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id stringlengths 13 34	paragraphs listlengths 16 20	question stringlengths 29 283	answer stringlengths 1 100	answer_aliases sequencelengths 0 10	context stringlengths 3.85k 19.2k	citations sequencelengths 2 4
2hop__25904_25910	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The art collections of the Palace Museum (Chinese: 故宫博物院; pinyin: Gùgōng Bówùyùan), a national museum housed in the Forbidden City in Beijing, China, are built upon the imperial collection of the Ming and Qing dynasties. This collection was expanded in the 20th century with new acquisitions, transfers from other museums, and new archaeological discoveries.", "title": "Palace Museum" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "As originally constituted in 1942, the Hukbalahap was to be part of a broad united front resistance to the Japanese occupation of the Philippines. This original intent is reflected in its name: \"\"Hukbong Bayan Laban sa mga Hapon\"\", which means \"People's Army Against the Japanese.\"", "title": "Hukbalahap" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Following the earthquake, donations were made by people from all over mainland China, with booths set up in schools, at banks, and around gas stations. People also donated blood, resulting in according to Xinhua long line-ups in most major Chinese cities. Many donated through text messaging on mobile phones to accounts set up by China Unicom and China Mobile By May 16, the Chinese government had allocated a total of $772 million for earthquake relief so far, up sharply from $159 million from May 14.", "title": "2008 Sichuan earthquake" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Sun Yat - sen (/ ˈsʊn ˈjɑːtˈsɛn /; 12 November 1866 -- 12 March 1925) was the founding father of the Republic of China. The first provisional president of the Republic of China, Sun was a Chinese physician, writer, philosopher, Georgist, calligrapher and revolutionary. As the foremost pioneer and first leader of a Republican China, Sun is referred to as the ``Father of the Nation ''in the Republic of China (ROC) and the`` forerunner of democratic revolution'' in the People's Republic of China (PRC). Sun played an instrumental role in the overthrow of the Qing dynasty (the last imperial dynasty of China) during the years leading up to the Xinhai Revolution. He was appointed to serve as Provisional President of the Republic of China when it was founded in 1912. He later co-founded the Kuomintang (Nationalist Party of China), serving as its first leader. Sun was a uniting figure in post-Imperial China, and he remains unique among 20th - century Chinese politicians for being widely revered amongst the people from both sides of the Taiwan Strait.", "title": "Sun Yat-sen" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Lyari Expressway Resettlement Project (LERP) is a civic project in Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan to provide replacement housing in developed suburbs for people displaced by the construction of the Lyari Expressway. Over 250,000 residents of the land near the Lyari River were left homeless by the construction of the highway, but provided land and compensation for relocation in areas including new developments Hawke's Bay, Baldia and Taiser Town.", "title": "Lyari Expressway Resettlement Project" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The 2013 Qingdao oil pipeline explosion occurred on 22 November 2013, when an oil pipeline in Chinese city of Qingdao, Shandong Province, China leaked and caught fire and exploded. The blast killed at least 62 people. At least 9 people were detained by the police.", "title": "2013 Qingdao oil pipeline explosion" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The four occupations (simplified Chinese: 士农工商; traditional Chinese: 士農工商) or ``four categories of the people ''(Chinese: 四民) was an occupation classification used in ancient China by either Confucian or Legalist scholars as far back as the late Zhou dynasty and is considered a central part of the fengjian social structure (c. 1046 -- 256 BC). These were the shi (gentry scholars), the nong (peasant farmers), the gong (artisans and craftsmen), and the shang (merchants and traders). The four occupations were not always arranged in this order. The four categories were not socioeconomic classes; wealth and standing did not correspond to these categories, nor were they hereditary.", "title": "Four occupations" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Beijing dialect (simplified Chinese: 北京话; traditional Chinese: 北京話; pinyin: Běijīnghuà), also known as Pekingese, is the prestige dialect of Mandarin spoken in the urban area of Beijing, China. It is the phonological basis of Standard Chinese, which is the official language in the People's Republic of China and Republic of China and one of the official languages in Singapore.", "title": "Beijing dialect" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "During the Second Sino-Japanese War, which led into World War II, much of Zhejiang was occupied by Japan and placed under the control of the Japanese puppet state known as the Reorganized National Government of China. Following the Doolittle Raid, most of the B-25 American crews that came down in China eventually made it to safety with the help of Chinese civilians and soldiers. The Chinese people who helped them, however, paid dearly for sheltering the Americans. The Imperial Japanese Army began the Zhejiang-Jiangxi Campaign to intimidate the Chinese out of helping downed American airmen. The Japanese killed an estimated 250,000 civilians while searching for Doolittle’s men.", "title": "Zhejiang" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The war entered a new phase with the unprecedented defeat of the Japanese at Battle of Suixian-Zaoyang and 1st Battle of Changsha. After these victories, Chinese nationalist forces launched a large-scale counter-offensive in early 1940; however, due to its low military-industrial capacity, it was repulsed by Japanese army in late March 1940. In August of 1940, Chinese communists launched an offensive in Central China; in retaliation, Japan instituted the \"Three Alls Policy\" (\"Kill all, Burn all, Loot all\") in occupied areas to reduce human and material resources for the communists. By 1941 the conflict had become a stalemate. Although Japan had occupied much of northern, central, and coastal China, the Nationalist Government had retreated to the interior with a provisional capital set up at Chungking while the Chinese communists remained in control of base areas in Shaanxi. In addition, Japanese control of northern and central China was somewhat tenuous, in that Japan was usually able to control railroads and the major cities (\"points and lines\"), but did not have a major military or administrative presence in the vast Chinese countryside. The Japanese found its aggression against the retreating and regrouping Chinese army was stalled by the mountainous terrain in southwestern China while the Communists organised widespread guerrilla and saboteur activities in northern and eastern China behind the Japanese front line.", "title": "Pacific War" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The history of the People's Republic of China details the history of mainland China since October 1, 1949, when, after a near complete victory by the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) in the Chinese Civil War, Mao Zedong proclaimed the People's Republic of China (PRC) from atop Tiananmen. The PRC has for several decades been synonymous with China, but it is only the most recent political entity to govern mainland China, preceded by the Republic of China (ROC) and thousands of years of imperial dynasties.", "title": "History of the People's Republic of China" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Han Chinese make up the vast majority of the population, and the largest Han subgroup are the speakers of Wu varieties of Chinese. There are also 400,000 members of ethnic minorities, including approximately 200,000 She people and approximately 20,000 Hui Chinese[citation needed]. Jingning She Autonomous County in Lishui is the only She autonomous county in China.", "title": "Zhejiang" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The People's Republic of China constitution set a premier just one place below the National People's Congress in China. Premier read as (Simplified Chinese: 总理; pinyin: Zŏnglĭ) in Chinese.", "title": "Prime minister" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "From 1955 until 1997 Sichuan had been China's most populous province, hitting 100 million mark shortly after the 1982 census figure of 99,730,000. This changed in 1997 when the Sub-provincial city of Chongqing as well as the three surrounding prefectures of Fuling, Wanxian, and Qianjiang were split off into the new Chongqing Municipality. The new municipality was formed to spearhead China's effort to economically develop its western provinces, as well as to coordinate the resettlement of residents from the reservoir areas of the Three Gorges Dam project.", "title": "Sichuan" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "A few days before the fall of the city, the National Government of China was relocated to the southwestern city Chungking (Chongqing) and resumed Chinese resistance. In 1940, a Japanese-collaborationist government known as the \"Nanjing Regime\" or \"Reorganized National Government of China\" led by Wang Jingwei was established in Nanjing as a rival to Chiang Kai-shek's government in Chongqing. In 1946, after the Surrender of Japan, the KMT relocated its central government back to Nanjing.", "title": "Nanjing" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Around the start of the 20th century, a growing population of Asian Americans lived in or near Santa Monica and Venice. A Japanese fishing village was located near the Long Wharf while small numbers of Chinese lived or worked in both Santa Monica and Venice. The two ethnic minorities were often viewed differently by White Americans who were often well-disposed towards the Japanese but condescending towards the Chinese. The Japanese village fishermen were an integral economic part of the Santa Monica Bay community.", "title": "Santa Monica, California" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "China is the largest unitary state in the world by both population and land area. Although China has had long periods of central rule for centuries, it is often argued that the unitary structure of the Chinese government is far too unwieldy to effectively and equitably manage the country's affairs. On the other hand, Chinese nationalists are suspicious of decentralization as a form of secessionism and a backdoor for national disunity; still others argue that the degree of autonomy given to provincial-level officials in the People's Republic of China amounts to a de facto federalism.", "title": "Federalism" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "In the 20th century, as Beijing, Shanghai, Nanjing, and Wuhan had all been occupied by the Japanese during the Second Sino-Japanese War, the capital of the Republic of China had been temporary relocated to Chongqing, then a major city in Sichuan. An enduring legacy of this move is that nearby inland provinces, such as Shaanxi, Gansu, and Guizhou, which previously never had modern Western-style universities, began to be developed in this regard. The difficulty of accessing the region overland from the eastern part of China and the foggy climate hindering the accuracy of Japanese bombing of the Sichuan Basin, made the region the stronghold of Chiang Kai-Shek's Kuomintang government during 1938-45, and led to the Bombing of Chongqing.", "title": "Sichuan" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Capitol at Williamsburg, Virginia housed the House of Burgesses of the Colony of Virginia from 1705, when the capital was relocated there from Jamestown, until 1779, when the capital was relocated to Richmond. Two capitol buildings served the colony on the same site: the first from 1705 until its destruction by fire in 1747; the second from 1753 to 1779.", "title": "Capitol (Williamsburg, Virginia)" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"The Kitchen God's Wife\" is set largely in early 90s California and China during World War II. San Francisco, the primary location used in the early chapters of the novel, has a significant Chinese-American population, with a significant proportion having moved during and following World War II, as Pearl's mother did, when restrictions on numbers were relaxed. The second part of the novel takes place in lead up to and during World War II, focusing on the lives of Chinese women under the Japanese occupation of China and the brutality inflicted on them by the occupying forces.", "title": "The Kitchen God's Wife" } ]	Why did China need to resettle people in to the city the Chinese capitol was relocated during the Japanese occupation on 20th century?	the Three Gorges Dam project.	[ "Three Gorges Dam" ]	Title: History of the People's Republic of China Passage: The history of the People's Republic of China details the history of mainland China since October 1, 1949, when, after a near complete victory by the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) in the Chinese Civil War, Mao Zedong proclaimed the People's Republic of China (PRC) from atop Tiananmen. The PRC has for several decades been synonymous with China, but it is only the most recent political entity to govern mainland China, preceded by the Republic of China (ROC) and thousands of years of imperial dynasties. Title: Zhejiang Passage: During the Second Sino-Japanese War, which led into World War II, much of Zhejiang was occupied by Japan and placed under the control of the Japanese puppet state known as the Reorganized National Government of China. Following the Doolittle Raid, most of the B-25 American crews that came down in China eventually made it to safety with the help of Chinese civilians and soldiers. The Chinese people who helped them, however, paid dearly for sheltering the Americans. The Imperial Japanese Army began the Zhejiang-Jiangxi Campaign to intimidate the Chinese out of helping downed American airmen. The Japanese killed an estimated 250,000 civilians while searching for Doolittle’s men. Title: 2008 Sichuan earthquake Passage: Following the earthquake, donations were made by people from all over mainland China, with booths set up in schools, at banks, and around gas stations. People also donated blood, resulting in according to Xinhua long line-ups in most major Chinese cities. Many donated through text messaging on mobile phones to accounts set up by China Unicom and China Mobile By May 16, the Chinese government had allocated a total of $772 million for earthquake relief so far, up sharply from $159 million from May 14. Title: The Kitchen God's Wife Passage: "The Kitchen God's Wife" is set largely in early 90s California and China during World War II. San Francisco, the primary location used in the early chapters of the novel, has a significant Chinese-American population, with a significant proportion having moved during and following World War II, as Pearl's mother did, when restrictions on numbers were relaxed. The second part of the novel takes place in lead up to and during World War II, focusing on the lives of Chinese women under the Japanese occupation of China and the brutality inflicted on them by the occupying forces. Title: Prime minister Passage: The People's Republic of China constitution set a premier just one place below the National People's Congress in China. Premier read as (Simplified Chinese: 总理; pinyin: Zŏnglĭ) in Chinese. Title: Palace Museum Passage: The art collections of the Palace Museum (Chinese: 故宫博物院; pinyin: Gùgōng Bówùyùan), a national museum housed in the Forbidden City in Beijing, China, are built upon the imperial collection of the Ming and Qing dynasties. This collection was expanded in the 20th century with new acquisitions, transfers from other museums, and new archaeological discoveries. Title: Hukbalahap Passage: As originally constituted in 1942, the Hukbalahap was to be part of a broad united front resistance to the Japanese occupation of the Philippines. This original intent is reflected in its name: ""Hukbong Bayan Laban sa mga Hapon"", which means "People's Army Against the Japanese." Title: Federalism Passage: China is the largest unitary state in the world by both population and land area. Although China has had long periods of central rule for centuries, it is often argued that the unitary structure of the Chinese government is far too unwieldy to effectively and equitably manage the country's affairs. On the other hand, Chinese nationalists are suspicious of decentralization as a form of secessionism and a backdoor for national disunity; still others argue that the degree of autonomy given to provincial-level officials in the People's Republic of China amounts to a de facto federalism. Title: Pacific War Passage: The war entered a new phase with the unprecedented defeat of the Japanese at Battle of Suixian-Zaoyang and 1st Battle of Changsha. After these victories, Chinese nationalist forces launched a large-scale counter-offensive in early 1940; however, due to its low military-industrial capacity, it was repulsed by Japanese army in late March 1940. In August of 1940, Chinese communists launched an offensive in Central China; in retaliation, Japan instituted the "Three Alls Policy" ("Kill all, Burn all, Loot all") in occupied areas to reduce human and material resources for the communists. By 1941 the conflict had become a stalemate. Although Japan had occupied much of northern, central, and coastal China, the Nationalist Government had retreated to the interior with a provisional capital set up at Chungking while the Chinese communists remained in control of base areas in Shaanxi. In addition, Japanese control of northern and central China was somewhat tenuous, in that Japan was usually able to control railroads and the major cities ("points and lines"), but did not have a major military or administrative presence in the vast Chinese countryside. The Japanese found its aggression against the retreating and regrouping Chinese army was stalled by the mountainous terrain in southwestern China while the Communists organised widespread guerrilla and saboteur activities in northern and eastern China behind the Japanese front line. Title: Beijing dialect Passage: The Beijing dialect (simplified Chinese: 北京话; traditional Chinese: 北京話; pinyin: Běijīnghuà), also known as Pekingese, is the prestige dialect of Mandarin spoken in the urban area of Beijing, China. It is the phonological basis of Standard Chinese, which is the official language in the People's Republic of China and Republic of China and one of the official languages in Singapore. Title: Four occupations Passage: The four occupations (simplified Chinese: 士农工商; traditional Chinese: 士農工商) or ``four categories of the people ''(Chinese: 四民) was an occupation classification used in ancient China by either Confucian or Legalist scholars as far back as the late Zhou dynasty and is considered a central part of the fengjian social structure (c. 1046 -- 256 BC). These were the shi (gentry scholars), the nong (peasant farmers), the gong (artisans and craftsmen), and the shang (merchants and traders). The four occupations were not always arranged in this order. The four categories were not socioeconomic classes; wealth and standing did not correspond to these categories, nor were they hereditary. Title: Zhejiang Passage: Han Chinese make up the vast majority of the population, and the largest Han subgroup are the speakers of Wu varieties of Chinese. There are also 400,000 members of ethnic minorities, including approximately 200,000 She people and approximately 20,000 Hui Chinese[citation needed]. Jingning She Autonomous County in Lishui is the only She autonomous county in China. Title: Nanjing Passage: A few days before the fall of the city, the National Government of China was relocated to the southwestern city Chungking (Chongqing) and resumed Chinese resistance. In 1940, a Japanese-collaborationist government known as the "Nanjing Regime" or "Reorganized National Government of China" led by Wang Jingwei was established in Nanjing as a rival to Chiang Kai-shek's government in Chongqing. In 1946, after the Surrender of Japan, the KMT relocated its central government back to Nanjing. Title: Lyari Expressway Resettlement Project Passage: Lyari Expressway Resettlement Project (LERP) is a civic project in Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan to provide replacement housing in developed suburbs for people displaced by the construction of the Lyari Expressway. Over 250,000 residents of the land near the Lyari River were left homeless by the construction of the highway, but provided land and compensation for relocation in areas including new developments Hawke's Bay, Baldia and Taiser Town. Title: 2013 Qingdao oil pipeline explosion Passage: The 2013 Qingdao oil pipeline explosion occurred on 22 November 2013, when an oil pipeline in Chinese city of Qingdao, Shandong Province, China leaked and caught fire and exploded. The blast killed at least 62 people. At least 9 people were detained by the police. Title: Sichuan Passage: In the 20th century, as Beijing, Shanghai, Nanjing, and Wuhan had all been occupied by the Japanese during the Second Sino-Japanese War, the capital of the Republic of China had been temporary relocated to Chongqing, then a major city in Sichuan. An enduring legacy of this move is that nearby inland provinces, such as Shaanxi, Gansu, and Guizhou, which previously never had modern Western-style universities, began to be developed in this regard. The difficulty of accessing the region overland from the eastern part of China and the foggy climate hindering the accuracy of Japanese bombing of the Sichuan Basin, made the region the stronghold of Chiang Kai-Shek's Kuomintang government during 1938-45, and led to the Bombing of Chongqing. Title: Sun Yat-sen Passage: Sun Yat - sen (/ ˈsʊn ˈjɑːtˈsɛn /; 12 November 1866 -- 12 March 1925) was the founding father of the Republic of China. The first provisional president of the Republic of China, Sun was a Chinese physician, writer, philosopher, Georgist, calligrapher and revolutionary. As the foremost pioneer and first leader of a Republican China, Sun is referred to as the ``Father of the Nation ''in the Republic of China (ROC) and the`` forerunner of democratic revolution'' in the People's Republic of China (PRC). Sun played an instrumental role in the overthrow of the Qing dynasty (the last imperial dynasty of China) during the years leading up to the Xinhai Revolution. He was appointed to serve as Provisional President of the Republic of China when it was founded in 1912. He later co-founded the Kuomintang (Nationalist Party of China), serving as its first leader. Sun was a uniting figure in post-Imperial China, and he remains unique among 20th - century Chinese politicians for being widely revered amongst the people from both sides of the Taiwan Strait. Title: Santa Monica, California Passage: Around the start of the 20th century, a growing population of Asian Americans lived in or near Santa Monica and Venice. A Japanese fishing village was located near the Long Wharf while small numbers of Chinese lived or worked in both Santa Monica and Venice. The two ethnic minorities were often viewed differently by White Americans who were often well-disposed towards the Japanese but condescending towards the Chinese. The Japanese village fishermen were an integral economic part of the Santa Monica Bay community. Title: Capitol (Williamsburg, Virginia) Passage: The Capitol at Williamsburg, Virginia housed the House of Burgesses of the Colony of Virginia from 1705, when the capital was relocated there from Jamestown, until 1779, when the capital was relocated to Richmond. Two capitol buildings served the colony on the same site: the first from 1705 until its destruction by fire in 1747; the second from 1753 to 1779. Title: Sichuan Passage: From 1955 until 1997 Sichuan had been China's most populous province, hitting 100 million mark shortly after the 1982 census figure of 99,730,000. This changed in 1997 when the Sub-provincial city of Chongqing as well as the three surrounding prefectures of Fuling, Wanxian, and Qianjiang were split off into the new Chongqing Municipality. The new municipality was formed to spearhead China's effort to economically develop its western provinces, as well as to coordinate the resettlement of residents from the reservoir areas of the Three Gorges Dam project.	[ "Sichuan", "Sichuan" ]
3hop2__21987_106350_831253	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Philéas Lebesgue (26 November 1869 in La Neuville-Vault, Picardy, France - 11 October 1958 in the same village) was a French essayist and translator. At once a poet, novelist, essayist, translator and literary critic.", "title": "Philéas Lebesgue" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Printemps, avril carillonne\" (English translation: \"Springtime, April rings\") was the French entry in the Eurovision Song Contest 1961, performed in French by Jean-Paul Mauric.", "title": "Printemps, avril carillonne" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Charles-Henri Sanson, full title \"Chevalier Charles-Henri Sanson de Longval\" (15 February 1739 – 4 July 1806), was the royal executioner of France during the reign of King Louis XVI, and High Executioner of the First French Republic. He administered capital punishment in the city of Paris for over forty years, and by his own hand executed nearly 3,000 people, including the King himself.", "title": "Charles-Henri Sanson" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Norbert Guterman (1900–1984) was a scholar, and translator of scholarly and literary works from French, Polish and Latin into English. His translations were remarkable for their range of subject matter and high quality.", "title": "Norbert Guterman" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Nicolas Lancret (22 January 1690 – 14 September 1743) was a French painter. Born in Paris, he was a brilliant depicter of light comedy which reflected the tastes and manners of French society under the regent Orleans.", "title": "Nicolas Lancret" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Louis XVI translated the Reflections \"from end to end\" into French. Fellow Whig MPs Richard Sheridan and Charles James Fox, disagreed with Burke and split with him. Fox thought the Reflections to be \"in very bad taste\" and \"favouring Tory principles\". Other Whigs such as the Duke of Portland and Earl Fitzwilliam privately agreed with Burke, but did not wish for a public breach with their Whig colleagues. Burke wrote on 29 November 1790: \"I have received from the Duke of Portland, Lord Fitzwilliam, the Duke of Devonshire, Lord John Cavendish, Montagu (Frederick Montagu MP), and a long et cetera of the old Stamina of the Whiggs a most full approbation of the principles of that work and a kind indulgence to the execution\". The Duke of Portland said in 1791 that when anyone criticised the Reflections to him, he informed them that he had recommended the book to his sons as containing the true Whig creed.", "title": "Edmund Burke" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``Let them eat cake ''is the traditional translation of the French phrase`` Qu'ils mangent de la brioche'', supposedly spoken by ``a great princess ''upon learning that the peasants had no bread. Since brioche was a luxury bread enriched with butter and eggs, the quote would reflect the princess's disregard for the peasants, or her poor understanding of their situation.", "title": "Let them eat cake" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Jean-Marie Laclavetine (born February 17, 1954 in Bordeaux) is a French editor, writer and translator of Italian literature into French.", "title": "Jean-Marie Laclavetine" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Roger Munier (21 December 1923, Nancy – 10 August 2010, Vesoul) was a French writer and translator. From 1953, Munier was one of the first to translate into French the work of his master and friend, the German philosopher Martin Heidegger (1889–1976).", "title": "Roger Munier" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "War and Peace Front page of War and Peace, first edition, 1869 (Russian) Author Leo Tolstoy Original title Война и миръ Translator The first translation of War and Peace into English was by American Nathan Haskell Dole, in 1899 Country Russia Language Russian, with some French Genre Novel (Historical novel) Publisher The Russian Messenger (serial) Publication date Serialised 1865 -- 1867; book 1869 Media type Print Pages 1,225 (first published edition)", "title": "War and Peace" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Robotboy is a British/French animated children's television series which is produced by French production company Alphanim for France 3 and Cartoon Network Europe, as well as the studios LuxAnimation and Cofinova 1. It was created and designed by Jan Van Rijsselberge and was directed in Alphanim's studio in Paris by Charlie Bean, who worked on other programs such as \"Dexter's Laboratory\", \"The Powerpuff Girls\", and \"Samurai Jack\". The series first aired in the United Kingdom on 1 November 2005 on Cartoon Network. It premiered in the United States on 28 December 2005 as part of a \"sneak peek\" preview week for the network's new Saturday morning cartoon lineup that debuted on 14 January 2006. Reruns of the show are still airing in United Kingdom, France, Italy, the Netherlands, Belgium and Germany, as well in some Latin American countries like Venezuela and Colombia, but is no longer shown in Eastern Europe, the United States or Asian territories.", "title": "Robotboy" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Blood Rose () is a 1970 French horror film directed and co-written by Claude Mulot. The French title translates as \"The Flayed Rose\".", "title": "The Blood Rose" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "When a historic document survives only in translation, the original having been lost, researchers sometimes undertake back-translation in an effort to reconstruct the original text. An example involves the novel The Saragossa Manuscript by the Polish aristocrat Jan Potocki (1761–1815), who wrote the novel in French and anonymously published fragments in 1804 and 1813–14. Portions of the original French-language manuscript were subsequently lost; however, the missing fragments survived in a Polish translation that was made by Edmund Chojecki in 1847 from a complete French copy, now lost. French-language versions of the complete Saragossa Manuscript have since been produced, based on extant French-language fragments and on French-language versions that have been back-translated from Chojecki’s Polish version.", "title": "Translation" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Sweet Lullaby\" is a song by French world music/ethnic electronica Deep Forest which originally appeared on their eponymous album. The song gained popularity in 1992 and 1993 when it was released as a single, becoming a top 30 hit in many European and Oceanian countries. In 1994, it was re-released in remixed versions.", "title": "Sweet Lullaby" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Mélanie Fazi (born 29 November 1976) is a French novelist and translator specialising in fantasy fiction. As well as writing award-winning fiction of her own she has translated works by Lois McMaster Bujold, Elizabeth Moon, Poppy Z. Brite and Graham Joyce into French for \"Éditions Bragelonne\", a French publisher.", "title": "Mélanie Fazi" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Eric Mosbacher (22 December 1903 – 2 July 1998) was an English journalist and translator from Italian, French, German and Spanish. He translated work by Ignazio Silone and Sigmund Freud.", "title": "Eric Mosbacher" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Three Princes of Serendip is the English version of the story \"Peregrinaggio di tre giovani figliuoli del re di Serendippo\" published by Michele Tramezzino in Venice in 1557. Tramezzino claimed to have heard the story from one , who had translated the Persian fairy tale into Italian, adapting Book One of Amir Khusrau's \"Hasht-Bihisht\" of 1302. The story first came to English via a French translation, and now exists in several out-of-print translations.", "title": "The Three Princes of Serendip" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Ahead of Time is a collection of science fiction stories by American writer Henry Kuttner, first published in hardcover by Ballantine Books in 1953 (with a paperback edition shortly afterwards). A British hardcover appeared in 1954, with a paperback following in 1961. Paperback reissues of both the UK and US editions appeared in the mid-1960s. A French translation appeared in 1962, and an Italian translation in 1971.", "title": "Ahead of Time" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Saumont started as a specialist in English literature and an English to French translator. She has translated books by V.S. Naipaul, Nadine Gordimer and John Fowles among others.", "title": "Annie Saumont" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The lyrics of ``Angels We Have Heard on High ''are inspired by, but not a direct translation of, the French carol known as Les Anges dans nos campagnes (literally`` the angels in our countryside'') composed by an unknown author in Languedoc, France, though they are clearly inspired by that song, and broadly follow the same storyline. The French song has received many adjustments or alignments including ``Angels We Have Heard On High ''-- its most common English version -- written in 1862 by James Chadwick, the Roman Catholic Bishop of Hexham and Newcastle, northeast England. The carol quickly became popular in the West Country, where it was described as`` Cornish'' by R.R. Chope, and featured in Pickard - Cambridge's Collection of Dorset Carols.", "title": "Angels We Have Heard on High" } ]	What government followed the monarch who re-translated Reflections into French from the country that made Robotboy?	First French Republic	[ "French Republic" ]	Title: Jean-Marie Laclavetine Passage: Jean-Marie Laclavetine (born February 17, 1954 in Bordeaux) is a French editor, writer and translator of Italian literature into French. Title: Edmund Burke Passage: Louis XVI translated the Reflections "from end to end" into French. Fellow Whig MPs Richard Sheridan and Charles James Fox, disagreed with Burke and split with him. Fox thought the Reflections to be "in very bad taste" and "favouring Tory principles". Other Whigs such as the Duke of Portland and Earl Fitzwilliam privately agreed with Burke, but did not wish for a public breach with their Whig colleagues. Burke wrote on 29 November 1790: "I have received from the Duke of Portland, Lord Fitzwilliam, the Duke of Devonshire, Lord John Cavendish, Montagu (Frederick Montagu MP), and a long et cetera of the old Stamina of the Whiggs a most full approbation of the principles of that work and a kind indulgence to the execution". The Duke of Portland said in 1791 that when anyone criticised the Reflections to him, he informed them that he had recommended the book to his sons as containing the true Whig creed. Title: Roger Munier Passage: Roger Munier (21 December 1923, Nancy – 10 August 2010, Vesoul) was a French writer and translator. From 1953, Munier was one of the first to translate into French the work of his master and friend, the German philosopher Martin Heidegger (1889–1976). Title: Angels We Have Heard on High Passage: The lyrics of ``Angels We Have Heard on High ''are inspired by, but not a direct translation of, the French carol known as Les Anges dans nos campagnes (literally`` the angels in our countryside'') composed by an unknown author in Languedoc, France, though they are clearly inspired by that song, and broadly follow the same storyline. The French song has received many adjustments or alignments including ``Angels We Have Heard On High ''-- its most common English version -- written in 1862 by James Chadwick, the Roman Catholic Bishop of Hexham and Newcastle, northeast England. The carol quickly became popular in the West Country, where it was described as`` Cornish'' by R.R. Chope, and featured in Pickard - Cambridge's Collection of Dorset Carols. Title: Sweet Lullaby Passage: "Sweet Lullaby" is a song by French world music/ethnic electronica Deep Forest which originally appeared on their eponymous album. The song gained popularity in 1992 and 1993 when it was released as a single, becoming a top 30 hit in many European and Oceanian countries. In 1994, it was re-released in remixed versions. Title: Ahead of Time Passage: Ahead of Time is a collection of science fiction stories by American writer Henry Kuttner, first published in hardcover by Ballantine Books in 1953 (with a paperback edition shortly afterwards). A British hardcover appeared in 1954, with a paperback following in 1961. Paperback reissues of both the UK and US editions appeared in the mid-1960s. A French translation appeared in 1962, and an Italian translation in 1971. Title: Let them eat cake Passage: ``Let them eat cake ''is the traditional translation of the French phrase`` Qu'ils mangent de la brioche'', supposedly spoken by ``a great princess ''upon learning that the peasants had no bread. Since brioche was a luxury bread enriched with butter and eggs, the quote would reflect the princess's disregard for the peasants, or her poor understanding of their situation. Title: Printemps, avril carillonne Passage: "Printemps, avril carillonne" (English translation: "Springtime, April rings") was the French entry in the Eurovision Song Contest 1961, performed in French by Jean-Paul Mauric. Title: The Three Princes of Serendip Passage: The Three Princes of Serendip is the English version of the story "Peregrinaggio di tre giovani figliuoli del re di Serendippo" published by Michele Tramezzino in Venice in 1557. Tramezzino claimed to have heard the story from one , who had translated the Persian fairy tale into Italian, adapting Book One of Amir Khusrau's "Hasht-Bihisht" of 1302. The story first came to English via a French translation, and now exists in several out-of-print translations. Title: Philéas Lebesgue Passage: Philéas Lebesgue (26 November 1869 in La Neuville-Vault, Picardy, France - 11 October 1958 in the same village) was a French essayist and translator. At once a poet, novelist, essayist, translator and literary critic. Title: Mélanie Fazi Passage: Mélanie Fazi (born 29 November 1976) is a French novelist and translator specialising in fantasy fiction. As well as writing award-winning fiction of her own she has translated works by Lois McMaster Bujold, Elizabeth Moon, Poppy Z. Brite and Graham Joyce into French for "Éditions Bragelonne", a French publisher. Title: Norbert Guterman Passage: Norbert Guterman (1900–1984) was a scholar, and translator of scholarly and literary works from French, Polish and Latin into English. His translations were remarkable for their range of subject matter and high quality. Title: Eric Mosbacher Passage: Eric Mosbacher (22 December 1903 – 2 July 1998) was an English journalist and translator from Italian, French, German and Spanish. He translated work by Ignazio Silone and Sigmund Freud. Title: Translation Passage: When a historic document survives only in translation, the original having been lost, researchers sometimes undertake back-translation in an effort to reconstruct the original text. An example involves the novel The Saragossa Manuscript by the Polish aristocrat Jan Potocki (1761–1815), who wrote the novel in French and anonymously published fragments in 1804 and 1813–14. Portions of the original French-language manuscript were subsequently lost; however, the missing fragments survived in a Polish translation that was made by Edmund Chojecki in 1847 from a complete French copy, now lost. French-language versions of the complete Saragossa Manuscript have since been produced, based on extant French-language fragments and on French-language versions that have been back-translated from Chojecki’s Polish version. Title: Robotboy Passage: Robotboy is a British/French animated children's television series which is produced by French production company Alphanim for France 3 and Cartoon Network Europe, as well as the studios LuxAnimation and Cofinova 1. It was created and designed by Jan Van Rijsselberge and was directed in Alphanim's studio in Paris by Charlie Bean, who worked on other programs such as "Dexter's Laboratory", "The Powerpuff Girls", and "Samurai Jack". The series first aired in the United Kingdom on 1 November 2005 on Cartoon Network. It premiered in the United States on 28 December 2005 as part of a "sneak peek" preview week for the network's new Saturday morning cartoon lineup that debuted on 14 January 2006. Reruns of the show are still airing in United Kingdom, France, Italy, the Netherlands, Belgium and Germany, as well in some Latin American countries like Venezuela and Colombia, but is no longer shown in Eastern Europe, the United States or Asian territories. Title: Annie Saumont Passage: Saumont started as a specialist in English literature and an English to French translator. She has translated books by V.S. Naipaul, Nadine Gordimer and John Fowles among others. Title: The Blood Rose Passage: The Blood Rose () is a 1970 French horror film directed and co-written by Claude Mulot. The French title translates as "The Flayed Rose". Title: Nicolas Lancret Passage: Nicolas Lancret (22 January 1690 – 14 September 1743) was a French painter. Born in Paris, he was a brilliant depicter of light comedy which reflected the tastes and manners of French society under the regent Orleans. Title: Charles-Henri Sanson Passage: Charles-Henri Sanson, full title "Chevalier Charles-Henri Sanson de Longval" (15 February 1739 – 4 July 1806), was the royal executioner of France during the reign of King Louis XVI, and High Executioner of the First French Republic. He administered capital punishment in the city of Paris for over forty years, and by his own hand executed nearly 3,000 people, including the King himself. Title: War and Peace Passage: War and Peace Front page of War and Peace, first edition, 1869 (Russian) Author Leo Tolstoy Original title Война и миръ Translator The first translation of War and Peace into English was by American Nathan Haskell Dole, in 1899 Country Russia Language Russian, with some French Genre Novel (Historical novel) Publisher The Russian Messenger (serial) Publication date Serialised 1865 -- 1867; book 1869 Media type Print Pages 1,225 (first published edition)	[ "Charles-Henri Sanson", "Edmund Burke", "Robotboy" ]
2hop__681383_84477	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The NRA, symbolized by the Blue Eagle, was popular with workers. Businesses that supported the NRA put the symbol in their shop windows and on their packages, though they did not always go along with the regulations entailed. Though membership to the NRA was voluntary, businesses that did not display the eagle were very often boycotted, making it seem mandatory for survival to many.", "title": "National Recovery Administration" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The University of Deusto (; ) is a Spanish private university owned by the Society of Jesus, with campuses in Bilbao and San Sebastián, and the Deusto Business School branch in Madrid. The University of Deusto is the oldest private university in Spain.", "title": "University of Deusto" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Darwin Sound is an expanse of seawater which forms a westward continuation of the Beagle Channel and links it to the Pacific Ocean at Londonderry Island and Stewart Island, not far from the southern tip of South America. It thus forms a navigable link across Tierra del Fuego between the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans as an alternative to going round the hazardous rocky headland of Cape Horn.", "title": "Darwin Sound" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Richmond Field is a privately owned, public use airport located two nautical miles (4 km) southeast of the central business district of Gregory, a city in Livingston County, Michigan, United States.", "title": "Richmond Field" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Manokotak Airport is a state-owned public-use airport located one mile (2 km) north of the central business district of Manokotak, a city in the Dillingham Census Area of the U.S. state of Alaska.", "title": "Manokotak Airport" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Plainville Airpark was a city-owned, public-use airport located three nautical miles (6 km) south of the central business district of Plainville, a city in Rooks County, Kansas, United States.", "title": "Plainville Airpark" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Harvard Business School (HBS) is the graduate business school of Harvard University in Boston, Massachusetts. The school offers a large full-time MBA program, doctoral programs, HBS Online and many executive education programs. It owns Harvard Business Publishing, which publishes business books, leadership articles, online management tools for corporate learning, case studies and the monthly \"Harvard Business Review\". It is home to the Baker Library/Bloomberg Center.", "title": "Harvard Business School" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "There is a sizable Somali community in the United Arab Emirates. Somali-owned businesses line the streets of Deira, the Dubai city centre, with only Iranians exporting more products from the city at large. Internet cafés, hotels, coffee shops, restaurants and import-export businesses are all testimony to the Somalis' entrepreneurial spirit. Star African Air is also one of three Somali-owned airlines which are based in Dubai.", "title": "Somalis" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Southern Ocean did not appear in the 1953 third edition because ``... the northern limits... are difficult to lay down owing to their seasonal change... Hydrographic Offices who issue separate publications dealing with this area are therefore left to decide their own northern limits. (Great Britain uses the Latitude of 55 ° South) ''. Instead, in the IHO 1953 publication, the Atlantic, Indian and Pacific Oceans were extended southward, the Indian and Pacific Oceans (which had not previously touched pre 1953, as per the first and second editions) now abutted at the meridian of South East Cape, and the southern limits of the Great Australian Bight and the Tasman Sea were moved northwards.", "title": "Borders of the oceans" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The World Centre is an office skyscraper located in Makati, Philippines. It is owned by Megaworld Corp. It stands at 152.4 metres (500 feet), and is located on the largest central business district of the country.", "title": "The World Centre" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The RMMV \"Oceanic\" (Royal Mail Motor Vessel) was the planned name of an unfinished ocean liner that was partially built by Harland and Wolff for the White Star Line. The ship was to have been the first -long ocean liner. It was intended to be the largest ocean liner for the White Star Line, thus it would have been larger than the earlier White Star giants, \"Olympic\", \"Titanic\", \"Britannic\", and \"Majestic.\"", "title": "Oceanic (unfinished ship)" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "SS \"Minnehaha\" was a 13,443-ton ocean liner built by Harland and Wolff and launched on 31 March 1900. Operated by the American-owned Atlantic Transport Line, she was the sister ship of , , and \"Minnewaska\".", "title": "SS Minnehaha" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Bye Bye Nerdie\" is the sixteenth episode of the twelfth season of the American animated sitcom \"The Simpsons\". It originally aired on the Fox network in the United States on March 11, 2001. In the episode, after Lisa becomes the target of a female bully named Francine, she discovers a scientific reason as to why bullies pick on nerds and demonstrates her findings at a science conference. Meanwhile, Homer goes into the childproofing business, causing baby-injury-related businesses to go in decline.", "title": "Bye Bye Nerdie" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Schwarzenegger rolled profits from the mail order business and his bodybuilding competition winnings into his first real estate investment venture: an apartment building he purchased for $10,000. He would later go on to invest in a number of real estate holding companies.", "title": "Arnold Schwarzenegger" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``Mind Your Own Business ''Single by Hank Williams B - side`` There'll Be No Teardrops Tonight'' Released July 1949 Recorded March 1, 1949 Studio Castle Studio, Nashville Genre Country, blues, rock and roll Length 2: 47 Label MGM Songwriter (s) Hank Williams Producer (s) Fred Rose Hank Williams singles chronology ``Wedding Bells ''(1949)`` Mind Your Own Business'' (1949) ``You're Gonna Change (Or I'm Gonna Leave) ''(1949)`` Wedding Bells'' (1949) ``Mind Your Own Business ''(1949)`` You're Gonna Change (Or I'm Gonna Leave)'' (1949)", "title": "Mind Your Own Business (song)" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Way to Go is a British television sitcom, created by American television writer and producer Bob Kushell, about three men who start an assisted suicide business. The series premiered on BBC Three on 17 January 2013 and ran to six 30-minute episodes. In July 2013 it was announced that \"Way to Go\" had been axed after one series.", "title": "Way to Go (TV series)" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Michael J. Maker (born on February 7, 1969) is an American trainer of Thoroughbred racehorses. The son of a trainer, he learned the business from his father then set up his own public stable in 1991. In 1993 he went to work as an assistant to U.S. Racing Hall of Fame trainer D. Wayne Lukas where he remained until going out on his own again in 2003.", "title": "Michael J. Maker" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "White Star Line Former type Partnership Industry Shipping, transportation Fate merged with Cunard Line Successor Cunard White Star Line Founded 1845 (1845) in Liverpool, England Defunct 1934 Area served Transatlantic Parent Ismay, Imrie and Co. Website www.cunard.co.uk", "title": "White Star Line" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Skipton Business Finance is a UK factoring and Invoice discounting company, founded and based in Skipton, North Yorkshire. It is a wholly owned subsidiary of Skipton Building Society.", "title": "Skipton Business Finance" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Luke Temple is an American pop-folk singer-songwriter. He records under his own name and with New York-based band Here We Go Magic.", "title": "Luke Temple" } ]	When did the owner of Oceanic go out of business?	1934	[]	Title: Michael J. Maker Passage: Michael J. Maker (born on February 7, 1969) is an American trainer of Thoroughbred racehorses. The son of a trainer, he learned the business from his father then set up his own public stable in 1991. In 1993 he went to work as an assistant to U.S. Racing Hall of Fame trainer D. Wayne Lukas where he remained until going out on his own again in 2003. Title: SS Minnehaha Passage: SS "Minnehaha" was a 13,443-ton ocean liner built by Harland and Wolff and launched on 31 March 1900. Operated by the American-owned Atlantic Transport Line, she was the sister ship of , , and "Minnewaska". Title: Mind Your Own Business (song) Passage: ``Mind Your Own Business ''Single by Hank Williams B - side`` There'll Be No Teardrops Tonight'' Released July 1949 Recorded March 1, 1949 Studio Castle Studio, Nashville Genre Country, blues, rock and roll Length 2: 47 Label MGM Songwriter (s) Hank Williams Producer (s) Fred Rose Hank Williams singles chronology ``Wedding Bells ''(1949)`` Mind Your Own Business'' (1949) ``You're Gonna Change (Or I'm Gonna Leave) ''(1949)`` Wedding Bells'' (1949) ``Mind Your Own Business ''(1949)`` You're Gonna Change (Or I'm Gonna Leave)'' (1949) Title: Somalis Passage: There is a sizable Somali community in the United Arab Emirates. Somali-owned businesses line the streets of Deira, the Dubai city centre, with only Iranians exporting more products from the city at large. Internet cafés, hotels, coffee shops, restaurants and import-export businesses are all testimony to the Somalis' entrepreneurial spirit. Star African Air is also one of three Somali-owned airlines which are based in Dubai. Title: Oceanic (unfinished ship) Passage: The RMMV "Oceanic" (Royal Mail Motor Vessel) was the planned name of an unfinished ocean liner that was partially built by Harland and Wolff for the White Star Line. The ship was to have been the first -long ocean liner. It was intended to be the largest ocean liner for the White Star Line, thus it would have been larger than the earlier White Star giants, "Olympic", "Titanic", "Britannic", and "Majestic." Title: Plainville Airpark Passage: Plainville Airpark was a city-owned, public-use airport located three nautical miles (6 km) south of the central business district of Plainville, a city in Rooks County, Kansas, United States. Title: National Recovery Administration Passage: The NRA, symbolized by the Blue Eagle, was popular with workers. Businesses that supported the NRA put the symbol in their shop windows and on their packages, though they did not always go along with the regulations entailed. Though membership to the NRA was voluntary, businesses that did not display the eagle were very often boycotted, making it seem mandatory for survival to many. Title: Borders of the oceans Passage: The Southern Ocean did not appear in the 1953 third edition because ``... the northern limits... are difficult to lay down owing to their seasonal change... Hydrographic Offices who issue separate publications dealing with this area are therefore left to decide their own northern limits. (Great Britain uses the Latitude of 55 ° South) ''. Instead, in the IHO 1953 publication, the Atlantic, Indian and Pacific Oceans were extended southward, the Indian and Pacific Oceans (which had not previously touched pre 1953, as per the first and second editions) now abutted at the meridian of South East Cape, and the southern limits of the Great Australian Bight and the Tasman Sea were moved northwards. Title: Luke Temple Passage: Luke Temple is an American pop-folk singer-songwriter. He records under his own name and with New York-based band Here We Go Magic. Title: Richmond Field Passage: Richmond Field is a privately owned, public use airport located two nautical miles (4 km) southeast of the central business district of Gregory, a city in Livingston County, Michigan, United States. Title: Skipton Business Finance Passage: Skipton Business Finance is a UK factoring and Invoice discounting company, founded and based in Skipton, North Yorkshire. It is a wholly owned subsidiary of Skipton Building Society. Title: Way to Go (TV series) Passage: Way to Go is a British television sitcom, created by American television writer and producer Bob Kushell, about three men who start an assisted suicide business. The series premiered on BBC Three on 17 January 2013 and ran to six 30-minute episodes. In July 2013 it was announced that "Way to Go" had been axed after one series. Title: The World Centre Passage: The World Centre is an office skyscraper located in Makati, Philippines. It is owned by Megaworld Corp. It stands at 152.4 metres (500 feet), and is located on the largest central business district of the country. Title: University of Deusto Passage: The University of Deusto (; ) is a Spanish private university owned by the Society of Jesus, with campuses in Bilbao and San Sebastián, and the Deusto Business School branch in Madrid. The University of Deusto is the oldest private university in Spain. Title: Darwin Sound Passage: The Darwin Sound is an expanse of seawater which forms a westward continuation of the Beagle Channel and links it to the Pacific Ocean at Londonderry Island and Stewart Island, not far from the southern tip of South America. It thus forms a navigable link across Tierra del Fuego between the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans as an alternative to going round the hazardous rocky headland of Cape Horn. Title: White Star Line Passage: White Star Line Former type Partnership Industry Shipping, transportation Fate merged with Cunard Line Successor Cunard White Star Line Founded 1845 (1845) in Liverpool, England Defunct 1934 Area served Transatlantic Parent Ismay, Imrie and Co. Website www.cunard.co.uk Title: Bye Bye Nerdie Passage: "Bye Bye Nerdie" is the sixteenth episode of the twelfth season of the American animated sitcom "The Simpsons". It originally aired on the Fox network in the United States on March 11, 2001. In the episode, after Lisa becomes the target of a female bully named Francine, she discovers a scientific reason as to why bullies pick on nerds and demonstrates her findings at a science conference. Meanwhile, Homer goes into the childproofing business, causing baby-injury-related businesses to go in decline. Title: Manokotak Airport Passage: Manokotak Airport is a state-owned public-use airport located one mile (2 km) north of the central business district of Manokotak, a city in the Dillingham Census Area of the U.S. state of Alaska. Title: Arnold Schwarzenegger Passage: Schwarzenegger rolled profits from the mail order business and his bodybuilding competition winnings into his first real estate investment venture: an apartment building he purchased for $10,000. He would later go on to invest in a number of real estate holding companies. Title: Harvard Business School Passage: Harvard Business School (HBS) is the graduate business school of Harvard University in Boston, Massachusetts. The school offers a large full-time MBA program, doctoral programs, HBS Online and many executive education programs. It owns Harvard Business Publishing, which publishes business books, leadership articles, online management tools for corporate learning, case studies and the monthly "Harvard Business Review". It is home to the Baker Library/Bloomberg Center.	[ "Oceanic (unfinished ship)", "White Star Line" ]
2hop__74090_16154	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Battle of Bennington was a battle of the American Revolutionary War, part of the Saratoga campaign, that took place on August 16, 1777, in Walloomsac, New York, about 10 miles (16 km) from its namesake Bennington, Vermont. A rebel force of 2,000 men, primarily New Hampshire and Massachusetts militiamen, led by General John Stark, and reinforced by Vermont militiamen led by Colonel Seth Warner and members of the Green Mountain Boys, decisively defeated a detachment of General John Burgoyne's army led by Lieutenant Colonel Friedrich Baum, and supported by additional men under Lieutenant Colonel Heinrich von Breymann.", "title": "Battle of Bennington" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Burgoyne found himself trapped by superior American forces with no relief in sight, so he retreated to Saratoga (now Schuylerville) and surrendered his entire army there on October 17. His surrender, says historian Edmund Morgan, ``was a great turning point of the war because it won for Americans the foreign assistance which was the last element needed for victory. ''", "title": "Battles of Saratoga" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Americans with Sub-Saharan African ancestry for historical reasons: slavery, partus sequitur ventrem, one-eighth law, the one-drop rule of 20th-century legislation, have frequently been classified as black (historically) or African American, even if they have significant European American or Native American ancestry. As slavery became a racial caste, those who were enslaved and others of any African ancestry were classified by what is termed \"hypodescent\" according to the lower status ethnic group. Many of majority European ancestry and appearance \"married white\" and assimilated into white society for its social and economic advantages, such as generations of families identified as Melungeons, now generally classified as white but demonstrated genetically to be of European and sub-Saharan African ancestry.", "title": "Multiracial Americans" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Louis Bastoul was a general French in the French Revolutionary Wars. He was born in Montolieu 19 August 1753, and died in Munich on 15 January 1801, of wounds received at the Battle of Hohenlinden.", "title": "Louis Bastoul" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Corruption facilitates environmental destruction. While corrupt societies may have formal legislation to protect the environment, it cannot be enforced if officials can easily be bribed. The same applies to social rights worker protection, unionization prevention, and child labor. Violation of these laws rights enables corrupt countries to gain illegitimate economic advantage in the international market.", "title": "Political corruption" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Critics note that people of color have limited media visibility. The Brazilian media has been accused of hiding or overlooking the nation's Black, Indigenous, Multiracial and East Asian populations. For example, the telenovelas or soaps are criticized for featuring actors who resemble northern Europeans rather than actors of the more prevalent Southern European features) and light-skinned mulatto and mestizo appearance. (Pardos may achieve \"white\" status if they have attained the middle-class or higher social status).", "title": "Black people" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The British had taken Philadelphia in 1777, but American victory at the Battle of Saratoga brought back hope to the Patriots and enthusiasm in France. The army of Burgoyne surrendered to American forces after Saratoga and France realized that the United States could be victorious. The king directed Vergennes to negotiate an alliance with the Americans.", "title": "France in the American Revolutionary War" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "About one - third of the battles of the American Revolutionary War took place in New York; the first major battle after U.S. independence was declared -- and the largest battle of the entire war -- was fought in New York at the Battle of Long Island (a.k.a. Battle of Brooklyn) in August 1776. After their victory, the British occupied New York City, making it their military and political base of operations in North America for the duration of the conflict, and consequently the focus of General George Washington's intelligence network. On the notorious British prison ships of Wallabout Bay, more American combatants died of intentional neglect than were killed in combat in every battle of the war combined. Both sides of combatants lost more soldiers to disease than to outright wounds. The first of two major British armies were captured by the Continental Army at the Battle of Saratoga in 1777, a success that influenced France to ally with the revolutionaries. The state constitution was enacted in 1777. New York became the 11th state to ratify the United States Constitution, on July 26, 1788.", "title": "New York (state)" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Multiracial Americans are Americans who have mixed ancestry of \"two or more races\". The term may also include Americans of mixed-race ancestry who self-identify with just one group culturally and socially (cf. the one-drop rule). In the 2010 US census, approximately 9 million individuals, or 2.9% of the population, self-identified as multiracial. There is evidence that an accounting by genetic ancestry would produce a higher number, but people live according to social and cultural identities, not DNA. Historical reasons, including slavery creating a racial caste and the European-American suppression of Native Americans, often led people to identify or be classified by only one ethnicity, generally that of the culture in which they were raised. Prior to the mid-20th century, many people hid their multiracial heritage because of racial discrimination against minorities. While many Americans may be biologically multiracial, they often do not know it or do not identify so culturally, any more than they maintain all the differing traditions of a variety of national ancestries.", "title": "Multiracial Americans" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Maryland Line continued to distinguish itself in the later battles of the Southern theater of the American Revolutionary War with Gunby continuing to command the 1st Maryland Regiment.", "title": "John Gunby" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "After a lengthy period of formal racial segregation in the former Confederacy following the Reconstruction Era, and bans on interracial marriage in various parts of the country, more people are openly forming interracial unions. In addition, social conditions have changed and many multiracial people do not believe it is socially advantageous to try to \"pass\" as white. Diverse immigration has brought more mixed-race people into the United States, such as the large population of Hispanics identifying as mestizos. Since the 1980s, the United States has had a growing multiracial identity movement (cf. Loving Day). Because more Americans have insisted on being allowed to acknowledge their mixed racial origins, the 2000 census for the first time allowed residents to check more than one ethno-racial identity and thereby identify as multiracial. In 2008 Barack Obama was elected as the first multiracial President of the United States; he acknowledges both sides of his family and identifies as African American.", "title": "Multiracial Americans" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Battle of Hohenlinden was fought on 3 December 1800, during the French Revolutionary Wars. A French army under Jean Victor Marie Moreau won a decisive victory over the Austrians and Bavarians led by Archduke John of Austria. After being forced into a disastrous retreat, the allies were compelled to request an armistice that effectively ended the War of the Second Coalition. Hohenlinden is 33 km east of Munich in modern Germany.", "title": "Battle of Hohenlinden" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "An Islamist movement influenced by Salafism and the jihad in Afghanistan, as well as the Muslim Brotherhood, was the FIS or Front Islamique de Salut (the Islamic Salvation Front) in Algeria. Founded as a broad Islamist coalition in 1989 it was led by Abbassi Madani, and a charismatic Islamist young preacher, Ali Belhadj. Taking advantage of economic failure and unpopular social liberalization and secularization by the ruling leftist-nationalist FLN government, it used its preaching to advocate the establishment of a legal system following Sharia law, economic liberalization and development program, education in Arabic rather than French, and gender segregation, with women staying home to alleviate the high rate of unemployment among young Algerian men. The FIS won sweeping victories in local elections and it was going to win national elections in 1991 when voting was canceled by a military coup d'état.", "title": "Islamism" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "For African Americans, the one-drop rule was a significant factor in ethnic solidarity. African Americans generally shared a common cause in society regardless of their multiracial admixture, or social/economic stratification. Additionally, African Americans found it, near, impossible to learn about their Indigenous American heritage as many family elders withheld pertinent genealogical information. Tracing the genealogy of African Americans can be a very difficult process, especially for descendants of Indigenous Americans, because African Americans who were slaves were forbidden to learn to read and write, and a majority of Indigenous Americans neither spoke English, nor read or wrote it.", "title": "Multiracial Americans" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "After the Civil War, racial segregation forced African Americans to share more of a common lot in society than they might have given widely varying ancestry, educational and economic levels. The binary division altered the separate status of the traditionally free people of color in Louisiana, for instance, although they maintained a strong Louisiana Créole culture related to French culture and language, and practice of Catholicism. African Americans began to create common cause—regardless of their multiracial admixture or social and economic stratification. In 20th-century changes, during the rise of the Civil Rights and Black Power movements, the African-American community increased its own pressure for people of any portion of African descent to be claimed by the black community to add to its power.", "title": "Multiracial Americans" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "John Burgoyne is best known for his role in the American Revolutionary War. He designed an invasion scheme and was appointed to command a force moving south from Canada to split away New England and end the rebellion. Burgoyne advanced from Canada but his slow movement allowed the Americans to concentrate their forces. Instead of coming to his aid according to the overall plan, the British Army in New York City moved south to capture Philadelphia. Surrounded, Burgoyne fought two small battles near Saratoga to break out. Trapped by superior American forces, with no relief in sight, Burgoyne surrendered his entire army of 6,200 men on 17 October 1777. His surrender, says historian Edmund Morgan, \"was a great turning point of the war, because it won for Americans the foreign assistance which was the last element needed for victory\". He and his officers returned to England; the enlisted men became prisoners of war. Burgoyne came under sharp criticism when he returned to London, and never held another active command.", "title": "John Burgoyne" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Battle of Latakia (; ) was a small but revolutionary naval action of the Yom Kippur War, fought on 7 October 1973 between Israel and Syria. It was the first naval battle in history to see combat between surface-to-surface missile-equipped missile boats and the use of electronic deception.", "title": "Battle of Latakia" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Many Latin American migrants have been mestizo, Amerindian, or other mixed race. Multiracial Latinos have limited media appearance; critics have accused the U.S. Hispanic media of overlooking the brown-skinned indigenous and multiracial Hispanic and black Hispanic populations by over-representation of blond and blue/green-eyed white Hispanic and Latino Americans (who resemble Scandinavians and other Northern Europeans rather than they look like white Hispanic and Latino Americans mostly of typical Southern European features), and also light-skinned mulatto and mestizo Hispanic and Latino Americans (often deemed as white persons in U.S. Hispanic and Latino populations if achieving the middle class or higher social status), especially some of the actors on the telenovelas.", "title": "Multiracial Americans" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Captain John Hutt (1746 – 30 June 1794) was an officer of the British Royal Navy who served with distinction during the American Revolutionary War and died in 1794 from severe wounds received during the battle of the Glorious First of June, the first major naval battle of the French Revolutionary Wars. Hutt's ship, HMS \"Queen\" was heavily engaged in the action and in celebration of his career and death, a monument was raised to him and the other dead Royal Navy captains of the battle. Hutt Island, British Columbia, is named after him.", "title": "John Hutt (Royal Navy officer)" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Battles of Saratoga (September 19 and October 7, 1777) marked the climax of the Saratoga campaign, giving a decisive victory to the Americans over the British in the American Revolutionary War. British General John Burgoyne led a large invasion army southward from Canada in the Champlain Valley, hoping to meet a similar British force marching northward from New York City and another British force marching eastward from Lake Ontario; the southern and western forces never arrived, and Burgoyne was surrounded by American forces in upstate New York. He fought two small battles to break out which took place 18 days apart on the same ground, 9 miles (14 km) south of Saratoga, New York. They both failed.", "title": "Battles of Saratoga" } ]	How did many multiracial people of the same nationality as those who won the Battle of Saratoga in the Revolutionary War attain social and economic advantages?	Many of majority European ancestry and appearance "married white" and assimilated into white society	[]	Title: John Hutt (Royal Navy officer) Passage: Captain John Hutt (1746 – 30 June 1794) was an officer of the British Royal Navy who served with distinction during the American Revolutionary War and died in 1794 from severe wounds received during the battle of the Glorious First of June, the first major naval battle of the French Revolutionary Wars. Hutt's ship, HMS "Queen" was heavily engaged in the action and in celebration of his career and death, a monument was raised to him and the other dead Royal Navy captains of the battle. Hutt Island, British Columbia, is named after him. Title: Battles of Saratoga Passage: Burgoyne found himself trapped by superior American forces with no relief in sight, so he retreated to Saratoga (now Schuylerville) and surrendered his entire army there on October 17. His surrender, says historian Edmund Morgan, ``was a great turning point of the war because it won for Americans the foreign assistance which was the last element needed for victory. '' Title: New York (state) Passage: About one - third of the battles of the American Revolutionary War took place in New York; the first major battle after U.S. independence was declared -- and the largest battle of the entire war -- was fought in New York at the Battle of Long Island (a.k.a. Battle of Brooklyn) in August 1776. After their victory, the British occupied New York City, making it their military and political base of operations in North America for the duration of the conflict, and consequently the focus of General George Washington's intelligence network. On the notorious British prison ships of Wallabout Bay, more American combatants died of intentional neglect than were killed in combat in every battle of the war combined. Both sides of combatants lost more soldiers to disease than to outright wounds. The first of two major British armies were captured by the Continental Army at the Battle of Saratoga in 1777, a success that influenced France to ally with the revolutionaries. The state constitution was enacted in 1777. New York became the 11th state to ratify the United States Constitution, on July 26, 1788. Title: Islamism Passage: An Islamist movement influenced by Salafism and the jihad in Afghanistan, as well as the Muslim Brotherhood, was the FIS or Front Islamique de Salut (the Islamic Salvation Front) in Algeria. Founded as a broad Islamist coalition in 1989 it was led by Abbassi Madani, and a charismatic Islamist young preacher, Ali Belhadj. Taking advantage of economic failure and unpopular social liberalization and secularization by the ruling leftist-nationalist FLN government, it used its preaching to advocate the establishment of a legal system following Sharia law, economic liberalization and development program, education in Arabic rather than French, and gender segregation, with women staying home to alleviate the high rate of unemployment among young Algerian men. The FIS won sweeping victories in local elections and it was going to win national elections in 1991 when voting was canceled by a military coup d'état. Title: Multiracial Americans Passage: Multiracial Americans are Americans who have mixed ancestry of "two or more races". The term may also include Americans of mixed-race ancestry who self-identify with just one group culturally and socially (cf. the one-drop rule). In the 2010 US census, approximately 9 million individuals, or 2.9% of the population, self-identified as multiracial. There is evidence that an accounting by genetic ancestry would produce a higher number, but people live according to social and cultural identities, not DNA. Historical reasons, including slavery creating a racial caste and the European-American suppression of Native Americans, often led people to identify or be classified by only one ethnicity, generally that of the culture in which they were raised. Prior to the mid-20th century, many people hid their multiracial heritage because of racial discrimination against minorities. While many Americans may be biologically multiracial, they often do not know it or do not identify so culturally, any more than they maintain all the differing traditions of a variety of national ancestries. Title: Multiracial Americans Passage: For African Americans, the one-drop rule was a significant factor in ethnic solidarity. African Americans generally shared a common cause in society regardless of their multiracial admixture, or social/economic stratification. Additionally, African Americans found it, near, impossible to learn about their Indigenous American heritage as many family elders withheld pertinent genealogical information. Tracing the genealogy of African Americans can be a very difficult process, especially for descendants of Indigenous Americans, because African Americans who were slaves were forbidden to learn to read and write, and a majority of Indigenous Americans neither spoke English, nor read or wrote it. Title: John Gunby Passage: The Maryland Line continued to distinguish itself in the later battles of the Southern theater of the American Revolutionary War with Gunby continuing to command the 1st Maryland Regiment. Title: Louis Bastoul Passage: Louis Bastoul was a general French in the French Revolutionary Wars. He was born in Montolieu 19 August 1753, and died in Munich on 15 January 1801, of wounds received at the Battle of Hohenlinden. Title: John Burgoyne Passage: John Burgoyne is best known for his role in the American Revolutionary War. He designed an invasion scheme and was appointed to command a force moving south from Canada to split away New England and end the rebellion. Burgoyne advanced from Canada but his slow movement allowed the Americans to concentrate their forces. Instead of coming to his aid according to the overall plan, the British Army in New York City moved south to capture Philadelphia. Surrounded, Burgoyne fought two small battles near Saratoga to break out. Trapped by superior American forces, with no relief in sight, Burgoyne surrendered his entire army of 6,200 men on 17 October 1777. His surrender, says historian Edmund Morgan, "was a great turning point of the war, because it won for Americans the foreign assistance which was the last element needed for victory". He and his officers returned to England; the enlisted men became prisoners of war. Burgoyne came under sharp criticism when he returned to London, and never held another active command. Title: Multiracial Americans Passage: After a lengthy period of formal racial segregation in the former Confederacy following the Reconstruction Era, and bans on interracial marriage in various parts of the country, more people are openly forming interracial unions. In addition, social conditions have changed and many multiracial people do not believe it is socially advantageous to try to "pass" as white. Diverse immigration has brought more mixed-race people into the United States, such as the large population of Hispanics identifying as mestizos. Since the 1980s, the United States has had a growing multiracial identity movement (cf. Loving Day). Because more Americans have insisted on being allowed to acknowledge their mixed racial origins, the 2000 census for the first time allowed residents to check more than one ethno-racial identity and thereby identify as multiracial. In 2008 Barack Obama was elected as the first multiracial President of the United States; he acknowledges both sides of his family and identifies as African American. Title: Battle of Latakia Passage: The Battle of Latakia (; ) was a small but revolutionary naval action of the Yom Kippur War, fought on 7 October 1973 between Israel and Syria. It was the first naval battle in history to see combat between surface-to-surface missile-equipped missile boats and the use of electronic deception. Title: Battle of Bennington Passage: The Battle of Bennington was a battle of the American Revolutionary War, part of the Saratoga campaign, that took place on August 16, 1777, in Walloomsac, New York, about 10 miles (16 km) from its namesake Bennington, Vermont. A rebel force of 2,000 men, primarily New Hampshire and Massachusetts militiamen, led by General John Stark, and reinforced by Vermont militiamen led by Colonel Seth Warner and members of the Green Mountain Boys, decisively defeated a detachment of General John Burgoyne's army led by Lieutenant Colonel Friedrich Baum, and supported by additional men under Lieutenant Colonel Heinrich von Breymann. Title: Multiracial Americans Passage: Many Latin American migrants have been mestizo, Amerindian, or other mixed race. Multiracial Latinos have limited media appearance; critics have accused the U.S. Hispanic media of overlooking the brown-skinned indigenous and multiracial Hispanic and black Hispanic populations by over-representation of blond and blue/green-eyed white Hispanic and Latino Americans (who resemble Scandinavians and other Northern Europeans rather than they look like white Hispanic and Latino Americans mostly of typical Southern European features), and also light-skinned mulatto and mestizo Hispanic and Latino Americans (often deemed as white persons in U.S. Hispanic and Latino populations if achieving the middle class or higher social status), especially some of the actors on the telenovelas. Title: Black people Passage: Critics note that people of color have limited media visibility. The Brazilian media has been accused of hiding or overlooking the nation's Black, Indigenous, Multiracial and East Asian populations. For example, the telenovelas or soaps are criticized for featuring actors who resemble northern Europeans rather than actors of the more prevalent Southern European features) and light-skinned mulatto and mestizo appearance. (Pardos may achieve "white" status if they have attained the middle-class or higher social status). Title: Multiracial Americans Passage: Americans with Sub-Saharan African ancestry for historical reasons: slavery, partus sequitur ventrem, one-eighth law, the one-drop rule of 20th-century legislation, have frequently been classified as black (historically) or African American, even if they have significant European American or Native American ancestry. As slavery became a racial caste, those who were enslaved and others of any African ancestry were classified by what is termed "hypodescent" according to the lower status ethnic group. Many of majority European ancestry and appearance "married white" and assimilated into white society for its social and economic advantages, such as generations of families identified as Melungeons, now generally classified as white but demonstrated genetically to be of European and sub-Saharan African ancestry. Title: France in the American Revolutionary War Passage: The British had taken Philadelphia in 1777, but American victory at the Battle of Saratoga brought back hope to the Patriots and enthusiasm in France. The army of Burgoyne surrendered to American forces after Saratoga and France realized that the United States could be victorious. The king directed Vergennes to negotiate an alliance with the Americans. Title: Battles of Saratoga Passage: The Battles of Saratoga (September 19 and October 7, 1777) marked the climax of the Saratoga campaign, giving a decisive victory to the Americans over the British in the American Revolutionary War. British General John Burgoyne led a large invasion army southward from Canada in the Champlain Valley, hoping to meet a similar British force marching northward from New York City and another British force marching eastward from Lake Ontario; the southern and western forces never arrived, and Burgoyne was surrounded by American forces in upstate New York. He fought two small battles to break out which took place 18 days apart on the same ground, 9 miles (14 km) south of Saratoga, New York. They both failed. Title: Political corruption Passage: Corruption facilitates environmental destruction. While corrupt societies may have formal legislation to protect the environment, it cannot be enforced if officials can easily be bribed. The same applies to social rights worker protection, unionization prevention, and child labor. Violation of these laws rights enables corrupt countries to gain illegitimate economic advantage in the international market. Title: Battle of Hohenlinden Passage: The Battle of Hohenlinden was fought on 3 December 1800, during the French Revolutionary Wars. A French army under Jean Victor Marie Moreau won a decisive victory over the Austrians and Bavarians led by Archduke John of Austria. After being forced into a disastrous retreat, the allies were compelled to request an armistice that effectively ended the War of the Second Coalition. Hohenlinden is 33 km east of Munich in modern Germany. Title: Multiracial Americans Passage: After the Civil War, racial segregation forced African Americans to share more of a common lot in society than they might have given widely varying ancestry, educational and economic levels. The binary division altered the separate status of the traditionally free people of color in Louisiana, for instance, although they maintained a strong Louisiana Créole culture related to French culture and language, and practice of Catholicism. African Americans began to create common cause—regardless of their multiracial admixture or social and economic stratification. In 20th-century changes, during the rise of the Civil Rights and Black Power movements, the African-American community increased its own pressure for people of any portion of African descent to be claimed by the black community to add to its power.	[ "Battles of Saratoga", "Multiracial Americans" ]
4hop1__50525_83359_48661_15069	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In the 1950s, the Ethiopian feudal administration under Emperor Haile Selassie sought to annex Eritrea and Italian Somaliland. He laid claim to both territories in a letter to Franklin D. Roosevelt at the Paris Peace Conference and at the First Session of the United Nations. In the United Nations, the debate over the fate of the former Italian colonies continued. The British and Americans preferred to cede all of Eritrea except the Western province to the Ethiopians as a reward for their support during World War II. The Independence Bloc of Eritrean parties consistently requested from the UN General Assembly that a referendum be held immediately to settle the Eritrean question of sovereignty.", "title": "Eritrea" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Black Hawk helicopter series can perform a wide array of missions, including the tactical transport of troops, electronic warfare, and aeromedical evacuation. A VIP version known as the VH - 60N is used to transport important government officials (e.g., Congress, Executive departments) with the helicopter's call sign of ``Marine One ''when transporting the President of the United States. In air assault operations, it can move a squad of 11 combat troops or reposition a 105 mm M119 howitzer with 30 rounds ammunition, and a four - man crew in a single lift. The Black Hawk is equipped with advanced avionics and electronics for increased survivability and capability, such as the Global Positioning System.", "title": "Sikorsky UH-60 Black Hawk" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Gytheio used to be an important port until it was destroyed in 4th century AD, possibly by an earthquake. Even thereafter its strategic location gave Gytheio a significant role in Maniot history. Today it is the largest and most important town in Mani. It is also the seat of the municipality of East Mani.", "title": "Gytheio" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Space Race began on August 2, 1955, when the Soviet Union responded to the US announcement four days earlier of intent to launch artificial satellites for the International Geophysical Year, by declaring they would also launch a satellite ``in the near future ''. The Soviet Union beat the US to this, with the October 4, 1957, orbiting of Sputnik 1, and later beat the US to the first human in space, Yuri Gagarin, on April 12, 1961. The`` race'' peaked with the July 20, 1969, US landing of the first humans on the Moon with Apollo 11. The USSR tried but failed crewed lunar missions, and eventually canceled them and concentrated on Earth orbital space stations.", "title": "Space Race" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Petroleum refining in the United States in 2013 produced 18.9 million barrels per day of refined petroleum products, more than any other country. Although the US was the world's largest net importer of refined petroleum products as recently as 2008, the US became a net exporter in 2010, and in 2014 was the largest exporter and the largest net exporter of refined petroleum. As of January 2015, there were 137 operating refineries in the US, distributed among 30 states.", "title": "Petroleum refining in the United States" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "US troops participated in a UN peacekeeping mission in Somalia beginning in 1992. By 1993 the US troops were augmented with Rangers and special forces with the aim of capturing warlord Mohamed Farrah Aidid, whose forces had massacred peacekeepers from Pakistan. During a raid in downtown Mogadishu, US troops became trapped overnight by a general uprising in the Battle of Mogadishu. Eighteen American soldiers were killed, and a US television crew filmed graphic images of the body of one soldier being dragged through the streets by an angry mob. Somali guerrillas paid a staggering toll at an estimated 1,000–5,000 total casualties during the conflict. After much public disapproval, American forces were quickly withdrawn by President Bill Clinton. The incident profoundly affected US thinking about peacekeeping and intervention. The book Black Hawk Down was written about the battle, and was the basis for the later movie of the same name.", "title": "Military history of the United States" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "After working on various solo projects during 1988 (including Mercury's collaboration with Montserrat Caballé, Barcelona), the band released The Miracle in 1989. The album continued the direction of A Kind of Magic, using a pop-rock sound mixed with a few heavy numbers. It spawned the European hits \"I Want It All\", \"Breakthru\", \"The Invisible Man\", \"Scandal\", and \"The Miracle\". The Miracle also began a change in direction of Queen's songwriting philosophy. Since the band's beginning, nearly all songs had been written by and credited to a single member, with other members adding minimally. With The Miracle, the band's songwriting became more collaborative, and they vowed to credit the final product only to Queen as a group.", "title": "Queen (band)" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The US and USSR began discussions on the peaceful uses of space as early as 1958, presenting issues for debate to the United Nations, which created a Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space in 1959.", "title": "Space Race" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The war is also known under other names, such as the Persian Gulf War, First Gulf War, Gulf War I, Kuwait War, First Iraq War or Iraq War, before the term ``Iraq War ''became identified instead with the 2003 Iraq War (also referred to in the US as`` Operation Iraqi Freedom''). The Iraqi Army's occupation of Kuwait that began 2 August 1990 was met with international condemnation and brought immediate economic sanctions against Iraq by members of the UN Security Council. US President George H.W. Bush deployed US forces into Saudi Arabia, and urged other countries to send their own forces to the scene. An array of nations joined the coalition, the largest military alliance since World War II. The great majority of the coalition's military forces were from the US, with Saudi Arabia, the United Kingdom and Egypt as leading contributors, in that order. Kuwait and Saudi Arabia paid around US $32 billion of the US $60 billion cost.", "title": "Gulf War" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Soviet Union suffered greatly in the war, losing around 27 million people. Approximately 2.8 million Soviet POWs died of starvation, mistreatment, or executions in just eight months of 1941 -- 42. During the war, the Soviet Union together with the United States, the United Kingdom and China were considered as the Big Four of Allied powers in World War II and later became the Four Policemen which was the foundation of the United Nations Security Council. It emerged as a superpower in the post-war period. Once denied diplomatic recognition by the Western world, the Soviet Union had official relations with practically every nation by the late 1940s. A member of the United Nations at its foundation in 1945, the Soviet Union became one of the five permanent members of the United Nations Security Council, which gave it the right to veto any of its resolutions.", "title": "Soviet Union" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Armenia is member of Collective Security Treaty Organisation (CSTO) along with Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan. It participates in NATO's Partnership for Peace (PiP) program and is in a NATO organisation called Euro-Atlantic Partnership Council (EAPC). Armenia has engaged in a peacekeeping mission in Kosovo as part of non-NATO KFOR troops under Greek command. Armenia also had 46 members of its military peacekeeping forces as a part of the Coalition Forces in Iraq War until October 2008.", "title": "Armenia" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The war is also known under other names, such as the Persian Gulf War, First Gulf War, Gulf War I, Kuwait War, First Iraq War or Iraq War, before the term ``Iraq War ''became identified instead with the 2003 Iraq War (also referred to in the US as`` Operation Iraqi Freedom''). The Iraqi Army's occupation of Kuwait that began 2 August 1990 was met with international condemnation and brought immediate economic sanctions against Iraq by members of the UN Security Council. Together with the UK's prime minister Margaret Thatcher (who had fiercely resisted the invasion by Argentina of the Falkland Islands a decade earlier), George Bush deployed US forces into Saudi Arabia, and urged other countries to send their own forces to the scene. An array of nations joined the coalition, forming the largest military alliance since World War II. The great majority of the coalition's military forces were from the US, with Saudi Arabia, the United Kingdom and Egypt as leading contributors, in that order. Kuwait and Saudi Arabia paid around US $32 billion of the US $60 billion cost.", "title": "Gulf War" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The creation of modern-day Eritrea is a result of the incorporation of independent, distinct kingdoms and sultanates (for example, Medri Bahri and the Sultanate of Aussa) eventually resulting in the formation of Italian Eritrea. In 1947 Eritrea became part of a federation with Ethiopia, the Federation of Ethiopia and Eritrea. Subsequent annexation into Ethiopia led to the Eritrean War of Independence, ending with Eritrean independence following a referendum in April 1993. Hostilities between Eritrea and Ethiopia persisted, leading to the Eritrean–Ethiopian War of 1998–2000 and further skirmishes with both Djibouti and Ethiopia.", "title": "Eritrea" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "On March 3, 1875, the first recorded indoor ice hockey game took place at the Victoria Skating Rink in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Organized by James Creighton, who captained one of the teams, the game was between two nine - member teams, using a wooden 'puck'. Members used skates and sticks used for outdoor hockey and shinny games in Nova Scotia, where Creighton was born and raised. It is recognized as the first organized ice hockey game.", "title": "First indoor ice hockey game" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "As of 29 February 2016, 124 countries were contributing a total of 105,314 personnel in Peacekeeping Operations, with Ethiopia leading the tally (8,324), followed by India (7,695) and Bangladesh (7,525). In June 2013. Pakistan contributed the highest number overall with 8,186 personnel, followed by India (7,878), Bangladesh (7,799), Ethiopia (6,502), Rwanda (4,686), Nigeria (4,684), Nepal (4,495), Jordan (3,374), Ghana (2,859), and Egypt (2,750). As of 28 February 2015, 120 countries were contributing a total of 104,928 personnel in Peacekeeping Operations, with Bangladesh leading the tally (9446). As of March 2008, in addition to military and police personnel, 5,187 international civilian personnel, 2,031 UN Volunteers and 12,036 local civilian personnel worked in UN peacekeeping missions.", "title": "United Nations peacekeeping" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The ``Miracle on Ice ''refers to a medal - round game during the men's ice hockey tournament at the 1980 Winter Olympics in Lake Placid, New York, played between the hosting United States, and the four - time defending gold medalists, the Soviet Union.", "title": "Miracle on Ice" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Glacial ice is the largest reservoir of freshwater on Earth. Many glaciers from temperate, alpine and seasonal polar climates store water as ice during the colder seasons and release it later in the form of meltwater as warmer summer temperatures cause the glacier to melt, creating a water source that is especially important for plants, animals and human uses when other sources may be scant. Within high altitude and Antarctic environments, the seasonal temperature difference is often not sufficient to release meltwater.", "title": "Glacier" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``You Beat Me to the Punch ''is a soul single by Motown singer Mary Wells, released on the Motown label in 1962. It was co-written by Smokey Robinson of the Miracles, who was responsible for the majority of hits released by Wells while she was a Motown artist, and another Miracles member, Ronnie White.", "title": "You Beat Me to the Punch" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "There are few accredited diplomats in Bermuda. The United States maintains the largest diplomatic mission in Bermuda, comprising both the United States Consulate and the US Customs and Border Protection Services at the L.F. Wade International Airport. The current US Consul General is Robert Settje, who took office in August 2012. The United States is Bermuda's largest trading partner (providing over 71% of total imports, 85% of tourist visitors, and an estimated $163 billion of US capital in the Bermuda insurance/re-insurance industry), and an estimated 5% of Bermuda residents are US citizens, representing 14% of all foreign-born persons. The American diplomatic presence is an important element in the Bermuda political landscape.", "title": "Bermuda" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "During the Middle Ages, the Eritrea region was known as Medri Bahri (\"sea-land\"). The name Eritrea is derived from the ancient Greek name for Red Sea (Ἐρυθρὰ Θάλασσα Erythra Thalassa, based on the adjective ἐρυθρός erythros \"red\"). It was first formally adopted in 1890, with the formation of Italian Eritrea (Colonia Eritrea). The territory became the Eritrea Governorate within Italian East Africa in 1936. Eritrea was annexed by Ethiopia in 1953 (nominally within a federation until 1962) and an Eritrean Liberation Front formed in 1960. Eritrea gained independence following the 1993 referendum, and the name of the new state was defined as State of Eritrea in the 1997 constitution.[citation needed]", "title": "Eritrea" } ]	When was Eritrea annexed by the largest troop contributor to peace keeping missions by the organization US and the country US beat in Miracles on Ice are members of?	1953	[]	Title: Eritrea Passage: The creation of modern-day Eritrea is a result of the incorporation of independent, distinct kingdoms and sultanates (for example, Medri Bahri and the Sultanate of Aussa) eventually resulting in the formation of Italian Eritrea. In 1947 Eritrea became part of a federation with Ethiopia, the Federation of Ethiopia and Eritrea. Subsequent annexation into Ethiopia led to the Eritrean War of Independence, ending with Eritrean independence following a referendum in April 1993. Hostilities between Eritrea and Ethiopia persisted, leading to the Eritrean–Ethiopian War of 1998–2000 and further skirmishes with both Djibouti and Ethiopia. Title: Eritrea Passage: In the 1950s, the Ethiopian feudal administration under Emperor Haile Selassie sought to annex Eritrea and Italian Somaliland. He laid claim to both territories in a letter to Franklin D. Roosevelt at the Paris Peace Conference and at the First Session of the United Nations. In the United Nations, the debate over the fate of the former Italian colonies continued. The British and Americans preferred to cede all of Eritrea except the Western province to the Ethiopians as a reward for their support during World War II. The Independence Bloc of Eritrean parties consistently requested from the UN General Assembly that a referendum be held immediately to settle the Eritrean question of sovereignty. Title: Queen (band) Passage: After working on various solo projects during 1988 (including Mercury's collaboration with Montserrat Caballé, Barcelona), the band released The Miracle in 1989. The album continued the direction of A Kind of Magic, using a pop-rock sound mixed with a few heavy numbers. It spawned the European hits "I Want It All", "Breakthru", "The Invisible Man", "Scandal", and "The Miracle". The Miracle also began a change in direction of Queen's songwriting philosophy. Since the band's beginning, nearly all songs had been written by and credited to a single member, with other members adding minimally. With The Miracle, the band's songwriting became more collaborative, and they vowed to credit the final product only to Queen as a group. Title: Sikorsky UH-60 Black Hawk Passage: The Black Hawk helicopter series can perform a wide array of missions, including the tactical transport of troops, electronic warfare, and aeromedical evacuation. A VIP version known as the VH - 60N is used to transport important government officials (e.g., Congress, Executive departments) with the helicopter's call sign of ``Marine One ''when transporting the President of the United States. In air assault operations, it can move a squad of 11 combat troops or reposition a 105 mm M119 howitzer with 30 rounds ammunition, and a four - man crew in a single lift. The Black Hawk is equipped with advanced avionics and electronics for increased survivability and capability, such as the Global Positioning System. Title: Space Race Passage: The US and USSR began discussions on the peaceful uses of space as early as 1958, presenting issues for debate to the United Nations, which created a Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space in 1959. Title: Miracle on Ice Passage: The ``Miracle on Ice ''refers to a medal - round game during the men's ice hockey tournament at the 1980 Winter Olympics in Lake Placid, New York, played between the hosting United States, and the four - time defending gold medalists, the Soviet Union. Title: Soviet Union Passage: The Soviet Union suffered greatly in the war, losing around 27 million people. Approximately 2.8 million Soviet POWs died of starvation, mistreatment, or executions in just eight months of 1941 -- 42. During the war, the Soviet Union together with the United States, the United Kingdom and China were considered as the Big Four of Allied powers in World War II and later became the Four Policemen which was the foundation of the United Nations Security Council. It emerged as a superpower in the post-war period. Once denied diplomatic recognition by the Western world, the Soviet Union had official relations with practically every nation by the late 1940s. A member of the United Nations at its foundation in 1945, the Soviet Union became one of the five permanent members of the United Nations Security Council, which gave it the right to veto any of its resolutions. Title: United Nations peacekeeping Passage: As of 29 February 2016, 124 countries were contributing a total of 105,314 personnel in Peacekeeping Operations, with Ethiopia leading the tally (8,324), followed by India (7,695) and Bangladesh (7,525). In June 2013. Pakistan contributed the highest number overall with 8,186 personnel, followed by India (7,878), Bangladesh (7,799), Ethiopia (6,502), Rwanda (4,686), Nigeria (4,684), Nepal (4,495), Jordan (3,374), Ghana (2,859), and Egypt (2,750). As of 28 February 2015, 120 countries were contributing a total of 104,928 personnel in Peacekeeping Operations, with Bangladesh leading the tally (9446). As of March 2008, in addition to military and police personnel, 5,187 international civilian personnel, 2,031 UN Volunteers and 12,036 local civilian personnel worked in UN peacekeeping missions. Title: You Beat Me to the Punch Passage: ``You Beat Me to the Punch ''is a soul single by Motown singer Mary Wells, released on the Motown label in 1962. It was co-written by Smokey Robinson of the Miracles, who was responsible for the majority of hits released by Wells while she was a Motown artist, and another Miracles member, Ronnie White. Title: Gulf War Passage: The war is also known under other names, such as the Persian Gulf War, First Gulf War, Gulf War I, Kuwait War, First Iraq War or Iraq War, before the term ``Iraq War ''became identified instead with the 2003 Iraq War (also referred to in the US as`` Operation Iraqi Freedom''). The Iraqi Army's occupation of Kuwait that began 2 August 1990 was met with international condemnation and brought immediate economic sanctions against Iraq by members of the UN Security Council. US President George H.W. Bush deployed US forces into Saudi Arabia, and urged other countries to send their own forces to the scene. An array of nations joined the coalition, the largest military alliance since World War II. The great majority of the coalition's military forces were from the US, with Saudi Arabia, the United Kingdom and Egypt as leading contributors, in that order. Kuwait and Saudi Arabia paid around US $32 billion of the US $60 billion cost. Title: Gytheio Passage: Gytheio used to be an important port until it was destroyed in 4th century AD, possibly by an earthquake. Even thereafter its strategic location gave Gytheio a significant role in Maniot history. Today it is the largest and most important town in Mani. It is also the seat of the municipality of East Mani. Title: Space Race Passage: The Space Race began on August 2, 1955, when the Soviet Union responded to the US announcement four days earlier of intent to launch artificial satellites for the International Geophysical Year, by declaring they would also launch a satellite ``in the near future ''. The Soviet Union beat the US to this, with the October 4, 1957, orbiting of Sputnik 1, and later beat the US to the first human in space, Yuri Gagarin, on April 12, 1961. The`` race'' peaked with the July 20, 1969, US landing of the first humans on the Moon with Apollo 11. The USSR tried but failed crewed lunar missions, and eventually canceled them and concentrated on Earth orbital space stations. Title: Bermuda Passage: There are few accredited diplomats in Bermuda. The United States maintains the largest diplomatic mission in Bermuda, comprising both the United States Consulate and the US Customs and Border Protection Services at the L.F. Wade International Airport. The current US Consul General is Robert Settje, who took office in August 2012. The United States is Bermuda's largest trading partner (providing over 71% of total imports, 85% of tourist visitors, and an estimated $163 billion of US capital in the Bermuda insurance/re-insurance industry), and an estimated 5% of Bermuda residents are US citizens, representing 14% of all foreign-born persons. The American diplomatic presence is an important element in the Bermuda political landscape. Title: Glacier Passage: Glacial ice is the largest reservoir of freshwater on Earth. Many glaciers from temperate, alpine and seasonal polar climates store water as ice during the colder seasons and release it later in the form of meltwater as warmer summer temperatures cause the glacier to melt, creating a water source that is especially important for plants, animals and human uses when other sources may be scant. Within high altitude and Antarctic environments, the seasonal temperature difference is often not sufficient to release meltwater. Title: Eritrea Passage: During the Middle Ages, the Eritrea region was known as Medri Bahri ("sea-land"). The name Eritrea is derived from the ancient Greek name for Red Sea (Ἐρυθρὰ Θάλασσα Erythra Thalassa, based on the adjective ἐρυθρός erythros "red"). It was first formally adopted in 1890, with the formation of Italian Eritrea (Colonia Eritrea). The territory became the Eritrea Governorate within Italian East Africa in 1936. Eritrea was annexed by Ethiopia in 1953 (nominally within a federation until 1962) and an Eritrean Liberation Front formed in 1960. Eritrea gained independence following the 1993 referendum, and the name of the new state was defined as State of Eritrea in the 1997 constitution.[citation needed] Title: Petroleum refining in the United States Passage: Petroleum refining in the United States in 2013 produced 18.9 million barrels per day of refined petroleum products, more than any other country. Although the US was the world's largest net importer of refined petroleum products as recently as 2008, the US became a net exporter in 2010, and in 2014 was the largest exporter and the largest net exporter of refined petroleum. As of January 2015, there were 137 operating refineries in the US, distributed among 30 states. Title: First indoor ice hockey game Passage: On March 3, 1875, the first recorded indoor ice hockey game took place at the Victoria Skating Rink in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Organized by James Creighton, who captained one of the teams, the game was between two nine - member teams, using a wooden 'puck'. Members used skates and sticks used for outdoor hockey and shinny games in Nova Scotia, where Creighton was born and raised. It is recognized as the first organized ice hockey game. Title: Armenia Passage: Armenia is member of Collective Security Treaty Organisation (CSTO) along with Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan. It participates in NATO's Partnership for Peace (PiP) program and is in a NATO organisation called Euro-Atlantic Partnership Council (EAPC). Armenia has engaged in a peacekeeping mission in Kosovo as part of non-NATO KFOR troops under Greek command. Armenia also had 46 members of its military peacekeeping forces as a part of the Coalition Forces in Iraq War until October 2008. Title: Military history of the United States Passage: US troops participated in a UN peacekeeping mission in Somalia beginning in 1992. By 1993 the US troops were augmented with Rangers and special forces with the aim of capturing warlord Mohamed Farrah Aidid, whose forces had massacred peacekeepers from Pakistan. During a raid in downtown Mogadishu, US troops became trapped overnight by a general uprising in the Battle of Mogadishu. Eighteen American soldiers were killed, and a US television crew filmed graphic images of the body of one soldier being dragged through the streets by an angry mob. Somali guerrillas paid a staggering toll at an estimated 1,000–5,000 total casualties during the conflict. After much public disapproval, American forces were quickly withdrawn by President Bill Clinton. The incident profoundly affected US thinking about peacekeeping and intervention. The book Black Hawk Down was written about the battle, and was the basis for the later movie of the same name. Title: Gulf War Passage: The war is also known under other names, such as the Persian Gulf War, First Gulf War, Gulf War I, Kuwait War, First Iraq War or Iraq War, before the term ``Iraq War ''became identified instead with the 2003 Iraq War (also referred to in the US as`` Operation Iraqi Freedom''). The Iraqi Army's occupation of Kuwait that began 2 August 1990 was met with international condemnation and brought immediate economic sanctions against Iraq by members of the UN Security Council. Together with the UK's prime minister Margaret Thatcher (who had fiercely resisted the invasion by Argentina of the Falkland Islands a decade earlier), George Bush deployed US forces into Saudi Arabia, and urged other countries to send their own forces to the scene. An array of nations joined the coalition, forming the largest military alliance since World War II. The great majority of the coalition's military forces were from the US, with Saudi Arabia, the United Kingdom and Egypt as leading contributors, in that order. Kuwait and Saudi Arabia paid around US $32 billion of the US $60 billion cost.	[ "Soviet Union", "United Nations peacekeeping", "Miracle on Ice", "Eritrea" ]
2hop__140591_256194	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "KCNW (1380 AM) is an American radio station licensed to serve the community of Fairway, Kansas. The station broadcasts a religious radio format to the Kansas City metropolitan area with a 2,500-watt daytime and 29-watt nighttime signal. KCNW is owned by Wilkins Communication Network and the broadcast license is held by Kansas City Radio, Inc.", "title": "KCNW" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "WBUL-FM (98.1 FM, \"The Bull\") is one of four country music FM radio stations serving the Lexington, Kentucky radio market. The station broadcasts with an ERP of 100,000 watts, with a 100-mile broadcasting radius. The station is heard as far south as London, as far east as Grayson, as far north as Cincinnati and as far west as Louisville. iHeartMedia, Inc. currently owns the station. WBUL-FM is the third station broadcasting HD Radio in Lexington along with WUKY, and WKQQ.", "title": "WBUL-FM" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "CIBW-FM is a Canadian radio station that broadcasts a country music format at 92.9 FM in Drayton Valley, Alberta. The station is branded as Big West Country and is owned by the Jim Pattison Broadcast Group.", "title": "CIBW-FM" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "CIKT-FM is a Canadian radio station that broadcasts an Adult hits format at 98.9 FM in Grande Prairie, Alberta. The station is branded as Q99 and is owned by The Jim Pattison Broadcast Group.", "title": "CIKT-FM" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "KBCR-FM (96.9 FM, \"Big Country Radio\") is a radio station licensed and broadcasting to Steamboat Springs, Colorado, USA. The station broadcasts a country music format and is currently owned by Don Tlapek, through licensee Blizzard Broadcasting LLC.", "title": "KBCR-FM" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "KVEN (1450 AM, \"SportsRadio 1450\") is a sports radio station licensed to Ventura, California, carrying the national CBS Sports Network but no locally-originated programming. It is owned by Cumulus Media and broadcasts at a power of 1,000 watts.", "title": "KVEN" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "CBAF-FM (88.5 MHz) is a French-language public Canadian radio station located in Moncton, New Brunswick. The station has a commercial-free news/talk radio format and is the flagship station of the Ici Radio-Canada Première network for Atlantic Canada. CBAF is owned and operated by the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation.", "title": "CBAF-FM" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "WYRA (98.5 FM) is a broadcast radio station licensed to Confluence, Pennsylvania and serving the Confluence/Uniontown/Somerset area. WYRA is owned and operated by Educational Media Foundation and broadcasts a Christian Worship format as part of the Air 1 network.", "title": "WYRA" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "WWGC AM 1090 is a radio station licensed to serve Albertville, Alabama. The station is owned by The Jeff Beck Broadcasting Group, LLC. It airs a Latino Music programming format.", "title": "WWGC" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "CHAM is a Canadian radio station in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. Owned by Bell Media, the station broadcasts Premiere Radio Networks' \"24/7 Comedy\" radio network under the brand \"Funny 820\". CHAM's studios are located on Upper Wentworth Street near Lime Ridge Mall in Hamilton, while its 6-tower array is located near Binbrook.", "title": "CHAM" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "WITA (1490 AM, \"Inspiration 1490\") is a Christian radio station located in Knoxville, Tennessee. It broadcasts a Christian format with some conservative talk shows and news from the USA Radio Network.", "title": "WITA" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The USA Thursday Game of the Week is a former television program that broadcast Major League Baseball games on the USA Network. The network no longer airs sporting events. Sister network NBC Sports Network is the primary cable outlet of NBC Sports.", "title": "USA Thursday Game of the Week" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "CHIQ-FM is a Canadian radio station broadcasting at 94.3 FM in Winnipeg, Manitoba. The station broadcasts a classic rock format branded as 94-3 The Drive. CHIQ-FM's studios are located at 177 Lombard Avenue in Downtown Winnipeg along with its sister station CFQX-FM, while its transmitter is located near Oak Bluff. Both stations are owned by the Jim Pattison Group.", "title": "CHIQ-FM" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The WB's Superstar USA is a television show that spoofed the popular show \"American Idol\". Essentially its polar opposite, \"Superstar USA\" told contestants they were looking for the best singer when they were actually looking for the worst.", "title": "Superstar USA" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "WDTT-LD is a low-powered television station that is licensed to and based in Knoxville, Tennessee, USA. Owned by Word of God Fellowship, Inc., the station is a Daystar Television Network affiliate, and it broadcasts a digital signal on UHF channel 24. The signal originates at a transmitter located near Sharp Ridge.", "title": "WDTT-LD" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "KKNT (960 AM, \"960 The Patriot\") is a radio station broadcasting a talk radio format. KKNT is licensed to Phoenix, Arizona, United States, and broadcasts at 5000 watts. The station is owned by Salem Communications Holding Corporation, a subsidiary of the Salem Media Group.", "title": "KKNT" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "WKCM (1160 AM) is an American radio station licensed to serve the community of Hawesville, Kentucky. The station is owned and operated by Hancock Communications, Inc., doing business as the Cromwell Radio Group, and the station's broadcast license is held by Hancock Communications, Inc.", "title": "WKCM" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "WGRO (960 AM) is a radio station primarily serving the Lake City, Florida, area, owned by Fred Dockins, through licensee Dockins Broadcast Group, LLC.", "title": "WGRO" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "WBFX (101.3 FM, \"The Brew\") is a radio station broadcasting a mainstream rock format, serving the Grand Rapids, Michigan market and owned and operated by iHeartMedia. WBFX is also an affiliate of the Western Michigan Broncos Radio Network.", "title": "WBFX" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The WB 100+ Station Group (originally called The WeB from its developmental stages until March 1999) is a defunct programming service operated by The WB Television Network – owned by the Warner Bros. Entertainment division of Time Warner, the Tribune Company and the group's founder, Jamie Kellner – comprising an affiliate group primarily made of non-broadcast local cable television outlets. Operating from September 21, 1998 to September 18, 2006, the service was intended for areas ranked below the top 100 Nielsen Media Research-designated television markets in the United States.", "title": "The WB 100+ Station Group" } ]	Who owned the 100+ Station Group that shared its name with the network that broadcast Superstar USA?	Warner Bros.	[ "WB" ]	Title: WGRO Passage: WGRO (960 AM) is a radio station primarily serving the Lake City, Florida, area, owned by Fred Dockins, through licensee Dockins Broadcast Group, LLC. Title: KBCR-FM Passage: KBCR-FM (96.9 FM, "Big Country Radio") is a radio station licensed and broadcasting to Steamboat Springs, Colorado, USA. The station broadcasts a country music format and is currently owned by Don Tlapek, through licensee Blizzard Broadcasting LLC. Title: Superstar USA Passage: The WB's Superstar USA is a television show that spoofed the popular show "American Idol". Essentially its polar opposite, "Superstar USA" told contestants they were looking for the best singer when they were actually looking for the worst. Title: The WB 100+ Station Group Passage: The WB 100+ Station Group (originally called The WeB from its developmental stages until March 1999) is a defunct programming service operated by The WB Television Network – owned by the Warner Bros. Entertainment division of Time Warner, the Tribune Company and the group's founder, Jamie Kellner – comprising an affiliate group primarily made of non-broadcast local cable television outlets. Operating from September 21, 1998 to September 18, 2006, the service was intended for areas ranked below the top 100 Nielsen Media Research-designated television markets in the United States. Title: WITA Passage: WITA (1490 AM, "Inspiration 1490") is a Christian radio station located in Knoxville, Tennessee. It broadcasts a Christian format with some conservative talk shows and news from the USA Radio Network. Title: KVEN Passage: KVEN (1450 AM, "SportsRadio 1450") is a sports radio station licensed to Ventura, California, carrying the national CBS Sports Network but no locally-originated programming. It is owned by Cumulus Media and broadcasts at a power of 1,000 watts. Title: KCNW Passage: KCNW (1380 AM) is an American radio station licensed to serve the community of Fairway, Kansas. The station broadcasts a religious radio format to the Kansas City metropolitan area with a 2,500-watt daytime and 29-watt nighttime signal. KCNW is owned by Wilkins Communication Network and the broadcast license is held by Kansas City Radio, Inc. Title: WBUL-FM Passage: WBUL-FM (98.1 FM, "The Bull") is one of four country music FM radio stations serving the Lexington, Kentucky radio market. The station broadcasts with an ERP of 100,000 watts, with a 100-mile broadcasting radius. The station is heard as far south as London, as far east as Grayson, as far north as Cincinnati and as far west as Louisville. iHeartMedia, Inc. currently owns the station. WBUL-FM is the third station broadcasting HD Radio in Lexington along with WUKY, and WKQQ. Title: WDTT-LD Passage: WDTT-LD is a low-powered television station that is licensed to and based in Knoxville, Tennessee, USA. Owned by Word of God Fellowship, Inc., the station is a Daystar Television Network affiliate, and it broadcasts a digital signal on UHF channel 24. The signal originates at a transmitter located near Sharp Ridge. Title: WWGC Passage: WWGC AM 1090 is a radio station licensed to serve Albertville, Alabama. The station is owned by The Jeff Beck Broadcasting Group, LLC. It airs a Latino Music programming format. Title: CHAM Passage: CHAM is a Canadian radio station in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. Owned by Bell Media, the station broadcasts Premiere Radio Networks' "24/7 Comedy" radio network under the brand "Funny 820". CHAM's studios are located on Upper Wentworth Street near Lime Ridge Mall in Hamilton, while its 6-tower array is located near Binbrook. Title: WBFX Passage: WBFX (101.3 FM, "The Brew") is a radio station broadcasting a mainstream rock format, serving the Grand Rapids, Michigan market and owned and operated by iHeartMedia. WBFX is also an affiliate of the Western Michigan Broncos Radio Network. Title: WYRA Passage: WYRA (98.5 FM) is a broadcast radio station licensed to Confluence, Pennsylvania and serving the Confluence/Uniontown/Somerset area. WYRA is owned and operated by Educational Media Foundation and broadcasts a Christian Worship format as part of the Air 1 network. Title: CHIQ-FM Passage: CHIQ-FM is a Canadian radio station broadcasting at 94.3 FM in Winnipeg, Manitoba. The station broadcasts a classic rock format branded as 94-3 The Drive. CHIQ-FM's studios are located at 177 Lombard Avenue in Downtown Winnipeg along with its sister station CFQX-FM, while its transmitter is located near Oak Bluff. Both stations are owned by the Jim Pattison Group. Title: CIKT-FM Passage: CIKT-FM is a Canadian radio station that broadcasts an Adult hits format at 98.9 FM in Grande Prairie, Alberta. The station is branded as Q99 and is owned by The Jim Pattison Broadcast Group. Title: CBAF-FM Passage: CBAF-FM (88.5 MHz) is a French-language public Canadian radio station located in Moncton, New Brunswick. The station has a commercial-free news/talk radio format and is the flagship station of the Ici Radio-Canada Première network for Atlantic Canada. CBAF is owned and operated by the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Title: CIBW-FM Passage: CIBW-FM is a Canadian radio station that broadcasts a country music format at 92.9 FM in Drayton Valley, Alberta. The station is branded as Big West Country and is owned by the Jim Pattison Broadcast Group. Title: KKNT Passage: KKNT (960 AM, "960 The Patriot") is a radio station broadcasting a talk radio format. KKNT is licensed to Phoenix, Arizona, United States, and broadcasts at 5000 watts. The station is owned by Salem Communications Holding Corporation, a subsidiary of the Salem Media Group. Title: USA Thursday Game of the Week Passage: The USA Thursday Game of the Week is a former television program that broadcast Major League Baseball games on the USA Network. The network no longer airs sporting events. Sister network NBC Sports Network is the primary cable outlet of NBC Sports. Title: WKCM Passage: WKCM (1160 AM) is an American radio station licensed to serve the community of Hawesville, Kentucky. The station is owned and operated by Hancock Communications, Inc., doing business as the Cromwell Radio Group, and the station's broadcast license is held by Hancock Communications, Inc.	[ "Superstar USA", "The WB 100+ Station Group" ]
2hop__446209_29363	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Atlee Pomerene (December 6, 1863November 12, 1937) was an American Democratic Party politician from Ohio. He represented Ohio in the United States Senate from 1911 until 1923.", "title": "Atlee Pomerene" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Bright Orange for the Shroud (1965) is a sixth novel in the Travis McGee series by John D. MacDonald. The plot follows McGee as he attempts to salvage the money of friend Arthur Wilkinson after the man is defrauded in a semi-legal confidence scheme involving a land deal.", "title": "Bright Orange for the Shroud" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Violation ``with intent to defraud ''= class E felony, subject to imprisonment and a fine of not more than $25,000.`` Knowingly violates'' = Class A misdemeanor, subject to a fine of not more than $25,000 and imprisonment in accordance with the penal law, or both.", "title": "Home Equity Theft Prevention Act" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Kerry would later state that \"the widespread irregularities make it impossible to know for certain that the [Ohio] outcome reflected the will of the voters.\" In the same article, Democratic National Committee Chairman Howard Dean said \"I'm not confident that the election in Ohio was fairly decided... We know that there was substantial voter suppression, and the machines were not reliable. It should not be a surprise that the Republicans are willing to do things that are unethical to manipulate elections. That's what we suspect has happened.\"", "title": "2004 United States presidential election" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Deceived Slumming Party is a 1908 American comedy film directed by D. W. Griffith. Several scenes of tours being conducted in New York City. At the end of each scene it becomes obvious that the events of the tours have been set up to shock and defraud the tourists.", "title": "Deceived Slumming Party" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Though four Mustangs are portrayed in the film as ``Eleanor ''targets, only two cars were used for filming the movie, with license plates and tires alternated as necessary. Of these two, one car was modified for the stunt driving necessitated by the final chase and wrecked in said process, while the other was kept intact for all external`` beauty shots.'' The latter car was also used for all but two interior shots.", "title": "Eleanor (automobile)" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "International observers of Council of Europe and US Department of State have questioned the fairness of Armenia's parliamentary and presidential elections and constitutional referendum since 1995, citing polling deficiencies, lack of cooperation by the Electoral Commission, and poor maintenance of electoral lists and polling places. Freedom House categorized Armenia in its 2008 report as a \"Semi-consolidated Authoritarian Regime\" (along with Moldova, Kosovo, Kyrgyzstan, and Russia) and ranked Armenia 20th among 29 nations in transition, with a Democracy Score of 5.21 out of 7 (7 represents the lowest democratic progress).", "title": "Armenia" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Hum Naujawan () is a 1985 Indian drama film directed by Dev Anand. He himself played the central character in the film dedicated to young students. It marked the debut of Richa Sharma, Tabu, Bunty Behl and Atlee Brar with Anupam Kher and Shriram Lagoo, among others, playing lead roles. The music was composed by R. D. Burman.", "title": "Hum Naujawan" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Antibacterial antibiotics are commonly classified based on their mechanism of action, chemical structure, or spectrum of activity. Most target bacterial functions or growth processes. Those that target the bacterial cell wall (penicillins and cephalosporins) or the cell membrane (polymyxins), or interfere with essential bacterial enzymes (rifamycins, lipiarmycins, quinolones, and sulfonamides) have bactericidal activities. Those that target protein synthesis (macrolides, lincosamides and tetracyclines) are usually bacteriostatic (with the exception of bactericidal aminoglycosides). Further categorization is based on their target specificity. \"Narrow-spectrum\" antibacterial antibiotics target specific types of bacteria, such as Gram-negative or Gram-positive bacteria, whereas broad-spectrum antibiotics affect a wide range of bacteria. Following a 40-year hiatus in discovering new classes of antibacterial compounds, four new classes of antibacterial antibiotics have been brought into clinical use in the late 2000s and early 2010s: cyclic lipopeptides (such as daptomycin), glycylcyclines (such as tigecycline), oxazolidinones (such as linezolid), and lipiarmycins (such as fidaxomicin).", "title": "Antibiotic" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Women's team archery event at the 2008 Summer Olympics was part of the archery programme and took place at the Olympic Green Archery Field. Ranking Round was scheduled for August 9 and elimination rounds and Finals took place on August 10. All archery is done at a range of 70 metres, with targets 1.22 metres in diameter.", "title": "Archery at the 2008 Summer Olympics – Women's team" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The United States presidential election of 2020, scheduled for Tuesday, November 3, 2020, will be the 59th quadrennial U.S. presidential election. Voters will select presidential electors who in turn will either elect a new president and vice president through the electoral college or reelect the incumbents. The series of presidential primary elections and caucuses are likely to be held during the first six months of 2020. This nominating process is also an indirect election, where voters cast ballots selecting a slate of delegates to a political party's nominating convention, who then in turn elect their party's presidential nominee.", "title": "2020 United States presidential election" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Each state chooses electors, equal in number to that state's combined total of senators and representatives. There are a total of 538 electors, corresponding to the 435 representatives and 100 senators, plus the three electors for the District of Columbia as provided by the Twenty - third Amendment. The Constitution bars any federal official, elected or appointed, from being an elector. The Office of the Federal Register is charged with administering the Electoral College. Since the mid-19th century when all electors have been popularly chosen, the Electoral College has elected the candidate who received the most popular votes nationwide, except in four elections: 1876, 1888, 2000, and 2016. In 1824, there were six states in which electors were legislatively appointed, rather than popularly elected, so the true national popular vote is uncertain; the electors failed to select a winning candidate, so the matter was decided by the House of Representatives.", "title": "United States Electoral College" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "As aircraft started to be used against ground targets on the battlefield, the AA guns could not be traversed quickly enough at close targets and, being relatively few, were not always in the right place (and were often unpopular with other troops), so changed positions frequently. Soon the forces were adding various machine-gun based weapons mounted on poles. These short-range weapons proved more deadly, and the \"Red Baron\" is believed to have been shot down by an anti-aircraft Vickers machine gun. When the war ended, it was clear that the increasing capabilities of aircraft would require better means of acquiring targets and aiming at them. Nevertheless, a pattern had been set: anti-aircraft weapons would be based around heavy weapons attacking high-altitude targets and lighter weapons for use when they came to lower altitudes.", "title": "Anti-aircraft warfare" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Twelfth Amendment (Amendment XII) to the United States Constitution provides the procedure for electing the President and Vice President. It replaced the procedure provided in Article II, Section 1, Clause 3, by which the Electoral College originally functioned. Problems with the original procedure arose in the elections of 1796 and 1800. The Twelfth Amendment refined the process whereby a President and a Vice President are elected by the Electoral College. The amendment was proposed by the Congress on December 9, 1803, and was ratified by the requisite three - fourths of state legislatures on June 15, 1804.", "title": "Twelfth Amendment to the United States Constitution" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Sophia Eleonore of Saxony (23 November 1609 – 2 June 1671) was a Duchess (\"Herzogin\") of Saxony by birth and the Landgravine of Hesse-Darmstadt from 1627 to 1661 through her marriage to Landgrave George II. She was the eldest surviving child of John George I, Elector of Saxony, and Magdalene Sibylle of Prussia. Her daughter Elisabeth Amalie of Hesse-Darmstadt became Electress of the Palatinate.", "title": "Sophia Eleonore of Saxony" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Avissawella electoral district was an electoral district of Sri Lanka between August 1947 and February 1989. The district was named after the town of Avissawella in Colombo District, Western Province. The 1978 Constitution of Sri Lanka introduced the proportional representation electoral system for electing members of Parliament. The existing 160 mainly single-member electoral districts were replaced with 22 multi-member electoral districts. Avissawella electoral district was replaced by the Colombo multi-member electoral district at the 1989 general elections, the first under the PR system, though Avissawella continues to be a polling division of the multi-member electoral district.", "title": "Avissawella Electoral District" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The birth control movement in the United States was a social reform campaign from 1914 to around 1945 that aimed to increase the availability of contraception in the U.S. through education and legalization. The movement began in 1914 when a group of political radicals in New York City, led by Emma Goldman, Mary Dennett, and Margaret Sanger, became concerned about the hardships that childbirth and self - induced abortions brought to low - income women. Sanger, in particular, simultaneously sought to connect birth control to the organized eugenics movement, regularly appealing to the authority of eugenic scientists Karl Pearson, Charles Davenport, and others in her Birth Control Review from the early 1920s Such figures sought to prevent population segments they deemed genetically 'undesirable' from reproducing. While seeking legitimacy for the birth control movement partly through the approval of organized eugenics, Sanger and other activists also worked on the political front. Since contraception was considered to be obscene at the time, the activists targeted the Comstock laws, which prohibited distribution of any ``obscene, lewd, and / or lascivious ''materials through the mail. Hoping to provoke a favorable legal decision, Sanger deliberately broke the law by distributing The Woman Rebel, a newsletter containing a discussion of contraception. In 1916, Sanger opened the first birth control clinic in the United States, but the clinic was immediately shut down by police, and Sanger was sentenced to 30 days in jail.", "title": "Birth control movement in the United States" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The 2010 Darra Adam Khel mosque bombing occurred on 5 November 2010, when at least 66 people, including children, were killed by a suicide bomb attack in a mosque in the town of Darra Adam Khel, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. 80 others were wounded as worshippers offered Jumu'ah, the congregational Friday prayers. The mosque, which belonged to the predominate Sunni denomination, was frequented by tribal elders; according to sources, the bomber may have been targeting a local politician who was known for speaking out against the Taliban. The attack was the deadliest after the September 2010 Quetta bombing in Balochistan, which targeted a procession of Shi'a Muslims.", "title": "2010 Darra Adam Khel mosque bombing" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "David Burpee (1893–1980) was born in Pennsylvania and attended Cornell University until his father, W. Atlee Burpee, died in 1915. Burpee dropped out and took over the family business selling seeds. He immediately began shifting the firm's focus from vegetables to flowers. In 1917 the W. A.. Burpee Company was incorporated with Burpee as president. Sales were $900,000 that year, equal to $ today.", "title": "David Burpee" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "On May 30, Stimson asked Groves to remove Kyoto from the target list due to its historical, religious and cultural significance, but Groves pointed to its military and industrial significance. Stimson then approached President Harry S. Truman about the matter. Truman agreed with Stimson, and Kyoto was temporarily removed from the target list. Groves attempted to restore Kyoto to the target list in July, but Stimson remained adamant. On July 25, Nagasaki was put on the target list in place of Kyoto. It was a major military port, one of Japan's largest shipbuilding and repair centers, and an important producer of naval ordnance.", "title": "Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki" } ]	Who was targeted for defrauding the electoral process in Atlee Pomerene's birthplace?	the Republicans are willing to do things that are unethical to manipulate elections	[]	Title: David Burpee Passage: David Burpee (1893–1980) was born in Pennsylvania and attended Cornell University until his father, W. Atlee Burpee, died in 1915. Burpee dropped out and took over the family business selling seeds. He immediately began shifting the firm's focus from vegetables to flowers. In 1917 the W. A.. Burpee Company was incorporated with Burpee as president. Sales were $900,000 that year, equal to $ today. Title: 2020 United States presidential election Passage: The United States presidential election of 2020, scheduled for Tuesday, November 3, 2020, will be the 59th quadrennial U.S. presidential election. Voters will select presidential electors who in turn will either elect a new president and vice president through the electoral college or reelect the incumbents. The series of presidential primary elections and caucuses are likely to be held during the first six months of 2020. This nominating process is also an indirect election, where voters cast ballots selecting a slate of delegates to a political party's nominating convention, who then in turn elect their party's presidential nominee. Title: United States Electoral College Passage: Each state chooses electors, equal in number to that state's combined total of senators and representatives. There are a total of 538 electors, corresponding to the 435 representatives and 100 senators, plus the three electors for the District of Columbia as provided by the Twenty - third Amendment. The Constitution bars any federal official, elected or appointed, from being an elector. The Office of the Federal Register is charged with administering the Electoral College. Since the mid-19th century when all electors have been popularly chosen, the Electoral College has elected the candidate who received the most popular votes nationwide, except in four elections: 1876, 1888, 2000, and 2016. In 1824, there were six states in which electors were legislatively appointed, rather than popularly elected, so the true national popular vote is uncertain; the electors failed to select a winning candidate, so the matter was decided by the House of Representatives. Title: Bright Orange for the Shroud Passage: Bright Orange for the Shroud (1965) is a sixth novel in the Travis McGee series by John D. MacDonald. The plot follows McGee as he attempts to salvage the money of friend Arthur Wilkinson after the man is defrauded in a semi-legal confidence scheme involving a land deal. Title: Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki Passage: On May 30, Stimson asked Groves to remove Kyoto from the target list due to its historical, religious and cultural significance, but Groves pointed to its military and industrial significance. Stimson then approached President Harry S. Truman about the matter. Truman agreed with Stimson, and Kyoto was temporarily removed from the target list. Groves attempted to restore Kyoto to the target list in July, but Stimson remained adamant. On July 25, Nagasaki was put on the target list in place of Kyoto. It was a major military port, one of Japan's largest shipbuilding and repair centers, and an important producer of naval ordnance. Title: Home Equity Theft Prevention Act Passage: Violation ``with intent to defraud ''= class E felony, subject to imprisonment and a fine of not more than $25,000.`` Knowingly violates'' = Class A misdemeanor, subject to a fine of not more than $25,000 and imprisonment in accordance with the penal law, or both. Title: Anti-aircraft warfare Passage: As aircraft started to be used against ground targets on the battlefield, the AA guns could not be traversed quickly enough at close targets and, being relatively few, were not always in the right place (and were often unpopular with other troops), so changed positions frequently. Soon the forces were adding various machine-gun based weapons mounted on poles. These short-range weapons proved more deadly, and the "Red Baron" is believed to have been shot down by an anti-aircraft Vickers machine gun. When the war ended, it was clear that the increasing capabilities of aircraft would require better means of acquiring targets and aiming at them. Nevertheless, a pattern had been set: anti-aircraft weapons would be based around heavy weapons attacking high-altitude targets and lighter weapons for use when they came to lower altitudes. Title: Armenia Passage: International observers of Council of Europe and US Department of State have questioned the fairness of Armenia's parliamentary and presidential elections and constitutional referendum since 1995, citing polling deficiencies, lack of cooperation by the Electoral Commission, and poor maintenance of electoral lists and polling places. Freedom House categorized Armenia in its 2008 report as a "Semi-consolidated Authoritarian Regime" (along with Moldova, Kosovo, Kyrgyzstan, and Russia) and ranked Armenia 20th among 29 nations in transition, with a Democracy Score of 5.21 out of 7 (7 represents the lowest democratic progress). Title: Sophia Eleonore of Saxony Passage: Sophia Eleonore of Saxony (23 November 1609 – 2 June 1671) was a Duchess ("Herzogin") of Saxony by birth and the Landgravine of Hesse-Darmstadt from 1627 to 1661 through her marriage to Landgrave George II. She was the eldest surviving child of John George I, Elector of Saxony, and Magdalene Sibylle of Prussia. Her daughter Elisabeth Amalie of Hesse-Darmstadt became Electress of the Palatinate. Title: 2004 United States presidential election Passage: Kerry would later state that "the widespread irregularities make it impossible to know for certain that the [Ohio] outcome reflected the will of the voters." In the same article, Democratic National Committee Chairman Howard Dean said "I'm not confident that the election in Ohio was fairly decided... We know that there was substantial voter suppression, and the machines were not reliable. It should not be a surprise that the Republicans are willing to do things that are unethical to manipulate elections. That's what we suspect has happened." Title: Hum Naujawan Passage: Hum Naujawan () is a 1985 Indian drama film directed by Dev Anand. He himself played the central character in the film dedicated to young students. It marked the debut of Richa Sharma, Tabu, Bunty Behl and Atlee Brar with Anupam Kher and Shriram Lagoo, among others, playing lead roles. The music was composed by R. D. Burman. Title: 2010 Darra Adam Khel mosque bombing Passage: The 2010 Darra Adam Khel mosque bombing occurred on 5 November 2010, when at least 66 people, including children, were killed by a suicide bomb attack in a mosque in the town of Darra Adam Khel, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. 80 others were wounded as worshippers offered Jumu'ah, the congregational Friday prayers. The mosque, which belonged to the predominate Sunni denomination, was frequented by tribal elders; according to sources, the bomber may have been targeting a local politician who was known for speaking out against the Taliban. The attack was the deadliest after the September 2010 Quetta bombing in Balochistan, which targeted a procession of Shi'a Muslims. Title: Twelfth Amendment to the United States Constitution Passage: The Twelfth Amendment (Amendment XII) to the United States Constitution provides the procedure for electing the President and Vice President. It replaced the procedure provided in Article II, Section 1, Clause 3, by which the Electoral College originally functioned. Problems with the original procedure arose in the elections of 1796 and 1800. The Twelfth Amendment refined the process whereby a President and a Vice President are elected by the Electoral College. The amendment was proposed by the Congress on December 9, 1803, and was ratified by the requisite three - fourths of state legislatures on June 15, 1804. Title: Eleanor (automobile) Passage: Though four Mustangs are portrayed in the film as ``Eleanor ''targets, only two cars were used for filming the movie, with license plates and tires alternated as necessary. Of these two, one car was modified for the stunt driving necessitated by the final chase and wrecked in said process, while the other was kept intact for all external`` beauty shots.'' The latter car was also used for all but two interior shots. Title: Birth control movement in the United States Passage: The birth control movement in the United States was a social reform campaign from 1914 to around 1945 that aimed to increase the availability of contraception in the U.S. through education and legalization. The movement began in 1914 when a group of political radicals in New York City, led by Emma Goldman, Mary Dennett, and Margaret Sanger, became concerned about the hardships that childbirth and self - induced abortions brought to low - income women. Sanger, in particular, simultaneously sought to connect birth control to the organized eugenics movement, regularly appealing to the authority of eugenic scientists Karl Pearson, Charles Davenport, and others in her Birth Control Review from the early 1920s Such figures sought to prevent population segments they deemed genetically 'undesirable' from reproducing. While seeking legitimacy for the birth control movement partly through the approval of organized eugenics, Sanger and other activists also worked on the political front. Since contraception was considered to be obscene at the time, the activists targeted the Comstock laws, which prohibited distribution of any ``obscene, lewd, and / or lascivious ''materials through the mail. Hoping to provoke a favorable legal decision, Sanger deliberately broke the law by distributing The Woman Rebel, a newsletter containing a discussion of contraception. In 1916, Sanger opened the first birth control clinic in the United States, but the clinic was immediately shut down by police, and Sanger was sentenced to 30 days in jail. Title: Antibiotic Passage: Antibacterial antibiotics are commonly classified based on their mechanism of action, chemical structure, or spectrum of activity. Most target bacterial functions or growth processes. Those that target the bacterial cell wall (penicillins and cephalosporins) or the cell membrane (polymyxins), or interfere with essential bacterial enzymes (rifamycins, lipiarmycins, quinolones, and sulfonamides) have bactericidal activities. Those that target protein synthesis (macrolides, lincosamides and tetracyclines) are usually bacteriostatic (with the exception of bactericidal aminoglycosides). Further categorization is based on their target specificity. "Narrow-spectrum" antibacterial antibiotics target specific types of bacteria, such as Gram-negative or Gram-positive bacteria, whereas broad-spectrum antibiotics affect a wide range of bacteria. Following a 40-year hiatus in discovering new classes of antibacterial compounds, four new classes of antibacterial antibiotics have been brought into clinical use in the late 2000s and early 2010s: cyclic lipopeptides (such as daptomycin), glycylcyclines (such as tigecycline), oxazolidinones (such as linezolid), and lipiarmycins (such as fidaxomicin). Title: Avissawella Electoral District Passage: Avissawella electoral district was an electoral district of Sri Lanka between August 1947 and February 1989. The district was named after the town of Avissawella in Colombo District, Western Province. The 1978 Constitution of Sri Lanka introduced the proportional representation electoral system for electing members of Parliament. The existing 160 mainly single-member electoral districts were replaced with 22 multi-member electoral districts. Avissawella electoral district was replaced by the Colombo multi-member electoral district at the 1989 general elections, the first under the PR system, though Avissawella continues to be a polling division of the multi-member electoral district. Title: Atlee Pomerene Passage: Atlee Pomerene (December 6, 1863November 12, 1937) was an American Democratic Party politician from Ohio. He represented Ohio in the United States Senate from 1911 until 1923. Title: Deceived Slumming Party Passage: Deceived Slumming Party is a 1908 American comedy film directed by D. W. Griffith. Several scenes of tours being conducted in New York City. At the end of each scene it becomes obvious that the events of the tours have been set up to shock and defraud the tourists. Title: Archery at the 2008 Summer Olympics – Women's team Passage: The Women's team archery event at the 2008 Summer Olympics was part of the archery programme and took place at the Olympic Green Archery Field. Ranking Round was scheduled for August 9 and elimination rounds and Finals took place on August 10. All archery is done at a range of 70 metres, with targets 1.22 metres in diameter.	[ "Atlee Pomerene", "2004 United States presidential election" ]
2hop__80848_57988	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Silverton is a city in Briscoe County, Texas, United States. The population was 731 at the 2010 census. It is the county seat of Briscoe County.", "title": "Silverton, Texas" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Loretta Devine (born August 21, 1949) is an American actress and singer, best known for her roles as Marla Hendricks in the Fox drama series Boston Public, and for her recurring role as Adele Webber on the Shonda Rhimes' Grey's Anatomy, for which she won a Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Guest Actress in a Drama Series in 2011. She had a role in the series Everybody Hates Chris as Rochelle's mother. In film, Devine appeared in Waiting to Exhale, The Preacher's Wife, I Am Sam, Urban Legend, Crash, Woman Thou Art Loosed, For Colored Girls, This Christmas and Jumping the Broom. She also played Cynthia Carmichael on the NBC sitcom The Carmichael Show.", "title": "Loretta Devine" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "All Neat in Black Stockings is a 1968 British comedy film directed by Christopher Morahan and starring Victor Henry, Susan George and Jack Shepherd. Based on a novel by Jane Gaskell, its plot follows an easygoing window cleaner called 'Ginger' who falls in love with a woman he meets in Swinging London. The film is in the British New Wave tradition and shows the blue collar working man lifestyle. The movie is a 1960s time capsule of cars, dress and dancing (even Old Spice cologne and Pepsi bottles).", "title": "All Neat in Black Stockings" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Wanna Come In? is an MTV reality television show. It is a modern reality twist on the legendary play \"Cyrano de Bergerac\". In the show, a two-man team that consists of a \"stud\" and a \"dud\" compete with another \"stud\"/\"dud\" duo to try to win cash prizes. The \"stud\" secretly coaches the \"dud\" by speaking through a hidden microphone while the \"dud\" is on a blind date with a beautiful young woman. Each team goes through several challenges in an effort to get the \"geek\" invited inside the woman's home at the end of the date. If she does not invite her \"dud\" inside, the team loses.", "title": "Wanna Come In?" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Bachelorette 8 is the eighth season of ABC reality television series The Bachelorette. The show premiered on May 14, 2012, featuring Emily Maynard dating 25 men. Maynard chose Brad Womack in the fifteenth season of The Bachelor because she's an independent woman capable of picking her own man, but they split after the show.", "title": "The Bachelorette (season 8)" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Dennis Weaver as David Mann Jacqueline Scott as Mrs. Mann Carey Loftin as the Truck Driver Eddie Firestone as Café owner Lou Frizzell as Bus Driver Eugene Dynarski as Man in café Lucille Benson as Lady at Snakerama Tim Herbert as Gas station attendant Charles Seel as Old man Shirley O'Hara as Waitress Alexander Lockwood as Jim, Old man in car Amy Douglass as Old woman in car Sweet Dick Whittington as Radio interviewer Dale Van Sickel as Car Driver Shawn Steinman as Girl on School Bus (uncredited)", "title": "Duel (1971 film)" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Briscoe Darling Jr. is a fictional character from The Andy Griffith Show, an American situation comedy from the 1960s that aired on CBS. The character was portrayed by actor Denver Pyle, best known for his roles as Grandpa Tarleton on Tammy, Buck Webb on The Doris Day Show, and Uncle Jesse on The Dukes of Hazzard. Briscoe was the patriarch of the mountain family The Darlings that appeared in several episodes during the run of the series.", "title": "Briscoe Darling Jr." }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Epicœne, or The Silent Woman, also known as Epicene, is a comedy by Renaissance playwright Ben Jonson. The play is about a man named Dauphine who creates a scheme to get his inheritance from his uncle Morose. The plan involves setting Morose up to marry Epicoene, a boy disguised as a woman. It was originally performed by the Blackfriars Children, or Children of the Queen's Revels, a group of boy players, in 1609. Excluding its two prologues, the play is written entirely in prose.", "title": "Epicœne, or The Silent Woman" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Denver Dell Pyle (May 11, 1920 -- December 25, 1997) was an American film and television actor. He was known for portraying Briscoe Darling, Jr. in several episodes of The Andy Griffith Show, and playing Jesse Duke in The Dukes of Hazzard from 1979 - 85.", "title": "Denver Pyle" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Peter Pan is a 2003 American - British - Australian fantasy adventure film released by Universal Pictures, Columbia Pictures, and Revolution Studios. It was the first authorized and faithful film or television adaptation of J.M. Barrie's play Peter Pan, or The Boy Who Would n't Grow Up in half a century, after Disney's version in 1953. P.J. Hogan directed a screenplay co-written with Michael Goldenberg which is based on the play and novel by J.M. Barrie. Jason Isaacs plays the dual roles of Captain Hook and George Darling, Olivia Williams plays Mrs. Darling, while Jeremy Sumpter plays Peter Pan, Rachel Hurd - Wood plays Wendy Darling, and Ludivine Sagnier plays Tinker Bell. Lynn Redgrave plays a supporting role as Aunt Millicent, a new character created for the film.", "title": "Peter Pan (2003 film)" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Sun's Darling is a masque, or masque-like play, written by John Ford and Thomas Dekker, and first published in 1656.", "title": "The Sun's Darling" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Bridget Loves Bernie is an American sitcom created by Bernard Slade. Depicting an interfaith marriage between a Catholic woman and a Jewish man, \"Bridget Loves Bernie\" was based loosely on the premise of the 1920s Broadway play and 1940s radio show \"Abie's Irish Rose\". It stars Meredith Baxter and David Birney as the title characters. It was canceled by CBS after only one season, despite high ratings.", "title": "Bridget Loves Bernie" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The New Dance Show was a television series in Detroit, Michigan, which ran on WGPR-TV 62 (now a CBS affiliate known as WWJ-TV). Hosted by R.J Watkins, \"The New Dance Show\" was a low-budget local version of Soul Train and featured regular dancers, including a man who dressed like a Gypsy and who wore a cape, and a woman who dressed as a boxer. The show featured music from several influential Detroit techno artists.", "title": "The New Dance Show" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Paisley has referred to ``Waitin 'on a Woman ''as`` one of the most important songs'' that he's ever recorded. Because of the importance that he places on the song, Paisley asked Andy Griffith to star in the music video, as he felt that Griffith's personality matched the personality of the older man in the song. Griffith speaks the old man's lines in the video as well. Jim Shea and Peter Tilden directed the video.", "title": "Waitin' on a Woman" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The cast is led by Penelope Keith as Audrey fforbes - Hamilton and Peter Bowles as Richard. The other main cast members in the original series are Angela Thorne (playing Audrey's old friend Marjory), Daphne Heard (Richard's mother, Mrs Polouvicka), John Rudling (Brabinger the butler), Michael Bilton (Ned, the odd - job man) and Gerald Sim (the Rector). Rudling was absent in the 1979 Christmas special and for much of the second series due to his ill health; his character was temporarily replaced as butler by Ned. Rudling died in 1983. Angela Thorne had worked with Keith before when she had played Lady ``George ''Truscott in a 1977 episode of The Good Life. Michael Bilton played Basil Makepeace, a main character in the first four series of the sitcom Waiting for God in the 1990s before his death in 1993.", "title": "To the Manor Born" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Kiss is a 1963 silent American experimental film directed by Andy Warhol, which runs 50 minutes and features various couples—man and woman, woman and woman, man and man—kissing for 3½ minutes each. The film features Naomi Levine, Gerard Malanga, Rufus Collins, Johnny Dodd, and Ed Sanders.", "title": "Kiss (1963 film)" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Charles Frick Darling (born March 20, 1930) is an American basketball player who competed in the 1956 Summer Olympics. Born in Denison, Iowa, Darling played collegiately at the University of Iowa.", "title": "Chuck Darling" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Man in Grey was a novel by the British writer Lady Eleanor Smith first published in 1941. It was a melodrama set in Regency Britain. A young woman unhappily married to a cold aristocrat falls in love with a strolling actor, but her hopes of eloping to happiness are wrecked by an old school friend who murders her in order to be able to marry her husband.", "title": "The Man in Grey (novel)" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Adventures of Brisco County, Jr., often referred to as just Brisco or Brisco County, is an American weird western television series created by Jeffrey Boam and Carlton Cuse. It ran for 27 episodes on the Fox network starting in the 1993–94 season. Set in the American West of 1893, the series follows its title character, a Harvard-educated lawyer-turned-bounty hunter hired by a group of wealthy industrialists to track and capture outlaw John Bly and his gang. Bruce Campbell plays Brisco, who is joined by a colorful group of supporting characters, including Julius Carry as fellow bounty hunter Lord Bowler and Christian Clemenson as stick-in-the-mud lawyer Socrates Poole.", "title": "The Adventures of Brisco County, Jr." }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "When a Woman Waits is a 1914 American silent short drama film directed by Henry Otto starring Ed Coxen, George Field, and Winifred Greenwood.", "title": "When a Woman Waits" } ]	Who played Briscoe Darling on the show named for the old man in Waiting on a WOman?	actor Denver Pyle	[ "Denver Pyle" ]	Title: Peter Pan (2003 film) Passage: Peter Pan is a 2003 American - British - Australian fantasy adventure film released by Universal Pictures, Columbia Pictures, and Revolution Studios. It was the first authorized and faithful film or television adaptation of J.M. Barrie's play Peter Pan, or The Boy Who Would n't Grow Up in half a century, after Disney's version in 1953. P.J. Hogan directed a screenplay co-written with Michael Goldenberg which is based on the play and novel by J.M. Barrie. Jason Isaacs plays the dual roles of Captain Hook and George Darling, Olivia Williams plays Mrs. Darling, while Jeremy Sumpter plays Peter Pan, Rachel Hurd - Wood plays Wendy Darling, and Ludivine Sagnier plays Tinker Bell. Lynn Redgrave plays a supporting role as Aunt Millicent, a new character created for the film. Title: The Sun's Darling Passage: The Sun's Darling is a masque, or masque-like play, written by John Ford and Thomas Dekker, and first published in 1656. Title: The New Dance Show Passage: The New Dance Show was a television series in Detroit, Michigan, which ran on WGPR-TV 62 (now a CBS affiliate known as WWJ-TV). Hosted by R.J Watkins, "The New Dance Show" was a low-budget local version of Soul Train and featured regular dancers, including a man who dressed like a Gypsy and who wore a cape, and a woman who dressed as a boxer. The show featured music from several influential Detroit techno artists. Title: All Neat in Black Stockings Passage: All Neat in Black Stockings is a 1968 British comedy film directed by Christopher Morahan and starring Victor Henry, Susan George and Jack Shepherd. Based on a novel by Jane Gaskell, its plot follows an easygoing window cleaner called 'Ginger' who falls in love with a woman he meets in Swinging London. The film is in the British New Wave tradition and shows the blue collar working man lifestyle. The movie is a 1960s time capsule of cars, dress and dancing (even Old Spice cologne and Pepsi bottles). Title: The Bachelorette (season 8) Passage: The Bachelorette 8 is the eighth season of ABC reality television series The Bachelorette. The show premiered on May 14, 2012, featuring Emily Maynard dating 25 men. Maynard chose Brad Womack in the fifteenth season of The Bachelor because she's an independent woman capable of picking her own man, but they split after the show. Title: Denver Pyle Passage: Denver Dell Pyle (May 11, 1920 -- December 25, 1997) was an American film and television actor. He was known for portraying Briscoe Darling, Jr. in several episodes of The Andy Griffith Show, and playing Jesse Duke in The Dukes of Hazzard from 1979 - 85. Title: Loretta Devine Passage: Loretta Devine (born August 21, 1949) is an American actress and singer, best known for her roles as Marla Hendricks in the Fox drama series Boston Public, and for her recurring role as Adele Webber on the Shonda Rhimes' Grey's Anatomy, for which she won a Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Guest Actress in a Drama Series in 2011. She had a role in the series Everybody Hates Chris as Rochelle's mother. In film, Devine appeared in Waiting to Exhale, The Preacher's Wife, I Am Sam, Urban Legend, Crash, Woman Thou Art Loosed, For Colored Girls, This Christmas and Jumping the Broom. She also played Cynthia Carmichael on the NBC sitcom The Carmichael Show. Title: Silverton, Texas Passage: Silverton is a city in Briscoe County, Texas, United States. The population was 731 at the 2010 census. It is the county seat of Briscoe County. Title: Wanna Come In? Passage: Wanna Come In? is an MTV reality television show. It is a modern reality twist on the legendary play "Cyrano de Bergerac". In the show, a two-man team that consists of a "stud" and a "dud" compete with another "stud"/"dud" duo to try to win cash prizes. The "stud" secretly coaches the "dud" by speaking through a hidden microphone while the "dud" is on a blind date with a beautiful young woman. Each team goes through several challenges in an effort to get the "geek" invited inside the woman's home at the end of the date. If she does not invite her "dud" inside, the team loses. Title: Bridget Loves Bernie Passage: Bridget Loves Bernie is an American sitcom created by Bernard Slade. Depicting an interfaith marriage between a Catholic woman and a Jewish man, "Bridget Loves Bernie" was based loosely on the premise of the 1920s Broadway play and 1940s radio show "Abie's Irish Rose". It stars Meredith Baxter and David Birney as the title characters. It was canceled by CBS after only one season, despite high ratings. Title: Briscoe Darling Jr. Passage: Briscoe Darling Jr. is a fictional character from The Andy Griffith Show, an American situation comedy from the 1960s that aired on CBS. The character was portrayed by actor Denver Pyle, best known for his roles as Grandpa Tarleton on Tammy, Buck Webb on The Doris Day Show, and Uncle Jesse on The Dukes of Hazzard. Briscoe was the patriarch of the mountain family The Darlings that appeared in several episodes during the run of the series. Title: Duel (1971 film) Passage: Dennis Weaver as David Mann Jacqueline Scott as Mrs. Mann Carey Loftin as the Truck Driver Eddie Firestone as Café owner Lou Frizzell as Bus Driver Eugene Dynarski as Man in café Lucille Benson as Lady at Snakerama Tim Herbert as Gas station attendant Charles Seel as Old man Shirley O'Hara as Waitress Alexander Lockwood as Jim, Old man in car Amy Douglass as Old woman in car Sweet Dick Whittington as Radio interviewer Dale Van Sickel as Car Driver Shawn Steinman as Girl on School Bus (uncredited) Title: Waitin' on a Woman Passage: Paisley has referred to ``Waitin 'on a Woman ''as`` one of the most important songs'' that he's ever recorded. Because of the importance that he places on the song, Paisley asked Andy Griffith to star in the music video, as he felt that Griffith's personality matched the personality of the older man in the song. Griffith speaks the old man's lines in the video as well. Jim Shea and Peter Tilden directed the video. Title: When a Woman Waits Passage: When a Woman Waits is a 1914 American silent short drama film directed by Henry Otto starring Ed Coxen, George Field, and Winifred Greenwood. Title: Kiss (1963 film) Passage: Kiss is a 1963 silent American experimental film directed by Andy Warhol, which runs 50 minutes and features various couples—man and woman, woman and woman, man and man—kissing for 3½ minutes each. The film features Naomi Levine, Gerard Malanga, Rufus Collins, Johnny Dodd, and Ed Sanders. Title: Epicœne, or The Silent Woman Passage: Epicœne, or The Silent Woman, also known as Epicene, is a comedy by Renaissance playwright Ben Jonson. The play is about a man named Dauphine who creates a scheme to get his inheritance from his uncle Morose. The plan involves setting Morose up to marry Epicoene, a boy disguised as a woman. It was originally performed by the Blackfriars Children, or Children of the Queen's Revels, a group of boy players, in 1609. Excluding its two prologues, the play is written entirely in prose. Title: The Man in Grey (novel) Passage: The Man in Grey was a novel by the British writer Lady Eleanor Smith first published in 1941. It was a melodrama set in Regency Britain. A young woman unhappily married to a cold aristocrat falls in love with a strolling actor, but her hopes of eloping to happiness are wrecked by an old school friend who murders her in order to be able to marry her husband. Title: To the Manor Born Passage: The cast is led by Penelope Keith as Audrey fforbes - Hamilton and Peter Bowles as Richard. The other main cast members in the original series are Angela Thorne (playing Audrey's old friend Marjory), Daphne Heard (Richard's mother, Mrs Polouvicka), John Rudling (Brabinger the butler), Michael Bilton (Ned, the odd - job man) and Gerald Sim (the Rector). Rudling was absent in the 1979 Christmas special and for much of the second series due to his ill health; his character was temporarily replaced as butler by Ned. Rudling died in 1983. Angela Thorne had worked with Keith before when she had played Lady ``George ''Truscott in a 1977 episode of The Good Life. Michael Bilton played Basil Makepeace, a main character in the first four series of the sitcom Waiting for God in the 1990s before his death in 1993. Title: The Adventures of Brisco County, Jr. Passage: The Adventures of Brisco County, Jr., often referred to as just Brisco or Brisco County, is an American weird western television series created by Jeffrey Boam and Carlton Cuse. It ran for 27 episodes on the Fox network starting in the 1993–94 season. Set in the American West of 1893, the series follows its title character, a Harvard-educated lawyer-turned-bounty hunter hired by a group of wealthy industrialists to track and capture outlaw John Bly and his gang. Bruce Campbell plays Brisco, who is joined by a colorful group of supporting characters, including Julius Carry as fellow bounty hunter Lord Bowler and Christian Clemenson as stick-in-the-mud lawyer Socrates Poole. Title: Chuck Darling Passage: Charles Frick Darling (born March 20, 1930) is an American basketball player who competed in the 1956 Summer Olympics. Born in Denison, Iowa, Darling played collegiately at the University of Iowa.	[ "Briscoe Darling Jr.", "Waitin' on a Woman" ]
3hop1__107261_136629_85446	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Johnnie & Jack were an American country music duo composed of Johnnie Wright (1914–2011) and Jack Anglin (1916–1963). The duo became members of the Grand Ole Opry in the 1940s. Between 1951 and 1962, the duo released several singles on the RCA Victor Records label, including their version of \"Goodnite, Sweetheart, Goodnite\" which peaked at No. 4 on the Best Seller charts, and the No. 1 \"(Oh Baby Mine) I Get So Lonely\".", "title": "Johnnie & Jack" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Río de la Miel is a short river in the south of Spain, emptying into the Bay of Gibraltar at Algeciras. It falls over a distance of 350 metres including some waterfalls and working water mills. As the port of Algeciras expanded, docks on the river became marooned inland, and within the town much of the river is now culverted.", "title": "Río de la Miel" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Jean-Louis Borloo (; born 7 April 1951 in Paris) is a French politician and was the leader of the Union of Democrats and Independents, and French Minister for Ecology, Energy, Sustainable Development and Town and Country Planning (Regional Development) between 2007 and 2010. On 6 April 2014, he announced in a letter that he would resign from every mandate or responsibility, due to health reasons.", "title": "Jean-Louis Borloo" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Mohammad Mosaddegh (Persian: محمد مصدق ‎ ‎; IPA: (mohæmˈmæd (- e) mosædˈdeɣ) (listen); 16 June 1882 -- 5 March 1967), was an Iranian politician. He was the head of a democratically elected government, holding office as the Prime Minister of Iran from 1951 until 1953, when his government was overthrown in a coup d'état aided by the United States' Central Intelligence Agency and the United Kingdom's Secret Intelligence Service.", "title": "Mohammad Mosaddegh" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Gordon Liu (Lau Ka - fai Chinese: 劉家輝; pinyin: Liu Jiahui; Wade -- Giles: Liu Chia - hui, birth name Xian Jinxi; born August 22, 1951) is a Chinese martial arts film actor and martial artist. He became famous for playing the lead role of San Te in The 36th Chamber of Shaolin (1978) and its sequels. He later became known for his two roles in Quentin Tarantino's Kill Bill films: Johnny Mo, the leader of the Crazy 88 Yakuza gang in Volume 1 (2003); and kung fu master Pai Mei in Volume 2 (2004).", "title": "Gordon Liu" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Indian general election, 1951 ← 1945 25 October 1951 to 21 February 1952 1957 → All 489 seats in the Lok Sabha 245 seats were needed for a majority First party Second party Leader Jawaharlal Nehru Shripad Amrit Dange Party INC CPI Leader's seat Phulpur Bombay City North Seats won 364 16 Popular vote 47,665,875 3,484,401 Percentage 44.99% 3.29% Prime Minister before election Jawaharlal Nehru INC Subsequent Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru INC", "title": "1951–52 Indian general election" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Kleicha () may be considered the national cookie of both Iraq and Saudi Arabia. Kleicha come in several traditional shapes and fillings. The most popular are the ones filled with dates (\"kleichat tamur\"). There are also sweet discs (\"khfefiyyat\"), as well as half moons filled with nuts, sugar and/or desiccated coconut (\"kleichat joz\").", "title": "Kleicha" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Due to the expansion of trade and its geographical proximity, Kiev became the most important trade centre and chief among the communes; therefore the leader of Kiev gained political \"control\" over the surrounding areas. This princedom emerged from a coalition of traditional patriarchic family communes banded together in an effort to increase the applicable workforce and expand the productivity of the land. This union developed the first major cities in the Rus' and was the first notable form of self-government. As these communes became larger, the emphasis was taken off the family holdings and placed on the territory that surrounded. This shift in ideology became known as the verv'.", "title": "Kievan Rus'" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Gallup, Inc. is an American research - based, global performance - management consulting company. Founded by George Gallup in 1935, the company became known for its public opinion polls conducted worldwide. It provides research and strategic consulting to large organizations in many countries, focusing on ``analytics and advice to help leaders and organizations solve their most pressing problems ''.", "title": "Gallup (company)" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Marooned in Iraq (, and also known as \"Songs of My Motherland\" ) is a 2002 Iranian (Kurdish/Persian) film directed by Bahman Ghobadi and produced in Iran. It was screened in the Un Certain Regard section at the 2002 Cannes Film Festival.", "title": "Marooned in Iraq" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Gamini Atukorale (2 April 1951 – 1 January 2002) was the former Transport, Highways and Civil Aviation Minister in Sri Lanka and former General Secretary and Deputy Leader of United National Party.", "title": "Gamini Atukorale" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Filming also took place in 2017 at Owlpen Manor in the Cotswolds and in the London neighborhood of Fitzrovia, in Fitzroy Square, and Grafton Mews. Woodcock drives a maroon Bristol 405 in the film.", "title": "Phantom Thread" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Chatham Maroons are a junior ice hockey team based in Chatham, Ontario, Canada. They play in the Western division of the Greater Ontario Junior Hockey League. The Maroons were the 1970 Western Ontario Junior A Champions and 1973 Southern Ontario Junior A Champions. The Maroons have won multiple Junior B league titles and the 1999 Sutherland Cup as Ontario Hockey Association Junior B Champions.", "title": "Chatham Maroons" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Sükhbaataryn Yanjmaa ( born Nemendeyen Yanjmaa, ; 15 February 1893 – 1 May 1962) was a Mongolian politician. As Chairperson of the Presidium of the State Great Khural, she became only the second woman in history to be elected or appointed head of state, and the first in a sovereign country. She was the widow of Mongolian revolutionary leader Damdin Sükhbaatar.", "title": "Sükhbaataryn Yanjmaa" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Today, the four official Maroon towns still in existence in Jamaica are Accompong Town, Moore Town, Charles Town and Scott's Hall. They hold lands allotted to them in the 1739 - 1740 treaties with the British. These maroons still maintain their traditional celebrations and practices, some of which have West African origin. For example, the council of a Maroon settlement is called an Asofo, from the Twi Akan word asafo (assembly, church, society).", "title": "Jamaican Maroons" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Black on Maroon is a 1958 painting by Mark Rothko. It is housed at the Tate Modern gallery in London.", "title": "Black on Maroon" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Zulay Henao as Esperanza Willis, ex-wife of Edward, a 911 dispatcher for the city of Maxine. Mother of a daughter named Mika with Edward. When she began dating Julius, he immediately became a target of Edward's rage and jealousy, which is later justified as he is the relative of a drug - cartel leader, which constantly places her and Mika in danger.", "title": "If Loving You Is Wrong" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Chicago Maroons football represents the University of Chicago in college football. The Maroons, which play in NCAA Division III, are football - only member of the Midwest Conference starting with the 2017 season. From 1892 to 1939, the Maroons were a major college football power. The University of Chicago was a founding member of the Big Ten Conference and the Maroons were coached by Amos Alonzo Stagg, one of the game's pioneers, for 41 seasons. In 1935, halfback Jay Berwanger became the first recipient of the Downtown Athletic Club Trophy, later known as the Heisman Trophy. Nonetheless, in the late 1930s, university president Robert Maynard Hutchins decided that big - time college football and the university's commitment to academics was not a good fit. The University of Chicago abolished its football program in 1939 and withdrew from the Big Ten in 1946. Football returned to the University of Chicago in 1963 in the form of a club team, which was upgraded to varsity status in 1969. The Maroons began competing in Division III in 1973.", "title": "Chicago Maroons football" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Queen Nanny or Nanny (c. 1686 -- c. 1755), a Jamaica National Hero, was a 18th - century leader of the Jamaican Maroons. Much of what is known about her comes from oral history, as little textual evidence exists. She was born into the Fante people in what is today Ghana, and escaped from slavery after being transported to Jamaica.", "title": "Nanny of the Maroons" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Expedición Robinson was a popular television show that aired in Argentina from 2000 to 2001 and was the first edition of \"Robinson\", or \"Survivor\" as it is referred to in some countries to air in South America. The show was not a success in Argentina and after only two seasons the show was canceled. The name alludes to both \"Robinson Crusoe\" and \"The Swiss Family Robinson\", two stories featuring people marooned by shipwrecks.", "title": "Expedición Robinson" } ]	Who became the leader of the country Marooned in the country Kleicha originates is set in 1951?	Mohammad Mosaddegh	[]	Title: Kleicha Passage: Kleicha () may be considered the national cookie of both Iraq and Saudi Arabia. Kleicha come in several traditional shapes and fillings. The most popular are the ones filled with dates ("kleichat tamur"). There are also sweet discs ("khfefiyyat"), as well as half moons filled with nuts, sugar and/or desiccated coconut ("kleichat joz"). Title: Río de la Miel Passage: The Río de la Miel is a short river in the south of Spain, emptying into the Bay of Gibraltar at Algeciras. It falls over a distance of 350 metres including some waterfalls and working water mills. As the port of Algeciras expanded, docks on the river became marooned inland, and within the town much of the river is now culverted. Title: Gamini Atukorale Passage: Gamini Atukorale (2 April 1951 – 1 January 2002) was the former Transport, Highways and Civil Aviation Minister in Sri Lanka and former General Secretary and Deputy Leader of United National Party. Title: Expedición Robinson Passage: Expedición Robinson was a popular television show that aired in Argentina from 2000 to 2001 and was the first edition of "Robinson", or "Survivor" as it is referred to in some countries to air in South America. The show was not a success in Argentina and after only two seasons the show was canceled. The name alludes to both "Robinson Crusoe" and "The Swiss Family Robinson", two stories featuring people marooned by shipwrecks. Title: Black on Maroon Passage: Black on Maroon is a 1958 painting by Mark Rothko. It is housed at the Tate Modern gallery in London. Title: Mohammad Mosaddegh Passage: Mohammad Mosaddegh (Persian: محمد مصدق ‎ ‎; IPA: (mohæmˈmæd (- e) mosædˈdeɣ) (listen); 16 June 1882 -- 5 March 1967), was an Iranian politician. He was the head of a democratically elected government, holding office as the Prime Minister of Iran from 1951 until 1953, when his government was overthrown in a coup d'état aided by the United States' Central Intelligence Agency and the United Kingdom's Secret Intelligence Service. Title: Gallup (company) Passage: Gallup, Inc. is an American research - based, global performance - management consulting company. Founded by George Gallup in 1935, the company became known for its public opinion polls conducted worldwide. It provides research and strategic consulting to large organizations in many countries, focusing on ``analytics and advice to help leaders and organizations solve their most pressing problems ''. Title: Nanny of the Maroons Passage: Queen Nanny or Nanny (c. 1686 -- c. 1755), a Jamaica National Hero, was a 18th - century leader of the Jamaican Maroons. Much of what is known about her comes from oral history, as little textual evidence exists. She was born into the Fante people in what is today Ghana, and escaped from slavery after being transported to Jamaica. Title: 1951–52 Indian general election Passage: Indian general election, 1951 ← 1945 25 October 1951 to 21 February 1952 1957 → All 489 seats in the Lok Sabha 245 seats were needed for a majority First party Second party Leader Jawaharlal Nehru Shripad Amrit Dange Party INC CPI Leader's seat Phulpur Bombay City North Seats won 364 16 Popular vote 47,665,875 3,484,401 Percentage 44.99% 3.29% Prime Minister before election Jawaharlal Nehru INC Subsequent Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru INC Title: Jamaican Maroons Passage: Today, the four official Maroon towns still in existence in Jamaica are Accompong Town, Moore Town, Charles Town and Scott's Hall. They hold lands allotted to them in the 1739 - 1740 treaties with the British. These maroons still maintain their traditional celebrations and practices, some of which have West African origin. For example, the council of a Maroon settlement is called an Asofo, from the Twi Akan word asafo (assembly, church, society). Title: Gordon Liu Passage: Gordon Liu (Lau Ka - fai Chinese: 劉家輝; pinyin: Liu Jiahui; Wade -- Giles: Liu Chia - hui, birth name Xian Jinxi; born August 22, 1951) is a Chinese martial arts film actor and martial artist. He became famous for playing the lead role of San Te in The 36th Chamber of Shaolin (1978) and its sequels. He later became known for his two roles in Quentin Tarantino's Kill Bill films: Johnny Mo, the leader of the Crazy 88 Yakuza gang in Volume 1 (2003); and kung fu master Pai Mei in Volume 2 (2004). Title: Chicago Maroons football Passage: The Chicago Maroons football represents the University of Chicago in college football. The Maroons, which play in NCAA Division III, are football - only member of the Midwest Conference starting with the 2017 season. From 1892 to 1939, the Maroons were a major college football power. The University of Chicago was a founding member of the Big Ten Conference and the Maroons were coached by Amos Alonzo Stagg, one of the game's pioneers, for 41 seasons. In 1935, halfback Jay Berwanger became the first recipient of the Downtown Athletic Club Trophy, later known as the Heisman Trophy. Nonetheless, in the late 1930s, university president Robert Maynard Hutchins decided that big - time college football and the university's commitment to academics was not a good fit. The University of Chicago abolished its football program in 1939 and withdrew from the Big Ten in 1946. Football returned to the University of Chicago in 1963 in the form of a club team, which was upgraded to varsity status in 1969. The Maroons began competing in Division III in 1973. Title: Kievan Rus' Passage: Due to the expansion of trade and its geographical proximity, Kiev became the most important trade centre and chief among the communes; therefore the leader of Kiev gained political "control" over the surrounding areas. This princedom emerged from a coalition of traditional patriarchic family communes banded together in an effort to increase the applicable workforce and expand the productivity of the land. This union developed the first major cities in the Rus' and was the first notable form of self-government. As these communes became larger, the emphasis was taken off the family holdings and placed on the territory that surrounded. This shift in ideology became known as the verv'. Title: Jean-Louis Borloo Passage: Jean-Louis Borloo (; born 7 April 1951 in Paris) is a French politician and was the leader of the Union of Democrats and Independents, and French Minister for Ecology, Energy, Sustainable Development and Town and Country Planning (Regional Development) between 2007 and 2010. On 6 April 2014, he announced in a letter that he would resign from every mandate or responsibility, due to health reasons. Title: If Loving You Is Wrong Passage: Zulay Henao as Esperanza Willis, ex-wife of Edward, a 911 dispatcher for the city of Maxine. Mother of a daughter named Mika with Edward. When she began dating Julius, he immediately became a target of Edward's rage and jealousy, which is later justified as he is the relative of a drug - cartel leader, which constantly places her and Mika in danger. Title: Marooned in Iraq Passage: Marooned in Iraq (, and also known as "Songs of My Motherland" ) is a 2002 Iranian (Kurdish/Persian) film directed by Bahman Ghobadi and produced in Iran. It was screened in the Un Certain Regard section at the 2002 Cannes Film Festival. Title: Chatham Maroons Passage: The Chatham Maroons are a junior ice hockey team based in Chatham, Ontario, Canada. They play in the Western division of the Greater Ontario Junior Hockey League. The Maroons were the 1970 Western Ontario Junior A Champions and 1973 Southern Ontario Junior A Champions. The Maroons have won multiple Junior B league titles and the 1999 Sutherland Cup as Ontario Hockey Association Junior B Champions. Title: Phantom Thread Passage: Filming also took place in 2017 at Owlpen Manor in the Cotswolds and in the London neighborhood of Fitzrovia, in Fitzroy Square, and Grafton Mews. Woodcock drives a maroon Bristol 405 in the film. Title: Johnnie & Jack Passage: Johnnie & Jack were an American country music duo composed of Johnnie Wright (1914–2011) and Jack Anglin (1916–1963). The duo became members of the Grand Ole Opry in the 1940s. Between 1951 and 1962, the duo released several singles on the RCA Victor Records label, including their version of "Goodnite, Sweetheart, Goodnite" which peaked at No. 4 on the Best Seller charts, and the No. 1 "(Oh Baby Mine) I Get So Lonely". Title: Sükhbaataryn Yanjmaa Passage: Sükhbaataryn Yanjmaa ( born Nemendeyen Yanjmaa, ; 15 February 1893 – 1 May 1962) was a Mongolian politician. As Chairperson of the Presidium of the State Great Khural, she became only the second woman in history to be elected or appointed head of state, and the first in a sovereign country. She was the widow of Mongolian revolutionary leader Damdin Sükhbaatar.	[ "Mohammad Mosaddegh", "Kleicha", "Marooned in Iraq" ]
2hop__496817_701819	[{"idx":0,"is_supporting":false,"paragraph_text":"WCSN-FM (105.7 FM, \"Sunny 105.7 FM\") is a radio (...TRUNCATED)	What shares a border with Rivière-Verte in the province WRSU-FM broadcasts in?	Edmundston	[]	"Title: KSAO (FM)\nPassage: KSAO (93.9 FM) is an American radio station licensed to serve the commun(...TRUNCATED)	[ "WRSU-FM", "Rivière-Verte, New Brunswick" ]

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Text Generation • 8B • Updated Mar 5 • 7