Super Bowl was played in Minneapolis, the northernmost city to ever host the event, after Super Bowl XXVI in the 1991 season, and the sixth Super Bowl held in a cold - weather city.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "2011 New England Patriots season",
"paragraph_text": "The Patriots lost in the Super Bowl to the New York Giants by a score of 21 -- 17. The Patriots, as was the case in their previous appearance against these same Giants in Super Bowl XLII, had a chance to join the San Francisco 49ers, the Dallas Cowboys, the Pittsburgh Steelers, and the Green Bay Packers as the only teams to win at least four Super Bowls (the Packers, who had entered the 2011 season as the defending champions, had not yet won a fourth Super Bowl when the Patriots had last appeared). Instead, the Patriots tied a then - NFL record for most losses in a Super Bowl that had been set by the Minnesota Vikings and tied by the Denver Broncos and Buffalo Bills, each of whom had lost four.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "John Elway",
"paragraph_text": "After two more Super Bowl losses, the Broncos entered a period of decline; however, that ended during the 1997 season, as Elway and Denver won their first Super Bowl title by defeating the Green Bay Packers 31 -- 24 in Super Bowl XXXII. The Broncos repeated as champions the following season in Super Bowl XXXIII by defeating the Atlanta Falcons 34 -- 19. Elway was voted MVP of that Super Bowl, which was the last game of his career, and in doing so Elway set a then - record five Super Bowl starts which was broken in February 2015 when Tom Brady of the New England Patriots started Super Bowl XLIX. As Denver's quarterback, Elway led his teams to six AFC Championship Games and five Super Bowls, winning two. After his retirement as a player, he served as general manager and executive vice president of football operations of the Broncos, which won four division titles, two AFC Championships, and Super Bowl 50 during his tenure. Elway has been a member of the Broncos organization for all three of their Super Bowl victories, two as a player and one as an executive.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Green Bay Packers",
"paragraph_text": "The Packers have won 13 league championships, the most in NFL history, with nine pre-Super Bowl NFL titles in addition to four Super Bowl victories. The Packers won the first two Super Bowls in 1967 and 1968 and were the only NFL team to defeat the American Football League (AFL) prior to the AFL -- NFL merger. The Vince Lombardi Trophy is named after the Packers' coach Lombardi, who guided them to their first two Super Bowls. Their two additional Super Bowl wins came in the 1996 and 2010 seasons.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Green Bay Packers",
"paragraph_text": "After finishing the regular season 10 -- 6 the Packers clinched the No. 6 seed in the NFC playoffs. They first faced No. 3 seeded Philadelphia, winning 21 -- 16. In the Divisional round they defeated No. 1 seeded Atlanta 48 -- 21. They then played the Chicago Bears at Soldier Field in the NFC Championship Game -- only the second playoff meeting between the two storied rivals (the other a 33 -- 14 Chicago victory which sent them to the 1941 NFL Championship Game). Green Bay won 21 -- 14 to move on to Super Bowl XLV. On February 6, 2011, they defeated the AFC champion Pittsburgh Steelers 31 -- 25, becoming the first No. 6 seed from the NFC to win a Super Bowl. Aaron Rodgers was named Super Bowl MVP.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "2009 New Orleans Saints season",
"paragraph_text": "With a victory over the Carolina Panthers on November 8, the Saints jumped out to an 8 -- 0 start, the best in franchise history. They would go on to set the record for the longest undefeated season opening (13 -- 0) by an NFC team since the AFL -- NFL merger, eclipsing the previous record (12 -- 0) held by the 1985 Chicago Bears. This record has since been tied by the 2011 Green Bay Packers and surpassed by the 2015 Carolina Panthers. Although losing the last three games of the season to finish 13 -- 3, the team clinched a playoff berth, a first - round bye and -- for the first time ever -- the top seed in the NFC. The Saints defeated Kurt Warner and the defending NFC Champions Arizona Cardinals in the NFC Divisional playoffs, and proceeded to host the NFC Championship Game for the first time in franchise history. There, they defeated Brett Favre and the Minnesota Vikings in overtime, then went on to face Peyton Manning and the Indianapolis Colts at Super Bowl XLIV in the franchise's first - ever Super Bowl appearance. The Saints won the Super Bowl 31 -- 17, giving the city of New Orleans its first NFL championship. The Saints are the first team to defeat three former Super Bowl winning quarterbacks in a row in the playoffs to win the Super Bowl. The Saints, along with the New York Jets and Tampa Bay Buccaneers, are the only teams to go to one Super Bowl and win it.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Super Bowl I",
"paragraph_text": "The first AFL - NFL World Championship Game in professional American football, known retroactively as Super Bowl I and referred to in some contemporaneous reports, including the game's radio broadcast, as the Super Bowl, was played on January 15, 1967 at the Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum in Los Angeles, California. The National Football League (NFL) champion Green Bay Packers defeated the American Football League (AFL) champion Kansas City Chiefs by the score of 35 -- 10.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Carolina Panthers",
"paragraph_text": "The Panthers were announced as the league's 29th franchise in 1993, and began play in 1995. The Panthers played well in their first two years, finishing 7 -- 9 in 1995 (an all - time best for an NFL expansion team's first season) and 12 -- 4 the following year, winning the NFC West before ultimately losing to the eventual Super Bowl champion Green Bay Packers in the NFC Championship Game. They did not have another winning season until 2003, when they won the NFC Championship Game and reached Super Bowl XXXVIII, losing 32 -- 29 to the New England Patriots. After recording playoff appearances in 2005 and 2008, the team failed to record another playoff appearance until 2013, the first of three consecutive NFC South titles. After losing in the divisional round to the San Francisco 49ers in 2013 and the Seattle Seahawks in 2014, the Panthers finally returned to the Super Bowl in 2015, but lost to the Denver Broncos. The Panthers have reached the playoffs seven times, advancing to four NFC Championship Games and two Super Bowls. They have won six division titles, one in the NFC West and five in the NFC South.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Green Bay Packers",
"paragraph_text": "After finishing the regular season 10 -- 6 the Packers clinched the No. 6 seed in the NFC playoffs. They first faced No. 3 seeded Philadelphia, winning 21 -- 16. In the Divisional round, they defeated No. 1 seeded Atlanta 48 -- 21. They then played the Chicago Bears at Soldier Field in the NFC Championship Game -- only the second playoff meeting between the two storied rivals (the other a 33 -- 14 Chicago victory which sent them to the 1941 NFL Championship Game). Green Bay won 21 -- 14 to move on to Super Bowl XLV. On February 6, 2011, they defeated the AFC champion Pittsburgh Steelers 31 -- 25, becoming the first No. 6 seed from the NFC to win a Super Bowl. Aaron Rodgers was named Super Bowl MVP.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Mark Collins (American football)",
"paragraph_text": "Collins also played for the Kansas City Chiefs, Green Bay Packers, and Seattle Seahawks. He was a two-time Super Bowl champion while with the Giants.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Super Bowl XXXVII",
"paragraph_text": "Super Bowl XXXVII was an American football game between the American Football Conference (AFC) champion Oakland Raiders and the National Football Conference (NFC) champion Tampa Bay Buccaneers to decide the National Football League (NFL) champion for the 2002 season. The Buccaneers defeated the Raiders by the score of 48 -- 21, tied with Super Bowl XXXV for the seventh largest Super Bowl margin of victory, and winning their first ever Super Bowl. The game, played on January 26, 2003 at Qualcomm Stadium in San Diego, California, was the sixth Super Bowl to be held a week after the conference championship games (XVII, XXV, XXVIII, XXXIV, and XXXVI). It was also the last Super Bowl played in the month of January.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Kyle Wachholtz",
"paragraph_text": "Kyle Wachholtz (born May 17, 1972 in Norco, California) was a 7th round pick by the Green Bay Packers in the 1996 NFL Draft. Wachholtz won Super Bowl XXXI with the Packers against the New England Patriots. He played college football at USC.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Green Bay Packers",
"paragraph_text": "The Packers have won 13 league championships, the most in NFL history, with nine pre-Super Bowl NFL titles in addition to four Super Bowl victories. The Packers won the first two Super Bowls in 1967 and 1968 and were the only NFL team to defeat the American Football League (AFL) prior to the AFL -- NFL merger. The Vince Lombardi Trophy is named after the Packers' coach Lombardi, who guided them to their first two Super Bowls. Their two additional Super Bowl wins came in 1997 and 2011.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
When was the last time the team that played the Packers in Super Bowl I went to the superbowl?
|
[
{
"id": 81875,
"question": "who did the packers play in super bowl 1",
"answer": "Kansas City Chiefs",
"paragraph_support_idx": 13
},
{
"id": 77937,
"question": "when was the last time #1 went to the superbowl",
"answer": "January 11, 1970",
"paragraph_support_idx": 3
}
] |
January 11, 1970
|
[] | true |
2hop__586089_77346
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Thresher Stadium",
"paragraph_text": "Thresher Stadium is a sport stadium in North Newton, Kansas, United States. The facility is primarily used by the Bethel College for college football and men's and women's soccer teams. The stadium is also used for local high school and other community events.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Matt McGloin",
"paragraph_text": "Matthew James \"Matt\" McGloin (born December 2, 1989) is an American football quarterback who is currently a free agent. He was the starting quarterback for the Penn State Nittany Lions football team from 2010 to 2012. He is the first walk-on quarterback to start at Penn State since scholarships were reinstated in 1949. Prior to his college career, McGloin was a Pennsylvania all-state quarterback while attending West Scranton High School.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Canadian football",
"paragraph_text": "On the field at the beginning of a play are two teams of 12 (unlike 11 in American football). The team in possession of the ball is the offence and the team defending is referred to as the defence. Play begins with a backwards pass through the legs (the snap) by a member of the offensive team, to another member of the offensive team. This is usually the quarterback or punter, but a \"direct snap\" to a running back is also not uncommon. If the quarterback or punter receives the ball, he may then do any of the following:",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Shawn Price",
"paragraph_text": "Shawn Price (born March 28, 1970 in Van Nuys, California) was an American football defensive end in the NFL for the Tampa Bay Buccaneers, Carolina Panthers, Buffalo Bills, and San Diego Chargers. He played college football at the University of the Pacific, as well as Sierra College, which is located in Rocklin, Ca. He was selected by the Carolina Panthers in the 1995 NFL Expansion Draft. His success in football started while in high school playing defense for the North Tahoe Lakers AA football team which went All State during his junior year and nearly going All State his senior year if it wasn't for losing their starting quarterback during their first playoff game to an ankle injury. The North Tahoe Lakers were undefeated that year due mainly because of the defense led by Shawn.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "List of Minnesota Vikings starting quarterbacks",
"paragraph_text": "The Vikings have had 36 starting quarterbacks in the history of their franchise; they have never had more than three starting quarterbacks in one season. The Vikings' past starting quarterbacks include Pro Football Hall of Fame inductees Fran Tarkenton, Brett Favre and Warren Moon. The team's first starting quarterback was George Shaw; he was replaced by Tarkenton in the franchise's first game, and the future Hall of Famer retained the starting role for most of the remainder of the season. As of the 2016 season, Minnesota's starting quarterback is Sam Bradford who the Vikings traded for after Teddy Bridgewater, was injured prior to the start of the 2016 season.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Jarrett Brown",
"paragraph_text": "Jarrett Brown (born January 23, 1987) is a former American football quarterback. He played college football at West Virginia, and was signed by the San Francisco 49ers as an undrafted free agent following the 2010 NFL Draft. He served as the starting quarterback for the West Virginia Mountaineers at West Virginia University during the 2009 season after three seasons as the backup to Pat White. He was also a member of the Cleveland Browns, Indianapolis Colts, BC Lions and Spokane Shock. In 2019, he signed with the West Virginia Roughriders.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "The Longest Yard (2005 film)",
"paragraph_text": "The Longest Yard is a 2005 American sports prison comedy film and a remake of the 1974 film of the same name. Adam Sandler plays the protagonist Paul Crewe, a disgraced former professional quarterback for the Pittsburgh Steelers, who is forced to form a team from the prison inmates to play football against their guards.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Anne Marie Anderson",
"paragraph_text": "Anne Marie Anderson (born November 25) is an American sportscaster who is a graduate of Hofstra University in New York and Cherry Creek High School in Englewood, Colorado. She works for a variety of sports networks.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "U.S. national anthem protests (2016–present)",
"paragraph_text": "The protests began in the National Football League (NFL) after San Francisco 49ers quarterback Colin Kaepernick sat and later kneeled during the anthem, as opposed to the tradition of standing, before his team's preseason games of 2016. Throughout the 2016 season, members of various NFL and other sports teams have engaged in similar silent protests. On September 24, 2017, the NFL protests became more widespread when over 200 players sat or kneeled in response to Donald Trump's calling for owners to fire the protesting players.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Peyton Manning",
"paragraph_text": "Peyton Williams Manning (born March 24, 1976) is a former American football quarterback who played 18 seasons in the National Football League (NFL), primarily with the Indianapolis Colts. Considered to be one of the greatest quarterbacks of all time due to his numerous career achievements, he spent 14 seasons with the Colts and was a member of the Denver Broncos in his last four seasons. Manning played college football for the University of Tennessee, leading the Tennessee Volunteers to the 1997 SEC Championship in his senior season. He is the second son of former NFL quarterback Archie Manning and older brother of New York Giants quarterback Eli Manning.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Deron Cherry",
"paragraph_text": "Deron Leigh Cherry (born September 12, 1959) is a retired professional American football free safety who played for the Kansas City Chiefs from 1981 to 1991. Deron was a free safety and punter at Rutgers University. In 1979, he was named the team’s MVP. In 1979 and 1980, Cherry earned AP All-East honors. In 1981, he was signed by the Kansas City Chiefs, as a free agent punter, but was released in the final cutdown. Cherry rejoined the club in late September as a safety, and made his first interception in October against the Oakland Raiders.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "History of the Seattle Seahawks",
"paragraph_text": "In 2011, the Seahawks let Hasselbeck go and made free agent acquisition Tarvaris Jackson their starting quarterback. The Seahawks opened 2 - 6 and then went on a 5 - 1 run capped by a big win in Chicago by a score of 38 - 14 pulling their record to 7 - 7. But, the Seahawks lost a home game against San Francisco 19 - 17 and then lost at Arizona in OT. So, the team finished 7 - 9 which, unlike the previous year, was n't enough to get them into the playoffs.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Patrick Mahomes",
"paragraph_text": "Patrick Lavon Mahomes II (born September 17, 1995) is an American football quarterback for the Kansas City Chiefs of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football at Texas Tech, and was drafted by the Chiefs with the tenth overall pick in the 2017 NFL Draft. Mahomes is the son of former MLB pitcher Pat Mahomes.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "T&TEC Sports Club",
"paragraph_text": "The Trinidad and Tobago Electricity Commission Sports Club, often referred to as T&TEC Sports Club is a state-owned football team from Trinidad and Tobago based in Gooding Village and was a member of the TT Pro League, the highest level of football in Trinidad.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Kellen Moore",
"paragraph_text": "Kellen Moore (born July 5, 1988) is a former American football quarterback who is the quarterbacks coach of the Dallas Cowboys of the National Football League (NFL). He played six seasons in the NFL for the Cowboys and Detroit Lions. He played college football at Boise State. Moore holds the unofficial all - time record for wins by a starting quarterback in NCAA Division I FBS with a 50 -- 3 (. 943) record. As a junior, he finished fourth in the balloting for the 2010 Heisman Trophy.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Harry Buck",
"paragraph_text": "Harry Crowe Buck (November 25, 1884 -- July 24, 1943) was an American college sports coach and physical education instructor. He founded the YMCA College of Physical Education at Madras in 1920, which played a key role in promoting sports and in establishing the Olympic movement in India. He has been called ``The Father of Physical Education in India ''. He was also one of the founding members of the Olympic movement in India and the Indian Olympic Association, and was manager of the Indian team at the 1924 Olympics.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Jacksonville University",
"paragraph_text": "Jacksonville University (JU) is a private university in Jacksonville, Florida. The school was founded in 1934 as a two-year college and was known as Jacksonville Junior College until September 5, 1956, when it shifted focus to building four-year university degree programs and later graduated its first four-year degree candidates as Jacksonville University in June 1959. It is a member of the Independent Colleges and Universities of Florida and is accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools (SACS) and the Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business (AACSB). JU's student body currently represents more than 40 U.S. states and approximately 45 countries around the world. As a Division I university, it is home to 19 sports teams, known as the JU Dolphins, as well as intramural sports and clubs. Among the top majors declared by JU students are aviation management, biology, nursing, business and marine science.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Seneca Wallace",
"paragraph_text": "Seneca Sinclair Wallace (born August 6, 1980) is a former American football quarterback. He was drafted by the Seattle Seahawks in the fourth round of the 2003 NFL Draft. He played college football at Iowa State. He was also a member of the Cleveland Browns, New Orleans Saints, San Francisco 49ers and Green Bay Packers.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Oklahoma",
"paragraph_text": "Collegiate athletics are a popular draw in the state. The state has four schools that compete at the highest level of college sports, NCAA Division I. The most prominent are the state's two members of the Big 12 Conference, one of the so-called Power Five conferences of the top tier of college football, Division I FBS. The University of Oklahoma and Oklahoma State University average well over 50,000 fans attending their football games, and Oklahoma's football program ranked 12th in attendance among American colleges in 2010, with an average of 84,738 people attending its home games. The two universities meet several times each year in rivalry matches known as the Bedlam Series, which are some of the greatest sporting draws to the state. Sports Illustrated magazine rates Oklahoma and Oklahoma State among the top colleges for athletics in the nation. Two private institutions in Tulsa, the University of Tulsa and Oral Roberts University; are also Division I members. Tulsa competes in FBS football and other sports in the American Athletic Conference, while Oral Roberts, which does not sponsor football, is a member of The Summit League. In addition, 12 of the state's smaller colleges and universities compete in NCAA Division II as members of four different conferences, and eight other Oklahoma institutions participate in the NAIA, mostly within the Sooner Athletic Conference.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Erskine College",
"paragraph_text": "Erskine College is a private Christian college in Due West, South Carolina, United States. It offers an undergraduate liberal arts college and a graduate theological seminary. The college was founded in 1839 by the Associate Reformed Presbyterian Church, and its sports teams compete in NCAA Division II as a member of Conference Carolinas.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
Where did the quarterback for the team that Deron Cherry played for, go to college?
|
[
{
"id": 586089,
"question": "Deron Cherry >> member of sports team",
"answer": "Kansas City Chiefs",
"paragraph_support_idx": 10
},
{
"id": 77346,
"question": "where did the quarterback for #1 go to college",
"answer": "Texas Tech",
"paragraph_support_idx": 12
}
] |
Texas Tech
|
[
"Texas"
] | true |
2hop__424086_77346
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "National Football League Rookie of the Year Award",
"paragraph_text": "Season Player Team Position Ref 2013 Lacy, Eddie Eddie Lacy Green Bay Packers Running back 2014 Beckham Jr., Odell Odell Beckham Jr. New York Giants Wide receiver 2015 Gurley, Todd Todd Gurley St. Louis Rams Running back 2016 Elliott, Ezekiel Ezekiel Elliott Dallas Cowboys Running back",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Ken Lacy",
"paragraph_text": "Ken Lacy is a former professional NFL football player who played running back for four seasons for the Kansas City Chiefs. Lacy also played for the 1983 USFL Champion Michigan Panthers.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Canadian football",
"paragraph_text": "On the field at the beginning of a play are two teams of 12 (unlike 11 in American football). The team in possession of the ball is the offence and the team defending is referred to as the defence. Play begins with a backwards pass through the legs (the snap) by a member of the offensive team, to another member of the offensive team. This is usually the quarterback or punter, but a \"direct snap\" to a running back is also not uncommon. If the quarterback or punter receives the ball, he may then do any of the following:",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "NCAA Football (video game series)",
"paragraph_text": "NCAA Football 14, the final installment in the series, was released on July 9, 2013. The game's cover features former Michigan quarterback Denard Robinson, who was decided by fan voting. Robinson was picked over Eddie Lacy, Kenjon Barner, Jarvis Jones, EJ Manuel, Ryan Swope, John Simon, and Tyler Eifert during the voting process.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Shawn Price",
"paragraph_text": "Shawn Price (born March 28, 1970 in Van Nuys, California) was an American football defensive end in the NFL for the Tampa Bay Buccaneers, Carolina Panthers, Buffalo Bills, and San Diego Chargers. He played college football at the University of the Pacific, as well as Sierra College, which is located in Rocklin, Ca. He was selected by the Carolina Panthers in the 1995 NFL Expansion Draft. His success in football started while in high school playing defense for the North Tahoe Lakers AA football team which went All State during his junior year and nearly going All State his senior year if it wasn't for losing their starting quarterback during their first playoff game to an ankle injury. The North Tahoe Lakers were undefeated that year due mainly because of the defense led by Shawn.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Peyton Manning",
"paragraph_text": "Peyton Williams Manning (born March 24, 1976) is a former American football quarterback who played 18 seasons in the National Football League (NFL), primarily with the Indianapolis Colts. Considered to be one of the greatest quarterbacks of all time due to his numerous career achievements, he spent 14 seasons with the Colts and was a member of the Denver Broncos in his last four seasons. Manning played college football for the University of Tennessee, leading the Tennessee Volunteers to the 1997 SEC Championship in his senior season. He is the second son of former NFL quarterback Archie Manning and older brother of New York Giants quarterback Eli Manning.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Harry Buck",
"paragraph_text": "Harry Crowe Buck (November 25, 1884 -- July 24, 1943) was an American college sports coach and physical education instructor. He founded the YMCA College of Physical Education at Madras in 1920, which played a key role in promoting sports and in establishing the Olympic movement in India. He has been called ``The Father of Physical Education in India ''. He was also one of the founding members of the Olympic movement in India and the Indian Olympic Association, and was manager of the Indian team at the 1924 Olympics.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Patrick Mahomes",
"paragraph_text": "Patrick Lavon Mahomes II (born September 17, 1995) is an American football quarterback for the Kansas City Chiefs of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football at Texas Tech, and was drafted by the Chiefs with the tenth overall pick in the 2017 NFL Draft. Mahomes is the son of former MLB pitcher Pat Mahomes.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "U.S. national anthem protests (2016–present)",
"paragraph_text": "The protests began in the National Football League (NFL) after San Francisco 49ers quarterback Colin Kaepernick sat and later kneeled during the anthem, as opposed to the tradition of standing, before his team's preseason games of 2016. Throughout the 2016 season, members of various NFL and other sports teams have engaged in similar silent protests. On September 24, 2017, the NFL protests became more widespread when over 200 players sat or kneeled in response to Donald Trump's calling for owners to fire the protesting players.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Zac Robinson",
"paragraph_text": "Zachary Ross \"Zac\" Robinson (born September 29, 1986) is a former American football quarterback and current assistant quarterbacks coach for the Los Angeles Rams of the National Football League (NFL). He was drafted by the New England Patriots in the seventh round of the 2010 NFL Draft. He played college football at Oklahoma State.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "List of Minnesota Vikings starting quarterbacks",
"paragraph_text": "The Vikings have had 36 starting quarterbacks in the history of their franchise; they have never had more than three starting quarterbacks in one season. The Vikings' past starting quarterbacks include Pro Football Hall of Fame inductees Fran Tarkenton, Brett Favre and Warren Moon. The team's first starting quarterback was George Shaw; he was replaced by Tarkenton in the franchise's first game, and the future Hall of Famer retained the starting role for most of the remainder of the season. As of the 2016 season, Minnesota's starting quarterback is Sam Bradford who the Vikings traded for after Teddy Bridgewater, was injured prior to the start of the 2016 season.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Erskine College",
"paragraph_text": "Erskine College is a private Christian college in Due West, South Carolina, United States. It offers an undergraduate liberal arts college and a graduate theological seminary. The college was founded in 1839 by the Associate Reformed Presbyterian Church, and its sports teams compete in NCAA Division II as a member of Conference Carolinas.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Jacksonville University",
"paragraph_text": "Jacksonville University (JU) is a private university in Jacksonville, Florida. The school was founded in 1934 as a two-year college and was known as Jacksonville Junior College until September 5, 1956, when it shifted focus to building four-year university degree programs and later graduated its first four-year degree candidates as Jacksonville University in June 1959. It is a member of the Independent Colleges and Universities of Florida and is accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools (SACS) and the Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business (AACSB). JU's student body currently represents more than 40 U.S. states and approximately 45 countries around the world. As a Division I university, it is home to 19 sports teams, known as the JU Dolphins, as well as intramural sports and clubs. Among the top majors declared by JU students are aviation management, biology, nursing, business and marine science.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Serious Fun (Lester Bowie album)",
"paragraph_text": "Serious Fun is the first album by Lester Bowie recorded for the Japanese DIW label and the fourth album by his \"Brass Fantasy\" group. It was released in 1989 and features performances by Bowie, Vincent Chancey, Frank Lacy, Steve Turre, E. J. Allen, Gerald Brezel, Stanton Davis, Bob Stewart, Ken Crutchfield, Vinnie Johnson and Famoudou Don Moye.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Thresher Stadium",
"paragraph_text": "Thresher Stadium is a sport stadium in North Newton, Kansas, United States. The facility is primarily used by the Bethel College for college football and men's and women's soccer teams. The stadium is also used for local high school and other community events.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "SB Nation",
"paragraph_text": "SB Nation (Sports Blog Nation) is a sports news website owned and operated by Vox Media (formerly SportsBlogs, Inc.). Established in 2005, the site comprises 320 blogs covering individual professional and college sports teams, and other sports - oriented topics. The site operates from Vox's offices just off Bryant Park in Midtown Manhattan, New York City, as well as Dupont Circle in Washington, D.C.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "The Longest Yard (2005 film)",
"paragraph_text": "The Longest Yard is a 2005 American sports prison comedy film and a remake of the 1974 film of the same name. Adam Sandler plays the protagonist Paul Crewe, a disgraced former professional quarterback for the Pittsburgh Steelers, who is forced to form a team from the prison inmates to play football against their guards.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Seneca Wallace",
"paragraph_text": "Seneca Sinclair Wallace (born August 6, 1980) is a former American football quarterback. He was drafted by the Seattle Seahawks in the fourth round of the 2003 NFL Draft. He played college football at Iowa State. He was also a member of the Cleveland Browns, New Orleans Saints, San Francisco 49ers and Green Bay Packers.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Pat Moss",
"paragraph_text": "Pat Moss was born in Thames Ditton, Surrey, England, to British race car driver Alfred Moss and Aileen (née Craufurd). She grew up in Bray, Berkshire and was taught to drive at the age of 11 by her brother, Stirling. But she started her sporting career on horseback, becoming well known as a successful show-jumper and member of the British showjumping team. In 1953, aged 18, she started driving in club rallies after being introduced to the sport by boyfriend Ken Gregory, Stirling's manager. In 1954, Moss bought a Triumph TR2 and started rallying more seriously. She asked Standard-Triumph to cover her expenses to drive her TR2 on the 1955 RAC Rally, but they declined.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Jarrett Brown",
"paragraph_text": "Jarrett Brown (born January 23, 1987) is a former American football quarterback. He played college football at West Virginia, and was signed by the San Francisco 49ers as an undrafted free agent following the 2010 NFL Draft. He served as the starting quarterback for the West Virginia Mountaineers at West Virginia University during the 2009 season after three seasons as the backup to Pat White. He was also a member of the Cleveland Browns, Indianapolis Colts, BC Lions and Spokane Shock. In 2019, he signed with the West Virginia Roughriders.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
Where did the quarterback for Ken Lacy's football team go to college?
|
[
{
"id": 424086,
"question": "Ken Lacy >> member of sports team",
"answer": "Kansas City Chiefs",
"paragraph_support_idx": 1
},
{
"id": 77346,
"question": "where did the quarterback for #1 go to college",
"answer": "Texas Tech",
"paragraph_support_idx": 7
}
] |
Texas Tech
|
[
"Texas"
] | true |
2hop__647412_77346
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Thresher Stadium",
"paragraph_text": "Thresher Stadium is a sport stadium in North Newton, Kansas, United States. The facility is primarily used by the Bethel College for college football and men's and women's soccer teams. The stadium is also used for local high school and other community events.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Tommy Smith (ice hockey)",
"paragraph_text": "Thomas Joseph Smith (September 27, 1886 – August 1, 1966) was a Canadian professional ice hockey forward, who played from 1905 until 1920 for 16 teams in his career. He was a member of two Stanley Cup-winning teams, the Ottawa Silver Seven of 1906 and the Quebec Bulldogs of 1913. His two brothers Alf Smith and Harry Smith also played professional ice hockey.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Richard Smith (wide receiver)",
"paragraph_text": "Smith played four games in National Football League with the Kansas City Chiefs along with spending time on the practice rosters for the Washington Redskins and the Seattle Seahawks.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Jarrett Brown",
"paragraph_text": "Jarrett Brown (born January 23, 1987) is a former American football quarterback. He played college football at West Virginia, and was signed by the San Francisco 49ers as an undrafted free agent following the 2010 NFL Draft. He served as the starting quarterback for the West Virginia Mountaineers at West Virginia University during the 2009 season after three seasons as the backup to Pat White. He was also a member of the Cleveland Browns, Indianapolis Colts, BC Lions and Spokane Shock. In 2019, he signed with the West Virginia Roughriders.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "SB Nation",
"paragraph_text": "SB Nation (Sports Blog Nation) is a sports news website owned and operated by Vox Media (formerly SportsBlogs, Inc.). Established in 2005, the site comprises 320 blogs covering individual professional and college sports teams, and other sports - oriented topics. The site operates from Vox's offices just off Bryant Park in Midtown Manhattan, New York City, as well as Dupont Circle in Washington, D.C.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Peyton Manning",
"paragraph_text": "Peyton Williams Manning (born March 24, 1976) is a former American football quarterback who played 18 seasons in the National Football League (NFL), primarily with the Indianapolis Colts. Considered to be one of the greatest quarterbacks of all time due to his numerous career achievements, he spent 14 seasons with the Colts and was a member of the Denver Broncos in his last four seasons. Manning played college football for the University of Tennessee, leading the Tennessee Volunteers to the 1997 SEC Championship in his senior season. He is the second son of former NFL quarterback Archie Manning and older brother of New York Giants quarterback Eli Manning.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Canadian football",
"paragraph_text": "On the field at the beginning of a play are two teams of 12 (unlike 11 in American football). The team in possession of the ball is the offence and the team defending is referred to as the defence. Play begins with a backwards pass through the legs (the snap) by a member of the offensive team, to another member of the offensive team. This is usually the quarterback or punter, but a \"direct snap\" to a running back is also not uncommon. If the quarterback or punter receives the ball, he may then do any of the following:",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Seneca Wallace",
"paragraph_text": "Seneca Sinclair Wallace (born August 6, 1980) is a former American football quarterback. He was drafted by the Seattle Seahawks in the fourth round of the 2003 NFL Draft. He played college football at Iowa State. He was also a member of the Cleveland Browns, New Orleans Saints, San Francisco 49ers and Green Bay Packers.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Kellen Moore",
"paragraph_text": "Kellen Moore (born July 5, 1988) is a former American football quarterback who is the quarterbacks coach of the Dallas Cowboys of the National Football League (NFL). He played six seasons in the NFL for the Cowboys and Detroit Lions. He played college football at Boise State. Moore holds the unofficial all - time record for wins by a starting quarterback in NCAA Division I FBS with a 50 -- 3 (. 943) record. As a junior, he finished fourth in the balloting for the 2010 Heisman Trophy.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Zac Robinson",
"paragraph_text": "Zachary Ross \"Zac\" Robinson (born September 29, 1986) is a former American football quarterback and current assistant quarterbacks coach for the Los Angeles Rams of the National Football League (NFL). He was drafted by the New England Patriots in the seventh round of the 2010 NFL Draft. He played college football at Oklahoma State.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Mike Smith (1920s outfielder)",
"paragraph_text": "Elwood Hope \"Mike\" Smith (November 16, 1904 in Norfolk, Virginia – May 31, 1981 in Chesapeake, Virginia) was an American outfielder, who played Major League Baseball in 1926 for the New York Giants. Smith attended the College of William & Mary. Smith played 4 major league games in his career, going 1-7 with 2 strikeouts.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "The Longest Yard (2005 film)",
"paragraph_text": "The Longest Yard is a 2005 American sports prison comedy film and a remake of the 1974 film of the same name. Adam Sandler plays the protagonist Paul Crewe, a disgraced former professional quarterback for the Pittsburgh Steelers, who is forced to form a team from the prison inmates to play football against their guards.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Erskine College",
"paragraph_text": "Erskine College is a private Christian college in Due West, South Carolina, United States. It offers an undergraduate liberal arts college and a graduate theological seminary. The college was founded in 1839 by the Associate Reformed Presbyterian Church, and its sports teams compete in NCAA Division II as a member of Conference Carolinas.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Harry Buck",
"paragraph_text": "Harry Crowe Buck (November 25, 1884 -- July 24, 1943) was an American college sports coach and physical education instructor. He founded the YMCA College of Physical Education at Madras in 1920, which played a key role in promoting sports and in establishing the Olympic movement in India. He has been called ``The Father of Physical Education in India ''. He was also one of the founding members of the Olympic movement in India and the Indian Olympic Association, and was manager of the Indian team at the 1924 Olympics.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Shawn Price",
"paragraph_text": "Shawn Price (born March 28, 1970 in Van Nuys, California) was an American football defensive end in the NFL for the Tampa Bay Buccaneers, Carolina Panthers, Buffalo Bills, and San Diego Chargers. He played college football at the University of the Pacific, as well as Sierra College, which is located in Rocklin, Ca. He was selected by the Carolina Panthers in the 1995 NFL Expansion Draft. His success in football started while in high school playing defense for the North Tahoe Lakers AA football team which went All State during his junior year and nearly going All State his senior year if it wasn't for losing their starting quarterback during their first playoff game to an ankle injury. The North Tahoe Lakers were undefeated that year due mainly because of the defense led by Shawn.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Aaron Rodgers",
"paragraph_text": "Before the draft, Rodgers was confident that he would be drafted to the team he supported and grew up near, the San Francisco 49ers, who possessed the No. 1 overall pick in the draft. The 49ers, however, drafted quarterback Alex Smith out of Utah instead, and Rodgers slid all the way down to the 24th overall pick by the Green Bay Packers. Rodgers has said that he experienced much angst and restlessness when waiting to be selected several hours into the draft, as he had expected himself to be selected much sooner. Rodgers's slip to the 24th selection and the Packers choosing to pick Brett Favre's future replacement became one of the biggest stories of the draft, though he was still the second quarterback selected. His drop in the draft was later ranked number one on the NFL Network's Top 10 Draft Day Moments. Many teams drafting between the second and 23rd positions had positional needs more pressing than quarterback.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Jacksonville University",
"paragraph_text": "Jacksonville University (JU) is a private university in Jacksonville, Florida. The school was founded in 1934 as a two-year college and was known as Jacksonville Junior College until September 5, 1956, when it shifted focus to building four-year university degree programs and later graduated its first four-year degree candidates as Jacksonville University in June 1959. It is a member of the Independent Colleges and Universities of Florida and is accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools (SACS) and the Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business (AACSB). JU's student body currently represents more than 40 U.S. states and approximately 45 countries around the world. As a Division I university, it is home to 19 sports teams, known as the JU Dolphins, as well as intramural sports and clubs. Among the top majors declared by JU students are aviation management, biology, nursing, business and marine science.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "U.S. national anthem protests (2016–present)",
"paragraph_text": "The protests began in the National Football League (NFL) after San Francisco 49ers quarterback Colin Kaepernick sat and later kneeled during the anthem, as opposed to the tradition of standing, before his team's preseason games of 2016. Throughout the 2016 season, members of various NFL and other sports teams have engaged in similar silent protests. On September 24, 2017, the NFL protests became more widespread when over 200 players sat or kneeled in response to Donald Trump's calling for owners to fire the protesting players.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Matt McGloin",
"paragraph_text": "Matthew James \"Matt\" McGloin (born December 2, 1989) is an American football quarterback who is currently a free agent. He was the starting quarterback for the Penn State Nittany Lions football team from 2010 to 2012. He is the first walk-on quarterback to start at Penn State since scholarships were reinstated in 1949. Prior to his college career, McGloin was a Pennsylvania all-state quarterback while attending West Scranton High School.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Patrick Mahomes",
"paragraph_text": "Patrick Lavon Mahomes II (born September 17, 1995) is an American football quarterback for the Kansas City Chiefs of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football at Texas Tech, and was drafted by the Chiefs with the tenth overall pick in the 2017 NFL Draft. Mahomes is the son of former MLB pitcher Pat Mahomes.",
"is_supporting": true
}
] |
The quarterback of the team Richard Smith played for attended what school?
|
[
{
"id": 647412,
"question": "Richard Smith >> member of sports team",
"answer": "Kansas City Chiefs",
"paragraph_support_idx": 2
},
{
"id": 77346,
"question": "where did the quarterback for #1 go to college",
"answer": "Texas Tech",
"paragraph_support_idx": 19
}
] |
Texas Tech
|
[
"Texas"
] | true |
2hop__812801_77346
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Derrick Dukes",
"paragraph_text": "Derrick Dukes (born in Barberton, Ohio, residing in Cottage Grove, MN, his home) is an American professional wrestler best known for his stint in the American Wrestling Association (AWA) in the late 1980s as one half of the tag team The Top Guns with Ricky Rice. The team was originally made up of Rice and Jon Paul DeMans. However, DeMans left the AWA and Dukes replaced him as a member of the team.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Zac Robinson",
"paragraph_text": "Zachary Ross \"Zac\" Robinson (born September 29, 1986) is a former American football quarterback and current assistant quarterbacks coach for the Los Angeles Rams of the National Football League (NFL). He was drafted by the New England Patriots in the seventh round of the 2010 NFL Draft. He played college football at Oklahoma State.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "SB Nation",
"paragraph_text": "SB Nation (Sports Blog Nation) is a sports news website owned and operated by Vox Media (formerly SportsBlogs, Inc.). Established in 2005, the site comprises 320 blogs covering individual professional and college sports teams, and other sports - oriented topics. The site operates from Vox's offices just off Bryant Park in Midtown Manhattan, New York City, as well as Dupont Circle in Washington, D.C.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Stephen M. Ross",
"paragraph_text": "Stephen M. Ross (born May 10, 1940) is an American real estate developer, philanthropist and sports team owner. Ross is the chairman and majority owner of The Related Companies, a global real estate development firm he founded in 1972. Related is best known for developing the Time Warner Center, where Ross lives and works, as well as the Hudson Yards Redevelopment Project. According to Forbes magazine, Ross had a net worth of $4.4 billion. Ross is also the principal owner of the Miami Dolphins and Hard Rock Stadium.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Matt McGloin",
"paragraph_text": "Matthew James \"Matt\" McGloin (born December 2, 1989) is an American football quarterback who is currently a free agent. He was the starting quarterback for the Penn State Nittany Lions football team from 2010 to 2012. He is the first walk-on quarterback to start at Penn State since scholarships were reinstated in 1949. Prior to his college career, McGloin was a Pennsylvania all-state quarterback while attending West Scranton High School.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Canadian football",
"paragraph_text": "On the field at the beginning of a play are two teams of 12 (unlike 11 in American football). The team in possession of the ball is the offence and the team defending is referred to as the defence. Play begins with a backwards pass through the legs (the snap) by a member of the offensive team, to another member of the offensive team. This is usually the quarterback or punter, but a \"direct snap\" to a running back is also not uncommon. If the quarterback or punter receives the ball, he may then do any of the following:",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Derrick Seaver",
"paragraph_text": "Derrick Seaver is a former member of the Ohio House of Representatives, representing the 78th District from 2001 to 2006. His election in 2000 was notable as he was elected to office at 18 years of age.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Peyton Manning",
"paragraph_text": "Peyton Williams Manning (born March 24, 1976) is a former American football quarterback who played 18 seasons in the National Football League (NFL), primarily with the Indianapolis Colts. Considered to be one of the greatest quarterbacks of all time due to his numerous career achievements, he spent 14 seasons with the Colts and was a member of the Denver Broncos in his last four seasons. Manning played college football for the University of Tennessee, leading the Tennessee Volunteers to the 1997 SEC Championship in his senior season. He is the second son of former NFL quarterback Archie Manning and older brother of New York Giants quarterback Eli Manning.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "U.S. national anthem protests (2016–present)",
"paragraph_text": "The protests began in the National Football League (NFL) after San Francisco 49ers quarterback Colin Kaepernick sat and later kneeled during the anthem, as opposed to the tradition of standing, before his team's preseason games of 2016. Throughout the 2016 season, members of various NFL and other sports teams have engaged in similar silent protests. On September 24, 2017, the NFL protests became more widespread when over 200 players sat or kneeled in response to Donald Trump's calling for owners to fire the protesting players.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Patrick Mahomes",
"paragraph_text": "Patrick Lavon Mahomes II (born September 17, 1995) is an American football quarterback for the Kansas City Chiefs of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football at Texas Tech, and was drafted by the Chiefs with the tenth overall pick in the 2017 NFL Draft. Mahomes is the son of former MLB pitcher Pat Mahomes.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Jarrett Brown",
"paragraph_text": "Jarrett Brown (born January 23, 1987) is a former American football quarterback. He played college football at West Virginia, and was signed by the San Francisco 49ers as an undrafted free agent following the 2010 NFL Draft. He served as the starting quarterback for the West Virginia Mountaineers at West Virginia University during the 2009 season after three seasons as the backup to Pat White. He was also a member of the Cleveland Browns, Indianapolis Colts, BC Lions and Spokane Shock. In 2019, he signed with the West Virginia Roughriders.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Jacksonville University",
"paragraph_text": "Jacksonville University (JU) is a private university in Jacksonville, Florida. The school was founded in 1934 as a two-year college and was known as Jacksonville Junior College until September 5, 1956, when it shifted focus to building four-year university degree programs and later graduated its first four-year degree candidates as Jacksonville University in June 1959. It is a member of the Independent Colleges and Universities of Florida and is accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools (SACS) and the Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business (AACSB). JU's student body currently represents more than 40 U.S. states and approximately 45 countries around the world. As a Division I university, it is home to 19 sports teams, known as the JU Dolphins, as well as intramural sports and clubs. Among the top majors declared by JU students are aviation management, biology, nursing, business and marine science.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "List of Minnesota Vikings starting quarterbacks",
"paragraph_text": "The Vikings have had 36 starting quarterbacks in the history of their franchise; they have never had more than three starting quarterbacks in one season. The Vikings' past starting quarterbacks include Pro Football Hall of Fame inductees Fran Tarkenton, Brett Favre and Warren Moon. The team's first starting quarterback was George Shaw; he was replaced by Tarkenton in the franchise's first game, and the future Hall of Famer retained the starting role for most of the remainder of the season. As of the 2016 season, Minnesota's starting quarterback is Sam Bradford who the Vikings traded for after Teddy Bridgewater, was injured prior to the start of the 2016 season.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "The Longest Yard (2005 film)",
"paragraph_text": "The Longest Yard is a 2005 American sports prison comedy film and a remake of the 1974 film of the same name. Adam Sandler plays the protagonist Paul Crewe, a disgraced former professional quarterback for the Pittsburgh Steelers, who is forced to form a team from the prison inmates to play football against their guards.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Seneca Wallace",
"paragraph_text": "Seneca Sinclair Wallace (born August 6, 1980) is a former American football quarterback. He was drafted by the Seattle Seahawks in the fourth round of the 2003 NFL Draft. He played college football at Iowa State. He was also a member of the Cleveland Browns, New Orleans Saints, San Francisco 49ers and Green Bay Packers.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Erskine College",
"paragraph_text": "Erskine College is a private Christian college in Due West, South Carolina, United States. It offers an undergraduate liberal arts college and a graduate theological seminary. The college was founded in 1839 by the Associate Reformed Presbyterian Church, and its sports teams compete in NCAA Division II as a member of Conference Carolinas.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Derrick Ross",
"paragraph_text": "Derrick Lewis Ross (born December 29, 1983) is an American football/arena football running back for the Jacksonville Sharks of the National Arena League (NAL). He played one season with the Kansas City Chiefs (2006). Ross played college football at Blinn College and Tarleton State University.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Flying Fifty-Five",
"paragraph_text": "Flying Fifty-Five is a 1939 British sports-drama film directed by Reginald Denham and starring Derrick De Marney, Nancy Burne, John Warwick and Peter Gawthorne. It was made by Admiral Films at Welwyn Studios. The film is based on a 1922 novel of the same name by Edgar Wallace.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Thresher Stadium",
"paragraph_text": "Thresher Stadium is a sport stadium in North Newton, Kansas, United States. The facility is primarily used by the Bethel College for college football and men's and women's soccer teams. The stadium is also used for local high school and other community events.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Chandler Bing",
"paragraph_text": "Chandler's best friend is Ross Geller (David Schwimmer), who was his college roommate. He and Ross were in a band named Way / No Way during college. He met Ross's sister, Monica Geller (Courteney Cox), and her friend, Rachel Green (Jennifer Aniston), while celebrating Thanksgiving at Ross's House. Chandler was the first person to know about Ross's love for Rachel. He moved to New York City and lives across the hall from Monica and, through her, meets Phoebe Buffay (Lisa Kudrow). At some point during this time, Joey Tribbiani (Matt LeBlanc) moves in with him and they become best friends. Chandler has a very good sense of humor, and is notoriously sarcastic. He is the highest earning member of his friends circle on account of responsible income management, having learned the value of money from a young age. He suffers from commitment issues, but later marries Monica.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
Where did the quarterback of Derrick Ross's team go to college?
|
[
{
"id": 812801,
"question": "Derrick Ross >> member of sports team",
"answer": "Kansas City Chiefs",
"paragraph_support_idx": 16
},
{
"id": 77346,
"question": "where did the quarterback for #1 go to college",
"answer": "Texas Tech",
"paragraph_support_idx": 9
}
] |
Texas Tech
|
[
"Texas"
] | true |
2hop__565717_77346
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "U.S. national anthem protests (2016–present)",
"paragraph_text": "The protests began in the National Football League (NFL) after San Francisco 49ers quarterback Colin Kaepernick sat and later kneeled during the anthem, as opposed to the tradition of standing, before his team's preseason games of 2016. Throughout the 2016 season, members of various NFL and other sports teams have engaged in similar silent protests. On September 24, 2017, the NFL protests became more widespread when over 200 players sat or kneeled in response to Donald Trump's calling for owners to fire the protesting players.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Jacksonville University",
"paragraph_text": "Jacksonville University (JU) is a private university in Jacksonville, Florida. The school was founded in 1934 as a two-year college and was known as Jacksonville Junior College until September 5, 1956, when it shifted focus to building four-year university degree programs and later graduated its first four-year degree candidates as Jacksonville University in June 1959. It is a member of the Independent Colleges and Universities of Florida and is accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools (SACS) and the Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business (AACSB). JU's student body currently represents more than 40 U.S. states and approximately 45 countries around the world. As a Division I university, it is home to 19 sports teams, known as the JU Dolphins, as well as intramural sports and clubs. Among the top majors declared by JU students are aviation management, biology, nursing, business and marine science.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Shawn Price",
"paragraph_text": "Shawn Price (born March 28, 1970 in Van Nuys, California) was an American football defensive end in the NFL for the Tampa Bay Buccaneers, Carolina Panthers, Buffalo Bills, and San Diego Chargers. He played college football at the University of the Pacific, as well as Sierra College, which is located in Rocklin, Ca. He was selected by the Carolina Panthers in the 1995 NFL Expansion Draft. His success in football started while in high school playing defense for the North Tahoe Lakers AA football team which went All State during his junior year and nearly going All State his senior year if it wasn't for losing their starting quarterback during their first playoff game to an ankle injury. The North Tahoe Lakers were undefeated that year due mainly because of the defense led by Shawn.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "List of Minnesota Vikings starting quarterbacks",
"paragraph_text": "The Vikings have had 36 starting quarterbacks in the history of their franchise; they have never had more than three starting quarterbacks in one season. The Vikings' past starting quarterbacks include Pro Football Hall of Fame inductees Fran Tarkenton, Brett Favre and Warren Moon. The team's first starting quarterback was George Shaw; he was replaced by Tarkenton in the franchise's first game, and the future Hall of Famer retained the starting role for most of the remainder of the season. As of the 2016 season, Minnesota's starting quarterback is Sam Bradford who the Vikings traded for after Teddy Bridgewater, was injured prior to the start of the 2016 season.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Zac Robinson",
"paragraph_text": "Zachary Ross \"Zac\" Robinson (born September 29, 1986) is a former American football quarterback and current assistant quarterbacks coach for the Los Angeles Rams of the National Football League (NFL). He was drafted by the New England Patriots in the seventh round of the 2010 NFL Draft. He played college football at Oklahoma State.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Tracy Rogers",
"paragraph_text": "Tracy Darin Rogers (born August 13, 1967 in Taft, California) is a former professional American football player who played linebacker for seven seasons for the Kansas City Chiefs.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Thresher Stadium",
"paragraph_text": "Thresher Stadium is a sport stadium in North Newton, Kansas, United States. The facility is primarily used by the Bethel College for college football and men's and women's soccer teams. The stadium is also used for local high school and other community events.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Harry Buck",
"paragraph_text": "Harry Crowe Buck (November 25, 1884 -- July 24, 1943) was an American college sports coach and physical education instructor. He founded the YMCA College of Physical Education at Madras in 1920, which played a key role in promoting sports and in establishing the Olympic movement in India. He has been called ``The Father of Physical Education in India ''. He was also one of the founding members of the Olympic movement in India and the Indian Olympic Association, and was manager of the Indian team at the 1924 Olympics.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Peyton Manning",
"paragraph_text": "Peyton Williams Manning (born March 24, 1976) is a former American football quarterback who played 18 seasons in the National Football League (NFL), primarily with the Indianapolis Colts. Considered to be one of the greatest quarterbacks of all time due to his numerous career achievements, he spent 14 seasons with the Colts and was a member of the Denver Broncos in his last four seasons. Manning played college football for the University of Tennessee, leading the Tennessee Volunteers to the 1997 SEC Championship in his senior season. He is the second son of former NFL quarterback Archie Manning and older brother of New York Giants quarterback Eli Manning.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Canadian football",
"paragraph_text": "On the field at the beginning of a play are two teams of 12 (unlike 11 in American football). The team in possession of the ball is the offence and the team defending is referred to as the defence. Play begins with a backwards pass through the legs (the snap) by a member of the offensive team, to another member of the offensive team. This is usually the quarterback or punter, but a \"direct snap\" to a running back is also not uncommon. If the quarterback or punter receives the ball, he may then do any of the following:",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "History of the Seattle Seahawks",
"paragraph_text": "In 2011, the Seahawks let Hasselbeck go and made free agent acquisition Tarvaris Jackson their starting quarterback. The Seahawks opened 2 - 6 and then went on a 5 - 1 run capped by a big win in Chicago by a score of 38 - 14 pulling their record to 7 - 7. But, the Seahawks lost a home game against San Francisco 19 - 17 and then lost at Arizona in OT. So, the team finished 7 - 9 which, unlike the previous year, was n't enough to get them into the playoffs.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Matt McGloin",
"paragraph_text": "Matthew James \"Matt\" McGloin (born December 2, 1989) is an American football quarterback who is currently a free agent. He was the starting quarterback for the Penn State Nittany Lions football team from 2010 to 2012. He is the first walk-on quarterback to start at Penn State since scholarships were reinstated in 1949. Prior to his college career, McGloin was a Pennsylvania all-state quarterback while attending West Scranton High School.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Oklahoma",
"paragraph_text": "Collegiate athletics are a popular draw in the state. The state has four schools that compete at the highest level of college sports, NCAA Division I. The most prominent are the state's two members of the Big 12 Conference, one of the so-called Power Five conferences of the top tier of college football, Division I FBS. The University of Oklahoma and Oklahoma State University average well over 50,000 fans attending their football games, and Oklahoma's football program ranked 12th in attendance among American colleges in 2010, with an average of 84,738 people attending its home games. The two universities meet several times each year in rivalry matches known as the Bedlam Series, which are some of the greatest sporting draws to the state. Sports Illustrated magazine rates Oklahoma and Oklahoma State among the top colleges for athletics in the nation. Two private institutions in Tulsa, the University of Tulsa and Oral Roberts University; are also Division I members. Tulsa competes in FBS football and other sports in the American Athletic Conference, while Oral Roberts, which does not sponsor football, is a member of The Summit League. In addition, 12 of the state's smaller colleges and universities compete in NCAA Division II as members of four different conferences, and eight other Oklahoma institutions participate in the NAIA, mostly within the Sooner Athletic Conference.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "The Longest Yard (2005 film)",
"paragraph_text": "The Longest Yard is a 2005 American sports prison comedy film and a remake of the 1974 film of the same name. Adam Sandler plays the protagonist Paul Crewe, a disgraced former professional quarterback for the Pittsburgh Steelers, who is forced to form a team from the prison inmates to play football against their guards.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Jarrett Brown",
"paragraph_text": "Jarrett Brown (born January 23, 1987) is a former American football quarterback. He played college football at West Virginia, and was signed by the San Francisco 49ers as an undrafted free agent following the 2010 NFL Draft. He served as the starting quarterback for the West Virginia Mountaineers at West Virginia University during the 2009 season after three seasons as the backup to Pat White. He was also a member of the Cleveland Browns, Indianapolis Colts, BC Lions and Spokane Shock. In 2019, he signed with the West Virginia Roughriders.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Kellen Moore",
"paragraph_text": "Kellen Moore (born July 5, 1988) is a former American football quarterback who is the quarterbacks coach of the Dallas Cowboys of the National Football League (NFL). He played six seasons in the NFL for the Cowboys and Detroit Lions. He played college football at Boise State. Moore holds the unofficial all - time record for wins by a starting quarterback in NCAA Division I FBS with a 50 -- 3 (. 943) record. As a junior, he finished fourth in the balloting for the 2010 Heisman Trophy.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "T&TEC Sports Club",
"paragraph_text": "The Trinidad and Tobago Electricity Commission Sports Club, often referred to as T&TEC Sports Club is a state-owned football team from Trinidad and Tobago based in Gooding Village and was a member of the TT Pro League, the highest level of football in Trinidad.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Adrian Tracy",
"paragraph_text": "Adrian D'Sean Tracy (born April 6, 1988) is a gridiron football defensive end for the Hamilton Tiger-Cats of the Canadian Football League (CFL). He was selected in the sixth round (184th overall) of the 2010 NFL Draft by the New York Giants. Tracy played college football at the College of William & Mary.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "SB Nation",
"paragraph_text": "SB Nation (Sports Blog Nation) is a sports news website owned and operated by Vox Media (formerly SportsBlogs, Inc.). Established in 2005, the site comprises 320 blogs covering individual professional and college sports teams, and other sports - oriented topics. The site operates from Vox's offices just off Bryant Park in Midtown Manhattan, New York City, as well as Dupont Circle in Washington, D.C.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Patrick Mahomes",
"paragraph_text": "Patrick Lavon Mahomes II (born September 17, 1995) is an American football quarterback for the Kansas City Chiefs of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football at Texas Tech, and was drafted by the Chiefs with the tenth overall pick in the 2017 NFL Draft. Mahomes is the son of former MLB pitcher Pat Mahomes.",
"is_supporting": true
}
] |
What college did the quarterback from the team Tracy Rogers played for attend?
|
[
{
"id": 565717,
"question": "Tracy Rogers >> member of sports team",
"answer": "Kansas City Chiefs",
"paragraph_support_idx": 5
},
{
"id": 77346,
"question": "where did the quarterback for #1 go to college",
"answer": "Texas Tech",
"paragraph_support_idx": 19
}
] |
Texas Tech
|
[
"Texas"
] | true |
2hop__806064_77937
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Nicolas Vallar",
"paragraph_text": "Hiro Nicolas Vallar (born 22 October 1983) is a footballer from Papeete, Tahiti currently playing for A.S. Central Sport. He is a member of Tahiti national football team.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Jeff Nygaard",
"paragraph_text": "Jeff Wayne Nygaard (born August 3, 1972 in Madison, Wisconsin) is an American volleyball and beach volleyball player who participated in the 2004 Summer Olympics with partner Dain Blanton in Athens, Greece. In 1996 and 2000 he was a member of the Men's Olympic National Indoor Team. He is a middle blocker.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "T&TEC Sports Club",
"paragraph_text": "The Trinidad and Tobago Electricity Commission Sports Club, often referred to as T&TEC Sports Club is a state-owned football team from Trinidad and Tobago based in Gooding Village and was a member of the TT Pro League, the highest level of football in Trinidad.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Pain",
"paragraph_text": "In 1994, responding to the need for a more useful system for describing chronic pain, the International Association for the Study of Pain (IASP) classified pain according to specific characteristics: (1) region of the body involved (e.g. abdomen, lower limbs), (2) system whose dysfunction may be causing the pain (e.g., nervous, gastrointestinal), (3) duration and pattern of occurrence, (4) intensity and time since onset, and (5) etiology. However, this system has been criticized by Clifford J. Woolf and others as inadequate for guiding research and treatment. Woolf suggests three classes of pain : (1) nociceptive pain, (2) inflammatory pain which is associated with tissue damage and the infiltration of immune cells, and (3) pathological pain which is a disease state caused by damage to the nervous system or by its abnormal function (e.g. fibromyalgia, irritable bowel syndrome, tension type headache, etc.).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Jeff Paine",
"paragraph_text": "Jeffrey Franklin Paine (born August 19, 1961 in Garland, Texas) is a former American football linebacker in the National Football League for the Kansas City Chiefs, the St. Louis Cardinals, and the Washington Redskins. He played college football at Texas A&M University and was drafted in the fifth round of the 1984 NFL Draft.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Kabaddi",
"paragraph_text": "Kabaddi Kabaddi game Highest governing body International Kabaddi Federation Nicknames Kaudi, Pakaada, Hadudu, Bhavatik, Saadukuda, Hu - Tu - Tu, Himoshika, sadugudu Characteristics Contact Permitted Team members 7 (per side) Mixed gender Yes, separate competitions Type Team sport, Contact sport Equipment None Venue Kabaddi court Presence Country or region Indian Subcontinent tamilnadu Olympic Demonstration sport: 1936 Olympics",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Super Dave: Daredevil for Hire",
"paragraph_text": "In the United States, the show premiered on September 12, 1992 on FOX. The series was cancelled after its first season, but a special based on the series titled \"The Super Dave Superbowl of Knowledge\" aired on January 29, 1994.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "King Kobra III",
"paragraph_text": "King Kobra III, released in 1988 on New Renaissance Records, was the first and last album by the Edwards, Michael-Phillips, Northrup, Hart and Appice line-up of King Kobra. After the demise of the original line-up, remaining members Carmine Appice and David Michael-Phillips teamed up with Johnny Edwards, Jeff Northrup and Larry Hart, all 3 members of the Sacramento, CA band Northrup at the time.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Los Tarcos Rugby Club",
"paragraph_text": "The rugby union team is member of the Unión de Rugby de Tucumán and one of the most successful teams in the province, having won the provincial title 12 times and having reached the final of the Nacional de Clubes once. Many Tarcos players went on to represent Argentina at international level, including Luis Molina, Marcelo Ricci, Pablo and Fernando Buabse, Sergio Bunader and Leonardo Gravano.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "New York Jets",
"paragraph_text": "The team was founded in 1959 as the Titans of New York, an original member of the American Football League (AFL); later, the franchise joined the NFL in the AFL -- NFL merger in 1970. The team began to play in 1960 at the Polo Grounds. Under new ownership, the current name was adopted in 1963 and the franchise moved to Shea Stadium in 1964 and then to the Meadowlands Sports Complex in 1984. The Jets advanced to the playoffs for the first time in 1968 and went on to compete in Super Bowl III where they defeated the Baltimore Colts, becoming the first AFL team to defeat an NFL club in an AFL -- NFL World Championship Game. Since 1968, the Jets have appeared in the playoffs 13 times, and in the AFC Championship Game four times, most recently losing to the Pittsburgh Steelers in 2010. However, the Jets have never returned to the Super Bowl, making them one of three NFL teams to win their lone Super Bowl appearance, along with the New Orleans Saints and Tampa Bay Buccaneers.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Diamond Jack and the Queen of Pain",
"paragraph_text": "Diamond Jack and the Queen of Pain is the tenth solo album by Kevin Ayers, a founding member of Soft Machine.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Fox Sports College Hoops '99",
"paragraph_text": "Fox Sports College Hoops '99 is a college basketball sports video game developed by Z-Axis and published by Fox Interactive under the brand name Fox Sports Interactive for the Nintendo 64. It was released in North America on October 31, 1998. Jeff Sheppard of the University of Kentucky is featured on the cover.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Kansas City Chiefs",
"paragraph_text": "The Chiefs have won three AFL championships, in 1962, 1966, and 1969 and became the second AFL team (after the New York Jets) to defeat an NFL team in an AFL -- NFL World Championship Game, when they defeated the Minnesota Vikings in Super Bowl IV. The team's victory on January 11, 1970, remains the club's last championship game victory and appearance to date, and occurred in the final such competition prior to the leagues' merger coming into full effect. The Chiefs were also the second team, after the Green Bay Packers, to appear in more than one Super Bowl (and the first AFL team to do so) and the first to appear in the championship game in two different decades.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Irving Davis",
"paragraph_text": "Cyril Irving Davis (December 12, 1896 – June 27, 1958) was an American soccer full back who played professionally with Philadelphia Field Club in the American Soccer League (ASL) from 1924 to 1926. He was born in Stourport-on-Severn, England. Davis was a member of the U.S. soccer team at the 1924 Summer Olympics. He went on to earn five caps with the U.S. national team in 1924 and 1925. His first game with the U.S. national team came in the U.S. victory over Estonia at the 1924 Olympics. His last game came on June 27, 1926, a 1-0 loss to Canada. He later went on to play for Fairhill F.C.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Tuvalu",
"paragraph_text": "Football in Tuvalu is played at club and national team level. The Tuvalu national football team trains at the Tuvalu Sports Ground in Funafuti and competes in the Pacific Games. The Tuvalu National Football Association is an associate member of the Oceania Football Confederation (OFC) and is seeking membership in FIFA. The Tuvalu national futsal team participates in the Oceanian Futsal Championship.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Old Dominion Monarchs basketball",
"paragraph_text": "The Old Dominion Monarchs basketball team represents Old Dominion University in Norfolk, Virginia, United States in NCAA Division I men's competition. The school's team currently competes in the Conference USA. They were the Division II national champions in 1975, champions of the inaugural CollegeInsider.com Postseason Tournament in 2009, and champions of the inaugural Vegas 16 in 2016. The team last played in the Division I NCAA Tournament in 2019. The Monarchs are currently coached by Jeff Jones.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Robert Treat Paine Storer",
"paragraph_text": "Robert Treat Paine Storer (April 17, 1893 – February 5, 1962) was an American football player for Harvard University. In 1912, he scored Harvard's first touchdown against Yale since 1901 and was selected as a first-team All-American at the tackle position. In 1913, he was captain of Harvard's last undefeated, untied football team until 2001. During World War I, Storer was cited for bravery for his actions in saving a French officer while on a reconnaissance mission.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Abby Bishop",
"paragraph_text": "Abby Bishop (born 29 November 1988) is an Australian professional basketball forward/center who last played for the Seattle Storm of the Women's National Basketball Association (WNBA). In Australia, she has played for the Australian Institute of Sport from 2005–2006, the Canberra Capitals from 2006–2010, Dandenong Rangers from 2010–2011 Canberra Capitals. She is currently a member of the Adelaide Lightning (2016/2017). She is a member of the Australia women's national basketball team and won a gold medal during the 2007 Oceania World Qualifications series and a bronze medal at the 2012 Summer Olympics.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Jeff Carroll (soccer)",
"paragraph_text": "Jeff Carroll (born January 8, 1984 in Alexandria, Virginia) was an American soccer player who last played for Real Maryland Monarchs in the USL Second Division in 2009. In 2014, Jeff joined the DC United Academy as a coach of the U14 team.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "New York Jets",
"paragraph_text": "The team was founded in 1959 as the Titans of New York, an original member of the American Football League (AFL); later, the franchise joined the NFL in the AFL -- NFL merger in 1970. The team began to play in 1960 at the Polo Grounds. Under new ownership, the current name was adopted in 1963 and the franchise moved to Shea Stadium in 1964 and then to the Meadowlands Sports Complex in 1984. The Jets advanced to the playoffs for the first time in 1968 and went on to compete in Super Bowl III where they defeated the Baltimore Colts, becoming the first AFL team to defeat an NFL club in an AFL -- NFL World Championship Game. Since 1968, the Jets have appeared in the playoffs 13 times, and in the AFC Championship Game four times, most recently losing to the Pittsburgh Steelers in 2010. However, the Jets have never returned to the Super Bowl, making them one of three NFL teams to win their lone Super Bowl appearance, along with the New Orleans Saints and Tampa Bay Buccaneers. Apart from the Cleveland Browns and Detroit Lions, who have never reached the Super Bowl, the Jets' drought is the longest among current NFL franchises.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
When was the last time Jeff Paine's team went to the Superbowl?
|
[
{
"id": 806064,
"question": "Jeff Paine >> member of sports team",
"answer": "Kansas City Chiefs",
"paragraph_support_idx": 4
},
{
"id": 77937,
"question": "when was the last time #1 went to the superbowl",
"answer": "January 11, 1970",
"paragraph_support_idx": 12
}
] |
January 11, 1970
|
[] | true |
2hop__777932_77937
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Jim Henry (footballer, born 1975)",
"paragraph_text": "junior leagues with Lochee United. He returned to senior football in the summer of 2000, signing for Clyde. Henry never cemented his place as a first team regular at Clyde, and joined Stenhousemuir in March 2001. He went on to play for Forfar Athletic and Raith Rovers before returning to the juniors.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "New York Jets",
"paragraph_text": "The team was founded in 1959 as the Titans of New York, an original member of the American Football League (AFL); later, the franchise joined the NFL in the AFL -- NFL merger in 1970. The team began to play in 1960 at the Polo Grounds. Under new ownership, the current name was adopted in 1963 and the franchise moved to Shea Stadium in 1964 and then to the Meadowlands Sports Complex in 1984. The Jets advanced to the playoffs for the first time in 1968 and went on to compete in Super Bowl III where they defeated the Baltimore Colts, becoming the first AFL team to defeat an NFL club in an AFL -- NFL World Championship Game. Since 1968, the Jets have appeared in the playoffs 13 times, and in the AFC Championship Game four times, most recently losing to the Pittsburgh Steelers in 2010. However, the Jets have never returned to the Super Bowl, making them one of three NFL teams to win their lone Super Bowl appearance, along with the New Orleans Saints and Tampa Bay Buccaneers. Apart from the Cleveland Browns and Detroit Lions, who have never reached the Super Bowl (although both won NFL championships prior to 1966), the Jets' drought is the longest among current NFL franchises.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Cricket World Cup",
"paragraph_text": "The World Cup is open to all members of the International Cricket Council (ICC), although the highest - ranking teams receive automatic qualification. The remaining teams are determined via the World Cricket League and the ICC World Cup Qualifier. A total of twenty teams have competed in the eleven editions of the tournament, with fourteen competing in the latest edition in 2015; the next edition in 2019 will have only ten teams. Australia has won the tournament five times, with the West Indies, India (twice each), Pakistan and Sri Lanka (once each) also having won the tournament. The best performance by a non-full - member team came when Kenya made the semi-finals of the 2003 tournament. The tournament is the worlds 4th biggest sporting event behind the FIFA World Cup, Summer Olympics and the Rugby World Cup.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Craig Clyde",
"paragraph_text": "Craig Clyde is an American actor, screenplay writer, and film director. He lives in Salt Lake City and is the father of K. C. Clyde. He is a member of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Tuvalu",
"paragraph_text": "Football in Tuvalu is played at club and national team level. The Tuvalu national football team trains at the Tuvalu Sports Ground in Funafuti and competes in the Pacific Games. The Tuvalu National Football Association is an associate member of the Oceania Football Confederation (OFC) and is seeking membership in FIFA. The Tuvalu national futsal team participates in the Oceanian Futsal Championship.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "New York Jets",
"paragraph_text": "The team was founded in 1959 as the Titans of New York, an original member of the American Football League (AFL); later, the franchise joined the NFL in the AFL -- NFL merger in 1970. The team began to play in 1960 at the Polo Grounds. Under new ownership, the current name was adopted in 1963 and the franchise moved to Shea Stadium in 1964 and then to the Meadowlands Sports Complex in 1984. The Jets advanced to the playoffs for the first time in 1968 and went on to compete in Super Bowl III where they defeated the Baltimore Colts, becoming the first AFL team to defeat an NFL club in an AFL -- NFL World Championship Game. Since 1968, the Jets have appeared in the playoffs 13 times, and in the AFC Championship Game four times, most recently losing to the Pittsburgh Steelers in 2010. However, the Jets have never returned to the Super Bowl, making them one of three NFL teams to win their lone Super Bowl appearance, along with the New Orleans Saints and Tampa Bay Buccaneers.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Nicolas Vallar",
"paragraph_text": "Hiro Nicolas Vallar (born 22 October 1983) is a footballer from Papeete, Tahiti currently playing for A.S. Central Sport. He is a member of Tahiti national football team.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Los Tarcos Rugby Club",
"paragraph_text": "The rugby union team is member of the Unión de Rugby de Tucumán and one of the most successful teams in the province, having won the provincial title 12 times and having reached the final of the Nacional de Clubes once. Many Tarcos players went on to represent Argentina at international level, including Luis Molina, Marcelo Ricci, Pablo and Fernando Buabse, Sergio Bunader and Leonardo Gravano.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Irving Davis",
"paragraph_text": "Cyril Irving Davis (December 12, 1896 – June 27, 1958) was an American soccer full back who played professionally with Philadelphia Field Club in the American Soccer League (ASL) from 1924 to 1926. He was born in Stourport-on-Severn, England. Davis was a member of the U.S. soccer team at the 1924 Summer Olympics. He went on to earn five caps with the U.S. national team in 1924 and 1925. His first game with the U.S. national team came in the U.S. victory over Estonia at the 1924 Olympics. His last game came on June 27, 1926, a 1-0 loss to Canada. He later went on to play for Fairhill F.C.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "New York Jets",
"paragraph_text": "The team was founded in 1959 as the Titans of New York, an original member of the American Football League (AFL); later, the franchise joined the NFL in the AFL -- NFL merger in 1970. The team began to play in 1960 at the Polo Grounds. Under new ownership, the current name was adopted in 1963 and the franchise moved to Shea Stadium in 1964 and then to the Meadowlands Sports Complex in 1984. The Jets advanced to the playoffs for the first time in 1968 and went on to compete in Super Bowl III where they defeated the Baltimore Colts, becoming the first AFL team to defeat an NFL club in an AFL -- NFL World Championship Game. Since 1968, the Jets have appeared in the playoffs 13 times, and in the AFC Championship Game four times, most recently losing to the Pittsburgh Steelers in 2010. However, the Jets have never returned to the Super Bowl, making them one of three NFL teams to win their lone Super Bowl appearance, along with the New Orleans Saints and Tampa Bay Buccaneers. Apart from the Cleveland Browns and Detroit Lions, who have never reached the Super Bowl, the Jets' drought is the longest among current NFL franchises.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Olympiastadion (Berlin)",
"paragraph_text": "Olympiastadion () is a sports stadium at Olympiapark Berlin in Berlin, Germany. It was originally built by Werner March for the 1936 Summer Olympics. During the Olympics, the record attendance was thought to be over 100,000. Today the stadium is part of the Olympiapark Berlin.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "T&TEC Sports Club",
"paragraph_text": "The Trinidad and Tobago Electricity Commission Sports Club, often referred to as T&TEC Sports Club is a state-owned football team from Trinidad and Tobago based in Gooding Village and was a member of the TT Pro League, the highest level of football in Trinidad.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "King Kobra III",
"paragraph_text": "King Kobra III, released in 1988 on New Renaissance Records, was the first and last album by the Edwards, Michael-Phillips, Northrup, Hart and Appice line-up of King Kobra. After the demise of the original line-up, remaining members Carmine Appice and David Michael-Phillips teamed up with Johnny Edwards, Jeff Northrup and Larry Hart, all 3 members of the Sacramento, CA band Northrup at the time.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Super Dave: Daredevil for Hire",
"paragraph_text": "In the United States, the show premiered on September 12, 1992 on FOX. The series was cancelled after its first season, but a special based on the series titled \"The Super Dave Superbowl of Knowledge\" aired on January 29, 1994.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Kansas City Chiefs",
"paragraph_text": "The Chiefs have won three AFL championships, in 1962, 1966, and 1969 and became the second AFL team (after the New York Jets) to defeat an NFL team in an AFL -- NFL World Championship Game, when they defeated the Minnesota Vikings in Super Bowl IV. The team's victory on January 11, 1970, remains the club's last championship game victory and appearance to date, and occurred in the final such competition prior to the leagues' merger coming into full effect. The Chiefs were also the second team, after the Green Bay Packers, to appear in more than one Super Bowl (and the first AFL team to do so) and the first to appear in the championship game in two different decades.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Clyde Werner",
"paragraph_text": "Clyde Werner (born December 10, 1947) is a former American football linebacker who played six seasons in the National Football League for the Kansas City Chiefs. He played college football at the University of Washington and was drafted in the second round of the 1970 NFL Draft.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Clyde Emrich",
"paragraph_text": "Clyde Emrich (born April 6, 1931 Chicago, Illinois) is a former Olympic weightlifter for the United States. He was also a long-time strength coach for the Chicago Bears, who in 2008 named their weight room after him. He is a member of the Chicagoland Sports Hall of Fame.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Werner Weckert",
"paragraph_text": "Werner Weckert (born 23 August 1938) is a former Swiss cyclist. He competed in the team pursuit at the 1960 Summer Olympics.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "League of Nations",
"paragraph_text": "The composition of the Council was changed several times. The number of non-permanent members was first increased to six on 22 September 1922 and to nine on 8 September 1926. Werner Dankwort of Germany pushed for his country to join the League; joining in 1926, Germany became the fifth permanent member of the Council. Later, after Germany and Japan both left the League, the number of non-permanent seats was increased from nine to eleven, and the Soviet Union was made a permanent member giving the Council a total of fifteen members. The Council met, on average, five times a year and in extraordinary sessions when required. In total, 107 sessions were held between 1920 and 1939.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "The Curse of Clyde Langer",
"paragraph_text": "The Curse of Clyde Langer is a two-part story of \"The Sarah Jane Adventures\" which was broadcast on CBBC on 10 and 11 October 2011. It is the second story of the fifth and last series.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
When was the last time the the sports team having Clyde Werner went to the Super Bowl?
|
[
{
"id": 777932,
"question": "Clyde Werner >> member of sports team",
"answer": "Kansas City Chiefs",
"paragraph_support_idx": 15
},
{
"id": 77937,
"question": "when was the last time #1 went to the superbowl",
"answer": "January 11, 1970",
"paragraph_support_idx": 14
}
] |
January 11, 1970
|
[] | true |
2hop__754768_77937
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Super Dave: Daredevil for Hire",
"paragraph_text": "In the United States, the show premiered on September 12, 1992 on FOX. The series was cancelled after its first season, but a special based on the series titled \"The Super Dave Superbowl of Knowledge\" aired on January 29, 1994.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "New York Jets",
"paragraph_text": "The team was founded in 1959 as the Titans of New York, an original member of the American Football League (AFL); later, the franchise joined the NFL in the AFL -- NFL merger in 1970. The team began to play in 1960 at the Polo Grounds. Under new ownership, the current name was adopted in 1963 and the franchise moved to Shea Stadium in 1964 and then to the Meadowlands Sports Complex in 1984. The Jets advanced to the playoffs for the first time in 1968 and went on to compete in Super Bowl III where they defeated the Baltimore Colts, becoming the first AFL team to defeat an NFL club in an AFL -- NFL World Championship Game. Since 1968, the Jets have appeared in the playoffs 13 times, and in the AFC Championship Game four times, most recently losing to the Pittsburgh Steelers in 2010. However, the Jets have never returned to the Super Bowl, making them one of three NFL teams to win their lone Super Bowl appearance, along with the New Orleans Saints and Tampa Bay Buccaneers.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "T&TEC Sports Club",
"paragraph_text": "The Trinidad and Tobago Electricity Commission Sports Club, often referred to as T&TEC Sports Club is a state-owned football team from Trinidad and Tobago based in Gooding Village and was a member of the TT Pro League, the highest level of football in Trinidad.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "The Lively Set",
"paragraph_text": "The Lively Set is a 1964 American In Color action drama sport film directed by Jack Arnold and starring James Darren, Pamela Tiffin, Doug McClure and Joanie Sommers.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Buffalo Sabres",
"paragraph_text": "The Buffalo Sabres are a professional ice hockey team based in Buffalo, New York. They are members of the Atlantic Division of the Eastern Conference of the National Hockey League (NHL). The team was established in 1970, along with the Vancouver Canucks, when the league expanded to 14 teams. They have played at KeyBank Center since 1996. Prior to that, the Buffalo Sabres played at the Buffalo Memorial Auditorium from the start of the franchise in 1970. The Sabres are owned by Terry Pegula, who purchased the club in 2011.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Kabaddi",
"paragraph_text": "Kabaddi Kabaddi game Highest governing body International Kabaddi Federation Nicknames Kaudi, Pakaada, Hadudu, Bhavatik, Saadukuda, Hu - Tu - Tu, Himoshika, sadugudu Characteristics Contact Permitted Team members 7 (per side) Mixed gender Yes, separate competitions Type Team sport, Contact sport Equipment None Venue Kabaddi court Presence Country or region Indian Subcontinent tamilnadu Olympic Demonstration sport: 1936 Olympics",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Nicolas Vallar",
"paragraph_text": "Hiro Nicolas Vallar (born 22 October 1983) is a footballer from Papeete, Tahiti currently playing for A.S. Central Sport. He is a member of Tahiti national football team.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Cool Runnings",
"paragraph_text": "Cool Runnings is a 1993 American comedy sports film directed by Jon Turteltaub and starring Leon, Doug E. Doug, Rawle D. Lewis, Malik Yoba, and John Candy. The film was released in the United States on October 1, 1993. It was Candy's last film to be released during his lifetime. It is loosely based on the true story of the Jamaica national bobsleigh team's debut in competition during the 1988 Winter Olympics in Calgary, Alberta, Canada. The film received positive reviews, and the film's soundtrack also became popular with Jimmy Cliff's cover of ``I Can See Clearly Now ''reaching the top 40 as a single in nations such as Canada, France, and the UK.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Los Tarcos Rugby Club",
"paragraph_text": "The rugby union team is member of the Unión de Rugby de Tucumán and one of the most successful teams in the province, having won the provincial title 12 times and having reached the final of the Nacional de Clubes once. Many Tarcos players went on to represent Argentina at international level, including Luis Molina, Marcelo Ricci, Pablo and Fernando Buabse, Sergio Bunader and Leonardo Gravano.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Kansas City Chiefs",
"paragraph_text": "The Chiefs have won three AFL championships, in 1962, 1966, and 1969 and became the second AFL team (after the New York Jets) to defeat an NFL team in an AFL -- NFL World Championship Game, when they defeated the Minnesota Vikings in Super Bowl IV. The team's victory on January 11, 1970, remains the club's last championship game victory and appearance to date, and occurred in the final such competition prior to the leagues' merger coming into full effect. The Chiefs were also the second team, after the Green Bay Packers, to appear in more than one Super Bowl (and the first AFL team to do so) and the first to appear in the championship game in two different decades.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Doug Naysmith",
"paragraph_text": "Doug Naysmith was born in Musselburgh, Scotland, and attended the local Burgh School before attending the independent George Heriot's School in Edinburgh. He went on to study at the University of Edinburgh where he was awarded a Bachelor of Science degree in Zoology before going on to complete a Doctorate in Immunology. He went on to research at Yale University in New Haven, Connecticut, USA.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "King Kobra III",
"paragraph_text": "King Kobra III, released in 1988 on New Renaissance Records, was the first and last album by the Edwards, Michael-Phillips, Northrup, Hart and Appice line-up of King Kobra. After the demise of the original line-up, remaining members Carmine Appice and David Michael-Phillips teamed up with Johnny Edwards, Jeff Northrup and Larry Hart, all 3 members of the Sacramento, CA band Northrup at the time.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Irving Davis",
"paragraph_text": "Cyril Irving Davis (December 12, 1896 – June 27, 1958) was an American soccer full back who played professionally with Philadelphia Field Club in the American Soccer League (ASL) from 1924 to 1926. He was born in Stourport-on-Severn, England. Davis was a member of the U.S. soccer team at the 1924 Summer Olympics. He went on to earn five caps with the U.S. national team in 1924 and 1925. His first game with the U.S. national team came in the U.S. victory over Estonia at the 1924 Olympics. His last game came on June 27, 1926, a 1-0 loss to Canada. He later went on to play for Fairhill F.C.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Henry Terry",
"paragraph_text": "Henry Terry (27 May 1868 – 27 July 1952) was a member of the silver medal winning French cricket team at the 1900 Summer Olympics, the only time to date that cricket has featured in the Olympics. In the only game against Great Britain, he scored two runs in the French first innings, and one in their second.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Doug Terry",
"paragraph_text": "Douglas Maurice \"Doug\" Terry (born February 10, 1968) is a former professional American football player who played defensive back for four seasons for the Kansas City Chiefs.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Bloodrock U.S.A.",
"paragraph_text": "Bloodrock U.S.A. is the fourth album by the Texan rock band Bloodrock, released under Capitol Records in October 1971. The album was the first produced by the band alone without Terry Knight and the last studio album to feature original members Jim Rutledge (vocals) and Lee Pickens (lead guitar).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "New York Jets",
"paragraph_text": "The team was founded in 1959 as the Titans of New York, an original member of the American Football League (AFL); later, the franchise joined the NFL in the AFL -- NFL merger in 1970. The team began to play in 1960 at the Polo Grounds. Under new ownership, the current name was adopted in 1963 and the franchise moved to Shea Stadium in 1964 and then to the Meadowlands Sports Complex in 1984. The Jets advanced to the playoffs for the first time in 1968 and went on to compete in Super Bowl III where they defeated the Baltimore Colts, becoming the first AFL team to defeat an NFL club in an AFL -- NFL World Championship Game. Since 1968, the Jets have appeared in the playoffs 13 times, and in the AFC Championship Game four times, most recently losing to the Pittsburgh Steelers in 2010. However, the Jets have never returned to the Super Bowl, making them one of three NFL teams to win their lone Super Bowl appearance, along with the New Orleans Saints and Tampa Bay Buccaneers. Apart from the Cleveland Browns and Detroit Lions, who have never reached the Super Bowl (although both won NFL championships prior to 1966), the Jets' drought is the longest among current NFL franchises.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Cricket World Cup",
"paragraph_text": "The World Cup is open to all members of the International Cricket Council (ICC), although the highest - ranking teams receive automatic qualification. The remaining teams are determined via the World Cricket League and the ICC World Cup Qualifier. A total of twenty teams have competed in the eleven editions of the tournament, with fourteen competing in the latest edition in 2015; the next edition in 2019 will have only ten teams. Australia has won the tournament five times, with the West Indies, India (twice each), Pakistan and Sri Lanka (once each) also having won the tournament. The best performance by a non-full - member team came when Kenya made the semi-finals of the 2003 tournament. The tournament is the worlds 4th biggest sporting event behind the FIFA World Cup, Summer Olympics and the Rugby World Cup.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Terry Vance",
"paragraph_text": "Terry Vance (born November 26, 1953 in Bristol, Virginia) is an American former professional motorcycle drag racer, racing team owner and manufacturer of high performance parts for motorcycles. He is a fourteen-time motorcycle drag racing national champion.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Cool Runnings",
"paragraph_text": "Cool Runnings is a 1993 American comedy sports film directed by Jon Turteltaub and starring Leon, Doug E. Doug, Rawle D. Lewis, Malik Yoba, and John Candy. The film was released in the United States on October 1, 1993. It was Candy's last film to be released during his lifetime. It is loosely based on the true story of the Jamaica national bobsleigh team's debut in competition during the 1988 Winter Olympics in Calgary, Alberta, Canada. The film received positive reviews, and the film's soundtrack also became popular with Jimmy Cliff's cover of \"I Can See Clearly Now\" reaching the top 40 as a single in nations such as Canada, France, and the UK.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
When was the last time Doug Terry's team went to the superbowl?
|
[
{
"id": 754768,
"question": "Doug Terry >> member of sports team",
"answer": "Kansas City Chiefs",
"paragraph_support_idx": 14
},
{
"id": 77937,
"question": "when was the last time #1 went to the superbowl",
"answer": "January 11, 1970",
"paragraph_support_idx": 9
}
] |
January 11, 1970
|
[] | true |
2hop__199858_77937
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Wilberforce Mfum",
"paragraph_text": "Wilberforce \"Willie\" Mfum is a retired Ghanaian football (soccer) forward who played professionally in Ghana and the United States. He was a member of the Ghanaian Olympic soccer team at the 1964 Summer Olympics.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "T&TEC Sports Club",
"paragraph_text": "The Trinidad and Tobago Electricity Commission Sports Club, often referred to as T&TEC Sports Club is a state-owned football team from Trinidad and Tobago based in Gooding Village and was a member of the TT Pro League, the highest level of football in Trinidad.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Easy (Kelly Willis album)",
"paragraph_text": "Easy is the fifth album by Kelly Willis. It was released on Rykodisc in 2002. The album went to number 29 on Top Country Albums.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "You Don't Forget Such a Girl",
"paragraph_text": "You Don't Forget Such a Girl (German: So ein Mädel vergißt man nicht) is a 1932 Austrian-German romantic comedy film directed by Fritz Kortner and starring Willi Forst, Dolly Haas and Oskar Sima. It was the last film made by Kortner before he went into exile following the Nazi takeover of 1933.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Willie Ellison",
"paragraph_text": "William Henry Ellison (November 1, 1945 – March 11, 2019) was an American football running back who played eight seasons in the National Football League for the Los Angeles Rams and the Kansas City Chiefs. Sporting #33, he spent his first four seasons in the NFL as backup behind Larry Smith, before taking over as starting tailback in 1971. On December 5, 1971 against the New Orleans Saints he rushed 26 times for 247 yards thus breaking Cookie Gilchrist's pro football record of 243 yards. The NFL record at the time was held by Jim Brown, who ran 237 against the Los Angeles Rams in 1957. Ellison was subsequently named NFL Offensive Player of the Week by the \"Associated Press\". Ellison went on to the Pro Bowl after the 1971 NFL season. He played college football at Texas Southern. He lived in Pearland, TX working as a substitute teacher in the Pearland ISD area.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "King Kobra III",
"paragraph_text": "King Kobra III, released in 1988 on New Renaissance Records, was the first and last album by the Edwards, Michael-Phillips, Northrup, Hart and Appice line-up of King Kobra. After the demise of the original line-up, remaining members Carmine Appice and David Michael-Phillips teamed up with Johnny Edwards, Jeff Northrup and Larry Hart, all 3 members of the Sacramento, CA band Northrup at the time.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Boston Celtics",
"paragraph_text": "With Bill Russell, the Celtics advanced to the 1957 NBA Finals and defeated the St. Louis Hawks in seven games, giving the Celtics the first of their record 17 championships. Russell went on to win 11 championships, making him the most decorated player in NBA history. In 1958, the Celtics again advanced to the NBA Finals, this time losing to the Hawks in 6 games. However, with the acquisition of K.C. Jones that year, the Celtics began a dynasty that would last for more than a decade. In 1959, the Celtics won the NBA Championship after sweeping the Minneapolis Lakers, the first of their record eight consecutive championships. During that time, the Celtics met the Lakers in the Finals five times, starting an intense and often bitter rivalry that has spanned generations. In 1964, the Celtics became the first NBA team to have an all African - American starting lineup. On December 26, 1964, Willie Naulls replaced an injured Tommy Heinsohn, joining Tom 'Satch' Sanders, K.C. Jones, Sam Jones, and Bill Russell in the starting lineup. The Celtics defeated St. Louis 97 -- 84. Boston won its next 11 games with Naulls starting in place of Heinsohn. The Celtics of the late - 1950s -- 1960s are widely considered as one of the most dominant teams of all time.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Willie Davies",
"paragraph_text": "Willie Davies (23 August 1916 – 26 September 2002) was a Welsh international dual-code rugby fly half who played rugby union for Swansea and rugby league for Bradford Northern. He won six caps for the Wales rugby union team and nine caps for the Wales rugby league side. In 2003 he was inducted into the Welsh Sports Hall of Fame.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "New York Jets",
"paragraph_text": "The team was founded in 1959 as the Titans of New York, an original member of the American Football League (AFL); later, the franchise joined the NFL in the AFL -- NFL merger in 1970. The team began to play in 1960 at the Polo Grounds. Under new ownership, the current name was adopted in 1963 and the franchise moved to Shea Stadium in 1964 and then to the Meadowlands Sports Complex in 1984. The Jets advanced to the playoffs for the first time in 1968 and went on to compete in Super Bowl III where they defeated the Baltimore Colts, becoming the first AFL team to defeat an NFL club in an AFL -- NFL World Championship Game. Since 1968, the Jets have appeared in the playoffs 13 times, and in the AFC Championship Game four times, most recently losing to the Pittsburgh Steelers in 2010. However, the Jets have never returned to the Super Bowl, making them one of three NFL teams to win their lone Super Bowl appearance, along with the New Orleans Saints and Tampa Bay Buccaneers.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Nicolas Vallar",
"paragraph_text": "Hiro Nicolas Vallar (born 22 October 1983) is a footballer from Papeete, Tahiti currently playing for A.S. Central Sport. He is a member of Tahiti national football team.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "She Went to the Races",
"paragraph_text": "She Went to the Races is a 1945 American comedy film directed by Willis Goldbeck and starring James Craig, Frances Gifford and Ava Gardner. The screenplay concerns a team of scientists who discover a seemingly foolproof way of discovering the winner of horse races.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Fire, Ice and Dynamite",
"paragraph_text": "Fire, Ice and Dynamite (German original title Feuer, Eis und Dynamit) is a German feature length sports film directed by Willy Bogner in 1990. It a sequel to \"Fire and Ice\". The screenplay was written by Tony Williamson, based on an original story by Willy Bogner.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Super Dave: Daredevil for Hire",
"paragraph_text": "In the United States, the show premiered on September 12, 1992 on FOX. The series was cancelled after its first season, but a special based on the series titled \"The Super Dave Superbowl of Knowledge\" aired on January 29, 1994.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Irving Davis",
"paragraph_text": "Cyril Irving Davis (December 12, 1896 – June 27, 1958) was an American soccer full back who played professionally with Philadelphia Field Club in the American Soccer League (ASL) from 1924 to 1926. He was born in Stourport-on-Severn, England. Davis was a member of the U.S. soccer team at the 1924 Summer Olympics. He went on to earn five caps with the U.S. national team in 1924 and 1925. His first game with the U.S. national team came in the U.S. victory over Estonia at the 1924 Olympics. His last game came on June 27, 1926, a 1-0 loss to Canada. He later went on to play for Fairhill F.C.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Forgiving You Was Easy",
"paragraph_text": "\"Forgiving You Was Easy\" is a song written and recorded by American country music artist Willie Nelson. It was released in February 1985 as the first single from the album \"Me & Paul\". \"Forgiving You Was Easy\" was Willie Nelson's tenth number one single as a solo artist. The single went to number one for one week and spent fourteen weeks on the country chart.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "BFW M.35",
"paragraph_text": "The BFW M.35, sometimes known as the Messerschmitt M 35, was a German sports plane of the early 1930s. It was the last of a line designed by Willy Messerschmitt.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "New York Jets",
"paragraph_text": "The team was founded in 1959 as the Titans of New York, an original member of the American Football League (AFL); later, the franchise joined the NFL in the AFL -- NFL merger in 1970. The team began to play in 1960 at the Polo Grounds. Under new ownership, the current name was adopted in 1963 and the franchise moved to Shea Stadium in 1964 and then to the Meadowlands Sports Complex in 1984. The Jets advanced to the playoffs for the first time in 1968 and went on to compete in Super Bowl III where they defeated the Baltimore Colts, becoming the first AFL team to defeat an NFL club in an AFL -- NFL World Championship Game. Since 1968, the Jets have appeared in the playoffs 13 times, and in the AFC Championship Game four times, most recently losing to the Pittsburgh Steelers in 2010. However, the Jets have never returned to the Super Bowl, making them one of three NFL teams to win their lone Super Bowl appearance, along with the New Orleans Saints and Tampa Bay Buccaneers. Apart from the Cleveland Browns and Detroit Lions, who have never reached the Super Bowl, the Jets' drought is the longest among current NFL franchises.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Kansas City Chiefs",
"paragraph_text": "The Chiefs have won three AFL championships, in 1962, 1966, and 1969 and became the second AFL team (after the New York Jets) to defeat an NFL team in an AFL -- NFL World Championship Game, when they defeated the Minnesota Vikings in Super Bowl IV. The team's victory on January 11, 1970, remains the club's last championship game victory and appearance to date, and occurred in the final such competition prior to the leagues' merger coming into full effect. The Chiefs were also the second team, after the Green Bay Packers, to appear in more than one Super Bowl (and the first AFL team to do so) and the first to appear in the championship game in two different decades.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Kabaddi",
"paragraph_text": "Kabaddi Kabaddi game Highest governing body International Kabaddi Federation Nicknames Kaudi, Pakaada, Hadudu, Bhavatik, Saadukuda, Hu - Tu - Tu, Himoshika, sadugudu Characteristics Contact Permitted Team members 7 (per side) Mixed gender Yes, separate competitions Type Team sport, Contact sport Equipment None Venue Kabaddi court Presence Country or region Indian Subcontinent tamilnadu Olympic Demonstration sport: 1936 Olympics",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Last of the Wild Horses",
"paragraph_text": "Last of the Wild Horses is a 1948 American Western film directed by Robert L. Lippert and starring James Ellison, Mary Beth Hughes and Jane Frazee.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
When was the most recent Super Bowl Willie Ellison's team played in?
|
[
{
"id": 199858,
"question": "Willie Ellison >> member of sports team",
"answer": "Kansas City Chiefs",
"paragraph_support_idx": 4
},
{
"id": 77937,
"question": "when was the last time #1 went to the superbowl",
"answer": "January 11, 1970",
"paragraph_support_idx": 17
}
] |
January 11, 1970
|
[] | true |
2hop__757943_77937
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "King Kobra III",
"paragraph_text": "King Kobra III, released in 1988 on New Renaissance Records, was the first and last album by the Edwards, Michael-Phillips, Northrup, Hart and Appice line-up of King Kobra. After the demise of the original line-up, remaining members Carmine Appice and David Michael-Phillips teamed up with Johnny Edwards, Jeff Northrup and Larry Hart, all 3 members of the Sacramento, CA band Northrup at the time.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Abby Bishop",
"paragraph_text": "Abby Bishop (born 29 November 1988) is an Australian professional basketball forward/center who last played for the Seattle Storm of the Women's National Basketball Association (WNBA). In Australia, she has played for the Australian Institute of Sport from 2005–2006, the Canberra Capitals from 2006–2010, Dandenong Rangers from 2010–2011 Canberra Capitals. She is currently a member of the Adelaide Lightning (2016/2017). She is a member of the Australia women's national basketball team and won a gold medal during the 2007 Oceania World Qualifications series and a bronze medal at the 2012 Summer Olympics.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Kabaddi",
"paragraph_text": "Kabaddi Kabaddi game Highest governing body International Kabaddi Federation Nicknames Kaudi, Pakaada, Hadudu, Bhavatik, Saadukuda, Hu - Tu - Tu, Himoshika, sadugudu Characteristics Contact Permitted Team members 7 (per side) Mixed gender Yes, separate competitions Type Team sport, Contact sport Equipment None Venue Kabaddi court Presence Country or region Indian Subcontinent tamilnadu Olympic Demonstration sport: 1936 Olympics",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "New York Jets",
"paragraph_text": "The team was founded in 1959 as the Titans of New York, an original member of the American Football League (AFL); later, the franchise joined the NFL in the AFL -- NFL merger in 1970. The team began to play in 1960 at the Polo Grounds. Under new ownership, the current name was adopted in 1963 and the franchise moved to Shea Stadium in 1964 and then to the Meadowlands Sports Complex in 1984. The Jets advanced to the playoffs for the first time in 1968 and went on to compete in Super Bowl III where they defeated the Baltimore Colts, becoming the first AFL team to defeat an NFL club in an AFL -- NFL World Championship Game. Since 1968, the Jets have appeared in the playoffs 13 times, and in the AFC Championship Game four times, most recently losing to the Pittsburgh Steelers in 2010. However, the Jets have never returned to the Super Bowl, making them one of three NFL teams to win their lone Super Bowl appearance, along with the New Orleans Saints and Tampa Bay Buccaneers. Apart from the Cleveland Browns and Detroit Lions, who have never reached the Super Bowl, the Jets' drought is the longest among current NFL franchises.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "New York Jets",
"paragraph_text": "The team was founded in 1959 as the Titans of New York, an original member of the American Football League (AFL); later, the franchise joined the NFL in the AFL -- NFL merger in 1970. The team began to play in 1960 at the Polo Grounds. Under new ownership, the current name was adopted in 1963 and the franchise moved to Shea Stadium in 1964 and then to the Meadowlands Sports Complex in 1984. The Jets advanced to the playoffs for the first time in 1968 and went on to compete in Super Bowl III where they defeated the Baltimore Colts, becoming the first AFL team to defeat an NFL club in an AFL -- NFL World Championship Game. Since 1968, the Jets have appeared in the playoffs 13 times, and in the AFC Championship Game four times, most recently losing to the Pittsburgh Steelers in 2010. However, the Jets have never returned to the Super Bowl, making them one of three NFL teams to win their lone Super Bowl appearance, along with the New Orleans Saints and Tampa Bay Buccaneers.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Nicolas Vallar",
"paragraph_text": "Hiro Nicolas Vallar (born 22 October 1983) is a footballer from Papeete, Tahiti currently playing for A.S. Central Sport. He is a member of Tahiti national football team.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "New York Jets",
"paragraph_text": "The team was founded in 1959 as the Titans of New York, an original member of the American Football League (AFL); later, the franchise joined the NFL in the AFL -- NFL merger in 1970. The team began to play in 1960 at the Polo Grounds. Under new ownership, the current name was adopted in 1963 and the franchise moved to Shea Stadium in 1964 and then to the Meadowlands Sports Complex in 1984. The Jets advanced to the playoffs for the first time in 1968 and went on to compete in Super Bowl III where they defeated the Baltimore Colts, becoming the first AFL team to defeat an NFL club in an AFL -- NFL World Championship Game. Since 1968, the Jets have appeared in the playoffs 13 times, and in the AFC Championship Game four times, most recently losing to the Pittsburgh Steelers in 2010. However, the Jets have never returned to the Super Bowl, making them one of three NFL teams to win their lone Super Bowl appearance, along with the New Orleans Saints and Tampa Bay Buccaneers. Apart from the Cleveland Browns and Detroit Lions, who have never reached the Super Bowl (although both won NFL championships prior to 1966), the Jets' drought is the longest among current NFL franchises.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "The Chronicles of Narnia: The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe",
"paragraph_text": "Tilda Swinton as Jadis, the White Witch, who holds Narnia under an eternal winter without Christmas or Spring or Summer.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "T&TEC Sports Club",
"paragraph_text": "The Trinidad and Tobago Electricity Commission Sports Club, often referred to as T&TEC Sports Club is a state-owned football team from Trinidad and Tobago based in Gooding Village and was a member of the TT Pro League, the highest level of football in Trinidad.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Super Dave: Daredevil for Hire",
"paragraph_text": "In the United States, the show premiered on September 12, 1992 on FOX. The series was cancelled after its first season, but a special based on the series titled \"The Super Dave Superbowl of Knowledge\" aired on January 29, 1994.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Tuvalu",
"paragraph_text": "Football in Tuvalu is played at club and national team level. The Tuvalu national football team trains at the Tuvalu Sports Ground in Funafuti and competes in the Pacific Games. The Tuvalu National Football Association is an associate member of the Oceania Football Confederation (OFC) and is seeking membership in FIFA. The Tuvalu national futsal team participates in the Oceanian Futsal Championship.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Eliel Swinton",
"paragraph_text": "Eliel Swinton (born March 27, 1975) played running back Wendell Brown in the 1999 film \"Varsity Blues\" and is a former professional football player with the Kansas City Chiefs. He was nationally ranked as a high school football player at Montclair Prep and then played his college football at Stanford University. He signed on as an undrafted free agent to play with the Chiefs. His playing days were cut short by injury and he moved back to California to do production assistant work.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "L'Équipe",
"paragraph_text": "L'Équipe (, French for \"the team\") is a French nationwide daily newspaper devoted to sport, owned by Éditions Philippe Amaury. The paper is noted for coverage of association football, rugby, motorsport and cycling. Its predecessor was \"L'Auto\", a general sports paper whose name reflected not any narrow interest but the excitement of the time in car racing.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Eliel House",
"paragraph_text": "The Eliel House is a house at 4122 South Ellis Avenue in Chicago, Illinois, United States. The house was built in 1886 by Adler & Sullivan for Mathilde Eliel. It was designated a Chicago Landmark on October 2, 1991.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Anne, Princess Royal",
"paragraph_text": "At the age of 21, Anne won the individual title at the European Eventing Championship, and was voted the BBC Sports Personality of the Year in 1971. For more than five years, she also competed with the British eventing team, winning a silver medal in both individual and team disciplines in the 1975 European Eventing Championship, riding the home - bred Doublet. The following year, Anne participated in the 1976 Olympic Games in Montreal as a member of the British team, riding the Queen's horse, Goodwill. Anne assumed the Presidency of the Fédération Équestre Internationale from 1986 until 1994. On 5 February 1987, she became the first member of the Royal Family to appear as a contestant on a television quiz - show when she competed on the BBC panel game A Question of Sport.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Los Tarcos Rugby Club",
"paragraph_text": "The rugby union team is member of the Unión de Rugby de Tucumán and one of the most successful teams in the province, having won the provincial title 12 times and having reached the final of the Nacional de Clubes once. Many Tarcos players went on to represent Argentina at international level, including Luis Molina, Marcelo Ricci, Pablo and Fernando Buabse, Sergio Bunader and Leonardo Gravano.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Kansas City Chiefs",
"paragraph_text": "The Chiefs have won three AFL championships, in 1962, 1966, and 1969 and became the second AFL team (after the New York Jets) to defeat an NFL team in an AFL -- NFL World Championship Game, when they defeated the Minnesota Vikings in Super Bowl IV. The team's victory on January 11, 1970, remains the club's last championship game victory and appearance to date, and occurred in the final such competition prior to the leagues' merger coming into full effect. The Chiefs were also the second team, after the Green Bay Packers, to appear in more than one Super Bowl (and the first AFL team to do so) and the first to appear in the championship game in two different decades.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Zhaneta Ilieva",
"paragraph_text": "Zhaneta Tosheva Ilieva (; born October 3, 1984 in Veliko Tarnovo) is a retired Bulgarian rhythmic gymnast. She is a two-time member of the Bulgarian rhythmic gymnastics team at the World Championships, and contributed to a silver medal in the group all-around in 2003. The following year, at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, Ilieva helped her squad claim a bronze medal in the same program before her official retirement from the sport.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Samantha Prahalis",
"paragraph_text": "Samantha Prahalis (born January 23, 1990 in Commack, New York) is an American basketball player who last played for the Los Angeles Sparks of the WNBA and currently for the Sardinian team CUS Cagliari. She went to Commack High School and played collegiately for Ohio State.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Irving Davis",
"paragraph_text": "Cyril Irving Davis (December 12, 1896 – June 27, 1958) was an American soccer full back who played professionally with Philadelphia Field Club in the American Soccer League (ASL) from 1924 to 1926. He was born in Stourport-on-Severn, England. Davis was a member of the U.S. soccer team at the 1924 Summer Olympics. He went on to earn five caps with the U.S. national team in 1924 and 1925. His first game with the U.S. national team came in the U.S. victory over Estonia at the 1924 Olympics. His last game came on June 27, 1926, a 1-0 loss to Canada. He later went on to play for Fairhill F.C.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
When was the last time the team that Eliel Swinton was on went to the superbowl?
|
[
{
"id": 757943,
"question": "Eliel Swinton >> member of sports team",
"answer": "Kansas City Chiefs",
"paragraph_support_idx": 11
},
{
"id": 77937,
"question": "when was the last time #1 went to the superbowl",
"answer": "January 11, 1970",
"paragraph_support_idx": 16
}
] |
January 11, 1970
|
[] | true |
2hop__453116_77937
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Kansas City Chiefs",
"paragraph_text": "The Chiefs have won three AFL championships, in 1962, 1966, and 1969 and became the second AFL team (after the New York Jets) to defeat an NFL team in an AFL -- NFL World Championship Game, when they defeated the Minnesota Vikings in Super Bowl IV. The team's victory on January 11, 1970, remains the club's last championship game victory and appearance to date, and occurred in the final such competition prior to the leagues' merger coming into full effect. The Chiefs were also the second team, after the Green Bay Packers, to appear in more than one Super Bowl (and the first AFL team to do so) and the first to appear in the championship game in two different decades.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Zhaneta Ilieva",
"paragraph_text": "Zhaneta Tosheva Ilieva (; born October 3, 1984 in Veliko Tarnovo) is a retired Bulgarian rhythmic gymnast. She is a two-time member of the Bulgarian rhythmic gymnastics team at the World Championships, and contributed to a silver medal in the group all-around in 2003. The following year, at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, Ilieva helped her squad claim a bronze medal in the same program before her official retirement from the sport.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Cricket World Cup",
"paragraph_text": "The World Cup is open to all members of the International Cricket Council (ICC), although the highest - ranking teams receive automatic qualification. The remaining teams are determined via the World Cricket League and the ICC World Cup Qualifier. A total of twenty teams have competed in the eleven editions of the tournament, with fourteen competing in the latest edition in 2015; the next edition in 2019 will have only ten teams. Australia has won the tournament five times, with the West Indies, India (twice each), Pakistan and Sri Lanka (once each) also having won the tournament. The best performance by a non-full - member team came when Kenya made the semi-finals of the 2003 tournament. The tournament is the worlds 4th biggest sporting event behind the FIFA World Cup, Summer Olympics and the Rugby World Cup.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Associated Press NFL Coach of the Year Award",
"paragraph_text": "Don Shula has won the most AP NFL Coach of the Year awards, receiving four during his 33 - year head coaching career: three with the Baltimore Colts and one with the Miami Dolphins. Chuck Knox and Bill Belichick have each been awarded three times. The incumbent AP NFL Coach of the Year is Sean McVay, who led the Los Angeles Rams to the playoffs after a surprising turnaround, inheriting a team that went 4 - 12 the previous year and led them to an 11 - 5 record and division crown.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Nicolas Vallar",
"paragraph_text": "Hiro Nicolas Vallar (born 22 October 1983) is a footballer from Papeete, Tahiti currently playing for A.S. Central Sport. He is a member of Tahiti national football team.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Abby Bishop",
"paragraph_text": "Abby Bishop (born 29 November 1988) is an Australian professional basketball forward/center who last played for the Seattle Storm of the Women's National Basketball Association (WNBA). In Australia, she has played for the Australian Institute of Sport from 2005–2006, the Canberra Capitals from 2006–2010, Dandenong Rangers from 2010–2011 Canberra Capitals. She is currently a member of the Adelaide Lightning (2016/2017). She is a member of the Australia women's national basketball team and won a gold medal during the 2007 Oceania World Qualifications series and a bronze medal at the 2012 Summer Olympics.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Samantha Prahalis",
"paragraph_text": "Samantha Prahalis (born January 23, 1990 in Commack, New York) is an American basketball player who last played for the Los Angeles Sparks of the WNBA and currently for the Sardinian team CUS Cagliari. She went to Commack High School and played collegiately for Ohio State.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Super Dave: Daredevil for Hire",
"paragraph_text": "In the United States, the show premiered on September 12, 1992 on FOX. The series was cancelled after its first season, but a special based on the series titled \"The Super Dave Superbowl of Knowledge\" aired on January 29, 1994.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "New York Jets",
"paragraph_text": "The team was founded in 1959 as the Titans of New York, an original member of the American Football League (AFL); later, the franchise joined the NFL in the AFL -- NFL merger in 1970. The team began to play in 1960 at the Polo Grounds. Under new ownership, the current name was adopted in 1963 and the franchise moved to Shea Stadium in 1964 and then to the Meadowlands Sports Complex in 1984. The Jets advanced to the playoffs for the first time in 1968 and went on to compete in Super Bowl III where they defeated the Baltimore Colts, becoming the first AFL team to defeat an NFL club in an AFL -- NFL World Championship Game. Since 1968, the Jets have appeared in the playoffs 13 times, and in the AFC Championship Game four times, most recently losing to the Pittsburgh Steelers in 2010. However, the Jets have never returned to the Super Bowl, making them one of three NFL teams to win their lone Super Bowl appearance, along with the New Orleans Saints and Tampa Bay Buccaneers.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Kabaddi",
"paragraph_text": "Kabaddi Kabaddi game Highest governing body International Kabaddi Federation Nicknames Kaudi, Pakaada, Hadudu, Bhavatik, Saadukuda, Hu - Tu - Tu, Himoshika, sadugudu Characteristics Contact Permitted Team members 7 (per side) Mixed gender Yes, separate competitions Type Team sport, Contact sport Equipment None Venue Kabaddi court Presence Country or region Indian Subcontinent tamilnadu Olympic Demonstration sport: 1936 Olympics",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Sean LaChapelle",
"paragraph_text": "Sean Paul LaChapelle is a former professional American football player who played wide receiver for two seasons for the Los Angeles Rams and Kansas City Chiefs. LaChapelle attended Vintage High School in Napa, California where he helped lead his team to a Sac-Joaquin Section title in his junior year. During his career at UCLA LaChapelle became one of the school's receivers catching 142 passes for 2,027 yards with 14 touchdowns. He was signed to the Chiefs after wide receiver Lake Dawson suffered a season-ending injury and was placed on injured reserve. LaChapelle was also the 1996 World League of American Football offensive MVP.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "King Kobra III",
"paragraph_text": "King Kobra III, released in 1988 on New Renaissance Records, was the first and last album by the Edwards, Michael-Phillips, Northrup, Hart and Appice line-up of King Kobra. After the demise of the original line-up, remaining members Carmine Appice and David Michael-Phillips teamed up with Johnny Edwards, Jeff Northrup and Larry Hart, all 3 members of the Sacramento, CA band Northrup at the time.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Tucson, Arizona",
"paragraph_text": "The University of Arizona Wildcats sports teams, most notably the men's basketball and women's softball teams have strong local interest. The men's basketball team, formerly coached by Hall of Fame head coach Lute Olson and currently coached by Sean Miller, has made 25 straight NCAA Tournaments and won the 1997 National Championship. Arizona's Softball team has reached the NCAA National Championship game 12 times and has won 8 times, most recently in 2007. The university's swim teams have gained international recognition, with swimmers coming from as far as Japan and Africa to train with the coach Frank Busch who has also worked with the U.S. Olympic swim team for a number of years. Both men and women's swim teams recently[when?] won the NCAA National Championships.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "New York Jets",
"paragraph_text": "The team was founded in 1959 as the Titans of New York, an original member of the American Football League (AFL); later, the franchise joined the NFL in the AFL -- NFL merger in 1970. The team began to play in 1960 at the Polo Grounds. Under new ownership, the current name was adopted in 1963 and the franchise moved to Shea Stadium in 1964 and then to the Meadowlands Sports Complex in 1984. The Jets advanced to the playoffs for the first time in 1968 and went on to compete in Super Bowl III where they defeated the Baltimore Colts, becoming the first AFL team to defeat an NFL club in an AFL -- NFL World Championship Game. Since 1968, the Jets have appeared in the playoffs 13 times, and in the AFC Championship Game four times, most recently losing to the Pittsburgh Steelers in 2010. However, the Jets have never returned to the Super Bowl, making them one of three NFL teams to win their lone Super Bowl appearance, along with the New Orleans Saints and Tampa Bay Buccaneers. Apart from the Cleveland Browns and Detroit Lions, who have never reached the Super Bowl (although both won NFL championships prior to 1966), the Jets' drought is the longest among current NFL franchises.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "New York Jets",
"paragraph_text": "The team was founded in 1959 as the Titans of New York, an original member of the American Football League (AFL); later, the franchise joined the NFL in the AFL -- NFL merger in 1970. The team began to play in 1960 at the Polo Grounds. Under new ownership, the current name was adopted in 1963 and the franchise moved to Shea Stadium in 1964 and then to the Meadowlands Sports Complex in 1984. The Jets advanced to the playoffs for the first time in 1968 and went on to compete in Super Bowl III where they defeated the Baltimore Colts, becoming the first AFL team to defeat an NFL club in an AFL -- NFL World Championship Game. Since 1968, the Jets have appeared in the playoffs 13 times, and in the AFC Championship Game four times, most recently losing to the Pittsburgh Steelers in 2010. However, the Jets have never returned to the Super Bowl, making them one of three NFL teams to win their lone Super Bowl appearance, along with the New Orleans Saints and Tampa Bay Buccaneers. Apart from the Cleveland Browns and Detroit Lions, who have never reached the Super Bowl, the Jets' drought is the longest among current NFL franchises.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Tuvalu",
"paragraph_text": "Football in Tuvalu is played at club and national team level. The Tuvalu national football team trains at the Tuvalu Sports Ground in Funafuti and competes in the Pacific Games. The Tuvalu National Football Association is an associate member of the Oceania Football Confederation (OFC) and is seeking membership in FIFA. The Tuvalu national futsal team participates in the Oceanian Futsal Championship.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Germany women's national football team",
"paragraph_text": "In 1955, the DFB decided to forbid women's football in all its clubs in West Germany. In its explanation, the DFB cited that \"this combative sport is fundamentally foreign to the nature of women\" and that \"body and soul would inevitably suffer damage\". Further, the \"display of the body violates etiquette and decency\". In spite of this ban, more than 150 unofficial international matches were played in the 1950s and 1960s. On 30 October 1970, the ban on women's football was lifted at the DFB annual convention.Other football associations had already formed official women's national teams in the 1970s, the DFB long remained uninvolved in women's football. In 1981, DFB official Horst R. Schmidt was invited to send a team to the unofficial women's football world championship. Schmidt accepted the invitation but hid the fact that West Germany had no women's national team at the time. To avoid humiliation, the DFB sent the German club champions Bergisch Gladbach 09, who went on to win the tournament. Seeing a need, the DFB established the women's national team in 1982. DFB president Hermann Neuberger appointed Gero Bisanz, an instructor at the Cologne Sports College, to set up the team.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Rocket Raccoon",
"paragraph_text": "Rocket Raccoon appeared as a prominent member in the 2008 relaunch of the superhero team Guardians of the Galaxy. The character has appeared in several media adaptations as a member of that team, including animated television series, toys, and video games. He appears in the 2014 live - action film Guardians of the Galaxy and its 2017 sequel, Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 2, with his voice provided by Bradley Cooper and motion capture provided by Sean Gunn.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Los Tarcos Rugby Club",
"paragraph_text": "The rugby union team is member of the Unión de Rugby de Tucumán and one of the most successful teams in the province, having won the provincial title 12 times and having reached the final of the Nacional de Clubes once. Many Tarcos players went on to represent Argentina at international level, including Luis Molina, Marcelo Ricci, Pablo and Fernando Buabse, Sergio Bunader and Leonardo Gravano.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "T&TEC Sports Club",
"paragraph_text": "The Trinidad and Tobago Electricity Commission Sports Club, often referred to as T&TEC Sports Club is a state-owned football team from Trinidad and Tobago based in Gooding Village and was a member of the TT Pro League, the highest level of football in Trinidad.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
When was the last time the team for which Sean LaChapelle played went to the Superbowl?
|
[
{
"id": 453116,
"question": "Sean LaChapelle >> member of sports team",
"answer": "Kansas City Chiefs",
"paragraph_support_idx": 10
},
{
"id": 77937,
"question": "when was the last time #1 went to the superbowl",
"answer": "January 11, 1970",
"paragraph_support_idx": 0
}
] |
January 11, 1970
|
[] | true |
2hop__445594_77937
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "UCLA Bruins men's basketball",
"paragraph_text": "The UCLA Bruins men's basketball program represents the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) in men's college basketball. Established in 1919, the program has won a record 11 NCAA titles, which is also tied with the Connecticut Huskies women's team for the most in all of college basketball. UCLA teams coached by John Wooden won 10 national titles in 12 seasons, from 1964 to 1975, including seven straight from 1967 to 1973. UCLA went undefeated a record four times, in 1964, 1967, 1972, and 1973. Coach Jim Harrick led the team to another NCAA title in 1995. Former coach Ben Howland led UCLA to three consecutive Final Four appearances from 2006 to 2008. As a member of the AAWU, Pacific - 8 and then Pacific - 10, UCLA set a NCAA Division I record with 13 consecutive regular season conference titles between 1967 and 1979 which stood until passed by Kansas in 2018. On March 30, 2013, Steve Alford was named the school's 13th head men's basketball coach.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Jim Tyrer",
"paragraph_text": "James Efflo Tyrer (February 25, 1939 – September 15, 1980) was an American football offensive tackle in the American Football League for the Dallas Texans/Kansas City Chiefs. He also played in the National Football League for the Chiefs and the Washington Redskins.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "King Kobra III",
"paragraph_text": "King Kobra III, released in 1988 on New Renaissance Records, was the first and last album by the Edwards, Michael-Phillips, Northrup, Hart and Appice line-up of King Kobra. After the demise of the original line-up, remaining members Carmine Appice and David Michael-Phillips teamed up with Johnny Edwards, Jeff Northrup and Larry Hart, all 3 members of the Sacramento, CA band Northrup at the time.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Bloodrock U.S.A.",
"paragraph_text": "Bloodrock U.S.A. is the fourth album by the Texan rock band Bloodrock, released under Capitol Records in October 1971. The album was the first produced by the band alone without Terry Knight and the last studio album to feature original members Jim Rutledge (vocals) and Lee Pickens (lead guitar).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Super Dave: Daredevil for Hire",
"paragraph_text": "In the United States, the show premiered on September 12, 1992 on FOX. The series was cancelled after its first season, but a special based on the series titled \"The Super Dave Superbowl of Knowledge\" aired on January 29, 1994.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Kansas City Chiefs",
"paragraph_text": "The Chiefs have won three AFL championships, in 1962, 1966, and 1969 and became the second AFL team (after the New York Jets) to defeat an NFL team in an AFL -- NFL World Championship Game, when they defeated the Minnesota Vikings in Super Bowl IV. The team's victory on January 11, 1970, remains the club's last championship game victory and appearance to date, and occurred in the final such competition prior to the leagues' merger coming into full effect. The Chiefs were also the second team, after the Green Bay Packers, to appear in more than one Super Bowl (and the first AFL team to do so) and the first to appear in the championship game in two different decades.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Jim Main",
"paragraph_text": "Jim Main (born 1943) is a sports journalist and writer from Australia. He is known especially for his coverage of Australian rules football e.g.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "The Jim Coleman Show",
"paragraph_text": "The Jim Coleman Show is a Canadian sports news television series which aired on CBC Television from 1959 to 1960. It was hosted by sports journalist Jim Coleman.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Nicolas Vallar",
"paragraph_text": "Hiro Nicolas Vallar (born 22 October 1983) is a footballer from Papeete, Tahiti currently playing for A.S. Central Sport. He is a member of Tahiti national football team.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Irving Davis",
"paragraph_text": "Cyril Irving Davis (December 12, 1896 – June 27, 1958) was an American soccer full back who played professionally with Philadelphia Field Club in the American Soccer League (ASL) from 1924 to 1926. He was born in Stourport-on-Severn, England. Davis was a member of the U.S. soccer team at the 1924 Summer Olympics. He went on to earn five caps with the U.S. national team in 1924 and 1925. His first game with the U.S. national team came in the U.S. victory over Estonia at the 1924 Olympics. His last game came on June 27, 1926, a 1-0 loss to Canada. He later went on to play for Fairhill F.C.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Abby Bishop",
"paragraph_text": "Abby Bishop (born 29 November 1988) is an Australian professional basketball forward/center who last played for the Seattle Storm of the Women's National Basketball Association (WNBA). In Australia, she has played for the Australian Institute of Sport from 2005–2006, the Canberra Capitals from 2006–2010, Dandenong Rangers from 2010–2011 Canberra Capitals. She is currently a member of the Adelaide Lightning (2016/2017). She is a member of the Australia women's national basketball team and won a gold medal during the 2007 Oceania World Qualifications series and a bronze medal at the 2012 Summer Olympics.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Philadelphia Union",
"paragraph_text": "The Philadelphia Union is an American professional soccer team based in Chester, Pennsylvania. The Union competes in Major League Soccer (MLS) as a member club of the league's Eastern Conference. The club began play in 2010 as an expansion team of the league. The club plays their home matches at Talen Energy Stadium, a soccer-specific stadium located in Chester on the banks of the Delaware River. Jim Curtin is the Union's head coach.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Germany women's national football team",
"paragraph_text": "In 1955, the DFB decided to forbid women's football in all its clubs in West Germany. In its explanation, the DFB cited that \"this combative sport is fundamentally foreign to the nature of women\" and that \"body and soul would inevitably suffer damage\". Further, the \"display of the body violates etiquette and decency\". In spite of this ban, more than 150 unofficial international matches were played in the 1950s and 1960s. On 30 October 1970, the ban on women's football was lifted at the DFB annual convention.Other football associations had already formed official women's national teams in the 1970s, the DFB long remained uninvolved in women's football. In 1981, DFB official Horst R. Schmidt was invited to send a team to the unofficial women's football world championship. Schmidt accepted the invitation but hid the fact that West Germany had no women's national team at the time. To avoid humiliation, the DFB sent the German club champions Bergisch Gladbach 09, who went on to win the tournament. Seeing a need, the DFB established the women's national team in 1982. DFB president Hermann Neuberger appointed Gero Bisanz, an instructor at the Cologne Sports College, to set up the team.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Cricket World Cup",
"paragraph_text": "The World Cup is open to all members of the International Cricket Council (ICC), although the highest - ranking teams receive automatic qualification. The remaining teams are determined via the World Cricket League and the ICC World Cup Qualifier. A total of twenty teams have competed in the eleven editions of the tournament, with fourteen competing in the latest edition in 2015; the next edition in 2019 will have only ten teams. Australia has won the tournament five times, with the West Indies, India (twice each), Pakistan and Sri Lanka (once each) also having won the tournament. The best performance by a non-full - member team came when Kenya made the semi-finals of the 2003 tournament. The tournament is the worlds 4th biggest sporting event behind the FIFA World Cup, Summer Olympics and the Rugby World Cup.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "New York Jets",
"paragraph_text": "The team was founded in 1959 as the Titans of New York, an original member of the American Football League (AFL); later, the franchise joined the NFL in the AFL -- NFL merger in 1970. The team began to play in 1960 at the Polo Grounds. Under new ownership, the current name was adopted in 1963 and the franchise moved to Shea Stadium in 1964 and then to the Meadowlands Sports Complex in 1984. The Jets advanced to the playoffs for the first time in 1968 and went on to compete in Super Bowl III where they defeated the Baltimore Colts, becoming the first AFL team to defeat an NFL club in an AFL -- NFL World Championship Game. Since 1968, the Jets have appeared in the playoffs 13 times, and in the AFC Championship Game four times, most recently losing to the Pittsburgh Steelers in 2010. However, the Jets have never returned to the Super Bowl, making them one of three NFL teams to win their lone Super Bowl appearance, along with the New Orleans Saints and Tampa Bay Buccaneers. Apart from the Cleveland Browns and Detroit Lions, who have never reached the Super Bowl, the Jets' drought is the longest among current NFL franchises.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "T&TEC Sports Club",
"paragraph_text": "The Trinidad and Tobago Electricity Commission Sports Club, often referred to as T&TEC Sports Club is a state-owned football team from Trinidad and Tobago based in Gooding Village and was a member of the TT Pro League, the highest level of football in Trinidad.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Kabaddi",
"paragraph_text": "Kabaddi Kabaddi game Highest governing body International Kabaddi Federation Nicknames Kaudi, Pakaada, Hadudu, Bhavatik, Saadukuda, Hu - Tu - Tu, Himoshika, sadugudu Characteristics Contact Permitted Team members 7 (per side) Mixed gender Yes, separate competitions Type Team sport, Contact sport Equipment None Venue Kabaddi court Presence Country or region Indian Subcontinent tamilnadu Olympic Demonstration sport: 1936 Olympics",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Los Tarcos Rugby Club",
"paragraph_text": "The rugby union team is member of the Unión de Rugby de Tucumán and one of the most successful teams in the province, having won the provincial title 12 times and having reached the final of the Nacional de Clubes once. Many Tarcos players went on to represent Argentina at international level, including Luis Molina, Marcelo Ricci, Pablo and Fernando Buabse, Sergio Bunader and Leonardo Gravano.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Tuvalu",
"paragraph_text": "Football in Tuvalu is played at club and national team level. The Tuvalu national football team trains at the Tuvalu Sports Ground in Funafuti and competes in the Pacific Games. The Tuvalu National Football Association is an associate member of the Oceania Football Confederation (OFC) and is seeking membership in FIFA. The Tuvalu national futsal team participates in the Oceanian Futsal Championship.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "New York Jets",
"paragraph_text": "The team was founded in 1959 as the Titans of New York, an original member of the American Football League (AFL); later, the franchise joined the NFL in the AFL -- NFL merger in 1970. The team began to play in 1960 at the Polo Grounds. Under new ownership, the current name was adopted in 1963 and the franchise moved to Shea Stadium in 1964 and then to the Meadowlands Sports Complex in 1984. The Jets advanced to the playoffs for the first time in 1968 and went on to compete in Super Bowl III where they defeated the Baltimore Colts, becoming the first AFL team to defeat an NFL club in an AFL -- NFL World Championship Game. Since 1968, the Jets have appeared in the playoffs 13 times, and in the AFC Championship Game four times, most recently losing to the Pittsburgh Steelers in 2010. However, the Jets have never returned to the Super Bowl, making them one of three NFL teams to win their lone Super Bowl appearance, along with the New Orleans Saints and Tampa Bay Buccaneers.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
When did the team which Jim Tyrer was a member of last go to the Super Bowl?
|
[
{
"id": 445594,
"question": "Jim Tyrer >> member of sports team",
"answer": "Kansas City Chiefs",
"paragraph_support_idx": 1
},
{
"id": 77937,
"question": "when was the last time #1 went to the superbowl",
"answer": "January 11, 1970",
"paragraph_support_idx": 5
}
] |
January 11, 1970
|
[] | true |
2hop__424086_77937
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Pat Moss",
"paragraph_text": "Pat Moss was born in Thames Ditton, Surrey, England, to British race car driver Alfred Moss and Aileen (née Craufurd). She grew up in Bray, Berkshire and was taught to drive at the age of 11 by her brother, Stirling. But she started her sporting career on horseback, becoming well known as a successful show-jumper and member of the British showjumping team. In 1953, aged 18, she started driving in club rallies after being introduced to the sport by boyfriend Ken Gregory, Stirling's manager. In 1954, Moss bought a Triumph TR2 and started rallying more seriously. She asked Standard-Triumph to cover her expenses to drive her TR2 on the 1955 RAC Rally, but they declined.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "National Football League Rookie of the Year Award",
"paragraph_text": "Season Player Team Position Ref 2013 Lacy, Eddie Eddie Lacy Green Bay Packers Running back 2014 Beckham Jr., Odell Odell Beckham Jr. New York Giants Wide receiver 2015 Gurley, Todd Todd Gurley St. Louis Rams Running back 2016 Elliott, Ezekiel Ezekiel Elliott Dallas Cowboys Running back",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "T&TEC Sports Club",
"paragraph_text": "The Trinidad and Tobago Electricity Commission Sports Club, often referred to as T&TEC Sports Club is a state-owned football team from Trinidad and Tobago based in Gooding Village and was a member of the TT Pro League, the highest level of football in Trinidad.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Serious Fun (Lester Bowie album)",
"paragraph_text": "Serious Fun is the first album by Lester Bowie recorded for the Japanese DIW label and the fourth album by his \"Brass Fantasy\" group. It was released in 1989 and features performances by Bowie, Vincent Chancey, Frank Lacy, Steve Turre, E. J. Allen, Gerald Brezel, Stanton Davis, Bob Stewart, Ken Crutchfield, Vinnie Johnson and Famoudou Don Moye.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "New York Jets",
"paragraph_text": "The team was founded in 1959 as the Titans of New York, an original member of the American Football League (AFL); later, the franchise joined the NFL in the AFL -- NFL merger in 1970. The team began to play in 1960 at the Polo Grounds. Under new ownership, the current name was adopted in 1963 and the franchise moved to Shea Stadium in 1964 and then to the Meadowlands Sports Complex in 1984. The Jets advanced to the playoffs for the first time in 1968 and went on to compete in Super Bowl III where they defeated the Baltimore Colts, becoming the first AFL team to defeat an NFL club in an AFL -- NFL World Championship Game. Since 1968, the Jets have appeared in the playoffs 13 times, and in the AFC Championship Game four times, most recently losing to the Pittsburgh Steelers in 2010. However, the Jets have never returned to the Super Bowl, making them one of three NFL teams to win their lone Super Bowl appearance, along with the New Orleans Saints and Tampa Bay Buccaneers. Apart from the Cleveland Browns and Detroit Lions, who have never reached the Super Bowl, the Jets' drought is the longest among current NFL franchises.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Los Tarcos Rugby Club",
"paragraph_text": "The rugby union team is member of the Unión de Rugby de Tucumán and one of the most successful teams in the province, having won the provincial title 12 times and having reached the final of the Nacional de Clubes once. Many Tarcos players went on to represent Argentina at international level, including Luis Molina, Marcelo Ricci, Pablo and Fernando Buabse, Sergio Bunader and Leonardo Gravano.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Abby Bishop",
"paragraph_text": "Abby Bishop (born 29 November 1988) is an Australian professional basketball forward/center who last played for the Seattle Storm of the Women's National Basketball Association (WNBA). In Australia, she has played for the Australian Institute of Sport from 2005–2006, the Canberra Capitals from 2006–2010, Dandenong Rangers from 2010–2011 Canberra Capitals. She is currently a member of the Adelaide Lightning (2016/2017). She is a member of the Australia women's national basketball team and won a gold medal during the 2007 Oceania World Qualifications series and a bronze medal at the 2012 Summer Olympics.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Irving Davis",
"paragraph_text": "Cyril Irving Davis (December 12, 1896 – June 27, 1958) was an American soccer full back who played professionally with Philadelphia Field Club in the American Soccer League (ASL) from 1924 to 1926. He was born in Stourport-on-Severn, England. Davis was a member of the U.S. soccer team at the 1924 Summer Olympics. He went on to earn five caps with the U.S. national team in 1924 and 1925. His first game with the U.S. national team came in the U.S. victory over Estonia at the 1924 Olympics. His last game came on June 27, 1926, a 1-0 loss to Canada. He later went on to play for Fairhill F.C.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Super Dave: Daredevil for Hire",
"paragraph_text": "In the United States, the show premiered on September 12, 1992 on FOX. The series was cancelled after its first season, but a special based on the series titled \"The Super Dave Superbowl of Knowledge\" aired on January 29, 1994.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Ken Lacy",
"paragraph_text": "Ken Lacy is a former professional NFL football player who played running back for four seasons for the Kansas City Chiefs. Lacy also played for the 1983 USFL Champion Michigan Panthers.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Cricket World Cup",
"paragraph_text": "The World Cup is open to all members of the International Cricket Council (ICC), although the highest - ranking teams receive automatic qualification. The remaining teams are determined via the World Cricket League and the ICC World Cup Qualifier. A total of twenty teams have competed in the eleven editions of the tournament, with fourteen competing in the latest edition in 2015; the next edition in 2019 will have only ten teams. Australia has won the tournament five times, with the West Indies, India (twice each), Pakistan and Sri Lanka (once each) also having won the tournament. The best performance by a non-full - member team came when Kenya made the semi-finals of the 2003 tournament. The tournament is the worlds 4th biggest sporting event behind the FIFA World Cup, Summer Olympics and the Rugby World Cup.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Kabaddi",
"paragraph_text": "Kabaddi Kabaddi game Highest governing body International Kabaddi Federation Nicknames Kaudi, Pakaada, Hadudu, Bhavatik, Saadukuda, Hu - Tu - Tu, Himoshika, sadugudu Characteristics Contact Permitted Team members 7 (per side) Mixed gender Yes, separate competitions Type Team sport, Contact sport Equipment None Venue Kabaddi court Presence Country or region Indian Subcontinent tamilnadu Olympic Demonstration sport: 1936 Olympics",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Natasha Lacy",
"paragraph_text": "Natasha Lacy (born July 8, 1985) is an American professional basketball player who last played for the New York Liberty in the WNBA. Lacy was born in El Paso, Texas, and is the daughter of Austin and Pauline Lacy. She has four older siblings, Curtis, Keota Maryuen, Marcus and Austin. She attended Montwood High School, where she earned three varsity letters. Lacy was rated the ninth best guard and the 23rd best player by All-Star Girls Report. She averaged a triple-double in her senior season with 25 points, 10 rebounds, 10 assists, four steals, and four blocks per game. She was named the El Paso MVP and the district's MVP, and also earned varsity letters in track and field, attending the USA Track and Field Junior Olympics in the 400m.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Nicolas Vallar",
"paragraph_text": "Hiro Nicolas Vallar (born 22 October 1983) is a footballer from Papeete, Tahiti currently playing for A.S. Central Sport. He is a member of Tahiti national football team.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "New York Jets",
"paragraph_text": "The team was founded in 1959 as the Titans of New York, an original member of the American Football League (AFL); later, the franchise joined the NFL in the AFL -- NFL merger in 1970. The team began to play in 1960 at the Polo Grounds. Under new ownership, the current name was adopted in 1963 and the franchise moved to Shea Stadium in 1964 and then to the Meadowlands Sports Complex in 1984. The Jets advanced to the playoffs for the first time in 1968 and went on to compete in Super Bowl III where they defeated the Baltimore Colts, becoming the first AFL team to defeat an NFL club in an AFL -- NFL World Championship Game. Since 1968, the Jets have appeared in the playoffs 13 times, and in the AFC Championship Game four times, most recently losing to the Pittsburgh Steelers in 2010. However, the Jets have never returned to the Super Bowl, making them one of three NFL teams to win their lone Super Bowl appearance, along with the New Orleans Saints and Tampa Bay Buccaneers.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "New York Jets",
"paragraph_text": "The team was founded in 1959 as the Titans of New York, an original member of the American Football League (AFL); later, the franchise joined the NFL in the AFL -- NFL merger in 1970. The team began to play in 1960 at the Polo Grounds. Under new ownership, the current name was adopted in 1963 and the franchise moved to Shea Stadium in 1964 and then to the Meadowlands Sports Complex in 1984. The Jets advanced to the playoffs for the first time in 1968 and went on to compete in Super Bowl III where they defeated the Baltimore Colts, becoming the first AFL team to defeat an NFL club in an AFL -- NFL World Championship Game. Since 1968, the Jets have appeared in the playoffs 13 times, and in the AFC Championship Game four times, most recently losing to the Pittsburgh Steelers in 2010. However, the Jets have never returned to the Super Bowl, making them one of three NFL teams to win their lone Super Bowl appearance, along with the New Orleans Saints and Tampa Bay Buccaneers. Apart from the Cleveland Browns and Detroit Lions, who have never reached the Super Bowl (although both won NFL championships prior to 1966), the Jets' drought is the longest among current NFL franchises.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Dawn!",
"paragraph_text": "Dawn! is a 1979 Australian sports biopic about the three-time Olympic gold medallist swimmer Dawn Fraser, who served as technical adviser for the production, it starring Bronwyn Mackay Payne and Bunney Brooke, written by Joy Cavill and directed by Ken Hannam. The film was entered into the 11th Moscow International Film Festival.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Kansas City Chiefs",
"paragraph_text": "The Chiefs have won three AFL championships, in 1962, 1966, and 1969 and became the second AFL team (after the New York Jets) to defeat an NFL team in an AFL -- NFL World Championship Game, when they defeated the Minnesota Vikings in Super Bowl IV. The team's victory on January 11, 1970, remains the club's last championship game victory and appearance to date, and occurred in the final such competition prior to the leagues' merger coming into full effect. The Chiefs were also the second team, after the Green Bay Packers, to appear in more than one Super Bowl (and the first AFL team to do so) and the first to appear in the championship game in two different decades.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Germany women's national football team",
"paragraph_text": "In 1955, the DFB decided to forbid women's football in all its clubs in West Germany. In its explanation, the DFB cited that \"this combative sport is fundamentally foreign to the nature of women\" and that \"body and soul would inevitably suffer damage\". Further, the \"display of the body violates etiquette and decency\". In spite of this ban, more than 150 unofficial international matches were played in the 1950s and 1960s. On 30 October 1970, the ban on women's football was lifted at the DFB annual convention.Other football associations had already formed official women's national teams in the 1970s, the DFB long remained uninvolved in women's football. In 1981, DFB official Horst R. Schmidt was invited to send a team to the unofficial women's football world championship. Schmidt accepted the invitation but hid the fact that West Germany had no women's national team at the time. To avoid humiliation, the DFB sent the German club champions Bergisch Gladbach 09, who went on to win the tournament. Seeing a need, the DFB established the women's national team in 1982. DFB president Hermann Neuberger appointed Gero Bisanz, an instructor at the Cologne Sports College, to set up the team.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "King Kobra III",
"paragraph_text": "King Kobra III, released in 1988 on New Renaissance Records, was the first and last album by the Edwards, Michael-Phillips, Northrup, Hart and Appice line-up of King Kobra. After the demise of the original line-up, remaining members Carmine Appice and David Michael-Phillips teamed up with Johnny Edwards, Jeff Northrup and Larry Hart, all 3 members of the Sacramento, CA band Northrup at the time.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
Prior to 2019 when was the last time Ken Lacy's team went to the Superbowl?
|
[
{
"id": 424086,
"question": "Ken Lacy >> member of sports team",
"answer": "Kansas City Chiefs",
"paragraph_support_idx": 9
},
{
"id": 77937,
"question": "when was the last time #1 went to the superbowl",
"answer": "January 11, 1970",
"paragraph_support_idx": 17
}
] |
January 11, 1970
|
[] | true |
2hop__682379_77937
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Tuvalu",
"paragraph_text": "Football in Tuvalu is played at club and national team level. The Tuvalu national football team trains at the Tuvalu Sports Ground in Funafuti and competes in the Pacific Games. The Tuvalu National Football Association is an associate member of the Oceania Football Confederation (OFC) and is seeking membership in FIFA. The Tuvalu national futsal team participates in the Oceanian Futsal Championship.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Super Dave: Daredevil for Hire",
"paragraph_text": "In the United States, the show premiered on September 12, 1992 on FOX. The series was cancelled after its first season, but a special based on the series titled \"The Super Dave Superbowl of Knowledge\" aired on January 29, 1994.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "New York Jets",
"paragraph_text": "The team was founded in 1959 as the Titans of New York, an original member of the American Football League (AFL); later, the franchise joined the NFL in the AFL -- NFL merger in 1970. The team began to play in 1960 at the Polo Grounds. Under new ownership, the current name was adopted in 1963 and the franchise moved to Shea Stadium in 1964 and then to the Meadowlands Sports Complex in 1984. The Jets advanced to the playoffs for the first time in 1968 and went on to compete in Super Bowl III where they defeated the Baltimore Colts, becoming the first AFL team to defeat an NFL club in an AFL -- NFL World Championship Game. Since 1968, the Jets have appeared in the playoffs 13 times, and in the AFC Championship Game four times, most recently losing to the Pittsburgh Steelers in 2010. However, the Jets have never returned to the Super Bowl, making them one of three NFL teams to win their lone Super Bowl appearance, along with the New Orleans Saints and Tampa Bay Buccaneers. Apart from the Cleveland Browns and Detroit Lions, who have never reached the Super Bowl (although both won NFL championships prior to 1966), the Jets' drought is the longest among current NFL franchises.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Los Tarcos Rugby Club",
"paragraph_text": "The rugby union team is member of the Unión de Rugby de Tucumán and one of the most successful teams in the province, having won the provincial title 12 times and having reached the final of the Nacional de Clubes once. Many Tarcos players went on to represent Argentina at international level, including Luis Molina, Marcelo Ricci, Pablo and Fernando Buabse, Sergio Bunader and Leonardo Gravano.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Gary Hunt",
"paragraph_text": "Gary Hunt (sometimes listed as Roger Gary Hunt, born 11 June 1984) is an elite sports diver, specialising in cliff or high diving, and is the 2015 World champion in the event, where he holds the championship record. With a silver in the 2013 edition of the event, Hunt is the most successful male diver in the short history of the FINA recognised event.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "1990 FIFA World Cup",
"paragraph_text": "The semi-final between West Germany and England at Juventus's home stadium in Turin was goalless at half - time. Then, in the 60th minute, a shot from Andreas Brehme was deflected by Paul Parker into his own net. England equalised with ten minutes left; Gary Lineker was the scorer. The game ended 1 -- 1. Extra time yielded more chances. Klinsmann was guilty of two glaring misses and both sides struck a post. England had another Platt goal disallowed for offside. The match went to penalties, and West Germany went on to win the shoot - out 4 -- 3.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Kansas City Chiefs",
"paragraph_text": "The Chiefs have won three AFL championships, in 1962, 1966, and 1969 and became the second AFL team (after the New York Jets) to defeat an NFL team in an AFL -- NFL World Championship Game, when they defeated the Minnesota Vikings in Super Bowl IV. The team's victory on January 11, 1970, remains the club's last championship game victory and appearance to date, and occurred in the final such competition prior to the leagues' merger coming into full effect. The Chiefs were also the second team, after the Green Bay Packers, to appear in more than one Super Bowl (and the first AFL team to do so) and the first to appear in the championship game in two different decades.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Samantha Prahalis",
"paragraph_text": "Samantha Prahalis (born January 23, 1990 in Commack, New York) is an American basketball player who last played for the Los Angeles Sparks of the WNBA and currently for the Sardinian team CUS Cagliari. She went to Commack High School and played collegiately for Ohio State.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "T&TEC Sports Club",
"paragraph_text": "The Trinidad and Tobago Electricity Commission Sports Club, often referred to as T&TEC Sports Club is a state-owned football team from Trinidad and Tobago based in Gooding Village and was a member of the TT Pro League, the highest level of football in Trinidad.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Arena Football League",
"paragraph_text": "One of the league's early success stories was the Detroit Drive. A primary team for some of the AFL's most highly regarded players, including George LaFrance and Gary and Alvin Rettig, as well as being a second career chance for quarterback Art Schlichter, the Drive regularly played before sold out crowds at Joe Louis Arena, and went to the ArenaBowl every year of their existence (1988–1993). The AFL's first dynasty came to an end when their owner, Mike Ilitch (who also owned Little Caesars Pizza and the Detroit Red Wings) bought the Detroit Tigers baseball team and sold the AFL team.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "New York Jets",
"paragraph_text": "The team was founded in 1959 as the Titans of New York, an original member of the American Football League (AFL); later, the franchise joined the NFL in the AFL -- NFL merger in 1970. The team began to play in 1960 at the Polo Grounds. Under new ownership, the current name was adopted in 1963 and the franchise moved to Shea Stadium in 1964 and then to the Meadowlands Sports Complex in 1984. The Jets advanced to the playoffs for the first time in 1968 and went on to compete in Super Bowl III where they defeated the Baltimore Colts, becoming the first AFL team to defeat an NFL club in an AFL -- NFL World Championship Game. Since 1968, the Jets have appeared in the playoffs 13 times, and in the AFC Championship Game four times, most recently losing to the Pittsburgh Steelers in 2010. However, the Jets have never returned to the Super Bowl, making them one of three NFL teams to win their lone Super Bowl appearance, along with the New Orleans Saints and Tampa Bay Buccaneers.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "King Kobra III",
"paragraph_text": "King Kobra III, released in 1988 on New Renaissance Records, was the first and last album by the Edwards, Michael-Phillips, Northrup, Hart and Appice line-up of King Kobra. After the demise of the original line-up, remaining members Carmine Appice and David Michael-Phillips teamed up with Johnny Edwards, Jeff Northrup and Larry Hart, all 3 members of the Sacramento, CA band Northrup at the time.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Nicolas Vallar",
"paragraph_text": "Hiro Nicolas Vallar (born 22 October 1983) is a footballer from Papeete, Tahiti currently playing for A.S. Central Sport. He is a member of Tahiti national football team.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Kabaddi",
"paragraph_text": "Kabaddi Kabaddi game Highest governing body International Kabaddi Federation Nicknames Kaudi, Pakaada, Hadudu, Bhavatik, Saadukuda, Hu - Tu - Tu, Himoshika, sadugudu Characteristics Contact Permitted Team members 7 (per side) Mixed gender Yes, separate competitions Type Team sport, Contact sport Equipment None Venue Kabaddi court Presence Country or region Indian Subcontinent tamilnadu Olympic Demonstration sport: 1936 Olympics",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Gary Spani",
"paragraph_text": "Gary Spani (born January 9, 1956) is a former NFL linebacker who played for the Kansas City Chiefs from 1978–1986. He has worked for the Chiefs' front office since 1989, and is currently the Director of Special Events for the Chiefs.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "New York Jets",
"paragraph_text": "The team was founded in 1959 as the Titans of New York, an original member of the American Football League (AFL); later, the franchise joined the NFL in the AFL -- NFL merger in 1970. The team began to play in 1960 at the Polo Grounds. Under new ownership, the current name was adopted in 1963 and the franchise moved to Shea Stadium in 1964 and then to the Meadowlands Sports Complex in 1984. The Jets advanced to the playoffs for the first time in 1968 and went on to compete in Super Bowl III where they defeated the Baltimore Colts, becoming the first AFL team to defeat an NFL club in an AFL -- NFL World Championship Game. Since 1968, the Jets have appeared in the playoffs 13 times, and in the AFC Championship Game four times, most recently losing to the Pittsburgh Steelers in 2010. However, the Jets have never returned to the Super Bowl, making them one of three NFL teams to win their lone Super Bowl appearance, along with the New Orleans Saints and Tampa Bay Buccaneers. Apart from the Cleveland Browns and Detroit Lions, who have never reached the Super Bowl, the Jets' drought is the longest among current NFL franchises.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Zhaneta Ilieva",
"paragraph_text": "Zhaneta Tosheva Ilieva (; born October 3, 1984 in Veliko Tarnovo) is a retired Bulgarian rhythmic gymnast. She is a two-time member of the Bulgarian rhythmic gymnastics team at the World Championships, and contributed to a silver medal in the group all-around in 2003. The following year, at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, Ilieva helped her squad claim a bronze medal in the same program before her official retirement from the sport.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Irving Davis",
"paragraph_text": "Cyril Irving Davis (December 12, 1896 – June 27, 1958) was an American soccer full back who played professionally with Philadelphia Field Club in the American Soccer League (ASL) from 1924 to 1926. He was born in Stourport-on-Severn, England. Davis was a member of the U.S. soccer team at the 1924 Summer Olympics. He went on to earn five caps with the U.S. national team in 1924 and 1925. His first game with the U.S. national team came in the U.S. victory over Estonia at the 1924 Olympics. His last game came on June 27, 1926, a 1-0 loss to Canada. He later went on to play for Fairhill F.C.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Cricket World Cup",
"paragraph_text": "The World Cup is open to all members of the International Cricket Council (ICC), although the highest - ranking teams receive automatic qualification. The remaining teams are determined via the World Cricket League and the ICC World Cup Qualifier. A total of twenty teams have competed in the eleven editions of the tournament, with fourteen competing in the latest edition in 2015; the next edition in 2019 will have only ten teams. Australia has won the tournament five times, with the West Indies, India (twice each), Pakistan and Sri Lanka (once each) also having won the tournament. The best performance by a non-full - member team came when Kenya made the semi-finals of the 2003 tournament. The tournament is the worlds 4th biggest sporting event behind the FIFA World Cup, Summer Olympics and the Rugby World Cup.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Germany women's national football team",
"paragraph_text": "In 1955, the DFB decided to forbid women's football in all its clubs in West Germany. In its explanation, the DFB cited that \"this combative sport is fundamentally foreign to the nature of women\" and that \"body and soul would inevitably suffer damage\". Further, the \"display of the body violates etiquette and decency\". In spite of this ban, more than 150 unofficial international matches were played in the 1950s and 1960s. On 30 October 1970, the ban on women's football was lifted at the DFB annual convention.Other football associations had already formed official women's national teams in the 1970s, the DFB long remained uninvolved in women's football. In 1981, DFB official Horst R. Schmidt was invited to send a team to the unofficial women's football world championship. Schmidt accepted the invitation but hid the fact that West Germany had no women's national team at the time. To avoid humiliation, the DFB sent the German club champions Bergisch Gladbach 09, who went on to win the tournament. Seeing a need, the DFB established the women's national team in 1982. DFB president Hermann Neuberger appointed Gero Bisanz, an instructor at the Cologne Sports College, to set up the team.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
When was the last time Gary Spani's team went to the Superbowl?
|
[
{
"id": 682379,
"question": "Gary Spani >> member of sports team",
"answer": "Kansas City Chiefs",
"paragraph_support_idx": 14
},
{
"id": 77937,
"question": "when was the last time #1 went to the superbowl",
"answer": "January 11, 1970",
"paragraph_support_idx": 6
}
] |
January 11, 1970
|
[] | true |
2hop__462596_77937
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Jovan Melton",
"paragraph_text": "Jovan Melton is a Democratic member of the Colorado House of Representatives, serving since 2013. Before serving in the House, Melton worked for Lieutenant Governor Barbara O'Brien, and managed the campaigns of state representatives Angela Williams and Rhonda Fields.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Bob's Burgers",
"paragraph_text": "Bob's Burgers has five main cast members: H. Jon Benjamin as Bob Belcher, John Roberts as Linda Belcher, Dan Mintz as Tina Belcher, Eugene Mirman as Gene Belcher, and Kristen Schaal as Louise Belcher.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Abby Bishop",
"paragraph_text": "Abby Bishop (born 29 November 1988) is an Australian professional basketball forward/center who last played for the Seattle Storm of the Women's National Basketball Association (WNBA). In Australia, she has played for the Australian Institute of Sport from 2005–2006, the Canberra Capitals from 2006–2010, Dandenong Rangers from 2010–2011 Canberra Capitals. She is currently a member of the Adelaide Lightning (2016/2017). She is a member of the Australia women's national basketball team and won a gold medal during the 2007 Oceania World Qualifications series and a bronze medal at the 2012 Summer Olympics.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Cricket World Cup",
"paragraph_text": "The World Cup is open to all members of the International Cricket Council (ICC), although the highest - ranking teams receive automatic qualification. The remaining teams are determined via the World Cricket League and the ICC World Cup Qualifier. A total of twenty teams have competed in the eleven editions of the tournament, with fourteen competing in the latest edition in 2015; the next edition in 2019 will have only ten teams. Australia has won the tournament five times, with the West Indies, India (twice each), Pakistan and Sri Lanka (once each) also having won the tournament. The best performance by a non-full - member team came when Kenya made the semi-finals of the 2003 tournament. The tournament is the worlds 4th biggest sporting event behind the FIFA World Cup, Summer Olympics and the Rugby World Cup.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Tukarak Island",
"paragraph_text": "Tukarak Island is an uninhabited island in Qikiqtaaluk Region, Nunavut, Canada. Located in Hudson Bay, it is a member of the Belcher Islands group. Along with Flaherty Island, Innetalling Island, and Kugong Island, it is one of the four large islands in the group.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "New York Jets",
"paragraph_text": "The team was founded in 1959 as the Titans of New York, an original member of the American Football League (AFL); later, the franchise joined the NFL in the AFL -- NFL merger in 1970. The team began to play in 1960 at the Polo Grounds. Under new ownership, the current name was adopted in 1963 and the franchise moved to Shea Stadium in 1964 and then to the Meadowlands Sports Complex in 1984. The Jets advanced to the playoffs for the first time in 1968 and went on to compete in Super Bowl III where they defeated the Baltimore Colts, becoming the first AFL team to defeat an NFL club in an AFL -- NFL World Championship Game. Since 1968, the Jets have appeared in the playoffs 13 times, and in the AFC Championship Game four times, most recently losing to the Pittsburgh Steelers in 2010. However, the Jets have never returned to the Super Bowl, making them one of three NFL teams to win their lone Super Bowl appearance, along with the New Orleans Saints and Tampa Bay Buccaneers. Apart from the Cleveland Browns and Detroit Lions, who have never reached the Super Bowl (although both won NFL championships prior to 1966), the Jets' drought is the longest among current NFL franchises.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "New York Jets",
"paragraph_text": "The team was founded in 1959 as the Titans of New York, an original member of the American Football League (AFL); later, the franchise joined the NFL in the AFL -- NFL merger in 1970. The team began to play in 1960 at the Polo Grounds. Under new ownership, the current name was adopted in 1963 and the franchise moved to Shea Stadium in 1964 and then to the Meadowlands Sports Complex in 1984. The Jets advanced to the playoffs for the first time in 1968 and went on to compete in Super Bowl III where they defeated the Baltimore Colts, becoming the first AFL team to defeat an NFL club in an AFL -- NFL World Championship Game. Since 1968, the Jets have appeared in the playoffs 13 times, and in the AFC Championship Game four times, most recently losing to the Pittsburgh Steelers in 2010. However, the Jets have never returned to the Super Bowl, making them one of three NFL teams to win their lone Super Bowl appearance, along with the New Orleans Saints and Tampa Bay Buccaneers. Apart from the Cleveland Browns and Detroit Lions, who have never reached the Super Bowl, the Jets' drought is the longest among current NFL franchises.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Nicolas Vallar",
"paragraph_text": "Hiro Nicolas Vallar (born 22 October 1983) is a footballer from Papeete, Tahiti currently playing for A.S. Central Sport. He is a member of Tahiti national football team.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Kabaddi",
"paragraph_text": "Kabaddi Kabaddi game Highest governing body International Kabaddi Federation Nicknames Kaudi, Pakaada, Hadudu, Bhavatik, Saadukuda, Hu - Tu - Tu, Himoshika, sadugudu Characteristics Contact Permitted Team members 7 (per side) Mixed gender Yes, separate competitions Type Team sport, Contact sport Equipment None Venue Kabaddi court Presence Country or region Indian Subcontinent tamilnadu Olympic Demonstration sport: 1936 Olympics",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Itno mi trebas",
"paragraph_text": "\"Itno mi Trebas\" is the second studio album by Macedonian pop artist Jovan Jovanov. The album was released on 17 September 2008 via Jovanov Records. Jovan Jovanov, Elvir Mekic and Ivan Jovanov wrote and produced the album. The first hit single of this album was \"Itno mi trebas\" which was a number one hit in 2008.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Irving Davis",
"paragraph_text": "Cyril Irving Davis (December 12, 1896 – June 27, 1958) was an American soccer full back who played professionally with Philadelphia Field Club in the American Soccer League (ASL) from 1924 to 1926. He was born in Stourport-on-Severn, England. Davis was a member of the U.S. soccer team at the 1924 Summer Olympics. He went on to earn five caps with the U.S. national team in 1924 and 1925. His first game with the U.S. national team came in the U.S. victory over Estonia at the 1924 Olympics. His last game came on June 27, 1926, a 1-0 loss to Canada. He later went on to play for Fairhill F.C.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Samantha Prahalis",
"paragraph_text": "Samantha Prahalis (born January 23, 1990 in Commack, New York) is an American basketball player who last played for the Los Angeles Sparks of the WNBA and currently for the Sardinian team CUS Cagliari. She went to Commack High School and played collegiately for Ohio State.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Germany women's national football team",
"paragraph_text": "In 1955, the DFB decided to forbid women's football in all its clubs in West Germany. In its explanation, the DFB cited that \"this combative sport is fundamentally foreign to the nature of women\" and that \"body and soul would inevitably suffer damage\". Further, the \"display of the body violates etiquette and decency\". In spite of this ban, more than 150 unofficial international matches were played in the 1950s and 1960s. On 30 October 1970, the ban on women's football was lifted at the DFB annual convention.Other football associations had already formed official women's national teams in the 1970s, the DFB long remained uninvolved in women's football. In 1981, DFB official Horst R. Schmidt was invited to send a team to the unofficial women's football world championship. Schmidt accepted the invitation but hid the fact that West Germany had no women's national team at the time. To avoid humiliation, the DFB sent the German club champions Bergisch Gladbach 09, who went on to win the tournament. Seeing a need, the DFB established the women's national team in 1982. DFB president Hermann Neuberger appointed Gero Bisanz, an instructor at the Cologne Sports College, to set up the team.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Jovan Belcher",
"paragraph_text": "Jovan Henry Allen Belcher (July 24, 1987 – December 1, 2012) was an American football linebacker who played for the Kansas City Chiefs of the National Football League (NFL). He grew up in West Babylon, New York and was a standout high school athlete before attending and graduating from the University of Maine, where he played for the Maine Black Bears football team. Belcher was named an All-American twice in college after switching in his junior year from linebacker to defensive end.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "King Kobra III",
"paragraph_text": "King Kobra III, released in 1988 on New Renaissance Records, was the first and last album by the Edwards, Michael-Phillips, Northrup, Hart and Appice line-up of King Kobra. After the demise of the original line-up, remaining members Carmine Appice and David Michael-Phillips teamed up with Johnny Edwards, Jeff Northrup and Larry Hart, all 3 members of the Sacramento, CA band Northrup at the time.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "T&TEC Sports Club",
"paragraph_text": "The Trinidad and Tobago Electricity Commission Sports Club, often referred to as T&TEC Sports Club is a state-owned football team from Trinidad and Tobago based in Gooding Village and was a member of the TT Pro League, the highest level of football in Trinidad.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Los Tarcos Rugby Club",
"paragraph_text": "The rugby union team is member of the Unión de Rugby de Tucumán and one of the most successful teams in the province, having won the provincial title 12 times and having reached the final of the Nacional de Clubes once. Many Tarcos players went on to represent Argentina at international level, including Luis Molina, Marcelo Ricci, Pablo and Fernando Buabse, Sergio Bunader and Leonardo Gravano.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Tuvalu",
"paragraph_text": "Football in Tuvalu is played at club and national team level. The Tuvalu national football team trains at the Tuvalu Sports Ground in Funafuti and competes in the Pacific Games. The Tuvalu National Football Association is an associate member of the Oceania Football Confederation (OFC) and is seeking membership in FIFA. The Tuvalu national futsal team participates in the Oceanian Futsal Championship.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Super Dave: Daredevil for Hire",
"paragraph_text": "In the United States, the show premiered on September 12, 1992 on FOX. The series was cancelled after its first season, but a special based on the series titled \"The Super Dave Superbowl of Knowledge\" aired on January 29, 1994.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Kansas City Chiefs",
"paragraph_text": "The Chiefs have won three AFL championships, in 1962, 1966, and 1969 and became the second AFL team (after the New York Jets) to defeat an NFL team in an AFL -- NFL World Championship Game, when they defeated the Minnesota Vikings in Super Bowl IV. The team's victory on January 11, 1970, remains the club's last championship game victory and appearance to date, and occurred in the final such competition prior to the leagues' merger coming into full effect. The Chiefs were also the second team, after the Green Bay Packers, to appear in more than one Super Bowl (and the first AFL team to do so) and the first to appear in the championship game in two different decades.",
"is_supporting": true
}
] |
When was the last time the sports team Jovan Belcher played for went to the superbowl?
|
[
{
"id": 462596,
"question": "Jovan Belcher >> member of sports team",
"answer": "Kansas City Chiefs",
"paragraph_support_idx": 13
},
{
"id": 77937,
"question": "when was the last time #1 went to the superbowl",
"answer": "January 11, 1970",
"paragraph_support_idx": 19
}
] |
January 11, 1970
|
[] | true |
2hop__347280_64689
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Territory of Papua",
"paragraph_text": "In 1949, the Territory and the Territory of New Guinea were established in an administrative union by the name of the Territory of Papua and New Guinea. That administrative union was renamed as Papua New Guinea in 1971. Notwithstanding that it was part of an administrative union, the Territory of Papua at all times retained a distinct legal status and identity; it was a Possession of the Crown whereas the Territory of New Guinea was initially a League of Nations mandate territory and subsequently a United Nations trust territory. This important legal and political distinction remained until the advent of the Independent State of Papua New Guinea in 1975.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Kerckhoff Marine Laboratory",
"paragraph_text": "The William G. Kerckhoff Marine Laboratory is owned and operated by the California Institute of Technology. It is located 101 Dahlia Street, in the Corona del Mar district of Newport Beach, in Orange County, California.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Gmina Ozorków",
"paragraph_text": "Gmina Ozorków is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Zgierz County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. Its seat is the town of Ozorków, although the town is not part of the territory of the gmina.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Gmina Suwałki",
"paragraph_text": "Gmina Suwałki is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Suwałki County, Podlaskie Voivodeship, in north-eastern Poland. Its seat is the town of Suwałki, although the town is not part of the territory of the gmina.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Paea",
"paragraph_text": "Paea is a commune in the suburbs of Papeete in French Polynesia, an overseas territory of France in the southern Pacific Ocean. Paea is located on the island of Tahiti, in the administrative subdivision of the Windward Islands, themselves part of the Society Islands. At the 2017 census it had a population of 13,021.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Monona County Courthouse",
"paragraph_text": "The Monona County Courthouse, located in Onawa, Iowa, United States, was built in 1892. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1981 as a part of the County Courthouses in Iowa Thematic Resource. The courthouse is the third building the county has used for court functions and county administration.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "History of Nevada",
"paragraph_text": "Francisco Garcés was the first European in the area. Nevada was annexed as a part of the Spanish Empire in the northwestern territory of New Spain. Administratively, the area of Nevada was part of the Commandancy General of the Provincias Internas in the Viceroyalty of New Spain. Nevada became a part of Alta California (Upper California) province in 1804 when the Californias were split. With the Mexican War of Independence won in 1821, the province of Alta California became a territory - not a state - of Mexico, due to the small population. In later years, a desire for increased autonomy led to several attempts by the Alta Californians to gain independence from Mexico. Jedediah Smith entered the Las Vegas Valley in 1827, and Peter Skene Ogden traveled the Humboldt River in 1828. As a result of the Mexican -- American War and the Treaty of Guadalupe - Hidalgo, Mexico permanently lost Alta California in 1848. The new areas acquired by the United States continued to be administered as territories. As part of the Mexican Cession (1848) and the subsequent California Gold Rush that used Emigrant Trails through the area, the state's area evolved first as part of the Utah Territory, then the Nevada Territory (March 2, 1861; named for the Sierra Nevada). The capitol is Carson City",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Republic of Užice",
"paragraph_text": "The Republic of Užice ( / ) was a short-lived liberated Yugoslav territory and the first liberated territory in World War II Europe, organized as a military mini-state that existed in the autumn of 1941 in occupied Yugoslavia, more specifically the western part of the Territory of the Military Commander in Serbia. The Republic was established by the Partisan resistance movement and its administrative center was in the town of Užice.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Third Street Aleworks",
"paragraph_text": "Third Street AleWorks is a brewery and brewpub in downtown Santa Rosa, California, USA, which opened in 1996. Amongst the award-winning beers produced at Third Street AleWorks is the Blarney Sister's Dry Irish Stout, which has won numerous awards, including several golds.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Santa Rosa, California",
"paragraph_text": "Santa Rosa is a city in and the county seat of Sonoma County, California, United States. Its estimated 2014 population was 174,170. Santa Rosa is the largest city in California's Redwood Empire, Wine Country and the North Bay; the fifth most populous city in the San Francisco Bay Area after San Jose, San Francisco, Oakland, and Fremont; and the 28th most populous city in California.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Gmina Kwidzyn",
"paragraph_text": "Gmina Kwidzyn is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Kwidzyn County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. Its seat is the town of Kwidzyn, although the town is not part of the territory of the gmina.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Gmina Elbląg",
"paragraph_text": "Gmina Elbląg is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Elbląg County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. Its seat is the town of Elbląg, although the town is not part of the territory of the gmina.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Municipio XIX",
"paragraph_text": "The Municipio XIX was an administrative subdivision of the city of Rome. Following the administrative reform of 11 March 2013, it was suppressed and merged into the new, and coextensive, Municipio XIV. Its territory is situated to the north-west part of the municipality of Rome.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Khabarovsky District",
"paragraph_text": "Khabarovsky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the seventeen in Khabarovsk Krai, Russia. It consists of two unconnected segments separated by the territory of Amursky District, which are located in the southwest of the krai. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Khabarovsk (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population:",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Gmina Jordanów",
"paragraph_text": "Gmina Jordanów is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Sucha County, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, in southern Poland. Its seat is the town of Jordanów, although the town is not part of the territory of the gmina.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "580 California Street",
"paragraph_text": "580 California Street is a high rise office building completed in 1987 in the Financial District of San Francisco, California. The postmodern, , 23 story tower is bordered by Kearny Street and California Street, and is topped with three faceless, twelve foot tall statues, on each side of the building on the twenty-third floor. The art installation is entitled \"The Corporate Goddesses\" by Muriel Castanis, the late designer and creator of the sculptures.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Main Street Station Hotel and Casino and Brewery",
"paragraph_text": "The Main Street Station Hotel and Casino and Brewery is a hotel and casino located in Downtown Las Vegas, Nevada. It is owned by Boyd Gaming. The casino is connected to California Hotel and Casino by an enclosed skywalk over Main Street.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Gmina Bełchatów",
"paragraph_text": "Gmina Bełchatów is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Bełchatów County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. Its seat is the town of Bełchatów, although the town is not part of the territory of the gmina.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Biysky District",
"paragraph_text": "Biysky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-nine in Altai Krai, Russia. It is located in the east of the krai and borders with Zonalny, Tselinny, Soltonsky, Krasnogorsky, Sovetsky, and Smolensky Districts, as well as with the territory of the City of Biysk. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Biysk (which is not administratively a part of the district). District's population:",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Bogotá",
"paragraph_text": "Bogotá (/ ˈboʊɡətɑː /, / ˌbɒɡəˈtɑː /, / ˌboʊ - /; Spanish pronunciation: (boɣoˈta) (listen)), officially Bogotá, Distrito Capital, abbreviated Bogotá, D.C., and formerly known as Santafé de Bogotá between 1991 and 2000, is the capital and largest city of Colombia, administered as the Capital District, although often thought of as part of Cundinamarca. Bogotá is a territorial entity of the first order, with the same administrative status as the departments of Colombia. It is the political, economic, administrative, industrial, artistic, cultural, and sports center of the country.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
In what part of California is the city where Third Street Aleworks can be found?
|
[
{
"id": 347280,
"question": "Third Street Aleworks >> located in the administrative territorial entity",
"answer": "Santa Rosa",
"paragraph_support_idx": 8
},
{
"id": 64689,
"question": "what part of california is #1 in",
"answer": "Sonoma County",
"paragraph_support_idx": 9
}
] |
Sonoma County
|
[
"Sonoma County, California"
] | true |
2hop__373147_77937
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Larry Thrasher",
"paragraph_text": "Larry Thrasher (born 1959) is an American experimental musician, remixer, and producer. [] Thrasher was an important member of Psychic TV, Thee Majesty and Splinter Test. In addition, Thrasher was in collaboration with Kim Cascone on the experimental noise project Thessalonians. He is credited under the aliases DJ Cheb I Sabbah Wa Mektoub, Baba Larry Ji. [], and Larriji. He is also a long time follower of Meher Baba.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "The Waterboy",
"paragraph_text": "The Waterboy is a 1998 American sports comedy film directed by Frank Coraci (who also appears in a cameo role), starring Adam Sandler, Kathy Bates, Fairuza Balk, Henry Winkler, Jerry Reed (his last film role before his death in 2008), Larry Gilliard, Jr., Blake Clark, Peter Dante and Jonathan Loughran, and produced by Robert Simonds and Jack Giarraputo.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Kansas City Chiefs",
"paragraph_text": "The Chiefs have won three AFL championships, in 1962, 1966, and 1969 and became the second AFL team (after the New York Jets) to defeat an NFL team in an AFL -- NFL World Championship Game, when they defeated the Minnesota Vikings in Super Bowl IV. The team's victory on January 11, 1970, remains the club's last championship game victory and appearance to date, and occurred in the final such competition prior to the leagues' merger coming into full effect. The Chiefs were also the second team, after the Green Bay Packers, to appear in more than one Super Bowl (and the first AFL team to do so) and the first to appear in the championship game in two different decades.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "King Kobra III",
"paragraph_text": "King Kobra III, released in 1988 on New Renaissance Records, was the first and last album by the Edwards, Michael-Phillips, Northrup, Hart and Appice line-up of King Kobra. After the demise of the original line-up, remaining members Carmine Appice and David Michael-Phillips teamed up with Johnny Edwards, Jeff Northrup and Larry Hart, all 3 members of the Sacramento, CA band Northrup at the time.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "New York Jets",
"paragraph_text": "The team was founded in 1959 as the Titans of New York, an original member of the American Football League (AFL); later, the franchise joined the NFL in the AFL -- NFL merger in 1970. The team began to play in 1960 at the Polo Grounds. Under new ownership, the current name was adopted in 1963 and the franchise moved to Shea Stadium in 1964 and then to the Meadowlands Sports Complex in 1984. The Jets advanced to the playoffs for the first time in 1968 and went on to compete in Super Bowl III where they defeated the Baltimore Colts, becoming the first AFL team to defeat an NFL club in an AFL -- NFL World Championship Game. Since 1968, the Jets have appeared in the playoffs 13 times, and in the AFC Championship Game four times, most recently losing to the Pittsburgh Steelers in 2010. However, the Jets have never returned to the Super Bowl, making them one of three NFL teams to win their lone Super Bowl appearance, along with the New Orleans Saints and Tampa Bay Buccaneers. Apart from the Cleveland Browns and Detroit Lions, who have never reached the Super Bowl (although both won NFL championships prior to 1966), the Jets' drought is the longest among current NFL franchises.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Larry Moriarty",
"paragraph_text": "Larry Moriarty (born April 24, 1958) is a former professional American football player who played running back for six seasons for the Houston Oilers and Kansas City Chiefs he was drafted by the Houston Oilers in the 5th round (114th overall) of the 1983 NFL Draft. He attended Notre Dame in Indiana.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Scream, Baby, Scream",
"paragraph_text": "Scream, Baby, Scream (also known as Nightmare House) is a 1969 American horror film directed by Joseph Adler and written by Larry Cohen, who went on to write such horror classics as \"It's Alive\" and \"Q\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "T&TEC Sports Club",
"paragraph_text": "The Trinidad and Tobago Electricity Commission Sports Club, often referred to as T&TEC Sports Club is a state-owned football team from Trinidad and Tobago based in Gooding Village and was a member of the TT Pro League, the highest level of football in Trinidad.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "The Brian Conley Show",
"paragraph_text": "Nick Frisbee was a children's in - vision continuity presenter who had a squirrel puppet sidekick, Larry the Loafer (operated by Ray Tizzard). The premise of the character was to mock children's television presenters at the time, many who had puppet sidekicks -- Larry was loosely based, and named after, BBC Saturday morning show Going Live's puppet Gordon the Gopher. Unlike children's television presenters, Nick was crude, and often cared very little for Larry or his viewers. He'd famously treat Larry very harshly, often hitting him with a club, which prompted the audience to 'aww,' to which Nick would reiterate to the audience that ``it's a puppet! ''Nick would read out letters, poems and jokes`` sent in'' by viewers with double - entendre names, and show spoof trailers for movies. In the last episode, Larry gets his revenge on Nick by dropping a studio light on him when he appeals for the welfare of loafers.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Abby Bishop",
"paragraph_text": "Abby Bishop (born 29 November 1988) is an Australian professional basketball forward/center who last played for the Seattle Storm of the Women's National Basketball Association (WNBA). In Australia, she has played for the Australian Institute of Sport from 2005–2006, the Canberra Capitals from 2006–2010, Dandenong Rangers from 2010–2011 Canberra Capitals. She is currently a member of the Adelaide Lightning (2016/2017). She is a member of the Australia women's national basketball team and won a gold medal during the 2007 Oceania World Qualifications series and a bronze medal at the 2012 Summer Olympics.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Larry Holliday",
"paragraph_text": "Larry Holliday (born July 5, 1964 in Chicago, Illinois) is an American figure skater. He is the six time U.S. Adult Championship Masters Men Champion, and he was a member of Team USA in 1990.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Kabaddi",
"paragraph_text": "Kabaddi Kabaddi game Highest governing body International Kabaddi Federation Nicknames Kaudi, Pakaada, Hadudu, Bhavatik, Saadukuda, Hu - Tu - Tu, Himoshika, sadugudu Characteristics Contact Permitted Team members 7 (per side) Mixed gender Yes, separate competitions Type Team sport, Contact sport Equipment None Venue Kabaddi court Presence Country or region Indian Subcontinent tamilnadu Olympic Demonstration sport: 1936 Olympics",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "New York Jets",
"paragraph_text": "The team was founded in 1959 as the Titans of New York, an original member of the American Football League (AFL); later, the franchise joined the NFL in the AFL -- NFL merger in 1970. The team began to play in 1960 at the Polo Grounds. Under new ownership, the current name was adopted in 1963 and the franchise moved to Shea Stadium in 1964 and then to the Meadowlands Sports Complex in 1984. The Jets advanced to the playoffs for the first time in 1968 and went on to compete in Super Bowl III where they defeated the Baltimore Colts, becoming the first AFL team to defeat an NFL club in an AFL -- NFL World Championship Game. Since 1968, the Jets have appeared in the playoffs 13 times, and in the AFC Championship Game four times, most recently losing to the Pittsburgh Steelers in 2010. However, the Jets have never returned to the Super Bowl, making them one of three NFL teams to win their lone Super Bowl appearance, along with the New Orleans Saints and Tampa Bay Buccaneers. Apart from the Cleveland Browns and Detroit Lions, who have never reached the Super Bowl, the Jets' drought is the longest among current NFL franchises.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Irving Davis",
"paragraph_text": "Cyril Irving Davis (December 12, 1896 – June 27, 1958) was an American soccer full back who played professionally with Philadelphia Field Club in the American Soccer League (ASL) from 1924 to 1926. He was born in Stourport-on-Severn, England. Davis was a member of the U.S. soccer team at the 1924 Summer Olympics. He went on to earn five caps with the U.S. national team in 1924 and 1925. His first game with the U.S. national team came in the U.S. victory over Estonia at the 1924 Olympics. His last game came on June 27, 1926, a 1-0 loss to Canada. He later went on to play for Fairhill F.C.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Tuvalu",
"paragraph_text": "Football in Tuvalu is played at club and national team level. The Tuvalu national football team trains at the Tuvalu Sports Ground in Funafuti and competes in the Pacific Games. The Tuvalu National Football Association is an associate member of the Oceania Football Confederation (OFC) and is seeking membership in FIFA. The Tuvalu national futsal team participates in the Oceanian Futsal Championship.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Germany women's national football team",
"paragraph_text": "In 1955, the DFB decided to forbid women's football in all its clubs in West Germany. In its explanation, the DFB cited that \"this combative sport is fundamentally foreign to the nature of women\" and that \"body and soul would inevitably suffer damage\". Further, the \"display of the body violates etiquette and decency\". In spite of this ban, more than 150 unofficial international matches were played in the 1950s and 1960s. On 30 October 1970, the ban on women's football was lifted at the DFB annual convention.Other football associations had already formed official women's national teams in the 1970s, the DFB long remained uninvolved in women's football. In 1981, DFB official Horst R. Schmidt was invited to send a team to the unofficial women's football world championship. Schmidt accepted the invitation but hid the fact that West Germany had no women's national team at the time. To avoid humiliation, the DFB sent the German club champions Bergisch Gladbach 09, who went on to win the tournament. Seeing a need, the DFB established the women's national team in 1982. DFB president Hermann Neuberger appointed Gero Bisanz, an instructor at the Cologne Sports College, to set up the team.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Los Tarcos Rugby Club",
"paragraph_text": "The rugby union team is member of the Unión de Rugby de Tucumán and one of the most successful teams in the province, having won the provincial title 12 times and having reached the final of the Nacional de Clubes once. Many Tarcos players went on to represent Argentina at international level, including Luis Molina, Marcelo Ricci, Pablo and Fernando Buabse, Sergio Bunader and Leonardo Gravano.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "New York Jets",
"paragraph_text": "The team was founded in 1959 as the Titans of New York, an original member of the American Football League (AFL); later, the franchise joined the NFL in the AFL -- NFL merger in 1970. The team began to play in 1960 at the Polo Grounds. Under new ownership, the current name was adopted in 1963 and the franchise moved to Shea Stadium in 1964 and then to the Meadowlands Sports Complex in 1984. The Jets advanced to the playoffs for the first time in 1968 and went on to compete in Super Bowl III where they defeated the Baltimore Colts, becoming the first AFL team to defeat an NFL club in an AFL -- NFL World Championship Game. Since 1968, the Jets have appeared in the playoffs 13 times, and in the AFC Championship Game four times, most recently losing to the Pittsburgh Steelers in 2010. However, the Jets have never returned to the Super Bowl, making them one of three NFL teams to win their lone Super Bowl appearance, along with the New Orleans Saints and Tampa Bay Buccaneers.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Nicolas Vallar",
"paragraph_text": "Hiro Nicolas Vallar (born 22 October 1983) is a footballer from Papeete, Tahiti currently playing for A.S. Central Sport. He is a member of Tahiti national football team.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "1972 Miami Dolphins season",
"paragraph_text": "The 1972 Miami Dolphins season was the team's seventh season, and third season in the National Football League (NFL). The 1972 Dolphins are the only NFL team to win the Super Bowl with a perfect season. The undefeated campaign was led by coach Don Shula and notable players Bob Griese, Earl Morrall, and Larry Csonka. The 1972 Dolphins went 14 -- 0 in the regular season and won all three post-season games, including Super Bowl VII against the Washington Redskins, to finish 17 -- 0.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
When was the last time Larry Moriarty's team went to the Super Bowl?
|
[
{
"id": 373147,
"question": "Larry Moriarty >> member of sports team",
"answer": "Kansas City Chiefs",
"paragraph_support_idx": 5
},
{
"id": 77937,
"question": "when was the last time #1 went to the superbowl",
"answer": "January 11, 1970",
"paragraph_support_idx": 2
}
] |
January 11, 1970
|
[] | true |
2hop__553324_77937
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Joan Sims",
"paragraph_text": "Irene Joan Marion Sims (9 May 1930 -- 27 June 2001), best known as Joan Sims, was an English actress remembered for her roles in the Carry On films, including Carry On Nurse (1959), Carry On Cleo (1964) and Carry On Camping (1969). She played Mrs. Wembley, the cook with a liking for sherry in On the Up (1990 -- 92), and Madge Hardcastle in As Time Goes By (1994 -- 98).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Kansas City Chiefs",
"paragraph_text": "The Chiefs have won three AFL championships, in 1962, 1966, and 1969 and became the second AFL team (after the New York Jets) to defeat an NFL team in an AFL -- NFL World Championship Game, when they defeated the Minnesota Vikings in Super Bowl IV. The team's victory on January 11, 1970, remains the club's last championship game victory and appearance to date, and occurred in the final such competition prior to the leagues' merger coming into full effect. The Chiefs were also the second team, after the Green Bay Packers, to appear in more than one Super Bowl (and the first AFL team to do so) and the first to appear in the championship game in two different decades.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Nicolas Vallar",
"paragraph_text": "Hiro Nicolas Vallar (born 22 October 1983) is a footballer from Papeete, Tahiti currently playing for A.S. Central Sport. He is a member of Tahiti national football team.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "New York Jets",
"paragraph_text": "The team was founded in 1959 as the Titans of New York, an original member of the American Football League (AFL); later, the franchise joined the NFL in the AFL -- NFL merger in 1970. The team began to play in 1960 at the Polo Grounds. Under new ownership, the current name was adopted in 1963 and the franchise moved to Shea Stadium in 1964 and then to the Meadowlands Sports Complex in 1984. The Jets advanced to the playoffs for the first time in 1968 and went on to compete in Super Bowl III where they defeated the Baltimore Colts, becoming the first AFL team to defeat an NFL club in an AFL -- NFL World Championship Game. Since 1968, the Jets have appeared in the playoffs 13 times, and in the AFC Championship Game four times, most recently losing to the Pittsburgh Steelers in 2010. However, the Jets have never returned to the Super Bowl, making them one of three NFL teams to win their lone Super Bowl appearance, along with the New Orleans Saints and Tampa Bay Buccaneers. Apart from the Cleveland Browns and Detroit Lions, who have never reached the Super Bowl, the Jets' drought is the longest among current NFL franchises.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Bad Time Zoo",
"paragraph_text": "Bad Time Zoo is the second studio album by American rapper Sims, a member of Minneapolis indie hip hop collective Doomtree. It was released on Doomtree Records on February 15, 2011. The album is entirely produced by Lazerbeak.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "King Kobra III",
"paragraph_text": "King Kobra III, released in 1988 on New Renaissance Records, was the first and last album by the Edwards, Michael-Phillips, Northrup, Hart and Appice line-up of King Kobra. After the demise of the original line-up, remaining members Carmine Appice and David Michael-Phillips teamed up with Johnny Edwards, Jeff Northrup and Larry Hart, all 3 members of the Sacramento, CA band Northrup at the time.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "The Sims 4",
"paragraph_text": "The Sims 4 Developer (s) Maxis The Sims Studio Publisher (s) Electronic Arts Producer (s) Kevin Gibson Grant Rodiek Ryan Michael Vaughan Designer (s) Eric Holmberg - Weidler Matt Yang Artist (s) Magnus Hollmo Samantha Miceli Steven Ross Writer (s) Danielle von Mayrhauser Composer (s) Ilan Eshkeri Series The Sims Platform (s) Microsoft Windows macOS PlayStation 4 Xbox One Release Microsoft Windows NA: September 2, 2014 AU: September 4, 2014 EU: September 4, 2014 UK: September 5, 2014 macOS WW: February 17, 2015 PlayStation 4, Xbox One WW: November 17, 2017 Genre (s) Simulation Mode (s) Single - player",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Los Tarcos Rugby Club",
"paragraph_text": "The rugby union team is member of the Unión de Rugby de Tucumán and one of the most successful teams in the province, having won the provincial title 12 times and having reached the final of the Nacional de Clubes once. Many Tarcos players went on to represent Argentina at international level, including Luis Molina, Marcelo Ricci, Pablo and Fernando Buabse, Sergio Bunader and Leonardo Gravano.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Cricket World Cup",
"paragraph_text": "The World Cup is open to all members of the International Cricket Council (ICC), although the highest - ranking teams receive automatic qualification. The remaining teams are determined via the World Cricket League and the ICC World Cup Qualifier. A total of twenty teams have competed in the eleven editions of the tournament, with fourteen competing in the latest edition in 2015; the next edition in 2019 will have only ten teams. Australia has won the tournament five times, with the West Indies, India (twice each), Pakistan and Sri Lanka (once each) also having won the tournament. The best performance by a non-full - member team came when Kenya made the semi-finals of the 2003 tournament. The tournament is the worlds 4th biggest sporting event behind the FIFA World Cup, Summer Olympics and the Rugby World Cup.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Super Dave: Daredevil for Hire",
"paragraph_text": "In the United States, the show premiered on September 12, 1992 on FOX. The series was cancelled after its first season, but a special based on the series titled \"The Super Dave Superbowl of Knowledge\" aired on January 29, 1994.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "New York Jets",
"paragraph_text": "The team was founded in 1959 as the Titans of New York, an original member of the American Football League (AFL); later, the franchise joined the NFL in the AFL -- NFL merger in 1970. The team began to play in 1960 at the Polo Grounds. Under new ownership, the current name was adopted in 1963 and the franchise moved to Shea Stadium in 1964 and then to the Meadowlands Sports Complex in 1984. The Jets advanced to the playoffs for the first time in 1968 and went on to compete in Super Bowl III where they defeated the Baltimore Colts, becoming the first AFL team to defeat an NFL club in an AFL -- NFL World Championship Game. Since 1968, the Jets have appeared in the playoffs 13 times, and in the AFC Championship Game four times, most recently losing to the Pittsburgh Steelers in 2010. However, the Jets have never returned to the Super Bowl, making them one of three NFL teams to win their lone Super Bowl appearance, along with the New Orleans Saints and Tampa Bay Buccaneers. Apart from the Cleveland Browns and Detroit Lions, who have never reached the Super Bowl (although both won NFL championships prior to 1966), the Jets' drought is the longest among current NFL franchises.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "The Very Private Life of Mister Sim",
"paragraph_text": "The Very Private Life of Mister Sim (original title: La Vie très privée de Monsieur Sim; also known as The Terrible Privacy of Mr. Sim) is a 2015 French comedy-drama film directed by Michel Leclerc and starring Jean-Pierre Bacri. It is an adaptation of the novel \"The Terrible Privacy of Maxwell Sim\" by English author Jonathan Coe. It was released in France on 16 December 2015.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "T&TEC Sports Club",
"paragraph_text": "The Trinidad and Tobago Electricity Commission Sports Club, often referred to as T&TEC Sports Club is a state-owned football team from Trinidad and Tobago based in Gooding Village and was a member of the TT Pro League, the highest level of football in Trinidad.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "James Leland Sims",
"paragraph_text": "James Leland Sims was a provincial politician from Alberta, Canada. He served as a member of the Legislative Assembly of Alberta from 1955 to 1959 sitting with the Liberal caucus in opposition.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Kabaddi",
"paragraph_text": "Kabaddi Kabaddi game Highest governing body International Kabaddi Federation Nicknames Kaudi, Pakaada, Hadudu, Bhavatik, Saadukuda, Hu - Tu - Tu, Himoshika, sadugudu Characteristics Contact Permitted Team members 7 (per side) Mixed gender Yes, separate competitions Type Team sport, Contact sport Equipment None Venue Kabaddi court Presence Country or region Indian Subcontinent tamilnadu Olympic Demonstration sport: 1936 Olympics",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "William Wood-Sims",
"paragraph_text": "Wood-Sims was born at Ironville, Derbyshire as William W Sims, the son of Joseph W Sims a boiler plate roller at an ironworks, and his wife Alice. Sims became a slater, and by 1881 was living with his parents at Alfreton. Later he changed his name to Wood-Sims. He played a game for Derbyshire in 1878 against a 16-man Uppingham team, but his first-class debut was in the 1879 season against Yorkshire in July. He then played one match in the 1880 season and one in the 1882 season before playing a fuller season in 1884. Also in 1884, he played one game for North against South. In the 1885 season he played 14 games for the club, some of which were not first-class. He played one game for Derbyshire in the 1886 season against MCC. He ended his first-class career playing for North against South when he was bowled for 4 by W. G. Grace, but took four wickets in return. In 1887 he played for a United XI against Scotland. His last appearance for Derbyshire was in the 1891 season when Derbyshire matches were not accorded first-class status.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "New York Jets",
"paragraph_text": "The team was founded in 1959 as the Titans of New York, an original member of the American Football League (AFL); later, the franchise joined the NFL in the AFL -- NFL merger in 1970. The team began to play in 1960 at the Polo Grounds. Under new ownership, the current name was adopted in 1963 and the franchise moved to Shea Stadium in 1964 and then to the Meadowlands Sports Complex in 1984. The Jets advanced to the playoffs for the first time in 1968 and went on to compete in Super Bowl III where they defeated the Baltimore Colts, becoming the first AFL team to defeat an NFL club in an AFL -- NFL World Championship Game. Since 1968, the Jets have appeared in the playoffs 13 times, and in the AFC Championship Game four times, most recently losing to the Pittsburgh Steelers in 2010. However, the Jets have never returned to the Super Bowl, making them one of three NFL teams to win their lone Super Bowl appearance, along with the New Orleans Saints and Tampa Bay Buccaneers.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "The Sims FreePlay",
"paragraph_text": "In The Sims FreePlay, players build houses, control virtual people called Sims to satisfy their needs and wishes, and let them complete different kinds of actions to gain Simoleons, LifeStyle Points, Social Points (all three are currencies in the game), and XP. The Sims FreePlay runs in real - time and takes real time to complete actions. All actions must be instructed by players, unlike in the computer version, where Sims can have some degree of autonomy. Players can progress through 55 levels to unlock content and create up to 34 Sims. In the game, only married sims can have children and there is a limit on the amount of allowable couples due to a limit on the people in the player's town. However, if the player buys items off the online store, they become a VIP that will allow them to increase the number of sims they can have in their town. In the game, there are main quests and discovery quests. Whereas regular quests are required, the discovery quests are optional.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Ryan Sims",
"paragraph_text": "Ryan O'Neal Sims (born May 4, 1980) is a former American Football defensive tackle. Sims' professional career began in 2002 with the Kansas City Chiefs, for whom he played through the end of the 2006 season. He has also been a member of the Tampa Bay Buccaneers and Seattle Seahawks.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "The Sims FreePlay",
"paragraph_text": "In The Sims FreePlay, players ``build ''and design houses and customize and create (a maximum of 34) virtual people called Sims. Players can control their Sims to satisfy their wishes, and let them complete different kinds of actions to gain Simoleons, Lifestyle Points, and Social Points (all three currencies in the game). The game runs in real - time, and takes real time to complete actions. All actions must be instructed by players, unlike in the Windows version, where Sims have some degree of autonomy. Players can progress through 55 levels to unlock content (such as furniture for the Sims' houses) that can be purchased with the virtual currencies previously mentioned. Families of Sims can have children, provided there is one adult; there is a limit on the amount of allowable couples due to a limit on the people in the player's town. However, if the player buys items from the online store, they become a VIP that will allow them to increase the number of Sims they can have in their town. In the game, there are`` quests'' that players are required to complete, as well as optional quests (``discovery quests '') that they may choose to pursue. Sims must bake a cake to age, until completion of a certain quota of discovery quests. To make, a cake takes 24 hours and costs 5 Lifestyle Points.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
When was the last time the team Ryan Sims played for went to the Superbowl?
|
[
{
"id": 553324,
"question": "Ryan Sims >> member of sports team",
"answer": "Kansas City Chiefs",
"paragraph_support_idx": 18
},
{
"id": 77937,
"question": "when was the last time #1 went to the superbowl",
"answer": "January 11, 1970",
"paragraph_support_idx": 1
}
] |
January 11, 1970
|
[] | true |
2hop__834547_77937
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Nicolas Vallar",
"paragraph_text": "Hiro Nicolas Vallar (born 22 October 1983) is a footballer from Papeete, Tahiti currently playing for A.S. Central Sport. He is a member of Tahiti national football team.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Zeke Markshausen",
"paragraph_text": "Zeke Robert Markshausen (born January 26, 1987) is a former American football wide receiver for the Kansas City Chiefs of the National Football League (NFL). He was signed by the Chicago Bears as an undrafted free agent in 2010. He played college football at Northwestern.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "New York Jets",
"paragraph_text": "The team was founded in 1959 as the Titans of New York, an original member of the American Football League (AFL); later, the franchise joined the NFL in the AFL -- NFL merger in 1970. The team began to play in 1960 at the Polo Grounds. Under new ownership, the current name was adopted in 1963 and the franchise moved to Shea Stadium in 1964 and then to the Meadowlands Sports Complex in 1984. The Jets advanced to the playoffs for the first time in 1968 and went on to compete in Super Bowl III where they defeated the Baltimore Colts, becoming the first AFL team to defeat an NFL club in an AFL -- NFL World Championship Game. Since 1968, the Jets have appeared in the playoffs 13 times, and in the AFC Championship Game four times, most recently losing to the Pittsburgh Steelers in 2010. However, the Jets have never returned to the Super Bowl, making them one of three NFL teams to win their lone Super Bowl appearance, along with the New Orleans Saints and Tampa Bay Buccaneers. Apart from the Cleveland Browns and Detroit Lions, who have never reached the Super Bowl (although both won NFL championships prior to 1966), the Jets' drought is the longest among current NFL franchises.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Cricket World Cup",
"paragraph_text": "The World Cup is open to all members of the International Cricket Council (ICC), although the highest - ranking teams receive automatic qualification. The remaining teams are determined via the World Cricket League and the ICC World Cup Qualifier. A total of twenty teams have competed in the eleven editions of the tournament, with fourteen competing in the latest edition in 2015; the next edition in 2019 will have only ten teams. Australia has won the tournament five times, with the West Indies, India (twice each), Pakistan and Sri Lanka (once each) also having won the tournament. The best performance by a non-full - member team came when Kenya made the semi-finals of the 2003 tournament. The tournament is the worlds 4th biggest sporting event behind the FIFA World Cup, Summer Olympics and the Rugby World Cup.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "King Kobra III",
"paragraph_text": "King Kobra III, released in 1988 on New Renaissance Records, was the first and last album by the Edwards, Michael-Phillips, Northrup, Hart and Appice line-up of King Kobra. After the demise of the original line-up, remaining members Carmine Appice and David Michael-Phillips teamed up with Johnny Edwards, Jeff Northrup and Larry Hart, all 3 members of the Sacramento, CA band Northrup at the time.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Kansas City Chiefs",
"paragraph_text": "The Chiefs have won three AFL championships, in 1962, 1966, and 1969 and became the second AFL team (after the New York Jets) to defeat an NFL team in an AFL -- NFL World Championship Game, when they defeated the Minnesota Vikings in Super Bowl IV. The team's victory on January 11, 1970, remains the club's last championship game victory and appearance to date, and occurred in the final such competition prior to the leagues' merger coming into full effect. The Chiefs were also the second team, after the Green Bay Packers, to appear in more than one Super Bowl (and the first AFL team to do so) and the first to appear in the championship game in two different decades.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Irving Davis",
"paragraph_text": "Cyril Irving Davis (December 12, 1896 – June 27, 1958) was an American soccer full back who played professionally with Philadelphia Field Club in the American Soccer League (ASL) from 1924 to 1926. He was born in Stourport-on-Severn, England. Davis was a member of the U.S. soccer team at the 1924 Summer Olympics. He went on to earn five caps with the U.S. national team in 1924 and 1925. His first game with the U.S. national team came in the U.S. victory over Estonia at the 1924 Olympics. His last game came on June 27, 1926, a 1-0 loss to Canada. He later went on to play for Fairhill F.C.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Super Dave: Daredevil for Hire",
"paragraph_text": "In the United States, the show premiered on September 12, 1992 on FOX. The series was cancelled after its first season, but a special based on the series titled \"The Super Dave Superbowl of Knowledge\" aired on January 29, 1994.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "T&TEC Sports Club",
"paragraph_text": "The Trinidad and Tobago Electricity Commission Sports Club, often referred to as T&TEC Sports Club is a state-owned football team from Trinidad and Tobago based in Gooding Village and was a member of the TT Pro League, the highest level of football in Trinidad.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Los Tarcos Rugby Club",
"paragraph_text": "The rugby union team is member of the Unión de Rugby de Tucumán and one of the most successful teams in the province, having won the provincial title 12 times and having reached the final of the Nacional de Clubes once. Many Tarcos players went on to represent Argentina at international level, including Luis Molina, Marcelo Ricci, Pablo and Fernando Buabse, Sergio Bunader and Leonardo Gravano.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "New York Jets",
"paragraph_text": "The team was founded in 1959 as the Titans of New York, an original member of the American Football League (AFL); later, the franchise joined the NFL in the AFL -- NFL merger in 1970. The team began to play in 1960 at the Polo Grounds. Under new ownership, the current name was adopted in 1963 and the franchise moved to Shea Stadium in 1964 and then to the Meadowlands Sports Complex in 1984. The Jets advanced to the playoffs for the first time in 1968 and went on to compete in Super Bowl III where they defeated the Baltimore Colts, becoming the first AFL team to defeat an NFL club in an AFL -- NFL World Championship Game. Since 1968, the Jets have appeared in the playoffs 13 times, and in the AFC Championship Game four times, most recently losing to the Pittsburgh Steelers in 2010. However, the Jets have never returned to the Super Bowl, making them one of three NFL teams to win their lone Super Bowl appearance, along with the New Orleans Saints and Tampa Bay Buccaneers. Apart from the Cleveland Browns and Detroit Lions, who have never reached the Super Bowl, the Jets' drought is the longest among current NFL franchises.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Anne, Princess Royal",
"paragraph_text": "At the age of 21, Anne won the individual title at the European Eventing Championship, and was voted the BBC Sports Personality of the Year in 1971. For more than five years, she also competed with the British eventing team, winning a silver medal in both individual and team disciplines in the 1975 European Eventing Championship, riding the home - bred Doublet. The following year, Anne participated in the 1976 Olympic Games in Montreal as a member of the British team, riding the Queen's horse, Goodwill. Anne assumed the Presidency of the Fédération Équestre Internationale from 1986 until 1994. On 5 February 1987, she became the first member of the Royal Family to appear as a contestant on a television quiz - show when she competed on the BBC panel game A Question of Sport.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Samantha Prahalis",
"paragraph_text": "Samantha Prahalis (born January 23, 1990 in Commack, New York) is an American basketball player who last played for the Los Angeles Sparks of the WNBA and currently for the Sardinian team CUS Cagliari. She went to Commack High School and played collegiately for Ohio State.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Tony Moulai",
"paragraph_text": "Tony Moulai (born 17 January 1976 in Saint-Nazaire) is a triathlete from France. Moulai has won three silver medals in his entire sporting career, including one for mixed team relay, and is currently ranked no. 13 in the world by the International Triathlon Union. He is also a member of the Poissy Triathlon team.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Zhaneta Ilieva",
"paragraph_text": "Zhaneta Tosheva Ilieva (; born October 3, 1984 in Veliko Tarnovo) is a retired Bulgarian rhythmic gymnast. She is a two-time member of the Bulgarian rhythmic gymnastics team at the World Championships, and contributed to a silver medal in the group all-around in 2003. The following year, at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, Ilieva helped her squad claim a bronze medal in the same program before her official retirement from the sport.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "List of Brooklyn Nine-Nine characters",
"paragraph_text": "Jamal Duff as Zeke, Sergeant Jeffords' brother - in - law. Zeke often taunts Terry for his shorter height and profession, leaving the latter to turn to Captain Holt for help.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Tuvalu",
"paragraph_text": "Football in Tuvalu is played at club and national team level. The Tuvalu national football team trains at the Tuvalu Sports Ground in Funafuti and competes in the Pacific Games. The Tuvalu National Football Association is an associate member of the Oceania Football Confederation (OFC) and is seeking membership in FIFA. The Tuvalu national futsal team participates in the Oceanian Futsal Championship.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Germany women's national football team",
"paragraph_text": "In 1955, the DFB decided to forbid women's football in all its clubs in West Germany. In its explanation, the DFB cited that \"this combative sport is fundamentally foreign to the nature of women\" and that \"body and soul would inevitably suffer damage\". Further, the \"display of the body violates etiquette and decency\". In spite of this ban, more than 150 unofficial international matches were played in the 1950s and 1960s. On 30 October 1970, the ban on women's football was lifted at the DFB annual convention.Other football associations had already formed official women's national teams in the 1970s, the DFB long remained uninvolved in women's football. In 1981, DFB official Horst R. Schmidt was invited to send a team to the unofficial women's football world championship. Schmidt accepted the invitation but hid the fact that West Germany had no women's national team at the time. To avoid humiliation, the DFB sent the German club champions Bergisch Gladbach 09, who went on to win the tournament. Seeing a need, the DFB established the women's national team in 1982. DFB president Hermann Neuberger appointed Gero Bisanz, an instructor at the Cologne Sports College, to set up the team.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "New York Jets",
"paragraph_text": "The team was founded in 1959 as the Titans of New York, an original member of the American Football League (AFL); later, the franchise joined the NFL in the AFL -- NFL merger in 1970. The team began to play in 1960 at the Polo Grounds. Under new ownership, the current name was adopted in 1963 and the franchise moved to Shea Stadium in 1964 and then to the Meadowlands Sports Complex in 1984. The Jets advanced to the playoffs for the first time in 1968 and went on to compete in Super Bowl III where they defeated the Baltimore Colts, becoming the first AFL team to defeat an NFL club in an AFL -- NFL World Championship Game. Since 1968, the Jets have appeared in the playoffs 13 times, and in the AFC Championship Game four times, most recently losing to the Pittsburgh Steelers in 2010. However, the Jets have never returned to the Super Bowl, making them one of three NFL teams to win their lone Super Bowl appearance, along with the New Orleans Saints and Tampa Bay Buccaneers.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Abby Bishop",
"paragraph_text": "Abby Bishop (born 29 November 1988) is an Australian professional basketball forward/center who last played for the Seattle Storm of the Women's National Basketball Association (WNBA). In Australia, she has played for the Australian Institute of Sport from 2005–2006, the Canberra Capitals from 2006–2010, Dandenong Rangers from 2010–2011 Canberra Capitals. She is currently a member of the Adelaide Lightning (2016/2017). She is a member of the Australia women's national basketball team and won a gold medal during the 2007 Oceania World Qualifications series and a bronze medal at the 2012 Summer Olympics.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
When was the last time Zeke Markshausen's team went to the Superbowl?
|
[
{
"id": 834547,
"question": "Zeke Markshausen >> member of sports team",
"answer": "Kansas City Chiefs",
"paragraph_support_idx": 1
},
{
"id": 77937,
"question": "when was the last time #1 went to the superbowl",
"answer": "January 11, 1970",
"paragraph_support_idx": 5
}
] |
January 11, 1970
|
[] | true |
2hop__812801_77937
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Irving Davis",
"paragraph_text": "Cyril Irving Davis (December 12, 1896 – June 27, 1958) was an American soccer full back who played professionally with Philadelphia Field Club in the American Soccer League (ASL) from 1924 to 1926. He was born in Stourport-on-Severn, England. Davis was a member of the U.S. soccer team at the 1924 Summer Olympics. He went on to earn five caps with the U.S. national team in 1924 and 1925. His first game with the U.S. national team came in the U.S. victory over Estonia at the 1924 Olympics. His last game came on June 27, 1926, a 1-0 loss to Canada. He later went on to play for Fairhill F.C.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "King Kobra III",
"paragraph_text": "King Kobra III, released in 1988 on New Renaissance Records, was the first and last album by the Edwards, Michael-Phillips, Northrup, Hart and Appice line-up of King Kobra. After the demise of the original line-up, remaining members Carmine Appice and David Michael-Phillips teamed up with Johnny Edwards, Jeff Northrup and Larry Hart, all 3 members of the Sacramento, CA band Northrup at the time.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Kabaddi",
"paragraph_text": "Kabaddi Kabaddi game Highest governing body International Kabaddi Federation Nicknames Kaudi, Pakaada, Hadudu, Bhavatik, Saadukuda, Hu - Tu - Tu, Himoshika, sadugudu Characteristics Contact Permitted Team members 7 (per side) Mixed gender Yes, separate competitions Type Team sport, Contact sport Equipment None Venue Kabaddi court Presence Country or region Indian Subcontinent tamilnadu Olympic Demonstration sport: 1936 Olympics",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Derrick Ross",
"paragraph_text": "Derrick Lewis Ross (born December 29, 1983) is an American football/arena football running back for the Jacksonville Sharks of the National Arena League (NAL). He played one season with the Kansas City Chiefs (2006). Ross played college football at Blinn College and Tarleton State University.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Cristina Yang",
"paragraph_text": "At the end of season 10, she says goodbye to her fellow co-workers she has come to know and love including Owen and Meredith. Cristina and Meredith share special moments together reminiscing about all the horrors they went through and dancing it out one last time. Cristina leaves for Zurich with surgical intern Shane Ross, who chooses to leave in order to study under her abroad.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "New York Jets",
"paragraph_text": "The team was founded in 1959 as the Titans of New York, an original member of the American Football League (AFL); later, the franchise joined the NFL in the AFL -- NFL merger in 1970. The team began to play in 1960 at the Polo Grounds. Under new ownership, the current name was adopted in 1963 and the franchise moved to Shea Stadium in 1964 and then to the Meadowlands Sports Complex in 1984. The Jets advanced to the playoffs for the first time in 1968 and went on to compete in Super Bowl III where they defeated the Baltimore Colts, becoming the first AFL team to defeat an NFL club in an AFL -- NFL World Championship Game. Since 1968, the Jets have appeared in the playoffs 13 times, and in the AFC Championship Game four times, most recently losing to the Pittsburgh Steelers in 2010. However, the Jets have never returned to the Super Bowl, making them one of three NFL teams to win their lone Super Bowl appearance, along with the New Orleans Saints and Tampa Bay Buccaneers. Apart from the Cleveland Browns and Detroit Lions, who have never reached the Super Bowl, the Jets' drought is the longest among current NFL franchises.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Los Tarcos Rugby Club",
"paragraph_text": "The rugby union team is member of the Unión de Rugby de Tucumán and one of the most successful teams in the province, having won the provincial title 12 times and having reached the final of the Nacional de Clubes once. Many Tarcos players went on to represent Argentina at international level, including Luis Molina, Marcelo Ricci, Pablo and Fernando Buabse, Sergio Bunader and Leonardo Gravano.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Kitchener Rangers",
"paragraph_text": "The Kitchener Rangers are a major junior ice hockey team based in Kitchener, Ontario, Canada. They are members of the Midwest Division of the Western Conference of the Ontario Hockey League. The Rangers have won the J. Ross Robertson Cup as OHL champions in 1981, 1982, 2003 and 2008. They have appeared in six Mastercard Memorial Cups (1981, 1982, 1984, 1990, 2003 and 2008), advancing to the final game of the tournament each of those six years. They are two - time Memorial Cup champions (1982, 2003).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Stephen M. Ross",
"paragraph_text": "Stephen M. Ross (born May 10, 1940) is an American real estate developer, philanthropist and sports team owner. Ross is the chairman and majority owner of The Related Companies, a global real estate development firm he founded in 1972. Related is best known for developing the Time Warner Center, where Ross lives and works, as well as the Hudson Yards Redevelopment Project. According to Forbes magazine, Ross had a net worth of $4.4 billion. Ross is also the principal owner of the Miami Dolphins and Hard Rock Stadium.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Nicolas Vallar",
"paragraph_text": "Hiro Nicolas Vallar (born 22 October 1983) is a footballer from Papeete, Tahiti currently playing for A.S. Central Sport. He is a member of Tahiti national football team.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "New York Jets",
"paragraph_text": "The team was founded in 1959 as the Titans of New York, an original member of the American Football League (AFL); later, the franchise joined the NFL in the AFL -- NFL merger in 1970. The team began to play in 1960 at the Polo Grounds. Under new ownership, the current name was adopted in 1963 and the franchise moved to Shea Stadium in 1964 and then to the Meadowlands Sports Complex in 1984. The Jets advanced to the playoffs for the first time in 1968 and went on to compete in Super Bowl III where they defeated the Baltimore Colts, becoming the first AFL team to defeat an NFL club in an AFL -- NFL World Championship Game. Since 1968, the Jets have appeared in the playoffs 13 times, and in the AFC Championship Game four times, most recently losing to the Pittsburgh Steelers in 2010. However, the Jets have never returned to the Super Bowl, making them one of three NFL teams to win their lone Super Bowl appearance, along with the New Orleans Saints and Tampa Bay Buccaneers.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Super Dave: Daredevil for Hire",
"paragraph_text": "In the United States, the show premiered on September 12, 1992 on FOX. The series was cancelled after its first season, but a special based on the series titled \"The Super Dave Superbowl of Knowledge\" aired on January 29, 1994.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Kansas City Chiefs",
"paragraph_text": "The Chiefs have won three AFL championships, in 1962, 1966, and 1969 and became the second AFL team (after the New York Jets) to defeat an NFL team in an AFL -- NFL World Championship Game, when they defeated the Minnesota Vikings in Super Bowl IV. The team's victory on January 11, 1970, remains the club's last championship game victory and appearance to date, and occurred in the final such competition prior to the leagues' merger coming into full effect. The Chiefs were also the second team, after the Green Bay Packers, to appear in more than one Super Bowl (and the first AFL team to do so) and the first to appear in the championship game in two different decades.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "New York Jets",
"paragraph_text": "The team was founded in 1959 as the Titans of New York, an original member of the American Football League (AFL); later, the franchise joined the NFL in the AFL -- NFL merger in 1970. The team began to play in 1960 at the Polo Grounds. Under new ownership, the current name was adopted in 1963 and the franchise moved to Shea Stadium in 1964 and then to the Meadowlands Sports Complex in 1984. The Jets advanced to the playoffs for the first time in 1968 and went on to compete in Super Bowl III where they defeated the Baltimore Colts, becoming the first AFL team to defeat an NFL club in an AFL -- NFL World Championship Game. Since 1968, the Jets have appeared in the playoffs 13 times, and in the AFC Championship Game four times, most recently losing to the Pittsburgh Steelers in 2010. However, the Jets have never returned to the Super Bowl, making them one of three NFL teams to win their lone Super Bowl appearance, along with the New Orleans Saints and Tampa Bay Buccaneers. Apart from the Cleveland Browns and Detroit Lions, who have never reached the Super Bowl (although both won NFL championships prior to 1966), the Jets' drought is the longest among current NFL franchises.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Gaylord Powless",
"paragraph_text": "Gaylord (Ross) Powless (1946–2001) was a Haudenosaunee lacrosse player from the Six Nations of the Grand River First Nation Indian reserve near Brantford, Ontario. His father Ross was also a highly regarded player. In 2017, Powless was inducted into the Canadian Sports Hall of Fame.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "T&TEC Sports Club",
"paragraph_text": "The Trinidad and Tobago Electricity Commission Sports Club, often referred to as T&TEC Sports Club is a state-owned football team from Trinidad and Tobago based in Gooding Village and was a member of the TT Pro League, the highest level of football in Trinidad.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Derrick Dukes",
"paragraph_text": "Derrick Dukes (born in Barberton, Ohio, residing in Cottage Grove, MN, his home) is an American professional wrestler best known for his stint in the American Wrestling Association (AWA) in the late 1980s as one half of the tag team The Top Guns with Ricky Rice. The team was originally made up of Rice and Jon Paul DeMans. However, DeMans left the AWA and Dukes replaced him as a member of the team.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Flying Fifty-Five",
"paragraph_text": "Flying Fifty-Five is a 1939 British sports-drama film directed by Reginald Denham and starring Derrick De Marney, Nancy Burne, John Warwick and Peter Gawthorne. It was made by Admiral Films at Welwyn Studios. The film is based on a 1922 novel of the same name by Edgar Wallace.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "The Gentle Sex",
"paragraph_text": "The Gentle Sex is a 1943 British, black-and-white romantic comedy-drama war film directed and narrated by Leslie Howard. It was produced by Concanen Productions, Two Cities Films and Derrick de Marney. \"The Gentle Sex\" was Howard's last film before his death.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Derrick Seaver",
"paragraph_text": "Derrick Seaver is a former member of the Ohio House of Representatives, representing the 78th District from 2001 to 2006. His election in 2000 was notable as he was elected to office at 18 years of age.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
When was the last time the team that Derrick Ross played for went to the Superbowl?
|
[
{
"id": 812801,
"question": "Derrick Ross >> member of sports team",
"answer": "Kansas City Chiefs",
"paragraph_support_idx": 3
},
{
"id": 77937,
"question": "when was the last time #1 went to the superbowl",
"answer": "January 11, 1970",
"paragraph_support_idx": 12
}
] |
January 11, 1970
|
[] | true |
2hop__240124_77937
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Cool Runnings",
"paragraph_text": "Cool Runnings is a 1993 American comedy sports film directed by Jon Turteltaub and starring Leon, Doug E. Doug, Rawle D. Lewis, Malik Yoba, and John Candy. The film was released in the United States on October 1, 1993. It was Candy's last film to be released during his lifetime. It is loosely based on the true story of the Jamaica national bobsleigh team's debut in competition during the 1988 Winter Olympics in Calgary, Alberta, Canada. The film received positive reviews, and the film's soundtrack also became popular with Jimmy Cliff's cover of \"I Can See Clearly Now\" reaching the top 40 as a single in nations such as Canada, France, and the UK.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Ethel Hudson",
"paragraph_text": "Ethel Hudson (1896?, Salem, Massachusetts – 1992, Concord, New Hampshire) was the last surviving member of the Canterbury Shaker Village in New Hampshire.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Hudson Commodore",
"paragraph_text": "The Hudson Commodore is an automobile which was produced by the Hudson Motor Car Company of Detroit, Michigan between 1941 and 1952. During its time in production, the Commodore was the largest and most luxurious Hudson model.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "New York Jets",
"paragraph_text": "The team was founded in 1959 as the Titans of New York, an original member of the American Football League (AFL); later, the franchise joined the NFL in the AFL -- NFL merger in 1970. The team began to play in 1960 at the Polo Grounds. Under new ownership, the current name was adopted in 1963 and the franchise moved to Shea Stadium in 1964 and then to the Meadowlands Sports Complex in 1984. The Jets advanced to the playoffs for the first time in 1968 and went on to compete in Super Bowl III where they defeated the Baltimore Colts, becoming the first AFL team to defeat an NFL club in an AFL -- NFL World Championship Game. Since 1968, the Jets have appeared in the playoffs 13 times, and in the AFC Championship Game four times, most recently losing to the Pittsburgh Steelers in 2010. However, the Jets have never returned to the Super Bowl, making them one of three NFL teams to win their lone Super Bowl appearance, along with the New Orleans Saints and Tampa Bay Buccaneers. Apart from the Cleveland Browns and Detroit Lions, who have never reached the Super Bowl (although both won NFL championships prior to 1966), the Jets' drought is the longest among current NFL franchises.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Kansas City Chiefs",
"paragraph_text": "The Chiefs have won three AFL championships, in 1962, 1966, and 1969 and became the second AFL team (after the New York Jets) to defeat an NFL team in an AFL -- NFL World Championship Game, when they defeated the Minnesota Vikings in Super Bowl IV. The team's victory on January 11, 1970, remains the club's last championship game victory and appearance to date, and occurred in the final such competition prior to the leagues' merger coming into full effect. The Chiefs were also the second team, after the Green Bay Packers, to appear in more than one Super Bowl (and the first AFL team to do so) and the first to appear in the championship game in two different decades.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Roscoe's House of Chicken and Waffles",
"paragraph_text": "Soon after it was opened, Hudson had friends in Motown and television such as Natalie Cole spread the word to other celebrities; Redd Foxx would tell his audience that he went there. The Los Angeles Times refers to Roscoe's as ``such an L.A. institution that people do n't even question the strange combo anymore. ''The New York Times refers to it as a`` beloved soul food chain.'' The original location in Hollywood remains popular with celebrities.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "T&TEC Sports Club",
"paragraph_text": "The Trinidad and Tobago Electricity Commission Sports Club, often referred to as T&TEC Sports Club is a state-owned football team from Trinidad and Tobago based in Gooding Village and was a member of the TT Pro League, the highest level of football in Trinidad.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Doug Hudson",
"paragraph_text": "Benjamin Douglas Hudson (born September 11, 1964 in Memphis, Tennessee) is a former professional American football quarterback for the Kansas City Chiefs of the National Football League (NFL). He graduated from Gulf Breeze, FL high school and played collegiate football at Nicholls State University",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "New York Jets",
"paragraph_text": "The team was founded in 1959 as the Titans of New York, an original member of the American Football League (AFL); later, the franchise joined the NFL in the AFL -- NFL merger in 1970. The team began to play in 1960 at the Polo Grounds. Under new ownership, the current name was adopted in 1963 and the franchise moved to Shea Stadium in 1964 and then to the Meadowlands Sports Complex in 1984. The Jets advanced to the playoffs for the first time in 1968 and went on to compete in Super Bowl III where they defeated the Baltimore Colts, becoming the first AFL team to defeat an NFL club in an AFL -- NFL World Championship Game. Since 1968, the Jets have appeared in the playoffs 13 times, and in the AFC Championship Game four times, most recently losing to the Pittsburgh Steelers in 2010. However, the Jets have never returned to the Super Bowl, making them one of three NFL teams to win their lone Super Bowl appearance, along with the New Orleans Saints and Tampa Bay Buccaneers. Apart from the Cleveland Browns and Detroit Lions, who have never reached the Super Bowl, the Jets' drought is the longest among current NFL franchises.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Doug Naysmith",
"paragraph_text": "Doug Naysmith was born in Musselburgh, Scotland, and attended the local Burgh School before attending the independent George Heriot's School in Edinburgh. He went on to study at the University of Edinburgh where he was awarded a Bachelor of Science degree in Zoology before going on to complete a Doctorate in Immunology. He went on to research at Yale University in New Haven, Connecticut, USA.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "The Lively Set",
"paragraph_text": "The Lively Set is a 1964 American In Color action drama sport film directed by Jack Arnold and starring James Darren, Pamela Tiffin, Doug McClure and Joanie Sommers.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Hudson Valley Quickstrike Lady Blues",
"paragraph_text": "Hudson Valley Quickstrike Lady Blues was an American women’s soccer team, founded in 2006. The team was a member of the United Soccer Leagues W-League, the second tier of women’s soccer in the United States and Canada. The team played in the Northeast Division of the Eastern Conference. The team folded after the 2010 season",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "330 Hudson",
"paragraph_text": "Constructed in 1910, 330 Hudson originally was an eight-story warehouse building and was designed by Charles Haight. One of the original tenants was the Waterman Pen Company, Masback Hardware Company occupied the building from 1935 until 1979, when the Company moved to North Bergen New Jersey. Masback went out of business in 1996 and the transformation of the Hudson Square neighborhood from a manufacturing to a mixed use neighborhood led to the adaptive re-use of 330 Hudson.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Super Dave: Daredevil for Hire",
"paragraph_text": "In the United States, the show premiered on September 12, 1992 on FOX. The series was cancelled after its first season, but a special based on the series titled \"The Super Dave Superbowl of Knowledge\" aired on January 29, 1994.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Irving Davis",
"paragraph_text": "Cyril Irving Davis (December 12, 1896 – June 27, 1958) was an American soccer full back who played professionally with Philadelphia Field Club in the American Soccer League (ASL) from 1924 to 1926. He was born in Stourport-on-Severn, England. Davis was a member of the U.S. soccer team at the 1924 Summer Olympics. He went on to earn five caps with the U.S. national team in 1924 and 1925. His first game with the U.S. national team came in the U.S. victory over Estonia at the 1924 Olympics. His last game came on June 27, 1926, a 1-0 loss to Canada. He later went on to play for Fairhill F.C.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Kabaddi",
"paragraph_text": "Kabaddi Kabaddi game Highest governing body International Kabaddi Federation Nicknames Kaudi, Pakaada, Hadudu, Bhavatik, Saadukuda, Hu - Tu - Tu, Himoshika, sadugudu Characteristics Contact Permitted Team members 7 (per side) Mixed gender Yes, separate competitions Type Team sport, Contact sport Equipment None Venue Kabaddi court Presence Country or region Indian Subcontinent tamilnadu Olympic Demonstration sport: 1936 Olympics",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Cool Runnings",
"paragraph_text": "Cool Runnings is a 1993 American comedy sports film directed by Jon Turteltaub and starring Leon, Doug E. Doug, Rawle D. Lewis, Malik Yoba, and John Candy. The film was released in the United States on October 1, 1993. It was Candy's last film to be released during his lifetime. It is loosely based on the true story of the Jamaica national bobsleigh team's debut in competition during the 1988 Winter Olympics in Calgary, Alberta, Canada. The film received positive reviews, and the film's soundtrack also became popular with Jimmy Cliff's cover of ``I Can See Clearly Now ''reaching the top 40 as a single in nations such as Canada, France, and the UK.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Deca Sports Extreme",
"paragraph_text": "Deca Sports Extreme is a sports video game for the Nintendo 3DS which is developed by Hudson Soft and published by Konami in the \"Deca Sports\" series. The first images of the game were leaked by the Official Nintendo Magazine in late December 2010.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Stephen M. Ross",
"paragraph_text": "Stephen M. Ross (born May 10, 1940) is an American real estate developer, philanthropist and sports team owner. Ross is the chairman and majority owner of The Related Companies, a global real estate development firm he founded in 1972. Related is best known for developing the Time Warner Center, where Ross lives and works, as well as the Hudson Yards Redevelopment Project. According to Forbes magazine, Ross had a net worth of $4.4 billion. Ross is also the principal owner of the Miami Dolphins and Hard Rock Stadium.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Los Tarcos Rugby Club",
"paragraph_text": "The rugby union team is member of the Unión de Rugby de Tucumán and one of the most successful teams in the province, having won the provincial title 12 times and having reached the final of the Nacional de Clubes once. Many Tarcos players went on to represent Argentina at international level, including Luis Molina, Marcelo Ricci, Pablo and Fernando Buabse, Sergio Bunader and Leonardo Gravano.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
When was the last time that the team that Doug Hudson was a member of, went to the Superbowl?
|
[
{
"id": 240124,
"question": "Doug Hudson >> member of sports team",
"answer": "Kansas City Chiefs",
"paragraph_support_idx": 7
},
{
"id": 77937,
"question": "when was the last time #1 went to the superbowl",
"answer": "January 11, 1970",
"paragraph_support_idx": 4
}
] |
January 11, 1970
|
[] | true |
2hop__408537_77937
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Los Tarcos Rugby Club",
"paragraph_text": "The rugby union team is member of the Unión de Rugby de Tucumán and one of the most successful teams in the province, having won the provincial title 12 times and having reached the final of the Nacional de Clubes once. Many Tarcos players went on to represent Argentina at international level, including Luis Molina, Marcelo Ricci, Pablo and Fernando Buabse, Sergio Bunader and Leonardo Gravano.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Cricket World Cup",
"paragraph_text": "The World Cup is open to all members of the International Cricket Council (ICC), although the highest - ranking teams receive automatic qualification. The remaining teams are determined via the World Cricket League and the ICC World Cup Qualifier. A total of twenty teams have competed in the eleven editions of the tournament, with fourteen competing in the latest edition in 2015; the next edition in 2019 will have only ten teams. Australia has won the tournament five times, with the West Indies, India (twice each), Pakistan and Sri Lanka (once each) also having won the tournament. The best performance by a non-full - member team came when Kenya made the semi-finals of the 2003 tournament. The tournament is the worlds 4th biggest sporting event behind the FIFA World Cup, Summer Olympics and the Rugby World Cup.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Kansas City Chiefs",
"paragraph_text": "The Chiefs have won three AFL championships, in 1962, 1966, and 1969 and became the second AFL team (after the New York Jets) to defeat an NFL team in an AFL -- NFL World Championship Game, when they defeated the Minnesota Vikings in Super Bowl IV. The team's victory on January 11, 1970, remains the club's last championship game victory and appearance to date, and occurred in the final such competition prior to the leagues' merger coming into full effect. The Chiefs were also the second team, after the Green Bay Packers, to appear in more than one Super Bowl (and the first AFL team to do so) and the first to appear in the championship game in two different decades.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Sid Meier's Colonization",
"paragraph_text": "Sid Meier's Colonization is a computer game by Brian Reynolds and Sid Meier released by MicroProse in 1994. It is a turn-based strategy game themed on the early European colonization of the New World, starting in 1492 and lasting until 1850. It was originally released for DOS, and later ported to Windows 3.1 (1995), the Amiga (1995), and Macintosh (1995). American video game publisher Tommo purchased the rights to this game in 2015 and digitally published it through their Retroism brand.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Tommy Smith (ice hockey)",
"paragraph_text": "Thomas Joseph Smith (September 27, 1886 – August 1, 1966) was a Canadian professional ice hockey forward, who played from 1905 until 1920 for 16 teams in his career. He was a member of two Stanley Cup-winning teams, the Ottawa Silver Seven of 1906 and the Quebec Bulldogs of 1913. His two brothers Alf Smith and Harry Smith also played professional ice hockey.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "King Kobra III",
"paragraph_text": "King Kobra III, released in 1988 on New Renaissance Records, was the first and last album by the Edwards, Michael-Phillips, Northrup, Hart and Appice line-up of King Kobra. After the demise of the original line-up, remaining members Carmine Appice and David Michael-Phillips teamed up with Johnny Edwards, Jeff Northrup and Larry Hart, all 3 members of the Sacramento, CA band Northrup at the time.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Wee Willie Smith",
"paragraph_text": "The 6'5\" Smith was one of the first great African American basketball players. He played for several semi-professional leagues in the Cleveland, Ohio area before being signed by the New York Renaissance, an all-black professional team, in 1932. From 1932 to 1936, Smith and his six teammates won over 400 games, including an 88-game winning streak from January 1, 1933 to March 27, 1933. The entire 1932–33 Renaissance team was collectively inducted into the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame in 1963. Smith played for several other professional teams, including the Cleveland Chase Brassmen of the National Basketball League. He was one of the few black players in the history of the NBL. After basketball, he worked as a custodian in the Cleveland Public Schools and operated a beverage shop. He was inducted into the Harlem Hall of Fame and the Greater Cleveland Sports Hall of Fame in 1977.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Tuvalu",
"paragraph_text": "Football in Tuvalu is played at club and national team level. The Tuvalu national football team trains at the Tuvalu Sports Ground in Funafuti and competes in the Pacific Games. The Tuvalu National Football Association is an associate member of the Oceania Football Confederation (OFC) and is seeking membership in FIFA. The Tuvalu national futsal team participates in the Oceanian Futsal Championship.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "New York Jets",
"paragraph_text": "The team was founded in 1959 as the Titans of New York, an original member of the American Football League (AFL); later, the franchise joined the NFL in the AFL -- NFL merger in 1970. The team began to play in 1960 at the Polo Grounds. Under new ownership, the current name was adopted in 1963 and the franchise moved to Shea Stadium in 1964 and then to the Meadowlands Sports Complex in 1984. The Jets advanced to the playoffs for the first time in 1968 and went on to compete in Super Bowl III where they defeated the Baltimore Colts, becoming the first AFL team to defeat an NFL club in an AFL -- NFL World Championship Game. Since 1968, the Jets have appeared in the playoffs 13 times, and in the AFC Championship Game four times, most recently losing to the Pittsburgh Steelers in 2010. However, the Jets have never returned to the Super Bowl, making them one of three NFL teams to win their lone Super Bowl appearance, along with the New Orleans Saints and Tampa Bay Buccaneers.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Todd Smith (singer)",
"paragraph_text": "James Todd Smith (who goes by Todd Smith) is a singer and founding member of the contemporary Christian music band Selah. Smith remains an original member since its founding in 1997.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Stacey-Ann Smith",
"paragraph_text": "Stacey-Ann Smith (born January 8, 1991) is a female sprinter who currently represents the United States of America. She recently represented Team USA at the 2014 Penn Relays USA vs The World 4x100 relay which won the silver medal. Stacey was also selected for the 2014 USA World Relay Team for the 4x100 meter relay. A graduate of and the University of Texas where Smith was a 4 Time All American Sprinter. In 2010 Smith finished 4th in the World Junior Championship 400m final and was part of the Gold Medal winning US relay team. Smith has a personal best of 23.27 for the 200m and 52.83 for the 400m.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Kabaddi",
"paragraph_text": "Kabaddi Kabaddi game Highest governing body International Kabaddi Federation Nicknames Kaudi, Pakaada, Hadudu, Bhavatik, Saadukuda, Hu - Tu - Tu, Himoshika, sadugudu Characteristics Contact Permitted Team members 7 (per side) Mixed gender Yes, separate competitions Type Team sport, Contact sport Equipment None Venue Kabaddi court Presence Country or region Indian Subcontinent tamilnadu Olympic Demonstration sport: 1936 Olympics",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "New York Jets",
"paragraph_text": "The team was founded in 1959 as the Titans of New York, an original member of the American Football League (AFL); later, the franchise joined the NFL in the AFL -- NFL merger in 1970. The team began to play in 1960 at the Polo Grounds. Under new ownership, the current name was adopted in 1963 and the franchise moved to Shea Stadium in 1964 and then to the Meadowlands Sports Complex in 1984. The Jets advanced to the playoffs for the first time in 1968 and went on to compete in Super Bowl III where they defeated the Baltimore Colts, becoming the first AFL team to defeat an NFL club in an AFL -- NFL World Championship Game. Since 1968, the Jets have appeared in the playoffs 13 times, and in the AFC Championship Game four times, most recently losing to the Pittsburgh Steelers in 2010. However, the Jets have never returned to the Super Bowl, making them one of three NFL teams to win their lone Super Bowl appearance, along with the New Orleans Saints and Tampa Bay Buccaneers. Apart from the Cleveland Browns and Detroit Lions, who have never reached the Super Bowl (although both won NFL championships prior to 1966), the Jets' drought is the longest among current NFL franchises.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Nicolas Vallar",
"paragraph_text": "Hiro Nicolas Vallar (born 22 October 1983) is a footballer from Papeete, Tahiti currently playing for A.S. Central Sport. He is a member of Tahiti national football team.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "New York Jets",
"paragraph_text": "The team was founded in 1959 as the Titans of New York, an original member of the American Football League (AFL); later, the franchise joined the NFL in the AFL -- NFL merger in 1970. The team began to play in 1960 at the Polo Grounds. Under new ownership, the current name was adopted in 1963 and the franchise moved to Shea Stadium in 1964 and then to the Meadowlands Sports Complex in 1984. The Jets advanced to the playoffs for the first time in 1968 and went on to compete in Super Bowl III where they defeated the Baltimore Colts, becoming the first AFL team to defeat an NFL club in an AFL -- NFL World Championship Game. Since 1968, the Jets have appeared in the playoffs 13 times, and in the AFC Championship Game four times, most recently losing to the Pittsburgh Steelers in 2010. However, the Jets have never returned to the Super Bowl, making them one of three NFL teams to win their lone Super Bowl appearance, along with the New Orleans Saints and Tampa Bay Buccaneers. Apart from the Cleveland Browns and Detroit Lions, who have never reached the Super Bowl, the Jets' drought is the longest among current NFL franchises.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Germany women's national football team",
"paragraph_text": "In 1955, the DFB decided to forbid women's football in all its clubs in West Germany. In its explanation, the DFB cited that \"this combative sport is fundamentally foreign to the nature of women\" and that \"body and soul would inevitably suffer damage\". Further, the \"display of the body violates etiquette and decency\". In spite of this ban, more than 150 unofficial international matches were played in the 1950s and 1960s. On 30 October 1970, the ban on women's football was lifted at the DFB annual convention.Other football associations had already formed official women's national teams in the 1970s, the DFB long remained uninvolved in women's football. In 1981, DFB official Horst R. Schmidt was invited to send a team to the unofficial women's football world championship. Schmidt accepted the invitation but hid the fact that West Germany had no women's national team at the time. To avoid humiliation, the DFB sent the German club champions Bergisch Gladbach 09, who went on to win the tournament. Seeing a need, the DFB established the women's national team in 1982. DFB president Hermann Neuberger appointed Gero Bisanz, an instructor at the Cologne Sports College, to set up the team.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Abby Bishop",
"paragraph_text": "Abby Bishop (born 29 November 1988) is an Australian professional basketball forward/center who last played for the Seattle Storm of the Women's National Basketball Association (WNBA). In Australia, she has played for the Australian Institute of Sport from 2005–2006, the Canberra Capitals from 2006–2010, Dandenong Rangers from 2010–2011 Canberra Capitals. She is currently a member of the Adelaide Lightning (2016/2017). She is a member of the Australia women's national basketball team and won a gold medal during the 2007 Oceania World Qualifications series and a bronze medal at the 2012 Summer Olympics.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Sid Smith (American football)",
"paragraph_text": "Sidney Ercil Smith (born July 6, 1948) is a former American football offensive lineman who played for the Kansas City Chiefs and the Houston Oilers of the National Football League. Smith was drafted by the Chiefs in the first round of the 1970 NFL Draft, the team's first pick since their alignment to the NFL. He is an alumnus of the University of Southern California.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "T&TEC Sports Club",
"paragraph_text": "The Trinidad and Tobago Electricity Commission Sports Club, often referred to as T&TEC Sports Club is a state-owned football team from Trinidad and Tobago based in Gooding Village and was a member of the TT Pro League, the highest level of football in Trinidad.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Irving Davis",
"paragraph_text": "Cyril Irving Davis (December 12, 1896 – June 27, 1958) was an American soccer full back who played professionally with Philadelphia Field Club in the American Soccer League (ASL) from 1924 to 1926. He was born in Stourport-on-Severn, England. Davis was a member of the U.S. soccer team at the 1924 Summer Olympics. He went on to earn five caps with the U.S. national team in 1924 and 1925. His first game with the U.S. national team came in the U.S. victory over Estonia at the 1924 Olympics. His last game came on June 27, 1926, a 1-0 loss to Canada. He later went on to play for Fairhill F.C.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
When was the last time the team Sid Smith played for went to the Superbowl?
|
[
{
"id": 408537,
"question": "Sid Smith >> member of sports team",
"answer": "Kansas City Chiefs",
"paragraph_support_idx": 17
},
{
"id": 77937,
"question": "when was the last time #1 went to the superbowl",
"answer": "January 11, 1970",
"paragraph_support_idx": 2
}
] |
January 11, 1970
|
[] | true |
2hop__423625_77937
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Cupid Car Club",
"paragraph_text": "Cupid Car Club, also known as Cupid Car Club M.P., was a short-lived American post-hardcore band consisting of Ian Svenonius on vocals, James Canty on drums, Steve Gamboa on guitar (all of which were previously members of Nation of Ulysses and later went on to form The Make-Up), and Kim Thompson (of The Delta 72) on bass and vocals.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Ernie Thompson (American football)",
"paragraph_text": "Ernie Thompson is a retired American football player in the National Football League who played running back for the Los Angeles Rams in 1991 and for the Kansas City Chiefs in 1993.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "New York Jets",
"paragraph_text": "The team was founded in 1959 as the Titans of New York, an original member of the American Football League (AFL); later, the franchise joined the NFL in the AFL -- NFL merger in 1970. The team began to play in 1960 at the Polo Grounds. Under new ownership, the current name was adopted in 1963 and the franchise moved to Shea Stadium in 1964 and then to the Meadowlands Sports Complex in 1984. The Jets advanced to the playoffs for the first time in 1968 and went on to compete in Super Bowl III where they defeated the Baltimore Colts, becoming the first AFL team to defeat an NFL club in an AFL -- NFL World Championship Game. Since 1968, the Jets have appeared in the playoffs 13 times, and in the AFC Championship Game four times, most recently losing to the Pittsburgh Steelers in 2010. However, the Jets have never returned to the Super Bowl, making them one of three NFL teams to win their lone Super Bowl appearance, along with the New Orleans Saints and Tampa Bay Buccaneers. Apart from the Cleveland Browns and Detroit Lions, who have never reached the Super Bowl, the Jets' drought is the longest among current NFL franchises.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "William Hale Thompson",
"paragraph_text": "William Hale Thompson (May 14, 1869 -- March 19, 1944) was an American politician, mayor of Chicago for three terms, from 1915 to 1923 and again from 1927 to 1931. Known as ``Big Bill ''Thompson, he is the last Republican to have served as mayor of Chicago to date. Historians rank Thompson among the most unethical mayors in American history, mainly for his open alliance with Al Capone. However, others recognize the effectiveness of his political methods and publicity - oriented campaigning, acknowledging him as a`` Political Chameleon'' and an effective political machine. TIME magazine said in 1931, ``chief credit for creating 20th Century Politics Chicago Style ''should go to William Thompson.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Cricket World Cup",
"paragraph_text": "The World Cup is open to all members of the International Cricket Council (ICC), although the highest - ranking teams receive automatic qualification. The remaining teams are determined via the World Cricket League and the ICC World Cup Qualifier. A total of twenty teams have competed in the eleven editions of the tournament, with fourteen competing in the latest edition in 2015; the next edition in 2019 will have only ten teams. Australia has won the tournament five times, with the West Indies, India (twice each), Pakistan and Sri Lanka (once each) also having won the tournament. The best performance by a non-full - member team came when Kenya made the semi-finals of the 2003 tournament. The tournament is the worlds 4th biggest sporting event behind the FIFA World Cup, Summer Olympics and the Rugby World Cup.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Kansas City Chiefs",
"paragraph_text": "The Chiefs have won three AFL championships, in 1962, 1966, and 1969 and became the second AFL team (after the New York Jets) to defeat an NFL team in an AFL -- NFL World Championship Game, when they defeated the Minnesota Vikings in Super Bowl IV. The team's victory on January 11, 1970, remains the club's last championship game victory and appearance to date, and occurred in the final such competition prior to the leagues' merger coming into full effect. The Chiefs were also the second team, after the Green Bay Packers, to appear in more than one Super Bowl (and the first AFL team to do so) and the first to appear in the championship game in two different decades.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Bullet (band)",
"paragraph_text": "Bullet was a one-hit wonder American rock band. Their only hit, \"White Lies, Blue Eyes\", peaked at #28 on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 chart in January 1972. Band member (keyboards, vocals) Roget Pontbriand went on to play with K.C. and the Sunshine Band and Wild Cherry. Other members included Ernie Sorrentino and Mike Micara.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Night Train to Murder",
"paragraph_text": "Night Train to Murder is a 1985 British comedy film, directed by Joseph McGrath and starring Morecambe and Wise. It was the last work that Eric Morecambe and Ernie Wise worked on together before Morecambe's death in 1984 (the comedian being in poor health at the time of filming). It was written as a pastiche of the works of various writers including Agatha Christie and Edgar Wallace, and is set in 1946—featuring Morecambe and Wise ostensibly as 1940s versions of themselves.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Los Tarcos Rugby Club",
"paragraph_text": "The rugby union team is member of the Unión de Rugby de Tucumán and one of the most successful teams in the province, having won the provincial title 12 times and having reached the final of the Nacional de Clubes once. Many Tarcos players went on to represent Argentina at international level, including Luis Molina, Marcelo Ricci, Pablo and Fernando Buabse, Sergio Bunader and Leonardo Gravano.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "King Kobra III",
"paragraph_text": "King Kobra III, released in 1988 on New Renaissance Records, was the first and last album by the Edwards, Michael-Phillips, Northrup, Hart and Appice line-up of King Kobra. After the demise of the original line-up, remaining members Carmine Appice and David Michael-Phillips teamed up with Johnny Edwards, Jeff Northrup and Larry Hart, all 3 members of the Sacramento, CA band Northrup at the time.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Nicolas Vallar",
"paragraph_text": "Hiro Nicolas Vallar (born 22 October 1983) is a footballer from Papeete, Tahiti currently playing for A.S. Central Sport. He is a member of Tahiti national football team.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "New York Jets",
"paragraph_text": "The team was founded in 1959 as the Titans of New York, an original member of the American Football League (AFL); later, the franchise joined the NFL in the AFL -- NFL merger in 1970. The team began to play in 1960 at the Polo Grounds. Under new ownership, the current name was adopted in 1963 and the franchise moved to Shea Stadium in 1964 and then to the Meadowlands Sports Complex in 1984. The Jets advanced to the playoffs for the first time in 1968 and went on to compete in Super Bowl III where they defeated the Baltimore Colts, becoming the first AFL team to defeat an NFL club in an AFL -- NFL World Championship Game. Since 1968, the Jets have appeared in the playoffs 13 times, and in the AFC Championship Game four times, most recently losing to the Pittsburgh Steelers in 2010. However, the Jets have never returned to the Super Bowl, making them one of three NFL teams to win their lone Super Bowl appearance, along with the New Orleans Saints and Tampa Bay Buccaneers.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Hanna Thompson",
"paragraph_text": "Hanna Thompson (born November 1, 1983 in Rochester, New York) is an American foil fencer who is a member of the 2008 Olympics U.S. Women's foil team, which won the silver medal.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Irving Davis",
"paragraph_text": "Cyril Irving Davis (December 12, 1896 – June 27, 1958) was an American soccer full back who played professionally with Philadelphia Field Club in the American Soccer League (ASL) from 1924 to 1926. He was born in Stourport-on-Severn, England. Davis was a member of the U.S. soccer team at the 1924 Summer Olympics. He went on to earn five caps with the U.S. national team in 1924 and 1925. His first game with the U.S. national team came in the U.S. victory over Estonia at the 1924 Olympics. His last game came on June 27, 1926, a 1-0 loss to Canada. He later went on to play for Fairhill F.C.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Kabaddi",
"paragraph_text": "Kabaddi Kabaddi game Highest governing body International Kabaddi Federation Nicknames Kaudi, Pakaada, Hadudu, Bhavatik, Saadukuda, Hu - Tu - Tu, Himoshika, sadugudu Characteristics Contact Permitted Team members 7 (per side) Mixed gender Yes, separate competitions Type Team sport, Contact sport Equipment None Venue Kabaddi court Presence Country or region Indian Subcontinent tamilnadu Olympic Demonstration sport: 1936 Olympics",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "New York Jets",
"paragraph_text": "The team was founded in 1959 as the Titans of New York, an original member of the American Football League (AFL); later, the franchise joined the NFL in the AFL -- NFL merger in 1970. The team began to play in 1960 at the Polo Grounds. Under new ownership, the current name was adopted in 1963 and the franchise moved to Shea Stadium in 1964 and then to the Meadowlands Sports Complex in 1984. The Jets advanced to the playoffs for the first time in 1968 and went on to compete in Super Bowl III where they defeated the Baltimore Colts, becoming the first AFL team to defeat an NFL club in an AFL -- NFL World Championship Game. Since 1968, the Jets have appeared in the playoffs 13 times, and in the AFC Championship Game four times, most recently losing to the Pittsburgh Steelers in 2010. However, the Jets have never returned to the Super Bowl, making them one of three NFL teams to win their lone Super Bowl appearance, along with the New Orleans Saints and Tampa Bay Buccaneers. Apart from the Cleveland Browns and Detroit Lions, who have never reached the Super Bowl (although both won NFL championships prior to 1966), the Jets' drought is the longest among current NFL franchises.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Luke Thompson (rugby union)",
"paragraph_text": "Thompson obtained Japanese citizenship in July 2011 after 7 years in Japan, and is well settled. His sister Anna Thompson is a member of the New Zealand national netball team, the Silver Ferns.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "T&TEC Sports Club",
"paragraph_text": "The Trinidad and Tobago Electricity Commission Sports Club, often referred to as T&TEC Sports Club is a state-owned football team from Trinidad and Tobago based in Gooding Village and was a member of the TT Pro League, the highest level of football in Trinidad.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Last Chorus",
"paragraph_text": "Last Chorus is a posthumous album by American jazz saxophonist Ernie Henry featuring tracks recorded in 1956 and 1957 for the Riverside label.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Farmer Glacier",
"paragraph_text": "Farmer Glacier () is a glacier flowing north west into Starshot Glacier, and located between Mount McKerrow to the north and Thompson Mountain to the south, at the southern end of the Surveyors Range in Antarctica. It was named in honor of D. W. Farmer, a member of the 1960 Cape Hallett winter-over team, working as a technician on the geomagnetic project.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
When did Ernie Thompson's team last go to the superbowl?
|
[
{
"id": 423625,
"question": "Ernie Thompson >> member of sports team",
"answer": "Kansas City Chiefs",
"paragraph_support_idx": 1
},
{
"id": 77937,
"question": "when was the last time #1 went to the superbowl",
"answer": "January 11, 1970",
"paragraph_support_idx": 5
}
] |
January 11, 1970
|
[] | true |
2hop__565717_77937
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Abby Bishop",
"paragraph_text": "Abby Bishop (born 29 November 1988) is an Australian professional basketball forward/center who last played for the Seattle Storm of the Women's National Basketball Association (WNBA). In Australia, she has played for the Australian Institute of Sport from 2005–2006, the Canberra Capitals from 2006–2010, Dandenong Rangers from 2010–2011 Canberra Capitals. She is currently a member of the Adelaide Lightning (2016/2017). She is a member of the Australia women's national basketball team and won a gold medal during the 2007 Oceania World Qualifications series and a bronze medal at the 2012 Summer Olympics.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Irving Davis",
"paragraph_text": "Cyril Irving Davis (December 12, 1896 – June 27, 1958) was an American soccer full back who played professionally with Philadelphia Field Club in the American Soccer League (ASL) from 1924 to 1926. He was born in Stourport-on-Severn, England. Davis was a member of the U.S. soccer team at the 1924 Summer Olympics. He went on to earn five caps with the U.S. national team in 1924 and 1925. His first game with the U.S. national team came in the U.S. victory over Estonia at the 1924 Olympics. His last game came on June 27, 1926, a 1-0 loss to Canada. He later went on to play for Fairhill F.C.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Los Tarcos Rugby Club",
"paragraph_text": "The rugby union team is member of the Unión de Rugby de Tucumán and one of the most successful teams in the province, having won the provincial title 12 times and having reached the final of the Nacional de Clubes once. Many Tarcos players went on to represent Argentina at international level, including Luis Molina, Marcelo Ricci, Pablo and Fernando Buabse, Sergio Bunader and Leonardo Gravano.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "1st & Ten (graphics system)",
"paragraph_text": "The idea of creating an on - field marker to help TV viewers identify 1st down distances was conceived and patented in 1978 by David W. Crain, who presented the concept to Roone Arledge and Roger Goodman of ABC News and Sports and to the CBS Technology Center. At the time, both decided the broadcast industry was not ready to use Crain's invention.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Tracy Kraft-Tharp",
"paragraph_text": "Tracy Kraft-Tharp is an American politician and a Democratic member of the Colorado House of Representatives representing District 29 since January 9, 2013. Kraft-Tharp is a member of the League of Women Voters.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Germany women's national football team",
"paragraph_text": "In 1955, the DFB decided to forbid women's football in all its clubs in West Germany. In its explanation, the DFB cited that \"this combative sport is fundamentally foreign to the nature of women\" and that \"body and soul would inevitably suffer damage\". Further, the \"display of the body violates etiquette and decency\". In spite of this ban, more than 150 unofficial international matches were played in the 1950s and 1960s. On 30 October 1970, the ban on women's football was lifted at the DFB annual convention.Other football associations had already formed official women's national teams in the 1970s, the DFB long remained uninvolved in women's football. In 1981, DFB official Horst R. Schmidt was invited to send a team to the unofficial women's football world championship. Schmidt accepted the invitation but hid the fact that West Germany had no women's national team at the time. To avoid humiliation, the DFB sent the German club champions Bergisch Gladbach 09, who went on to win the tournament. Seeing a need, the DFB established the women's national team in 1982. DFB president Hermann Neuberger appointed Gero Bisanz, an instructor at the Cologne Sports College, to set up the team.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Tuvalu",
"paragraph_text": "Football in Tuvalu is played at club and national team level. The Tuvalu national football team trains at the Tuvalu Sports Ground in Funafuti and competes in the Pacific Games. The Tuvalu National Football Association is an associate member of the Oceania Football Confederation (OFC) and is seeking membership in FIFA. The Tuvalu national futsal team participates in the Oceanian Futsal Championship.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Mike Toth",
"paragraph_text": "Mike Toth (born September 27, 1963 in Moose Jaw, Saskatchewan, Canada) is a Canadian sports anchor, formerly on Rogers Sportsnet's \"Sportsnet Connected\" and with the Fan 590 in Toronto. He grew up in Bassano, Alberta and then spent much of his early career in Calgary, Alberta with CICT-TV as a sports anchor and co-host of the station's \"Sports @ 11\" nightly sports broadcast. He then worked as a sports anchor for TSN's SportsCentre. After leaving TSN, Toth hosted the \"Hockey Central\" program, as well as guest hosted \"Prime Time Sports\" on The Fan 590. Toth was also a co-host on the Fan 590's \"The Bullpen\" with Mike Hogan from 10:00am to noon.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "New York Jets",
"paragraph_text": "The team was founded in 1959 as the Titans of New York, an original member of the American Football League (AFL); later, the franchise joined the NFL in the AFL -- NFL merger in 1970. The team began to play in 1960 at the Polo Grounds. Under new ownership, the current name was adopted in 1963 and the franchise moved to Shea Stadium in 1964 and then to the Meadowlands Sports Complex in 1984. The Jets advanced to the playoffs for the first time in 1968 and went on to compete in Super Bowl III where they defeated the Baltimore Colts, becoming the first AFL team to defeat an NFL club in an AFL -- NFL World Championship Game. Since 1968, the Jets have appeared in the playoffs 13 times, and in the AFC Championship Game four times, most recently losing to the Pittsburgh Steelers in 2010. However, the Jets have never returned to the Super Bowl, making them one of three NFL teams to win their lone Super Bowl appearance, along with the New Orleans Saints and Tampa Bay Buccaneers. Apart from the Cleveland Browns and Detroit Lions, who have never reached the Super Bowl, the Jets' drought is the longest among current NFL franchises.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "King Kobra III",
"paragraph_text": "King Kobra III, released in 1988 on New Renaissance Records, was the first and last album by the Edwards, Michael-Phillips, Northrup, Hart and Appice line-up of King Kobra. After the demise of the original line-up, remaining members Carmine Appice and David Michael-Phillips teamed up with Johnny Edwards, Jeff Northrup and Larry Hart, all 3 members of the Sacramento, CA band Northrup at the time.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Stade de Reims",
"paragraph_text": "Historically, Reims is viewed as a legendary club within French football circles, not only due to its domestic and European accolades, but its charity towards the France national team through the 1940s and 1950s, as well. Reims were largely responsible for the first Golden Generation of French football with notable national team members Roger Marche, Raymond Kopa, Just Fontaine, Jean Vincent, Robert Jonquet, Armand Penverne, Dominique Colonna, and Roger Piantoni all playing for Reims during the national team's successful run to the semi-finals at the 1958 FIFA World Cup.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Kabaddi",
"paragraph_text": "Kabaddi Kabaddi game Highest governing body International Kabaddi Federation Nicknames Kaudi, Pakaada, Hadudu, Bhavatik, Saadukuda, Hu - Tu - Tu, Himoshika, sadugudu Characteristics Contact Permitted Team members 7 (per side) Mixed gender Yes, separate competitions Type Team sport, Contact sport Equipment None Venue Kabaddi court Presence Country or region Indian Subcontinent tamilnadu Olympic Demonstration sport: 1936 Olympics",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Toronto Argonauts",
"paragraph_text": "The Toronto Argonauts (officially the Toronto Argonaut Football Club, commonly referred to as the Argos) are a professional Canadian football team competing in the East Division of the Canadian Football League (CFL). Based in Toronto, Ontario, the team was founded in 1873, and is the oldest existing professional sports team in North America still using its original name, and they are the oldest-surviving team in both the modern-day CFL and East Division. The team's origins date back to a modified version of rugby football that emerged in North America in the latter half of the nineteenth century. The Argonauts played their home games at Rogers Centre from 1989 until 2016 when the team moved to BMO Field, the fifth stadium site to host the team.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "The Keeper of the Stars",
"paragraph_text": "``The Keeper of the Stars ''is a song written by Dickey Lee, Danny Mayo and Karen Staley, and recorded by American country music artist Tracy Byrd. It was released in February 1995 as the fourth and last single from his album No Ordinary Man, it went on to reach a peak of # 2 on the Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks (now Hot Country Songs) charts, behind`` I Can Love You Like That'' by John Michael Montgomery. A year after its release, it was named Song of the Year by the Country Music Association.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Kansas City Chiefs",
"paragraph_text": "The Chiefs have won three AFL championships, in 1962, 1966, and 1969 and became the second AFL team (after the New York Jets) to defeat an NFL team in an AFL -- NFL World Championship Game, when they defeated the Minnesota Vikings in Super Bowl IV. The team's victory on January 11, 1970, remains the club's last championship game victory and appearance to date, and occurred in the final such competition prior to the leagues' merger coming into full effect. The Chiefs were also the second team, after the Green Bay Packers, to appear in more than one Super Bowl (and the first AFL team to do so) and the first to appear in the championship game in two different decades.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "New York Jets",
"paragraph_text": "The team was founded in 1959 as the Titans of New York, an original member of the American Football League (AFL); later, the franchise joined the NFL in the AFL -- NFL merger in 1970. The team began to play in 1960 at the Polo Grounds. Under new ownership, the current name was adopted in 1963 and the franchise moved to Shea Stadium in 1964 and then to the Meadowlands Sports Complex in 1984. The Jets advanced to the playoffs for the first time in 1968 and went on to compete in Super Bowl III where they defeated the Baltimore Colts, becoming the first AFL team to defeat an NFL club in an AFL -- NFL World Championship Game. Since 1968, the Jets have appeared in the playoffs 13 times, and in the AFC Championship Game four times, most recently losing to the Pittsburgh Steelers in 2010. However, the Jets have never returned to the Super Bowl, making them one of three NFL teams to win their lone Super Bowl appearance, along with the New Orleans Saints and Tampa Bay Buccaneers. Apart from the Cleveland Browns and Detroit Lions, who have never reached the Super Bowl (although both won NFL championships prior to 1966), the Jets' drought is the longest among current NFL franchises.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Super Dave: Daredevil for Hire",
"paragraph_text": "In the United States, the show premiered on September 12, 1992 on FOX. The series was cancelled after its first season, but a special based on the series titled \"The Super Dave Superbowl of Knowledge\" aired on January 29, 1994.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Tracy Rogers",
"paragraph_text": "Tracy Darin Rogers (born August 13, 1967 in Taft, California) is a former professional American football player who played linebacker for seven seasons for the Kansas City Chiefs.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Nicolas Vallar",
"paragraph_text": "Hiro Nicolas Vallar (born 22 October 1983) is a footballer from Papeete, Tahiti currently playing for A.S. Central Sport. He is a member of Tahiti national football team.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "New York Jets",
"paragraph_text": "The team was founded in 1959 as the Titans of New York, an original member of the American Football League (AFL); later, the franchise joined the NFL in the AFL -- NFL merger in 1970. The team began to play in 1960 at the Polo Grounds. Under new ownership, the current name was adopted in 1963 and the franchise moved to Shea Stadium in 1964 and then to the Meadowlands Sports Complex in 1984. The Jets advanced to the playoffs for the first time in 1968 and went on to compete in Super Bowl III where they defeated the Baltimore Colts, becoming the first AFL team to defeat an NFL club in an AFL -- NFL World Championship Game. Since 1968, the Jets have appeared in the playoffs 13 times, and in the AFC Championship Game four times, most recently losing to the Pittsburgh Steelers in 2010. However, the Jets have never returned to the Super Bowl, making them one of three NFL teams to win their lone Super Bowl appearance, along with the New Orleans Saints and Tampa Bay Buccaneers.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
When did the outfit Tracy Rogers once played for last in the Super Bowl?
|
[
{
"id": 565717,
"question": "Tracy Rogers >> member of sports team",
"answer": "Kansas City Chiefs",
"paragraph_support_idx": 17
},
{
"id": 77937,
"question": "when was the last time #1 went to the superbowl",
"answer": "January 11, 1970",
"paragraph_support_idx": 14
}
] |
January 11, 1970
|
[] | true |
2hop__647412_77937
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Stacey-Ann Smith",
"paragraph_text": "Stacey-Ann Smith (born January 8, 1991) is a female sprinter who currently represents the United States of America. She recently represented Team USA at the 2014 Penn Relays USA vs The World 4x100 relay which won the silver medal. Stacey was also selected for the 2014 USA World Relay Team for the 4x100 meter relay. A graduate of and the University of Texas where Smith was a 4 Time All American Sprinter. In 2010 Smith finished 4th in the World Junior Championship 400m final and was part of the Gold Medal winning US relay team. Smith has a personal best of 23.27 for the 200m and 52.83 for the 400m.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Todd Smith (singer)",
"paragraph_text": "James Todd Smith (who goes by Todd Smith) is a singer and founding member of the contemporary Christian music band Selah. Smith remains an original member since its founding in 1997.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Irving Davis",
"paragraph_text": "Cyril Irving Davis (December 12, 1896 – June 27, 1958) was an American soccer full back who played professionally with Philadelphia Field Club in the American Soccer League (ASL) from 1924 to 1926. He was born in Stourport-on-Severn, England. Davis was a member of the U.S. soccer team at the 1924 Summer Olympics. He went on to earn five caps with the U.S. national team in 1924 and 1925. His first game with the U.S. national team came in the U.S. victory over Estonia at the 1924 Olympics. His last game came on June 27, 1926, a 1-0 loss to Canada. He later went on to play for Fairhill F.C.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Stanley Cup",
"paragraph_text": "With the Montreal Canadiens having won by far the most Cup championships of any team, the list of the players who have been engraved on the Cup the most often is dominated by Montreal players. Henri Richard of the Canadiens, with his name engraved eleven times, played on more Stanley Cup champions than any other player. He is followed by Jean Beliveau and Yvan Cournoyer of the Canadiens with ten championships, Claude Provost of the Canadiens with nine, and three players tied with eight: Red Kelly (four with the Red Wings, four with the Leafs, the most for any player who was not a member of the Canadiens) and Canadiens players Jacques Lemaire, Maurice Richard. Beliveau's name appears on the Cup more than any other individual, ten times as a player and seven times as management for a total of seventeen times.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Ross Sea party",
"paragraph_text": "In spite of their difficulties the party made good progress until, on 17 February about 10 miles (16 km) short of the Bluff depot, they were halted by a blizzard. They remained tent-bound for five days, by which time their supplies had run out. In desperation the party left the tent the next day, but it soon proved impossible for Mackintosh and Spencer-Smith to travel further. Joyce, Richards and Hayward then sledged through the blizzard to the Bluff, leaving the invalids in a tent under the care of Wild. This round trip of about 20 miles (32 km) took them a week to complete. They returned with food and fuel to sustain their comrades, and the march resumed. Within a short time Mackintosh joined Spencer-Smith on the sledge, and before long, Hayward too collapsed. The three men still on their feet were by now too weak to haul three invalids, so on 8 March Mackintosh volunteered to stay in the tent while the others attempted to take Spencer-Smith and Hayward to Hut Point. A day later Spencer-Smith died, utterly worn out by exhaustion and scurvy, and was buried in the ice. Joyce and Wild reached Hut Point with Hayward on 11 March and went back for Mackintosh. By 16 March the whole surviving party had reached the hut.From the start of the hauling of loads from Cape Evans on 1 September 1915 to the arrival of the survivors back at Hut Point, a total of 198 days had passed, the longest sledging journey in terms of elapsed time undertaken on any expedition up to that time.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "New York Jets",
"paragraph_text": "The team was founded in 1959 as the Titans of New York, an original member of the American Football League (AFL); later, the franchise joined the NFL in the AFL -- NFL merger in 1970. The team began to play in 1960 at the Polo Grounds. Under new ownership, the current name was adopted in 1963 and the franchise moved to Shea Stadium in 1964 and then to the Meadowlands Sports Complex in 1984. The Jets advanced to the playoffs for the first time in 1968 and went on to compete in Super Bowl III where they defeated the Baltimore Colts, becoming the first AFL team to defeat an NFL club in an AFL -- NFL World Championship Game. Since 1968, the Jets have appeared in the playoffs 13 times, and in the AFC Championship Game four times, most recently losing to the Pittsburgh Steelers in 2010. However, the Jets have never returned to the Super Bowl, making them one of three NFL teams to win their lone Super Bowl appearance, along with the New Orleans Saints and Tampa Bay Buccaneers. Apart from the Cleveland Browns and Detroit Lions, who have never reached the Super Bowl (although both won NFL championships prior to 1966), the Jets' drought is the longest among current NFL franchises.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Young at Heart/Wise in Time",
"paragraph_text": "Young at Heart/Wise in Time is the second album led by Muhal Richard Abrams which was released on the Delmark label in 1974 and features Abrams a solo piano composition and accompanied by Leo Smith, Henry Threadgill, Lester Lashley and Thurman Baker.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Fred Smith (bassist)",
"paragraph_text": "Fred Smith (born April 10, 1948 in New York) is an American bass guitarist, best known for his work with Television. He was the original bassist with Blondie until he quit in spring 1975 to replace Richard Hell who had left Television over disputes with Tom Verlaine. Hell went on to form The Heartbreakers with Johnny Thunders. At the time, Television played at CBGB along with Blondie. According to Smith, \"Blondie was like a sinking ship and Television was my favorite band.\" He stayed with the band till they broke up in 1978 and rejoined them when they reunited in 1992; the band has played off and on ever since. Smith also participated in the solo albums of the Television guitarists Tom Verlaine and Richard Lloyd, and played with such artists as The Roches, Willie Nile, Peregrins and The Revelons. From 1988 to 1989 he played bass, recorded, and toured with The Fleshtones.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Kabaddi",
"paragraph_text": "Kabaddi Kabaddi game Highest governing body International Kabaddi Federation Nicknames Kaudi, Pakaada, Hadudu, Bhavatik, Saadukuda, Hu - Tu - Tu, Himoshika, sadugudu Characteristics Contact Permitted Team members 7 (per side) Mixed gender Yes, separate competitions Type Team sport, Contact sport Equipment None Venue Kabaddi court Presence Country or region Indian Subcontinent tamilnadu Olympic Demonstration sport: 1936 Olympics",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "T&TEC Sports Club",
"paragraph_text": "The Trinidad and Tobago Electricity Commission Sports Club, often referred to as T&TEC Sports Club is a state-owned football team from Trinidad and Tobago based in Gooding Village and was a member of the TT Pro League, the highest level of football in Trinidad.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "SportsCenter",
"paragraph_text": "SportsCenter (SC) is a daily sports news television program that serves as the flagship program of American cable and satellite television network ESPN. The show covers various sports teams and athletes from around the world and often shows highlights of sports from the (previous) day. Originally broadcast only once per day, \"SportsCenter\" now has up to twelve airings each day, excluding overnight repeats. The show often covers the major sports in the U.S. including basketball, hockey, football, and baseball. SportsCenter is also known for its recaps after sports events and its in-depth analysis by different anchors and popular figures like Stephen A. Smith and Scott Van Pelt. The show continues to be the flagship show for ESPN and leads the way in sports broadcasting and entertainment.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Richard Smith (wide receiver)",
"paragraph_text": "Smith played four games in National Football League with the Kansas City Chiefs along with spending time on the practice rosters for the Washington Redskins and the Seattle Seahawks.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Super Dave: Daredevil for Hire",
"paragraph_text": "In the United States, the show premiered on September 12, 1992 on FOX. The series was cancelled after its first season, but a special based on the series titled \"The Super Dave Superbowl of Knowledge\" aired on January 29, 1994.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Wee Willie Smith",
"paragraph_text": "The 6'5\" Smith was one of the first great African American basketball players. He played for several semi-professional leagues in the Cleveland, Ohio area before being signed by the New York Renaissance, an all-black professional team, in 1932. From 1932 to 1936, Smith and his six teammates won over 400 games, including an 88-game winning streak from January 1, 1933 to March 27, 1933. The entire 1932–33 Renaissance team was collectively inducted into the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame in 1963. Smith played for several other professional teams, including the Cleveland Chase Brassmen of the National Basketball League. He was one of the few black players in the history of the NBL. After basketball, he worked as a custodian in the Cleveland Public Schools and operated a beverage shop. He was inducted into the Harlem Hall of Fame and the Greater Cleveland Sports Hall of Fame in 1977.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Harriet Spicer",
"paragraph_text": "She lived in Chelsea prior to attending Lillsden School for Girls and then Benenden School. In 1968 she spent some time working for Richard Branson's \"Student\" magazine. She went on to graduate from St Anne's College, Oxford University.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "New York Jets",
"paragraph_text": "The team was founded in 1959 as the Titans of New York, an original member of the American Football League (AFL); later, the franchise joined the NFL in the AFL -- NFL merger in 1970. The team began to play in 1960 at the Polo Grounds. Under new ownership, the current name was adopted in 1963 and the franchise moved to Shea Stadium in 1964 and then to the Meadowlands Sports Complex in 1984. The Jets advanced to the playoffs for the first time in 1968 and went on to compete in Super Bowl III where they defeated the Baltimore Colts, becoming the first AFL team to defeat an NFL club in an AFL -- NFL World Championship Game. Since 1968, the Jets have appeared in the playoffs 13 times, and in the AFC Championship Game four times, most recently losing to the Pittsburgh Steelers in 2010. However, the Jets have never returned to the Super Bowl, making them one of three NFL teams to win their lone Super Bowl appearance, along with the New Orleans Saints and Tampa Bay Buccaneers.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "New York Jets",
"paragraph_text": "The team was founded in 1959 as the Titans of New York, an original member of the American Football League (AFL); later, the franchise joined the NFL in the AFL -- NFL merger in 1970. The team began to play in 1960 at the Polo Grounds. Under new ownership, the current name was adopted in 1963 and the franchise moved to Shea Stadium in 1964 and then to the Meadowlands Sports Complex in 1984. The Jets advanced to the playoffs for the first time in 1968 and went on to compete in Super Bowl III where they defeated the Baltimore Colts, becoming the first AFL team to defeat an NFL club in an AFL -- NFL World Championship Game. Since 1968, the Jets have appeared in the playoffs 13 times, and in the AFC Championship Game four times, most recently losing to the Pittsburgh Steelers in 2010. However, the Jets have never returned to the Super Bowl, making them one of three NFL teams to win their lone Super Bowl appearance, along with the New Orleans Saints and Tampa Bay Buccaneers. Apart from the Cleveland Browns and Detroit Lions, who have never reached the Super Bowl, the Jets' drought is the longest among current NFL franchises.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Los Tarcos Rugby Club",
"paragraph_text": "The rugby union team is member of the Unión de Rugby de Tucumán and one of the most successful teams in the province, having won the provincial title 12 times and having reached the final of the Nacional de Clubes once. Many Tarcos players went on to represent Argentina at international level, including Luis Molina, Marcelo Ricci, Pablo and Fernando Buabse, Sergio Bunader and Leonardo Gravano.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "King Kobra III",
"paragraph_text": "King Kobra III, released in 1988 on New Renaissance Records, was the first and last album by the Edwards, Michael-Phillips, Northrup, Hart and Appice line-up of King Kobra. After the demise of the original line-up, remaining members Carmine Appice and David Michael-Phillips teamed up with Johnny Edwards, Jeff Northrup and Larry Hart, all 3 members of the Sacramento, CA band Northrup at the time.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Kansas City Chiefs",
"paragraph_text": "The Chiefs have won three AFL championships, in 1962, 1966, and 1969 and became the second AFL team (after the New York Jets) to defeat an NFL team in an AFL -- NFL World Championship Game, when they defeated the Minnesota Vikings in Super Bowl IV. The team's victory on January 11, 1970, remains the club's last championship game victory and appearance to date, and occurred in the final such competition prior to the leagues' merger coming into full effect. The Chiefs were also the second team, after the Green Bay Packers, to appear in more than one Super Bowl (and the first AFL team to do so) and the first to appear in the championship game in two different decades.",
"is_supporting": true
}
] |
When was the last time Richard Smith's team went to the superblow?
|
[
{
"id": 647412,
"question": "Richard Smith >> member of sports team",
"answer": "Kansas City Chiefs",
"paragraph_support_idx": 11
},
{
"id": 77937,
"question": "when was the last time #1 went to the superbowl",
"answer": "January 11, 1970",
"paragraph_support_idx": 19
}
] |
January 11, 1970
|
[] | true |
2hop__586089_77937
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "King Kobra III",
"paragraph_text": "King Kobra III, released in 1988 on New Renaissance Records, was the first and last album by the Edwards, Michael-Phillips, Northrup, Hart and Appice line-up of King Kobra. After the demise of the original line-up, remaining members Carmine Appice and David Michael-Phillips teamed up with Johnny Edwards, Jeff Northrup and Larry Hart, all 3 members of the Sacramento, CA band Northrup at the time.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "New York Jets",
"paragraph_text": "The team was founded in 1959 as the Titans of New York, an original member of the American Football League (AFL); later, the franchise joined the NFL in the AFL -- NFL merger in 1970. The team began to play in 1960 at the Polo Grounds. Under new ownership, the current name was adopted in 1963 and the franchise moved to Shea Stadium in 1964 and then to the Meadowlands Sports Complex in 1984. The Jets advanced to the playoffs for the first time in 1968 and went on to compete in Super Bowl III where they defeated the Baltimore Colts, becoming the first AFL team to defeat an NFL club in an AFL -- NFL World Championship Game. Since 1968, the Jets have appeared in the playoffs 13 times, and in the AFC Championship Game four times, most recently losing to the Pittsburgh Steelers in 2010. However, the Jets have never returned to the Super Bowl, making them one of three NFL teams to win their lone Super Bowl appearance, along with the New Orleans Saints and Tampa Bay Buccaneers.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Nicolas Vallar",
"paragraph_text": "Hiro Nicolas Vallar (born 22 October 1983) is a footballer from Papeete, Tahiti currently playing for A.S. Central Sport. He is a member of Tahiti national football team.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Kabaddi",
"paragraph_text": "Kabaddi Kabaddi game Highest governing body International Kabaddi Federation Nicknames Kaudi, Pakaada, Hadudu, Bhavatik, Saadukuda, Hu - Tu - Tu, Himoshika, sadugudu Characteristics Contact Permitted Team members 7 (per side) Mixed gender Yes, separate competitions Type Team sport, Contact sport Equipment None Venue Kabaddi court Presence Country or region Indian Subcontinent tamilnadu Olympic Demonstration sport: 1936 Olympics",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Los Tarcos Rugby Club",
"paragraph_text": "The rugby union team is member of the Unión de Rugby de Tucumán and one of the most successful teams in the province, having won the provincial title 12 times and having reached the final of the Nacional de Clubes once. Many Tarcos players went on to represent Argentina at international level, including Luis Molina, Marcelo Ricci, Pablo and Fernando Buabse, Sergio Bunader and Leonardo Gravano.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Germany women's national football team",
"paragraph_text": "In 1955, the DFB decided to forbid women's football in all its clubs in West Germany. In its explanation, the DFB cited that \"this combative sport is fundamentally foreign to the nature of women\" and that \"body and soul would inevitably suffer damage\". Further, the \"display of the body violates etiquette and decency\". In spite of this ban, more than 150 unofficial international matches were played in the 1950s and 1960s. On 30 October 1970, the ban on women's football was lifted at the DFB annual convention.Other football associations had already formed official women's national teams in the 1970s, the DFB long remained uninvolved in women's football. In 1981, DFB official Horst R. Schmidt was invited to send a team to the unofficial women's football world championship. Schmidt accepted the invitation but hid the fact that West Germany had no women's national team at the time. To avoid humiliation, the DFB sent the German club champions Bergisch Gladbach 09, who went on to win the tournament. Seeing a need, the DFB established the women's national team in 1982. DFB president Hermann Neuberger appointed Gero Bisanz, an instructor at the Cologne Sports College, to set up the team.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Anne Marie Anderson",
"paragraph_text": "Anne Marie Anderson (born November 25) is an American sportscaster who is a graduate of Hofstra University in New York and Cherry Creek High School in Englewood, Colorado. She works for a variety of sports networks.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Anne, Princess Royal",
"paragraph_text": "At the age of 21, Anne won the individual title at the European Eventing Championship, and was voted the BBC Sports Personality of the Year in 1971. For more than five years, she also competed with the British eventing team, winning a silver medal in both individual and team disciplines in the 1975 European Eventing Championship, riding the home - bred Doublet. The following year, Anne participated in the 1976 Olympic Games in Montreal as a member of the British team, riding the Queen's horse, Goodwill. Anne assumed the Presidency of the Fédération Équestre Internationale from 1986 until 1994. On 5 February 1987, she became the first member of the Royal Family to appear as a contestant on a television quiz - show when she competed on the BBC panel game A Question of Sport.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Tuvalu",
"paragraph_text": "Football in Tuvalu is played at club and national team level. The Tuvalu national football team trains at the Tuvalu Sports Ground in Funafuti and competes in the Pacific Games. The Tuvalu National Football Association is an associate member of the Oceania Football Confederation (OFC) and is seeking membership in FIFA. The Tuvalu national futsal team participates in the Oceanian Futsal Championship.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Zhaneta Ilieva",
"paragraph_text": "Zhaneta Tosheva Ilieva (; born October 3, 1984 in Veliko Tarnovo) is a retired Bulgarian rhythmic gymnast. She is a two-time member of the Bulgarian rhythmic gymnastics team at the World Championships, and contributed to a silver medal in the group all-around in 2003. The following year, at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, Ilieva helped her squad claim a bronze medal in the same program before her official retirement from the sport.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Samantha Prahalis",
"paragraph_text": "Samantha Prahalis (born January 23, 1990 in Commack, New York) is an American basketball player who last played for the Los Angeles Sparks of the WNBA and currently for the Sardinian team CUS Cagliari. She went to Commack High School and played collegiately for Ohio State.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "New York Jets",
"paragraph_text": "The team was founded in 1959 as the Titans of New York, an original member of the American Football League (AFL); later, the franchise joined the NFL in the AFL -- NFL merger in 1970. The team began to play in 1960 at the Polo Grounds. Under new ownership, the current name was adopted in 1963 and the franchise moved to Shea Stadium in 1964 and then to the Meadowlands Sports Complex in 1984. The Jets advanced to the playoffs for the first time in 1968 and went on to compete in Super Bowl III where they defeated the Baltimore Colts, becoming the first AFL team to defeat an NFL club in an AFL -- NFL World Championship Game. Since 1968, the Jets have appeared in the playoffs 13 times, and in the AFC Championship Game four times, most recently losing to the Pittsburgh Steelers in 2010. However, the Jets have never returned to the Super Bowl, making them one of three NFL teams to win their lone Super Bowl appearance, along with the New Orleans Saints and Tampa Bay Buccaneers. Apart from the Cleveland Browns and Detroit Lions, who have never reached the Super Bowl, the Jets' drought is the longest among current NFL franchises.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Abby Bishop",
"paragraph_text": "Abby Bishop (born 29 November 1988) is an Australian professional basketball forward/center who last played for the Seattle Storm of the Women's National Basketball Association (WNBA). In Australia, she has played for the Australian Institute of Sport from 2005–2006, the Canberra Capitals from 2006–2010, Dandenong Rangers from 2010–2011 Canberra Capitals. She is currently a member of the Adelaide Lightning (2016/2017). She is a member of the Australia women's national basketball team and won a gold medal during the 2007 Oceania World Qualifications series and a bronze medal at the 2012 Summer Olympics.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Super Dave: Daredevil for Hire",
"paragraph_text": "In the United States, the show premiered on September 12, 1992 on FOX. The series was cancelled after its first season, but a special based on the series titled \"The Super Dave Superbowl of Knowledge\" aired on January 29, 1994.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Cricket World Cup",
"paragraph_text": "The World Cup is open to all members of the International Cricket Council (ICC), although the highest - ranking teams receive automatic qualification. The remaining teams are determined via the World Cricket League and the ICC World Cup Qualifier. A total of twenty teams have competed in the eleven editions of the tournament, with fourteen competing in the latest edition in 2015; the next edition in 2019 will have only ten teams. Australia has won the tournament five times, with the West Indies, India (twice each), Pakistan and Sri Lanka (once each) also having won the tournament. The best performance by a non-full - member team came when Kenya made the semi-finals of the 2003 tournament. The tournament is the worlds 4th biggest sporting event behind the FIFA World Cup, Summer Olympics and the Rugby World Cup.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Irving Davis",
"paragraph_text": "Cyril Irving Davis (December 12, 1896 – June 27, 1958) was an American soccer full back who played professionally with Philadelphia Field Club in the American Soccer League (ASL) from 1924 to 1926. He was born in Stourport-on-Severn, England. Davis was a member of the U.S. soccer team at the 1924 Summer Olympics. He went on to earn five caps with the U.S. national team in 1924 and 1925. His first game with the U.S. national team came in the U.S. victory over Estonia at the 1924 Olympics. His last game came on June 27, 1926, a 1-0 loss to Canada. He later went on to play for Fairhill F.C.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "T&TEC Sports Club",
"paragraph_text": "The Trinidad and Tobago Electricity Commission Sports Club, often referred to as T&TEC Sports Club is a state-owned football team from Trinidad and Tobago based in Gooding Village and was a member of the TT Pro League, the highest level of football in Trinidad.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Kansas City Chiefs",
"paragraph_text": "The Chiefs have won three AFL championships, in 1962, 1966, and 1969 and became the second AFL team (after the New York Jets) to defeat an NFL team in an AFL -- NFL World Championship Game, when they defeated the Minnesota Vikings in Super Bowl IV. The team's victory on January 11, 1970, remains the club's last championship game victory and appearance to date, and occurred in the final such competition prior to the leagues' merger coming into full effect. The Chiefs were also the second team, after the Green Bay Packers, to appear in more than one Super Bowl (and the first AFL team to do so) and the first to appear in the championship game in two different decades.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Deron Cherry",
"paragraph_text": "Deron Leigh Cherry (born September 12, 1959) is a retired professional American football free safety who played for the Kansas City Chiefs from 1981 to 1991. Deron was a free safety and punter at Rutgers University. In 1979, he was named the team’s MVP. In 1979 and 1980, Cherry earned AP All-East honors. In 1981, he was signed by the Kansas City Chiefs, as a free agent punter, but was released in the final cutdown. Cherry rejoined the club in late September as a safety, and made his first interception in October against the Oakland Raiders.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "L'Équipe",
"paragraph_text": "L'Équipe (, French for \"the team\") is a French nationwide daily newspaper devoted to sport, owned by Éditions Philippe Amaury. The paper is noted for coverage of association football, rugby, motorsport and cycling. Its predecessor was \"L'Auto\", a general sports paper whose name reflected not any narrow interest but the excitement of the time in car racing.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
Prior to 2019 when was the last time Deon Cherry's team went to the Superbowl?
|
[
{
"id": 586089,
"question": "Deron Cherry >> member of sports team",
"answer": "Kansas City Chiefs",
"paragraph_support_idx": 18
},
{
"id": 77937,
"question": "when was the last time #1 went to the superbowl",
"answer": "January 11, 1970",
"paragraph_support_idx": 17
}
] |
January 11, 1970
|
[] | true |
2hop__647412_88234
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "New York Jets",
"paragraph_text": "The team was founded in 1959 as the Titans of New York, an original member of the American Football League (AFL); later, the franchise joined the NFL in the AFL -- NFL merger in 1970. The team began to play in 1960 at the Polo Grounds. Under new ownership, the current name was adopted in 1963 and the franchise moved to Shea Stadium in 1964 and then to the Meadowlands Sports Complex in 1984. The Jets advanced to the playoffs for the first time in 1968 and went on to compete in Super Bowl III where they defeated the Baltimore Colts, becoming the first AFL team to defeat an NFL club in an AFL -- NFL World Championship Game. Since 1968, the Jets have appeared in the playoffs 13 times, and in the AFC Championship Game four times, most recently losing to the Pittsburgh Steelers in 2010. However, the Jets have never returned to the Super Bowl, making them one of three NFL teams to win their lone Super Bowl appearance, along with the New Orleans Saints and Tampa Bay Buccaneers.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "2011 New England Patriots season",
"paragraph_text": "The Patriots lost in the Super Bowl to the New York Giants by a score of 21 -- 17. The Patriots, as was the case in their previous appearance against these same Giants in Super Bowl XLII, had a chance to join the San Francisco 49ers, the Dallas Cowboys, the Pittsburgh Steelers, and the Green Bay Packers as the only teams to win at least four Super Bowls (the Packers, who had entered the 2011 season as the defending champions, had not yet won a fourth Super Bowl when the Patriots had last appeared). Instead, the Patriots tied a then - NFL record for most losses in a Super Bowl that had been set by the Minnesota Vikings and tied by the Denver Broncos and Buffalo Bills, each of whom had lost four.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "New England Patriots",
"paragraph_text": "The Patriots have appeared in the Super Bowl ten times in franchise history, the most of any team, eight of them since the arrival of head coach Bill Belichick and quarterback Tom Brady in 2000. The Patriots have since become one of the most successful teams in NFL history, winning 15 AFC East titles in 17 seasons since 2001, without a losing season in that period. The franchise has since set numerous notable records, including most wins in a ten - year period (126, in 2003 -- 2012), an undefeated 16 - game regular season in 2007, the longest winning streak consisting of regular season and playoff games in NFL history (a 21 - game streak from October 2003 to October 2004), and the most consecutive division titles won by a team in NFL history (won nine straight division titles from 2009 to 2017). The team owns the record for most Super Bowls reached (eight) and won (five) by a head coach -- quarterback tandem. Currently, the team is tied with the 49ers and Cowboys for the second most Super Bowl wins with five, after the Steelers, who have six.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Kansas City Chiefs",
"paragraph_text": "Kansas City Chiefs Current season Established August 14, 1959; 58 years ago (August 14, 1959) First season: 1960 Play in and headquartered in Arrowhead Stadium Kansas City, Missouri Logo Wordmark League / conference affiliations American Football League (1960 -- 1969) Western Division (1960 -- 1969) National Football League (1970 -- present) American Football Conference (1970 -- present) AFC West (1970 -- present) Current uniform Team colors Red, Gold, White Mascot Warpaint (1963 -- 1988, 2009 -- present) K.C. Wolf (1989 -- present) Personnel Owner (s) Hunt family Chairman Clark Hunt CEO Clark Hunt President Mark Donovan General manager Brett Veach Head coach Andy Reid Team history Dallas Texans (1960 -- 1962) Kansas City Chiefs (1963 -- present) Team nicknames Redwood Forest (Defense, 1969 -- 1971) Championships League championships (2) † AFL Championships (pre-1970 AFL -- NFL merger) (3) 1962, 1966, 1969 AFL -- NFL Super Bowl championships (1) 1969 (IV) Conference championships (0) Division championships (10) AFL West: 1962, 1966 AFC West: 1971, 1993, 1995, 1997, 2003, 2010, 2016, 2017 † - Does not include the AFL or NFL championships won during the same seasons as the AFL - NFL Super Bowl championships prior to the 1970 AFL - NFL Merger Playoff appearances (20) AFL: 1962, 1966, 1968, 1969 NFL: 1971, 1986, 1990, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1997, 2003, 2006, 2010, 2013, 2015, 2016, 2017 Home fields Cotton Bowl (1960 -- 1962) Municipal Stadium (1963 -- 1971) Arrowhead Stadium (1972 -- present)",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Peyton Manning",
"paragraph_text": "Manning holds many NFL records, including touchdown passes (539), AP MVP awards (5), Pro Bowl appearances (14), 4,000 - yard passing seasons (14), single - season passing yards (5,477 in 2013), single - season passing touchdowns (55 in 2013), and is second in career passing yards (71,940). A two - time Super Bowl winner and the most valuable player of Super Bowl XLI, Manning is also the only quarterback to start the Super Bowl for two franchises more than once each, with different coaches at each Super Bowl start (Dungy, Caldwell, Fox, Kubiak), and the only starting quarterback to win a Super Bowl with two franchises. At 39 years of age, Manning was the oldest quarterback to start in and win a Super Bowl, a feat matched the following year by Tom Brady. Manning is still technically the oldest to win a Super Bowl when months and days are taken into account, given that his birthday is in March and Brady's is in August.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "New York Jets",
"paragraph_text": "The team was founded in 1959 as the Titans of New York, an original member of the American Football League (AFL); later, the franchise joined the NFL in the AFL -- NFL merger in 1970. The team began to play in 1960 at the Polo Grounds. Under new ownership, the current name was adopted in 1963 and the franchise moved to Shea Stadium in 1964 and then to the Meadowlands Sports Complex in 1984. The Jets advanced to the playoffs for the first time in 1968 and went on to compete in Super Bowl III where they defeated the Baltimore Colts, becoming the first AFL team to defeat an NFL club in an AFL -- NFL World Championship Game. Since 1968, the Jets have appeared in the playoffs 13 times, and in the AFC Championship Game four times, most recently losing to the Pittsburgh Steelers in 2010. However, the Jets have never returned to the Super Bowl, making them one of three NFL teams to win their lone Super Bowl appearance, along with the New Orleans Saints and Tampa Bay Buccaneers. Apart from the Cleveland Browns and Detroit Lions, who have never reached the Super Bowl (although both won NFL championships prior to 1966), the Jets' drought is the longest among current NFL franchises.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "2009 New Orleans Saints season",
"paragraph_text": "With a victory over the Carolina Panthers on November 8, the Saints jumped out to an 8 -- 0 start, the best in franchise history. They would go on to set the record for the longest undefeated season opening (13 -- 0) by an NFC team since the AFL -- NFL merger, eclipsing the previous record (12 -- 0) held by the 1985 Chicago Bears. This record has since been tied by the 2011 Green Bay Packers and surpassed by the 2015 Carolina Panthers. Although losing the last three games of the season to finish 13 -- 3, the team clinched a playoff berth, a first - round bye and -- for the first time ever -- the top seed in the NFC. The Saints defeated Kurt Warner and the defending NFC Champions Arizona Cardinals in the NFC Divisional playoffs, and proceeded to host the NFC Championship Game for the first time in franchise history. There, they defeated Brett Favre and the Minnesota Vikings in overtime, then went on to face Peyton Manning and the Indianapolis Colts at Super Bowl XLIV in the franchise's first - ever Super Bowl appearance. The Saints won the Super Bowl 31 -- 17, giving the city of New Orleans its first NFL championship. The Saints are the first team to defeat three former Super Bowl winning quarterbacks in a row in the playoffs to win the Super Bowl. The Saints, along with the New York Jets and Tampa Bay Buccaneers, are the only teams to go to one Super Bowl and win it.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "John Elway",
"paragraph_text": "After two more Super Bowl losses, the Broncos entered a period of decline; however, that ended during the 1997 season, as Elway and Denver won their first Super Bowl title by defeating the Green Bay Packers 31 -- 24 in Super Bowl XXXII. The Broncos repeated as champions the following season in Super Bowl XXXIII by defeating the Atlanta Falcons 34 -- 19. Elway was voted MVP of that Super Bowl, which was the last game of his career, and in doing so Elway set a then - record five Super Bowl starts which was broken in February 2015 when Tom Brady of the New England Patriots started Super Bowl XLIX. As Denver's quarterback, Elway led his teams to six AFC Championship Games and five Super Bowls, winning two. After his retirement as a player, he served as general manager and executive vice president of football operations of the Broncos, which won four division titles, two AFC Championships, and Super Bowl 50 during his tenure. Elway has been a member of the Broncos organization for all three of their Super Bowl victories, two as a player and one as an executive.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Doug Williams (quarterback)",
"paragraph_text": "Douglas Lee Williams (born August 9, 1955) is a former American football quarterback and former head coach of the Grambling State Tigers football team. Williams is known for his remarkable performance with the Washington Redskins in Super Bowl XXII. Williams, who was named the Super Bowl MVP, passed for a Super Bowl record 340 yards and four touchdowns, with one interception. He was the first African - American starting quarterback to win a Super Bowl. Williams also became the first player in Super Bowl history to pass for four touchdowns in a single quarter, and four in a half. Williams is now a team executive for the Redskins, being hired for that role in 2014.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "New York Jets",
"paragraph_text": "The team was founded in 1959 as the Titans of New York, an original member of the American Football League (AFL); later, the franchise joined the NFL in the AFL -- NFL merger in 1970. The team began to play in 1960 at the Polo Grounds. Under new ownership, the current name was adopted in 1963 and the franchise moved to Shea Stadium in 1964 and then to the Meadowlands Sports Complex in 1984. The Jets advanced to the playoffs for the first time in 1968 and went on to compete in Super Bowl III where they defeated the Baltimore Colts, becoming the first AFL team to defeat an NFL club in an AFL -- NFL World Championship Game. Since 1968, the Jets have appeared in the playoffs 13 times, and in the AFC Championship Game four times, most recently losing to the Pittsburgh Steelers in 2010. However, the Jets have never returned to the Super Bowl, making them one of three NFL teams to win their lone Super Bowl appearance, along with the New Orleans Saints and Tampa Bay Buccaneers. Apart from the Cleveland Browns and Detroit Lions, who have never reached the Super Bowl, the Jets' drought is the longest among current NFL franchises.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Super Bowl XXVIII",
"paragraph_text": "Super Bowl XXVIII was an American football game between the National Football Conference (NFC) champion Dallas Cowboys and the American Football Conference (AFC) champion Buffalo Bills to decide the National Football League (NFL) champion for the 1993 season. The Cowboys defeated the Bills by the score of 30–13, winning their fourth Super Bowl in team history, tying the Pittsburgh Steelers and the San Francisco 49ers for most Super Bowl wins. The game was played on January 30, 1994, at the Georgia Dome in Atlanta, Georgia. Since the 1993 regular season was conducted over 18 weeks (two byes per team), the traditional bye week between the conference championship games and the Super Bowl was not employed; the last time this happened was before Super Bowl XXV.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Green Bay Packers",
"paragraph_text": "The Packers have won 13 league championships, the most in NFL history, with nine pre-Super Bowl NFL titles in addition to four Super Bowl victories. The Packers won the first two Super Bowls in 1967 and 1968 and were the only NFL team to defeat the American Football League (AFL) prior to the AFL -- NFL merger. The Vince Lombardi Trophy is named after the Packers' coach Lombardi, who guided them to their first two Super Bowls. Their two additional Super Bowl wins came in the 1996 and 2010 seasons.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Richard Smith (wide receiver)",
"paragraph_text": "Smith played four games in National Football League with the Kansas City Chiefs along with spending time on the practice rosters for the Washington Redskins and the Seattle Seahawks.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Super Bowl XLVIII",
"paragraph_text": "Super Bowl XLVIII was an American football game between the American Football Conference (AFC) champion Denver Broncos and National Football Conference (NFC) champion Seattle Seahawks to decide the National Football League (NFL) champion for the 2013 season. The Seahawks defeated the Broncos 43 -- 8, the largest margin of victory for an underdog and tied for the third largest point differential overall (35) in Super Bowl history with Super Bowl XXVII (1993). It was the first time the winning team scored over 40 points, while holding their opponent to under 10. This became the first Super Bowl victory for the Seahawks and the fifth Super Bowl loss for the Broncos, tied with the New England Patriots for the most of any team. The game was played on February 2, 2014 at MetLife Stadium at the Meadowlands Sports Complex in East Rutherford, New Jersey, the first Super Bowl played outdoors in a cold - weather city and the first Super Bowl to be played on February 2.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Super Bowl",
"paragraph_text": "The leagues' owners chose the name ``AFL -- NFL Championship Game '', but in July 1966 the Kansas City Star quoted Hunt in discussing`` the Super Bowl -- that's my term for the championship game between the two leagues'', and the media immediately began using the term. Although the league stated in 1967 that ``not many people like it '', asking for suggestions and considering alternatives such as`` Merger Bowl'' and ``The Game '', the Associated Press reported that`` Super Bowl'' ``grew and grew and grew - until it reached the point that there was Super Week, Super Sunday, Super Teams, Super Players, ad infinitum ''.`` Super Bowl'' became official beginning with the third annual game. Roman numerals were first affixed for the fifth edition, in January 1971.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Cowboys–Steelers rivalry",
"paragraph_text": "The Steelers have remained competitive since and have won two more Super Bowls (Super Bowl XL, Super Bowl XLIII) and losing one (Super Bowl XLV) while the Cowboys have not been back to the Super Bowl since Super Bowl XXX and have won only three playoff games from 1996 onward. The two teams have only met four times since the 1998 NFL season. The Steelers defeated the Cowboys in the first two games, winning 24 -- 20 in 2004 and 20 -- 13 in 2008. The Cowboys then defeated the Steelers in 2012 by a 27 -- 24 margin in overtime and again in 2016 by a 35 -- 30 margin.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "List of Super Bowl champions",
"paragraph_text": "Before the 1970 merger between the American Football League (AFL) and the National Football League (NFL), the two leagues met in four such contests. The first two were marketed as the ``AFL -- NFL World Championship Game '', but were also casually referred to as`` the Super Bowl game'' during the television broadcast. Super Bowl III in January 1969 was the first such game that carried the ``Super Bowl ''moniker in official marketing, the names`` Super Bowl I'' and ``Super Bowl II ''were retroactively applied to the first two games. The NFC / NFL leads in Super Bowl wins with 26, while the AFC / AFL has won 25. Nineteen different franchises, including teams that relocated to another city, have won the Super Bowl.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Philadelphia Eagles",
"paragraph_text": "The Philadelphia Eagles are a professional American football franchise based in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The Eagles compete in the National Football League (NFL) as a member club of the league's National Football Conference (NFC) East division. They are Super Bowl champions, having won Super Bowl LII, their fourth NFL title, after winning in 1948, 1949, and 1960.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "American football",
"paragraph_text": "Europe is a major target for expansion of the game by football organizers. In the United Kingdom in the 1980s, the sport was fairly popular, with the 1986 Super Bowl being watched by over 4 million people (about 1 out of every 14 Britons). The sport's popularity faded over the 1990s, coinciding with the establishment of the Premier League. According to BBC America, there is a ``social stigma ''surrounding American football in the UK, with many Brits feeling the sport has no right to call itself 'football' due to the small emphasis on kicking. Nonetheless, the sport has retained a following in the United Kingdom; the NFL operates a media network in the country, and since 2007 has hosted the NFL International Series in London. Super Bowl viewership has also rebounded, with over 4.4 million Britons watching Super Bowl XLVI.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Dallas Cowboys",
"paragraph_text": "The Dallas Cowboys are a professional American football team based in the Dallas -- Fort Worth metroplex. The Cowboys compete in the National Football League (NFL) as a member club of the league's National Football Conference (NFC) East division. The team is headquartered in Frisco, Texas, and plays its home games at AT&T Stadium in Arlington, Texas, which opened for the 2009 season. The stadium took its current name prior to the 2013 season. The Cowboys joined the NFL as an expansion team in 1960. The team's national following might best be represented by its NFL record of consecutive sell - outs. The Cowboys' streak of 190 consecutive sold - out regular and post-season games (home and away) began in 2002. The franchise has made it to the Super Bowl eight times, tied with the Pittsburgh Steelers and the Denver Broncos for second most Super Bowl appearances in history, just behind the New England Patriots record ten Super Bowl appearances. This has also corresponded to eight NFC championships, most in the NFC. The Cowboys have won five of those Super Bowl appearances, tying them with their NFC rivals, the San Francisco 49ers, and the AFC's Patriots; all three are second to Pittsburgh's record six Super Bowl championships. The Cowboys are the only NFL team to record 20 straight winning seasons (1966 -- 85), in which they only missed the playoffs twice (1974 and 1984), an NFL record that remains unchallenged.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
How many times has the team which Richard Smith was a member of won the Super Bowl?
|
[
{
"id": 647412,
"question": "Richard Smith >> member of sports team",
"answer": "Kansas City Chiefs",
"paragraph_support_idx": 12
},
{
"id": 88234,
"question": "how many super bowl wins do #1 have",
"answer": "1",
"paragraph_support_idx": 3
}
] |
1
|
[] | true |
2hop__89162_77937
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Nick Barnett",
"paragraph_text": "Nicholas Alexander Barnett (born May 27, 1981) is a former American football linebacker. He played college football for Oregon State University, and was drafted by the Green Bay Packers in the first round of the 2003 NFL Draft. He has played professionally for the NFL's Green Bay Packers, Buffalo Bills and Washington Redskins. With the Packers, he won Super Bowl XLV against the Pittsburgh Steelers.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Craig Newsome",
"paragraph_text": "Craig Newsome (born August 10, 1971) is a former NFL cornerback who was drafted in the first round of the NFL draft by the Green Bay Packers, where he played for four years. He won Super Bowl XXXI with the Packers, beating the New England Patriots. He was later traded to the San Francisco 49ers in 1999.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "New York Jets",
"paragraph_text": "The team was founded in 1959 as the Titans of New York, an original member of the American Football League (AFL); later, the franchise joined the NFL in the AFL -- NFL merger in 1970. The team began to play in 1960 at the Polo Grounds. Under new ownership, the current name was adopted in 1963 and the franchise moved to Shea Stadium in 1964 and then to the Meadowlands Sports Complex in 1984. The Jets advanced to the playoffs for the first time in 1968 and went on to compete in Super Bowl III where they defeated the Baltimore Colts, becoming the first AFL team to defeat an NFL club in an AFL -- NFL World Championship Game. Since 1968, the Jets have appeared in the playoffs 13 times, and in the AFC Championship Game four times, most recently losing to the Pittsburgh Steelers in 2010. However, the Jets have never returned to the Super Bowl, making them one of three NFL teams to win their lone Super Bowl appearance, along with the New Orleans Saints and Tampa Bay Buccaneers. Apart from the Cleveland Browns and Detroit Lions, who have never reached the Super Bowl (although both won NFL championships prior to 1966), the Jets' drought is the longest among current NFL franchises.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Super Bowl XLV",
"paragraph_text": "Super Bowl XLV was an American football game between the American Football Conference (AFC) champion Pittsburgh Steelers and the National Football Conference (NFC) champion Green Bay Packers to decide the National Football League (NFL) champion for the 2010 season. The Packers defeated the Steelers by the score of 31 -- 25. The game was played on February 6, 2011, at Cowboys Stadium in Arlington, Texas, the first time the Super Bowl was played in the Dallas -- Fort Worth area.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Green Bay Packers",
"paragraph_text": "After finishing the regular season 10 -- 6 the Packers clinched the No. 6 seed in the NFC playoffs. They first faced No. 3 seeded Philadelphia, winning 21 -- 16. In the Divisional round, they defeated No. 1 seeded Atlanta 48 -- 21. They then played the Chicago Bears at Soldier Field in the NFC Championship Game -- only the second playoff meeting between the two storied rivals (the other a 33 -- 14 Chicago victory which sent them to the 1941 NFL Championship Game). Green Bay won 21 -- 14 to move on to Super Bowl XLV. On February 6, 2011, they defeated the AFC champion Pittsburgh Steelers 31 -- 25, becoming the first No. 6 seed from the NFC to win a Super Bowl. Aaron Rodgers was named Super Bowl MVP.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Green Bay Packers",
"paragraph_text": "After finishing the regular season 10 -- 6 the Packers clinched the No. 6 seed in the NFC playoffs. They first faced No. 3 seeded Philadelphia, winning 21 -- 16. In the Divisional round they defeated No. 1 seeded Atlanta 48 -- 21. They then played the Chicago Bears at Soldier Field in the NFC Championship Game -- only the second playoff meeting between the two storied rivals (the other a 33 -- 14 Chicago victory which sent them to the 1941 NFL Championship Game). Green Bay won 21 -- 14 to move on to Super Bowl XLV. On February 6, 2011, they defeated the AFC champion Pittsburgh Steelers 31 -- 25, becoming the first No. 6 seed from the NFC to win a Super Bowl. Aaron Rodgers was named Super Bowl MVP.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Carolina Panthers",
"paragraph_text": "The Panthers were announced as the league's 29th franchise in 1993, and began play in 1995. The Panthers played well in their first two years, finishing 7 -- 9 in 1995 (an all - time best for an NFL expansion team's first season) and 12 -- 4 the following year, winning the NFC West before ultimately losing to the eventual Super Bowl champion Green Bay Packers in the NFC Championship Game. They did not have another winning season until 2003, when they won the NFC Championship Game and reached Super Bowl XXXVIII, losing 32 -- 29 to the New England Patriots. After recording playoff appearances in 2005 and 2008, the team failed to record another playoff appearance until 2013, the first of three consecutive NFC South titles. After losing in the divisional round to the San Francisco 49ers in 2013 and the Seattle Seahawks in 2014, the Panthers finally returned to the Super Bowl in 2015, but lost to the Denver Broncos. The Panthers have reached the playoffs seven times, advancing to four NFC Championship Games and two Super Bowls. They have won six division titles, one in the NFC West and five in the NFC South.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Kansas City Chiefs",
"paragraph_text": "The Chiefs have won three AFL championships, in 1962, 1966, and 1969 and became the second AFL team (after the New York Jets) to defeat an NFL team in an AFL -- NFL World Championship Game, when they defeated the Minnesota Vikings in Super Bowl IV. The team's victory on January 11, 1970, remains the club's last championship game victory and appearance to date, and occurred in the final such competition prior to the leagues' merger coming into full effect. The Chiefs were also the second team, after the Green Bay Packers, to appear in more than one Super Bowl (and the first AFL team to do so) and the first to appear in the championship game in two different decades.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "2011 New England Patriots season",
"paragraph_text": "The Patriots lost in the Super Bowl to the New York Giants by a score of 21 -- 17. The Patriots, as was the case in their previous appearance against these same Giants in Super Bowl XLII, had a chance to join the San Francisco 49ers, the Dallas Cowboys, the Pittsburgh Steelers, and the Green Bay Packers as the only teams to win at least four Super Bowls (the Packers, who had entered the 2011 season as the defending champions, had not yet won a fourth Super Bowl when the Patriots had last appeared). Instead, the Patriots tied a then - NFL record for most losses in a Super Bowl that had been set by the Minnesota Vikings and tied by the Denver Broncos and Buffalo Bills, each of whom had lost four.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "2016 Pittsburgh Steelers season",
"paragraph_text": "The Steelers were the first team since the 2011 Green Bay Packers to play on both Thanksgiving and Christmas Day. The Steelers won the AFC North for the second time in three years and made the playoffs for the third straight year. The team also improved upon their 10 -- 6 record from 2015. Le'Veon Bell made his career first playoff appearance with the Steelers in the 2016 -- 17 playoffs. The Steelers went on to defeat the Miami Dolphins in the Wild Card round and the Kansas City Chiefs in the Divisional round before losing to the eventual Super Bowl champion New England Patriots 36 -- 17 in the AFC Championship Game. This was the Steelers' first appearance in the AFC Championship Game since the 2010 -- 11 NFL Season.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "John Elway",
"paragraph_text": "After two more Super Bowl losses, the Broncos entered a period of decline; however, that ended during the 1997 season, as Elway and Denver won their first Super Bowl title by defeating the Green Bay Packers 31 -- 24 in Super Bowl XXXII. The Broncos repeated as champions the following season in Super Bowl XXXIII by defeating the Atlanta Falcons 34 -- 19. Elway was voted MVP of that Super Bowl, which was the last game of his career, and in doing so Elway set a then - record five Super Bowl starts which was broken in February 2015 when Tom Brady of the New England Patriots started Super Bowl XLIX. As Denver's quarterback, Elway led his teams to six AFC Championship Games and five Super Bowls, winning two. After his retirement as a player, he served as general manager and executive vice president of football operations of the Broncos, which won four division titles, two AFC Championships, and Super Bowl 50 during his tenure. Elway has been a member of the Broncos organization for all three of their Super Bowl victories, two as a player and one as an executive.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "New York Jets",
"paragraph_text": "The team was founded in 1959 as the Titans of New York, an original member of the American Football League (AFL); later, the franchise joined the NFL in the AFL -- NFL merger in 1970. The team began to play in 1960 at the Polo Grounds. Under new ownership, the current name was adopted in 1963 and the franchise moved to Shea Stadium in 1964 and then to the Meadowlands Sports Complex in 1984. The Jets advanced to the playoffs for the first time in 1968 and went on to compete in Super Bowl III where they defeated the Baltimore Colts, becoming the first AFL team to defeat an NFL club in an AFL -- NFL World Championship Game. Since 1968, the Jets have appeared in the playoffs 13 times, and in the AFC Championship Game four times, most recently losing to the Pittsburgh Steelers in 2010. However, the Jets have never returned to the Super Bowl, making them one of three NFL teams to win their lone Super Bowl appearance, along with the New Orleans Saints and Tampa Bay Buccaneers.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Carolina Panthers",
"paragraph_text": "The Panthers were announced as the league's 29th franchise in 1993, and began play in 1995 under original owner and founder Jerry Richardson. The Panthers played well in their first two years, finishing 7 -- 9 in 1995 (an all - time best for an NFL expansion team's first season) and 12 -- 4 the following year, winning the NFC West before ultimately losing to the eventual Super Bowl champion Green Bay Packers in the NFC Championship Game. They did not have another winning season until 2003, when they won the NFC Championship Game and reached Super Bowl XXXVIII, losing 32 -- 29 to the New England Patriots. After recording playoff appearances in 2005 and 2008, the team failed to record another playoff appearance until 2013, the first of three consecutive NFC South titles. After losing in the divisional round to the San Francisco 49ers in 2013 and the Seattle Seahawks in 2014, the Panthers returned to the Super Bowl in 2015, but lost to the Denver Broncos. The Panthers have reached the playoffs seven times, advancing to four NFC Championship Games and two Super Bowls. They have won six division titles, one in the NFC West and five in the NFC South.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Super Bowl XXXVII",
"paragraph_text": "Super Bowl XXXVII was an American football game between the American Football Conference (AFC) champion Oakland Raiders and the National Football Conference (NFC) champion Tampa Bay Buccaneers to decide the National Football League (NFL) champion for the 2002 season. The Buccaneers defeated the Raiders by the score of 48 -- 21, tied with Super Bowl XXXV for the seventh largest Super Bowl margin of victory, and winning their first ever Super Bowl. The game, played on January 26, 2003 at Qualcomm Stadium in San Diego, California, was the sixth Super Bowl to be held a week after the conference championship games (XVII, XXV, XXVIII, XXXIV, and XXXVI). It was also the last Super Bowl played in the month of January.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "New York Jets",
"paragraph_text": "The team was founded in 1959 as the Titans of New York, an original member of the American Football League (AFL); later, the franchise joined the NFL in the AFL -- NFL merger in 1970. The team began to play in 1960 at the Polo Grounds. Under new ownership, the current name was adopted in 1963 and the franchise moved to Shea Stadium in 1964 and then to the Meadowlands Sports Complex in 1984. The Jets advanced to the playoffs for the first time in 1968 and went on to compete in Super Bowl III where they defeated the Baltimore Colts, becoming the first AFL team to defeat an NFL club in an AFL -- NFL World Championship Game. Since 1968, the Jets have appeared in the playoffs 13 times, and in the AFC Championship Game four times, most recently losing to the Pittsburgh Steelers in 2010. However, the Jets have never returned to the Super Bowl, making them one of three NFL teams to win their lone Super Bowl appearance, along with the New Orleans Saints and Tampa Bay Buccaneers. Apart from the Cleveland Browns and Detroit Lions, who have never reached the Super Bowl, the Jets' drought is the longest among current NFL franchises.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Super Bowl I",
"paragraph_text": "The first AFL - NFL World Championship Game in professional American football, known retroactively as Super Bowl I and referred to in some contemporaneous reports, including the game's radio broadcast, as the Super Bowl, was played on January 15, 1967 at the Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum in Los Angeles, California. The National Football League (NFL) champion Green Bay Packers defeated the American Football League (AFL) champion Kansas City Chiefs by the score of 35 -- 10.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "2009 New Orleans Saints season",
"paragraph_text": "With a victory over the Carolina Panthers on November 8, the Saints jumped out to an 8 -- 0 start, the best in franchise history. They would go on to set the record for the longest undefeated season opening (13 -- 0) by an NFC team since the AFL -- NFL merger, eclipsing the previous record (12 -- 0) held by the 1985 Chicago Bears. This record has since been tied by the 2011 Green Bay Packers and surpassed by the 2015 Carolina Panthers. Although losing the last three games of the season to finish 13 -- 3, the team clinched a playoff berth, a first - round bye and -- for the first time ever -- the top seed in the NFC. The Saints defeated Kurt Warner and the defending NFC Champions Arizona Cardinals in the NFC Divisional playoffs, and proceeded to host the NFC Championship Game for the first time in franchise history. There, they defeated Brett Favre and the Minnesota Vikings in overtime, then went on to face Peyton Manning and the Indianapolis Colts at Super Bowl XLIV in the franchise's first - ever Super Bowl appearance. The Saints won the Super Bowl 31 -- 17, giving the city of New Orleans its first NFL championship. The Saints are the first team to defeat three former Super Bowl winning quarterbacks in a row in the playoffs to win the Super Bowl. The Saints, along with the New York Jets and Tampa Bay Buccaneers, are the only teams to go to one Super Bowl and win it.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Super Bowl LII",
"paragraph_text": "Super Bowl LII was an American football game played to determine the champion of the National Football League (NFL) for the 2017 season. The National Football Conference (NFC) champion Philadelphia Eagles defeated the American Football Conference (AFC) and defending Super Bowl LI champion New England Patriots, 41 -- 33, to win their first Super Bowl and their first NFL title since 1960. The game was played on February 4, 2018, at U.S. Bank Stadium in Minneapolis, Minnesota. This was the second time that a Super Bowl was played in Minneapolis, the northernmost city to ever host the event, after Super Bowl XXVI at the Metrodome during the 1991 season, and the sixth Super Bowl held in a cold - weather city.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Kyle Wachholtz",
"paragraph_text": "Kyle Wachholtz (born May 17, 1972 in Norco, California) was a 7th round pick by the Green Bay Packers in the 1996 NFL Draft. Wachholtz won Super Bowl XXXI with the Packers against the New England Patriots. He played college football at USC.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Super Bowl XLVIII",
"paragraph_text": "Super Bowl XLVIII was an American football game between the American Football Conference (AFC) champion Denver Broncos and National Football Conference (NFC) champion Seattle Seahawks to decide the National Football League (NFL) champion for the 2013 season. The Seahawks defeated the Broncos 43 -- 8, the largest margin of victory for an underdog and tied for the third largest point differential overall (35) in Super Bowl history with Super Bowl XXVII (1993). It was the first time the winning team scored over 40 points, while holding their opponent to under 10. This became the first Super Bowl victory for the Seahawks and the fifth Super Bowl loss for the Broncos, tied with the New England Patriots for the most of any team. The game was played on February 2, 2014 at MetLife Stadium at the Meadowlands Sports Complex in East Rutherford, New Jersey, the first Super Bowl played outdoors in a cold - weather city and the first Super Bowl to be played on February 2.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
The team that beat Green Bay in the first superbowl last when to the superbowl when?
|
[
{
"id": 89162,
"question": "who did green bay beat in the first super bowl",
"answer": "Kansas City Chiefs",
"paragraph_support_idx": 15
},
{
"id": 77937,
"question": "when was the last time #1 went to the superbowl",
"answer": "January 11, 1970",
"paragraph_support_idx": 7
}
] |
January 11, 1970
|
[] | true |
2hop__798439_64689
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Paea",
"paragraph_text": "Paea is a commune in the suburbs of Papeete in French Polynesia, an overseas territory of France in the southern Pacific Ocean. Paea is located on the island of Tahiti, in the administrative subdivision of the Windward Islands, themselves part of the Society Islands. At the 2017 census it had a population of 13,021.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "History of Nevada",
"paragraph_text": "Francisco Garcés was the first European in the area. Nevada was annexed as a part of the Spanish Empire in the northwestern territory of New Spain. Administratively, the area of Nevada was part of the Commandancy General of the Provincias Internas in the Viceroyalty of New Spain. Nevada became a part of Alta California (Upper California) province in 1804 when the Californias were split. With the Mexican War of Independence won in 1821, the province of Alta California became a territory - not a state - of Mexico, due to the small population. In later years, a desire for increased autonomy led to several attempts by the Alta Californians to gain independence from Mexico. Jedediah Smith entered the Las Vegas Valley in 1827, and Peter Skene Ogden traveled the Humboldt River in 1828. As a result of the Mexican -- American War and the Treaty of Guadalupe - Hidalgo, Mexico permanently lost Alta California in 1848. The new areas acquired by the United States continued to be administered as territories. As part of the Mexican Cession (1848) and the subsequent California Gold Rush that used Emigrant Trails through the area, the state's area evolved first as part of the Utah Territory, then the Nevada Territory (March 2, 1861; named for the Sierra Nevada). The capitol is Carson City",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Siuslaw River Bridge",
"paragraph_text": "The Siuslaw River Bridge is a bascule bridge that spans the Siuslaw River on U.S. Route 101 in Florence, Oregon. It was designed by Conde McCullough, built by the Mercer-Fraser Company of Eureka, California, and funded by the Federal Emergency Administration of Public Works (later renamed the Public Works Administration). It opened in 1936.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Bogotá",
"paragraph_text": "Bogotá (/ ˈboʊɡətɑː /, / ˌbɒɡəˈtɑː /, / ˌboʊ - /; Spanish pronunciation: (boɣoˈta) (listen)), officially Bogotá, Distrito Capital, abbreviated Bogotá, D.C., and formerly known as Santafé de Bogotá between 1991 and 2000, is the capital and largest city of Colombia, administered as the Capital District, although often thought of as part of Cundinamarca. Bogotá is a territorial entity of the first order, with the same administrative status as the departments of Colombia. It is the political, economic, administrative, industrial, artistic, cultural, and sports center of the country.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Klarälven",
"paragraph_text": "Klarälven (\"The clear river\" in Swedish) is a river flowing through Norway and Sweden. Together with Göta älv, which it is called as the river has passed through the lake Vänern, thus regarded as an entity, Göta älv—Klarälven is the longest river in Scandinavia and in the Nordic countries and its Swedish part the longest river of Sweden. These two rivers also have the largest drainage basin in the same areas, including all the rivers that run into Vänern, of which is located in Sweden and in Norway.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "California wine",
"paragraph_text": "California has over 427,000 acres (1,730 km) planted under vines mostly located in a stretch of land covering over 700 miles (1,100 km) from Mendocino County to the southwestern tip of Riverside County. There are over 107 American Viticultural Areas (AVAs), including the well - known Napa, Russian River Valley, Rutherford and Sonoma Valley AVAs. The Central Valley is California's largest wine region stretching for 300 miles (480 km) from the Sacramento Valley south to the San Joaquin Valley. This one region produces nearly 75% of all California wine grapes and includes many of California's bulk, box and jug wine producers like Gallo, Franzia and Bronco Wine Company.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Dry Creek Valley AVA",
"paragraph_text": "The Dry Creek Valley AVA is an American Viticultural Area in Sonoma County, California, located northwest of the town of Healdsburg. The valley is formed by Dry Creek, a tributary of the Russian River, and is approximately long and wide. The appellation benefits from the proximity of the Lake Sonoma reservoir for irrigation in this relatively dry area.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Lesozavodsk",
"paragraph_text": "Lesozavodsk () is a town in Primorsky Krai, Russia, located on the Ussuri River (Amur's tributary), from the Sino–Russian border and about north of Vladivostok, the administrative center of the krai. Population: 37,000 (1972). It was formerly known as Ussuri ().",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Santa Rosa, California",
"paragraph_text": "Santa Rosa is a city in and the county seat of Sonoma County, California, United States. Its estimated 2014 population was 174,170. Santa Rosa is the largest city in California's Redwood Empire, Wine Country and the North Bay; the fifth most populous city in the San Francisco Bay Area after San Jose, San Francisco, Oakland, and Fremont; and the 28th most populous city in California.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Marussia Motors",
"paragraph_text": "In April 2014, the Marussia Motors company was disbanded, with staff leaving to join a government-run technical institute. The Marussia F1 team continued unaffected as a British entity, independent of the Russian car company. However, on 7 November 2014 the administrator announced that the F1 team had ceased trading.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Richardson Mountains",
"paragraph_text": "The Richardson Mountains are a mountain range located west of the mouth of the Mackenzie River in northern Yukon, Canada. They parallel the northernmost part of the boundary between Yukon and Northwest Territories.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Zalishchyky",
"paragraph_text": "Zalishchyky ( ; ), also spelled Zalischyky, is a small city located on the Dniester river in the southern part of the Ternopil Oblast (province), in western Ukraine. It is the administrative center of the Zalishchyky Raion (district).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Russian River Brewing Company",
"paragraph_text": "Russian River Brewing Company is a brewery and brewpub in downtown Santa Rosa, California, with a second location in Windsor. The company makes strong India pale ales and sour beers.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Biysky District",
"paragraph_text": "Biysky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-nine in Altai Krai, Russia. It is located in the east of the krai and borders with Zonalny, Tselinny, Soltonsky, Krasnogorsky, Sovetsky, and Smolensky Districts, as well as with the territory of the City of Biysk. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Biysk (which is not administratively a part of the district). District's population:",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Territory of Papua",
"paragraph_text": "In 1949, the Territory and the Territory of New Guinea were established in an administrative union by the name of the Territory of Papua and New Guinea. That administrative union was renamed as Papua New Guinea in 1971. Notwithstanding that it was part of an administrative union, the Territory of Papua at all times retained a distinct legal status and identity; it was a Possession of the Crown whereas the Territory of New Guinea was initially a League of Nations mandate territory and subsequently a United Nations trust territory. This important legal and political distinction remained until the advent of the Independent State of Papua New Guinea in 1975.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Moonlight Brewing Company",
"paragraph_text": "The Moonlight Brewing Company is a brewery founded in 1992 by Brian Hunt in Santa Rosa, California, USA. It is known for its flagship beer, Death & Taxes, which is popular in Sonoma County, California. In 2008, it received the",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Columbus Pump House",
"paragraph_text": "The Columbus Pump House, which is also known as the Columbus Power House, and the Senior Center, was designed by architect Harrison Albright and completed in 1903. In 2016 the building was renovated to become a restaurant for the Upland Brewing Company. The building stands on the banks of the East Fork of the White River at the foot of Second Street in Columbus, IN, Indiana. From 1903 to 1951 it served as the city's water works and pumped water from the river for domestic use; it also produced electricity for the city's street lighting. The city sold the property in 1952 and it was renovated to become Southern Machine Company. With a 1976 renovation it became the home to the \"Senior Center\", which used the building until 2011 when that group relocated into the newly built Mill Race Center. It is currently a brewpub operated by Upland Brewing Company.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Hudepohl Brewing Company",
"paragraph_text": "Hudepohl Brewing Company is a brewery established in Cincinnati, Ohio in 1885 by founder Ludwig Hudepohl II. Hudepohl was the son of Bavarian immigrants and had worked in the surgical tool business before starting his brewery. Hudepohl combined with Schoenling Brewing Company in 1986. Today, the Hudepohl-Schoenling Brewing Company is a wholly owned subsidiary of Christian Moerlein Brewing Co..",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Gudgenby River",
"paragraph_text": "The Gudgenby River, a perennial river that is part of the Murrumbidgee catchment within the Murray-Darling basin, is located in the Australian Capital Territory, Australia.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Manhattan Brewing Company of Chicago",
"paragraph_text": "The Manhattan Brewing Company was a brewery founded in Chicago, United States in 1893 which had associations with Al Capone and organized crime during and after prohibition. Manhattan later changed its name to the Canadian Ace Brewing Company and operated as such through the 1950s and 1960s until closing in 1968.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
In what part of California is Russian River Brewing Company located?
|
[
{
"id": 798439,
"question": "Russian River Brewing Company >> located in the administrative territorial entity",
"answer": "Santa Rosa",
"paragraph_support_idx": 12
},
{
"id": 64689,
"question": "what part of california is #1 in",
"answer": "Sonoma County",
"paragraph_support_idx": 8
}
] |
Sonoma County
|
[
"Sonoma County, California"
] | true |
2hop__678848_79562
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Guinea-Bissau",
"paragraph_text": "Rice is a staple in the diet of residents near the coast and millet a staple in the interior. Fish, shellfish, fruits and vegetables are commonly eaten along with cereal grains, milk, curd and whey. The Portuguese encouraged peanut production. Vigna subterranea (Bambara groundnut) and Macrotyloma geocarpum (Hausa groundnut) are also grown. Black-eyed peas are also part of the diet. Palm oil is harvested.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "McLeod's Daughters",
"paragraph_text": "McLeod's Daughters McLeod's Daughters season 5 - 7 title card Also known as Drovers Run, McLeod's Genre Drama Created by Posie Graeme - Evans Caroline Stanton Developed by Posie Graeme - Evans Starring Bridie Carter Lisa Chappell Rachael Carpani Simmone Jade Mackinnon Aaron Jeffery Michala Banas Abi Tucker Matt Passmore Zoe Naylor Jessica Napier Brett Tucker Myles Pollard Doris Younane Sonia Todd Luke Jacobz Jonny Pasvolsky Gillian Alexy Dustin Clare Edwina Ritchard John Schwarz Theme music composer Chris Harriott Opening theme Rebecca Lavelle Posie Graeme - Evans Chris Harriot Composer (s) Chris Harriott Alastair Ford Country of origin Australia Original language (s) English No. of seasons 8 No. of episodes 224 and Telemovie (list of episodes) Production Executive producer (s) Kris Noble Posie Graeme - Evans Susan Bower Karl Zwicky Sandra Levy Jo Horsburgh Producer (s) Posie Graeme - Evans Susan Bower Karl Zwicky Vikki Barr Location (s) Kingsford between the townships of Gawler and Freeling, one hour north of Adelaide Camera setup Single - camera setup; Film (Super 16) Running time 45 minutes Production company (s) Millennium Television Southern Star Distributor Southern Star Release Original network Nine Network Picture format 576i PAL (16: 9 SDTV) 1080i (HDTV) Audio format Dolby Digital 5.1 Original release 8 August 2001 -- 31 January 2009 External links Website web.archive.org/web/20090327163505/http: / / mcleodsdaughters.ninemsn.com.au/default.aspx",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Thirteen Colonies",
"paragraph_text": "In 1606, King James I of England granted charters to both the Plymouth Company and the London Company for the purpose of establishing permanent settlements in North America. The London Company established the Colony and Dominion of Virginia in 1607, the first permanently settled English colony on the North American continent. The Plymouth Company founded the Popham Colony on the Kennebec River, but it was short - lived. The Plymouth Council for New England sponsored several colonization projects, culminating with Plymouth Colony in 1620 which was settled by the English Puritans, known today as the Pilgrims. The Dutch, Swedish, and French also established successful North American colonies at roughly the same time as the English, but they eventually came under the English crown. The Thirteen Colonies were complete with the establishment of the Province of Georgia in 1732, although the term ``Thirteen Colonies ''became current only in the context of the American Revolution.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Pat Smythe (pianist)",
"paragraph_text": "Patrick Mungo Smythe (May 1923 – 1983) was a Scottish jazz pianist who rose to prominence as a member of the Joe Harriott Quintet during the 1960s.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Ready Steady Cook",
"paragraph_text": "Ready Steady Cook is a BBC daytime TV cooking game show. It debuted on 24 October 1994 and the last edition was broadcast on 2 February 2010. The programme was hosted by Fern Britton from 1994 until 2000 when celebrity chef Ainsley Harriott became the new host. In August 2000, when Harriott took over, the duration of the programme was extended from 30 to 45 minutes.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Canadian Human Rights Commission",
"paragraph_text": "The Canadian Human Rights Commission (CHRC) was established in 1977 by the government of Canada. It is empowered under the \"Canadian Human Rights Act\" to investigate and try to settle complaints of discrimination in employment and in the provision of services within federal jurisdiction. The CHRC is also empowered under the \"Employment Equity Act\" to ensure that federally regulated employers provide equal opportunities for four designated groups: women, Aboriginal people, the disabled and visible minorities. The CHRC helps enforce these human rights and inform the general public and employers of these rights.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Armed Forces' Pay Review Body",
"paragraph_text": "The Armed Forces' Pay Review Body is a United Kingdom non-departmental public body (and a Review Body) established to review and recommend the pay and terms and conditions of employment of the British armed forces. It is funded by the Ministry of Defence, and the Office of Manpower Economics provides the Review Body with an independent Secretariat.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Staples Pond",
"paragraph_text": "Staples Pond is located in the town of Temple, Maine, in the United States. Some locals prefer to call it \"Santa Claus Lake\", because of its appearance from the air. Water from Staples Pond flows via Temple Stream to the Sandy River in Farmington, and thence to the Kennebec River.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "British Empire",
"paragraph_text": "No further attempts to establish English colonies in the Americas were made until well into the reign of Queen Elizabeth I, during the last decades of the 16th century. In the meantime the Protestant Reformation had turned England and Catholic Spain into implacable enemies . In 1562, the English Crown encouraged the privateers John Hawkins and Francis Drake to engage in slave-raiding attacks against Spanish and Portuguese ships off the coast of West Africa with the aim of breaking into the Atlantic trade system. This effort was rebuffed and later, as the Anglo-Spanish Wars intensified, Elizabeth I gave her blessing to further privateering raids against Spanish ports in the Americas and shipping that was returning across the Atlantic, laden with treasure from the New World. At the same time, influential writers such as Richard Hakluyt and John Dee (who was the first to use the term \"British Empire\") were beginning to press for the establishment of England's own empire. By this time, Spain had become the dominant power in the Americas and was exploring the Pacific ocean, Portugal had established trading posts and forts from the coasts of Africa and Brazil to China, and France had begun to settle the Saint Lawrence River area, later to become New France.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Sir John Morden, 1st Baronet",
"paragraph_text": "Sir John Morden, 1st Baronet (13 August 1623 – 6 September 1708) was a successful English merchant and philanthropist who also served briefly as an MP. He established Morden College in Blackheath, south-east London as a home for retired merchants; as a charity, it continues to provide residential care over 300 years later.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Michael John Fles",
"paragraph_text": "Michael John Fles was born to a Dutch father, George Fles, and a British mother, Pearl Rimel. As conscious communists, his parents had moved to the Soviet Union, where his father fell victim to Joseph Stalin's Great Purge. The mother, pregnant with Michael John, left the Soviet Union to give birth in London. Mother and son later emigrated to the United States, where Pearl Rimel found employment in the aircraft industry. Michael John grew up in Los Angeles and Ojai, California, where he graduated from the Ojai Valley School in 1950.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "John Staples Harriott",
"paragraph_text": "John Staples Harriott (1780–1839) was a British army officer stationed in India, in the service of the East India Company. He came to acquire the \"Jami' al-tawarikh\" in its original manuscript. In his studies of the Roma people, he made an identification with a legend of Bahram Gur and the Luri to support a Romani presence in Sasanid Persia, now considered to be an unjustified and uncritical deduction that has persisted.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "WorkCover Authority of New South Wales",
"paragraph_text": "The WorkCover Authority of New South Wales or WorkCover NSW is a New South Wales Government agency established in 1989. The agency creates regulations to promote productive, healthy and safe workplaces for workers and employers in New South Wales. The agency formed part of the Safety, Return to Work and Support Division established pursuant to the Safety, Return to Work and Support Board Act, 2012 (NSW).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Adult contemporary music",
"paragraph_text": "Mainstream AC itself has evolved in a similar fashion over the years; traditional AC artists like Barbra Streisand, the Carpenters, Dionne Warwick, Barry Manilow, John Denver, and Olivia Newton-John found it harder to have major Top 40 hits as the 1980s wore on, and due to the influence of MTV, artists who were staples of the Contemporary Hit Radio format, such as Richard Marx, Michael Jackson, Bonnie Tyler, George Michael, Phil Collins, and Laura Branigan began crossing over to the AC charts with greater frequency. Collins has been described by AllMusic as \"one of the most successful pop and adult contemporary singers of the '80s and beyond\". However, with the combination of MTV and AC radio, adult contemporary appeared harder to define as a genre, with established soft-rock artists of the past still charting pop hits and receiving airplay alongside mainstream radio fare from newer artists at the time.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "East India Company",
"paragraph_text": "The company received a Royal Charter from Queen Elizabeth I on 31 December 1600, coming relatively late to trade in the Indies. Before them the Portuguese Estado da Índia had traded there for much of the 16th century and the first of half a dozen Dutch Companies sailed to trade there from 1595, which amalgamated in March 1602 into the United East Indies Company (VOC), which introduced the first permanent joint stock from 1612 (meaning investment into shares did not need to be returned, but could be traded on a stock exchange). Wealthy merchants and aristocrats owned the EIC's shares. Initially the government owned no shares and had only indirect control until 1657 when permanent joint stock was established.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "I Found Out",
"paragraph_text": "\"I Found Out\" is a song by the English musician John Lennon from his 1970 album \"John Lennon/Plastic Ono Band\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Thirteen Colonies",
"paragraph_text": "In 1606, King James I of England granted charters to both the Plymouth Company and the London Company for the purpose of establishing permanent settlements in North America. The first permanently settled English colony on the North American continent was the Colony and Dominion of Virginia, established 1607. The Plymouth Company did found the Popham Colony on the Kennebec River, but it was short - lived. The Plymouth Council for New England sponsored several colonization projects, culminating with Plymouth Colony, which was settled by the English Puritans who are known today as the Pilgrims. The Dutch, Swedish, and French also established successful North American colonies at roughly the same time as the English, but they eventually came under the English crown. The 13 colonies were complete with the establishment of the Province of Georgia in 1732, although the term ``Thirteen Colonies ''became current only in the context of the American Revolution.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Affirmative action in the United States",
"paragraph_text": "In the 1960 presidential election, Democratic candidate and future President John F. Kennedy \"criticized President Eisenhower for not ending discrimination in federally supported housing\" and \"advocated a permanent Fair Employment Practices Commission\".:59 Shortly after taking office, Kennedy issued Executive Order 10925 in March 1961, requiring government contractors to \"consider and recommend additional affirmative steps which should be taken by executive departments and agencies to realize more fully the national policy of nondiscrimination…. The contractor will take affirmative action to ensure that applicants are employed, and that employees are treated during employment, without regard to their race, creed, color, or national origin\".:60 The order also established the President's Committee on Equal Employment Opportunity (PCEEO), chaired by Vice President Lyndon B. Johnson. Federal contractors who failed to comply or violated the executive order were punished by contract cancellation and the possible debarment from future government contracts. The administration was \"not demanding any special preference or treatment or quotas for minorities\" but was rather \"advocating racially neutral hiring to end job discrimination\".:61 Turning to issues of women's rights, Kennedy initiated a Commission on the Status of Women in December 1961. The commission was charged with \"examining employment policies and practices of the government and of contractors\" with regard to sex.:66",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Tuvalu",
"paragraph_text": "New Zealand has an annual quota of 75 Tuvaluans granted work permits under the Pacific Access Category, as announced in 2001. The applicants register for the Pacific Access Category (PAC) ballots; the primary criteria is that the principal applicant must have a job offer from a New Zealand employer. Tuvaluans also have access to seasonal employment in the horticulture and viticulture industries in New Zealand under the Recognised Seasonal Employer (RSE) Work Policy introduced in 2007 allowing for employment of up to 5,000 workers from Tuvalu and other Pacific islands. Tuvaluans can participate in the Australian Pacific Seasonal Worker Program, which allows Pacific Islanders to obtain seasonal employment in the Australian agriculture industry, in particular cotton and cane operations; fishing industry, in particular aquaculture; and with accommodation providers in the tourism industry.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "George Wegner Paus",
"paragraph_text": "George Wegner Paus (14 October 1882 – 22 December 1923), often known as \"George Paus\", was a Norwegian lawyer and Director at the Norwegian Employers' Confederation. As such, he played an important role in labour issues in Norway and in the development of Norwegian labour law from the early 20th century. He participated in the establishment of the International Labour Organization in 1919 as a representative of the Norwegian government and was a member of governmental committees.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
When was John Staples Harriott's employer established?
|
[
{
"id": 678848,
"question": "John Staples Harriott >> employer",
"answer": "East India Company",
"paragraph_support_idx": 11
},
{
"id": 79562,
"question": "when was the english #1 established",
"answer": "31 December 1600",
"paragraph_support_idx": 14
}
] |
31 December 1600
|
[] | true |
2hop__745795_78772
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Peacock Ridge",
"paragraph_text": "Peacock Ridge () is a ridge standing between Mount Soucek and Mount Porteus, in the north part of the Tula Mountains in Enderby Land, Antarctica. Plotted from air photos taken from ANARE (Australian National Antarctic Research Expeditions) aircraft in 1956. Named by Antarctic Names Committee of Australia (ANCA) for D. Peacock, a member of the crew of the Discovery during the British Australian New Zealand Antarctic Research Expedition (BANZARE), 1929-31.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "East India Company",
"paragraph_text": "The company received a Royal Charter from Queen Elizabeth I on 31 December 1600, making it the oldest among several similarly formed European East India Companies. Wealthy merchants and aristocrats owned the company's shares. Initially the government owned no shares and had only indirect control.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "State Bank of Bikaner & Jaipur",
"paragraph_text": "State Bank of Bikaner & Jaipur came into existence on 1963 when two banks, namely, State Bank of Bikaner (established in 1944) and State Bank of Jaipur (established in 1943), were merged. Both these banks were subsidiaries of the State Bank of India under the State Bank of India (Subsidiary Bank) Act, 1959.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "WorkCover Authority of New South Wales",
"paragraph_text": "The WorkCover Authority of New South Wales or WorkCover NSW is a New South Wales Government agency established in 1989. The agency creates regulations to promote productive, healthy and safe workplaces for workers and employers in New South Wales. The agency formed part of the Safety, Return to Work and Support Division established pursuant to the Safety, Return to Work and Support Board Act, 2012 (NSW).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Edward VII",
"paragraph_text": "Edward VII (Albert Edward; 9 November 1841 – 6 May 1910) was King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and Emperor of India from 22 January 1901 until his death in 1910.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Edwards Pillar",
"paragraph_text": "Edwards Pillar () is a large rock pillar on the western face of Mount Stinear in the Prince Charles Mountains of Antarctica. The feature is in the vicinity of a geodetic survey station established by the Australian National Antarctic Research Expeditions Prince Charles Mountains survey party in 1971. It was named for N.F. Edwards, a surveyor with the party.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Minister of Railways (India)",
"paragraph_text": "The Minister of Railways is the head of the Ministry of Railways of the Government of India. The railway minister is usually accorded a cabinet rank, and is responsible for Indian Railways, one of the largest employers in the world. An important responsibility of the railway minister is to present in Parliament the Railway Budget, the Annual Financial Statement of Indian Railways. Piyush Goyal of the Bharatiya Janata Party is the current Minister of Railways, serving since 3 September 2017. Railways Minister (India)",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Mumbai",
"paragraph_text": "Mumbai is India's largest city (by population) and is the financial and commercial capital of the country as it generates 6.16% of the total GDP. It serves as an economic hub of India, contributing 10% of factory employment, 25% of industrial output, 33% of income tax collections, 60% of customs duty collections, 20% of central excise tax collections, 40% of India's foreign trade and ₹4,000 crore (US $610 million) in corporate taxes. Along with the rest of India, Mumbai has witnessed an economic boom since the liberalisation of 1991, the finance boom in the mid-nineties and the IT, export, services and outsourcing boom in the 2000s. Although Mumbai had prominently figured as the hub of economic activity of India in the 1990s, the Mumbai Metropolitan Region is presently witnessing a reduction in its contribution to India's GDP.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "National symbols of India",
"paragraph_text": "National bird Indian peacock Indian peacock (Pavo cristatus) is designated as the national bird of India. A bird indigenous to the subcontinent, peacock represents the unity of vivid colours and finds references in Indian culture. On February 1, 1963, The Government of India have decided to have the Peacock as the national bird of India. The decision has been taken after considering the views of the State Governments and the opinions expressed in the Press. The question of selecting a national bird has been under consideration since the Tokyo conference of the International Council for Bird Preservation held in May 1960. This matter was taken up by the Indian Board for Wild Life and the State Governments were also asked to give their views. Some of the other birds considered for the honour were the Great Indian Bustard, the Sarus crane, the ``Garuda ''and the Swan (Hamsa), the strongest contender being the Great Indian Bustard.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Dehradun Cantonment",
"paragraph_text": "Dehradun Cantonment is a cantonment town in Dehradun district in the state of Uttarakhand, India. It was established in 1913.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Canadian Human Rights Commission",
"paragraph_text": "The Canadian Human Rights Commission (CHRC) was established in 1977 by the government of Canada. It is empowered under the \"Canadian Human Rights Act\" to investigate and try to settle complaints of discrimination in employment and in the provision of services within federal jurisdiction. The CHRC is also empowered under the \"Employment Equity Act\" to ensure that federally regulated employers provide equal opportunities for four designated groups: women, Aboriginal people, the disabled and visible minorities. The CHRC helps enforce these human rights and inform the general public and employers of these rights.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Edward Gryffydh Peacock",
"paragraph_text": "Peacock was the son of the poet Thomas Love Peacock and his wife Jane Gryffydh. In 1841 he was appointed midshipman in the Indian Navy. He arrived in India in October 1841 but returned to England for medical reasons in April 1842. In 1844 he became a clerk in the examiners office at East India House. He collaborated with George Meredith in publishing a privately circulated literary magazine, the \"Monthly Observer\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Peacock in the Park",
"paragraph_text": "Peacock in the Park is an annual LGBT variety show, held at Washington Park in Portland, Oregon, in the United States. The event was founded in 1987 and ran for 18 years, until it was replaced by the Peacock After Dark event in 2005. Due to popular demand, Peacock in the Park returned in 2014. It is considered family-friendly and is free to attend. Shows feature dancers, drag performances, and live music.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Minister of Railways (India)",
"paragraph_text": "The Minister of Railways is the head of the Ministry of Railways of the Government of India. The railway minister is usually accorded a cabinet rank, and is responsible for Indian Railways, the largest employer in the world. An important responsibility of the railway minister is to present in Parliament the Railway Budget, the Annual Financial Statement of Indian Railways. Piyush Goyal of the Bharatiya Janata Party is the current Minister of Railways, serving since 3 September 2017. Railways Minister (India)",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Edward Gryffydh Peacock",
"paragraph_text": "Edward Gryffydh Peacock (30 July 1825 – 4 January 1867) was an English official of the East India Company, publisher, writer and rower who won the Wingfield Sculls and Diamond Challenge Sculls at Henley Royal Regatta.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Being Human Foundation",
"paragraph_text": "Founded 2007 Founder Salman Khan Type Education and healthcare for underprivileged Focus Underprivileged children Location Mumbai Area served India Products Clothing and watches Services Education, employment and medical treatment Method Direct training, funding medical treatment, supplies for the differently - abled Owner Salman Khan Website www.beinghumanonline.com",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Institute of Microbial Technology",
"paragraph_text": "The Institute of Microbial Technology (IMTECH), based in Chandigarh, India, is one of the constituent establishments of the Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (CSIR). It was established in 1984.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Armed Forces' Pay Review Body",
"paragraph_text": "The Armed Forces' Pay Review Body is a United Kingdom non-departmental public body (and a Review Body) established to review and recommend the pay and terms and conditions of employment of the British armed forces. It is funded by the Ministry of Defence, and the Office of Manpower Economics provides the Review Body with an independent Secretariat.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "The Copper Peacock",
"paragraph_text": "The Copper Peacock and Other Stories is a short-story collection by British writer Ruth Rendell. The title comes from the 6th story in the collection, in which a copper bookmark in the form of a peacock is gift from a cleaner to her employer, the giving of which has significant ramifications for their relationship. The final story in the collection features her popular series protagonist Inspector Reg Wexford.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Ghana-India Kofi Annan Centre of Excellence in ICT",
"paragraph_text": "The Ghana-India Kofi Annan Centre of Excellence in ICT is Ghana’s first Advanced Information Technology Institute (AITI) l. It was established in 2003, through a partnership between the Government of Ghana and the Government of India.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
When was Edward Gryffydh Peacock's employer established in India?
|
[
{
"id": 745795,
"question": "Edward Gryffydh Peacock >> employer",
"answer": "East India Company",
"paragraph_support_idx": 14
},
{
"id": 78772,
"question": "when was #1 established in india",
"answer": "31 December 1600",
"paragraph_support_idx": 1
}
] |
31 December 1600
|
[] | true |
2hop__33494_45004
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Granby Center Historic District",
"paragraph_text": "The Granby Center Historic District is a predominantly residential historic district encompassing a portion of the village of Granby Center in Granby, Connecticut. The village developed in the 18th century as a farming center, and a now includes a variety of architectural styles from the late 18th to early 20th centuries. The district was listed on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) in 1985.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Dutch East India Company",
"paragraph_text": "The United East India Company, sometimes known as the United East Indies Company (Dutch: Vereenigde Oostindische Compagnie; or Verenigde Oost - Indische Compagnie in modern spelling; abbreviated to VOC), better known to the English - speaking world as the Dutch East India Company or sometimes as the Dutch East Indies Company, was a multinational corporation that was founded in 1602 and became defunct in 1799. It was originally established as a chartered company to trade with India and Indianized Southeast Asian countries when the Dutch government granted it a 21 - year monopoly on the Dutch spice trade. The VOC was an early multinational corporation in its modern sense. In the early 1600s, by widely issuing bonds and shares of stock to the general public, the VOC became the world's first formally listed public company. In other words, it was the first corporation to be ever actually listed on an official stock exchange. The VOC was influential in the rise of corporate - led globalization in the early modern period. With its pioneering institutional innovations and powerful roles in world history, the company is considered by many to be the first major modern global corporation, and at its height was the most valuable corporation ever.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Retirement",
"paragraph_text": "Retirement, or the practice of leaving one's job or ceasing to work after reaching a certain age, has been around since around the 18th century. Prior to the 18th century, the average life expectancy of people was between 26 and 40 years. Due to this, only a small percentage of the population were reaching an age where physical impairments began to be obstacles to working. Retirement as a government policy began to be adopted by countries during the late 19th century and the 20th century, beginning in Germany under Otto Von Bismarck.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Dutch Republic",
"paragraph_text": "During the Dutch Golden Age in the late 16th century onward, the Dutch Republic dominated world trade in the 17th century, conquering a vast colonial empire and operating the largest fleet of merchantmen of any nation. The County of Holland was the wealthiest and most urbanized region in the world.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Moosarambagh",
"paragraph_text": "Moosrambagh also Moosa Ram Bagh is an old suburb of Hyderabad, Telangana, India. It is named after the French military commander Monsieur Raymond who served the Nizams during the 18th century. His tomb Raymond's Tomb is located near Asman Garh Palace. The locality of \"Moosa-Ram-Bagh\" is named after him. Wherein, Bagh refers to \"a Garden\" as the area was once covered by huge greenery.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "John Rider House",
"paragraph_text": "The John Rider House is located on Main Street (CT 53) in Danbury, Connecticut, United States. It is a wooden frame house dating to the late 18th century.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Raid on Groton",
"paragraph_text": "The Raid on Groton happened during King William's War, on July 18, 1694, at Groton, Massachusetts. This was one of numerous attacks against the settlement in the late 17th and early 18th centuries; the village was also raided in 1707 during Queen Anne's War. The French and their First Nations allies did a brisk trade in ransoming captives; some of the youngest captives were adopted by Mohawk families.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Pieter Vreede",
"paragraph_text": "Pieter Vreede (October 8, 1750– September 21, 1837), was a Dutch politician of the Batavian Republic in the 18th century. Vreede was born in Leiden and died in Heusden. He was a prominent critic of stadholderian misrule and of the urban patriciate.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "ANCODS",
"paragraph_text": "The Australian Netherlands Committee on Old Dutch Shipwrecks (ANCODS) is an organization tasked with maintaining and allocating artefacts from 17th and 18th century Dutch shipwrecks off the coast of Western Australia. It was founded in 1972 by the \"Agreement between Australia and the Netherlands Concerning Old Dutch Shipwrecks\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Szlachta",
"paragraph_text": "According to heraldic sources 1,600 is a total estimated number of all legal ennoblements throughout the history of Kingdom of Poland and Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth from the 14th century onward (half of which were performed in the final years of the late 18th century).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Rising Sun Inn",
"paragraph_text": "The Rising Sun Inn is a historic home in Anne Arundel County, Maryland, United States. It is a mid- and late-18th-century -story frame house. The earlier section dates to about 1753 and is covered with a gable roof and features a brick gable end. In the late 18th century, a frame, one-room gambrel roof wing was added to the northwest gable end of the house. Since 1916, it has been used as the headquarters of the Ann Arundel Chapter of the Daughters of the American Revolution.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Hyderabad",
"paragraph_text": "In 1769 Hyderabad city became the formal capital of the Nizams. In response to regular threats from Hyder Ali (Dalwai of Mysore), Baji Rao I (Peshwa of the Maratha Empire), and Basalath Jung (Asif Jah II's elder brother, who was supported by the Marquis de Bussy-Castelnau), the Nizam signed a subsidiary alliance with the East India Company in 1798, allowing the British Indian Army to occupy Bolarum (modern Secunderabad) to protect the state's borders, for which the Nizams paid an annual maintenance to the British.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Easter Island",
"paragraph_text": "The name ``Easter Island ''was given by the island's first recorded European visitor, the Dutch explorer Jacob Roggeveen, who encountered it on Easter Sunday (5 April) in 1722, while searching for Davis or David's island. Roggeveen named it Paasch - Eyland (18th - century Dutch for`` Easter Island''). The island's official Spanish name, Isla de Pascua, also means ``Easter Island ''.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Teylers Stichting",
"paragraph_text": "The Teylers Stichting (English: Teylers Foundation) is a Dutch foundation founded with the heritage of the Dutch 18th century cloth merchant and banker Pieter Teyler van der Hulst to support the people in need and encourage worship, science and art (\"ter ondersteuning van behoeftigen en ter aanmoediging van godsdienst, wetenschap\").",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Shorter House (Crawford, New York)",
"paragraph_text": "The Shorter House is located at the end of Andrews Road in Thompson Ridge, a hamlet in the Town of Crawford in Orange County, New York, United States. It is a late 18th-century building later modified in the Greek Revival style.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Wig",
"paragraph_text": "Among women in the French court of Versailles in the mid-to - late 18th century, large, elaborate and often themed wigs (such as the stereotypical ``boat poufs '') were in vogue for women. These combed - up hair extensions were often very heavy, weighted down with pomades, powders, and other ornamentation. In the late 18th century these coiffures (along with many other indulgences in court life) became symbolic of the decadence of the French nobility, and for that reason quickly became out of fashion from the beginning of the French Revolution in 1789.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Justus van Effen",
"paragraph_text": "Justus van Effen (21 February 1684 – 18 September 1735) was a Dutch author, who wrote chiefly in French but also made crucial contributions to Dutch literature. A journalist, he imitated \"The Spectator\" with the publication of Dutch language \"Hollandsche Spectator\". He gained international fame as a writer of French periodicals and a translator from English into French, and he is also recognized as one of the most important Dutch language writers of the 18th century and an influential figure of the Dutch Enlightenment.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "John Daly Burk",
"paragraph_text": "John Daly Burk (ca.1776–1808) was an Irish-born dramatist, historian and newspaperman in the United States in the late 18th and early 19th centuries. He died fighting a duel in Virginia in 1808.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Qing dynasty",
"paragraph_text": "By the end of the 18th century the population had risen to 300 million from approximately 150 million during the late Ming dynasty. The dramatic rise in population was due to several reasons, including the long period of peace and stability in the 18th century and the import of new crops China received from the Americas, including peanuts, sweet potatoes and maize. New species of rice from Southeast Asia led to a huge increase in production. Merchant guilds proliferated in all of the growing Chinese cities and often acquired great social and even political influence. Rich merchants with official connections built up huge fortunes and patronized literature, theater and the arts. Textile and handicraft production boomed.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Acquinsicke",
"paragraph_text": "Acquinsicke is a historic home located near Pomfret, Charles County, Maryland, United States. It was built between 1783 and 1798, is a highly significant example of late 18th century, early Federal architecture. It is a rectangular, two story, five bay, clapboarded frame dwelling with one-story additions to each end. The house's landscape features include a series of two terraced falls.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
When did the entity with which Nizam was allied in the late 18th century end?
|
[
{
"id": 33494,
"question": "Whom did the Nizam ally with in the late 18th century?",
"answer": "East India Company",
"paragraph_support_idx": 11
},
{
"id": 45004,
"question": "when did the dutch #1 end",
"answer": "1799",
"paragraph_support_idx": 1
}
] |
1799
|
[] | true |
2hop__6078_79562
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "North Carolina",
"paragraph_text": "In 1584, Elizabeth I granted a charter to Sir Walter Raleigh, for whom the state capital is named, for land in present-day North Carolina (then part of the territory of Virginia). It was the second American territory which the English attempted to colonize. Raleigh established two colonies on the coast in the late 1580s, but both failed. The fate of the \"Lost Colony\" of Roanoke Island remains one of the most widely debated mysteries of American history. Virginia Dare, the first English child to be born in North America, was born on Roanoke Island on August 18, 1587; Dare County is named for her.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "British colonization of the Americas",
"paragraph_text": "The British colonization of the Americas (including colonization by both the English and the Scots) began in 1607 in Jamestown, Virginia, and reached its peak when colonies had been established throughout the Americas. The English, and later the British, were among the most important colonizers of the Americas, and their American empire came to rival the Spanish American colonies in military and economic might.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "East India Company",
"paragraph_text": "The company received a Royal Charter from Queen Elizabeth I on 31 December 1600, coming relatively late to trade in the Indies. Before them the Portuguese Estado da Índia had traded there for much of the 16th century and the first of half a dozen Dutch Companies sailed to trade there from 1595, which amalgamated in March 1602 into the United East Indies Company (VOC), which introduced the first permanent joint stock from 1612 (meaning investment into shares did not need to be returned, but could be traded on a stock exchange). Wealthy merchants and aristocrats owned the EIC's shares. Initially the government owned no shares and had only indirect control until 1657 when permanent joint stock was established.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "History of the west coast of North America",
"paragraph_text": "Explorers flying the flag of Spain reached the New World beginning in 1492 with the discovery of America by Christopher Columbus. Spanish expeditions colonized and explored vast areas in North and South America following the grants of the Pope (contained in the 1493 papal bull Inter caetera) and rights contained in the 1494 Treaty of Tordesillas and 1529 Treaty of Zaragoza. These formal acts gave Spain the exclusive rights to colonize the entire Western Hemisphere (excluding eastern Brazil), including all of the west coast of North America. The first European expedition to actually reach the west coast was led by the Spaniard Vasco Núñez de Balboa, who reached the Pacific coast of Panama in 1513. In an act of enduring historical importance, Balboa claimed the Pacific Ocean for the Spanish Crown, as well as all adjoining land and islands. This act gave Spain exclusive sovereignty and navigation rights over the entire west coast of North America.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Saint Helena",
"paragraph_text": "The Dutch Republic formally made claim to Saint Helena in 1633, although there is no evidence that they ever occupied, colonised or fortified it. By 1651, the Dutch had mainly abandoned the island in favour of their colony at the Cape of Good Hope.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "French colonization of the Americas",
"paragraph_text": "The French colonization of the Americas began in the 16th century, and continued on into the following centuries as France established a colonial empire in the Western Hemisphere. France founded colonies in much of eastern North America, on a number of Caribbean islands, and in South America. Most colonies were developed to export products such as fish, rice, sugar, and furs.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Thirteen Colonies",
"paragraph_text": "In 1606, King James I of England granted charters to both the Plymouth Company and the London Company for the purpose of establishing permanent settlements in North America. The London Company established the Colony and Dominion of Virginia in 1607, the first permanently settled English colony on the North American continent. The Plymouth Company founded the Popham Colony on the Kennebec River, but it was short - lived. The Plymouth Council for New England sponsored several colonization projects, culminating with Plymouth Colony in 1620 which was settled by the English Puritans, known today as the Pilgrims. The Dutch, Swedish, and French also established successful North American colonies at roughly the same time as the English, but they eventually came under the English crown. The Thirteen Colonies were complete with the establishment of the Province of Georgia in 1732, although the term ``Thirteen Colonies ''became current only in the context of the American Revolution.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Great Bengal famine of 1770",
"paragraph_text": "In the 17th century, the English East India Company had been given a grant of the town of Calcutta by the Mughal Prince Shah Shuja. At this time the Company was effectively another tributary power of the Mughal. During the following century, the company obtained sole trading rights for the province and went on to become the dominant power in Bengal. In 1757, at the Battle of Plassey, the British defeated the nawab Siraj Ud Daulah and plundered the Bengali treasury. In 1764 their military control was reaffirmed at Buxar. The subsequent treaty gained them the diwani, that is, taxation rights; the Company thereby became the de facto ruler of Bengal.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Sid Meier's Colonization",
"paragraph_text": "Sid Meier's Colonization is a computer game by Brian Reynolds and Sid Meier released by MicroProse in 1994. It is a turn-based strategy game themed on the early European colonization of the New World, starting in 1492 and lasting until 1850. It was originally released for DOS, and later ported to Windows 3.1 (1995), the Amiga (1995), and Macintosh (1995). American video game publisher Tommo purchased the rights to this game in 2015 and digitally published it through their Retroism brand.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Saint Helena",
"paragraph_text": "In 1657, Oliver Cromwell granted the English East India Company a charter to govern Saint Helena and the following year the company decided to fortify the island and colonise it with planters. The first governor, Captain John Dutton, arrived in 1659, making Saint Helena one of Britain's oldest colonies outside North America and the Caribbean. A fort and houses were built. After the Restoration of the English monarchy in 1660, the East India Company received a royal charter giving it the sole right to fortify and colonise the island. The fort was renamed James Fort and the town Jamestown, in honour of the Duke of York, later James II of England.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Cyprus",
"paragraph_text": "Following the death in 1473 of James II, the last Lusignan king, the Republic of Venice assumed control of the island, while the late king's Venetian widow, Queen Catherine Cornaro, reigned as figurehead. Venice formally annexed the Kingdom of Cyprus in 1489, following the abdication of Catherine. The Venetians fortified Nicosia by building the Venetian Walls, and used it as an important commercial hub. Throughout Venetian rule, the Ottoman Empire frequently raided Cyprus. In 1539 the Ottomans destroyed Limassol and so fearing the worst, the Venetians also fortified Famagusta and Kyrenia.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "History of the Philippines",
"paragraph_text": "The first recorded visit by Europeans is the arrival of Ferdinand Magellan. He sighted Samar Island on March 16, 1521 and landed the next day on Homonhon Island, now part of Guiuan, Eastern Samar. Spanish colonization began with the arrival of Miguel López de Legazpi's expedition on February 13, 1565 from Mexico. He established the first permanent settlement in Cebu. Much of the archipelago came under Spanish rule, creating the first unified political structure known as the Philippines. Spanish colonial rule saw the introduction of Christianity, the code of law and the oldest modern university in Asia. The Philippines was ruled under the Mexico - based Viceroyalty of New Spain until Mexican independence. After which, the colony was directly governed by Spain.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Southampton",
"paragraph_text": "Viking raids from 840 onwards contributed to the decline of Hamwic in the 9th century, and by the 10th century a fortified settlement, which became medieval Southampton, had been established.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "History of Massachusetts",
"paragraph_text": "Massachusetts was first colonized by principally English Europeans in the early 17th century, and became the Commonwealth of Massachusetts in the 18th century. Prior to English colonization of the area, it was inhabited by a variety of mainly Algonquian language indigenous tribes. The first permanent English settlement in New England came in 1620 with the founding of Plymouth Colony by the Pilgrims who sailed on the Mayflower. It set precedents but never grew large. A large - scale Puritan migration began in 1630 with the establishment of the Massachusetts Bay Colony, and spawned the settlement of other New England colonies. Friction with the natives erupted in the high - casualty King Philip's War in the 1670s. Puritanism was the established religion and was strictly enforced; dissenters were exiled. The Colony clashed with Anglican opponents in England over its religious intolerance and the status of its charter. Most people were farmers. Businessmen established wide - ranging trade links, sending ships to the West Indies and Europe, and sometimes shipping goods in violation of the Navigation Acts. These political and trade issues led to the revocation of the Massachusetts charter in 1684.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Conquest of the Canary Islands",
"paragraph_text": "The conquest took place between 1402 and 1496. It was not an easy task, militarily, given the resistance of the Guanche aboriginals in some islands. Nor was it easy politically, given the conflicting interests of the nobility (bent on fortifying their economic and political power) and the state, particularly Castile, with an interest in reinforcing its own power in competition with the nobles.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Castle",
"paragraph_text": "Castles served a range of purposes, the most important of which were military, administrative, and domestic. As well as defensive structures, castles were also offensive tools which could be used as a base of operations in enemy territory. Castles were established by Norman invaders of England for both defensive purposes and to pacify the country's inhabitants. As William the Conqueror advanced through England, he fortified key positions to secure the land he had taken. Between 1066 and 1087, he established 36 castles such as Warwick Castle, which he used to guard against rebellion in the English Midlands.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "History of Liberia",
"paragraph_text": "Liberia is a country in West Africa which was founded, established, colonized, and controlled by citizens of the United States and ex-Caribbean slaves as a colony for former African American slaves and their free black descendants. It is one of only two sovereign countries in the world that were started by citizens and ex-Caribbean slaves of a political power as a colony for former slaves of the same political power, the other being Sierra Leone, established by Great Britain. In 1847, Liberia proclaimed its independence from the American Colonization Society (ACS).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "All Right Now",
"paragraph_text": "\"All Right Now\" is a single by the English rock band Free. The song, released in 1970, hit #2 on the UK singles chart and #4 on the US \"Billboard\" Hot 100 singles chart. \"All Right Now\" originally appeared on the album \"Fire and Water\", which Free recorded on the Island Records label, formed by Chris Blackwell. In 1991, the song was remixed and re-released, reaching #8 on the UK singles chart.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "French colonization of the Americas",
"paragraph_text": "The French colonization of the Americas began in the 16th century, and continued on into the following centuries as France established a colonial empire in the Western Hemisphere. France founded colonies in much of eastern North America, on a number of Caribbean islands, and in South America. Most colonies were developed to export products such as fish, rice sugar, and furs.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Roosevelt Island Bridge",
"paragraph_text": "The Roosevelt Island Bridge is a vertical lift bridge that connects Roosevelt Island in Manhattan to Astoria in Queens, crossing the East Channel of the East River. It is the sole route to the island for vehicular and foot traffic (without using public transportation).",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
When was the company that had the sole right to fortify and colonize the island established?
|
[
{
"id": 6078,
"question": "Who had the sole right to fortify and colonize the island?",
"answer": "East India Company",
"paragraph_support_idx": 9
},
{
"id": 79562,
"question": "when was the english #1 established",
"answer": "31 December 1600",
"paragraph_support_idx": 2
}
] |
31 December 1600
|
[] | true |
2hop__333874_121919
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Richard Mant",
"paragraph_text": "He was born at Southampton, where his father Richard Mant D.D. was headmaster of the King Edward VI School. He was educated at Winchester College and at Trinity College, Oxford which he entered in 1793. His maternal grandfather was the scholar Joseph Bingham. He was elected a Scholar of the College in 1794, graduated B.A. in 1797, and became a Fellow of Oriel College in 1798, a position he held to 1804.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Can I Get a Witness",
"paragraph_text": "\"Can I Get a Witness\" is a song composed by Brian Holland, Lamont Dozier and Eddie Holland and produced by Brian Holland and Lamont Dozier as a non-album single for American recording vocalist Marvin Gaye, who issued the record on Motown's Tamla imprint in September 1963.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Buddy Rice",
"paragraph_text": "Born in Phoenix, Arizona, Buddy Rice is the son of a former drag racer. Rice's grandfather was from Indianapolis and passed on his interest in racing to Rice's father. Rice saw his first race when he was six years old. He started racing in go-karts when he was 11. Rice played baseball in high school in Phoenix, Arizona, and attracted the attention of college and professional scouts. However, both Rice and his father decided he would pursue a career in racing instead.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Sieme Zijm",
"paragraph_text": "Sieme Zijm (born 25 January 1978 in Den Helder, North Holland) is a former Dutch footballer who last played for FC Emmen. His former clubs are Go Ahead Eagles, FC Zwolle, Sparta Rotterdam, Excelsior Rotterdam and FC Dordrecht.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Conference of the Birds (Dave Holland album)",
"paragraph_text": "Conference of the Birds is a studio album by the Dave Holland Quartet, recorded in 1972 and released in 1973. It is jazz bassist Holland's second collaboration with composer and saxophonist Anthony Braxton, as well as his second album on ECM Records. The liner notes describe how birds would congregate each morning outside Holland's London apartment and join with one another in song.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Cyril Holland",
"paragraph_text": "Cyril Holland (born Cyril Wilde, 5 June 1885 – 9 May 1915) was the older of the two sons of Oscar Wilde and Constance Lloyd and brother to Vyvyan Holland.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Philemon Holland",
"paragraph_text": "Philemon Holland was educated at King Edward VI Grammar School, Chelmsford, before going on to Trinity College, Cambridge about 1568, where he was tutored by John Whitgift, later Archbishop of Canterbury. Holland received a BA in 1571, and was elected a minor Fellow at Trinity on 28 September 1573 and a major Fellow on 3 April 1574. His fellowship was terminated when he married in 1579.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Montagu C. Butler Library",
"paragraph_text": "It is housed in purpose-built premises at the offices of the Esperanto Association of Britain which are now located at the Wedgwood Memorial College, Barlaston, Stoke-on-Trent, Staffordshire, having moved from Holland Park, London in April 2001 due to financial pressures.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Wilmot Vyvyan",
"paragraph_text": "Born into a noble family on 12 August 1861, Wilmot Vyvyan was educated at Charterhouse and Trinity College, Cambridge. Ordained in 1888, he was curate at the Charterhouse Mission, St Hugh’s, Southwark, becoming its priest in charge from 1892 until 1901, when he emigrated to South Africa. Here he was mission priest at Isandhlwana before elevation to the Episcopate as the fourth Bishop of Zululand in 1903, a post he was to hold for 26 years. He died on 26 August 1937.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Holland Junior/Senior High School",
"paragraph_text": "Holland Junior/Senior High School is a public high school located in the Town of Holland, Erie County, New York, U.S.A., and is the only high school operated by the Holland Central School District.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "John Wheelock",
"paragraph_text": "John Wheelock (January 28, 1754 – April 4, 1817) was the eldest son of Eleazar Wheelock who was the founder and first president of Dartmouth College; John Wheelock succeeded his father as the College’s second president.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "You Lost the Sweetest Boy",
"paragraph_text": "\"You Lost the Sweetest Boy\" is a song written by Holland–Dozier–Holland and released as a single by Motown star Mary Wells. The song is most noted for the background vocals by The Supremes and The Temptations.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Oscar Wilde",
"paragraph_text": "Oscar Wilde was born at 21 Westland Row, Dublin (now home of the Oscar Wilde Centre, Trinity College), the second of three children born to Sir William Wilde and Jane Wilde, two years behind William (\"Willie\"). Wilde's mother had distant Italian ancestry, and under the pseudonym \"\"Speranza\"\" (the Italian word for 'hope'), wrote poetry for the revolutionary Young Irelanders in 1848; she was a lifelong Irish nationalist. She read the Young Irelanders' poetry to Oscar and Willie, inculcating a love of these poets in her sons. Lady Wilde's interest in the neo-classical revival showed in the paintings and busts of ancient Greece and Rome in her home.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Holland (CDP), New York",
"paragraph_text": "Holland is a hamlet and census-designated place (CDP) in Erie County, New York, United States. The population was 1,206 at the 2010 census. It is in the town of Holland and is part of the Buffalo–Niagara Falls Metropolitan Statistical Area.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Al Holland",
"paragraph_text": "Holland finished seventh in the National League Rookie of the Year voting for 1980 but his best season was with the Philadelphia Phillies in when he won the Rolaids Relief Man of the Year Award and TSN Fireman of the Year Award while finishing in the top ten in voting for both the Cy Young Award and National League MVP. He then saved Game 1 of the 1983 National League Championship Series, and struck out three batters in two innings to finish Game 4, clinching the pennant for the Phillies. He also saved Game 1 of the 1983 World Series. In Game 3 of the World Series, Holland was pitching in the seventh inning when an error allowed the go-ahead run to score. Although Holland struck out four batters in the eighth and ninth innings, he and the Phillies lost in the last postseason game of his career. They then lost Games 4 and 5 as well to give the Baltimore Orioles the championship.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Emil Oskar Nobel",
"paragraph_text": "Emil Oskar Nobel (; ; also Oscar; 1843 – 3 September 1864) was a member of the Nobel family, the youngest son of Immanuel Nobel, and of his wife Caroline Andrietta Ahlsell. He was the brother of Robert Nobel, Ludvig Nobel and Alfred Nobel. He was the only one of the Nobel family to go to college, going to the Swedish University of Uppsala. Emil died on September 3, 1864, the victim of an explosion while experimenting with nitroglycerine in his father's factory in Heleneborg, Stockholm. His brother Alfred later managed to stabilize dynamite with a diatomaceous earth called kieselguhr. Alfred was not in the factory at the time of Emil’s death.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Charlie Greene (baseball)",
"paragraph_text": "Charlie attended Killian Senior High School in Miami, Florida, from 1986 to 1989. He was drafted in the 11th round by the Seattle Mariners as a senior, but decided to play for his father at Miami-Dade College. His father, Dr. Charles P. Greene, coached at Miami-Dade College from 1968 to 1996.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Going to America",
"paragraph_text": "\"Going to America\" is the series finale of the Channel 4 sitcom \"Father Ted\". It is the eighth episode of the third series, and the 25th episode overall. The show's star Dermot Morgan died the day after filming was completed.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Holland Theater",
"paragraph_text": "The Holland Theatre was a movie theater that operated in Bellefontaine, Ohio, United States. Like many historic theaters, the Holland ultimately went out of business after a newer, more technologically advanced cinema, was introduced to the town.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "How Sweet It Is (To Be Loved by You)",
"paragraph_text": "``How Sweet It Is (To Be Loved by You) ''is a 1964 song written by the Motown songwriting team of Holland -- Dozier -- Holland and first recorded by American soul singer Marvin Gaye.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
What college did the father of Vyvyan Holland go to?
|
[
{
"id": 333874,
"question": "Vyvyan Holland >> father",
"answer": "Oscar Wilde",
"paragraph_support_idx": 5
},
{
"id": 121919,
"question": "What college did #1 go to?",
"answer": "Trinity College",
"paragraph_support_idx": 12
}
] |
Trinity College
|
[] | true |
2hop__343349_121919
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Roger Drew",
"paragraph_text": "Roger Drew is a British illustrator and television screenwriter, and was educated at Victoria College, Jersey. He has written material for TV shows such as \"The Thick of It\" and won an Emmy for his work on Veep.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Oscar Wilde",
"paragraph_text": "Oscar Wilde was born at 21 Westland Row, Dublin (now home of the Oscar Wilde Centre, Trinity College), the second of three children born to Sir William Wilde and Jane Wilde, two years behind William (\"Willie\"). Wilde's mother had distant Italian ancestry, and under the pseudonym \"\"Speranza\"\" (the Italian word for 'hope'), wrote poetry for the revolutionary Young Irelanders in 1848; she was a lifelong Irish nationalist. She read the Young Irelanders' poetry to Oscar and Willie, inculcating a love of these poets in her sons. Lady Wilde's interest in the neo-classical revival showed in the paintings and busts of ancient Greece and Rome in her home.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Grace Frankland",
"paragraph_text": "She was the daughter (and youngest of nine children) of Harriet and Joseph Toynbee, a noted otologist. She was home schooled and spent one year at Bedford College, She married Percy Frankland in 1882, and with him developed an interest in the emerging science of bacteriology. She worked with both Percy and his father Edward Frankland and was described at the time as having \"worthily aided and seconded [Percy]\". She co-authored papers with her husband on bacteria and other microorganisms found in the air and water. Colleagues of her husband noted that although their situation as husband and wife working equally together was not unique, he was 'the first man who had the chivalry to admit it.'",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Véra Clouzot",
"paragraph_text": "Véra Gibson-Amado, known professionally as Véra Clouzot, (30 December 1913 – 15 December 1960) was a Brazilian-French film actress and screenwriter. She is known for playing Linda in \"The Wages of Fear\" (1953), Christina Delassalle in \"Les Diaboliques\" (1955), and Lucie in \"Les Espions\" (1957). Clouzot also co-wrote the screenplay for \"La Vérité\" (1960). Her husband, director Henri-Georges Clouzot, named his production company after her, \"Véra Films\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Idealism",
"paragraph_text": "Absolute idealism is G. W. F. Hegel's account of how existence is comprehensible as an all-inclusive whole. Hegel called his philosophy \"absolute\" idealism in contrast to the \"subjective idealism\" of Berkeley and the \"transcendental idealism\" of Kant and Fichte, which were not based on a critique of the finite and a dialectical philosophy of history as Hegel's idealism was. The exercise of reason and intellect enables the philosopher to know ultimate historical reality, the phenomenological constitution of self-determination, the dialectical development of self-awareness and personality in the realm of History.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Marine Military Academy",
"paragraph_text": "The Marine Military Academy is a private college preparatory academy located in Harlingen, Texas, offering a college preparatory curriculum for boys in grades 7–12 plus one year of post-graduate study. The school was founded in 1965. Its traditions and ideals are inspired by the United States Marine Corps, but the school is not affiliated with the United States Marine Corps except through its Junior ROTC program.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Idealism",
"paragraph_text": "Plato's theory of forms or \"ideas\" describes ideal forms (for example the platonic solids in geometry or abstracts like Goodness and Justice), as universals existing independently of any particular instance. Arne Grøn calls this doctrine \"the classic example of a metaphysical idealism as a transcendent idealism\", while Simone Klein calls Plato \"the earliest representative of metaphysical objective idealism\". Nevertheless, Plato holds that matter is real, though transitory and imperfect, and is perceived by our body and its senses and given existence by the eternal ideas that are perceived directly by our rational soul. Plato was therefore a metaphysical and epistemological dualist, an outlook that modern idealism has striven to avoid: Plato's thought cannot therefore be counted as idealist in the modern sense, although quantum physics' assertion that man's consciousness is an immutable and primary requisite for not merely perceiving but shaping matter, and thus his reality, would give more credence to Plato's dualist position.[citation needed]",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Bottled Passion",
"paragraph_text": "Bottled Passion is a Hong Kong television drama produced by Television Broadcasts Limited (TVB) under executive producer Lee Tim-shing. The drama premiered on Jade and HD Jade channels on 6 December 2011 and ended its run on 2 January 2012 with a total of 21 episodes. The Chinese title literally translates to \"My Ideal Cruel Husband\" (; Cantonese Yale: ngo5 dik1 yu4 yi3 long4 gwan1), with a wordplay on the words \"long4 gwan1\" (郎君), meaning \"husband\" or \"pimp\", and \"long4\" (狼), meaning \"cruel\" or \"cunning\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "The Highest Ideals",
"paragraph_text": "The Highest Ideals is a 1955 American student documentary film produced in Technicolor for the National Society of Pershing Rifles. Gerard Schaefer of the University of Nebraska Department of Photographic Production served as the producer and the film was written and directed by Anthony Gorsline. Technical advisers for the film were Colonel Chester Diestel, chairman of the Department of Military Science and Tactics, Lieutenant Colonel Ernst Liebmann, associate professor of the Department of Military Science and Tactics, and Pershing Rifles Major General Virgil Holtgrewe, National Commander of Pershing Rifles. The Highest Ideals was produced to outline the background and aims of Pershing Rifles, the oldest continuously operating US college organization dedicated to military drill founded at the University of Nebraska in 1894.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "An Ideal Husband (1999 film)",
"paragraph_text": "An Ideal Husband is a 1999 film based on the play \"An Ideal Husband\" by Oscar Wilde. The film stars Jeremy Northam, Rupert Everett, Julianne Moore, Minnie Driver and Cate Blanchett. It was directed by Oliver Parker.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Lianna",
"paragraph_text": "Lianna (Linda Griffiths) is the wife of a college professor teaching film and media at a university in a small to midsized town in New Jersey, and the mother of two children. In an attempt to give her husband more freedom, at his request, and cure her boredom in being a housewife, she takes a child psychology class with her friend Sandy.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Blue Bloods (season 8)",
"paragraph_text": "Erin pleads with Danny, who has been contemplating retirement since Linda's death in a rescue helicopter crash, to help her with a case involving her ex-husband, Jack (Peter Hermann); Jamie and Eddie go undercover as a couple to bust a shady drug dealer; new mayor Margaret Dutton (Lorraine Bracco) butts heads with Frank.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Bolero (1984 film)",
"paragraph_text": "Bolero is a 1984 American romantic drama film starring Bo Derek, and written and directed by her husband John Derek. The film centers on the protagonist's sexual awakening and her journey around the world to pursue an ideal first lover who will take her virginity.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Hallie Ephron",
"paragraph_text": "Hallie Ephron was born in Los Angeles, California, to parents Henry and Phoebe Ephron, both East Coast-born-and-raised screenwriters. She is the sister of Nora Ephron, Delia Ephron, and Amy Ephron. She graduated from Barnard College in 1969. She is married and has two daughters. Her family is Jewish.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Blue Bloods (season 8)",
"paragraph_text": "Erin pleads with Danny, who has been contemplating retirement since Linda's death in a rescue helicopter crash, to help her with a case involving her ex-husband, Jack (Peter Hermann) who's been attacked in his office. Jamie and Eddie go undercover as a couple to bust a shady drug dealer; new mayor Margaret Dutton (Lorraine Bracco) butts heads with Frank.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "George Kaftan",
"paragraph_text": "George grew up in New York City and went to Xavier High School in Manhattan before going to Holy Cross for college. Though just 6'3\", Kaftan was the starting center for the College of the Holy Cross team that won the 1947 NCAA Basketball Tournament. In 1947 Kaftan also won Most Outstanding Player honors after averaging 21 points per game in three games.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Krull's principal ideal theorem",
"paragraph_text": "In commutative algebra, Krull's principal ideal theorem, named after Wolfgang Krull (1899–1971), gives a bound on the height of a principal ideal in a commutative Noetherian ring. The theorem is sometimes referred to by its German name, \"Krulls Hauptidealsatz\" (\"Satz\" meaning \"proposition\" or \"theorem\").",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Idealism",
"paragraph_text": "Beginning with Immanuel Kant, German idealists such as G. W. F. Hegel, Johann Gottlieb Fichte, Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph Schelling, and Arthur Schopenhauer dominated 19th-century philosophy. This tradition, which emphasized the mental or \"ideal\" character of all phenomena, gave birth to idealistic and subjectivist schools ranging from British idealism to phenomenalism to existentialism. The historical influence of this branch of idealism remains central even to the schools that rejected its metaphysical assumptions, such as Marxism, pragmatism and positivism.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "The Great Outdoors (film)",
"paragraph_text": "Chicagoan Chester ``Chet ''Ripley, his wife, Connie, and their two sons, Buckley`` Buck'' and Ben, are on vacation at a lake resort in Pechoggin, Wisconsin during the summer. All is going as planned until Connie's sister, Kate, Kate's investment broker husband, Roman Craig, and their twin daughters, Mara and Cara, crash the vacation.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Girlfriends' Guide to Divorce",
"paragraph_text": "Alanna Ubach as Jo Hernandez - Frumpkis, Abby's best friend from college who comes to live with her in LA. She is recently separated from her husband after finding out he had a second family. (episode 8 -- present)",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
What college did the screenwriter of An Ideal Husband go to?
|
[
{
"id": 343349,
"question": "An Ideal Husband >> screenwriter",
"answer": "Oscar Wilde",
"paragraph_support_idx": 9
},
{
"id": 121919,
"question": "What college did #1 go to?",
"answer": "Trinity College",
"paragraph_support_idx": 1
}
] |
Trinity College
|
[] | true |
2hop__678848_78772
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Bollywood",
"paragraph_text": "In 1937, Ardeshir Irani, of Alam Ara fame, made the first colour film in Hindi, Kisan Kanya. The next year, he made another colour film, a version of Mother India. However, colour did not become a popular feature until the late 1950s. At this time, lavish romantic musicals and melodramas were the staple fare at the cinema.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Being Human Foundation",
"paragraph_text": "Founded 2007 Founder Salman Khan Type Education and healthcare for underprivileged Focus Underprivileged children Location Mumbai Area served India Products Clothing and watches Services Education, employment and medical treatment Method Direct training, funding medical treatment, supplies for the differently - abled Owner Salman Khan Website www.beinghumanonline.com",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "John Staples Harriott",
"paragraph_text": "John Staples Harriott (1780–1839) was a British army officer stationed in India, in the service of the East India Company. He came to acquire the \"Jami' al-tawarikh\" in its original manuscript. In his studies of the Roma people, he made an identification with a legend of Bahram Gur and the Luri to support a Romani presence in Sasanid Persia, now considered to be an unjustified and uncritical deduction that has persisted.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Institute of Microbial Technology",
"paragraph_text": "The Institute of Microbial Technology (IMTECH), based in Chandigarh, India, is one of the constituent establishments of the Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (CSIR). It was established in 1984.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Staples Pond",
"paragraph_text": "Staples Pond is located in the town of Temple, Maine, in the United States. Some locals prefer to call it \"Santa Claus Lake\", because of its appearance from the air. Water from Staples Pond flows via Temple Stream to the Sandy River in Farmington, and thence to the Kennebec River.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Canadian Human Rights Commission",
"paragraph_text": "The Canadian Human Rights Commission (CHRC) was established in 1977 by the government of Canada. It is empowered under the \"Canadian Human Rights Act\" to investigate and try to settle complaints of discrimination in employment and in the provision of services within federal jurisdiction. The CHRC is also empowered under the \"Employment Equity Act\" to ensure that federally regulated employers provide equal opportunities for four designated groups: women, Aboriginal people, the disabled and visible minorities. The CHRC helps enforce these human rights and inform the general public and employers of these rights.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "State Bank of Bikaner & Jaipur",
"paragraph_text": "State Bank of Bikaner & Jaipur came into existence on 1963 when two banks, namely, State Bank of Bikaner (established in 1944) and State Bank of Jaipur (established in 1943), were merged. Both these banks were subsidiaries of the State Bank of India under the State Bank of India (Subsidiary Bank) Act, 1959.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Minister of Railways (India)",
"paragraph_text": "The Minister of Railways is the head of the Ministry of Railways of the Government of India. The railway minister is usually accorded a cabinet rank, and is responsible for Indian Railways, the largest employer in the world. An important responsibility of the railway minister is to present in Parliament the Railway Budget, the Annual Financial Statement of Indian Railways. Piyush Goyal of the Bharatiya Janata Party is the current Minister of Railways, serving since 3 September 2017. Railways Minister (India)",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Abstract (album)",
"paragraph_text": "Abstract is the third album by Jamaican saxophonist Joe Harriott recorded in England in 1961 and 1962 and released on the Capitol label.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Adult contemporary music",
"paragraph_text": "Mainstream AC itself has evolved in a similar fashion over the years; traditional AC artists like Barbra Streisand, the Carpenters, Dionne Warwick, Barry Manilow, John Denver, and Olivia Newton-John found it harder to have major Top 40 hits as the 1980s wore on, and due to the influence of MTV, artists who were staples of the Contemporary Hit Radio format, such as Richard Marx, Michael Jackson, Bonnie Tyler, George Michael, Phil Collins, and Laura Branigan began crossing over to the AC charts with greater frequency. Collins has been described by AllMusic as \"one of the most successful pop and adult contemporary singers of the '80s and beyond\". However, with the combination of MTV and AC radio, adult contemporary appeared harder to define as a genre, with established soft-rock artists of the past still charting pop hits and receiving airplay alongside mainstream radio fare from newer artists at the time.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "East India Company",
"paragraph_text": "The company received a Royal Charter from Queen Elizabeth I on 31 December 1600, making it the oldest among several similarly formed European East India Companies. Wealthy merchants and aristocrats owned the company's shares. Initially the government owned no shares and had only indirect control.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Armed Forces' Pay Review Body",
"paragraph_text": "The Armed Forces' Pay Review Body is a United Kingdom non-departmental public body (and a Review Body) established to review and recommend the pay and terms and conditions of employment of the British armed forces. It is funded by the Ministry of Defence, and the Office of Manpower Economics provides the Review Body with an independent Secretariat.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Minister of Railways (India)",
"paragraph_text": "The Minister of Railways is the head of the Ministry of Railways of the Government of India. The railway minister is usually accorded a cabinet rank, and is responsible for Indian Railways, one of the largest employers in the world. An important responsibility of the railway minister is to present in Parliament the Railway Budget, the Annual Financial Statement of Indian Railways. Piyush Goyal of the Bharatiya Janata Party is the current Minister of Railways, serving since 3 September 2017. Railways Minister (India)",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Dehradun Cantonment",
"paragraph_text": "Dehradun Cantonment is a cantonment town in Dehradun district in the state of Uttarakhand, India. It was established in 1913.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Pat Smythe (pianist)",
"paragraph_text": "Patrick Mungo Smythe (May 1923 – 1983) was a Scottish jazz pianist who rose to prominence as a member of the Joe Harriott Quintet during the 1960s.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Congregation of Christian Brothers",
"paragraph_text": "Similarly, a mission to Sydney, Australia in 1842 failed within a couple of years. Brother Ambrose Treacy established a presence in Melbourne, Australia in 1868, in 1875 in Brisbane, Australia and in 1876 a school was commenced in Dunedin, New Zealand. In 1875 a school was opened in St. John's, Newfoundland. In 1886 the Pope requested that they consider setting up in India, and a province of the congregation was established there.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "WorkCover Authority of New South Wales",
"paragraph_text": "The WorkCover Authority of New South Wales or WorkCover NSW is a New South Wales Government agency established in 1989. The agency creates regulations to promote productive, healthy and safe workplaces for workers and employers in New South Wales. The agency formed part of the Safety, Return to Work and Support Division established pursuant to the Safety, Return to Work and Support Board Act, 2012 (NSW).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Ready Steady Cook",
"paragraph_text": "Ready Steady Cook is a BBC daytime TV cooking game show. It debuted on 24 October 1994 and the last edition was broadcast on 2 February 2010. The programme was hosted by Fern Britton from 1994 until 2000 when celebrity chef Ainsley Harriott became the new host. In August 2000, when Harriott took over, the duration of the programme was extended from 30 to 45 minutes.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Affirmative action in the United States",
"paragraph_text": "In the 1960 presidential election, Democratic candidate and future President John F. Kennedy \"criticized President Eisenhower for not ending discrimination in federally supported housing\" and \"advocated a permanent Fair Employment Practices Commission\".:59 Shortly after taking office, Kennedy issued Executive Order 10925 in March 1961, requiring government contractors to \"consider and recommend additional affirmative steps which should be taken by executive departments and agencies to realize more fully the national policy of nondiscrimination…. The contractor will take affirmative action to ensure that applicants are employed, and that employees are treated during employment, without regard to their race, creed, color, or national origin\".:60 The order also established the President's Committee on Equal Employment Opportunity (PCEEO), chaired by Vice President Lyndon B. Johnson. Federal contractors who failed to comply or violated the executive order were punished by contract cancellation and the possible debarment from future government contracts. The administration was \"not demanding any special preference or treatment or quotas for minorities\" but was rather \"advocating racially neutral hiring to end job discrimination\".:61 Turning to issues of women's rights, Kennedy initiated a Commission on the Status of Women in December 1961. The commission was charged with \"examining employment policies and practices of the government and of contractors\" with regard to sex.:66",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Mumbai",
"paragraph_text": "Mumbai is India's largest city (by population) and is the financial and commercial capital of the country as it generates 6.16% of the total GDP. It serves as an economic hub of India, contributing 10% of factory employment, 25% of industrial output, 33% of income tax collections, 60% of customs duty collections, 20% of central excise tax collections, 40% of India's foreign trade and ₹4,000 crore (US $610 million) in corporate taxes. Along with the rest of India, Mumbai has witnessed an economic boom since the liberalisation of 1991, the finance boom in the mid-nineties and the IT, export, services and outsourcing boom in the 2000s. Although Mumbai had prominently figured as the hub of economic activity of India in the 1990s, the Mumbai Metropolitan Region is presently witnessing a reduction in its contribution to India's GDP.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
When was John Staples Harriott's employer established in India?
|
[
{
"id": 678848,
"question": "John Staples Harriott >> employer",
"answer": "East India Company",
"paragraph_support_idx": 2
},
{
"id": 78772,
"question": "when was #1 established in india",
"answer": "31 December 1600",
"paragraph_support_idx": 10
}
] |
31 December 1600
|
[] | true |
2hop__689668_121919
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "The Grim Adventures of Billy & Mandy",
"paragraph_text": "The series is centered around the exploits of Billy (voiced by Richard Steven Horvitz), a completely idiotic and happy - go - lucky boy; Mandy (Grey DeLisle), a cynical and merciless girl, and Grim (Greg Eagles), the Grim Reaper who is often tormented by the duo. After cheating at a limbo match against Grim (in retaliation for putting the limbo rod too low for them to go under), he is enslaved in a permanently unwanted friendship with the children. Grim is miserable in the first days of his servitude, and even fantasizes about killing them multiple times. However, as the time passes, he gradually adapts to the new life, and even grows to care for Billy and Mandy, if only somewhat. Despite this, he retains a love - hate relationship with the two and desires to eventually break free from his servitude.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Hallie Ephron",
"paragraph_text": "Hallie Ephron was born in Los Angeles, California, to parents Henry and Phoebe Ephron, both East Coast-born-and-raised screenwriters. She is the sister of Nora Ephron, Delia Ephron, and Amy Ephron. She graduated from Barnard College in 1969. She is married and has two daughters. Her family is Jewish.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Wu Ha",
"paragraph_text": "Wu Ha is Taiwanese Mandopop artist Will Pan's () third Mandarin studio album. It was released by Universal Music Taiwan on 3 September 2004. This album features a duet, \"快樂崇拜\" (Adoration to Happiness) with Taiwanese popstress Angela Chang, which was also released in her second album \"Aurora\". The music and lyrics for \"我讓你走了\" (Letting You Go) were written by Taiwanese singer-songwriter Tank.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Manmani",
"paragraph_text": "Manmani (Happy-Go-Lucky) is a 1947 Hindi social film directed by Sarvottam Badami and produced by Ajit Pictures. It had music composed by Kamal Dasgupta. This was the last film of actress Ragini in pre-partition India before she shifted to Pakistan. The film starred P. Jairaj, Ragini, Sabita Devi, E. Billimoria, Nazir Hussain, Maruti, Amar and Shrinath.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Rocks Your Lame Ass",
"paragraph_text": "...Rocks Your Lame Ass is the second studio album by the American rock band Hagfish, released in June 1995 on London Records. The album was recorded and produced by Bill Stevenson and Stephen Egerton at The Blasting Room in Fort Collins, Colorado in 1994. Backed by the singles \"Stamp\" and \"Happiness\", which also included music videos that were featured on MTV's \"120 Minutes\", \"Rocks Your Lame Ass\" would go on to become the group's most successful effort. The album rights were later acquired by UMG when they purchased London Records.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "The Grim Adventures of Billy & Mandy",
"paragraph_text": "The series is centered around the exploits of Billy (voiced by Richard Steven Horvitz), a dimwitted and happy - go - lucky boy; Mandy (Grey DeLisle), a cynical and merciless girl, and Grim (Greg Eagles), the Grim Reaper who is often tormented by the duo. After cheating at a limbo match against Grim (in retaliation for putting the limbo rod too low for them to go under), he is enslaved in a permanently unwanted friendship with the children. Grim is miserable in the first days of his servitude, and even fantasizes about killing them multiple times. However, as the time passes, he gradually adapts to the new life, and even grows to care for Billy and Mandy, if only somewhat. Despite this, he retains a love - hate relationship with the two and desires to eventually break free from his servitude.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Happy Go Lucky (Veronica Mars)",
"paragraph_text": "\"Happy Go Lucky\" is the twenty-first and penultimate episode of the second season of the American mystery television series \"Veronica Mars\", and the forty-third episode overall. Written by Diane Ruggiero and directed by Steve Gomer, the episode premiered on UPN on May 2, 2006.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "George Kaftan",
"paragraph_text": "George grew up in New York City and went to Xavier High School in Manhattan before going to Holy Cross for college. Though just 6'3\", Kaftan was the starting center for the College of the Holy Cross team that won the 1947 NCAA Basketball Tournament. In 1947 Kaftan also won Most Outstanding Player honors after averaging 21 points per game in three games.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Karen Gillan",
"paragraph_text": "Karen Sheila Gillan (born 28 November 1987) is a Scottish actress, director, and screenwriter. She is known for the role of Amy Pond, companion to the Eleventh Doctor, in the BBC science fiction series Doctor Who (2010 -- 13). In film, she has starred as Jane Lockhart in Not Another Happy Ending (2013), Kaylie Russell in the horror film Oculus (2013), and Nebula in the Marvel film Guardians of the Galaxy (2014) and its sequel Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 2 (2017). She took part in the upcoming films Jumanji: Welcome to the Jungle (2017), Avengers: Infinity War (2018) and its untitled sequel (2019). In 2017, she wrote and directed her first feature film, The Party's Just Beginning.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Happy Feller",
"paragraph_text": "James Patrick \"Happy\" Feller (born June 13, 1949) is a former American football kicker in the National Football League. He was drafted by the Philadelphia Eagles in the fourth round of the 1971 NFL Draft and played for one season for the team. He played for two seasons with the New Orleans Saints. He played college football at Texas.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Julio Porter",
"paragraph_text": "Julio Porter (July 14, 1916 in Buenos Aires – October 24, 1979 in Mexico City) was an Argentine screenwriter and film director known as one of the most prolific screenwriters and film directors in the history of the Cinema of Argentina.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Roger Drew",
"paragraph_text": "Roger Drew is a British illustrator and television screenwriter, and was educated at Victoria College, Jersey. He has written material for TV shows such as \"The Thick of It\" and won an Emmy for his work on Veep.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Man's Search for Happiness",
"paragraph_text": "Man's Search for Happiness is a 13-minute film produced by The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church). It explains the role of the Plan of Salvation in LDS theology, with questions like \"Who am I?\", \"Where did I come from?\", and \"Where am I going?\" being explored from an LDS perspective.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "The Happy Prince (1974 film)",
"paragraph_text": "The Happy Prince is an animated short film adaptation of the short story by Oscar Wilde. The film was produced in 1974 by the Canadian-based Potterton Productions as a follow-up to its 1971 film \"The Selfish Giant\".",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Oscar Wilde",
"paragraph_text": "Oscar Wilde was born at 21 Westland Row, Dublin (now home of the Oscar Wilde Centre, Trinity College), the second of three children born to Sir William Wilde and Jane Wilde, two years behind William (\"Willie\"). Wilde's mother had distant Italian ancestry, and under the pseudonym \"\"Speranza\"\" (the Italian word for 'hope'), wrote poetry for the revolutionary Young Irelanders in 1848; she was a lifelong Irish nationalist. She read the Young Irelanders' poetry to Oscar and Willie, inculcating a love of these poets in her sons. Lady Wilde's interest in the neo-classical revival showed in the paintings and busts of ancient Greece and Rome in her home.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "It's Spring Training, Charlie Brown",
"paragraph_text": "It's Spring Training, Charlie Brown is the 35th prime-time animated TV special based upon the comic strip \"Peanuts,\" by Charles M. Schulz. It was produced in 1992 but unlike previous specials, it was not shown on CBS, and remained unseen until Paramount released it on video in 1996 alongside 1966's \"Charlie Brown's All-Stars\". The special was released by Warner Home Video on October 9, 2012, on the DVD \"Happiness is ... Peanuts: Go Snoopy Go!\"",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Atlantic Veterinary College",
"paragraph_text": "The Atlantic Veterinary College (AVC) is an accredited and globally recognized veterinary school at University of Prince Edward Island, located in Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, Canada.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Happy Days (TV theme)",
"paragraph_text": "``Happy Days ''Single by Pratt & McClain from the album Pratt & McClain Featuring Happy Days Released 1976 Format Vinyl, 7``, Single Recorded 1976 Genre Rock, Stage & Screen Length 2: 40 Label Reprise Records Songwriter (s) Charles Fox, Norman Gimbel Producer (s) Steve Barri, Michael Omartian Pratt & McClain singles chronology ``String Module Error: Match not found'' (1976)`` Happy Days ''(1976) ``Devil with a Blue Dress On'' (1976)`` Whachersign ''(1976) ``Happy Days'' (1976)`` Devil with a Blue Dress On ''(1976)",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Ali Baba Bunny",
"paragraph_text": "Ali Baba Bunny is a Warner Bros. Merrie Melodies short featuring Bugs Bunny and Daffy Duck, directed by Chuck Jones and released in 1957. In 1994, it was voted #35 of the 50 Greatest Cartoons of all time by members of the animation field. Several lines spoken by Daffy—among them \"Down down down! Go go go! It's mine mine mine!\", \"I can't help it, I'm a greedy slob—it's my hobby.\" and \"I'm rich—I'm a happy miser!\"—have become popular catchphrases amongst fans and students of Chuck Jones' style of animation and fans of Daffy Duck as well; the line \"Hassan chop!\" has also become a favorite quote.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Thomas Fielder Bowie",
"paragraph_text": "Born in Queen Anne, in Prince George's County, Maryland, Bowie attended Charlotte Hall Military Academy in St. Mary's County, Maryland and Princeton College. In 1826, Bowie was elected to the New York Alpha of Phi Beta Kappa. He graduated from Union College in Schenectady, New York in 1827. While at Union College, Bowie helped found the Sigma Phi fraternity on March 4, 1827. He studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1829, and commenced practice in Upper Marlboro, Maryland.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
What college did the screenwriter of The Happy Prince attend?
|
[
{
"id": 689668,
"question": "The Happy Prince >> screenwriter",
"answer": "Oscar Wilde",
"paragraph_support_idx": 13
},
{
"id": 121919,
"question": "What college did #1 go to?",
"answer": "Trinity College",
"paragraph_support_idx": 14
}
] |
Trinity College
|
[] | true |
2hop__665127_79562
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Traci Abbott",
"paragraph_text": "Traci Abbott is a fictional character from the American CBS soap opera, The Young and the Restless. Created and introduced by William J. Bell, the role has been portrayed by Beth Maitland since 1982. Traci is the youngest daughter of John Abbott and Dina Mergeron.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "We Are Knuckle Dragger",
"paragraph_text": "We Are Knuckle Dragger are an English/ Northern Irish rock band from Newcastle formed in 2008. The band consists of vocalist/guitarist Aran Glover, bassist Pete Currie and drummer Shaun Abbott. Their debut album \"Tit for Tat\" was released in 2012 via Sapien Records and was recorded by Steve Albini. The band's second album \"The Drone\" was released in 2013, produced by Ross Robinson.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Jam & Jerusalem",
"paragraph_text": "Jam & Jerusalem is a British sitcom that aired on BBC One from 2006 to 2009. Written by Jennifer Saunders and Abigail Wilson, it starred Sue Johnston, Jennifer Saunders, Pauline McLynn, Dawn French, Maggie Steed, David Mitchell, and Sally Phillips. Earlier episodes also starred Joanna Lumley and Doreen Mantle. On BBC America the first series was aired as Clatterford.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "East India Company",
"paragraph_text": "The company received a Royal Charter from Queen Elizabeth I on 31 December 1600, coming relatively late to trade in the Indies. Before them the Portuguese Estado da Índia had traded there for much of the 16th century and the first of half a dozen Dutch Companies sailed to trade there from 1595, which amalgamated in March 1602 into the United East Indies Company (VOC), which introduced the first permanent joint stock from 1612 (meaning investment into shares did not need to be returned, but could be traded on a stock exchange). Wealthy merchants and aristocrats owned the EIC's shares. Initially the government owned no shares and had only indirect control until 1657 when permanent joint stock was established.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Mike Hinton",
"paragraph_text": "Michael David Hinton (May 4, 1956 – August 1, 2013) was an American guitarist, residing in the San Francisco Bay Area. During his career, he played with numerous bands, including Norton Buffalo and the Knockouts, High Noon, Merl Saunders & the Rainforest Band, to name a few. He appeared on several albums with the Rainforest Band and other Merl Saunders projects, including \"It's In The Air\", \"Fiesta Amazonica\", \"Still Having Fun\", \"Merl Saunders With His Funky Friends - Live\", and \"Still Groovin' \".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Universal Pictures",
"paragraph_text": "Universal could seldom afford its own stable of stars, and often borrowed talent from other studios, or hired freelance actors. In addition to Stewart and Dietrich, Margaret Sullavan, and Bing Crosby were two of the major names that made a couple of pictures for Universal during this period. Some stars came from radio, including Edgar Bergen, W. C. Fields, and the comedy team of Abbott and Costello (Bud Abbott and Lou Costello). Abbott and Costello's military comedy Buck Privates (1941) gave the former burlesque comedians a national and international profile.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "William Alfred",
"paragraph_text": "William Alfred (August 16, 1922 – May 20, 1999) was a playwright and Professor of English literature at Harvard University. He was born in Brooklyn, New York, and served in the Army tank corps and quartermaster's corps in World War II. He received a B.A. from Brooklyn College in 1948, and received an M.A. in English from Harvard in 1949. He earned his Ph.D. at Harvard in 1954. He began teaching at Harvard that same year and was appointed full professor in 1963, and in 1980 named Abbott Lawrence Lowell Professor of the Humanities. He retired in 1991.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Armed Forces' Pay Review Body",
"paragraph_text": "The Armed Forces' Pay Review Body is a United Kingdom non-departmental public body (and a Review Body) established to review and recommend the pay and terms and conditions of employment of the British armed forces. It is funded by the Ministry of Defence, and the Office of Manpower Economics provides the Review Body with an independent Secretariat.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Princess Luise of Anhalt-Bernburg",
"paragraph_text": "As the daughter of Alexius Frederick Christian, Duke of Anhalt-Bernburg and his wife Marie Friederike of Hesse-Kassel, she was a Princess of Anhalt-Bernburg and member of the House of Ascania. By her 21 November 1817 marriage to Prince Frederick of Prussia she was a princess of Prussia.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "2014 Texas gubernatorial election",
"paragraph_text": "The election took place between nominees who were selected on March 4, 2014: Republican State Attorney General Greg Abbott and Democratic State Senator Wendy Davis. Also on the ballot were Libertarian Party candidate Kathie Glass and Green Party candidate Brandon Parmer. Abbott was projected to carry the election, and ultimately won handily with a 20 percentage point advantage. Exit polls showed Abbott winning Whites (72% to 25%), while Davis received majorities among African Americans (92% to 7%) and Hispanics (55% to 44%).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "WorkCover Authority of New South Wales",
"paragraph_text": "The WorkCover Authority of New South Wales or WorkCover NSW is a New South Wales Government agency established in 1989. The agency creates regulations to promote productive, healthy and safe workplaces for workers and employers in New South Wales. The agency formed part of the Safety, Return to Work and Support Division established pursuant to the Safety, Return to Work and Support Board Act, 2012 (NSW).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Canadian Human Rights Commission",
"paragraph_text": "The Canadian Human Rights Commission (CHRC) was established in 1977 by the government of Canada. It is empowered under the \"Canadian Human Rights Act\" to investigate and try to settle complaints of discrimination in employment and in the provision of services within federal jurisdiction. The CHRC is also empowered under the \"Employment Equity Act\" to ensure that federally regulated employers provide equal opportunities for four designated groups: women, Aboriginal people, the disabled and visible minorities. The CHRC helps enforce these human rights and inform the general public and employers of these rights.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Saunders Alexius Abbott",
"paragraph_text": "Major-General Saunders Alexius Abbott (9 July 1811 – 7 February 1894) was an army officer in the British East India Company.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Shake You Down",
"paragraph_text": "``Shake You Down ''is a song by American R&B artist, writer and producer Gregory Abbott. It was released in September 1986 as the lead single from his debut album. It became Abbott's biggest hit and was certified platinum by the RIAA. Abbott went on the chart with several other songs as well. The track is also featured in the 2007 film Are We Done Yet?",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Billy Abbott",
"paragraph_text": "Billy Abbott is a fictional character from The Young and the Restless, an American soap opera on the CBS network. Created by William J. Bell as the son of John Abbott (Jerry Douglas) and Jill Abbott (Jess Walton), the character is currently portrayed by Jason Thompson. He was born onscreen during the episode airing on July 7, 1993. For the character's first six - year period, he appeared as a minor, portrayed by various child actors. In 1999, David Tom began portraying Billy as a teenager. Tom was acclaimed for his portrayal, winning a Daytime Emmy Award in 2000.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Saunders, West Virginia",
"paragraph_text": "Saunders (also known as Right Fork, Three Fork and Three Forks) is an unincorporated community in Logan County, West Virginia, United States. Saunders is located on County Highway 16 near Buffalo Creek, east-northeast of Man.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Brad Carlton",
"paragraph_text": "Brad Carlton is a fictional character from the CBS soap opera The Young and the Restless, portrayed by Don Diamont. The character became a mainstay on the series for over ten years. He was known for his relationships with Traci Abbott, Ashley Abbott and Victoria Newman, as well as his business rivalries with Jack Abbott and Victor Newman. In 2009, the character drowned in a frozen lake.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "List of The Young and the Restless characters (2012)",
"paragraph_text": "Johnny Abbott The Young and the Restless character Portrayed by Holden and Ryan Hare Duration 2012 -- First appearance April 9, 2012 Created by Maria Arena Bell Hogan Sheffer Scott Hamner Profile Other names John Abbott IV Residence Genoa City, Wisconsin (show) Family Family Abbott, Newman Father Billy Abbott Mother Chelsea Lawson Adoptive mother Victoria Newman Half - brothers Connor Newman Reed Hellstrom (adoptive) Half - sisters Eve Nicole Howard (adoptive) Delia Abbott Katie Newman Grandfathers John Abbott Jeffrey Bardwell Victor Newman (adoptive) Grandmothers Jill Abbott Anita Lawson Nikki Newman (adoptive) Uncles Jack Abbott Phillip Chancellor III Nicholas Newman (adoptive) Dylan McAvoy (adoptive) John Abbott III (adoptive) Adam Newman (adoptive) Aunts Traci Abbott Connelly Abby Newman (adoptive) First cousins Keemo Volien Abbott Kyle Abbott Chance Chancellor Colleen Carlton Noah Newman (adoptive) Connor Newman (adoptive) Cassie Newman (adoptive) Summer Newman (adoptive) Faith Newman (adoptive) Christian Newman (adoptive)",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Eric Stryker",
"paragraph_text": "Michael Skrzypcak (September 24, 1954 – February 19, 1988) best known by his stage name Eric Stryker, was an American gay pornographic performer and model. He was known for his handsome blond features and his muscular physique. He also performed as Noel Kemp for Colt Studio, Mike Kelly, Mike Saunders and, Michael John Saunders.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "András Kállay-Saunders",
"paragraph_text": "András Kállay-Saunders was born in New York City, United States to Hungarian model Katalin Kállay and American soul-singer and producer Fernando Saunders. He is a descendant of the noble Kállay family from his maternal side.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
When was the establishment of the English company that employed Saunders Alexius Abbott?
|
[
{
"id": 665127,
"question": "Saunders Alexius Abbott >> employer",
"answer": "East India Company",
"paragraph_support_idx": 12
},
{
"id": 79562,
"question": "when was the english #1 established",
"answer": "31 December 1600",
"paragraph_support_idx": 3
}
] |
31 December 1600
|
[] | true |
2hop__33494_78772
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "History of India",
"paragraph_text": "From the late 18th century to the mid-19th century, large areas of India were annexed by the British East India Company of British Empire. Dissatisfaction with Company rule led to the Indian Rebellion of 1857, after which the British provinces of India were directly administered by the British Crown and witnessed a period of both rapid development of infrastructure and economic stagnation. During the first half of the 20th century, a nationwide struggle for independence was launched with the leading party involved being the Indian National Congress which was later joined by other organizations. The subcontinent gained independence from the United Kingdom in 1947, after the British provinces were partitioned into the dominions of India and Pakistan and the princely states all acceded to one of the new states.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Hyderabad",
"paragraph_text": "Heritage buildings constructed during the Qutb Shahi and Nizam eras showcase Indo-Islamic architecture influenced by Medieval, Mughal and European styles. After the 1908 flooding of the Musi River, the city was expanded and civic monuments constructed, particularly during the rule of Mir Osman Ali Khan (the VIIth Nizam), whose patronage of architecture led to him being referred to as the maker of modern Hyderabad. In 2012, the government of India declared Hyderabad the first \"Best heritage city of India\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Early modern Europe",
"paragraph_text": "Early modern Europe is the period of European history between the end of the Middle Ages and the beginning of the Industrial Revolution, roughly the late 15th century to the late 18th century. Historians variously mark the beginning of the early modern period with the invention of moveable type printing in the 1450s, the Fall of Constantinople in 1453, the end of the Wars of the Roses in 1487, the beginning of the High Renaissance in Italy in the 1490s, the end of the Reconquista and subsequent voyages of Christopher Columbus to the Americas in 1492, or the start of the Protestant Reformation in 1517. The precise dates of its end point also vary and are usually linked with either the start of the French Revolution in 1789 or with the more vaguely defined beginning of the Industrial Revolution in late 18th century England.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Moosarambagh",
"paragraph_text": "Moosrambagh also Moosa Ram Bagh is an old suburb of Hyderabad, Telangana, India. It is named after the French military commander Monsieur Raymond who served the Nizams during the 18th century. His tomb Raymond's Tomb is located near Asman Garh Palace. The locality of \"Moosa-Ram-Bagh\" is named after him. Wherein, Bagh refers to \"a Garden\" as the area was once covered by huge greenery.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Fort Cornwallis",
"paragraph_text": "Fort Cornwallis is a bastion fort in George Town, Penang, Malaysia, built by the British East India Company in the late 18th century. Fort Cornwallis is the largest standing fort in Malaysia. The fort never engaged in combat during its operational history.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Alps",
"paragraph_text": "During the Napoleonic Wars in the late 18th century and early 19th century, Napoleon annexed territory formerly controlled by the Habsburgs and Savoys. In 1798 he established the Helvetic Republic in Switzerland; two years later he led an army across the St. Bernard pass and conquered almost all of the Alpine regions.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "John Rider House",
"paragraph_text": "The John Rider House is located on Main Street (CT 53) in Danbury, Connecticut, United States. It is a wooden frame house dating to the late 18th century.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "British Empire",
"paragraph_text": "During the late 18th and early 19th centuries the British Crown began to assume an increasingly large role in the affairs of the Company. A series of Acts of Parliament were passed, including the Regulating Act of 1773, Pitt's India Act of 1784 and the Charter Act of 1813 which regulated the Company's affairs and established the sovereignty of the Crown over the territories that it had acquired. The Company's eventual end was precipitated by the Indian Rebellion, a conflict that had begun with the mutiny of sepoys, Indian troops under British officers and discipline. The rebellion took six months to suppress, with heavy loss of life on both sides. The following year the British government dissolved the Company and assumed direct control over India through the Government of India Act 1858, establishing the British Raj, where an appointed governor-general administered India and Queen Victoria was crowned the Empress of India. India became the empire's most valuable possession, \"the Jewel in the Crown\", and was the most important source of Britain's strength.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Hyderabad",
"paragraph_text": "In 1769 Hyderabad city became the formal capital of the Nizams. In response to regular threats from Hyder Ali (Dalwai of Mysore), Baji Rao I (Peshwa of the Maratha Empire), and Basalath Jung (Asif Jah II's elder brother, who was supported by the Marquis de Bussy-Castelnau), the Nizam signed a subsidiary alliance with the East India Company in 1798, allowing the British Indian Army to occupy Bolarum (modern Secunderabad) to protect the state's borders, for which the Nizams paid an annual maintenance to the British.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Rising Sun Inn",
"paragraph_text": "The Rising Sun Inn is a historic home in Anne Arundel County, Maryland, United States. It is a mid- and late-18th-century -story frame house. The earlier section dates to about 1753 and is covered with a gable roof and features a brick gable end. In the late 18th century, a frame, one-room gambrel roof wing was added to the northwest gable end of the house. Since 1916, it has been used as the headquarters of the Ann Arundel Chapter of the Daughters of the American Revolution.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Chester Chronicle",
"paragraph_text": "The Chester Chronicle is a British local weekly newspaper for the Chester and Cheshire area, first established in the 18th century. It is published every Thursday and has a circulation of 7,023",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Raid on Groton",
"paragraph_text": "The Raid on Groton happened during King William's War, on July 18, 1694, at Groton, Massachusetts. This was one of numerous attacks against the settlement in the late 17th and early 18th centuries; the village was also raided in 1707 during Queen Anne's War. The French and their First Nations allies did a brisk trade in ransoming captives; some of the youngest captives were adopted by Mohawk families.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "East India Company",
"paragraph_text": "The company received a Royal Charter from Queen Elizabeth I on 31 December 1600, making it the oldest among several similarly formed European East India Companies. Wealthy merchants and aristocrats owned the company's shares. Initially the government owned no shares and had only indirect control.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Hotel de l'Orient",
"paragraph_text": "The Hotel de l’Orient is an 18th-century hotel in Puducherry, India. It was founded in 1664 by the Compagnie des Indes Orientales (French East India Company).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Johann Friedrich Gleditsch",
"paragraph_text": "Johann Friedrich Gleditsch (15 August 1653 – 26 March 1716) was a major book publisher in the late 17th and early 18th centuries.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Hyderabad",
"paragraph_text": "Relics of Qutb Shahi and Nizam rule remain visible today, with the Charminar—commissioned by Muhammad Quli Qutb Shah—coming to symbolise Hyderabad. Golconda fort is another major landmark. The influence of Mughlai culture is also evident in the city's distinctive cuisine, which includes Hyderabadi biryani and Hyderabadi haleem. The Qutb Shahis and Nizams established Hyderabad as a cultural hub, attracting men of letters from different parts of the world. Hyderabad emerged as the foremost centre of culture in India with the decline of the Mughal Empire in the mid-19th century, with artists migrating to the city from the rest of the Indian subcontinent. While Hyderabad is losing its cultural pre-eminence, it is today, due to the Telugu film industry, the country's second-largest producer of motion pictures.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Hyderabad",
"paragraph_text": "Established in 1591 by Muhammad Quli Qutb Shah, Hyderabad remained under the rule of the Qutb Shahi dynasty for nearly a century before the Mughals captured the region. In 1724, Mughal viceroy Asif Jah I declared his sovereignty and created his own dynasty, known as the Nizams of Hyderabad. The Nizam's dominions became a princely state during the British Raj, and remained so for 150 years, with the city serving as its capital. The Nizami influence can still be seen in the culture of the Hyderabadi Muslims. The city continued as the capital of Hyderabad State after it was brought into the Indian Union in 1948, and became the capital of Andhra Pradesh after the States Reorganisation Act, 1956. Since 1956, Rashtrapati Nilayam in the city has been the winter office of the President of India. In 2014, the newly formed state of Telangana split from Andhra Pradesh and the city became joint capital of the two states, a transitional arrangement scheduled to end by 2025.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Granby Center Historic District",
"paragraph_text": "The Granby Center Historic District is a predominantly residential historic district encompassing a portion of the village of Granby Center in Granby, Connecticut. The village developed in the 18th century as a farming center, and a now includes a variety of architectural styles from the late 18th to early 20th centuries. The district was listed on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) in 1985.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Hyderabad",
"paragraph_text": "Hyderabad's role in the pearl trade has given it the name \"City of Pearls\" and up until the 18th century, the city was also the only global trading centre for large diamonds. Industrialisation began under the Nizams in the late 19th century, helped by railway expansion that connected the city with major ports. From the 1950s to the 1970s, Indian enterprises, such as Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited (BHEL), Nuclear Fuel Complex (NFC), National Mineral Development Corporation (NMDC), Bharat Electronics (BEL), Electronics Corporation of India Limited (ECIL), Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO), Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL), Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CCMB), Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics (CDFD), State Bank of Hyderabad (SBH) and Andhra Bank (AB) were established in the city. The city is home to Hyderabad Securities formerly known as Hyderabad Stock Exchange (HSE), and houses the regional office of the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI). In 2013, the Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE) facility in Hyderabad was forecast to provide operations and transactions services to BSE-Mumbai by the end of 2014. The growth of the financial services sector has helped Hyderabad evolve from a traditional manufacturing city to a cosmopolitan industrial service centre. Since the 1990s, the growth of information technology (IT), IT-enabled services (ITES), insurance and financial institutions has expanded the service sector, and these primary economic activities have boosted the ancillary sectors of trade and commerce, transport, storage, communication, real estate and retail.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Wig",
"paragraph_text": "Among women in the French court of Versailles in the mid-to - late 18th century, large, elaborate and often themed wigs (such as the stereotypical ``boat poufs '') were in vogue for women. These combed - up hair extensions were often very heavy, weighted down with pomades, powders, and other ornamentation. In the late 18th century these coiffures (along with many other indulgences in court life) became symbolic of the decadence of the French nobility, and for that reason quickly became out of fashion from the beginning of the French Revolution in 1789.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
When was the company that Nizam allied with in the late 18th century established in India?
|
[
{
"id": 33494,
"question": "Whom did the Nizam ally with in the late 18th century?",
"answer": "East India Company",
"paragraph_support_idx": 8
},
{
"id": 78772,
"question": "when was #1 established in india",
"answer": "31 December 1600",
"paragraph_support_idx": 12
}
] |
31 December 1600
|
[] | true |
2hop__745795_79562
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "The Copper Peacock",
"paragraph_text": "The Copper Peacock and Other Stories is a short-story collection by British writer Ruth Rendell. The title comes from the 6th story in the collection, in which a copper bookmark in the form of a peacock is gift from a cleaner to her employer, the giving of which has significant ramifications for their relationship. The final story in the collection features her popular series protagonist Inspector Reg Wexford.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Joseph Leftwich",
"paragraph_text": "Joseph Leftwich (1892–1983), born Joseph Lefkowitz, was a British critic and translator into English of Yiddish literature. He is known particularly for his 1939 anthology \"The Golden Peacock\" of Yiddish poetry, and his 1957 biography of Israel Zangwill.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Richard Bulstrode",
"paragraph_text": "Sir Richard Bulstrode (1610 – 3 October 1711) was an English author, diplomat and soldier, a son of Edward Bulstrode (1588–1659).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Edward Gryffydh Peacock",
"paragraph_text": "Edward Gryffydh Peacock (30 July 1825 – 4 January 1867) was an English official of the East India Company, publisher, writer and rower who won the Wingfield Sculls and Diamond Challenge Sculls at Henley Royal Regatta.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Edward Herrys",
"paragraph_text": "Edward Herrys (1612 - 1662) was an English lawyer and politician who sat in the House of Commons in 1660.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "National symbols of India",
"paragraph_text": "National bird Indian peacock Indian peacock (Pavo cristatus) is designated as the national bird of India. A bird indigenous to the subcontinent, peacock represents the unity of vivid colours and finds references in Indian culture. On February 1, 1963, The Government of India have decided to have the Peacock as the national bird of India. The decision has been taken after considering the views of the State Governments and the opinions expressed in the Press. The question of selecting a national bird has been under consideration since the Tokyo conference of the International Council for Bird Preservation held in May 1960. This matter was taken up by the Indian Board for Wild Life and the State Governments were also asked to give their views. Some of the other birds considered for the honour were the Great Indian Bustard, the Sarus crane, the ``Garuda ''and the Swan (Hamsa), the strongest contender being the Great Indian Bustard.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "WorkCover Authority of New South Wales",
"paragraph_text": "The WorkCover Authority of New South Wales or WorkCover NSW is a New South Wales Government agency established in 1989. The agency creates regulations to promote productive, healthy and safe workplaces for workers and employers in New South Wales. The agency formed part of the Safety, Return to Work and Support Division established pursuant to the Safety, Return to Work and Support Board Act, 2012 (NSW).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Albert Kay",
"paragraph_text": "Albert Edward Kay (22 November 1895 – 1975) was an English footballer who made almost 300 appearances for Wolverhampton Wanderers.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "John Edward Courtenay Bodley",
"paragraph_text": "John Edward Courtenay Bodley (6 June 1853 – 28 May 1925) was an English civil servant, known for his writings on France.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "East India Company",
"paragraph_text": "The company received a Royal Charter from Queen Elizabeth I on 31 December 1600, coming relatively late to trade in the Indies. Before them the Portuguese Estado da Índia had traded there for much of the 16th century and the first of half a dozen Dutch Companies sailed to trade there from 1595, which amalgamated in March 1602 into the United East Indies Company (VOC), which introduced the first permanent joint stock from 1612 (meaning investment into shares did not need to be returned, but could be traded on a stock exchange). Wealthy merchants and aristocrats owned the EIC's shares. Initially the government owned no shares and had only indirect control until 1657 when permanent joint stock was established.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Alphonse Milne-Edwards",
"paragraph_text": "Alphonse Milne-Edwards (Paris, 13 October 1835 – Paris, 21 April 1900) was a French mammalologist, ornithologist and carcinologist. He was English in origin, the son of Henri Milne-Edwards and grandson of Bryan Edwards, a Jamaican planter who settled at Bruges (then in France).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Edward Gryffydh Peacock",
"paragraph_text": "Peacock was the son of the poet Thomas Love Peacock and his wife Jane Gryffydh. In 1841 he was appointed midshipman in the Indian Navy. He arrived in India in October 1841 but returned to England for medical reasons in April 1842. In 1844 he became a clerk in the examiners office at East India House. He collaborated with George Meredith in publishing a privately circulated literary magazine, the \"Monthly Observer\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Peacock in the Park",
"paragraph_text": "Peacock in the Park is an annual LGBT variety show, held at Washington Park in Portland, Oregon, in the United States. The event was founded in 1987 and ran for 18 years, until it was replaced by the Peacock After Dark event in 2005. Due to popular demand, Peacock in the Park returned in 2014. It is considered family-friendly and is free to attend. Shows feature dancers, drag performances, and live music.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "University of Kansas",
"paragraph_text": "KU's Edwards Campus is in Overland Park, Kansas. Established in 1993, its goal is to provide adults with the opportunity to complete college degrees. About 2,100 students attend the Edwards Campus, with an average age of 32. Programs available at the Edwards Campus include developmental psychology, public administration, social work, systems analysis, information technology, engineering management and design.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Frederick Wallace Edwards",
"paragraph_text": "Frederick Wallace Edwards FRS (28 November 1888 in Fletton, Peterborough – 15 November 1940 in London), was an English entomologist who specialised in Diptera.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Edwards Pillar",
"paragraph_text": "Edwards Pillar () is a large rock pillar on the western face of Mount Stinear in the Prince Charles Mountains of Antarctica. The feature is in the vicinity of a geodetic survey station established by the Australian National Antarctic Research Expeditions Prince Charles Mountains survey party in 1971. It was named for N.F. Edwards, a surveyor with the party.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Edward Knott",
"paragraph_text": "Edward Knott, real name Matthew Wilson (1582–1656) was an English Jesuit controversialist, twice provincial of the Society of Jesus in England.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Old English",
"paragraph_text": "Like other historical languages, Old English has been used by scholars and enthusiasts of later periods to create texts either imitating Anglo-Saxon literature or deliberately transferring it to a different cultural context. Examples include Alistair Campbell and J. R. R. Tolkien. A number of websites devoted to Neo-Paganism and Historical re-enactment offer reference material and forums promoting the active use of Old English. By far the most ambitious project[peacock term] is the Old English Wikipedia, but most of the Neo-Old English texts published online bear little resemblance to the historical model and are riddled with very basic grammatical mistakes.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Edward Whalley",
"paragraph_text": "Edward Whalley (c. 1607 – c. 1675) was an English military leader during the English Civil War, and was one of the regicides who signed the death warrant of King Charles I of England.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Canadian Human Rights Commission",
"paragraph_text": "The Canadian Human Rights Commission (CHRC) was established in 1977 by the government of Canada. It is empowered under the \"Canadian Human Rights Act\" to investigate and try to settle complaints of discrimination in employment and in the provision of services within federal jurisdiction. The CHRC is also empowered under the \"Employment Equity Act\" to ensure that federally regulated employers provide equal opportunities for four designated groups: women, Aboriginal people, the disabled and visible minorities. The CHRC helps enforce these human rights and inform the general public and employers of these rights.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
When was Edward Gryffydh Peacock's employer established?
|
[
{
"id": 745795,
"question": "Edward Gryffydh Peacock >> employer",
"answer": "East India Company",
"paragraph_support_idx": 3
},
{
"id": 79562,
"question": "when was the english #1 established",
"answer": "31 December 1600",
"paragraph_support_idx": 9
}
] |
31 December 1600
|
[] | true |
2hop__694049_121919
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Sergio Amidei",
"paragraph_text": "Sergio Amidei (30 October 1904 – 14 April 1981) was an Italian screenwriter and an important figure in Italy's neorealist movement.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Edmund Burke",
"paragraph_text": "Richard Hurd believed that Burke's imitation was near-perfect and that this defeated his purpose: an ironist \"should take care by a constant exaggeration to make the ridicule shine through the Imitation. Whereas this Vindication is everywhere enforc'd, not only in the language, and on the principles of L. Bol., but with so apparent, or rather so real an earnestness, that half his purpose is sacrificed to the other\". A minority of scholars have taken the position that, in fact, Burke did write the Vindication in earnest, later disowning it only for political reasons.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Fritz Lang filmography",
"paragraph_text": "Fritz Lang (1890–1976) was an Austrian film director, producer and screenwriter. In Lang's early career he worked primarily as a screenwriter, finishing film scripts in four to five days. Lang went on to direct popular films of the silent era including \"Metropolis\" and one of the first important German sound films, \"M\". Lang went on to direct some of the most important crime and film noir film of the American studio era, such as \"The Big Heat\". Lang's final film work was an acting role as himself in Jean-Luc Godard's \"Contempt\". Lang returned to America to live out his remaining years.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Szabadbattyán",
"paragraph_text": "Szabadbattyán is a village in Fejér county, Hungary. Located about 10 km from Székesfehérvár and about 30 km from Lake Balaton. The area has been inhabited since prehistoric times. Archeological record go back to the bronze age. Due to its location it is an important transport hub.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "George Kaftan",
"paragraph_text": "George grew up in New York City and went to Xavier High School in Manhattan before going to Holy Cross for college. Though just 6'3\", Kaftan was the starting center for the College of the Holy Cross team that won the 1947 NCAA Basketball Tournament. In 1947 Kaftan also won Most Outstanding Player honors after averaging 21 points per game in three games.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Eleanor Searle",
"paragraph_text": "Eleanor Searle Whitney McCollum (c. 1908 – August 12, 2002) was an independent woman of means who was married to two important American men, Cornelius Vanderbilt Whitney and Leonard \"Mac\" McCollum. She achieved a unique and separable identify as a philanthropist and community organizer in Houston, TX. Her contributions included the establishment of the Eleanor McCollum Competition for Young Singers of Houston Grand Opera, patronage for Orbis International, and, together with her second husband, an important role in the development of Baylor College of Medicine.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Mariyam Mukku",
"paragraph_text": "Mariyam Mukku (Malayalam: മറിയം മുക്ക് ) is a 2015 Malayalam romantic fantasy drama written and directed by James Albert. The film marks the directorial debut of Malayalam screenwriter James. The film was distributed by LJ Films. It stars Fahadh Faasil and Sana Althaf in the lead roles along with Manoj K. Jayan, Joy Mathew, Irshad, Sadiq, Nandhu, Prathap Pothan and Saju Navodaya in other important roles. The film score and songs were composed by Vidyasagar.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Julio Porter",
"paragraph_text": "Julio Porter (July 14, 1916 in Buenos Aires – October 24, 1979 in Mexico City) was an Argentine screenwriter and film director known as one of the most prolific screenwriters and film directors in the history of the Cinema of Argentina.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Hallie Ephron",
"paragraph_text": "Hallie Ephron was born in Los Angeles, California, to parents Henry and Phoebe Ephron, both East Coast-born-and-raised screenwriters. She is the sister of Nora Ephron, Delia Ephron, and Amy Ephron. She graduated from Barnard College in 1969. She is married and has two daughters. Her family is Jewish.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Portrait of Professor Benjamin H. Rand",
"paragraph_text": "The portrait was the first Eakins made of someone outside his family. It is a prelude to what he considered his most important painting, \"The Gross Clinic\" (1875). Rand donated it to Jefferson Medical College when he retired.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Winchester",
"paragraph_text": "There was a fire in the city in 1141 during the Rout of Winchester. William of Wykeham played a role in the city's restoration. As Bishop of Winchester he was responsible for much of the current structure of the cathedral, and he founded the still extant public school Winchester College. During the Middle Ages, the city was an important centre of the wool trade, before going into a slow decline. The curfew bell in the bell tower (near the clock in the picture), still sounds at 8:00 pm each evening.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Roger Drew",
"paragraph_text": "Roger Drew is a British illustrator and television screenwriter, and was educated at Victoria College, Jersey. He has written material for TV shows such as \"The Thick of It\" and won an Emmy for his work on Veep.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Solo Sunny",
"paragraph_text": "Wolfgang Kohlhaase, East Germany’s most important screenwriter, wrote the screenplay for \"Solo Sunny\" and was made co-director of the film. The inspiration for this film was a German singer named Sanije Torka who was born of eastern European immigrant parents. Jutta Voigt, a German journalist who interviewed Torka and had connections to Kohlhaase, was a consultant for the film. The information used for the film drew on an interview Voigt had done with the singer in 1976 that was never published because her lifestyle did not fit East German socialist views.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Sandy Douglass",
"paragraph_text": "Douglass went to prep school at Collegiate School in New York City, then to Dartmouth College, graduating in 1926. His athletic pursuits included college gymnastics, canoe paddling, ice boating, and sailing canoe racing. He qualified for the Canadian national canoe paddling team, but was not allowed to go to the 1936 Olympics because he was American. Douglass befriended the famous English boat designer and racer Uffa Fox, whom he met through sailing canoe racing.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "The Importance of Being Earnest",
"paragraph_text": "After the success of Wilde's plays Lady Windermere's Fan and A Woman of No Importance, Wilde's producers urged him to write further plays. In July 1894 he mooted his idea for The Importance of Being Earnest to George Alexander, the actor - manager of the St James's Theatre. Wilde spent the summer with his family at Worthing, where he wrote the play quickly in August. His fame now at its peak, he used the working title Lady Lancing to avoid pre-emptive speculation of its content. Many names and ideas in the play were borrowed from people or places the author had known; Lady Queensberry, Lord Alfred Douglas's mother, for example, lived at Bracknell. There is widespread agreement among Wilde scholars that the most important influence on the play was W.S. Gilbert's 1877 farce Engaged; Wilde borrowed from Gilbert not only several incidents but, in Russell Jackson's phrase ``the gravity of tone demanded by Gilbert of his actors ''.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Uno (card game)",
"paragraph_text": "Uno Type Shedding - type Players 2 -- 10 Skills required Keeping important cards for later, knowing when to put them down, concealing your hand. Age range 7 + Cards 108 Playing time Normally, up to an hour but can go longer Random chance easy",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "The Importance of Being Earnest (1952 film)",
"paragraph_text": "The Importance of Being Earnest (1952) is a British film adaptation of the play by Oscar Wilde. It was directed by Anthony Asquith, who also adapted the screenplay, and was produced by Anthony Asquith, Teddy Baird, and Earl St. John.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Uno (card game)",
"paragraph_text": "UNO Type Shedding - type Players 2 -- 10 Skills required Keeping important cards for later, knowing when to put them down, concealing your hand. Age range 5 + Cards 108 Playing time Normally up to an hour but can go higher Random chance easy",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Oscar Wilde",
"paragraph_text": "Oscar Wilde was born at 21 Westland Row, Dublin (now home of the Oscar Wilde Centre, Trinity College), the second of three children born to Sir William Wilde and Jane Wilde, two years behind William (\"Willie\"). Wilde's mother had distant Italian ancestry, and under the pseudonym \"\"Speranza\"\" (the Italian word for 'hope'), wrote poetry for the revolutionary Young Irelanders in 1848; she was a lifelong Irish nationalist. She read the Young Irelanders' poetry to Oscar and Willie, inculcating a love of these poets in her sons. Lady Wilde's interest in the neo-classical revival showed in the paintings and busts of ancient Greece and Rome in her home.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Son of a Smaller Hero",
"paragraph_text": "Son of a Smaller Hero is a novel by Canadian author Mordecai Richler, first published in 1955 by André Deutsch. One of Richler's earliest works, it displays an earnest and gritty realism in comparison to his somewhat more satirical later novels. It is sometimes assigned reading for high school English classes in Canada.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
What was the college of the writer of The Importance of Being Earnest?
|
[
{
"id": 694049,
"question": "The Importance of Being Earnest >> screenwriter",
"answer": "Oscar Wilde",
"paragraph_support_idx": 16
},
{
"id": 121919,
"question": "What college did #1 go to?",
"answer": "Trinity College",
"paragraph_support_idx": 18
}
] |
Trinity College
|
[] | true |
2hop__540146_121919
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "WWJD",
"paragraph_text": "WWJD (91.7 FM, \"Eagle 91.7\") is a radio station licensed to serve Pippa Passes, Kentucky. The station is owned by Alice Lloyd College. It broadcasts in a Contemporary Christian music format.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Anna Catherine Constance Vasa",
"paragraph_text": "Anna Catherine Constance Vasa of Poland (; 7 August 1619 in Warsaw – 8 October 1651 in Cologne) was a Polish princess, daughter of King Sigismund III Vasa and his second wife Constance of Austria.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Connie McCready",
"paragraph_text": "Constance \"Connie\" McCready (born Constance Averill, August 20, 1921 – December 22, 2000), was a journalist and politician from Portland, Oregon, in the United States. She held several elected offices in Oregon during her career, including the Oregon House of Representatives, the Portland City Council, and culminating with a partial term as Portland's mayor. To date, McCready remains the last Republican to serve as mayor of the city.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Pat Sajak",
"paragraph_text": "Pat Sajak Sajak in 2006 Patrick Leonard Sajdak (1946 - 10 - 26) October 26, 1946 (age 71) Chicago, Illinois, U.S. Alma mater Columbia College Chicago Occupation Television personality, game show host, former DJ and TV weatherman Years active 1975 -- present Political party Republican Spouse (s) Sherrill Sajak (m. 1979; div. 1986) Lesly Brown (m. 1989) Children",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Dennis Lloyd, Baron Lloyd of Hampstead",
"paragraph_text": "Dennis Lloyd, Baron Lloyd of Hampstead (22 October 1915 – 31 December 1992) was a British jurist, and was raised to the peerage on 14 May 1965.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Julian Lloyd Webber",
"paragraph_text": "Julian Lloyd Webber is the second son of the composer William Lloyd Webber and his wife Jean Johnstone (a piano teacher). He is the younger brother of the composer Andrew Lloyd Webber. The composer Herbert Howells was his godfather. Lloyd Webber was educated at three schools in London: at Wetherby School, a pre-prep school in South Kensington, followed by Westminster Under School and University College School. He then won a scholarship to the Royal College of Music and completed his studies with Pierre Fournier in Geneva in 1973.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "John Hosier",
"paragraph_text": "John Hosier was born in the northwest London suburb of Kingsbury, Middlesex. His father, Harry Hosier, was the founder of the building firm Hosier and Dickinson, and his mother, Constance, was a violinist. She overcame the problem of his playing a musical instrument by teaching him to play the xylophone. He attended Fryent Primary School, Kingsbury, Preston Manor County Grammar School, now Preston Manor High School, Wembley and St John's College, Cambridge where he also served as a director of Footlights from 1950–1951.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Channel Crossing",
"paragraph_text": "Channel Crossing is a 1933 British crime film directed by Milton Rosmer and starring Matheson Lang, Constance Cummings, Anthony Bushell and Nigel Bruce.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Serena van der Woodsen",
"paragraph_text": "Occupation Novels: Fashion model High school student Dutch shipping heiress Socialite Television: Socialite Fashion model (former) Publicist (former) High school student (at Constance Billard; graduated) College student (at Columbia) Gossip Girl (former)",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Serena van der Woodsen",
"paragraph_text": "Serena has a nail - biting habit and also cuts her split ends off, mainly during her classes at Constance Billard. Though exposed and aware of the on - goings in the fashion world, she, unlike Blair, is not as meticulous about her fashion choices and wardrobe. She is described to have an effortless way about her. Serena is charismatic, charming, talented, funny, kind, care - free and laid - back. These attributes help her to thrive and often, whether wittingly or unwittingly, attract older men.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Lloyd Hall-Thompson",
"paragraph_text": "Robert Lloyd Hall-Thompson TD (9 April 1920 – 20 May 1992), known as Lloyd Hall-Thompson, was a Unionist politician in Northern Ireland.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Kressbronn am Bodensee",
"paragraph_text": "Kressbronn am Bodensee is a commune and a village in the district of Bodensee in Baden-Württemberg in Germany. It lies on Lake Constance.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Oscar Wilde",
"paragraph_text": "Oscar Wilde was born at 21 Westland Row, Dublin (now home of the Oscar Wilde Centre, Trinity College), the second of three children born to Sir William Wilde and Jane Wilde, two years behind William (\"Willie\"). Wilde's mother had distant Italian ancestry, and under the pseudonym \"\"Speranza\"\" (the Italian word for 'hope'), wrote poetry for the revolutionary Young Irelanders in 1848; she was a lifelong Irish nationalist. She read the Young Irelanders' poetry to Oscar and Willie, inculcating a love of these poets in her sons. Lady Wilde's interest in the neo-classical revival showed in the paintings and busts of ancient Greece and Rome in her home.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Cyril Holland",
"paragraph_text": "Cyril Holland (born Cyril Wilde, 5 June 1885 – 9 May 1915) was the older of the two sons of Oscar Wilde and Constance Lloyd and brother to Vyvyan Holland.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Protestantism",
"paragraph_text": "Beginning in first decade of the 15th century, Jan Hus—a Roman Catholic priest, Czech reformist and professor—influenced by John Wycliffe's writings, founded the Hussite movement. He strongly advocated his reformist Bohemian religious denomination. He was excommunicated and burned at the stake in Constance, Bishopric of Constance in 1415 by secular authorities for unrepentant and persistent heresy. After his execution, a revolt erupted. Hussites defeated five continuous crusades proclaimed against them by the Pope.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "WFNP",
"paragraph_text": "WFNP is a college radio station licensed to Rosendale, New York run by students attending the State University of New York at New Paltz, broadcasting on 88.7 MHz at 6 kilowatts ERP from the Illinois Mountain tower in Lloyd, New York.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Sammy Going South",
"paragraph_text": "Sammy Going South (retitled A Boy Ten Feet Tall for its later US release) is a 1963 British adventure film directed by Alexander Mackendrick, photographed by Erwin Hillier and starring Edward G. Robinson, Fergus McClelland and Constance Cummings.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Daniel Lewis Lloyd",
"paragraph_text": "Born in Llanarth, Ceredigion, Wales, Lloyd was educated at Lampeter College School and Jesus College, Oxford. He was, successively, the headmaster at Dolgelley Grammar School (1867–1872), Friars School, Bangor (1872–1878) and Christ College, Brecon (1878–1890). He was then appointed Bishop of Bangor, (1890–1898), the first Welsh-speaking bishop there for over 200 years.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Eric Lloyd",
"paragraph_text": "Eric Lloyd (born David Eric Lloyd Morelli; May 19, 1986) is an American actor, comedian, musician and producer. Lloyd is best known for work as a child actor in such roles as Charlie Calvin in Disney's The Santa Clause film trilogy, and as ``Little John ''Warner in the NBC television series Jesse.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Blanche of Anjou",
"paragraph_text": "Blanche of Anjou (1280 – 14 October 1310) was Queen of Aragon as the second spouse of King James II. She was a member of the Capetian House of Anjou, she is also known as \"Blanche of Naples\". She served as Regent or \"Queen-Lieutenant\" of Aragon during the absence of her spouse in 1310.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
What college was attended by the spouse of Constance Lloyd?
|
[
{
"id": 540146,
"question": "Constance Lloyd >> spouse",
"answer": "Oscar Wilde",
"paragraph_support_idx": 13
},
{
"id": 121919,
"question": "What college did #1 go to?",
"answer": "Trinity College",
"paragraph_support_idx": 12
}
] |
Trinity College
|
[] | true |
2hop__6078_78772
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Cyprus",
"paragraph_text": "Following the death in 1473 of James II, the last Lusignan king, the Republic of Venice assumed control of the island, while the late king's Venetian widow, Queen Catherine Cornaro, reigned as figurehead. Venice formally annexed the Kingdom of Cyprus in 1489, following the abdication of Catherine. The Venetians fortified Nicosia by building the Venetian Walls, and used it as an important commercial hub. Throughout Venetian rule, the Ottoman Empire frequently raided Cyprus. In 1539 the Ottomans destroyed Limassol and so fearing the worst, the Venetians also fortified Famagusta and Kyrenia.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "French colonization of the Americas",
"paragraph_text": "The French colonization of the Americas began in the 16th century, and continued on into the following centuries as France established a colonial empire in the Western Hemisphere. France founded colonies in much of eastern North America, on a number of Caribbean islands, and in South America. Most colonies were developed to export products such as fish, rice sugar, and furs.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "French colonization of the Americas",
"paragraph_text": "The French colonization of the Americas began in the 16th century, and continued on into the following centuries as France established a colonial empire in the Western Hemisphere. France founded colonies in much of eastern North America, on a number of Caribbean islands, and in South America. Most colonies were developed to export products such as fish, rice, sugar, and furs.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Sid Meier's Colonization",
"paragraph_text": "Sid Meier's Colonization is a computer game by Brian Reynolds and Sid Meier released by MicroProse in 1994. It is a turn-based strategy game themed on the early European colonization of the New World, starting in 1492 and lasting until 1850. It was originally released for DOS, and later ported to Windows 3.1 (1995), the Amiga (1995), and Macintosh (1995). American video game publisher Tommo purchased the rights to this game in 2015 and digitally published it through their Retroism brand.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "European exploration of Africa",
"paragraph_text": "European exploration of Sub-Saharan Africa begins with the Age of Discovery in the 15th century, pioneered by Portugal under Henry the Navigator. The Cape of Good Hope was first reached by Bartolomeu Dias on 12 March 1488, opening the important sea route to India and the Far East, but European exploration of Africa itself remained very limited during the 16th and 17th centuries. The European powers were content to establish trading posts along the coast while they were actively exploring and colonizing the New World. Exploration of the interior of Africa was thus mostly left to the Arab slave traders, who in tandem with the Muslim conquest of the Sudan established far - reaching networks and supported the economy of a number of Sahelian kingdoms during the 15th to 18th centuries.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "History of the west coast of North America",
"paragraph_text": "Explorers flying the flag of Spain reached the New World beginning in 1492 with the discovery of America by Christopher Columbus. Spanish expeditions colonized and explored vast areas in North and South America following the grants of the Pope (contained in the 1493 papal bull Inter caetera) and rights contained in the 1494 Treaty of Tordesillas and 1529 Treaty of Zaragoza. These formal acts gave Spain the exclusive rights to colonize the entire Western Hemisphere (excluding eastern Brazil), including all of the west coast of North America. The first European expedition to actually reach the west coast was led by the Spaniard Vasco Núñez de Balboa, who reached the Pacific coast of Panama in 1513. In an act of enduring historical importance, Balboa claimed the Pacific Ocean for the Spanish Crown, as well as all adjoining land and islands. This act gave Spain exclusive sovereignty and navigation rights over the entire west coast of North America.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Spanish West Indies",
"paragraph_text": "The islands that later became the Spanish West Indies were the focus of the voyages of the Spanish expedition of Christopher Columbus in America. Largely due to the familiarity that Spaniards gained from Columbus's voyages, the islands were also the first lands to be permanently colonized by Spanish in the Americas. The Spanish West Indies were also the most enduring part of Spain's American Empire, only being surrendered in 1898 at the end of the Spanish–American War. For over three centuries, Spain controlled a network of ports in the Caribbean including Havana (Cuba), San Juan (Puerto Rico), Cartagena de Indias (Colombia), Veracruz (Mexico), and Portobelo, Panama, which were connected by galleon routes.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Saint Helena",
"paragraph_text": "In 1657, Oliver Cromwell granted the English East India Company a charter to govern Saint Helena and the following year the company decided to fortify the island and colonise it with planters. The first governor, Captain John Dutton, arrived in 1659, making Saint Helena one of Britain's oldest colonies outside North America and the Caribbean. A fort and houses were built. After the Restoration of the English monarchy in 1660, the East India Company received a royal charter giving it the sole right to fortify and colonise the island. The fort was renamed James Fort and the town Jamestown, in honour of the Duke of York, later James II of England.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Mumbai",
"paragraph_text": "In accordance with the Royal Charter of 27 March 1668, England leased these islands to the English East India Company in 1668 for a sum of £10 per annum. The population quickly rose from 10,000 in 1661, to 60,000 in 1675. The islands were subsequently attacked by Yakut Khan, the Muslim Koli admiral of the Mughal Empire, in October 1672, Rickloffe van Goen, the Governor-General of Dutch India on 20 February 1673, and Siddi admiral Sambal on 10 October 1673.In 1687, the English East India Company transferred its headquarters from Surat to Bombay. The city eventually became the headquarters of the Bombay Presidency. Following the transfer, Bombay was placed at the head of all the company's establishments in India. Towards the end of the 17th century, the islands again suffered incursions from Yakut Khan in 1689–90. The Portuguese presence ended in Bombay when the Marathas under Peshwa Baji Rao I captured Salsette in 1737, and Bassein in 1739.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "North Carolina",
"paragraph_text": "In 1584, Elizabeth I granted a charter to Sir Walter Raleigh, for whom the state capital is named, for land in present-day North Carolina (then part of the territory of Virginia). It was the second American territory which the English attempted to colonize. Raleigh established two colonies on the coast in the late 1580s, but both failed. The fate of the \"Lost Colony\" of Roanoke Island remains one of the most widely debated mysteries of American history. Virginia Dare, the first English child to be born in North America, was born on Roanoke Island on August 18, 1587; Dare County is named for her.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "British colonization of the Americas",
"paragraph_text": "The British colonization of the Americas (including colonization by both the English and the Scots) began in 1607 in Jamestown, Virginia, and reached its peak when colonies had been established throughout the Americas. The English, and later the British, were among the most important colonizers of the Americas, and their American empire came to rival the Spanish American colonies in military and economic might.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Saint Helena",
"paragraph_text": "The Dutch Republic formally made claim to Saint Helena in 1633, although there is no evidence that they ever occupied, colonised or fortified it. By 1651, the Dutch had mainly abandoned the island in favour of their colony at the Cape of Good Hope.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Gola Dhoro",
"paragraph_text": "Gola Dhoro is an archaeological site belonging to Indus Valley Civilization, situated at the head of the Gulf of Kutch, near Bagasara in Kutch district of Gujarat, India. The site contains a small fortified area of approximately 50x50 m with living quarters and manufacturing sites both inside and outside this area.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "History of Liberia",
"paragraph_text": "Liberia is a country in West Africa which was founded, established, colonized, and controlled by citizens of the United States and ex-Caribbean slaves as a colony for former African American slaves and their free black descendants. It is one of only two sovereign countries in the world that were started by citizens and ex-Caribbean slaves of a political power as a colony for former slaves of the same political power, the other being Sierra Leone, established by Great Britain. In 1847, Liberia proclaimed its independence from the American Colonization Society (ACS).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "East India Company",
"paragraph_text": "The company received a Royal Charter from Queen Elizabeth I on 31 December 1600, making it the oldest among several similarly formed European East India Companies. Wealthy merchants and aristocrats owned the company's shares. Initially the government owned no shares and had only indirect control.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Southampton",
"paragraph_text": "Viking raids from 840 onwards contributed to the decline of Hamwic in the 9th century, and by the 10th century a fortified settlement, which became medieval Southampton, had been established.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Conquest of the Canary Islands",
"paragraph_text": "The conquest took place between 1402 and 1496. It was not an easy task, militarily, given the resistance of the Guanche aboriginals in some islands. Nor was it easy politically, given the conflicting interests of the nobility (bent on fortifying their economic and political power) and the state, particularly Castile, with an interest in reinforcing its own power in competition with the nobles.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Roosevelt Island Bridge",
"paragraph_text": "The Roosevelt Island Bridge is a vertical lift bridge that connects Roosevelt Island in Manhattan to Astoria in Queens, crossing the East Channel of the East River. It is the sole route to the island for vehicular and foot traffic (without using public transportation).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Greeks",
"paragraph_text": "In ancient times, the trading and colonizing activities of the Greek tribes and city states spread the Greek culture, religion and language around the Mediterranean and Black Sea basins, especially in Sicily and southern Italy (also known as Magna Grecia), Spain, the south of France and the Black sea coasts. Under Alexander the Great's empire and successor states, Greek and Hellenizing ruling classes were established in the Middle East, India and in Egypt. The Hellenistic period is characterized by a new wave of Greek colonization that established Greek cities and kingdoms in Asia and Africa. Under the Roman Empire, easier movement of people spread Greeks across the Empire and in the eastern territories, Greek became the lingua franca rather than Latin. The modern-day Griko community of southern Italy, numbering about 60,000, may represent a living remnant of the ancient Greek populations of Italy.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Great Bengal famine of 1770",
"paragraph_text": "In the 17th century, the English East India Company had been given a grant of the town of Calcutta by the Mughal Prince Shah Shuja. At this time the Company was effectively another tributary power of the Mughal. During the following century, the company obtained sole trading rights for the province and went on to become the dominant power in Bengal. In 1757, at the Battle of Plassey, the British defeated the nawab Siraj Ud Daulah and plundered the Bengali treasury. In 1764 their military control was reaffirmed at Buxar. The subsequent treaty gained them the diwani, that is, taxation rights; the Company thereby became the de facto ruler of Bengal.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
When was the company that had the sole right to fortify and colonize the island established in India?
|
[
{
"id": 6078,
"question": "Who had the sole right to fortify and colonize the island?",
"answer": "East India Company",
"paragraph_support_idx": 7
},
{
"id": 78772,
"question": "when was #1 established in india",
"answer": "31 December 1600",
"paragraph_support_idx": 14
}
] |
31 December 1600
|
[] | true |
2hop__678848_45004
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Dutch colonization of the Americas",
"paragraph_text": "The Dutch colonization of the Americas began with the establishment of Dutch trading posts and plantations in the Americas, which preceded the much wider known colonisation activities of the Dutch in Asia. While the first Dutch fort in Asia was built in 1600 (in present - day Indonesia), the first forts and settlements on the Essequibo River in Guyana date from the 1590s. Actual colonization, with the Dutch settling in the new lands, was not as common as with other European nations. Many of the Dutch settlements were lost or abandoned by the end of the 17th century, but the Netherlands managed to retain possession of Suriname until it gained independence in 1975, as well as the Netherlands Antilles, which remain within the Kingdom of the Netherlands today.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Dutch East India Company",
"paragraph_text": "The United East India Company, sometimes known as the United East Indies Company (Dutch: Vereenigde Oostindische Compagnie; or Verenigde Oost - Indische Compagnie in modern spelling; abbreviated to VOC), better known to the English - speaking world as the Dutch East India Company or sometimes as the Dutch East Indies Company, was a multinational corporation that was founded in 1602 and became defunct in 1799. It was originally established as a chartered company to trade with India and Indianized Southeast Asian countries when the Dutch government granted it a 21 - year monopoly on the Dutch spice trade. The VOC was an early multinational corporation in its modern sense. In the early 1600s, by widely issuing bonds and shares of stock to the general public, the VOC became the world's first formally listed public company. In other words, it was the first corporation to be ever actually listed on an official stock exchange. The VOC was influential in the rise of corporate - led globalization in the early modern period. With its pioneering institutional innovations and powerful roles in world history, the company is considered by many to be the first major modern global corporation, and at its height was the most valuable corporation ever.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Armenia",
"paragraph_text": "Agriculture accounted for less than 20% of both net material product and total employment before the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991. After independence, the importance of agriculture in the economy increased markedly, its share at the end of the 1990s rising to more than 30% of GDP and more than 40% of total employment. This increase in the importance of agriculture was attributable to food security needs of the population in the face of uncertainty during the first phases of transition and the collapse of the non-agricultural sectors of the economy in the early 1990s. As the economic situation stabilized and growth resumed, the share of agriculture in GDP dropped to slightly over 20% (2006 data), although the share of agriculture in employment remained more than 40%.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Dutch language",
"paragraph_text": "In Dutch itself, Diets went out of common use - although Platdiets is still used for the transitional Limburgish-Ripuarian dialects in the north-east of Belgium. Nederlands, the official Dutch word for \"Dutch\", did not become firmly established until the 19th century. This designation had been in use as far back as the end of the 15th century, but received competition from the more popular terminology Nederduits, \"Low Dutch\", for several reasons. One of them was it reflected a distinction with Hoogduits, \"High Dutch\", meaning the language spoken in Germany. The Hoog was later dropped, and thus, Duits narrowed down in meaning to refer to the German language.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Guinea-Bissau",
"paragraph_text": "Rice is a staple in the diet of residents near the coast and millet a staple in the interior. Fish, shellfish, fruits and vegetables are commonly eaten along with cereal grains, milk, curd and whey. The Portuguese encouraged peanut production. Vigna subterranea (Bambara groundnut) and Macrotyloma geocarpum (Hausa groundnut) are also grown. Black-eyed peas are also part of the diet. Palm oil is harvested.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Staples Pond",
"paragraph_text": "Staples Pond is located in the town of Temple, Maine, in the United States. Some locals prefer to call it \"Santa Claus Lake\", because of its appearance from the air. Water from Staples Pond flows via Temple Stream to the Sandy River in Farmington, and thence to the Kennebec River.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Dutch language",
"paragraph_text": "Unlike other Germanic languages, Dutch doesn't have phonological aspiration of consonants. Like English, Dutch did not participate in the second consonant shift. Like most Germanic languages, the Dutch consonant system did not undergo the High German consonant shift and has a syllable structure that allows fairly complex consonant clusters. Dutch also retains full use of the velar fricatives that were present in Proto-Germanic, but lost or modified in many other Germanic languages. Dutch has final-obstruent devoicing: at the end of a word, voicing distinction is neutralised and all obstruents are pronounced voiceless. For example, goede (\"good\") is /ˈɣudə/ but the related form goed is /ɣut/. Dutch shares with German Final-obstruent devoicing (Du brood [broːt] and German Brot vs Eng bread).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Rebecca Talen",
"paragraph_text": "Rebecca Talen (born 27 October 1993) is a Dutch professional racing cyclist. She is the daughter of the cyclist John Talen.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Ready Steady Cook",
"paragraph_text": "Ready Steady Cook is a BBC daytime TV cooking game show. It debuted on 24 October 1994 and the last edition was broadcast on 2 February 2010. The programme was hosted by Fern Britton from 1994 until 2000 when celebrity chef Ainsley Harriott became the new host. In August 2000, when Harriott took over, the duration of the programme was extended from 30 to 45 minutes.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Affirmative action in the United States",
"paragraph_text": "In the 1960 presidential election, Democratic candidate and future President John F. Kennedy \"criticized President Eisenhower for not ending discrimination in federally supported housing\" and \"advocated a permanent Fair Employment Practices Commission\".:59 Shortly after taking office, Kennedy issued Executive Order 10925 in March 1961, requiring government contractors to \"consider and recommend additional affirmative steps which should be taken by executive departments and agencies to realize more fully the national policy of nondiscrimination…. The contractor will take affirmative action to ensure that applicants are employed, and that employees are treated during employment, without regard to their race, creed, color, or national origin\".:60 The order also established the President's Committee on Equal Employment Opportunity (PCEEO), chaired by Vice President Lyndon B. Johnson. Federal contractors who failed to comply or violated the executive order were punished by contract cancellation and the possible debarment from future government contracts. The administration was \"not demanding any special preference or treatment or quotas for minorities\" but was rather \"advocating racially neutral hiring to end job discrimination\".:61 Turning to issues of women's rights, Kennedy initiated a Commission on the Status of Women in December 1961. The commission was charged with \"examining employment policies and practices of the government and of contractors\" with regard to sex.:66",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Oeroeg",
"paragraph_text": "Oeroeg (translated into English as \"The Black Lake\") is the first novel by Hella Haasse. First published anonymously in 1948, it has become one of the best-known Dutch novels and a staple of literary education for many Dutch school children. The novel, a \"Bildungsroman\", is set in the Dutch East Indies, and tells the story of an anonymous narrator growing up on a plantation in the Dutch colony West Java. His childhood friend is a boy of the same age, but of native descent. As the narrator grows up he finds himself becoming estranged from his friend, as a result of the political and racial circumstances of colonial life. After having served in the army during World War II, he returns to his native land, only to be told that this is not where he belongs, and that he must leave.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Psycho (1960 film)",
"paragraph_text": "Psycho is a 1960 American psychological horror film directed and produced by Alfred Hitchcock, and written by Joseph Stefano. It stars Anthony Perkins, Janet Leigh, John Gavin, Vera Miles, and Martin Balsam, and was based on the 1959 novel of the same name by Robert Bloch. The film centers on an encounter between a secretary, Marion Crane (Leigh), who ends up at a secluded motel after stealing money from her employer, and the motel's owner - manager, Norman Bates (Perkins), and its aftermath.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Sahler Stone House and Dutch Barn",
"paragraph_text": "Sahler Stone House and Dutch Barn is a historic home and Dutch barn located at Rochester in Ulster County, New York. The house was built about 1780 and is a five-bay, -story linear plan stone and frame gable ended house. It was restored in 1957. The 1-story Dutch barn has a corrugated metal roof and clapboard siding.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "John Staples Harriott",
"paragraph_text": "John Staples Harriott (1780–1839) was a British army officer stationed in India, in the service of the East India Company. He came to acquire the \"Jami' al-tawarikh\" in its original manuscript. In his studies of the Roma people, he made an identification with a legend of Bahram Gur and the Luri to support a Romani presence in Sasanid Persia, now considered to be an unjustified and uncritical deduction that has persisted.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Michael John Fles",
"paragraph_text": "Michael John Fles was born to a Dutch father, George Fles, and a British mother, Pearl Rimel. As conscious communists, his parents had moved to the Soviet Union, where his father fell victim to Joseph Stalin's Great Purge. The mother, pregnant with Michael John, left the Soviet Union to give birth in London. Mother and son later emigrated to the United States, where Pearl Rimel found employment in the aircraft industry. Michael John grew up in Los Angeles and Ojai, California, where he graduated from the Ojai Valley School in 1950.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Peter Ester",
"paragraph_text": "Peter Ester (born 5 June 1953 in Utrecht) is a Dutch sociologist and politician. As a member of the ChristianUnion (ChristenUnie) he has been a member of the Senate since 7 June 2011. He focuses on matters of economic affairs, agriculture, social affairs and employment, finance, infrastructure, natural environment and Kingdom relations.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Joost van den Vondel",
"paragraph_text": "Joost van den Vondel (; 17 November 1587 – 5 February 1679) was a Dutch poet, writer and playwright. He is considered the most prominent Dutch poet and playwright of the 17th century. His plays are the ones from that period that are still most frequently performed, and his epic \"Joannes de Boetgezant\" (1662), on the life of John the Baptist, has been called the greatest Dutch epic.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Dutch Malabar",
"paragraph_text": "Dutch Malabar, also known by the name of its main settlement Cochin, was the title of a commandment of the Dutch East India Company on the Malabar Coast between 1661 and 1795, and is part of what is today collectively referred to as Dutch India. Dutch presence in the region started with the capture of Portuguese Quilon, and ended with the occupation of Malabar by the British in 1795. They possessed military outposts in 11 locations: Alleppey, Ayacotta, Chendamangalam, Pappinivattom, Ponnani, Pallipuram, Cranganore (from 15January 1662), Chetwai, Cannanore (from 15February 1663), Cochin (7January 16631795), and Quilon (29December 165814 April 1659 and from 24December 1661).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Abstract (album)",
"paragraph_text": "Abstract is the third album by Jamaican saxophonist Joe Harriott recorded in England in 1961 and 1962 and released on the Capitol label.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Samen voor altijd",
"paragraph_text": "\"Samen voor altijd\" (English: \"\"Together forever\"\") is a song recorded by Dutch artist Marco Borsato and his daughter Jada, featuring Dutch rapper Lange Frans and his son Willem, and Dutch producer John Ewbank and his daughter Day. It was written by John and Day Ewbank and Lange Frans, and was produced by John Ewbank. \"Samen voor altijd\" is listed on Borsato's twelfth studio album \"Duizend spiegels\" and was released on 22 November 2013 through label Universal Music.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
When did John Staples Harriott's employer end?
|
[
{
"id": 678848,
"question": "John Staples Harriott >> employer",
"answer": "East India Company",
"paragraph_support_idx": 13
},
{
"id": 45004,
"question": "when did the dutch #1 end",
"answer": "1799",
"paragraph_support_idx": 1
}
] |
1799
|
[] | true |
2hop__445427_121919
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Roger Drew",
"paragraph_text": "Roger Drew is a British illustrator and television screenwriter, and was educated at Victoria College, Jersey. He has written material for TV shows such as \"The Thick of It\" and won an Emmy for his work on Veep.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Bobby Duhon",
"paragraph_text": "Bobby Duhon is a retired professional American football player who played running back for four seasons for the New York Giants. Duhon played college football and college baseball at Tulane University.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Robert Shallcross",
"paragraph_text": "Robert Shallcross is an American film director and screenwriter and advertising writer. He worked for many years in the advertising business in Chicago. He crossed into feature-length films as a writer for the family comedy \"Little Giants\" (1994). He followed this up with \"Bored Silly\" (2000), and the family film \"Uncle Nino\" (2003).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Ahmad Bradshaw",
"paragraph_text": "Ahmad Bradshaw (born March 19, 1986) is a former American football running back. He was drafted in the seventh round of the 2007 NFL Draft by the New York Giants. He played college football at Marshall. He is a two-time Super Bowl champion, winning Super Bowls XLII and XLVI as a member of the New York Giants, defeating the New England Patriots in both Super Bowls. He was the leading rusher in each game, becoming one of eight running backs in NFL history to be the leading rusher in two Super Bowls.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Plaxico Burress",
"paragraph_text": "Plaxico Antonio Burress (born August 12, 1977) is a former American football wide receiver of the National Football League. He was drafted by the Pittsburgh Steelers eighth overall in the 2000 NFL Draft and also played for the New York Giants and the New York Jets. He caught the game-winning catch of Super Bowl XLII as the Giants beat the then-undefeated New England Patriots. He played college football at Michigan State.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Adrian Tracy",
"paragraph_text": "Adrian D'Sean Tracy (born April 6, 1988) is a gridiron football defensive end for the Hamilton Tiger-Cats of the Canadian Football League (CFL). He was selected in the sixth round (184th overall) of the 2010 NFL Draft by the New York Giants. Tracy played college football at the College of William & Mary.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Tyler Colvin",
"paragraph_text": "Tyler Eugene Colvin (born September 5, 1985) is an American professional baseball outfielder who is a free agent. He has played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Chicago Cubs, Colorado Rockies, and the San Francisco Giants. Colvin played college baseball at Clemson University.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Craig Walendy",
"paragraph_text": "Craig Hilary Walendy (born July 11, 1977 in New Brunswick, New Jersey) is a former professional American football fullback for the New York Giants in the National Football League. He played college football for the UCLA Bruins.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Will Allen (cornerback)",
"paragraph_text": "Will D. Allen (born August 5, 1978) is a former American football cornerback. Allen played college football at Syracuse. He was drafted in the first round of the 2001 NFL Draft by the New York Giants.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Mike Smith (1920s outfielder)",
"paragraph_text": "Elwood Hope \"Mike\" Smith (November 16, 1904 in Norfolk, Virginia – May 31, 1981 in Chesapeake, Virginia) was an American outfielder, who played Major League Baseball in 1926 for the New York Giants. Smith attended the College of William & Mary. Smith played 4 major league games in his career, going 1-7 with 2 strikeouts.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Krrish",
"paragraph_text": "After being confronted by Krishna at his apartment they talked what she said, Priya realises her mistake and stops her boss from revealing Krrish's identity. She then meets Vikram Sinha (Sharat Saxena), who has been searching for Krishna for years. He informs them that Krishna's father Rohit is still alive and that after completing the machine, he and Rohit tested it and saw Siddharth holding a gun to Rohit's head. Rohit understood that Siddhant was going to kill him and then use the machine for his own selfish needs. He was able to destroy the machine, before being taken prisoner by Siddarth.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Oscar Wilde",
"paragraph_text": "Oscar Wilde was born at 21 Westland Row, Dublin (now home of the Oscar Wilde Centre, Trinity College), the second of three children born to Sir William Wilde and Jane Wilde, two years behind William (\"Willie\"). Wilde's mother had distant Italian ancestry, and under the pseudonym \"\"Speranza\"\" (the Italian word for 'hope'), wrote poetry for the revolutionary Young Irelanders in 1848; she was a lifelong Irish nationalist. She read the Young Irelanders' poetry to Oscar and Willie, inculcating a love of these poets in her sons. Lady Wilde's interest in the neo-classical revival showed in the paintings and busts of ancient Greece and Rome in her home.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "John Brandes",
"paragraph_text": "John Wesley Brandes (born April 2, 1964 in Fort Riley, Kansas) is a former American football tight end and long snapper in the National Football League for the Indianapolis Colts, Washington Redskins, New York Giants, and the San Francisco 49ers. He played college football at Cameron University.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "The Selfish Giant (1972 film)",
"paragraph_text": "The Selfish Giant is an animated short film adaptation of the short story by Oscar Wilde. The story has symbolic religious themes and may be considered a work of allegory in Christian literature. The film was produced in 1971 by the Canadian-based Potterton Productions and by Pyramid Films. It earned a 44th Academy Award nomination in the Animated Short Subject category. One of the film's animators was Micheline Lanctôt. The King's Singers provided the vocals after having formed only a few years before.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "List of Olympic medalists in snowboarding",
"paragraph_text": "Snowboarding is a sport that has been contested at the Winter Olympic Games since the 1998 Winter Olympics in Nagano, Japan. Snowboarding was one of five new sports or disciplines added to the Winter Olympic programme between 1990 and 2002, and was the only one not to have been a previous medal or demonstration event. In 1998, four events, two for men and two for women, were held in two specialities: the giant slalom, a downhill event similar to giant slalom skiing; and the half - pipe, in which competitors perform tricks while going from one side of a semi-circular ditch to the other. Canadian Ross Rebagliati won the men's giant slalom and became the first athlete to win a gold medal in snowboarding. Rebagliati was briefly stripped of his medal by the International Olympic Committee (IOC) after testing positive for marijuana. However, the IOC's decision was reverted following an appeal from the Canadian Olympic Association. For the 2002 Winter Olympics, the giant slalom was dropped in favour of the parallel giant slalom, an event that involves head - to - head racing. In 2006, a third event, the snowboard cross, was held for the first time. In this event, competitors race against each other down a course with jumps, beams and other obstacles.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Chad Jones (American football)",
"paragraph_text": "Chad D'Orsey Jones (born October 5, 1988) is an American former baseball and American football player. He was drafted by the New York Giants in the third round of the 2010 NFL Draft, and the Cincinnati Reds in the ninth round of the 2013 MLB draft. He played college football and college baseball at Louisiana State.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Hallie Ephron",
"paragraph_text": "Hallie Ephron was born in Los Angeles, California, to parents Henry and Phoebe Ephron, both East Coast-born-and-raised screenwriters. She is the sister of Nora Ephron, Delia Ephron, and Amy Ephron. She graduated from Barnard College in 1969. She is married and has two daughters. Her family is Jewish.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Jess Atkinson",
"paragraph_text": "Jess Gerald Atkinson (born December 11, 1961 in Ann Arbor, Michigan) is a former American football placekicker in the National Football League for the St. Louis Cardinals, New York Giants, Washington Redskins, and the Indianapolis Colts. He played college football at the University of Maryland.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Jawanza Starling",
"paragraph_text": "Jawanza Starling (born June 21, 1991) is an American football safety who is currently a free agent. He played college football for USC. He was signed by the Texans as an undrafted free agent in 2013. He has also been a member of the New York Giants.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Olivier Vernon",
"paragraph_text": "Olivier Alexander Vernon (born October 7, 1990) is an American football defensive end for the Cleveland Browns of the National Football League (NFL). He was drafted by the Miami Dolphins in the third round of the 2012 NFL Draft and has also played for the New York Giants. He played college football at the University of Miami.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
What college did the screenwriter of The Selfish Giant go to?
|
[
{
"id": 445427,
"question": "The Selfish Giant >> screenwriter",
"answer": "Oscar Wilde",
"paragraph_support_idx": 13
},
{
"id": 121919,
"question": "What college did #1 go to?",
"answer": "Trinity College",
"paragraph_support_idx": 11
}
] |
Trinity College
|
[] | true |
2hop__665127_78772
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Armed Forces' Pay Review Body",
"paragraph_text": "The Armed Forces' Pay Review Body is a United Kingdom non-departmental public body (and a Review Body) established to review and recommend the pay and terms and conditions of employment of the British armed forces. It is funded by the Ministry of Defence, and the Office of Manpower Economics provides the Review Body with an independent Secretariat.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "WorkCover Authority of New South Wales",
"paragraph_text": "The WorkCover Authority of New South Wales or WorkCover NSW is a New South Wales Government agency established in 1989. The agency creates regulations to promote productive, healthy and safe workplaces for workers and employers in New South Wales. The agency formed part of the Safety, Return to Work and Support Division established pursuant to the Safety, Return to Work and Support Board Act, 2012 (NSW).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Minister of Railways (India)",
"paragraph_text": "The Minister of Railways is the head of the Ministry of Railways of the Government of India. The railway minister is usually accorded a cabinet rank, and is responsible for Indian Railways, one of the largest employers in the world. An important responsibility of the railway minister is to present in Parliament the Railway Budget, the Annual Financial Statement of Indian Railways. Piyush Goyal of the Bharatiya Janata Party is the current Minister of Railways, serving since 3 September 2017. Railways Minister (India)",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "East India Company",
"paragraph_text": "The company received a Royal Charter from Queen Elizabeth I on 31 December 1600, making it the oldest among several similarly formed European East India Companies. Wealthy merchants and aristocrats owned the company's shares. Initially the government owned no shares and had only indirect control.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Maxim Thorne",
"paragraph_text": "Maxim Thorne is an American lawyer and civil rights advocate who teaches on philanthropy at Yale University. He is the founder of JusticeInvestor, a litigation crowdfunding company focused on environmental and social justice cases. He became a Senior Vice-President of the NAACP in 2008, where he helped establish the first LGBT Task Force. Thorne helped argue \"Abbott v. Burke\" on behalf of Head Start and the NAACP.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Institute of Microbial Technology",
"paragraph_text": "The Institute of Microbial Technology (IMTECH), based in Chandigarh, India, is one of the constituent establishments of the Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (CSIR). It was established in 1984.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "András Kállay-Saunders",
"paragraph_text": "András Kállay-Saunders was born in New York City, United States to Hungarian model Katalin Kállay and American soul-singer and producer Fernando Saunders. He is a descendant of the noble Kállay family from his maternal side.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Saunders Alexius Abbott",
"paragraph_text": "Major-General Saunders Alexius Abbott (9 July 1811 – 7 February 1894) was an army officer in the British East India Company.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Minister of Railways (India)",
"paragraph_text": "The Minister of Railways is the head of the Ministry of Railways of the Government of India. The railway minister is usually accorded a cabinet rank, and is responsible for Indian Railways, the largest employer in the world. An important responsibility of the railway minister is to present in Parliament the Railway Budget, the Annual Financial Statement of Indian Railways. Piyush Goyal of the Bharatiya Janata Party is the current Minister of Railways, serving since 3 September 2017. Railways Minister (India)",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Mumbai",
"paragraph_text": "Mumbai is India's largest city (by population) and is the financial and commercial capital of the country as it generates 6.16% of the total GDP. It serves as an economic hub of India, contributing 10% of factory employment, 25% of industrial output, 33% of income tax collections, 60% of customs duty collections, 20% of central excise tax collections, 40% of India's foreign trade and ₹4,000 crore (US $610 million) in corporate taxes. Along with the rest of India, Mumbai has witnessed an economic boom since the liberalisation of 1991, the finance boom in the mid-nineties and the IT, export, services and outsourcing boom in the 2000s. Although Mumbai had prominently figured as the hub of economic activity of India in the 1990s, the Mumbai Metropolitan Region is presently witnessing a reduction in its contribution to India's GDP.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Brad Carlton",
"paragraph_text": "Brad Carlton is a fictional character from the CBS soap opera The Young and the Restless, portrayed by Don Diamont. The character became a mainstay on the series for over ten years. He was known for his relationships with Traci Abbott, Ashley Abbott and Victoria Newman, as well as his business rivalries with Jack Abbott and Victor Newman. In 2009, the character drowned in a frozen lake.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Princess Luise of Anhalt-Bernburg",
"paragraph_text": "As the daughter of Alexius Frederick Christian, Duke of Anhalt-Bernburg and his wife Marie Friederike of Hesse-Kassel, she was a Princess of Anhalt-Bernburg and member of the House of Ascania. By her 21 November 1817 marriage to Prince Frederick of Prussia she was a princess of Prussia.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Traci Abbott",
"paragraph_text": "Traci Abbott is a fictional character from the American CBS soap opera, The Young and the Restless. Created and introduced by William J. Bell, the role has been portrayed by Beth Maitland since 1982. Traci is the youngest daughter of John Abbott and Dina Mergeron.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "2014 Texas gubernatorial election",
"paragraph_text": "The election took place between nominees who were selected on March 4, 2014: Republican State Attorney General Greg Abbott and Democratic State Senator Wendy Davis. Also on the ballot were Libertarian Party candidate Kathie Glass and Green Party candidate Brandon Parmer. Abbott was projected to carry the election, and ultimately won handily with a 20 percentage point advantage. Exit polls showed Abbott winning Whites (72% to 25%), while Davis received majorities among African Americans (92% to 7%) and Hispanics (55% to 44%).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "List of The Young and the Restless characters (2012)",
"paragraph_text": "Johnny Abbott The Young and the Restless character Portrayed by Holden and Ryan Hare Duration 2012 -- First appearance April 9, 2012 Created by Maria Arena Bell Hogan Sheffer Scott Hamner Profile Other names John Abbott IV Residence Genoa City, Wisconsin (show) Family Family Abbott, Newman Father Billy Abbott Mother Chelsea Lawson Adoptive mother Victoria Newman Half - brothers Connor Newman Reed Hellstrom (adoptive) Half - sisters Eve Nicole Howard (adoptive) Delia Abbott Katie Newman Grandfathers John Abbott Jeffrey Bardwell Victor Newman (adoptive) Grandmothers Jill Abbott Anita Lawson Nikki Newman (adoptive) Uncles Jack Abbott Phillip Chancellor III Nicholas Newman (adoptive) Dylan McAvoy (adoptive) John Abbott III (adoptive) Adam Newman (adoptive) Aunts Traci Abbott Connelly Abby Newman (adoptive) First cousins Keemo Volien Abbott Kyle Abbott Chance Chancellor Colleen Carlton Noah Newman (adoptive) Connor Newman (adoptive) Cassie Newman (adoptive) Summer Newman (adoptive) Faith Newman (adoptive) Christian Newman (adoptive)",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Mike Hinton",
"paragraph_text": "Michael David Hinton (May 4, 1956 – August 1, 2013) was an American guitarist, residing in the San Francisco Bay Area. During his career, he played with numerous bands, including Norton Buffalo and the Knockouts, High Noon, Merl Saunders & the Rainforest Band, to name a few. He appeared on several albums with the Rainforest Band and other Merl Saunders projects, including \"It's In The Air\", \"Fiesta Amazonica\", \"Still Having Fun\", \"Merl Saunders With His Funky Friends - Live\", and \"Still Groovin' \".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Billy Abbott",
"paragraph_text": "Billy Abbott is a fictional character from The Young and the Restless, an American soap opera on the CBS network. Created by William J. Bell as the son of John Abbott (Jerry Douglas) and Jill Abbott (Jess Walton), the character is currently portrayed by Jason Thompson. He was born onscreen during the episode airing on July 7, 1993. For the character's first six - year period, he appeared as a minor, portrayed by various child actors. In 1999, David Tom began portraying Billy as a teenager. Tom was acclaimed for his portrayal, winning a Daytime Emmy Award in 2000.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Saunders, West Virginia",
"paragraph_text": "Saunders (also known as Right Fork, Three Fork and Three Forks) is an unincorporated community in Logan County, West Virginia, United States. Saunders is located on County Highway 16 near Buffalo Creek, east-northeast of Man.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Wilson Ruffin Abbott",
"paragraph_text": "Wilson Ruffin Abbott (1801–1876) was an American-born Black Canadian and successful businessman and landowner in Toronto, Ontario. He was the father of Anderson Ruffin Abbott, Canada's first Black physician.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Universal Pictures",
"paragraph_text": "Universal could seldom afford its own stable of stars, and often borrowed talent from other studios, or hired freelance actors. In addition to Stewart and Dietrich, Margaret Sullavan, and Bing Crosby were two of the major names that made a couple of pictures for Universal during this period. Some stars came from radio, including Edgar Bergen, W. C. Fields, and the comedy team of Abbott and Costello (Bud Abbott and Lou Costello). Abbott and Costello's military comedy Buck Privates (1941) gave the former burlesque comedians a national and international profile.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
When was the company that employed Saunders Alexius Abbot established in India?
|
[
{
"id": 665127,
"question": "Saunders Alexius Abbott >> employer",
"answer": "East India Company",
"paragraph_support_idx": 7
},
{
"id": 78772,
"question": "when was #1 established in india",
"answer": "31 December 1600",
"paragraph_support_idx": 3
}
] |
31 December 1600
|
[] | true |
2hop__33494_79562
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "John Daly Burk",
"paragraph_text": "John Daly Burk (ca.1776–1808) was an Irish-born dramatist, historian and newspaperman in the United States in the late 18th and early 19th centuries. He died fighting a duel in Virginia in 1808.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Penny (British pre-decimal coin)",
"paragraph_text": "The pre-decimal penny (1d) was a coin worth 1 / 240 of a pound sterling. Its symbol was d, from the Roman denarius. It was a continuation of the earlier English penny, and in Scotland it had the same monetary value as one pre-1707 Scottish shilling. The penny was originally minted in silver, but from the late 18th century it was minted in copper, and then after 1860 in bronze.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Nathaniel Bliss",
"paragraph_text": "The Reverend Nathaniel Bliss (28 November 1700 – 2 September 1764) was an English astronomer of the 18th century, serving as Britain's fourth Astronomer Royal between 1762 and 1764.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Wig",
"paragraph_text": "Among women in the French court of Versailles in the mid-to - late 18th century, large, elaborate and often themed wigs (such as the stereotypical ``boat poufs '') were in vogue for women. These combed - up hair extensions were often very heavy, weighted down with pomades, powders, and other ornamentation. In the late 18th century these coiffures (along with many other indulgences in court life) became symbolic of the decadence of the French nobility, and for that reason quickly became out of fashion from the beginning of the French Revolution in 1789.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Moosarambagh",
"paragraph_text": "Moosrambagh also Moosa Ram Bagh is an old suburb of Hyderabad, Telangana, India. It is named after the French military commander Monsieur Raymond who served the Nizams during the 18th century. His tomb Raymond's Tomb is located near Asman Garh Palace. The locality of \"Moosa-Ram-Bagh\" is named after him. Wherein, Bagh refers to \"a Garden\" as the area was once covered by huge greenery.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Granby Center Historic District",
"paragraph_text": "The Granby Center Historic District is a predominantly residential historic district encompassing a portion of the village of Granby Center in Granby, Connecticut. The village developed in the 18th century as a farming center, and a now includes a variety of architectural styles from the late 18th to early 20th centuries. The district was listed on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) in 1985.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Rising Sun Inn",
"paragraph_text": "The Rising Sun Inn is a historic home in Anne Arundel County, Maryland, United States. It is a mid- and late-18th-century -story frame house. The earlier section dates to about 1753 and is covered with a gable roof and features a brick gable end. In the late 18th century, a frame, one-room gambrel roof wing was added to the northwest gable end of the house. Since 1916, it has been used as the headquarters of the Ann Arundel Chapter of the Daughters of the American Revolution.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Retirement",
"paragraph_text": "Retirement, or the practice of leaving one's job or ceasing to work after reaching a certain age, has been around since around the 18th century. Prior to the 18th century, the average life expectancy of people was between 26 and 40 years. Due to this, only a small percentage of the population were reaching an age where physical impairments began to be obstacles to working. Retirement as a government policy began to be adopted by countries during the late 19th century and the 20th century, beginning in Germany under Otto Von Bismarck.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Raid on Groton",
"paragraph_text": "The Raid on Groton happened during King William's War, on July 18, 1694, at Groton, Massachusetts. This was one of numerous attacks against the settlement in the late 17th and early 18th centuries; the village was also raided in 1707 during Queen Anne's War. The French and their First Nations allies did a brisk trade in ransoming captives; some of the youngest captives were adopted by Mohawk families.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "John Rider House",
"paragraph_text": "The John Rider House is located on Main Street (CT 53) in Danbury, Connecticut, United States. It is a wooden frame house dating to the late 18th century.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Gregory Page-Turner",
"paragraph_text": "Sir Gregory Page-Turner, 3rd Baronet (16 February 1748 – 4 January 1805) was a wealthy landowner and politician in late 18th century England, serving as Member of Parliament (MP) for Thirsk for 21 years.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Chester Chronicle",
"paragraph_text": "The Chester Chronicle is a British local weekly newspaper for the Chester and Cheshire area, first established in the 18th century. It is published every Thursday and has a circulation of 7,023",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Miles Peter Andrews",
"paragraph_text": "Miles Peter Andrews (1742 – 18 July 1814) was an 18th-century English playwright, gunpowder manufacturer and politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1796 to 1814.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "East India Company",
"paragraph_text": "The company received a Royal Charter from Queen Elizabeth I on 31 December 1600, coming relatively late to trade in the Indies. Before them the Portuguese Estado da Índia had traded there for much of the 16th century and the first of half a dozen Dutch Companies sailed to trade there from 1595, which amalgamated in March 1602 into the United East Indies Company (VOC), which introduced the first permanent joint stock from 1612 (meaning investment into shares did not need to be returned, but could be traded on a stock exchange). Wealthy merchants and aristocrats owned the EIC's shares. Initially the government owned no shares and had only indirect control until 1657 when permanent joint stock was established.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Gambaga Witch camp",
"paragraph_text": "Gambaga Witch camp is a segregated community within Gambaga township in the Northern Region of Ghana established in the 18th century to accommodate alleged witches and wizards who are banished from their communities.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Alps",
"paragraph_text": "During the Napoleonic Wars in the late 18th century and early 19th century, Napoleon annexed territory formerly controlled by the Habsburgs and Savoys. In 1798 he established the Helvetic Republic in Switzerland; two years later he led an army across the St. Bernard pass and conquered almost all of the Alpine regions.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Neoclassical architecture",
"paragraph_text": "The baroque style had never truly been to the English taste. Four influential books were published in the first quarter of the 18th century which highlighted the simplicity and purity of classical architecture: Vitruvius Britannicus (Colen Campbell 1715), Palladio's Four Books of Architecture (1715), De Re Aedificatoria (1726) and The Designs of Inigo Jones... with Some Additional Designs (1727). The most popular was the four-volume Vitruvius Britannicus by Colen Campbell. The book contained architectural prints of famous British buildings that had been inspired by the great architects from Vitruvius to Palladio. At first the book mainly featured the work of Inigo Jones, but the later tomes contained drawings and plans by Campbell and other 18th-century architects. Palladian architecture became well established in 18th-century Britain.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Hyderabad",
"paragraph_text": "In 1769 Hyderabad city became the formal capital of the Nizams. In response to regular threats from Hyder Ali (Dalwai of Mysore), Baji Rao I (Peshwa of the Maratha Empire), and Basalath Jung (Asif Jah II's elder brother, who was supported by the Marquis de Bussy-Castelnau), the Nizam signed a subsidiary alliance with the East India Company in 1798, allowing the British Indian Army to occupy Bolarum (modern Secunderabad) to protect the state's borders, for which the Nizams paid an annual maintenance to the British.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Johann Friedrich Gleditsch",
"paragraph_text": "Johann Friedrich Gleditsch (15 August 1653 – 26 March 1716) was a major book publisher in the late 17th and early 18th centuries.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Early modern Europe",
"paragraph_text": "Early modern Europe is the period of European history between the end of the Middle Ages and the beginning of the Industrial Revolution, roughly the late 15th century to the late 18th century. Historians variously mark the beginning of the early modern period with the invention of moveable type printing in the 1450s, the Fall of Constantinople in 1453, the end of the Wars of the Roses in 1487, the beginning of the High Renaissance in Italy in the 1490s, the end of the Reconquista and subsequent voyages of Christopher Columbus to the Americas in 1492, or the start of the Protestant Reformation in 1517. The precise dates of its end point also vary and are usually linked with either the start of the French Revolution in 1789 or with the more vaguely defined beginning of the Industrial Revolution in late 18th century England.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
When was the entity Nizam allied with late in the 18th century established?
|
[
{
"id": 33494,
"question": "Whom did the Nizam ally with in the late 18th century?",
"answer": "East India Company",
"paragraph_support_idx": 17
},
{
"id": 79562,
"question": "when was the english #1 established",
"answer": "31 December 1600",
"paragraph_support_idx": 13
}
] |
31 December 1600
|
[] | true |
2hop__300077_121919
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Can I Get a Witness",
"paragraph_text": "\"Can I Get a Witness\" is a song composed by Brian Holland, Lamont Dozier and Eddie Holland and produced by Brian Holland and Lamont Dozier as a non-album single for American recording vocalist Marvin Gaye, who issued the record on Motown's Tamla imprint in September 1963.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Emil Oskar Nobel",
"paragraph_text": "Emil Oskar Nobel (; ; also Oscar; 1843 – 3 September 1864) was a member of the Nobel family, the youngest son of Immanuel Nobel, and of his wife Caroline Andrietta Ahlsell. He was the brother of Robert Nobel, Ludvig Nobel and Alfred Nobel. He was the only one of the Nobel family to go to college, going to the Swedish University of Uppsala. Emil died on September 3, 1864, the victim of an explosion while experimenting with nitroglycerine in his father's factory in Heleneborg, Stockholm. His brother Alfred later managed to stabilize dynamite with a diatomaceous earth called kieselguhr. Alfred was not in the factory at the time of Emil’s death.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Al Holland",
"paragraph_text": "Holland finished seventh in the National League Rookie of the Year voting for 1980 but his best season was with the Philadelphia Phillies in when he won the Rolaids Relief Man of the Year Award and TSN Fireman of the Year Award while finishing in the top ten in voting for both the Cy Young Award and National League MVP. He then saved Game 1 of the 1983 National League Championship Series, and struck out three batters in two innings to finish Game 4, clinching the pennant for the Phillies. He also saved Game 1 of the 1983 World Series. In Game 3 of the World Series, Holland was pitching in the seventh inning when an error allowed the go-ahead run to score. Although Holland struck out four batters in the eighth and ninth innings, he and the Phillies lost in the last postseason game of his career. They then lost Games 4 and 5 as well to give the Baltimore Orioles the championship.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Sieme Zijm",
"paragraph_text": "Sieme Zijm (born 25 January 1978 in Den Helder, North Holland) is a former Dutch footballer who last played for FC Emmen. His former clubs are Go Ahead Eagles, FC Zwolle, Sparta Rotterdam, Excelsior Rotterdam and FC Dordrecht.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Cyril Axelrod",
"paragraph_text": "Father Cyril Axelrod (born Sheftil ben Avram Abba on 24 February 1942 in Johannesburg, South Africa) is a deafblind Catholic priest of the Redemptorist Order known for his work for the deaf and deafblind people around the world, especially in South Africa, China and the United Kingdom.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Cyril Connolly",
"paragraph_text": "Cyril Connolly was born in Coventry, Warwickshire, the only child of Major Matthew William Kemble Connolly (1872–1947), an officer in the King's Own Yorkshire Light Infantry, by his Anglo-Irish wife, Muriel Maud Vernon, daughter of Colonel Edward Vernon (1838–1913) J.P., D.L., of Clontarf Castle, Co. Dublin. His parents had met while his father was serving in Ireland, and his father's next posting was to South Africa. Connolly's father was also a malacologist (the scientific study of the Mollusca, i.e. snails, clams, octopus, etc.) and mineral collector of some reputation and collected many samples in Africa. Cyril Connolly's childhood days were spent with his father in South Africa, with his mother's family at Clontarf Castle, and with his paternal grandmother in Bath, Somerset, and other parts of England.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Charlie Greene (baseball)",
"paragraph_text": "Charlie attended Killian Senior High School in Miami, Florida, from 1986 to 1989. He was drafted in the 11th round by the Seattle Mariners as a senior, but decided to play for his father at Miami-Dade College. His father, Dr. Charles P. Greene, coached at Miami-Dade College from 1968 to 1996.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Philemon Holland",
"paragraph_text": "Philemon Holland was educated at King Edward VI Grammar School, Chelmsford, before going on to Trinity College, Cambridge about 1568, where he was tutored by John Whitgift, later Archbishop of Canterbury. Holland received a BA in 1571, and was elected a minor Fellow at Trinity on 28 September 1573 and a major Fellow on 3 April 1574. His fellowship was terminated when he married in 1579.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "John Holland, 2nd Duke of Exeter",
"paragraph_text": "John Holland, 2nd Duke of Exeter, 2nd Earl of Huntingdon (29 March 1395 – 5 August 1447) was an English nobleman and military commander during the Hundred Years' War. His father, the 1st Duke of Exeter, was a maternal half-brother to Richard II of England, and was executed after King Richard's deposition. The Holland family estates and titles were forfeited, but John was able to recover them by dedicating his career to royal service. Holland rendered great assistance to his cousin Henry V in his conquest of France, fighting both on land and on the sea. He was marshal and admiral of England and governor of Aquitaine under Henry VI.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "How Sweet It Is (To Be Loved by You)",
"paragraph_text": "``How Sweet It Is (To Be Loved by You) ''is a 1964 song written by the Motown songwriting team of Holland -- Dozier -- Holland and first recorded by American soul singer Marvin Gaye.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Holland Junior/Senior High School",
"paragraph_text": "Holland Junior/Senior High School is a public high school located in the Town of Holland, Erie County, New York, U.S.A., and is the only high school operated by the Holland Central School District.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "John Wheelock",
"paragraph_text": "John Wheelock (January 28, 1754 – April 4, 1817) was the eldest son of Eleazar Wheelock who was the founder and first president of Dartmouth College; John Wheelock succeeded his father as the College’s second president.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Buddy Rice",
"paragraph_text": "Born in Phoenix, Arizona, Buddy Rice is the son of a former drag racer. Rice's grandfather was from Indianapolis and passed on his interest in racing to Rice's father. Rice saw his first race when he was six years old. He started racing in go-karts when he was 11. Rice played baseball in high school in Phoenix, Arizona, and attracted the attention of college and professional scouts. However, both Rice and his father decided he would pursue a career in racing instead.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Montagu C. Butler Library",
"paragraph_text": "It is housed in purpose-built premises at the offices of the Esperanto Association of Britain which are now located at the Wedgwood Memorial College, Barlaston, Stoke-on-Trent, Staffordshire, having moved from Holland Park, London in April 2001 due to financial pressures.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Oscar Wilde",
"paragraph_text": "Oscar Wilde was born at 21 Westland Row, Dublin (now home of the Oscar Wilde Centre, Trinity College), the second of three children born to Sir William Wilde and Jane Wilde, two years behind William (\"Willie\"). Wilde's mother had distant Italian ancestry, and under the pseudonym \"\"Speranza\"\" (the Italian word for 'hope'), wrote poetry for the revolutionary Young Irelanders in 1848; she was a lifelong Irish nationalist. She read the Young Irelanders' poetry to Oscar and Willie, inculcating a love of these poets in her sons. Lady Wilde's interest in the neo-classical revival showed in the paintings and busts of ancient Greece and Rome in her home.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "You Lost the Sweetest Boy",
"paragraph_text": "\"You Lost the Sweetest Boy\" is a song written by Holland–Dozier–Holland and released as a single by Motown star Mary Wells. The song is most noted for the background vocals by The Supremes and The Temptations.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Petar Gligorovski",
"paragraph_text": "Petar Gligorovski (Cyrillic: Петар Глигоровски; born: Perica Gligorović, Cyrillic: Перица Глигоровић; 1938–1995, Skopje, Republic of Macedonia) was a Yugoslav and Macedonian academic painter and an animated movies director.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Allen Clarke (educationalist)",
"paragraph_text": "Cyril Alfred Allen Clarke (20 August 1910 – 12 July 2007) was the founding head of Holland Park School, which was the flagship of the comprehensive education ideal. Holland Park School, of which Allen Clarke was the first headmaster, was in the 1960s the most famous of its kind in the UK. Founded in 1958, it was dubbed the \"socialist Eton\" and was the showcase comprehensive school of state education, which aimed to rectify the divisive damage caused by a system that had virtually typecast children as educable or not by the age of 11.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Cyril Holland",
"paragraph_text": "Cyril Holland (born Cyril Wilde, 5 June 1885 – 9 May 1915) was the older of the two sons of Oscar Wilde and Constance Lloyd and brother to Vyvyan Holland.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Cyrillic Supplement",
"paragraph_text": "Cyrillic Supplement is a Unicode block containing Cyrillic letters for writing several minority languages, including Abkhaz, Kurdish, Komi, Mordvin, Aleut, Azerbaijani, and Jakovlev's Chuvash orthography.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
What college was attended by the father of Cyril Holland?
|
[
{
"id": 300077,
"question": "Cyril Holland >> father",
"answer": "Oscar Wilde",
"paragraph_support_idx": 18
},
{
"id": 121919,
"question": "What college did #1 go to?",
"answer": "Trinity College",
"paragraph_support_idx": 14
}
] |
Trinity College
|
[] | true |
2hop__665127_45004
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Universal Pictures",
"paragraph_text": "Universal could seldom afford its own stable of stars, and often borrowed talent from other studios, or hired freelance actors. In addition to Stewart and Dietrich, Margaret Sullavan, and Bing Crosby were two of the major names that made a couple of pictures for Universal during this period. Some stars came from radio, including Edgar Bergen, W. C. Fields, and the comedy team of Abbott and Costello (Bud Abbott and Lou Costello). Abbott and Costello's military comedy Buck Privates (1941) gave the former burlesque comedians a national and international profile.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Brad Carlton",
"paragraph_text": "Brad Carlton is a fictional character from the CBS soap opera The Young and the Restless, portrayed by Don Diamont. The character became a mainstay on the series for over ten years. He was known for his relationships with Traci Abbott, Ashley Abbott and Victoria Newman, as well as his business rivalries with Jack Abbott and Victor Newman. In 2009, the character drowned in a frozen lake.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Dutch East India Company",
"paragraph_text": "The United East India Company, sometimes known as the United East Indies Company (Dutch: Vereenigde Oostindische Compagnie; or Verenigde Oost - Indische Compagnie in modern spelling; abbreviated to VOC), better known to the English - speaking world as the Dutch East India Company or sometimes as the Dutch East Indies Company, was a multinational corporation that was founded in 1602 and became defunct in 1799. It was originally established as a chartered company to trade with India and Indianized Southeast Asian countries when the Dutch government granted it a 21 - year monopoly on the Dutch spice trade. The VOC was an early multinational corporation in its modern sense. In the early 1600s, by widely issuing bonds and shares of stock to the general public, the VOC became the world's first formally listed public company. In other words, it was the first corporation to be ever actually listed on an official stock exchange. The VOC was influential in the rise of corporate - led globalization in the early modern period. With its pioneering institutional innovations and powerful roles in world history, the company is considered by many to be the first major modern global corporation, and at its height was the most valuable corporation ever.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "French and Saunders",
"paragraph_text": "In a 2005 poll to find \"The Comedian's Comedian\", the duo were voted among the top 50 comedy acts ever by fellow comedians and comedy insiders. Their last special, 2005's \"French and Saunders Christmas Celebrity Special\", aired on 27 December 2005 on BBC One. In 2006, both Saunders and French announced that their sketch show was now dead, and that they had moved on to more age appropriate material. Their last ever concert, and last ever performing as a duo act, \"Still Alive\" tour ran until the end of 2008, and then resumed in Australia in the summer of 2009.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Mike Hinton",
"paragraph_text": "Michael David Hinton (May 4, 1956 – August 1, 2013) was an American guitarist, residing in the San Francisco Bay Area. During his career, he played with numerous bands, including Norton Buffalo and the Knockouts, High Noon, Merl Saunders & the Rainforest Band, to name a few. He appeared on several albums with the Rainforest Band and other Merl Saunders projects, including \"It's In The Air\", \"Fiesta Amazonica\", \"Still Having Fun\", \"Merl Saunders With His Funky Friends - Live\", and \"Still Groovin' \".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Saunders Alexius Abbott",
"paragraph_text": "Major-General Saunders Alexius Abbott (9 July 1811 – 7 February 1894) was an army officer in the British East India Company.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Traci Abbott",
"paragraph_text": "Traci Abbott is a fictional character from the American CBS soap opera, The Young and the Restless. Created and introduced by William J. Bell, the role has been portrayed by Beth Maitland since 1982. Traci is the youngest daughter of John Abbott and Dina Mergeron.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "András Kállay-Saunders",
"paragraph_text": "András Kállay-Saunders was born in New York City, United States to Hungarian model Katalin Kállay and American soul-singer and producer Fernando Saunders. He is a descendant of the noble Kállay family from his maternal side.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Rutgers Glacier",
"paragraph_text": "Rutgers Glacier () is a steep glacier on the west side of the Royal Society Range in the Ross Dependency, Antarctica. Rutgers Glacier descends southwest from Johns Hopkins Ridge and Mount Rucker to enter the Skelton Glacier. Abbott Spur separates the lower ends of Rutgers Glacier from Allison Glacier.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Sahler Stone House and Dutch Barn",
"paragraph_text": "Sahler Stone House and Dutch Barn is a historic home and Dutch barn located at Rochester in Ulster County, New York. The house was built about 1780 and is a five-bay, -story linear plan stone and frame gable ended house. It was restored in 1957. The 1-story Dutch barn has a corrugated metal roof and clapboard siding.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Armenia",
"paragraph_text": "Agriculture accounted for less than 20% of both net material product and total employment before the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991. After independence, the importance of agriculture in the economy increased markedly, its share at the end of the 1990s rising to more than 30% of GDP and more than 40% of total employment. This increase in the importance of agriculture was attributable to food security needs of the population in the face of uncertainty during the first phases of transition and the collapse of the non-agricultural sectors of the economy in the early 1990s. As the economic situation stabilized and growth resumed, the share of agriculture in GDP dropped to slightly over 20% (2006 data), although the share of agriculture in employment remained more than 40%.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Shake You Down",
"paragraph_text": "``Shake You Down ''is a song by American R&B artist, writer and producer Gregory Abbott. It was released in September 1986 as the lead single from his debut album. It became Abbott's biggest hit and was certified platinum by the RIAA. Abbott went on the chart with several other songs as well. The track is also featured in the 2007 film Are We Done Yet?",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Peter Ester",
"paragraph_text": "Peter Ester (born 5 June 1953 in Utrecht) is a Dutch sociologist and politician. As a member of the ChristianUnion (ChristenUnie) he has been a member of the Senate since 7 June 2011. He focuses on matters of economic affairs, agriculture, social affairs and employment, finance, infrastructure, natural environment and Kingdom relations.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Wilson Ruffin Abbott",
"paragraph_text": "Wilson Ruffin Abbott (1801–1876) was an American-born Black Canadian and successful businessman and landowner in Toronto, Ontario. He was the father of Anderson Ruffin Abbott, Canada's first Black physician.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Saunders, West Virginia",
"paragraph_text": "Saunders (also known as Right Fork, Three Fork and Three Forks) is an unincorporated community in Logan County, West Virginia, United States. Saunders is located on County Highway 16 near Buffalo Creek, east-northeast of Man.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Edward Gilbert Abbott",
"paragraph_text": "Edward Gilbert Abbott (1825–1855) was the patient upon whom William T. G. Morton first publicly demonstrated the use of ether as a surgical anesthetic. The operation was done in an amphitheater at the Massachusetts General Hospital now known as the Ether Dome on 16 October 1846. After Morton administered the ether, surgeon John Collins Warren removed a portion of a tumor from Abbott's neck. After Warren had finished, and Abbott regained consciousness, Warren asked the patient how he felt. Reportedly, Abbott said, \"Feels as if my neck's been scratched.\" Warren then turned to his medical audience and uttered \"Gentlemen, this is no Humbug.\" This was presumably a reference to the unsuccessful demonstration of nitrous oxide anesthesia by Horace Wells in the same theater the previous year, which was ended by cries of \"Humbug!\" after the patient groaned with pain.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "2014 Texas gubernatorial election",
"paragraph_text": "The election took place between nominees who were selected on March 4, 2014: Republican State Attorney General Greg Abbott and Democratic State Senator Wendy Davis. Also on the ballot were Libertarian Party candidate Kathie Glass and Green Party candidate Brandon Parmer. Abbott was projected to carry the election, and ultimately won handily with a 20 percentage point advantage. Exit polls showed Abbott winning Whites (72% to 25%), while Davis received majorities among African Americans (92% to 7%) and Hispanics (55% to 44%).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "List of The Young and the Restless characters (2012)",
"paragraph_text": "Johnny Abbott The Young and the Restless character Portrayed by Holden and Ryan Hare Duration 2012 -- First appearance April 9, 2012 Created by Maria Arena Bell Hogan Sheffer Scott Hamner Profile Other names John Abbott IV Residence Genoa City, Wisconsin (show) Family Family Abbott, Newman Father Billy Abbott Mother Chelsea Lawson Adoptive mother Victoria Newman Half - brothers Connor Newman Reed Hellstrom (adoptive) Half - sisters Eve Nicole Howard (adoptive) Delia Abbott Katie Newman Grandfathers John Abbott Jeffrey Bardwell Victor Newman (adoptive) Grandmothers Jill Abbott Anita Lawson Nikki Newman (adoptive) Uncles Jack Abbott Phillip Chancellor III Nicholas Newman (adoptive) Dylan McAvoy (adoptive) John Abbott III (adoptive) Adam Newman (adoptive) Aunts Traci Abbott Connelly Abby Newman (adoptive) First cousins Keemo Volien Abbott Kyle Abbott Chance Chancellor Colleen Carlton Noah Newman (adoptive) Connor Newman (adoptive) Cassie Newman (adoptive) Summer Newman (adoptive) Faith Newman (adoptive) Christian Newman (adoptive)",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Eric Stryker",
"paragraph_text": "Michael Skrzypcak (September 24, 1954 – February 19, 1988) best known by his stage name Eric Stryker, was an American gay pornographic performer and model. He was known for his handsome blond features and his muscular physique. He also performed as Noel Kemp for Colt Studio, Mike Kelly, Mike Saunders and, Michael John Saunders.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Billy Abbott",
"paragraph_text": "Billy Abbott is a fictional character from The Young and the Restless, an American soap opera on the CBS network. Created by William J. Bell as the son of John Abbott (Jerry Douglas) and Jill Abbott (Jess Walton), the character is currently portrayed by Jason Thompson. He was born onscreen during the episode airing on July 7, 1993. For the character's first six - year period, he appeared as a minor, portrayed by various child actors. In 1999, David Tom began portraying Billy as a teenager. Tom was acclaimed for his portrayal, winning a Daytime Emmy Award in 2000.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
When did the organization that employed Major-General Saunders Alexius Abbott end?
|
[
{
"id": 665127,
"question": "Saunders Alexius Abbott >> employer",
"answer": "East India Company",
"paragraph_support_idx": 5
},
{
"id": 45004,
"question": "when did the dutch #1 end",
"answer": "1799",
"paragraph_support_idx": 2
}
] |
1799
|
[] | true |
2hop__6100_78772
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Saint Helena",
"paragraph_text": "The national bird of Saint Helena is the Saint Helena plover, known locally as the wirebird. It appears on the coat of arms of Saint Helena and on the flag.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Saint Helena",
"paragraph_text": "The ship RMS Saint Helena runs between St Helena and Cape Town on a 5-day voyage, also visiting Ascension Island and Walvis Bay, and occasionally voyaging north to Tenerife and Portland, UK. It berths in James Bay, St Helena approximately thirty times per year. The RMS Saint Helena was due for decommissioning in 2010. However, its service life has been extended indefinitely until the airport is completed.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "George Middlemore",
"paragraph_text": "General George Middlemore (died 18 November 1850, Tunbridge Wells) was a British Army officer and the first Governor of Saint Helena.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Saint Helena",
"paragraph_text": "Saint Helena (/ˌseɪnt həˈliːnə/ SAYNT-hə-LEE-nə) is a volcanic tropical island in the South Atlantic Ocean, 4,000 kilometres (2,500 mi) east of Rio de Janeiro and 1,950 kilometres (1,210 mi) west of the Cunene River, which marks the border between Namibia and Angola in southwestern Africa. It is part of the British Overseas Territory of Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha. Saint Helena measures about 16 by 8 kilometres (10 by 5 mi) and has a population of 4,255 (2008 census). It was named after Saint Helena of Constantinople.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Saint Helena",
"paragraph_text": "After Napoleon's death, the thousands of temporary visitors were soon withdrawn and the East India Company resumed full control of Saint Helena. Between 1815 and 1830, the EIC made available to the government of the island the packet schooner St Helena, which made multiple trips per year between the island and the Cape carrying passengers both ways, and supplies of wine and provisions back to the island.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Mahalwari",
"paragraph_text": "The Mahalwari system (Hindi: महलवारी) was a revenue collection system that was introduced by Holt Mackenzie in 1822 in British India. It was one of the three major land tenure systems implemented by the British in India. The other two systems were the Permanent Settlement of Bengal in 1793 and the Ryotwari system in 1820.it covered the States of Punjab, Awadh and Agra, parts of Orissa and Madhya Pradesh. During the 1800s, the British tried to establish their control over the administrative machinery of India. The System of Land Revenue acted as a chief source of income of the British. Land was one of the most important source of income for the British. Thus, they used land to control the entire Revenue system, strengthening their economic condition in India.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "East India Company",
"paragraph_text": "The company received a Royal Charter from Queen Elizabeth I on 31 December 1600, making it the oldest among several similarly formed European East India Companies. Wealthy merchants and aristocrats owned the company's shares. Initially the government owned no shares and had only indirect control.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Saint Helena",
"paragraph_text": "Throughout this period, Saint Helena was an important port of call of the East India Company. East Indiamen would stop there on the return leg of their voyages to British India and China. At Saint Helena ships could replenish supplies of water and provisions, and during war time, form convoys that would sail under the protection of vessels of the Royal Navy. Captain James Cook's vessel HMS Endeavour anchored and resupplied off the coast of St Helena in May 1771, on her return from the European discovery of the east coast of Australia and rediscovery of New Zealand.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Saint Helena",
"paragraph_text": "Today Saint Helena has its own currency, the Saint Helena pound, which is at parity with the pound sterling. The government of Saint Helena produces its own coinage and banknotes. The Bank of Saint Helena was established on Saint Helena and Ascension Island in 2004. It has branches in Jamestown on Saint Helena, and Georgetown, Ascension Island and it took over the business of the St. Helena government savings bank and Ascension Island Savings Bank.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Saint Helena",
"paragraph_text": "Under the provisions of the 1833 India Act, control of Saint Helena was passed from the East India Company to the British Crown, becoming a crown colony. Subsequent administrative cost-cutting triggered the start of a long-term population decline whereby those who could afford to do so tended to leave the island for better opportunities elsewhere. The latter half of the 19th century saw the advent of steam ships not reliant on trade winds, as well as the diversion of Far East trade away from the traditional South Atlantic shipping lanes to a route via the Red Sea (which, prior to the building of the Suez Canal, involved a short overland section). These factors contributed to a decline in the number of ships calling at the island from 1,100 in 1855 to only 288 in 1889.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Saint Helena Island National Scenic Area",
"paragraph_text": "Saint Helena Island National Scenic Area is a federally designated National Scenic Area within the Hiawatha National Forest in the US state of Michigan. The scenic area is administered by the U.S. Forest Service. It is contains all of Saint Helena Island, excluding the St. Helena Island Light. The Hiawatha National Forest was extended to encompass the island, which was acquired when existing property owners placed the land for sale.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Saint Helena",
"paragraph_text": "St Helena Online is a not-for-profit internet news service run from the UK by a former print and BBC journalist, working in partnership with Saint FM and the St Helena Independent.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Colonial India",
"paragraph_text": "The British had direct or indirect control over all of present - day India before the middle of the 19th century. In 1857, a local rebellion by an army of sepoys escalated into the Rebellion of 1857, which took six months to suppress with heavy loss of life on both sides, although the loss of British lives is in the range of a few thousand, the loss on the Indian side was in the hundreds of thousands. The trigger for the Rebellion has been a subject of controversy. The resistance, although short - lived, was triggered by British East India Company attempts to expand its control of India. According to Olson, several reasons may have triggered the Rebellion. For example, Olson concludes that the East India Company's attempt to annexe and expand its direct control of India, by arbitrary laws such as Doctrine of Lapse, combined with employment discrimination against Indians, contributed to the 1857 Rebellion. The East India Company officers lived like princes, the company finances were in shambles, and the company's effectiveness in India was examined by the British crown after 1858. As a result, the East India Company lost its powers of government and British India formally came under direct British rule, with an appointed Governor - General of India. The East India Company was dissolved the following year in 1858. A few years later, Queen Victoria took the title of Empress of India.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Saint Helena",
"paragraph_text": "There are scouting and guiding groups on Saint Helena and Ascension Island. Scouting was established on Saint Helena island in 1912. Lord and Lady Baden-Powell visited the Scouts on Saint Helena on the return from their 1937 tour of Africa. The visit is described in Lord Baden-Powell's book entitled African Adventures.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Company rule in India",
"paragraph_text": "The East India Company was a private company owned by stockholders and reporting to a board of directors in London. Originally formed as a monopoly on trade, it increasingly took on governmental powers with its own army and judiciary. It seldom turned a profit, as employees diverted funds into their own pockets. The British government had little control, and there was increasing anger at the corruption and irresponsibility of Company officials or ``nabobs ''who made vast fortunes in a few years. Pitt's India Act of 1784 gave the British government effective control of the private company for the first time. The new policies were designed for an elite civil service career that minimized temptations for corruption. Increasingly Company officials lived in separate compounds according to British standards. The Company's rule lasted until 1858, when, after the Indian rebellion of 1857, it was abolished. With the Government of India Act 1858, the British government assumed the task of directly administering India in the new British Raj.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Saint Helena",
"paragraph_text": "The British Nationality Act 1981 reclassified Saint Helena and the other Crown colonies as British Dependent Territories. The islanders lost their right of abode in Britain. For the next 20 years, many could find only low-paid work with the island government, and the only available employment outside Saint Helena was on the Falkland Islands and Ascension Island. The Development and Economic Planning Department, which still operates, was formed in 1988 to contribute to raising the living standards of the people of Saint Helena.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "British Empire",
"paragraph_text": "During the late 18th and early 19th centuries the British Crown began to assume an increasingly large role in the affairs of the Company. A series of Acts of Parliament were passed, including the Regulating Act of 1773, Pitt's India Act of 1784 and the Charter Act of 1813 which regulated the Company's affairs and established the sovereignty of the Crown over the territories that it had acquired. The Company's eventual end was precipitated by the Indian Rebellion, a conflict that had begun with the mutiny of sepoys, Indian troops under British officers and discipline. The rebellion took six months to suppress, with heavy loss of life on both sides. The following year the British government dissolved the Company and assumed direct control over India through the Government of India Act 1858, establishing the British Raj, where an appointed governor-general administered India and Queen Victoria was crowned the Empress of India. India became the empire's most valuable possession, \"the Jewel in the Crown\", and was the most important source of Britain's strength.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Pound sterling",
"paragraph_text": "The British Crown dependencies of Guernsey and Jersey produce their own local issues of sterling: the ``Guernsey pound ''and the`` Jersey pound''. The pound sterling is also used in the Isle of Man (alongside the Manx pound), Gibraltar (alongside the Gibraltar pound), the Falkland Islands (alongside the Falkland Islands pound), Saint Helena and Ascension Island in Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha (alongside the Saint Helena pound). The Bank of England is the central bank for the pound sterling, issuing its own coins and banknotes, and regulating issuance of banknotes by private banks in Scotland and Northern Ireland. Banknotes issued by other jurisdictions are not regulated by the Bank of England; local governments use Bank of England notes as backing for local issuance by allowing them to be exchanged 1: 1 at face value.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Femina Miss India",
"paragraph_text": "In 1994, Sushmita Sen won the Miss Universe title after winning the Miss India crown and became the first Indian woman ever to win the Miss Universe crown. The same year the runner - up of Miss India, Aishwarya Rai, won the Miss World title. Sushmita Sen and Aishwarya Rai established themselves in the Bollywood industry after winning their titles.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Saint Helena",
"paragraph_text": "In 1821, Saul Solomon issued a 70,560 copper tokens worth a halfpenny each Payable at St Helena by Solomon, Dickson and Taylor – presumably London partners – that circulated alongside the East India Company's local coinage until the Crown took over the island in 1836. The coin remains readily available to collectors.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
When was the company that turned over control of Saint Helena to the British Crown established?
|
[
{
"id": 6100,
"question": "Who turned over control of Saint Helena to the British Crown?",
"answer": "East India Company",
"paragraph_support_idx": 9
},
{
"id": 78772,
"question": "when was #1 established in india",
"answer": "31 December 1600",
"paragraph_support_idx": 6
}
] |
31 December 1600
|
[] | true |
2hop__6078_66282
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "East India Company",
"paragraph_text": "The company received a Royal Charter from Queen Elizabeth I on 31 December 1600, making it the oldest among several similarly formed European East India Companies. Wealthy merchants and aristocrats owned the company's shares. Initially the government owned no shares and had only indirect control.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "French colonization of the Americas",
"paragraph_text": "The French colonization of the Americas began in the 16th century, and continued on into the following centuries as France established a colonial empire in the Western Hemisphere. France founded colonies in much of eastern North America, on a number of Caribbean islands, and in South America. Most colonies were developed to export products such as fish, rice, sugar, and furs.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Roosevelt Island Bridge",
"paragraph_text": "The Roosevelt Island Bridge is a vertical lift bridge that connects Roosevelt Island in Manhattan to Astoria in Queens, crossing the East Channel of the East River. It is the sole route to the island for vehicular and foot traffic (without using public transportation).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Biertan fortified church",
"paragraph_text": "The Biertan fortified church (; ) is a Lutheran fortified church in Biertan (\"Birthälm\"), Sibiu County, in the Transylvania region of Romania. It was built by the ethnic German Transylvanian Saxon community at a time when the area belonged to the Kingdom of Hungary. Briefly Roman Catholic, it became Lutheran following the Reformation. Together with the surrounding village, the church forms part of the villages with fortified churches in Transylvania UNESCO World Heritage Site.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Conquest of the Canary Islands",
"paragraph_text": "The conquest took place between 1402 and 1496. It was not an easy task, militarily, given the resistance of the Guanche aboriginals in some islands. Nor was it easy politically, given the conflicting interests of the nobility (bent on fortifying their economic and political power) and the state, particularly Castile, with an interest in reinforcing its own power in competition with the nobles.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Cyprus",
"paragraph_text": "Following the death in 1473 of James II, the last Lusignan king, the Republic of Venice assumed control of the island, while the late king's Venetian widow, Queen Catherine Cornaro, reigned as figurehead. Venice formally annexed the Kingdom of Cyprus in 1489, following the abdication of Catherine. The Venetians fortified Nicosia by building the Venetian Walls, and used it as an important commercial hub. Throughout Venetian rule, the Ottoman Empire frequently raided Cyprus. In 1539 the Ottomans destroyed Limassol and so fearing the worst, the Venetians also fortified Famagusta and Kyrenia.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "History of the west coast of North America",
"paragraph_text": "Explorers flying the flag of Spain reached the New World beginning in 1492 with the discovery of America by Christopher Columbus. Spanish expeditions colonized and explored vast areas in North and South America following the grants of the Pope (contained in the 1493 papal bull Inter caetera) and rights contained in the 1494 Treaty of Tordesillas and 1529 Treaty of Zaragoza. These formal acts gave Spain the exclusive rights to colonize the entire Western Hemisphere (excluding eastern Brazil), including all of the west coast of North America. The first European expedition to actually reach the west coast was led by the Spaniard Vasco Núñez de Balboa, who reached the Pacific coast of Panama in 1513. In an act of enduring historical importance, Balboa claimed the Pacific Ocean for the Spanish Crown, as well as all adjoining land and islands. This act gave Spain exclusive sovereignty and navigation rights over the entire west coast of North America.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "History of Ukraine",
"paragraph_text": "Most of Ukraine fell to the Russian Empire under the reign of Catherine the Great; in 1793 right - bank Ukraine was annexed by Russia in the Second Partition of Poland.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Marie-Hélène Lefaucheux",
"paragraph_text": "Marie-Hélène Lefaucheux (26 February 1904 – 25 February 1964) was a French women's and human rights activist. During World War II, she was a member of the French Resistance and orchestrated her husband's release from Buchenwald concentration camp after he was captured by the Gestapo. She was the sole woman in the French delegation to the first General Assembly of the United Nations. Lefaucheux helped found the UN's Commission on the Status of Women and was its chair from 1948 to 1953.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Saschiz fortified church",
"paragraph_text": "The Saschiz fortified church (; ) is a Lutheran fortified church in Saschiz (\"Keisd\"), Mureș County, in the Transylvania region of Romania. It was built by the ethnic German Transylvanian Saxon community at a time when the area belonged to the Kingdom of Hungary. Initially Roman Catholic, it became Lutheran following the Reformation. Together with the surrounding village, the church forms part of the villages with fortified churches in Transylvania UNESCO World Heritage Site.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Pōmare Dynasty",
"paragraph_text": "The Pōmare Dynasty was the reigning family of the Kingdom of Tahiti between the unification of the island by Pōmare I in 1788 and Pōmare V's cession of the kingdom to France in 1880. Their influence once spanned most of the Society Islands, the Austral Islands and the Tuamotu Archipelago.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Westminster Abbey",
"paragraph_text": "According to a tradition first reported by Sulcard in about 1080, a church was founded at the site (then known as Thorn Ey (Thorn Island)) in the 7th century, at the time of Mellitus, a Bishop of London. Construction of the present church began in 1245, on the orders of King Henry III.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Sid Meier's Colonization",
"paragraph_text": "Sid Meier's Colonization is a computer game by Brian Reynolds and Sid Meier released by MicroProse in 1994. It is a turn-based strategy game themed on the early European colonization of the New World, starting in 1492 and lasting until 1850. It was originally released for DOS, and later ported to Windows 3.1 (1995), the Amiga (1995), and Macintosh (1995). American video game publisher Tommo purchased the rights to this game in 2015 and digitally published it through their Retroism brand.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Ferchar mac Connaid",
"paragraph_text": "He was a son of Connad Cerr and thus probably a member of the Cenél Comgaill, although some older reconstructions make him a member of the Cenél nGabráin. His death appears in the Annals of Ulster for 694 along with a number of other entries which appear to be misplaced by 45 years. The Duan Albanach grants him a reign of 16 years, which may mean that he ruled jointly with Domnall Brecc before becoming sole king, but the reign lengths of the Duan are problematic and this may be an error.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Saint Helena",
"paragraph_text": "The Dutch Republic formally made claim to Saint Helena in 1633, although there is no evidence that they ever occupied, colonised or fortified it. By 1651, the Dutch had mainly abandoned the island in favour of their colony at the Cape of Good Hope.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Saint Helena",
"paragraph_text": "In 1657, Oliver Cromwell granted the English East India Company a charter to govern Saint Helena and the following year the company decided to fortify the island and colonise it with planters. The first governor, Captain John Dutton, arrived in 1659, making Saint Helena one of Britain's oldest colonies outside North America and the Caribbean. A fort and houses were built. After the Restoration of the English monarchy in 1660, the East India Company received a royal charter giving it the sole right to fortify and colonise the island. The fort was renamed James Fort and the town Jamestown, in honour of the Duke of York, later James II of England.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Palace of Westminster",
"paragraph_text": "The Palace of Westminster site was strategically important during the Middle Ages, as it was located on the banks of the River Thames. Known in medieval times as Thorney Island, the site may have been first-used for a royal residence by Canute the Great during his reign from 1016 to 1035. St Edward the Confessor, the penultimate Anglo-Saxon monarch of England, built a royal palace on Thorney Island just west of the City of London at about the same time as he built Westminster Abbey (1045–1050). Thorney Island and the surrounding area soon became known as Westminster (a contraction of the words West Minster). Neither the buildings used by the Anglo-Saxons nor those used by William I survive. The oldest existing part of the Palace (Westminster Hall) dates from the reign of William I's successor, King William II.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Cozumel fox",
"paragraph_text": "The Cozumel fox is a undescribed species of fox in the genus \"Urocyon\", which is apparently close to extinction or already extinct. It is (or was until recently) found on the island of Cozumel, Mexico. The last reported sighting was in 2001, but surveys focusing on this species have not yet been carried out. The Cozumel fox, which has not been scientifically described to date, is a dwarf form like the island fox but slightly larger, being up to three-quarters the size of the gray fox. It had been isolated on the island for at least 5,000 years, and probably far longer. This would indicate that the colonization of the island of Cozumel by \"Urocyon\" predates that of humans.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Santo Domingo",
"paragraph_text": "Dating from 1496, when the Spanish settled on the island, and officially from 5 August 1498, Santo Domingo became the oldest European city in the Americas. Bartholomew Columbus founded the settlement and named it La Nueva Isabela, after an earlier settlement in the north named after the Queen of Spain Isabella I. In 1495 it was renamed ``Santo Domingo '', in honor of Saint Dominic. Santo Domingo came to be known as the`` Gateway to the Caribbean'' and the chief town in Hispaniola from then on. Expeditions which led to Ponce de León's colonization of Puerto Rico, Diego Velázquez de Cuéllar's colonization of Cuba, Hernando Cortes' conquest of Mexico, and Vasco Núñez de Balboa's sighting of the Pacific Ocean were all launched from Santo Domingo.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Marshall Islands",
"paragraph_text": "The Compact of Free Association with the United States gives the U.S. sole responsibility for international defense of the Marshall Islands. It allows islanders to live and work in the United States and establishes economic and technical aid programs.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
During the reign of which monarch, was the company who had the sole right to fortify and colonize Saint Helena, founded in London?
|
[
{
"id": 6078,
"question": "Who had the sole right to fortify and colonize the island?",
"answer": "East India Company",
"paragraph_support_idx": 15
},
{
"id": 66282,
"question": "#1 founded in london during the reign of",
"answer": "Queen Elizabeth I",
"paragraph_support_idx": 0
}
] |
Queen Elizabeth I
|
[] | true |
2hop__6092_78772
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Goffredo Lombardo",
"paragraph_text": "Goffredo Lombardo (15 May 1920 – 2 February 2005) was an Italian film producer. He was the son of the producer Gustavo Lombardo and took over control of the company Titanus after his father's death in 1951.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "British Empire",
"paragraph_text": "During the late 18th and early 19th centuries the British Crown began to assume an increasingly large role in the affairs of the Company. A series of Acts of Parliament were passed, including the Regulating Act of 1773, Pitt's India Act of 1784 and the Charter Act of 1813 which regulated the Company's affairs and established the sovereignty of the Crown over the territories that it had acquired. The Company's eventual end was precipitated by the Indian Rebellion, a conflict that had begun with the mutiny of sepoys, Indian troops under British officers and discipline. The rebellion took six months to suppress, with heavy loss of life on both sides. The following year the British government dissolved the Company and assumed direct control over India through the Government of India Act 1858, establishing the British Raj, where an appointed governor-general administered India and Queen Victoria was crowned the Empress of India. India became the empire's most valuable possession, \"the Jewel in the Crown\", and was the most important source of Britain's strength.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Alagappa Chettiar College of Engineering and Technology",
"paragraph_text": "Alagappa Chettiar Government College of Engineering and Technology (ACGCET-Karaikudi) is an autonomous (with effect from 2009) college of engineering in Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu, India. Established in 1952, it is under the control of the government of the State. The college is a member institute under the TEQIP - Technical Education Quality Improvement Programme in India (11 colleges were selected from Tamil Nadu).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Tripartite Struggle",
"paragraph_text": "The Tripartite Struggle for control of northern India took place in the ninth century. The struggle was between the Pratihara Empire, the Pala Empire and the Rashtrakuta Empire.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Cell Biochemistry & Function",
"paragraph_text": "Cell Biochemistry & Function is a peer-reviewed scientific journal published by Wiley-Blackwell. Its 2010 impact factor is 1.651. The journal was established in 1983 and the full archive is available online. The journal covers research on the molecular and biochemical mechanisms controlling cellular activity.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Kargil War",
"paragraph_text": "The Indian army launched its final attacks in the last week of July; as soon as the Drass subsector had been cleared of Pakistani forces, the fighting ceased on 26 July. The day has since been marked as Kargil Vijay Diwas (Kargil Victory Day) in India. By the end of the war, Pakistan had to withdraw under international pressure and due to pressure from continued fighting at battle front and left India in control of all territory south and east of the Line of Control, as was established in July 1972 as per the Simla Agreement.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "History of India",
"paragraph_text": "The Indian rebellion of 1857 was a large-scale rebellion by soldiers employed by the British East India in northern and central India against the Company's rule. The rebels were disorganized, had differing goals, and were poorly equipped, led, and trained, and had no outside support or funding. They were brutally suppressed and the British government took control of the Company and eliminated many of the grievances that caused it. The government also was determined to keep full control so that no rebellion of such size would ever happen again.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Napoleon",
"paragraph_text": "After returning from Egypt, Napoleon engineered a coup in November 1799 and became First Consul of the Republic. Another victory over the Austrians at the Battle of Marengo in 1800 secured his political power. With the Concordat of 1801, Napoleon restored the religious privileges of the Catholic Church while keeping the lands seized by the Revolution. The state continued to nominate the bishops and to control church finances. He extended his political control over France until the Senate declared him Emperor of the French in 1804, launching the French Empire. Intractable differences with the British meant that the French were facing a Third Coalition by 1805. Napoleon shattered this coalition with decisive victories in the Ulm Campaign and a historic triumph at the Battle of Austerlitz, which led to the elimination of the Holy Roman Empire. In October 1805, however, a Franco-Spanish fleet was destroyed at the Battle of Trafalgar, allowing Britain to impose a naval blockade of the French coasts. In retaliation, Napoleon established the Continental System in 1806 to cut off continental trade with Britain. The Fourth Coalition took up arms against him the same year because Prussia became worried about growing French influence on the continent. Napoleon knocked out Prussia at the battles of Jena and Auerstedt, then turned his attention towards the Russians and annihilated them in June 1807 at Friedland, which forced the Russians to accept the Treaties of Tilsit.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Napoleon",
"paragraph_text": "The Russian army withdrew and retreated past Moscow. Napoleon entered the city, assuming its fall would end the war and Alexander would negotiate peace. However, on orders of the city's governor Feodor Rostopchin, rather than capitulation, Moscow was burned. After five weeks, Napoleon and his army left. In early November Napoleon got concerned about loss of control back in France after the Malet coup of 1812. His army walked through snow up to their knees and nearly 10,000 men and horses froze to death on the night of 8/9 November alone. After Battle of Berezina Napoleon succeeded to escape but had to abandon much of the remaining artillery and baggage train. On 5 December, shortly before arriving in Vilnius, Napoleon left the army in a sledge.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "K. P. Prabhakaran",
"paragraph_text": "K. P. Prabhakaran (died 11 August 2009) was a communist politician and trade unionist from Kerala, India. He was a senior leader of the Communist Party of India, served as Health Minister of Kerala for one period. At the time of his death, he was the chairman of the State Control Commission of CPI.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Alps",
"paragraph_text": "During the Napoleonic Wars in the late 18th century and early 19th century, Napoleon annexed territory formerly controlled by the Habsburgs and Savoys. In 1798 he established the Helvetic Republic in Switzerland; two years later he led an army across the St. Bernard pass and conquered almost all of the Alpine regions.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Saint Helena",
"paragraph_text": "Owing to Napoleon's praise of Saint Helena’s coffee during his exile on the island, the product enjoyed a brief popularity in Paris in the years after his death.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Palermo",
"paragraph_text": "The Muslims took control of the Island in 904, after decades of fierce fighting, and the Emirate of Sicily was established. Muslim rule on the island lasted for about 120 years and was marked by cruelty and brutality against the native population, which was reduced into near slavery[clarification needed] and Christian churches across the island were all completely destroyed.[page needed] Palermo (Balarm during Arab rule) displaced Syracuse as the capital city of Sicily. It was said to have then begun to compete with Córdoba and Cairo in terms of importance and splendor. For more than one hundred years Palermo was the capital of a flourishing emirate. The Arabs also introduced many agricultural crops which remain a mainstay of Sicilian cuisine.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Colonial India",
"paragraph_text": "The British had direct or indirect control over all of present - day India before the middle of the 19th century. In 1857, a local rebellion by an army of sepoys escalated into the Rebellion of 1857, which took six months to suppress with heavy loss of life on both sides, although the loss of British lives is in the range of a few thousand, the loss on the Indian side was in the hundreds of thousands. The trigger for the Rebellion has been a subject of controversy. The resistance, although short - lived, was triggered by British East India Company attempts to expand its control of India. According to Olson, several reasons may have triggered the Rebellion. For example, Olson concludes that the East India Company's attempt to annexe and expand its direct control of India, by arbitrary laws such as Doctrine of Lapse, combined with employment discrimination against Indians, contributed to the 1857 Rebellion. The East India Company officers lived like princes, the company finances were in shambles, and the company's effectiveness in India was examined by the British crown after 1858. As a result, the East India Company lost its powers of government and British India formally came under direct British rule, with an appointed Governor - General of India. The East India Company was dissolved the following year in 1858. A few years later, Queen Victoria took the title of Empress of India.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Saint Helena",
"paragraph_text": "After Napoleon's death, the thousands of temporary visitors were soon withdrawn and the East India Company resumed full control of Saint Helena. Between 1815 and 1830, the EIC made available to the government of the island the packet schooner St Helena, which made multiple trips per year between the island and the Cape carrying passengers both ways, and supplies of wine and provisions back to the island.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Tenneti Viswanadham",
"paragraph_text": "Tenneti Viswanadham (1896–1979) was a political figure from Visakhapatnam, on the east coast of India. He took an active part in India's struggle for independence. He is remembered now for his role in the establishment of a modern and shore-based steel plant at Visakhapatnam.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "East India Company",
"paragraph_text": "The company received a Royal Charter from Queen Elizabeth I on 31 December 1600, making it the oldest among several similarly formed European East India Companies. Wealthy merchants and aristocrats owned the company's shares. Initially the government owned no shares and had only indirect control.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Saint Helena",
"paragraph_text": "In 1815, the British government selected Saint Helena as the place of detention of Napoleon Bonaparte. He was taken to the island in October 1815. Napoleon stayed at the Briars pavilion on the grounds of the Balcombe family's home until his permanent residence, Longwood House, was completed in December 1815. Napoleon died there on 5 May 1821.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Guam",
"paragraph_text": "The United States took control of the island in the 1898 Spanish–American War, as part of the Treaty of Paris. Guam was transferred to U.S. Navy control on 23 December 1898 by Executive Order 108-A. Guam came to serve as a station for American ships traveling to and from the Philippines, while the Northern Mariana Islands passed to Germany, and then to Japan. A U.S. Navy yard was established at Piti in 1899, and a marine barracks at Sumay in 1901.:13 Following the Philippine–American War, Emilio Aguinaldo and Apolinario Mabini were exiled on Guam in 1901.:vi",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Mahalwari",
"paragraph_text": "The Mahalwari system (Hindi: महलवारी) was a revenue collection system that was introduced by Holt Mackenzie in 1822 in British India. It was one of the three major land tenure systems implemented by the British in India. The other two systems were the Permanent Settlement of Bengal in 1793 and the Ryotwari system in 1820.it covered the States of Punjab, Awadh and Agra, parts of Orissa and Madhya Pradesh. During the 1800s, the British tried to establish their control over the administrative machinery of India. The System of Land Revenue acted as a chief source of income of the British. Land was one of the most important source of income for the British. Thus, they used land to control the entire Revenue system, strengthening their economic condition in India.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
When was the company that took full control of Saint Helena after Napoleon's death, established in India?
|
[
{
"id": 6092,
"question": "Who took full control of the island after Napoleon's death?",
"answer": "East India Company",
"paragraph_support_idx": 14
},
{
"id": 78772,
"question": "when was #1 established in india",
"answer": "31 December 1600",
"paragraph_support_idx": 16
}
] |
31 December 1600
|
[] | true |
2hop__33494_47960
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Trinidad and Tobago Carnival",
"paragraph_text": "The Mas tradition started in the late 18th century with French plantation owners organizing masquerades (mas) and balls before enduring the fasting of Lent. The slaves, who could not take part in Carnival, formed their own, parallel celebration called ``Canboulay ''. Canboulay (from the French cannes brulées, meaning burnt cane) is a precursor to Trinidad and Tobago Carnival, and has played an important role in the development of the music of Trinidad and Tobago.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Mildred Archer",
"paragraph_text": "Mildred Archer OBE (28 December 1911 in London – 4 February 2005) was an English art historian who specialized in 18th- and 19th-century art in British India. She was curator of Prints and Drawings at the India Office Library and wrote extensively on the collection and studies on them.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Hyderabad",
"paragraph_text": "Heritage buildings constructed during the Qutb Shahi and Nizam eras showcase Indo-Islamic architecture influenced by Medieval, Mughal and European styles. After the 1908 flooding of the Musi River, the city was expanded and civic monuments constructed, particularly during the rule of Mir Osman Ali Khan (the VIIth Nizam), whose patronage of architecture led to him being referred to as the maker of modern Hyderabad. In 2012, the government of India declared Hyderabad the first \"Best heritage city of India\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "North African campaign",
"paragraph_text": "The campaign was fought between the Allies, many of whom had colonial interests in Africa dating from the late 19th century, and the Axis Powers. The Allied war effort was dominated by the British Commonwealth and exiles from German - occupied Europe. The United States officially entered the war in December 1941 and began direct military assistance in North Africa on 11 May 1942.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "East India Company",
"paragraph_text": "By 1803, at the height of its rule in India, the British East India company had a private army of about 260,000 -- twice the size of the British Army, with Indian revenues of £13,464,561, and expenses of £14,017,473. The company eventually came to rule large areas of India with its private armies, exercising military power and assuming administrative functions. Company rule in India effectively began in 1757 and lasted until 1858, when, following the Indian Rebellion of 1857, the Government of India Act 1858 led to the British Crown's assuming direct control of the Indian subcontinent in the form of the new British Raj.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Hotel de l'Orient",
"paragraph_text": "The Hotel de l’Orient is an 18th-century hotel in Puducherry, India. It was founded in 1664 by the Compagnie des Indes Orientales (French East India Company).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "British Empire",
"paragraph_text": "During the late 18th and early 19th centuries the British Crown began to assume an increasingly large role in the affairs of the Company. A series of Acts of Parliament were passed, including the Regulating Act of 1773, Pitt's India Act of 1784 and the Charter Act of 1813 which regulated the Company's affairs and established the sovereignty of the Crown over the territories that it had acquired. The Company's eventual end was precipitated by the Indian Rebellion, a conflict that had begun with the mutiny of sepoys, Indian troops under British officers and discipline. The rebellion took six months to suppress, with heavy loss of life on both sides. The following year the British government dissolved the Company and assumed direct control over India through the Government of India Act 1858, establishing the British Raj, where an appointed governor-general administered India and Queen Victoria was crowned the Empress of India. India became the empire's most valuable possession, \"the Jewel in the Crown\", and was the most important source of Britain's strength.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Rising Sun Inn",
"paragraph_text": "The Rising Sun Inn is a historic home in Anne Arundel County, Maryland, United States. It is a mid- and late-18th-century -story frame house. The earlier section dates to about 1753 and is covered with a gable roof and features a brick gable end. In the late 18th century, a frame, one-room gambrel roof wing was added to the northwest gable end of the house. Since 1916, it has been used as the headquarters of the Ann Arundel Chapter of the Daughters of the American Revolution.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Hyderabad",
"paragraph_text": "In 1769 Hyderabad city became the formal capital of the Nizams. In response to regular threats from Hyder Ali (Dalwai of Mysore), Baji Rao I (Peshwa of the Maratha Empire), and Basalath Jung (Asif Jah II's elder brother, who was supported by the Marquis de Bussy-Castelnau), the Nizam signed a subsidiary alliance with the East India Company in 1798, allowing the British Indian Army to occupy Bolarum (modern Secunderabad) to protect the state's borders, for which the Nizams paid an annual maintenance to the British.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Boston",
"paragraph_text": "In 1629, the Massachusetts Bay Colony's first governor, John Winthrop, led the signing of the Cambridge Agreement, a key founding document of the city. Puritan ethics and their focus on education influenced its early history; America's first public school was founded in Boston in 1635. Over the next 130 years, the city participated in four French and Indian Wars, until the British defeated the French and their native allies in North America. Boston was the largest town in British North America until Philadelphia grew larger in the mid 18th century.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "British Empire",
"paragraph_text": "During the middle decades of the 18th century, there were several outbreaks of military conflict on the Indian subcontinent, the Carnatic Wars, as the English East India Company (the Company) and its French counterpart, the Compagnie française des Indes orientales, struggled alongside local rulers to fill the vacuum that had been left by the decline of the Mughal Empire. The Battle of Plassey in 1757, in which the British, led by Robert Clive, defeated the Nawab of Bengal and his French allies, left the Company in control of Bengal and as the major military and political power in India. France was left control of its enclaves but with military restrictions and an obligation to support British client states, ending French hopes of controlling India. In the following decades the Company gradually increased the size of the territories under its control, either ruling directly or via local rulers under the threat of force from the British Indian Army, the vast majority of which was composed of Indian sepoys.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Fort Cornwallis",
"paragraph_text": "Fort Cornwallis is a bastion fort in George Town, Penang, Malaysia, built by the British East India Company in the late 18th century. Fort Cornwallis is the largest standing fort in Malaysia. The fort never engaged in combat during its operational history.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Raid on Groton",
"paragraph_text": "The Raid on Groton happened during King William's War, on July 18, 1694, at Groton, Massachusetts. This was one of numerous attacks against the settlement in the late 17th and early 18th centuries; the village was also raided in 1707 during Queen Anne's War. The French and their First Nations allies did a brisk trade in ransoming captives; some of the youngest captives were adopted by Mohawk families.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "British Empire",
"paragraph_text": "During the middle decades of the 18th century, there were several outbreaks of military conflict on the Indian subcontinent, the Carnatic Wars, as the English East India Company (often known simply as ``the Company '') and its French counterpart, the French East India Company (Compagnie française des Indes orientales), struggled alongside local rulers to fill the vacuum that had been left by the decline of the Mughal Empire. The Battle of Plassey in 1757, in which the British, led by Robert Clive, defeated the Nawab of Bengal and his French allies, left the British East India Company in control of Bengal and as the major military and political power in India. France was left control of its enclaves but with military restrictions and an obligation to support British client states, ending French hopes of controlling India. In the following decades the British East India Company gradually increased the size of the territories under its control, either ruling directly or via local rulers under the threat of force from the British Indian Army, the vast majority of which was composed of Indian sepoys.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Johann Friedrich Gleditsch",
"paragraph_text": "Johann Friedrich Gleditsch (15 August 1653 – 26 March 1716) was a major book publisher in the late 17th and early 18th centuries.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Wig",
"paragraph_text": "Among women in the French court of Versailles in the mid-to - late 18th century, large, elaborate and often themed wigs (such as the stereotypical ``boat poufs '') were in vogue for women. These combed - up hair extensions were often very heavy, weighted down with pomades, powders, and other ornamentation. In the late 18th century these coiffures (along with many other indulgences in court life) became symbolic of the decadence of the French nobility, and for that reason quickly became out of fashion from the beginning of the French Revolution in 1789.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "History of India",
"paragraph_text": "There were several other kingdoms which ruled over parts of India in the later medieval period prior to the British occupation. However, most of them were bound to pay regular tribute to the Marathas. The rule of Wodeyar dynasty which established the Kingdom of Mysore in southern India in around 1400 CE by was interrupted by Hyder Ali and his son Tipu Sultan in the later half of the 18th century. Under their rule, Mysore fought a series of wars sometimes against the combined forces of the British and Marathas, but mostly against the British, with Mysore receiving some aid or promise of aid from the French.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "John Rider House",
"paragraph_text": "The John Rider House is located on Main Street (CT 53) in Danbury, Connecticut, United States. It is a wooden frame house dating to the late 18th century.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Granby Center Historic District",
"paragraph_text": "The Granby Center Historic District is a predominantly residential historic district encompassing a portion of the village of Granby Center in Granby, Connecticut. The village developed in the 18th century as a farming center, and a now includes a variety of architectural styles from the late 18th to early 20th centuries. The district was listed on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) in 1985.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Anandamath",
"paragraph_text": "Anandamath (Bengali: আনন্দমঠ Anondomôţh; first English publication title: The Abbey of Bliss) is a Bengali fiction, written by Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay and published in 1882. Set in the background of the Sannyasi Rebellion in the late 18th century, it is considered one of the most important novels in the history of Bengali and Indian literature. Its importance is heightened by the fact that it became synonymous with the struggle for Indian independence from the British Empire. The novel was banned by the British. The ban was lifted later by the Government of India after independence.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
When did the company with whom the Nizam allied in the late 18th century take over india?
|
[
{
"id": 33494,
"question": "Whom did the Nizam ally with in the late 18th century?",
"answer": "East India Company",
"paragraph_support_idx": 8
},
{
"id": 47960,
"question": "when did the british #1 take over india",
"answer": "1757",
"paragraph_support_idx": 4
}
] |
1757
|
[] | true |
2hop__665127_66282
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Robichaud v Canada (Treasury Board)",
"paragraph_text": "Robichaud v Canada (Treasury Board), [1987] 2 S.C.R. 84 is a leading case decided by the Supreme Court of Canada on sexual harassment under the Canadian Human Rights Act. The Court found that a corporation can be found liable for the discriminatory conduct of its employees who are acting \"in the course of their employment.\" It also found it necessary to impose liability, as the employer is the only one that is in the position to remedy the discriminatory conduct.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "London",
"paragraph_text": "Along with professional services, media companies are concentrated in London and the media distribution industry is London's second most competitive sector. The BBC is a significant employer, while other broadcasters also have headquarters around the City. Many national newspapers are edited in London. London is a major retail centre and in 2010 had the highest non-food retail sales of any city in the world, with a total spend of around £64.2 billion. The Port of London is the second-largest in the United Kingdom, handling 45 million tonnes of cargo each year.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "East India Company",
"paragraph_text": "The company received a Royal Charter from Queen Elizabeth I on 31 December 1600, making it the oldest among several similarly formed European East India Companies. Wealthy merchants and aristocrats owned the company's shares. Initially the government owned no shares and had only indirect control.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Billy Abbott",
"paragraph_text": "Billy Abbott is a fictional character from The Young and the Restless, an American soap opera on the CBS network. Created by William J. Bell as the son of John Abbott (Jerry Douglas) and Jill Abbott (Jess Walton), the character is currently portrayed by Jason Thompson. He was born onscreen during the episode airing on July 7, 1993. For the character's first six - year period, he appeared as a minor, portrayed by various child actors. In 1999, David Tom began portraying Billy as a teenager. Tom was acclaimed for his portrayal, winning a Daytime Emmy Award in 2000.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Traci Abbott",
"paragraph_text": "Traci Abbott is a fictional character from the American CBS soap opera, The Young and the Restless. Created and introduced by William J. Bell, the role has been portrayed by Beth Maitland since 1982. Traci is the youngest daughter of John Abbott and Dina Mergeron.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "2014 Texas gubernatorial election",
"paragraph_text": "The election took place between nominees who were selected on March 4, 2014: Republican State Attorney General Greg Abbott and Democratic State Senator Wendy Davis. Also on the ballot were Libertarian Party candidate Kathie Glass and Green Party candidate Brandon Parmer. Abbott was projected to carry the election, and ultimately won handily with a 20 percentage point advantage. Exit polls showed Abbott winning Whites (72% to 25%), while Davis received majorities among African Americans (92% to 7%) and Hispanics (55% to 44%).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Mike Hinton",
"paragraph_text": "Michael David Hinton (May 4, 1956 – August 1, 2013) was an American guitarist, residing in the San Francisco Bay Area. During his career, he played with numerous bands, including Norton Buffalo and the Knockouts, High Noon, Merl Saunders & the Rainforest Band, to name a few. He appeared on several albums with the Rainforest Band and other Merl Saunders projects, including \"It's In The Air\", \"Fiesta Amazonica\", \"Still Having Fun\", \"Merl Saunders With His Funky Friends - Live\", and \"Still Groovin' \".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Princess Luise of Anhalt-Bernburg",
"paragraph_text": "As the daughter of Alexius Frederick Christian, Duke of Anhalt-Bernburg and his wife Marie Friederike of Hesse-Kassel, she was a Princess of Anhalt-Bernburg and member of the House of Ascania. By her 21 November 1817 marriage to Prince Frederick of Prussia she was a princess of Prussia.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Frank Borzage",
"paragraph_text": "In 1912, Frank Borzage found employment as an actor in Hollywood; he continued to work as an actor until 1917. His directorial debut came in 1915 with the film, \"The Pitch o' Chance\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "List of The Young and the Restless characters (2012)",
"paragraph_text": "Johnny Abbott The Young and the Restless character Portrayed by Holden and Ryan Hare Duration 2012 -- First appearance April 9, 2012 Created by Maria Arena Bell Hogan Sheffer Scott Hamner Profile Other names John Abbott IV Residence Genoa City, Wisconsin (show) Family Family Abbott, Newman Father Billy Abbott Mother Chelsea Lawson Adoptive mother Victoria Newman Half - brothers Connor Newman Reed Hellstrom (adoptive) Half - sisters Eve Nicole Howard (adoptive) Delia Abbott Katie Newman Grandfathers John Abbott Jeffrey Bardwell Victor Newman (adoptive) Grandmothers Jill Abbott Anita Lawson Nikki Newman (adoptive) Uncles Jack Abbott Phillip Chancellor III Nicholas Newman (adoptive) Dylan McAvoy (adoptive) John Abbott III (adoptive) Adam Newman (adoptive) Aunts Traci Abbott Connelly Abby Newman (adoptive) First cousins Keemo Volien Abbott Kyle Abbott Chance Chancellor Colleen Carlton Noah Newman (adoptive) Connor Newman (adoptive) Cassie Newman (adoptive) Summer Newman (adoptive) Faith Newman (adoptive) Christian Newman (adoptive)",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Eric Stryker",
"paragraph_text": "Michael Skrzypcak (September 24, 1954 – February 19, 1988) best known by his stage name Eric Stryker, was an American gay pornographic performer and model. He was known for his handsome blond features and his muscular physique. He also performed as Noel Kemp for Colt Studio, Mike Kelly, Mike Saunders and, Michael John Saunders.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Lucy Crane",
"paragraph_text": "Crane was born in Liverpool in 1842 as the daughter of the portrait and miniature painter Thomas Crane. Her elder brother Thomas and younger brother Walter both became noted artists. The Crane family moved from Liverpool to Torquay in 1845. Lucy then went to school in London, and in 1859 the family left Torquay for London. From an early age, Crane showed considerable taste and skill in drawing and coloring. Circumstances, however, turned her attention to general educational work and she found employment as a governess. She became an accomplished musician, and was not only distinguished for her delicacy of touch as an executant, but also for the classical refinement of her taste and her knowledge of the earlier Italian and English.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Marla Adams",
"paragraph_text": "Marla Adams (born August 28, 1938; Ocean City, New Jersey) is an American television actress, best known for her roles as Belle Clemens on The Secret Storm, from 1968 to 1974, and as Dina Abbott Mergeron on The Young and the Restless. As Belle Clemens, she was the show's reigning villainess for the last years of its run, stopping at almost nothing to destroy the life of the show's leading heroine, Amy Ames. Like Vicky and Dorian later on One Life to Live, the two rivals were at one time related through marriage. As Dina Abbott on The Young and the Restless from 1983 to 1986, in 1991 and again in 1996, she caused major disruptions in the lives of her three children and ex-husband John Abbott and his wife Jill. She reprised her role as Dina for three episodes on The Young and the Restless in 2008 when Katharine Chancellor was presumed dead. In May 2017, Adams returned to The Young and the Restless.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Saunders Alexius Abbott",
"paragraph_text": "Major-General Saunders Alexius Abbott (9 July 1811 – 7 February 1894) was an army officer in the British East India Company.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Wilson Ruffin Abbott",
"paragraph_text": "Wilson Ruffin Abbott (1801–1876) was an American-born Black Canadian and successful businessman and landowner in Toronto, Ontario. He was the father of Anderson Ruffin Abbott, Canada's first Black physician.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Shake You Down",
"paragraph_text": "``Shake You Down ''is a song by American R&B artist, writer and producer Gregory Abbott. It was released in September 1986 as the lead single from his debut album. It became Abbott's biggest hit and was certified platinum by the RIAA. Abbott went on the chart with several other songs as well. The track is also featured in the 2007 film Are We Done Yet?",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "András Kállay-Saunders",
"paragraph_text": "András Kállay-Saunders was born in New York City, United States to Hungarian model Katalin Kállay and American soul-singer and producer Fernando Saunders. He is a descendant of the noble Kállay family from his maternal side.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Michael John Fles",
"paragraph_text": "Michael John Fles was born to a Dutch father, George Fles, and a British mother, Pearl Rimel. As conscious communists, his parents had moved to the Soviet Union, where his father fell victim to Joseph Stalin's Great Purge. The mother, pregnant with Michael John, left the Soviet Union to give birth in London. Mother and son later emigrated to the United States, where Pearl Rimel found employment in the aircraft industry. Michael John grew up in Los Angeles and Ojai, California, where he graduated from the Ojai Valley School in 1950.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Jerry Douglas (actor)",
"paragraph_text": "Jerry Douglas (born November 12, 1932) is an American television and film actor. For 25 years Jerry Douglas reigned in fictional Genoa City as patriarch John Abbott on the daytime television serial The Young and the Restless. In 2006, his character was killed off, however, he has made special appearances since then.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Universal Pictures",
"paragraph_text": "Universal could seldom afford its own stable of stars, and often borrowed talent from other studios, or hired freelance actors. In addition to Stewart and Dietrich, Margaret Sullavan, and Bing Crosby were two of the major names that made a couple of pictures for Universal during this period. Some stars came from radio, including Edgar Bergen, W. C. Fields, and the comedy team of Abbott and Costello (Bud Abbott and Lou Costello). Abbott and Costello's military comedy Buck Privates (1941) gave the former burlesque comedians a national and international profile.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
During the reign of which monarch, was the company that once employed Saunders Alexius Abbot founded in London?
|
[
{
"id": 665127,
"question": "Saunders Alexius Abbott >> employer",
"answer": "East India Company",
"paragraph_support_idx": 13
},
{
"id": 66282,
"question": "#1 founded in london during the reign of",
"answer": "Queen Elizabeth I",
"paragraph_support_idx": 2
}
] |
Queen Elizabeth I
|
[] | true |
2hop__6078_47960
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Lost in Space (2018 TV series)",
"paragraph_text": "Molly Parker as mission commander Maureen Robinson, an aerospace engineer taking her family on the mission to colonize Alpha Centauri in hopes of building a new life on a better world. Married to John Robinson, she is the biological mother of Judy, Penny, and Will Robinson.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Great Bengal famine of 1770",
"paragraph_text": "In the 17th century, the English East India Company had been given a grant of the town of Calcutta by the Mughal Prince Shah Shuja. At this time the Company was effectively another tributary power of the Mughal. During the following century, the company obtained sole trading rights for the province and went on to become the dominant power in Bengal. In 1757, at the Battle of Plassey, the British defeated the nawab Siraj Ud Daulah and plundered the Bengali treasury. In 1764 their military control was reaffirmed at Buxar. The subsequent treaty gained them the diwani, that is, taxation rights; the Company thereby became the de facto ruler of Bengal.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Saint Helena",
"paragraph_text": "The British Nationality Act 1981 reclassified Saint Helena and the other Crown colonies as British Dependent Territories. The islanders lost their right of abode in Britain. For the next 20 years, many could find only low-paid work with the island government, and the only available employment outside Saint Helena was on the Falkland Islands and Ascension Island. The Development and Economic Planning Department, which still operates, was formed in 1988 to contribute to raising the living standards of the people of Saint Helena.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Gola Dhoro",
"paragraph_text": "Gola Dhoro is an archaeological site belonging to Indus Valley Civilization, situated at the head of the Gulf of Kutch, near Bagasara in Kutch district of Gujarat, India. The site contains a small fortified area of approximately 50x50 m with living quarters and manufacturing sites both inside and outside this area.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Trinidad and Tobago",
"paragraph_text": "The island of Trinidad was a Spanish colony from the arrival of Christopher Columbus in 1498 until Spanish governor Don José María Chacón surrendered the island to a British fleet under the command of Sir Ralph Abercromby in 1797. During the same period, the island of Tobago changed hands among Spanish, British, French, Dutch and Courlander colonizers more times than any other island in the Caribbean. Trinidad and Tobago were ceded to Britain in 1802 under the Treaty of Amiens as separate states and unified in 1889. Trinidad and Tobago obtained independence in 1962 and became a republic in 1976.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Sid Meier's Colonization",
"paragraph_text": "Sid Meier's Colonization is a computer game by Brian Reynolds and Sid Meier released by MicroProse in 1994. It is a turn-based strategy game themed on the early European colonization of the New World, starting in 1492 and lasting until 1850. It was originally released for DOS, and later ported to Windows 3.1 (1995), the Amiga (1995), and Macintosh (1995). American video game publisher Tommo purchased the rights to this game in 2015 and digitally published it through their Retroism brand.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "History of India",
"paragraph_text": "The Nawab of Bengal Siraj Ud Daulah, the de facto ruler of the Bengal province, opposed British attempts to use these permits. This led to the Battle of Plassey on 23 June 1757, in which the Bengal Army of the East India Company, led by Robert Clive, defeated the French-supported Nawab's forces. This was the first real political foothold with territorial implications that the British acquired in India. Clive was appointed by the company as its first 'Governor of Bengal' in 1757. This was combined with British victories over the French at Madras, Wandiwash and Pondichéry that, along with wider British successes during the Seven Years' War, reduced French influence in India. The British East India Company extended its control over the whole of Bengal. After the Battle of Buxar in 1764, the company acquired the rights of administration in Bengal from de jure Mughal Emperor Shah Alam II; this marked the beginning of its formal rule, which within the next century engulfed most of India. The East India Company monopolized the trade of Bengal. They introduced a land taxation system called the Permanent Settlement which introduced a feudal-like structure in Bengal, often with zamindars set in place.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "History of the west coast of North America",
"paragraph_text": "Explorers flying the flag of Spain reached the New World beginning in 1492 with the discovery of America by Christopher Columbus. Spanish expeditions colonized and explored vast areas in North and South America following the grants of the Pope (contained in the 1493 papal bull Inter caetera) and rights contained in the 1494 Treaty of Tordesillas and 1529 Treaty of Zaragoza. These formal acts gave Spain the exclusive rights to colonize the entire Western Hemisphere (excluding eastern Brazil), including all of the west coast of North America. The first European expedition to actually reach the west coast was led by the Spaniard Vasco Núñez de Balboa, who reached the Pacific coast of Panama in 1513. In an act of enduring historical importance, Balboa claimed the Pacific Ocean for the Spanish Crown, as well as all adjoining land and islands. This act gave Spain exclusive sovereignty and navigation rights over the entire west coast of North America.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Lost in Space (2018 TV series)",
"paragraph_text": "Molly Parker as Maureen Robinson, a fearless and brilliant aerospace engineer taking her family on the mission to colonize Alpha Centauri for a new life on a better world. She is a mission commander. She is married to John Robinson and is the mother of three children.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Spanish West Indies",
"paragraph_text": "The islands that later became the Spanish West Indies were the focus of the voyages of the Spanish expedition of Christopher Columbus in America. Largely due to the familiarity that Spaniards gained from Columbus's voyages, the islands were also the first lands to be permanently colonized by Spanish in the Americas. The Spanish West Indies were also the most enduring part of Spain's American Empire, only being surrendered in 1898 at the end of the Spanish–American War. For over three centuries, Spain controlled a network of ports in the Caribbean including Havana (Cuba), San Juan (Puerto Rico), Cartagena de Indias (Colombia), Veracruz (Mexico), and Portobelo, Panama, which were connected by galleon routes.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Battle of Buxar",
"paragraph_text": "The Battle of Buxar was fought on 22 October 1764 between the forces under the command of the British East India Company led by Hector Munro and the combined armies of Mir Qasim, Nawab of Bengal till 1763; the Nawab of Awadh; and the Mughal Emperor Shah Alam II. The battle fought at Buxar, a ``small fortified town ''within the territory of Bengal, located on the banks of the Ganges river about 130 kilometres (81 mi) west of Patna, was a decisive victory for the British East India Company. Shuja - ud - Daulah and Shah Alam surrendered and the war came to an end by the`` Treaty of Allahabad'' in 1765.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Saint Helena",
"paragraph_text": "The Dutch Republic formally made claim to Saint Helena in 1633, although there is no evidence that they ever occupied, colonised or fortified it. By 1651, the Dutch had mainly abandoned the island in favour of their colony at the Cape of Good Hope.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Saint Helena",
"paragraph_text": "In 1657, Oliver Cromwell granted the English East India Company a charter to govern Saint Helena and the following year the company decided to fortify the island and colonise it with planters. The first governor, Captain John Dutton, arrived in 1659, making Saint Helena one of Britain's oldest colonies outside North America and the Caribbean. A fort and houses were built. After the Restoration of the English monarchy in 1660, the East India Company received a royal charter giving it the sole right to fortify and colonise the island. The fort was renamed James Fort and the town Jamestown, in honour of the Duke of York, later James II of England.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "British colonization of the Americas",
"paragraph_text": "The British colonization of the Americas (including colonization by both the English and the Scots) began in 1607 in Jamestown, Virginia, and reached its peak when colonies had been established throughout the Americas. The English, and later the British, were among the most important colonizers of the Americas, and their American empire came to rival the Spanish American colonies in military and economic might.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "1993 Cherbourg incident",
"paragraph_text": "The 1993 Cherbourg incident were a series of maritime incidents which took place from 26 March to 2 April 1993 between the British Royal Navy and French fishermen as a result of a fishing rights dispute in and around the Channel Islands waters.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Marshall Islands",
"paragraph_text": "The Compact of Free Association with the United States gives the U.S. sole responsibility for international defense of the Marshall Islands. It allows islanders to live and work in the United States and establishes economic and technical aid programs.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "East India Company",
"paragraph_text": "By 1803, at the height of its rule in India, the British East India company had a private army of about 260,000 -- twice the size of the British Army, with Indian revenues of £13,464,561, and expenses of £14,017,473. The company eventually came to rule large areas of India with its private armies, exercising military power and assuming administrative functions. Company rule in India effectively began in 1757 and lasted until 1858, when, following the Indian Rebellion of 1857, the Government of India Act 1858 led to the British Crown's assuming direct control of the Indian subcontinent in the form of the new British Raj.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Treaty of Waitangi",
"paragraph_text": "The Treaty was written at a time when British colonists were pressuring the Crown to establish a colony in New Zealand, and when some Māori leaders had petitioned the British for protection against French forces. It was drafted with the intention of establishing a British Governor of New Zealand, recognising Māori ownership of their lands, forests and other possessions, and giving Māori the rights of British subjects. It was intended to ensure that when the declaration of British sovereignty over New Zealand was made by Lieutenant Governor William Hobson in May 1840, the Māori people would not feel that their rights had been ignored. Once it had been written and translated, it was first signed by Northern Māori leaders at Waitangi, and subsequently copies of the Treaty were taken around New Zealand and over the following months many other chiefs signed. Around 530 to 540 Māori, at least 13 of them women, signed the Treaty of Waitangi, despite some Māori leaders cautioning against it. An immediate result of the Treaty was that Queen Victoria's government gained the sole right to purchase land. In total there are nine signed copies of the Treaty of Waitangi including the sheet signed on 6 February 1840 at Waitangi.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Cyprus",
"paragraph_text": "Following the death in 1473 of James II, the last Lusignan king, the Republic of Venice assumed control of the island, while the late king's Venetian widow, Queen Catherine Cornaro, reigned as figurehead. Venice formally annexed the Kingdom of Cyprus in 1489, following the abdication of Catherine. The Venetians fortified Nicosia by building the Venetian Walls, and used it as an important commercial hub. Throughout Venetian rule, the Ottoman Empire frequently raided Cyprus. In 1539 the Ottomans destroyed Limassol and so fearing the worst, the Venetians also fortified Famagusta and Kyrenia.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Israr Ali",
"paragraph_text": "Israr Ali (1 May 1927 – 1 February 2016) was a member of Pakistan's first Test team that played against India in India in 1952–53. Born in Jalandhar, British India, he played two Tests as a top order batsman in 1952–53 without success, then two more against the visiting Australians in 1959–60 as a lower order batsman and opening bowler, taking 6 wickets at 25.66, dismissing Les Favell four times.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
When did the British company that Cromwell granted the sole right to fortify and colonize St. Helena, take over India?
|
[
{
"id": 6078,
"question": "Who had the sole right to fortify and colonize the island?",
"answer": "East India Company",
"paragraph_support_idx": 12
},
{
"id": 47960,
"question": "when did the british #1 take over india",
"answer": "1757",
"paragraph_support_idx": 16
}
] |
1757
|
[] | true |
2hop__6100_45004
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Saint Helena",
"paragraph_text": "The national bird of Saint Helena is the Saint Helena plover, known locally as the wirebird. It appears on the coat of arms of Saint Helena and on the flag.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "France–United Kingdom relations",
"paragraph_text": "After escaping and briefly threatening to restore the French Empire, Napoleon was defeated by combined British, Prussian and Dutch forces at Battle of Waterloo in June 1815. With strong British support, the Bourbon monarchy was restored and Louis XVIII was crowned King of France. The Napoleonic era was the last occasion on which Britain and France went to war with each other, but by no means marked the end of the rivalry between the two nations. Despite his final defeat, Napoleon continues to be regarded as a national hero figure in France for his numerous victories over coalised monarchies.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "History of Trinidad and Tobago",
"paragraph_text": "The history of Trinidad and Tobago begins with the settlements of the islands by Amerindians, specifically the Island Carib and Arawak peoples. Both islands were explored by Christopher Columbus on his third voyage in 1498. Trinidad remained in Spanish hands until 1797, but it was largely settled by French colonists. Tobago changed hands between the British, French, Dutch, and Courlanders, but eventually ended up in British hands following the second Treaty of Paris (1814). In 1889 the two islands were incorporated into a single crown colony. Trinidad and Tobago obtained its independence from the British Empire in 1962 and became a republic in 1976.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Saint Helena",
"paragraph_text": "In 1815, the British government selected Saint Helena as the place of detention of Napoleon Bonaparte. He was taken to the island in October 1815. Napoleon stayed at the Briars pavilion on the grounds of the Balcombe family's home until his permanent residence, Longwood House, was completed in December 1815. Napoleon died there on 5 May 1821.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Saint Helena",
"paragraph_text": "The British Nationality Act 1981 reclassified Saint Helena and the other Crown colonies as British Dependent Territories. The islanders lost their right of abode in Britain. For the next 20 years, many could find only low-paid work with the island government, and the only available employment outside Saint Helena was on the Falkland Islands and Ascension Island. The Development and Economic Planning Department, which still operates, was formed in 1988 to contribute to raising the living standards of the people of Saint Helena.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Saint Helena",
"paragraph_text": "There are scouting and guiding groups on Saint Helena and Ascension Island. Scouting was established on Saint Helena island in 1912. Lord and Lady Baden-Powell visited the Scouts on Saint Helena on the return from their 1937 tour of Africa. The visit is described in Lord Baden-Powell's book entitled African Adventures.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Saint Helena",
"paragraph_text": "Under the provisions of the 1833 India Act, control of Saint Helena was passed from the East India Company to the British Crown, becoming a crown colony. Subsequent administrative cost-cutting triggered the start of a long-term population decline whereby those who could afford to do so tended to leave the island for better opportunities elsewhere. The latter half of the 19th century saw the advent of steam ships not reliant on trade winds, as well as the diversion of Far East trade away from the traditional South Atlantic shipping lanes to a route via the Red Sea (which, prior to the building of the Suez Canal, involved a short overland section). These factors contributed to a decline in the number of ships calling at the island from 1,100 in 1855 to only 288 in 1889.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "George Middlemore",
"paragraph_text": "General George Middlemore (died 18 November 1850, Tunbridge Wells) was a British Army officer and the first Governor of Saint Helena.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "British Empire",
"paragraph_text": "During the late 18th and early 19th centuries the British Crown began to assume an increasingly large role in the affairs of the Company. A series of Acts of Parliament were passed, including the Regulating Act of 1773, Pitt's India Act of 1784 and the Charter Act of 1813 which regulated the Company's affairs and established the sovereignty of the Crown over the territories that it had acquired. The Company's eventual end was precipitated by the Indian Rebellion, a conflict that had begun with the mutiny of sepoys, Indian troops under British officers and discipline. The rebellion took six months to suppress, with heavy loss of life on both sides. The following year the British government dissolved the Company and assumed direct control over India through the Government of India Act 1858, establishing the British Raj, where an appointed governor-general administered India and Queen Victoria was crowned the Empress of India. India became the empire's most valuable possession, \"the Jewel in the Crown\", and was the most important source of Britain's strength.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Saint Helena",
"paragraph_text": "Throughout this period, Saint Helena was an important port of call of the East India Company. East Indiamen would stop there on the return leg of their voyages to British India and China. At Saint Helena ships could replenish supplies of water and provisions, and during war time, form convoys that would sail under the protection of vessels of the Royal Navy. Captain James Cook's vessel HMS Endeavour anchored and resupplied off the coast of St Helena in May 1771, on her return from the European discovery of the east coast of Australia and rediscovery of New Zealand.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Saint Helena",
"paragraph_text": "The ship RMS Saint Helena runs between St Helena and Cape Town on a 5-day voyage, also visiting Ascension Island and Walvis Bay, and occasionally voyaging north to Tenerife and Portland, UK. It berths in James Bay, St Helena approximately thirty times per year. The RMS Saint Helena was due for decommissioning in 2010. However, its service life has been extended indefinitely until the airport is completed.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Saint Helena",
"paragraph_text": "After Napoleon's death, the thousands of temporary visitors were soon withdrawn and the East India Company resumed full control of Saint Helena. Between 1815 and 1830, the EIC made available to the government of the island the packet schooner St Helena, which made multiple trips per year between the island and the Cape carrying passengers both ways, and supplies of wine and provisions back to the island.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Dutch East India Company",
"paragraph_text": "The United East India Company, sometimes known as the United East Indies Company (Dutch: Vereenigde Oostindische Compagnie; or Verenigde Oost - Indische Compagnie in modern spelling; abbreviated to VOC), better known to the English - speaking world as the Dutch East India Company or sometimes as the Dutch East Indies Company, was a multinational corporation that was founded in 1602 and became defunct in 1799. It was originally established as a chartered company to trade with India and Indianized Southeast Asian countries when the Dutch government granted it a 21 - year monopoly on the Dutch spice trade. The VOC was an early multinational corporation in its modern sense. In the early 1600s, by widely issuing bonds and shares of stock to the general public, the VOC became the world's first formally listed public company. In other words, it was the first corporation to be ever actually listed on an official stock exchange. The VOC was influential in the rise of corporate - led globalization in the early modern period. With its pioneering institutional innovations and powerful roles in world history, the company is considered by many to be the first major modern global corporation, and at its height was the most valuable corporation ever.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Saint Helena",
"paragraph_text": "Today Saint Helena has its own currency, the Saint Helena pound, which is at parity with the pound sterling. The government of Saint Helena produces its own coinage and banknotes. The Bank of Saint Helena was established on Saint Helena and Ascension Island in 2004. It has branches in Jamestown on Saint Helena, and Georgetown, Ascension Island and it took over the business of the St. Helena government savings bank and Ascension Island Savings Bank.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Saint Helena",
"paragraph_text": "St Helena Online is a not-for-profit internet news service run from the UK by a former print and BBC journalist, working in partnership with Saint FM and the St Helena Independent.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Saint Helena",
"paragraph_text": "St Helena has long been known for its high proportion of endemic birds and vascular plants. The highland areas contain most of the 400 endemic species recognised to date. Much of the island has been identified by BirdLife International as being important for bird conservation, especially the endemic Saint Helena plover or wirebird, and for seabirds breeding on the offshore islets and stacks, in the north-east and the south-west Important Bird Areas. On the basis of these endemics and an exceptional range of habitats, Saint Helena is on the United Kingdom's tentative list for future UNESCO World Heritage Sites.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Tristan da Cunha",
"paragraph_text": "Tristan da Cunha is part of the British overseas territory of Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha. This includes Saint Helena and equatorial Ascension Island some 3,730 kilometres (2,318 mi) to the north of Tristan. The island has a population of 267 as of January 2016.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Pound sterling",
"paragraph_text": "The British Crown dependencies of Guernsey and Jersey produce their own local issues of sterling: the ``Guernsey pound ''and the`` Jersey pound''. The pound sterling is also used in the Isle of Man (alongside the Manx pound), Gibraltar (alongside the Gibraltar pound), the Falkland Islands (alongside the Falkland Islands pound), Saint Helena and Ascension Island in Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha (alongside the Saint Helena pound). The Bank of England is the central bank for the pound sterling, issuing its own coins and banknotes, and regulating issuance of banknotes by private banks in Scotland and Northern Ireland. Banknotes issued by other jurisdictions are not regulated by the Bank of England; local governments use Bank of England notes as backing for local issuance by allowing them to be exchanged 1: 1 at face value.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Saint Helena Island National Scenic Area",
"paragraph_text": "Saint Helena Island National Scenic Area is a federally designated National Scenic Area within the Hiawatha National Forest in the US state of Michigan. The scenic area is administered by the U.S. Forest Service. It is contains all of Saint Helena Island, excluding the St. Helena Island Light. The Hiawatha National Forest was extended to encompass the island, which was acquired when existing property owners placed the land for sale.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Saint Helena",
"paragraph_text": "A local industry manufacturing fibre from New Zealand flax was successfully reestablished in 1907 and generated considerable income during the First World War. Ascension Island was made a dependency of Saint Helena in 1922, and Tristan da Cunha followed in 1938. During the Second World War, the United States built Wideawake airport on Ascension in 1942, but no military use was made of Saint Helena.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
When did the entity which turned over control of Saint Helena to the British Crown end?
|
[
{
"id": 6100,
"question": "Who turned over control of Saint Helena to the British Crown?",
"answer": "East India Company",
"paragraph_support_idx": 6
},
{
"id": 45004,
"question": "when did the dutch #1 end",
"answer": "1799",
"paragraph_support_idx": 12
}
] |
1799
|
[] | true |
2hop__695784_121919
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "The Picture of Dorian Gray",
"paragraph_text": "The Picture of Dorian Gray The Picture of Dorian Gray was first published in the July 1890 issue of ``Lippincott's Monthly Magazine ''. Author Oscar Wilde Language English Genre Philosophical fiction, decadent literature Published 1890 Lippincott's Monthly Magazine Media type Print OCLC 53071567 Dewey Decimal 823 /. 8 22 LC Class PR5819. A2 M543 2003",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Dorian Kërçiku",
"paragraph_text": "Dorian Kërçiku (born 30 August 1993 in Tiranë) is an Albanian footballer who currently for Tirana in the Albanian First Division. He started his career with KF Tirana in 2011, but after only three appearances he moved to Skënderbeu Korçë where he would go on to win the Albanian Superliga title twice in two years before he moved back to KF Tirana in the summer of 2013 where he has since established himself as an important first team player.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Stuart Townsend",
"paragraph_text": "Stuart Peter Townsend (born 15 December 1972) is an Irish actor. His most notable portrayals are of the characters Lestat de Lioncourt in the 2002 film adaptation of Anne Rice's Queen of the Damned, and Dorian Gray in the 2003 film adaptation of Alan Moore's The League of Extraordinary Gentlemen.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Oscar Wilde",
"paragraph_text": "Oscar Wilde was born at 21 Westland Row, Dublin (now home of the Oscar Wilde Centre, Trinity College), the second of three children born to Sir William Wilde and Jane Wilde, two years behind William (\"Willie\"). Wilde's mother had distant Italian ancestry, and under the pseudonym \"\"Speranza\"\" (the Italian word for 'hope'), wrote poetry for the revolutionary Young Irelanders in 1848; she was a lifelong Irish nationalist. She read the Young Irelanders' poetry to Oscar and Willie, inculcating a love of these poets in her sons. Lady Wilde's interest in the neo-classical revival showed in the paintings and busts of ancient Greece and Rome in her home.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Full Steam",
"paragraph_text": "\"Full Steam\" was the second single taken from David Gray's eighth studio album \"Draw the Line\". The song is a duet between Gray and Annie Lennox. Originally planned to be officially released as a single on 23 November 2009, the single release was delayed with a new release date set as 28 December 2009, although no singles were to be found at such date. A music video featuring Gray and Lennox was filmed for the song, as it was eventually only released as a download single with all proceeds from the sale of the single going to Children In Need. Only physical single releases were for promotional releases only.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "John Bell (barrister)",
"paragraph_text": "Born in Kendal, Westmoreland, Bell was educated at Trinity College, Cambridge, graduating senior wrangler in 1786 and becoming a fellow. He entered Gray's Inn in 1789, a pupil of Samuel Romilly, and was called to the bar in 1792. He entered Lincoln's Inn in 1797, became a bencher of Gray's Inn in 1813 and became King's Counsel in 1816.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Percy Fawcett",
"paragraph_text": "David Grann's The Lost City of Z was optioned by Brad Pitt's Plan B production company and Paramount Pictures. James Gray directed the film, which stars Charlie Hunnam as Fawcett and was released in April 2017.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "The Picture of Dorian Gray (1945 film)",
"paragraph_text": "The Picture of Dorian Gray is a 1945 American horror-drama film based on Oscar Wilde's 1890 novel of the same name. Released in March 1945 by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, the film is directed by Albert Lewin and stars George Sanders as Lord Henry Wotton and Hurd Hatfield as Dorian Gray. Shot primarily in black-and-white, the film features four colour inserts in 3-strip Technicolor of Dorian's portrait; these are a special effect, the first two inserts are the original portrait and the second two after a major period of degeneration then recovery.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "The League of Extraordinary Gentlemen (film)",
"paragraph_text": "Sean Connery as Allan Quatermain Shane West as Tom Sawyer Stuart Townsend as Dorian Gray Richard Roxburgh as Professor James Moriarty / Fantom / M Peta Wilson as Wilhelmina ``Mina ''Harker Tony Curran as Rodney Skinner / The Invisible Man II Jason Flemyng as Dr. Henry Jekyll / Edward Hyde Naseeruddin Shah as Captain Nemo David Hemmings as Nigel Max Ryan as Dante Tom Goodman - Hill as Sanderson Reed Terry O'Neill as Ishmael",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "The League of Extraordinary Gentlemen (film)",
"paragraph_text": "Sean Connery as Allan Quatermain Naseeruddin Shah as Captain Nemo Shane West as Tom Sawyer Stuart Townsend as Dorian Gray Peta Wilson as Wilhelmina ``Mina ''Harker Jason Flemyng as Dr. Henry Jekyll / Edward Hyde Tony Curran as Rodney Skinner / The Invisible Man II Richard Roxburgh as Professor James Moriarty / Fantom / M David Hemmings as Nigel Max Ryan as Dante Tom Goodman - Hill as Sanderson Reed Terry O'Neill as Ishmael",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Pictures of Moments to Remember",
"paragraph_text": "Pictures of Moments to Remember is the fifth studio album by The Statler Brothers and the second one recorded for Mercury Records. Two of the songs from the album, \"You Can't Go Home\" and \"Pictures\" were released as singles.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "The Picture of Dorian Gray",
"paragraph_text": "The Picture of Dorian Gray is a philosophical novel by Oscar Wilde, first published complete in the July 1890 issue of Lippincott's Monthly Magazine. Fearing the story was indecent, the magazine's editor without Wilde's knowledge deleted roughly five hundred words before publication. Despite that censorship, The Picture of Dorian Gray offended the moral sensibilities of British book reviewers, some of whom said that Oscar Wilde merited prosecution for violating the laws guarding the public morality. In response, Wilde aggressively defended his novel and art in correspondence with the British press, although he personally made excisions of some of the most controversial material when revising and lengthening the story for book publication the following year.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "List of American films of 1944",
"paragraph_text": "Below is a list of American films released in 1944. \"Going My Way\" won Best Picture at the Academy Awards.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "The Code of Marcia Gray",
"paragraph_text": "The Code of Marcia Gray is a 1916 silent romantic crime drama produced by Oliver Morosco, distributed through Paramount Pictures and directed by Frank Lloyd.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Grays Peak (British Columbia)",
"paragraph_text": "Grays Peak is a mountain in southeast British Columbia, Canada. It is located in Kokanee Glacier Provincial Park in the Kootenays, and is best known for being the mountain pictured on the label of Kokanee beer.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Roger Drew",
"paragraph_text": "Roger Drew is a British illustrator and television screenwriter, and was educated at Victoria College, Jersey. He has written material for TV shows such as \"The Thick of It\" and won an Emmy for his work on Veep.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "The Man They Could Not Hang",
"paragraph_text": "The Man They Could Not Hang is a 1939 American horror film, the first of three similarly-plotted titles produced by Columbia Pictures, directed by Nick Grinde, and starring Boris Karloff as Dr. Henryk Savaard. The supporting cast features Lorna Gray and Ann Doran.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Stage Struck (1925 film)",
"paragraph_text": "Stage Struck is a 1925 American silent comedy film starring Gloria Swanson, Lawrence Gray, Gertrude Astor, and Ford Sterling. The film was directed by Allan Dwan, and released by Paramount Pictures with the opening and ending sequences filmed in the early two-color Technicolor.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Greeks",
"paragraph_text": "Around 1200 BC, the Dorians, another Greek-speaking people, followed from Epirus. Traditionally, historians have believed that the Dorian invasion caused the collapse of the Mycenaean civilization, but it is likely the main attack was made by seafaring raiders (sea peoples) who sailed into the eastern Mediterranean around 1180 BC. The Dorian invasion was followed by a poorly attested period of migrations, appropriately called the Greek Dark Ages, but by 800 BC the landscape of Archaic and Classical Greece was discernible.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Hamid Raza Gilani",
"paragraph_text": "In keeping with his family's tradition, Syed Hamid Raza Gilani received his early education at Aitchison College, Lahore, Pakistan. Mr. Gilani attended Oxford University and was called to the Bar at Gray's Inn.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
What college did the writer of The Picture of Dorian Gray attend?
|
[
{
"id": 695784,
"question": "The Picture of Dorian Gray >> screenwriter",
"answer": "Oscar Wilde",
"paragraph_support_idx": 7
},
{
"id": 121919,
"question": "What college did #1 go to?",
"answer": "Trinity College",
"paragraph_support_idx": 3
}
] |
Trinity College
|
[] | true |
2hop__665127_47960
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "East India Company",
"paragraph_text": "By 1803, at the height of its rule in India, the British East India company had a private army of about 260,000 -- twice the size of the British Army, with Indian revenues of £13,464,561, and expenses of £14,017,473. The company eventually came to rule large areas of India with its private armies, exercising military power and assuming administrative functions. Company rule in India effectively began in 1757 and lasted until 1858, when, following the Indian Rebellion of 1857, the Government of India Act 1858 led to the British Crown's assuming direct control of the Indian subcontinent in the form of the new British Raj.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Brad Carlton",
"paragraph_text": "Brad Carlton is a fictional character from the CBS soap opera The Young and the Restless, portrayed by Don Diamont. The character became a mainstay on the series for over ten years. He was known for his relationships with Traci Abbott, Ashley Abbott and Victoria Newman, as well as his business rivalries with Jack Abbott and Victor Newman. In 2009, the character drowned in a frozen lake.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Jam & Jerusalem",
"paragraph_text": "Jam & Jerusalem is a British sitcom that aired on BBC One from 2006 to 2009. Written by Jennifer Saunders and Abigail Wilson, it starred Sue Johnston, Jennifer Saunders, Pauline McLynn, Dawn French, Maggie Steed, David Mitchell, and Sally Phillips. Earlier episodes also starred Joanna Lumley and Doreen Mantle. On BBC America the first series was aired as Clatterford.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Wilson Ruffin Abbott",
"paragraph_text": "Wilson Ruffin Abbott (1801–1876) was an American-born Black Canadian and successful businessman and landowner in Toronto, Ontario. He was the father of Anderson Ruffin Abbott, Canada's first Black physician.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Date with Disaster",
"paragraph_text": "Date with Disaster is a 1957 British crime film directed by Charles Saunders and starring Tom Drake, William Hartnell and Shirley Eaton. It was made at Southall Studios.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Naked Fury",
"paragraph_text": "Naked Fury is a 1959 British crime thriller directed by Charles Saunders. In the United States, it was re-titled \"The Pleasure Lovers\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "The Supergrass",
"paragraph_text": "The Supergrass is a 1985 British comedy film written and directed by Peter Richardson. The film stars Richardson, Adrian Edmondson, Jennifer Saunders, Dawn French, Keith Allen, Nigel Planer, Alexei Sayle, Ronald Allen, and Robbie Coltrane.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Clocking Off",
"paragraph_text": "Clocking Off is a British television drama series which was broadcast on BBC One for four series from 2000 to 2003. It was produced for the BBC by the independent Red Production Company, and created by Paul Abbott.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Howard Saunders",
"paragraph_text": "Howard Saunders (16 September 1835 – 20 October 1907) was a British businessman, who later in life became a noted ornithologist, specialising in gulls and terns.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Shameless (season 5)",
"paragraph_text": "The fifth season of Shameless, an American comedy - drama television series based on the award - winning British series of the same name by Paul Abbott, premiered on January 11, 2015 on the Showtime television network. Executive producers are John Wells, Paul Abbott and Andrew Stearn, and producer Michael Hissrich. Like all previous seasons, the season consisted of 12 episodes.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "András Kállay-Saunders",
"paragraph_text": "András Kállay-Saunders was born in New York City, United States to Hungarian model Katalin Kállay and American soul-singer and producer Fernando Saunders. He is a descendant of the noble Kállay family from his maternal side.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Victor Selwyn",
"paragraph_text": "Victor Selwyn (1917–2005) was a British journalist. He was associated with the Cairo poets, and was — along with Denis Saunders and David Burk — an editor of \"Oasis.\"",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Universal Pictures",
"paragraph_text": "The production arm of the studio still struggled. While there were to be a few hits like The Killers (1946) and The Naked City (1948), Universal-International's new theatrical films often met with disappointing response at the box office. By the late 1940s, Goetz was out, and the studio returned to low-budget films. The inexpensive Francis (1950), the first film of a series about a talking mule and Ma and Pa Kettle (1949), part of a series, became mainstays of the company. Once again, the films of Abbott and Costello, including Abbott and Costello Meet Frankenstein (1948), were among the studio's top-grossing productions. But at this point Rank lost interest and sold his shares to the investor Milton Rackmil, whose Decca Records would take full control of Universal in 1952. Besides Abbott and Costello, the studio retained the Walter Lantz cartoon studio, whose product was released with Universal-International's films.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Shameless (season 8)",
"paragraph_text": "The eighth season of Shameless, an American comedy - drama television series based on the British series of the same name by Paul Abbott, was announced on December 19, 2016, a day after the seventh season finale. The season, which premiered on November 5, 2017, consisted of a total of 12 episodes.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "List of The Young and the Restless characters (2012)",
"paragraph_text": "Johnny Abbott The Young and the Restless character Portrayed by Holden and Ryan Hare Duration 2012 -- First appearance April 9, 2012 Created by Maria Arena Bell Hogan Sheffer Scott Hamner Profile Other names John Abbott IV Residence Genoa City, Wisconsin (show) Family Family Abbott, Newman Father Billy Abbott Mother Chelsea Lawson Adoptive mother Victoria Newman Half - brothers Connor Newman Reed Hellstrom (adoptive) Half - sisters Eve Nicole Howard (adoptive) Delia Abbott Katie Newman Grandfathers John Abbott Jeffrey Bardwell Victor Newman (adoptive) Grandmothers Jill Abbott Anita Lawson Nikki Newman (adoptive) Uncles Jack Abbott Phillip Chancellor III Nicholas Newman (adoptive) Dylan McAvoy (adoptive) John Abbott III (adoptive) Adam Newman (adoptive) Aunts Traci Abbott Connelly Abby Newman (adoptive) First cousins Keemo Volien Abbott Kyle Abbott Chance Chancellor Colleen Carlton Noah Newman (adoptive) Connor Newman (adoptive) Cassie Newman (adoptive) Summer Newman (adoptive) Faith Newman (adoptive) Christian Newman (adoptive)",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Social Security Wage Base",
"paragraph_text": "In 2018, the Social Security Wage Base was $128,400 and the Social Security tax rate was 6.20% paid by the employee and 6.20% paid by the employer. A person with $10,000 of gross income had $620.00 withheld as Social Security tax from his check and the employer sent an additional $620.00. A person with $130,000 of gross income in 2017 incurred Social Security tax of $7,886.40 (resulting in an effective rate of approximately 6.07% - the rate was lower because the income was more than the 2017 ``wage base '', see below), with $7,886.40 paid by the employer. A person who earned a million dollars in wages paid the same $7,886.40 in Social Security tax (resulting in an effective rate of approximately 0.79%), with equivalent employer matching. In the cases of the $130 k and $1 m earners, each paid the same amount into the social security system, and both will take the same out of the social security system.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Israr Ali",
"paragraph_text": "Israr Ali (1 May 1927 – 1 February 2016) was a member of Pakistan's first Test team that played against India in India in 1952–53. Born in Jalandhar, British India, he played two Tests as a top order batsman in 1952–53 without success, then two more against the visiting Australians in 1959–60 as a lower order batsman and opening bowler, taking 6 wickets at 25.66, dismissing Les Favell four times.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Princess Luise of Anhalt-Bernburg",
"paragraph_text": "As the daughter of Alexius Frederick Christian, Duke of Anhalt-Bernburg and his wife Marie Friederike of Hesse-Kassel, she was a Princess of Anhalt-Bernburg and member of the House of Ascania. By her 21 November 1817 marriage to Prince Frederick of Prussia she was a princess of Prussia.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Saunders Alexius Abbott",
"paragraph_text": "Major-General Saunders Alexius Abbott (9 July 1811 – 7 February 1894) was an army officer in the British East India Company.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Colonial India",
"paragraph_text": "The British had direct or indirect control over all of present - day India before the middle of the 19th century. In 1857, a local rebellion by an army of sepoys escalated into the Rebellion of 1857, which took six months to suppress with heavy loss of life on both sides, although the loss of British lives is in the range of a few thousand, the loss on the Indian side was in the hundreds of thousands. The trigger for the Rebellion has been a subject of controversy. The resistance, although short - lived, was triggered by British East India Company attempts to expand its control of India. According to Olson, several reasons may have triggered the Rebellion. For example, Olson concludes that the East India Company's attempt to annexe and expand its direct control of India, by arbitrary laws such as Doctrine of Lapse, combined with employment discrimination against Indians, contributed to the 1857 Rebellion. The East India Company officers lived like princes, the company finances were in shambles, and the company's effectiveness in India was examined by the British crown after 1858. As a result, the East India Company lost its powers of government and British India formally came under direct British rule, with an appointed Governor - General of India. The East India Company was dissolved the following year in 1858. A few years later, Queen Victoria took the title of Empress of India.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
When did Saunders Alexius Abbott's employer take over India?
|
[
{
"id": 665127,
"question": "Saunders Alexius Abbott >> employer",
"answer": "East India Company",
"paragraph_support_idx": 18
},
{
"id": 47960,
"question": "when did the british #1 take over india",
"answer": "1757",
"paragraph_support_idx": 0
}
] |
1757
|
[] | true |
2hop__678848_47960
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Ready Steady Cook",
"paragraph_text": "Ready Steady Cook is a BBC daytime TV cooking game show. It debuted on 24 October 1994 and the last edition was broadcast on 2 February 2010. The programme was hosted by Fern Britton from 1994 until 2000 when celebrity chef Ainsley Harriott became the new host. In August 2000, when Harriott took over, the duration of the programme was extended from 30 to 45 minutes.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Vindaloo",
"paragraph_text": "Vindaloo is an Indian curry dish popular in the region of Goa, Vasai, the surrounding Konkan, Kerala and many other parts of India. It is known globally in its British Indian form as a staple of curry house and Indian restaurant menus, often regarded as a fiery, spicy dish, even though it may not necessarily be the spiciest dish available. They are usually made with pork although they can be made with any kind of meat including beef, mutton, chicken etc.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Governor-General of India",
"paragraph_text": "The Governor - General of India (or, from 1858 to 1947, officially the Viceroy and Governor - General of India, commonly shortened to Viceroy of India) was originally the head of the British administration in India and, later, after Indian independence in 1947, the representative of the Indian head of state. The office was created in 1773, with the title of Governor - General of the Presidency of Fort William. The officer had direct control only over Fort William, but supervised other British East India Company officials in India. Complete authority over all of British India was granted in 1833, and the official came to be known as the ``Governor - General of India ''.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Pat Smythe (pianist)",
"paragraph_text": "Patrick Mungo Smythe (May 1923 – 1983) was a Scottish jazz pianist who rose to prominence as a member of the Joe Harriott Quintet during the 1960s.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "East India Company",
"paragraph_text": "By 1803, at the height of its rule in India, the British East India company had a private army of about 260,000 -- twice the size of the British Army, with Indian revenues of £13,464,561, and expenses of £14,017,473. The company eventually came to rule large areas of India with its private armies, exercising military power and assuming administrative functions. Company rule in India effectively began in 1757 and lasted until 1858, when, following the Indian Rebellion of 1857, the Government of India Act 1858 led to the British Crown's assuming direct control of the Indian subcontinent in the form of the new British Raj.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Social Security Wage Base",
"paragraph_text": "In 2018, the Social Security Wage Base was $128,400 and the Social Security tax rate was 6.20% paid by the employee and 6.20% paid by the employer. A person with $10,000 of gross income had $620.00 withheld as Social Security tax from his check and the employer sent an additional $620.00. A person with $130,000 of gross income in 2017 incurred Social Security tax of $7,886.40 (resulting in an effective rate of approximately 6.07% - the rate was lower because the income was more than the 2017 ``wage base '', see below), with $7,886.40 paid by the employer. A person who earned a million dollars in wages paid the same $7,886.40 in Social Security tax (resulting in an effective rate of approximately 0.79%), with equivalent employer matching. In the cases of the $130 k and $1 m earners, each paid the same amount into the social security system, and both will take the same out of the social security system.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Meat and potato pie",
"paragraph_text": "Meat and potato pie is a popular variety of pie eaten in England. A meat and potato pie has a similar filling to a Cornish Pasty and differs from a meat pie in that its content is usually less than 50% meat. They can be typically eaten as take-aways but are a homemade staple in many homes. Often it is served with red cabbage.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "John Forbes Royle",
"paragraph_text": "John Forbes Royle (10 May 1798 – 2 January 1858), British botanist and teacher of materia medica, was born in Kanpur (then Cawnpore) in 1798. He was in charge of the botanical garden at Saharanpur and played a role in the development of economic botany in India.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Colonial India",
"paragraph_text": "The British had direct or indirect control over all of present - day India before the middle of the 19th century. In 1857, a local rebellion by an army of sepoys escalated into the Rebellion of 1857, which took six months to suppress with heavy loss of life on both sides, although the loss of British lives is in the range of a few thousand, the loss on the Indian side was in the hundreds of thousands. The trigger for the Rebellion has been a subject of controversy. The resistance, although short - lived, was triggered by British East India Company attempts to expand its control of India. According to Olson, several reasons may have triggered the Rebellion. For example, Olson concludes that the East India Company's attempt to annexe and expand its direct control of India, by arbitrary laws such as Doctrine of Lapse, combined with employment discrimination against Indians, contributed to the 1857 Rebellion. The East India Company officers lived like princes, the company finances were in shambles, and the company's effectiveness in India was examined by the British crown after 1858. As a result, the East India Company lost its powers of government and British India formally came under direct British rule, with an appointed Governor - General of India. The East India Company was dissolved the following year in 1858. A few years later, Queen Victoria took the title of Empress of India.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Minister of Railways (India)",
"paragraph_text": "The Minister of Railways is the head of the Ministry of Railways of the Government of India. The railway minister is usually accorded a cabinet rank, and is responsible for Indian Railways, one of the largest employers in the world. An important responsibility of the railway minister is to present in Parliament the Railway Budget, the Annual Financial Statement of Indian Railways. Piyush Goyal of the Bharatiya Janata Party is the current Minister of Railways, serving since 3 September 2017. Railways Minister (India)",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Abstract (album)",
"paragraph_text": "Abstract is the third album by Jamaican saxophonist Joe Harriott recorded in England in 1961 and 1962 and released on the Capitol label.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Minister of Railways (India)",
"paragraph_text": "The Minister of Railways is the head of the Ministry of Railways of the Government of India. The railway minister is usually accorded a cabinet rank, and is responsible for Indian Railways, the largest employer in the world. An important responsibility of the railway minister is to present in Parliament the Railway Budget, the Annual Financial Statement of Indian Railways. Piyush Goyal of the Bharatiya Janata Party is the current Minister of Railways, serving since 3 September 2017. Railways Minister (India)",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Simon Commission",
"paragraph_text": "The Indian Statutory Commission, commonly referred to as the Simon Commission, was a group of seven British Members of Parliament under the chairmanship of Sir John Allsebrook Simon. The commission arrived in British India in 1928 to study constitutional reform in Britain's most important colonial dependency. One of its members was Clement Attlee, who became committed to Indian independence by 1934 and achieved that goal as Prime Minister in 1947 in the granting of independence to India and Pakistan.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Affirmative action in the United States",
"paragraph_text": "In the 1960 presidential election, Democratic candidate and future President John F. Kennedy \"criticized President Eisenhower for not ending discrimination in federally supported housing\" and \"advocated a permanent Fair Employment Practices Commission\".:59 Shortly after taking office, Kennedy issued Executive Order 10925 in March 1961, requiring government contractors to \"consider and recommend additional affirmative steps which should be taken by executive departments and agencies to realize more fully the national policy of nondiscrimination…. The contractor will take affirmative action to ensure that applicants are employed, and that employees are treated during employment, without regard to their race, creed, color, or national origin\".:60 The order also established the President's Committee on Equal Employment Opportunity (PCEEO), chaired by Vice President Lyndon B. Johnson. Federal contractors who failed to comply or violated the executive order were punished by contract cancellation and the possible debarment from future government contracts. The administration was \"not demanding any special preference or treatment or quotas for minorities\" but was rather \"advocating racially neutral hiring to end job discrimination\".:61 Turning to issues of women's rights, Kennedy initiated a Commission on the Status of Women in December 1961. The commission was charged with \"examining employment policies and practices of the government and of contractors\" with regard to sex.:66",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Los Angeles Clippers",
"paragraph_text": "In what was supposed to be a counter-move, the Coliseum Commission, the management entity that managed the Los Angeles Memorial Sports Arena and Coliseum, had planned to build a new 18,700 - seat arena in the parking lot next to the Sports Arena that would have cost up to $94 million, that would have included 1,100 club seats, 84 luxury suites, and an on - site practice facility for the Clippers. However, those plans were scuttled once planning for Staples Center (two miles directly up the street from the Sports Arena) were taking place, and the Clippers decided to become a tenant at Staples.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Bollywood",
"paragraph_text": "In 1937, Ardeshir Irani, of Alam Ara fame, made the first colour film in Hindi, Kisan Kanya. The next year, he made another colour film, a version of Mother India. However, colour did not become a popular feature until the late 1950s. At this time, lavish romantic musicals and melodramas were the staple fare at the cinema.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "John Staples Harriott",
"paragraph_text": "John Staples Harriott (1780–1839) was a British army officer stationed in India, in the service of the East India Company. He came to acquire the \"Jami' al-tawarikh\" in its original manuscript. In his studies of the Roma people, he made an identification with a legend of Bahram Gur and the Luri to support a Romani presence in Sasanid Persia, now considered to be an unjustified and uncritical deduction that has persisted.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Israr Ali",
"paragraph_text": "Israr Ali (1 May 1927 – 1 February 2016) was a member of Pakistan's first Test team that played against India in India in 1952–53. Born in Jalandhar, British India, he played two Tests as a top order batsman in 1952–53 without success, then two more against the visiting Australians in 1959–60 as a lower order batsman and opening bowler, taking 6 wickets at 25.66, dismissing Les Favell four times.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Michael John Fles",
"paragraph_text": "Michael John Fles was born to a Dutch father, George Fles, and a British mother, Pearl Rimel. As conscious communists, his parents had moved to the Soviet Union, where his father fell victim to Joseph Stalin's Great Purge. The mother, pregnant with Michael John, left the Soviet Union to give birth in London. Mother and son later emigrated to the United States, where Pearl Rimel found employment in the aircraft industry. Michael John grew up in Los Angeles and Ojai, California, where he graduated from the Ojai Valley School in 1950.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Take Me to the Pilot",
"paragraph_text": "\"Take Me to the Pilot\" is a rock song performed by British musician Elton John. The song was written by Bernie Taupin and composed by John for his eponymous second album in 1970.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
When did John Staples Harriott's employer take over India?
|
[
{
"id": 678848,
"question": "John Staples Harriott >> employer",
"answer": "East India Company",
"paragraph_support_idx": 16
},
{
"id": 47960,
"question": "when did the british #1 take over india",
"answer": "1757",
"paragraph_support_idx": 4
}
] |
1757
|
[] | true |
2hop__401484_121919
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Do I Love You (Indeed I Do)",
"paragraph_text": "``Do I Love You (Indeed I Do) ''Single by Frank Wilson B - side`` Sweeter As the Days Go By'' Released 1965 Genre Soul, northern soul Length 2: 31 Label Soul Songwriter (s) Frank Wilson Producer (s) Hal Davis and Marc Gordon",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Exiles at the Well of Souls",
"paragraph_text": "Exiles at the Well of Souls is the second book in the Well of Souls series by American author Jack L. Chalker. Originally intended to be one book, the story was split into \"Exiles\" and \"Quest for the Well of Souls\" forming a duology.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "The Rocky Horror Picture Show (soundtrack)",
"paragraph_text": "``Hot Patootie - Bless My Soul ''Song by Meat Loaf from the album The Rocky Horror Picture Show Language English Released Songwriter (s) Composer: Richard O'Brien, Richard Hartley Lyricist: Richard O'Brien The Rocky Horror Picture Show track listing`` Science Fiction / Double Feature'' ``Dammit Janet ''`` Over at the Frankenstein Place'' ``Time Warp ''`` Sweet Transvestite'' ``I Can Make You a Man ''`` Hot Patootie - Bless My Soul'' ``I Can Make You a Man (Reprise) ''`` Touch - a, Touch - a, Touch - a, Touch Me'' ``Eddie ''`` Floor Show'' ``Rose Tint My World`` Fanfare / Do n't Dream It ''``Wild and Untamed Thing''`` I'm Going Home ''``Super Heroes''`` Science Fiction / Double Feature (Reprise) ''",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Midnight at the Well of Souls",
"paragraph_text": "Midnight at the Well of Souls is the first book in the Well of Souls series by American author Jack L. Chalker, first published as a paperback in 1977. Over a million copies of the original printing were sold, and reprints have continued for decades. It came in #18 in the 1978 Locus Poll Award for best science fiction.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Gotta Work",
"paragraph_text": "\"Gotta Work\" is a song by American R&B singer-songwriter Amerie, and is the second international single from her third studio album, \"Because I Love It\" (2007). It samples Sam & Dave's 1966 song \"Hold On, I'm Comin'\", written by Isaac Hayes and David Porter and originally recorded by Reuben Wilson. The sample used is from a cover version by Erma Franklin, off her album 'Soul Sister' (1969). Amerie called the sound of the song \"'go-go soul'\", saying go-go \"[is] like really strong black coffee, some people can't ingest it in its purest form.\"",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Political philosophy",
"paragraph_text": "John Locke in particular exemplified this new age of political theory with his work Two Treatises of Government. In it Locke proposes a state of nature theory that directly complements his conception of how political development occurs and how it can be founded through contractual obligation. Locke stood to refute Sir Robert Filmer's paternally founded political theory in favor of a natural system based on nature in a particular given system. The theory of the divine right of kings became a passing fancy, exposed to the type of ridicule with which John Locke treated it. Unlike Machiavelli and Hobbes but like Aquinas, Locke would accept Aristotle's dictum that man seeks to be happy in a state of social harmony as a social animal. Unlike Aquinas's preponderant view on the salvation of the soul from original sin, Locke believes man's mind comes into this world as tabula rasa. For Locke, knowledge is neither innate, revealed nor based on authority but subject to uncertainty tempered by reason, tolerance and moderation. According to Locke, an absolute ruler as proposed by Hobbes is unnecessary, for natural law is based on reason and seeking peace and survival for man.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Goodbye, Columbus",
"paragraph_text": "In addition to the title novella, set in New Jersey, \"Goodbye, Columbus\" contains the five short stories \"The Conversion of the Jews\", \"Defender of the Faith\", \"Epstein\", \"You Can't Tell a Man by the Song He Sings\", and \"Eli, the Fanatic\". Each story deals with the concerns of second and third-generation assimilated American Jews as they leave the ethnic ghettos of their parents and grandparents and go on to college, to white-collar professions, and to life in the suburbs.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Chronicles of Barsetshire",
"paragraph_text": "The Chronicles of Barsetshire is a series of six novels by the English author Anthony Trollope, set in the fictitious English county of Barsetshire and its cathedral town of Barchester. The novels concern the dealings of the clergy and the gentry, and the political, amatory, and social manœuvrings that go on among and between them. Of the six novels, the second in the series, Barchester Towers, is generally the best known, while the last was Trollope's own favourite. Together, the series is regarded by many as Trollope's finest work.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "The Soul of Man under Socialism",
"paragraph_text": "\"The Soul of Man under Socialism\" is an 1891 essay by Oscar Wilde in which he expounds a libertarian socialist worldview and a critique of charity. The writing of \"The Soul of Man\" followed Wilde's conversion to anarchist philosophy, following his reading of the works of Peter Kropotkin.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Oscar Wilde",
"paragraph_text": "Oscar Wilde was born at 21 Westland Row, Dublin (now home of the Oscar Wilde Centre, Trinity College), the second of three children born to Sir William Wilde and Jane Wilde, two years behind William (\"Willie\"). Wilde's mother had distant Italian ancestry, and under the pseudonym \"\"Speranza\"\" (the Italian word for 'hope'), wrote poetry for the revolutionary Young Irelanders in 1848; she was a lifelong Irish nationalist. She read the Young Irelanders' poetry to Oscar and Willie, inculcating a love of these poets in her sons. Lady Wilde's interest in the neo-classical revival showed in the paintings and busts of ancient Greece and Rome in her home.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "National College, Tiruchirappalli",
"paragraph_text": "The National College is an institution for higher education at Tiruchirapalli, Tamil Nadu, India. Established in 1919, the college provides education to economically and socially deprived students.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Crossed fingers",
"paragraph_text": "The origin of the gesture traces back to the biblical Kingdom of Israel. Courts of Mosaic law would often render verdicts with the phrase ``May God have mercy upon your soul ''in order to reaffirm God's supreme authority over the law. Most judges felt that while they could pass a sentence of death upon a person, they personally did not have the authority to destroy souls and that only God had the authority to do that. As a result, some judges would cross their fingers whenever they said the phrase as a result of concern for the criminal's soul as they said it as a prayer.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Mary Jane Girls",
"paragraph_text": "The Mary Jane Girls were an American R&B, soul and funk group in the 1980s. They were protégées of singer Rick James. They are known for their hit songs \"In My House\", \"All Night Long\", \"Candy Man\", and their cover version of \"Walk Like a Man\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Me and Mrs. Jones",
"paragraph_text": "``Me and Mrs. Jones ''is a 1972 soul song written by Kenny Gamble, Leon Huff, and Cary Gilbert, and originally recorded by Billy Paul. It describes an extramarital affair between a man and his lover, Mrs. Jones. In the song, the two meet in secret`` every day at the same cafe'', where they hold hands and talk. The two are caught in a quandary: ``we both know that it's wrong / but it's much too strong / to let it go now ''.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Stephen Mulhall",
"paragraph_text": "Stephen Mulhall received a BA in Philosophy, Politics, and Economics at Balliol College, Oxford in 1983. He then pursued an MA in Philosophy from The University of Toronto in 1984. Between 1984 and 1988, he attended Balliol College and All Souls College, Oxford for his DPhil in Philosophy. From 1986 to 1991 he was a Prize Fellow at All Souls College and in 1991 he became a Reader of Philosophy at the University of Essex. From 1998 to the present he has been a fellow at New College, Oxford.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "The Soul Man!",
"paragraph_text": "The Soul Man! is an album by American jazz pianist Bobby Timmons recorded in 1966 and released on the Prestige Records.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Choo Choo Soul",
"paragraph_text": "Choo Choo Soul is a children's entertainment act composed of Genevieve Goings and her partner Constantine ``DC ''Abramson, a dancer and beat boxer dressed as a railroad engineer.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Avicenna",
"paragraph_text": "While he was imprisoned in the castle of Fardajan near Hamadhan, Avicenna wrote his famous \"Floating Man\" – literally falling man – thought experiment to demonstrate human self-awareness and the substantiality and immateriality of the soul. Avicenna believed his \"Floating Man\" thought experiment demonstrated that the soul is a substance, and claimed humans cannot doubt their own consciousness, even in a situation that prevents all sensory data input. The thought experiment told its readers to imagine themselves created all at once while suspended in the air, isolated from all sensations, which includes no sensory contact with even their own bodies. He argued that, in this scenario, one would still have self-consciousness. Because it is conceivable that a person, suspended in air while cut off from sense experience, would still be capable of determining his own existence, the thought experiment points to the conclusions that the soul is a perfection, independent of the body, and an immaterial substance. The conceivability of this \"Floating Man\" indicates that the soul is perceived intellectually, which entails the soul's separateness from the body. Avicenna referred to the living human intelligence, particularly the active intellect, which he believed to be the hypostasis by which God communicates truth to the human mind and imparts order and intelligibility to nature. Following is an English translation of the argument:",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Theodore Newcomb",
"paragraph_text": "Theodore Mead Newcomb (July 24, 1903 – December 28, 1984) was an American social psychologist, professor and author. Newcomb led the Bennington College Study, which looked at the influence of the college experience on social and political beliefs. He was also the first to document the effects of proximity on acquaintance and attraction. Newcomb founded and directed the doctoral program in social psychology at the University of Michigan. A \"Review of General Psychology\" survey, published in 2002, ranked Newcomb as the 57th most cited psychologist of the 20th century.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Bill Bishop (author)",
"paragraph_text": "Bill Bishop is an American author, journalist and social commentator. He co-wrote a book with retired college professor Robert Cushing entitled \"The Big Sort: Why the Clustering of Like-Minded America is Tearing Us Apart\". His ideas have influenced the speeches of former U.S. President Bill Clinton.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
What college did the author of The Soul of Man under Socialism attend?
|
[
{
"id": 401484,
"question": "The Soul of Man under Socialism >> author",
"answer": "Oscar Wilde",
"paragraph_support_idx": 8
},
{
"id": 121919,
"question": "What college did #1 go to?",
"answer": "Trinity College",
"paragraph_support_idx": 9
}
] |
Trinity College
|
[] | true |
2hop__745795_47960
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Pretty Woman",
"paragraph_text": "Edward takes Vivian to a polo match in hopes of networking for his business deal. His attorney, Phillip, suspects Vivian is a corporate spy, and Edward tells him how they truly met. Phillip later approaches Vivian, suggesting they do business once her work with Edward is finished. Insulted, and furious that Edward has revealed their secret, Vivian wants to end the arrangement. Edward apologizes, and admits to feeling jealous of a business associate to whom Vivian paid attention at the match. Vivian's straightforward personality is rubbing off on Edward, and he finds himself acting in unaccustomed ways. Clearly growing involved, Edward takes Vivian in his private jet to see La Traviata in San Francisco. Vivian is moved to tears by the story of the prostitute who falls in love with a rich man. Vivian breaks her ``no kissing on the mouth ''rule (which her friend Kit taught her) and they have sex; in the aftermath, Vivian tells Edward she loves him, but he does not respond. Edward offers to put her up in an apartment so she can be off the streets. Hurt, she refuses, says this is not the`` fairy tale'' she dreamed of as a child, in which a knight on a white horse rescues her.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Edward Gryffydh Peacock",
"paragraph_text": "Peacock was the son of the poet Thomas Love Peacock and his wife Jane Gryffydh. In 1841 he was appointed midshipman in the Indian Navy. He arrived in India in October 1841 but returned to England for medical reasons in April 1842. In 1844 he became a clerk in the examiners office at East India House. He collaborated with George Meredith in publishing a privately circulated literary magazine, the \"Monthly Observer\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Edward Gryffydh Peacock",
"paragraph_text": "Edward Gryffydh Peacock (30 July 1825 – 4 January 1867) was an English official of the East India Company, publisher, writer and rower who won the Wingfield Sculls and Diamond Challenge Sculls at Henley Royal Regatta.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Social Security Wage Base",
"paragraph_text": "In 2018, the Social Security Wage Base was $128,400 and the Social Security tax rate was 6.20% paid by the employee and 6.20% paid by the employer. A person with $10,000 of gross income had $620.00 withheld as Social Security tax from his check and the employer sent an additional $620.00. A person with $130,000 of gross income in 2017 incurred Social Security tax of $7,886.40 (resulting in an effective rate of approximately 6.07% - the rate was lower because the income was more than the 2017 ``wage base '', see below), with $7,886.40 paid by the employer. A person who earned a million dollars in wages paid the same $7,886.40 in Social Security tax (resulting in an effective rate of approximately 0.79%), with equivalent employer matching. In the cases of the $130 k and $1 m earners, each paid the same amount into the social security system, and both will take the same out of the social security system.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Israr Ali",
"paragraph_text": "Israr Ali (1 May 1927 – 1 February 2016) was a member of Pakistan's first Test team that played against India in India in 1952–53. Born in Jalandhar, British India, he played two Tests as a top order batsman in 1952–53 without success, then two more against the visiting Australians in 1959–60 as a lower order batsman and opening bowler, taking 6 wickets at 25.66, dismissing Les Favell four times.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Colonial India",
"paragraph_text": "The British had direct or indirect control over all of present - day India before the middle of the 19th century. In 1857, a local rebellion by an army of sepoys escalated into the Rebellion of 1857, which took six months to suppress with heavy loss of life on both sides, although the loss of British lives is in the range of a few thousand, the loss on the Indian side was in the hundreds of thousands. The trigger for the Rebellion has been a subject of controversy. The resistance, although short - lived, was triggered by British East India Company attempts to expand its control of India. According to Olson, several reasons may have triggered the Rebellion. For example, Olson concludes that the East India Company's attempt to annexe and expand its direct control of India, by arbitrary laws such as Doctrine of Lapse, combined with employment discrimination against Indians, contributed to the 1857 Rebellion. The East India Company officers lived like princes, the company finances were in shambles, and the company's effectiveness in India was examined by the British crown after 1858. As a result, the East India Company lost its powers of government and British India formally came under direct British rule, with an appointed Governor - General of India. The East India Company was dissolved the following year in 1858. A few years later, Queen Victoria took the title of Empress of India.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Joseph Leftwich",
"paragraph_text": "Joseph Leftwich (1892–1983), born Joseph Lefkowitz, was a British critic and translator into English of Yiddish literature. He is known particularly for his 1939 anthology \"The Golden Peacock\" of Yiddish poetry, and his 1957 biography of Israel Zangwill.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Peacock Throne",
"paragraph_text": "Nadir Shah's invasion of India culminated in the Battle of Karnal, on 13 February 1739, and the defeat of Muhammad Shah. Nadir Shah entered Delhi and sacked the city, in the course of which tens of thousands of inhabitants were massacred. Persian troops left Delhi at the beginning of May 1739, taking with them the throne as a war trophy, their haul of treasure amounting to a large reduction in Mughal wealth and an irreplaceable loss of cultural artefacts. Among the known precious stones that Nadir Shah looted were the Akbar Shah, Great Mughal, Great Table, Koh - i - Noor, and Shah diamonds, as well as the Samarian spinel and the Timur ruby. These stones were either part of the Peacock Throne or were in possession of the Mughal emperors. The Akbar Shah Diamond was said to form one of the eyes of a peacock, as did the Koh - i - Noor. The Shah diamond was described by Jean - Baptiste Tavernier as being on the side of the throne. Many of these stones ended up becoming part of the Persian crown jewels or were taken later by the British colonialists.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Minister of Railways (India)",
"paragraph_text": "The Minister of Railways is the head of the Ministry of Railways of the Government of India. The railway minister is usually accorded a cabinet rank, and is responsible for Indian Railways, one of the largest employers in the world. An important responsibility of the railway minister is to present in Parliament the Railway Budget, the Annual Financial Statement of Indian Railways. Piyush Goyal of the Bharatiya Janata Party is the current Minister of Railways, serving since 3 September 2017. Railways Minister (India)",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "East India Company",
"paragraph_text": "By 1803, at the height of its rule in India, the British East India company had a private army of about 260,000 -- twice the size of the British Army, with Indian revenues of £13,464,561, and expenses of £14,017,473. The company eventually came to rule large areas of India with its private armies, exercising military power and assuming administrative functions. Company rule in India effectively began in 1757 and lasted until 1858, when, following the Indian Rebellion of 1857, the Government of India Act 1858 led to the British Crown's assuming direct control of the Indian subcontinent in the form of the new British Raj.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Edward VII",
"paragraph_text": "Edward VII (Albert Edward; 9 November 1841 – 6 May 1910) was King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and Emperor of India from 22 January 1901 until his death in 1910.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "New Delhi",
"paragraph_text": "Delhi had served as the political and financial centre of several empires of ancient India and the Delhi Sultanate, most notably of the Mughal Empire from 1649 to 1857. During the early 1900s, a proposal was made to the British administration to shift the capital of the British Indian Empire, as India was officially named, from Calcutta on the east coast, to Delhi. The Government of British India felt that it would be logistically easier to administer India from Delhi in the centre of northern India.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Edward VIII",
"paragraph_text": "Edward VIII (Edward Albert Christian George Andrew Patrick David; 23 June 1894 -- 28 May 1972) was King of the United Kingdom and the Dominions of the British Empire, and Emperor of India, from 20 January 1936 until his abdication on 11 December the same year, after which he became the Duke of Windsor.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "National symbols of India",
"paragraph_text": "National bird Indian peacock Indian peacock (Pavo cristatus) is designated as the national bird of India. A bird indigenous to the subcontinent, peacock represents the unity of vivid colours and finds references in Indian culture. On February 1, 1963, The Government of India have decided to have the Peacock as the national bird of India. The decision has been taken after considering the views of the State Governments and the opinions expressed in the Press. The question of selecting a national bird has been under consideration since the Tokyo conference of the International Council for Bird Preservation held in May 1960. This matter was taken up by the Indian Board for Wild Life and the State Governments were also asked to give their views. Some of the other birds considered for the honour were the Great Indian Bustard, the Sarus crane, the ``Garuda ''and the Swan (Hamsa), the strongest contender being the Great Indian Bustard.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Minister of Railways (India)",
"paragraph_text": "The Minister of Railways is the head of the Ministry of Railways of the Government of India. The railway minister is usually accorded a cabinet rank, and is responsible for Indian Railways, the largest employer in the world. An important responsibility of the railway minister is to present in Parliament the Railway Budget, the Annual Financial Statement of Indian Railways. Piyush Goyal of the Bharatiya Janata Party is the current Minister of Railways, serving since 3 September 2017. Railways Minister (India)",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Peacock in the Park",
"paragraph_text": "Peacock in the Park is an annual LGBT variety show, held at Washington Park in Portland, Oregon, in the United States. The event was founded in 1987 and ran for 18 years, until it was replaced by the Peacock After Dark event in 2005. Due to popular demand, Peacock in the Park returned in 2014. It is considered family-friendly and is free to attend. Shows feature dancers, drag performances, and live music.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Midnight's Children",
"paragraph_text": "Midnight's Children is a 1981 novel by British Indian author Salman Rushdie. It deals with India's transition from British colonialism to independence and the partition of British India. It is considered an example of postcolonial, postmodern, and magical realist literature.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "New Delhi",
"paragraph_text": "Calcutta (now Kolkata) was the capital of India during the British Raj until December 1911. However, Delhi had served as the political and financial centre of several empires of ancient India and the Delhi Sultanate, most notably of the Mughal Empire from 1649 to 1857. During the early 1900s, a proposal was made to the British administration to shift the capital of the British Indian Empire (as it was officially called) from Calcutta to Delhi. Unlike Calcutta, which was located on the eastern coast of India, Delhi was at the centre of northern India and the Government of British India felt that it would be logistically easier to administer India from the latter rather than the former.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Governor-General of India",
"paragraph_text": "The Governor - General of India (or, from 1858 to 1947, officially the Viceroy and Governor - General of India, commonly shortened to Viceroy of India) was originally the head of the British administration in India and, later, after Indian independence in 1947, the representative of the Indian head of state. The office was created in 1773, with the title of Governor - General of the Presidency of Fort William. The officer had direct control only over Fort William, but supervised other British East India Company officials in India. Complete authority over all of British India was granted in 1833, and the official came to be known as the ``Governor - General of India ''.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "The Copper Peacock",
"paragraph_text": "The Copper Peacock and Other Stories is a short-story collection by British writer Ruth Rendell. The title comes from the 6th story in the collection, in which a copper bookmark in the form of a peacock is gift from a cleaner to her employer, the giving of which has significant ramifications for their relationship. The final story in the collection features her popular series protagonist Inspector Reg Wexford.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
When did the company that employed Edward Gryffydh Peacock take over India?
|
[
{
"id": 745795,
"question": "Edward Gryffydh Peacock >> employer",
"answer": "East India Company",
"paragraph_support_idx": 2
},
{
"id": 47960,
"question": "when did the british #1 take over india",
"answer": "1757",
"paragraph_support_idx": 9
}
] |
1757
|
[] | true |
2hop__745795_66282
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Lucy Crane",
"paragraph_text": "Crane was born in Liverpool in 1842 as the daughter of the portrait and miniature painter Thomas Crane. Her elder brother Thomas and younger brother Walter both became noted artists. The Crane family moved from Liverpool to Torquay in 1845. Lucy then went to school in London, and in 1859 the family left Torquay for London. From an early age, Crane showed considerable taste and skill in drawing and coloring. Circumstances, however, turned her attention to general educational work and she found employment as a governess. She became an accomplished musician, and was not only distinguished for her delicacy of touch as an executant, but also for the classical refinement of her taste and her knowledge of the earlier Italian and English.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "John Doe",
"paragraph_text": "The names ``John Doe ''and`` Richard Roe,'' along with ``John Roe ''or`` Doo'' were regularly invoked in English legal instruments to satisfy technical requirements governing standing and jurisdiction, beginning perhaps as early as the reign of England's King Edward III (1327 -- 1377).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Robichaud v Canada (Treasury Board)",
"paragraph_text": "Robichaud v Canada (Treasury Board), [1987] 2 S.C.R. 84 is a leading case decided by the Supreme Court of Canada on sexual harassment under the Canadian Human Rights Act. The Court found that a corporation can be found liable for the discriminatory conduct of its employees who are acting \"in the course of their employment.\" It also found it necessary to impose liability, as the employer is the only one that is in the position to remedy the discriminatory conduct.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "LSWR 135 class",
"paragraph_text": "The LSWR 135 class was a class of 4-4-0 express steam locomotives designed by William Adams for the London and South Western Railway and introduced in 1880. They were built by Beyer, Peacock and Company and received LSWR numbers 135-146.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "The Copper Peacock",
"paragraph_text": "The Copper Peacock and Other Stories is a short-story collection by British writer Ruth Rendell. The title comes from the 6th story in the collection, in which a copper bookmark in the form of a peacock is gift from a cleaner to her employer, the giving of which has significant ramifications for their relationship. The final story in the collection features her popular series protagonist Inspector Reg Wexford.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "GCR Class 8C",
"paragraph_text": "The GCR Class 8C was a class of a pair of 4-6-0 locomotives built for the Great Central Railway in 1903–1904 by Beyer, Peacock and Company. They passed to the London and North Eastern Railway at the 1923 grouping and received the classification B1 They were reclassified B18 in 1943 and both were retired in 1947.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Michael John Fles",
"paragraph_text": "Michael John Fles was born to a Dutch father, George Fles, and a British mother, Pearl Rimel. As conscious communists, his parents had moved to the Soviet Union, where his father fell victim to Joseph Stalin's Great Purge. The mother, pregnant with Michael John, left the Soviet Union to give birth in London. Mother and son later emigrated to the United States, where Pearl Rimel found employment in the aircraft industry. Michael John grew up in Los Angeles and Ojai, California, where he graduated from the Ojai Valley School in 1950.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Charles Aleyn",
"paragraph_text": "Charles Aleyn (died about 1640), a historical poet in the reign of Charles I, was of Sidney Sussex College, Cambridge; became usher to the celebrated Thomas Farnaby, at his school, in Goldsmith's Rents, and afterwards tutor to Sir Edward Sherburne, himself a poet. He died about 1640.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "LSWR 380 class",
"paragraph_text": "The LSWR 380 class was a class of 4-4-0 tender locomotives designed by William Adams for the London and South Western Railway and introduced about 1879. They were built by Beyer, Peacock and Company and received LSWR numbers 380-391. They were nicknamed \"steam rollers\" because of their small solid bogie wheels. The design was developed from Adams' 46 class 4-4-0T, later rebuilt as 4-4-2T.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Edward Gryffydh Peacock",
"paragraph_text": "Edward Gryffydh Peacock (30 July 1825 – 4 January 1867) was an English official of the East India Company, publisher, writer and rower who won the Wingfield Sculls and Diamond Challenge Sculls at Henley Royal Regatta.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "The Autobiography of a Flea",
"paragraph_text": "The Autobiography of a Flea is an anonymous erotic novel first published in 1887 in London by Edward Avery. Later research has revealed that the author was a London lawyer of the time named Stanislas de Rhodes.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Queen Victoria",
"paragraph_text": "Victoria's father was Prince Edward, Duke of Kent and Strathearn, the fourth son of the reigning King of the United Kingdom, George III. Until 1817, Edward's niece, Princess Charlotte of Wales, was the only legitimate grandchild of George III. Her death in 1817 precipitated a succession crisis that brought pressure on the Duke of Kent and his unmarried brothers to marry and have children. In 1818 he married Princess Victoria of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld, a widowed German princess with two children—Carl (1804–1856) and Feodora (1807–1872)—by her first marriage to the Prince of Leiningen. Her brother Leopold was Princess Charlotte's widower. The Duke and Duchess of Kent's only child, Victoria, was born at 4.15 a.m. on 24 May 1819 at Kensington Palace in London.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "London",
"paragraph_text": "Along with professional services, media companies are concentrated in London and the media distribution industry is London's second most competitive sector. The BBC is a significant employer, while other broadcasters also have headquarters around the City. Many national newspapers are edited in London. London is a major retail centre and in 2010 had the highest non-food retail sales of any city in the world, with a total spend of around £64.2 billion. The Port of London is the second-largest in the United Kingdom, handling 45 million tonnes of cargo each year.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Edward Randolph",
"paragraph_text": "Edward Randolph (~October 1690 – after 1756), sometimes referred to as Edward Randolph of Bremo, was a ship captain, a London tobacco merchant, and the seventh and youngest son of William Randolph and Mary Isham.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Edward Gryffydh Peacock",
"paragraph_text": "Peacock was the son of the poet Thomas Love Peacock and his wife Jane Gryffydh. In 1841 he was appointed midshipman in the Indian Navy. He arrived in India in October 1841 but returned to England for medical reasons in April 1842. In 1844 he became a clerk in the examiners office at East India House. He collaborated with George Meredith in publishing a privately circulated literary magazine, the \"Monthly Observer\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Nightmare Abbey",
"paragraph_text": "Nightmare Abbey is an 1818 novella by Thomas Love Peacock, and his third long work of fiction to be published. It was written in late March and June 1818, and published in London in November of the same year by T. Hookham Jr of Old Bond Street and Baldwin, Craddock & Joy of Paternoster Row. The novella was lightly revised by the author in 1837 for republication in Volume 57 of \"Bentley's Standard Novels\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "East India Company",
"paragraph_text": "The company received a Royal Charter from Queen Elizabeth I on 31 December 1600, making it the oldest among several similarly formed European East India Companies. Wealthy merchants and aristocrats owned the company's shares. Initially the government owned no shares and had only indirect control.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Frank Borzage",
"paragraph_text": "In 1912, Frank Borzage found employment as an actor in Hollywood; he continued to work as an actor until 1917. His directorial debut came in 1915 with the film, \"The Pitch o' Chance\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Palace of Westminster",
"paragraph_text": "The Palace of Westminster site was strategically important during the Middle Ages, as it was located on the banks of the River Thames. Known in medieval times as Thorney Island, the site may have been first-used for a royal residence by Canute the Great during his reign from 1016 to 1035. St Edward the Confessor, the penultimate Anglo-Saxon monarch of England, built a royal palace on Thorney Island just west of the City of London at about the same time as he built Westminster Abbey (1045–1050). Thorney Island and the surrounding area soon became known as Westminster (a contraction of the words West Minster). Neither the buildings used by the Anglo-Saxons nor those used by William I survive. The oldest existing part of the Palace (Westminster Hall) dates from the reign of William I's successor, King William II.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Peacock in the Park",
"paragraph_text": "Peacock in the Park is an annual LGBT variety show, held at Washington Park in Portland, Oregon, in the United States. The event was founded in 1987 and ran for 18 years, until it was replaced by the Peacock After Dark event in 2005. Due to popular demand, Peacock in the Park returned in 2014. It is considered family-friendly and is free to attend. Shows feature dancers, drag performances, and live music.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
During whose reign was Edward Gryffydh Peacock's employer founded?
|
[
{
"id": 745795,
"question": "Edward Gryffydh Peacock >> employer",
"answer": "East India Company",
"paragraph_support_idx": 9
},
{
"id": 66282,
"question": "#1 founded in london during the reign of",
"answer": "Queen Elizabeth I",
"paragraph_support_idx": 16
}
] |
Queen Elizabeth I
|
[] | true |
2hop__6092_79562
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "John Weever",
"paragraph_text": "John Weever (1576–1632) was an English antiquary and poet. He is best known for his \"Epigrammes in the Oldest Cut, and Newest Fashion\" (1599), containing epigrams on Shakespeare, Ben Jonson, and other poets of his day, and for his \"Ancient Funerall Monuments\", the first full-length book to be dedicated to the topic of English church monuments and epitaphs, which was published in 1631, the year before his death.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Guam",
"paragraph_text": "The United States took control of the island in the 1898 Spanish–American War, as part of the Treaty of Paris. Guam was transferred to U.S. Navy control on 23 December 1898 by Executive Order 108-A. Guam came to serve as a station for American ships traveling to and from the Philippines, while the Northern Mariana Islands passed to Germany, and then to Japan. A U.S. Navy yard was established at Piti in 1899, and a marine barracks at Sumay in 1901.:13 Following the Philippine–American War, Emilio Aguinaldo and Apolinario Mabini were exiled on Guam in 1901.:vi",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Jean Laborde",
"paragraph_text": "Jean Laborde (16 October 1805 in Auch - 27 December 1878 in Madagascar) was an adventurer and early industrialist in Madagascar. He became the chief engineer of the Merina monarchy, supervising the creation of a modern manufacturing center under Queen Ranavalona I. Later he became the first French consul to Madagascar, when the government of Napoleon III used him to establish French influence on the island.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Dante's Dream",
"paragraph_text": "Dante's Dream (full title Dante's Dream at the Time of the Death of Beatrice) is a painting from 1871 by the English Pre-Raphaelite painter Dante Gabriel Rossetti. It hangs in the Walker Art Gallery, Liverpool, Merseyside, England.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Sam Fletcher (soccer)",
"paragraph_text": "Sam Fletcher (1890 in Manchester, England – 22 January 1972 in Cranston, Rhode Island) was an English football (soccer) full back who played professionally in England, Canada and the United States. He later coached the Brown University soccer team.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Protestantism",
"paragraph_text": "Puritans were blocked from changing the established church from within, and were severely restricted in England by laws controlling the practice of religion. Their beliefs, however, were transported by the emigration of congregations to the Netherlands (and later to New England), and by evangelical clergy to Ireland (and later into Wales), and were spread into lay society and parts of the educational system, particularly certain colleges of the University of Cambridge. They took on distinctive beliefs about clerical dress and in opposition to the episcopal system, particularly after the 1619 conclusions of the Synod of Dort they were resisted by the English bishops. They largely adopted Sabbatarianism in the 17th century, and were influenced by millennialism.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Saint Helena",
"paragraph_text": "After Napoleon's death, the thousands of temporary visitors were soon withdrawn and the East India Company resumed full control of Saint Helena. Between 1815 and 1830, the EIC made available to the government of the island the packet schooner St Helena, which made multiple trips per year between the island and the Cape carrying passengers both ways, and supplies of wine and provisions back to the island.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Saint Helena",
"paragraph_text": "Owing to Napoleon's praise of Saint Helena’s coffee during his exile on the island, the product enjoyed a brief popularity in Paris in the years after his death.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Goffredo Lombardo",
"paragraph_text": "Goffredo Lombardo (15 May 1920 – 2 February 2005) was an Italian film producer. He was the son of the producer Gustavo Lombardo and took over control of the company Titanus after his father's death in 1951.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "History of India",
"paragraph_text": "The Indian rebellion of 1857 was a large-scale rebellion by soldiers employed by the British East India in northern and central India against the Company's rule. The rebels were disorganized, had differing goals, and were poorly equipped, led, and trained, and had no outside support or funding. They were brutally suppressed and the British government took control of the Company and eliminated many of the grievances that caused it. The government also was determined to keep full control so that no rebellion of such size would ever happen again.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Napoleon",
"paragraph_text": "The Russian army withdrew and retreated past Moscow. Napoleon entered the city, assuming its fall would end the war and Alexander would negotiate peace. However, on orders of the city's governor Feodor Rostopchin, rather than capitulation, Moscow was burned. After five weeks, Napoleon and his army left. In early November Napoleon got concerned about loss of control back in France after the Malet coup of 1812. His army walked through snow up to their knees and nearly 10,000 men and horses froze to death on the night of 8/9 November alone. After Battle of Berezina Napoleon succeeded to escape but had to abandon much of the remaining artillery and baggage train. On 5 December, shortly before arriving in Vilnius, Napoleon left the army in a sledge.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Second Battle of Polotsk",
"paragraph_text": "The Second Battle of Polotsk (18–20 October 1812) took place during Napoleon's invasion of Russia. In this encounter the Russians under General Peter Wittgenstein attacked and defeated a Franco-Bavarian force under Laurent Gouvion Saint-Cyr. In the aftermath of this success, the Russians took Polotsk and dismantled Napoleon's operations in Belarus. Wittgenstein's victory set the stage for the Battle of Berezina in November, in which three Russian armies converged on Napoleon from separate directions.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "East India Company",
"paragraph_text": "The company received a Royal Charter from Queen Elizabeth I on 31 December 1600, coming relatively late to trade in the Indies. Before them the Portuguese Estado da Índia had traded there for much of the 16th century and the first of half a dozen Dutch Companies sailed to trade there from 1595, which amalgamated in March 1602 into the United East Indies Company (VOC), which introduced the first permanent joint stock from 1612 (meaning investment into shares did not need to be returned, but could be traded on a stock exchange). Wealthy merchants and aristocrats owned the EIC's shares. Initially the government owned no shares and had only indirect control until 1657 when permanent joint stock was established.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Battle of Texel",
"paragraph_text": "The naval Battle of Texel or Battle of Kijkduin took place off the southern coast of island of Texel on 21 August 1673 (11 August O.S.) between the Dutch and the combined English and French fleets. It was the last major battle of the Third Anglo-Dutch War, which was itself part of the Franco-Dutch War (1672–1678), during which Louis XIV of France invaded the Republic and sought to establish control over the Spanish Netherlands. English involvement came about because of the Treaty of Dover, secretly concluded by Charles II of England, and which was highly unpopular with the English Parliament.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Alps",
"paragraph_text": "During the Napoleonic Wars in the late 18th century and early 19th century, Napoleon annexed territory formerly controlled by the Habsburgs and Savoys. In 1798 he established the Helvetic Republic in Switzerland; two years later he led an army across the St. Bernard pass and conquered almost all of the Alpine regions.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Cell Biochemistry & Function",
"paragraph_text": "Cell Biochemistry & Function is a peer-reviewed scientific journal published by Wiley-Blackwell. Its 2010 impact factor is 1.651. The journal was established in 1983 and the full archive is available online. The journal covers research on the molecular and biochemical mechanisms controlling cellular activity.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Master and Commander",
"paragraph_text": "Master and Commander is a nautical historical novel by the English author Patrick O'Brian, first published in 1969 in the US and 1970 in UK. The book proved to be the start of the 20-novel Aubrey-Maturin series, set largely in the era of the Napoleonic Wars, that O'Brian continued working on up until his death in 2000.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Palermo",
"paragraph_text": "The Muslims took control of the Island in 904, after decades of fierce fighting, and the Emirate of Sicily was established. Muslim rule on the island lasted for about 120 years and was marked by cruelty and brutality against the native population, which was reduced into near slavery[clarification needed] and Christian churches across the island were all completely destroyed.[page needed] Palermo (Balarm during Arab rule) displaced Syracuse as the capital city of Sicily. It was said to have then begun to compete with Córdoba and Cairo in terms of importance and splendor. For more than one hundred years Palermo was the capital of a flourishing emirate. The Arabs also introduced many agricultural crops which remain a mainstay of Sicilian cuisine.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Napoleon",
"paragraph_text": "Tensions over rising Polish nationalism and the economic effects of the Continental System led to renewed confrontation with Russia. To enforce his blockade, Napoleon launched an invasion of Russia in the summer of 1812. The resulting campaign witnessed the catastrophic collapse of the Grand Army, forcing the French to retreat, as well as leading to the widespread destruction of Russian lands and cities. In 1813, Prussia and Austria joined Russian forces in a Sixth Coalition against France. A chaotic military campaign in Central Europe eventually culminated in a large Allied army defeating Napoleon at the Battle of Leipzig in October. The next year, the Allies invaded France and captured Paris, forcing Napoleon to abdicate in April 1814. He was exiled to the island of Elba. The Bourbons were restored to power and the French lost most of the territories that they had conquered since the Revolution. However, Napoleon escaped from Elba in February 1815 and took control of the government once again. The Allies responded by forming a Seventh Coalition, which ultimately defeated Napoleon at the Battle of Waterloo in June. The Royal Navy then thwarted his planned escape to the United States in July, so he surrendered to the British after running out of other options. The British exiled him to the remote island of Saint Helena in the South Atlantic. His death in 1821 at the age of 51 was received with shock and grief throughout Europe. In 1840, a million people witnessed his remains returning to Paris, where they still reside at Les Invalides.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "New Amsterdam",
"paragraph_text": "New Amsterdam was renamed New York on September 8, 1664, in honor of the Duke of York (later James II of England), in whose name the English had captured it. After the Second Anglo - Dutch War of 1665 -- 1667, England and the United Provinces of the Netherlands agreed to the status quo in the Treaty of Breda. The English kept the island of Manhattan, the Dutch giving up their claim to the town and the rest of the colony, while the English formally abandoned Surinam in South America, and the island of Run in the East Indies to the Dutch, confirming their control of the valuable Spice Islands. Today much of what was once New Amsterdam is New York City.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
When was the English company that took full control of the island after Napoleon's death established?
|
[
{
"id": 6092,
"question": "Who took full control of the island after Napoleon's death?",
"answer": "East India Company",
"paragraph_support_idx": 6
},
{
"id": 79562,
"question": "when was the english #1 established",
"answer": "31 December 1600",
"paragraph_support_idx": 12
}
] |
31 December 1600
|
[] | true |
2hop__33494_66282
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Raid on Groton",
"paragraph_text": "The Raid on Groton happened during King William's War, on July 18, 1694, at Groton, Massachusetts. This was one of numerous attacks against the settlement in the late 17th and early 18th centuries; the village was also raided in 1707 during Queen Anne's War. The French and their First Nations allies did a brisk trade in ransoming captives; some of the youngest captives were adopted by Mohawk families.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "London",
"paragraph_text": "The 2011 census recorded that 2,998,264 people or 36.7% of London's population are foreign-born making London the city with the second largest immigrant population, behind New York City, in terms of absolute numbers. The table to the right shows the most common countries of birth of London residents. Note that some of the German-born population, in 18th position, are British citizens from birth born to parents serving in the British Armed Forces in Germany. With increasing industrialisation, London's population grew rapidly throughout the 19th and early 20th centuries, and it was for some time in the late 19th and early 20th centuries the most populous city in the world. Its population peaked at 8,615,245 in 1939 immediately before the outbreak of the Second World War, but had declined to 7,192,091 at the 2001 Census. However, the population then grew by just over a million between the 2001 and 2011 Censuses, to reach 8,173,941 in the latter enumeration.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Boston",
"paragraph_text": "In 1629, the Massachusetts Bay Colony's first governor, John Winthrop, led the signing of the Cambridge Agreement, a key founding document of the city. Puritan ethics and their focus on education influenced its early history; America's first public school was founded in Boston in 1635. Over the next 130 years, the city participated in four French and Indian Wars, until the British defeated the French and their native allies in North America. Boston was the largest town in British North America until Philadelphia grew larger in the mid 18th century.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Wig",
"paragraph_text": "Among women in the French court of Versailles in the mid-to - late 18th century, large, elaborate and often themed wigs (such as the stereotypical ``boat poufs '') were in vogue for women. These combed - up hair extensions were often very heavy, weighted down with pomades, powders, and other ornamentation. In the late 18th century these coiffures (along with many other indulgences in court life) became symbolic of the decadence of the French nobility, and for that reason quickly became out of fashion from the beginning of the French Revolution in 1789.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Cornelia van der Mijn",
"paragraph_text": "Cornelia van der Mijn (1709, Amsterdam – 1782, London), was an 18th-century flower painter from the Northern Netherlands active in London in the 1760s.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Early modern Europe",
"paragraph_text": "Early modern Europe is the period of European history between the end of the Middle Ages and the beginning of the Industrial Revolution, roughly the late 15th century to the late 18th century. Historians variously mark the beginning of the early modern period with the invention of moveable type printing in the 1450s, the Fall of Constantinople in 1453, the end of the Wars of the Roses in 1487, the beginning of the High Renaissance in Italy in the 1490s, the end of the Reconquista and subsequent voyages of Christopher Columbus to the Americas in 1492, or the start of the Protestant Reformation in 1517. The precise dates of its end point also vary and are usually linked with either the start of the French Revolution in 1789 or with the more vaguely defined beginning of the Industrial Revolution in late 18th century England.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Retirement",
"paragraph_text": "Retirement, or the practice of leaving one's job or ceasing to work after reaching a certain age, has been around since around the 18th century. Prior to the 18th century, the average life expectancy of people was between 26 and 40 years. Due to this, only a small percentage of the population were reaching an age where physical impairments began to be obstacles to working. Retirement as a government policy began to be adopted by countries during the late 19th century and the 20th century, beginning in Germany under Otto Von Bismarck.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Granby Center Historic District",
"paragraph_text": "The Granby Center Historic District is a predominantly residential historic district encompassing a portion of the village of Granby Center in Granby, Connecticut. The village developed in the 18th century as a farming center, and a now includes a variety of architectural styles from the late 18th to early 20th centuries. The district was listed on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) in 1985.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "East India Company",
"paragraph_text": "The company received a Royal Charter from Queen Elizabeth I on 31 December 1600, making it the oldest among several similarly formed European East India Companies. Wealthy merchants and aristocrats owned the company's shares. Initially the government owned no shares and had only indirect control.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Blackburn House, West Lothian",
"paragraph_text": "Blackburn House is a category A-listed Georgian house, situated just outside Blackburn and Seafield in West Lothian, Scotland. Blackburn House was built in the late 18th century by George Moncrieff. The building originally acted as a gateway to Blackburn, the town which Moncrieff founded, after making his money running plantations in the West Indies.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Where's Jack?",
"paragraph_text": "Where's Jack? is a 1969 film recounting the exploits of notorious 18th-century criminal Jack Sheppard and London \"Thief-Taker General\" Jonathan Wild.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Johann Friedrich Gleditsch",
"paragraph_text": "Johann Friedrich Gleditsch (15 August 1653 – 26 March 1716) was a major book publisher in the late 17th and early 18th centuries.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Hyderabad",
"paragraph_text": "In 1769 Hyderabad city became the formal capital of the Nizams. In response to regular threats from Hyder Ali (Dalwai of Mysore), Baji Rao I (Peshwa of the Maratha Empire), and Basalath Jung (Asif Jah II's elder brother, who was supported by the Marquis de Bussy-Castelnau), the Nizam signed a subsidiary alliance with the East India Company in 1798, allowing the British Indian Army to occupy Bolarum (modern Secunderabad) to protect the state's borders, for which the Nizams paid an annual maintenance to the British.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "London Bridge Is Falling Down",
"paragraph_text": "``London Bridge Is Falling Down ''(also known as`` My Fair Lady'' or ``London Bridge '') is a traditional English nursery rhyme and singing game, which is found in different versions all over the world. It deals with the depredations of London Bridge and attempts, realistic or fanciful, to repair it. It may date back to bridge rhymes and games of the Late Middle Ages, but the earliest records of the rhyme in English are from the seventeenth century. The lyrics were first printed in close to their modern form in the mid-eighteenth century and became popular, particularly in Britain and the United States during the 19th century.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Szlachta",
"paragraph_text": "According to heraldic sources 1,600 is a total estimated number of all legal ennoblements throughout the history of Kingdom of Poland and Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth from the 14th century onward (half of which were performed in the final years of the late 18th century).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Moosarambagh",
"paragraph_text": "Moosrambagh also Moosa Ram Bagh is an old suburb of Hyderabad, Telangana, India. It is named after the French military commander Monsieur Raymond who served the Nizams during the 18th century. His tomb Raymond's Tomb is located near Asman Garh Palace. The locality of \"Moosa-Ram-Bagh\" is named after him. Wherein, Bagh refers to \"a Garden\" as the area was once covered by huge greenery.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Rising Sun Inn",
"paragraph_text": "The Rising Sun Inn is a historic home in Anne Arundel County, Maryland, United States. It is a mid- and late-18th-century -story frame house. The earlier section dates to about 1753 and is covered with a gable roof and features a brick gable end. In the late 18th century, a frame, one-room gambrel roof wing was added to the northwest gable end of the house. Since 1916, it has been used as the headquarters of the Ann Arundel Chapter of the Daughters of the American Revolution.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "John Rider House",
"paragraph_text": "The John Rider House is located on Main Street (CT 53) in Danbury, Connecticut, United States. It is a wooden frame house dating to the late 18th century.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Ragnhild Hatton",
"paragraph_text": "Ragnhild Marie Hatton (born in Bergen, Norway on 10 January 1913 – died in London on 16 May 1995) was professor of International History at the London School of Economics. As the author of her obituary declared, she was \"for a generation Britain's leading historian of 17th- and 18th century Europe...\"",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Let Joy Reign Supreme",
"paragraph_text": "Que la fête commence... (English title Let Joy Reign Supreme) is a 1975 French film directed by Bertrand Tavernier and starring Philippe Noiret. It is a historical drama set during the 18th century French Régence centring on the Breton Pontcallec Conspiracy.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
During whose reign was Nizam's ally in the late 18th century founded in London?
|
[
{
"id": 33494,
"question": "Whom did the Nizam ally with in the late 18th century?",
"answer": "East India Company",
"paragraph_support_idx": 12
},
{
"id": 66282,
"question": "#1 founded in london during the reign of",
"answer": "Queen Elizabeth I",
"paragraph_support_idx": 8
}
] |
Queen Elizabeth I
|
[] | true |
2hop__678848_66282
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Frank Borzage",
"paragraph_text": "In 1912, Frank Borzage found employment as an actor in Hollywood; he continued to work as an actor until 1917. His directorial debut came in 1915 with the film, \"The Pitch o' Chance\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Lucy Crane",
"paragraph_text": "Crane was born in Liverpool in 1842 as the daughter of the portrait and miniature painter Thomas Crane. Her elder brother Thomas and younger brother Walter both became noted artists. The Crane family moved from Liverpool to Torquay in 1845. Lucy then went to school in London, and in 1859 the family left Torquay for London. From an early age, Crane showed considerable taste and skill in drawing and coloring. Circumstances, however, turned her attention to general educational work and she found employment as a governess. She became an accomplished musician, and was not only distinguished for her delicacy of touch as an executant, but also for the classical refinement of her taste and her knowledge of the earlier Italian and English.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Madison, Wisconsin",
"paragraph_text": "Founded in 1829 on an isthmus between Lake Monona and Lake Mendota, Madison was named the capital of the Wisconsin Territory in 1836 and became the capital of the state of Wisconsin when it was admitted to the Union in 1848. That same year, the University of Wisconsin was founded in Madison and the state government and university have become the city's two largest employers. The city is also known for its lakes, restaurants, and extensive network of parks and bike trails, with much of the park system designed by landscape architect John Nolen.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Abstract (album)",
"paragraph_text": "Abstract is the third album by Jamaican saxophonist Joe Harriott recorded in England in 1961 and 1962 and released on the Capitol label.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "London",
"paragraph_text": "Along with professional services, media companies are concentrated in London and the media distribution industry is London's second most competitive sector. The BBC is a significant employer, while other broadcasters also have headquarters around the City. Many national newspapers are edited in London. London is a major retail centre and in 2010 had the highest non-food retail sales of any city in the world, with a total spend of around £64.2 billion. The Port of London is the second-largest in the United Kingdom, handling 45 million tonnes of cargo each year.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Kenny Dwan",
"paragraph_text": "Dwan was born in Rotherhithe, London to a family of lightermen in the Port of London. He joined Poplar Blackwall and District Rowing Club at the age of 12 initially as a cox but soon as an oarsman. When he was 15 he was apprenticed as lighterman to his grandfather Williams and this allowed him to enter the novice sculls in the National Dock Labour Board (NDLB) regatta at Putney. He won the race which included contestants of that year’s Doggett's Coat and Badge Race. While he was sculling he continued working as a lighterman and worked for Humphrey & Grey starting as a boy in the tug Sir John. After two year with Humphrey & Grey he obtained his lighterman’s licence and went on the dock labour pool to experience a variety of firms. During 1967 the decasualisation scheme following Devlin’s report was implemented and all dock workers had to be allocated to an employer. Dwan was allocated to F.T. Everard at Greenhithe, of whom he said “The management were very good to me in allowing me time to train. I could not have wished for better employers”.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "John Axouch",
"paragraph_text": "John Axouch or Axouchos, also transliterated as Axuch (, flourished circa 1087 – circa 1150) was the commander-in-chief (\"megas domestikos\") of the Byzantine army during the reign of Emperor John II Komnenos (r. 1118–1143), and during the early part of the reign of his son Manuel I Komnenos (r. 1143–1180). He may also have served as the \"de facto\" chief of the civil administration of the Byzantine Empire.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "East India Company",
"paragraph_text": "The company received a Royal Charter from Queen Elizabeth I on 31 December 1600, making it the oldest among several similarly formed European East India Companies. Wealthy merchants and aristocrats owned the company's shares. Initially the government owned no shares and had only indirect control.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Robichaud v Canada (Treasury Board)",
"paragraph_text": "Robichaud v Canada (Treasury Board), [1987] 2 S.C.R. 84 is a leading case decided by the Supreme Court of Canada on sexual harassment under the Canadian Human Rights Act. The Court found that a corporation can be found liable for the discriminatory conduct of its employees who are acting \"in the course of their employment.\" It also found it necessary to impose liability, as the employer is the only one that is in the position to remedy the discriminatory conduct.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Old Holborn",
"paragraph_text": "Old Holborn is a brand of hand rolling tobacco produced by Richard Lloyd & Sons (a subsidiary of Gallaher Group which itself is a subsidiary of Japan Tobacco). The trademark is a depiction of Staple Inn in Holborn, London.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "John Julius Angerstein",
"paragraph_text": "John Julius Angerstein (1735 – 22 January 1823) was a London businessman and Lloyd's underwriter, a patron of the fine arts and a collector. It was the prospect that his collection of paintings was about to be sold by his estate in 1824 that galvanised the founding of the British National Gallery.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "John Staples Harriott",
"paragraph_text": "John Staples Harriott (1780–1839) was a British army officer stationed in India, in the service of the East India Company. He came to acquire the \"Jami' al-tawarikh\" in its original manuscript. In his studies of the Roma people, he made an identification with a legend of Bahram Gur and the Luri to support a Romani presence in Sasanid Persia, now considered to be an unjustified and uncritical deduction that has persisted.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Charles Albert Watts",
"paragraph_text": "Charles Albert Watts was the son of Charles Watts and his wife Kate Eunice Watts, and nephew of John Watts, all of whom were active in the rationalist and secularist movement in London, based around Charles Bradlaugh. John and Charles Watts both edited the \"National Reformer\", and founded a radical publishing house, Watts & Co., in London in 1864. Charles Watts co-founded the National Secular Society in 1866, and became a leading spokesman for the group after his brother's death, but broke with Bradlaugh in 1877 and, in 1883, emigrated to Toronto, Ontario, Canada, leaving his son Charles Albert to run his publishing house and continue his editorial work.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "John, King of England",
"paragraph_text": "Historical interpretations of John have been subject to considerable change over the years. Medieval chroniclers provided the first contemporary, or near contemporary, histories of John's reign. One group of chroniclers wrote early in John's life, or around the time of his accession, including Richard of Devizes, William of Newburgh, Roger of Hoveden and Ralph de Diceto. These historians were generally unsympathetic to John's behaviour under Richard's rule, but slightly more positive towards the very earliest years of John's reign. Reliable accounts of the middle and later parts of John's reign are more limited, with Gervase of Canterbury and Ralph of Coggeshall writing the main accounts; neither of them were positive about John's performance as king. Much of John's later, negative reputation was established by two chroniclers writing after the king's death, Roger of Wendover and Matthew Paris, the latter claiming that John attempted conversion to Islam in exchange for military aid from the Almohad ruler Muhammad al-Nasir - a story which is considered to be untrue by modern historians.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Los Angeles Kings",
"paragraph_text": "Los Angeles Kings 2018 -- 19 Los Angeles Kings season Conference Western Division Pacific Founded 1967 History Los Angeles Kings 1967 -- present Home arena Staples Center City Los Angeles, California Colors Silver, black, white Media FS West Prime Ticket My13 iHeartRadio Univision Deportes (1020 AM) Owner (s) Los Angeles Kings Hockey Club, L.P., an AEG company (Philip Anschutz, chairman) General manager Rob Blake Head coach John Stevens Captain Anze Kopitar Minor league affiliates Ontario Reign (AHL) Manchester Monarchs (ECHL) Stanley Cups 2 (2011 -- 12, 2013 -- 14) Conference championships 3 (1992 -- 93, 2011 -- 12, 2013 -- 14) Presidents' Trophy 0 Division championships 1 (1990 -- 91) Official website nhl.com/kings",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Point Blank Records",
"paragraph_text": "Point Blank Records was founded in 1988 by John Wooler. Wooler served as Deputy Head of A&R at Virgin Records UK from 1984 to 1994 and Senior Vice President of Virgin Records US from 1994 to 2002. He had a passion for blues, Americana and soul. His manager, Simon Draper, granted him a small budget to create the label. The first act signed to the record label was Larry McCray followed by Albert Collins and The Kinsey Report. Artists such as John Lee Hooker, Solomon Burke, Pops Staples, John Hammond, Walter \"Wolfman\" Washington, Van Morrison, and Johnny Winter were later signed to the label as well. Wooler signed all the musicians on the label and produced many of them.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Michael John Fles",
"paragraph_text": "Michael John Fles was born to a Dutch father, George Fles, and a British mother, Pearl Rimel. As conscious communists, his parents had moved to the Soviet Union, where his father fell victim to Joseph Stalin's Great Purge. The mother, pregnant with Michael John, left the Soviet Union to give birth in London. Mother and son later emigrated to the United States, where Pearl Rimel found employment in the aircraft industry. Michael John grew up in Los Angeles and Ojai, California, where he graduated from the Ojai Valley School in 1950.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "John Pinches",
"paragraph_text": "Pinches was born at Chelsea, London, the son of John Robert Pinches and Irene Inchbold. His father was a medallist in the family business which was founded in London by Pinches’ great-great uncle in 1840. After attending Chelsea Polytechnic and two years’ engineering training, Pinches joined the family firm.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Pat Smythe (pianist)",
"paragraph_text": "Patrick Mungo Smythe (May 1923 – 1983) was a Scottish jazz pianist who rose to prominence as a member of the Joe Harriott Quintet during the 1960s.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "John, King of England",
"paragraph_text": "In the 1940s, new interpretations of John's reign began to emerge, based on research into the record evidence of his reign, such as pipe rolls, charters, court documents and similar primary records. Notably, an essay by Vivian Galbraith in 1945 proposed a \"new approach\" to understanding the ruler. The use of recorded evidence was combined with an increased scepticism about two of the most colourful chroniclers of John's reign, Roger of Wendover and Matthew Paris. In many cases the detail provided by these chroniclers, both writing after John's death, was challenged by modern historians. Interpretations of Magna Carta and the role of the rebel barons in 1215 have been significantly revised: although the charter's symbolic, constitutional value for later generations is unquestionable, in the context of John's reign most historians now consider it a failed peace agreement between \"partisan\" factions. There has been increasing debate about the nature of John's Irish policies. Specialists in Irish medieval history, such as Sean Duffy, have challenged the conventional narrative established by Lewis Warren, suggesting that Ireland was less stable by 1216 than was previously supposed.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
During whose reign was John Staples Harriott's employer founded in London?
|
[
{
"id": 678848,
"question": "John Staples Harriott >> employer",
"answer": "East India Company",
"paragraph_support_idx": 11
},
{
"id": 66282,
"question": "#1 founded in london during the reign of",
"answer": "Queen Elizabeth I",
"paragraph_support_idx": 7
}
] |
Queen Elizabeth I
|
[] | true |
2hop__6092_45004
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Pacific Ocean",
"paragraph_text": "In Oceania, France obtained a leading position as imperial power after making Tahiti and New Caledonia protectorates in 1842 and 1853 respectively. After navy visits to Easter Island in 1875 and 1887, Chilean navy officer Policarpo Toro negotiated the incorporation of the island into Chile with native Rapanui in 1888. By occupying Easter Island, Chile joined the imperial nations. By 1900 nearly all Pacific islands were in control of Britain, France, United States, Germany, Japan, and Chile.Although the United States gained control of Guam and the Philippines from Spain in 1898, Japan controlled most of the western Pacific by 1914 and occupied many other islands during World War II. However, by the end of that war, Japan was defeated and the U.S. Pacific Fleet was the virtual master of the ocean. Since the end of World War II, many former colonies in the Pacific have become independent states.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Saint Helena",
"paragraph_text": "After Napoleon's death, the thousands of temporary visitors were soon withdrawn and the East India Company resumed full control of Saint Helena. Between 1815 and 1830, the EIC made available to the government of the island the packet schooner St Helena, which made multiple trips per year between the island and the Cape carrying passengers both ways, and supplies of wine and provisions back to the island.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Dutch East India Company",
"paragraph_text": "The United East India Company, sometimes known as the United East Indies Company (Dutch: Vereenigde Oostindische Compagnie; or Verenigde Oost - Indische Compagnie in modern spelling; abbreviated to VOC), better known to the English - speaking world as the Dutch East India Company or sometimes as the Dutch East Indies Company, was a multinational corporation that was founded in 1602 and became defunct in 1799. It was originally established as a chartered company to trade with India and Indianized Southeast Asian countries when the Dutch government granted it a 21 - year monopoly on the Dutch spice trade. The VOC was an early multinational corporation in its modern sense. In the early 1600s, by widely issuing bonds and shares of stock to the general public, the VOC became the world's first formally listed public company. In other words, it was the first corporation to be ever actually listed on an official stock exchange. The VOC was influential in the rise of corporate - led globalization in the early modern period. With its pioneering institutional innovations and powerful roles in world history, the company is considered by many to be the first major modern global corporation, and at its height was the most valuable corporation ever.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Second Battle of Polotsk",
"paragraph_text": "The Second Battle of Polotsk (18–20 October 1812) took place during Napoleon's invasion of Russia. In this encounter the Russians under General Peter Wittgenstein attacked and defeated a Franco-Bavarian force under Laurent Gouvion Saint-Cyr. In the aftermath of this success, the Russians took Polotsk and dismantled Napoleon's operations in Belarus. Wittgenstein's victory set the stage for the Battle of Berezina in November, in which three Russian armies converged on Napoleon from separate directions.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Napoleon",
"paragraph_text": "After returning from Egypt, Napoleon engineered a coup in November 1799 and became First Consul of the Republic. Another victory over the Austrians at the Battle of Marengo in 1800 secured his political power. With the Concordat of 1801, Napoleon restored the religious privileges of the Catholic Church while keeping the lands seized by the Revolution. The state continued to nominate the bishops and to control church finances. He extended his political control over France until the Senate declared him Emperor of the French in 1804, launching the French Empire. Intractable differences with the British meant that the French were facing a Third Coalition by 1805. Napoleon shattered this coalition with decisive victories in the Ulm Campaign and a historic triumph at the Battle of Austerlitz, which led to the elimination of the Holy Roman Empire. In October 1805, however, a Franco-Spanish fleet was destroyed at the Battle of Trafalgar, allowing Britain to impose a naval blockade of the French coasts. In retaliation, Napoleon established the Continental System in 1806 to cut off continental trade with Britain. The Fourth Coalition took up arms against him the same year because Prussia became worried about growing French influence on the continent. Napoleon knocked out Prussia at the battles of Jena and Auerstedt, then turned his attention towards the Russians and annihilated them in June 1807 at Friedland, which forced the Russians to accept the Treaties of Tilsit.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Battle of Texel",
"paragraph_text": "The naval Battle of Texel or Battle of Kijkduin took place off the southern coast of island of Texel on 21 August 1673 (11 August O.S.) between the Dutch and the combined English and French fleets. It was the last major battle of the Third Anglo-Dutch War, which was itself part of the Franco-Dutch War (1672–1678), during which Louis XIV of France invaded the Republic and sought to establish control over the Spanish Netherlands. English involvement came about because of the Treaty of Dover, secretly concluded by Charles II of England, and which was highly unpopular with the English Parliament.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "New Amsterdam",
"paragraph_text": "New Amsterdam was renamed New York on September 8, 1664, in honor of the Duke of York (later James II of England), in whose name the English had captured it. After the Second Anglo - Dutch War of 1665 -- 1667, England and the United Provinces of the Netherlands agreed to the status quo in the Treaty of Breda. The English kept the island of Manhattan, the Dutch giving up their claim to the town and the rest of the colony, while the English formally abandoned Surinam in South America, and the island of Run in the East Indies to the Dutch, confirming their control of the valuable Spice Islands. Today much of what was once New Amsterdam is New York City.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Goffredo Lombardo",
"paragraph_text": "Goffredo Lombardo (15 May 1920 – 2 February 2005) was an Italian film producer. He was the son of the producer Gustavo Lombardo and took over control of the company Titanus after his father's death in 1951.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Guam",
"paragraph_text": "The United States took control of the island in the 1898 Spanish–American War, as part of the Treaty of Paris. Guam was transferred to U.S. Navy control on 23 December 1898 by Executive Order 108-A. Guam came to serve as a station for American ships traveling to and from the Philippines, while the Northern Mariana Islands passed to Germany, and then to Japan. A U.S. Navy yard was established at Piti in 1899, and a marine barracks at Sumay in 1901.:13 Following the Philippine–American War, Emilio Aguinaldo and Apolinario Mabini were exiled on Guam in 1901.:vi",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Napoleon",
"paragraph_text": "The Russian army withdrew and retreated past Moscow. Napoleon entered the city, assuming its fall would end the war and Alexander would negotiate peace. However, on orders of the city's governor Feodor Rostopchin, rather than capitulation, Moscow was burned. After five weeks, Napoleon and his army left. In early November Napoleon got concerned about loss of control back in France after the Malet coup of 1812. His army walked through snow up to their knees and nearly 10,000 men and horses froze to death on the night of 8/9 November alone. After Battle of Berezina Napoleon succeeded to escape but had to abandon much of the remaining artillery and baggage train. On 5 December, shortly before arriving in Vilnius, Napoleon left the army in a sledge.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "France–United Kingdom relations",
"paragraph_text": "After escaping and briefly threatening to restore the French Empire, Napoleon was defeated by combined British, Prussian and Dutch forces at Battle of Waterloo in June 1815. With strong British support, the Bourbon monarchy was restored and Louis XVIII was crowned King of France. The Napoleonic era was the last occasion on which Britain and France went to war with each other, but by no means marked the end of the rivalry between the two nations. Despite his final defeat, Napoleon continues to be regarded as a national hero figure in France for his numerous victories over coalised monarchies.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Napoleon",
"paragraph_text": "The Allies offered peace terms in the Frankfurt proposals in November 1813. Napoleon would remain as Emperor of France, but it would be reduced to its \"natural frontiers.\" That meant that France could retain control of Belgium, Savoy and the Rhineland (the west bank of the Rhine River), while giving up control of all the rest, including all of Spain and the Netherlands, and most of Italy and Germany. Metternich told Napoleon these were the best terms the Allies were likely to offer; after further victories, the terms would be harsher and harsher. Metternich's motivation was to maintain France as a balance against Russian threats, while ending the highly destabilizing series of wars.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Dutch language",
"paragraph_text": "Unlike other Germanic languages, Dutch doesn't have phonological aspiration of consonants. Like English, Dutch did not participate in the second consonant shift. Like most Germanic languages, the Dutch consonant system did not undergo the High German consonant shift and has a syllable structure that allows fairly complex consonant clusters. Dutch also retains full use of the velar fricatives that were present in Proto-Germanic, but lost or modified in many other Germanic languages. Dutch has final-obstruent devoicing: at the end of a word, voicing distinction is neutralised and all obstruents are pronounced voiceless. For example, goede (\"good\") is /ˈɣudə/ but the related form goed is /ɣut/. Dutch shares with German Final-obstruent devoicing (Du brood [broːt] and German Brot vs Eng bread).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Napoleon",
"paragraph_text": "Tensions over rising Polish nationalism and the economic effects of the Continental System led to renewed confrontation with Russia. To enforce his blockade, Napoleon launched an invasion of Russia in the summer of 1812. The resulting campaign witnessed the catastrophic collapse of the Grand Army, forcing the French to retreat, as well as leading to the widespread destruction of Russian lands and cities. In 1813, Prussia and Austria joined Russian forces in a Sixth Coalition against France. A chaotic military campaign in Central Europe eventually culminated in a large Allied army defeating Napoleon at the Battle of Leipzig in October. The next year, the Allies invaded France and captured Paris, forcing Napoleon to abdicate in April 1814. He was exiled to the island of Elba. The Bourbons were restored to power and the French lost most of the territories that they had conquered since the Revolution. However, Napoleon escaped from Elba in February 1815 and took control of the government once again. The Allies responded by forming a Seventh Coalition, which ultimately defeated Napoleon at the Battle of Waterloo in June. The Royal Navy then thwarted his planned escape to the United States in July, so he surrendered to the British after running out of other options. The British exiled him to the remote island of Saint Helena in the South Atlantic. His death in 1821 at the age of 51 was received with shock and grief throughout Europe. In 1840, a million people witnessed his remains returning to Paris, where they still reside at Les Invalides.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Puerto Rico",
"paragraph_text": "Originally populated by the indigenous Taíno people, the island was claimed in 1493 by Christopher Columbus for Spain during his second voyage. Later it endured invasion attempts from the French, Dutch, and British. Four centuries of Spanish colonial government influenced the island's cultural landscapes with waves of African slaves, Canarian, and Andalusian settlers. In the Spanish Empire, Puerto Rico played a secondary, but strategic role when compared to wealthier colonies like Peru and the mainland parts of New Spain. Spain's distant administrative control continued up to the end of the 19th century, helping to produce a distinctive creole Hispanic culture and language that combined elements from the Native Americans, Africans, and Iberians. In 1898, following the Spanish -- American War, the United States acquired Puerto Rico under the terms of the Treaty of Paris. The treaty took effect on April 11, 1899.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Battle of Stromboli",
"paragraph_text": "The naval Battle of Stromboli took place on 8 January 1676 during the Franco-Dutch War between a French fleet of 20 ships under Abraham Duquesne and a combined fleet of 19 allied ships (18 Dutch and one Spanish ship) under Lieutenant-Admiral-General Michiel de Ruyter that lasted eight hours and ended inconclusively. The fleets fought again at the Battle of Augusta.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "History of India",
"paragraph_text": "The Indian rebellion of 1857 was a large-scale rebellion by soldiers employed by the British East India in northern and central India against the Company's rule. The rebels were disorganized, had differing goals, and were poorly equipped, led, and trained, and had no outside support or funding. They were brutally suppressed and the British government took control of the Company and eliminated many of the grievances that caused it. The government also was determined to keep full control so that no rebellion of such size would ever happen again.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Saint Helena",
"paragraph_text": "In 1815, the British government selected Saint Helena as the place of detention of Napoleon Bonaparte. He was taken to the island in October 1815. Napoleon stayed at the Briars pavilion on the grounds of the Balcombe family's home until his permanent residence, Longwood House, was completed in December 1815. Napoleon died there on 5 May 1821.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Saint Helena",
"paragraph_text": "Owing to Napoleon's praise of Saint Helena’s coffee during his exile on the island, the product enjoyed a brief popularity in Paris in the years after his death.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Dutch Malacca",
"paragraph_text": "Dutch Malacca (1641–1825) was the longest period that Malacca was under foreign control. The Dutch ruled for almost 183 years with intermittent British occupation during the Napoleonic Wars (1795–1818). This era saw relative peace with little serious interruption from the Malay kingdoms due to the understanding earlier on forged between the Dutch and the Sultanate of Johor in 1606. This time also marked the decline of the importance of Malacca. The Dutch preferred Batavia (present day Jakarta) as their economic and administrative centre in the region and their hold in Malacca was to prevent the loss of the city to other European powers and subsequently the competition that would naturally come with it. Thus in the 17th century, with Malacca ceased to be an important port, the Johor Sultanate became the dominant local power in the region, due to the opening of its ports and the alliance with the Dutch.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
When did the company that took full control of the island after Napoleon's death end?
|
[
{
"id": 6092,
"question": "Who took full control of the island after Napoleon's death?",
"answer": "East India Company",
"paragraph_support_idx": 1
},
{
"id": 45004,
"question": "when did the dutch #1 end",
"answer": "1799",
"paragraph_support_idx": 2
}
] |
1799
|
[] | true |
2hop__6100_79562
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "George Middlemore",
"paragraph_text": "General George Middlemore (died 18 November 1850, Tunbridge Wells) was a British Army officer and the first Governor of Saint Helena.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Marta Helena Nobel-Oleinikoff",
"paragraph_text": "Marta Helena Nobel-Oleinikoff (Russian: Марта Людвиговна Нобель-Олейникова), née Marta Helena Nobel (9 October 1881, Saint Petersburg – 1973, Stockholm), was a Russian-Swedish physician and philanthropist and member of the Nobel family. She was the daughter of industrialist and humanitarian Ludvig Nobel and the niece of Alfred Nobel.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Pound sterling",
"paragraph_text": "The British Crown dependencies of Guernsey and Jersey produce their own local issues of sterling: the ``Guernsey pound ''and the`` Jersey pound''. The pound sterling is also used in the Isle of Man (alongside the Manx pound), Gibraltar (alongside the Gibraltar pound), the Falkland Islands (alongside the Falkland Islands pound), Saint Helena and Ascension Island in Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha (alongside the Saint Helena pound). The Bank of England is the central bank for the pound sterling, issuing its own coins and banknotes, and regulating issuance of banknotes by private banks in Scotland and Northern Ireland. Banknotes issued by other jurisdictions are not regulated by the Bank of England; local governments use Bank of England notes as backing for local issuance by allowing them to be exchanged 1: 1 at face value.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "British Empire",
"paragraph_text": "During the late 18th and early 19th centuries the British Crown began to assume an increasingly large role in the affairs of the Company. A series of Acts of Parliament were passed, including the Regulating Act of 1773, Pitt's India Act of 1784 and the Charter Act of 1813 which regulated the Company's affairs and established the sovereignty of the Crown over the territories that it had acquired. The Company's eventual end was precipitated by the Indian Rebellion, a conflict that had begun with the mutiny of sepoys, Indian troops under British officers and discipline. The rebellion took six months to suppress, with heavy loss of life on both sides. The following year the British government dissolved the Company and assumed direct control over India through the Government of India Act 1858, establishing the British Raj, where an appointed governor-general administered India and Queen Victoria was crowned the Empress of India. India became the empire's most valuable possession, \"the Jewel in the Crown\", and was the most important source of Britain's strength.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Tristan da Cunha",
"paragraph_text": "Tristan da Cunha is part of the British overseas territory of Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha. This includes Saint Helena and equatorial Ascension Island some 3,730 kilometres (2,318 mi) to the north of Tristan. The island has a population of 267 as of January 2016.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Saint Helena Island National Scenic Area",
"paragraph_text": "Saint Helena Island National Scenic Area is a federally designated National Scenic Area within the Hiawatha National Forest in the US state of Michigan. The scenic area is administered by the U.S. Forest Service. It is contains all of Saint Helena Island, excluding the St. Helena Island Light. The Hiawatha National Forest was extended to encompass the island, which was acquired when existing property owners placed the land for sale.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Saint Helena",
"paragraph_text": "The ship RMS Saint Helena runs between St Helena and Cape Town on a 5-day voyage, also visiting Ascension Island and Walvis Bay, and occasionally voyaging north to Tenerife and Portland, UK. It berths in James Bay, St Helena approximately thirty times per year. The RMS Saint Helena was due for decommissioning in 2010. However, its service life has been extended indefinitely until the airport is completed.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Saint Helena",
"paragraph_text": "A local industry manufacturing fibre from New Zealand flax was successfully reestablished in 1907 and generated considerable income during the First World War. Ascension Island was made a dependency of Saint Helena in 1922, and Tristan da Cunha followed in 1938. During the Second World War, the United States built Wideawake airport on Ascension in 1942, but no military use was made of Saint Helena.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Saint Helena",
"paragraph_text": "After Napoleon's death, the thousands of temporary visitors were soon withdrawn and the East India Company resumed full control of Saint Helena. Between 1815 and 1830, the EIC made available to the government of the island the packet schooner St Helena, which made multiple trips per year between the island and the Cape carrying passengers both ways, and supplies of wine and provisions back to the island.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Saint Helena",
"paragraph_text": "Today Saint Helena has its own currency, the Saint Helena pound, which is at parity with the pound sterling. The government of Saint Helena produces its own coinage and banknotes. The Bank of Saint Helena was established on Saint Helena and Ascension Island in 2004. It has branches in Jamestown on Saint Helena, and Georgetown, Ascension Island and it took over the business of the St. Helena government savings bank and Ascension Island Savings Bank.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Saint Helena",
"paragraph_text": "Saint Helena has the international calling code +290 which, since 2006, Tristan da Cunha shares. Saint Helena telephone numbers changed from 4 to 5 digits on 1 October 2013 by being prefixed with the digit \"2\", i.e. 2xxxx, with the range 5xxxx being reserved for mobile numbering, and 8xxx being used for Tristan da Cunha numbers (these still shown as 4 digits).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Saint Helena",
"paragraph_text": "The British Nationality Act 1981 reclassified Saint Helena and the other Crown colonies as British Dependent Territories. The islanders lost their right of abode in Britain. For the next 20 years, many could find only low-paid work with the island government, and the only available employment outside Saint Helena was on the Falkland Islands and Ascension Island. The Development and Economic Planning Department, which still operates, was formed in 1988 to contribute to raising the living standards of the people of Saint Helena.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Saint Helena",
"paragraph_text": "Throughout this period, Saint Helena was an important port of call of the East India Company. East Indiamen would stop there on the return leg of their voyages to British India and China. At Saint Helena ships could replenish supplies of water and provisions, and during war time, form convoys that would sail under the protection of vessels of the Royal Navy. Captain James Cook's vessel HMS Endeavour anchored and resupplied off the coast of St Helena in May 1771, on her return from the European discovery of the east coast of Australia and rediscovery of New Zealand.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Saint Helena",
"paragraph_text": "The national bird of Saint Helena is the Saint Helena plover, known locally as the wirebird. It appears on the coat of arms of Saint Helena and on the flag.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "East India Company",
"paragraph_text": "The company received a Royal Charter from Queen Elizabeth I on 31 December 1600, coming relatively late to trade in the Indies. Before them the Portuguese Estado da Índia had traded there for much of the 16th century and the first of half a dozen Dutch Companies sailed to trade there from 1595, which amalgamated in March 1602 into the United East Indies Company (VOC), which introduced the first permanent joint stock from 1612 (meaning investment into shares did not need to be returned, but could be traded on a stock exchange). Wealthy merchants and aristocrats owned the EIC's shares. Initially the government owned no shares and had only indirect control until 1657 when permanent joint stock was established.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "British Empire",
"paragraph_text": "No further attempts to establish English colonies in the Americas were made until well into the reign of Queen Elizabeth I, during the last decades of the 16th century. In the meantime the Protestant Reformation had turned England and Catholic Spain into implacable enemies . In 1562, the English Crown encouraged the privateers John Hawkins and Francis Drake to engage in slave-raiding attacks against Spanish and Portuguese ships off the coast of West Africa with the aim of breaking into the Atlantic trade system. This effort was rebuffed and later, as the Anglo-Spanish Wars intensified, Elizabeth I gave her blessing to further privateering raids against Spanish ports in the Americas and shipping that was returning across the Atlantic, laden with treasure from the New World. At the same time, influential writers such as Richard Hakluyt and John Dee (who was the first to use the term \"British Empire\") were beginning to press for the establishment of England's own empire. By this time, Spain had become the dominant power in the Americas and was exploring the Pacific ocean, Portugal had established trading posts and forts from the coasts of Africa and Brazil to China, and France had begun to settle the Saint Lawrence River area, later to become New France.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Saint Helena",
"paragraph_text": "In 1815, the British government selected Saint Helena as the place of detention of Napoleon Bonaparte. He was taken to the island in October 1815. Napoleon stayed at the Briars pavilion on the grounds of the Balcombe family's home until his permanent residence, Longwood House, was completed in December 1815. Napoleon died there on 5 May 1821.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Saint Helena",
"paragraph_text": "Under the provisions of the 1833 India Act, control of Saint Helena was passed from the East India Company to the British Crown, becoming a crown colony. Subsequent administrative cost-cutting triggered the start of a long-term population decline whereby those who could afford to do so tended to leave the island for better opportunities elsewhere. The latter half of the 19th century saw the advent of steam ships not reliant on trade winds, as well as the diversion of Far East trade away from the traditional South Atlantic shipping lanes to a route via the Red Sea (which, prior to the building of the Suez Canal, involved a short overland section). These factors contributed to a decline in the number of ships calling at the island from 1,100 in 1855 to only 288 in 1889.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Saint Helena",
"paragraph_text": "St Helena has long been known for its high proportion of endemic birds and vascular plants. The highland areas contain most of the 400 endemic species recognised to date. Much of the island has been identified by BirdLife International as being important for bird conservation, especially the endemic Saint Helena plover or wirebird, and for seabirds breeding on the offshore islets and stacks, in the north-east and the south-west Important Bird Areas. On the basis of these endemics and an exceptional range of habitats, Saint Helena is on the United Kingdom's tentative list for future UNESCO World Heritage Sites.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Saint Helena",
"paragraph_text": "There are scouting and guiding groups on Saint Helena and Ascension Island. Scouting was established on Saint Helena island in 1912. Lord and Lady Baden-Powell visited the Scouts on Saint Helena on the return from their 1937 tour of Africa. The visit is described in Lord Baden-Powell's book entitled African Adventures.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
When was the company that turned over control of Saint Helena to the British Crown founded?
|
[
{
"id": 6100,
"question": "Who turned over control of Saint Helena to the British Crown?",
"answer": "East India Company",
"paragraph_support_idx": 17
},
{
"id": 79562,
"question": "when was the english #1 established",
"answer": "31 December 1600",
"paragraph_support_idx": 14
}
] |
31 December 1600
|
[] | true |
2hop__6092_66282
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Napoleon",
"paragraph_text": "Tensions over rising Polish nationalism and the economic effects of the Continental System led to renewed confrontation with Russia. To enforce his blockade, Napoleon launched an invasion of Russia in the summer of 1812. The resulting campaign witnessed the catastrophic collapse of the Grand Army, forcing the French to retreat, as well as leading to the widespread destruction of Russian lands and cities. In 1813, Prussia and Austria joined Russian forces in a Sixth Coalition against France. A chaotic military campaign in Central Europe eventually culminated in a large Allied army defeating Napoleon at the Battle of Leipzig in October. The next year, the Allies invaded France and captured Paris, forcing Napoleon to abdicate in April 1814. He was exiled to the island of Elba. The Bourbons were restored to power and the French lost most of the territories that they had conquered since the Revolution. However, Napoleon escaped from Elba in February 1815 and took control of the government once again. The Allies responded by forming a Seventh Coalition, which ultimately defeated Napoleon at the Battle of Waterloo in June. The Royal Navy then thwarted his planned escape to the United States in July, so he surrendered to the British after running out of other options. The British exiled him to the remote island of Saint Helena in the South Atlantic. His death in 1821 at the age of 51 was received with shock and grief throughout Europe. In 1840, a million people witnessed his remains returning to Paris, where they still reside at Les Invalides.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Gao Cheng",
"paragraph_text": "Gao Cheng (; 521–549), courtesy name Zihui (子惠), formally Prince Wenxiang of Bohai (勃海文襄王), later further posthumously honored by Northern Qi as Emperor Wenxiang (文襄皇帝) with the temple name Shizong (世宗), was the paramount official of the Chinese/Xianbei state Eastern Wei, a branch successor state of Northern Wei. He was Gao Huan's oldest son, and because his father wielded actual power during Emperor Xiaojing's reign, Gao Cheng also received increasingly great authority, and after his father's death in 547 took over the reign of the state. He was considered capable but frivolous and arrogant, as well as lacking in sexual discretion. In 549, he was assassinated by his servant Lan Jing (蘭京), and his younger brother Gao Yang took over the control over the Eastern Wei regime.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Napoleon",
"paragraph_text": "The Russian army withdrew and retreated past Moscow. Napoleon entered the city, assuming its fall would end the war and Alexander would negotiate peace. However, on orders of the city's governor Feodor Rostopchin, rather than capitulation, Moscow was burned. After five weeks, Napoleon and his army left. In early November Napoleon got concerned about loss of control back in France after the Malet coup of 1812. His army walked through snow up to their knees and nearly 10,000 men and horses froze to death on the night of 8/9 November alone. After Battle of Berezina Napoleon succeeded to escape but had to abandon much of the remaining artillery and baggage train. On 5 December, shortly before arriving in Vilnius, Napoleon left the army in a sledge.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Sigebert I",
"paragraph_text": "Sigebert I (c. 535 – c. 575) was a Frankish king of Austrasia from the death of his father in 561 to his own death. He was the third surviving son out of four of Clotaire I and Ingund. His reign found him mostly occupied with a successful civil war against his half-brother, Chilperic.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "The Napoleon of Notting Hill",
"paragraph_text": "The Napoleon of Notting Hill is a novel written by G. K. Chesterton in 1904, set in a nearly unchanged London in 1984.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Saint Helena",
"paragraph_text": "After Napoleon's death, the thousands of temporary visitors were soon withdrawn and the East India Company resumed full control of Saint Helena. Between 1815 and 1830, the EIC made available to the government of the island the packet schooner St Helena, which made multiple trips per year between the island and the Cape carrying passengers both ways, and supplies of wine and provisions back to the island.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Francesco Erizzo",
"paragraph_text": "Francesco Erizzo (Venice, February 18, 1566 – Venice, January 3, 1646) was the 98th Doge of Venice, reigning from his election on April 10, 1631 until his death fifteen years later. His reign is particularly notable because the last year of his reign saw the beginning of a war with the Ottoman Empire for control of Crete that would last for 24 years and dominate the geopolitics of the Mediterranean.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "East India Company",
"paragraph_text": "The company received a Royal Charter from Queen Elizabeth I on 31 December 1600, making it the oldest among several similarly formed European East India Companies. Wealthy merchants and aristocrats owned the company's shares. Initially the government owned no shares and had only indirect control.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Guam",
"paragraph_text": "The United States took control of the island in the 1898 Spanish–American War, as part of the Treaty of Paris. Guam was transferred to U.S. Navy control on 23 December 1898 by Executive Order 108-A. Guam came to serve as a station for American ships traveling to and from the Philippines, while the Northern Mariana Islands passed to Germany, and then to Japan. A U.S. Navy yard was established at Piti in 1899, and a marine barracks at Sumay in 1901.:13 Following the Philippine–American War, Emilio Aguinaldo and Apolinario Mabini were exiled on Guam in 1901.:vi",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Modern history",
"paragraph_text": "The changes were accompanied by violent turmoil which included the trial and execution of the king, vast bloodshed and repression during the Reign of Terror, and warfare involving every other major European power. Subsequent events that can be traced to the Revolution include the Napoleonic Wars, two separate restorations of the monarchy, and two additional revolutions as modern France took shape. In the following century, France would be governed at one point or another as a republic, constitutional monarchy, and two different empires.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Jérôme Bonaparte",
"paragraph_text": "Jérôme-Napoléon Bonaparte (born Girolamo Buonaparte; 15 November 1784 – 24 June 1860) was the youngest brother of Napoleon I and reigned as Jerome I (formally Hieronymus Napoleon in German), King of Westphalia, between 1807 and 1813. From 1816 onward, he bore the title of Prince of Montfort. After 1848, when his nephew, Louis Napoleon, became President of the French Second Republic, he served in several official roles, including Marshal of France from 1850 onward, and President of the Senate in 1852.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Saint Helena",
"paragraph_text": "Owing to Napoleon's praise of Saint Helena’s coffee during his exile on the island, the product enjoyed a brief popularity in Paris in the years after his death.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Second Battle of Polotsk",
"paragraph_text": "The Second Battle of Polotsk (18–20 October 1812) took place during Napoleon's invasion of Russia. In this encounter the Russians under General Peter Wittgenstein attacked and defeated a Franco-Bavarian force under Laurent Gouvion Saint-Cyr. In the aftermath of this success, the Russians took Polotsk and dismantled Napoleon's operations in Belarus. Wittgenstein's victory set the stage for the Battle of Berezina in November, in which three Russian armies converged on Napoleon from separate directions.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Napoleon",
"paragraph_text": "After returning from Egypt, Napoleon engineered a coup in November 1799 and became First Consul of the Republic. Another victory over the Austrians at the Battle of Marengo in 1800 secured his political power. With the Concordat of 1801, Napoleon restored the religious privileges of the Catholic Church while keeping the lands seized by the Revolution. The state continued to nominate the bishops and to control church finances. He extended his political control over France until the Senate declared him Emperor of the French in 1804, launching the French Empire. Intractable differences with the British meant that the French were facing a Third Coalition by 1805. Napoleon shattered this coalition with decisive victories in the Ulm Campaign and a historic triumph at the Battle of Austerlitz, which led to the elimination of the Holy Roman Empire. In October 1805, however, a Franco-Spanish fleet was destroyed at the Battle of Trafalgar, allowing Britain to impose a naval blockade of the French coasts. In retaliation, Napoleon established the Continental System in 1806 to cut off continental trade with Britain. The Fourth Coalition took up arms against him the same year because Prussia became worried about growing French influence on the continent. Napoleon knocked out Prussia at the battles of Jena and Auerstedt, then turned his attention towards the Russians and annihilated them in June 1807 at Friedland, which forced the Russians to accept the Treaties of Tilsit.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Napoleon",
"paragraph_text": "Widespread rumors of Napoleon's return from St. Helena and Napoleon as an inspiration for patriotism, individual and collective liberties, and political mobilization manifested themselves in seditious materials, displaying the tricolor and rosettes. There were also subversive activities celebrating anniversaries of Napoleon's life and reign and disrupting royal celebrations—they demonstrated the prevailing and successful goal of the varied supporters of Napoleon to constantly destabilize the Bourbon regime.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "C. Hurst & Co.",
"paragraph_text": "Hurst Publishers (C. Hurst & Co Publishers Ltd) is an independent non-fiction publisher based in the Bloomsbury area of London. Hurst specializes in books on global affairs and has lists in Islamic Studies, European History, War & Conflict, African Studies and International Relations. Christopher Hurst founded the company in 1969. Michael Dwyer, who joined Hurst in 1986, took over its running after the death of Christopher Hurst in April 2007.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Samoa",
"paragraph_text": "Mission work in Samoa had begun in late 1830 by John Williams, of the London Missionary Society arriving in Sapapali'i from The Cook Islands and Tahiti. According to Barbara A. West, \"The Samoans were also known to engage in ‘headhunting', a ritual of war in which a warrior took the head of his slain opponent to give to his leader, thus proving his bravery.\" However, Robert Louis Stevenson, who lived in Samoa from 1889 until his death in 1894, wrote in A Footnote to History: Eight Years of Trouble in Samoa, \"… the Samoans are gentle people.\"",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Goffredo Lombardo",
"paragraph_text": "Goffredo Lombardo (15 May 1920 – 2 February 2005) was an Italian film producer. He was the son of the producer Gustavo Lombardo and took over control of the company Titanus after his father's death in 1951.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Shi Jingtang",
"paragraph_text": "Shi Jingtang (石敬瑭) (30 March 892 – 28 July 942), also known by his temple name Gaozu (高祖), was the founding emperor of imperial China's short-lived Later Jin during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period, reigning from 936 until his death.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Kublai Khan",
"paragraph_text": "Kublai (; ; ) was the fifth Khagan (Great Khan) of the Mongol Empire (\"Ikh Mongol Uls\"), reigning from 1260 to 1294 (although due to the division of the empire this was a nominal position). He also founded the Yuan dynasty in China as a conquest dynasty in 1271, and ruled as the first Yuan emperor until his death in 1294.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
The company taking full control of the island after Napoleon's death founded in London during the reign of what?
|
[
{
"id": 6092,
"question": "Who took full control of the island after Napoleon's death?",
"answer": "East India Company",
"paragraph_support_idx": 5
},
{
"id": 66282,
"question": "#1 founded in london during the reign of",
"answer": "Queen Elizabeth I",
"paragraph_support_idx": 7
}
] |
Queen Elizabeth I
|
[] | true |
2hop__27241_79562
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Child labour",
"paragraph_text": "On 23 June 1757, the English East India Company defeated Siraj-ud-Daula, the Nawab of Bengal, in the Battle of Plassey. The British thus became masters of east India (Bengal, Bihar, Orissa) – a prosperous region with a flourishing agriculture, industry and trade. This led to a large amount of children being forced into labour due to the increasing need of cheap labour to produce large numbers of goods. Many multinationals often employed children because that they can be recruited for less pay, and have more endurance to utilise in factory environments. Another reason many Indian children were hired was because they lack knowledge of their basic rights, they did not cause trouble or complain, and they were often more trustworthy. The innocence that comes with childhood was utilised to make a profit by many and was encouraged by the need for family income.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Battle of Gang Toi",
"paragraph_text": "The Battle of Gang Toi (8 November 1965) was fought during the Vietnam War between Australian troops and the Viet Cong. The battle was one of the first engagements between the two forces during the war and occurred when A Company, 1st Battalion, Royal Australian Regiment (1 RAR) struck a Viet Cong bunker system defended by Company 238 in the Gang Toi Hills, in northern Bien Hoa Province. It occurred during a major joint US-Australian operation codenamed Operation Hump, involving the US 173rd Airborne Brigade, to which 1 RAR was attached. During the latter part of the operation an Australian rifle company clashed with an entrenched company-sized Viet Cong force in well-prepared defensive positions. Meanwhile, an American paratroop battalion was also heavily engaged in fighting on the other side of the Song Dong Nai.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Thirteen Colonies",
"paragraph_text": "In 1606, King James I of England granted charters to both the Plymouth Company and the London Company for the purpose of establishing permanent settlements in North America. The London Company established the Colony and Dominion of Virginia in 1607, the first permanently settled English colony on the North American continent. The Plymouth Company founded the Popham Colony on the Kennebec River, but it was short - lived. The Plymouth Council for New England sponsored several colonization projects, culminating with Plymouth Colony in 1620 which was settled by the English Puritans, known today as the Pilgrims. The Dutch, Swedish, and French also established successful North American colonies at roughly the same time as the English, but they eventually came under the English crown. The Thirteen Colonies were complete with the establishment of the Province of Georgia in 1732, although the term ``Thirteen Colonies ''became current only in the context of the American Revolution.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Battle of Plassey",
"paragraph_text": "The Battle of Plassey was a decisive victory of the British East India Company over the Nawab of Bengal and his French allies on 23 June 1757, under the leadership of Robert Clive. The battle consolidated the Company's presence in Bengal, which later expanded to cover much of India over the next hundred years.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Battle of Poona",
"paragraph_text": "The Battle of Poona took place on 25 October 1802 near Pune between the rival factions of the Maratha Confederacy. The forces of the Scindia (Shinde) and the Peshwa Bajirao II were attacked by the Holkars. While the British East India Company was not involved in the battle, its outcome and aftermath led to the Second Anglo-Maratha War.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "History of India",
"paragraph_text": "The Nawab of Bengal Siraj Ud Daulah, the de facto ruler of the Bengal province, opposed British attempts to use these permits. This led to the Battle of Plassey on 23 June 1757, in which the Bengal Army of the East India Company, led by Robert Clive, defeated the French-supported Nawab's forces. This was the first real political foothold with territorial implications that the British acquired in India. Clive was appointed by the company as its first 'Governor of Bengal' in 1757. This was combined with British victories over the French at Madras, Wandiwash and Pondichéry that, along with wider British successes during the Seven Years' War, reduced French influence in India. The British East India Company extended its control over the whole of Bengal. After the Battle of Buxar in 1764, the company acquired the rights of administration in Bengal from de jure Mughal Emperor Shah Alam II; this marked the beginning of its formal rule, which within the next century engulfed most of India. The East India Company monopolized the trade of Bengal. They introduced a land taxation system called the Permanent Settlement which introduced a feudal-like structure in Bengal, often with zamindars set in place.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "British Empire",
"paragraph_text": "During the middle decades of the 18th century, there were several outbreaks of military conflict on the Indian subcontinent, the Carnatic Wars, as the English East India Company (often known simply as ``the Company '') and its French counterpart, the French East India Company (Compagnie française des Indes orientales), struggled alongside local rulers to fill the vacuum that had been left by the decline of the Mughal Empire. The Battle of Plassey in 1757, in which the British, led by Robert Clive, defeated the Nawab of Bengal and his French allies, left the British East India Company in control of Bengal and as the major military and political power in India. France was left control of its enclaves but with military restrictions and an obligation to support British client states, ending French hopes of controlling India. In the following decades the British East India Company gradually increased the size of the territories under its control, either ruling directly or via local rulers under the threat of force from the British Indian Army, the vast majority of which was composed of Indian sepoys.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "East India Company",
"paragraph_text": "The company received a Royal Charter from Queen Elizabeth I on 31 December 1600, coming relatively late to trade in the Indies. Before them the Portuguese Estado da Índia had traded there for much of the 16th century and the first of half a dozen Dutch Companies sailed to trade there from 1595, which amalgamated in March 1602 into the United East Indies Company (VOC), which introduced the first permanent joint stock from 1612 (meaning investment into shares did not need to be returned, but could be traded on a stock exchange). Wealthy merchants and aristocrats owned the EIC's shares. Initially the government owned no shares and had only indirect control until 1657 when permanent joint stock was established.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Battle of Halidon Hill",
"paragraph_text": "The Battle of Halidon Hill (19 July 1333) was fought during the Second War of Scottish Independence. Scottish forces under Sir Archibald Douglas were heavily defeated by the English forces of King Edward III of England on unfavourable terrain while trying to relieve Berwick-upon-Tweed.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "British Empire",
"paragraph_text": "During the middle decades of the 18th century, there were several outbreaks of military conflict on the Indian subcontinent, the Carnatic Wars, as the English East India Company (the Company) and its French counterpart, the Compagnie française des Indes orientales, struggled alongside local rulers to fill the vacuum that had been left by the decline of the Mughal Empire. The Battle of Plassey in 1757, in which the British, led by Robert Clive, defeated the Nawab of Bengal and his French allies, left the Company in control of Bengal and as the major military and political power in India. France was left control of its enclaves but with military restrictions and an obligation to support British client states, ending French hopes of controlling India. In the following decades the Company gradually increased the size of the territories under its control, either ruling directly or via local rulers under the threat of force from the British Indian Army, the vast majority of which was composed of Indian sepoys.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Bhopal State",
"paragraph_text": "The state was founded in 1707 CE by Dost Mohammad Khan, an Pashtun soldier in the Mughal army, who became a mercenary after the Emperor Aurangzeb's death and annexed several territories to his fiefdom. It came under the suzerainty of the Nizam of Hyderabad in 1723 shortly after its foundation. In 1737, Marathas defeated the Mughals and the Nawab of Bhopal in the Battle of Bhopal, and started collecting tribute from the state. After the defeat of the Marathas in the Third Anglo - Maratha War, Bhopal became a British princely state in 1818. Bhopal State was the second largest state in pre-independence India, with a Muslim leadership, first being Hyderabad State. The state was merged into the Union of India in 1949 as Bhopal.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Battle of Chinsurah",
"paragraph_text": "The Battle of Chinsurah (also known as the Battle of Biderra or Battle of Hoogly) took place near Chinsurah, India on 25 November 1759 during the Seven Years' War between a force of British troops mainly of the British East India Company and a force of the Dutch East India Company which had been invited by the Nawab of Bengal Mir Jafar to help him eject the British and establish themselves as the leading commercial company in Bengal. Despite Britain and the Dutch Republic not formally being at war, the Dutch advanced up the Hooghly River. They met a mixed force of British and local troops at Chinsurah, just outside Calcutta. The British, under Colonel Francis Forde, defeated the Dutch, forcing them to withdraw. The British engaged and defeated the ships the Dutch used to deliver the troops in a separate naval battle on November 24.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Battle of Buxar",
"paragraph_text": "The Battle of Buxar was fought on 22 October 1764 between the forces under the command of the British East India Company led by Hector Munro and the combined armies of Mir Qasim, Nawab of Bengal till 1763; the Nawab of Awadh; and the Mughal Emperor Shah Alam II. The battle fought at Buxar, a ``small fortified town ''within the territory of Bengal, located on the banks of the Ganges river about 130 kilometres (81 mi) west of Patna, was a decisive victory for the British East India Company. Shuja - ud - Daulah and Shah Alam surrendered and the war came to an end by the`` Treaty of Allahabad'' in 1765.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Battle of Deeg",
"paragraph_text": "The Battle of Deeg, fought on 13 November 1804, took place outside Deeg, now in the Bharatpur district of Rajasthan, India. A force of the British East India Company led by Major General Fraser defeated a Maratha force. Fraser was himself mortally wounded in the attack. The British captured about 87 guns of the enemy's 160. British casualties were over 640 killed or wounded. Maratha casualties were estimated at over 2,000.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Napoleon",
"paragraph_text": "Napoleon knew that the French fleet could not defeat the Royal Navy in a head-to-head battle, so he planned to lure it away from the English Channel through diversionary tactics. The main strategic idea involved the French Navy escaping from the British blockades of Toulon and Brest and threatening to attack the West Indies. In the face of this attack, it was hoped, the British would weaken their defense of the Western Approaches by sending ships to the Caribbean, allowing a combined Franco-Spanish fleet to take control of the channel long enough for French armies to cross and invade. However, the plan unraveled after the British victory at the Battle of Cape Finisterre in July 1805. French Admiral Villeneuve then retreated to Cádiz instead of linking up with French naval forces at Brest for an attack on the English Channel.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Indian English",
"paragraph_text": "English language public instruction began in India in the 1830s during the rule of the East India Company (India was then, and is today, one of the most linguistically diverse regions of the world). In 1835, English replaced Persian as the official language of the Company. Lord Macaulay played a major role in introducing English and western concepts to education in India. He supported the replacement of Persian by English as the official language, the use of English as the medium of instruction in all schools, and the training of English - speaking Indians as teachers. Throughout the 1840s and 1850s, primary -, middle -, and high - schools were opened in many districts of British India, with most high schools offering English language instruction in some subjects. In 1857, just before the end of Company rule, universities modelled on the University of London and using English as the medium of instruction were established in Bombay, Calcutta and Madras. During subsequent Crown Rule in India, or the British Raj, lasting from 1858 to 1947, English language penetration increased throughout India. This was driven in part by the gradually increasing hiring of Indians in the civil services. At the time of India's independence in 1947, English was the only functional lingua franca in the country.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "History of Bangladesh",
"paragraph_text": "Following the decline of the Mughal Empire in the early 1700s, Bengal became a semi-independent state under the Nawabs of Bengal, before it was conquered by the British East India Company at the Battle of Plassey in 1757, directly contributing to the Industrial Revolution in Britain and to deindustrialization and famines in Bengal. The Bengali city of Calcutta served as the capital city of British India up until the early 20th century.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Battle of Plassey",
"paragraph_text": "The Battle of Plassey was a decisive victory of the British East India Company over the Nawab of Bengal and his French allies on 23 June 1757. The battle consolidated the Company's presence in Bengal, which later expanded to cover much of India over the next hundred years.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Great Bengal famine of 1770",
"paragraph_text": "In the 17th century, the English East India Company had been given a grant of the town of Calcutta by the Mughal Prince Shah Shuja. At this time the Company was effectively another tributary power of the Mughal. During the following century, the company obtained sole trading rights for the province and went on to become the dominant power in Bengal. In 1757, at the Battle of Plassey, the British defeated the nawab Siraj Ud Daulah and plundered the Bengali treasury. In 1764 their military control was reaffirmed at Buxar. The subsequent treaty gained them the diwani, that is, taxation rights; the Company thereby became the de facto ruler of Bengal.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "César Alexandre Debelle",
"paragraph_text": "César Alexandre Debelle (Voreppe, Isère, 27 November 1770 – 19 July 1826) was a French general. He was created a baron of the Empire in 1808. He was the cavalry brigade commander at the Battle of Sahagún, where his force was heavily defeated by British hussars under Henry, Lord Paget. His name is inscribed on the north side of the Arc de Triomphe. His brother Jean-François Joseph Debelle was also a general.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
When was the company heavily involved in the defeat of Nawab's forces established?
|
[
{
"id": 27241,
"question": "What British company was heavily involved in the defeat of the Nawab's forces?",
"answer": "East India Company",
"paragraph_support_idx": 5
},
{
"id": 79562,
"question": "when was the english #1 established",
"answer": "31 December 1600",
"paragraph_support_idx": 7
}
] |
31 December 1600
|
[] | true |
2hop__226582_79562
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Sir John Pryce, 1st Baronet",
"paragraph_text": "Sir John Pryce, 1st Baronet (c. 1596–c. 1657), sometimes also spelt Price, was an Anglo-Welsh Baronet and Member of Parliament.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Sir Thomas Adams, 6th Baronet",
"paragraph_text": "Sir Thomas Adams, 6th Baronet (bpt. 17 February 1738 – April 1770) was an officer in the Royal Navy who served during the Seven Years' War.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "John Meux",
"paragraph_text": "Sir John Meux, 1st Baronet (died February 1657) was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1640 to 1643. He supported the Royalist cause in the English Civil War.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Sir Thomas Metcalfe, 4th Baronet",
"paragraph_text": "Sir Thomas Theophilus Metcalfe, 4th Baronet, KCB (2 January 1795 – 3 November 1853) was an East India Company civil servant and agent of the Governor General of India at the imperial court of the Mughal Emperor Bahadur Shah Zafar.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Sir Henry Vernon, 1st Baronet",
"paragraph_text": "Sir Henry Vernon, 1st Baronet (1605–1676) was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons between 1660 and 1676.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Sir Robert Slingsby, 1st Baronet",
"paragraph_text": "Sir Robert Slingsby, 1st Baronet (1611–1661) was an English baronet, author and Naval commander, and in his last years a much-loved colleague of Samuel Pepys.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Sir Thomas Morgan, 1st Baronet",
"paragraph_text": "Major-General Sir Thomas Morgan, 1st Baronet (1604 – 13 April 1679) was a Welsh soldier during the English Civil War, and Commander-in-Chief in Scotland during the Restoration.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Francis Barrington",
"paragraph_text": "Sir Francis Barrington, 1st Baronet (ca. 15703 July 1628) was an English lawyer and politician who sat in the House of Commons in two periods between 1601 and 1628.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Sir Benjamin Ayloffe, 2nd Baronet",
"paragraph_text": "Sir Benjamin Ayloffe, 2nd Baronet (29 August 1592 – March 1662) was an English landowner and politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1661 to 1662. He supported the Royalist cause in the English Civil War.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Sir Michael Biddulph, 2nd Baronet",
"paragraph_text": "Sir Michael Biddulph, 2nd Baronet (c. 1652 – 20 April 1718), of Elmshurst, Staffordshire and Westcombe, Kent, was an English Whig politician who sat in the English and British House of Commons between 1679 and 1710.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Sir James Bourne, 1st Baronet",
"paragraph_text": "Sir James Bourne, 1st Baronet (8 October 1812 – 14 March 1882) was an English Conservative Party politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1865 to 1880.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Sir John Morden, 1st Baronet",
"paragraph_text": "Sir John Morden, 1st Baronet (13 August 1623 – 6 September 1708) was a successful English merchant and philanthropist who also served briefly as an MP. He established Morden College in Blackheath, south-east London as a home for retired merchants; as a charity, it continues to provide residential care over 300 years later.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Sir Thomas Twisden, 1st Baronet",
"paragraph_text": "Sir Thomas Twisden, 1st Baronet (2 January 1602 – 2 January 1683) was an English lawyer and politician who sat in the House of Commons of England in two periods between 1646 and 1660. He was a High Court judge who presided at the trial of regicides.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Sir Robert Frankland-Russell, 7th Baronet",
"paragraph_text": "Sir Robert Frankland-Russell, 7th Baronet (1784–1849) was an English politician, known also as an artist. In early life he was called Robert Frankland.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "East India Company",
"paragraph_text": "The company received a Royal Charter from Queen Elizabeth I on 31 December 1600, coming relatively late to trade in the Indies. Before them the Portuguese Estado da Índia had traded there for much of the 16th century and the first of half a dozen Dutch Companies sailed to trade there from 1595, which amalgamated in March 1602 into the United East Indies Company (VOC), which introduced the first permanent joint stock from 1612 (meaning investment into shares did not need to be returned, but could be traded on a stock exchange). Wealthy merchants and aristocrats owned the EIC's shares. Initially the government owned no shares and had only indirect control until 1657 when permanent joint stock was established.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Sir Thomas Butler, 1st Baronet",
"paragraph_text": "Sir Thomas Butler, 1st Baronet (died 1642) was an Irish nobleman, the illegitimate son of Sir Edmund Butler of Cloughgrenan and grandson of James Butler, 9th Earl of Ormond.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Sir Thomas Sclater, 1st Baronet",
"paragraph_text": "Sir Thomas Sclater, 1st Baronet (9 July 1615 – 10 December 1684) was an English academic, landowner and politician who sat in the House of Commons in 1659.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "George Stonhouse",
"paragraph_text": "Sir George Stonhouse, 3rd Baronet (28 August 1603 – 31 March 1675) was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1640 to 1644 and from 1660 to 1675. He supported the Royalists during the English Civil War.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Sir Benjamin Collins Brodie, 1st Baronet",
"paragraph_text": "Sir Benjamin Collins Brodie, 1st Baronet, (9 June 178321 October 1862) was an English physiologist and surgeon who pioneered research into bone and joint disease.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Sir Richard Willis, 1st Baronet",
"paragraph_text": "Sir Richard Willis, 1st Baronet (sometimes spelt 'Willys') (13 January 1614 – December 1690) was a Royalist officer during the English Civil War, and a double agent working for the Parliamentarians during the Interregnum.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
When was the employer of Sir Thomas Metcalafe, 4th Baronet, established?
|
[
{
"id": 226582,
"question": "Sir Thomas Metcalfe, 4th Baronet >> employer",
"answer": "East India Company",
"paragraph_support_idx": 3
},
{
"id": 79562,
"question": "when was the english #1 established",
"answer": "31 December 1600",
"paragraph_support_idx": 14
}
] |
31 December 1600
|
[] | true |
2hop__226582_78772
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "East India Company",
"paragraph_text": "The company received a Royal Charter from Queen Elizabeth I on 31 December 1600, making it the oldest among several similarly formed European East India Companies. Wealthy merchants and aristocrats owned the company's shares. Initially the government owned no shares and had only indirect control.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Sir Thomas Twisden, 1st Baronet",
"paragraph_text": "Sir Thomas Twisden, 1st Baronet (2 January 1602 – 2 January 1683) was an English lawyer and politician who sat in the House of Commons of England in two periods between 1646 and 1660. He was a High Court judge who presided at the trial of regicides.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Sir Thomas Butler, 1st Baronet",
"paragraph_text": "Sir Thomas Butler, 1st Baronet (died 1642) was an Irish nobleman, the illegitimate son of Sir Edmund Butler of Cloughgrenan and grandson of James Butler, 9th Earl of Ormond.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Sir Henry Vernon, 1st Baronet",
"paragraph_text": "Sir Henry Vernon, 1st Baronet (1605–1676) was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons between 1660 and 1676.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Sir Robert Abercromby, 5th Baronet",
"paragraph_text": "Sir Robert Abercromby, 5th Baronet of Birkenbog and Forglen, FRSE (4 February 1784 – 6 July 1855) was a Scottish politician.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Sir Thomas Metcalfe, 4th Baronet",
"paragraph_text": "Sir Thomas Theophilus Metcalfe, 4th Baronet, KCB (2 January 1795 – 3 November 1853) was an East India Company civil servant and agent of the Governor General of India at the imperial court of the Mughal Emperor Bahadur Shah Zafar.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Thomas Jaffrey",
"paragraph_text": "Sir Thomas Jaffrey, 1st Baronet (11 April 1861 – 23 July 1953) was a Scottish actuary and a prominent citizen of Aberdeen.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "George Amyand",
"paragraph_text": "Sir George Amyand, 1st Baronet (26 September 1720 – 16 August 1766) was a British Whig politician, physician and merchant.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Sir Thomas Morgan, 1st Baronet",
"paragraph_text": "Major-General Sir Thomas Morgan, 1st Baronet (1604 – 13 April 1679) was a Welsh soldier during the English Civil War, and Commander-in-Chief in Scotland during the Restoration.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Metcalfe, Victoria",
"paragraph_text": "Metcalfe is a locality in central Victoria, Australia. At the , Metcalfe had a population of 185. The name 'Metcalfe' probably derives from Baron (Charles) Metcalfe, Governor-General of India and later of Canada, who died in 1846. Metcalfe lies on the Coliban River, downstream from the Malmsbury reservoir.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Bruce Seton",
"paragraph_text": "Bruce Lovat Seton was born in Simla, British India, the younger of two sons of Lieutenant-Colonel Sir Bruce Gordon Seton of Abercorn (1868–1934), 9th Baronet and his wife, Elma Armstrong (died 1960). He was educated at Edinburgh Academy and then trained at the Royal Military College, Sandhurst.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Edward Beauchamp",
"paragraph_text": "Sir Edward Beauchamp, 1st Baronet JP(12 April 1849 – 1 February 1925) was a British businessman and Liberal Party politician.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Bernard Oppenheimer",
"paragraph_text": "Sir Bernard Oppenheimer, 1st Baronet (13 February 1866 – 13 June 1921) was a South African-British diamond merchant and philanthropist.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Sir William Mackinnon, 1st Baronet",
"paragraph_text": "Sir William Mackinnon, 1st Baronet (13 March 1823 – 22 June 1893) was a Scottish ship-owner and businessman who built up substantial commercial interests in India and East Africa. He established the British-India Steam Navigation Company and the Imperial British East Africa Company.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Ernest Troubridge",
"paragraph_text": "Ernest Troubridge was born in Hampstead, London, on 15 July 1862, the third son of Sir Thomas St Vincent Hope Cochrane Troubridge and his wife Louisa Jane (nee Gurney, a niece of Elizabeth Fry, the Quaker and prison reformer). Thomas Troubridge had served in the army during the Crimean War, and had lost his right leg and left foot at the Battle of Inkerman. The family had a particularly strong naval tradition, Ernest's great-grandfather, Sir Thomas Troubridge, 1st Baronet, had fought alongside Nelson at Cape St Vincent, while his grandfather, Sir Edward Troubridge, 2nd Baronet, had also been an admiral. Ernest was also more distantly related to the distinguished admirals Sir Alexander Cochrane and Thomas Cochrane, Lord Cochrane. Ernest Troubridge briefly attended Wellington College before joining the Royal Navy in 1875. He attended the Royal Naval College, at Dartmouth as a naval cadet, and by 1884 had been promoted to lieutenant. During his service with the fleet he was awarded the silver medal of the Royal Humane Society, when in 1888 he saved the life of a young seaman who had fallen overboard in the night while their ship was in Suda Bay, Crete.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "James Metcalf",
"paragraph_text": "James \"Jimmy\" Metcalf (March 11, 1925 – January 27, 2012) was an American sculptor, artist and educator. Metcalf established and led a community for copper artisans in Santa Clara del Cobre, Michoacán, Mexico, from the 1970s until his death in 2012.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Sir John Morden, 1st Baronet",
"paragraph_text": "Sir John Morden, 1st Baronet (13 August 1623 – 6 September 1708) was a successful English merchant and philanthropist who also served briefly as an MP. He established Morden College in Blackheath, south-east London as a home for retired merchants; as a charity, it continues to provide residential care over 300 years later.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Sir George Bowyer, 6th Baronet",
"paragraph_text": "Sir George Bowyer, 6th Baronet and 2nd Baronet, KStJ, GCSG, KCPO (3 March 1783 – 1 July 1860), was a British politician. He sat in the House of Commons in two periods between 1807 and 1818, first as a Tory and then as a Whig.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Sir Thomas Sclater, 1st Baronet",
"paragraph_text": "Sir Thomas Sclater, 1st Baronet (9 July 1615 – 10 December 1684) was an English academic, landowner and politician who sat in the House of Commons in 1659.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Sir Thomas Adams, 6th Baronet",
"paragraph_text": "Sir Thomas Adams, 6th Baronet (bpt. 17 February 1738 – April 1770) was an officer in the Royal Navy who served during the Seven Years' War.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
When was the company that employed Sir Thomas Metcalfe, 4th Baronet, established in India?
|
[
{
"id": 226582,
"question": "Sir Thomas Metcalfe, 4th Baronet >> employer",
"answer": "East India Company",
"paragraph_support_idx": 5
},
{
"id": 78772,
"question": "when was #1 established in india",
"answer": "31 December 1600",
"paragraph_support_idx": 0
}
] |
31 December 1600
|
[] | true |
2hop__226582_45004
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Sir Thomas Butler, 1st Baronet",
"paragraph_text": "Sir Thomas Butler, 1st Baronet (died 1642) was an Irish nobleman, the illegitimate son of Sir Edmund Butler of Cloughgrenan and grandson of James Butler, 9th Earl of Ormond.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Sir George Bowyer, 6th Baronet",
"paragraph_text": "Sir George Bowyer, 6th Baronet and 2nd Baronet, KStJ, GCSG, KCPO (3 March 1783 – 1 July 1860), was a British politician. He sat in the House of Commons in two periods between 1807 and 1818, first as a Tory and then as a Whig.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Standish O'Grady Roche",
"paragraph_text": "Sir Standish O'Grady Roche, 4th Baronet, DSO (or Standish O'Grady-Roche) (13 March 1911 – 2 April 1977) of Ireland, was commanding officer of the destroyer HMS \"Beaufort\" in the World War II Second Battle of Sirte on 22 March 1942. He earned the Distinguished Service Order and Croix de Guerre while protecting convoys near Malta. He also served as aide-de-camp to the Governor-General of New Zealand through January 1938 while a Royal Navy lieutenant.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Sir Thomas Adams, 6th Baronet",
"paragraph_text": "Sir Thomas Adams, 6th Baronet (bpt. 17 February 1738 – April 1770) was an officer in the Royal Navy who served during the Seven Years' War.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Ernest Troubridge",
"paragraph_text": "Ernest Troubridge was born in Hampstead, London, on 15 July 1862, the third son of Sir Thomas St Vincent Hope Cochrane Troubridge and his wife Louisa Jane (nee Gurney, a niece of Elizabeth Fry, the Quaker and prison reformer). Thomas Troubridge had served in the army during the Crimean War, and had lost his right leg and left foot at the Battle of Inkerman. The family had a particularly strong naval tradition, Ernest's great-grandfather, Sir Thomas Troubridge, 1st Baronet, had fought alongside Nelson at Cape St Vincent, while his grandfather, Sir Edward Troubridge, 2nd Baronet, had also been an admiral. Ernest was also more distantly related to the distinguished admirals Sir Alexander Cochrane and Thomas Cochrane, Lord Cochrane. Ernest Troubridge briefly attended Wellington College before joining the Royal Navy in 1875. He attended the Royal Naval College, at Dartmouth as a naval cadet, and by 1884 had been promoted to lieutenant. During his service with the fleet he was awarded the silver medal of the Royal Humane Society, when in 1888 he saved the life of a young seaman who had fallen overboard in the night while their ship was in Suda Bay, Crete.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Sir Henry Vernon, 1st Baronet",
"paragraph_text": "Sir Henry Vernon, 1st Baronet (1605–1676) was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons between 1660 and 1676.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Sir Thomas Twisden, 1st Baronet",
"paragraph_text": "Sir Thomas Twisden, 1st Baronet (2 January 1602 – 2 January 1683) was an English lawyer and politician who sat in the House of Commons of England in two periods between 1646 and 1660. He was a High Court judge who presided at the trial of regicides.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Leonard Ropner",
"paragraph_text": "Colonel Sir Leonard Ropner, 1st Baronet, DL MC (26 February 1895 – 12 October 1977) was a Conservative Party politician in the United Kingdom.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Dutch East India Company",
"paragraph_text": "The United East India Company, sometimes known as the United East Indies Company (Dutch: Vereenigde Oostindische Compagnie; or Verenigde Oost - Indische Compagnie in modern spelling; abbreviated to VOC), better known to the English - speaking world as the Dutch East India Company or sometimes as the Dutch East Indies Company, was a multinational corporation that was founded in 1602 and became defunct in 1799. It was originally established as a chartered company to trade with India and Indianized Southeast Asian countries when the Dutch government granted it a 21 - year monopoly on the Dutch spice trade. The VOC was an early multinational corporation in its modern sense. In the early 1600s, by widely issuing bonds and shares of stock to the general public, the VOC became the world's first formally listed public company. In other words, it was the first corporation to be ever actually listed on an official stock exchange. The VOC was influential in the rise of corporate - led globalization in the early modern period. With its pioneering institutional innovations and powerful roles in world history, the company is considered by many to be the first major modern global corporation, and at its height was the most valuable corporation ever.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Sir Robert Slingsby, 1st Baronet",
"paragraph_text": "Sir Robert Slingsby, 1st Baronet (1611–1661) was an English baronet, author and Naval commander, and in his last years a much-loved colleague of Samuel Pepys.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Bernard Oppenheimer",
"paragraph_text": "Sir Bernard Oppenheimer, 1st Baronet (13 February 1866 – 13 June 1921) was a South African-British diamond merchant and philanthropist.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Edward Beauchamp",
"paragraph_text": "Sir Edward Beauchamp, 1st Baronet JP(12 April 1849 – 1 February 1925) was a British businessman and Liberal Party politician.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Sir Erasmus Philipps, 3rd Baronet",
"paragraph_text": "Sir Erasmus Philipps, 3rd Baronet (c 1623 – 18 January 1697) was a Welsh politician who sat in the House of Commons in 1654 and 1659.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Mount Lubbock",
"paragraph_text": "Mount Lubbock () is a coastal peak that rises to immediately north of Cape Jones at the south end of Daniell Peninsula, Victoria Land, Antarctica. It was discovered in January 1841 by Sir James Clark Ross who named it for Sir John Lubbock, 3rd Baronet, treasurer of the Royal Society.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Sir John Pryce, 1st Baronet",
"paragraph_text": "Sir John Pryce, 1st Baronet (c. 1596–c. 1657), sometimes also spelt Price, was an Anglo-Welsh Baronet and Member of Parliament.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Sir Thomas Morgan, 1st Baronet",
"paragraph_text": "Major-General Sir Thomas Morgan, 1st Baronet (1604 – 13 April 1679) was a Welsh soldier during the English Civil War, and Commander-in-Chief in Scotland during the Restoration.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Sir Robert Abercromby, 5th Baronet",
"paragraph_text": "Sir Robert Abercromby, 5th Baronet of Birkenbog and Forglen, FRSE (4 February 1784 – 6 July 1855) was a Scottish politician.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "George Amyand",
"paragraph_text": "Sir George Amyand, 1st Baronet (26 September 1720 – 16 August 1766) was a British Whig politician, physician and merchant.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Thomas Jaffrey",
"paragraph_text": "Sir Thomas Jaffrey, 1st Baronet (11 April 1861 – 23 July 1953) was a Scottish actuary and a prominent citizen of Aberdeen.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Sir Thomas Metcalfe, 4th Baronet",
"paragraph_text": "Sir Thomas Theophilus Metcalfe, 4th Baronet, KCB (2 January 1795 – 3 November 1853) was an East India Company civil servant and agent of the Governor General of India at the imperial court of the Mughal Emperor Bahadur Shah Zafar.",
"is_supporting": true
}
] |
When did the employer of Sir Thomas Metcalfe, 4th Baronet end?
|
[
{
"id": 226582,
"question": "Sir Thomas Metcalfe, 4th Baronet >> employer",
"answer": "East India Company",
"paragraph_support_idx": 19
},
{
"id": 45004,
"question": "when did the dutch #1 end",
"answer": "1799",
"paragraph_support_idx": 8
}
] |
1799
|
[] | true |
2hop__6100_66282
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Saint Helena",
"paragraph_text": "The national bird of Saint Helena is the Saint Helena plover, known locally as the wirebird. It appears on the coat of arms of Saint Helena and on the flag.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Saint Helena",
"paragraph_text": "The ship RMS Saint Helena runs between St Helena and Cape Town on a 5-day voyage, also visiting Ascension Island and Walvis Bay, and occasionally voyaging north to Tenerife and Portland, UK. It berths in James Bay, St Helena approximately thirty times per year. The RMS Saint Helena was due for decommissioning in 2010. However, its service life has been extended indefinitely until the airport is completed.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Pound sterling",
"paragraph_text": "The British Crown dependencies of Guernsey and Jersey produce their own local issues of sterling: the ``Guernsey pound ''and the`` Jersey pound''. The pound sterling is also used in the Isle of Man (alongside the Manx pound), Gibraltar (alongside the Gibraltar pound), the Falkland Islands (alongside the Falkland Islands pound), Saint Helena and Ascension Island in Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha (alongside the Saint Helena pound). The Bank of England is the central bank for the pound sterling, issuing its own coins and banknotes, and regulating issuance of banknotes by private banks in Scotland and Northern Ireland. Banknotes issued by other jurisdictions are not regulated by the Bank of England; local governments use Bank of England notes as backing for local issuance by allowing them to be exchanged 1: 1 at face value.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "East India Company",
"paragraph_text": "The company received a Royal Charter from Queen Elizabeth I on 31 December 1600, making it the oldest among several similarly formed European East India Companies. Wealthy merchants and aristocrats owned the company's shares. Initially the government owned no shares and had only indirect control.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Saint Helena",
"paragraph_text": "After Napoleon's death, the thousands of temporary visitors were soon withdrawn and the East India Company resumed full control of Saint Helena. Between 1815 and 1830, the EIC made available to the government of the island the packet schooner St Helena, which made multiple trips per year between the island and the Cape carrying passengers both ways, and supplies of wine and provisions back to the island.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Saint Helena",
"paragraph_text": "Under the provisions of the 1833 India Act, control of Saint Helena was passed from the East India Company to the British Crown, becoming a crown colony. Subsequent administrative cost-cutting triggered the start of a long-term population decline whereby those who could afford to do so tended to leave the island for better opportunities elsewhere. The latter half of the 19th century saw the advent of steam ships not reliant on trade winds, as well as the diversion of Far East trade away from the traditional South Atlantic shipping lanes to a route via the Red Sea (which, prior to the building of the Suez Canal, involved a short overland section). These factors contributed to a decline in the number of ships calling at the island from 1,100 in 1855 to only 288 in 1889.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Saint Helena",
"paragraph_text": "St Helena has long been known for its high proportion of endemic birds and vascular plants. The highland areas contain most of the 400 endemic species recognised to date. Much of the island has been identified by BirdLife International as being important for bird conservation, especially the endemic Saint Helena plover or wirebird, and for seabirds breeding on the offshore islets and stacks, in the north-east and the south-west Important Bird Areas. On the basis of these endemics and an exceptional range of habitats, Saint Helena is on the United Kingdom's tentative list for future UNESCO World Heritage Sites.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Saint Helena",
"paragraph_text": "The British Nationality Act 1981 reclassified Saint Helena and the other Crown colonies as British Dependent Territories. The islanders lost their right of abode in Britain. For the next 20 years, many could find only low-paid work with the island government, and the only available employment outside Saint Helena was on the Falkland Islands and Ascension Island. The Development and Economic Planning Department, which still operates, was formed in 1988 to contribute to raising the living standards of the people of Saint Helena.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Saint Helena",
"paragraph_text": "In 1815, the British government selected Saint Helena as the place of detention of Napoleon Bonaparte. He was taken to the island in October 1815. Napoleon stayed at the Briars pavilion on the grounds of the Balcombe family's home until his permanent residence, Longwood House, was completed in December 1815. Napoleon died there on 5 May 1821.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Saint Helena",
"paragraph_text": "A local industry manufacturing fibre from New Zealand flax was successfully reestablished in 1907 and generated considerable income during the First World War. Ascension Island was made a dependency of Saint Helena in 1922, and Tristan da Cunha followed in 1938. During the Second World War, the United States built Wideawake airport on Ascension in 1942, but no military use was made of Saint Helena.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Saint Helena",
"paragraph_text": "St Helena Online is a not-for-profit internet news service run from the UK by a former print and BBC journalist, working in partnership with Saint FM and the St Helena Independent.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Saint Helena",
"paragraph_text": "Today Saint Helena has its own currency, the Saint Helena pound, which is at parity with the pound sterling. The government of Saint Helena produces its own coinage and banknotes. The Bank of Saint Helena was established on Saint Helena and Ascension Island in 2004. It has branches in Jamestown on Saint Helena, and Georgetown, Ascension Island and it took over the business of the St. Helena government savings bank and Ascension Island Savings Bank.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Saint Helena",
"paragraph_text": "Saint Helena has the international calling code +290 which, since 2006, Tristan da Cunha shares. Saint Helena telephone numbers changed from 4 to 5 digits on 1 October 2013 by being prefixed with the digit \"2\", i.e. 2xxxx, with the range 5xxxx being reserved for mobile numbering, and 8xxx being used for Tristan da Cunha numbers (these still shown as 4 digits).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Central Saint Martins",
"paragraph_text": "Central Saint Martins College of Art and Design was formed in 1989 from the merger of the Central School of Art and Design, founded in 1896, and Saint Martin's School of Art, founded in 1854. Since 1986 both schools had been part of the London Institute, formed by the Inner London Education Authority to bring together seven London art, design, fashion and media schools. The London Institute became a legal entity in 1988, could award taught degrees from 1993, was granted university status in 2003 and was renamed University of the Arts London in 2004. It also includes Camberwell College of Arts, Chelsea College of Arts, the London College of Communication, the London College of Fashion and Wimbledon College of Arts.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Saint Helena",
"paragraph_text": "In 1821, Saul Solomon issued a 70,560 copper tokens worth a halfpenny each Payable at St Helena by Solomon, Dickson and Taylor – presumably London partners – that circulated alongside the East India Company's local coinage until the Crown took over the island in 1836. The coin remains readily available to collectors.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Tristan da Cunha",
"paragraph_text": "Tristan da Cunha is part of the British overseas territory of Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha. This includes Saint Helena and equatorial Ascension Island some 3,730 kilometres (2,318 mi) to the north of Tristan. The island has a population of 267 as of January 2016.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "George Middlemore",
"paragraph_text": "General George Middlemore (died 18 November 1850, Tunbridge Wells) was a British Army officer and the first Governor of Saint Helena.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Crown Jewels of the United Kingdom",
"paragraph_text": "The Crown Jewels of the United Kingdom, originally the Crown Jewels of England, are 140 royal ceremonial objects kept in the Tower of London, which include the regalia and vestments worn by British kings and queens at their coronations.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Saint Helena",
"paragraph_text": "There are scouting and guiding groups on Saint Helena and Ascension Island. Scouting was established on Saint Helena island in 1912. Lord and Lady Baden-Powell visited the Scouts on Saint Helena on the return from their 1937 tour of Africa. The visit is described in Lord Baden-Powell's book entitled African Adventures.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Saint Helena",
"paragraph_text": "Saint Helena (/ˌseɪnt həˈliːnə/ SAYNT-hə-LEE-nə) is a volcanic tropical island in the South Atlantic Ocean, 4,000 kilometres (2,500 mi) east of Rio de Janeiro and 1,950 kilometres (1,210 mi) west of the Cunene River, which marks the border between Namibia and Angola in southwestern Africa. It is part of the British Overseas Territory of Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha. Saint Helena measures about 16 by 8 kilometres (10 by 5 mi) and has a population of 4,255 (2008 census). It was named after Saint Helena of Constantinople.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
What company that ceded control of Saint Helena to the British Crown was founded in London during the reign of Elizabeth I?
|
[
{
"id": 6100,
"question": "Who turned over control of Saint Helena to the British Crown?",
"answer": "East India Company",
"paragraph_support_idx": 5
},
{
"id": 66282,
"question": "#1 founded in london during the reign of",
"answer": "Queen Elizabeth I",
"paragraph_support_idx": 3
}
] |
Queen Elizabeth I
|
[] | true |
2hop__6100_47960
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "History of India",
"paragraph_text": "From the late 18th century to the mid-19th century, large areas of India were annexed by the British East India Company of British Empire. Dissatisfaction with Company rule led to the Indian Rebellion of 1857, after which the British provinces of India were directly administered by the British Crown and witnessed a period of both rapid development of infrastructure and economic stagnation. During the first half of the 20th century, a nationwide struggle for independence was launched with the leading party involved being the Indian National Congress which was later joined by other organizations. The subcontinent gained independence from the United Kingdom in 1947, after the British provinces were partitioned into the dominions of India and Pakistan and the princely states all acceded to one of the new states.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Company rule in India",
"paragraph_text": "The East India Company was a private company owned by stockholders and reporting to a board of directors in London. Originally formed as a monopoly on trade, it increasingly took on governmental powers with its own army and judiciary. It seldom turned a profit, as employees diverted funds into their own pockets. The British government had little control, and there was increasing anger at the corruption and irresponsibility of Company officials or ``nabobs ''who made vast fortunes in a few years. Pitt's India Act of 1784 gave the British government effective control of the private company for the first time. The new policies were designed for an elite civil service career that minimized temptations for corruption. Increasingly Company officials lived in separate compounds according to British standards. The Company's rule lasted until 1858, when, after the Indian rebellion of 1857, it was abolished. With the Government of India Act 1858, the British government assumed the task of directly administering India in the new British Raj.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Saint Helena",
"paragraph_text": "The British Nationality Act 1981 reclassified Saint Helena and the other Crown colonies as British Dependent Territories. The islanders lost their right of abode in Britain. For the next 20 years, many could find only low-paid work with the island government, and the only available employment outside Saint Helena was on the Falkland Islands and Ascension Island. The Development and Economic Planning Department, which still operates, was formed in 1988 to contribute to raising the living standards of the people of Saint Helena.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Saint Helena",
"paragraph_text": "Today Saint Helena has its own currency, the Saint Helena pound, which is at parity with the pound sterling. The government of Saint Helena produces its own coinage and banknotes. The Bank of Saint Helena was established on Saint Helena and Ascension Island in 2004. It has branches in Jamestown on Saint Helena, and Georgetown, Ascension Island and it took over the business of the St. Helena government savings bank and Ascension Island Savings Bank.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Colonial India",
"paragraph_text": "The British had direct or indirect control over all of present - day India before the middle of the 19th century. In 1857, a local rebellion by an army of sepoys escalated into the Rebellion of 1857, which took six months to suppress with heavy loss of life on both sides, although the loss of British lives is in the range of a few thousand, the loss on the Indian side was in the hundreds of thousands. The trigger for the Rebellion has been a subject of controversy. The resistance, although short - lived, was triggered by British East India Company attempts to expand its control of India. According to Olson, several reasons may have triggered the Rebellion. For example, Olson concludes that the East India Company's attempt to annexe and expand its direct control of India, by arbitrary laws such as Doctrine of Lapse, combined with employment discrimination against Indians, contributed to the 1857 Rebellion. The East India Company officers lived like princes, the company finances were in shambles, and the company's effectiveness in India was examined by the British crown after 1858. As a result, the East India Company lost its powers of government and British India formally came under direct British rule, with an appointed Governor - General of India. The East India Company was dissolved the following year in 1858. A few years later, Queen Victoria took the title of Empress of India.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Saint Helena",
"paragraph_text": "After Napoleon's death, the thousands of temporary visitors were soon withdrawn and the East India Company resumed full control of Saint Helena. Between 1815 and 1830, the EIC made available to the government of the island the packet schooner St Helena, which made multiple trips per year between the island and the Cape carrying passengers both ways, and supplies of wine and provisions back to the island.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Mahalwari",
"paragraph_text": "The Mahalwari system (Hindi: महलवारी) was a revenue collection system that was introduced by Holt Mackenzie in 1822 in British India. It was one of the three major land tenure systems implemented by the British in India. The other two systems were the Permanent Settlement of Bengal in 1793 and the Ryotwari system in 1820.it covered the States of Punjab, Awadh and Agra, parts of Orissa and Madhya Pradesh. During the 1800s, the British tried to establish their control over the administrative machinery of India. The System of Land Revenue acted as a chief source of income of the British. Land was one of the most important source of income for the British. Thus, they used land to control the entire Revenue system, strengthening their economic condition in India.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Pound sterling",
"paragraph_text": "The British Crown dependencies of Guernsey and Jersey produce their own local issues of sterling: the ``Guernsey pound ''and the`` Jersey pound''. The pound sterling is also used in the Isle of Man (alongside the Manx pound), Gibraltar (alongside the Gibraltar pound), the Falkland Islands (alongside the Falkland Islands pound), Saint Helena and Ascension Island in Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha (alongside the Saint Helena pound). The Bank of England is the central bank for the pound sterling, issuing its own coins and banknotes, and regulating issuance of banknotes by private banks in Scotland and Northern Ireland. Banknotes issued by other jurisdictions are not regulated by the Bank of England; local governments use Bank of England notes as backing for local issuance by allowing them to be exchanged 1: 1 at face value.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "British Empire",
"paragraph_text": "During the late 18th and early 19th centuries the British Crown began to assume an increasingly large role in the affairs of the Company. A series of Acts of Parliament were passed, including the Regulating Act of 1773, Pitt's India Act of 1784 and the Charter Act of 1813 which regulated the Company's affairs and established the sovereignty of the Crown over the territories that it had acquired. The Company's eventual end was precipitated by the Indian Rebellion, a conflict that had begun with the mutiny of sepoys, Indian troops under British officers and discipline. The rebellion took six months to suppress, with heavy loss of life on both sides. The following year the British government dissolved the Company and assumed direct control over India through the Government of India Act 1858, establishing the British Raj, where an appointed governor-general administered India and Queen Victoria was crowned the Empress of India. India became the empire's most valuable possession, \"the Jewel in the Crown\", and was the most important source of Britain's strength.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "George Middlemore",
"paragraph_text": "General George Middlemore (died 18 November 1850, Tunbridge Wells) was a British Army officer and the first Governor of Saint Helena.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Saint Helena",
"paragraph_text": "Throughout this period, Saint Helena was an important port of call of the East India Company. East Indiamen would stop there on the return leg of their voyages to British India and China. At Saint Helena ships could replenish supplies of water and provisions, and during war time, form convoys that would sail under the protection of vessels of the Royal Navy. Captain James Cook's vessel HMS Endeavour anchored and resupplied off the coast of St Helena in May 1771, on her return from the European discovery of the east coast of Australia and rediscovery of New Zealand.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Saint Helena",
"paragraph_text": "Under the provisions of the 1833 India Act, control of Saint Helena was passed from the East India Company to the British Crown, becoming a crown colony. Subsequent administrative cost-cutting triggered the start of a long-term population decline whereby those who could afford to do so tended to leave the island for better opportunities elsewhere. The latter half of the 19th century saw the advent of steam ships not reliant on trade winds, as well as the diversion of Far East trade away from the traditional South Atlantic shipping lanes to a route via the Red Sea (which, prior to the building of the Suez Canal, involved a short overland section). These factors contributed to a decline in the number of ships calling at the island from 1,100 in 1855 to only 288 in 1889.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "East India Company",
"paragraph_text": "By 1803, at the height of its rule in India, the British East India company had a private army of about 260,000 -- twice the size of the British Army, with Indian revenues of £13,464,561, and expenses of £14,017,473. The company eventually came to rule large areas of India with its private armies, exercising military power and assuming administrative functions. Company rule in India effectively began in 1757 and lasted until 1858, when, following the Indian Rebellion of 1857, the Government of India Act 1858 led to the British Crown's assuming direct control of the Indian subcontinent in the form of the new British Raj.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Governor-General of India",
"paragraph_text": "The Governor - General of India (or, from 1858 to 1947, officially the Viceroy and Governor - General of India, commonly shortened to Viceroy of India) was originally the head of the British administration in India and, later, after Indian independence in 1947, the representative of the Indian head of state. The office was created in 1773, with the title of Governor - General of the Presidency of Fort William. The officer had direct control only over Fort William, but supervised other British East India Company officials in India. Complete authority over all of British India was granted in 1833, and the official came to be known as the ``Governor - General of India ''.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Tristan da Cunha",
"paragraph_text": "Tristan da Cunha is part of the British overseas territory of Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha. This includes Saint Helena and equatorial Ascension Island some 3,730 kilometres (2,318 mi) to the north of Tristan. The island has a population of 267 as of January 2016.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "British Empire",
"paragraph_text": "During the middle decades of the 18th century, there were several outbreaks of military conflict on the Indian subcontinent, the Carnatic Wars, as the English East India Company (often known simply as ``the Company '') and its French counterpart, the French East India Company (Compagnie française des Indes orientales), struggled alongside local rulers to fill the vacuum that had been left by the decline of the Mughal Empire. The Battle of Plassey in 1757, in which the British, led by Robert Clive, defeated the Nawab of Bengal and his French allies, left the British East India Company in control of Bengal and as the major military and political power in India. France was left control of its enclaves but with military restrictions and an obligation to support British client states, ending French hopes of controlling India. In the following decades the British East India Company gradually increased the size of the territories under its control, either ruling directly or via local rulers under the threat of force from the British Indian Army, the vast majority of which was composed of Indian sepoys.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Syed Ahmad Khan",
"paragraph_text": "Syed Ahmed was bestowed with the suffix of 'Khan Bahadur' and was subsequently knighted by the British government in 1888 and was awarded Knight Commander of the order of Star of India (KCSI) for his loyalty to the British crown, through his membership of the Imperial Legislative Council and in the following year he received an LL. D. honoris causa from the Edinburgh University.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "American Revolution",
"paragraph_text": "The Continental Army forced the British out of Boston in 1776, but the British captured and held New York City for the duration of the war. The British blockaded ports and captured other cities for brief periods, but they failed to defeat Washington's forces. The Patriots unsuccessfully attempted to invade Canada during the winter of 1775 -- 76, but they captured a British army at the Battle of Saratoga in late 1777, and the French entered the war as allies of the United States as a result. The war later turned to the American South where the British under the leadership of Charles Cornwallis captured an army at South Carolina but failed to enlist enough volunteers from Loyalist civilians to take effective control of the territory. A combined American -- French force captured a second British army at Yorktown in 1781, effectively ending the war in the United States. The Treaty of Paris in 1783 formally ended the conflict, confirming the new nation's complete separation from the British Empire. The United States took possession of nearly all the territory east of the Mississippi River and south of the Great Lakes, with the British retaining control of Canada and Spain taking Florida.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Saint Helena",
"paragraph_text": "The national bird of Saint Helena is the Saint Helena plover, known locally as the wirebird. It appears on the coat of arms of Saint Helena and on the flag.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Saint Helena",
"paragraph_text": "Saint Helena (/ˌseɪnt həˈliːnə/ SAYNT-hə-LEE-nə) is a volcanic tropical island in the South Atlantic Ocean, 4,000 kilometres (2,500 mi) east of Rio de Janeiro and 1,950 kilometres (1,210 mi) west of the Cunene River, which marks the border between Namibia and Angola in southwestern Africa. It is part of the British Overseas Territory of Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha. Saint Helena measures about 16 by 8 kilometres (10 by 5 mi) and has a population of 4,255 (2008 census). It was named after Saint Helena of Constantinople.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
When did the company which turned control of Saint Helena over to the British Crown take over India?
|
[
{
"id": 6100,
"question": "Who turned over control of Saint Helena to the British Crown?",
"answer": "East India Company",
"paragraph_support_idx": 11
},
{
"id": 47960,
"question": "when did the british #1 take over india",
"answer": "1757",
"paragraph_support_idx": 12
}
] |
1757
|
[] | true |
2hop__6092_47960
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Governor-General of India",
"paragraph_text": "The Governor - General of India (or, from 1858 to 1947, officially the Viceroy and Governor - General of India, commonly shortened to Viceroy of India) was originally the head of the British administration in India and, later, after Indian independence in 1947, the representative of the Indian head of state. The office was created in 1773, with the title of Governor - General of the Presidency of Fort William. The officer had direct control only over Fort William, but supervised other British East India Company officials in India. Complete authority over all of British India was granted in 1833, and the official came to be known as the ``Governor - General of India ''.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "British Empire",
"paragraph_text": "During the late 18th and early 19th centuries the British Crown began to assume an increasingly large role in the affairs of the Company. A series of Acts of Parliament were passed, including the Regulating Act of 1773, Pitt's India Act of 1784 and the Charter Act of 1813 which regulated the Company's affairs and established the sovereignty of the Crown over the territories that it had acquired. The Company's eventual end was precipitated by the Indian Rebellion, a conflict that had begun with the mutiny of sepoys, Indian troops under British officers and discipline. The rebellion took six months to suppress, with heavy loss of life on both sides. The following year the British government dissolved the Company and assumed direct control over India through the Government of India Act 1858, establishing the British Raj, where an appointed governor-general administered India and Queen Victoria was crowned the Empress of India. India became the empire's most valuable possession, \"the Jewel in the Crown\", and was the most important source of Britain's strength.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Fourth Anglo-Mysore War",
"paragraph_text": "This was the final conflict of the four Anglo -- Mysore Wars. The British captured the capital of Mysore. The ruler Tipu Sultan was killed in the battle. Britain took indirect control of Mysore, restoring the Wodeyar Dynasty to the Mysore throne (with a British commissioner to advise him on all issues). Tipu Sultan's young heir, Fateh Ali, was sent into exile. The Kingdom of Mysore became a princely state in a subsidiary alliance with British India and ceded Coimbatore, Dakshina Kannada and Uttara Kannada to the British.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "East India Company",
"paragraph_text": "By 1803, at the height of its rule in India, the British East India company had a private army of about 260,000 -- twice the size of the British Army, with Indian revenues of £13,464,561, and expenses of £14,017,473. The company eventually came to rule large areas of India with its private armies, exercising military power and assuming administrative functions. Company rule in India effectively began in 1757 and lasted until 1858, when, following the Indian Rebellion of 1857, the Government of India Act 1858 led to the British Crown's assuming direct control of the Indian subcontinent in the form of the new British Raj.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "British Empire",
"paragraph_text": "During the middle decades of the 18th century, there were several outbreaks of military conflict on the Indian subcontinent, the Carnatic Wars, as the English East India Company (often known simply as ``the Company '') and its French counterpart, the French East India Company (Compagnie française des Indes orientales), struggled alongside local rulers to fill the vacuum that had been left by the decline of the Mughal Empire. The Battle of Plassey in 1757, in which the British, led by Robert Clive, defeated the Nawab of Bengal and his French allies, left the British East India Company in control of Bengal and as the major military and political power in India. France was left control of its enclaves but with military restrictions and an obligation to support British client states, ending French hopes of controlling India. In the following decades the British East India Company gradually increased the size of the territories under its control, either ruling directly or via local rulers under the threat of force from the British Indian Army, the vast majority of which was composed of Indian sepoys.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Napoleon",
"paragraph_text": "After returning from Egypt, Napoleon engineered a coup in November 1799 and became First Consul of the Republic. Another victory over the Austrians at the Battle of Marengo in 1800 secured his political power. With the Concordat of 1801, Napoleon restored the religious privileges of the Catholic Church while keeping the lands seized by the Revolution. The state continued to nominate the bishops and to control church finances. He extended his political control over France until the Senate declared him Emperor of the French in 1804, launching the French Empire. Intractable differences with the British meant that the French were facing a Third Coalition by 1805. Napoleon shattered this coalition with decisive victories in the Ulm Campaign and a historic triumph at the Battle of Austerlitz, which led to the elimination of the Holy Roman Empire. In October 1805, however, a Franco-Spanish fleet was destroyed at the Battle of Trafalgar, allowing Britain to impose a naval blockade of the French coasts. In retaliation, Napoleon established the Continental System in 1806 to cut off continental trade with Britain. The Fourth Coalition took up arms against him the same year because Prussia became worried about growing French influence on the continent. Napoleon knocked out Prussia at the battles of Jena and Auerstedt, then turned his attention towards the Russians and annihilated them in June 1807 at Friedland, which forced the Russians to accept the Treaties of Tilsit.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Aquila Airways",
"paragraph_text": "In 1954 the British Aviation Services Group took control of Aquila Airways, the last commercial flying boat operator in the United Kingdom.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Tripartite Struggle",
"paragraph_text": "The Tripartite Struggle for control of northern India took place in the ninth century. The struggle was between the Pratihara Empire, the Pala Empire and the Rashtrakuta Empire.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Saint Helena",
"paragraph_text": "After Napoleon's death, the thousands of temporary visitors were soon withdrawn and the East India Company resumed full control of Saint Helena. Between 1815 and 1830, the EIC made available to the government of the island the packet schooner St Helena, which made multiple trips per year between the island and the Cape carrying passengers both ways, and supplies of wine and provisions back to the island.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "East India Company",
"paragraph_text": "During the period of the Napoleonic Wars, the East India Company arranged for letters of marque for its vessels such as the Lord Nelson. This was not so that they could carry cannon to fend off warships, privateers and pirates on their voyages to India and China (that they could do without permission) but so that, should they have the opportunity to take a prize, they could do so without being guilty of piracy. Similarly, the Earl of Mornington, an East India Company packet ship of only six guns, also sailed under a letter of marque.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "History of India",
"paragraph_text": "The Indian rebellion of 1857 was a large-scale rebellion by soldiers employed by the British East India in northern and central India against the Company's rule. The rebels were disorganized, had differing goals, and were poorly equipped, led, and trained, and had no outside support or funding. They were brutally suppressed and the British government took control of the Company and eliminated many of the grievances that caused it. The government also was determined to keep full control so that no rebellion of such size would ever happen again.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Saint Helena",
"paragraph_text": "In 1815, the British government selected Saint Helena as the place of detention of Napoleon Bonaparte. He was taken to the island in October 1815. Napoleon stayed at the Briars pavilion on the grounds of the Balcombe family's home until his permanent residence, Longwood House, was completed in December 1815. Napoleon died there on 5 May 1821.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Napoleon",
"paragraph_text": "The Russian army withdrew and retreated past Moscow. Napoleon entered the city, assuming its fall would end the war and Alexander would negotiate peace. However, on orders of the city's governor Feodor Rostopchin, rather than capitulation, Moscow was burned. After five weeks, Napoleon and his army left. In early November Napoleon got concerned about loss of control back in France after the Malet coup of 1812. His army walked through snow up to their knees and nearly 10,000 men and horses froze to death on the night of 8/9 November alone. After Battle of Berezina Napoleon succeeded to escape but had to abandon much of the remaining artillery and baggage train. On 5 December, shortly before arriving in Vilnius, Napoleon left the army in a sledge.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Battle of Corunna",
"paragraph_text": "The Battle of Corunna (or \"A Coruña\", \"La Corunna\", \"La Coruña\" or \"La Corogne\"), in Spain known as Battle of Elviña, took place on 16 January 1809, when a French corps under Marshal of the Empire Nicolas Jean de Dieu Soult attacked a British army under Lieutenant-General Sir John Moore. The battle took place amidst the Peninsular War, which was a part of the wider Napoleonic Wars. It was a result of a French campaign, led by Napoleon, which had defeated the Spanish armies and caused the British army to withdraw to the coast following an unsuccessful attempt by Moore to attack Soult's corps and divert the French army.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "American Revolution",
"paragraph_text": "The Continental Army forced the British out of Boston in 1776, but the British captured and held New York City for the duration of the war. The British blockaded ports and captured other cities for brief periods, but they failed to defeat Washington's forces. The Patriots unsuccessfully attempted to invade Canada during the winter of 1775 -- 76, but they captured a British army at the Battle of Saratoga in late 1777, and the French entered the war as allies of the United States as a result. The war later turned to the American South where the British under the leadership of Charles Cornwallis captured an army at South Carolina but failed to enlist enough volunteers from Loyalist civilians to take effective control of the territory. A combined American -- French force captured a second British army at Yorktown in 1781, effectively ending the war in the United States. The Treaty of Paris in 1783 formally ended the conflict, confirming the new nation's complete separation from the British Empire. The United States took possession of nearly all the territory east of the Mississippi River and south of the Great Lakes, with the British retaining control of Canada and Spain taking Florida.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Saint Helena",
"paragraph_text": "The island was uninhabited when discovered by the Portuguese in 1502. One of the most remote islands in the world, it was for centuries an important stopover for ships sailing to Europe from Asia and South Africa. Napoleon was imprisoned there in exile by the British, as were Dinuzulu kaCetshwayo (for leading a Zulu army against British rule) and more than 5,000 Boers taken prisoner during the Second Boer War.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Colonial India",
"paragraph_text": "The British had direct or indirect control over all of present - day India before the middle of the 19th century. In 1857, a local rebellion by an army of sepoys escalated into the Rebellion of 1857, which took six months to suppress with heavy loss of life on both sides, although the loss of British lives is in the range of a few thousand, the loss on the Indian side was in the hundreds of thousands. The trigger for the Rebellion has been a subject of controversy. The resistance, although short - lived, was triggered by British East India Company attempts to expand its control of India. According to Olson, several reasons may have triggered the Rebellion. For example, Olson concludes that the East India Company's attempt to annexe and expand its direct control of India, by arbitrary laws such as Doctrine of Lapse, combined with employment discrimination against Indians, contributed to the 1857 Rebellion. The East India Company officers lived like princes, the company finances were in shambles, and the company's effectiveness in India was examined by the British crown after 1858. As a result, the East India Company lost its powers of government and British India formally came under direct British rule, with an appointed Governor - General of India. The East India Company was dissolved the following year in 1858. A few years later, Queen Victoria took the title of Empress of India.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Napoleon",
"paragraph_text": "Tensions over rising Polish nationalism and the economic effects of the Continental System led to renewed confrontation with Russia. To enforce his blockade, Napoleon launched an invasion of Russia in the summer of 1812. The resulting campaign witnessed the catastrophic collapse of the Grand Army, forcing the French to retreat, as well as leading to the widespread destruction of Russian lands and cities. In 1813, Prussia and Austria joined Russian forces in a Sixth Coalition against France. A chaotic military campaign in Central Europe eventually culminated in a large Allied army defeating Napoleon at the Battle of Leipzig in October. The next year, the Allies invaded France and captured Paris, forcing Napoleon to abdicate in April 1814. He was exiled to the island of Elba. The Bourbons were restored to power and the French lost most of the territories that they had conquered since the Revolution. However, Napoleon escaped from Elba in February 1815 and took control of the government once again. The Allies responded by forming a Seventh Coalition, which ultimately defeated Napoleon at the Battle of Waterloo in June. The Royal Navy then thwarted his planned escape to the United States in July, so he surrendered to the British after running out of other options. The British exiled him to the remote island of Saint Helena in the South Atlantic. His death in 1821 at the age of 51 was received with shock and grief throughout Europe. In 1840, a million people witnessed his remains returning to Paris, where they still reside at Les Invalides.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Battle of Qurna (Iraq War)",
"paragraph_text": "Battle of Qurna was a battle during the Iraq War between the Multinational force in Iraq and Iraqi insurgents. The battle took part in Al-Qurna. In the battle, the insurgents tried to take the control of the city from the allies, mainly Danish, Lithuanian and British soldiers. The insurgents were later forced to retreat.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Company rule in India",
"paragraph_text": "The East India Company was a private company owned by stockholders and reporting to a board of directors in London. Originally formed as a monopoly on trade, it increasingly took on governmental powers with its own army and judiciary. It seldom turned a profit, as employees diverted funds into their own pockets. The British government had little control, and there was increasing anger at the corruption and irresponsibility of Company officials or ``nabobs ''who made vast fortunes in a few years. Pitt's India Act of 1784 gave the British government effective control of the private company for the first time. The new policies were designed for an elite civil service career that minimized temptations for corruption. Increasingly Company officials lived in separate compounds according to British standards. The Company's rule lasted until 1858, when, after the Indian rebellion of 1857, it was abolished. With the Government of India Act 1858, the British government assumed the task of directly administering India in the new British Raj.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
When did the British company that took full control of St. Helena after Napoleon's death, take over India?
|
[
{
"id": 6092,
"question": "Who took full control of the island after Napoleon's death?",
"answer": "East India Company",
"paragraph_support_idx": 8
},
{
"id": 47960,
"question": "when did the british #1 take over india",
"answer": "1757",
"paragraph_support_idx": 3
}
] |
1757
|
[] | true |
2hop__27241_78772
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Battle of Deeg",
"paragraph_text": "The Battle of Deeg, fought on 13 November 1804, took place outside Deeg, now in the Bharatpur district of Rajasthan, India. A force of the British East India Company led by Major General Fraser defeated a Maratha force. Fraser was himself mortally wounded in the attack. The British captured about 87 guns of the enemy's 160. British casualties were over 640 killed or wounded. Maratha casualties were estimated at over 2,000.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "British Empire",
"paragraph_text": "During the middle decades of the 18th century, there were several outbreaks of military conflict on the Indian subcontinent, the Carnatic Wars, as the English East India Company (the Company) and its French counterpart, the Compagnie française des Indes orientales, struggled alongside local rulers to fill the vacuum that had been left by the decline of the Mughal Empire. The Battle of Plassey in 1757, in which the British, led by Robert Clive, defeated the Nawab of Bengal and his French allies, left the Company in control of Bengal and as the major military and political power in India. France was left control of its enclaves but with military restrictions and an obligation to support British client states, ending French hopes of controlling India. In the following decades the Company gradually increased the size of the territories under its control, either ruling directly or via local rulers under the threat of force from the British Indian Army, the vast majority of which was composed of Indian sepoys.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "British Empire",
"paragraph_text": "During the middle decades of the 18th century, there were several outbreaks of military conflict on the Indian subcontinent, the Carnatic Wars, as the English East India Company (often known simply as ``the Company '') and its French counterpart, the French East India Company (Compagnie française des Indes orientales), struggled alongside local rulers to fill the vacuum that had been left by the decline of the Mughal Empire. The Battle of Plassey in 1757, in which the British, led by Robert Clive, defeated the Nawab of Bengal and his French allies, left the British East India Company in control of Bengal and as the major military and political power in India. France was left control of its enclaves but with military restrictions and an obligation to support British client states, ending French hopes of controlling India. In the following decades the British East India Company gradually increased the size of the territories under its control, either ruling directly or via local rulers under the threat of force from the British Indian Army, the vast majority of which was composed of Indian sepoys.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Battle of Sobraon",
"paragraph_text": "The Battle of Sobraon was fought on 10 February 1846, between the forces of the East India Company and the Sikh Khalsa Army, the army of the Sikh Empire of the Punjab. The Sikhs were completely defeated, making this the decisive battle of the First Anglo-Sikh War.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "East India Company",
"paragraph_text": "During its first century of operation, the focus of the company was trade, not the building of an empire in India. Company interests turned from trade to territory during the 18th century as the Mughal Empire declined in power and the East India Company struggled with its French counterpart, the French East India Company (Compagnie française des Indes orientales) during the Carnatic Wars of the 1740s and 1750s. The Battle of Plassey and Battle of Buxar, in which the British, led by Robert Clive, defeated the Indian powers, left the company in control of Bengal and a major military and political power in India. In the following decades it gradually increased the extent of the territories under its control, ruling the whole Indian subcontinent either directly or indirectly via local puppet rulers under the threat of force by its Presidency armies, much of which were composed of native Indian sepoys.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "History of Bangladesh",
"paragraph_text": "Following the decline of the Mughal Empire in the early 1700s, Bengal became a semi-independent state under the Nawabs of Bengal, before it was conquered by the British East India Company at the Battle of Plassey in 1757, directly contributing to the Industrial Revolution in Britain and to deindustrialization and famines in Bengal. The Bengali city of Calcutta served as the capital city of British India up until the early 20th century.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Doctrine of lapse",
"paragraph_text": "With the increasing power of the East India Company, discontent simmered among many sections of Indian society and the largely indigenous armed forces; these rallied behind the deposed dynasties during the Indian Rebellion of 1857, also known as the Sepoy Mutiny. Following the rebellion, in 1858, the new British Viceroy of India, whose rule replaced that of the British East India Company, renounced the doctrine.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Battle of Poona",
"paragraph_text": "The Battle of Poona took place on 25 October 1802 near Pune between the rival factions of the Maratha Confederacy. The forces of the Scindia (Shinde) and the Peshwa Bajirao II were attacked by the Holkars. While the British East India Company was not involved in the battle, its outcome and aftermath led to the Second Anglo-Maratha War.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Child labour",
"paragraph_text": "On 23 June 1757, the English East India Company defeated Siraj-ud-Daula, the Nawab of Bengal, in the Battle of Plassey. The British thus became masters of east India (Bengal, Bihar, Orissa) – a prosperous region with a flourishing agriculture, industry and trade. This led to a large amount of children being forced into labour due to the increasing need of cheap labour to produce large numbers of goods. Many multinationals often employed children because that they can be recruited for less pay, and have more endurance to utilise in factory environments. Another reason many Indian children were hired was because they lack knowledge of their basic rights, they did not cause trouble or complain, and they were often more trustworthy. The innocence that comes with childhood was utilised to make a profit by many and was encouraged by the need for family income.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "East India Company",
"paragraph_text": "The company received a Royal Charter from Queen Elizabeth I on 31 December 1600, making it the oldest among several similarly formed European East India Companies. Wealthy merchants and aristocrats owned the company's shares. Initially the government owned no shares and had only indirect control.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Bhopal State",
"paragraph_text": "The state was founded in 1707 CE by Dost Mohammad Khan, an Pashtun soldier in the Mughal army, who became a mercenary after the Emperor Aurangzeb's death and annexed several territories to his fiefdom. It came under the suzerainty of the Nizam of Hyderabad in 1723 shortly after its foundation. In 1737, Marathas defeated the Mughals and the Nawab of Bhopal in the Battle of Bhopal, and started collecting tribute from the state. After the defeat of the Marathas in the Third Anglo - Maratha War, Bhopal became a British princely state in 1818. Bhopal State was the second largest state in pre-independence India, with a Muslim leadership, first being Hyderabad State. The state was merged into the Union of India in 1949 as Bhopal.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Indian Rebellion of 1857",
"paragraph_text": "The Indian Rebellion of 1857 was a major, but ultimately unsuccessful, uprising in India in 1857 -- 58 against the rule of the British East India Company, which functioned as a sovereign power on behalf of the British Crown. The rebellion began on 10 May 1857 in the form of a mutiny of sepoys of the Company's army in the garrison town of Meerut, 40 miles northeast of Delhi (now Old Delhi). It then erupted into other mutinies and civilian rebellions chiefly in the upper Gangetic plain and central India, though incidents of revolt also occurred farther north and east. The rebellion posed a considerable threat to British power in that region, and was contained only with the rebels' defeat in Gwalior on 20 June 1858. On 1 November 1858, the British granted amnesty to all rebels not involved in murder, though they did not declare the hostilities formally to have ended until 8 July 1859. The rebellion is known by many names, including the Sepoy Mutiny, the Indian Mutiny, the Great Rebellion, the Revolt of 1857, the Indian Insurrection, and India's First War of Independence.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Great Bengal famine of 1770",
"paragraph_text": "In the 17th century, the English East India Company had been given a grant of the town of Calcutta by the Mughal Prince Shah Shuja. At this time the Company was effectively another tributary power of the Mughal. During the following century, the company obtained sole trading rights for the province and went on to become the dominant power in Bengal. In 1757, at the Battle of Plassey, the British defeated the nawab Siraj Ud Daulah and plundered the Bengali treasury. In 1764 their military control was reaffirmed at Buxar. The subsequent treaty gained them the diwani, that is, taxation rights; the Company thereby became the de facto ruler of Bengal.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "France–Vietnam relations",
"paragraph_text": "French -- Vietnamese relations started as early as the 17th century with the mission of the Jesuit father Alexandre de Rhodes. Various traders would visit Vietnam during the 18th century, until the major involvement of French forces under Pigneau de Béhaine from 1787 to 1789 helped establish the Nguyễn Dynasty. France was heavily involved in Vietnam in the 19th century under the pretext of protecting the work of Catholic missionaries in the country. France progressively carved for itself a huge colony, which would form French Indochina in 1887. France continued to rule Vietnam as a colony until France's defeat in the First Indochina War and the proclamation of Vietnam's independence in 1954.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Battle of Plassey",
"paragraph_text": "The Battle of Plassey was a decisive victory of the British East India Company over the Nawab of Bengal and his French allies on 23 June 1757. The battle consolidated the Company's presence in Bengal, which later expanded to cover much of India over the next hundred years.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "History of India",
"paragraph_text": "The Nawab of Bengal Siraj Ud Daulah, the de facto ruler of the Bengal province, opposed British attempts to use these permits. This led to the Battle of Plassey on 23 June 1757, in which the Bengal Army of the East India Company, led by Robert Clive, defeated the French-supported Nawab's forces. This was the first real political foothold with territorial implications that the British acquired in India. Clive was appointed by the company as its first 'Governor of Bengal' in 1757. This was combined with British victories over the French at Madras, Wandiwash and Pondichéry that, along with wider British successes during the Seven Years' War, reduced French influence in India. The British East India Company extended its control over the whole of Bengal. After the Battle of Buxar in 1764, the company acquired the rights of administration in Bengal from de jure Mughal Emperor Shah Alam II; this marked the beginning of its formal rule, which within the next century engulfed most of India. The East India Company monopolized the trade of Bengal. They introduced a land taxation system called the Permanent Settlement which introduced a feudal-like structure in Bengal, often with zamindars set in place.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "British Empire",
"paragraph_text": "During the late 18th and early 19th centuries the British Crown began to assume an increasingly large role in the affairs of the Company. A series of Acts of Parliament were passed, including the Regulating Act of 1773, Pitt's India Act of 1784 and the Charter Act of 1813 which regulated the Company's affairs and established the sovereignty of the Crown over the territories that it had acquired. The Company's eventual end was precipitated by the Indian Rebellion, a conflict that had begun with the mutiny of sepoys, Indian troops under British officers and discipline. The rebellion took six months to suppress, with heavy loss of life on both sides. The following year the British government dissolved the Company and assumed direct control over India through the Government of India Act 1858, establishing the British Raj, where an appointed governor-general administered India and Queen Victoria was crowned the Empress of India. India became the empire's most valuable possession, \"the Jewel in the Crown\", and was the most important source of Britain's strength.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Palashi",
"paragraph_text": "Palashi (pəˈlaːsi)), also known as Plassey, is a village on the Bhagirathi river, located approximately 50 kilometres north of the city of Krishnanagar in Kaliganj CD Block in the Nadia District of West Bengal, India. The nearest major town is Beldanga. It has its own two local gram panchayat. It is particularly well known due to the Battle of Plassey fought there in June 1757, between the private army of the British East India Company and the army of the king of Bengal, Nawab Siraj Ud Daulah.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Battle of Plassey",
"paragraph_text": "The Battle of Plassey was a decisive victory of the British East India Company over the Nawab of Bengal and his French allies on 23 June 1757, under the leadership of Robert Clive. The battle consolidated the Company's presence in Bengal, which later expanded to cover much of India over the next hundred years.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Battle of Chinsurah",
"paragraph_text": "The Battle of Chinsurah (also known as the Battle of Biderra or Battle of Hoogly) took place near Chinsurah, India on 25 November 1759 during the Seven Years' War between a force of British troops mainly of the British East India Company and a force of the Dutch East India Company which had been invited by the Nawab of Bengal Mir Jafar to help him eject the British and establish themselves as the leading commercial company in Bengal. Despite Britain and the Dutch Republic not formally being at war, the Dutch advanced up the Hooghly River. They met a mixed force of British and local troops at Chinsurah, just outside Calcutta. The British, under Colonel Francis Forde, defeated the Dutch, forcing them to withdraw. The British engaged and defeated the ships the Dutch used to deliver the troops in a separate naval battle on November 24.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
When was the British company that was heavily involved in the defeat of the Nawab's forces established in India?
|
[
{
"id": 27241,
"question": "What British company was heavily involved in the defeat of the Nawab's forces?",
"answer": "East India Company",
"paragraph_support_idx": 15
},
{
"id": 78772,
"question": "when was #1 established in india",
"answer": "31 December 1600",
"paragraph_support_idx": 9
}
] |
31 December 1600
|
[] | true |
2hop__27241_66282
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Battle of Poona",
"paragraph_text": "The Battle of Poona took place on 25 October 1802 near Pune between the rival factions of the Maratha Confederacy. The forces of the Scindia (Shinde) and the Peshwa Bajirao II were attacked by the Holkars. While the British East India Company was not involved in the battle, its outcome and aftermath led to the Second Anglo-Maratha War.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Royal Dutch Shell",
"paragraph_text": "In February 1907, the Royal Dutch Shell Group was created through the amalgamation of two rival companies: the Royal Dutch Petroleum Company of the Netherlands and the \"Shell\" Transport and Trading Company Ltd of the United Kingdom. It was a move largely driven by the need to compete globally with Standard Oil. The Royal Dutch Petroleum Company was a Dutch company founded in 1890 to develop an oilfield in Sumatra, and initially led by August Kessler, Hugo Loudon, and Henri Deterding. The \"Shell\" Transport and Trading Company (the quotation marks were part of the legal name) was a British company, founded in 1897 by Marcus Samuel, 1st Viscount Bearsted, and his brother Samuel Samuel. Their father had owned an antique company in Houndsditch, London, which expanded in 1833 to import and sell sea-shells, after which the company \"Shell\" took its name.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "British colonization of the Americas",
"paragraph_text": "In 1607, Jamestown, Virginia was founded by the London Company (also known as the Virginia Company). In Newfoundland, a chartered company known as the Society of Merchant Venturers established a permanent settlement at Cuper's Cove, from 1610. St. George's, Bermuda was founded by the Virginia Company, in 1612.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Battle of Deeg",
"paragraph_text": "The Battle of Deeg, fought on 13 November 1804, took place outside Deeg, now in the Bharatpur district of Rajasthan, India. A force of the British East India Company led by Major General Fraser defeated a Maratha force. Fraser was himself mortally wounded in the attack. The British captured about 87 guns of the enemy's 160. British casualties were over 640 killed or wounded. Maratha casualties were estimated at over 2,000.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "British Empire",
"paragraph_text": "During the middle decades of the 18th century, there were several outbreaks of military conflict on the Indian subcontinent, the Carnatic Wars, as the English East India Company (the Company) and its French counterpart, the Compagnie française des Indes orientales, struggled alongside local rulers to fill the vacuum that had been left by the decline of the Mughal Empire. The Battle of Plassey in 1757, in which the British, led by Robert Clive, defeated the Nawab of Bengal and his French allies, left the Company in control of Bengal and as the major military and political power in India. France was left control of its enclaves but with military restrictions and an obligation to support British client states, ending French hopes of controlling India. In the following decades the Company gradually increased the size of the territories under its control, either ruling directly or via local rulers under the threat of force from the British Indian Army, the vast majority of which was composed of Indian sepoys.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "British Empire",
"paragraph_text": "During the middle decades of the 18th century, there were several outbreaks of military conflict on the Indian subcontinent, the Carnatic Wars, as the English East India Company (often known simply as ``the Company '') and its French counterpart, the French East India Company (Compagnie française des Indes orientales), struggled alongside local rulers to fill the vacuum that had been left by the decline of the Mughal Empire. The Battle of Plassey in 1757, in which the British, led by Robert Clive, defeated the Nawab of Bengal and his French allies, left the British East India Company in control of Bengal and as the major military and political power in India. France was left control of its enclaves but with military restrictions and an obligation to support British client states, ending French hopes of controlling India. In the following decades the British East India Company gradually increased the size of the territories under its control, either ruling directly or via local rulers under the threat of force from the British Indian Army, the vast majority of which was composed of Indian sepoys.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Battle of Chinsurah",
"paragraph_text": "The Battle of Chinsurah (also known as the Battle of Biderra or Battle of Hoogly) took place near Chinsurah, India on 25 November 1759 during the Seven Years' War between a force of British troops mainly of the British East India Company and a force of the Dutch East India Company which had been invited by the Nawab of Bengal Mir Jafar to help him eject the British and establish themselves as the leading commercial company in Bengal. Despite Britain and the Dutch Republic not formally being at war, the Dutch advanced up the Hooghly River. They met a mixed force of British and local troops at Chinsurah, just outside Calcutta. The British, under Colonel Francis Forde, defeated the Dutch, forcing them to withdraw. The British engaged and defeated the ships the Dutch used to deliver the troops in a separate naval battle on November 24.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Battle of Plassey",
"paragraph_text": "The Battle of Plassey was a decisive victory of the British East India Company over the Nawab of Bengal and his French allies on 23 June 1757. The battle consolidated the Company's presence in Bengal, which later expanded to cover much of India over the next hundred years.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Siemens",
"paragraph_text": "Siemens & Halske was founded by Werner von Siemens and Johann Georg Halske on 12 October 1847. Based on the telegraph, their invention used a needle to point to the sequence of letters, instead of using Morse code. The company, then called Telegraphen-Bauanstalt von Siemens & Halske, opened its first workshop on 12 October.In 1848, the company built the first long-distance telegraph line in Europe; 500 km from Berlin to Frankfurt am Main. In 1850, the founder's younger brother, Carl Wilhelm Siemens, later Sir William Siemens, started to represent the company in London. The London agency became a branch office in 1858. In the 1850s, the company was involved in building long distance telegraph networks in Russia. In 1855, a company branch headed by another brother, Carl Heinrich von Siemens, opened in St Petersburg, Russia. In 1867, Siemens completed the monumental Indo-European telegraph line stretching over 11,000 km from London to Calcutta.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Battle of Plassey",
"paragraph_text": "The Battle of Plassey was a decisive victory of the British East India Company over the Nawab of Bengal and his French allies on 23 June 1757, under the leadership of Robert Clive. The battle consolidated the Company's presence in Bengal, which later expanded to cover much of India over the next hundred years.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Great Bengal famine of 1770",
"paragraph_text": "In the 17th century, the English East India Company had been given a grant of the town of Calcutta by the Mughal Prince Shah Shuja. At this time the Company was effectively another tributary power of the Mughal. During the following century, the company obtained sole trading rights for the province and went on to become the dominant power in Bengal. In 1757, at the Battle of Plassey, the British defeated the nawab Siraj Ud Daulah and plundered the Bengali treasury. In 1764 their military control was reaffirmed at Buxar. The subsequent treaty gained them the diwani, that is, taxation rights; the Company thereby became the de facto ruler of Bengal.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "History of Bangladesh",
"paragraph_text": "Following the decline of the Mughal Empire in the early 1700s, Bengal became a semi-independent state under the Nawabs of Bengal, before it was conquered by the British East India Company at the Battle of Plassey in 1757, directly contributing to the Industrial Revolution in Britain and to deindustrialization and famines in Bengal. The Bengali city of Calcutta served as the capital city of British India up until the early 20th century.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Child labour",
"paragraph_text": "On 23 June 1757, the English East India Company defeated Siraj-ud-Daula, the Nawab of Bengal, in the Battle of Plassey. The British thus became masters of east India (Bengal, Bihar, Orissa) – a prosperous region with a flourishing agriculture, industry and trade. This led to a large amount of children being forced into labour due to the increasing need of cheap labour to produce large numbers of goods. Many multinationals often employed children because that they can be recruited for less pay, and have more endurance to utilise in factory environments. Another reason many Indian children were hired was because they lack knowledge of their basic rights, they did not cause trouble or complain, and they were often more trustworthy. The innocence that comes with childhood was utilised to make a profit by many and was encouraged by the need for family income.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "César Alexandre Debelle",
"paragraph_text": "César Alexandre Debelle (Voreppe, Isère, 27 November 1770 – 19 July 1826) was a French general. He was created a baron of the Empire in 1808. He was the cavalry brigade commander at the Battle of Sahagún, where his force was heavily defeated by British hussars under Henry, Lord Paget. His name is inscribed on the north side of the Arc de Triomphe. His brother Jean-François Joseph Debelle was also a general.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "France–Vietnam relations",
"paragraph_text": "French -- Vietnamese relations started as early as the 17th century with the mission of the Jesuit father Alexandre de Rhodes. Various traders would visit Vietnam during the 18th century, until the major involvement of French forces under Pigneau de Béhaine from 1787 to 1789 helped establish the Nguyễn Dynasty. France was heavily involved in Vietnam in the 19th century under the pretext of protecting the work of Catholic missionaries in the country. France progressively carved for itself a huge colony, which would form French Indochina in 1887. France continued to rule Vietnam as a colony until France's defeat in the First Indochina War and the proclamation of Vietnam's independence in 1954.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Edward Pelham Brenton",
"paragraph_text": "Captain Edward Pelham Brenton (20 July 1774 – 13 April 1839) was an officer of the British Royal Navy during the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars who military career was relatively quiet, apart from involvement in the capture of Martinique in 1809. Brenton became famous in the aftermath of the war, when he published the \"Naval History of Great Britain from the Year 1783 to 1822\" in 1823. The book was popular, but Brenton was criticised at the time and since for his failure to distinguish between fact and rumour as well as his partisan political leanings. In Brenton's later life, he was heavily involved in charitable enterprises in the poorer areas of London with mixed success.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Battle of Halidon Hill",
"paragraph_text": "The Battle of Halidon Hill (19 July 1333) was fought during the Second War of Scottish Independence. Scottish forces under Sir Archibald Douglas were heavily defeated by the English forces of King Edward III of England on unfavourable terrain while trying to relieve Berwick-upon-Tweed.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "History of India",
"paragraph_text": "The Nawab of Bengal Siraj Ud Daulah, the de facto ruler of the Bengal province, opposed British attempts to use these permits. This led to the Battle of Plassey on 23 June 1757, in which the Bengal Army of the East India Company, led by Robert Clive, defeated the French-supported Nawab's forces. This was the first real political foothold with territorial implications that the British acquired in India. Clive was appointed by the company as its first 'Governor of Bengal' in 1757. This was combined with British victories over the French at Madras, Wandiwash and Pondichéry that, along with wider British successes during the Seven Years' War, reduced French influence in India. The British East India Company extended its control over the whole of Bengal. After the Battle of Buxar in 1764, the company acquired the rights of administration in Bengal from de jure Mughal Emperor Shah Alam II; this marked the beginning of its formal rule, which within the next century engulfed most of India. The East India Company monopolized the trade of Bengal. They introduced a land taxation system called the Permanent Settlement which introduced a feudal-like structure in Bengal, often with zamindars set in place.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "East India Company",
"paragraph_text": "The company received a Royal Charter from Queen Elizabeth I on 31 December 1600, making it the oldest among several similarly formed European East India Companies. Wealthy merchants and aristocrats owned the company's shares. Initially the government owned no shares and had only indirect control.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Bhopal State",
"paragraph_text": "The state was founded in 1707 CE by Dost Mohammad Khan, an Pashtun soldier in the Mughal army, who became a mercenary after the Emperor Aurangzeb's death and annexed several territories to his fiefdom. It came under the suzerainty of the Nizam of Hyderabad in 1723 shortly after its foundation. In 1737, Marathas defeated the Mughals and the Nawab of Bhopal in the Battle of Bhopal, and started collecting tribute from the state. After the defeat of the Marathas in the Third Anglo - Maratha War, Bhopal became a British princely state in 1818. Bhopal State was the second largest state in pre-independence India, with a Muslim leadership, first being Hyderabad State. The state was merged into the Union of India in 1949 as Bhopal.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
Under whose reign was the British company that was heavily involved in the defeat of the Nawab's forces founded in London?
|
[
{
"id": 27241,
"question": "What British company was heavily involved in the defeat of the Nawab's forces?",
"answer": "East India Company",
"paragraph_support_idx": 17
},
{
"id": 66282,
"question": "#1 founded in london during the reign of",
"answer": "Queen Elizabeth I",
"paragraph_support_idx": 18
}
] |
Queen Elizabeth I
|
[] | true |
2hop__226582_66282
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Cullum Welch",
"paragraph_text": "Lieutenant-Colonel Sir George James Cullum Welch, 1st Baronet, (20 October 1895 - 28 July 1980), commonly known as Sir Cullum Welch, was a British Army officer, businessman, and member of the City of London Corporation, who served as Lord Mayor of London between 1956 and 1957.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Sir Thomas Adams, 6th Baronet",
"paragraph_text": "Sir Thomas Adams, 6th Baronet (bpt. 17 February 1738 – April 1770) was an officer in the Royal Navy who served during the Seven Years' War.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Gregory Foster",
"paragraph_text": "Sir Thomas Gregory Foster (10 June 1866 – 24 September 1931) was the Provost of University College London from 1904–1929, and Vice-Chancellor of the University of London from 1928 to 1930.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Brook Watson",
"paragraph_text": "Sir Brook Watson, 1st Baronet (7 February 1735 – 2 October 1807) was a British merchant, soldier, and later Lord Mayor of London. He is perhaps most famous as the subject of John Singleton Copley's painting \"Watson and the Shark, \"which depicts a shark attack on Watson as a boy that resulted in the loss of his right leg below the knee.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Sir John Morden, 1st Baronet",
"paragraph_text": "Sir John Morden, 1st Baronet (13 August 1623 – 6 September 1708) was a successful English merchant and philanthropist who also served briefly as an MP. He established Morden College in Blackheath, south-east London as a home for retired merchants; as a charity, it continues to provide residential care over 300 years later.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Sir Robert Abercromby, 5th Baronet",
"paragraph_text": "Sir Robert Abercromby, 5th Baronet of Birkenbog and Forglen, FRSE (4 February 1784 – 6 July 1855) was a Scottish politician.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "George Makgill",
"paragraph_text": "Sir George Makgill, 11th Baronet (24 December 1868 in Stirling – 16 October 1926 in London) was a Scottish peer who was also a novelist and right-wing propagandist.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Sir Thomas Twisden, 1st Baronet",
"paragraph_text": "Sir Thomas Twisden, 1st Baronet (2 January 1602 – 2 January 1683) was an English lawyer and politician who sat in the House of Commons of England in two periods between 1646 and 1660. He was a High Court judge who presided at the trial of regicides.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Sir Thomas Metcalfe, 4th Baronet",
"paragraph_text": "Sir Thomas Theophilus Metcalfe, 4th Baronet, KCB (2 January 1795 – 3 November 1853) was an East India Company civil servant and agent of the Governor General of India at the imperial court of the Mughal Emperor Bahadur Shah Zafar.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "East India Company",
"paragraph_text": "The company received a Royal Charter from Queen Elizabeth I on 31 December 1600, making it the oldest among several similarly formed European East India Companies. Wealthy merchants and aristocrats owned the company's shares. Initially the government owned no shares and had only indirect control.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Ernest Troubridge",
"paragraph_text": "Ernest Troubridge was born in Hampstead, London, on 15 July 1862, the third son of Sir Thomas St Vincent Hope Cochrane Troubridge and his wife Louisa Jane (nee Gurney, a niece of Elizabeth Fry, the Quaker and prison reformer). Thomas Troubridge had served in the army during the Crimean War, and had lost his right leg and left foot at the Battle of Inkerman. The family had a particularly strong naval tradition, Ernest's great-grandfather, Sir Thomas Troubridge, 1st Baronet, had fought alongside Nelson at Cape St Vincent, while his grandfather, Sir Edward Troubridge, 2nd Baronet, had also been an admiral. Ernest was also more distantly related to the distinguished admirals Sir Alexander Cochrane and Thomas Cochrane, Lord Cochrane. Ernest Troubridge briefly attended Wellington College before joining the Royal Navy in 1875. He attended the Royal Naval College, at Dartmouth as a naval cadet, and by 1884 had been promoted to lieutenant. During his service with the fleet he was awarded the silver medal of the Royal Humane Society, when in 1888 he saved the life of a young seaman who had fallen overboard in the night while their ship was in Suda Bay, Crete.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Sir Abraham Hume, 2nd Baronet",
"paragraph_text": "Sir Abraham Hume, 2nd Baronet (29 February 1749 – 24 March 1838, in London) was a British floriculturist and Tory politician who sat in the House of Commons between 1774 and 1818.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Samuel Cunard",
"paragraph_text": "Sir Samuel Cunard, 1st Baronet (21 November 1787 – 28 April 1865), was a Canadian shipping magnate, born in Halifax, Nova Scotia, who founded the Cunard Line. He was the son of a master carpenter and timber merchant who had fled the American Revolution and settled in Halifax.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Sir John Pryce, 1st Baronet",
"paragraph_text": "Sir John Pryce, 1st Baronet (c. 1596–c. 1657), sometimes also spelt Price, was an Anglo-Welsh Baronet and Member of Parliament.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "James Boleyn",
"paragraph_text": "Sir James Boleyn was a courtier in the reign of Henry VIII of England and chancellor of the household of his niece, Anne Boleyn, the second wife of Henry VIII and thus the great-uncle of Elizabeth I. James was the son of Sir William Boleyn and his eldest brother was Thomas Boleyn, 1st Earl of Wiltshire.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Lucy Crane",
"paragraph_text": "Crane was born in Liverpool in 1842 as the daughter of the portrait and miniature painter Thomas Crane. Her elder brother Thomas and younger brother Walter both became noted artists. The Crane family moved from Liverpool to Torquay in 1845. Lucy then went to school in London, and in 1859 the family left Torquay for London. From an early age, Crane showed considerable taste and skill in drawing and coloring. Circumstances, however, turned her attention to general educational work and she found employment as a governess. She became an accomplished musician, and was not only distinguished for her delicacy of touch as an executant, but also for the classical refinement of her taste and her knowledge of the earlier Italian and English.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Sir Thomas Butler, 1st Baronet",
"paragraph_text": "Sir Thomas Butler, 1st Baronet (died 1642) was an Irish nobleman, the illegitimate son of Sir Edmund Butler of Cloughgrenan and grandson of James Butler, 9th Earl of Ormond.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Sir Robert Slingsby, 1st Baronet",
"paragraph_text": "Sir Robert Slingsby, 1st Baronet (1611–1661) was an English baronet, author and Naval commander, and in his last years a much-loved colleague of Samuel Pepys.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Thomas Jaffrey",
"paragraph_text": "Sir Thomas Jaffrey, 1st Baronet (11 April 1861 – 23 July 1953) was a Scottish actuary and a prominent citizen of Aberdeen.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Sir George Bowyer, 6th Baronet",
"paragraph_text": "Sir George Bowyer, 6th Baronet and 2nd Baronet, KStJ, GCSG, KCPO (3 March 1783 – 1 July 1860), was a British politician. He sat in the House of Commons in two periods between 1807 and 1818, first as a Tory and then as a Whig.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
During which reign was the employer of Sir Thomas Metcalfe, 4th Baronet founded?
|
[
{
"id": 226582,
"question": "Sir Thomas Metcalfe, 4th Baronet >> employer",
"answer": "East India Company",
"paragraph_support_idx": 8
},
{
"id": 66282,
"question": "#1 founded in london during the reign of",
"answer": "Queen Elizabeth I",
"paragraph_support_idx": 9
}
] |
Queen Elizabeth I
|
[] | true |
2hop__226582_47960
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Sir Matthew Lamb, 1st Baronet",
"paragraph_text": "Sir Matthew Lamb, 1st Baronet (1705 – 6 November 1768) was a British barrister and politician. He was the grandfather of Prime Minister William Lamb, 2nd Viscount Melbourne.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Charles Preston",
"paragraph_text": "Sir Charles Preston, 5th Baronet (\"c.\" 1735 - 23 March 1800) was a British Major who was stationed in Canada during the American Revolutionary War.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Sir Thomas Sclater, 1st Baronet",
"paragraph_text": "Sir Thomas Sclater, 1st Baronet (9 July 1615 – 10 December 1684) was an English academic, landowner and politician who sat in the House of Commons in 1659.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Sir Thomas Adams, 6th Baronet",
"paragraph_text": "Sir Thomas Adams, 6th Baronet (bpt. 17 February 1738 – April 1770) was an officer in the Royal Navy who served during the Seven Years' War.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Metcalfe, Victoria",
"paragraph_text": "Metcalfe is a locality in central Victoria, Australia. At the , Metcalfe had a population of 185. The name 'Metcalfe' probably derives from Baron (Charles) Metcalfe, Governor-General of India and later of Canada, who died in 1846. Metcalfe lies on the Coliban River, downstream from the Malmsbury reservoir.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Thomas Jaffrey",
"paragraph_text": "Sir Thomas Jaffrey, 1st Baronet (11 April 1861 – 23 July 1953) was a Scottish actuary and a prominent citizen of Aberdeen.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Sir Abraham Hume, 2nd Baronet",
"paragraph_text": "Sir Abraham Hume, 2nd Baronet (29 February 1749 – 24 March 1838, in London) was a British floriculturist and Tory politician who sat in the House of Commons between 1774 and 1818.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Edward Beauchamp",
"paragraph_text": "Sir Edward Beauchamp, 1st Baronet JP(12 April 1849 – 1 February 1925) was a British businessman and Liberal Party politician.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Sir Thomas Metcalfe, 4th Baronet",
"paragraph_text": "Sir Thomas Theophilus Metcalfe, 4th Baronet, KCB (2 January 1795 – 3 November 1853) was an East India Company civil servant and agent of the Governor General of India at the imperial court of the Mughal Emperor Bahadur Shah Zafar.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Sir Thomas Twisden, 1st Baronet",
"paragraph_text": "Sir Thomas Twisden, 1st Baronet (2 January 1602 – 2 January 1683) was an English lawyer and politician who sat in the House of Commons of England in two periods between 1646 and 1660. He was a High Court judge who presided at the trial of regicides.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "George Amyand",
"paragraph_text": "Sir George Amyand, 1st Baronet (26 September 1720 – 16 August 1766) was a British Whig politician, physician and merchant.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "East India Company",
"paragraph_text": "By 1803, at the height of its rule in India, the British East India company had a private army of about 260,000 -- twice the size of the British Army, with Indian revenues of £13,464,561, and expenses of £14,017,473. The company eventually came to rule large areas of India with its private armies, exercising military power and assuming administrative functions. Company rule in India effectively began in 1757 and lasted until 1858, when, following the Indian Rebellion of 1857, the Government of India Act 1858 led to the British Crown's assuming direct control of the Indian subcontinent in the form of the new British Raj.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Cullum Welch",
"paragraph_text": "Lieutenant-Colonel Sir George James Cullum Welch, 1st Baronet, (20 October 1895 - 28 July 1980), commonly known as Sir Cullum Welch, was a British Army officer, businessman, and member of the City of London Corporation, who served as Lord Mayor of London between 1956 and 1957.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Bernard Oppenheimer",
"paragraph_text": "Sir Bernard Oppenheimer, 1st Baronet (13 February 1866 – 13 June 1921) was a South African-British diamond merchant and philanthropist.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Sir Thomas Butler, 1st Baronet",
"paragraph_text": "Sir Thomas Butler, 1st Baronet (died 1642) was an Irish nobleman, the illegitimate son of Sir Edmund Butler of Cloughgrenan and grandson of James Butler, 9th Earl of Ormond.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Sir Robert Pigot, 6th Baronet",
"paragraph_text": "Sir Robert Pigot, 6th Baronet DSO MC (3 May 1882 – 27 December 1977) was a British Army and later Royal Air Force officer who served in both world wars",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Sir George Bowyer, 6th Baronet",
"paragraph_text": "Sir George Bowyer, 6th Baronet and 2nd Baronet, KStJ, GCSG, KCPO (3 March 1783 – 1 July 1860), was a British politician. He sat in the House of Commons in two periods between 1807 and 1818, first as a Tory and then as a Whig.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Sir Alexander Don, 5th Baronet",
"paragraph_text": "Colonel Sir Alexander Don, 5th Baronet of Newton Don (died 1815) was a Scottish soldier who served as a British Army officer during the French Revolutionary Wars.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Sir William Mackinnon, 1st Baronet",
"paragraph_text": "Sir William Mackinnon, 1st Baronet (13 March 1823 – 22 June 1893) was a Scottish ship-owner and businessman who built up substantial commercial interests in India and East Africa. He established the British-India Steam Navigation Company and the Imperial British East Africa Company.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Malcolm Bullock",
"paragraph_text": "Captain Sir Harold Malcolm Bullock, 1st Baronet MBE (10 July 1889 – 20 June 1966) was a British soldier and Conservative Party politician.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
when did the employer of Sir Thomas Metcalfe, 4th Baronet take over India?
|
[
{
"id": 226582,
"question": "Sir Thomas Metcalfe, 4th Baronet >> employer",
"answer": "East India Company",
"paragraph_support_idx": 8
},
{
"id": 47960,
"question": "when did the british #1 take over india",
"answer": "1757",
"paragraph_support_idx": 11
}
] |
1757
|
[] | true |
2hop__693241_121919
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Too Late for Tears",
"paragraph_text": "Too Late for Tears is a 1949 film noir crime film directed by Byron Haskin and starring Lizabeth Scott, Don DeFore, Dan Duryea, and Arthur Kennedy. It tells the story of a ruthless femme-fatale who steals a suitcase containing US$60,000 (). The screenplay was written by Roy Huggins, developed from a serial he wrote for the \"Saturday Evening Post\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "2012 Australian Open – Boys' Singles",
"paragraph_text": "The start of the 2012 Australian Open saw all the seeds apart from Monteiro, Cagnina and Farren made it to the second round. The biggest upset of the first round was Brazilian Thiago Monteiro losing to Australian wild card Jack Schipanski. Julien Cagnina lost to French Mathias Bourgue and American Connor Farren went to French Laurent Lokoli. The second round witnessed all the seeds go through except Broady lost to Robin Staněk, Napolitano to Joshua Ward-Hibbert and Kyrgios to Marek Routa. The third round is also where the seeds meet for the first time. Kimmer Coppejans and Hossam exited to higher seeds. Seventh seeded Edmund defeated eleventh seeded Coppejans and No. 1 seeded Saville defeated sixteenth seeded Hossam. The biggest upset of the third round was tenth seeded Pavlásek defeating fifth seeded Silva and sixth seeded Harris losing to American qualifier Mackenzie McDonald. Milojevic lost to Joshua Ward-Hibbert and Pöllänen to Staněk. The quarter finals saw Saville end Edmund's run and Pavlásek end Uchida's run successfully making their way into the semifinals. The semifinals witnessed Saville taking out Pavlásek while Filip Peliwo overcame McDonald. In the final, Luke Saville defeated Filip Peliwo to claim his first Junior Boys' Singles Australian Open title and second grand slam title of his career.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Snapshot of a Crime",
"paragraph_text": "Snapshot of a Crime () is a 1975 Italian giallo film written and directed by Mario Imperoli (here credited as Arthur Saxon).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "The Final Adventures of Solar Pons",
"paragraph_text": "The Final Adventures of Solar Pons is a collection of detective science fiction short stories by author August Derleth. It was released in 1998 by Mycroft & Moran. It was a collection of Derleth's Solar Pons stories which are pastiches of the Sherlock Holmes tales of Arthur Conan Doyle.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "The House of the Worm",
"paragraph_text": "The House of the Worm is a collection of stories by American writer Gary Myers. It was published in 1975 by Arkham House in an edition of 4,144 copies and was the author's first book. The book is a stylistic pastiche of H. P. Lovecraft and Lord Dunsany, and may be seen as an expansion of Lovecraft's Dream Cycle. While presented as a novel of the Cthulhu Mythos, it is, in fact, a collection of linked stories.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Arthur Ellis Awards",
"paragraph_text": "The Arthur Ellis Awards are a group of Canadian literary awards, presented annually by the Crime Writers of Canada for the best Canadian crime and mystery writing published in the previous year. The award is presented at a gala dinner in the year following publication.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Invisible!",
"paragraph_text": "Invisible is a children's novel by the Carnegie Medal-winning author, Robert Swindells, about two twins, Carrie and Conrad, who learn how to become invisible when they befriend Rosie, the new girl at school. When Rosie's dad becomes a suspect in a local crime, the gang decide to go invisible to find the real crooks. They realise something is going to happen and must put an end to it.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Oscar Wilde",
"paragraph_text": "Oscar Wilde was born at 21 Westland Row, Dublin (now home of the Oscar Wilde Centre, Trinity College), the second of three children born to Sir William Wilde and Jane Wilde, two years behind William (\"Willie\"). Wilde's mother had distant Italian ancestry, and under the pseudonym \"\"Speranza\"\" (the Italian word for 'hope'), wrote poetry for the revolutionary Young Irelanders in 1848; she was a lifelong Irish nationalist. She read the Young Irelanders' poetry to Oscar and Willie, inculcating a love of these poets in her sons. Lady Wilde's interest in the neo-classical revival showed in the paintings and busts of ancient Greece and Rome in her home.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "The Godfather (novel)",
"paragraph_text": "The Godfather is a crime novel written by Italian American author Mario Puzo. Originally published in 1969 by G.P. Putnam's Sons, the novel details the story of a fictional Mafia family based in New York City (and Long Beach, New York), headed by Vito Corleone. The novel covers the years 1945 to 1955, and also provides the back story of Vito Corleone from early childhood to adulthood.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Bandido (2004 film)",
"paragraph_text": "Bandido (\"Bandit\") is a 2004 action film written by Scott Duncan and Carlos Gallardo and directed by Roger Christian. The story revolves around the CIA framing skilled thief Max Cruz aka \"Bandido\" (Gallardo) in order to gain his cooperation in helping them recover intelligence data that was stolen by Beno Gildemontes (Kim Coates), a Mexican Crime lord.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "The House of Intrigue",
"paragraph_text": "The House of Intrigue is a 1919 American crime drama film directed by Lloyd Ingraham. It was produced by Haworth Pictures Corporation and based on a novel written by Arthur Stringer.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Arthur Chichester, 1st Baron Templemore",
"paragraph_text": "Chichester was born in Westminster, London, the eldest son of Lord Spencer Chichester, third son of Arthur Chichester, 1st Marquess of Donegall. His mother was Lady Anne Harriet Stewart, daughter of John Stewart, 7th Earl of Galloway. He was educated in England, matriculating at Brasenose College, Oxford in 1815, and entered the British Army, serving with the 2nd Life Guards and eventually attaining the rank of Lieutenant Colonel in 1827.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Tim Davie",
"paragraph_text": "Timothy Douglas Davie (born 25 April 1967) is the Chief Executive Officer of BBC Studios (formerly known as BBC Worldwide) who served as acting Director-General of the BBC following George Entwistle's resignation in November 2012 until Lord Hall took over the role permanently in April 2013. During his time as acting director-general he oversaw the investigations into BBC management and conduct following revelations the broadcaster had known about sexual abuse by Sir Jimmy Savile and then made false accusations against Lord McAlpine.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "The Phantom",
"paragraph_text": "After the success of Mandrake the Magician, King Features Syndicate asked Falk to develop a new feature. His first effort was to write and draw a strip about King Arthur and his knights. When King Features rejected the strip Falk developed the Phantom, a mysterious, costumed crime-fighter. He planned the first few months of the story, and drew the first two weeks as a sample.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Lord Arthur Savile's Crime and Other Stories",
"paragraph_text": "Lord Arthur Savile's Crime and Other Stories is a collection of short semi-comic mystery stories that were written by Oscar Wilde and published in 1891. It includes:",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Baby Face Morgan",
"paragraph_text": "Baby Face Morgan is a 1942 American comedy of errors crime film directed by Arthur Dreifuss. It starred Mary Carlisle and Richard Cromwell.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Murder at 3am",
"paragraph_text": "Murder at 3 a.m. is a 1953 British crime film directed by Francis Searle and starring Dennis Price, Peggy Evans and Philip Saville. The screenplay of this \"quota quickie\" involves a Scotland Yard detective who investigates a series of attacks on women.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Incident at Midnight",
"paragraph_text": "Incident at Midnight is a 1963 British crime film directed by Norman Harrison and starring Anton Diffring, William Sylvester and Justine Lord. It was made at Merton Park Studios as part of the long-running series of Edgar Wallace adaptations; this being adapted from one of Wallace's short stories.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Arthur Stanley Ramsey",
"paragraph_text": "Arthur Stanley Ramsey (9 September 1867 – 31 December 1954) was a British mathematician and author of mathematics and physics textbooks. He was Fellow of Magdalene College, Cambridge, and its President from 1915–52.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "I, the Jury (1953 film)",
"paragraph_text": "I, the Jury is a 1953 American film noir crime film based on the novel \"I, the Jury\" by Mickey Spillane. It was directed by Harry Essex, produced by Victor Saville's company, Parklane Pictures and released through United Artists.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
What college did the author of Lord Arthur Savile's Crime and Other Stories attend?
|
[
{
"id": 693241,
"question": "Lord Arthur Savile's Crime and Other Stories >> author",
"answer": "Oscar Wilde",
"paragraph_support_idx": 14
},
{
"id": 121919,
"question": "What college did #1 go to?",
"answer": "Trinity College",
"paragraph_support_idx": 7
}
] |
Trinity College
|
[] | true |
2hop__687788_14904
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "The Musical Quarterly",
"paragraph_text": "Since 1993 \"The Musical Quarterly\" has been edited by Leon Botstein, president of Bard College and principal conductor of the American Symphony Orchestra. It is published by Oxford University Press.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Cognitive therapy",
"paragraph_text": "Cognitive therapy (CT) is a type of psychotherapy developed by American psychiatrist Aaron T. Beck. CT is one of the therapeutic approaches within the larger group of cognitive behavioral therapies (CBT) and was first expounded by Beck in the 1960s. Cognitive therapy is based on the cognitive model, which states that thoughts, feelings and behavior are all connected, and that individuals can move toward overcoming difficulties and meeting their goals by identifying and changing unhelpful or inaccurate thinking, problematic behavior, and distressing emotional responses. This involves the individual working collaboratively with the therapist to develop skills for testing and modifying beliefs, identifying distorted thinking, relating to others in different ways, and changing behaviors. A tailored cognitive case conceptualization is developed by the cognitive therapist as a roadmap to understand the individual's internal reality, select appropriate interventions and identify areas of distress.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Journal of Psychotherapy Integration",
"paragraph_text": "The Journal of Psychotherapy Integration is a peer-reviewed academic journal published by the American Psychological Association on behalf of the Society for the Exploration of Psychotherapy Integration. It was established in 1991 and covers research in psychotherapy. The editor-in-chief is Jennifer Callahan (University of North Texas).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Logotherapy",
"paragraph_text": "Logotherapy was developed by neurologist and psychiatrist Viktor Frankl, on a concept based on the premise that the primary motivational force of an individual is to find a meaning in life. It is considered the \"Third Viennese School of Psychotherapy\" along with Freud's psychoanalysis and Adler's individual psychology.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Paul Fournel",
"paragraph_text": "Paul Fournel (born 20 May 1947 in Saint-Étienne) is a French writer, poet, publisher, and cultural ambassador. He was educated at the École normale supérieure of Saint-Cloud (1968–1972). Fournel wrote his master's thesis on Raymond Queneau and published the first book-length study of the Oulipo, \"Clefs pour la littérature potentielle\" (\"Keys to potential literature\"). He joined the Oulipo, first as \"slave,\" then (in 1972) as full member, and he currently serves both as the Provisionally Definitive Secretary and the President of that group. He is also a regent of the College of 'Pataphysics.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Clotel",
"paragraph_text": "Clotel; or, The President's Daughter: A Narrative of Slave Life in the United States is an 1853 novel by United States author and playwright William Wells Brown about Clotel and her sister, fictional slave daughters of Thomas Jefferson. Brown, who escaped from slavery in 1834 at the age of 20, published the book in London. He was staying after a lecture tour to evade possible recapture due to the 1850 Fugitive Slave Act. Set in the early nineteenth century, it is considered the first novel published by an African American and is set in the United States. Three additional versions were published through 1867.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Humberto Ortega",
"paragraph_text": "General Humberto Ortega Saavedra (born January 10, 1947 in Managua) is a Nicaraguan military leader, often self-called leading Latin American revolutionary strategist, and published writer. He was Minister of Defense between the victory of the Sandinista revolution in 1979 under the National Reconstruction Government, through the first presidency of his brother Daniel Ortega Saavedra, and through the presidency of Violeta Barrios de Chamorro who defeated Daniel Ortega in the elections of 1990.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Person-centered therapy",
"paragraph_text": "Person - centered therapy, also known as person - centered psychotherapy, person - centered counseling, client - centered therapy and Rogerian psychotherapy, is a form of psychotherapy developed by psychologist Carl Rogers beginning in the 1940s and extending into the 1980s. Person - centered therapy seeks to facilitate a client's self - actualizing tendency, ``an inbuilt proclivity toward growth and fulfillment '', via acceptance (unconditional positive regard), therapist congruence (genuineness), and empathic understanding.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Margaret Langrick",
"paragraph_text": "Margaret Langrick (born 1971) is a Canadian writer and retired actress. She is now known as Maggie Langrick and is the President and Publisher of LifeTree Media Ltd.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "So You Want to Be President?",
"paragraph_text": "So You Want to Be President? is a children's picture book written by Judith St. George and illustrated by David Small. Published in 2000, the book features a comprehensive guide to the Presidents of the United States. The book includes information about the education, family, and prior occupations of Presidents, as well as facts about their Vice Presidents. David Small won the 2001 Caldecott Medal for his illustrations.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Samuel B. Fuller",
"paragraph_text": "S. B. Fuller (June 4, 1905 – October 24, 1988) was an American entrepreneur. He was founder and president of the Fuller Products Company, publisher of the New York Age and Pittsburgh Courier, head of the South Side Chicago NAACP, president of the National Negro Business League, and a prominent black Republican.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Fire and Fury",
"paragraph_text": "Fire and Fury: Inside the Trump White House First edition cover Author Michael Wolff Country United States Language English Subject Presidency of Donald Trump Published January 5, 2018 Publisher Henry Holt and Company Media type Print, e-book, audiobook Pages 336 ISBN 978 - 1 - 250 - 15806 - 2 (Hardcover)",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Psychotherapy (journal)",
"paragraph_text": "Psychotherapy is a peer-reviewed academic journal published by the American Psychological Association on behalf of APA Division 29. The journal was established in 1963 and covers research in psychotherapy. The current editor-in-chief is Mark Hilsenroth (Adelphi University).",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "L'Express",
"paragraph_text": "\"L'Express\" was co-founded in 1953 by Jean-Jacques Servan-Schreiber, future president of the Radical Party, and Françoise Giroud, who had earlier edited \"ELLE\" and went on to become France's first minister of women's affairs in 1974 and minister of culture in 1976. When founded during the First Indochina War, it was modelled on the US magazine \"Time\" and the German magazine \"Der Spiegel\". \"L'Express\" is published weekly.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Adam Niswander",
"paragraph_text": "Adam Niswander (February 2, 1946 – August 12, 2012) was an American short story writer and novelist. He was a president of the Central Arizona Speculative Fiction Society and a member of the Horror Writers Association and the Science Fiction and Fantasy Writers of America. His first novel, \"The Charm\", which is the first book of his \"Shaman Cycle\" was published by Integra Press in 1993. He died on 12 August 2012.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "First hundred days",
"paragraph_text": "The first hundred days of a first - term presidency of a President of the United States are sometimes used to measure the successes and accomplishments of a president during the time that the president's power and influence are at their greatest. The term was coined in a July 24, 1933, radio address by U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt, although he was referring to the 100 - day session of the 73rd United States Congress between March 9 and June 17, rather than the first 100 days of his administration.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "O Captain! My Captain!",
"paragraph_text": "``O Captain! My Captain! ''is an extended metaphor poem written in 1865 by Walt Whitman, about the death of American president Abraham Lincoln. The poem was first published in the pamphlet Sequel to Drum - Taps which assembled 18 poems regarding the American Civil War, including another Lincoln elegy,`` When Lilacs Last in the Dooryard Bloom'd''. It was included in Whitman's comprehensive collection Leaves of Grass beginning with its fourth edition published in 1867. The poem emphasizes or shows grief and sorrow.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Les Greenberg",
"paragraph_text": "Les Greenberg (Leslie Samuel Greenberg) (born 30 September 1945) is a Canadian psychologist born in Johannesburg, South Africa, and is one of the originators and primary developers of Emotion-Focused Therapy for individuals and couples. He is a professor emeritus of psychology at York University in Toronto, and also director of the Emotion-Focused Therapy Clinic in Toronto. His research has addressed questions regarding empathy, psychotherapy process, the therapeutic alliance, and emotion in human functioning.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "My Winnipeg",
"paragraph_text": "My Winnipeg is a 2007 film directed and written by Guy Maddin with dialogue by George Toles. Described by Maddin as a \"docu-fantasia\", that melds \"personal history, civic tragedy, and mystical hypothesizing\", the film is a surrealist mockumentary about Winnipeg, Maddin's home town. A \"New York Times\" article described the film's unconventional take on the documentary style by noting that it \"skates along an icy edge between dreams and lucidity, fact and fiction, cinema and psychotherapy\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Adolescence",
"paragraph_text": "The formal study of adolescent psychology began with the publication of G. Stanley Hall's \"Adolescence in 1904.\" Hall, who was the first president of the American Psychological Association, viewed adolescence primarily as a time of internal turmoil and upheaval (sturm und drang). This understanding of youth was based on two then new ways of understanding human behavior: Darwin's evolutionary theory and Freud's psychodynamic theory. He believed that adolescence was a representation of our human ancestors' phylogenetic shift from being primitive to being civilized. Hall's assertions stood relatively uncontested until the 1950s when psychologists such as Erik Erikson and Anna Freud started to formulate their theories about adolescence. Freud believed that the psychological disturbances associated with youth were biologically based and culturally universal while Erikson focused on the dichotomy between identity formation and role fulfillment. Even with their different theories, these three psychologists agreed that adolescence was inherently a time of disturbance and psychological confusion. The less turbulent aspects of adolescence, such as peer relations and cultural influence, were left largely ignored until the 1980s. From the '50s until the '80s, the focus of the field was mainly on describing patterns of behavior as opposed to explaining them.",
"is_supporting": true
}
] |
Who was the first president of the organization that published the journal Psychotherapy?
|
[
{
"id": 687788,
"question": "Psychotherapy >> publisher",
"answer": "American Psychological Association",
"paragraph_support_idx": 12
},
{
"id": 14904,
"question": "Who was the first president of #1 ?",
"answer": "G. Stanley Hall",
"paragraph_support_idx": 19
}
] |
G. Stanley Hall
|
[
"Stanley Hall"
] | true |
2hop__262172_14904
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Dream Chamber",
"paragraph_text": "Dream Chamber is a point-and-click adventure game, in the third person, for iPhone, iPad, Microsoft Windows, Mac, Android, developed by DarkWave Games and published by Anuman under their Microïds brand. The first episode, developed with Unity, was released worldwide via digital channels on 24 October 2013.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Never Dream of Dying",
"paragraph_text": "Never Dream of Dying, first published in 2001, was the seventh novel by Raymond Benson featuring Ian Fleming's secret agent, James Bond (including film novelizations). Carrying the Ian Fleming Publications copyright, it was first published in the United Kingdom by Hodder & Stoughton and in the United States by Putnam.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Pesterminator: The Western Exterminator",
"paragraph_text": "Pesterminator: The Western Exterminator is a side-scrolling, platform advergame developed by Color Dreams for the Nintendo Entertainment System, in cooperation with the Western Exterminator Company (a privately owned pest control company headquartered in Anaheim, California). Color Dreams published the game in 1990.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "If I Can Dream",
"paragraph_text": "``If I Can Dream ''is a song made famous by Elvis Presley, written by Walter Earl Brown and notable for its direct quotations of Martin Luther King, Jr. The song was published by Elvis Presley's music publishing company Gladys Music, Inc. It was recorded by Presley in June 1968, two months after King's assassination. The recording was first released to the public as the finale of Presley's' 68 Comeback Special.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "The Story of an Hour",
"paragraph_text": "``The Story of an Hour, ''is a short story written by Kate Chopin on April 19, 1894. It was originally published in Vogue on December 6, 1894, as`` The Dream of an Hour''. Later it was reprinted in St. Louis Life on January 5, 1895, as ``The Story of an Hour ''.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "If I Can Dream",
"paragraph_text": "\"If I Can Dream\" is a song made famous by Elvis Presley, written by Walter Earl Brown and notable for its direct quotations of Martin Luther King, Jr. The song was published by Elvis Presley's music publishing company Gladys Music, Inc. It was recorded by Presley in June 1968, two months after King's assassination. The recording was first released to the public as the finale of Presley's '68 Comeback Special.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Impossible Dreams",
"paragraph_text": "\"Impossible Dreams\" is a science fiction short story written in 2006 by Tim Pratt. It was first published in \"Asimov's Science Fiction\" in 2006, and subsequently republished in Pratt's 2007 collection \"Hart & Boot & Other Stories\", and in the 2012 anthology \"Other Worlds Than These\"",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Kakuto Chojin: Back Alley Brutal",
"paragraph_text": "Kakuto Chojin: Back Alley Brutal (Kakuto Chojin for short), known in Japan as , is a fighting game for the Xbox gaming console published in 2002 by Microsoft Game Studios. The game was the sole product of developer Dream Publishing, a studio created from members of Dream Factory and Microsoft. It was originally created as a tech demo to show off the graphic capabilities of the Xbox, before the decision was made to turn it into a full game. A few months after its release, \"Kakuto Chojin\" was pulled from distribution amidst controversy surrounding the religious content featured in the game.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Blood of Dreams",
"paragraph_text": "\"Blood of Dreams\" was first published in Australia in 2007 by Penguin Books under their Viking Press imprint in trade paperback format. In June 2008 it was republished in mass market paperback format. \"Blood of Dreams\" won the 2007 Aurealis Award for best horror novel and was a short-list nominee for the 2008 Arthur Ellis Award for best first novel but lost to \"Garcia's Heart\" by Liam Durcan.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "The Dream of a Lifetime",
"paragraph_text": "The Dream of a Lifetime is a 2002 Donald Duck comic by Don Rosa. The story was first published in the Danish \"Anders And & Co.\" #2002-49; the first American publication was in \"Uncle Scrooge\" #329, in May 2004.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Oberon (poem)",
"paragraph_text": "Oberon is an epic poem by the German writer Christoph Martin Wieland. It was based on the epic romance \"Huon de Bordeaux\", a French medieval tale, and influenced by Shakespeare's \"A Midsummer Night's Dream\" and Alexander Pope's version of Geoffrey Chaucer's \"The Merchant's Tale\". It first appeared in 1780 and went through seven rewrites before its final form was published in 1796.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Dreams of My Russian Summers",
"paragraph_text": "Dreams of My Russian Summers (French: \"Le Testament français\") is a French novel by Andrei Makine, originally published in 1995. It won two top French awards, the Prix Goncourt and the Prix Médicis. The novel is told from the first-person perspective and tells the fictional story of a boy's memories and experiences with his French grandmother in the Soviet Union in the 1960s and '70s.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Dream Weaver",
"paragraph_text": "``Dream Weaver ''is a song by the American singer Gary Wright, released as the first single from his third studio album The Dream Weaver (1975) in December 1975. The song became a hit in the US: # 2 on the Billboard chart and # 1 on Cashbox in 1976.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Mare Desiderii",
"paragraph_text": "Mare Desiderii (\"Sea of Dreams\") was an area of the Moon named after Luna 3 returned the first pictures of the far side. This name is derived from the Russian \"Море Мечты\", Mechta (\"Dream\") being the original name for the Luna 1 spacecraft.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Sh-Boom",
"paragraph_text": "``Sh - Boom ''(sometimes referred to as`` Life Could Be a Dream'') is an early doo - wop song. It was written by James Keyes, Claude Feaster, Carl Feaster, Floyd F. McRae, and James Edwards, members of the R&B vocal group the Chords and published in 1954. It was a U.S. top ten hit that year for both the Chords (who first recorded the song) and the Crew - Cuts.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "The Son of the Sun",
"paragraph_text": "\"The Son of the Sun\" is the first Scrooge McDuck comic by Don Rosa, first published in \"Uncle Scrooge\" #219 in July 1987. It is a well-known comic book story that features Disney's Scrooge McDuck, Donald Duck, and Huey, Dewey, and Louie, most notable for establishing Don Rosa as a major talent in the Disney comic book industry, as well as fulfilling Rosa's childhood dream of becoming a writer and illustrator of stories featuring Scrooge McDuck.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "The House of the Worm",
"paragraph_text": "The House of the Worm is a collection of stories by American writer Gary Myers. It was published in 1975 by Arkham House in an edition of 4,144 copies and was the author's first book. The book is a stylistic pastiche of H. P. Lovecraft and Lord Dunsany, and may be seen as an expansion of Lovecraft's Dream Cycle. While presented as a novel of the Cthulhu Mythos, it is, in fact, a collection of linked stories.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Dream Babies Go Hollywood",
"paragraph_text": "Dream Babies Go Hollywood is a studio album released in 1980 by folk musician John Stewart, former member of the Kingston Trio. This was Stewart's first studio album since \"Bombs Away Dream Babies\", his biggest commercial success as a solo musician.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Adolescence",
"paragraph_text": "The formal study of adolescent psychology began with the publication of G. Stanley Hall's \"Adolescence in 1904.\" Hall, who was the first president of the American Psychological Association, viewed adolescence primarily as a time of internal turmoil and upheaval (sturm und drang). This understanding of youth was based on two then new ways of understanding human behavior: Darwin's evolutionary theory and Freud's psychodynamic theory. He believed that adolescence was a representation of our human ancestors' phylogenetic shift from being primitive to being civilized. Hall's assertions stood relatively uncontested until the 1950s when psychologists such as Erik Erikson and Anna Freud started to formulate their theories about adolescence. Freud believed that the psychological disturbances associated with youth were biologically based and culturally universal while Erikson focused on the dichotomy between identity formation and role fulfillment. Even with their different theories, these three psychologists agreed that adolescence was inherently a time of disturbance and psychological confusion. The less turbulent aspects of adolescence, such as peer relations and cultural influence, were left largely ignored until the 1980s. From the '50s until the '80s, the focus of the field was mainly on describing patterns of behavior as opposed to explaining them.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Dreaming (journal)",
"paragraph_text": "Dreaming is a peer-reviewed academic journal published by the American Psychological Association on behalf of the International Association for the Study of Dreams. The journal covers research on dreaming, as well as on dreaming from the viewpoint of any of the arts and humanities. The current editor-in-chief is Deirdre Barrett (Harvard Medical School).",
"is_supporting": true
}
] |
Who was the first president of the publisher of Dreaming?
|
[
{
"id": 262172,
"question": "Dreaming >> publisher",
"answer": "American Psychological Association",
"paragraph_support_idx": 19
},
{
"id": 14904,
"question": "Who was the first president of #1 ?",
"answer": "G. Stanley Hall",
"paragraph_support_idx": 18
}
] |
G. Stanley Hall
|
[
"Stanley Hall"
] | true |
2hop__151235_14904
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "The Blunderer",
"paragraph_text": "The Blunderer is a psychological thriller by Patricia Highsmith, first published in 1954 by Coward-McCann. It was third of her 22 novels, the second published under her own name.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "The Farm (Smith novel)",
"paragraph_text": "The Farm (2014) is a psychological thriller novel by Tom Rob Smith. Set in London and Sweden, it is Smith's fourth published work and his first standalone novel.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Journal of Psychohistory",
"paragraph_text": "The Journal of Psychohistory is a journal in the field of psychohistory, edited by Lloyd deMause and published by the Institute for Psychohistory. It aims to provide \"a new psychological view of world events — past and present\". The journal is published quarterly and contains subjects such as childhood and the family (especially child abuse), psychobiography with extensive childhood material, political psychology and psychological studies of anthropology.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science",
"paragraph_text": "The Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal published by the American Psychological Association on behalf of the Canadian Psychological Association. The editor-in-chief is Allison J. Ouimet (University of Ottawa). The journal was established in 1969 and covers all aspects of psychology.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Michael Kimmel",
"paragraph_text": "Michael Scott Kimmel (born February 26, 1951) is an American sociologist specializing in gender studies. He holds the position of Distinguished Professor of Sociology at Stony Brook University in New York and is the founder and editor of the academic journal \"Men and Masculinities\". Kimmel is a spokesperson of the National Organization for Men Against Sexism (NOMAS) and a longtime feminist. In 2013, he founded the Center for the Study of Men and Masculinities at Stony Brook University, where he is Executive Director.. In 2018 he was publicly accused of sexual harassment by professor Bethany Coston.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Asian American Journal of Psychology",
"paragraph_text": "The Asian American Journal of Psychology is a peer-reviewed academic journal published by the American Psychological Association on behalf of the Asian American Psychological Association. The journal \"is dedicated to research, practice, advocacy, education, and policy within Asian American psychology.\" The editor-in-chief is Bryan S. K. Kim (University of Hawaii at Hilo).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Next Men",
"paragraph_text": "John Byrne's Next Men (also known as Next Men or JBNM) is an American comic book series written and drawn by John Byrne. The first volume of the series was published by Dark Horse Comics between 1991 and 1995. A nine–issue miniseries was published by IDW Publishing in 2010 and 2011, followed by another series titled \"Next Men: Aftermath\" in 2012.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Journal of Family Psychology",
"paragraph_text": "The Journal of Family Psychology is a peer-reviewed academic journal published by the American Psychological Association. It was established in 1987 and covers research in family psychology. The current editor-in-chief is Barbara H. Fiese.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "The Disowned Self",
"paragraph_text": "The Disowned Self is a book written by Nathaniel Branden in 1971 and published in 1972. It was Branden's third book in the area of psychology (preceded by \"The Psychology of Self-Esteem\" and \"Breaking Free\").",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Adolescence",
"paragraph_text": "The formal study of adolescent psychology began with the publication of G. Stanley Hall's \"Adolescence in 1904.\" Hall, who was the first president of the American Psychological Association, viewed adolescence primarily as a time of internal turmoil and upheaval (sturm und drang). This understanding of youth was based on two then new ways of understanding human behavior: Darwin's evolutionary theory and Freud's psychodynamic theory. He believed that adolescence was a representation of our human ancestors' phylogenetic shift from being primitive to being civilized. Hall's assertions stood relatively uncontested until the 1950s when psychologists such as Erik Erikson and Anna Freud started to formulate their theories about adolescence. Freud believed that the psychological disturbances associated with youth were biologically based and culturally universal while Erikson focused on the dichotomy between identity formation and role fulfillment. Even with their different theories, these three psychologists agreed that adolescence was inherently a time of disturbance and psychological confusion. The less turbulent aspects of adolescence, such as peer relations and cultural influence, were left largely ignored until the 1980s. From the '50s until the '80s, the focus of the field was mainly on describing patterns of behavior as opposed to explaining them.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Wilhelm Wundt",
"paragraph_text": "Wilhelm Maximilian Wundt (German: (vʊnt); 16 August 1832 -- 31 August 1920) was a German physician, physiologist, philosopher, and professor, known today as one of the founding figures of modern psychology. Wundt, who noted psychology as a science apart from philosophy and biology, was the first person ever to call himself a psychologist. He is widely regarded as the ``father of experimental psychology ''. In 1879, Wundt founded the first formal laboratory for psychological research at the University of Leipzig. This marked psychology as an independent field of study. By creating this laboratory he was able to establish psychology as a separate science from other topics. He also formed the first academic journal for psychological research, Philosophische Studien (from 1881 to 1902), set up to publish the Institute's research.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Journal of Neuroscience, Psychology, and Economics",
"paragraph_text": "The Journal of Neuroscience, Psychology, and Economics is a peer-reviewed academic journal published by the American Psychological Association. It publishes original research dealing with the application of psychological theories and/or neuroscientific methods to business and economics and, therefore, is at the core of research in neuroeconomics, decision neuroscience, and consumer neuroscience. It is currently edited by Samuel M. McClure (Arizona State University).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Psychology of Men and Masculinity",
"paragraph_text": "Psychology of Men and Masculinity is a peer-reviewed academic journal published by the American Psychological Association on behalf of Division 51. The journal was established in 2000 and covers research on \"how boys' and men's psychology is influenced and shaped by both gender and sex, and encompasses the study of the social construction of gender, sex differences and similarities, and biological processes.\" The current editor-in-chief is William Ming Liu.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology",
"paragraph_text": "Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal published by the American Psychological Association on behalf of the Canadian Psychological Association in collaboration with the Canadian Society for Brain, Behaviour, and Cognitive Science. It was established in 1947 and covers experimental psychology. Articles are published in English or French. The editor-in-chief is Randall K. Jamieson (University of Manitoba).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "History of psychology",
"paragraph_text": "In 1879 Charles Sanders Peirce was hired as a philosophy instructor at Johns Hopkins University. Although better known for his astronomical and philosophical work, Peirce also conducted what are perhaps the first American psychology experiments, on the subject of color vision, published in 1877 in the American Journal of Science (see Cadwallader, 1974). Peirce and his student Joseph Jastrow published ``On Small Differences in Sensation ''in the Memoirs of the National Academy of Sciences, in 1884. In 1882, Peirce was joined at Johns Hopkins by G. Stanley Hall, who opened the first American research laboratory devoted to experimental psychology in 1883. Peirce was forced out of his position by scandal and Hall was awarded the only professorship in philosophy at Johns Hopkins. In 1887 Hall founded the American Journal of Psychology, which published work primarily emanating from his own laboratory. In 1888 Hall left his Johns Hopkins professorship for the presidency of the newly founded Clark University, where he remained for the rest of his career.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "The Journal of Social Psychology",
"paragraph_text": "The Journal of Social Psychology is a bimonthly academic journal covering social psychology published by Routledge, who acquired it from Heldref Publications in 2009. The journal was established in 1929 by John Dewey and Carl Murchison. It covers all areas of basic and applied social psychology. The journal was subtitled \"Political, Racial and Differential Psychology\" until changing its name in 1949.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Experimental psychology",
"paragraph_text": "Experimental psychology was introduced into the United States by George Trumbull Ladd, who founded Yale University's psychological laboratory in 1879. In 1887, Ladd published Elements of Physiological Psychology, the first American textbook that extensively discussed experimental psychology. Between Ladd's founding of the Yale Laboratory and his textbook, the center of experimental psychology in the US shifted to Johns Hopkins University, where George Hall and Charles Sanders Peirce were extending and qualifying Wundt's work.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Psychological Injury and Law",
"paragraph_text": "Psychological Injury and Law is a peer-reviewed academic journal published by Springer Science+Business Media on behalf of the Association for Scientific Advancement in Psychological Injury and Law. It was established in 2008 and the editor-in-chief is Gerald Young (York University). The journal covers forensic psychology, especially the interaction of psychology and law in the area of trauma and injury.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "To Kill a Mockingbird",
"paragraph_text": "Absent mothers and abusive fathers are another theme in the novel. Scout and Jem's mother died before Scout could remember her, Mayella's mother is dead, and Mrs. Radley is silent about Boo's confinement to the house. Apart from Atticus, the fathers described are abusers. Bob Ewell, it is hinted, molested his daughter, and Mr. Radley imprisons his son in his house until Boo is remembered only as a phantom. Bob Ewell and Mr. Radley represent a form of masculinity that Atticus does not, and the novel suggests that such men as well as the traditionally feminine hypocrites at the Missionary Society can lead society astray. Atticus stands apart as a unique model of masculinity; as one scholar explains: \"It is the job of real men who embody the traditional masculine qualities of heroic individualism, bravery, and an unshrinking knowledge of and dedication to social justice and morality, to set the society straight.\"",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Culture, Society and Masculinities",
"paragraph_text": "Culture, Society and Masculinities was a peer-reviewed journal first published in early 2009 as the fifth published by Men's Studies Press, and closing at the end of 2016.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
Who was first president of the publisher or Psychology of Men and Masculinity?
|
[
{
"id": 151235,
"question": "What is the publisher of Psychology of Men and Masculinity?",
"answer": "American Psychological Association",
"paragraph_support_idx": 12
},
{
"id": 14904,
"question": "Who was the first president of #1 ?",
"answer": "G. Stanley Hall",
"paragraph_support_idx": 9
}
] |
G. Stanley Hall
|
[
"Stanley Hall"
] | true |
2hop__151029_14904
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Wilhelm Wundt",
"paragraph_text": "Wilhelm Maximilian Wundt (/ vʊnt /; German: (vʊnt); 16 August 1832 -- 31 August 1920) was a German physician, physiologist, philosopher, and professor, known today as one of the founding figures of modern psychology. Wundt, who noted psychology as a science apart from philosophy and biology, was the first person ever to call himself a psychologist. He is widely regarded as the ``founder & father of experimental psychology ''. In 1879, Wundt founded the first formal laboratory for psychological research at the University of Leipzig. This marked psychology as an independent field of study. By creating this laboratory he was able to establish psychology as a separate science from other disciplines. He also formed the first academic journal for psychological research, Philosophische Studien (from 1881 to 1902), set up to publish the Institute's research.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Journal of Neuroscience, Psychology, and Economics",
"paragraph_text": "The Journal of Neuroscience, Psychology, and Economics is a peer-reviewed academic journal published by the American Psychological Association. It publishes original research dealing with the application of psychological theories and/or neuroscientific methods to business and economics and, therefore, is at the core of research in neuroeconomics, decision neuroscience, and consumer neuroscience. It is currently edited by Samuel M. McClure (Arizona State University).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Psychology and Aging",
"paragraph_text": "Psychology and Aging is a monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal published by the American Psychological Association. The current editor-in-chief is Elizabeth L. Stine-Morrow (University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign). It covers research on adult development and aging whether applied, biobehavioral, clinical, educational, experimental (laboratory, field, or naturalistic studies), methodological, or psychosocial.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Journal of Latinx Psychology",
"paragraph_text": "The Journal of Latinx Psychology, formerly the Journal of Latina/o Psychology, is a peer-reviewed academic journal published by the American Psychological Association on behalf of The National Latinx Psychological Association. The journal was established in 2012 and includes articles on \"research, practice, advocacy, education, and policy relevant to Latino communities.\" The previous editor-in-chief was Azara Santiago-Rivera of The Chicago School of Professional Psychology. The current editor is Esteban Cardemil of Clark University.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "The Farm (Smith novel)",
"paragraph_text": "The Farm (2014) is a psychological thriller novel by Tom Rob Smith. Set in London and Sweden, it is Smith's fourth published work and his first standalone novel.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Wilhelm Wundt",
"paragraph_text": "Wilhelm Maximilian Wundt (German: (vʊnt); 16 August 1832 -- 31 August 1920) was a German physician, physiologist, philosopher, and professor, known today as one of the founding figures of modern psychology. Wundt, who noted psychology as a science apart from philosophy and biology, was the first person ever to call himself a psychologist. He is widely regarded as the ``father of experimental psychology ''. In 1879, Wundt founded the first formal laboratory for psychological research at the University of Leipzig. This marked psychology as an independent field of study. By creating this laboratory he was able to establish psychology as a separate science from other topics. He also formed the first academic journal for psychological research, Philosophische Studien (from 1881 to 1902), set up to publish the Institute's research.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology",
"paragraph_text": "Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal published by the American Psychological Association on behalf of the Canadian Psychological Association in collaboration with the Canadian Society for Brain, Behaviour, and Cognitive Science. It was established in 1947 and covers experimental psychology. Articles are published in English or French. The editor-in-chief is Randall K. Jamieson (University of Manitoba).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Experimental psychology",
"paragraph_text": "Experimental psychology was introduced into the United States by George Trumbull Ladd, who founded Yale University's psychological laboratory in 1879. In 1887, Ladd published Elements of Physiological Psychology, the first American textbook that extensively discussed experimental psychology. Between Ladd's founding of the Yale Laboratory and his textbook, the center of experimental psychology in the US shifted to Johns Hopkins University, where George Hall and Charles Sanders Peirce were extending and qualifying Wundt's work.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "The Journal of Social Psychology",
"paragraph_text": "The Journal of Social Psychology is a bimonthly academic journal covering social psychology published by Routledge, who acquired it from Heldref Publications in 2009. The journal was established in 1929 by John Dewey and Carl Murchison. It covers all areas of basic and applied social psychology. The journal was subtitled \"Political, Racial and Differential Psychology\" until changing its name in 1949.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Asian American Journal of Psychology",
"paragraph_text": "The Asian American Journal of Psychology is a peer-reviewed academic journal published by the American Psychological Association on behalf of the Asian American Psychological Association. The journal \"is dedicated to research, practice, advocacy, education, and policy within Asian American psychology.\" The editor-in-chief is Bryan S. K. Kim (University of Hawaii at Hilo).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Kiss the Girls (novel)",
"paragraph_text": "Kiss the Girls is a psychological thriller novel by American writer James Patterson, the second to star his recurring main character Alex Cross, an African-American psychologist and policeman. It was first published in 1995, and was adapted into a movie of the same name in 1997.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "History of psychology",
"paragraph_text": "In 1879 Charles Sanders Peirce was hired as a philosophy instructor at Johns Hopkins University. Although better known for his astronomical and philosophical work, Peirce also conducted what are perhaps the first American psychology experiments, on the subject of color vision, published in 1877 in the American Journal of Science (see Cadwallader, 1974). Peirce and his student Joseph Jastrow published ``On Small Differences in Sensation ''in the Memoirs of the National Academy of Sciences, in 1884. In 1882, Peirce was joined at Johns Hopkins by G. Stanley Hall, who opened the first American research laboratory devoted to experimental psychology in 1883. Peirce was forced out of his position by scandal and Hall was awarded the only professorship in philosophy at Johns Hopkins. In 1887 Hall founded the American Journal of Psychology, which published work primarily emanating from his own laboratory. In 1888 Hall left his Johns Hopkins professorship for the presidency of the newly founded Clark University, where he remained for the rest of his career.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Spearman Medal",
"paragraph_text": "The Spearman Medal is an early-career award of the British Psychological Society's Research Board, given in recognition of outstanding published work in psychology which represents a significant body of work in terms of theoretical contributions, originality, and impact. The award was inaugurated in 1965 and is named in honour of Charles Spearman.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Psychological Methods",
"paragraph_text": "Psychological Methods is a peer-reviewed academic journal published by the American Psychological Association. It was established in 1996 and covers \"the development and dissemination of methods for collecting, analyzing, understanding, and interpreting psychological data\". The editor-in-chief is Lisa Harlow (University of Rhode Island).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "The Blunderer",
"paragraph_text": "The Blunderer is a psychological thriller by Patricia Highsmith, first published in 1954 by Coward-McCann. It was third of her 22 novels, the second published under her own name.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Psychological Injury and Law",
"paragraph_text": "Psychological Injury and Law is a peer-reviewed academic journal published by Springer Science+Business Media on behalf of the Association for Scientific Advancement in Psychological Injury and Law. It was established in 2008 and the editor-in-chief is Gerald Young (York University). The journal covers forensic psychology, especially the interaction of psychology and law in the area of trauma and injury.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Journal of Family Psychology",
"paragraph_text": "The Journal of Family Psychology is a peer-reviewed academic journal published by the American Psychological Association. It was established in 1987 and covers research in family psychology. The current editor-in-chief is Barbara H. Fiese.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Journal of Psychohistory",
"paragraph_text": "The Journal of Psychohistory is a journal in the field of psychohistory, edited by Lloyd deMause and published by the Institute for Psychohistory. It aims to provide \"a new psychological view of world events — past and present\". The journal is published quarterly and contains subjects such as childhood and the family (especially child abuse), psychobiography with extensive childhood material, political psychology and psychological studies of anthropology.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Adolescence",
"paragraph_text": "The formal study of adolescent psychology began with the publication of G. Stanley Hall's \"Adolescence in 1904.\" Hall, who was the first president of the American Psychological Association, viewed adolescence primarily as a time of internal turmoil and upheaval (sturm und drang). This understanding of youth was based on two then new ways of understanding human behavior: Darwin's evolutionary theory and Freud's psychodynamic theory. He believed that adolescence was a representation of our human ancestors' phylogenetic shift from being primitive to being civilized. Hall's assertions stood relatively uncontested until the 1950s when psychologists such as Erik Erikson and Anna Freud started to formulate their theories about adolescence. Freud believed that the psychological disturbances associated with youth were biologically based and culturally universal while Erikson focused on the dichotomy between identity formation and role fulfillment. Even with their different theories, these three psychologists agreed that adolescence was inherently a time of disturbance and psychological confusion. The less turbulent aspects of adolescence, such as peer relations and cultural influence, were left largely ignored until the 1980s. From the '50s until the '80s, the focus of the field was mainly on describing patterns of behavior as opposed to explaining them.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science",
"paragraph_text": "The Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal published by the American Psychological Association on behalf of the Canadian Psychological Association. The editor-in-chief is Allison J. Ouimet (University of Ottawa). The journal was established in 1969 and covers all aspects of psychology.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
Who was the first president of the publisher of Psychology and Aging?
|
[
{
"id": 151029,
"question": "What is the name of the publisher of Psychology and Aging?",
"answer": "American Psychological Association",
"paragraph_support_idx": 2
},
{
"id": 14904,
"question": "Who was the first president of #1 ?",
"answer": "G. Stanley Hall",
"paragraph_support_idx": 18
}
] |
G. Stanley Hall
|
[
"Stanley Hall"
] | true |
2hop__151234_14904
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Extraversion and introversion",
"paragraph_text": "The trait of extraversion -- introversion is a central dimension of human personality theories. The terms introversion and extraversion were popularized by Carl Jung, although both the popular understanding and psychological usage differ from his original intent. Extraversion tends to be manifested in outgoing, talkative, energetic behavior, whereas introversion is manifested in more reserved and solitary behavior. Virtually all comprehensive models of personality include these concepts in various forms. Examples include the Big Five model, Jung's analytical psychology, Hans Eysenck's three - factor model, Raymond Cattell's 16 personality factors, the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory, and the Myers -- Briggs Type Indicator.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Experimental psychology",
"paragraph_text": "Experimental psychology was introduced into the United States by George Trumbull Ladd, who founded Yale University's psychological laboratory in 1879. In 1887, Ladd published Elements of Physiological Psychology, the first American textbook that extensively discussed experimental psychology. Between Ladd's founding of the Yale Laboratory and his textbook, the center of experimental psychology in the US shifted to Johns Hopkins University, where George Hall and Charles Sanders Peirce were extending and qualifying Wundt's work.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews",
"paragraph_text": "Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews is a peer-reviewed scientific journal covering behavioral neuroscience published by Elsevier. The journal publishes reviews, theoretical articles, and mini-reviews. It is an official journal of the International Behavioral Neuroscience Society.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "History of psychology",
"paragraph_text": "In 1879 Charles Sanders Peirce was hired as a philosophy instructor at Johns Hopkins University. Although better known for his astronomical and philosophical work, Peirce also conducted what are perhaps the first American psychology experiments, on the subject of color vision, published in 1877 in the American Journal of Science (see Cadwallader, 1974). Peirce and his student Joseph Jastrow published ``On Small Differences in Sensation ''in the Memoirs of the National Academy of Sciences, in 1884. In 1882, Peirce was joined at Johns Hopkins by G. Stanley Hall, who opened the first American research laboratory devoted to experimental psychology in 1883. Peirce was forced out of his position by scandal and Hall was awarded the only professorship in philosophy at Johns Hopkins. In 1887 Hall founded the American Journal of Psychology, which published work primarily emanating from his own laboratory. In 1888 Hall left his Johns Hopkins professorship for the presidency of the newly founded Clark University, where he remained for the rest of his career.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Humanism",
"paragraph_text": "Humanistic psychology is a psychological perspective which rose to prominence in the mid-20th century in response to Sigmund Freud's psychoanalytic theory and B. F. Skinner's Behaviorism. The approach emphasizes an individual's inherent drive towards self-actualization and creativity. Psychologists Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow introduced a positive, humanistic psychology in response to what they viewed as the overly pessimistic view of psychoanalysis in the early 1960s. Other sources include the philosophies of existentialism and phenomenology.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Psychology",
"paragraph_text": "In 1890, William James defined psychology as ``the science of mental life, both of its phenomena and their conditions ''. This definition enjoyed widespread currency for decades. However, this meaning was contested, notably by radical behaviorists such as John B. Watson, who in his 1913 manifesto defined the discipline of psychology as the acquisition of information useful to the control of behavior. Also since James defined it, the term more strongly connotes techniques of scientific experimentation. Folk psychology refers to the understanding of ordinary people, as contrasted with that of psychology professionals.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Stephan Noller",
"paragraph_text": "Stephan Noller studied psychology at the University of Cologne, earning honors with distinction for his thesis \"Mental Models and Web Navigation\". In professional publications and research studies Noller concentrated on theories as to what conclusions could be drawn from users' online behavior. His roots come from Fraunhofer Society, where he worked on machine learning algorithms to predict user's interests and demographics out of behavioral data. After developing a new process for measuring internet coverage for the industry association AGOF while working at TNS Emnid, he created an online advertising targeting system based on automated profiling for TNS Infratest in 2006: Predictive Behavioral Targeting by nugg.ad. Besides continually developing this system, he was also active for United Internet Media, and published portals such as web.de (named TGP) and gmx.de.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Humanistic psychology",
"paragraph_text": "Humanistic psychology is a psychological perspective that rose to prominence in the mid-20th century in answer to the limitations of Sigmund Freud's psychoanalytic theory and B.F. Skinner's behaviorism. With its roots running from Socrates through the Renaissance, this approach emphasizes individuals' inherent drive towards self - actualization, the process of realizing and expressing one's own capabilities and creativity.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology",
"paragraph_text": "Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal published by the American Psychological Association on behalf of the Canadian Psychological Association in collaboration with the Canadian Society for Brain, Behaviour, and Cognitive Science. It was established in 1947 and covers experimental psychology. Articles are published in English or French. The editor-in-chief is Randall K. Jamieson (University of Manitoba).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Social psychology",
"paragraph_text": "The first published study in this area was an experiment in 1898 by Norman Triplett, on the phenomenon of social facilitation. During the 1930s, many Gestalt psychologists, most notably Kurt Lewin, fled to the United States from Nazi Germany. They were instrumental in developing the field as something separate from the behavioral and psychoanalytic schools that were dominant during that time, and social psychology has always maintained the legacy of their interests in perception and cognition. Attitudes and small group phenomena were the most commonly studied topics in this era.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "The Blunderer",
"paragraph_text": "The Blunderer is a psychological thriller by Patricia Highsmith, first published in 1954 by Coward-McCann. It was third of her 22 novels, the second published under her own name.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Fundamental attribution error",
"paragraph_text": "In social psychology, the fundamental attribution error (FAE), also known as the correspondence bias or attribution effect, is the claim that in contrast to interpretations of their own behavior, people place undue emphasis on internal characteristics of the agent (character or intention), rather than external factors, in explaining other people's behavior. The effect has been described as ``the tendency to believe that what people do reflects who they are ''.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Wilhelm Wundt",
"paragraph_text": "Wilhelm Maximilian Wundt (German: (vʊnt); 16 August 1832 -- 31 August 1920) was a German physician, physiologist, philosopher, and professor, known today as one of the founding figures of modern psychology. Wundt, who noted psychology as a science apart from philosophy and biology, was the first person ever to call himself a psychologist. He is widely regarded as the ``father of experimental psychology ''. In 1879, Wundt founded the first formal laboratory for psychological research at the University of Leipzig. This marked psychology as an independent field of study. By creating this laboratory he was able to establish psychology as a separate science from other topics. He also formed the first academic journal for psychological research, Philosophische Studien (from 1881 to 1902), set up to publish the Institute's research.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "David T. Lykken",
"paragraph_text": "David Thoreson Lykken (June 18, 1928 – September 15, 2006) was a behavioral geneticist and Professor Emeritus of Psychology and Psychiatry at the University of Minnesota. He is best known for his work on twin studies and lie detection.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Psychology of Addictive Behaviors",
"paragraph_text": "Psychology of Addictive Behaviors is a peer-reviewed academic journal of the American Psychological Association that publishes original articles related to the psychological aspects of addictive behaviors 8 times a year. The current editor-in-chief is Nancy M. Petry (University of Connecticut School of Medicine).",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Radical behaviorism",
"paragraph_text": "Radical behaviorism, or the conceptual analysis of behavior, was pioneered by B.F. Skinner and is his ``philosophy of the science of behavior. ''It refers to the philosophy behind behavior analysis, and is to be distinguished from methodological behaviorism -- which has an intense emphasis on observable behaviors -- by its inclusion of thinking, feeling, and other private events in the analysis of human and animal psychology. The research in behavior analysis is called the experimental analysis of behavior and the application of this field is called applied behavior analysis (ABA).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Adolescence",
"paragraph_text": "The formal study of adolescent psychology began with the publication of G. Stanley Hall's \"Adolescence in 1904.\" Hall, who was the first president of the American Psychological Association, viewed adolescence primarily as a time of internal turmoil and upheaval (sturm und drang). This understanding of youth was based on two then new ways of understanding human behavior: Darwin's evolutionary theory and Freud's psychodynamic theory. He believed that adolescence was a representation of our human ancestors' phylogenetic shift from being primitive to being civilized. Hall's assertions stood relatively uncontested until the 1950s when psychologists such as Erik Erikson and Anna Freud started to formulate their theories about adolescence. Freud believed that the psychological disturbances associated with youth were biologically based and culturally universal while Erikson focused on the dichotomy between identity formation and role fulfillment. Even with their different theories, these three psychologists agreed that adolescence was inherently a time of disturbance and psychological confusion. The less turbulent aspects of adolescence, such as peer relations and cultural influence, were left largely ignored until the 1980s. From the '50s until the '80s, the focus of the field was mainly on describing patterns of behavior as opposed to explaining them.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Andy Dick",
"paragraph_text": "Andrew Roane Dick (born Andrew Thomlinson, December 21, 1965) is an American comedian, actor, musician, and television and film producer. Best known as a comic, he is also known for his eccentric behavior, drug addiction, and sexual misconduct allegations and arrests. His first regular television role was on the short-lived but influential \"Ben Stiller Show\". In the mid-1990s, he had a long-running stint on NBC's \"NewsRadio\" and was a supporting character on \"Less than Perfect\". He briefly had his own program, \"The Andy Dick Show\" on MTV. He is noted for his outlandish behavior from a number of \"Comedy Central Roasts\" and other appearances.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Administrative Behavior",
"paragraph_text": "Administrative Behavior: a Study of Decision-Making Processes in Administrative Organization is a book written by Herbert A. Simon (1916–2001). It asserts that \"decision-making is the heart of administration, and that the vocabulary of administrative theory must be derived from the logic and psychology of human choice\", and it attempts to describe administrative organizations \"in a way that will provide the basis for scientific analysis\". The first edition was published in 1947; the second, in 1957; the third, in 1976; and the fourth, in 1997. As summarized in a 2001 obituary of Simon, the book \"reject[ed] the notion of an omniscient 'economic man' capable of making decisions that bring the greatest benefit possible and substitut[ed] instead the idea of 'administrative man' who 'satisfices—looks for a course of action that is satisfactory'\". \"Administrative Behavior\" laid the foundation for the economic movement known as the Carnegie School.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "John B. Watson",
"paragraph_text": "John Broadus Watson (January 9, 1878 -- September 25, 1958) was an American psychologist who established the psychological school of behaviorism. Watson promoted a change in psychology through his address Psychology as the Behaviorist Views it, which was given at Columbia University in 1913. Through his behaviorist approach, Watson conducted research on animal behavior, child rearing, and advertising. In addition, he conducted the controversial ``Little Albert ''experiment and the Kerplunk experiment. Watson popularized the use of the scientific theory with behaviorism. He was also editor of Psychological Review from 1910 to 1915. A Review of General Psychology survey, published in 2002, ranked Watson as the 17th most cited psychologist of the 20th century.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
Who was the first president of the organization that publishes Psychology of Addictive Behaviors?
|
[
{
"id": 151234,
"question": "What is the publisher of Psychology of Addictive Behaviors?",
"answer": "American Psychological Association",
"paragraph_support_idx": 14
},
{
"id": 14904,
"question": "Who was the first president of #1 ?",
"answer": "G. Stanley Hall",
"paragraph_support_idx": 16
}
] |
G. Stanley Hall
|
[
"Stanley Hall"
] | true |
2hop__744651_14904
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology",
"paragraph_text": "Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal published by the American Psychological Association on behalf of the Canadian Psychological Association in collaboration with the Canadian Society for Brain, Behaviour, and Cognitive Science. It was established in 1947 and covers experimental psychology. Articles are published in English or French. The editor-in-chief is Randall K. Jamieson (University of Manitoba).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Wilhelm Wundt",
"paragraph_text": "Wilhelm Maximilian Wundt (/ vʊnt /; German: (vʊnt); 16 August 1832 -- 31 August 1920) was a German physician, physiologist, philosopher, and professor, known today as one of the founding figures of modern psychology. Wundt, who noted psychology as a science apart from philosophy and biology, was the first person ever to call himself a psychologist. He is widely regarded as the ``founder & father of experimental psychology ''. In 1879, Wundt founded the first formal laboratory for psychological research at the University of Leipzig. This marked psychology as an independent field of study. By creating this laboratory he was able to establish psychology as a separate science from other disciplines. He also formed the first academic journal for psychological research, Philosophische Studien (from 1881 to 1902), set up to publish the Institute's research.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "The Journal of Social Psychology",
"paragraph_text": "The Journal of Social Psychology is a bimonthly academic journal covering social psychology published by Routledge, who acquired it from Heldref Publications in 2009. The journal was established in 1929 by John Dewey and Carl Murchison. It covers all areas of basic and applied social psychology. The journal was subtitled \"Political, Racial and Differential Psychology\" until changing its name in 1949.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Asian American Journal of Psychology",
"paragraph_text": "The Asian American Journal of Psychology is a peer-reviewed academic journal published by the American Psychological Association on behalf of the Asian American Psychological Association. The journal \"is dedicated to research, practice, advocacy, education, and policy within Asian American psychology.\" The editor-in-chief is Bryan S. K. Kim (University of Hawaii at Hilo).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science",
"paragraph_text": "The Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal published by the American Psychological Association on behalf of the Canadian Psychological Association. The editor-in-chief is Allison J. Ouimet (University of Ottawa). The journal was established in 1969 and covers all aspects of psychology.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Psychological Injury and Law",
"paragraph_text": "Psychological Injury and Law is a peer-reviewed academic journal published by Springer Science+Business Media on behalf of the Association for Scientific Advancement in Psychological Injury and Law. It was established in 2008 and the editor-in-chief is Gerald Young (York University). The journal covers forensic psychology, especially the interaction of psychology and law in the area of trauma and injury.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Wilhelm Wundt",
"paragraph_text": "Wilhelm Maximilian Wundt (German: (vʊnt); 16 August 1832 -- 31 August 1920) was a German physician, physiologist, philosopher, and professor, known today as one of the founding figures of modern psychology. Wundt, who noted psychology as a science apart from philosophy and biology, was the first person ever to call himself a psychologist. He is widely regarded as the ``father of experimental psychology ''. In 1879, Wundt founded the first formal laboratory for psychological research at the University of Leipzig. This marked psychology as an independent field of study. By creating this laboratory he was able to establish psychology as a separate science from other topics. He also formed the first academic journal for psychological research, Philosophische Studien (from 1881 to 1902), set up to publish the Institute's research.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "The Farm (Smith novel)",
"paragraph_text": "The Farm (2014) is a psychological thriller novel by Tom Rob Smith. Set in London and Sweden, it is Smith's fourth published work and his first standalone novel.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Psychological Methods",
"paragraph_text": "Psychological Methods is a peer-reviewed academic journal published by the American Psychological Association. It was established in 1996 and covers \"the development and dissemination of methods for collecting, analyzing, understanding, and interpreting psychological data\". The editor-in-chief is Lisa Harlow (University of Rhode Island).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Journal of Neuroscience, Psychology, and Economics",
"paragraph_text": "The Journal of Neuroscience, Psychology, and Economics is a peer-reviewed academic journal published by the American Psychological Association. It publishes original research dealing with the application of psychological theories and/or neuroscientific methods to business and economics and, therefore, is at the core of research in neuroeconomics, decision neuroscience, and consumer neuroscience. It is currently edited by Samuel M. McClure (Arizona State University).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "The Blunderer",
"paragraph_text": "The Blunderer is a psychological thriller by Patricia Highsmith, first published in 1954 by Coward-McCann. It was third of her 22 novels, the second published under her own name.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Clinical Practice in Pediatric Psychology",
"paragraph_text": "Clinical Practice in Pediatric Psychology is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal published by the American Psychological Association on behalf of APA Division 54. It covers all aspects of pediatric psychology. The inaugural editors-in-chief were Jennifer Shroff Pendley (Nemours Foundation/Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children) and W. Douglas Tynan (Nemours Health and Prevention Services). The current editor-in-chief is Jennifer Verrill Schurman (Children's Mercy Hospital). The journal was established in 2013 and is abstracted and indexed in PsycINFO and Scopus.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Journal of Psychohistory",
"paragraph_text": "The Journal of Psychohistory is a journal in the field of psychohistory, edited by Lloyd deMause and published by the Institute for Psychohistory. It aims to provide \"a new psychological view of world events — past and present\". The journal is published quarterly and contains subjects such as childhood and the family (especially child abuse), psychobiography with extensive childhood material, political psychology and psychological studies of anthropology.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Journal of Latinx Psychology",
"paragraph_text": "The Journal of Latinx Psychology, formerly the Journal of Latina/o Psychology, is a peer-reviewed academic journal published by the American Psychological Association on behalf of The National Latinx Psychological Association. The journal was established in 2012 and includes articles on \"research, practice, advocacy, education, and policy relevant to Latino communities.\" The previous editor-in-chief was Azara Santiago-Rivera of The Chicago School of Professional Psychology. The current editor is Esteban Cardemil of Clark University.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Psychological Services",
"paragraph_text": "Psychological Services is a peer-reviewed academic journal published by the American Psychological Association on behalf of APA Division 18. The current editor-in-chief is Patrick DeLeon. The journal was established in 2004 and covers \"the broad range of psychological services delivered in organized care settings\". These settings include, but are not limited to:",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Journal of Abnormal Psychology",
"paragraph_text": "The Journal of Abnormal Psychology is a peer-reviewed academic journal published by the American Psychological Association (APA). The journal has been in publication for over 110 years, and it is considered to be a \"preeminent outlet for research in psychopathology\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "The Disowned Self",
"paragraph_text": "The Disowned Self is a book written by Nathaniel Branden in 1971 and published in 1972. It was Branden's third book in the area of psychology (preceded by \"The Psychology of Self-Esteem\" and \"Breaking Free\").",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Adolescence",
"paragraph_text": "The formal study of adolescent psychology began with the publication of G. Stanley Hall's \"Adolescence in 1904.\" Hall, who was the first president of the American Psychological Association, viewed adolescence primarily as a time of internal turmoil and upheaval (sturm und drang). This understanding of youth was based on two then new ways of understanding human behavior: Darwin's evolutionary theory and Freud's psychodynamic theory. He believed that adolescence was a representation of our human ancestors' phylogenetic shift from being primitive to being civilized. Hall's assertions stood relatively uncontested until the 1950s when psychologists such as Erik Erikson and Anna Freud started to formulate their theories about adolescence. Freud believed that the psychological disturbances associated with youth were biologically based and culturally universal while Erikson focused on the dichotomy between identity formation and role fulfillment. Even with their different theories, these three psychologists agreed that adolescence was inherently a time of disturbance and psychological confusion. The less turbulent aspects of adolescence, such as peer relations and cultural influence, were left largely ignored until the 1980s. From the '50s until the '80s, the focus of the field was mainly on describing patterns of behavior as opposed to explaining them.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology",
"paragraph_text": "The Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology was a peer-reviewed academic journal published by the American Psychological Association. It was established in 1921 as the result of a merger between two journals, \"Psychobiology\" (1918-1920) and the \"Journal of Animal Behavior\" (1911-1916), under the title \"Journal of Comparative Psychology\". It was renamed \"Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology\" in 1947. Publication ceased in 1982 when the journal was split into \"Behavioral Neuroscience\" and the re-instated \"Journal of Comparative Psychology\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Experimental psychology",
"paragraph_text": "Experimental psychology was introduced into the United States by George Trumbull Ladd, who founded Yale University's psychological laboratory in 1879. In 1887, Ladd published Elements of Physiological Psychology, the first American textbook that extensively discussed experimental psychology. Between Ladd's founding of the Yale Laboratory and his textbook, the center of experimental psychology in the US shifted to Johns Hopkins University, where George Hall and Charles Sanders Peirce were extending and qualifying Wundt's work.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
Who was the first president of the publisher of Psychological Services?
|
[
{
"id": 744651,
"question": "Psychological Services >> publisher",
"answer": "American Psychological Association",
"paragraph_support_idx": 14
},
{
"id": 14904,
"question": "Who was the first president of #1 ?",
"answer": "G. Stanley Hall",
"paragraph_support_idx": 17
}
] |
G. Stanley Hall
|
[
"Stanley Hall"
] | true |
2hop__786208_14904
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Wilhelm Wundt",
"paragraph_text": "Wilhelm Maximilian Wundt (/ vʊnt /; German: (vʊnt); 16 August 1832 -- 31 August 1920) was a German physician, physiologist, philosopher, and professor, known today as one of the founding figures of modern psychology. Wundt, who noted psychology as a science apart from philosophy and biology, was the first person ever to call himself a psychologist. He is widely regarded as the ``founder & father of experimental psychology ''. In 1879, Wundt founded the first formal laboratory for psychological research at the University of Leipzig. This marked psychology as an independent field of study. By creating this laboratory he was able to establish psychology as a separate science from other disciplines. He also formed the first academic journal for psychological research, Philosophische Studien (from 1881 to 1902), set up to publish the Institute's research.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology",
"paragraph_text": "The Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology was a peer-reviewed academic journal published by the American Psychological Association. It was established in 1921 as the result of a merger between two journals, \"Psychobiology\" (1918-1920) and the \"Journal of Animal Behavior\" (1911-1916), under the title \"Journal of Comparative Psychology\". It was renamed \"Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology\" in 1947. Publication ceased in 1982 when the journal was split into \"Behavioral Neuroscience\" and the re-instated \"Journal of Comparative Psychology\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "History of psychology",
"paragraph_text": "In 1879 Charles Sanders Peirce was hired as a philosophy instructor at Johns Hopkins University. Although better known for his astronomical and philosophical work, Peirce also conducted what are perhaps the first American psychology experiments, on the subject of color vision, published in 1877 in the American Journal of Science (see Cadwallader, 1974). Peirce and his student Joseph Jastrow published ``On Small Differences in Sensation ''in the Memoirs of the National Academy of Sciences, in 1884. In 1882, Peirce was joined at Johns Hopkins by G. Stanley Hall, who opened the first American research laboratory devoted to experimental psychology in 1883. Peirce was forced out of his position by scandal and Hall was awarded the only professorship in philosophy at Johns Hopkins. In 1887 Hall founded the American Journal of Psychology, which published work primarily emanating from his own laboratory. In 1888 Hall left his Johns Hopkins professorship for the presidency of the newly founded Clark University, where he remained for the rest of his career.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Journal of Neuroscience, Psychology, and Economics",
"paragraph_text": "The Journal of Neuroscience, Psychology, and Economics is a peer-reviewed academic journal published by the American Psychological Association. It publishes original research dealing with the application of psychological theories and/or neuroscientific methods to business and economics and, therefore, is at the core of research in neuroeconomics, decision neuroscience, and consumer neuroscience. It is currently edited by Samuel M. McClure (Arizona State University).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "British Journal of Clinical Psychology",
"paragraph_text": "The British Journal of Clinical Psychology is a medical journal published by Wiley-Blackwell on behalf of the British Psychological Society covering topics in clinical psychology. It was established in 1981, when the \"British Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology\" split in two parts, the other being \"British Journal of Social Psychology\". The editor-in-chief is Jessica Grisham (University of New South Wales). According to the \"Journal Citation Reports\", the journal has a 2018 impact factor of 2.672, ranking it 38th out of 130 journals in the category \"Psychology, Clinical\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Psychological Methods",
"paragraph_text": "Psychological Methods is a peer-reviewed academic journal published by the American Psychological Association. It was established in 1996 and covers \"the development and dissemination of methods for collecting, analyzing, understanding, and interpreting psychological data\". The editor-in-chief is Lisa Harlow (University of Rhode Island).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Psychological Injury and Law",
"paragraph_text": "Psychological Injury and Law is a peer-reviewed academic journal published by Springer Science+Business Media on behalf of the Association for Scientific Advancement in Psychological Injury and Law. It was established in 2008 and the editor-in-chief is Gerald Young (York University). The journal covers forensic psychology, especially the interaction of psychology and law in the area of trauma and injury.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Asian American Journal of Psychology",
"paragraph_text": "The Asian American Journal of Psychology is a peer-reviewed academic journal published by the American Psychological Association on behalf of the Asian American Psychological Association. The journal \"is dedicated to research, practice, advocacy, education, and policy within Asian American psychology.\" The editor-in-chief is Bryan S. K. Kim (University of Hawaii at Hilo).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Adolescence",
"paragraph_text": "The formal study of adolescent psychology began with the publication of G. Stanley Hall's \"Adolescence in 1904.\" Hall, who was the first president of the American Psychological Association, viewed adolescence primarily as a time of internal turmoil and upheaval (sturm und drang). This understanding of youth was based on two then new ways of understanding human behavior: Darwin's evolutionary theory and Freud's psychodynamic theory. He believed that adolescence was a representation of our human ancestors' phylogenetic shift from being primitive to being civilized. Hall's assertions stood relatively uncontested until the 1950s when psychologists such as Erik Erikson and Anna Freud started to formulate their theories about adolescence. Freud believed that the psychological disturbances associated with youth were biologically based and culturally universal while Erikson focused on the dichotomy between identity formation and role fulfillment. Even with their different theories, these three psychologists agreed that adolescence was inherently a time of disturbance and psychological confusion. The less turbulent aspects of adolescence, such as peer relations and cultural influence, were left largely ignored until the 1980s. From the '50s until the '80s, the focus of the field was mainly on describing patterns of behavior as opposed to explaining them.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Journal of Abnormal Psychology",
"paragraph_text": "The Journal of Abnormal Psychology is a peer-reviewed academic journal published by the American Psychological Association (APA). The journal has been in publication for over 110 years, and it is considered to be a \"preeminent outlet for research in psychopathology\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "The Blunderer",
"paragraph_text": "The Blunderer is a psychological thriller by Patricia Highsmith, first published in 1954 by Coward-McCann. It was third of her 22 novels, the second published under her own name.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "The Disowned Self",
"paragraph_text": "The Disowned Self is a book written by Nathaniel Branden in 1971 and published in 1972. It was Branden's third book in the area of psychology (preceded by \"The Psychology of Self-Esteem\" and \"Breaking Free\").",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Experimental psychology",
"paragraph_text": "Experimental psychology was introduced into the United States by George Trumbull Ladd, who founded Yale University's psychological laboratory in 1879. In 1887, Ladd published Elements of Physiological Psychology, the first American textbook that extensively discussed experimental psychology. Between Ladd's founding of the Yale Laboratory and his textbook, the center of experimental psychology in the US shifted to Johns Hopkins University, where George Hall and Charles Sanders Peirce were extending and qualifying Wundt's work.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Journal of Latinx Psychology",
"paragraph_text": "The Journal of Latinx Psychology, formerly the Journal of Latina/o Psychology, is a peer-reviewed academic journal published by the American Psychological Association on behalf of The National Latinx Psychological Association. The journal was established in 2012 and includes articles on \"research, practice, advocacy, education, and policy relevant to Latino communities.\" The previous editor-in-chief was Azara Santiago-Rivera of The Chicago School of Professional Psychology. The current editor is Esteban Cardemil of Clark University.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science",
"paragraph_text": "The Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal published by the American Psychological Association on behalf of the Canadian Psychological Association. The editor-in-chief is Allison J. Ouimet (University of Ottawa). The journal was established in 1969 and covers all aspects of psychology.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Psychology and Aging",
"paragraph_text": "Psychology and Aging is a monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal published by the American Psychological Association. The current editor-in-chief is Elizabeth L. Stine-Morrow (University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign). It covers research on adult development and aging whether applied, biobehavioral, clinical, educational, experimental (laboratory, field, or naturalistic studies), methodological, or psychosocial.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology",
"paragraph_text": "Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal published by the American Psychological Association on behalf of the Canadian Psychological Association in collaboration with the Canadian Society for Brain, Behaviour, and Cognitive Science. It was established in 1947 and covers experimental psychology. Articles are published in English or French. The editor-in-chief is Randall K. Jamieson (University of Manitoba).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "The Farm (Smith novel)",
"paragraph_text": "The Farm (2014) is a psychological thriller novel by Tom Rob Smith. Set in London and Sweden, it is Smith's fourth published work and his first standalone novel.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Journal of Family Psychology",
"paragraph_text": "The Journal of Family Psychology is a peer-reviewed academic journal published by the American Psychological Association. It was established in 1987 and covers research in family psychology. The current editor-in-chief is Barbara H. Fiese.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "The Journal of Social Psychology",
"paragraph_text": "The Journal of Social Psychology is a bimonthly academic journal covering social psychology published by Routledge, who acquired it from Heldref Publications in 2009. The journal was established in 1929 by John Dewey and Carl Murchison. It covers all areas of basic and applied social psychology. The journal was subtitled \"Political, Racial and Differential Psychology\" until changing its name in 1949.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
Who was the first president of the publisher of Psychology and Aging?
|
[
{
"id": 786208,
"question": "Psychology and Aging >> publisher",
"answer": "American Psychological Association",
"paragraph_support_idx": 15
},
{
"id": 14904,
"question": "Who was the first president of #1 ?",
"answer": "G. Stanley Hall",
"paragraph_support_idx": 8
}
] |
G. Stanley Hall
|
[
"Stanley Hall"
] | true |
2hop__649915_14904
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "The Journal of Social Psychology",
"paragraph_text": "The Journal of Social Psychology is a bimonthly academic journal covering social psychology published by Routledge, who acquired it from Heldref Publications in 2009. The journal was established in 1929 by John Dewey and Carl Murchison. It covers all areas of basic and applied social psychology. The journal was subtitled \"Political, Racial and Differential Psychology\" until changing its name in 1949.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Wilhelm Wundt",
"paragraph_text": "Wilhelm Maximilian Wundt (/ vʊnt /; German: (vʊnt); 16 August 1832 -- 31 August 1920) was a German physician, physiologist, philosopher, and professor, known today as one of the founding figures of modern psychology. Wundt, who noted psychology as a science apart from philosophy and biology, was the first person ever to call himself a psychologist. He is widely regarded as the ``founder & father of experimental psychology ''. In 1879, Wundt founded the first formal laboratory for psychological research at the University of Leipzig. This marked psychology as an independent field of study. By creating this laboratory he was able to establish psychology as a separate science from other disciplines. He also formed the first academic journal for psychological research, Philosophische Studien (from 1881 to 1902), set up to publish the Institute's research.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Journal of Latinx Psychology",
"paragraph_text": "The Journal of Latinx Psychology, formerly the Journal of Latina/o Psychology, is a peer-reviewed academic journal published by the American Psychological Association on behalf of The National Latinx Psychological Association. The journal was established in 2012 and includes articles on \"research, practice, advocacy, education, and policy relevant to Latino communities.\" The previous editor-in-chief was Azara Santiago-Rivera of The Chicago School of Professional Psychology. The current editor is Esteban Cardemil of Clark University.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Journal of Psychohistory",
"paragraph_text": "The Journal of Psychohistory is a journal in the field of psychohistory, edited by Lloyd deMause and published by the Institute for Psychohistory. It aims to provide \"a new psychological view of world events — past and present\". The journal is published quarterly and contains subjects such as childhood and the family (especially child abuse), psychobiography with extensive childhood material, political psychology and psychological studies of anthropology.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "History of Larimer County, Colorado",
"paragraph_text": "History of Larimer County, Colorado is a work of history published in 1911 by Ansel Watrous. The book was the first published comprehensive history of Larimer County, Colorado in the United States. It was republished in 1972 by the Cache la Poudre chapter of the Daughters of the American Revolution.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "The Blunderer",
"paragraph_text": "The Blunderer is a psychological thriller by Patricia Highsmith, first published in 1954 by Coward-McCann. It was third of her 22 novels, the second published under her own name.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology",
"paragraph_text": "Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal published by the American Psychological Association on behalf of the Canadian Psychological Association in collaboration with the Canadian Society for Brain, Behaviour, and Cognitive Science. It was established in 1947 and covers experimental psychology. Articles are published in English or French. The editor-in-chief is Randall K. Jamieson (University of Manitoba).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology",
"paragraph_text": "The Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology was a peer-reviewed academic journal published by the American Psychological Association. It was established in 1921 as the result of a merger between two journals, \"Psychobiology\" (1918-1920) and the \"Journal of Animal Behavior\" (1911-1916), under the title \"Journal of Comparative Psychology\". It was renamed \"Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology\" in 1947. Publication ceased in 1982 when the journal was split into \"Behavioral Neuroscience\" and the re-instated \"Journal of Comparative Psychology\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Adolescence",
"paragraph_text": "The formal study of adolescent psychology began with the publication of G. Stanley Hall's \"Adolescence in 1904.\" Hall, who was the first president of the American Psychological Association, viewed adolescence primarily as a time of internal turmoil and upheaval (sturm und drang). This understanding of youth was based on two then new ways of understanding human behavior: Darwin's evolutionary theory and Freud's psychodynamic theory. He believed that adolescence was a representation of our human ancestors' phylogenetic shift from being primitive to being civilized. Hall's assertions stood relatively uncontested until the 1950s when psychologists such as Erik Erikson and Anna Freud started to formulate their theories about adolescence. Freud believed that the psychological disturbances associated with youth were biologically based and culturally universal while Erikson focused on the dichotomy between identity formation and role fulfillment. Even with their different theories, these three psychologists agreed that adolescence was inherently a time of disturbance and psychological confusion. The less turbulent aspects of adolescence, such as peer relations and cultural influence, were left largely ignored until the 1980s. From the '50s until the '80s, the focus of the field was mainly on describing patterns of behavior as opposed to explaining them.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "The Farm (Smith novel)",
"paragraph_text": "The Farm (2014) is a psychological thriller novel by Tom Rob Smith. Set in London and Sweden, it is Smith's fourth published work and his first standalone novel.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Konstantin Ramul",
"paragraph_text": "Konstantin Ramul (30 May 1879 – 11 February 1975) was an Estonian professor of psychology and longtime chair of psychology at the University of Tartu. He is best known for his work on the history of experimental psychology.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "History of psychology",
"paragraph_text": "In 1879 Charles Sanders Peirce was hired as a philosophy instructor at Johns Hopkins University. Although better known for his astronomical and philosophical work, Peirce also conducted what are perhaps the first American psychology experiments, on the subject of color vision, published in 1877 in the American Journal of Science (see Cadwallader, 1974). Peirce and his student Joseph Jastrow published ``On Small Differences in Sensation ''in the Memoirs of the National Academy of Sciences, in 1884. In 1882, Peirce was joined at Johns Hopkins by G. Stanley Hall, who opened the first American research laboratory devoted to experimental psychology in 1883. Peirce was forced out of his position by scandal and Hall was awarded the only professorship in philosophy at Johns Hopkins. In 1887 Hall founded the American Journal of Psychology, which published work primarily emanating from his own laboratory. In 1888 Hall left his Johns Hopkins professorship for the presidency of the newly founded Clark University, where he remained for the rest of his career.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "History of Psychology (journal)",
"paragraph_text": "History of Psychology is a peer-reviewed academic journal published by Division 26 of the American Psychological Association. The journal was established in 1998 and covers research on the history of psychology. The current editor-in-chief is Nadine Weidman (Harvard University and Boston College).",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "The Disowned Self",
"paragraph_text": "The Disowned Self is a book written by Nathaniel Branden in 1971 and published in 1972. It was Branden's third book in the area of psychology (preceded by \"The Psychology of Self-Esteem\" and \"Breaking Free\").",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science",
"paragraph_text": "The Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal published by the American Psychological Association on behalf of the Canadian Psychological Association. The editor-in-chief is Allison J. Ouimet (University of Ottawa). The journal was established in 1969 and covers all aspects of psychology.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Journal of Family Psychology",
"paragraph_text": "The Journal of Family Psychology is a peer-reviewed academic journal published by the American Psychological Association. It was established in 1987 and covers research in family psychology. The current editor-in-chief is Barbara H. Fiese.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Asian American Journal of Psychology",
"paragraph_text": "The Asian American Journal of Psychology is a peer-reviewed academic journal published by the American Psychological Association on behalf of the Asian American Psychological Association. The journal \"is dedicated to research, practice, advocacy, education, and policy within Asian American psychology.\" The editor-in-chief is Bryan S. K. Kim (University of Hawaii at Hilo).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Psychological Injury and Law",
"paragraph_text": "Psychological Injury and Law is a peer-reviewed academic journal published by Springer Science+Business Media on behalf of the Association for Scientific Advancement in Psychological Injury and Law. It was established in 2008 and the editor-in-chief is Gerald Young (York University). The journal covers forensic psychology, especially the interaction of psychology and law in the area of trauma and injury.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Experimental psychology",
"paragraph_text": "Experimental psychology was introduced into the United States by George Trumbull Ladd, who founded Yale University's psychological laboratory in 1879. In 1887, Ladd published Elements of Physiological Psychology, the first American textbook that extensively discussed experimental psychology. Between Ladd's founding of the Yale Laboratory and his textbook, the center of experimental psychology in the US shifted to Johns Hopkins University, where George Hall and Charles Sanders Peirce were extending and qualifying Wundt's work.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Journal of Neuroscience, Psychology, and Economics",
"paragraph_text": "The Journal of Neuroscience, Psychology, and Economics is a peer-reviewed academic journal published by the American Psychological Association. It publishes original research dealing with the application of psychological theories and/or neuroscientific methods to business and economics and, therefore, is at the core of research in neuroeconomics, decision neuroscience, and consumer neuroscience. It is currently edited by Samuel M. McClure (Arizona State University).",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
Who was first president of the publisher of History of Psychology?
|
[
{
"id": 649915,
"question": "History of Psychology >> publisher",
"answer": "American Psychological Association",
"paragraph_support_idx": 12
},
{
"id": 14904,
"question": "Who was the first president of #1 ?",
"answer": "G. Stanley Hall",
"paragraph_support_idx": 8
}
] |
G. Stanley Hall
|
[
"Stanley Hall"
] | true |
2hop__789909_14904
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Experimental psychology",
"paragraph_text": "Experimental psychology was introduced into the United States by George Trumbull Ladd, who founded Yale University's psychological laboratory in 1879. In 1887, Ladd published Elements of Physiological Psychology, the first American textbook that extensively discussed experimental psychology. Between Ladd's founding of the Yale Laboratory and his textbook, the center of experimental psychology in the US shifted to Johns Hopkins University, where George Hall and Charles Sanders Peirce were extending and qualifying Wundt's work.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "History of psychology",
"paragraph_text": "In 1879 Charles Sanders Peirce was hired as a philosophy instructor at Johns Hopkins University. Although better known for his astronomical and philosophical work, Peirce also conducted what are perhaps the first American psychology experiments, on the subject of color vision, published in 1877 in the American Journal of Science (see Cadwallader, 1974). Peirce and his student Joseph Jastrow published ``On Small Differences in Sensation ''in the Memoirs of the National Academy of Sciences, in 1884. In 1882, Peirce was joined at Johns Hopkins by G. Stanley Hall, who opened the first American research laboratory devoted to experimental psychology in 1883. Peirce was forced out of his position by scandal and Hall was awarded the only professorship in philosophy at Johns Hopkins. In 1887 Hall founded the American Journal of Psychology, which published work primarily emanating from his own laboratory. In 1888 Hall left his Johns Hopkins professorship for the presidency of the newly founded Clark University, where he remained for the rest of his career.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Adolescence",
"paragraph_text": "The formal study of adolescent psychology began with the publication of G. Stanley Hall's \"Adolescence in 1904.\" Hall, who was the first president of the American Psychological Association, viewed adolescence primarily as a time of internal turmoil and upheaval (sturm und drang). This understanding of youth was based on two then new ways of understanding human behavior: Darwin's evolutionary theory and Freud's psychodynamic theory. He believed that adolescence was a representation of our human ancestors' phylogenetic shift from being primitive to being civilized. Hall's assertions stood relatively uncontested until the 1950s when psychologists such as Erik Erikson and Anna Freud started to formulate their theories about adolescence. Freud believed that the psychological disturbances associated with youth were biologically based and culturally universal while Erikson focused on the dichotomy between identity formation and role fulfillment. Even with their different theories, these three psychologists agreed that adolescence was inherently a time of disturbance and psychological confusion. The less turbulent aspects of adolescence, such as peer relations and cultural influence, were left largely ignored until the 1980s. From the '50s until the '80s, the focus of the field was mainly on describing patterns of behavior as opposed to explaining them.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "The Farm (Smith novel)",
"paragraph_text": "The Farm (2014) is a psychological thriller novel by Tom Rob Smith. Set in London and Sweden, it is Smith's fourth published work and his first standalone novel.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology",
"paragraph_text": "Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal published by the American Psychological Association on behalf of the Canadian Psychological Association in collaboration with the Canadian Society for Brain, Behaviour, and Cognitive Science. It was established in 1947 and covers experimental psychology. Articles are published in English or French. The editor-in-chief is Randall K. Jamieson (University of Manitoba).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "The Blunderer",
"paragraph_text": "The Blunderer is a psychological thriller by Patricia Highsmith, first published in 1954 by Coward-McCann. It was third of her 22 novels, the second published under her own name.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Wilhelm Wundt",
"paragraph_text": "Wilhelm Maximilian Wundt (German: (vʊnt); 16 August 1832 -- 31 August 1920) was a German physician, physiologist, philosopher, and professor, known today as one of the founding figures of modern psychology. Wundt, who noted psychology as a science apart from philosophy and biology, was the first person ever to call himself a psychologist. He is widely regarded as the ``father of experimental psychology ''. In 1879, Wundt founded the first formal laboratory for psychological research at the University of Leipzig. This marked psychology as an independent field of study. By creating this laboratory he was able to establish psychology as a separate science from other topics. He also formed the first academic journal for psychological research, Philosophische Studien (from 1881 to 1902), set up to publish the Institute's research.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Journal of Neuroscience, Psychology, and Economics",
"paragraph_text": "The Journal of Neuroscience, Psychology, and Economics is a peer-reviewed academic journal published by the American Psychological Association. It publishes original research dealing with the application of psychological theories and/or neuroscientific methods to business and economics and, therefore, is at the core of research in neuroeconomics, decision neuroscience, and consumer neuroscience. It is currently edited by Samuel M. McClure (Arizona State University).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Journal of Psychohistory",
"paragraph_text": "The Journal of Psychohistory is a journal in the field of psychohistory, edited by Lloyd deMause and published by the Institute for Psychohistory. It aims to provide \"a new psychological view of world events — past and present\". The journal is published quarterly and contains subjects such as childhood and the family (especially child abuse), psychobiography with extensive childhood material, political psychology and psychological studies of anthropology.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Asian American Journal of Psychology",
"paragraph_text": "The Asian American Journal of Psychology is a peer-reviewed academic journal published by the American Psychological Association on behalf of the Asian American Psychological Association. The journal \"is dedicated to research, practice, advocacy, education, and policy within Asian American psychology.\" The editor-in-chief is Bryan S. K. Kim (University of Hawaii at Hilo).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Journal of Family Psychology",
"paragraph_text": "The Journal of Family Psychology is a peer-reviewed academic journal published by the American Psychological Association. It was established in 1987 and covers research in family psychology. The current editor-in-chief is Barbara H. Fiese.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "The Journal of Social Psychology",
"paragraph_text": "The Journal of Social Psychology is a bimonthly academic journal covering social psychology published by Routledge, who acquired it from Heldref Publications in 2009. The journal was established in 1929 by John Dewey and Carl Murchison. It covers all areas of basic and applied social psychology. The journal was subtitled \"Political, Racial and Differential Psychology\" until changing its name in 1949.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science",
"paragraph_text": "The Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal published by the American Psychological Association on behalf of the Canadian Psychological Association. The editor-in-chief is Allison J. Ouimet (University of Ottawa). The journal was established in 1969 and covers all aspects of psychology.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Bruno Klopfer Award",
"paragraph_text": "The Bruno Klopfer Award is an award for lifetime achievement in personality psychology managed by the Society for Personality Assessment. It is the Society's most prestigious award and is named after the Society's founder Bruno Klopfer.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "World Health Report",
"paragraph_text": "The World Health Report (WHR) is a series of reports produced regularly by the World Health Organization (WHO). First published in 1995, the \"World Health Report\" is WHO's leading publication. Published annually or biennially in multiple languages, each report includes an expert assessment of a specific global health topic, relating to all countries that are Member States of the organization.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Psychological Assessment (journal)",
"paragraph_text": "Psychological Assessment is a peer-reviewed academic journal published by the American Psychological Association. It was established in 1989 and covers research in clinical psychology. The current editor-in-chief is Yossef S. Ben-Porath (Kent State University).",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Wilhelm Wundt",
"paragraph_text": "Wilhelm Maximilian Wundt (/ vʊnt /; German: (vʊnt); 16 August 1832 -- 31 August 1920) was a German physician, physiologist, philosopher, and professor, known today as one of the founding figures of modern psychology. Wundt, who noted psychology as a science apart from philosophy and biology, was the first person ever to call himself a psychologist. He is widely regarded as the ``founder & father of experimental psychology ''. In 1879, Wundt founded the first formal laboratory for psychological research at the University of Leipzig. This marked psychology as an independent field of study. By creating this laboratory he was able to establish psychology as a separate science from other disciplines. He also formed the first academic journal for psychological research, Philosophische Studien (from 1881 to 1902), set up to publish the Institute's research.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "George R. Klare",
"paragraph_text": "George R. Klare (1922–2006) was a World War II veteran and a distinguished professor of psychology and dean at Ohio University. His major contribution was in the field of readability. From the beginning of the 20th century, the assessment of the grade level of texts for different grades of readers was a central concern of reading research. It was well known that without correctly graded texts, readers would not improve their reading skill. There were over 1,000 published studies on this topic. Klare's contribution to that effort came both in his critical reviews of the studies and his participation in original research.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion",
"paragraph_text": "The Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion (\"JSSR\") is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal published by Wiley-Blackwell in the United States of America under the auspices of the Society for the Scientific Study of Religion, dedicated to publishing scholarly articles in the social sciences, including psychology, sociology and anthropology, devoted to the study of religion. It is not a theology journal, as its publications tend to be empirical papers in the aforementioned disciplines, rather than papers assessing the truth or falsity, or otherwise attempting to clarify, theological doctrines. However, the eminent theologian Paul Tillich wrote a preface to the first edition, published in 1961. A former editor, Ralph W. Hood, is a major name in the psychology of religion, having published scales to assess religious experience and mystical experience. Hood was succeeded as editor in 1999 by Ted Jelen, the first ever political scientist to edit the journal. Jelen was later succeeded as editor by sociologist Rhys Williams. The current editor of the journal is Tobin Grant (Southern Illinois University Carbondale).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Psychological Injury and Law",
"paragraph_text": "Psychological Injury and Law is a peer-reviewed academic journal published by Springer Science+Business Media on behalf of the Association for Scientific Advancement in Psychological Injury and Law. It was established in 2008 and the editor-in-chief is Gerald Young (York University). The journal covers forensic psychology, especially the interaction of psychology and law in the area of trauma and injury.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
Who was the first president of the publisher of Psychological Assessment?
|
[
{
"id": 789909,
"question": "Psychological Assessment >> publisher",
"answer": "American Psychological Association",
"paragraph_support_idx": 15
},
{
"id": 14904,
"question": "Who was the first president of #1 ?",
"answer": "G. Stanley Hall",
"paragraph_support_idx": 2
}
] |
G. Stanley Hall
|
[
"Stanley Hall"
] | true |
2hop__370765_14904
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "The Farm (Smith novel)",
"paragraph_text": "The Farm (2014) is a psychological thriller novel by Tom Rob Smith. Set in London and Sweden, it is Smith's fourth published work and his first standalone novel.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology",
"paragraph_text": "Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal published by the American Psychological Association on behalf of the Canadian Psychological Association in collaboration with the Canadian Society for Brain, Behaviour, and Cognitive Science. It was established in 1947 and covers experimental psychology. Articles are published in English or French. The editor-in-chief is Randall K. Jamieson (University of Manitoba).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Journal of Family Psychology",
"paragraph_text": "The Journal of Family Psychology is a peer-reviewed academic journal published by the American Psychological Association. It was established in 1987 and covers research in family psychology. The current editor-in-chief is Barbara H. Fiese.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Hanna Segal",
"paragraph_text": "Hanna Segal (born Hanna Poznanska; 20 August 1918 – 5 July 2011) was a British psychoanalyst and a follower of Melanie Klein. She was president of the British Psychoanalytical Society, vice-president of the International Psychoanalytical Association, and was appointed to the Freud Memorial Chair at University College, London (UCL) in 1987. James Grotstein considered that \"Received wisdom suggests that she is the doyen of \"classical\" Kleinian thinking and technique.\" Sue Lawley described her as \"one of the most distinguished psychological theorists of our time,\"",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Raymond de Saussure",
"paragraph_text": "Raymond de Saussure was born in Geneva, the son of the linguist Ferdinand de Saussure. He underwent analysis with Sigmund Freud. He was a founding member of the Paris Psychoanalytic Society before spending time at the Berlin Psychoanalytic Institute undergoing analysis with Franz Alexander. During and after the Second World War he lived in New York City; in 1952, Saussure returned to Switzerland from the United States. He founded the Geneva Museum of the History of Science with Marc Cramer and others in 1955. He founded the European Psychoanalytic Federation with Wilhelm Solms-Rödelheim in 1966, and served as its president until his death.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Alan A. Stone",
"paragraph_text": "Stone graduated from Harvard College in 1950, where he majored in psychology and played on the Varsity Football team []. He studied at the Boston Psychoanalytic Institute and earned his M.D. from Yale Medical School in 1955. He pursued his joint interest in the intersection of law, psychology, and psychiatry first as a lecturer at Harvard Law School in 1969, and later through a joint appointment with Harvard Medical School in 1972. In 1978, he was awarded a Guggenheim Fellowship. He later lectured at Stanford before returning to Harvard.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Wilhelm Wundt",
"paragraph_text": "Wilhelm Maximilian Wundt (German: (vʊnt); 16 August 1832 -- 31 August 1920) was a German physician, physiologist, philosopher, and professor, known today as one of the founding figures of modern psychology. Wundt, who noted psychology as a science apart from philosophy and biology, was the first person ever to call himself a psychologist. He is widely regarded as the ``father of experimental psychology ''. In 1879, Wundt founded the first formal laboratory for psychological research at the University of Leipzig. This marked psychology as an independent field of study. By creating this laboratory he was able to establish psychology as a separate science from other topics. He also formed the first academic journal for psychological research, Philosophische Studien (from 1881 to 1902), set up to publish the Institute's research.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Psychoanalytic theory",
"paragraph_text": "Psychoanalytic theory is the theory of personality organization and the dynamics of personality development that guides psychoanalysis, a clinical method for treating psychopathology. First laid out by Sigmund Freud in the late 19th century, psychoanalytic theory has undergone many refinements since his work. Psychoanalytic theory came to full prominence in the last third of the twentieth century as part of the flow of critical discourse regarding psychological treatments after the 1960s, long after Freud's death in 1939, and its validity is now widely disputed or rejected. Freud had ceased his analysis of the brain and his physiological studies and shifted his focus to the study of the mind and the related psychological attributes making up the mind, and on treatment using free association and the phenomena of transference. His study emphasized the recognition of childhood events that could influence the mental functioning of adults. His examination of the genetic and then the developmental aspects gave the psychoanalytic theory its characteristics. Starting with his publication of The Interpretation of Dreams in 1899, his theories began to gain prominence.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Judith Viorst",
"paragraph_text": "Viorst is a 1952 graduate of the Newark College of Arts and Sciences at Rutgers University in Newark, New Jersey. In 1968, Viorst signed the \"Writers and Editors War Tax Protest\" pledge, vowing to refuse tax payments in protest against the Vietnam War. In the latter part of the 1970s, after two decades of writing for children and adults, she turned to the study of Freudian psychology. In 1981, she became a research graduate at Washington Psychoanalytic Institute after six years of study.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Psychoanalytic Psychology (journal)",
"paragraph_text": "Psychoanalytic Psychology is a peer-reviewed academic journal published by Division 39 of the American Psychological Association. It was established in 1984 and covers research in psychoanalysis. The current editor-in-chief is Christopher Christian of the City University of New York.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Wilhelm Wundt",
"paragraph_text": "Wilhelm Maximilian Wundt (/ vʊnt /; German: (vʊnt); 16 August 1832 -- 31 August 1920) was a German physician, physiologist, philosopher, and professor, known today as one of the founding figures of modern psychology. Wundt, who noted psychology as a science apart from philosophy and biology, was the first person ever to call himself a psychologist. He is widely regarded as the ``founder & father of experimental psychology ''. In 1879, Wundt founded the first formal laboratory for psychological research at the University of Leipzig. This marked psychology as an independent field of study. By creating this laboratory he was able to establish psychology as a separate science from other disciplines. He also formed the first academic journal for psychological research, Philosophische Studien (from 1881 to 1902), set up to publish the Institute's research.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Humanistic psychology",
"paragraph_text": "Humanistic psychology is a psychological perspective that rose to prominence in the mid-20th century in answer to the limitations of Sigmund Freud's psychoanalytic theory and B.F. Skinner's behaviorism. With its roots running from Socrates through the Renaissance, this approach emphasizes individuals' inherent drive towards self - actualization, the process of realizing and expressing one's own capabilities and creativity.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Experimental psychology",
"paragraph_text": "Experimental psychology was introduced into the United States by George Trumbull Ladd, who founded Yale University's psychological laboratory in 1879. In 1887, Ladd published Elements of Physiological Psychology, the first American textbook that extensively discussed experimental psychology. Between Ladd's founding of the Yale Laboratory and his textbook, the center of experimental psychology in the US shifted to Johns Hopkins University, where George Hall and Charles Sanders Peirce were extending and qualifying Wundt's work.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Journal of Psychohistory",
"paragraph_text": "The Journal of Psychohistory is a journal in the field of psychohistory, edited by Lloyd deMause and published by the Institute for Psychohistory. It aims to provide \"a new psychological view of world events — past and present\". The journal is published quarterly and contains subjects such as childhood and the family (especially child abuse), psychobiography with extensive childhood material, political psychology and psychological studies of anthropology.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Humanism",
"paragraph_text": "Humanistic psychology is a psychological perspective which rose to prominence in the mid-20th century in response to Sigmund Freud's psychoanalytic theory and B. F. Skinner's Behaviorism. The approach emphasizes an individual's inherent drive towards self-actualization and creativity. Psychologists Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow introduced a positive, humanistic psychology in response to what they viewed as the overly pessimistic view of psychoanalysis in the early 1960s. Other sources include the philosophies of existentialism and phenomenology.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "History of psychology",
"paragraph_text": "In 1879 Charles Sanders Peirce was hired as a philosophy instructor at Johns Hopkins University. Although better known for his astronomical and philosophical work, Peirce also conducted what are perhaps the first American psychology experiments, on the subject of color vision, published in 1877 in the American Journal of Science (see Cadwallader, 1974). Peirce and his student Joseph Jastrow published ``On Small Differences in Sensation ''in the Memoirs of the National Academy of Sciences, in 1884. In 1882, Peirce was joined at Johns Hopkins by G. Stanley Hall, who opened the first American research laboratory devoted to experimental psychology in 1883. Peirce was forced out of his position by scandal and Hall was awarded the only professorship in philosophy at Johns Hopkins. In 1887 Hall founded the American Journal of Psychology, which published work primarily emanating from his own laboratory. In 1888 Hall left his Johns Hopkins professorship for the presidency of the newly founded Clark University, where he remained for the rest of his career.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "The Blunderer",
"paragraph_text": "The Blunderer is a psychological thriller by Patricia Highsmith, first published in 1954 by Coward-McCann. It was third of her 22 novels, the second published under her own name.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Adolescence",
"paragraph_text": "The formal study of adolescent psychology began with the publication of G. Stanley Hall's \"Adolescence in 1904.\" Hall, who was the first president of the American Psychological Association, viewed adolescence primarily as a time of internal turmoil and upheaval (sturm und drang). This understanding of youth was based on two then new ways of understanding human behavior: Darwin's evolutionary theory and Freud's psychodynamic theory. He believed that adolescence was a representation of our human ancestors' phylogenetic shift from being primitive to being civilized. Hall's assertions stood relatively uncontested until the 1950s when psychologists such as Erik Erikson and Anna Freud started to formulate their theories about adolescence. Freud believed that the psychological disturbances associated with youth were biologically based and culturally universal while Erikson focused on the dichotomy between identity formation and role fulfillment. Even with their different theories, these three psychologists agreed that adolescence was inherently a time of disturbance and psychological confusion. The less turbulent aspects of adolescence, such as peer relations and cultural influence, were left largely ignored until the 1980s. From the '50s until the '80s, the focus of the field was mainly on describing patterns of behavior as opposed to explaining them.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Hubert Benoit (psychotherapist)",
"paragraph_text": "Hubert Benoit (1904–1992) was a 20th-century French psychotherapist whose work foreshadowed subsequent developments in integral psychology and integral spirituality. His special interest and contribution lay in developing a pioneering form of psychotherapy which integrated a psychoanalytic perspective with insights derived from Eastern spiritual disciplines, in particular from Ch'an and Zen Buddhism. He stressed the part played by the spiritual ignorance of Western culture in the emergence and persistence of much underlying distress. He used concepts derived from psychoanalysis to explain the defences against this fundamental unease, and emphasised the importance of an analytic, preparatory phase, while warning against what he regarded as the psychoanalytic overemphasis on specific causal precursors of symptomatology. He demonstrated parallels between aspects of Zen training and the experience of psychoanalysis. He constructed an account in contemporary psychological terms of the crucial Zen concept of satori and its emergence in the individual.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Social psychology",
"paragraph_text": "The first published study in this area was an experiment in 1898 by Norman Triplett, on the phenomenon of social facilitation. During the 1930s, many Gestalt psychologists, most notably Kurt Lewin, fled to the United States from Nazi Germany. They were instrumental in developing the field as something separate from the behavioral and psychoanalytic schools that were dominant during that time, and social psychology has always maintained the legacy of their interests in perception and cognition. Attitudes and small group phenomena were the most commonly studied topics in this era.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
Who was the first president of the group that publishes the journal Psychoanalytic Psychology?
|
[
{
"id": 370765,
"question": "Psychoanalytic Psychology >> publisher",
"answer": "American Psychological Association",
"paragraph_support_idx": 9
},
{
"id": 14904,
"question": "Who was the first president of #1 ?",
"answer": "G. Stanley Hall",
"paragraph_support_idx": 17
}
] |
G. Stanley Hall
|
[
"Stanley Hall"
] | true |
2hop__151351_14904
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion",
"paragraph_text": "The Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion (\"JSSR\") is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal published by Wiley-Blackwell in the United States of America under the auspices of the Society for the Scientific Study of Religion, dedicated to publishing scholarly articles in the social sciences, including psychology, sociology and anthropology, devoted to the study of religion. It is not a theology journal, as its publications tend to be empirical papers in the aforementioned disciplines, rather than papers assessing the truth or falsity, or otherwise attempting to clarify, theological doctrines. However, the eminent theologian Paul Tillich wrote a preface to the first edition, published in 1961. A former editor, Ralph W. Hood, is a major name in the psychology of religion, having published scales to assess religious experience and mystical experience. Hood was succeeded as editor in 1999 by Ted Jelen, the first ever political scientist to edit the journal. Jelen was later succeeded as editor by sociologist Rhys Williams. The current editor of the journal is Tobin Grant (Southern Illinois University Carbondale).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "The Journal of Social Psychology",
"paragraph_text": "The Journal of Social Psychology is a bimonthly academic journal covering social psychology published by Routledge, who acquired it from Heldref Publications in 2009. The journal was established in 1929 by John Dewey and Carl Murchison. It covers all areas of basic and applied social psychology. The journal was subtitled \"Political, Racial and Differential Psychology\" until changing its name in 1949.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Asian American Journal of Psychology",
"paragraph_text": "The Asian American Journal of Psychology is a peer-reviewed academic journal published by the American Psychological Association on behalf of the Asian American Psychological Association. The journal \"is dedicated to research, practice, advocacy, education, and policy within Asian American psychology.\" The editor-in-chief is Bryan S. K. Kim (University of Hawaii at Hilo).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science",
"paragraph_text": "The Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal published by the American Psychological Association on behalf of the Canadian Psychological Association. The editor-in-chief is Allison J. Ouimet (University of Ottawa). The journal was established in 1969 and covers all aspects of psychology.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Psychological Injury and Law",
"paragraph_text": "Psychological Injury and Law is a peer-reviewed academic journal published by Springer Science+Business Media on behalf of the Association for Scientific Advancement in Psychological Injury and Law. It was established in 2008 and the editor-in-chief is Gerald Young (York University). The journal covers forensic psychology, especially the interaction of psychology and law in the area of trauma and injury.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology",
"paragraph_text": "The Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology is a monthly academic journal published by the American Psychological Association. Its focus is on treatment and prevention in all areas of clinical and clinical-health psychology and especially on topics that appeal to a broad clinical-scientist and practitioner audience. The editor-in-chief is Joanne Davila (Stony Brook University).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "British Journal of Clinical Psychology",
"paragraph_text": "The British Journal of Clinical Psychology is a medical journal published by Wiley-Blackwell on behalf of the British Psychological Society covering topics in clinical psychology. It was established in 1981, when the \"British Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology\" split in two parts, the other being \"British Journal of Social Psychology\". The editor-in-chief is Jessica Grisham (University of New South Wales). According to the \"Journal Citation Reports\", the journal has a 2018 impact factor of 2.672, ranking it 38th out of 130 journals in the category \"Psychology, Clinical\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Psychological Methods",
"paragraph_text": "Psychological Methods is a peer-reviewed academic journal published by the American Psychological Association. It was established in 1996 and covers \"the development and dissemination of methods for collecting, analyzing, understanding, and interpreting psychological data\". The editor-in-chief is Lisa Harlow (University of Rhode Island).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Journal of Psychohistory",
"paragraph_text": "The Journal of Psychohistory is a journal in the field of psychohistory, edited by Lloyd deMause and published by the Institute for Psychohistory. It aims to provide \"a new psychological view of world events — past and present\". The journal is published quarterly and contains subjects such as childhood and the family (especially child abuse), psychobiography with extensive childhood material, political psychology and psychological studies of anthropology.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology",
"paragraph_text": "Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal published by the American Psychological Association on behalf of the Canadian Psychological Association in collaboration with the Canadian Society for Brain, Behaviour, and Cognitive Science. It was established in 1947 and covers experimental psychology. Articles are published in English or French. The editor-in-chief is Randall K. Jamieson (University of Manitoba).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Journal of Latinx Psychology",
"paragraph_text": "The Journal of Latinx Psychology, formerly the Journal of Latina/o Psychology, is a peer-reviewed academic journal published by the American Psychological Association on behalf of The National Latinx Psychological Association. The journal was established in 2012 and includes articles on \"research, practice, advocacy, education, and policy relevant to Latino communities.\" The previous editor-in-chief was Azara Santiago-Rivera of The Chicago School of Professional Psychology. The current editor is Esteban Cardemil of Clark University.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Journal of Neuroscience, Psychology, and Economics",
"paragraph_text": "The Journal of Neuroscience, Psychology, and Economics is a peer-reviewed academic journal published by the American Psychological Association. It publishes original research dealing with the application of psychological theories and/or neuroscientific methods to business and economics and, therefore, is at the core of research in neuroeconomics, decision neuroscience, and consumer neuroscience. It is currently edited by Samuel M. McClure (Arizona State University).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology",
"paragraph_text": "The Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology was a peer-reviewed academic journal published by the American Psychological Association. It was established in 1921 as the result of a merger between two journals, \"Psychobiology\" (1918-1920) and the \"Journal of Animal Behavior\" (1911-1916), under the title \"Journal of Comparative Psychology\". It was renamed \"Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology\" in 1947. Publication ceased in 1982 when the journal was split into \"Behavioral Neuroscience\" and the re-instated \"Journal of Comparative Psychology\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Journal of Personality and Social Psychology",
"paragraph_text": "The Journal of Personality and Social Psychology is a monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal published by the American Psychological Association that was established in 1965. It covers the fields of social and personality psychology. The editors-in-chief are Shinobu Kitayama (University of Michigan; \"Attitudes and Social Cognition Section\"), Kerry Kawakami (York University; \"Interpersonal Relations and Group Processes Section\"), and M. Lynne Cooper (University of Missouri; \"Personality Processes and Individual Differences Section\").",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience",
"paragraph_text": "Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience is a bimonthly peer-reviewed scientific journal covering social neuroscience published by Oxford University Press. Its focus is on empirical research reports. According to the \"Journal Citation Reports\", its 2014 impact factor was 7.372, ranking it second out of 84 journals in the category \"Psychology, Experimental\", 7th out of 75 journals in the category \"Psychology\", and 24th out of 243 journals in the category \"Neurosciences\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Journal of Abnormal Psychology",
"paragraph_text": "The Journal of Abnormal Psychology is a peer-reviewed academic journal published by the American Psychological Association (APA). The journal has been in publication for over 110 years, and it is considered to be a \"preeminent outlet for research in psychopathology\".",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "History of psychology",
"paragraph_text": "In 1879 Charles Sanders Peirce was hired as a philosophy instructor at Johns Hopkins University. Although better known for his astronomical and philosophical work, Peirce also conducted what are perhaps the first American psychology experiments, on the subject of color vision, published in 1877 in the American Journal of Science (see Cadwallader, 1974). Peirce and his student Joseph Jastrow published ``On Small Differences in Sensation ''in the Memoirs of the National Academy of Sciences, in 1884. In 1882, Peirce was joined at Johns Hopkins by G. Stanley Hall, who opened the first American research laboratory devoted to experimental psychology in 1883. Peirce was forced out of his position by scandal and Hall was awarded the only professorship in philosophy at Johns Hopkins. In 1887 Hall founded the American Journal of Psychology, which published work primarily emanating from his own laboratory. In 1888 Hall left his Johns Hopkins professorship for the presidency of the newly founded Clark University, where he remained for the rest of his career.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Psychology of Aesthetics, Creativity, and the Arts",
"paragraph_text": "Psychology of Aesthetics, Creativity, and the Arts is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal published by the American Psychological Association. The journal covers research on the psychology of the production and appreciation of the arts and all aspects of creative endeavor. The current editors-in-chief are Roni Reiter-Palmon and Pablo Tinio. The founding co-editors of the journal were Jeffrey Smith, Lisa Smith, and James C. Kaufman.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Adolescence",
"paragraph_text": "The formal study of adolescent psychology began with the publication of G. Stanley Hall's \"Adolescence in 1904.\" Hall, who was the first president of the American Psychological Association, viewed adolescence primarily as a time of internal turmoil and upheaval (sturm und drang). This understanding of youth was based on two then new ways of understanding human behavior: Darwin's evolutionary theory and Freud's psychodynamic theory. He believed that adolescence was a representation of our human ancestors' phylogenetic shift from being primitive to being civilized. Hall's assertions stood relatively uncontested until the 1950s when psychologists such as Erik Erikson and Anna Freud started to formulate their theories about adolescence. Freud believed that the psychological disturbances associated with youth were biologically based and culturally universal while Erikson focused on the dichotomy between identity formation and role fulfillment. Even with their different theories, these three psychologists agreed that adolescence was inherently a time of disturbance and psychological confusion. The less turbulent aspects of adolescence, such as peer relations and cultural influence, were left largely ignored until the 1980s. From the '50s until the '80s, the focus of the field was mainly on describing patterns of behavior as opposed to explaining them.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Journal of Family Psychology",
"paragraph_text": "The Journal of Family Psychology is a peer-reviewed academic journal published by the American Psychological Association. It was established in 1987 and covers research in family psychology. The current editor-in-chief is Barbara H. Fiese.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
Who was the first president of the publisher of Journal of Abnormal Psychology?
|
[
{
"id": 151351,
"question": "Who published Journal of Abnormal Psychology?",
"answer": "American Psychological Association",
"paragraph_support_idx": 15
},
{
"id": 14904,
"question": "Who was the first president of #1 ?",
"answer": "G. Stanley Hall",
"paragraph_support_idx": 18
}
] |
G. Stanley Hall
|
[
"Stanley Hall"
] | true |
2hop__795582_14904
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Psychological Injury and Law",
"paragraph_text": "Psychological Injury and Law is a peer-reviewed academic journal published by Springer Science+Business Media on behalf of the Association for Scientific Advancement in Psychological Injury and Law. It was established in 2008 and the editor-in-chief is Gerald Young (York University). The journal covers forensic psychology, especially the interaction of psychology and law in the area of trauma and injury.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Psychology of Violence",
"paragraph_text": "Psychology of Violence is a peer-reviewed academic journal published by the American Psychological Association. It was established in 2010 and covers research on \"identifying the causes of violence from a psychological framework, finding ways to prevent or reduce violence, and developing practical interventions and treatments\". The current editor-in-chief is Antonia Abbey (Wayne State University).",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Journal of Latinx Psychology",
"paragraph_text": "The Journal of Latinx Psychology, formerly the Journal of Latina/o Psychology, is a peer-reviewed academic journal published by the American Psychological Association on behalf of The National Latinx Psychological Association. The journal was established in 2012 and includes articles on \"research, practice, advocacy, education, and policy relevant to Latino communities.\" The previous editor-in-chief was Azara Santiago-Rivera of The Chicago School of Professional Psychology. The current editor is Esteban Cardemil of Clark University.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Experimental psychology",
"paragraph_text": "Experimental psychology was introduced into the United States by George Trumbull Ladd, who founded Yale University's psychological laboratory in 1879. In 1887, Ladd published Elements of Physiological Psychology, the first American textbook that extensively discussed experimental psychology. Between Ladd's founding of the Yale Laboratory and his textbook, the center of experimental psychology in the US shifted to Johns Hopkins University, where George Hall and Charles Sanders Peirce were extending and qualifying Wundt's work.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "The Journal of Social Psychology",
"paragraph_text": "The Journal of Social Psychology is a bimonthly academic journal covering social psychology published by Routledge, who acquired it from Heldref Publications in 2009. The journal was established in 1929 by John Dewey and Carl Murchison. It covers all areas of basic and applied social psychology. The journal was subtitled \"Political, Racial and Differential Psychology\" until changing its name in 1949.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "The Farm (Smith novel)",
"paragraph_text": "The Farm (2014) is a psychological thriller novel by Tom Rob Smith. Set in London and Sweden, it is Smith's fourth published work and his first standalone novel.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "The Disowned Self",
"paragraph_text": "The Disowned Self is a book written by Nathaniel Branden in 1971 and published in 1972. It was Branden's third book in the area of psychology (preceded by \"The Psychology of Self-Esteem\" and \"Breaking Free\").",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Journal of Family Psychology",
"paragraph_text": "The Journal of Family Psychology is a peer-reviewed academic journal published by the American Psychological Association. It was established in 1987 and covers research in family psychology. The current editor-in-chief is Barbara H. Fiese.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Fist, Stick, Knife, Gun",
"paragraph_text": "Fist Stick Knife Gun: A Personal History of Violence is a memoir by Geoffrey Canada, an American social activist who is the current president and chief executive officer of Harlem Children's Zone. Beacon Press published the book on January 31, 1995.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Wilhelm Wundt",
"paragraph_text": "Wilhelm Maximilian Wundt (German: (vʊnt); 16 August 1832 -- 31 August 1920) was a German physician, physiologist, philosopher, and professor, known today as one of the founding figures of modern psychology. Wundt, who noted psychology as a science apart from philosophy and biology, was the first person ever to call himself a psychologist. He is widely regarded as the ``father of experimental psychology ''. In 1879, Wundt founded the first formal laboratory for psychological research at the University of Leipzig. This marked psychology as an independent field of study. By creating this laboratory he was able to establish psychology as a separate science from other topics. He also formed the first academic journal for psychological research, Philosophische Studien (from 1881 to 1902), set up to publish the Institute's research.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology",
"paragraph_text": "Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal published by the American Psychological Association on behalf of the Canadian Psychological Association in collaboration with the Canadian Society for Brain, Behaviour, and Cognitive Science. It was established in 1947 and covers experimental psychology. Articles are published in English or French. The editor-in-chief is Randall K. Jamieson (University of Manitoba).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Adolescence",
"paragraph_text": "The formal study of adolescent psychology began with the publication of G. Stanley Hall's \"Adolescence in 1904.\" Hall, who was the first president of the American Psychological Association, viewed adolescence primarily as a time of internal turmoil and upheaval (sturm und drang). This understanding of youth was based on two then new ways of understanding human behavior: Darwin's evolutionary theory and Freud's psychodynamic theory. He believed that adolescence was a representation of our human ancestors' phylogenetic shift from being primitive to being civilized. Hall's assertions stood relatively uncontested until the 1950s when psychologists such as Erik Erikson and Anna Freud started to formulate their theories about adolescence. Freud believed that the psychological disturbances associated with youth were biologically based and culturally universal while Erikson focused on the dichotomy between identity formation and role fulfillment. Even with their different theories, these three psychologists agreed that adolescence was inherently a time of disturbance and psychological confusion. The less turbulent aspects of adolescence, such as peer relations and cultural influence, were left largely ignored until the 1980s. From the '50s until the '80s, the focus of the field was mainly on describing patterns of behavior as opposed to explaining them.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Psychological Methods",
"paragraph_text": "Psychological Methods is a peer-reviewed academic journal published by the American Psychological Association. It was established in 1996 and covers \"the development and dissemination of methods for collecting, analyzing, understanding, and interpreting psychological data\". The editor-in-chief is Lisa Harlow (University of Rhode Island).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "History of psychology",
"paragraph_text": "In 1879 Charles Sanders Peirce was hired as a philosophy instructor at Johns Hopkins University. Although better known for his astronomical and philosophical work, Peirce also conducted what are perhaps the first American psychology experiments, on the subject of color vision, published in 1877 in the American Journal of Science (see Cadwallader, 1974). Peirce and his student Joseph Jastrow published ``On Small Differences in Sensation ''in the Memoirs of the National Academy of Sciences, in 1884. In 1882, Peirce was joined at Johns Hopkins by G. Stanley Hall, who opened the first American research laboratory devoted to experimental psychology in 1883. Peirce was forced out of his position by scandal and Hall was awarded the only professorship in philosophy at Johns Hopkins. In 1887 Hall founded the American Journal of Psychology, which published work primarily emanating from his own laboratory. In 1888 Hall left his Johns Hopkins professorship for the presidency of the newly founded Clark University, where he remained for the rest of his career.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Journal of Psychohistory",
"paragraph_text": "The Journal of Psychohistory is a journal in the field of psychohistory, edited by Lloyd deMause and published by the Institute for Psychohistory. It aims to provide \"a new psychological view of world events — past and present\". The journal is published quarterly and contains subjects such as childhood and the family (especially child abuse), psychobiography with extensive childhood material, political psychology and psychological studies of anthropology.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Genocide",
"paragraph_text": "Other authors have focused on the structural conditions leading up to genocide and the psychological and social processes that create an evolution toward genocide. Ervin Staub showed that economic deterioration and political confusion and disorganization were starting points of increasing discrimination and violence in many instances of genocides and mass killing. They lead to scapegoating a group and ideologies that identified that group as an enemy. A history of devaluation of the group that becomes the victim, past violence against the group that becomes the perpetrator leading to psychological wounds, authoritarian cultures and political systems, and the passivity of internal and external witnesses (bystanders) all contribute to the probability that the violence develops into genocide. Intense conflict between groups that is unresolved, becomes intractable and violent can also lead to genocide. The conditions that lead to genocide provide guidance to early prevention, such as humanizing a devalued group, creating ideologies that embrace all groups, and activating bystander responses. There is substantial research to indicate how this can be done, but information is only slowly transformed into action.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Wilhelm Wundt",
"paragraph_text": "Wilhelm Maximilian Wundt (/ vʊnt /; German: (vʊnt); 16 August 1832 -- 31 August 1920) was a German physician, physiologist, philosopher, and professor, known today as one of the founding figures of modern psychology. Wundt, who noted psychology as a science apart from philosophy and biology, was the first person ever to call himself a psychologist. He is widely regarded as the ``founder & father of experimental psychology ''. In 1879, Wundt founded the first formal laboratory for psychological research at the University of Leipzig. This marked psychology as an independent field of study. By creating this laboratory he was able to establish psychology as a separate science from other disciplines. He also formed the first academic journal for psychological research, Philosophische Studien (from 1881 to 1902), set up to publish the Institute's research.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science",
"paragraph_text": "The Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal published by the American Psychological Association on behalf of the Canadian Psychological Association. The editor-in-chief is Allison J. Ouimet (University of Ottawa). The journal was established in 1969 and covers all aspects of psychology.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology",
"paragraph_text": "The Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology was a peer-reviewed academic journal published by the American Psychological Association. It was established in 1921 as the result of a merger between two journals, \"Psychobiology\" (1918-1920) and the \"Journal of Animal Behavior\" (1911-1916), under the title \"Journal of Comparative Psychology\". It was renamed \"Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology\" in 1947. Publication ceased in 1982 when the journal was split into \"Behavioral Neuroscience\" and the re-instated \"Journal of Comparative Psychology\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Asian American Journal of Psychology",
"paragraph_text": "The Asian American Journal of Psychology is a peer-reviewed academic journal published by the American Psychological Association on behalf of the Asian American Psychological Association. The journal \"is dedicated to research, practice, advocacy, education, and policy within Asian American psychology.\" The editor-in-chief is Bryan S. K. Kim (University of Hawaii at Hilo).",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
Who was the first president of the publisher of Psychology of Violence?
|
[
{
"id": 795582,
"question": "Psychology of Violence >> publisher",
"answer": "American Psychological Association",
"paragraph_support_idx": 1
},
{
"id": 14904,
"question": "Who was the first president of #1 ?",
"answer": "G. Stanley Hall",
"paragraph_support_idx": 11
}
] |
G. Stanley Hall
|
[
"Stanley Hall"
] | true |
2hop__440195_14904
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Wilhelm Wundt",
"paragraph_text": "Wilhelm Maximilian Wundt (/ vʊnt /; German: (vʊnt); 16 August 1832 -- 31 August 1920) was a German physician, physiologist, philosopher, and professor, known today as one of the founding figures of modern psychology. Wundt, who noted psychology as a science apart from philosophy and biology, was the first person ever to call himself a psychologist. He is widely regarded as the ``founder & father of experimental psychology ''. In 1879, Wundt founded the first formal laboratory for psychological research at the University of Leipzig. This marked psychology as an independent field of study. By creating this laboratory he was able to establish psychology as a separate science from other disciplines. He also formed the first academic journal for psychological research, Philosophische Studien (from 1881 to 1902), set up to publish the Institute's research.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Wilhelm Wundt",
"paragraph_text": "Wilhelm Maximilian Wundt (German: (vʊnt); 16 August 1832 -- 31 August 1920) was a German physician, physiologist, philosopher, and professor, known today as one of the founding figures of modern psychology. Wundt, who noted psychology as a science apart from philosophy and biology, was the first person ever to call himself a psychologist. He is widely regarded as the ``father of experimental psychology ''. In 1879, Wundt founded the first formal laboratory for psychological research at the University of Leipzig. This marked psychology as an independent field of study. By creating this laboratory he was able to establish psychology as a separate science from other topics. He also formed the first academic journal for psychological research, Philosophische Studien (from 1881 to 1902), set up to publish the Institute's research.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Psychological Methods",
"paragraph_text": "Psychological Methods is a peer-reviewed academic journal published by the American Psychological Association. It was established in 1996 and covers \"the development and dissemination of methods for collecting, analyzing, understanding, and interpreting psychological data\". The editor-in-chief is Lisa Harlow (University of Rhode Island).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Journal of Neuroscience, Psychology, and Economics",
"paragraph_text": "The Journal of Neuroscience, Psychology, and Economics is a peer-reviewed academic journal published by the American Psychological Association. It publishes original research dealing with the application of psychological theories and/or neuroscientific methods to business and economics and, therefore, is at the core of research in neuroeconomics, decision neuroscience, and consumer neuroscience. It is currently edited by Samuel M. McClure (Arizona State University).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology",
"paragraph_text": "The Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology is a monthly academic journal published by the American Psychological Association. Its focus is on treatment and prevention in all areas of clinical and clinical-health psychology and especially on topics that appeal to a broad clinical-scientist and practitioner audience. The editor-in-chief is Joanne Davila (Stony Brook University).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Families, Systems and Health",
"paragraph_text": "Families, Systems and Health is a peer-reviewed academic journal published by the American Psychological Association on behalf of the Collaborative Family Healthcare Association. It was established in 1983 and covers research in the areas of health systems, health care, and family science, especially integrated care. The current editors-in-chief are Jodi Polaha (East Tennessee State University ) and Nadiya Sunderji (University of Toronto).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Experimental psychology",
"paragraph_text": "Experimental psychology was introduced into the United States by George Trumbull Ladd, who founded Yale University's psychological laboratory in 1879. In 1887, Ladd published Elements of Physiological Psychology, the first American textbook that extensively discussed experimental psychology. Between Ladd's founding of the Yale Laboratory and his textbook, the center of experimental psychology in the US shifted to Johns Hopkins University, where George Hall and Charles Sanders Peirce were extending and qualifying Wundt's work.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "The Disowned Self",
"paragraph_text": "The Disowned Self is a book written by Nathaniel Branden in 1971 and published in 1972. It was Branden's third book in the area of psychology (preceded by \"The Psychology of Self-Esteem\" and \"Breaking Free\").",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Journal of Family Psychology",
"paragraph_text": "The Journal of Family Psychology is a peer-reviewed academic journal published by the American Psychological Association. It was established in 1987 and covers research in family psychology. The current editor-in-chief is Barbara H. Fiese.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Journal of Psychohistory",
"paragraph_text": "The Journal of Psychohistory is a journal in the field of psychohistory, edited by Lloyd deMause and published by the Institute for Psychohistory. It aims to provide \"a new psychological view of world events — past and present\". The journal is published quarterly and contains subjects such as childhood and the family (especially child abuse), psychobiography with extensive childhood material, political psychology and psychological studies of anthropology.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Oddrun Samdal",
"paragraph_text": "Oddrun Samdal (born 1967 in Bergen, Norway) is Professor in health promotion/health psychology at the University of Bergen and has been a pioneer for implementation of health promoting schools in Norway and for development of research based implementation components for health promoting schools.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology",
"paragraph_text": "Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal published by the American Psychological Association on behalf of the Canadian Psychological Association in collaboration with the Canadian Society for Brain, Behaviour, and Cognitive Science. It was established in 1947 and covers experimental psychology. Articles are published in English or French. The editor-in-chief is Randall K. Jamieson (University of Manitoba).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "The Blunderer",
"paragraph_text": "The Blunderer is a psychological thriller by Patricia Highsmith, first published in 1954 by Coward-McCann. It was third of her 22 novels, the second published under her own name.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "World Health Report",
"paragraph_text": "The World Health Report (WHR) is a series of reports produced regularly by the World Health Organization (WHO). First published in 1995, the \"World Health Report\" is WHO's leading publication. Published annually or biennially in multiple languages, each report includes an expert assessment of a specific global health topic, relating to all countries that are Member States of the organization.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Clinical Practice in Pediatric Psychology",
"paragraph_text": "Clinical Practice in Pediatric Psychology is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal published by the American Psychological Association on behalf of APA Division 54. It covers all aspects of pediatric psychology. The inaugural editors-in-chief were Jennifer Shroff Pendley (Nemours Foundation/Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children) and W. Douglas Tynan (Nemours Health and Prevention Services). The current editor-in-chief is Jennifer Verrill Schurman (Children's Mercy Hospital). The journal was established in 2013 and is abstracted and indexed in PsycINFO and Scopus.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "History of psychology",
"paragraph_text": "In 1879 Charles Sanders Peirce was hired as a philosophy instructor at Johns Hopkins University. Although better known for his astronomical and philosophical work, Peirce also conducted what are perhaps the first American psychology experiments, on the subject of color vision, published in 1877 in the American Journal of Science (see Cadwallader, 1974). Peirce and his student Joseph Jastrow published ``On Small Differences in Sensation ''in the Memoirs of the National Academy of Sciences, in 1884. In 1882, Peirce was joined at Johns Hopkins by G. Stanley Hall, who opened the first American research laboratory devoted to experimental psychology in 1883. Peirce was forced out of his position by scandal and Hall was awarded the only professorship in philosophy at Johns Hopkins. In 1887 Hall founded the American Journal of Psychology, which published work primarily emanating from his own laboratory. In 1888 Hall left his Johns Hopkins professorship for the presidency of the newly founded Clark University, where he remained for the rest of his career.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Psychological Injury and Law",
"paragraph_text": "Psychological Injury and Law is a peer-reviewed academic journal published by Springer Science+Business Media on behalf of the Association for Scientific Advancement in Psychological Injury and Law. It was established in 2008 and the editor-in-chief is Gerald Young (York University). The journal covers forensic psychology, especially the interaction of psychology and law in the area of trauma and injury.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Health Psychology (journal)",
"paragraph_text": "Health Psychology is a monthly, peer-reviewed academic journal published by the American Psychological Association. The journal is \"devoted to understanding the scientific relations among psychological factors, behavior and physical health and illness.\" The current editor-in-chief is Kenneth E. Friedland (Washington University in St. Louis).",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Adolescence",
"paragraph_text": "The formal study of adolescent psychology began with the publication of G. Stanley Hall's \"Adolescence in 1904.\" Hall, who was the first president of the American Psychological Association, viewed adolescence primarily as a time of internal turmoil and upheaval (sturm und drang). This understanding of youth was based on two then new ways of understanding human behavior: Darwin's evolutionary theory and Freud's psychodynamic theory. He believed that adolescence was a representation of our human ancestors' phylogenetic shift from being primitive to being civilized. Hall's assertions stood relatively uncontested until the 1950s when psychologists such as Erik Erikson and Anna Freud started to formulate their theories about adolescence. Freud believed that the psychological disturbances associated with youth were biologically based and culturally universal while Erikson focused on the dichotomy between identity formation and role fulfillment. Even with their different theories, these three psychologists agreed that adolescence was inherently a time of disturbance and psychological confusion. The less turbulent aspects of adolescence, such as peer relations and cultural influence, were left largely ignored until the 1980s. From the '50s until the '80s, the focus of the field was mainly on describing patterns of behavior as opposed to explaining them.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Asian American Journal of Psychology",
"paragraph_text": "The Asian American Journal of Psychology is a peer-reviewed academic journal published by the American Psychological Association on behalf of the Asian American Psychological Association. The journal \"is dedicated to research, practice, advocacy, education, and policy within Asian American psychology.\" The editor-in-chief is Bryan S. K. Kim (University of Hawaii at Hilo).",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
Who was the first president of the publisher of Health Psychology?
|
[
{
"id": 440195,
"question": "Health Psychology >> publisher",
"answer": "American Psychological Association",
"paragraph_support_idx": 17
},
{
"id": 14904,
"question": "Who was the first president of #1 ?",
"answer": "G. Stanley Hall",
"paragraph_support_idx": 18
}
] |
G. Stanley Hall
|
[
"Stanley Hall"
] | true |
2hop__150918_14904
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Journal of Neuroscience, Psychology, and Economics",
"paragraph_text": "The Journal of Neuroscience, Psychology, and Economics is a peer-reviewed academic journal published by the American Psychological Association. It publishes original research dealing with the application of psychological theories and/or neuroscientific methods to business and economics and, therefore, is at the core of research in neuroeconomics, decision neuroscience, and consumer neuroscience. It is currently edited by Samuel M. McClure (Arizona State University).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Journal of Family Psychology",
"paragraph_text": "The Journal of Family Psychology is a peer-reviewed academic journal published by the American Psychological Association. It was established in 1987 and covers research in family psychology. The current editor-in-chief is Barbara H. Fiese.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology",
"paragraph_text": "Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal published by the American Psychological Association on behalf of the Canadian Psychological Association in collaboration with the Canadian Society for Brain, Behaviour, and Cognitive Science. It was established in 1947 and covers experimental psychology. Articles are published in English or French. The editor-in-chief is Randall K. Jamieson (University of Manitoba).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "The Farm (Smith novel)",
"paragraph_text": "The Farm (2014) is a psychological thriller novel by Tom Rob Smith. Set in London and Sweden, it is Smith's fourth published work and his first standalone novel.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Canadian Oxford Dictionary",
"paragraph_text": "The Canadian Oxford Dictionary is a dictionary of Canadian English. First published by Oxford University Press Canada in 1998, it became a well-known reference for Canadian English.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Margaret Langrick",
"paragraph_text": "Margaret Langrick (born 1971) is a Canadian writer and retired actress. She is now known as Maggie Langrick and is the President and Publisher of LifeTree Media Ltd.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Spearman Medal",
"paragraph_text": "The Spearman Medal is an early-career award of the British Psychological Society's Research Board, given in recognition of outstanding published work in psychology which represents a significant body of work in terms of theoretical contributions, originality, and impact. The award was inaugurated in 1965 and is named in honour of Charles Spearman.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Psychopathy Checklist",
"paragraph_text": "The PCL was originally developed in the 1970s by Canadian psychologist Robert D. Hare for use in psychology experiments, based partly on Hare's work with male offenders and forensic inmates in Vancouver, and partly on an influential clinical profile by American psychiatrist Hervey M. Cleckley first published in 1941.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Canadian Psychology",
"paragraph_text": "Canadian Psychology (French: \"Psychologie canadienne\") is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal published by the American Psychological Association on behalf of the Canadian Psychological Association. The journal was established in 1950 and publishes \"articles in areas of theory, research, and practice that are potentially of interest to a broad cross-section of psychologists\". The editor-in-chief is Vina Goghari (University of Toronto).",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Keith Oatley",
"paragraph_text": "Keith Oatley FRSC, FBPsS (16 March 1939) is an Anglo-Canadian novelist, and professor emeritus of cognitive psychology at the University of Toronto. His novel \"The Case of Emily V\" won the 1994 Commonwealth Prize for first novel.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Journal of Psychohistory",
"paragraph_text": "The Journal of Psychohistory is a journal in the field of psychohistory, edited by Lloyd deMause and published by the Institute for Psychohistory. It aims to provide \"a new psychological view of world events — past and present\". The journal is published quarterly and contains subjects such as childhood and the family (especially child abuse), psychobiography with extensive childhood material, political psychology and psychological studies of anthropology.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "The Blunderer",
"paragraph_text": "The Blunderer is a psychological thriller by Patricia Highsmith, first published in 1954 by Coward-McCann. It was third of her 22 novels, the second published under her own name.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion",
"paragraph_text": "The Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion (\"JSSR\") is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal published by Wiley-Blackwell in the United States of America under the auspices of the Society for the Scientific Study of Religion, dedicated to publishing scholarly articles in the social sciences, including psychology, sociology and anthropology, devoted to the study of religion. It is not a theology journal, as its publications tend to be empirical papers in the aforementioned disciplines, rather than papers assessing the truth or falsity, or otherwise attempting to clarify, theological doctrines. However, the eminent theologian Paul Tillich wrote a preface to the first edition, published in 1961. A former editor, Ralph W. Hood, is a major name in the psychology of religion, having published scales to assess religious experience and mystical experience. Hood was succeeded as editor in 1999 by Ted Jelen, the first ever political scientist to edit the journal. Jelen was later succeeded as editor by sociologist Rhys Williams. The current editor of the journal is Tobin Grant (Southern Illinois University Carbondale).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Spider (2002 film)",
"paragraph_text": "Spider is a 2002 Canadian-British psychological thriller film produced and directed by David Cronenberg and based on the novel of the same name by Patrick McGrath, who also wrote the screenplay.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Kiss the Girls (novel)",
"paragraph_text": "Kiss the Girls is a psychological thriller novel by American writer James Patterson, the second to star his recurring main character Alex Cross, an African-American psychologist and policeman. It was first published in 1995, and was adapted into a movie of the same name in 1997.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Adolescence",
"paragraph_text": "The formal study of adolescent psychology began with the publication of G. Stanley Hall's \"Adolescence in 1904.\" Hall, who was the first president of the American Psychological Association, viewed adolescence primarily as a time of internal turmoil and upheaval (sturm und drang). This understanding of youth was based on two then new ways of understanding human behavior: Darwin's evolutionary theory and Freud's psychodynamic theory. He believed that adolescence was a representation of our human ancestors' phylogenetic shift from being primitive to being civilized. Hall's assertions stood relatively uncontested until the 1950s when psychologists such as Erik Erikson and Anna Freud started to formulate their theories about adolescence. Freud believed that the psychological disturbances associated with youth were biologically based and culturally universal while Erikson focused on the dichotomy between identity formation and role fulfillment. Even with their different theories, these three psychologists agreed that adolescence was inherently a time of disturbance and psychological confusion. The less turbulent aspects of adolescence, such as peer relations and cultural influence, were left largely ignored until the 1980s. From the '50s until the '80s, the focus of the field was mainly on describing patterns of behavior as opposed to explaining them.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "The Journal of Social Psychology",
"paragraph_text": "The Journal of Social Psychology is a bimonthly academic journal covering social psychology published by Routledge, who acquired it from Heldref Publications in 2009. The journal was established in 1929 by John Dewey and Carl Murchison. It covers all areas of basic and applied social psychology. The journal was subtitled \"Political, Racial and Differential Psychology\" until changing its name in 1949.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Wilhelm Wundt",
"paragraph_text": "Wilhelm Maximilian Wundt (German: (vʊnt); 16 August 1832 -- 31 August 1920) was a German physician, physiologist, philosopher, and professor, known today as one of the founding figures of modern psychology. Wundt, who noted psychology as a science apart from philosophy and biology, was the first person ever to call himself a psychologist. He is widely regarded as the ``father of experimental psychology ''. In 1879, Wundt founded the first formal laboratory for psychological research at the University of Leipzig. This marked psychology as an independent field of study. By creating this laboratory he was able to establish psychology as a separate science from other topics. He also formed the first academic journal for psychological research, Philosophische Studien (from 1881 to 1902), set up to publish the Institute's research.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science",
"paragraph_text": "The Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal published by the American Psychological Association on behalf of the Canadian Psychological Association. The editor-in-chief is Allison J. Ouimet (University of Ottawa). The journal was established in 1969 and covers all aspects of psychology.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Experimental psychology",
"paragraph_text": "Experimental psychology was introduced into the United States by George Trumbull Ladd, who founded Yale University's psychological laboratory in 1879. In 1887, Ladd published Elements of Physiological Psychology, the first American textbook that extensively discussed experimental psychology. Between Ladd's founding of the Yale Laboratory and his textbook, the center of experimental psychology in the US shifted to Johns Hopkins University, where George Hall and Charles Sanders Peirce were extending and qualifying Wundt's work.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
Who was the first president of the publisher of Canadian Psychology?
|
[
{
"id": 150918,
"question": "What is the name of the publisher of Canadian Psychology?",
"answer": "American Psychological Association",
"paragraph_support_idx": 8
},
{
"id": 14904,
"question": "Who was the first president of #1 ?",
"answer": "G. Stanley Hall",
"paragraph_support_idx": 15
}
] |
G. Stanley Hall
|
[
"Stanley Hall"
] | true |
2hop__490937_14904
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Behaviorism",
"paragraph_text": "During the first half of the twentieth century, John B. Watson devised methodological behaviorism, which rejected introspective methods and sought to understand behavior by only measuring observable behaviors and events. It was not until the 1930s that B.F. Skinner suggested that private events -- including thoughts and feelings -- should be subjected to the same controlling variables as observable behavior, which became the basis for his philosophy called radical behaviorism. While Watson and Ivan Pavlov investigated the stimulus - response procedures of classical conditioning, Skinner assessed the controlling nature of consequences and also its' potential effect on the antecedents (or discriminative stimuli) that strengthens behavior; the technique became known as operant conditioning.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Edward Perl",
"paragraph_text": "Edward Roy Perl (October 6, 1926 – July 15, 2014) was an American neuroscientist whose research focused on neural mechanisms of and circuitry involved in somatic sensation, principally nociception. Work in his laboratory in the late 1960s established the existence of unique nociceptors. Perl was one of the founding members of the Society for Neuroscience and served as its first president. He was a Sarah Graham Kenan Professor of Cell Biology & Physiology and a member of the UNC Neuroscience Center at the University of North Carolina School of Medicine.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Progress in Neurobiology",
"paragraph_text": "Progress in Neurobiology is a monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal covering all aspects of neuroscience, with an emphasis on multidisciplinary approaches. It was established in 1973 and is published by Elsevier. The editor-in-chief is Sabine Kastner (Princeton Neuroscience Institute, Princeton University).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Power of 2 (book)",
"paragraph_text": "Power of 2 is a book written by bestselling author Rodd Wagner and Gallup World Poll leader Dr. Gale Muller. It describes the authors’ five years of research on collaboration and partnerships. The book is a mixture of advice to the reader, stories of prominent partnerships, and discoveries from various disciplines such as primatology, neuroscience, game theory, and behavioral economics.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Adolescence",
"paragraph_text": "The formal study of adolescent psychology began with the publication of G. Stanley Hall's \"Adolescence in 1904.\" Hall, who was the first president of the American Psychological Association, viewed adolescence primarily as a time of internal turmoil and upheaval (sturm und drang). This understanding of youth was based on two then new ways of understanding human behavior: Darwin's evolutionary theory and Freud's psychodynamic theory. He believed that adolescence was a representation of our human ancestors' phylogenetic shift from being primitive to being civilized. Hall's assertions stood relatively uncontested until the 1950s when psychologists such as Erik Erikson and Anna Freud started to formulate their theories about adolescence. Freud believed that the psychological disturbances associated with youth were biologically based and culturally universal while Erikson focused on the dichotomy between identity formation and role fulfillment. Even with their different theories, these three psychologists agreed that adolescence was inherently a time of disturbance and psychological confusion. The less turbulent aspects of adolescence, such as peer relations and cultural influence, were left largely ignored until the 1980s. From the '50s until the '80s, the focus of the field was mainly on describing patterns of behavior as opposed to explaining them.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Behavioral Neuroscience (journal)",
"paragraph_text": "Behavioral Neuroscience is a bimonthly peer-reviewed scientific journal published by the American Psychological Association. It was established in 1983 and covers research in behavioral neuroscience. The editor-in-chief is Rebecca D. Burwell (Brown University).",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Sarah-Jayne Blakemore",
"paragraph_text": "Sarah-Jayne Blakemore (born 11 August 1974) is Professor of Cognitive Neuroscience at the Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London and co-director of the Wellcome Trust PhD Programme in Neuroscience at UCL",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology",
"paragraph_text": "The Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology was a peer-reviewed academic journal published by the American Psychological Association. It was established in 1921 as the result of a merger between two journals, \"Psychobiology\" (1918-1920) and the \"Journal of Animal Behavior\" (1911-1916), under the title \"Journal of Comparative Psychology\". It was renamed \"Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology\" in 1947. Publication ceased in 1982 when the journal was split into \"Behavioral Neuroscience\" and the re-instated \"Journal of Comparative Psychology\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Tim Shallice",
"paragraph_text": "Timothy Shallice (born 1940) is a professor of neuropsychology and past director of the Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, part of University College London. He has been a professor at Cognitive Neuroscience Sector of the International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA) since 1994.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews",
"paragraph_text": "Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews is a peer-reviewed scientific journal covering behavioral neuroscience published by Elsevier. The journal publishes reviews, theoretical articles, and mini-reviews. It is an official journal of the International Behavioral Neuroscience Society.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Yale University",
"paragraph_text": "Between 1925 and 1940, philanthropic foundations, especially ones connected with the Rockefellers, contributed about $7 million to support the Yale Institute of Human Relations and the affiliated Yerkes Laboratories of Primate Biology. The money went toward behavioral science research, which was supported by foundation officers who aimed to \"improve mankind\" under an informal, loosely defined human engineering effort. The behavioral scientists at Yale, led by President James R. Angell and psychobiologist Robert M. Yerkes, tapped into foundation largesse by crafting research programs aimed to investigate, then suggest, ways to control, sexual and social behavior. For example, Yerkes analyzed chimpanzee sexual behavior in hopes of illuminating the evolutionary underpinnings of human development and providing information that could ameliorate dysfunction. Ultimately, the behavioral-science results disappointed foundation officers, who shifted their human-engineering funds toward biological sciences.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Journal of Neuroscience, Psychology, and Economics",
"paragraph_text": "The Journal of Neuroscience, Psychology, and Economics is a peer-reviewed academic journal published by the American Psychological Association. It publishes original research dealing with the application of psychological theories and/or neuroscientific methods to business and economics and, therefore, is at the core of research in neuroeconomics, decision neuroscience, and consumer neuroscience. It is currently edited by Samuel M. McClure (Arizona State University).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Brain",
"paragraph_text": "The field of neuroscience encompasses all approaches that seek to understand the brain and the rest of the nervous system. Psychology seeks to understand mind and behavior, and neurology is the medical discipline that diagnoses and treats diseases of the nervous system. The brain is also the most important organ studied in psychiatry, the branch of medicine that works to study, prevent, and treat mental disorders. Cognitive science seeks to unify neuroscience and psychology with other fields that concern themselves with the brain, such as computer science (artificial intelligence and similar fields) and philosophy.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Applied Neuroscience Society of Australasia",
"paragraph_text": "The Applied Neuroscience Society of Australasia (ANSA) is a non-profit professional organization for applied neuroscience in Australia, with members in Australia, New Zealand and Asia.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Sexual orientation",
"paragraph_text": "The Kinsey scale, also called the Heterosexual-Homosexual Rating Scale, was first published in Sexual Behavior in the Human Male (1948) by Alfred Kinsey, Wardell Pomeroy, and Clyde Martin and also featured in Sexual Behavior in the Human Female (1953). The scale was developed to combat the assumption at the time that people are either heterosexual or homosexual and that these two types represent antitheses in the sexual world. Recognizing that a large portion of population is not completely heterosexual or homosexual and people can experience both heterosexual and homosexual behavior and psychic responses, Kinsey et al., stated:",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics",
"paragraph_text": "CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics is a bimonthly medical journal published 1995 by Wiley-Blackwell addressing topics in neurology and central nervous system therapeutic pharmacology. It was established in 1995 as CNS Drug Reviews and obtained its current title in 2008.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Lu Chen (scientist)",
"paragraph_text": "Lu Chen () is a Chinese-born American neuroscientist, who is an Professor of Neurosurgery, and of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences at Stanford University, and is a member of the Stanford Neurosciences Institute. She was previously an Associate Professor of Neurobiology and a member of the Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute at the University of California, Berkeley.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Zachary Mainen",
"paragraph_text": "Zachary Mainen studied psychology and philosophy at Yale University, received his doctorate in Neuroscience from the University of California, San Diego, and held a faculty position at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, New York, before moving to Lisbon to found the Champalimaud Neuroscience Programme.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Jean Decety",
"paragraph_text": "Jean Decety is an American and French neuroscientist specializing in developmental neuroscience, affective neuroscience, and social neuroscience. His research focuses on the psychological and neurobiological mechanisms underpinning social cognition, particularly social decision-making, empathy, moral reasoning, altruism, pro-social behavior, and more generally interpersonal relationships. He is Irving B. Harris Distinguished Service Professor at the University of Chicago.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Operant conditioning",
"paragraph_text": "B.F. Skinner (1904 -- 1990) is often referred to as the father of operant conditioning, and his work is frequently cited in connection with this topic. His book ``The Behavior of Organisms '', published in 1938, initiated his lifelong study of operant conditioning and its application to human and animal behavior. Following the ideas of Ernst Mach, Skinner rejected Thorndike's reference to unobservable mental states such as satisfaction, building his analysis on observable behavior and its equally observable consequences.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
Who was the first president of the publisher of Behavioral Neuroscience?
|
[
{
"id": 490937,
"question": "Behavioral Neuroscience >> publisher",
"answer": "American Psychological Association",
"paragraph_support_idx": 5
},
{
"id": 14904,
"question": "Who was the first president of #1 ?",
"answer": "G. Stanley Hall",
"paragraph_support_idx": 4
}
] |
G. Stanley Hall
|
[
"Stanley Hall"
] | true |
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