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id stringlengths 13 34	paragraphs listlengths 16 20	question stringlengths 29 283	answer stringlengths 1 100	answer_aliases listlengths 0 10	context stringlengths 3.85k 19.2k	citations listlengths 2 4
2hop__863803_48335	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Nigerian passports can be applied for either at the physical location of the Nigeria Immigration Services, or by making submission through its website. Nigerians living in other countries may obtain passports through the nearest Nigerian embassy or consulate.", "title": "Nigerian passport" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "All Canadian passports are issued by the Passport Program of Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada (IRCC). Prior to 1 July 2013, Canadian passports were issued by Passport Canada, an independent operating agency of Foreign Affairs and International Trade Canada. They are normally valid for five or ten years for persons 16 years of age and older, and five years for children under 16. In 2017, 60 per cent of Canadians had passports, with there being about 22 million passports in circulation. Although held by individuals, all Canadian passports remain property of the Government of Canada and must be returned to the Passport Program upon request.", "title": "Canadian passport" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Safe conduct documents, usually notes signed by the monarch, were issued to foreigners as well as English subjects in medieval times. They were first mentioned in an Act of Parliament, the Safe Conducts Act in 1414. Between 1540 and 1685, the Privy Council issued passports, although they were still signed by the monarch until the reign of Charles II when the Secretary of State could sign them instead. The Secretary of State signed all passports in place of the monarch from 1794 onwards, at which time formal records started to be kept.", "title": "British passport" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "A biometric passport (also known as an e-passport, ePassport or a digital passport) is a traditional passport that has an embedded electronic microprocessor chip which contains biometric information that can be used to authenticate the identity of passport holder. It uses contactless smart card technology, including a microprocessor chip (computer chip) and antenna (for both power to the chip and communication) embedded in the front or back cover, or center page, of the passport. The passport's critical information is both printed on the data page of the passport and stored in the chip. Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) is used to authenticate the data stored electronically in the passport chip making it expensive and difficult to forge when all security mechanisms are fully and correctly implemented. Many countries are moving towards the issue of biometric passports. As of December 2008, 60 countries were issuing such passports, and this number was 96 as of 5 April 2017.", "title": "Biometric passport" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In 1988, the UK Government voluntarily changed the colour of the passport to burgundy red, in line with all EU passports. The UK Government announced plans in December 2017 to return to the dark blue cover passport after Brexit.", "title": "British passport" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "So Long, Marianne is a compilation album by Leonard Cohen, issued in 1989 and in 1995. It features songs from his first four albums, already covered by his 1975 best of album. Although not authorized by the artist, the album is nevertheless an official release, as Cohen's label issued it. The CD was available in several countries with different art covers and in different cheap CD series (Pop Shop in Germany, Collectors Choice in the UK, Memory Pop Shop in the Netherlands, Redhot in the UK), and also as audio cassette with four extra songs.", "title": "So Long, Marianne (album)" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The contemporary period of required passports for Americans under United States law began on November 29, 1941. A 1978 amendment to the Immigration and Nationality Act of 1952 made it unlawful to enter or depart the United States without an issued passport even in peacetime.", "title": "United States passport" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Sri Lankan passports are issued to citizens of Sri Lanka for the purpose of international travel. The Department of Immigration and Emigration is responsible for issuing Sri Lankan passports.", "title": "Sri Lankan passport" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "An Indian passport is a passport issued by order of the President of India to Indian citizens for the purpose of international travel. It enables the bearer to travel internationally and serves as proof of Indian citizenship as per the Passports Act (1967). The Passport Seva (Passport Service) unit of the Consular, Passport & Visa (CPV) Division of the Ministry of External Affairs, functions as the central passport organisation, and is responsible for issuing Indian passports on demand to all eligible Indian citizens. Indian passports are issued at 93 passport offices located across India and at 162 Indian diplomatic missions abroad.", "title": "Indian passport" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "As of 10 July 2018, holders of a United States passport could travel to 186 countries and territories without a travel visa, or with a visa on arrival. The United States passport currently ranks 4th in terms of travel freedom (tied with the passports of Austria, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway, Portugal and the UK) according to the Henley Passport Index.", "title": "Visa requirements for United States citizens" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Visa requirements for British citizens are administrative entry restrictions by the authorities of other states placed on citizens of the United Kingdom. As of 10 July 2018, British citizens had visa - free or visa on arrival access to 186 countries and territories, ranking the British passport 4th in terms of travel freedom (tied with Austrian, Dutch, Luxembourgish, Norwegian, Portuguese and the United States passports) according to the Henley Passport Index. Additionally, the World Tourism Organization also published a report on 15 January 2016 ranking the British passport 1st in the world (tied with Denmark, Finland, Germany, Italy, Luxembourg and Singapore) in terms of travel freedom, with a mobility index of 160 (out of 215 with no visa weighted by 1, visa on arrival weighted by 0.7, eVisa by 0.5, and traditional visa weighted by 0).", "title": "Visa requirements for British citizens" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Her Majesty's Passport Office (HMPO) is a division of the Home Office in the United Kingdom. It provides passports for British nationals worldwide and was formed on 1 April 2006 as the Identity and Passport Service, although the Passport Office had also been its previous name.", "title": "HM Passport Office" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "With Switzerland joining the Schengen Treaty in March 2009, the air side was rearranged to include a Schengen and non-Schengen zone. As border control is staffed by both Swiss and French border officers, passengers departing to or arriving from non-Schengen countries may receive either a Swiss or French passport stamp, depending on which officer they happen to approach.", "title": "EuroAirport Basel Mulhouse Freiburg" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Liquid Blue is an American indie pop rock band/cover band formed in San Diego, California in 1996 by Scott Stephens & Michael Vangerov. The group has performed in more than 500 cities in 100 countries on six continents and have been recognized as \"the world's most traveled band\". They are more popular in parts of Asia and Europe than in their home country (USA). In 2010 the group scored their first hit in the United States with the song \"Earth Passport\", which reached No. 3 on the Billboard Hot Dance Chart in October 2010. Earth Passport was recorded using nine languages including all six of the official languages of the United Nations. Liquid Blue received a Guinness World Record for \"Earth Passport\" for \"Song Sung in the Most Languages\". In 2011 the group was named \"Entertainer of the Year - Ensemble\" at the Event Solutions Spotlight Awards held in Las Vegas on February 28. The band was \"certified green\" by the County of San Diego in May 2009. The band's official slogan is \"Music To Move You.\" The core unit of Stephens, Vangerov, and Nikki Green have been together since 1998.", "title": "Liquid Blue" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "At the scheduled time (or at any time during the passport issuing post's working hours, for the old model), the applicant goes to the chosen Federal Police post with the required documents (no photograph needed for the new model, since the photo is taken digitally on the spot) and the passport will be ready at most six working days later (usually less). There is no fast - track system under ordinary circumstances.", "title": "Brazilian passport" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Visa requirements for Indian citizens are administrative entry restrictions by the authorities of other states placed on citizens of India. As of 1 January 2017, Indian citizens had visa - free or visa on arrival access to 49 countries and territories, ranking the Indian passport 87th in terms of travel freedom (tied with Guinea - Bissauan and Turkmen passports) according to the Henley visa restrictions index. Visitors engaging in activities other than tourism, including unpaid work, require a visa or work permit except for Nepal and Bhutan. Indian citizens who are not natives of the following states also require an Inner Line Permit (ILP) if they are travelling to Arunachal Pradesh, Nagaland, or Mizoram. ILPs can be obtained online or at the airports of these states on arrival.", "title": "Visa requirements for Indian citizens" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Visa requirements for Thai citizens are administrative entry restrictions imposed on citizens of Thailand by the authorities of other states. As of February 2018, Thai citizens had visa - free or visa on arrival access to 75 countries and territories, ranking the Thai passport 65th in terms of travel freedom according to the Henley Passport Index.", "title": "Visa requirements for Thai citizens" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Visa requirements for Canadian citizens are administrative entry restrictions by the authorities of other states placed on citizens of Canada. As of 1 January 2018, Canadian citizens had visa - free or visa on arrival access to 172 countries and territories, ranking the Canadian passport 6th in terms of travel freedom according to the Henley Passport Index.", "title": "Visa requirements for Canadian citizens" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Bogawantalawa (also spelled Bogawanthalawa) is a small town in the Central province of Sri Lanka. It is at 1514 m elevation above sea level, about 150 km east of Colombo, famous for its tea estates.", "title": "Bogawantalawa" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "On the inside of the back - cover, Iranian passports bear the inscription: ``The holder of this passport is not entitled to travel to occupied Palestine '', referring to Israel.", "title": "Iranian passport" } ]	what is the passport issuing authority in the country Bogawantala is located?	Department of Immigration and Emigration	[]	Title: Visa requirements for Indian citizens Passage: Visa requirements for Indian citizens are administrative entry restrictions by the authorities of other states placed on citizens of India. As of 1 January 2017, Indian citizens had visa - free or visa on arrival access to 49 countries and territories, ranking the Indian passport 87th in terms of travel freedom (tied with Guinea - Bissauan and Turkmen passports) according to the Henley visa restrictions index. Visitors engaging in activities other than tourism, including unpaid work, require a visa or work permit except for Nepal and Bhutan. Indian citizens who are not natives of the following states also require an Inner Line Permit (ILP) if they are travelling to Arunachal Pradesh, Nagaland, or Mizoram. ILPs can be obtained online or at the airports of these states on arrival. Title: United States passport Passage: The contemporary period of required passports for Americans under United States law began on November 29, 1941. A 1978 amendment to the Immigration and Nationality Act of 1952 made it unlawful to enter or depart the United States without an issued passport even in peacetime. Title: Visa requirements for British citizens Passage: Visa requirements for British citizens are administrative entry restrictions by the authorities of other states placed on citizens of the United Kingdom. As of 10 July 2018, British citizens had visa - free or visa on arrival access to 186 countries and territories, ranking the British passport 4th in terms of travel freedom (tied with Austrian, Dutch, Luxembourgish, Norwegian, Portuguese and the United States passports) according to the Henley Passport Index. Additionally, the World Tourism Organization also published a report on 15 January 2016 ranking the British passport 1st in the world (tied with Denmark, Finland, Germany, Italy, Luxembourg and Singapore) in terms of travel freedom, with a mobility index of 160 (out of 215 with no visa weighted by 1, visa on arrival weighted by 0.7, eVisa by 0.5, and traditional visa weighted by 0). Title: Liquid Blue Passage: Liquid Blue is an American indie pop rock band/cover band formed in San Diego, California in 1996 by Scott Stephens & Michael Vangerov. The group has performed in more than 500 cities in 100 countries on six continents and have been recognized as "the world's most traveled band". They are more popular in parts of Asia and Europe than in their home country (USA). In 2010 the group scored their first hit in the United States with the song "Earth Passport", which reached No. 3 on the Billboard Hot Dance Chart in October 2010. Earth Passport was recorded using nine languages including all six of the official languages of the United Nations. Liquid Blue received a Guinness World Record for "Earth Passport" for "Song Sung in the Most Languages". In 2011 the group was named "Entertainer of the Year - Ensemble" at the Event Solutions Spotlight Awards held in Las Vegas on February 28. The band was "certified green" by the County of San Diego in May 2009. The band's official slogan is "Music To Move You." The core unit of Stephens, Vangerov, and Nikki Green have been together since 1998. Title: Biometric passport Passage: A biometric passport (also known as an e-passport, ePassport or a digital passport) is a traditional passport that has an embedded electronic microprocessor chip which contains biometric information that can be used to authenticate the identity of passport holder. It uses contactless smart card technology, including a microprocessor chip (computer chip) and antenna (for both power to the chip and communication) embedded in the front or back cover, or center page, of the passport. The passport's critical information is both printed on the data page of the passport and stored in the chip. Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) is used to authenticate the data stored electronically in the passport chip making it expensive and difficult to forge when all security mechanisms are fully and correctly implemented. Many countries are moving towards the issue of biometric passports. As of December 2008, 60 countries were issuing such passports, and this number was 96 as of 5 April 2017. Title: British passport Passage: In 1988, the UK Government voluntarily changed the colour of the passport to burgundy red, in line with all EU passports. The UK Government announced plans in December 2017 to return to the dark blue cover passport after Brexit. Title: Visa requirements for United States citizens Passage: As of 10 July 2018, holders of a United States passport could travel to 186 countries and territories without a travel visa, or with a visa on arrival. The United States passport currently ranks 4th in terms of travel freedom (tied with the passports of Austria, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway, Portugal and the UK) according to the Henley Passport Index. Title: Sri Lankan passport Passage: Sri Lankan passports are issued to citizens of Sri Lanka for the purpose of international travel. The Department of Immigration and Emigration is responsible for issuing Sri Lankan passports. Title: British passport Passage: Safe conduct documents, usually notes signed by the monarch, were issued to foreigners as well as English subjects in medieval times. They were first mentioned in an Act of Parliament, the Safe Conducts Act in 1414. Between 1540 and 1685, the Privy Council issued passports, although they were still signed by the monarch until the reign of Charles II when the Secretary of State could sign them instead. The Secretary of State signed all passports in place of the monarch from 1794 onwards, at which time formal records started to be kept. Title: HM Passport Office Passage: Her Majesty's Passport Office (HMPO) is a division of the Home Office in the United Kingdom. It provides passports for British nationals worldwide and was formed on 1 April 2006 as the Identity and Passport Service, although the Passport Office had also been its previous name. Title: Indian passport Passage: An Indian passport is a passport issued by order of the President of India to Indian citizens for the purpose of international travel. It enables the bearer to travel internationally and serves as proof of Indian citizenship as per the Passports Act (1967). The Passport Seva (Passport Service) unit of the Consular, Passport & Visa (CPV) Division of the Ministry of External Affairs, functions as the central passport organisation, and is responsible for issuing Indian passports on demand to all eligible Indian citizens. Indian passports are issued at 93 passport offices located across India and at 162 Indian diplomatic missions abroad. Title: Brazilian passport Passage: At the scheduled time (or at any time during the passport issuing post's working hours, for the old model), the applicant goes to the chosen Federal Police post with the required documents (no photograph needed for the new model, since the photo is taken digitally on the spot) and the passport will be ready at most six working days later (usually less). There is no fast - track system under ordinary circumstances. Title: Iranian passport Passage: On the inside of the back - cover, Iranian passports bear the inscription: ``The holder of this passport is not entitled to travel to occupied Palestine '', referring to Israel. Title: Nigerian passport Passage: Nigerian passports can be applied for either at the physical location of the Nigeria Immigration Services, or by making submission through its website. Nigerians living in other countries may obtain passports through the nearest Nigerian embassy or consulate. Title: Visa requirements for Canadian citizens Passage: Visa requirements for Canadian citizens are administrative entry restrictions by the authorities of other states placed on citizens of Canada. As of 1 January 2018, Canadian citizens had visa - free or visa on arrival access to 172 countries and territories, ranking the Canadian passport 6th in terms of travel freedom according to the Henley Passport Index. Title: EuroAirport Basel Mulhouse Freiburg Passage: With Switzerland joining the Schengen Treaty in March 2009, the air side was rearranged to include a Schengen and non-Schengen zone. As border control is staffed by both Swiss and French border officers, passengers departing to or arriving from non-Schengen countries may receive either a Swiss or French passport stamp, depending on which officer they happen to approach. Title: Canadian passport Passage: All Canadian passports are issued by the Passport Program of Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada (IRCC). Prior to 1 July 2013, Canadian passports were issued by Passport Canada, an independent operating agency of Foreign Affairs and International Trade Canada. They are normally valid for five or ten years for persons 16 years of age and older, and five years for children under 16. In 2017, 60 per cent of Canadians had passports, with there being about 22 million passports in circulation. Although held by individuals, all Canadian passports remain property of the Government of Canada and must be returned to the Passport Program upon request. Title: Visa requirements for Thai citizens Passage: Visa requirements for Thai citizens are administrative entry restrictions imposed on citizens of Thailand by the authorities of other states. As of February 2018, Thai citizens had visa - free or visa on arrival access to 75 countries and territories, ranking the Thai passport 65th in terms of travel freedom according to the Henley Passport Index. Title: So Long, Marianne (album) Passage: So Long, Marianne is a compilation album by Leonard Cohen, issued in 1989 and in 1995. It features songs from his first four albums, already covered by his 1975 best of album. Although not authorized by the artist, the album is nevertheless an official release, as Cohen's label issued it. The CD was available in several countries with different art covers and in different cheap CD series (Pop Shop in Germany, Collectors Choice in the UK, Memory Pop Shop in the Netherlands, Redhot in the UK), and also as audio cassette with four extra songs. Title: Bogawantalawa Passage: Bogawantalawa (also spelled Bogawanthalawa) is a small town in the Central province of Sri Lanka. It is at 1514 m elevation above sea level, about 150 km east of Colombo, famous for its tea estates.	[ "Sri Lankan passport", "Bogawantalawa" ]
3hop1__8962_52584_61968	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The French colonization of the Americas began in the 16th century, and continued on into the following centuries as France established a colonial empire in the Western Hemisphere. France founded colonies in much of eastern North America, on a number of Caribbean islands, and in South America. Most colonies were developed to export products such as fish, rice sugar, and furs.", "title": "French colonization of the Americas" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "In 332 BC, Macedonian ruler Alexander the Great conquered Egypt as he toppled the Achaemenids and established the Hellenistic Ptolemaic Kingdom, whose first ruler was one of Alexander's former generals, Ptolemy I Soter. The Ptolemies had to fight native rebellions and were involved in foreign and civil wars that led to the decline of the kingdom and its final annexation by Rome. The death of Cleopatra ended the nominal independence of Egypt resulting in Egypt becoming one of the provinces of the Roman Empire.", "title": "History of Egypt" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Through his actions and speeches, and because he was able to symbolize the popular Arab will, Nasser inspired several nationalist revolutions in the Arab world. He defined the politics of his generation and communicated directly with the public masses of the Arab world, bypassing the various heads of states of those countries—an accomplishment not repeated by other Arab leaders. The extent of Nasser's centrality in the region made it a priority for incoming Arab nationalist heads of state to seek good relations with Egypt, in order to gain popular legitimacy from their own citizens.", "title": "Gamal Abdel Nasser" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Marshal Pietro Badoglio, 1st Duke of Addis Abeba, 1st Marquess of Sabotino (; 28 September 1871 – 1 November 1956), was an Italian general during both World Wars and the first viceroy of Italian East Africa. With the fall of the Fascist regime in Italy, he became Prime Minister of Italy.", "title": "Pietro Badoglio" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Around the 1st century BC the Shadanga or Six Limbs of Indian Painting, were evolved, a series of canons laying down the main principles of the art. Vatsyayana, who lived during the third century A.D., enumerates these in his Kamasutra having extracted them from still more ancient works.", "title": "Indian painting" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Under Tito's leadership, Yugoslavia became a founding member of the Non-Aligned Movement. In 1961, Tito co-founded the movement with Egypt's Gamal Abdel Nasser, India's Jawaharlal Nehru, Indonesia's Sukarno and Ghana's Kwame Nkrumah, in an action called The Initiative of Five (Tito, Nehru, Nasser, Sukarno, Nkrumah), thus establishing strong ties with third world countries. This move did much to improve Yugoslavia's diplomatic position. On 1 September 1961, Josip Broz Tito became the first Secretary-General of the Non-Aligned Movement.", "title": "Josip Broz Tito" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Marcus Antonius Creticus (flourished 1st century BC) was a Roman politician, member of the Antonius family. Creticus was the son of Marcus Antonius and, by his marriage to Julia Antonia, he had three sons: Marcus Antonius (the Triumvir), Gaius Antonius and Lucius Antonius.", "title": "Marcus Antonius Creticus" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The history of metallurgy in the Indian subcontinent began during the 2nd millennium BC. Archaeological sites in India, such as Malhar, Dadupur, Raja Nala Ka Tila and Lahuradewa in present - day Uttar Pradesh show iron implements in the period 1800 -- 1200 BC. Archaeological excavations in Hyderabad show an Iron Age burial site. Rakesh Tewari believes that around the beginning of the Indian Iron Age (13th century BC), iron smelting was widely practiced in India. Such use suggests that the date of the technology's inception may be around the 16th century BC.", "title": "Iron Age" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "What is today the Central African Republic has been inhabited for millennia; however, the country's current borders were established by France, which ruled the country as a colony starting in the late 19th century. After gaining independence from France in 1960, the Central African Republic was ruled by a series of autocratic leaders; by the 1990s, calls for democracy led to the first multi-party democratic elections in 1993. Ange-Félix Patassé became president, but was later removed by General François Bozizé in the 2003 coup. The Central African Republic Bush War began in 2004 and, despite a peace treaty in 2007 and another in 2011, fighting broke out between various factions in December 2012, leading to ethnic and religious cleansing of the Muslim minority and massive population displacement in 2013 and 2014.", "title": "Central African Republic" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Kepoi or Cepoi (Ancient Greek: Κῆποι, Russian: Кепы) was an ancient Greek colony situated on the Taman peninsula, three kilometres to the east of Phanagoria, in the present-day Krasnodar Krai of Russia. The colony was established by the Milesians in the 6th century BC. In the Hellenistic period, it was controlled by the kings of the Cimmerian Bosporus, who (according to Aeschines) made a present of a place called \"the Gardens\" to Gylon, the grandfather of Demosthenes. The town reached its peak in the 1st centuries AD, but the Huns and Goths put an end to its prosperity in the 4th century. Soviet excavations, started in 1957, yielded rich finds, including a marble statue of a Greek goddess (\"Aphrodite of Taman\"). More than 400 burials were explored at Kepoi in the 1960s and 1970s; the rest of the site has been submerged by the Sea of Azov.", "title": "Kepoi" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Yugoslavia had a liberal travel policy permitting foreigners to freely travel through the country and its citizens to travel worldwide, whereas it was limited by most Communist countries. A number[quantify] of Yugoslav citizens worked throughout Western Europe. Tito met many world leaders during his rule, such as Soviet rulers Joseph Stalin, Nikita Khrushchev and Leonid Brezhnev; Egypt's Gamal Abdel Nasser, Indian politicians Jawaharlal Nehru and Indira Gandhi; British Prime Ministers Winston Churchill, James Callaghan and Margaret Thatcher; U.S. Presidents Dwight D. Eisenhower, John F. Kennedy, Richard Nixon, Gerald Ford and Jimmy Carter; other political leaders, dignitaries and heads of state that Tito met at least once in his lifetime included Che Guevara, Fidel Castro, Yasser Arafat, Willy Brandt, Helmut Schmidt, Georges Pompidou, Queen Elizabeth II, Hua Guofeng, Kim Il Sung, Sukarno, Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, Suharto, Idi Amin, Haile Selassie, Kenneth Kaunda, Gaddafi, Erich Honecker, Nicolae Ceaușescu, János Kádár and Urho Kekkonen. He also met numerous celebrities.", "title": "Josip Broz Tito" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Lucius Aemilius Lepidus Paullus (flourished 1st century BC) was the brother of triumvir Marcus Aemilius Lepidus and son to Marcus Aemilius Lepidus the consul of 78 BC. His mother may have been a daughter of Lucius Appuleius Saturninus.", "title": "Lucius Aemilius Lepidus Paullus" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Cleopatra's Daughter () is a 1960 historical drama film set in Egypt during the reign of the pharaoh Khufu (r. 2589-2566 BC). The film stars Debra Paget and was directed by Fernando Cerchio. For some reason, the English version was translated very differently from the original Italian script, setting the film in the 1st century BC, rather than the early Bronze Age.", "title": "Cleopatra's Daughter" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Rome's history spans 28 centuries. While Roman mythology dates the founding of Rome at around 753 BC, the site has been inhabited for much longer, making it one of the oldest continuously occupied sites in Europe. The city's early population originated from a mix of Latins, Etruscans, and Sabines. Eventually, the city successively became the capital of the Roman Kingdom, the Roman Republic and the Roman Empire, and is regarded by some as the first ever metropolis. It was first called \"The Eternal City\" (; ) by the Roman poet Tibullus in the 1st century BC, and the expression was also taken up by Ovid, Virgil, and Livy. Rome is also called the \"Caput Mundi\" (Capital of the World). After the fall of the Western Empire, which marked the beginning of the Middle Ages, Rome slowly fell under the political control of the Papacy, and in the 8th century it became the capital of the Papal States, which lasted until 1870. Beginning with the Renaissance, almost all the popes since Nicholas V (1447–1455) pursued over four hundred years a coherent architectural and urban programme aimed at making the city the artistic and cultural centre of the world. In this way, Rome became first one of the major centres of the Italian Renaissance, and then the birthplace of both the Baroque style and Neoclassicism. Famous artists, painters, sculptors and architects made Rome the centre of their activity, creating masterpieces throughout the city. In 1871, Rome became the capital of the Kingdom of Italy, which, in 1946, became the Italian Republic.", "title": "Rome" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Armenia is a unitary, multi-party, democratic nation-state with an ancient cultural heritage. Urartu was established in 860 BC and by the 6th century BC it was replaced by the Satrapy of Armenia. In the 1st century BC the Kingdom of Armenia reached its height under Tigranes the Great. Armenia became the first state in the world to adopt Christianity as its official religion. In between the late 3rd century to early years of the 4th century, the state became the first Christian nation. The official date of state adoption of Christianity is 301 AD. The ancient Armenian kingdom was split between the Byzantine and Sasanian Empires around the early 5th century.", "title": "Armenia" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The history of New York begins around 10,000 BC, when the first native peoples arrived. By 1100 AD, New York's main native cultures, the Iroquoian and Algonquian, had developed. European discovery of New York was led by the French in 1524 and the first land claim came in 1609 by the Dutch. As part of New Netherland, the colony was important in the fur trade and eventually became an agricultural resource thanks to the patroon system. In 1626 the Dutch bought the island of Manhattan from Native Americans. In 1664, England renamed the colony New York, after the Duke of York (later James II & VII.) New York City gained prominence in the 18th century as a major trading port in the Thirteen Colonies.", "title": "History of New York (state)" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Nasser's nationalization of the Suez Canal and his emergence as the political victor from the subsequent Suez Crisis substantially elevated his popularity in Egypt and the Arab world. Calls for pan-Arab unity under his leadership increased, culminating with the formation of the United Arab Republic with Syria (1958–1961). In 1962, Nasser began a series of major socialist measures and modernization reforms in Egypt. Despite setbacks to his pan-Arabist cause, by 1963 Nasser's supporters gained power in several Arab countries and he became embroiled in the North Yemen Civil War. He began his second presidential term in March 1965 after his political opponents were banned from running. Following Egypt's defeat by Israel in the 1967 Six-Day War, Nasser resigned, but he returned to office after popular demonstrations called for his reinstatement. By 1968, Nasser had appointed himself prime minister, launched the War of Attrition to regain lost territory, began a process of depoliticizing the military, and issued a set of political liberalization reforms. After the conclusion of the 1970 Arab League summit, Nasser suffered a heart attack and died. His funeral in Cairo drew five million mourners and an outpouring of grief across the Arab world.", "title": "Gamal Abdel Nasser" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Relevant dates include 117 CE, when the Empire was at its greatest territorial extent, and the accession of Diocletian in 284. Irreversible major territorial loss, however, began in 376 with a large - scale irruption of Goths and others. In 395, after winning two destructive civil wars, Theodosius I died, leaving a collapsing field army and the Empire, still plagued by Goths, divided between his two incapable sons. By 476 when Odoacer deposed the Emperor Romulus, the Western Roman Emperor wielded negligible military, political, or financial power and had no effective control over the scattered Western domains that could still be described as Roman. Invading barbarians had established their own power in most of the area of the Western Empire. While its legitimacy lasted for centuries longer and its cultural influence remains today, the Western Empire never had the strength to rise again.", "title": "Fall of the Western Roman Empire" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In 228 BC Buthrotum became a Roman protectorate alongside Corfu. In the next century, it became a part of a province of Macedonia. In 44 BC, Caesar designated Buthrotum as a colony to reward soldiers who had fought for him against Pompey. Local landholder Titus Pomponius Atticus objected to his correspondent Cicero who lobbied against the plan in the Senate. As a result, only small numbers of colonists were settled.", "title": "Buthrotum" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Mithridates II Antiochus Epiphanes Philorhomaeus Philhellen Monocrites (, died 20 BC), also known as Mithridates II of Commagene, was a man of Armenian and Greek descent who lived in the 1st century BC. He was a prince of Commagene and one of the sons of King Antiochus I Theos of Commagene and Queen Isias Philostorgos of Commagene. When his father died in 38 BC, he succeeded his father and reigned until his death.", "title": "Mithridates II of Commagene" } ]	Nasser was the leader of the country that in the 1st century BC become a colony of an empire that began to fall in what year?	in 376	[ "376" ]	Title: Mithridates II of Commagene Passage: Mithridates II Antiochus Epiphanes Philorhomaeus Philhellen Monocrites (, died 20 BC), also known as Mithridates II of Commagene, was a man of Armenian and Greek descent who lived in the 1st century BC. He was a prince of Commagene and one of the sons of King Antiochus I Theos of Commagene and Queen Isias Philostorgos of Commagene. When his father died in 38 BC, he succeeded his father and reigned until his death. Title: Gamal Abdel Nasser Passage: Nasser's nationalization of the Suez Canal and his emergence as the political victor from the subsequent Suez Crisis substantially elevated his popularity in Egypt and the Arab world. Calls for pan-Arab unity under his leadership increased, culminating with the formation of the United Arab Republic with Syria (1958–1961). In 1962, Nasser began a series of major socialist measures and modernization reforms in Egypt. Despite setbacks to his pan-Arabist cause, by 1963 Nasser's supporters gained power in several Arab countries and he became embroiled in the North Yemen Civil War. He began his second presidential term in March 1965 after his political opponents were banned from running. Following Egypt's defeat by Israel in the 1967 Six-Day War, Nasser resigned, but he returned to office after popular demonstrations called for his reinstatement. By 1968, Nasser had appointed himself prime minister, launched the War of Attrition to regain lost territory, began a process of depoliticizing the military, and issued a set of political liberalization reforms. After the conclusion of the 1970 Arab League summit, Nasser suffered a heart attack and died. His funeral in Cairo drew five million mourners and an outpouring of grief across the Arab world. Title: Lucius Aemilius Lepidus Paullus Passage: Lucius Aemilius Lepidus Paullus (flourished 1st century BC) was the brother of triumvir Marcus Aemilius Lepidus and son to Marcus Aemilius Lepidus the consul of 78 BC. His mother may have been a daughter of Lucius Appuleius Saturninus. Title: Rome Passage: Rome's history spans 28 centuries. While Roman mythology dates the founding of Rome at around 753 BC, the site has been inhabited for much longer, making it one of the oldest continuously occupied sites in Europe. The city's early population originated from a mix of Latins, Etruscans, and Sabines. Eventually, the city successively became the capital of the Roman Kingdom, the Roman Republic and the Roman Empire, and is regarded by some as the first ever metropolis. It was first called "The Eternal City" (; ) by the Roman poet Tibullus in the 1st century BC, and the expression was also taken up by Ovid, Virgil, and Livy. Rome is also called the "Caput Mundi" (Capital of the World). After the fall of the Western Empire, which marked the beginning of the Middle Ages, Rome slowly fell under the political control of the Papacy, and in the 8th century it became the capital of the Papal States, which lasted until 1870. Beginning with the Renaissance, almost all the popes since Nicholas V (1447–1455) pursued over four hundred years a coherent architectural and urban programme aimed at making the city the artistic and cultural centre of the world. In this way, Rome became first one of the major centres of the Italian Renaissance, and then the birthplace of both the Baroque style and Neoclassicism. Famous artists, painters, sculptors and architects made Rome the centre of their activity, creating masterpieces throughout the city. In 1871, Rome became the capital of the Kingdom of Italy, which, in 1946, became the Italian Republic. Title: Buthrotum Passage: In 228 BC Buthrotum became a Roman protectorate alongside Corfu. In the next century, it became a part of a province of Macedonia. In 44 BC, Caesar designated Buthrotum as a colony to reward soldiers who had fought for him against Pompey. Local landholder Titus Pomponius Atticus objected to his correspondent Cicero who lobbied against the plan in the Senate. As a result, only small numbers of colonists were settled. Title: Central African Republic Passage: What is today the Central African Republic has been inhabited for millennia; however, the country's current borders were established by France, which ruled the country as a colony starting in the late 19th century. After gaining independence from France in 1960, the Central African Republic was ruled by a series of autocratic leaders; by the 1990s, calls for democracy led to the first multi-party democratic elections in 1993. Ange-Félix Patassé became president, but was later removed by General François Bozizé in the 2003 coup. The Central African Republic Bush War began in 2004 and, despite a peace treaty in 2007 and another in 2011, fighting broke out between various factions in December 2012, leading to ethnic and religious cleansing of the Muslim minority and massive population displacement in 2013 and 2014. Title: Josip Broz Tito Passage: Yugoslavia had a liberal travel policy permitting foreigners to freely travel through the country and its citizens to travel worldwide, whereas it was limited by most Communist countries. A number[quantify] of Yugoslav citizens worked throughout Western Europe. Tito met many world leaders during his rule, such as Soviet rulers Joseph Stalin, Nikita Khrushchev and Leonid Brezhnev; Egypt's Gamal Abdel Nasser, Indian politicians Jawaharlal Nehru and Indira Gandhi; British Prime Ministers Winston Churchill, James Callaghan and Margaret Thatcher; U.S. Presidents Dwight D. Eisenhower, John F. Kennedy, Richard Nixon, Gerald Ford and Jimmy Carter; other political leaders, dignitaries and heads of state that Tito met at least once in his lifetime included Che Guevara, Fidel Castro, Yasser Arafat, Willy Brandt, Helmut Schmidt, Georges Pompidou, Queen Elizabeth II, Hua Guofeng, Kim Il Sung, Sukarno, Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, Suharto, Idi Amin, Haile Selassie, Kenneth Kaunda, Gaddafi, Erich Honecker, Nicolae Ceaușescu, János Kádár and Urho Kekkonen. He also met numerous celebrities. Title: Indian painting Passage: Around the 1st century BC the Shadanga or Six Limbs of Indian Painting, were evolved, a series of canons laying down the main principles of the art. Vatsyayana, who lived during the third century A.D., enumerates these in his Kamasutra having extracted them from still more ancient works. Title: History of Egypt Passage: In 332 BC, Macedonian ruler Alexander the Great conquered Egypt as he toppled the Achaemenids and established the Hellenistic Ptolemaic Kingdom, whose first ruler was one of Alexander's former generals, Ptolemy I Soter. The Ptolemies had to fight native rebellions and were involved in foreign and civil wars that led to the decline of the kingdom and its final annexation by Rome. The death of Cleopatra ended the nominal independence of Egypt resulting in Egypt becoming one of the provinces of the Roman Empire. Title: Gamal Abdel Nasser Passage: Through his actions and speeches, and because he was able to symbolize the popular Arab will, Nasser inspired several nationalist revolutions in the Arab world. He defined the politics of his generation and communicated directly with the public masses of the Arab world, bypassing the various heads of states of those countries—an accomplishment not repeated by other Arab leaders. The extent of Nasser's centrality in the region made it a priority for incoming Arab nationalist heads of state to seek good relations with Egypt, in order to gain popular legitimacy from their own citizens. Title: Josip Broz Tito Passage: Under Tito's leadership, Yugoslavia became a founding member of the Non-Aligned Movement. In 1961, Tito co-founded the movement with Egypt's Gamal Abdel Nasser, India's Jawaharlal Nehru, Indonesia's Sukarno and Ghana's Kwame Nkrumah, in an action called The Initiative of Five (Tito, Nehru, Nasser, Sukarno, Nkrumah), thus establishing strong ties with third world countries. This move did much to improve Yugoslavia's diplomatic position. On 1 September 1961, Josip Broz Tito became the first Secretary-General of the Non-Aligned Movement. Title: Fall of the Western Roman Empire Passage: Relevant dates include 117 CE, when the Empire was at its greatest territorial extent, and the accession of Diocletian in 284. Irreversible major territorial loss, however, began in 376 with a large - scale irruption of Goths and others. In 395, after winning two destructive civil wars, Theodosius I died, leaving a collapsing field army and the Empire, still plagued by Goths, divided between his two incapable sons. By 476 when Odoacer deposed the Emperor Romulus, the Western Roman Emperor wielded negligible military, political, or financial power and had no effective control over the scattered Western domains that could still be described as Roman. Invading barbarians had established their own power in most of the area of the Western Empire. While its legitimacy lasted for centuries longer and its cultural influence remains today, the Western Empire never had the strength to rise again. Title: French colonization of the Americas Passage: The French colonization of the Americas began in the 16th century, and continued on into the following centuries as France established a colonial empire in the Western Hemisphere. France founded colonies in much of eastern North America, on a number of Caribbean islands, and in South America. Most colonies were developed to export products such as fish, rice sugar, and furs. Title: Pietro Badoglio Passage: Marshal Pietro Badoglio, 1st Duke of Addis Abeba, 1st Marquess of Sabotino (; 28 September 1871 – 1 November 1956), was an Italian general during both World Wars and the first viceroy of Italian East Africa. With the fall of the Fascist regime in Italy, he became Prime Minister of Italy. Title: Marcus Antonius Creticus Passage: Marcus Antonius Creticus (flourished 1st century BC) was a Roman politician, member of the Antonius family. Creticus was the son of Marcus Antonius and, by his marriage to Julia Antonia, he had three sons: Marcus Antonius (the Triumvir), Gaius Antonius and Lucius Antonius. Title: Kepoi Passage: Kepoi or Cepoi (Ancient Greek: Κῆποι, Russian: Кепы) was an ancient Greek colony situated on the Taman peninsula, three kilometres to the east of Phanagoria, in the present-day Krasnodar Krai of Russia. The colony was established by the Milesians in the 6th century BC. In the Hellenistic period, it was controlled by the kings of the Cimmerian Bosporus, who (according to Aeschines) made a present of a place called "the Gardens" to Gylon, the grandfather of Demosthenes. The town reached its peak in the 1st centuries AD, but the Huns and Goths put an end to its prosperity in the 4th century. Soviet excavations, started in 1957, yielded rich finds, including a marble statue of a Greek goddess ("Aphrodite of Taman"). More than 400 burials were explored at Kepoi in the 1960s and 1970s; the rest of the site has been submerged by the Sea of Azov. Title: History of New York (state) Passage: The history of New York begins around 10,000 BC, when the first native peoples arrived. By 1100 AD, New York's main native cultures, the Iroquoian and Algonquian, had developed. European discovery of New York was led by the French in 1524 and the first land claim came in 1609 by the Dutch. As part of New Netherland, the colony was important in the fur trade and eventually became an agricultural resource thanks to the patroon system. In 1626 the Dutch bought the island of Manhattan from Native Americans. In 1664, England renamed the colony New York, after the Duke of York (later James II & VII.) New York City gained prominence in the 18th century as a major trading port in the Thirteen Colonies. Title: Cleopatra's Daughter Passage: Cleopatra's Daughter () is a 1960 historical drama film set in Egypt during the reign of the pharaoh Khufu (r. 2589-2566 BC). The film stars Debra Paget and was directed by Fernando Cerchio. For some reason, the English version was translated very differently from the original Italian script, setting the film in the 1st century BC, rather than the early Bronze Age. Title: Armenia Passage: Armenia is a unitary, multi-party, democratic nation-state with an ancient cultural heritage. Urartu was established in 860 BC and by the 6th century BC it was replaced by the Satrapy of Armenia. In the 1st century BC the Kingdom of Armenia reached its height under Tigranes the Great. Armenia became the first state in the world to adopt Christianity as its official religion. In between the late 3rd century to early years of the 4th century, the state became the first Christian nation. The official date of state adoption of Christianity is 301 AD. The ancient Armenian kingdom was split between the Byzantine and Sasanian Empires around the early 5th century. Title: Iron Age Passage: The history of metallurgy in the Indian subcontinent began during the 2nd millennium BC. Archaeological sites in India, such as Malhar, Dadupur, Raja Nala Ka Tila and Lahuradewa in present - day Uttar Pradesh show iron implements in the period 1800 -- 1200 BC. Archaeological excavations in Hyderabad show an Iron Age burial site. Rakesh Tewari believes that around the beginning of the Indian Iron Age (13th century BC), iron smelting was widely practiced in India. Such use suggests that the date of the technology's inception may be around the 16th century BC.	[ "History of Egypt", "Josip Broz Tito", "Fall of the Western Roman Empire" ]
2hop__123436_792590	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The College of Veterinary Medicine (CVM) is one of the 11 degree-granting units of the University of the Philippines at Los Baños. It is the country's first veterinary school.", "title": "University of the Philippines Los Baños College of Veterinary Medicine" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Vasantrao Naik Government Institute of Arts and Social Sciences (VNGIASS), in Nagpur, India, established in 1885 as Morris College, is one of the oldest colleges in the country. It takes its name from the former Chief Minister of Maharashtra, the late Vasantrao Naik, who was an alumnus of the college. VNGIASS is currently affiliated to Rashtrasant Tukadoji Maharaj Nagpur University.", "title": "Vasantrao Naik Government Institute of Arts and Social Sciences" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Siri Sverdrup Lunden (23 March 1920, in Kongsberg, Norway – 24 August 2003, in Trondheim) was a Norwegian Professor of Slavic languages at the University of Oslo 1971–1987, married to Professor Terkel Nissen Rosenqvist.", "title": "Siri Sverdrup Lunden" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "She is the daughter of Rune Gerhardsen and Tove Strand, and granddaughter of Einar Gerhardsen. She is married to Eirik Øwre Thorshaug.", "title": "Mina Gerhardsen" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The daughter of Suzy Boyt and artist Lucian Freud, and great-granddaughter of Sigmund Freud. Susie Boyt was educated at Channing and at Camden School for Girls and read English at St Catherine's College, Oxford, graduating in 1992. Working variously at a PR agency, and a literary agency, she completed her first novel, \"The Normal Man\", which was published in 1995 by Weidenfeld & Nicolson. She returned to university to do a Masters in Anglo American Literary Relations at University College London studying the works of Henry James and the poet John Berryman.", "title": "Susie Boyt" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Norwegian Institute of Technology (Norwegian: \"Norges tekniske høgskole\", NTH) was a science institute in Trondheim, Norway. It was established in 1910, and existed as an independent technical university for 58 years, after which it was merged into the University of Trondheim as an independent college.", "title": "Norwegian Institute of Technology" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Einars Repše graduated from Latvia State University (now known as University of Latvia) in 1986 with a degree in physics (specialisation – radio electronics).", "title": "Einars Repše" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Higher education in the United States is an optional final stage of formal learning following secondary education. Higher education, also referred to as post-secondary education, third stage, third level, or tertiary education occurs most commonly at one of the 4,627 Title IV degree - granting institutions, either colleges or universities in the country. These may be public universities, private universities, liberal arts colleges, community colleges, or for - profit colleges.", "title": "Higher education in the United States" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In 1994, a precursor to the University, Istanbul School of International Studies, operated in partnership with Portsmouth University and the London School of Economics offering courses in Business Administration, International Relations, Economics, and LSE Economics programs. Istanbul Bilgi University opened in earnest in 1996. The university provides a liberal arts and business-economics oriented curriculum in Turkey. Istanbul Bilgi University joined Laureate International Universities in 2006 and is one of the largest private universities in the country.", "title": "Istanbul Bilgi University" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "He was born in Solund as the son of Edvard Sverdrup and his wife Agnes, née Vollan. His father was stationed in Solund as a vicar. Einar Sverdrup was the grandson of vicar and politician Harald Ulrik Sverdrup, a grandnephew of Johan Sverdrup, a nephew of politician Jakob Sverdrup and theologian Georg Sverdrup, a half-brother of oceanographer Harald Ulrik Sverdrup, Jr., and a brother of engineer and military officer Leif Sverdrup and women's rights activist Mimi Sverdrup Lunden. On the maternal side he was a grandson of Ole Vollan, and a first cousin of Harald and Nordahl Grieg.", "title": "Einar Sverdrup" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Einar Sverdrup studied to be a mining engineer in the United States and at the Norwegian Institute of Technology in Trondhjem. In 1923 in Trondhjem he married Dagny Lorck. The couple had three children, and settled in Bærum. Sverdrup eventually became the CEO of the Store Norske Spitsbergen Kulkompani, a Norwegian coal mining company based in Svalbard.", "title": "Einar Sverdrup" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Cheema was born at Sialkot and was initially educated at Sialkot, later on he moved to Government College, Lahore where he completed his Master's in History. He also did Master's in Political Science from Punjab University, Certificate in Peace Research and International Relations from Oslo University (Norway), Diploma in International Relations from Vienna University (Austria), M. Litt. in Strategic Studies from Aberdeen University (U.K.) and Ph.D. from Quaid-i-Azam University (Pakistan).", "title": "Pervaiz Iqbal Cheema" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Aneek Chatterjee graduated from Presidency College. He completed his MA from the same college and did M.Phil. at Calcutta University. He did Ph.D. at Jadavpur University on the topic \"India-U.S. Relations at the End of the Twentieth Century\".", "title": "Aneek Chatterjee" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Event Gold Silver Bronze Individual details Ole Einar Bjørndalen Norway 51: 03.3 Frank Luck Germany 51: 39.4 Viktor Maigourov Russia 51: 40.6 Sprint details Ole Einar Bjørndalen Norway 24: 51.3 Sven Fischer Germany 25: 20.2 Wolfgang Perner Austria 25: 44.4 Pursuit details Ole Einar Bjørndalen Norway 32: 34.6 Raphaël Poirée France 33: 17.6 Ricco Groß Germany 33: 30.6 Relay details Norway (NOR) Halvard Hanevold Frode Andresen Egil Gjelland Ole Einar Bjørndalen 1: 23: 42.3 Germany (GER) Ricco Groß Peter Sendel Sven Fischer Frank Luck 1: 24: 27.6 France (FRA) Gilles Marguet Vincent Defrasne Julien Robert Raphaël Poirée 1: 24: 36.6", "title": "Biathlon at the 2002 Winter Olympics" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Public institutions of higher education in Charleston include the College of Charleston (the nation's 13th-oldest university), The Citadel, The Military College of South Carolina, and the Medical University of South Carolina. The city is also home to private universities, including the Charleston School of Law . Charleston is also home to the Roper Hospital School of Practical Nursing, and the city has a downtown satellite campus for the region's technical school, Trident Technical College. Charleston is also the location for the only college in the country that offers bachelor's degrees in the building arts, The American College of the Building Arts. The Art Institute of Charleston, located downtown on North Market Street, opened in 2007.", "title": "Charleston, South Carolina" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Sverdrup Mountains () are a group of mountains about long, standing just west of the Gjelsvik Mountains in Queen Maud Land, East Antarctica. With its summit at , the massive Mount Krüger forms the highest point in the Sverdrup Mountains.", "title": "Sverdrup Mountains" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "North Carolina is also home to many well-known private colleges and universities, including Duke University, Wake Forest University, Pfeiffer University, Lees-McRae College, Davidson College, Barton College, North Carolina Wesleyan College, Elon University, Guilford College, Livingstone College, Salem College, Shaw University (the first historically black college or university in the South), Laurel University, Meredith College, Methodist University, Belmont Abbey College (the only Catholic college in the Carolinas), Campbell University, University of Mount Olive, Montreat College, High Point University, Lenoir-Rhyne University (the only Lutheran university in North Carolina) and Wingate University.", "title": "North Carolina" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Higher education in the United States is an optional final stage of formal learning following secondary education. Higher education, also referred to as post-secondary education, third stage, third level, or tertiary education occurs most commonly at one of the 4,627 Title IV degree - granting institutions, either colleges or universities in the country. These may be public universities, private universities, liberal arts colleges, community colleges, or for - profit colleges. Higher education in the United States is loosely regulated by a number of third - party organizations that vary in quality.", "title": "Higher education in the United States" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Jacksonville University (JU) is a private university in Jacksonville, Florida. The school was founded in 1934 as a two-year college and was known as Jacksonville Junior College until September 5, 1956, when it shifted focus to building four-year university degree programs and later graduated its first four-year degree candidates as Jacksonville University in June 1959. It is a member of the Independent Colleges and Universities of Florida and is accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools (SACS) and the Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business (AACSB). JU's student body currently represents more than 40 U.S. states and approximately 45 countries around the world. As a Division I university, it is home to 19 sports teams, known as the JU Dolphins, as well as intramural sports and clubs. Among the top majors declared by JU students are aviation management, biology, nursing, business and marine science.", "title": "Jacksonville University" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Centre Daily Times is a daily newspaper located in State College, Pennsylvania in the United States. It is the hometown newspaper for State College and the Pennsylvania State University, one of the best-known and largest universities in the country, with more than 45,000 students attending the main campus.", "title": "Centre Daily Times" } ]	In what country is the university where Einar Sverdrup studied?	Norway	[ "NO", "NOR", "Norge", "no" ]	Title: Centre Daily Times Passage: The Centre Daily Times is a daily newspaper located in State College, Pennsylvania in the United States. It is the hometown newspaper for State College and the Pennsylvania State University, one of the best-known and largest universities in the country, with more than 45,000 students attending the main campus. Title: Vasantrao Naik Government Institute of Arts and Social Sciences Passage: Vasantrao Naik Government Institute of Arts and Social Sciences (VNGIASS), in Nagpur, India, established in 1885 as Morris College, is one of the oldest colleges in the country. It takes its name from the former Chief Minister of Maharashtra, the late Vasantrao Naik, who was an alumnus of the college. VNGIASS is currently affiliated to Rashtrasant Tukadoji Maharaj Nagpur University. Title: Sverdrup Mountains Passage: The Sverdrup Mountains () are a group of mountains about long, standing just west of the Gjelsvik Mountains in Queen Maud Land, East Antarctica. With its summit at , the massive Mount Krüger forms the highest point in the Sverdrup Mountains. Title: Einar Sverdrup Passage: He was born in Solund as the son of Edvard Sverdrup and his wife Agnes, née Vollan. His father was stationed in Solund as a vicar. Einar Sverdrup was the grandson of vicar and politician Harald Ulrik Sverdrup, a grandnephew of Johan Sverdrup, a nephew of politician Jakob Sverdrup and theologian Georg Sverdrup, a half-brother of oceanographer Harald Ulrik Sverdrup, Jr., and a brother of engineer and military officer Leif Sverdrup and women's rights activist Mimi Sverdrup Lunden. On the maternal side he was a grandson of Ole Vollan, and a first cousin of Harald and Nordahl Grieg. Title: Einar Sverdrup Passage: Einar Sverdrup studied to be a mining engineer in the United States and at the Norwegian Institute of Technology in Trondhjem. In 1923 in Trondhjem he married Dagny Lorck. The couple had three children, and settled in Bærum. Sverdrup eventually became the CEO of the Store Norske Spitsbergen Kulkompani, a Norwegian coal mining company based in Svalbard. Title: Istanbul Bilgi University Passage: In 1994, a precursor to the University, Istanbul School of International Studies, operated in partnership with Portsmouth University and the London School of Economics offering courses in Business Administration, International Relations, Economics, and LSE Economics programs. Istanbul Bilgi University opened in earnest in 1996. The university provides a liberal arts and business-economics oriented curriculum in Turkey. Istanbul Bilgi University joined Laureate International Universities in 2006 and is one of the largest private universities in the country. Title: Jacksonville University Passage: Jacksonville University (JU) is a private university in Jacksonville, Florida. The school was founded in 1934 as a two-year college and was known as Jacksonville Junior College until September 5, 1956, when it shifted focus to building four-year university degree programs and later graduated its first four-year degree candidates as Jacksonville University in June 1959. It is a member of the Independent Colleges and Universities of Florida and is accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools (SACS) and the Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business (AACSB). JU's student body currently represents more than 40 U.S. states and approximately 45 countries around the world. As a Division I university, it is home to 19 sports teams, known as the JU Dolphins, as well as intramural sports and clubs. Among the top majors declared by JU students are aviation management, biology, nursing, business and marine science. Title: Charleston, South Carolina Passage: Public institutions of higher education in Charleston include the College of Charleston (the nation's 13th-oldest university), The Citadel, The Military College of South Carolina, and the Medical University of South Carolina. The city is also home to private universities, including the Charleston School of Law . Charleston is also home to the Roper Hospital School of Practical Nursing, and the city has a downtown satellite campus for the region's technical school, Trident Technical College. Charleston is also the location for the only college in the country that offers bachelor's degrees in the building arts, The American College of the Building Arts. The Art Institute of Charleston, located downtown on North Market Street, opened in 2007. Title: Susie Boyt Passage: The daughter of Suzy Boyt and artist Lucian Freud, and great-granddaughter of Sigmund Freud. Susie Boyt was educated at Channing and at Camden School for Girls and read English at St Catherine's College, Oxford, graduating in 1992. Working variously at a PR agency, and a literary agency, she completed her first novel, "The Normal Man", which was published in 1995 by Weidenfeld & Nicolson. She returned to university to do a Masters in Anglo American Literary Relations at University College London studying the works of Henry James and the poet John Berryman. Title: Aneek Chatterjee Passage: Aneek Chatterjee graduated from Presidency College. He completed his MA from the same college and did M.Phil. at Calcutta University. He did Ph.D. at Jadavpur University on the topic "India-U.S. Relations at the End of the Twentieth Century". Title: Higher education in the United States Passage: Higher education in the United States is an optional final stage of formal learning following secondary education. Higher education, also referred to as post-secondary education, third stage, third level, or tertiary education occurs most commonly at one of the 4,627 Title IV degree - granting institutions, either colleges or universities in the country. These may be public universities, private universities, liberal arts colleges, community colleges, or for - profit colleges. Title: Biathlon at the 2002 Winter Olympics Passage: Event Gold Silver Bronze Individual details Ole Einar Bjørndalen Norway 51: 03.3 Frank Luck Germany 51: 39.4 Viktor Maigourov Russia 51: 40.6 Sprint details Ole Einar Bjørndalen Norway 24: 51.3 Sven Fischer Germany 25: 20.2 Wolfgang Perner Austria 25: 44.4 Pursuit details Ole Einar Bjørndalen Norway 32: 34.6 Raphaël Poirée France 33: 17.6 Ricco Groß Germany 33: 30.6 Relay details Norway (NOR) Halvard Hanevold Frode Andresen Egil Gjelland Ole Einar Bjørndalen 1: 23: 42.3 Germany (GER) Ricco Groß Peter Sendel Sven Fischer Frank Luck 1: 24: 27.6 France (FRA) Gilles Marguet Vincent Defrasne Julien Robert Raphaël Poirée 1: 24: 36.6 Title: North Carolina Passage: North Carolina is also home to many well-known private colleges and universities, including Duke University, Wake Forest University, Pfeiffer University, Lees-McRae College, Davidson College, Barton College, North Carolina Wesleyan College, Elon University, Guilford College, Livingstone College, Salem College, Shaw University (the first historically black college or university in the South), Laurel University, Meredith College, Methodist University, Belmont Abbey College (the only Catholic college in the Carolinas), Campbell University, University of Mount Olive, Montreat College, High Point University, Lenoir-Rhyne University (the only Lutheran university in North Carolina) and Wingate University. Title: Norwegian Institute of Technology Passage: The Norwegian Institute of Technology (Norwegian: "Norges tekniske høgskole", NTH) was a science institute in Trondheim, Norway. It was established in 1910, and existed as an independent technical university for 58 years, after which it was merged into the University of Trondheim as an independent college. Title: Einars Repše Passage: Einars Repše graduated from Latvia State University (now known as University of Latvia) in 1986 with a degree in physics (specialisation – radio electronics). Title: Siri Sverdrup Lunden Passage: Siri Sverdrup Lunden (23 March 1920, in Kongsberg, Norway – 24 August 2003, in Trondheim) was a Norwegian Professor of Slavic languages at the University of Oslo 1971–1987, married to Professor Terkel Nissen Rosenqvist. Title: Mina Gerhardsen Passage: She is the daughter of Rune Gerhardsen and Tove Strand, and granddaughter of Einar Gerhardsen. She is married to Eirik Øwre Thorshaug. Title: University of the Philippines Los Baños College of Veterinary Medicine Passage: The College of Veterinary Medicine (CVM) is one of the 11 degree-granting units of the University of the Philippines at Los Baños. It is the country's first veterinary school. Title: Higher education in the United States Passage: Higher education in the United States is an optional final stage of formal learning following secondary education. Higher education, also referred to as post-secondary education, third stage, third level, or tertiary education occurs most commonly at one of the 4,627 Title IV degree - granting institutions, either colleges or universities in the country. These may be public universities, private universities, liberal arts colleges, community colleges, or for - profit colleges. Higher education in the United States is loosely regulated by a number of third - party organizations that vary in quality. Title: Pervaiz Iqbal Cheema Passage: Cheema was born at Sialkot and was initially educated at Sialkot, later on he moved to Government College, Lahore where he completed his Master's in History. He also did Master's in Political Science from Punjab University, Certificate in Peace Research and International Relations from Oslo University (Norway), Diploma in International Relations from Vienna University (Austria), M. Litt. in Strategic Studies from Aberdeen University (U.K.) and Ph.D. from Quaid-i-Azam University (Pakistan).	[ "Norwegian Institute of Technology", "Einar Sverdrup" ]
2hop__566746_777968	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Biysky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-nine in Altai Krai, Russia. It is located in the east of the krai and borders with Zonalny, Tselinny, Soltonsky, Krasnogorsky, Sovetsky, and Smolensky Districts, as well as with the territory of the City of Biysk. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Biysk (which is not administratively a part of the district). District's population:", "title": "Biysky District" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The capital city, Washington, District of Columbia, is a federal district located on land donated by the state of Maryland. (Virginia had also donated land, but it was returned in 1849.) The United States also has overseas territories with varying levels of independence and organization: in the Caribbean the territories of Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands, and in the Pacific the inhabited territories of Guam, American Samoa, and the Northern Mariana Islands, along with a number of uninhabited island territories.", "title": "Geography of the United States" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Kingston Powerhouse is a disused power plant in Canberra, the capital of Australia. It is located in the suburb of Kingston, Australian Capital Territory.", "title": "Kingston Powerhouse" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Changa is a town in the Islamabad Capital Territory of Pakistan. It is located at 33° 19' 20N 73° 22' 55E with an altitude of 495 metres (1627 feet).", "title": "Changa, Pakistan" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Sierra Suroeste is a comarca (county, with no administrative role) located in southwestern province of Badajoz in the autonomous community of Extremadura, western Spain. Its capital and largest city is Jerez de los Caballeros.", "title": "Sierra Suroeste" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Olsztyn Voivodeship () was an administrative division and unit of local government in Poland in the years 1945-75, and a new territorial division between 1975–1998, superseded by Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship. Its capital city was Olsztyn.", "title": "Olsztyn Voivodeship" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Gudgenby River, a perennial river that is part of the Murrumbidgee catchment within the Murray-Darling basin, is located in the Australian Capital Territory, Australia.", "title": "Gudgenby River" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Vilnius County () is the largest of the 10 counties of Lithuania, located in the east of the country around the city Vilnius. On 1 July 2010, the county administration was abolished, and since that date, Vilnius County remains as the territorial and statistical unit.", "title": "Vilnius County" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Orroral River, a perennial stream of the Murrumbidgee catchment within the Murray-Darling basin, is located in the Australian Capital Territory, Australia.", "title": "Orroral River" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Khabarovsky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the seventeen in Khabarovsk Krai, Russia. It consists of two unconnected segments separated by the territory of Amursky District, which are located in the southwest of the krai. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Khabarovsk (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population:", "title": "Khabarovsky District" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Mansehra (Rural) is a Union Council (an administrative subdivision) of Mansehra District in Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. It is located in the south of the district and to the southeast of the district capital, Mansehra.", "title": "Mansehra (Rural)" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Braddon (postcode: 2612) is an inner north suburb of Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia located adjacent to the Canberra CBD.", "title": "Braddon, Australian Capital Territory" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Getatagh (, also Romanized as Getat’agh, Getatakh, and Getatag) is a village and rural community (municipality) in the Syunik Province of Armenia. The town's church, Saint Astvatsatsin, dates from 1702. The National Statistical Service of the Republic of Armenia (ARMSTAT) reported its population as 220 in 2010, up from 194 at the 2001 census.", "title": "Getatagh" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok was an administrative county (comitatus) in the Kingdom of Hungary. Its territory, which is now in central Hungary, was slightly smaller than that of present Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok county. The capital of the county was Szolnok.", "title": "Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok County (former)" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Tatra County () is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Lesser Poland Voivodeship, southern Poland, on the Slovak border. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and only town is Zakopane, which lies south of the regional capital Kraków. The county takes its name from the Tatra mountain range, which covers most of its territory.", "title": "Tatra County" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Bogotá (/ ˈboʊɡətɑː /, / ˌbɒɡəˈtɑː /, / ˌboʊ - /; Spanish pronunciation: (boɣoˈta) (listen)), officially Bogotá, Distrito Capital, abbreviated Bogotá, D.C., and formerly known as Santafé de Bogotá between 1991 and 2000, is the capital and largest city of Colombia, administered as the Capital District, although often thought of as part of Cundinamarca. Bogotá is a territorial entity of the first order, with the same administrative status as the departments of Colombia. It is the political, economic, administrative, industrial, artistic, cultural, and sports center of the country.", "title": "Bogotá" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Kapan () is a town at the southeast of Armenia, serving as the administrative centre of the urban community of Kapan as well as the provincial capital of Syunik Province. It is located in the valley of the Voghji River, on the northern slopes of Mount Khustup. According to the 2011 census, the population of Kapan is 43,190, slightly declined from 45,711 in the 2001 census. Kapan is the most populous town in the Syunik Province and the entire region of southern Armenia. However, the current population of the town is around 34,600 as per the 2016 official estimate.", "title": "Kapan" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Federal Capital Territory (FCT) was formed from New South Wales in 1911 to provide a location for the proposed new federal capital of Canberra (Melbourne was the seat of government from 1901 to 1927). The FCT was renamed the Australian Capital Territory (ACT) in 1938. The Northern Territory was transferred from the control of the South Australian government to the Commonwealth in 1911.", "title": "History of Australia" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Torontál (, , , ) was an administrative county (comitatus) of the Kingdom of Hungary. Its territory is now in northern Serbia (eastern Vojvodina, except the small part near Belgrade, which is part of Belgrade Region), western Romania and southern Hungary. The capital of the county was Nagybecskerek (Serbian: , , ), the current Zrenjanin.", "title": "Torontál County" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In 1949, the Territory and the Territory of New Guinea were established in an administrative union by the name of the Territory of Papua and New Guinea. That administrative union was renamed as Papua New Guinea in 1971. Notwithstanding that it was part of an administrative union, the Territory of Papua at all times retained a distinct legal status and identity; it was a Possession of the Crown whereas the Territory of New Guinea was initially a League of Nations mandate territory and subsequently a United Nations trust territory. This important legal and political distinction remained until the advent of the Independent State of Papua New Guinea in 1975.", "title": "Territory of Papua" } ]	What is the capital of the province where Getatagh is located?	Kapan	[]	Title: History of Australia Passage: The Federal Capital Territory (FCT) was formed from New South Wales in 1911 to provide a location for the proposed new federal capital of Canberra (Melbourne was the seat of government from 1901 to 1927). The FCT was renamed the Australian Capital Territory (ACT) in 1938. The Northern Territory was transferred from the control of the South Australian government to the Commonwealth in 1911. Title: Geography of the United States Passage: The capital city, Washington, District of Columbia, is a federal district located on land donated by the state of Maryland. (Virginia had also donated land, but it was returned in 1849.) The United States also has overseas territories with varying levels of independence and organization: in the Caribbean the territories of Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands, and in the Pacific the inhabited territories of Guam, American Samoa, and the Northern Mariana Islands, along with a number of uninhabited island territories. Title: Vilnius County Passage: Vilnius County () is the largest of the 10 counties of Lithuania, located in the east of the country around the city Vilnius. On 1 July 2010, the county administration was abolished, and since that date, Vilnius County remains as the territorial and statistical unit. Title: Bogotá Passage: Bogotá (/ ˈboʊɡətɑː /, / ˌbɒɡəˈtɑː /, / ˌboʊ - /; Spanish pronunciation: (boɣoˈta) (listen)), officially Bogotá, Distrito Capital, abbreviated Bogotá, D.C., and formerly known as Santafé de Bogotá between 1991 and 2000, is the capital and largest city of Colombia, administered as the Capital District, although often thought of as part of Cundinamarca. Bogotá is a territorial entity of the first order, with the same administrative status as the departments of Colombia. It is the political, economic, administrative, industrial, artistic, cultural, and sports center of the country. Title: Orroral River Passage: Orroral River, a perennial stream of the Murrumbidgee catchment within the Murray-Darling basin, is located in the Australian Capital Territory, Australia. Title: Braddon, Australian Capital Territory Passage: Braddon (postcode: 2612) is an inner north suburb of Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia located adjacent to the Canberra CBD. Title: Kingston Powerhouse Passage: The Kingston Powerhouse is a disused power plant in Canberra, the capital of Australia. It is located in the suburb of Kingston, Australian Capital Territory. Title: Changa, Pakistan Passage: Changa is a town in the Islamabad Capital Territory of Pakistan. It is located at 33° 19' 20N 73° 22' 55E with an altitude of 495 metres (1627 feet). Title: Kapan Passage: Kapan () is a town at the southeast of Armenia, serving as the administrative centre of the urban community of Kapan as well as the provincial capital of Syunik Province. It is located in the valley of the Voghji River, on the northern slopes of Mount Khustup. According to the 2011 census, the population of Kapan is 43,190, slightly declined from 45,711 in the 2001 census. Kapan is the most populous town in the Syunik Province and the entire region of southern Armenia. However, the current population of the town is around 34,600 as per the 2016 official estimate. Title: Biysky District Passage: Biysky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-nine in Altai Krai, Russia. It is located in the east of the krai and borders with Zonalny, Tselinny, Soltonsky, Krasnogorsky, Sovetsky, and Smolensky Districts, as well as with the territory of the City of Biysk. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Biysk (which is not administratively a part of the district). District's population: Title: Gudgenby River Passage: The Gudgenby River, a perennial river that is part of the Murrumbidgee catchment within the Murray-Darling basin, is located in the Australian Capital Territory, Australia. Title: Tatra County Passage: Tatra County () is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Lesser Poland Voivodeship, southern Poland, on the Slovak border. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and only town is Zakopane, which lies south of the regional capital Kraków. The county takes its name from the Tatra mountain range, which covers most of its territory. Title: Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok County (former) Passage: Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok was an administrative county (comitatus) in the Kingdom of Hungary. Its territory, which is now in central Hungary, was slightly smaller than that of present Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok county. The capital of the county was Szolnok. Title: Getatagh Passage: Getatagh (, also Romanized as Getat’agh, Getatakh, and Getatag) is a village and rural community (municipality) in the Syunik Province of Armenia. The town's church, Saint Astvatsatsin, dates from 1702. The National Statistical Service of the Republic of Armenia (ARMSTAT) reported its population as 220 in 2010, up from 194 at the 2001 census. Title: Olsztyn Voivodeship Passage: Olsztyn Voivodeship () was an administrative division and unit of local government in Poland in the years 1945-75, and a new territorial division between 1975–1998, superseded by Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship. Its capital city was Olsztyn. Title: Territory of Papua Passage: In 1949, the Territory and the Territory of New Guinea were established in an administrative union by the name of the Territory of Papua and New Guinea. That administrative union was renamed as Papua New Guinea in 1971. Notwithstanding that it was part of an administrative union, the Territory of Papua at all times retained a distinct legal status and identity; it was a Possession of the Crown whereas the Territory of New Guinea was initially a League of Nations mandate territory and subsequently a United Nations trust territory. This important legal and political distinction remained until the advent of the Independent State of Papua New Guinea in 1975. Title: Torontál County Passage: Torontál (, , , ) was an administrative county (comitatus) of the Kingdom of Hungary. Its territory is now in northern Serbia (eastern Vojvodina, except the small part near Belgrade, which is part of Belgrade Region), western Romania and southern Hungary. The capital of the county was Nagybecskerek (Serbian: , , ), the current Zrenjanin. Title: Mansehra (Rural) Passage: Mansehra (Rural) is a Union Council (an administrative subdivision) of Mansehra District in Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. It is located in the south of the district and to the southeast of the district capital, Mansehra. Title: Sierra Suroeste Passage: Sierra Suroeste is a comarca (county, with no administrative role) located in southwestern province of Badajoz in the autonomous community of Extremadura, western Spain. Its capital and largest city is Jerez de los Caballeros. Title: Khabarovsky District Passage: Khabarovsky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the seventeen in Khabarovsk Krai, Russia. It consists of two unconnected segments separated by the territory of Amursky District, which are located in the southwest of the krai. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Khabarovsk (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population:	[ "Getatagh", "Kapan" ]
2hop__770572_88957	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "På spåret (\"On the Track\") is a popular Swedish TV game show broadcast on SVT since 5 September 1987. The show, which is intended to be humorous yet educational, has remained one of the most popular TV shows in Sweden, attracting an average of 2,150,000 viewers during the 2007 season. The all-time record was set in March 1990, when 3.7 million people tuned in to see the show. This means that nearly half of all Swedes saw the game show.", "title": "På spåret" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The second season of the show was originally announced to debut in January 2007, with a timeslot of Sunday nights at 8 p.m.; however, the network substituted another reality talent show, Grease: You're The One That I Want. This season's winner was a ventriloquist and impressionist Terry Fator.", "title": "America's Got Talent (season 2)" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles Series logotype Also known as Tales of the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles (season five title) Genre Action Comedy Drama Based on Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles by Kevin Eastman Peter Laird Developed by Ciro Nieli Joshua Sternin J.R. Ventimilia Voices of Jason Biggs (Seasons 1 -- 2) Seth Green (Seasons 3 -- 5) Rob Paulsen Sean Astin Greg Cipes Hoon Lee Mae Whitman Kevin Michael Richardson Josh Peck Kelly Hu Nolan North Clancy Brown Christian Lanz Phil LaMarr Eric Bauza Fred Tatasciore J.B. Smoove Opening theme ``Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles ''Ending theme`` Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles'' (instrumental) Composer (s) Sebastian Evans II Stanley Martinez Country of origin United States Original language (s) English No. of seasons 5 No. of episodes 124 (list of episodes) Production Executive producer (s) Joshua Sternin J.R. Ventimilia Ciro Nieli Peter Hastings Brandon Auman Rick Magallanes (for Nickelodeon; season 1) Megan Casey (for Nickelodeon; seasons 2 -- 5) Producer (s) MacGregor Middleton Christopher Waters (supervising) Ant Ward (supervising) Patrick Krebs (supervising) Vladimir Radev (asscociate) Running time 22 minutes Production company (s) Lowbar Productions Mirage Studios Nickelodeon Animation Studio Release Original network Nickelodeon Picture format 480i NTSC 1080i HDTV Original release September 29, 2012 (2012 - 09 - 29) -- November 12, 2017 (2017 - 11 - 12) Chronology Preceded by Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles (2003 TV series) Followed by Rise of the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles External links Website", "title": "Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles (2012 TV series)" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Whose Line Is It Anyway? Logo since season nine Genre Comedy Created by Dan Patterson Mark Leveson Presented by Drew Carey Aisha Tyler Starring Ryan Stiles Colin Mochrie Wayne Brady Country of origin United States Original language (s) English No. of seasons 14 No. of episodes 324 (list of episodes) Production Running time 22 minutes Production company (s) Hat Trick Productions Warner Bros. Television Angst Productions Warner Horizon Television Distributor Warner Bros. Television Release Original network ABC (1998 -- 2004) ABC Family (2005 -- 2007) The CW (2013 --) Picture format 4: 3 (ABC) HDTV 1080i (The CW) Original release August 5, 1998 -- December 15, 2007 Revival: July 16, 2013 -- present Chronology Related shows Whose Line Is It Anyway? (UK TV series) External links Website", "title": "Whose Line Is It Anyway? (American TV series)" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Rachel Joy Shenton is an English actress who has appeared in a number of British television series and films. Shenton made her American TV debut on ABC Family drama Switched at Birth in Season 3 as Lily Summers and stayed until the shows finale in Season 5. Rachel is currently filming BBC2 Comedy White Gold", "title": "Rachel Shenton" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In early 2009, Harris was a contestant on the thirteenth season of the American TV show The Bachelor, where she competed against 24 other women to win the heart of Jason Mesnick and finished as second - runner - up. In mid 2009, she was selected to be the star of the fifth season of The Bachelorette, making history as the franchise's first Canadian star. She chose Ed Swiderski as the winner of her season, and the two became engaged but later broke up.", "title": "Jillian Harris" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The second season of The Voice, the Indian reality talent show, premiered on 10 December 2016 and concluded on 12 March 2017, with Farhan Sabir being crowned as the winner. The reality series is produced by Urban Brew Studios for &TV.", "title": "The Voice (Indian season 2)" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Dancing with the Stars (season 1) Country of origin United States No. of episodes 8 Release Original network ABC Original release June 1 -- July 6, 2005 Additional information Celebrity winner Kelly Monaco Professional winner Alec Mazo Season chronology Next → Season 2", "title": "Dancing with the Stars (American season 1)" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Raja Chaudhary played a villain in the Bhojpuri film \"Saiyyan Hamar Hindustani\" opposite Shweta Tiwari. His claim to fame has been reality show \"Bigg Boss 2\" (Indian Adaptation of Famous show \"Big Brother\") where he was a runner up. He was nominated many times but was always saved because of great fan following. After Big Boss he also participated in another reality show \"Zor Ka Jhatka Total Wipe Out\".", "title": "Raja Chaudhary" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Man v. Food Genre Food Reality Presented by Adam Richman (seasons 1 - 4) Casey Webb (seasons 5 - present) Country of origin United States Original language (s) English No. of seasons 6 No. of episodes 110 (list of episodes) Production Executive producer (s) Matt Sharp Will Edward Powell Dan Adler (season 5) Bonnie Biggs (season 5) Alan Madison (season 5) Producer (s) Dan Adler (series) Alison Mouledoux (series) Colin Gilroy (story) Bonnie Biggs (story) Dave ``Paco ''Abraham (story) Claudia Castillo (story) Aaron Schoonhoven (story) Joshua C. Diaz (story) Jillian Horgan (field) Josh Abraham (coordinating producer) Emily Graham (ap) Andria Ortega (production coordinator) Dan Kornfeld (field) Chris Stearns (ap) Alvin Chan (pa) Cinematography Peter Fackler Scott Sans Dan Akiba (season 5) Editor (s) Scott Besselle Bobby Munster Josh Baron Caton Clark Liam Lawyer Keith Krimbel Max Heller Caton Clark (season 5) Benedict Kasulis (season 5) Camera setup Multi-camera Running time 21 minutes Production company (s) Sharp Entertainment Release Original network Travel Channel Original release December 3, 2008 (2008 - 12 - 03) -- present External links Website", "title": "Man v. Food" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Aavarana is a 2007 Kannada novel by novelist S.L. Bhyrappa. Aavarana ( \"\" meaning 'to conceal') means enveloping or covering something. This novel deals with the historical character like Mogul Emperor Aurangazeb. \"Aavarana\" was sold out even before its release in February 2007. The novel went on to create a record in the Indian literary world by witnessing 10 reprints within five months of its release.", "title": "Aavarana" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "RuPaul's Drag Race Season 5 Broadcast from January 28 (2013 - 01 - 28) -- May 6, 2013 (2013 - 05 - 06) Judges RuPaul Michelle Visage Santino Rice Host (s) RuPaul Broadcaster Logo Competitors 14 Winner Jinkx Monsoon Origin Seattle, WA Runner - up Alaska Roxxxy Andrews Chronology ◀ Season 5 ▶", "title": "RuPaul's Drag Race (season 5)" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Connie Inge - Lise Nielsen (born 3 July 1965) is a Danish actress whose first major role in an English - language film was a supporting role in The Devil's Advocate (1997). Her films include, Gladiator (2000), Mission to Mars (2000), One Hour Photo (2002), Basic (2003), The Hunted (2003), The Ice Harvest (2005), and Nymphomaniac (2014). She starred as Meredith Kane on the Starz TV series Boss (2011 -- 2012) and was a lead character in the second season of The Following. She has joined the DC Extended Universe, appearing as Hippolyta in Wonder Woman (2017) and in Justice League (2017).", "title": "Connie Nielsen" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "So You Think You Can Dance (U.S. TV series) Season 15 Broadcast from June 4 -- September 10, 2018 Judges Nigel Lythgoe Mary Murphy Vanessa Hudgens Stephen ``tWitch ''Boss Host (s) Cat Deeley Broadcaster Fox Broadcasting Company Venue United States Website www.fox.com/dance Winner Hannahlei Cabanilla Runner - up Jensen Arnold Chronology ◀ 2018", "title": "So You Think You Can Dance (American season 15)" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "India's Best Cinestar Ki Khoj is an Indian television series that premiered on Zee TV in 2004. It is a talent show for aspiring actors, and the first prize is the lead role in a film. Two winners, one male and one female, are crowned at the finale. The show returned for its second season in 2006 and third season in 2014.", "title": "India's Best Cinestars Ki Khoj" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Bigg Boss Kannada 2 (BBK2), ಬಿಗ್ ಬಾಸ್ ಕನ್ನಡ - ೨ is the second season of the Kannada reality television series Bigg Boss Kannada. Asianet Suvarna channel acquired the broadcast rights from Endemol India. The show premiered on 29 June 2014 with Sudeep as the host. Among 4 finalists Akul Balaji emerged as the title winner with maximum votes and performance in house followed by Srujan Lokesh as runner - up, Deepika Kamaiah and Shwetha Chengappa as third and fourth respectively", "title": "Bigg Boss Kannada (season 2)" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Molly Flynn - Biggs First appearance ``Pilot ''1x01, September 20, 2010 Last appearance`` I See Love'' 6x13, May 16, 2016 Portrayed by Melissa McCarthy Information Gender Female Occupation 4th Grade Schoolteacher (Prior to Season 1 - Season 4), Writer (Season 4 - Present) Family Joyce Flynn - Moranto (mother) Mr Flynn (father; deceased) Victoria Flynn (Younger Sister) Vince Moranto (step - father) Spouse (s) Mike Biggs Children William Michael Biggs (Adopted Son) Unborn Child (expecting with Mike) Relatives Peggy Biggs (mother - in - law) Jack Biggs (father - in - law) Religion Roman Catholic Nationality American", "title": "List of Mike & Molly characters" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Bigg Boss Kannada 5 (BBK5) was the fifth season of the Kannada television series Bigg Boss Kannada, that premiered on 15 October 2017. Sudeep reprised his role as the host of the show. The finale of the season took place 28 January 2018, and rapper Chandan Shetty was declared the winner of the show and the prize money of ₹50 lakh. Sales representative Diwaker was voted the runner - up.", "title": "Bigg Boss Kannada (season 5)" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Bigg Boss Marathi Presented by Mahesh Manjrekar Country of origin India Original language (s) Marathi No. of seasons No. of episodes 98 Production Location (s) Lonavala Running time 60 - 90 minutes (approx.) Production company (s) Endemol India Release Original release 15 April 2018 (2018 - 04 - 15) -- present", "title": "Bigg Boss Marathi" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Woodwright's Shop is a traditional woodworking show hosted by master carpenter Roy Underhill on PBS in the United States. It is one of the longest running \"how to\" shows on PBS, with thirty-five 13-episode seasons filmed. Since its debut in 1979, the show has aired over 400 episodes. The first two seasons were broadcast only on public TV in North Carolina; the season numbering was restarted when the show went national in 1981. It is still filmed at the UNC-TV (University of North Carolina Center for Public Television) studios in Research Triangle Park, North Carolina.", "title": "The Woodwright's Shop" } ]	Who won season 5 of Bigg Boss presented in the language of the novel Aavarana?	Chandan Shetty	[]	Title: Dancing with the Stars (American season 1) Passage: Dancing with the Stars (season 1) Country of origin United States No. of episodes 8 Release Original network ABC Original release June 1 -- July 6, 2005 Additional information Celebrity winner Kelly Monaco Professional winner Alec Mazo Season chronology Next → Season 2 Title: Man v. Food Passage: Man v. Food Genre Food Reality Presented by Adam Richman (seasons 1 - 4) Casey Webb (seasons 5 - present) Country of origin United States Original language (s) English No. of seasons 6 No. of episodes 110 (list of episodes) Production Executive producer (s) Matt Sharp Will Edward Powell Dan Adler (season 5) Bonnie Biggs (season 5) Alan Madison (season 5) Producer (s) Dan Adler (series) Alison Mouledoux (series) Colin Gilroy (story) Bonnie Biggs (story) Dave ``Paco ''Abraham (story) Claudia Castillo (story) Aaron Schoonhoven (story) Joshua C. Diaz (story) Jillian Horgan (field) Josh Abraham (coordinating producer) Emily Graham (ap) Andria Ortega (production coordinator) Dan Kornfeld (field) Chris Stearns (ap) Alvin Chan (pa) Cinematography Peter Fackler Scott Sans Dan Akiba (season 5) Editor (s) Scott Besselle Bobby Munster Josh Baron Caton Clark Liam Lawyer Keith Krimbel Max Heller Caton Clark (season 5) Benedict Kasulis (season 5) Camera setup Multi-camera Running time 21 minutes Production company (s) Sharp Entertainment Release Original network Travel Channel Original release December 3, 2008 (2008 - 12 - 03) -- present External links Website Title: America's Got Talent (season 2) Passage: The second season of the show was originally announced to debut in January 2007, with a timeslot of Sunday nights at 8 p.m.; however, the network substituted another reality talent show, Grease: You're The One That I Want. This season's winner was a ventriloquist and impressionist Terry Fator. Title: The Voice (Indian season 2) Passage: The second season of The Voice, the Indian reality talent show, premiered on 10 December 2016 and concluded on 12 March 2017, with Farhan Sabir being crowned as the winner. The reality series is produced by Urban Brew Studios for &TV. Title: Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles (2012 TV series) Passage: Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles Series logotype Also known as Tales of the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles (season five title) Genre Action Comedy Drama Based on Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles by Kevin Eastman Peter Laird Developed by Ciro Nieli Joshua Sternin J.R. Ventimilia Voices of Jason Biggs (Seasons 1 -- 2) Seth Green (Seasons 3 -- 5) Rob Paulsen Sean Astin Greg Cipes Hoon Lee Mae Whitman Kevin Michael Richardson Josh Peck Kelly Hu Nolan North Clancy Brown Christian Lanz Phil LaMarr Eric Bauza Fred Tatasciore J.B. Smoove Opening theme ``Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles ''Ending theme`` Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles'' (instrumental) Composer (s) Sebastian Evans II Stanley Martinez Country of origin United States Original language (s) English No. of seasons 5 No. of episodes 124 (list of episodes) Production Executive producer (s) Joshua Sternin J.R. Ventimilia Ciro Nieli Peter Hastings Brandon Auman Rick Magallanes (for Nickelodeon; season 1) Megan Casey (for Nickelodeon; seasons 2 -- 5) Producer (s) MacGregor Middleton Christopher Waters (supervising) Ant Ward (supervising) Patrick Krebs (supervising) Vladimir Radev (asscociate) Running time 22 minutes Production company (s) Lowbar Productions Mirage Studios Nickelodeon Animation Studio Release Original network Nickelodeon Picture format 480i NTSC 1080i HDTV Original release September 29, 2012 (2012 - 09 - 29) -- November 12, 2017 (2017 - 11 - 12) Chronology Preceded by Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles (2003 TV series) Followed by Rise of the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles External links Website Title: The Woodwright's Shop Passage: The Woodwright's Shop is a traditional woodworking show hosted by master carpenter Roy Underhill on PBS in the United States. It is one of the longest running "how to" shows on PBS, with thirty-five 13-episode seasons filmed. Since its debut in 1979, the show has aired over 400 episodes. The first two seasons were broadcast only on public TV in North Carolina; the season numbering was restarted when the show went national in 1981. It is still filmed at the UNC-TV (University of North Carolina Center for Public Television) studios in Research Triangle Park, North Carolina. Title: Connie Nielsen Passage: Connie Inge - Lise Nielsen (born 3 July 1965) is a Danish actress whose first major role in an English - language film was a supporting role in The Devil's Advocate (1997). Her films include, Gladiator (2000), Mission to Mars (2000), One Hour Photo (2002), Basic (2003), The Hunted (2003), The Ice Harvest (2005), and Nymphomaniac (2014). She starred as Meredith Kane on the Starz TV series Boss (2011 -- 2012) and was a lead character in the second season of The Following. She has joined the DC Extended Universe, appearing as Hippolyta in Wonder Woman (2017) and in Justice League (2017). Title: Rachel Shenton Passage: Rachel Joy Shenton is an English actress who has appeared in a number of British television series and films. Shenton made her American TV debut on ABC Family drama Switched at Birth in Season 3 as Lily Summers and stayed until the shows finale in Season 5. Rachel is currently filming BBC2 Comedy White Gold Title: RuPaul's Drag Race (season 5) Passage: RuPaul's Drag Race Season 5 Broadcast from January 28 (2013 - 01 - 28) -- May 6, 2013 (2013 - 05 - 06) Judges RuPaul Michelle Visage Santino Rice Host (s) RuPaul Broadcaster Logo Competitors 14 Winner Jinkx Monsoon Origin Seattle, WA Runner - up Alaska Roxxxy Andrews Chronology ◀ Season 5 ▶ Title: Aavarana Passage: Aavarana is a 2007 Kannada novel by novelist S.L. Bhyrappa. Aavarana ( "" meaning 'to conceal') means enveloping or covering something. This novel deals with the historical character like Mogul Emperor Aurangazeb. "Aavarana" was sold out even before its release in February 2007. The novel went on to create a record in the Indian literary world by witnessing 10 reprints within five months of its release. Title: Bigg Boss Kannada (season 2) Passage: Bigg Boss Kannada 2 (BBK2), ಬಿಗ್ ಬಾಸ್ ಕನ್ನಡ - ೨ is the second season of the Kannada reality television series Bigg Boss Kannada. Asianet Suvarna channel acquired the broadcast rights from Endemol India. The show premiered on 29 June 2014 with Sudeep as the host. Among 4 finalists Akul Balaji emerged as the title winner with maximum votes and performance in house followed by Srujan Lokesh as runner - up, Deepika Kamaiah and Shwetha Chengappa as third and fourth respectively Title: Bigg Boss Marathi Passage: Bigg Boss Marathi Presented by Mahesh Manjrekar Country of origin India Original language (s) Marathi No. of seasons No. of episodes 98 Production Location (s) Lonavala Running time 60 - 90 minutes (approx.) Production company (s) Endemol India Release Original release 15 April 2018 (2018 - 04 - 15) -- present Title: India's Best Cinestars Ki Khoj Passage: India's Best Cinestar Ki Khoj is an Indian television series that premiered on Zee TV in 2004. It is a talent show for aspiring actors, and the first prize is the lead role in a film. Two winners, one male and one female, are crowned at the finale. The show returned for its second season in 2006 and third season in 2014. Title: So You Think You Can Dance (American season 15) Passage: So You Think You Can Dance (U.S. TV series) Season 15 Broadcast from June 4 -- September 10, 2018 Judges Nigel Lythgoe Mary Murphy Vanessa Hudgens Stephen ``tWitch ''Boss Host (s) Cat Deeley Broadcaster Fox Broadcasting Company Venue United States Website www.fox.com/dance Winner Hannahlei Cabanilla Runner - up Jensen Arnold Chronology ◀ 2018 Title: På spåret Passage: På spåret ("On the Track") is a popular Swedish TV game show broadcast on SVT since 5 September 1987. The show, which is intended to be humorous yet educational, has remained one of the most popular TV shows in Sweden, attracting an average of 2,150,000 viewers during the 2007 season. The all-time record was set in March 1990, when 3.7 million people tuned in to see the show. This means that nearly half of all Swedes saw the game show. Title: Whose Line Is It Anyway? (American TV series) Passage: Whose Line Is It Anyway? Logo since season nine Genre Comedy Created by Dan Patterson Mark Leveson Presented by Drew Carey Aisha Tyler Starring Ryan Stiles Colin Mochrie Wayne Brady Country of origin United States Original language (s) English No. of seasons 14 No. of episodes 324 (list of episodes) Production Running time 22 minutes Production company (s) Hat Trick Productions Warner Bros. Television Angst Productions Warner Horizon Television Distributor Warner Bros. Television Release Original network ABC (1998 -- 2004) ABC Family (2005 -- 2007) The CW (2013 --) Picture format 4: 3 (ABC) HDTV 1080i (The CW) Original release August 5, 1998 -- December 15, 2007 Revival: July 16, 2013 -- present Chronology Related shows Whose Line Is It Anyway? (UK TV series) External links Website Title: Raja Chaudhary Passage: Raja Chaudhary played a villain in the Bhojpuri film "Saiyyan Hamar Hindustani" opposite Shweta Tiwari. His claim to fame has been reality show "Bigg Boss 2" (Indian Adaptation of Famous show "Big Brother") where he was a runner up. He was nominated many times but was always saved because of great fan following. After Big Boss he also participated in another reality show "Zor Ka Jhatka Total Wipe Out". Title: Jillian Harris Passage: In early 2009, Harris was a contestant on the thirteenth season of the American TV show The Bachelor, where she competed against 24 other women to win the heart of Jason Mesnick and finished as second - runner - up. In mid 2009, she was selected to be the star of the fifth season of The Bachelorette, making history as the franchise's first Canadian star. She chose Ed Swiderski as the winner of her season, and the two became engaged but later broke up. Title: Bigg Boss Kannada (season 5) Passage: Bigg Boss Kannada 5 (BBK5) was the fifth season of the Kannada television series Bigg Boss Kannada, that premiered on 15 October 2017. Sudeep reprised his role as the host of the show. The finale of the season took place 28 January 2018, and rapper Chandan Shetty was declared the winner of the show and the prize money of ₹50 lakh. Sales representative Diwaker was voted the runner - up. Title: List of Mike & Molly characters Passage: Molly Flynn - Biggs First appearance ``Pilot ''1x01, September 20, 2010 Last appearance`` I See Love'' 6x13, May 16, 2016 Portrayed by Melissa McCarthy Information Gender Female Occupation 4th Grade Schoolteacher (Prior to Season 1 - Season 4), Writer (Season 4 - Present) Family Joyce Flynn - Moranto (mother) Mr Flynn (father; deceased) Victoria Flynn (Younger Sister) Vince Moranto (step - father) Spouse (s) Mike Biggs Children William Michael Biggs (Adopted Son) Unborn Child (expecting with Mike) Relatives Peggy Biggs (mother - in - law) Jack Biggs (father - in - law) Religion Roman Catholic Nationality American	[ "Aavarana", "Bigg Boss Kannada (season 5)" ]
3hop1__352446_506157_20366	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "God Help Me is a 2006 American Christian direct-to-video romantic comedy film written and produced by Dan Olds. It was directed by Reece Tedford, and stars Tom Miner, George Moss, Jim Anderson, Candace Orrino and Shelley Findley. The film was produced by Dust Storm Productions, and distributed on July 13, 2006 by CustomFlix.", "title": "God Help Me (film)" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Donat Mg is a natural mineral water from the springs of Rogaška Slatina in Slovenia. It has a high content of magnesium. It helps with constipation problems, heartburn and magnesium deficiency problems.", "title": "Donat Mg" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "It was first described in 1960 by Stuart Olof Agrell in the Laytonville quarry, Mendocino County, California. Zussmanite is named in honor of Jack Zussman (born 1924), Head of the University of Manchester’s Department of Geology and co-author of \"Rock-Forming Minerals\".", "title": "Zussmanite" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Some reordering of the Thuringian states occurred during the German Mediatisation from 1795 to 1814, and the territory was included within the Napoleonic Confederation of the Rhine organized in 1806. The 1815 Congress of Vienna confirmed these changes and the Thuringian states' inclusion in the German Confederation; the Kingdom of Prussia also acquired some Thuringian territory and administered it within the Province of Saxony. The Thuringian duchies which became part of the German Empire in 1871 during the Prussian-led unification of Germany were Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach, Saxe-Meiningen, Saxe-Altenburg, Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, Schwarzburg-Sondershausen, Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt and the two principalities of Reuss Elder Line and Reuss Younger Line. In 1920, after World War I, these small states merged into one state, called Thuringia; only Saxe-Coburg voted to join Bavaria instead. Weimar became the new capital of Thuringia. The coat of arms of this new state was simpler than they had been previously.", "title": "Thuringia" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Telman Mardanovich Ismailov (, ; born 26 October 1956) is an Azerbaijani-born businessman and entrepreneur of Mountain Jew origin. Since Azerbaijan does not allow dual citizenship, he holds Russian-Turkish citizenship. He is the chairman of the Russian AST Group of companies, which is active in many countries. Until 2009, Ismailov owned the Europe's then-largest marketplace, Cherkizovsky Market, located in Moscow, Russia.", "title": "Telman Ismailov" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Christian Frederick Matthaei (4 March 1744 in Mücheln – 26 September 1811), a Thuringian, palaeographer, classical philologist, professor first at Wittenberg and then at Moscow.", "title": "Christian Frederick Matthaei" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Mining was important in Thuringia since the later Middle Ages, especially within the mining towns of the Thuringian Forest such as Schmalkalden, Suhl and Ilmenau. Following the industrial revolution, the old iron, copper and silver mines declined because the competition from imported metal was too strong. On the other hand, the late 19th century brought new types of mines to Thuringia: the lignite surface mining around Meuselwitz near Altenburg in the east of the Land started in the 1870s, and two potash mining districts were established around 1900. These are the Südharzrevier in the north of the state, between Bischofferode in the west and Roßleben in the east with Sondershausen at its centre, and the Werrarevier on the Hessian border around Vacha and Bad Salzungen in the west. Together, they accounted for a significant part of the world's potash production in the mid-20th century. After the reunification, the Südharzrevier was abandoned, whereas K+S took over the mines in the Werrarevier. Between 1950 and 1990, uranium mining was also important to cover the Soviet Union's need for this metal. The centre was Ronneburg near Gera in eastern Thuringia and the operating company Wismut was under direct Soviet control.", "title": "Thuringia" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Leutenberg is a town in the district of Saalfeld-Rudolstadt, in Thuringia, Germany. It is situated in the Thuringian Forest, 18 km southeast of Saalfeld.", "title": "Leutenberg" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Ellenbogen is an 814-metre high extinct volcano in the Thuringian Rhön in the district of Landkreis Schmalkalden-Meiningen, Thuringia, Germany.", "title": "Ellenbogen (Rhön)" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Although vessels to bottle and transport water were part of the earliest human civilizations, bottling water began in the United Kingdom with the first water bottling at the Holy Well in 1621. The demand for bottled water was fueled in large part by the resurgence in spa - going and water therapy among Europeans and American colonists in the 17th and 18th centuries. The first commercially distributed water in America was bottled and sold by Jackson's Spa in Boston in 1767. Early drinkers of bottled spa waters believed that the water at these mineral springs had therapeutic properties and that bathing in or drinking the water could help treat many common ailments.", "title": "Bottled water" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Physics and Chemistry of Minerals is a peer-reviewed scientific journal published monthly by Springer Science+Business Media. The journal publishes articles and short communications on minerals or solids related to minerals and covers applications of modern techniques or new theories and models to interpret atomic structures and physical of chemical properties of minerals. Topics includes: general solid state spectroscopy, experimental and theoretical analysis of chemical bonding in minerals, physical properties, fundamental properties of atomic structure, mineral surfaces.", "title": "Physics and Chemistry of Minerals" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "John Homer Caldwell (born November 28, 1928) is a retired American nordic skier who competed in the 1952 Winter Olympics, then became a cross-country ski coach and authority on cross-country skiing. He wrote a series of books that helped popularize and develop understanding of recreational cross-country skiing in the United States. Consequently, Caldwell has been called the \"father\" and \"guru\" of Nordic skiing in North America.", "title": "John H. Caldwell" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Reminiscences: With the Century () is the autobiography of Kim Il-sung, founder and president of North Korea. The memoirs, written in 1992 and published in eight volumes, retell Kim's life story through his childhood to the time of Korean resistance. Initially, a total of 30 volumes were planned but Kim Il-sung died in 1994 after just six volumes; the seventh and eight volumes were published posthumously. The work reveals early influences of religious and literary ideas on Kim's thinking. An important part of North Korean literature, \"With the Century\" is held as a valuable if somewhat unreliable insight into the nation's modern history under late colonial Korea. The book is considered one of a few North Korean primary sources widely available in the West and as notable research material for North Korean studies.", "title": "With the Century" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Albano Carrisi (Italian: [alˈbaːno karˈriːzi]; born 20 May 1943), better known as Al Bano, is an Italian recording artist, actor, and winemaker. In 2016, he was awarded Albanian citizenship due to his close ties with the country.", "title": "Albano Carrisi" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Rohingya people have consistently faced human rights abuses by the Burmese regime that has refused to acknowledge them as Burmese citizens (despite some of them having lived in Burma for over three generations)—the Rohingya have been denied Burmese citizenship since the enactment of a 1982 citizenship law. The law created three categories of citizenship: citizenship, associate citizenship, and naturalised citizenship. Citizenship is given to those who belong to one of the national races such as Kachin, Kayah (Karenni), Karen, Chin, Burman, Mon, Rakhine, Shan, Kaman, or Zerbadee. Associate citizenship is given to those who cannot prove their ancestors settled in Myanmar before 1823, but can prove they have one grandparent, or pre-1823 ancestor, who was a citizen of another country, as well as people who applied for citizenship in 1948 and qualified then by those laws. Naturalized citizenship is only given to those who have at least one parent with one of these types of Burmese citizenship or can provide \"conclusive evidence\" that their parents entered and resided in Burma prior to independence in 1948. The Burmese regime has attempted to forcibly expel Rohingya and bring in non-Rohingyas to replace them—this policy has resulted in the expulsion of approximately half of the 800,000 Rohingya from Burma, while the Rohingya people have been described as \"among the world's least wanted\" and \"one of the world's most persecuted minorities.\" But the origin of ‘most persecuted minority’ statement is unclear.", "title": "Myanmar" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "He was an author of numerous memoirs on the geology of Russia, especially on coal and other mineral deposits of the country; and he wrote also some explanations to accompany separate sheets of the geological map of Russia.", "title": "Gregor von Helmersen" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Portugal is a significant European minerals producer and is ranked among Europe's leading copper producers. The nation is also a notable producer of tin, tungsten and uranium. However, the country lacks the potential to conduct hydrocarbon exploration and aluminium, a limitation that has hindered the development of Portugal's mining and metallurgy sectors. Although the country has vast iron and coal reserves—mainly in the north—after the 1974 revolution and the consequent economic globalization, low competitiveness forced a decrease in the extraction activity for these minerals. The Panasqueira and Neves-Corvo mines are among the most recognised Portuguese mines that are still in operation.[citation needed]", "title": "Portugal" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Western Federation of Miners (WFM) was a radical labor union that gained a reputation for militancy in the mines of the western United States and British Columbia. Its efforts to organize both hard rock miners and smelter workers brought it into sharp conflicts – and often pitched battles – with both employers and governmental authorities. One of the most dramatic of these struggles occurred in the Cripple Creek district in 1903–04, and has been called the Colorado Labor Wars. The WFM also played a key role in the founding of the Industrial Workers of the World in 1905, but left that organization several years later.", "title": "Western Federation of Miners" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "At the end of World War II, Soviet Union occupied the northern half of Korea and in 1946 established the Provisional People's Committee for North Korea chaired by Kim Il-sung. On 9 September 1948, the DPRK was proclaimed, also led by Kim Il-sung.", "title": "List of leaders of North Korea" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The GDP of Thuringia is below the national average, in line with the other former East German Lands. Until 2004, Thuringia was one of the weakest regions within the European Union. The accession of several new countries, the crisis in southern Europe and the sustained economic growth in Germany since 2005 has brought the Thuringian GDP close to the EU average since then. The high economic subsidies granted by the federal government and the EU after 1990 are being reduced gradually and will end around 2020.", "title": "Thuringia" } ]	What did the Thuringian miners do to help the country that the author of With the Century is a citizen of?	uranium mining was also important to cover the Soviet Union's need for this metal	[]	Title: Myanmar Passage: The Rohingya people have consistently faced human rights abuses by the Burmese regime that has refused to acknowledge them as Burmese citizens (despite some of them having lived in Burma for over three generations)—the Rohingya have been denied Burmese citizenship since the enactment of a 1982 citizenship law. The law created three categories of citizenship: citizenship, associate citizenship, and naturalised citizenship. Citizenship is given to those who belong to one of the national races such as Kachin, Kayah (Karenni), Karen, Chin, Burman, Mon, Rakhine, Shan, Kaman, or Zerbadee. Associate citizenship is given to those who cannot prove their ancestors settled in Myanmar before 1823, but can prove they have one grandparent, or pre-1823 ancestor, who was a citizen of another country, as well as people who applied for citizenship in 1948 and qualified then by those laws. Naturalized citizenship is only given to those who have at least one parent with one of these types of Burmese citizenship or can provide "conclusive evidence" that their parents entered and resided in Burma prior to independence in 1948. The Burmese regime has attempted to forcibly expel Rohingya and bring in non-Rohingyas to replace them—this policy has resulted in the expulsion of approximately half of the 800,000 Rohingya from Burma, while the Rohingya people have been described as "among the world's least wanted" and "one of the world's most persecuted minorities." But the origin of ‘most persecuted minority’ statement is unclear. Title: Zussmanite Passage: It was first described in 1960 by Stuart Olof Agrell in the Laytonville quarry, Mendocino County, California. Zussmanite is named in honor of Jack Zussman (born 1924), Head of the University of Manchester’s Department of Geology and co-author of "Rock-Forming Minerals". Title: Thuringia Passage: Some reordering of the Thuringian states occurred during the German Mediatisation from 1795 to 1814, and the territory was included within the Napoleonic Confederation of the Rhine organized in 1806. The 1815 Congress of Vienna confirmed these changes and the Thuringian states' inclusion in the German Confederation; the Kingdom of Prussia also acquired some Thuringian territory and administered it within the Province of Saxony. The Thuringian duchies which became part of the German Empire in 1871 during the Prussian-led unification of Germany were Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach, Saxe-Meiningen, Saxe-Altenburg, Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, Schwarzburg-Sondershausen, Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt and the two principalities of Reuss Elder Line and Reuss Younger Line. In 1920, after World War I, these small states merged into one state, called Thuringia; only Saxe-Coburg voted to join Bavaria instead. Weimar became the new capital of Thuringia. The coat of arms of this new state was simpler than they had been previously. Title: Thuringia Passage: The GDP of Thuringia is below the national average, in line with the other former East German Lands. Until 2004, Thuringia was one of the weakest regions within the European Union. The accession of several new countries, the crisis in southern Europe and the sustained economic growth in Germany since 2005 has brought the Thuringian GDP close to the EU average since then. The high economic subsidies granted by the federal government and the EU after 1990 are being reduced gradually and will end around 2020. Title: Donat Mg Passage: Donat Mg is a natural mineral water from the springs of Rogaška Slatina in Slovenia. It has a high content of magnesium. It helps with constipation problems, heartburn and magnesium deficiency problems. Title: God Help Me (film) Passage: God Help Me is a 2006 American Christian direct-to-video romantic comedy film written and produced by Dan Olds. It was directed by Reece Tedford, and stars Tom Miner, George Moss, Jim Anderson, Candace Orrino and Shelley Findley. The film was produced by Dust Storm Productions, and distributed on July 13, 2006 by CustomFlix. Title: Bottled water Passage: Although vessels to bottle and transport water were part of the earliest human civilizations, bottling water began in the United Kingdom with the first water bottling at the Holy Well in 1621. The demand for bottled water was fueled in large part by the resurgence in spa - going and water therapy among Europeans and American colonists in the 17th and 18th centuries. The first commercially distributed water in America was bottled and sold by Jackson's Spa in Boston in 1767. Early drinkers of bottled spa waters believed that the water at these mineral springs had therapeutic properties and that bathing in or drinking the water could help treat many common ailments. Title: Telman Ismailov Passage: Telman Mardanovich Ismailov (, ; born 26 October 1956) is an Azerbaijani-born businessman and entrepreneur of Mountain Jew origin. Since Azerbaijan does not allow dual citizenship, he holds Russian-Turkish citizenship. He is the chairman of the Russian AST Group of companies, which is active in many countries. Until 2009, Ismailov owned the Europe's then-largest marketplace, Cherkizovsky Market, located in Moscow, Russia. Title: Physics and Chemistry of Minerals Passage: Physics and Chemistry of Minerals is a peer-reviewed scientific journal published monthly by Springer Science+Business Media. The journal publishes articles and short communications on minerals or solids related to minerals and covers applications of modern techniques or new theories and models to interpret atomic structures and physical of chemical properties of minerals. Topics includes: general solid state spectroscopy, experimental and theoretical analysis of chemical bonding in minerals, physical properties, fundamental properties of atomic structure, mineral surfaces. Title: With the Century Passage: Reminiscences: With the Century () is the autobiography of Kim Il-sung, founder and president of North Korea. The memoirs, written in 1992 and published in eight volumes, retell Kim's life story through his childhood to the time of Korean resistance. Initially, a total of 30 volumes were planned but Kim Il-sung died in 1994 after just six volumes; the seventh and eight volumes were published posthumously. The work reveals early influences of religious and literary ideas on Kim's thinking. An important part of North Korean literature, "With the Century" is held as a valuable if somewhat unreliable insight into the nation's modern history under late colonial Korea. The book is considered one of a few North Korean primary sources widely available in the West and as notable research material for North Korean studies. Title: Albano Carrisi Passage: Albano Carrisi (Italian: [alˈbaːno karˈriːzi]; born 20 May 1943), better known as Al Bano, is an Italian recording artist, actor, and winemaker. In 2016, he was awarded Albanian citizenship due to his close ties with the country. Title: Ellenbogen (Rhön) Passage: The Ellenbogen is an 814-metre high extinct volcano in the Thuringian Rhön in the district of Landkreis Schmalkalden-Meiningen, Thuringia, Germany. Title: Leutenberg Passage: Leutenberg is a town in the district of Saalfeld-Rudolstadt, in Thuringia, Germany. It is situated in the Thuringian Forest, 18 km southeast of Saalfeld. Title: Portugal Passage: Portugal is a significant European minerals producer and is ranked among Europe's leading copper producers. The nation is also a notable producer of tin, tungsten and uranium. However, the country lacks the potential to conduct hydrocarbon exploration and aluminium, a limitation that has hindered the development of Portugal's mining and metallurgy sectors. Although the country has vast iron and coal reserves—mainly in the north—after the 1974 revolution and the consequent economic globalization, low competitiveness forced a decrease in the extraction activity for these minerals. The Panasqueira and Neves-Corvo mines are among the most recognised Portuguese mines that are still in operation.[citation needed] Title: List of leaders of North Korea Passage: At the end of World War II, Soviet Union occupied the northern half of Korea and in 1946 established the Provisional People's Committee for North Korea chaired by Kim Il-sung. On 9 September 1948, the DPRK was proclaimed, also led by Kim Il-sung. Title: Christian Frederick Matthaei Passage: Christian Frederick Matthaei (4 March 1744 in Mücheln – 26 September 1811), a Thuringian, palaeographer, classical philologist, professor first at Wittenberg and then at Moscow. Title: Western Federation of Miners Passage: The Western Federation of Miners (WFM) was a radical labor union that gained a reputation for militancy in the mines of the western United States and British Columbia. Its efforts to organize both hard rock miners and smelter workers brought it into sharp conflicts – and often pitched battles – with both employers and governmental authorities. One of the most dramatic of these struggles occurred in the Cripple Creek district in 1903–04, and has been called the Colorado Labor Wars. The WFM also played a key role in the founding of the Industrial Workers of the World in 1905, but left that organization several years later. Title: Gregor von Helmersen Passage: He was an author of numerous memoirs on the geology of Russia, especially on coal and other mineral deposits of the country; and he wrote also some explanations to accompany separate sheets of the geological map of Russia. Title: Thuringia Passage: Mining was important in Thuringia since the later Middle Ages, especially within the mining towns of the Thuringian Forest such as Schmalkalden, Suhl and Ilmenau. Following the industrial revolution, the old iron, copper and silver mines declined because the competition from imported metal was too strong. On the other hand, the late 19th century brought new types of mines to Thuringia: the lignite surface mining around Meuselwitz near Altenburg in the east of the Land started in the 1870s, and two potash mining districts were established around 1900. These are the Südharzrevier in the north of the state, between Bischofferode in the west and Roßleben in the east with Sondershausen at its centre, and the Werrarevier on the Hessian border around Vacha and Bad Salzungen in the west. Together, they accounted for a significant part of the world's potash production in the mid-20th century. After the reunification, the Südharzrevier was abandoned, whereas K+S took over the mines in the Werrarevier. Between 1950 and 1990, uranium mining was also important to cover the Soviet Union's need for this metal. The centre was Ronneburg near Gera in eastern Thuringia and the operating company Wismut was under direct Soviet control. Title: John H. Caldwell Passage: John Homer Caldwell (born November 28, 1928) is a retired American nordic skier who competed in the 1952 Winter Olympics, then became a cross-country ski coach and authority on cross-country skiing. He wrote a series of books that helped popularize and develop understanding of recreational cross-country skiing in the United States. Consequently, Caldwell has been called the "father" and "guru" of Nordic skiing in North America.	[ "Thuringia", "With the Century", "List of leaders of North Korea" ]
2hop__819744_79070	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Cangxi County () is a county of northeastern Sichuan Province, China, located along the upper reaches of the Jialing River. It is under the administration of Guangyuan City.", "title": "Cangxi County" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "In Montgomery's works, Avonlea is located on the northern shore of Prince Edward Island on a small peninsula. Its primary industries are farming and lobster fishing. Neighbouring fictional communities include Carmody, White Sands (not to be confused with the modern White Sands, which is on the southern edge of PEI), Grafton, Bright River, Newbridge, and Spencervale.", "title": "Avonlea (Anne of Green Gables)" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In 1949, the Territory and the Territory of New Guinea were established in an administrative union by the name of the Territory of Papua and New Guinea. That administrative union was renamed as Papua New Guinea in 1971. Notwithstanding that it was part of an administrative union, the Territory of Papua at all times retained a distinct legal status and identity; it was a Possession of the Crown whereas the Territory of New Guinea was initially a League of Nations mandate territory and subsequently a United Nations trust territory. This important legal and political distinction remained until the advent of the Independent State of Papua New Guinea in 1975.", "title": "Territory of Papua" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Arrondissement of Mechelen (; ) is one of the three administrative arrondissements in the Province of Antwerp, Belgium. It is both an administrative and a judicial arrondissement, as the territory for both coincides.", "title": "Arrondissement of Mechelen" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Catandica (before independence known as Vila Gouveia) is a town located in the province of Manica in Mozambique. It is the administrative center of Báruè District. As of 2008 it had a population of 29 052.", "title": "Catandica" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Sierra Suroeste is a comarca (county, with no administrative role) located in southwestern province of Badajoz in the autonomous community of Extremadura, western Spain. Its capital and largest city is Jerez de los Caballeros.", "title": "Sierra Suroeste" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Trescares is one of eight parishes (administrative divisions) in Peñamellera Alta, a municipality within the province and autonomous community of Asturias, in northern Spain. It is located in the Picos de Europa National Park.", "title": "Trescares" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The ZEC Bras-Coupé-Desert is a \"zone d'exploitation contrôlée\" (controlled harvesting zone) (ZEC), located in the unorganized territory of Lac-Pythonga in La Vallée-de-la-Gatineau Regional County Municipality, in the administrative region of Outaouais, in Quebec, in Canada.", "title": "Zec Bras-Coupé–Désert" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Zalishchyky ( ; ), also spelled Zalischyky, is a small city located on the Dniester river in the southern part of the Ternopil Oblast (province), in western Ukraine. It is the administrative center of the Zalishchyky Raion (district).", "title": "Zalishchyky" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "South Africa occupied the colony in 1915 after defeating the German force during World War I and administered it from 1919 onward as a League of Nations mandate territory. Although the South African government desired to incorporate 'South-West Africa' into its territory, it never officially did so, although it was administered as the de facto 'fifth province', with the white minority having representation in the whites-only Parliament of South Africa, as well as electing their own local administration the SWA Legislative Assembly. The South African government also appointed the SWA administrator, who had extensive powers. Following the League's replacement by the United Nations in 1946, South Africa refused to surrender its earlier mandate to be replaced by a United Nations Trusteeship agreement, requiring closer international monitoring of the territory's administration (along with a definite independence schedule). The Herero Chief's Council submitted a number of petitions to the UN calling for it to grant Namibia independence during the 1950s. During the 1960s, when European powers granted independence to their colonies and trust territories in Africa, pressure mounted on South Africa to do so in Namibia. In 1966 the International Court of Justice dismissed a complaint brought by Ethiopia and Liberia against South Africa's continued presence in the territory, but the U.N. General Assembly subsequently revoked South Africa's mandate, while in 1971 the International Court of Justice issued an \"advisory opinion\" declaring South Africa's continued administration to be illegal.", "title": "Namibia" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Vilnius County () is the largest of the 10 counties of Lithuania, located in the east of the country around the city Vilnius. On 1 July 2010, the county administration was abolished, and since that date, Vilnius County remains as the territorial and statistical unit.", "title": "Vilnius County" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Biysky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-nine in Altai Krai, Russia. It is located in the east of the krai and borders with Zonalny, Tselinny, Soltonsky, Krasnogorsky, Sovetsky, and Smolensky Districts, as well as with the territory of the City of Biysk. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Biysk (which is not administratively a part of the district). District's population:", "title": "Biysky District" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Punjab is Pakistan's second largest province in terms of land area at 205,344 km2 (79,284 sq mi), after Balochistan, and is located at the north western edge of the geologic Indian plate in South Asia. The province is bordered by Kashmir (Azad Kashmir, Pakistan and Jammu and Kashmir, India) to the northeast, the Indian states of Punjab and Rajasthan to the east, the Pakistani province of Sindh to the south, the province of Balochistan to the southwest, the province of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa to the west, and the Islamabad Capital Territory to the north.", "title": "Punjab, Pakistan" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Eastern Bengal and Assam was an administrative subdivision (province) of the British Raj between 1905 and 1912. Headquartered in the city of Dacca, it covered territories in what are now Bangladesh, Northeast India and Northern West Bengal.", "title": "Eastern Bengal and Assam" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Khabarovsky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the seventeen in Khabarovsk Krai, Russia. It consists of two unconnected segments separated by the territory of Amursky District, which are located in the southwest of the krai. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Khabarovsk (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population:", "title": "Khabarovsky District" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Prince Edward Island (PEI or P.E.I.; French: Île - du - Prince - Édouard) is a province of Canada consisting of the island of the same name, and several much smaller islands. Prince Edward Island is one of the three Maritime Provinces and is the smallest province in both land area and population. It is part of the traditional lands of the Mi'kmaq, and became a British colony in the 1700s and was federated into Canada as a province in 1873. Its capital is Charlottetown. According to the 2016 census, the province of Prince Edward Island has 142,907 residents.", "title": "Prince Edward Island" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The District of Alberta was one of four districts of the Northwest Territories created in 1882. It was styled the Alberta Provisional District to distinguish it from the District of Keewatin which had a more autonomous relationship from the NWT administration. Present-day Province of Alberta takes in the District of Alberta and parts of the Districts of Athabasca, Assiniboia and Saskatchewan. Alberta became a province in 1905.", "title": "District of Alberta" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Mansehra (Rural) is a Union Council (an administrative subdivision) of Mansehra District in Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. It is located in the south of the district and to the southeast of the district capital, Mansehra.", "title": "Mansehra (Rural)" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Tobes is one of eight parishes (administrative divisions) in Peñamellera Baja, a municipality within the province and autonomous community of Asturias, in northern Spain. It is located in the Picos de Europa National Park.", "title": "Tobes" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Paea is a commune in the suburbs of Papeete in French Polynesia, an overseas territory of France in the southern Pacific Ocean. Paea is located on the island of Tahiti, in the administrative subdivision of the Windward Islands, themselves part of the Society Islands. At the 2017 census it had a population of 13,021.", "title": "Paea" } ]	When did the area where Avonlea was located become a province?	1873	[]	Title: Mansehra (Rural) Passage: Mansehra (Rural) is a Union Council (an administrative subdivision) of Mansehra District in Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. It is located in the south of the district and to the southeast of the district capital, Mansehra. Title: Sierra Suroeste Passage: Sierra Suroeste is a comarca (county, with no administrative role) located in southwestern province of Badajoz in the autonomous community of Extremadura, western Spain. Its capital and largest city is Jerez de los Caballeros. Title: Zec Bras-Coupé–Désert Passage: The ZEC Bras-Coupé-Desert is a "zone d'exploitation contrôlée" (controlled harvesting zone) (ZEC), located in the unorganized territory of Lac-Pythonga in La Vallée-de-la-Gatineau Regional County Municipality, in the administrative region of Outaouais, in Quebec, in Canada. Title: Prince Edward Island Passage: Prince Edward Island (PEI or P.E.I.; French: Île - du - Prince - Édouard) is a province of Canada consisting of the island of the same name, and several much smaller islands. Prince Edward Island is one of the three Maritime Provinces and is the smallest province in both land area and population. It is part of the traditional lands of the Mi'kmaq, and became a British colony in the 1700s and was federated into Canada as a province in 1873. Its capital is Charlottetown. According to the 2016 census, the province of Prince Edward Island has 142,907 residents. Title: Zalishchyky Passage: Zalishchyky ( ; ), also spelled Zalischyky, is a small city located on the Dniester river in the southern part of the Ternopil Oblast (province), in western Ukraine. It is the administrative center of the Zalishchyky Raion (district). Title: Arrondissement of Mechelen Passage: The Arrondissement of Mechelen (; ) is one of the three administrative arrondissements in the Province of Antwerp, Belgium. It is both an administrative and a judicial arrondissement, as the territory for both coincides. Title: District of Alberta Passage: The District of Alberta was one of four districts of the Northwest Territories created in 1882. It was styled the Alberta Provisional District to distinguish it from the District of Keewatin which had a more autonomous relationship from the NWT administration. Present-day Province of Alberta takes in the District of Alberta and parts of the Districts of Athabasca, Assiniboia and Saskatchewan. Alberta became a province in 1905. Title: Territory of Papua Passage: In 1949, the Territory and the Territory of New Guinea were established in an administrative union by the name of the Territory of Papua and New Guinea. That administrative union was renamed as Papua New Guinea in 1971. Notwithstanding that it was part of an administrative union, the Territory of Papua at all times retained a distinct legal status and identity; it was a Possession of the Crown whereas the Territory of New Guinea was initially a League of Nations mandate territory and subsequently a United Nations trust territory. This important legal and political distinction remained until the advent of the Independent State of Papua New Guinea in 1975. Title: Biysky District Passage: Biysky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-nine in Altai Krai, Russia. It is located in the east of the krai and borders with Zonalny, Tselinny, Soltonsky, Krasnogorsky, Sovetsky, and Smolensky Districts, as well as with the territory of the City of Biysk. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Biysk (which is not administratively a part of the district). District's population: Title: Paea Passage: Paea is a commune in the suburbs of Papeete in French Polynesia, an overseas territory of France in the southern Pacific Ocean. Paea is located on the island of Tahiti, in the administrative subdivision of the Windward Islands, themselves part of the Society Islands. At the 2017 census it had a population of 13,021. Title: Catandica Passage: Catandica (before independence known as Vila Gouveia) is a town located in the province of Manica in Mozambique. It is the administrative center of Báruè District. As of 2008 it had a population of 29 052. Title: Vilnius County Passage: Vilnius County () is the largest of the 10 counties of Lithuania, located in the east of the country around the city Vilnius. On 1 July 2010, the county administration was abolished, and since that date, Vilnius County remains as the territorial and statistical unit. Title: Eastern Bengal and Assam Passage: Eastern Bengal and Assam was an administrative subdivision (province) of the British Raj between 1905 and 1912. Headquartered in the city of Dacca, it covered territories in what are now Bangladesh, Northeast India and Northern West Bengal. Title: Trescares Passage: Trescares is one of eight parishes (administrative divisions) in Peñamellera Alta, a municipality within the province and autonomous community of Asturias, in northern Spain. It is located in the Picos de Europa National Park. Title: Cangxi County Passage: Cangxi County () is a county of northeastern Sichuan Province, China, located along the upper reaches of the Jialing River. It is under the administration of Guangyuan City. Title: Namibia Passage: South Africa occupied the colony in 1915 after defeating the German force during World War I and administered it from 1919 onward as a League of Nations mandate territory. Although the South African government desired to incorporate 'South-West Africa' into its territory, it never officially did so, although it was administered as the de facto 'fifth province', with the white minority having representation in the whites-only Parliament of South Africa, as well as electing their own local administration the SWA Legislative Assembly. The South African government also appointed the SWA administrator, who had extensive powers. Following the League's replacement by the United Nations in 1946, South Africa refused to surrender its earlier mandate to be replaced by a United Nations Trusteeship agreement, requiring closer international monitoring of the territory's administration (along with a definite independence schedule). The Herero Chief's Council submitted a number of petitions to the UN calling for it to grant Namibia independence during the 1950s. During the 1960s, when European powers granted independence to their colonies and trust territories in Africa, pressure mounted on South Africa to do so in Namibia. In 1966 the International Court of Justice dismissed a complaint brought by Ethiopia and Liberia against South Africa's continued presence in the territory, but the U.N. General Assembly subsequently revoked South Africa's mandate, while in 1971 the International Court of Justice issued an "advisory opinion" declaring South Africa's continued administration to be illegal. Title: Tobes Passage: Tobes is one of eight parishes (administrative divisions) in Peñamellera Baja, a municipality within the province and autonomous community of Asturias, in northern Spain. It is located in the Picos de Europa National Park. Title: Avonlea (Anne of Green Gables) Passage: In Montgomery's works, Avonlea is located on the northern shore of Prince Edward Island on a small peninsula. Its primary industries are farming and lobster fishing. Neighbouring fictional communities include Carmody, White Sands (not to be confused with the modern White Sands, which is on the southern edge of PEI), Grafton, Bright River, Newbridge, and Spencervale. Title: Punjab, Pakistan Passage: Punjab is Pakistan's second largest province in terms of land area at 205,344 km2 (79,284 sq mi), after Balochistan, and is located at the north western edge of the geologic Indian plate in South Asia. The province is bordered by Kashmir (Azad Kashmir, Pakistan and Jammu and Kashmir, India) to the northeast, the Indian states of Punjab and Rajasthan to the east, the Pakistani province of Sindh to the south, the province of Balochistan to the southwest, the province of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa to the west, and the Islamabad Capital Territory to the north. Title: Khabarovsky District Passage: Khabarovsky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the seventeen in Khabarovsk Krai, Russia. It consists of two unconnected segments separated by the territory of Amursky District, which are located in the southwest of the krai. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Khabarovsk (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population:	[ "Avonlea (Anne of Green Gables)", "Prince Edward Island" ]
3hop1__74698_99741_20577	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The first Catholic Mass in the Philippines was held on March 31, 1521, Easter Sunday. It was said by Father Pedro de Valderrama along the shores of Limasawa at the tip of Southern Leyte. Limasawa is this popularly known as the birthplace of the Church in the Philippines.", "title": "First Mass in the Philippines" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Jabur, alternately Jabor (Chinese: 雅姆), is a small town in the southern tip of Terengganu, Malaysia. It is situated in Kemaman constituency, near the Terengganu-Pahang border.", "title": "Jabur" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Libya (; ; ), officially the State of Libya, is a country in the Maghreb region in North Africa, bordered by the Mediterranean Sea to the north, Egypt to the east, Sudan to the southeast, Chad to the south, Niger to the southwest, Algeria to the west, and Tunisia to the northwest. The sovereign state is made of three historical regions: Tripolitania, Fezzan and Cyrenaica. With an area of almost , Libya is the fourth largest country in Africa, and is the 16th largest country in the world. Libya has the 10th-largest proven oil reserves of any country in the world. The largest city and capital, Tripoli, is located in western Libya and contains over one million of Libya's six million people. The second-largest city is Benghazi, which is located in eastern Libya.", "title": "Libya" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Belousov Point () is an ice-covered headland forming the southern tip of the Anderson Peninsula, located just north of the terminus of Suvorov Glacier, situated in Victoria Land, Antarctica. The geographical headland was first mapped by the Soviet Antarctic Expedition of 1958 and named for the Soviet polar captain Mikhail P. Belousov, 1904–46. The headland lies on the Pennell Coast, a portion of Antarctica lying between Cape Williams and Cape Adare.", "title": "Belousov Point" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Playa Balandra is a beach located on the Baja California Sur peninsula of Mexico in La Paz. It is located on the Eastern side of the peninsula, but faces west, as the southern tip comes up.", "title": "Playa Balandra" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Great Resistance (French: \"Au pays des colons\") is a 2007 documentary by Quebec film director Denys Desjardins. This length feature is produced by the National Film Board of Canada (NFB).", "title": "The Great Resistance" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Blizzard Mountain Ski Area is a modest ski area in the western United States, in central Idaho. It is located in the southern tip of the Pioneer Mountains in southwestern Butte County, southwest of Arco. The elevation of its lift-served summit is above sea level, with a vertical drop of on a treeless, northeast-facing slope. The summit offers a sweeping view of the vast Snake River Plain to the east, south, and west.", "title": "Blizzard Mountain Ski Area" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "South Korea occupies the southern portion of the Korean Peninsula, which extends some 1,100 km (680 mi) from the Asian mainland. This mountainous peninsula is flanked by the Yellow Sea to the west, and the Sea of Japan to the east. Its southern tip lies on the Korea Strait and the East China Sea.", "title": "South Korea" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Atlantis Rising is a concept album released by heavy metal band Manilla Road in 2001. Its content revolves around the lost continent of Atlantis re-emerging and the resulting war between the Æsir and Great Old Ones over the continent.", "title": "Atlantis Rising" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Phú Quốc (), is the largest island in Vietnam. Phú Quốc and nearby islands, along with distant Thổ Chu Islands, is part of Kiên Giang Province as Phú Quốc District, the island has a total area of and a permanent population of approximately 103,000. Located in the Gulf of Thailand, the district of Phú Quốc includes the island proper and 21 smaller islets. Dương Đông town, is located on the west coast, and is also the administrative and largest town on the island. The other township is An Thoi on the southern tip of the island.", "title": "Phú Quốc" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Eventually Greek colonization reached as far northeast as present day Ukraine and Russia (Taganrog). To the west the coasts of Illyria, Sicily and Southern Italy were settled, followed by Southern France, Corsica, and even northeastern Spain. Greek colonies were also founded in Egypt and Libya.", "title": "Ancient Greece" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Portland Island is an island in the Southern Gulf Islands of the South Coast of British Columbia, Canada. It is located west of Moresby Island and off the south tip of Saltspring Island, adjacent to the main BC Ferries route just offshore from the terminal at Swartz Bay at the tip of the Saanich Peninsula. Portland Island was given to Princess Margaret in 1958 to commemorate her visit to the province. Princess Margaret returned the island to British Columbia in 1967, after which point it became a provincial park. Today, Portland Island is a part of Gulf Islands National Park Reserve (GINPR).", "title": "Portland Island (British Columbia)" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Systematic European colonization began in 1492, when a Spanish expedition headed by the Genoese explorer Christopher Columbus sailed west to find a new trade route to the Far East but inadvertently landed in what came to be known to Europeans as the ``New World ''. Running aground on the northern part of Hispaniola on 5 December 1492, which the Taino people had inhabited since the 7th century, the site became the first European settlement in the Americas apart from a small Norse attempt in Newfoundland centuries before. European conquest, large - scale exploration and colonization soon followed. Columbus's first two voyages (1492 -- 93) reached the Bahamas and various Caribbean islands, including Hispaniola, Puerto Rico and Cuba. In 1498, John Cabot, on behalf of England, landed on the North American coast, and a year later, Columbus's third voyage reached the South American coast. As the sponsor of Christopher Columbus's voyages, Spain was the first European power to settle and colonize the largest areas, from North America and the Caribbean to the southern tip of South America.", "title": "European colonization of the Americas" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Positioned asymmetrically around the South Pole and largely south of the Antarctic Circle, Antarctica is the southernmost continent and is surrounded by the Southern Ocean; alternatively, it may be considered to be surrounded by the southern Pacific, Atlantic, and Indian Oceans, or by the southern waters of the World Ocean. It covers more than 14,000,000 km2 (5,400,000 sq mi), making it the fifth-largest continent, about 1.3 times as large as Europe. The coastline measures 17,968 km (11,165 mi) and is mostly characterized by ice formations, as the following table shows:", "title": "Antarctica" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Santa Marta Formation is a geologic formation in Antarctica. It, along with the Hanson Formation and the Snow Hill Island Formation, are the only formations yet known on the continent where dinosaur fossils have been found. The formation outcrops on James Ross Island off the coast of the northern tip of the Antarctic Peninsula. In its entirety, the Santa Marta Formation is on average one kilometer thick.", "title": "Santa Marta Formation" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Atlantis, the Lost Continent is a 1961 American science fiction film in Metrocolor from Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, produced and directed by George Pal, that stars Sal Ponti (under the screen name of Anthony Hall), Joyce Taylor, and John Dall.", "title": "Atlantis, the Lost Continent" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Dutch East India Company had founded the Cape Colony on the southern tip of Africa in 1652 as a way station for its ships travelling to and from its colonies in the East Indies. Britain formally acquired the colony, and its large Afrikaner (or Boer) population in 1806, having occupied it in 1795 to prevent its falling into French hands, following the invasion of the Netherlands by France. British immigration began to rise after 1820, and pushed thousands of Boers, resentful of British rule, northwards to found their own—mostly short-lived—independent republics, during the Great Trek of the late 1830s and early 1840s. In the process the Voortrekkers clashed repeatedly with the British, who had their own agenda with regard to colonial expansion in South Africa and with several African polities, including those of the Sotho and the Zulu nations. Eventually the Boers established two republics which had a longer lifespan: the South African Republic or Transvaal Republic (1852–77; 1881–1902) and the Orange Free State (1854–1902). In 1902 Britain occupied both republics, concluding a treaty with the two Boer Republics following the Second Boer War (1899–1902).", "title": "British Empire" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Lost Dutchman's Gold Mine (also known by similar names) is, according to legend, a rich gold mine hidden in the southwestern United States. The location is generally believed to be in the Superstition Mountains, near Apache Junction, east of Phoenix, Arizona. There have been many stories about how to find the mine, and each year people search for the mine. Some have died on the search.", "title": "Lost Dutchman's Gold Mine" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Wayne liked the location work in Rome and Libya. The plot is vaguely similar to another of Wayne's movies crossing the Mojave Desert. The Roman remains of Leptis Magna in Libya were used extensively as a location for the ancient city. In the script Wayne's character refers to 'Timgad' in sardonic reference to the apparent delusions of Paul's father, despite the fact this places a considerable strain on the geography of the plot. The lost city of Timgad referred to in the film was actually the Leptis Magna ruins, a Roman city dating back to the 7th century B.C. near Tripoli, in northwest Libya, while ``Timbuktu ''was actually in Zliten, Libya. Headquarters for the film were located in Ghadames, where, according to the publicity material, citizens of the villages were employed on set, as well as some native Tuaregs, an ancient desert tribe.", "title": "Legend of the Lost" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Norse colonization of North America began in the late 10th century AD when Norsemen explored and settled areas of the North Atlantic including the northeastern fringes of North America. Viking houses were found at L'Anse aux Meadows near the northern tip of Newfoundland in 1960. This discovery aided the reignition of archaeological exploration for the Vikings in the North Atlantic.", "title": "Norse colonization of North America" } ]	When was the southern tip of the continent where Legend of the Lost was filmed colonized?	1652	[]	Title: Ancient Greece Passage: Eventually Greek colonization reached as far northeast as present day Ukraine and Russia (Taganrog). To the west the coasts of Illyria, Sicily and Southern Italy were settled, followed by Southern France, Corsica, and even northeastern Spain. Greek colonies were also founded in Egypt and Libya. Title: European colonization of the Americas Passage: Systematic European colonization began in 1492, when a Spanish expedition headed by the Genoese explorer Christopher Columbus sailed west to find a new trade route to the Far East but inadvertently landed in what came to be known to Europeans as the ``New World ''. Running aground on the northern part of Hispaniola on 5 December 1492, which the Taino people had inhabited since the 7th century, the site became the first European settlement in the Americas apart from a small Norse attempt in Newfoundland centuries before. European conquest, large - scale exploration and colonization soon followed. Columbus's first two voyages (1492 -- 93) reached the Bahamas and various Caribbean islands, including Hispaniola, Puerto Rico and Cuba. In 1498, John Cabot, on behalf of England, landed on the North American coast, and a year later, Columbus's third voyage reached the South American coast. As the sponsor of Christopher Columbus's voyages, Spain was the first European power to settle and colonize the largest areas, from North America and the Caribbean to the southern tip of South America. Title: The Great Resistance Passage: The Great Resistance (French: "Au pays des colons") is a 2007 documentary by Quebec film director Denys Desjardins. This length feature is produced by the National Film Board of Canada (NFB). Title: Portland Island (British Columbia) Passage: Portland Island is an island in the Southern Gulf Islands of the South Coast of British Columbia, Canada. It is located west of Moresby Island and off the south tip of Saltspring Island, adjacent to the main BC Ferries route just offshore from the terminal at Swartz Bay at the tip of the Saanich Peninsula. Portland Island was given to Princess Margaret in 1958 to commemorate her visit to the province. Princess Margaret returned the island to British Columbia in 1967, after which point it became a provincial park. Today, Portland Island is a part of Gulf Islands National Park Reserve (GINPR). Title: Lost Dutchman's Gold Mine Passage: The Lost Dutchman's Gold Mine (also known by similar names) is, according to legend, a rich gold mine hidden in the southwestern United States. The location is generally believed to be in the Superstition Mountains, near Apache Junction, east of Phoenix, Arizona. There have been many stories about how to find the mine, and each year people search for the mine. Some have died on the search. Title: Atlantis Rising Passage: Atlantis Rising is a concept album released by heavy metal band Manilla Road in 2001. Its content revolves around the lost continent of Atlantis re-emerging and the resulting war between the Æsir and Great Old Ones over the continent. Title: Atlantis, the Lost Continent Passage: Atlantis, the Lost Continent is a 1961 American science fiction film in Metrocolor from Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, produced and directed by George Pal, that stars Sal Ponti (under the screen name of Anthony Hall), Joyce Taylor, and John Dall. Title: Phú Quốc Passage: Phú Quốc (), is the largest island in Vietnam. Phú Quốc and nearby islands, along with distant Thổ Chu Islands, is part of Kiên Giang Province as Phú Quốc District, the island has a total area of and a permanent population of approximately 103,000. Located in the Gulf of Thailand, the district of Phú Quốc includes the island proper and 21 smaller islets. Dương Đông town, is located on the west coast, and is also the administrative and largest town on the island. The other township is An Thoi on the southern tip of the island. Title: British Empire Passage: The Dutch East India Company had founded the Cape Colony on the southern tip of Africa in 1652 as a way station for its ships travelling to and from its colonies in the East Indies. Britain formally acquired the colony, and its large Afrikaner (or Boer) population in 1806, having occupied it in 1795 to prevent its falling into French hands, following the invasion of the Netherlands by France. British immigration began to rise after 1820, and pushed thousands of Boers, resentful of British rule, northwards to found their own—mostly short-lived—independent republics, during the Great Trek of the late 1830s and early 1840s. In the process the Voortrekkers clashed repeatedly with the British, who had their own agenda with regard to colonial expansion in South Africa and with several African polities, including those of the Sotho and the Zulu nations. Eventually the Boers established two republics which had a longer lifespan: the South African Republic or Transvaal Republic (1852–77; 1881–1902) and the Orange Free State (1854–1902). In 1902 Britain occupied both republics, concluding a treaty with the two Boer Republics following the Second Boer War (1899–1902). Title: Jabur Passage: Jabur, alternately Jabor (Chinese: 雅姆), is a small town in the southern tip of Terengganu, Malaysia. It is situated in Kemaman constituency, near the Terengganu-Pahang border. Title: South Korea Passage: South Korea occupies the southern portion of the Korean Peninsula, which extends some 1,100 km (680 mi) from the Asian mainland. This mountainous peninsula is flanked by the Yellow Sea to the west, and the Sea of Japan to the east. Its southern tip lies on the Korea Strait and the East China Sea. Title: First Mass in the Philippines Passage: The first Catholic Mass in the Philippines was held on March 31, 1521, Easter Sunday. It was said by Father Pedro de Valderrama along the shores of Limasawa at the tip of Southern Leyte. Limasawa is this popularly known as the birthplace of the Church in the Philippines. Title: Playa Balandra Passage: Playa Balandra is a beach located on the Baja California Sur peninsula of Mexico in La Paz. It is located on the Eastern side of the peninsula, but faces west, as the southern tip comes up. Title: Antarctica Passage: Positioned asymmetrically around the South Pole and largely south of the Antarctic Circle, Antarctica is the southernmost continent and is surrounded by the Southern Ocean; alternatively, it may be considered to be surrounded by the southern Pacific, Atlantic, and Indian Oceans, or by the southern waters of the World Ocean. It covers more than 14,000,000 km2 (5,400,000 sq mi), making it the fifth-largest continent, about 1.3 times as large as Europe. The coastline measures 17,968 km (11,165 mi) and is mostly characterized by ice formations, as the following table shows: Title: Libya Passage: Libya (; ; ), officially the State of Libya, is a country in the Maghreb region in North Africa, bordered by the Mediterranean Sea to the north, Egypt to the east, Sudan to the southeast, Chad to the south, Niger to the southwest, Algeria to the west, and Tunisia to the northwest. The sovereign state is made of three historical regions: Tripolitania, Fezzan and Cyrenaica. With an area of almost , Libya is the fourth largest country in Africa, and is the 16th largest country in the world. Libya has the 10th-largest proven oil reserves of any country in the world. The largest city and capital, Tripoli, is located in western Libya and contains over one million of Libya's six million people. The second-largest city is Benghazi, which is located in eastern Libya. Title: Legend of the Lost Passage: Wayne liked the location work in Rome and Libya. The plot is vaguely similar to another of Wayne's movies crossing the Mojave Desert. The Roman remains of Leptis Magna in Libya were used extensively as a location for the ancient city. In the script Wayne's character refers to 'Timgad' in sardonic reference to the apparent delusions of Paul's father, despite the fact this places a considerable strain on the geography of the plot. The lost city of Timgad referred to in the film was actually the Leptis Magna ruins, a Roman city dating back to the 7th century B.C. near Tripoli, in northwest Libya, while ``Timbuktu ''was actually in Zliten, Libya. Headquarters for the film were located in Ghadames, where, according to the publicity material, citizens of the villages were employed on set, as well as some native Tuaregs, an ancient desert tribe. Title: Belousov Point Passage: Belousov Point () is an ice-covered headland forming the southern tip of the Anderson Peninsula, located just north of the terminus of Suvorov Glacier, situated in Victoria Land, Antarctica. The geographical headland was first mapped by the Soviet Antarctic Expedition of 1958 and named for the Soviet polar captain Mikhail P. Belousov, 1904–46. The headland lies on the Pennell Coast, a portion of Antarctica lying between Cape Williams and Cape Adare. Title: Santa Marta Formation Passage: The Santa Marta Formation is a geologic formation in Antarctica. It, along with the Hanson Formation and the Snow Hill Island Formation, are the only formations yet known on the continent where dinosaur fossils have been found. The formation outcrops on James Ross Island off the coast of the northern tip of the Antarctic Peninsula. In its entirety, the Santa Marta Formation is on average one kilometer thick. Title: Norse colonization of North America Passage: The Norse colonization of North America began in the late 10th century AD when Norsemen explored and settled areas of the North Atlantic including the northeastern fringes of North America. Viking houses were found at L'Anse aux Meadows near the northern tip of Newfoundland in 1960. This discovery aided the reignition of archaeological exploration for the Vikings in the North Atlantic. Title: Blizzard Mountain Ski Area Passage: Blizzard Mountain Ski Area is a modest ski area in the western United States, in central Idaho. It is located in the southern tip of the Pioneer Mountains in southwestern Butte County, southwest of Arco. The elevation of its lift-served summit is above sea level, with a vertical drop of on a treeless, northeast-facing slope. The summit offers a sweeping view of the vast Snake River Plain to the east, south, and west.	[ "Libya", "British Empire", "Legend of the Lost" ]
4hop1__70393_74386_444296_179769	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Paea is a commune in the suburbs of Papeete in French Polynesia, an overseas territory of France in the southern Pacific Ocean. Paea is located on the island of Tahiti, in the administrative subdivision of the Windward Islands, themselves part of the Society Islands. At the 2017 census it had a population of 13,021.", "title": "Paea" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Bogotá (/ ˈboʊɡətɑː /, / ˌbɒɡəˈtɑː /, / ˌboʊ - /; Spanish pronunciation: (boɣoˈta) (listen)), officially Bogotá, Distrito Capital, abbreviated Bogotá, D.C., and formerly known as Santafé de Bogotá between 1991 and 2000, is the capital and largest city of Colombia, administered as the Capital District, although often thought of as part of Cundinamarca. Bogotá is a territorial entity of the first order, with the same administrative status as the departments of Colombia. It is the political, economic, administrative, industrial, artistic, cultural, and sports center of the country.", "title": "Bogotá" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Local associations of a special kind are an amalgamation of one or more Landkreise with one or more Kreisfreie Städte to form a replacement of the aforementioned administrative entities at the district level. They are intended to implement simplification of administration at that level. Typically, a district-free city or town and its urban hinterland are grouped into such an association, or Kommunalverband besonderer Art. Such an organization requires the issuing of special laws by the governing state, since they are not covered by the normal administrative structure of the respective states.", "title": "States of Germany" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Brunei ( ), officially the Nation of Brunei, the Abode of Peace (, Jawi: ), is a country located on the north coast of the island of Borneo in Southeast Asia. Apart from its coastline with the South China Sea, the country is completely surrounded by the Malaysian state of Sarawak. It is separated into two parts by the Sarawak district of Limbang. Brunei is the only sovereign state completely on the island of Borneo; the remainder of the island's territory is divided between the nations of Malaysia and Indonesia. Brunei's population was in .", "title": "Brunei" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Britain retains sovereignty over 14 territories outside the British Isles. In 1983, the British Nationality Act 1981 renamed the existing Crown Colonies as \"British Dependent Territories\", and in 2002 they were renamed the British Overseas Territories. Three are uninhabited except for transient military or scientific personnel; the remaining eleven are self-governing to varying degrees and are reliant on the UK for foreign relations and defence. The British government has stated its willingness to assist any Overseas Territory that wishes to proceed to independence, where that is an option, and three territories have specifically voted to remain under British sovereignty (Bermuda in 1995, Gibraltar in 2002 and the Falkland Islands in 2013).British sovereignty of several of the overseas territories is disputed by their geographical neighbours: Gibraltar is claimed by Spain, the Falkland Islands and South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands are claimed by Argentina, and the British Indian Ocean Territory is claimed by Mauritius and Seychelles. The British Antarctic Territory is subject to overlapping claims by Argentina and Chile, while many countries do not recognise any territorial claims in Antarctica.Most former British colonies and protectorates are among the 52 member states of the Commonwealth of Nations, a non-political, voluntary association of equal members, comprising a population of around 2.2 billion people. Sixteen Commonwealth realms voluntarily continue to share the British monarch, Queen Elizabeth II, as their head of state. These sixteen nations are distinct and equal legal entities – the United Kingdom, Australia, Canada, New Zealand, Antigua and Barbuda, The Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Grenada, Jamaica, Papua New Guinea, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Solomon Islands and Tuvalu.", "title": "British Empire" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "A union territory is a type of administrative division in the Republic of India. Unlike states, which have their own elected governments, union territories are ruled directly by the Union Government (central government), hence the name ``union territory ''. Union territories in India qualify as federal territories, by definition.", "title": "Union territory" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Aleutian Islands (Aleut: Tanam Unangaa, literally ``Land of the Aleuts ''; pronounced (/ əˈluːʃən /; possibly from Chukchi aliat,`` island'') are a chain of 14 large volcanic islands and 55 smaller ones belonging to both the U.S. state of Alaska and the Russian federal subject of Kamchatka Krai. They form part of the Aleutian Arc in the Northern Pacific Ocean, occupying an area of 6,821 sq mi (17,666 km) and extending about 1,200 mi (1,900 km) westward from the Alaska Peninsula toward the Kamchatka Peninsula in Russia, and mark a dividing line between the Bering Sea to the north and the Pacific Ocean to the south. Crossing longitude 180 °, at which point east and west longitude end, the archipelago contains both the westernmost part of the United States by longitude (Amatignak Island) and the easternmost by longitude (Semisopochnoi Island). The westernmost U.S. island in real terms, however, is Attu Island, west of which runs the International Date Line. While nearly all the archipelago is part of Alaska and is usually considered as being in the ``Alaskan Bush '', at the extreme western end, the small, geologically related Commander Islands belong to Russia.", "title": "Aleutian Islands" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Puukoholā Heiau National Historic Site is a United States National Historic Site located on the northwestern coast of the island of Hawaii. The site preserves the National Historic Landmark ruins of the last major Ancient Hawaiian temple, and other historic sites.", "title": "Puʻukoholā Heiau National Historic Site" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Biysky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-nine in Altai Krai, Russia. It is located in the east of the krai and borders with Zonalny, Tselinny, Soltonsky, Krasnogorsky, Sovetsky, and Smolensky Districts, as well as with the territory of the City of Biysk. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Biysk (which is not administratively a part of the district). District's population:", "title": "Biysky District" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The United States Virgin Islands (USVI; also called the American Virgin Islands), officially the Virgin Islands of the United States, is a group of islands in the Caribbean and an unincorporated and organized territory of the United States. The islands are geographically part of the Virgin Islands archipelago and are located in the Leeward Islands of the Lesser Antilles.", "title": "United States Virgin Islands" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Monona County Courthouse, located in Onawa, Iowa, United States, was built in 1892. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1981 as a part of the County Courthouses in Iowa Thematic Resource. The courthouse is the third building the county has used for court functions and county administration.", "title": "Monona County Courthouse" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The capital city, Washington, District of Columbia, is a federal district located on land donated by the state of Maryland. (Virginia had also donated land, but it was returned in 1849.) The United States also has overseas territories with varying levels of independence and organization: in the Caribbean the territories of Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands, and in the Pacific the inhabited territories of Guam, American Samoa, and the Northern Mariana Islands, along with a number of uninhabited island territories.", "title": "Geography of the United States" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Greeneville is a town in, and the county seat of Greene County, Tennessee, United States. The population as of the 2010 census was 15,062. The town was named in honor of Revolutionary War hero Nathanael Greene. It is the only town with this spelling in the United States, although there are numerous U.S. towns named \"Greenville\". The town was the capital of the short-lived State of Franklin in the 18th-century history of the Tennessee region.", "title": "Greeneville, Tennessee" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Andrew Johnson National Cemetery is a United States National Cemetery on the grounds of the Andrew Johnson National Historic Site in Greeneville, Tennessee. Established in 1906, the cemetery was built around the resting place of Andrew Johnson, the 17th President of the United States, and holds more than two thousand graves.", "title": "Andrew Johnson National Cemetery" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Alaska Purchase (Russian: Продажа Аляски, tr. Prodazha Alyaski) was the United States' acquisition of Alaska from the Russian Empire on March 30, 1867, by a treaty ratified by the United States Senate, and signed by president Andrew Johnson.", "title": "Alaska Purchase" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Ap Lo Chun () is a small island in the New Territories of Hong Kong. It is located in Ap Chau Bay () between Ap Chau in the east and Sai Ap Chau in the west, with the islet of Ap Tan Pai nearby in the northeast. It is under the administration of North District.", "title": "Ap Lo Chun" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Eisenhower National Historic Site preserves the home and farm of Dwight D. Eisenhower, the 34th President of the United States, and its surrounding property of . It is located in Cumberland Township, Adams County, Pennsylvania, just outside Gettysburg. Purchased by then-General Eisenhower and his wife Mamie in 1950, the farm served as a weekend retreat for the President and a meeting place for world leaders, and became the Eisenhowers' home after they left the White House in 1961.", "title": "Eisenhower National Historic Site" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Compacts of Free Association between the United States, the Federated States of Micronesia, the Republic of the Marshall Islands and the Republic of Palau accorded the former entities of the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands a political status of \"free association\" with the United States. The Compacts give citizens of these island nations generally no restrictions to reside in the United States (also its territories), and many were attracted to Guam due to its proximity, environmental, and cultural familiarity. Over the years, it was claimed by some in Guam that the territory has had to bear the brunt of this agreement in the form of public assistance programs and public education for those from the regions involved, and the federal government should compensate the states and territories affected by this type of migration.[citation needed] Over the years, Congress had appropriated \"Compact Impact\" aids to Guam, the Northern Mariana Islands and Hawaii, and eventually this appropriation was written into each renewed Compact. Some, however, continue to claim the compensation is not enough or that the distribution of actual compensation received is significantly disproportionate.[citation needed]", "title": "Guam" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Ottawa Islands (Inuit: \"Arviliit\") are a group of uninhabited islands situated in the eastern edge of Canada's Hudson Bay. The group comprises 24 small islands, located at approximately 60N 80W. The main islands include Booth Island, Bronson Island, Eddy Island, Gilmour Island, J. Gordon Island, Pattee Island, and Perley Island. The highest point is on Gilmour Island, which rises to over . Located a short distance off the northwest coast of Quebec's Ungava Peninsula, they, like the other coastal islands in Hudson Bay, were historically part of the Northwest Territories, and became part of the territory of Nunavut upon its creation in 1999.", "title": "Ottawa Islands" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Khabarovsky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the seventeen in Khabarovsk Krai, Russia. It consists of two unconnected segments separated by the territory of Amursky District, which are located in the southwest of the krai. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Khabarovsk (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population:", "title": "Khabarovsky District" } ]	In which county is the location of the National Historic Site of the president during the purchase of the state of which the Aleutian Islands are part?	Greene County	[ "Greene County, Tennessee" ]	Title: United States Virgin Islands Passage: The United States Virgin Islands (USVI; also called the American Virgin Islands), officially the Virgin Islands of the United States, is a group of islands in the Caribbean and an unincorporated and organized territory of the United States. The islands are geographically part of the Virgin Islands archipelago and are located in the Leeward Islands of the Lesser Antilles. Title: Monona County Courthouse Passage: The Monona County Courthouse, located in Onawa, Iowa, United States, was built in 1892. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1981 as a part of the County Courthouses in Iowa Thematic Resource. The courthouse is the third building the county has used for court functions and county administration. Title: Andrew Johnson National Cemetery Passage: The Andrew Johnson National Cemetery is a United States National Cemetery on the grounds of the Andrew Johnson National Historic Site in Greeneville, Tennessee. Established in 1906, the cemetery was built around the resting place of Andrew Johnson, the 17th President of the United States, and holds more than two thousand graves. Title: Biysky District Passage: Biysky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-nine in Altai Krai, Russia. It is located in the east of the krai and borders with Zonalny, Tselinny, Soltonsky, Krasnogorsky, Sovetsky, and Smolensky Districts, as well as with the territory of the City of Biysk. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Biysk (which is not administratively a part of the district). District's population: Title: Khabarovsky District Passage: Khabarovsky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the seventeen in Khabarovsk Krai, Russia. It consists of two unconnected segments separated by the territory of Amursky District, which are located in the southwest of the krai. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Khabarovsk (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population: Title: States of Germany Passage: Local associations of a special kind are an amalgamation of one or more Landkreise with one or more Kreisfreie Städte to form a replacement of the aforementioned administrative entities at the district level. They are intended to implement simplification of administration at that level. Typically, a district-free city or town and its urban hinterland are grouped into such an association, or Kommunalverband besonderer Art. Such an organization requires the issuing of special laws by the governing state, since they are not covered by the normal administrative structure of the respective states. Title: British Empire Passage: Britain retains sovereignty over 14 territories outside the British Isles. In 1983, the British Nationality Act 1981 renamed the existing Crown Colonies as "British Dependent Territories", and in 2002 they were renamed the British Overseas Territories. Three are uninhabited except for transient military or scientific personnel; the remaining eleven are self-governing to varying degrees and are reliant on the UK for foreign relations and defence. The British government has stated its willingness to assist any Overseas Territory that wishes to proceed to independence, where that is an option, and three territories have specifically voted to remain under British sovereignty (Bermuda in 1995, Gibraltar in 2002 and the Falkland Islands in 2013).British sovereignty of several of the overseas territories is disputed by their geographical neighbours: Gibraltar is claimed by Spain, the Falkland Islands and South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands are claimed by Argentina, and the British Indian Ocean Territory is claimed by Mauritius and Seychelles. The British Antarctic Territory is subject to overlapping claims by Argentina and Chile, while many countries do not recognise any territorial claims in Antarctica.Most former British colonies and protectorates are among the 52 member states of the Commonwealth of Nations, a non-political, voluntary association of equal members, comprising a population of around 2.2 billion people. Sixteen Commonwealth realms voluntarily continue to share the British monarch, Queen Elizabeth II, as their head of state. These sixteen nations are distinct and equal legal entities – the United Kingdom, Australia, Canada, New Zealand, Antigua and Barbuda, The Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Grenada, Jamaica, Papua New Guinea, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Solomon Islands and Tuvalu. Title: Geography of the United States Passage: The capital city, Washington, District of Columbia, is a federal district located on land donated by the state of Maryland. (Virginia had also donated land, but it was returned in 1849.) The United States also has overseas territories with varying levels of independence and organization: in the Caribbean the territories of Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands, and in the Pacific the inhabited territories of Guam, American Samoa, and the Northern Mariana Islands, along with a number of uninhabited island territories. Title: Paea Passage: Paea is a commune in the suburbs of Papeete in French Polynesia, an overseas territory of France in the southern Pacific Ocean. Paea is located on the island of Tahiti, in the administrative subdivision of the Windward Islands, themselves part of the Society Islands. At the 2017 census it had a population of 13,021. Title: Aleutian Islands Passage: The Aleutian Islands (Aleut: Tanam Unangaa, literally ``Land of the Aleuts ''; pronounced (/ əˈluːʃən /; possibly from Chukchi aliat,`` island'') are a chain of 14 large volcanic islands and 55 smaller ones belonging to both the U.S. state of Alaska and the Russian federal subject of Kamchatka Krai. They form part of the Aleutian Arc in the Northern Pacific Ocean, occupying an area of 6,821 sq mi (17,666 km) and extending about 1,200 mi (1,900 km) westward from the Alaska Peninsula toward the Kamchatka Peninsula in Russia, and mark a dividing line between the Bering Sea to the north and the Pacific Ocean to the south. Crossing longitude 180 °, at which point east and west longitude end, the archipelago contains both the westernmost part of the United States by longitude (Amatignak Island) and the easternmost by longitude (Semisopochnoi Island). The westernmost U.S. island in real terms, however, is Attu Island, west of which runs the International Date Line. While nearly all the archipelago is part of Alaska and is usually considered as being in the ``Alaskan Bush '', at the extreme western end, the small, geologically related Commander Islands belong to Russia. Title: Ottawa Islands Passage: The Ottawa Islands (Inuit: "Arviliit") are a group of uninhabited islands situated in the eastern edge of Canada's Hudson Bay. The group comprises 24 small islands, located at approximately 60N 80W. The main islands include Booth Island, Bronson Island, Eddy Island, Gilmour Island, J. Gordon Island, Pattee Island, and Perley Island. The highest point is on Gilmour Island, which rises to over . Located a short distance off the northwest coast of Quebec's Ungava Peninsula, they, like the other coastal islands in Hudson Bay, were historically part of the Northwest Territories, and became part of the territory of Nunavut upon its creation in 1999. Title: Guam Passage: The Compacts of Free Association between the United States, the Federated States of Micronesia, the Republic of the Marshall Islands and the Republic of Palau accorded the former entities of the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands a political status of "free association" with the United States. The Compacts give citizens of these island nations generally no restrictions to reside in the United States (also its territories), and many were attracted to Guam due to its proximity, environmental, and cultural familiarity. Over the years, it was claimed by some in Guam that the territory has had to bear the brunt of this agreement in the form of public assistance programs and public education for those from the regions involved, and the federal government should compensate the states and territories affected by this type of migration.[citation needed] Over the years, Congress had appropriated "Compact Impact" aids to Guam, the Northern Mariana Islands and Hawaii, and eventually this appropriation was written into each renewed Compact. Some, however, continue to claim the compensation is not enough or that the distribution of actual compensation received is significantly disproportionate.[citation needed] Title: Ap Lo Chun Passage: Ap Lo Chun () is a small island in the New Territories of Hong Kong. It is located in Ap Chau Bay () between Ap Chau in the east and Sai Ap Chau in the west, with the islet of Ap Tan Pai nearby in the northeast. It is under the administration of North District. Title: Union territory Passage: A union territory is a type of administrative division in the Republic of India. Unlike states, which have their own elected governments, union territories are ruled directly by the Union Government (central government), hence the name ``union territory ''. Union territories in India qualify as federal territories, by definition. Title: Bogotá Passage: Bogotá (/ ˈboʊɡətɑː /, / ˌbɒɡəˈtɑː /, / ˌboʊ - /; Spanish pronunciation: (boɣoˈta) (listen)), officially Bogotá, Distrito Capital, abbreviated Bogotá, D.C., and formerly known as Santafé de Bogotá between 1991 and 2000, is the capital and largest city of Colombia, administered as the Capital District, although often thought of as part of Cundinamarca. Bogotá is a territorial entity of the first order, with the same administrative status as the departments of Colombia. It is the political, economic, administrative, industrial, artistic, cultural, and sports center of the country. Title: Alaska Purchase Passage: The Alaska Purchase (Russian: Продажа Аляски, tr. Prodazha Alyaski) was the United States' acquisition of Alaska from the Russian Empire on March 30, 1867, by a treaty ratified by the United States Senate, and signed by president Andrew Johnson. Title: Greeneville, Tennessee Passage: Greeneville is a town in, and the county seat of Greene County, Tennessee, United States. The population as of the 2010 census was 15,062. The town was named in honor of Revolutionary War hero Nathanael Greene. It is the only town with this spelling in the United States, although there are numerous U.S. towns named "Greenville". The town was the capital of the short-lived State of Franklin in the 18th-century history of the Tennessee region. Title: Eisenhower National Historic Site Passage: Eisenhower National Historic Site preserves the home and farm of Dwight D. Eisenhower, the 34th President of the United States, and its surrounding property of . It is located in Cumberland Township, Adams County, Pennsylvania, just outside Gettysburg. Purchased by then-General Eisenhower and his wife Mamie in 1950, the farm served as a weekend retreat for the President and a meeting place for world leaders, and became the Eisenhowers' home after they left the White House in 1961. Title: Puʻukoholā Heiau National Historic Site Passage: Puukoholā Heiau National Historic Site is a United States National Historic Site located on the northwestern coast of the island of Hawaii. The site preserves the National Historic Landmark ruins of the last major Ancient Hawaiian temple, and other historic sites. Title: Brunei Passage: Brunei ( ), officially the Nation of Brunei, the Abode of Peace (, Jawi: ), is a country located on the north coast of the island of Borneo in Southeast Asia. Apart from its coastline with the South China Sea, the country is completely surrounded by the Malaysian state of Sarawak. It is separated into two parts by the Sarawak district of Limbang. Brunei is the only sovereign state completely on the island of Borneo; the remainder of the island's territory is divided between the nations of Malaysia and Indonesia. Brunei's population was in .	[ "Aleutian Islands", "Greeneville, Tennessee", "Andrew Johnson National Cemetery", "Alaska Purchase" ]
2hop__145808_42255	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Willy Puchner likes to work with old people, creating the projects \"Die 90-jährigen\" (At the Age of 90), \"Dialog mit dem Alter\" (Dialogue with the High Age), \"Die 100-jährigen\" (At the Age of 100), \"Lebensgeschichte und Fotografie\" (Oral History and Photography) and \"Liebe im Alter\" (Love at High Age).", "title": "Willy Puchner" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Die Hoërskool Menlopark (Menlo Park High School) is a public Afrikaans medium co-educational high school located in Menlo Park, Pretoria, in the Gauteng province of South Africa. Learners are known as \"Parkies\".", "title": "Hoërskool Menlopark" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Baraque Michel () is a locality in the municipality Jalhay, in the High Fens, eastern Belgium. Before the annexation of the Eastern Cantons by Belgium in 1919, it was the highest point of Belgium. Now it is the third highest point at , after the nearby Signal de Botrange () and the Weißer Stein ().", "title": "Baraque Michel" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Warsaw lies in east-central Poland about 300 km (190 mi) from the Carpathian Mountains and about 260 km (160 mi) from the Baltic Sea, 523 km (325 mi) east of Berlin, Germany. The city straddles the Vistula River. It is located in the heartland of the Masovian Plain, and its average elevation is 100 metres (330 ft) above sea level. The highest point on the left side of the city lies at a height of 115.7 metres (379.6 ft) (\"Redutowa\" bus depot, district of Wola), on the right side – 122.1 metres (400.6 ft) (\"Groszówka\" estate, district of Wesoła, by the eastern border). The lowest point lies at a height 75.6 metres (248.0 ft) (at the right bank of the Vistula, by the eastern border of Warsaw). There are some hills (mostly artificial) located within the confines of the city – e.g. Warsaw Uprising Hill (121 metres (397.0 ft)), Szczęśliwice hill (138 metres (452.8 ft) – the highest point of Warsaw in general).", "title": "Warsaw" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Elk Lick Township is a township in Somerset County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 2,293 at the 2000 census. Mount Davis, the highest point in Pennsylvania, is located within the township.", "title": "Elk Lick Township, Somerset County, Pennsylvania" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Sublett Range High Point, at above sea level is the highest peak in the Sublett Range of Power County in southern Idaho. Sublett Range High Point is located in the east-central part of the range north of Snowville, Utah, and east of Malta, Idaho, and south of American Falls, Idaho in the Sublett Division of the Minidoka Ranger District of Sawtooth National Forest.", "title": "Sublett Range High Point" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Monniaz is a village in the municipality of Jussy in Switzerland. At 513 metres it is highest place in the canton of Geneva and also its easternmost village. The highest point of the canton (516 m) is located north of Monniaz, near Les Arales (French border). It is also the lowest of the cantons' high points.", "title": "Monniaz" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "East Sister is the highest independent mountain completely within Lyon County in Nevada, United States. It is located within the Sweetwater Mountains just a short distance north of the highest point in Lyon County on the northeast ridge of Middle Sister. The peak is within the Humboldt-Toiyabe National Forest.", "title": "East Sister (Nevada)" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Mount Geoffrey Regional Nature Park is regional park in British Columbia, Canada, located on Hornby Island. It covers an area of , including the summit of Mount Geoffrey, the highest point on the island.", "title": "Mount Geoffrey Regional Nature Park" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The highest point in the state is Clingmans Dome at 6,643 feet (2,025 m). Clingmans Dome, which lies on Tennessee's eastern border, is the highest point on the Appalachian Trail, and is the third highest peak in the United States east of the Mississippi River. The state line between Tennessee and North Carolina crosses the summit. The state's lowest point is the Mississippi River at the Mississippi state line (the lowest point in Memphis, nearby, is at 195 ft (59 m)). The geographical center of the state is located in Murfreesboro.", "title": "Tennessee" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Mons Huygens is the Moon's tallest mountain (but not its highest point). It is about high and is located in the Montes Apenninus. Adjacent to the west is Mons Ampère. The Montes Apenninus were formed by the impact that created Mare Imbrium. The mountain was named after the Dutch astronomer, mathematician and physician Christiaan Huygens.", "title": "Mons Huygens" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In 1990 Poland's large steel plant in Kraków (formerly the Lenin Steelworks) was renamed to Tadeusz Sendzimir Steelworks. The AIST Tadeusz Sendzimir Memorial Medal was established in the same year.", "title": "Tadeusz Sendzimir" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Thabana Ntlenyana, which literally means \"Beautiful little mountain\" in Sesotho, is the highest point in Lesotho and the highest mountain in southern Africa. It is situated on the Mohlesi ridge of the Drakensberg/Maloti Mountains, north of Sani Pass. It stands at high.", "title": "Thabana Ntlenyana" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Abul Kasim is a mountain in southeastern Ethiopia. Located in the Arsi Zone of the Oromia Region, this mountain has an elevation of above sea level. It is the highest point in Seru woreda.", "title": "Abul Kasim (mountain)" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Tadeusz Kuntze (also Taddeo Kuntze or Taddeo Polacco) was the pseudonym of the Silesian painter Tadeusz Konicz (3 October 1733 – 8 May 1793), who was active in Kraków, in Paris, in Spain and in Rome.", "title": "Tadeusz Kuntze" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Mwanda Peak is the highest topographical point in the border of Zambia. It is located near the border with Malawi in the thin northeastern arm of Eastern Province, and sits in the Nyika Plateau.", "title": "Mwanda Peak" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Selapiu Island is an island of Papua New Guinea, located immediately south of the corner of New Hanover Island. According to the United States Naval Oceanographic Office, a \"cylindrical concrete beacon, surmounted by a pole and a square, high, marks the south edge of the reef that extends from the east extremity of Selapiu Island.\" Its highest point is .", "title": "Selapiu Island" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Mount Longhurst () is a prominent mountain, high, standing west of Mill Mountain and forming the highest point of Festive Plateau in the Cook Mountains of Antarctica. It was discovered by the British National Antarctic Expedition (1901–04) and named for Cyril Longhurst, secretary of the expedition.", "title": "Mount Longhurst" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Tadeusz Puszczyński (\"nom de guerre\": \"Konrad Wawelberg\"; February 2, 1895 in Piotrków Trybunalski – February 24, 1939 in Warsaw) was a Polish military intelligence officer who commanded the Polish General Staff's Destruction Group during the Third Silesian Uprising.", "title": "Tadeusz Puszczyński" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Mount Grafton is the high point of the southern section of the Schell Creek Range in southern White Pine County, in eastern Nevada in the western United States. The summit is located south of the community of Ely. The south ridge crosses into Lincoln County, making it that county's highest point at .", "title": "Mount Grafton" } ]	How high is the highest point in the place where Tadeusz Puszczyński died?	115.7 metres	[]	Title: Mount Grafton Passage: Mount Grafton is the high point of the southern section of the Schell Creek Range in southern White Pine County, in eastern Nevada in the western United States. The summit is located south of the community of Ely. The south ridge crosses into Lincoln County, making it that county's highest point at . Title: Warsaw Passage: Warsaw lies in east-central Poland about 300 km (190 mi) from the Carpathian Mountains and about 260 km (160 mi) from the Baltic Sea, 523 km (325 mi) east of Berlin, Germany. The city straddles the Vistula River. It is located in the heartland of the Masovian Plain, and its average elevation is 100 metres (330 ft) above sea level. The highest point on the left side of the city lies at a height of 115.7 metres (379.6 ft) ("Redutowa" bus depot, district of Wola), on the right side – 122.1 metres (400.6 ft) ("Groszówka" estate, district of Wesoła, by the eastern border). The lowest point lies at a height 75.6 metres (248.0 ft) (at the right bank of the Vistula, by the eastern border of Warsaw). There are some hills (mostly artificial) located within the confines of the city – e.g. Warsaw Uprising Hill (121 metres (397.0 ft)), Szczęśliwice hill (138 metres (452.8 ft) – the highest point of Warsaw in general). Title: Mons Huygens Passage: Mons Huygens is the Moon's tallest mountain (but not its highest point). It is about high and is located in the Montes Apenninus. Adjacent to the west is Mons Ampère. The Montes Apenninus were formed by the impact that created Mare Imbrium. The mountain was named after the Dutch astronomer, mathematician and physician Christiaan Huygens. Title: Abul Kasim (mountain) Passage: Abul Kasim is a mountain in southeastern Ethiopia. Located in the Arsi Zone of the Oromia Region, this mountain has an elevation of above sea level. It is the highest point in Seru woreda. Title: Thabana Ntlenyana Passage: Thabana Ntlenyana, which literally means "Beautiful little mountain" in Sesotho, is the highest point in Lesotho and the highest mountain in southern Africa. It is situated on the Mohlesi ridge of the Drakensberg/Maloti Mountains, north of Sani Pass. It stands at high. Title: Tadeusz Kuntze Passage: Tadeusz Kuntze (also Taddeo Kuntze or Taddeo Polacco) was the pseudonym of the Silesian painter Tadeusz Konicz (3 October 1733 – 8 May 1793), who was active in Kraków, in Paris, in Spain and in Rome. Title: Tennessee Passage: The highest point in the state is Clingmans Dome at 6,643 feet (2,025 m). Clingmans Dome, which lies on Tennessee's eastern border, is the highest point on the Appalachian Trail, and is the third highest peak in the United States east of the Mississippi River. The state line between Tennessee and North Carolina crosses the summit. The state's lowest point is the Mississippi River at the Mississippi state line (the lowest point in Memphis, nearby, is at 195 ft (59 m)). The geographical center of the state is located in Murfreesboro. Title: Hoërskool Menlopark Passage: Die Hoërskool Menlopark (Menlo Park High School) is a public Afrikaans medium co-educational high school located in Menlo Park, Pretoria, in the Gauteng province of South Africa. Learners are known as "Parkies". Title: Selapiu Island Passage: Selapiu Island is an island of Papua New Guinea, located immediately south of the corner of New Hanover Island. According to the United States Naval Oceanographic Office, a "cylindrical concrete beacon, surmounted by a pole and a square, high, marks the south edge of the reef that extends from the east extremity of Selapiu Island." Its highest point is . Title: East Sister (Nevada) Passage: East Sister is the highest independent mountain completely within Lyon County in Nevada, United States. It is located within the Sweetwater Mountains just a short distance north of the highest point in Lyon County on the northeast ridge of Middle Sister. The peak is within the Humboldt-Toiyabe National Forest. Title: Willy Puchner Passage: Willy Puchner likes to work with old people, creating the projects "Die 90-jährigen" (At the Age of 90), "Dialog mit dem Alter" (Dialogue with the High Age), "Die 100-jährigen" (At the Age of 100), "Lebensgeschichte und Fotografie" (Oral History and Photography) and "Liebe im Alter" (Love at High Age). Title: Baraque Michel Passage: The Baraque Michel () is a locality in the municipality Jalhay, in the High Fens, eastern Belgium. Before the annexation of the Eastern Cantons by Belgium in 1919, it was the highest point of Belgium. Now it is the third highest point at , after the nearby Signal de Botrange () and the Weißer Stein (). Title: Mount Geoffrey Regional Nature Park Passage: Mount Geoffrey Regional Nature Park is regional park in British Columbia, Canada, located on Hornby Island. It covers an area of , including the summit of Mount Geoffrey, the highest point on the island. Title: Elk Lick Township, Somerset County, Pennsylvania Passage: Elk Lick Township is a township in Somerset County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 2,293 at the 2000 census. Mount Davis, the highest point in Pennsylvania, is located within the township. Title: Tadeusz Sendzimir Passage: In 1990 Poland's large steel plant in Kraków (formerly the Lenin Steelworks) was renamed to Tadeusz Sendzimir Steelworks. The AIST Tadeusz Sendzimir Memorial Medal was established in the same year. Title: Monniaz Passage: Monniaz is a village in the municipality of Jussy in Switzerland. At 513 metres it is highest place in the canton of Geneva and also its easternmost village. The highest point of the canton (516 m) is located north of Monniaz, near Les Arales (French border). It is also the lowest of the cantons' high points. Title: Sublett Range High Point Passage: Sublett Range High Point, at above sea level is the highest peak in the Sublett Range of Power County in southern Idaho. Sublett Range High Point is located in the east-central part of the range north of Snowville, Utah, and east of Malta, Idaho, and south of American Falls, Idaho in the Sublett Division of the Minidoka Ranger District of Sawtooth National Forest. Title: Mount Longhurst Passage: Mount Longhurst () is a prominent mountain, high, standing west of Mill Mountain and forming the highest point of Festive Plateau in the Cook Mountains of Antarctica. It was discovered by the British National Antarctic Expedition (1901–04) and named for Cyril Longhurst, secretary of the expedition. Title: Mwanda Peak Passage: Mwanda Peak is the highest topographical point in the border of Zambia. It is located near the border with Malawi in the thin northeastern arm of Eastern Province, and sits in the Nyika Plateau. Title: Tadeusz Puszczyński Passage: Tadeusz Puszczyński ("nom de guerre": "Konrad Wawelberg"; February 2, 1895 in Piotrków Trybunalski – February 24, 1939 in Warsaw) was a Polish military intelligence officer who commanded the Polish General Staff's Destruction Group during the Third Silesian Uprising.	[ "Warsaw", "Tadeusz Puszczyński" ]
3hop1__129307_85073_69925	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Golden Nugget was originally built in 1946, making it one of the oldest casinos in the city. Jackie Gaughan at one time owned a stake in the hotel as part of his many downtown properties. Steve Wynn bought a stake in the Nugget, which he increased so that, in 1973, he became the majority shareholder, and the youngest casino owner in Las Vegas. In 1977 he opened the first hotel tower and the resort earned its first four diamond rating from Mobil Travel Guide. It was the foundation for Wynn's rise to prominence in the casino industry. The second hotel tower opened in 1984 along with the showroom, and the third tower was opened in 1989. In 2000, the Golden Nugget (and all of Mirage Resorts' other properties) was sold to MGM Grand, Inc. (later named MGM Mirage).", "title": "Golden Nugget Las Vegas" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Landau is a large lunar impact crater that is located in the northern hemisphere on the far side of the Moon. It was named after physicist Lev Landau. The crater Wegener is attached to the northeastern rim. Attached to the southeastern rim is Frost.", "title": "Landau (crater)" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Sawtooth Range is a small mountain range in southeastern Alaska, United States, located just southwest of Warm Pass and on the north side of the East Fork of the Skagway River. It has an area of 97 km and is a subrange of the Boundary Ranges which in turn form part of the Coast Mountains.", "title": "Sawtooth Range (Alaska)" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "La Grande Vitesse, a public sculpture by American artist Alexander Calder, is located on the large concrete plaza surrounding City Hall and the Kent County Building in Grand Rapids, Michigan, United States. Popularly referred to as simply \"the Calder\", since its installation in 1969 it has come to be a symbol of Grand Rapids, and an abstraction of it is included in the city's official logo.", "title": "La Grande Vitesse" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Badshot Range is a subrange of the Duncan Ranges of the Selkirk Mountains of the Columbia Mountains in southeastern British Columbia, Canada, located west of Duncan Lake and Westfall River east of Trout Lake.", "title": "Badshot Range" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "O'Donnell Heights is a neighborhood named for a public housing development in the far southeastern part of the city of Baltimore, Maryland, United States. It is located south and east of Interstate 95, just west of the border with Baltimore County, and north of the St. Helena neighborhood.", "title": "O'Donnell Heights, Baltimore" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Rousseau Range is a small mountain range in southeastern Alaska, United States, located just north of the Peabody Mountains. It has an area of 264 km and is a subrange of the Boundary Ranges which in turn form part of the Coast Mountains. The range is located entirely within Misty Fjords National Monument.", "title": "Rousseau Range" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Round Mountain, one of three peaks of the same name in the region, is a mountain located on the Main Range of the Snowy Mountains, part of the Great Dividing Range, in southeastern New South Wales, Australia.", "title": "Round Mountain (Snowy Mountains)" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Pieck Range () is a short mountain range surmounted by Zwiesel Mountain, located at the east side of Humboldt Graben in the Petermann Ranges, Wohlthat Mountains in Antarctica.", "title": "Pieck Range" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Columbia Point is a high mountain summit of the Crestones in the Sangre de Cristo Range of the Rocky Mountains of North America. The thirteener is located east by south (bearing 102°) of the Town of Crestone in Saguache County, Colorado, United States. The Crestones are a cluster of high summits in the Sangre de Cristo Range, comprising Crestone Peak, Crestone Needle, Kit Carson Peak, Challenger Point, Humboldt Peak, and Columbia Point.", "title": "Columbia Point" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Fox Creek Range is a mountain range in Elko County, Nevada, United States. It is mostly contained within the Jarbidge Ranger District of the Humboldt-Toiyabe National Forest. The range is considered to be a sub-range of the Jarbidge Mountains.", "title": "Fox Creek Range" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Lake Humboldt or Humboldt Lake is an endorheic basin lake in northern Churchill County and southern Pershing County in the state of Nevada in the United States. The lake has the name of Alexander von Humboldt, a German natural scientist.", "title": "Lake Humboldt" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Humboldt Range is a largely north-south running range of mountains in northwest Nevada, USA, that extend from the town of Imlay in the north to the junction with the West Humboldt Range in the south. It is bordered continuously by Interstate 80 and the Humboldt River, largely expanded in the form of the Rye Patch Reservoir in this area, on the west side and by a long and fairly broad Buena Vista Valley to the east, in a typical basin-and-range pattern. The Humboldts are ostensibly visible to travelers along Interstate 80, especially with respect to the highest point of the range, Star Peak, which with a quite nicely defined tip reaches an elevation of 9,836 feet (2,998 m), located in the center of the north range section. The midpoint of the range is in the area of Fourth of July Flat. The Humboldt Range is also noteworthy for having a famous historical town at its base on the eastern side called Unionville, which, for a brief period, was home to Samuel Clemens. Another historical site, now a ghost town, nearby is called Star City. Unlike some ranges in the vicinity, the substantial height of the Humboldts allows for a number of continuously flowing watersheds, and hiking the terrain is a somewhat noted activity.", "title": "Humboldt Range" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "New York City is situated in the Northeastern United States, in southeastern New York State, approximately halfway between Washington, D.C. and Boston. The location at the mouth of the Hudson River, which feeds into a naturally sheltered harbor and then into the Atlantic Ocean, has helped the city grow in significance as a trading port. Most of New York City is built on the three islands of Long Island, Manhattan, and Staten Island.", "title": "New York City" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "When the latest MGM Grand opened on December 18, 1993, it was owned by MGM Grand Inc. At that time it had an extensive Wizard of Oz theme, including the green ``Emerald City ''color of the building and the decorative use of Wizard of Oz memorabilia. After entering the casino's main entrance, one would find themselves in the Oz Casino facing Emerald City. Dorothy, the Scarecrow, the Tin Man, and the Cowardly Lion were seen in front of the city. The Emerald City attraction featured an elaborate yellow brick road walk - through, complete with the cornfield, apple orchard, and haunted forest, as well as audio - animatronic figures of Dorothy, the Scarecrow, the Tin Man, the Cowardly Lion, and the Wicked Witch of the West. It would end at the door of the city, leading inside for a performance of`` The Wizard's Secrets''. When MGM Grand began its extensive refurbishment in 1996, the Oz Casino was the first to go. The Emerald City was completely demolished, and the Emerald City Gift Shop was moved to a new shopping section of the casino. The store remained open until early 2003.", "title": "MGM Grand Las Vegas" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "A major part of Southern Nevada's economy is based on tourism, including gambling. The primary drivers of the Las Vegas economy have been the confluence of tourism, gaming, and conventions which in turn feed the retail and dining industries. The city serves as world headquarters for the world's two largest Fortune 500 gaming companies, Harrah's Entertainment and MGM Mirage.", "title": "Southern Nevada" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Granite Peak is the highest mountain in both the Santa Rosa Range and Humboldt County, in Nevada, United States. It is the eighteenth-most topographically prominent peak in the state. The peak is located within the Santa Rosa Ranger District of the Humboldt-Toiyabe National Forest, about 12 miles north of the small town of Paradise Valley and 23 miles southeast of the small town of McDermitt. It is the highest mountain for over 80 miles in all directions.", "title": "Granite Peak (Humboldt County, Nevada)" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Humboldt Township is one of twelve townships in Humboldt County, Iowa, USA. As of the 2000 census, its population was 624. Despite its name, the township does not contain the City of Humboldt.", "title": "Humboldt Township, Humboldt County, Iowa" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Wild Horse Range is a mountain range in Elko County, Nevada, United States, northwest of the Owyhee River's Wild Horse Reservoir. It is contained within the Mountain City Ranger District of the Humboldt-Toiyabe National Forest. The range is considered to be a sub-range of the Jarbidge Mountains.", "title": "Wild Horse Range" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Bruneau Range is a mountain range in Elko County, Nevada, United States. It is contained within the Mountain City Ranger District of the Humboldt-Toiyabe National Forest. The range is considered to be a sub-range of the Jarbidge Mountains.", "title": "Bruneau Range" } ]	When was the MGM Grand built in the largest city in the southeastern part of the state where Humboldt Range is located?	December 18, 1993	[]	Title: Rousseau Range Passage: The Rousseau Range is a small mountain range in southeastern Alaska, United States, located just north of the Peabody Mountains. It has an area of 264 km and is a subrange of the Boundary Ranges which in turn form part of the Coast Mountains. The range is located entirely within Misty Fjords National Monument. Title: Pieck Range Passage: Pieck Range () is a short mountain range surmounted by Zwiesel Mountain, located at the east side of Humboldt Graben in the Petermann Ranges, Wohlthat Mountains in Antarctica. Title: Golden Nugget Las Vegas Passage: The Golden Nugget was originally built in 1946, making it one of the oldest casinos in the city. Jackie Gaughan at one time owned a stake in the hotel as part of his many downtown properties. Steve Wynn bought a stake in the Nugget, which he increased so that, in 1973, he became the majority shareholder, and the youngest casino owner in Las Vegas. In 1977 he opened the first hotel tower and the resort earned its first four diamond rating from Mobil Travel Guide. It was the foundation for Wynn's rise to prominence in the casino industry. The second hotel tower opened in 1984 along with the showroom, and the third tower was opened in 1989. In 2000, the Golden Nugget (and all of Mirage Resorts' other properties) was sold to MGM Grand, Inc. (later named MGM Mirage). Title: La Grande Vitesse Passage: La Grande Vitesse, a public sculpture by American artist Alexander Calder, is located on the large concrete plaza surrounding City Hall and the Kent County Building in Grand Rapids, Michigan, United States. Popularly referred to as simply "the Calder", since its installation in 1969 it has come to be a symbol of Grand Rapids, and an abstraction of it is included in the city's official logo. Title: Humboldt Range Passage: The Humboldt Range is a largely north-south running range of mountains in northwest Nevada, USA, that extend from the town of Imlay in the north to the junction with the West Humboldt Range in the south. It is bordered continuously by Interstate 80 and the Humboldt River, largely expanded in the form of the Rye Patch Reservoir in this area, on the west side and by a long and fairly broad Buena Vista Valley to the east, in a typical basin-and-range pattern. The Humboldts are ostensibly visible to travelers along Interstate 80, especially with respect to the highest point of the range, Star Peak, which with a quite nicely defined tip reaches an elevation of 9,836 feet (2,998 m), located in the center of the north range section. The midpoint of the range is in the area of Fourth of July Flat. The Humboldt Range is also noteworthy for having a famous historical town at its base on the eastern side called Unionville, which, for a brief period, was home to Samuel Clemens. Another historical site, now a ghost town, nearby is called Star City. Unlike some ranges in the vicinity, the substantial height of the Humboldts allows for a number of continuously flowing watersheds, and hiking the terrain is a somewhat noted activity. Title: Round Mountain (Snowy Mountains) Passage: The Round Mountain, one of three peaks of the same name in the region, is a mountain located on the Main Range of the Snowy Mountains, part of the Great Dividing Range, in southeastern New South Wales, Australia. Title: O'Donnell Heights, Baltimore Passage: O'Donnell Heights is a neighborhood named for a public housing development in the far southeastern part of the city of Baltimore, Maryland, United States. It is located south and east of Interstate 95, just west of the border with Baltimore County, and north of the St. Helena neighborhood. Title: New York City Passage: New York City is situated in the Northeastern United States, in southeastern New York State, approximately halfway between Washington, D.C. and Boston. The location at the mouth of the Hudson River, which feeds into a naturally sheltered harbor and then into the Atlantic Ocean, has helped the city grow in significance as a trading port. Most of New York City is built on the three islands of Long Island, Manhattan, and Staten Island. Title: Lake Humboldt Passage: Lake Humboldt or Humboldt Lake is an endorheic basin lake in northern Churchill County and southern Pershing County in the state of Nevada in the United States. The lake has the name of Alexander von Humboldt, a German natural scientist. Title: Granite Peak (Humboldt County, Nevada) Passage: Granite Peak is the highest mountain in both the Santa Rosa Range and Humboldt County, in Nevada, United States. It is the eighteenth-most topographically prominent peak in the state. The peak is located within the Santa Rosa Ranger District of the Humboldt-Toiyabe National Forest, about 12 miles north of the small town of Paradise Valley and 23 miles southeast of the small town of McDermitt. It is the highest mountain for over 80 miles in all directions. Title: Humboldt Township, Humboldt County, Iowa Passage: Humboldt Township is one of twelve townships in Humboldt County, Iowa, USA. As of the 2000 census, its population was 624. Despite its name, the township does not contain the City of Humboldt. Title: Columbia Point Passage: Columbia Point is a high mountain summit of the Crestones in the Sangre de Cristo Range of the Rocky Mountains of North America. The thirteener is located east by south (bearing 102°) of the Town of Crestone in Saguache County, Colorado, United States. The Crestones are a cluster of high summits in the Sangre de Cristo Range, comprising Crestone Peak, Crestone Needle, Kit Carson Peak, Challenger Point, Humboldt Peak, and Columbia Point. Title: Bruneau Range Passage: The Bruneau Range is a mountain range in Elko County, Nevada, United States. It is contained within the Mountain City Ranger District of the Humboldt-Toiyabe National Forest. The range is considered to be a sub-range of the Jarbidge Mountains. Title: Badshot Range Passage: The Badshot Range is a subrange of the Duncan Ranges of the Selkirk Mountains of the Columbia Mountains in southeastern British Columbia, Canada, located west of Duncan Lake and Westfall River east of Trout Lake. Title: Fox Creek Range Passage: The Fox Creek Range is a mountain range in Elko County, Nevada, United States. It is mostly contained within the Jarbidge Ranger District of the Humboldt-Toiyabe National Forest. The range is considered to be a sub-range of the Jarbidge Mountains. Title: Sawtooth Range (Alaska) Passage: The Sawtooth Range is a small mountain range in southeastern Alaska, United States, located just southwest of Warm Pass and on the north side of the East Fork of the Skagway River. It has an area of 97 km and is a subrange of the Boundary Ranges which in turn form part of the Coast Mountains. Title: Wild Horse Range Passage: The Wild Horse Range is a mountain range in Elko County, Nevada, United States, northwest of the Owyhee River's Wild Horse Reservoir. It is contained within the Mountain City Ranger District of the Humboldt-Toiyabe National Forest. The range is considered to be a sub-range of the Jarbidge Mountains. Title: MGM Grand Las Vegas Passage: When the latest MGM Grand opened on December 18, 1993, it was owned by MGM Grand Inc. At that time it had an extensive Wizard of Oz theme, including the green ``Emerald City ''color of the building and the decorative use of Wizard of Oz memorabilia. After entering the casino's main entrance, one would find themselves in the Oz Casino facing Emerald City. Dorothy, the Scarecrow, the Tin Man, and the Cowardly Lion were seen in front of the city. The Emerald City attraction featured an elaborate yellow brick road walk - through, complete with the cornfield, apple orchard, and haunted forest, as well as audio - animatronic figures of Dorothy, the Scarecrow, the Tin Man, the Cowardly Lion, and the Wicked Witch of the West. It would end at the door of the city, leading inside for a performance of`` The Wizard's Secrets''. When MGM Grand began its extensive refurbishment in 1996, the Oz Casino was the first to go. The Emerald City was completely demolished, and the Emerald City Gift Shop was moved to a new shopping section of the casino. The store remained open until early 2003. Title: Landau (crater) Passage: Landau is a large lunar impact crater that is located in the northern hemisphere on the far side of the Moon. It was named after physicist Lev Landau. The crater Wegener is attached to the northeastern rim. Attached to the southeastern rim is Frost. Title: Southern Nevada Passage: A major part of Southern Nevada's economy is based on tourism, including gambling. The primary drivers of the Las Vegas economy have been the confluence of tourism, gaming, and conventions which in turn feed the retail and dining industries. The city serves as world headquarters for the world's two largest Fortune 500 gaming companies, Harrah's Entertainment and MGM Mirage.	[ "Humboldt Range", "MGM Grand Las Vegas", "Southern Nevada" ]
2hop__350189_77980	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The University of New England (UNE) is a public university in Australia with approximately 22,500 higher education students. Its original and main campus is located in the city of Armidale in northern central New South Wales. UNE was the first Australian university established outside a state capital city.", "title": "University of New England (Australia)" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Paul M. Dorman High School is a high school located in Roebuck, South Carolina, United States. The school is part of Spartanburg County School District Six. It consists of a main campus for 10th-12th graders and a separate campus for 9th graders, and a College, Career, and Fine Arts Center. The center features an auditorium, multiple classrooms, an art gallery, kitchen, student center, and computer labs. The campus is located at the intersection of Interstate 26 and Highway 221 in Spartanburg County.", "title": "Paul M. Dorman High School" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The University of Kansas School of Business is a public business school located on the main campus of the University of Kansas in Lawrence, Kansas. The KU School of Business was founded in 1924 and currently has more than 80 faculty members and approximately 1500 students.", "title": "University of Kansas" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Cossatot Community College of the University of Arkansas (CCCUA) is a public community college serving southwest Arkansas. Its main campus is located in the foothills of the Ouachita Mountains in De Queen, Arkansas.", "title": "Cossatot Community College" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Otto's Pub & Brewery is a brewpub in State College, Pennsylvania, USA. It first opened in 2002 and has been at its current location since 2010. It is located approximately three miles from the main campus of the Pennsylvania State University.", "title": "Otto's Pub & Brewery" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Pennsylvania State University (commonly referred to as Penn State or PSU) is a state - related, land - grant, doctoral university with campuses and facilities throughout Pennsylvania. Founded in 1855, the university has a stated threefold mission of teaching, research, and public service. Its instructional mission includes undergraduate, graduate, professional and continuing education offered through resident instruction and online delivery. Its University Park campus, the flagship campus, lies within the Borough of State College and College Township. It has two law schools: Penn State Law, on the school's University Park campus, and Dickinson Law, located in Carlisle, 90 miles south of State College. The College of Medicine is located in Hershey. Penn State has another 19 commonwealth campuses and 5 special mission campuses located across the state. Penn State has been labeled one of the ``Public Ivies, ''a publicly funded university considered as providing a quality of education comparable to those of the Ivy League.", "title": "Pennsylvania State University" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Graduating from Brentwood High School in 1980, he played college football at Penn State University, where he was an Academic All-American in 1982. His brother Keith also played at Penn State and in the NFL for the St. Louis Cardinals in 1987.", "title": "Scott Radecic" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Humphrey Center, also known as Old Main, is an historic building located on the campus of Grand View University in Des Moines, Iowa, United States. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1978.", "title": "Humphrey Center" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Academy Building (Gorham Academy or Gorham Seminary) is an historic building located on the campus of the University of Southern Maine (USM) in Gorham, Maine, United States. Built in 1806 to house the Gorham Academy, it was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1973 for its fine Federal period architecture and its importance in local education.", "title": "Academy Building (University of Southern Maine)" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Dalian University of Technology (DUT) (), colloquially known in Chinese as Dàgōng (大工), is a public research university located in Dalian (main campus) and Panjin in Liaoning province, China. Formerly called the Dalian Institute of Technology, DUT is renowned as one of the Big Four Institutes of Technology in China. It is a Chinese Ministry of Education Class A Double First Class University, and one of the national key universities administered directly under the Ministry of Education.", "title": "Dalian University of Technology" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Bourgade Catholic High School is a diocesan, co-educational Roman Catholic high school in Phoenix, Arizona, United States. It is located in the Roman Catholic Diocese of Phoenix. It is a 27-acre campus located at 4602 N. 31st Avenue, just west of Interstate 17, and several miles from downtown Phoenix.", "title": "Bourgade Catholic High School" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Northwestern was founded in 1851 by John Evans, for whom the City of Evanston is named, and eight other lawyers, businessmen and Methodist leaders. Its founding purpose was to serve the Northwest Territory, an area that today includes the states of Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Michigan, Wisconsin and parts of Minnesota. Instruction began in 1855; women were admitted in 1869. Today, the main campus is a 240-acre (97 ha) parcel in Evanston, along the shores of Lake Michigan just 12 miles north of downtown Chicago. The university's law, medical, and professional schools are located on a 25-acre (10 ha) campus in Chicago's Streeterville neighborhood. In 2008, the university opened a campus in Education City, Doha, Qatar with programs in journalism and communication.", "title": "Northwestern University" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "GSS Institute of Technology (GSSIT), is a private co-educational engineering college approved by the All India Council of Technical Education affiliated to Visweswaraiah Technological University established in 2004 and managed by H.R Charitable Trust. The campus is located on a hilly , surrounded by a green plantation, on the Byrohalli-Kengeri main road on the southwestern edge of Bangalore City. It is situated in Bangalore in Karnataka state, India. GSSIT is recognized as a Research Centre by Visvesvaraya Technological University (VTU).", "title": "GSS Institute of Technology" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The University of Waterloo (commonly referred to as Waterloo, UW, or UWaterloo) is a public research university with a main campus in Waterloo, Ontario, Canada. The main campus is on of land adjacent to \"Uptown\" Waterloo and Waterloo Park. The university offers academic programs administered by six faculties and ten faculty-based schools. The university also operates three satellite campuses and four affiliated university colleges. Waterloo is a member of the U15, a group of research-intensive universities in Canada. The University of Waterloo is most famous for its cooperative education (co-op) programs, which allow the students to integrate their education with applicable work experiences. The university operates the largest post-secondary co-operative education program in the world, with over 20,000 undergraduate students in over 140 co-operative education programs.", "title": "University of Waterloo" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Baptist Health Training Facility at Nova Southeastern University, formerly the Miami Dolphins Training Facility, is located on the Nova Southeastern University main campus in Davie, Florida. It is the headquarters location for the Miami Dolphins, as well as a location for frequent special events.", "title": "Miami Dolphins Training Facility" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The KU School of Engineering is an ABET accredited, public engineering school located on the main campus. The School of Engineering was officially founded in 1891, although engineering degrees were awarded as early as 1873.", "title": "University of Kansas" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Eastern Samar State University is a state university in the Philippines with main campus located in Borongan, Eastern Samar. It has a satellite campus in Maydolong, Eastern Samar.", "title": "Eastern Samar State University" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Several universities located outside Boston have a major presence in the city. Harvard University, the nation's oldest institute of higher education, is centered across the Charles River in Cambridge but has the majority of its land holdings and a substantial amount of its educational activities in Boston. Its business, medical, dental, and public health schools are located in Boston's Allston and Longwood neighborhoods. Harvard has plans for additional expansion into Allston. The Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), which originated in Boston and was long known as \"Boston Tech\", moved across the river to Cambridge in 1916. Tufts University, whose main campus is north of the city in Somerville and Medford, locates its medical and dental school in Boston's Chinatown at Tufts Medical Center, a 451-bed academic medical institution that is home to both a full-service hospital for adults and the Floating Hospital for Children.", "title": "Boston" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Children's of Alabama is a pediatric health system in Birmingham, Alabama. The system's main hospital is located on the city's Southside, with additional outpatient facilities and primary care centers throughout central Alabama. The addition of the Benjamin Russell Hospital for Children to the main campus created the 'Russell campus', and makes it the third largest children's hospital in the United States. It is home to the University of Alabama at Birmingham's pediatric residency program, giving it some traits of a teaching hospital. The hospital was founded in 1911.", "title": "Children's of Alabama" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Grace Lutheran College (GLC), founded in 1978, is a co-educational, private high school based in Rothwell and Caboolture in Queensland, Australia. Grace Lutheran Primary School is located in Clontarf, approximately a 10-minute drive from the main Grace College Campus at Rothwell. The current Principal is David Radke, who took up the post in 2017 after the school's second Principal, Ruth Butler, retired. The college's enrolment at the start of the 2011 school year was over 1800.", "title": "Grace Lutheran College" } ]	Where is the main campus of the school where Scott Radecic was educated located?	within the Borough of State College and College Township	[ "State College, Pennsylvania", "State College" ]	Title: University of New England (Australia) Passage: The University of New England (UNE) is a public university in Australia with approximately 22,500 higher education students. Its original and main campus is located in the city of Armidale in northern central New South Wales. UNE was the first Australian university established outside a state capital city. Title: Eastern Samar State University Passage: The Eastern Samar State University is a state university in the Philippines with main campus located in Borongan, Eastern Samar. It has a satellite campus in Maydolong, Eastern Samar. Title: Humphrey Center Passage: The Humphrey Center, also known as Old Main, is an historic building located on the campus of Grand View University in Des Moines, Iowa, United States. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1978. Title: Bourgade Catholic High School Passage: Bourgade Catholic High School is a diocesan, co-educational Roman Catholic high school in Phoenix, Arizona, United States. It is located in the Roman Catholic Diocese of Phoenix. It is a 27-acre campus located at 4602 N. 31st Avenue, just west of Interstate 17, and several miles from downtown Phoenix. Title: Children's of Alabama Passage: Children's of Alabama is a pediatric health system in Birmingham, Alabama. The system's main hospital is located on the city's Southside, with additional outpatient facilities and primary care centers throughout central Alabama. The addition of the Benjamin Russell Hospital for Children to the main campus created the 'Russell campus', and makes it the third largest children's hospital in the United States. It is home to the University of Alabama at Birmingham's pediatric residency program, giving it some traits of a teaching hospital. The hospital was founded in 1911. Title: University of Waterloo Passage: The University of Waterloo (commonly referred to as Waterloo, UW, or UWaterloo) is a public research university with a main campus in Waterloo, Ontario, Canada. The main campus is on of land adjacent to "Uptown" Waterloo and Waterloo Park. The university offers academic programs administered by six faculties and ten faculty-based schools. The university also operates three satellite campuses and four affiliated university colleges. Waterloo is a member of the U15, a group of research-intensive universities in Canada. The University of Waterloo is most famous for its cooperative education (co-op) programs, which allow the students to integrate their education with applicable work experiences. The university operates the largest post-secondary co-operative education program in the world, with over 20,000 undergraduate students in over 140 co-operative education programs. Title: Paul M. Dorman High School Passage: Paul M. Dorman High School is a high school located in Roebuck, South Carolina, United States. The school is part of Spartanburg County School District Six. It consists of a main campus for 10th-12th graders and a separate campus for 9th graders, and a College, Career, and Fine Arts Center. The center features an auditorium, multiple classrooms, an art gallery, kitchen, student center, and computer labs. The campus is located at the intersection of Interstate 26 and Highway 221 in Spartanburg County. Title: Northwestern University Passage: Northwestern was founded in 1851 by John Evans, for whom the City of Evanston is named, and eight other lawyers, businessmen and Methodist leaders. Its founding purpose was to serve the Northwest Territory, an area that today includes the states of Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Michigan, Wisconsin and parts of Minnesota. Instruction began in 1855; women were admitted in 1869. Today, the main campus is a 240-acre (97 ha) parcel in Evanston, along the shores of Lake Michigan just 12 miles north of downtown Chicago. The university's law, medical, and professional schools are located on a 25-acre (10 ha) campus in Chicago's Streeterville neighborhood. In 2008, the university opened a campus in Education City, Doha, Qatar with programs in journalism and communication. Title: University of Kansas Passage: The KU School of Engineering is an ABET accredited, public engineering school located on the main campus. The School of Engineering was officially founded in 1891, although engineering degrees were awarded as early as 1873. Title: Academy Building (University of Southern Maine) Passage: The Academy Building (Gorham Academy or Gorham Seminary) is an historic building located on the campus of the University of Southern Maine (USM) in Gorham, Maine, United States. Built in 1806 to house the Gorham Academy, it was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1973 for its fine Federal period architecture and its importance in local education. Title: University of Kansas Passage: The University of Kansas School of Business is a public business school located on the main campus of the University of Kansas in Lawrence, Kansas. The KU School of Business was founded in 1924 and currently has more than 80 faculty members and approximately 1500 students. Title: Otto's Pub & Brewery Passage: Otto's Pub & Brewery is a brewpub in State College, Pennsylvania, USA. It first opened in 2002 and has been at its current location since 2010. It is located approximately three miles from the main campus of the Pennsylvania State University. Title: Scott Radecic Passage: Graduating from Brentwood High School in 1980, he played college football at Penn State University, where he was an Academic All-American in 1982. His brother Keith also played at Penn State and in the NFL for the St. Louis Cardinals in 1987. Title: Dalian University of Technology Passage: Dalian University of Technology (DUT) (), colloquially known in Chinese as Dàgōng (大工), is a public research university located in Dalian (main campus) and Panjin in Liaoning province, China. Formerly called the Dalian Institute of Technology, DUT is renowned as one of the Big Four Institutes of Technology in China. It is a Chinese Ministry of Education Class A Double First Class University, and one of the national key universities administered directly under the Ministry of Education. Title: Grace Lutheran College Passage: Grace Lutheran College (GLC), founded in 1978, is a co-educational, private high school based in Rothwell and Caboolture in Queensland, Australia. Grace Lutheran Primary School is located in Clontarf, approximately a 10-minute drive from the main Grace College Campus at Rothwell. The current Principal is David Radke, who took up the post in 2017 after the school's second Principal, Ruth Butler, retired. The college's enrolment at the start of the 2011 school year was over 1800. Title: GSS Institute of Technology Passage: GSS Institute of Technology (GSSIT), is a private co-educational engineering college approved by the All India Council of Technical Education affiliated to Visweswaraiah Technological University established in 2004 and managed by H.R Charitable Trust. The campus is located on a hilly , surrounded by a green plantation, on the Byrohalli-Kengeri main road on the southwestern edge of Bangalore City. It is situated in Bangalore in Karnataka state, India. GSSIT is recognized as a Research Centre by Visvesvaraya Technological University (VTU). Title: Pennsylvania State University Passage: The Pennsylvania State University (commonly referred to as Penn State or PSU) is a state - related, land - grant, doctoral university with campuses and facilities throughout Pennsylvania. Founded in 1855, the university has a stated threefold mission of teaching, research, and public service. Its instructional mission includes undergraduate, graduate, professional and continuing education offered through resident instruction and online delivery. Its University Park campus, the flagship campus, lies within the Borough of State College and College Township. It has two law schools: Penn State Law, on the school's University Park campus, and Dickinson Law, located in Carlisle, 90 miles south of State College. The College of Medicine is located in Hershey. Penn State has another 19 commonwealth campuses and 5 special mission campuses located across the state. Penn State has been labeled one of the ``Public Ivies, ''a publicly funded university considered as providing a quality of education comparable to those of the Ivy League. Title: Boston Passage: Several universities located outside Boston have a major presence in the city. Harvard University, the nation's oldest institute of higher education, is centered across the Charles River in Cambridge but has the majority of its land holdings and a substantial amount of its educational activities in Boston. Its business, medical, dental, and public health schools are located in Boston's Allston and Longwood neighborhoods. Harvard has plans for additional expansion into Allston. The Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), which originated in Boston and was long known as "Boston Tech", moved across the river to Cambridge in 1916. Tufts University, whose main campus is north of the city in Somerville and Medford, locates its medical and dental school in Boston's Chinatown at Tufts Medical Center, a 451-bed academic medical institution that is home to both a full-service hospital for adults and the Floating Hospital for Children. Title: Cossatot Community College Passage: Cossatot Community College of the University of Arkansas (CCCUA) is a public community college serving southwest Arkansas. Its main campus is located in the foothills of the Ouachita Mountains in De Queen, Arkansas. Title: Miami Dolphins Training Facility Passage: The Baptist Health Training Facility at Nova Southeastern University, formerly the Miami Dolphins Training Facility, is located on the Nova Southeastern University main campus in Davie, Florida. It is the headquarters location for the Miami Dolphins, as well as a location for frequent special events.	[ "Pennsylvania State University", "Scott Radecic" ]
2hop__79744_93263	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "(hide) Rank Nat Name Season Club Goals Apps Ratio Lionel Messi 2011 -- 12 Barcelona 50 37 1.351 Cristiano Ronaldo 2014 -- 15 Real Madrid 48 35 1.371 Lionel Messi 2012 -- 13 Barcelona 46 32 1.438 Cristiano Ronaldo 2011 -- 12 Real Madrid 38 1.211 5 Lionel Messi 2014 -- 15 Barcelona 43 38 1.132 6 Cristiano Ronaldo 2010 -- 11 Real Madrid 40 34 1.176 Luis Suárez 2015 -- 16 Barcelona 35 1.143 8 Telmo Zarra 1950 -- 51 Athletic Bilbao 38 30 1.267 Hugo Sánchez 1989 -- 90 Real Madrid 35 1.086 10 Lionel Messi 2016 -- 17 Barcelona 37 34 1.088 11 Baltazar 1988 -- 89 Atlético Madrid 35 36 0.972 Cristiano Ronaldo 2015 -- 16 Real Madrid 36 0.972 13 Cristiano Ronaldo 2012 -- 13 Real Madrid 34 34 Lionel Messi 2009 -- 10 Barcelona 35 0.971 Ronaldo 1996 -- 97 Barcelona 37 0.919 Hugo Sánchez 1986 -- 87 Real Madrid 41 0.829 17 Pruden 1940 -- 41 Atlético Aviación 33 22 1.5 Telmo Zarra 1946 -- 47 Athletic Bilbao 24 1.375 Toni Polster 1989 -- 90 Sevilla 35 0.943 20 Diego Forlán 2008 -- 09 Atlético Madrid 32 33 0.97 21 Alfredo Di Stéfano 1956 -- 57 Real Madrid 31 30 1.033 Cristiano Ronaldo 2013 -- 14 Real Madrid 30 1.033 Lionel Messi 2010 -- 11 Barcelona 33 0.939 Juan Antonio Pizzi 1995 -- 96 Tenerife 41 0.756 25 Mariano Martín 1942 -- 43 Barcelona 30 23 1.304 Romário 1993 -- 94 Barcelona 33 0.909 Samuel Eto'o 2008 -- 09 Barcelona 36 0.833", "title": "Football records and statistics in Spain" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The 1999 UEFA Champions League Final was a football match between Manchester United of England and Bayern Munich of Germany, played at Camp Nou in Barcelona, Spain, on 26 May 1999, to determine the winner of the 1998 -- 99 UEFA Champions League. It is remembered for injury time goals from Manchester United's Teddy Sheringham and Ole Gunnar Solskjær, which cancelled out Mario Basler's early goal to give Manchester United a 2 -- 1 win. United's victory completed a treble - winning season, after they had won the Premier League and FA Cup. Bayern were also playing for a treble, having won the Bundesliga and reached the DFB - Pokal final, although they went on to lose that match.", "title": "1999 UEFA Champions League Final" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Cristiano Ronaldo GOIH, ComM Ronaldo at the 2017 FIFA Confederations Cup Full name Cristiano Ronaldo dos Santos Aveiro Date of birth (1985 - 02 - 05) 5 February 1985 (age 32) Place of birth Funchal, Madeira, Portugal Height 1.85 m (6 ft 1 in) Playing position Forward Club information Current team Real Madrid Number 7 Youth career 1992 -- 1995 Andorinha 1995 -- 1997 Nacional 1997 -- 2002 Sporting CP Senior career * Years Team Apps (Gls) 2002 -- 2003 Sporting CP B (0) 2002 -- 2003 Sporting CP 25 (3) 2003 -- 2009 Manchester United 196 (84) 2009 -- Real Madrid 270 (286) National team 2001 Portugal U15 9 (7) 2001 -- 2002 Portugal U17 7 (5) 2003 Portugal U20 5 (1) 2002 -- 2003 Portugal U21 10 (3) Portugal U23 (2) 2003 -- Portugal 147 (79) Honours (show) Representing Portugal UEFA European Championship Winner 2016 France Runner - up 2004 Portugal 2012 Poland & Ukraine FIFA Confederations Cup 2017 Russia * Senior club appearances and goals counted for the domestic league only and correct as of 23: 00, 22 October 2017 (UTC). ‡ National team caps and goals correct as of 22: 40, 10 October 2017 (UTC)", "title": "Cristiano Ronaldo" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "On 1 September 2008, the final day of the Premier League summer transfer window, Robinho completed a €41–42 million (£32.5M) move to Manchester City on a four-year deal. This occurred on the same day the club was bought out by the Arab investment company Abu Dhabi United Group.Robinho had previously been linked with a transfer to Chelsea, and he had emphasised his desire to play for the London club up to the eve of the transfer. On 27 August, Chelsea chief executive Peter Kenyon said that the club were \"confident\" that the transaction would go through, and Madrid had also given their consent for the player to leave. Robinho's expectancy to move to Chelsea was such that upon signing for Manchester City he accidentally stated, \"On the last day, Chelsea made a great proposal and I accepted.\" To this comment, a reporter then replied, \"You mean Manchester, right?\" \"Yeah, Manchester, sorry!\" answered Robinho.In an interview with The Guardian, Robinho stated that Manchester City being a big club and the presence of Brazilian friends Jô and Elano were incentives for him to join the team. He made his team debut and scored his first Premier League goal on 13 September 2008, coincidentally in a 3–1 home defeat to Chelsea.", "title": "Robinho" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Ryan Giggs holds the record of most assists in the competition with 42 assists (29 GS, 2 R16, 7 QF, 2 SF, 2 F), all with Manchester United. Cristiano Ronaldo holds the second place of most assists in the competition with 40 assists (25 GS, 9 R16, 3 QF, 2 SF, 1 F), 10 with Manchester United and 30 with Real Madrid.", "title": "European Cup and UEFA Champions League records and statistics" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Year Winning player Winning player's club Runner - up player Runner - up player's club Source Jean - Marie Pfaff Bayern Munich Rinat Dasayev Spartak Moscow Rinat Dasayev Spartak Moscow Hans van Breukelen PSV Eindhoven Walter Zenga Internazionale Michel Preud'homme KV Mechelen Walter Zenga (2) Internazionale Michel Preud'homme KV Mechelen 1991 Walter Zenga (3) Internazionale Sergio Goycochea Racing Club Peter Schmeichel Manchester United Andoni Zubizarreta Barcelona Peter Schmeichel (2) Manchester United Sergio Goycochea Racing Club Michel Preud'homme KV Mechelen Benfica Thomas Ravelli IFK Göteborg 1995 José Luis Chilavert Vélez Sársfield Peter Schmeichel Manchester United Andreas Köpke Marseille David Seaman Arsenal José Luis Chilavert (2) Vélez Sársfield Angelo Peruzzi Juventus 1998 José Luis Chilavert (3) Vélez Sársfield Fabien Barthez Monaco 1999 Oliver Kahn Bayern Munich Peter Schmeichel Manchester United 2000 Fabien Barthez Manchester United Oliver Kahn Bayern Munich Oliver Kahn (2) Bayern Munich Oscar Córdoba Boca Juniors 2002 Oliver Kahn (3) Bayern Munich Iker Casillas Real Madrid 2003 Gianluigi Buffon Juventus Iker Casillas Real Madrid Gianluigi Buffon (2) Juventus Petr Čech Rennes Chelsea 2005 Petr Čech Chelsea Dida Milan 2006 Gianluigi Buffon (3) Juventus Jens Lehmann Arsenal 2007 Gianluigi Buffon (4) Juventus Petr Čech Chelsea 2008 Iker Casillas Real Madrid Gianluigi Buffon Juventus 2009 Iker Casillas (2) Real Madrid Gianluigi Buffon Juventus Iker Casillas (3) Real Madrid Júlio César Internazionale 2011 Iker Casillas (4) Real Madrid Manuel Neuer Bayern Munich 2012 Iker Casillas (5) Real Madrid Gianluigi Buffon Juventus 2013 Manuel Neuer (1) Bayern Munich Gianluigi Buffon Juventus 2014 Manuel Neuer (2) Bayern Munich Thibaut Courtois Atlético Madrid Chelsea 2015 Manuel Neuer (3) Bayern Munich Gianluigi Buffon Juventus 2016 Manuel Neuer (4) Bayern Munich Gianluigi Buffon Juventus 2017 Gianluigi Buffon (5) Juventus Manuel Neuer Bayern Munich", "title": "IFFHS World's Best Goalkeeper" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In 1943, Barcelona faced rivals Real Madrid in the semi-finals of Copa del Generalísimo (now the Copa del Rey). The first match at Les Corts was won by Barcelona 3–0. Real Madrid comfortably won the second leg, beating Barcelona 11–1. According to football writer Sid Lowe, \"There have been relatively few mentions of the game [since] and it is not a result that has been particularly celebrated in Madrid. Indeed, the 11–1 occupies a far more prominent place in Barcelona's history.\" It has been alleged by local journalist Paco Aguilar that Barcelona's players were threatened by police in the changing room, though nothing was ever proven.", "title": "FC Barcelona" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Real Madrid is the most successful club with 33 titles. The most recent club other than Real Madrid and Barcelona to win the league is Atlético Madrid in the 2013 -- 14 season. With their 30 May Copa del Rey defeat of Athletic Bilbao, Barcelona has won the Spanish version of The Double the most times, having won the league and cup in the same year six times in its history, breaking its tie with Athletic's five. Barcelona is the only Spanish team that has won the Treble, which includes the UEFA Champions League along with the league and Copa del Rey, and the only UEFA club to have won the treble twice after accomplishing that feat in 2015. The current champions are Real Madrid, who won the 2016 -- 17 competition.", "title": "List of Spanish football champions" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "He appeared in 139 La Liga games over the course of ten seasons and scored two goals, mainly at the service of Real Madrid. Later, he embarked on a managerial career which lasted more than 25 years, and included a brief spell with the Spain national team.", "title": "Vicente Miera" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Manchester United is one of the most popular football clubs in the world, with one of the highest average home attendances in Europe. The club states that its worldwide fan base includes more than 200 officially recognised branches of the Manchester United Supporters Club (MUSC), in at least 24 countries. The club takes advantage of this support through its worldwide summer tours. Accountancy firm and sports industry consultants Deloitte estimate that Manchester United has 75 million fans worldwide, while other estimates put this figure closer to 333 million. The club has the third highest social media following in the world among sports teams (after Barcelona and Real Madrid), with over 71 million Facebook fans as of September 2016. A 2014 study showed that Manchester United had the loudest fans in the Premier League.Supporters are represented by two independent bodies; the Independent Manchester United Supporters' Association (IMUSA), which maintains close links to the club through the MUFC Fans Forum, and the Manchester United Supporters' Trust (MUST). After the Glazer family's takeover in 2005, a group of fans formed a splinter club, F.C. United of Manchester. The West Stand of Old Trafford – the \"Stretford End\" – is the home end and the traditional source of the club's most vocal support.", "title": "Manchester United F.C." }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Club Winners Runners - up Real Madrid 33 23 Barcelona 25 25 Atlético Madrid 10 9 Athletic Bilbao 8 7 Valencia 6 6 Real Sociedad Deportivo La Coruña Sevilla Real Betis 0", "title": "List of Spanish football champions" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "After Laporta's departure from the club in June 2010, Sandro Rosell was soon elected as the new president. The elections were held on 13 June, where he got 61.35% (57,088 votes, a record) of total votes. Rosell signed David Villa from Valencia for €40 million and Javier Mascherano from Liverpool for €19 million. In November 2010, Barcelona defeated their main rival, Real Madrid 5–0 in El Clásico. In the 2010–11 season, Barcelona retained the La Liga trophy, their third title in succession, finishing with 96 points. In April 2011, the club reached the Copa del Rey final, losing 1–0 to Real Madrid at the Mestalla in Valencia. In May, Barcelona defeated Manchester United in the 2011 Champions League Final 3–1 held at Wembley Stadium, a repeat of the 2009 final, winning their fourth European Cup. In August 2011, La Masia graduate Cesc Fàbregas was bought from Arsenal and he would help Barcelona defend the Spanish Supercup against Real Madrid. The Supercup victory brought the total number of official trophies to 73, matching the number of titles won by Real Madrid.", "title": "FC Barcelona" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "La Liga Season 2017 -- 18 Dates 18 August 2017 -- 20 May 2018 Champions Barcelona 25th title Relegated Deportivo La Coruña Las Palmas Málaga Champions League Barcelona Atlético Madrid Real Madrid Valencia Europa League Villarreal Real Betis Sevilla Matches played 380 Goals scored 1,024 (2.69 per match) Top goalscorer Lionel Messi (34 goals) Best goalkeeper Jan Oblak (0.59 goals / match) Biggest home win Girona 6 -- 0 Las Palmas (13 January 2018) Real Madrid 7 -- 1 Deportivo La Coruña (21 January 2018) Real Madrid 6 -- 0 Celta Vigo (12 May 2018) Biggest away win Levante 0 -- 5 Atlético Madrid (25 November 2017) Real Betis 0 -- 5 Barcelona (21 January 2018) Highest scoring Real Betis 3 -- 6 Valencia (15 October 2017) Real Madrid 6 -- 3 Girona (18 March 2018) Levante 5 -- 4 Barcelona (13 May 2018) Longest winning run 8 matches Valencia Longest unbeaten run 36 matches Barcelona Longest winless run 16 matches Las Palmas Longest losing run 8 matches Las Palmas Highest attendance 97,939 Barcelona 2 -- 2 Real Madrid (6 May 2018) Lowest attendance 4,056 Eibar 1 -- 0 Villarreal (28 February 2018) Total attendance 10,221,182 Average attendance 26,968 ← 2016 -- 17 2018 -- 19 →", "title": "2017–18 La Liga" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The club currently holds the record for the most European Cup / UEFA Champions League triumphs with 12, and the most La Liga titles with 33. Also Real Madrid is the most successful club in international titles with 23 more than any team in the world. The club's record appearance maker is Raúl, who made 741 appearances from 1994 to 2010; the club's record goalscorer is Cristiano Ronaldo, who has 413 goals in all competitions.", "title": "List of Real Madrid CF records and statistics" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Player Club La Liga Copa Super Cup League Cup Europe Total Lionel Messi Barcelona 18 -- 6 -- 26 Alfredo Di Stéfano Real Madrid 14 -- -- 18 Cristiano Ronaldo Real Madrid 9 5 -- -- 18 Raúl Real Madrid 11 -- -- 15 César Barcelona 12 -- -- -- 14 Francisco Gento Real Madrid 10 -- -- 14 Ferenc Puskás Real Madrid 9 -- -- 14 Santillana Real Madrid 9 -- -- 12 Hugo Sánchez Real Madrid 8 -- -- -- 10 Juanito Real Madrid 8 -- -- -- 10 Josep Samitier Barca / Real 6 -- -- -- 10 Estanislao Basora Barcelona 8 -- -- -- 9 Jaime Lazcano Real Madrid 8 -- -- -- -- 8 Karim Benzema Real Madrid 6 -- -- 8 Iván Zamorano Real Madrid -- -- 8 Eulogio Martínez Barcelona 5 -- -- 8 Luis Suárez Barcelona -- -- 8 Santiago Bernabéu Real Madrid -- 8 -- -- -- 8", "title": "El Clásico" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "62 teams have competed in La Liga since its inception. Nine teams have been crowned champions, with Real Madrid winning the title a record 33 times and Barcelona 25 times. Barcelona won the inaugural La Liga in 1929 with Athletic Bilbao claiming several titles in the league's early years. Barcelona and Real Madrid dominated the championship in the 1950s, winning four La Liga titles each throughout the decade. Real Madrid dominated La Liga from the 1960s through the 1980s, when Barcelona, Athletic Bilbao, and Real Sociedad won the league twice in those years. From the 1990s onward, Barcelona has dominated La Liga, winning 15 titles. Although Real Madrid has been prominent, winning 8 titles, La Liga has also seen other champions, including Atlético Madrid, Valencia, and Deportivo de La Coruña. In the 2010s, Atlético Madrid has become an increasingly stronger team, forming a trio alongside Real Madrid and Barcelona.", "title": "La Liga" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "La Liga's all - time top goalscorer is FC Barcelona's Lionel Messi, who also holds the record for most goals scored in a season with 50 goals in 2011 - 12. Athletic Bilbao's Telmo Zarra, who was the competition's all - time top scorer until 2014, was top scorer in six seasons between 1945 and 1953. Four other players -- Lionel Messi, Real Madrid's Alfredo Di Stéfano, Quini of Sporting de Gijón and Barcelona, and Hugo Sánchez of Atlético Madrid and Real Madrid -- each finished as top scorer in five seasons.", "title": "List of La Liga top scorers" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Juan Mata Mata playing for Manchester United in 2016 Full name Juan Manuel Mata García Date of birth (1988 - 04 - 28) 28 April 1988 (age 29) Place of birth Burgos, Spain Height 1.70 m (5 ft 7 in) Playing position Attacking midfielder Club information Current team Manchester United Number 8 Youth career 1998 -- 2003 Real Oviedo 2003 -- 2006 Real Madrid Senior career * Years Team Apps (Gls) 2006 -- 2007 Real Madrid Castilla 39 (10) 2007 -- 2011 Valencia 129 (33) 2011 -- 2014 Chelsea 82 (18) 2014 -- Manchester United 133 (30) National team Spain U16 (2) Spain U17 (1) 2006 -- 2007 Spain U19 13 (12) 2007 Spain U20 5 (3) 2007 -- 2011 Spain U21 19 (5) 2012 Spain U23 (0) 2009 -- Spain 41 (10) Honours (show) Representing Spain FIFA World Cup 2010 South Africa (((3))) FIFA Confederations Cup 2013 Brazil 2009 South Africa UEFA European Championship 2012 Poland -- Ukraine UEFA European Under - 21 Championship 2011 Romania UEFA European Under - 19 Championship 2006 Poland * Senior club appearances and goals counted for the domestic league only and correct as of 16: 00, 24 February 2018 (UTC). ‡ National team caps and goals correct as of 15 November 2016", "title": "Juan Mata" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "La Liga's all - time top goalscorer is Barcelona's Lionel Messi, who also holds the record for most goals scored in a season with 50 goals in 2011 -- 12. Athletic Bilbao's Telmo Zarra, who held the distinction of being the competition's all - time top scorer until 2014, was top scorer in six seasons between 1945 and 1953. Three other players -- Real Madrid's Alfredo Di Stéfano, Quini of Sporting de Gijón and Barcelona, and Hugo Sánchez of Atlético Madrid and Real Madrid -- each finished as top scorer in five seasons.", "title": "List of La Liga top scorers" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The record transfer fee for a Premier League player has risen steadily over the lifetime of the competition. Prior to the start of the first Premier League season Alan Shearer became the first British player to command a transfer fee of more than £3 million. The record rose steadily in the Premier League's first few seasons, until Alan Shearer made a record breaking £15 million move to Newcastle United in 1996. The three highest transfer in the sport's history had a Premier League club on the selling end, with Tottenham Hotspur selling Gareth Bale to Real Madrid for £85 million in 2013, Manchester United's sale of Cristiano Ronaldo to Real Madrid for £80 million in 2009, and Liverpool selling Luis Suárez to Barcelona for £75 million in 2014.", "title": "Premier League" } ]	The most prolific score in manchester united history joined the team in what year?	2003	[]	Title: Football records and statistics in Spain Passage: (hide) Rank Nat Name Season Club Goals Apps Ratio Lionel Messi 2011 -- 12 Barcelona 50 37 1.351 Cristiano Ronaldo 2014 -- 15 Real Madrid 48 35 1.371 Lionel Messi 2012 -- 13 Barcelona 46 32 1.438 Cristiano Ronaldo 2011 -- 12 Real Madrid 38 1.211 5 Lionel Messi 2014 -- 15 Barcelona 43 38 1.132 6 Cristiano Ronaldo 2010 -- 11 Real Madrid 40 34 1.176 Luis Suárez 2015 -- 16 Barcelona 35 1.143 8 Telmo Zarra 1950 -- 51 Athletic Bilbao 38 30 1.267 Hugo Sánchez 1989 -- 90 Real Madrid 35 1.086 10 Lionel Messi 2016 -- 17 Barcelona 37 34 1.088 11 Baltazar 1988 -- 89 Atlético Madrid 35 36 0.972 Cristiano Ronaldo 2015 -- 16 Real Madrid 36 0.972 13 Cristiano Ronaldo 2012 -- 13 Real Madrid 34 34 Lionel Messi 2009 -- 10 Barcelona 35 0.971 Ronaldo 1996 -- 97 Barcelona 37 0.919 Hugo Sánchez 1986 -- 87 Real Madrid 41 0.829 17 Pruden 1940 -- 41 Atlético Aviación 33 22 1.5 Telmo Zarra 1946 -- 47 Athletic Bilbao 24 1.375 Toni Polster 1989 -- 90 Sevilla 35 0.943 20 Diego Forlán 2008 -- 09 Atlético Madrid 32 33 0.97 21 Alfredo Di Stéfano 1956 -- 57 Real Madrid 31 30 1.033 Cristiano Ronaldo 2013 -- 14 Real Madrid 30 1.033 Lionel Messi 2010 -- 11 Barcelona 33 0.939 Juan Antonio Pizzi 1995 -- 96 Tenerife 41 0.756 25 Mariano Martín 1942 -- 43 Barcelona 30 23 1.304 Romário 1993 -- 94 Barcelona 33 0.909 Samuel Eto'o 2008 -- 09 Barcelona 36 0.833 Title: El Clásico Passage: Player Club La Liga Copa Super Cup League Cup Europe Total Lionel Messi Barcelona 18 -- 6 -- 26 Alfredo Di Stéfano Real Madrid 14 -- -- 18 Cristiano Ronaldo Real Madrid 9 5 -- -- 18 Raúl Real Madrid 11 -- -- 15 César Barcelona 12 -- -- -- 14 Francisco Gento Real Madrid 10 -- -- 14 Ferenc Puskás Real Madrid 9 -- -- 14 Santillana Real Madrid 9 -- -- 12 Hugo Sánchez Real Madrid 8 -- -- -- 10 Juanito Real Madrid 8 -- -- -- 10 Josep Samitier Barca / Real 6 -- -- -- 10 Estanislao Basora Barcelona 8 -- -- -- 9 Jaime Lazcano Real Madrid 8 -- -- -- -- 8 Karim Benzema Real Madrid 6 -- -- 8 Iván Zamorano Real Madrid -- -- 8 Eulogio Martínez Barcelona 5 -- -- 8 Luis Suárez Barcelona -- -- 8 Santiago Bernabéu Real Madrid -- 8 -- -- -- 8 Title: List of Spanish football champions Passage: Club Winners Runners - up Real Madrid 33 23 Barcelona 25 25 Atlético Madrid 10 9 Athletic Bilbao 8 7 Valencia 6 6 Real Sociedad Deportivo La Coruña Sevilla Real Betis 0 Title: Premier League Passage: The record transfer fee for a Premier League player has risen steadily over the lifetime of the competition. Prior to the start of the first Premier League season Alan Shearer became the first British player to command a transfer fee of more than £3 million. The record rose steadily in the Premier League's first few seasons, until Alan Shearer made a record breaking £15 million move to Newcastle United in 1996. The three highest transfer in the sport's history had a Premier League club on the selling end, with Tottenham Hotspur selling Gareth Bale to Real Madrid for £85 million in 2013, Manchester United's sale of Cristiano Ronaldo to Real Madrid for £80 million in 2009, and Liverpool selling Luis Suárez to Barcelona for £75 million in 2014. Title: List of Spanish football champions Passage: Real Madrid is the most successful club with 33 titles. The most recent club other than Real Madrid and Barcelona to win the league is Atlético Madrid in the 2013 -- 14 season. With their 30 May Copa del Rey defeat of Athletic Bilbao, Barcelona has won the Spanish version of The Double the most times, having won the league and cup in the same year six times in its history, breaking its tie with Athletic's five. Barcelona is the only Spanish team that has won the Treble, which includes the UEFA Champions League along with the league and Copa del Rey, and the only UEFA club to have won the treble twice after accomplishing that feat in 2015. The current champions are Real Madrid, who won the 2016 -- 17 competition. Title: Robinho Passage: On 1 September 2008, the final day of the Premier League summer transfer window, Robinho completed a €41–42 million (£32.5M) move to Manchester City on a four-year deal. This occurred on the same day the club was bought out by the Arab investment company Abu Dhabi United Group.Robinho had previously been linked with a transfer to Chelsea, and he had emphasised his desire to play for the London club up to the eve of the transfer. On 27 August, Chelsea chief executive Peter Kenyon said that the club were "confident" that the transaction would go through, and Madrid had also given their consent for the player to leave. Robinho's expectancy to move to Chelsea was such that upon signing for Manchester City he accidentally stated, "On the last day, Chelsea made a great proposal and I accepted." To this comment, a reporter then replied, "You mean Manchester, right?" "Yeah, Manchester, sorry!" answered Robinho.In an interview with The Guardian, Robinho stated that Manchester City being a big club and the presence of Brazilian friends Jô and Elano were incentives for him to join the team. He made his team debut and scored his first Premier League goal on 13 September 2008, coincidentally in a 3–1 home defeat to Chelsea. Title: List of La Liga top scorers Passage: La Liga's all - time top goalscorer is FC Barcelona's Lionel Messi, who also holds the record for most goals scored in a season with 50 goals in 2011 - 12. Athletic Bilbao's Telmo Zarra, who was the competition's all - time top scorer until 2014, was top scorer in six seasons between 1945 and 1953. Four other players -- Lionel Messi, Real Madrid's Alfredo Di Stéfano, Quini of Sporting de Gijón and Barcelona, and Hugo Sánchez of Atlético Madrid and Real Madrid -- each finished as top scorer in five seasons. Title: FC Barcelona Passage: In 1943, Barcelona faced rivals Real Madrid in the semi-finals of Copa del Generalísimo (now the Copa del Rey). The first match at Les Corts was won by Barcelona 3–0. Real Madrid comfortably won the second leg, beating Barcelona 11–1. According to football writer Sid Lowe, "There have been relatively few mentions of the game [since] and it is not a result that has been particularly celebrated in Madrid. Indeed, the 11–1 occupies a far more prominent place in Barcelona's history." It has been alleged by local journalist Paco Aguilar that Barcelona's players were threatened by police in the changing room, though nothing was ever proven. Title: FC Barcelona Passage: After Laporta's departure from the club in June 2010, Sandro Rosell was soon elected as the new president. The elections were held on 13 June, where he got 61.35% (57,088 votes, a record) of total votes. Rosell signed David Villa from Valencia for €40 million and Javier Mascherano from Liverpool for €19 million. In November 2010, Barcelona defeated their main rival, Real Madrid 5–0 in El Clásico. In the 2010–11 season, Barcelona retained the La Liga trophy, their third title in succession, finishing with 96 points. In April 2011, the club reached the Copa del Rey final, losing 1–0 to Real Madrid at the Mestalla in Valencia. In May, Barcelona defeated Manchester United in the 2011 Champions League Final 3–1 held at Wembley Stadium, a repeat of the 2009 final, winning their fourth European Cup. In August 2011, La Masia graduate Cesc Fàbregas was bought from Arsenal and he would help Barcelona defend the Spanish Supercup against Real Madrid. The Supercup victory brought the total number of official trophies to 73, matching the number of titles won by Real Madrid. Title: La Liga Passage: 62 teams have competed in La Liga since its inception. Nine teams have been crowned champions, with Real Madrid winning the title a record 33 times and Barcelona 25 times. Barcelona won the inaugural La Liga in 1929 with Athletic Bilbao claiming several titles in the league's early years. Barcelona and Real Madrid dominated the championship in the 1950s, winning four La Liga titles each throughout the decade. Real Madrid dominated La Liga from the 1960s through the 1980s, when Barcelona, Athletic Bilbao, and Real Sociedad won the league twice in those years. From the 1990s onward, Barcelona has dominated La Liga, winning 15 titles. Although Real Madrid has been prominent, winning 8 titles, La Liga has also seen other champions, including Atlético Madrid, Valencia, and Deportivo de La Coruña. In the 2010s, Atlético Madrid has become an increasingly stronger team, forming a trio alongside Real Madrid and Barcelona. Title: IFFHS World's Best Goalkeeper Passage: Year Winning player Winning player's club Runner - up player Runner - up player's club Source Jean - Marie Pfaff Bayern Munich Rinat Dasayev Spartak Moscow Rinat Dasayev Spartak Moscow Hans van Breukelen PSV Eindhoven Walter Zenga Internazionale Michel Preud'homme KV Mechelen Walter Zenga (2) Internazionale Michel Preud'homme KV Mechelen 1991 Walter Zenga (3) Internazionale Sergio Goycochea Racing Club Peter Schmeichel Manchester United Andoni Zubizarreta Barcelona Peter Schmeichel (2) Manchester United Sergio Goycochea Racing Club Michel Preud'homme KV Mechelen Benfica Thomas Ravelli IFK Göteborg 1995 José Luis Chilavert Vélez Sársfield Peter Schmeichel Manchester United Andreas Köpke Marseille David Seaman Arsenal José Luis Chilavert (2) Vélez Sársfield Angelo Peruzzi Juventus 1998 José Luis Chilavert (3) Vélez Sársfield Fabien Barthez Monaco 1999 Oliver Kahn Bayern Munich Peter Schmeichel Manchester United 2000 Fabien Barthez Manchester United Oliver Kahn Bayern Munich Oliver Kahn (2) Bayern Munich Oscar Córdoba Boca Juniors 2002 Oliver Kahn (3) Bayern Munich Iker Casillas Real Madrid 2003 Gianluigi Buffon Juventus Iker Casillas Real Madrid Gianluigi Buffon (2) Juventus Petr Čech Rennes Chelsea 2005 Petr Čech Chelsea Dida Milan 2006 Gianluigi Buffon (3) Juventus Jens Lehmann Arsenal 2007 Gianluigi Buffon (4) Juventus Petr Čech Chelsea 2008 Iker Casillas Real Madrid Gianluigi Buffon Juventus 2009 Iker Casillas (2) Real Madrid Gianluigi Buffon Juventus Iker Casillas (3) Real Madrid Júlio César Internazionale 2011 Iker Casillas (4) Real Madrid Manuel Neuer Bayern Munich 2012 Iker Casillas (5) Real Madrid Gianluigi Buffon Juventus 2013 Manuel Neuer (1) Bayern Munich Gianluigi Buffon Juventus 2014 Manuel Neuer (2) Bayern Munich Thibaut Courtois Atlético Madrid Chelsea 2015 Manuel Neuer (3) Bayern Munich Gianluigi Buffon Juventus 2016 Manuel Neuer (4) Bayern Munich Gianluigi Buffon Juventus 2017 Gianluigi Buffon (5) Juventus Manuel Neuer Bayern Munich Title: List of Real Madrid CF records and statistics Passage: The club currently holds the record for the most European Cup / UEFA Champions League triumphs with 12, and the most La Liga titles with 33. Also Real Madrid is the most successful club in international titles with 23 more than any team in the world. The club's record appearance maker is Raúl, who made 741 appearances from 1994 to 2010; the club's record goalscorer is Cristiano Ronaldo, who has 413 goals in all competitions. Title: 2017–18 La Liga Passage: La Liga Season 2017 -- 18 Dates 18 August 2017 -- 20 May 2018 Champions Barcelona 25th title Relegated Deportivo La Coruña Las Palmas Málaga Champions League Barcelona Atlético Madrid Real Madrid Valencia Europa League Villarreal Real Betis Sevilla Matches played 380 Goals scored 1,024 (2.69 per match) Top goalscorer Lionel Messi (34 goals) Best goalkeeper Jan Oblak (0.59 goals / match) Biggest home win Girona 6 -- 0 Las Palmas (13 January 2018) Real Madrid 7 -- 1 Deportivo La Coruña (21 January 2018) Real Madrid 6 -- 0 Celta Vigo (12 May 2018) Biggest away win Levante 0 -- 5 Atlético Madrid (25 November 2017) Real Betis 0 -- 5 Barcelona (21 January 2018) Highest scoring Real Betis 3 -- 6 Valencia (15 October 2017) Real Madrid 6 -- 3 Girona (18 March 2018) Levante 5 -- 4 Barcelona (13 May 2018) Longest winning run 8 matches Valencia Longest unbeaten run 36 matches Barcelona Longest winless run 16 matches Las Palmas Longest losing run 8 matches Las Palmas Highest attendance 97,939 Barcelona 2 -- 2 Real Madrid (6 May 2018) Lowest attendance 4,056 Eibar 1 -- 0 Villarreal (28 February 2018) Total attendance 10,221,182 Average attendance 26,968 ← 2016 -- 17 2018 -- 19 → Title: List of La Liga top scorers Passage: La Liga's all - time top goalscorer is Barcelona's Lionel Messi, who also holds the record for most goals scored in a season with 50 goals in 2011 -- 12. Athletic Bilbao's Telmo Zarra, who held the distinction of being the competition's all - time top scorer until 2014, was top scorer in six seasons between 1945 and 1953. Three other players -- Real Madrid's Alfredo Di Stéfano, Quini of Sporting de Gijón and Barcelona, and Hugo Sánchez of Atlético Madrid and Real Madrid -- each finished as top scorer in five seasons. Title: European Cup and UEFA Champions League records and statistics Passage: Ryan Giggs holds the record of most assists in the competition with 42 assists (29 GS, 2 R16, 7 QF, 2 SF, 2 F), all with Manchester United. Cristiano Ronaldo holds the second place of most assists in the competition with 40 assists (25 GS, 9 R16, 3 QF, 2 SF, 1 F), 10 with Manchester United and 30 with Real Madrid. Title: 1999 UEFA Champions League Final Passage: The 1999 UEFA Champions League Final was a football match between Manchester United of England and Bayern Munich of Germany, played at Camp Nou in Barcelona, Spain, on 26 May 1999, to determine the winner of the 1998 -- 99 UEFA Champions League. It is remembered for injury time goals from Manchester United's Teddy Sheringham and Ole Gunnar Solskjær, which cancelled out Mario Basler's early goal to give Manchester United a 2 -- 1 win. United's victory completed a treble - winning season, after they had won the Premier League and FA Cup. Bayern were also playing for a treble, having won the Bundesliga and reached the DFB - Pokal final, although they went on to lose that match. Title: Vicente Miera Passage: He appeared in 139 La Liga games over the course of ten seasons and scored two goals, mainly at the service of Real Madrid. Later, he embarked on a managerial career which lasted more than 25 years, and included a brief spell with the Spain national team. Title: Manchester United F.C. Passage: Manchester United is one of the most popular football clubs in the world, with one of the highest average home attendances in Europe. The club states that its worldwide fan base includes more than 200 officially recognised branches of the Manchester United Supporters Club (MUSC), in at least 24 countries. The club takes advantage of this support through its worldwide summer tours. Accountancy firm and sports industry consultants Deloitte estimate that Manchester United has 75 million fans worldwide, while other estimates put this figure closer to 333 million. The club has the third highest social media following in the world among sports teams (after Barcelona and Real Madrid), with over 71 million Facebook fans as of September 2016. A 2014 study showed that Manchester United had the loudest fans in the Premier League.Supporters are represented by two independent bodies; the Independent Manchester United Supporters' Association (IMUSA), which maintains close links to the club through the MUFC Fans Forum, and the Manchester United Supporters' Trust (MUST). After the Glazer family's takeover in 2005, a group of fans formed a splinter club, F.C. United of Manchester. The West Stand of Old Trafford – the "Stretford End" – is the home end and the traditional source of the club's most vocal support. Title: Juan Mata Passage: Juan Mata Mata playing for Manchester United in 2016 Full name Juan Manuel Mata García Date of birth (1988 - 04 - 28) 28 April 1988 (age 29) Place of birth Burgos, Spain Height 1.70 m (5 ft 7 in) Playing position Attacking midfielder Club information Current team Manchester United Number 8 Youth career 1998 -- 2003 Real Oviedo 2003 -- 2006 Real Madrid Senior career * Years Team Apps (Gls) 2006 -- 2007 Real Madrid Castilla 39 (10) 2007 -- 2011 Valencia 129 (33) 2011 -- 2014 Chelsea 82 (18) 2014 -- Manchester United 133 (30) National team Spain U16 (2) Spain U17 (1) 2006 -- 2007 Spain U19 13 (12) 2007 Spain U20 5 (3) 2007 -- 2011 Spain U21 19 (5) 2012 Spain U23 (0) 2009 -- Spain 41 (10) Honours (show) Representing Spain FIFA World Cup 2010 South Africa (((3))) FIFA Confederations Cup 2013 Brazil 2009 South Africa UEFA European Championship 2012 Poland -- Ukraine UEFA European Under - 21 Championship 2011 Romania UEFA European Under - 19 Championship 2006 Poland * Senior club appearances and goals counted for the domestic league only and correct as of 16: 00, 24 February 2018 (UTC). ‡ National team caps and goals correct as of 15 November 2016 Title: Cristiano Ronaldo Passage: Cristiano Ronaldo GOIH, ComM Ronaldo at the 2017 FIFA Confederations Cup Full name Cristiano Ronaldo dos Santos Aveiro Date of birth (1985 - 02 - 05) 5 February 1985 (age 32) Place of birth Funchal, Madeira, Portugal Height 1.85 m (6 ft 1 in) Playing position Forward Club information Current team Real Madrid Number 7 Youth career 1992 -- 1995 Andorinha 1995 -- 1997 Nacional 1997 -- 2002 Sporting CP Senior career * Years Team Apps (Gls) 2002 -- 2003 Sporting CP B (0) 2002 -- 2003 Sporting CP 25 (3) 2003 -- 2009 Manchester United 196 (84) 2009 -- Real Madrid 270 (286) National team 2001 Portugal U15 9 (7) 2001 -- 2002 Portugal U17 7 (5) 2003 Portugal U20 5 (1) 2002 -- 2003 Portugal U21 10 (3) Portugal U23 (2) 2003 -- Portugal 147 (79) Honours (show) Representing Portugal UEFA European Championship Winner 2016 France Runner - up 2004 Portugal 2012 Poland & Ukraine FIFA Confederations Cup 2017 Russia * Senior club appearances and goals counted for the domestic league only and correct as of 23: 00, 22 October 2017 (UTC). ‡ National team caps and goals correct as of 22: 40, 10 October 2017 (UTC)	[ "Cristiano Ronaldo", "List of Real Madrid CF records and statistics" ]
2hop__166270_526735	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Due to the inter-communal ethnic tensions between 1963 and 1974, an island-wide census was regarded as impossible. Nevertheless, the Greek Cypriots conducted one in 1973, without the Turkish Cypriot populace. According to this census, the Greek Cypriot population was 482,000. One year later, in 1974, the Cypriot government's Department of Statistics and Research estimated the total population of Cyprus at 641,000; of whom 506,000 (78.9%) were Greeks, and 118,000 (18.4%) Turkish. After the partition of the island in 1974, Greeks conducted four more censuses: in 1976, 1982, 1992 and 2001; these excluded the Turkish population which was resident in the northern part of the island.", "title": "Cyprus" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Cyprus (i/ˈsaɪprəs/; Greek: Κύπρος IPA: [ˈcipros]; Turkish: Kıbrıs IPA: [ˈkɯbɾɯs]), officially the Republic of Cyprus (Greek: Κυπριακή Δημοκρατία; Turkish: Kıbrıs Cumhuriyeti), is an island country in the Eastern Mediterranean Sea, off the coasts of Syria and Turkey.[e] Cyprus is the third largest and third most populous island in the Mediterranean, and a member state of the European Union. It is located south of Turkey, west of Syria and Lebanon, northwest of Israel and Palestine, north of Egypt and east of Greece.", "title": "Cyprus" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Turkish Angora (, 'Ankara cat') is a breed of a domestic cat. Turkish Angoras are one of the ancient, natural breeds of cat, having originated in central Turkey, in the Ankara region. The breed has been documented as early as the 17th century and is believed to be the origin of the mutations for both the coloration white and long hair. The breed is also sometimes referred to as simply the Angora or Ankara cat.", "title": "Turkish Angora" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In January 1950, the Church of Cyprus organised a referendum under the supervision of clerics and with no Turkish Cypriot participation, where 96% of the participating Greek Cypriots voted in favour of enosis, The Greeks were 80.2% of the total island' s population at the time (census 1946). Restricted autonomy under a constitution was proposed by the British administration but eventually rejected. In 1955 the EOKA organisation was founded, seeking union with Greece through armed struggle. At the same time the Turkish Resistance Organisation (TMT), calling for Taksim, or partition, was established by the Turkish Cypriots as a counterweight. The British had also adopted at the time a policy of \"divide and rule\". Woodhouse, a British official in Cyprus, revealed that then British Foreign Secretary Harold Macmillan \"urged the Britons in Cyprus to stir up the Turks in order to neutralise Greek agitation\". British officials also tolerated the creation of the Turkish underground organisation T.M.T. The Secretary of State for the Colonies in a letter dated 15 July 1958 had advised the Governor of Cyprus not to act against T.M.T despite its illegal actions so as not to harm British relations with the Turkish government.", "title": "Cyprus" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Cyprus was placed under British administration based on Cyprus Convention in 1878 and formally annexed by Britain in 1914. Even though Turkish Cypriots made up only 18% of the population, the partition of Cyprus and creation of a Turkish state in the north became a policy of Turkish Cypriot leaders and Turkey in the 1950s. Turkish leaders for a period advocated the annexation of Cyprus to Turkey as Cyprus was considered an \"extension of Anatolia\" by them; while since the 19th century, the majority Greek Cypriot population and its Orthodox church had been pursuing union with Greece, which became a Greek national policy in the 1950s. Following nationalist violence in the 1950s, Cyprus was granted independence in 1960. In 1963, the 11-year intercommunal violence between Greek Cypriots and Turkish Cypriots started, which displaced more than 25,000 Turkish Cypriots and brought the end of Turkish Cypriot representation in the republic. On 15 July 1974, a coup d'état was staged by Greek Cypriot nationalists and elements of the Greek military junta in an attempt at enosis, the incorporation of Cyprus into Greece. This action precipitated the Turkish invasion of Cyprus, which led to the capture of the present-day territory of Northern Cyprus the following month, after a ceasefire collapsed, and the displacement of over 150,000 Greek Cypriots and 50,000 Turkish Cypriots. A separate Turkish Cypriot state in the north was established in 1983. These events and the resulting political situation are matters of a continuing dispute.", "title": "Cyprus" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Turkish invasion, followed by occupation and the declaration of independence of the TRNC have been condemned by United Nations resolutions, which are reaffirmed by the Security Council every year. The last major effort to settle the Cyprus dispute was the Annan Plan in 2004, drafted by the then Secretary General, Kofi Annan. The plan was put to a referendum in both Northern Cyprus and the Republic of Cyprus. 65% of Turkish Cypriots voted in support of the plan and 74% Greek Cypriots voted against the plan, claiming that it disproportionately favoured the Turkish side. In total, 66.7% of the voters rejected the Annan Plan V. On 1 May 2004 Cyprus joined the European Union, together with nine other countries. Cyprus was accepted into the EU as a whole, although the EU legislation is suspended in the territory occupied by Turkey (TRNC), until a final settlement of the Cyprus problem. In July 2006, the island served as a haven for people fleeing Lebanon, due to the conflict between Israel and Hezbollah (also called \"The July War\").", "title": "Cyprus" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Angora (also Antelope Hill) is an unincorporated community in northern Morrill County, Nebraska, United States. It lies along U.S. Route 385 north of the city of Bridgeport, the county seat of Morrill County. The community was established in 1900 by the Chicago, Burlington, and Quincy Railroad; it was named for the Turkish city of Ankara, which was then known as Angora. The Angora post office was established in 1901, and it remains open with the assigned ZIP code of 69331.", "title": "Angora, Nebraska" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Serdar Denktaş (in English often spelled \"Serdar Denktash\") is son of Rauf Denktaş, the former President of the de facto Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus.", "title": "Serdar Denktaş" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Since 1965, following clashes between the two communities, the Turkish Cypriot seats in the House remain vacant. In 1974 Cyprus was divided de facto when the Turkish army occupied the northern third of the island. The Turkish Cypriots subsequently declared independence in 1983 as the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus but were recognised only by Turkey. In 1985 the TRNC adopted a constitution and held its first elections. The United Nations recognises the sovereignty of the Republic of Cyprus over the entire island of Cyprus.", "title": "Cyprus" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "This embassy was established in late 1983 shortly after Turkey signed a treaty with the TRNC recognizing the November 15 1983 Declaration of Independence of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus. The embassy itself is located in the Ankara suburb of Gaziosmanpaşa (not to be confused by the Istanbul suburb of the same name).", "title": "Embassy of Northern Cyprus, Ankara" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Cengiz Topel (September 2, 1934, İzmit - August 8, 1964 Cyprus) was a fighter pilot of the Turkish Air Force, who was shot down while supporting the Turkish Cypriots during the 1964 inter-communal conflict Erenköy Resistance (Battle of Tylliria for Greeks).", "title": "Cengiz Topel" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The events of the summer of 1974 dominate the politics on the island, as well as Greco-Turkish relations. Around 150,000 settlers from Turkey are believed to be living in the north—many of whom were forced from Turkey by the Turkish government—in violation of the Geneva Convention and various UN resolutions. Following the invasion and the capture of its northern territory by Turkish troops, the Republic of Cyprus announced that all of its ports of entry in the north were closed, as they were effectively not under its control.[citation needed]", "title": "Cyprus" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "According to the 2006 census carried out by Northern Cyprus, there were 256,644 (de jure) people living in Northern Cyprus. 178,031 were citizens of Northern Cyprus, of whom 147,405 were born in Cyprus (112,534 from the north; 32,538 from the south; 371 did not indicate what part of Cyprus they were from); 27,333 born in Turkey; 2,482 born in the UK and 913 born in Bulgaria. Of the 147,405 citizens born in Cyprus, 120,031 say both parents were born in Cyprus; 16,824 say both parents born in Turkey; 10,361 have one parent born in Turkey and one parent born in Cyprus.", "title": "Cyprus" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "My Wife's Lovers is a canvas painting by Austrian artist Carl Kahler (1855–1906) depicting forty-two of American millionaire Kate Birdsall Johnson's Turkish Angora cats. The title of the painting was potentially conceived by her husband, who had died in 1889 and may have referred to the cats with the phrase. Measuring 6 ft×8.5 ft, the canvas weighs .", "title": "My Wife's Lovers" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Canan Öztoprak (born 1955) is a Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus Cabinet Minister appointed in the April 2005 TRNC Government of Prime Minister Ferdi Sabit Soyer. Her portfolios are National Education and Culture. She has been an active peace activist and founding member of the Cyprus Conflict Resolution Trainers Group.", "title": "Canan Öztoprak" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In 1964, Turkey tried to invade Cyprus in response to the continuing Cypriot intercommunal violence. But Turkey was stopped by a strongly worded telegram from the US President Lyndon B. Johnson on 5 June, warning that the US would not stand beside Turkey in case of a consequential Soviet invasion of Turkish territory. Meanwhile, by 1964, enosis was a Greek policy that could not be abandoned; Makarios and the Greek prime minister Georgios Papandreou agreed that enosis should be the ultimate aim and King Constantine wished Cyprus \"a speedy union with the mother country\". Greece dispatched 10,000 troops to Cyprus to counter a possible Turkish invasion.", "title": "Cyprus" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Eurocypria was established on 25 March 1992 as a wholly owned subsidiary of Cyprus Airways, as the first Cyprus based charter airline. Operations began on 12 June 1992 with two new Airbus A320 aircraft. Two more were added later. Since 2001, the airline has operated scheduled services from Cyprus, and charter flights.", "title": "Eurocypria Airlines" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Initially, the Turkish Cypriots favoured the continuation of the British rule. However, they were alarmed by the Greek Cypriot calls for enosis as they saw the union of Crete with Greece, which led to the exodus of Cretan Turks, as a precedent to be avoided, and they took a pro-partition stance in response to the militant activity of EOKA. The Turkish Cypriots also viewed themselves as a distinct ethnic group of the island and believed in their having a separate right to self-determination from Greek Cypriots. Meanwhile, in the 1950s, Turkish leader Menderes considered Cyprus an \"extension of Anatolia\", rejected the partition of Cyprus along ethnic lines and favoured the annexation of the whole island to Turkey. Nationalistic slogans centred on the idea that \"Cyprus is Turkish\" and the ruling party declared Cyprus to be a part of the Turkish homeland that was vital to its security. Upon realising the fact that the Turkish Cypriot population was only 20% of the islanders made annexation unfeasible, the national policy was changed to favour partition. The slogan \"Partition or Death\" was frequently used in Turkish Cypriot and Turkish protests starting in the late 1950s and continuing throughout the 1960s. Although after the Zürich and London conferences Turkey seemed to accept the existence of the Cypriot state and to distance itself from its policy of favouring the partition of the island, the goal of the Turkish and Turkish Cypriot leaders remained that of creating an independent Turkish state in the northern part of the island.", "title": "Cyprus" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Mosque of the Martyrs (), also popularly known as the Turkish Mosque, is a mosque in Baku, Azerbaijan, near the Martyrs' Lane. The mosque was built in the beginning of the 1990s with assistance of the Turkish government. The mosque currently is used as an official residence of religious attaché of the Turkish embassy. The mosque has been under construction since 2009.", "title": "Mosque of the Martyrs" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Kamil Özerk (born 8 October 1954 in Cyprus) is a Norwegian-Turkish Cypriot educator and professor of pedagogy at the University of Oslo.", "title": "Kamil Özerk" } ]	Who operates the Embassy of Northern Cyprus, in the city that the Turkish Angora cat is named after?	Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus	[ "Northern Cyprus", "NCY", "Turkish Cypriot state", "TRNC", "Republic of Northern Cyprus", "The Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus" ]	Title: Turkish Angora Passage: The Turkish Angora (, 'Ankara cat') is a breed of a domestic cat. Turkish Angoras are one of the ancient, natural breeds of cat, having originated in central Turkey, in the Ankara region. The breed has been documented as early as the 17th century and is believed to be the origin of the mutations for both the coloration white and long hair. The breed is also sometimes referred to as simply the Angora or Ankara cat. Title: Kamil Özerk Passage: Kamil Özerk (born 8 October 1954 in Cyprus) is a Norwegian-Turkish Cypriot educator and professor of pedagogy at the University of Oslo. Title: Cyprus Passage: Due to the inter-communal ethnic tensions between 1963 and 1974, an island-wide census was regarded as impossible. Nevertheless, the Greek Cypriots conducted one in 1973, without the Turkish Cypriot populace. According to this census, the Greek Cypriot population was 482,000. One year later, in 1974, the Cypriot government's Department of Statistics and Research estimated the total population of Cyprus at 641,000; of whom 506,000 (78.9%) were Greeks, and 118,000 (18.4%) Turkish. After the partition of the island in 1974, Greeks conducted four more censuses: in 1976, 1982, 1992 and 2001; these excluded the Turkish population which was resident in the northern part of the island. Title: My Wife's Lovers Passage: My Wife's Lovers is a canvas painting by Austrian artist Carl Kahler (1855–1906) depicting forty-two of American millionaire Kate Birdsall Johnson's Turkish Angora cats. The title of the painting was potentially conceived by her husband, who had died in 1889 and may have referred to the cats with the phrase. Measuring 6 ft×8.5 ft, the canvas weighs . Title: Cyprus Passage: Cyprus was placed under British administration based on Cyprus Convention in 1878 and formally annexed by Britain in 1914. Even though Turkish Cypriots made up only 18% of the population, the partition of Cyprus and creation of a Turkish state in the north became a policy of Turkish Cypriot leaders and Turkey in the 1950s. Turkish leaders for a period advocated the annexation of Cyprus to Turkey as Cyprus was considered an "extension of Anatolia" by them; while since the 19th century, the majority Greek Cypriot population and its Orthodox church had been pursuing union with Greece, which became a Greek national policy in the 1950s. Following nationalist violence in the 1950s, Cyprus was granted independence in 1960. In 1963, the 11-year intercommunal violence between Greek Cypriots and Turkish Cypriots started, which displaced more than 25,000 Turkish Cypriots and brought the end of Turkish Cypriot representation in the republic. On 15 July 1974, a coup d'état was staged by Greek Cypriot nationalists and elements of the Greek military junta in an attempt at enosis, the incorporation of Cyprus into Greece. This action precipitated the Turkish invasion of Cyprus, which led to the capture of the present-day territory of Northern Cyprus the following month, after a ceasefire collapsed, and the displacement of over 150,000 Greek Cypriots and 50,000 Turkish Cypriots. A separate Turkish Cypriot state in the north was established in 1983. These events and the resulting political situation are matters of a continuing dispute. Title: Canan Öztoprak Passage: Canan Öztoprak (born 1955) is a Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus Cabinet Minister appointed in the April 2005 TRNC Government of Prime Minister Ferdi Sabit Soyer. Her portfolios are National Education and Culture. She has been an active peace activist and founding member of the Cyprus Conflict Resolution Trainers Group. Title: Cyprus Passage: In January 1950, the Church of Cyprus organised a referendum under the supervision of clerics and with no Turkish Cypriot participation, where 96% of the participating Greek Cypriots voted in favour of enosis, The Greeks were 80.2% of the total island' s population at the time (census 1946). Restricted autonomy under a constitution was proposed by the British administration but eventually rejected. In 1955 the EOKA organisation was founded, seeking union with Greece through armed struggle. At the same time the Turkish Resistance Organisation (TMT), calling for Taksim, or partition, was established by the Turkish Cypriots as a counterweight. The British had also adopted at the time a policy of "divide and rule". Woodhouse, a British official in Cyprus, revealed that then British Foreign Secretary Harold Macmillan "urged the Britons in Cyprus to stir up the Turks in order to neutralise Greek agitation". British officials also tolerated the creation of the Turkish underground organisation T.M.T. The Secretary of State for the Colonies in a letter dated 15 July 1958 had advised the Governor of Cyprus not to act against T.M.T despite its illegal actions so as not to harm British relations with the Turkish government. Title: Cyprus Passage: Cyprus (i/ˈsaɪprəs/; Greek: Κύπρος IPA: [ˈcipros]; Turkish: Kıbrıs IPA: [ˈkɯbɾɯs]), officially the Republic of Cyprus (Greek: Κυπριακή Δημοκρατία; Turkish: Kıbrıs Cumhuriyeti), is an island country in the Eastern Mediterranean Sea, off the coasts of Syria and Turkey.[e] Cyprus is the third largest and third most populous island in the Mediterranean, and a member state of the European Union. It is located south of Turkey, west of Syria and Lebanon, northwest of Israel and Palestine, north of Egypt and east of Greece. Title: Eurocypria Airlines Passage: Eurocypria was established on 25 March 1992 as a wholly owned subsidiary of Cyprus Airways, as the first Cyprus based charter airline. Operations began on 12 June 1992 with two new Airbus A320 aircraft. Two more were added later. Since 2001, the airline has operated scheduled services from Cyprus, and charter flights. Title: Cyprus Passage: The events of the summer of 1974 dominate the politics on the island, as well as Greco-Turkish relations. Around 150,000 settlers from Turkey are believed to be living in the north—many of whom were forced from Turkey by the Turkish government—in violation of the Geneva Convention and various UN resolutions. Following the invasion and the capture of its northern territory by Turkish troops, the Republic of Cyprus announced that all of its ports of entry in the north were closed, as they were effectively not under its control.[citation needed] Title: Angora, Nebraska Passage: Angora (also Antelope Hill) is an unincorporated community in northern Morrill County, Nebraska, United States. It lies along U.S. Route 385 north of the city of Bridgeport, the county seat of Morrill County. The community was established in 1900 by the Chicago, Burlington, and Quincy Railroad; it was named for the Turkish city of Ankara, which was then known as Angora. The Angora post office was established in 1901, and it remains open with the assigned ZIP code of 69331. Title: Cyprus Passage: Since 1965, following clashes between the two communities, the Turkish Cypriot seats in the House remain vacant. In 1974 Cyprus was divided de facto when the Turkish army occupied the northern third of the island. The Turkish Cypriots subsequently declared independence in 1983 as the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus but were recognised only by Turkey. In 1985 the TRNC adopted a constitution and held its first elections. The United Nations recognises the sovereignty of the Republic of Cyprus over the entire island of Cyprus. Title: Cyprus Passage: According to the 2006 census carried out by Northern Cyprus, there were 256,644 (de jure) people living in Northern Cyprus. 178,031 were citizens of Northern Cyprus, of whom 147,405 were born in Cyprus (112,534 from the north; 32,538 from the south; 371 did not indicate what part of Cyprus they were from); 27,333 born in Turkey; 2,482 born in the UK and 913 born in Bulgaria. Of the 147,405 citizens born in Cyprus, 120,031 say both parents were born in Cyprus; 16,824 say both parents born in Turkey; 10,361 have one parent born in Turkey and one parent born in Cyprus. Title: Cengiz Topel Passage: Cengiz Topel (September 2, 1934, İzmit - August 8, 1964 Cyprus) was a fighter pilot of the Turkish Air Force, who was shot down while supporting the Turkish Cypriots during the 1964 inter-communal conflict Erenköy Resistance (Battle of Tylliria for Greeks). Title: Mosque of the Martyrs Passage: The Mosque of the Martyrs (), also popularly known as the Turkish Mosque, is a mosque in Baku, Azerbaijan, near the Martyrs' Lane. The mosque was built in the beginning of the 1990s with assistance of the Turkish government. The mosque currently is used as an official residence of religious attaché of the Turkish embassy. The mosque has been under construction since 2009. Title: Embassy of Northern Cyprus, Ankara Passage: This embassy was established in late 1983 shortly after Turkey signed a treaty with the TRNC recognizing the November 15 1983 Declaration of Independence of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus. The embassy itself is located in the Ankara suburb of Gaziosmanpaşa (not to be confused by the Istanbul suburb of the same name). Title: Cyprus Passage: Initially, the Turkish Cypriots favoured the continuation of the British rule. However, they were alarmed by the Greek Cypriot calls for enosis as they saw the union of Crete with Greece, which led to the exodus of Cretan Turks, as a precedent to be avoided, and they took a pro-partition stance in response to the militant activity of EOKA. The Turkish Cypriots also viewed themselves as a distinct ethnic group of the island and believed in their having a separate right to self-determination from Greek Cypriots. Meanwhile, in the 1950s, Turkish leader Menderes considered Cyprus an "extension of Anatolia", rejected the partition of Cyprus along ethnic lines and favoured the annexation of the whole island to Turkey. Nationalistic slogans centred on the idea that "Cyprus is Turkish" and the ruling party declared Cyprus to be a part of the Turkish homeland that was vital to its security. Upon realising the fact that the Turkish Cypriot population was only 20% of the islanders made annexation unfeasible, the national policy was changed to favour partition. The slogan "Partition or Death" was frequently used in Turkish Cypriot and Turkish protests starting in the late 1950s and continuing throughout the 1960s. Although after the Zürich and London conferences Turkey seemed to accept the existence of the Cypriot state and to distance itself from its policy of favouring the partition of the island, the goal of the Turkish and Turkish Cypriot leaders remained that of creating an independent Turkish state in the northern part of the island. Title: Cyprus Passage: In 1964, Turkey tried to invade Cyprus in response to the continuing Cypriot intercommunal violence. But Turkey was stopped by a strongly worded telegram from the US President Lyndon B. Johnson on 5 June, warning that the US would not stand beside Turkey in case of a consequential Soviet invasion of Turkish territory. Meanwhile, by 1964, enosis was a Greek policy that could not be abandoned; Makarios and the Greek prime minister Georgios Papandreou agreed that enosis should be the ultimate aim and King Constantine wished Cyprus "a speedy union with the mother country". Greece dispatched 10,000 troops to Cyprus to counter a possible Turkish invasion. Title: Cyprus Passage: The Turkish invasion, followed by occupation and the declaration of independence of the TRNC have been condemned by United Nations resolutions, which are reaffirmed by the Security Council every year. The last major effort to settle the Cyprus dispute was the Annan Plan in 2004, drafted by the then Secretary General, Kofi Annan. The plan was put to a referendum in both Northern Cyprus and the Republic of Cyprus. 65% of Turkish Cypriots voted in support of the plan and 74% Greek Cypriots voted against the plan, claiming that it disproportionately favoured the Turkish side. In total, 66.7% of the voters rejected the Annan Plan V. On 1 May 2004 Cyprus joined the European Union, together with nine other countries. Cyprus was accepted into the EU as a whole, although the EU legislation is suspended in the territory occupied by Turkey (TRNC), until a final settlement of the Cyprus problem. In July 2006, the island served as a haven for people fleeing Lebanon, due to the conflict between Israel and Hezbollah (also called "The July War"). Title: Serdar Denktaş Passage: Serdar Denktaş (in English often spelled "Serdar Denktash") is son of Rauf Denktaş, the former President of the de facto Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus.	[ "Turkish Angora", "Embassy of Northern Cyprus, Ankara" ]
2hop__557376_158069	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Albert Marcellus DeMao (February 29, 1920 – February 1, 2008) was an American football center in the National Football League for the Washington Redskins from 1945 to 1953. He played college football at Duquesne University and was drafted in the eleventh round of the 1942 NFL Draft.", "title": "Al DeMao" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Marcello is a common masculine Italian given name. It is a variant of Marcellus. The Spanish and Portuguese version of the name is Marcelo, differing in having only one \"l\", while the Greek form is Markellos.", "title": "Marcello" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Feeding of the 5,000 is also known as the ``miracle of the five loaves and two fish '', because the Gospel of John reports that five barley loaves and two small fish supplied by a boy were used by Jesus to feed a multitude. According to Matthew's gospel, when Jesus heard that John the Baptist had been killed, he withdrew by boat privately to a solitary place. Luke specifies that the place was near Bethsaida. The crowds followed Jesus on foot from the towns. When Jesus landed and saw a large crowd, he had compassion on them and healed their sick. As evening approached, the disciples came to him and said,`` This is a remote place, and it's already getting late. Send the crowds away, so they can go to the villages and buy themselves some food.''", "title": "Feeding the multitude" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "It is also stated that Hera kidnapped Eileithyia, the goddess of childbirth, to prevent Leto from going into labor. The other gods tricked Hera into letting her go by offering her a necklace, nine yards (8 m) long, of amber. Mythographers agree that Artemis was born first and then assisted with the birth of Apollo, or that Artemis was born one day before Apollo, on the island of Ortygia and that she helped Leto cross the sea to Delos the next day to give birth to Apollo. Apollo was born on the seventh day (ἑβδομαγενής, hebdomagenes) of the month Thargelion —according to Delian tradition—or of the month Bysios—according to Delphian tradition. The seventh and twentieth, the days of the new and full moon, were ever afterwards held sacred to him.", "title": "Apollo" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "BULLET::::- On 4 November 2010, Qantas Flight 32, an Airbus A380 registered VH-OQA, fitted with four Rolls-Royce Trent 972 engines, suffered an uncontained turbine disc failure of its left inboard engine shortly after taking off from Singapore Changi Airport en route to Sydney. The aircraft returned to Singapore and landed safely, and all 440 passengers and 29 crew on board were uninjured.", "title": "Qantas" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Llanddeusant (; \"the church of two saints\") is a small linear village, on Anglesey, North Wales about north east of Holyhead. The village takes its name from its parish church which is dedicated to St. Marcellus and Saint Marcellina.", "title": "Llanddeusant, Anglesey" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Airbus A380 is a double - deck, wide - body, four - engine jet airliner manufactured by European manufacturer Airbus. It is the world's largest passenger airliner, and the airports at which it operates have upgraded facilities to accommodate it. It was initially named Airbus A3XX and designed to challenge Boeing's monopoly in the large - aircraft market. The A380 made its first flight on 27 April 2005 and entered commercial service on 25 October 2007 with Singapore Airlines. An improved version, the A380plus, is under development.", "title": "Airbus A380" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Marcellus Hall was born in Minneapolis, Minnesota, and graduated with a Bachelor of Fine Arts degree from the Rhode Island School of Design where he also learned guitar and harmonica.", "title": "Marcellus Hall" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "GP7000 A GP7270 installed on an Airbus A380. Type Turbofan Manufacturer Engine Alliance First run April 2004 Major applications Airbus A380 Unit cost $13.5 million (2006 USD) Developed from General Electric GE90 Pratt & Whitney PW4000", "title": "Engine Alliance GP7000" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "While Archimedes did not invent the lever, he gave an explanation of the principle involved in his work On the Equilibrium of Planes. Earlier descriptions of the lever are found in the Peripatetic school of the followers of Aristotle, and are sometimes attributed to Archytas. According to Pappus of Alexandria, Archimedes' work on levers caused him to remark: \"Give me a place to stand on, and I will move the Earth.\" (Greek: δῶς μοι πᾶ στῶ καὶ τὰν γᾶν κινάσω) Plutarch describes how Archimedes designed block-and-tackle pulley systems, allowing sailors to use the principle of leverage to lift objects that would otherwise have been too heavy to move. Archimedes has also been credited with improving the power and accuracy of the catapult, and with inventing the odometer during the First Punic War. The odometer was described as a cart with a gear mechanism that dropped a ball into a container after each mile traveled.Cicero (106–43 BC) mentions Archimedes briefly in his dialogue De re publica, which portrays a fictional conversation taking place in 129 BC. After the capture of Syracuse c. 212 BC, General Marcus Claudius Marcellus is said to have taken back to Rome two mechanisms, constructed by Archimedes and used as aids in astronomy, which showed the motion of the Sun, Moon and five planets. Cicero mentions similar mechanisms designed by Thales of Miletus and Eudoxus of Cnidus. The dialogue says that Marcellus kept one of the devices as his only personal loot from Syracuse, and donated the other to the Temple of Virtue in Rome. Marcellus' mechanism was demonstrated, according to Cicero, by Gaius Sulpicius Gallus to Lucius Furius Philus, who described it thus:", "title": "Archimedes" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "William Marcellus Goodrich (* 21 July 1777 in Templeton, Worcester County, Massachusetts; † 15 September 1833) was an organ builder in the United States.", "title": "William M. Goodrich" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Marcellus Emants was born on 12 August 1848 in Voorburg, Netherlands. He was born in a family of magistrates from The Hague. His father was the judge Guilliam Balthasar Emants (1818–1870) and his mother was Anna Elisabeth Petronella Verwey Mejan (1824–1908).", "title": "Marcellus Emants" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Marcello Tegalliano (Latin: \"Marcellus Tegalianus\"; died 726) was, according to tradition, the second Doge of Venice (717–726). He is described as having hailed from Eraclea, and during his nine-year reign was apparently in great disagreement with the nearby Longobards. He died in 726 and was succeeded by Orso Ipato.", "title": "Marcello Tegalliano" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Never Let You Go\" is a pop/rock song that was performed by Dima Bilan at the 2006 Eurovision Song Contest. He was representing Russia and ended up in 2nd place.", "title": "Never Let You Go (Dima Bilan song)" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "97 Aces Go Places is a 1997 Hong Kong action comedy film directed by Chin Kar-lok and starring Alan Tam, Tony Leung, Christy Chung, Donna Chu and Francis Ng. The film is the sixth and final installment of the \"Aces Go Places\" film series and features a different cast and storyline.", "title": "97 Aces Go Places" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Mirabel, Canada (A220)Airbus, however, has a number of other plants in different European locations, reflecting its foundation as a consortium. An original solution to the problem of moving aircraft parts between the different factories and the assembly plants is the use of the Airbus Beluga, a modified cargo aircraft capable of carrying entire sections of fuselage. This solution has also been investigated by Boeing, which retrofitted 4 747-400s to transport the components of the 787. An exception to this scheme is the A380, whose fuselage and wings are too large for sections to be carried by the Beluga. Large A380 parts are brought by ship to Bordeaux, and then transported to the Toulouse assembly plant by the Itinéraire à Grand Gabarit, a specially enlarged waterway and road route.", "title": "Airbus" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In contrast to other Australian children's game shows such as \"Sharky's Friends\", \"A*mazing\", and \"Go Go Stop\", which are filmed on a large set in front of a live studio audience, \"Lab Rats Challenge\" uses several smaller sets resembling an abandoned science laboratory as well as special effects sequences inserted in post-production. It is filmed in Brisbane's Channel 9 studio on Mount Coot-tha, Queensland.", "title": "Lab Rats Challenge" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Kansai Ki-in (関西棋院), i.e., Kansai Go Association, is an organizational body for the game of Go in Japan, which was founded by Hashimoto Utaro in 1950. Though it is not as large as its chief rival, the Nihon Ki-in, it also issues diplomas to strong players and oversees professionals as the Nihon Ki-in does.", "title": "Kansai Ki-in" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Owens is a small unincorporated crossroads community at the intersection of Dahlgren Road, Windsor Drive, and Owens Drive in King George County, Virginia, United States. State Routes 206 and 218 meet at this intersection, with 206 going east towards U.S. Route 301 and Dahlgren, 218 going south towards US 301 and Colonial Beach and 206 and 218 joined together going west towards Arnolds Corner and Fredericksburg. The eastern part of the community is within the Dahlgren census-designated place.", "title": "Owens, Virginia" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Marcellus Empiricus, also known as Marcellus Burdigalensis (“Marcellus of Bordeaux”), was a Latin medical writer from Gaul at the turn of the 4th and 5th centuries. His only extant work is the \"De medicamentis\", a compendium of pharmacological preparations drawing on the work of multiple medical and scientific writers as well as on folk remedies and magic. It is a significant if quirky text in the history of European medical writing, an infrequent subject of monographs, but regularly mined as a source for magic charms, Celtic herbology and lore, and the linguistic study of Gaulish and Vulgar Latin. \"Bonus auctor est\" (“he’s a good authority”) was the judgment of J.J. Scaliger, while the science historian George Sarton called the \"De medicamentis\" an “extraordinary mixture of traditional knowledge, popular (Celtic) medicine, and rank superstition.” Marcellus is usually identified with the \"magister officiorum\" of that name who held office during the reign of Theodosius I.", "title": "Marcellus Empiricus" } ]	Where do the large A380s go after leaving Marcellus Empiricus's birth city?	transported to the Toulouse assembly plant	[ "Toulouse" ]	Title: Qantas Passage: BULLET::::- On 4 November 2010, Qantas Flight 32, an Airbus A380 registered VH-OQA, fitted with four Rolls-Royce Trent 972 engines, suffered an uncontained turbine disc failure of its left inboard engine shortly after taking off from Singapore Changi Airport en route to Sydney. The aircraft returned to Singapore and landed safely, and all 440 passengers and 29 crew on board were uninjured. Title: Feeding the multitude Passage: The Feeding of the 5,000 is also known as the ``miracle of the five loaves and two fish '', because the Gospel of John reports that five barley loaves and two small fish supplied by a boy were used by Jesus to feed a multitude. According to Matthew's gospel, when Jesus heard that John the Baptist had been killed, he withdrew by boat privately to a solitary place. Luke specifies that the place was near Bethsaida. The crowds followed Jesus on foot from the towns. When Jesus landed and saw a large crowd, he had compassion on them and healed their sick. As evening approached, the disciples came to him and said,`` This is a remote place, and it's already getting late. Send the crowds away, so they can go to the villages and buy themselves some food.'' Title: Al DeMao Passage: Albert Marcellus DeMao (February 29, 1920 – February 1, 2008) was an American football center in the National Football League for the Washington Redskins from 1945 to 1953. He played college football at Duquesne University and was drafted in the eleventh round of the 1942 NFL Draft. Title: Owens, Virginia Passage: Owens is a small unincorporated crossroads community at the intersection of Dahlgren Road, Windsor Drive, and Owens Drive in King George County, Virginia, United States. State Routes 206 and 218 meet at this intersection, with 206 going east towards U.S. Route 301 and Dahlgren, 218 going south towards US 301 and Colonial Beach and 206 and 218 joined together going west towards Arnolds Corner and Fredericksburg. The eastern part of the community is within the Dahlgren census-designated place. Title: Never Let You Go (Dima Bilan song) Passage: "Never Let You Go" is a pop/rock song that was performed by Dima Bilan at the 2006 Eurovision Song Contest. He was representing Russia and ended up in 2nd place. Title: Kansai Ki-in Passage: The Kansai Ki-in (関西棋院), i.e., Kansai Go Association, is an organizational body for the game of Go in Japan, which was founded by Hashimoto Utaro in 1950. Though it is not as large as its chief rival, the Nihon Ki-in, it also issues diplomas to strong players and oversees professionals as the Nihon Ki-in does. Title: Airbus A380 Passage: The Airbus A380 is a double - deck, wide - body, four - engine jet airliner manufactured by European manufacturer Airbus. It is the world's largest passenger airliner, and the airports at which it operates have upgraded facilities to accommodate it. It was initially named Airbus A3XX and designed to challenge Boeing's monopoly in the large - aircraft market. The A380 made its first flight on 27 April 2005 and entered commercial service on 25 October 2007 with Singapore Airlines. An improved version, the A380plus, is under development. Title: Lab Rats Challenge Passage: In contrast to other Australian children's game shows such as "Sharky's Friends", "Amazing", and "Go Go Stop", which are filmed on a large set in front of a live studio audience, "Lab Rats Challenge" uses several smaller sets resembling an abandoned science laboratory as well as special effects sequences inserted in post-production. It is filmed in Brisbane's Channel 9 studio on Mount Coot-tha, Queensland. Title: Marcellus Hall Passage: Marcellus Hall was born in Minneapolis, Minnesota, and graduated with a Bachelor of Fine Arts degree from the Rhode Island School of Design where he also learned guitar and harmonica. Title: Airbus Passage: Mirabel, Canada (A220)Airbus, however, has a number of other plants in different European locations, reflecting its foundation as a consortium. An original solution to the problem of moving aircraft parts between the different factories and the assembly plants is the use of the Airbus Beluga, a modified cargo aircraft capable of carrying entire sections of fuselage. This solution has also been investigated by Boeing, which retrofitted 4 747-400s to transport the components of the 787. An exception to this scheme is the A380, whose fuselage and wings are too large for sections to be carried by the Beluga. Large A380 parts are brought by ship to Bordeaux, and then transported to the Toulouse assembly plant by the Itinéraire à Grand Gabarit, a specially enlarged waterway and road route. Title: Apollo Passage: It is also stated that Hera kidnapped Eileithyia, the goddess of childbirth, to prevent Leto from going into labor. The other gods tricked Hera into letting her go by offering her a necklace, nine yards (8 m) long, of amber. Mythographers agree that Artemis was born first and then assisted with the birth of Apollo, or that Artemis was born one day before Apollo, on the island of Ortygia and that she helped Leto cross the sea to Delos the next day to give birth to Apollo. Apollo was born on the seventh day (ἑβδομαγενής, hebdomagenes) of the month Thargelion —according to Delian tradition—or of the month Bysios—according to Delphian tradition. The seventh and twentieth, the days of the new and full moon, were ever afterwards held sacred to him. Title: William M. Goodrich Passage: William Marcellus Goodrich ( 21 July 1777 in Templeton, Worcester County, Massachusetts; † 15 September 1833) was an organ builder in the United States. Title: Engine Alliance GP7000 Passage: GP7000 A GP7270 installed on an Airbus A380. Type Turbofan Manufacturer Engine Alliance First run April 2004 Major applications Airbus A380 Unit cost $13.5 million (2006 USD) Developed from General Electric GE90 Pratt & Whitney PW4000 Title: Llanddeusant, Anglesey Passage: Llanddeusant (; "the church of two saints") is a small linear village, on Anglesey, North Wales about north east of Holyhead. The village takes its name from its parish church which is dedicated to St. Marcellus and Saint Marcellina. Title: Archimedes Passage: While Archimedes did not invent the lever, he gave an explanation of the principle involved in his work On the Equilibrium of Planes. Earlier descriptions of the lever are found in the Peripatetic school of the followers of Aristotle, and are sometimes attributed to Archytas. According to Pappus of Alexandria, Archimedes' work on levers caused him to remark: "Give me a place to stand on, and I will move the Earth." (Greek: δῶς μοι πᾶ στῶ καὶ τὰν γᾶν κινάσω) Plutarch describes how Archimedes designed block-and-tackle pulley systems, allowing sailors to use the principle of leverage to lift objects that would otherwise have been too heavy to move. Archimedes has also been credited with improving the power and accuracy of the catapult, and with inventing the odometer during the First Punic War. The odometer was described as a cart with a gear mechanism that dropped a ball into a container after each mile traveled.Cicero (106–43 BC) mentions Archimedes briefly in his dialogue De re publica, which portrays a fictional conversation taking place in 129 BC. After the capture of Syracuse c. 212 BC, General Marcus Claudius Marcellus is said to have taken back to Rome two mechanisms, constructed by Archimedes and used as aids in astronomy, which showed the motion of the Sun, Moon and five planets. Cicero mentions similar mechanisms designed by Thales of Miletus and Eudoxus of Cnidus. The dialogue says that Marcellus kept one of the devices as his only personal loot from Syracuse, and donated the other to the Temple of Virtue in Rome. Marcellus' mechanism was demonstrated, according to Cicero, by Gaius Sulpicius Gallus to Lucius Furius Philus, who described it thus: Title: 97 Aces Go Places Passage: 97 Aces Go Places is a 1997 Hong Kong action comedy film directed by Chin Kar-lok and starring Alan Tam, Tony Leung, Christy Chung, Donna Chu and Francis Ng. The film is the sixth and final installment of the "Aces Go Places" film series and features a different cast and storyline. Title: Marcellus Emants Passage: Marcellus Emants was born on 12 August 1848 in Voorburg, Netherlands. He was born in a family of magistrates from The Hague. His father was the judge Guilliam Balthasar Emants (1818–1870) and his mother was Anna Elisabeth Petronella Verwey Mejan (1824–1908). Title: Marcello Passage: Marcello is a common masculine Italian given name. It is a variant of Marcellus. The Spanish and Portuguese version of the name is Marcelo, differing in having only one "l", while the Greek form is Markellos. Title: Marcello Tegalliano Passage: Marcello Tegalliano (Latin: "Marcellus Tegalianus"; died 726) was, according to tradition, the second Doge of Venice (717–726). He is described as having hailed from Eraclea, and during his nine-year reign was apparently in great disagreement with the nearby Longobards. He died in 726 and was succeeded by Orso Ipato. Title: Marcellus Empiricus Passage: Marcellus Empiricus, also known as Marcellus Burdigalensis (“Marcellus of Bordeaux”), was a Latin medical writer from Gaul at the turn of the 4th and 5th centuries. His only extant work is the "De medicamentis", a compendium of pharmacological preparations drawing on the work of multiple medical and scientific writers as well as on folk remedies and magic. It is a significant if quirky text in the history of European medical writing, an infrequent subject of monographs, but regularly mined as a source for magic charms, Celtic herbology and lore, and the linguistic study of Gaulish and Vulgar Latin. "Bonus auctor est" (“he’s a good authority”) was the judgment of J.J. Scaliger, while the science historian George Sarton called the "De medicamentis" an “extraordinary mixture of traditional knowledge, popular (Celtic) medicine, and rank superstition.” Marcellus is usually identified with the "magister officiorum" of that name who held office during the reign of Theodosius I.	[ "Airbus", "Marcellus Empiricus" ]
2hop__37046_17274	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Kullfi Kumarr Bajewala Genre Family Created by Nilanjana Purkasthya Written by Story: Sahana Faizal Aziz Lakshmi Jayakumar Swechchha Singh Dialogues: Divya Nidhi Sharma Aparjit Sharma Sinha Music: Shashank Kunwar Shaheen Iqbal Satya Sharma Directed by Pradeep Yadav Creative director (s) Yashraj Shukla Starring Aakriti Sharma Mohit Malik Anjali Anand Myra Singh Shruti Sharma Opening theme ``Pet Bechara ''by Rashi Salil Harmalkar Composer (s) Original Score: Sargam Jassu Nakash Aziz Background score: Sanjeev Srivastava Country of origin India Original language (s) Hindi (primary) English (minor) No. of seasons No. of episodes 52 (as of 29 May 2018) Production Producer (s) Gul Khan Karishma Jain Nilanjana Purkayasstha Herumb Khot News editor (s) Screen Journal Location (s) Pathankot Mumbai Cinematography Sandeep Yadav Mohseen Swan Camera setup Multi camera Running time 22 min approx Production company (s) 4 Lions Films Invictus T Mediaworks Distributor Star India (21st Century Fox) Novi Digital Entertainment Release Original network Star Plus Picture format 576i SDTV 1080i HDTV Audio format Dolby Digital Digital Audio Original release 19 March 2018 (2018 - 03 - 19) -- present Chronology Related shows Potol Kumar Gaanwala External links Hotstar Production website", "title": "Kullfi Kumarr Bajewala" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The crisis had a major impact on international relations and created a rift within NATO. Some European nations and Japan sought to disassociate themselves from United States foreign policy in the Middle East to avoid being targeted by the boycott. Arab oil producers linked any future policy changes to peace between the belligerents. To address this, the Nixon Administration began multilateral negotiations with the combatants. They arranged for Israel to pull back from the Sinai Peninsula and the Golan Heights. By January 18, 1974, US Secretary of State Henry Kissinger had negotiated an Israeli troop withdrawal from parts of the Sinai Peninsula. The promise of a negotiated settlement between Israel and Syria was enough to convince Arab oil producers to lift the embargo in March 1974.", "title": "1973 oil crisis" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The springs, and the mountain itself, are much contested by the nations of the area for the use of the water. Mount Hermon is also called the ``snowy mountain, ''the`` gray - haired mountain'', and the ``mountain of snow ''. It is also called`` the eyes of the nation'' in Israel because its elevation makes it Israel's primary strategic early warning system.", "title": "Mount Hermon" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Dan Kutler (born May 2, 1970 in Mountain View, California) is a former butterfly swimmer, who was born in the United States, and swam for Israel in the 1996 Olympics in Atlanta. He grew up in Santa Clara, California, and competed for UCLA from 1988 to 1992 where he was a 7-time All American. Kutler then moved to Israel in 1994 to begin swimming for their national team in preparation for the 1996 Olympics in Atlanta. In Atlanta, he swam the four-man 4x100 meter medley with Yoav Bruck, Eitan Urbach, and Vadim Alexeev. The team reached the final, taking eighth place. He retired after the Olympics.", "title": "Dan Kutler" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Myra Strober received her degree from Cornell University School of Industrial and Labor Relations in 1962. In 1965 she gained a masters in economics from Tufts University, Boston. Her economics doctorate came from MIT in 1969.", "title": "Myra Strober" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Germany's strong ties with Israel include cooperation on scientific and educational endeavors and the two states remain strong economic and military partners. Under the reparations agreement, by 2007[update] Germany had paid 25 billion euros in reparations to the Israeli state and individual Israeli Holocaust survivors. The UK has kept full diplomatic relations with Israel since its formation having had two visits from heads of state in 2007. The UK is seen as having a \"natural\" relationship with Israel on account of the British Mandate for Palestine. Relations between the two countries were also made stronger by former prime minister Tony Blair's efforts for a two state resolution. Israel is included in the European Union's European Neighbourhood Policy (ENP), which aims at bringing the EU and its neighbours closer.", "title": "Israel" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Although Turkey and Israel did not establish full diplomatic relations until 1991, Turkey has cooperated with the State since its recognition of Israel in 1949. Turkey's ties to the other Muslim-majority nations in the region have at times resulted in pressure from Arab and Muslim states to temper its relationship with Israel. Relations between Turkey and Israel took a downturn after the 2008–09 Gaza War and Israel's raid of the Gaza flotilla. IHH, which organized the flotilla, is a Turkish charity that has been challenged on ties to Hamas and Al-Qaeda. Relations between Israel and Greece have improved since 1995 due to the decline of Israeli-Turkish relations. The two countries have a defense cooperation agreement and in 2010, the Israeli Air Force hosted Greece’s Hellenic Air Force in a joint exercise at the Uvda base. Israel is the second largest importer of Greek products in the Middle East. The joint Cyprus-Israel oil and gas explorations centered on the Leviathan gas field are an important factor for Greece, given its strong links with Cyprus. Cooperation in the world's longest sub-sea electric power cable, the EuroAsia Interconnector, has strengthened relations between Cyprus and Israel.", "title": "Israel" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``The Touch of the Master's Hand '', also sometimes called The Old Violin, is a Christian poem written in 1921 by Myra Brooks Welch.", "title": "The Touch of the Master's Hand" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Arab nationalists led by Egyptian President Gamal Abdel Nasser refused to recognize Israel, and called for its destruction. By 1966, Israeli-Arab relations had deteriorated to the point of actual battles taking place between Israeli and Arab forces. In May 1967, Egypt massed its army near the border with Israel, expelled UN peacekeepers, stationed in the Sinai Peninsula since 1957, and blocked Israel's access to the Red Sea[citation needed]. Other Arab states mobilized their forces. Israel reiterated that these actions were a casus belli. On 5 June 1967, Israel launched a pre-emptive strike against Egypt. Jordan, Syria and Iraq responded and attacked Israel. In a Six-Day War, Israel defeated Jordan and captured the West Bank, defeated Egypt and captured the Gaza Strip and Sinai Peninsula, and defeated Syria and captured the Golan Heights. Jerusalem's boundaries were enlarged, incorporating East Jerusalem, and the 1949 Green Line became the administrative boundary between Israel and the occupied territories.", "title": "Israel" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In 1992, Yitzhak Rabin became Prime Minister following an election in which his party called for compromise with Israel's neighbors. The following year, Shimon Peres on behalf of Israel, and Mahmoud Abbas for the PLO, signed the Oslo Accords, which gave the Palestinian National Authority the right to govern parts of the West Bank and the Gaza Strip. The PLO also recognized Israel's right to exist and pledged an end to terrorism. In 1994, the Israel–Jordan Treaty of Peace was signed, making Jordan the second Arab country to normalize relations with Israel. Arab public support for the Accords was damaged by the continuation of Israeli settlements and checkpoints, and the deterioration of economic conditions. Israeli public support for the Accords waned as Israel was struck by Palestinian suicide attacks. Finally, while leaving a peace rally in November 1995, Yitzhak Rabin was assassinated by a far-right-wing Jew who opposed the Accords.", "title": "Israel" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Electron mobility is almost always specified in units of cm / (V s). This is different from the SI unit of mobility, m / (V s). They are related by 1m / (V s) = 10 cm / (V s).", "title": "Electron mobility" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Dan Margalit was born and raised in Tel Aviv. His father, Israel, was a doctor, and his mother, Ora, was a psychologist. He studied international relations and modern Jewish history at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. He began writing for the Israeli newspaper \"Haaretz\" in the 1960s.", "title": "Dan Margalit" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Jerusalem AIDS Project (JAIP) is an international HIV/AIDS-focused NGO, founded in 1986 and based in Jerusalem, Israel. It is a national (Israel), regional (Middle East) and international leader in HIV/AIDS prevention efforts in young people, including school pupils, university students and men and women in uniform, commended by the United Nations in 2006 for its approach.", "title": "Jerusalem AIDS Project" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Modern Orthodoxy, as a stream of Orthodox Judaism represented by institutions such as the U.S. National Council for Young Israel, is pro-Zionist and thus places a high national, as well as religious, significance on the State of Israel, and its affiliates are, typically, Zionist in orientation. It also practices involvement with non-Orthodox Jews that extends beyond \"outreach (Kiruv)\" to continued institutional relations and cooperation; see further under Torah Umadda. Other \"core beliefs\" are a recognition of the value and importance of secular studies, a commitment to equality of education for both men and women, and a full acceptance of the importance of being able to financially support oneself and one's family.", "title": "Orthodox Judaism" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Kremer is one of two children, born in Tel Aviv, Israel, to Yitzhak and Dora Tarshish. When Kremer was eight years old her family immigrated to Brooklyn, New York, from Israel. Kremer began drawing at the age of 10 and later began taking classes at the Brooklyn Museum in life drawing.", "title": "Naomie Kremer" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Israel Museum in Jerusalem is one of Israel's most important cultural institutions and houses the Dead Sea scrolls, along with an extensive collection of Judaica and European art. Israel's national Holocaust museum, Yad Vashem, is the world central archive of Holocaust-related information. Beth Hatefutsoth (the Diaspora Museum), on the campus of Tel Aviv University, is an interactive museum devoted to the history of Jewish communities around the world. Apart from the major museums in large cities, there are high-quality artspaces in many towns and kibbutzim. Mishkan Le'Omanut on Kibbutz Ein Harod Meuhad is the largest art museum in the north of the country.", "title": "Israel" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Men's National Invitation Tournament Current season, competition or edition: 2018 National Invitation Tournament National Invitation Tournament Sport College Basketball Founded 1938 Founder Metropolitan Basketball Writers Association No. of teams 32 Most recent champion (s) Penn State (2) Most titles St. John's (5) TV partner (s) ESPN Related competitions NIT Season Tip - Off NCAA Men's Division I Basketball Championship College Basketball Invitational CollegeInsider.com Postseason Tournament Vegas 16 Official website https://www.ncaa.com/championships/basketball-men/nit", "title": "National Invitation Tournament" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Red is the color most commonly associated with joy and well being. It is the color of celebration and ceremony. A red carpet is often used to welcome distinguished guests. Red is also the traditional color of seats in opera houses and theaters. Scarlet academic gowns are worn by new Doctors of Philosophy at degree ceremonies at Oxford University and other schools. In China, it is considered the color of good fortune and prosperity, and it is the color traditionally worn by brides. In Christian countries, it is the color traditionally worn at Christmas by Santa Claus, because in the 4th century the historic Saint Nicholas was the Greek Christian Bishop of Myra, in modern-day Turkey, and bishops then dressed in red.", "title": "Red" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Galia Sabar (, born 1963, Israel) is the President of Ruppin Academic Center, one of Israel leading public colleges. Prior, she was a Professor of African Studies at Tel Aviv University and the Chair of African Studies at the Department of Middle Eastern and African History at Tel Aviv University, where she also served as the Coordinator of African Studies at the S. Daniel Abraham Center for International and Regional Studies. Sabar has published seven books and dozens of articles in professional journals. In addition to her academic research, Sabar has been a leading social activist in Israel mainly in relation to Ethiopian immigrants as well as in partnership with various NGOs assisting African labor migrants and asylum seekers. In May 2009, in recognition of her work combining academic rigor with social activism, Sabar received the Unsung Heroes of Compassion Award, sponsored by the international organization Wisdom in Action and delivered by the 14th Dalai Lama.", "title": "Galia Sabar" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "At the other extreme mountainous regions can be windy, cold, and areas at elevation of 750 meters or more (same elevation as Jerusalem) will usually receive at least one snowfall each year. From May to September, rain in Israel is rare. With scarce water resources, Israel has developed various water-saving technologies, including drip irrigation. Israelis also take advantage of the considerable sunlight available for solar energy, making Israel the leading nation in solar energy use per capita (practically every house uses solar panels for water heating).", "title": "Israel" } ]	When did the relationship between Israel and the country that contained Myra deteriorate?	after the 2008–09 Gaza War	[ "Gaza War" ]	Title: 1973 oil crisis Passage: The crisis had a major impact on international relations and created a rift within NATO. Some European nations and Japan sought to disassociate themselves from United States foreign policy in the Middle East to avoid being targeted by the boycott. Arab oil producers linked any future policy changes to peace between the belligerents. To address this, the Nixon Administration began multilateral negotiations with the combatants. They arranged for Israel to pull back from the Sinai Peninsula and the Golan Heights. By January 18, 1974, US Secretary of State Henry Kissinger had negotiated an Israeli troop withdrawal from parts of the Sinai Peninsula. The promise of a negotiated settlement between Israel and Syria was enough to convince Arab oil producers to lift the embargo in March 1974. Title: Jerusalem AIDS Project Passage: The Jerusalem AIDS Project (JAIP) is an international HIV/AIDS-focused NGO, founded in 1986 and based in Jerusalem, Israel. It is a national (Israel), regional (Middle East) and international leader in HIV/AIDS prevention efforts in young people, including school pupils, university students and men and women in uniform, commended by the United Nations in 2006 for its approach. Title: Red Passage: Red is the color most commonly associated with joy and well being. It is the color of celebration and ceremony. A red carpet is often used to welcome distinguished guests. Red is also the traditional color of seats in opera houses and theaters. Scarlet academic gowns are worn by new Doctors of Philosophy at degree ceremonies at Oxford University and other schools. In China, it is considered the color of good fortune and prosperity, and it is the color traditionally worn by brides. In Christian countries, it is the color traditionally worn at Christmas by Santa Claus, because in the 4th century the historic Saint Nicholas was the Greek Christian Bishop of Myra, in modern-day Turkey, and bishops then dressed in red. Title: Dan Kutler Passage: Dan Kutler (born May 2, 1970 in Mountain View, California) is a former butterfly swimmer, who was born in the United States, and swam for Israel in the 1996 Olympics in Atlanta. He grew up in Santa Clara, California, and competed for UCLA from 1988 to 1992 where he was a 7-time All American. Kutler then moved to Israel in 1994 to begin swimming for their national team in preparation for the 1996 Olympics in Atlanta. In Atlanta, he swam the four-man 4x100 meter medley with Yoav Bruck, Eitan Urbach, and Vadim Alexeev. The team reached the final, taking eighth place. He retired after the Olympics. Title: The Touch of the Master's Hand Passage: ``The Touch of the Master's Hand '', also sometimes called The Old Violin, is a Christian poem written in 1921 by Myra Brooks Welch. Title: Israel Passage: At the other extreme mountainous regions can be windy, cold, and areas at elevation of 750 meters or more (same elevation as Jerusalem) will usually receive at least one snowfall each year. From May to September, rain in Israel is rare. With scarce water resources, Israel has developed various water-saving technologies, including drip irrigation. Israelis also take advantage of the considerable sunlight available for solar energy, making Israel the leading nation in solar energy use per capita (practically every house uses solar panels for water heating). Title: Israel Passage: Germany's strong ties with Israel include cooperation on scientific and educational endeavors and the two states remain strong economic and military partners. Under the reparations agreement, by 2007[update] Germany had paid 25 billion euros in reparations to the Israeli state and individual Israeli Holocaust survivors. The UK has kept full diplomatic relations with Israel since its formation having had two visits from heads of state in 2007. The UK is seen as having a "natural" relationship with Israel on account of the British Mandate for Palestine. Relations between the two countries were also made stronger by former prime minister Tony Blair's efforts for a two state resolution. Israel is included in the European Union's European Neighbourhood Policy (ENP), which aims at bringing the EU and its neighbours closer. Title: Electron mobility Passage: Electron mobility is almost always specified in units of cm / (V s). This is different from the SI unit of mobility, m / (V s). They are related by 1m / (V s) = 10 cm / (V s). Title: Israel Passage: The Israel Museum in Jerusalem is one of Israel's most important cultural institutions and houses the Dead Sea scrolls, along with an extensive collection of Judaica and European art. Israel's national Holocaust museum, Yad Vashem, is the world central archive of Holocaust-related information. Beth Hatefutsoth (the Diaspora Museum), on the campus of Tel Aviv University, is an interactive museum devoted to the history of Jewish communities around the world. Apart from the major museums in large cities, there are high-quality artspaces in many towns and kibbutzim. Mishkan Le'Omanut on Kibbutz Ein Harod Meuhad is the largest art museum in the north of the country. Title: Galia Sabar Passage: Galia Sabar (, born 1963, Israel) is the President of Ruppin Academic Center, one of Israel leading public colleges. Prior, she was a Professor of African Studies at Tel Aviv University and the Chair of African Studies at the Department of Middle Eastern and African History at Tel Aviv University, where she also served as the Coordinator of African Studies at the S. Daniel Abraham Center for International and Regional Studies. Sabar has published seven books and dozens of articles in professional journals. In addition to her academic research, Sabar has been a leading social activist in Israel mainly in relation to Ethiopian immigrants as well as in partnership with various NGOs assisting African labor migrants and asylum seekers. In May 2009, in recognition of her work combining academic rigor with social activism, Sabar received the Unsung Heroes of Compassion Award, sponsored by the international organization Wisdom in Action and delivered by the 14th Dalai Lama. Title: Mount Hermon Passage: The springs, and the mountain itself, are much contested by the nations of the area for the use of the water. Mount Hermon is also called the ``snowy mountain, ''the`` gray - haired mountain'', and the ``mountain of snow ''. It is also called`` the eyes of the nation'' in Israel because its elevation makes it Israel's primary strategic early warning system. Title: Myra Strober Passage: Myra Strober received her degree from Cornell University School of Industrial and Labor Relations in 1962. In 1965 she gained a masters in economics from Tufts University, Boston. Her economics doctorate came from MIT in 1969. Title: Israel Passage: In 1992, Yitzhak Rabin became Prime Minister following an election in which his party called for compromise with Israel's neighbors. The following year, Shimon Peres on behalf of Israel, and Mahmoud Abbas for the PLO, signed the Oslo Accords, which gave the Palestinian National Authority the right to govern parts of the West Bank and the Gaza Strip. The PLO also recognized Israel's right to exist and pledged an end to terrorism. In 1994, the Israel–Jordan Treaty of Peace was signed, making Jordan the second Arab country to normalize relations with Israel. Arab public support for the Accords was damaged by the continuation of Israeli settlements and checkpoints, and the deterioration of economic conditions. Israeli public support for the Accords waned as Israel was struck by Palestinian suicide attacks. Finally, while leaving a peace rally in November 1995, Yitzhak Rabin was assassinated by a far-right-wing Jew who opposed the Accords. Title: National Invitation Tournament Passage: Men's National Invitation Tournament Current season, competition or edition: 2018 National Invitation Tournament National Invitation Tournament Sport College Basketball Founded 1938 Founder Metropolitan Basketball Writers Association No. of teams 32 Most recent champion (s) Penn State (2) Most titles St. John's (5) TV partner (s) ESPN Related competitions NIT Season Tip - Off NCAA Men's Division I Basketball Championship College Basketball Invitational CollegeInsider.com Postseason Tournament Vegas 16 Official website https://www.ncaa.com/championships/basketball-men/nit Title: Kullfi Kumarr Bajewala Passage: Kullfi Kumarr Bajewala Genre Family Created by Nilanjana Purkasthya Written by Story: Sahana Faizal Aziz Lakshmi Jayakumar Swechchha Singh Dialogues: Divya Nidhi Sharma Aparjit Sharma Sinha Music: Shashank Kunwar Shaheen Iqbal Satya Sharma Directed by Pradeep Yadav Creative director (s) Yashraj Shukla Starring Aakriti Sharma Mohit Malik Anjali Anand Myra Singh Shruti Sharma Opening theme ``Pet Bechara ''by Rashi Salil Harmalkar Composer (s) Original Score: Sargam Jassu Nakash Aziz Background score: Sanjeev Srivastava Country of origin India Original language (s) Hindi (primary) English (minor) No. of seasons No. of episodes 52 (as of 29 May 2018) Production Producer (s) Gul Khan Karishma Jain Nilanjana Purkayasstha Herumb Khot News editor (s) Screen Journal Location (s) Pathankot Mumbai Cinematography Sandeep Yadav Mohseen Swan Camera setup Multi camera Running time 22 min approx Production company (s) 4 Lions Films Invictus T Mediaworks Distributor Star India (21st Century Fox) Novi Digital Entertainment Release Original network Star Plus Picture format 576i SDTV 1080i HDTV Audio format Dolby Digital Digital Audio Original release 19 March 2018 (2018 - 03 - 19) -- present Chronology Related shows Potol Kumar Gaanwala External links Hotstar Production website Title: Israel Passage: Although Turkey and Israel did not establish full diplomatic relations until 1991, Turkey has cooperated with the State since its recognition of Israel in 1949. Turkey's ties to the other Muslim-majority nations in the region have at times resulted in pressure from Arab and Muslim states to temper its relationship with Israel. Relations between Turkey and Israel took a downturn after the 2008–09 Gaza War and Israel's raid of the Gaza flotilla. IHH, which organized the flotilla, is a Turkish charity that has been challenged on ties to Hamas and Al-Qaeda. Relations between Israel and Greece have improved since 1995 due to the decline of Israeli-Turkish relations. The two countries have a defense cooperation agreement and in 2010, the Israeli Air Force hosted Greece’s Hellenic Air Force in a joint exercise at the Uvda base. Israel is the second largest importer of Greek products in the Middle East. The joint Cyprus-Israel oil and gas explorations centered on the Leviathan gas field are an important factor for Greece, given its strong links with Cyprus. Cooperation in the world's longest sub-sea electric power cable, the EuroAsia Interconnector, has strengthened relations between Cyprus and Israel. Title: Orthodox Judaism Passage: Modern Orthodoxy, as a stream of Orthodox Judaism represented by institutions such as the U.S. National Council for Young Israel, is pro-Zionist and thus places a high national, as well as religious, significance on the State of Israel, and its affiliates are, typically, Zionist in orientation. It also practices involvement with non-Orthodox Jews that extends beyond "outreach (Kiruv)" to continued institutional relations and cooperation; see further under Torah Umadda. Other "core beliefs" are a recognition of the value and importance of secular studies, a commitment to equality of education for both men and women, and a full acceptance of the importance of being able to financially support oneself and one's family. Title: Israel Passage: Arab nationalists led by Egyptian President Gamal Abdel Nasser refused to recognize Israel, and called for its destruction. By 1966, Israeli-Arab relations had deteriorated to the point of actual battles taking place between Israeli and Arab forces. In May 1967, Egypt massed its army near the border with Israel, expelled UN peacekeepers, stationed in the Sinai Peninsula since 1957, and blocked Israel's access to the Red Sea[citation needed]. Other Arab states mobilized their forces. Israel reiterated that these actions were a casus belli. On 5 June 1967, Israel launched a pre-emptive strike against Egypt. Jordan, Syria and Iraq responded and attacked Israel. In a Six-Day War, Israel defeated Jordan and captured the West Bank, defeated Egypt and captured the Gaza Strip and Sinai Peninsula, and defeated Syria and captured the Golan Heights. Jerusalem's boundaries were enlarged, incorporating East Jerusalem, and the 1949 Green Line became the administrative boundary between Israel and the occupied territories. Title: Dan Margalit Passage: Dan Margalit was born and raised in Tel Aviv. His father, Israel, was a doctor, and his mother, Ora, was a psychologist. He studied international relations and modern Jewish history at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. He began writing for the Israeli newspaper "Haaretz" in the 1960s. Title: Naomie Kremer Passage: Kremer is one of two children, born in Tel Aviv, Israel, to Yitzhak and Dora Tarshish. When Kremer was eight years old her family immigrated to Brooklyn, New York, from Israel. Kremer began drawing at the age of 10 and later began taking classes at the Brooklyn Museum in life drawing.	[ "Israel", "Red" ]
2hop__649598_70763	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Puerto Ricans are by law citizens of the United States and may move freely between the island and the mainland. As it is not a state, Puerto Rico does not have a vote in the United States Congress, which governs the territory with full jurisdiction under the Puerto Rico Federal Relations Act of 1950. However, Puerto Rico does have one non-voting member of the House called a Resident Commissioner. As residents of a U.S. territory, American citizens in Puerto Rico are disenfranchised at the national level and do not vote for president and vice president of the United States, and do not pay federal income tax on Puerto Rican income. Like other territories and the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico does not have U.S. senators. Congress approved a local constitution in 1952, allowing U.S. citizens on the territory to elect a governor. A 2012 referendum showed a majority (54% of those who voted) disagreed with ``the present form of territorial status ''. A second question asking about a new model, had full statehood the preferred option among those who voted for a change of status, although a significant number of people did not answer the second question of the referendum. A fifth referendum was held on June 11, 2017, with`` Statehood'' and ``Independence / Free Association ''initially as the only available choices. At the recommendation of the Department of Justice, an option for the`` current territorial status'' was added. The referendum showed an overwhelming support for statehood, with 97.18% voting for it, although the voter turnout had a historically low figure of only 22.99% of the registered voters casting their ballots.", "title": "Puerto Rico" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Jora Singh (born 1 January 1979) is an Indian track and field athlete from Haryana who specializes in the decathlon. Jora held the Indian National record of 7502 points set during the Federation Cup held in New Delhi on 2 March 2006 before being broken by Bharatinder Singh in 2011. He broke Kulwinder Singh's previous mark of 7325 points, registered in Chennai in August 2005.", "title": "Jora Singh" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Puerto Rico has been discussed as a potential 51st state of the United States. In a 2012 status referendum a majority of voters, 54%, expressed dissatisfaction with the current political relationship. In a separate question, 61% of voters supported statehood (excluding the 26% of voters who left this question blank). On December 11, 2012, Puerto Rico's legislature resolved to request that the President and the U.S. Congress act on the results, end the current form of territorial status and begin the process of admitting Puerto Rico to the Union as a state.", "title": "51st state" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Neha Devi Singh was born on 9 August 1981 in Mumbai, India. Singh received a degree in Economics from St. Xavier's College. She set out to seek work in the television industry. She pursued a career as a director or producer, but became an actor.", "title": "Neha Devi Singh" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Since 1952, five people have been Chief Minister of Himachal Pradesh. Three of these belonged to the Indian National Congress party, including inaugural office - holder Yashwant Singh Parmar. After his first term ended in 1956, Himachal Pradesh was made a union territory, and the office of Chief Minister ceased to exist. In 1963, Parmar once again became Chief Minister, and during his reign, in 1971, Himachal regained full statehood. Until March 2015, when he was surpassed by Virbhadra Singh, Parmar was the state's longest - serving chief minister. Since 1993, the chief ministership has changed hands every five years between Virbhadra Singh of the Congress and Prem Kumar Dhumal of the Bharatiya Janata Party. The current incumbent is Jai Ram Thakur of the Bharatiya Janata Party having been sworn in on 27 December 2017.", "title": "List of chief ministers of Himachal Pradesh" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Saul (/ sɔːl /; Hebrew: שָׁאוּל, Šāʼûl; ``asked for, prayed for ''; Latin: Saul; Arabic: طالوت ‎ ‎, Ṭālūt or Arabic: شاؤل ‎ ‎, Sha'ūl), according to the Hebrew Bible, was the first king of the Kingdom of Israel and Judah. His reign, traditionally placed in the late 11th century BCE, marked a transition from a tribal society to statehood.", "title": "Saul" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Several days after the referendum, the Resident Commissioner Pedro Pierluisi, Governor Luis Fortuño, and Governor-elect Alejandro García Padilla wrote separate letters to the President of the United States Barack Obama addressing the results of the voting. Pierluisi urged Obama to begin legislation in favor of the statehood of Puerto Rico, in light of its win in the referendum. Fortuño urged him to move the process forward. García Padilla asked him to reject the results because of their ambiguity. The White House stance related to the November 2012 plebiscite was that the results were clear, the people of Puerto Rico want the issue of status resolved, and a majority chose statehood in the second question. Former White House director of Hispanic media stated, \"Now it is time for Congress to act and the administration will work with them on that effort, so that the people of Puerto Rico can determine their own future.\"", "title": "51st state" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Hillary Clinton won the election in Colorado with a plurality of 48.2% of the vote. Donald Trump received 43.3% of the vote, a Democratic margin of victory of 4.9%. This was the third time since achieving statehood that the Republican candidate won the election without carrying Colorado, and the second time since statehood that Colorado has voted Democratic in three consecutive presidential elections. No Republican had won the White House without carrying the state since 1908. Trump won five counties that had voted for President Obama in 2012; Conejos County, Chaffee County, Huerfano County, Las Animas County, and Pueblo County. The latter two counties had not supported a Republican for president since Richard Nixon's 49 - state landslide in 1972.", "title": "2016 United States presidential election in Colorado" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Puerto Rico is designated in its constitution as the \"Commonwealth of Puerto Rico\". The Constitution of Puerto Rico which became effective in 1952 adopted the name of Estado Libre Asociado (literally translated as \"Free Associated State\"), officially translated into English as Commonwealth, for its body politic. The island is under the jurisdiction of the Territorial Clause of the U.S. Constitution, which has led to doubts about the finality of the Commonwealth status for Puerto Rico. In addition, all people born in Puerto Rico become citizens of the U.S. at birth (under provisions of the Jones–Shafroth Act in 1917), but citizens residing in Puerto Rico cannot vote for president nor for full members of either house of Congress. Statehood would grant island residents full voting rights at the Federal level. The Puerto Rico Democracy Act (H.R. 2499) was approved on April 29, 2010, by the United States House of Representatives 223–169, but was not approved by the Senate before the end of the 111th Congress. It would have provided for a federally sanctioned self-determination process for the people of Puerto Rico. This act would provide for referendums to be held in Puerto Rico to determine the island's ultimate political status. It had also been introduced in 2007.", "title": "51st state" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Statehood for Alaska was an important cause of James Wickersham early in his tenure as a congressional delegate. Decades later, the statehood movement gained its first real momentum following a territorial referendum in 1946. The Alaska Statehood Committee and Alaska's Constitutional Convention would soon follow. Statehood supporters also found themselves fighting major battles against political foes, mostly in the U.S. Congress but also within Alaska. Statehood was approved by Congress on July 7, 1958. Alaska was officially proclaimed a state on January 3, 1959.", "title": "Alaska" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In 2003, additional UN sanctions were placed on Liberian timber exports, which had risen from US$5 million in 1997 to over US$100 million in 2002 and were believed to be funding rebels in Sierra Leone. These sanctions were lifted in 2006. Due in large part to foreign aid and investment inflow following the end of the war, Liberia maintains a large account deficit, which peaked at nearly 60% in 2008. Liberia gained observer status with the World Trade Organization in 2010 and is in the process of acquiring full member status.", "title": "Liberia" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Splinter Shards the Birth of Separation is the second full-length release by metalcore band Zao, released on Tooth & Nail Records on April 1, 1997.", "title": "The Splinter Shards the Birth of Separation" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Haryana (IPA: (ɦərɪˈjaːɳaː)), (Urdu: ہریانہ ‎), is one of the 29 states in India, situated in North India. It was carved out of the former state of East Punjab on 1 November 1966 on a linguistic basis. It stands 21st in terms of its area, which is spread about 44,212 km (17,070 sq mi). As of 2011 census of India, the state is eighteenth largest by population with 25,353,081 inhabitants. The city of Chandigarh is its capital while the National Capital Region city of Faridabad is the most populous city of the state and the city of Gurugram is financial hub of NCR with major Fortune 500 companies located in it.", "title": "Haryana" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Saul (/ sɔːl /; Hebrew: שָׁאוּל, Šāʼûl; ``asked for, prayed for ''; Latin: Saul; Arabic: طالوت ‎, Ṭālūt or Arabic: شاؤل ‎, Ša'ūl), according to the Hebrew Bible, was the first king of the Kingdom of Israel and Judah. His reign, traditionally placed in the late 11th century BCE, marked a transition from a tribal society to statehood.", "title": "Saul" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"With Malice towards One and All\" was the weekly column series published by celebrated Indian author and journalist Khushwant Singh in the leading English language dailes of India, occupying two full length columns on the editorial page of the Saturday edition.", "title": "With Malice towards One and All" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Lucky Whitehead Whitehead with the Dallas Cowboys in 2015 Free agent Position: Wide receiver Birth name: Rodney Darnell Whitehead Jr. Date of birth: (1992 - 06 - 02) June 2, 1992 (age 25) Place of birth: Manassas, Virginia Height: 5 ft 9 in (1.75 m) Weight: 180 lb (82 kg) Career information High school: Manassas (VA) Osbourn College: Florida Atlantic Undrafted: 2015 Career history Dallas Cowboys (2015 -- 2016) New York Jets (2017) Career highlights and awards All - C - USA (2014) Career NFL statistics as of Week 17, 2016 Receptions: 9 Receiving yards: 64 Rushing yards: 189 Total return yards: 1,151 Total touchdowns: 0 Player stats at NFL.com Player stats at PFR", "title": "Lucky Whitehead" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In November 2012, a referendum resulted in 54 percent of respondents voting to reject the current status under the territorial clause of the U.S. Constitution, while a second question resulted in 61 percent of voters identifying statehood as the preferred alternative to the current territorial status. The 2012 referendum was by far the most successful referendum for statehood advocates and support for statehood has risen in each successive popular referendum. However, more than one in four voters abstained from answering the question on the preferred alternative status. Statehood opponents have argued that the statehood option garnered only 45 percent of the votes if abstentions are included. If abstentions are considered, the result of the referendum is much closer to 44 percent for statehood, a number that falls under the 50 percent majority mark.", "title": "51st state" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Ted Ginn Jr. Ginn Jr. with the Carolina Panthers in 2016 No. 19 -- New Orleans Saints Position: Wide Receiver Return Specialist Date of birth: (1985 - 04 - 12) April 12, 1985 (age 32) Place of birth: Cleveland, Ohio Height: 5 ft 11 in (1.80 m) Weight: 180 lb (82 kg) Career information High school: Cleveland (OH) Glenville College: Ohio State NFL Draft: 2007 / Round: 1 / Pick: 9 Career history Miami Dolphins (2007 -- 2009) San Francisco 49ers (2010 -- 2012) Carolina Panthers (2013) Arizona Cardinals (2014) Carolina Panthers (2015 -- 2016) New Orleans Saints (2017 -- present) Roster status: Active Career highlights and awards PFWA All - Rookie Team (2007) First - team All - Big Ten (2006) 3 × First - team All - American (2004 -- 2006) USA Today High School Defensive Player of the Year (2003) Career NFL statistics as of Week 3, 2017 Receptions: 318 Receiving yards: 4,406 Total return yards: 9,367 Total touchdowns: 35 Player stats at NFL.com", "title": "Ted Ginn Jr." }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Former Supreme Court judge Balbir Singh Chauhan was appointed Chairman of the 21st Law Commission. Mr. Justice Ravi R. Tripathi, retired judge of the Gujarat High Court was appointed as Full - time Member.", "title": "Law Commission of India" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The original bronze statue was placed in the Mediterranean Sea on 22 August 1954, at approximately 17 metres (56 ft) depth, and stands 2.5 metres (8 ft) tall. It was sculpted by Guido Galletti, based on an idea of Italian diving instructor Duilio Marcante. The statue was placed near the spot where Dario Gonzatti, the first Italian to use SCUBA gear, died in 1947. It depicts Christ offering a benediction of peace, with his head and hands raised skyward. The statue was subsequently dedicated to the memory of Marcante.Due to increasing amounts of corrosion and the growth of crustaceans, the statue was removed from the water and restored in 2003. A hand that had been detached, presumably by an anchor, was also replaced. The statue was returned to the water with a new base on 17 July 2004. The statue was cleaned in 2018.", "title": "Christ of the Abyss" } ]	When did Jora Singh's birth state receive the status of full statehood?	1 November 1966	[]	Title: 51st state Passage: Puerto Rico is designated in its constitution as the "Commonwealth of Puerto Rico". The Constitution of Puerto Rico which became effective in 1952 adopted the name of Estado Libre Asociado (literally translated as "Free Associated State"), officially translated into English as Commonwealth, for its body politic. The island is under the jurisdiction of the Territorial Clause of the U.S. Constitution, which has led to doubts about the finality of the Commonwealth status for Puerto Rico. In addition, all people born in Puerto Rico become citizens of the U.S. at birth (under provisions of the Jones–Shafroth Act in 1917), but citizens residing in Puerto Rico cannot vote for president nor for full members of either house of Congress. Statehood would grant island residents full voting rights at the Federal level. The Puerto Rico Democracy Act (H.R. 2499) was approved on April 29, 2010, by the United States House of Representatives 223–169, but was not approved by the Senate before the end of the 111th Congress. It would have provided for a federally sanctioned self-determination process for the people of Puerto Rico. This act would provide for referendums to be held in Puerto Rico to determine the island's ultimate political status. It had also been introduced in 2007. Title: 51st state Passage: Several days after the referendum, the Resident Commissioner Pedro Pierluisi, Governor Luis Fortuño, and Governor-elect Alejandro García Padilla wrote separate letters to the President of the United States Barack Obama addressing the results of the voting. Pierluisi urged Obama to begin legislation in favor of the statehood of Puerto Rico, in light of its win in the referendum. Fortuño urged him to move the process forward. García Padilla asked him to reject the results because of their ambiguity. The White House stance related to the November 2012 plebiscite was that the results were clear, the people of Puerto Rico want the issue of status resolved, and a majority chose statehood in the second question. Former White House director of Hispanic media stated, "Now it is time for Congress to act and the administration will work with them on that effort, so that the people of Puerto Rico can determine their own future." Title: Law Commission of India Passage: Former Supreme Court judge Balbir Singh Chauhan was appointed Chairman of the 21st Law Commission. Mr. Justice Ravi R. Tripathi, retired judge of the Gujarat High Court was appointed as Full - time Member. Title: 2016 United States presidential election in Colorado Passage: Hillary Clinton won the election in Colorado with a plurality of 48.2% of the vote. Donald Trump received 43.3% of the vote, a Democratic margin of victory of 4.9%. This was the third time since achieving statehood that the Republican candidate won the election without carrying Colorado, and the second time since statehood that Colorado has voted Democratic in three consecutive presidential elections. No Republican had won the White House without carrying the state since 1908. Trump won five counties that had voted for President Obama in 2012; Conejos County, Chaffee County, Huerfano County, Las Animas County, and Pueblo County. The latter two counties had not supported a Republican for president since Richard Nixon's 49 - state landslide in 1972. Title: Puerto Rico Passage: Puerto Ricans are by law citizens of the United States and may move freely between the island and the mainland. As it is not a state, Puerto Rico does not have a vote in the United States Congress, which governs the territory with full jurisdiction under the Puerto Rico Federal Relations Act of 1950. However, Puerto Rico does have one non-voting member of the House called a Resident Commissioner. As residents of a U.S. territory, American citizens in Puerto Rico are disenfranchised at the national level and do not vote for president and vice president of the United States, and do not pay federal income tax on Puerto Rican income. Like other territories and the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico does not have U.S. senators. Congress approved a local constitution in 1952, allowing U.S. citizens on the territory to elect a governor. A 2012 referendum showed a majority (54% of those who voted) disagreed with ``the present form of territorial status ''. A second question asking about a new model, had full statehood the preferred option among those who voted for a change of status, although a significant number of people did not answer the second question of the referendum. A fifth referendum was held on June 11, 2017, with`` Statehood'' and ``Independence / Free Association ''initially as the only available choices. At the recommendation of the Department of Justice, an option for the`` current territorial status'' was added. The referendum showed an overwhelming support for statehood, with 97.18% voting for it, although the voter turnout had a historically low figure of only 22.99% of the registered voters casting their ballots. Title: Liberia Passage: In 2003, additional UN sanctions were placed on Liberian timber exports, which had risen from US$5 million in 1997 to over US$100 million in 2002 and were believed to be funding rebels in Sierra Leone. These sanctions were lifted in 2006. Due in large part to foreign aid and investment inflow following the end of the war, Liberia maintains a large account deficit, which peaked at nearly 60% in 2008. Liberia gained observer status with the World Trade Organization in 2010 and is in the process of acquiring full member status. Title: The Splinter Shards the Birth of Separation Passage: The Splinter Shards the Birth of Separation is the second full-length release by metalcore band Zao, released on Tooth & Nail Records on April 1, 1997. Title: Haryana Passage: Haryana (IPA: (ɦərɪˈjaːɳaː)), (Urdu: ہریانہ ‎), is one of the 29 states in India, situated in North India. It was carved out of the former state of East Punjab on 1 November 1966 on a linguistic basis. It stands 21st in terms of its area, which is spread about 44,212 km (17,070 sq mi). As of 2011 census of India, the state is eighteenth largest by population with 25,353,081 inhabitants. The city of Chandigarh is its capital while the National Capital Region city of Faridabad is the most populous city of the state and the city of Gurugram is financial hub of NCR with major Fortune 500 companies located in it. Title: Ted Ginn Jr. Passage: Ted Ginn Jr. Ginn Jr. with the Carolina Panthers in 2016 No. 19 -- New Orleans Saints Position: Wide Receiver Return Specialist Date of birth: (1985 - 04 - 12) April 12, 1985 (age 32) Place of birth: Cleveland, Ohio Height: 5 ft 11 in (1.80 m) Weight: 180 lb (82 kg) Career information High school: Cleveland (OH) Glenville College: Ohio State NFL Draft: 2007 / Round: 1 / Pick: 9 Career history Miami Dolphins (2007 -- 2009) San Francisco 49ers (2010 -- 2012) Carolina Panthers (2013) Arizona Cardinals (2014) Carolina Panthers (2015 -- 2016) New Orleans Saints (2017 -- present) Roster status: Active Career highlights and awards PFWA All - Rookie Team (2007) First - team All - Big Ten (2006) 3 × First - team All - American (2004 -- 2006) USA Today High School Defensive Player of the Year (2003) Career NFL statistics as of Week 3, 2017 Receptions: 318 Receiving yards: 4,406 Total return yards: 9,367 Total touchdowns: 35 Player stats at NFL.com Title: Neha Devi Singh Passage: Neha Devi Singh was born on 9 August 1981 in Mumbai, India. Singh received a degree in Economics from St. Xavier's College. She set out to seek work in the television industry. She pursued a career as a director or producer, but became an actor. Title: Lucky Whitehead Passage: Lucky Whitehead Whitehead with the Dallas Cowboys in 2015 Free agent Position: Wide receiver Birth name: Rodney Darnell Whitehead Jr. Date of birth: (1992 - 06 - 02) June 2, 1992 (age 25) Place of birth: Manassas, Virginia Height: 5 ft 9 in (1.75 m) Weight: 180 lb (82 kg) Career information High school: Manassas (VA) Osbourn College: Florida Atlantic Undrafted: 2015 Career history Dallas Cowboys (2015 -- 2016) New York Jets (2017) Career highlights and awards All - C - USA (2014) Career NFL statistics as of Week 17, 2016 Receptions: 9 Receiving yards: 64 Rushing yards: 189 Total return yards: 1,151 Total touchdowns: 0 Player stats at NFL.com Player stats at PFR Title: Saul Passage: Saul (/ sɔːl /; Hebrew: שָׁאוּל, Šāʼûl; ``asked for, prayed for ''; Latin: Saul; Arabic: طالوت ‎, Ṭālūt or Arabic: شاؤل ‎, Ša'ūl), according to the Hebrew Bible, was the first king of the Kingdom of Israel and Judah. His reign, traditionally placed in the late 11th century BCE, marked a transition from a tribal society to statehood. Title: Alaska Passage: Statehood for Alaska was an important cause of James Wickersham early in his tenure as a congressional delegate. Decades later, the statehood movement gained its first real momentum following a territorial referendum in 1946. The Alaska Statehood Committee and Alaska's Constitutional Convention would soon follow. Statehood supporters also found themselves fighting major battles against political foes, mostly in the U.S. Congress but also within Alaska. Statehood was approved by Congress on July 7, 1958. Alaska was officially proclaimed a state on January 3, 1959. Title: Saul Passage: Saul (/ sɔːl /; Hebrew: שָׁאוּל, Šāʼûl; ``asked for, prayed for ''; Latin: Saul; Arabic: طالوت ‎ ‎, Ṭālūt or Arabic: شاؤل ‎ ‎, Sha'ūl), according to the Hebrew Bible, was the first king of the Kingdom of Israel and Judah. His reign, traditionally placed in the late 11th century BCE, marked a transition from a tribal society to statehood. Title: With Malice towards One and All Passage: "With Malice towards One and All" was the weekly column series published by celebrated Indian author and journalist Khushwant Singh in the leading English language dailes of India, occupying two full length columns on the editorial page of the Saturday edition. Title: 51st state Passage: In November 2012, a referendum resulted in 54 percent of respondents voting to reject the current status under the territorial clause of the U.S. Constitution, while a second question resulted in 61 percent of voters identifying statehood as the preferred alternative to the current territorial status. The 2012 referendum was by far the most successful referendum for statehood advocates and support for statehood has risen in each successive popular referendum. However, more than one in four voters abstained from answering the question on the preferred alternative status. Statehood opponents have argued that the statehood option garnered only 45 percent of the votes if abstentions are included. If abstentions are considered, the result of the referendum is much closer to 44 percent for statehood, a number that falls under the 50 percent majority mark. Title: Jora Singh Passage: Jora Singh (born 1 January 1979) is an Indian track and field athlete from Haryana who specializes in the decathlon. Jora held the Indian National record of 7502 points set during the Federation Cup held in New Delhi on 2 March 2006 before being broken by Bharatinder Singh in 2011. He broke Kulwinder Singh's previous mark of 7325 points, registered in Chennai in August 2005. Title: 51st state Passage: Puerto Rico has been discussed as a potential 51st state of the United States. In a 2012 status referendum a majority of voters, 54%, expressed dissatisfaction with the current political relationship. In a separate question, 61% of voters supported statehood (excluding the 26% of voters who left this question blank). On December 11, 2012, Puerto Rico's legislature resolved to request that the President and the U.S. Congress act on the results, end the current form of territorial status and begin the process of admitting Puerto Rico to the Union as a state. Title: List of chief ministers of Himachal Pradesh Passage: Since 1952, five people have been Chief Minister of Himachal Pradesh. Three of these belonged to the Indian National Congress party, including inaugural office - holder Yashwant Singh Parmar. After his first term ended in 1956, Himachal Pradesh was made a union territory, and the office of Chief Minister ceased to exist. In 1963, Parmar once again became Chief Minister, and during his reign, in 1971, Himachal regained full statehood. Until March 2015, when he was surpassed by Virbhadra Singh, Parmar was the state's longest - serving chief minister. Since 1993, the chief ministership has changed hands every five years between Virbhadra Singh of the Congress and Prem Kumar Dhumal of the Bharatiya Janata Party. The current incumbent is Jai Ram Thakur of the Bharatiya Janata Party having been sworn in on 27 December 2017. Title: Christ of the Abyss Passage: The original bronze statue was placed in the Mediterranean Sea on 22 August 1954, at approximately 17 metres (56 ft) depth, and stands 2.5 metres (8 ft) tall. It was sculpted by Guido Galletti, based on an idea of Italian diving instructor Duilio Marcante. The statue was placed near the spot where Dario Gonzatti, the first Italian to use SCUBA gear, died in 1947. It depicts Christ offering a benediction of peace, with his head and hands raised skyward. The statue was subsequently dedicated to the memory of Marcante.Due to increasing amounts of corrosion and the growth of crustaceans, the statue was removed from the water and restored in 2003. A hand that had been detached, presumably by an anchor, was also replaced. The statue was returned to the water with a new base on 17 July 2004. The statue was cleaned in 2018.	[ "Jora Singh", "Haryana" ]
2hop__122700_7666	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Curtis Beach (born July 22, 1990) is an American decathlete who competed for Duke University. He formerly held high school records in the decathlon using three different implement standards: high school (7,909 points), international junior (7,599 points) and international senior (7,466 points). His performances in the high jump, 400 meters, and 1,500 meters were superior to those of U.S. Olympic gold medalist Bryan Clay in the 2008 Olympic Games. At the 2011 NCAA Men's Outdoor Track and Field Championship, as a freshman, Beach finished second overall in the decathlon. His 3:59.13 finish in the 1500 meter shattered the previous collegiate record and is the second-fastest 1500 meter in world history for a decathlon, just missing Robert Baker's mark from 1980.", "title": "Curtis Beach" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The 2007 Bausch & Lomb Championships was the 28th edition of that tennis tournament and was played on outdoor clay courts. The tournament was classified as a Tier II event on the 2007 WTA Tour. The event took place at the Racquet Park at the Amelia Island Plantation, in Amelia Island, Florida, U.S. from April 2 through April 8, 2007. Tatiana Golovin won the singles title.", "title": "2007 Bausch & Lomb Championships" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The 1932 French Championships (now known as the French Open) was a tennis tournament that took place on the outdoor clay ourts at the Stade Roland-Garros in Paris, France. The tournament ran from 26 May until 6 June. It was the 37th staging of the French Championships and the second Grand Slam tournament of the year.", "title": "1932 French Championships (tennis)" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The 1931 French Championships (now known as the French Open) was a tennis tournament that took place on the outdoor clay courts at the Stade Roland-Garros in Paris, France. The tournament ran from 22 May until 31 May. It was the 36th staging of the French Championships and the second Grand Slam tournament of the year. Jean Borotra and Cilly Aussem won the singles titles.", "title": "1931 French Championships (tennis)" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Joel M. McNulty was an American track and field athlete, who was active in the 1950s. A world class amateur hurdler, McNulty was an All Time Big 10 Conference Men’s Track and Field Winner. McNulty excelled at the 120y (now 110m) and 220y (obsolete) Hurdles. While at the University of Illinois, McNulty won Big Ten Conference, Track and Field (outdoor), competitions no fewer than 3 times (1952, 120y Hurdles, 14.4, and 1952 and 1953, 220y Hurdles, 24.8, both times). McNulty attended the University of Illinois on a scholarship as a sprinter. He, eventually, received both a B.S. and LL.B. from the University, was admitted to the bar in 1959 and, thereafter, had a long career as a business lawyer. McNulty was Alpha Tau Omega.", "title": "Joel McNulty" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "After high school, Clay Christiansen attended the University of Kansas in Lawrence, Kansas, where he was a member of the Jayhawks baseball team prior to embarking on his professional career.", "title": "Clay Christiansen" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Peter Coghlan (born 27 March 1975 in Dublin) is a retired Irish track and field athlete who specialised in the 110 metres hurdles event. He represented his country at the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney, as well as five outdoor and two indoor World Championships.", "title": "Peter Coghlan" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Robert Adrian Andrews (born March 29, 1991) is an American middle distance runner who specializes in the 800 and 1500 meters. While competing with University of Virginia he won the men's 800 meters at the 2011 NCAA Division I Outdoor Track and Field Championships.", "title": "Robby Andrews" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Longino Welch was an American track and field athlete for Georgia Tech. He won the pole vault competition at the first NCAA track and field championships in 1921 with a jump of 12 feet. Welch graduated from Georgia Tech in 1923 with a degree in electrical engineering. He was inducted into the Georgia Tech Athletics Hall of Fame in 1966.", "title": "Longino Welch" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Peacock was born in Dothan, Alabama and raised in New Jersey. He became a rival to Jesse Owens in many sprinting competitions. He broke the high school record in the long jump the same day it was bettered by Owens. \"I had that record for two hours.\" He attended Temple University in Philadelphia where he became a member of Alpha Phi Alpha fraternity. Peacock won the Amateur Athletic Union (AAU) outdoor pentathlon championship six times, in 1934, 1935, 1937, and from 1943 through 1945.", "title": "Eulace Peacock" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Lacy Janson (born February 20, 1983) is an American track and field athlete who specialized in the pole vault. She was the 2010 USA indoor champion in the event and represented her country at the 2010 IAAF World Indoor Championships. At college level, she won both an outdoor and an indoor NCAA title for Florida State University.", "title": "Lacy Janson" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Mildred Ella ``Babe ''Didrikson Zaharias (/ zəˈhɑːriəs /; June 26, 1911 -- September 27, 1956) was an American athlete who achieved a great deal of success in golf, basketball, baseball and track and field. She won two gold medals in track and field at the 1932 Summer Olympics, before turning to professional golf and winning 10 LPGA major championships. She is widely regarded as one of the greatest female athletes of all time.", "title": "Babe Didrikson Zaharias" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Carlette D. Guidry (also known as Guidry-White and Guidry-Falkquay; born September 4, 1968, in Houston, Texas) is an American former sprinter who won the Olympic gold medal of the 4 x 100 metres relay in 1992 in Barcelona and again in 1996 in Atlanta. She also competed in the individual 200m race in 1992 and 1996. Guidry-White won a silver medal in the 60 metres event at the 1995 IAAF World Indoor Championships, which was coincidentally held in Barcelona. The same year she finished fourth at the outdoor championships. At the collegiate level, Guidry competed for the Texas Longhorns of the University of Texas at Austin between 1987 and 1991. She collected a total of twelve NCAA titles, and was named Southwest Conference Athlete of the Decade in indoor track and outdoor track and field for the 1980s. She was also honoured as Indoor Track And Field Most Outstanding Student-Athletes In Honor Of The 25th Anniversary Of NCAA Women's Championships.", "title": "Carlette Guidry-White" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The 1998 Bausch & Lomb Championships was a tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts at the Amelia Island Plantation on Amelia Island, Florida in the United States that was part of Tier II of the 1998 WTA Tour. The tournament was held from April 6 through April 12, 1998.", "title": "1998 Bausch & Lomb Championships" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Earl William Eby (November 18, 1894 – December 14, 1970) was an American sprinter who won a silver medal in the 800 m at the 1920 Summer Olympics. Earlier at the 1919 Inter-Allied Games he won the 400 m event and placed second in the 800 m to New Zealand's Daniel Mason. He won the 800 m event at the 1920 USA Outdoor Track and Field Championships.", "title": "Earl Eby" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The 1996 Bausch & Lomb Championships was a women's tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts at the Amelia Island Plantation on Amelia Island, Florida in the United States that was part of Tier II of the 1996 WTA Tour. It was the 17th edition of the tournament and was held from April 8 through April 14, 1996. Eighth-seeded Irina Spîrlea won the singles title.", "title": "1996 Bausch & Lomb Championships" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Foy Draper (November 26, 1911 – February 1, 1943) was an American track and field athlete who won a gold medal in 4 × 100 m relay at the 1936 Summer Olympics. As a University of Southern California student, Draper won the IC4A championships in 200 m in 1935.", "title": "Foy Draper" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The school's sports teams, wearing crimson and royal blue, are called the Kansas Jayhawks. They participate in the NCAA's Division I and in the Big 12 Conference. KU has won thirteen National Championships: five in men's basketball (two Helms Foundation championships and three NCAA championships), three in men's indoor track and field, three in men's outdoor track and field, one in men's cross country and one in women's outdoor track and field. The home course for KU Cross Country is Rim Rock Farm. Their most recent championship came on June 8, 2013 when the KU women's track and field team won the NCAA outdoor in Eugene, Oregon becoming the first University of Kansas women's team to win a national title.", "title": "University of Kansas" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "John McDonnell Field is the outdoor track facility at the University of Arkansas in Fayetteville, Arkansas, and is home to the Arkansas Razorbacks. The field is named after former head coach John McDonnell, who ended his thirty-six-year collegiate head coaching career as the most successful coach in NCAA track history, attaining a total of 42 NCAA Championships (although the University was stripped of two due to NCAA sanctions) in three different sports with the Razorbacks. Renovated in 2006, it is one of only ten International Association of Athletics Federations Class 1 certified tracks in the United States (along with Robert C. Haugh Complex - Outdoor Track and Field, Jack Rose Track, Hutsell-Rosen Track, Hayward Field, Roy P. Drachman Stadium, Icahn Stadium, UT San Antonio's Park West Athletic Complex, E.B. Cushing Stadium, and Rock Chalk Park).", "title": "John McDonnell Field" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Tosin Oke (born 1 October 1980 in London, England) is a Nigerian track and field athlete, who competes in the triple jump. Born a dual national, he initially competed for Great Britain. He set the current UK junior indoor record and was 1 cm shy of the outdoor junior record. He was the 1999 European Athletics Junior Championships Champion, and came 5th at the 2002 Commonwealth Games. After multiple indoor and outdoor UK titles, he later switched to compete for Nigeria. Since competing for Nigeria he has won back-to-back African Championships in Athletics titles and the Commonwealth Games championship and is the current All-Africa Games Champion. At the 2012 Summer Olympics Oke finished seventh in the triple jump final, the best Nigerian result of the Games.", "title": "Tosin Oke" } ]	How many national female outdoor track and field championships have been won by the university Clay Christiansen attended?	one	[]	Title: Clay Christiansen Passage: After high school, Clay Christiansen attended the University of Kansas in Lawrence, Kansas, where he was a member of the Jayhawks baseball team prior to embarking on his professional career. Title: Foy Draper Passage: Foy Draper (November 26, 1911 – February 1, 1943) was an American track and field athlete who won a gold medal in 4 × 100 m relay at the 1936 Summer Olympics. As a University of Southern California student, Draper won the IC4A championships in 200 m in 1935. Title: Earl Eby Passage: Earl William Eby (November 18, 1894 – December 14, 1970) was an American sprinter who won a silver medal in the 800 m at the 1920 Summer Olympics. Earlier at the 1919 Inter-Allied Games he won the 400 m event and placed second in the 800 m to New Zealand's Daniel Mason. He won the 800 m event at the 1920 USA Outdoor Track and Field Championships. Title: Joel McNulty Passage: Joel M. McNulty was an American track and field athlete, who was active in the 1950s. A world class amateur hurdler, McNulty was an All Time Big 10 Conference Men’s Track and Field Winner. McNulty excelled at the 120y (now 110m) and 220y (obsolete) Hurdles. While at the University of Illinois, McNulty won Big Ten Conference, Track and Field (outdoor), competitions no fewer than 3 times (1952, 120y Hurdles, 14.4, and 1952 and 1953, 220y Hurdles, 24.8, both times). McNulty attended the University of Illinois on a scholarship as a sprinter. He, eventually, received both a B.S. and LL.B. from the University, was admitted to the bar in 1959 and, thereafter, had a long career as a business lawyer. McNulty was Alpha Tau Omega. Title: Tosin Oke Passage: Tosin Oke (born 1 October 1980 in London, England) is a Nigerian track and field athlete, who competes in the triple jump. Born a dual national, he initially competed for Great Britain. He set the current UK junior indoor record and was 1 cm shy of the outdoor junior record. He was the 1999 European Athletics Junior Championships Champion, and came 5th at the 2002 Commonwealth Games. After multiple indoor and outdoor UK titles, he later switched to compete for Nigeria. Since competing for Nigeria he has won back-to-back African Championships in Athletics titles and the Commonwealth Games championship and is the current All-Africa Games Champion. At the 2012 Summer Olympics Oke finished seventh in the triple jump final, the best Nigerian result of the Games. Title: Robby Andrews Passage: Robert Adrian Andrews (born March 29, 1991) is an American middle distance runner who specializes in the 800 and 1500 meters. While competing with University of Virginia he won the men's 800 meters at the 2011 NCAA Division I Outdoor Track and Field Championships. Title: Peter Coghlan Passage: Peter Coghlan (born 27 March 1975 in Dublin) is a retired Irish track and field athlete who specialised in the 110 metres hurdles event. He represented his country at the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney, as well as five outdoor and two indoor World Championships. Title: 1931 French Championships (tennis) Passage: The 1931 French Championships (now known as the French Open) was a tennis tournament that took place on the outdoor clay courts at the Stade Roland-Garros in Paris, France. The tournament ran from 22 May until 31 May. It was the 36th staging of the French Championships and the second Grand Slam tournament of the year. Jean Borotra and Cilly Aussem won the singles titles. Title: 2007 Bausch & Lomb Championships Passage: The 2007 Bausch & Lomb Championships was the 28th edition of that tennis tournament and was played on outdoor clay courts. The tournament was classified as a Tier II event on the 2007 WTA Tour. The event took place at the Racquet Park at the Amelia Island Plantation, in Amelia Island, Florida, U.S. from April 2 through April 8, 2007. Tatiana Golovin won the singles title. Title: Eulace Peacock Passage: Peacock was born in Dothan, Alabama and raised in New Jersey. He became a rival to Jesse Owens in many sprinting competitions. He broke the high school record in the long jump the same day it was bettered by Owens. "I had that record for two hours." He attended Temple University in Philadelphia where he became a member of Alpha Phi Alpha fraternity. Peacock won the Amateur Athletic Union (AAU) outdoor pentathlon championship six times, in 1934, 1935, 1937, and from 1943 through 1945. Title: Curtis Beach Passage: Curtis Beach (born July 22, 1990) is an American decathlete who competed for Duke University. He formerly held high school records in the decathlon using three different implement standards: high school (7,909 points), international junior (7,599 points) and international senior (7,466 points). His performances in the high jump, 400 meters, and 1,500 meters were superior to those of U.S. Olympic gold medalist Bryan Clay in the 2008 Olympic Games. At the 2011 NCAA Men's Outdoor Track and Field Championship, as a freshman, Beach finished second overall in the decathlon. His 3:59.13 finish in the 1500 meter shattered the previous collegiate record and is the second-fastest 1500 meter in world history for a decathlon, just missing Robert Baker's mark from 1980. Title: Lacy Janson Passage: Lacy Janson (born February 20, 1983) is an American track and field athlete who specialized in the pole vault. She was the 2010 USA indoor champion in the event and represented her country at the 2010 IAAF World Indoor Championships. At college level, she won both an outdoor and an indoor NCAA title for Florida State University. Title: 1996 Bausch & Lomb Championships Passage: The 1996 Bausch & Lomb Championships was a women's tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts at the Amelia Island Plantation on Amelia Island, Florida in the United States that was part of Tier II of the 1996 WTA Tour. It was the 17th edition of the tournament and was held from April 8 through April 14, 1996. Eighth-seeded Irina Spîrlea won the singles title. Title: Longino Welch Passage: Longino Welch was an American track and field athlete for Georgia Tech. He won the pole vault competition at the first NCAA track and field championships in 1921 with a jump of 12 feet. Welch graduated from Georgia Tech in 1923 with a degree in electrical engineering. He was inducted into the Georgia Tech Athletics Hall of Fame in 1966. Title: Babe Didrikson Zaharias Passage: Mildred Ella ``Babe ''Didrikson Zaharias (/ zəˈhɑːriəs /; June 26, 1911 -- September 27, 1956) was an American athlete who achieved a great deal of success in golf, basketball, baseball and track and field. She won two gold medals in track and field at the 1932 Summer Olympics, before turning to professional golf and winning 10 LPGA major championships. She is widely regarded as one of the greatest female athletes of all time. Title: 1932 French Championships (tennis) Passage: The 1932 French Championships (now known as the French Open) was a tennis tournament that took place on the outdoor clay ourts at the Stade Roland-Garros in Paris, France. The tournament ran from 26 May until 6 June. It was the 37th staging of the French Championships and the second Grand Slam tournament of the year. Title: John McDonnell Field Passage: John McDonnell Field is the outdoor track facility at the University of Arkansas in Fayetteville, Arkansas, and is home to the Arkansas Razorbacks. The field is named after former head coach John McDonnell, who ended his thirty-six-year collegiate head coaching career as the most successful coach in NCAA track history, attaining a total of 42 NCAA Championships (although the University was stripped of two due to NCAA sanctions) in three different sports with the Razorbacks. Renovated in 2006, it is one of only ten International Association of Athletics Federations Class 1 certified tracks in the United States (along with Robert C. Haugh Complex - Outdoor Track and Field, Jack Rose Track, Hutsell-Rosen Track, Hayward Field, Roy P. Drachman Stadium, Icahn Stadium, UT San Antonio's Park West Athletic Complex, E.B. Cushing Stadium, and Rock Chalk Park). Title: 1998 Bausch & Lomb Championships Passage: The 1998 Bausch & Lomb Championships was a tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts at the Amelia Island Plantation on Amelia Island, Florida in the United States that was part of Tier II of the 1998 WTA Tour. The tournament was held from April 6 through April 12, 1998. Title: Carlette Guidry-White Passage: Carlette D. Guidry (also known as Guidry-White and Guidry-Falkquay; born September 4, 1968, in Houston, Texas) is an American former sprinter who won the Olympic gold medal of the 4 x 100 metres relay in 1992 in Barcelona and again in 1996 in Atlanta. She also competed in the individual 200m race in 1992 and 1996. Guidry-White won a silver medal in the 60 metres event at the 1995 IAAF World Indoor Championships, which was coincidentally held in Barcelona. The same year she finished fourth at the outdoor championships. At the collegiate level, Guidry competed for the Texas Longhorns of the University of Texas at Austin between 1987 and 1991. She collected a total of twelve NCAA titles, and was named Southwest Conference Athlete of the Decade in indoor track and outdoor track and field for the 1980s. She was also honoured as Indoor Track And Field Most Outstanding Student-Athletes In Honor Of The 25th Anniversary Of NCAA Women's Championships. Title: University of Kansas Passage: The school's sports teams, wearing crimson and royal blue, are called the Kansas Jayhawks. They participate in the NCAA's Division I and in the Big 12 Conference. KU has won thirteen National Championships: five in men's basketball (two Helms Foundation championships and three NCAA championships), three in men's indoor track and field, three in men's outdoor track and field, one in men's cross country and one in women's outdoor track and field. The home course for KU Cross Country is Rim Rock Farm. Their most recent championship came on June 8, 2013 when the KU women's track and field team won the NCAA outdoor in Eugene, Oregon becoming the first University of Kansas women's team to win a national title.	[ "Clay Christiansen", "University of Kansas" ]
3hop2__30654_75297_89329	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "By that time, the majority of black people in the United States were native-born, so the use of the term \"African\" became problematic. Though initially a source of pride, many blacks feared that the use of African as an identity would be a hindrance to their fight for full citizenship in the US. They also felt that it would give ammunition to those who were advocating repatriating black people back to Africa. In 1835, black leaders called upon Black Americans to remove the title of \"African\" from their institutions and replace it with \"Negro\" or \"Colored American\". A few institutions chose to keep their historic names, such as the African Methodist Episcopal Church. African Americans popularly used the terms \"Negro\" or \"colored\" for themselves until the late 1960s.", "title": "Black people" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Givemore Makoni told Cricinfo, \"We have changed the name to identify with ourselves and our community. We are a black club, and 'Winstonians' does not identify with us in any way. 'Takashinga' means we are brave and we will fight all the way. This symbolizes the black people of Zimbabwe who are no quitters at anything they set their mind on.\"", "title": "Takashinga Cricket Club" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "United States Capitol United States Capitol, west front Show map of Central Washington, D.C. Show map of the US Show all General information Architectural style American neoclassicism Town or city Capitol Hill, Washington, D.C. Country United States Coordinates 38 ° 53 ′ 23.34719 ''N 77 ° 00 ′ 32.63606'' W / 38.8898186639 ° N 77.0090655722 ° W / 38.8898186639; - 77.0090655722 Coordinates: 38 ° 53 ′ 23.34719 ''N 77 ° 00 ′ 32.63606'' W / 38.8898186639 ° N 77.0090655722 ° W / 38.8898186639; - 77.0090655722 Construction started September 18, 1793 Completed 1800 Client Washington administration Technical details Floor count 5 Floor area 16.5 acres (6.7 ha) Design and construction Architect William Thornton, designer (see Architect of the Capitol) Website www.capitol.gov www.aoc.gov/us-capitol-building", "title": "United States Capitol" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Lackey returned to the US and located in San Francisco where he worked for a number of start-up companies before applying to Y Combinator. He was accepted into Y Combinator's Summer 2011 round. Lackey founded CryptoSeal, a VPN as a service start-up with a small group of people well known in the computer security community, and secured funding from Ron Conway and a well known venture capital fund. In June 2014, CryptoSeal was acquired by CloudFlare.", "title": "Ryan Lackey" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Bethel is a former community in Clay County, Illinois, United States. Bethel was located in Songer Township, along a railroad line north of Greendale.", "title": "Bethel, Illinois" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "330,000 members in the United States. Hadassah fundraises for community programs and health initiatives in Israel, including the Hadassah Medical Center, a leading research hospital in Israel renowned for its inclusion of and treatment for all religions and races in Jerusalem. In the US, the organization advocates on behalf of women's rights, religious autonomy and US-Israel diplomacy. In Israel, Hadassah supports health education and research, women's initiatives, schools and programs for underprivileged youth.", "title": "Hadassah Women's Zionist Organization of America" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Tuntutuliak Airport is a state-owned public-use airport located one nautical mile (1.85 km) south of the central business district of Tuntutuliak, in the Bethel Census Area of the U.S. state of Alaska.", "title": "Tuntutuliak Airport" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The film premiered as a free community event on March 14, 2009 at the Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture in Harlem on Malcolm X Boulevard. Two weeks later it screened on board the Intrepid Sea-Air-Space Museum in Manhattan, then on October 8, 2009 Senator Jeff Sessions and Senator Ben Nelson sponsored a screening on Capitol Hill. The film aired on public television stations around the country starting in August 2010, as presented by Maryland Public Television.", "title": "759: Boy Scouts of Harlem" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Masha Hamilton is a United States journalist and the author of five novels. She founded two world literacy projects, and has worked as head of communications for the US Embassy in Afghanistan and the NGO Concern Worldwide US.", "title": "Masha Hamilton" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The state government left Philadelphia in 1799, and the federal government was moved to Washington, DC in 1800 with completion of the White House and Capitol. The city remained the young nation's largest with a population of nearly 50,000 at the turn of the 19th century; it was a financial and cultural center. Before 1800, its free black community founded the African Methodist Episcopal Church (AME), the first independent black denomination in the country, and the first black Episcopal Church. The free black community also established many schools for its children, with the help of Quakers. New York City soon surpassed Philadelphia in population, but with the construction of roads, canals, and railroads, Philadelphia became the first major industrial city in the United States.", "title": "Philadelphia" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In 2011, 33% of Germans were not members of officially recognised religious associations with special status. Irreligion in Germany is strongest in the former East Germany, which used to be predominantly Protestant before state atheism, and major metropolitan areas.A 2017 estimate even shows that 37.0% of the German population were nonconfessional.Islam is the second largest religion in the country. In the 2011 census, 1.9% of the census population (1.52 million people) gave their religion as Islam, but this figure is deemed unreliable because a disproportionate number of adherents of this religion (and other religions, such as Judaism) are likely to have made use of their right not to answer the question. Figures from Religionswissenschaftlicher Medien- und Informationsdienst suggest a figure of 4.4 to 4.7 million (around 5.5% of the population) in 2015. A study conducted by the Federal Office for Migration and Refugees found that between 2011 and 2015 the Muslim population rose by 1.2 million people, mostly due to immigration. Most of the Muslims are Sunnis and Alevites from Turkey, but there are a small number of Shi'ites, Ahmadiyyas and other denominations.Other religions comprising less than one per cent of Germany's population are Buddhism with 270,000 adherents, Judaism with 200,000 adherents, and Hinduism with some 100,000 adherents. All other religious communities in Germany have fewer than 50,000 adherents each.", "title": "Germany" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Yupiit School District serves students in the Akiachak, Akiak, and Tuluksak communities in the Bethel Census Area of the U.S. state of Alaska.", "title": "Yupiit School District" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Platinum Airport is a state-owned public-use airport located in Platinum, in the Bethel Census Area of the U.S. state of Alaska.", "title": "Platinum Airport" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Among Christians, the Pew Research survey found that 74% were Protestant, 25% were Catholic, and 1% belonged to other Christian denominations, including a small Orthodox Christian community. In terms of Nigeria's major ethnic groups, the Hausa ethnic group (predominant in the north) was found to be 95% Muslim and 5% Christian, the Yoruba tribe (predominant in the west) was 55% Muslim, 35% Christian and 10% adherents of other religions, while the Igbos (predominant in the east) and the Ijaw (south) were 98% Christian, with 2% practising traditional religions. The middle belt of Nigeria contains the largest number of minority ethnic groups in Nigeria, who were found to be mostly Christians and members of traditional religions, with a small proportion of Muslims.", "title": "Nigeria" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The church was organized by African - American members of St. George's Methodist Church who walked out due to racial segregation in the worship services. Mother Bethel was one of the first African - American churches in the United States, dedicated July 29, 1794, by Bishop Francis Asbury. On October 12, 1794, Reverend Robert Blackwell announced that the congregation was received in full fellowship in the Methodist Episcopal Church. In 1816 Rev Richard Allen brought together other black Methodist congregations from the region to organize the new African Methodist Episcopal Church denomination. He was elected bishop of this denomination. After the American Civil War, its missionaries went to the South to help freedmen and planted many new churches in the region.", "title": "Mother Bethel A.M.E. Church" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Longworth House Office Building (LHOB) is one of three office buildings used by the United States House of Representatives. The building is located south of the Capitol, bounded by Independence Avenue, New Jersey Avenue, C Street S.E., and South Capitol Street, in southeast Washington. It covers an area of and has a total of 251 congressional offices and suites, five large committee rooms, seven small committee rooms, and a large assembly room now used by the Ways and Means Committee.", "title": "Longworth House Office Building" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Black Mark Production (founded 1991) is an independent record label originally based in Berlin, later on with offices in Stockholm, Toronto and New York City etc. Black Mark Productions today is a worldwide operating business placed in Villa Hammerheart, Bruzaholm, Sweden, that specializes in extreme metal releases, perhaps best known for its close connection to Quorthon, leader of the defining black metal band Bathory until his death in 2004. As Quorthon himself has stated several times, it was often speculated that he had something to do with the business and operation of Black Mark Productions, except for the concept and name of the label, which would be referenced in the title of the 1987 release \"Under the Sign of the Black Mark\". Quorthon received permission from the Tyfon Grammofon label - which was owned by Börje \"Boss\" Forsberg and featured Bathory - to use his own proxy-label on all Bathory albums, along with a unique 666-X serial number, starting with the self-titled debut album from 1984, but the label wasn't founded as a separate entity before 1991. Who did found it remains disputed, but many point to Boss Forsberg.", "title": "Black Mark Production" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Mount Bethel is an unincorporated community in Upper Mount Bethel Township in Northampton County, Pennsylvania, United States. Mount Bethel is located along Pennsylvania Route 611 north of the intersection with Pennsylvania Route 512.", "title": "Mount Bethel, Pennsylvania" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The institution opened as Bethel Female High School in Hopkinsville, while the Russellville campus opened as Russellville Male Academy. The Hopkinsville campus changed its name to Bethel College for Women four years later in 1858, taking in students continuing with the program. The college changed its name again in 1917; the Russelville campus became Bethel College, and the Hopkinsville campus Bethel Women's Jr. College. In 1951, the college became co-educational and changed its name to simply Bethel College. It closed in 1964, with the Hopkinsville campus razed in 1966. The last commencement for the Russellville campus was held on January 20, 1933.", "title": "Bethel College (Kentucky)" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Prior to establishing the nation's capital in Washington, D.C., the United States Congress and its predecessors had met in Philadelphia (Independence Hall and Congress Hall), New York City (Federal Hall), and a number of other locations (York, Pennsylvania; Lancaster, Pennsylvania; Maryland State House in Annapolis, Maryland; and Nassau Hall in Princeton, New Jersey). In September 1774, the First Continental Congress brought together delegates from the colonies in Philadelphia, followed by the Second Continental Congress, which met from May 1775 to March 1781.", "title": "United States Capitol" } ]	Who started the Bethel branch of the religion founded by the black community in the city that used to be the US capitol?	Bishop Francis Asbury	[ "Francis Asbury" ]	Title: Germany Passage: In 2011, 33% of Germans were not members of officially recognised religious associations with special status. Irreligion in Germany is strongest in the former East Germany, which used to be predominantly Protestant before state atheism, and major metropolitan areas.A 2017 estimate even shows that 37.0% of the German population were nonconfessional.Islam is the second largest religion in the country. In the 2011 census, 1.9% of the census population (1.52 million people) gave their religion as Islam, but this figure is deemed unreliable because a disproportionate number of adherents of this religion (and other religions, such as Judaism) are likely to have made use of their right not to answer the question. Figures from Religionswissenschaftlicher Medien- und Informationsdienst suggest a figure of 4.4 to 4.7 million (around 5.5% of the population) in 2015. A study conducted by the Federal Office for Migration and Refugees found that between 2011 and 2015 the Muslim population rose by 1.2 million people, mostly due to immigration. Most of the Muslims are Sunnis and Alevites from Turkey, but there are a small number of Shi'ites, Ahmadiyyas and other denominations.Other religions comprising less than one per cent of Germany's population are Buddhism with 270,000 adherents, Judaism with 200,000 adherents, and Hinduism with some 100,000 adherents. All other religious communities in Germany have fewer than 50,000 adherents each. Title: United States Capitol Passage: United States Capitol United States Capitol, west front Show map of Central Washington, D.C. Show map of the US Show all General information Architectural style American neoclassicism Town or city Capitol Hill, Washington, D.C. Country United States Coordinates 38 ° 53 ′ 23.34719 ''N 77 ° 00 ′ 32.63606'' W / 38.8898186639 ° N 77.0090655722 ° W / 38.8898186639; - 77.0090655722 Coordinates: 38 ° 53 ′ 23.34719 ''N 77 ° 00 ′ 32.63606'' W / 38.8898186639 ° N 77.0090655722 ° W / 38.8898186639; - 77.0090655722 Construction started September 18, 1793 Completed 1800 Client Washington administration Technical details Floor count 5 Floor area 16.5 acres (6.7 ha) Design and construction Architect William Thornton, designer (see Architect of the Capitol) Website www.capitol.gov www.aoc.gov/us-capitol-building Title: Platinum Airport Passage: Platinum Airport is a state-owned public-use airport located in Platinum, in the Bethel Census Area of the U.S. state of Alaska. Title: Mother Bethel A.M.E. Church Passage: The church was organized by African - American members of St. George's Methodist Church who walked out due to racial segregation in the worship services. Mother Bethel was one of the first African - American churches in the United States, dedicated July 29, 1794, by Bishop Francis Asbury. On October 12, 1794, Reverend Robert Blackwell announced that the congregation was received in full fellowship in the Methodist Episcopal Church. In 1816 Rev Richard Allen brought together other black Methodist congregations from the region to organize the new African Methodist Episcopal Church denomination. He was elected bishop of this denomination. After the American Civil War, its missionaries went to the South to help freedmen and planted many new churches in the region. Title: Takashinga Cricket Club Passage: Givemore Makoni told Cricinfo, "We have changed the name to identify with ourselves and our community. We are a black club, and 'Winstonians' does not identify with us in any way. 'Takashinga' means we are brave and we will fight all the way. This symbolizes the black people of Zimbabwe who are no quitters at anything they set their mind on." Title: 759: Boy Scouts of Harlem Passage: The film premiered as a free community event on March 14, 2009 at the Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture in Harlem on Malcolm X Boulevard. Two weeks later it screened on board the Intrepid Sea-Air-Space Museum in Manhattan, then on October 8, 2009 Senator Jeff Sessions and Senator Ben Nelson sponsored a screening on Capitol Hill. The film aired on public television stations around the country starting in August 2010, as presented by Maryland Public Television. Title: Nigeria Passage: Among Christians, the Pew Research survey found that 74% were Protestant, 25% were Catholic, and 1% belonged to other Christian denominations, including a small Orthodox Christian community. In terms of Nigeria's major ethnic groups, the Hausa ethnic group (predominant in the north) was found to be 95% Muslim and 5% Christian, the Yoruba tribe (predominant in the west) was 55% Muslim, 35% Christian and 10% adherents of other religions, while the Igbos (predominant in the east) and the Ijaw (south) were 98% Christian, with 2% practising traditional religions. The middle belt of Nigeria contains the largest number of minority ethnic groups in Nigeria, who were found to be mostly Christians and members of traditional religions, with a small proportion of Muslims. Title: Bethel, Illinois Passage: Bethel is a former community in Clay County, Illinois, United States. Bethel was located in Songer Township, along a railroad line north of Greendale. Title: Masha Hamilton Passage: Masha Hamilton is a United States journalist and the author of five novels. She founded two world literacy projects, and has worked as head of communications for the US Embassy in Afghanistan and the NGO Concern Worldwide US. Title: Tuntutuliak Airport Passage: Tuntutuliak Airport is a state-owned public-use airport located one nautical mile (1.85 km) south of the central business district of Tuntutuliak, in the Bethel Census Area of the U.S. state of Alaska. Title: Longworth House Office Building Passage: The Longworth House Office Building (LHOB) is one of three office buildings used by the United States House of Representatives. The building is located south of the Capitol, bounded by Independence Avenue, New Jersey Avenue, C Street S.E., and South Capitol Street, in southeast Washington. It covers an area of and has a total of 251 congressional offices and suites, five large committee rooms, seven small committee rooms, and a large assembly room now used by the Ways and Means Committee. Title: United States Capitol Passage: Prior to establishing the nation's capital in Washington, D.C., the United States Congress and its predecessors had met in Philadelphia (Independence Hall and Congress Hall), New York City (Federal Hall), and a number of other locations (York, Pennsylvania; Lancaster, Pennsylvania; Maryland State House in Annapolis, Maryland; and Nassau Hall in Princeton, New Jersey). In September 1774, the First Continental Congress brought together delegates from the colonies in Philadelphia, followed by the Second Continental Congress, which met from May 1775 to March 1781. Title: Philadelphia Passage: The state government left Philadelphia in 1799, and the federal government was moved to Washington, DC in 1800 with completion of the White House and Capitol. The city remained the young nation's largest with a population of nearly 50,000 at the turn of the 19th century; it was a financial and cultural center. Before 1800, its free black community founded the African Methodist Episcopal Church (AME), the first independent black denomination in the country, and the first black Episcopal Church. The free black community also established many schools for its children, with the help of Quakers. New York City soon surpassed Philadelphia in population, but with the construction of roads, canals, and railroads, Philadelphia became the first major industrial city in the United States. Title: Hadassah Women's Zionist Organization of America Passage: 330,000 members in the United States. Hadassah fundraises for community programs and health initiatives in Israel, including the Hadassah Medical Center, a leading research hospital in Israel renowned for its inclusion of and treatment for all religions and races in Jerusalem. In the US, the organization advocates on behalf of women's rights, religious autonomy and US-Israel diplomacy. In Israel, Hadassah supports health education and research, women's initiatives, schools and programs for underprivileged youth. Title: Ryan Lackey Passage: Lackey returned to the US and located in San Francisco where he worked for a number of start-up companies before applying to Y Combinator. He was accepted into Y Combinator's Summer 2011 round. Lackey founded CryptoSeal, a VPN as a service start-up with a small group of people well known in the computer security community, and secured funding from Ron Conway and a well known venture capital fund. In June 2014, CryptoSeal was acquired by CloudFlare. Title: Mount Bethel, Pennsylvania Passage: Mount Bethel is an unincorporated community in Upper Mount Bethel Township in Northampton County, Pennsylvania, United States. Mount Bethel is located along Pennsylvania Route 611 north of the intersection with Pennsylvania Route 512. Title: Yupiit School District Passage: The Yupiit School District serves students in the Akiachak, Akiak, and Tuluksak communities in the Bethel Census Area of the U.S. state of Alaska. Title: Bethel College (Kentucky) Passage: The institution opened as Bethel Female High School in Hopkinsville, while the Russellville campus opened as Russellville Male Academy. The Hopkinsville campus changed its name to Bethel College for Women four years later in 1858, taking in students continuing with the program. The college changed its name again in 1917; the Russelville campus became Bethel College, and the Hopkinsville campus Bethel Women's Jr. College. In 1951, the college became co-educational and changed its name to simply Bethel College. It closed in 1964, with the Hopkinsville campus razed in 1966. The last commencement for the Russellville campus was held on January 20, 1933. Title: Black Mark Production Passage: Black Mark Production (founded 1991) is an independent record label originally based in Berlin, later on with offices in Stockholm, Toronto and New York City etc. Black Mark Productions today is a worldwide operating business placed in Villa Hammerheart, Bruzaholm, Sweden, that specializes in extreme metal releases, perhaps best known for its close connection to Quorthon, leader of the defining black metal band Bathory until his death in 2004. As Quorthon himself has stated several times, it was often speculated that he had something to do with the business and operation of Black Mark Productions, except for the concept and name of the label, which would be referenced in the title of the 1987 release "Under the Sign of the Black Mark". Quorthon received permission from the Tyfon Grammofon label - which was owned by Börje "Boss" Forsberg and featured Bathory - to use his own proxy-label on all Bathory albums, along with a unique 666-X serial number, starting with the self-titled debut album from 1984, but the label wasn't founded as a separate entity before 1991. Who did found it remains disputed, but many point to Boss Forsberg. Title: Black people Passage: By that time, the majority of black people in the United States were native-born, so the use of the term "African" became problematic. Though initially a source of pride, many blacks feared that the use of African as an identity would be a hindrance to their fight for full citizenship in the US. They also felt that it would give ammunition to those who were advocating repatriating black people back to Africa. In 1835, black leaders called upon Black Americans to remove the title of "African" from their institutions and replace it with "Negro" or "Colored American". A few institutions chose to keep their historic names, such as the African Methodist Episcopal Church. African Americans popularly used the terms "Negro" or "colored" for themselves until the late 1960s.	[ "Philadelphia", "Mother Bethel A.M.E. Church", "United States Capitol" ]
2hop__655233_21587	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Jackie Holmes (born \"Marion Holmes\"; September 4, 1920 – March 1, 1995) was an American racecar driver from Indianapolis, Indiana.", "title": "Jackie Holmes" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"The Adventure of the Engineer's Thumb\", one of the 56 short Sherlock Holmes stories written by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, is the ninth of the twelve stories collected in \"The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes\". The story was first published in \"Strand Magazine\" in March 1892. Dr. Watson notes that this is one of only two cases which he personally brought to the attention of Sherlock Holmes.", "title": "The Adventure of the Engineer's Thumb" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Hound of the Baskervilles Cover of the first edition Author Arthur Conan Doyle Illustrator Sidney Paget Cover artist Alfred Garth Jones Country United Kingdom Language English Series Sherlock Holmes Genre Detective fiction Publisher George Newnes Publication date 1902 Preceded by The Final Problem (last story of The Memoirs of Sherlock Holmes) Followed by The Return of Sherlock Holmes", "title": "The Hound of the Baskervilles" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The most populous member state is Germany, with an estimated 82.8 million people, and the least populous member state is Malta with 0.4 million. Birth rates in the EU are low with the average woman having 1.6 children. The highest birth - rates are found in Ireland with 16.876 births per thousand people per year and France with 13.013 births per thousand people per year. Germany has the lowest birth rate in Europe with 8.221 births per thousand people per year.", "title": "Demographics of the European Union" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"The Adventure of Black Peter\" is a Sherlock Holmes story by Arthur Conan Doyle. This tale is in the collection \"The Return of Sherlock Holmes\", but was published originally in 1904 in the \"Strand Magazine\" and \"Collier's\".", "title": "The Adventure of Black Peter" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Mandala of Sherlock Holmes (published in the United States as Sherlock Holmes: The Missing Years) is a Sherlock Holmes pastiche novel by Jamyang Norbu, originally published in India in 1999.", "title": "The Mandala of Sherlock Holmes" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Ann Arbor was founded in 1824, named for wives of the village's founders and the stands of Bur Oak trees. The University of Michigan moved from Detroit to Ann Arbor in 1837, and the city grew at a rapid rate in the early to mid-20th century. During the 1960s and 1970s, the city gained a reputation as a center for left-wing politics. Ann Arbor became a focal point for political activism and served as a hub for the civil-rights movement and anti-Vietnam War movement, as well as various student movements.", "title": "Ann Arbor, Michigan" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The first in - flight movie was in 1921 on Aeromarine Airways showing a film called Howdy Chicago to its passengers as the amphibious airplane flew around Chicago. The film The Lost World was shown to passengers of an Imperial Airways flight in April 1925 between London (Croydon Airport) and Paris.", "title": "In-flight entertainment" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Sherlock Holmes: A Game of Shadows is a 2011 British - American period action mystery film directed by Guy Ritchie and produced by Joel Silver, Lionel Wigram, Susan Downey and Dan Lin. It is the sequel to the 2009 film Sherlock Holmes, and likewise features the Sherlock Holmes and Dr. John Watson characters created by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle. The film's screenplay was written by Michele Mulroney and Kieran Mulroney. Robert Downey Jr. and Jude Law reprise their roles as Holmes and Watson, and were joined by Noomi Rapace as Simza, Stephen Fry as Mycroft Holmes and Jared Harris as Professor Moriarty. The film follows an original premise incorporating elements of Conan Doyle's short stories ``The Final Problem ''and`` The Empty House''. In the film, Holmes and Watson travel across Europe with a Gypsy adventuress to foil an intricate plot by their cunning nemesis, Professor Moriarty, to instigate a war.", "title": "Sherlock Holmes: A Game of Shadows" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"The Adventure of the Speckled Band\" is one of the 56 short Sherlock Holmes stories written by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle. It is the eighth of the twelve stories collected in \"The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes\". It is one of four Sherlock Holmes stories that can be classified as a locked room mystery. The story was first published in \"Strand Magazine\" in February 1892, with illustrations by Sidney Paget. It was published under the different title \"The Spotted Band\" in \"New York World\" in August 1905. Doyle later revealed that he thought this was his best Holmes story.", "title": "The Adventure of the Speckled Band" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Elmer Holmes Bobst Library, often referred to as simply Bobst Library or Bobst, is the main library at New York University in Manhattan, New York City. The library is located at 70 Washington Square South between LaGuardia Place and the Schwartz pedestrian plaza, across from the southeast corner of Washington Square Park. Opened on September 12, 1973, Bobst Library is named after its benefactor, Elmer Holmes Bobst who gave toward its completion. Bobst – a philanthropist who made his money in the pharmaceutical industry, and a confidant of U.S. President Richard Nixon – was a long-time trustee at New York University.", "title": "Elmer Holmes Bobst Library" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "John H. Watson, known as Dr Watson, is a fictional character in the Sherlock Holmes stories by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle. Watson is Sherlock Holmes' friend, assistant and sometime flatmate, and the first person narrator of all but four of these stories. He is described as the typical Victorian-era gentleman, unlike the more eccentric Holmes. He is astute, although he can never match his friend's deductive skills.", "title": "Dr. Watson" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"The Man with the Twisted Lip\", one of the 56 short Sherlock Holmes stories written by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, is the sixth of the twelve stories in \"The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes\". The story was first published in the \"Strand Magazine\" in December 1891. Doyle ranked \"The Man with the Twisted Lip\" sixteenth in a list of his nineteen favourite Sherlock Holmes stories.", "title": "The Man with the Twisted Lip" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"The Adventure of the Abbas Ruby\" is a Sherlock Holmes mystery by Adrian Conan Doyle, the youngest son of Arthur Conan Doyle, the Sherlock Holmes creator. The story was published in the 1954 collection, \"The Exploits of Sherlock Holmes\".", "title": "The Adventure of the Abbas Ruby" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Howard \"Howdy\" S. Holmes (born December 14, 1947, Ann Arbor, Michigan), is a former driver in the CART Championship Car series. He began racing in the early 1970s and was based in Stockbridge, Michigan, about northeast of Chelsea, Michigan where his family owned a milling company.", "title": "Howdy Holmes" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"The Adventure of the Golden Pince-Nez\", one of the 56 Sherlock Holmes short stories written by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, is one of 13 stories in the cycle collected as \"The Return of Sherlock Holmes\".", "title": "The Adventure of the Golden Pince-Nez" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"The Adventure of the Three Students\", one of the 56 Sherlock Holmes short stories written by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, is one of 13 stories in the cycle collected as \"The Return of Sherlock Holmes\".", "title": "The Adventure of the Three Students" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In the first Wanna Be a VJ contest Jesse Camp beat Dave Holmes. Holmes ended up hosting various shows on MTV until 2001.", "title": "Wanna Be a VJ" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Fans who call themselves \"pilgrims\" travel to Meiringen dressed as characters, both major and minor, from the Holmes stories. There, they take part in a reenactment of the events of \"The Final Problem\" organised by The Sherlock Holmes Society of London.", "title": "The Final Problem" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Osmund Holm-Hansen (also known as Oz Holm-Hansen) is a Norwegian-born American scientist, for whom Mount Holm-Hansen, in Antarctica is named. A plant physiologist by training, from 1962 Holm-Hansen was the head of polar research at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography.", "title": "Osmund Holm-Hansen" } ]	When was the city where Howdy Holmes was born founded?	1824	[]	Title: In-flight entertainment Passage: The first in - flight movie was in 1921 on Aeromarine Airways showing a film called Howdy Chicago to its passengers as the amphibious airplane flew around Chicago. The film The Lost World was shown to passengers of an Imperial Airways flight in April 1925 between London (Croydon Airport) and Paris. Title: The Adventure of the Engineer's Thumb Passage: "The Adventure of the Engineer's Thumb", one of the 56 short Sherlock Holmes stories written by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, is the ninth of the twelve stories collected in "The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes". The story was first published in "Strand Magazine" in March 1892. Dr. Watson notes that this is one of only two cases which he personally brought to the attention of Sherlock Holmes. Title: Dr. Watson Passage: John H. Watson, known as Dr Watson, is a fictional character in the Sherlock Holmes stories by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle. Watson is Sherlock Holmes' friend, assistant and sometime flatmate, and the first person narrator of all but four of these stories. He is described as the typical Victorian-era gentleman, unlike the more eccentric Holmes. He is astute, although he can never match his friend's deductive skills. Title: Elmer Holmes Bobst Library Passage: The Elmer Holmes Bobst Library, often referred to as simply Bobst Library or Bobst, is the main library at New York University in Manhattan, New York City. The library is located at 70 Washington Square South between LaGuardia Place and the Schwartz pedestrian plaza, across from the southeast corner of Washington Square Park. Opened on September 12, 1973, Bobst Library is named after its benefactor, Elmer Holmes Bobst who gave toward its completion. Bobst – a philanthropist who made his money in the pharmaceutical industry, and a confidant of U.S. President Richard Nixon – was a long-time trustee at New York University. Title: The Adventure of the Three Students Passage: "The Adventure of the Three Students", one of the 56 Sherlock Holmes short stories written by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, is one of 13 stories in the cycle collected as "The Return of Sherlock Holmes". Title: Wanna Be a VJ Passage: In the first Wanna Be a VJ contest Jesse Camp beat Dave Holmes. Holmes ended up hosting various shows on MTV until 2001. Title: Sherlock Holmes: A Game of Shadows Passage: Sherlock Holmes: A Game of Shadows is a 2011 British - American period action mystery film directed by Guy Ritchie and produced by Joel Silver, Lionel Wigram, Susan Downey and Dan Lin. It is the sequel to the 2009 film Sherlock Holmes, and likewise features the Sherlock Holmes and Dr. John Watson characters created by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle. The film's screenplay was written by Michele Mulroney and Kieran Mulroney. Robert Downey Jr. and Jude Law reprise their roles as Holmes and Watson, and were joined by Noomi Rapace as Simza, Stephen Fry as Mycroft Holmes and Jared Harris as Professor Moriarty. The film follows an original premise incorporating elements of Conan Doyle's short stories ``The Final Problem ''and`` The Empty House''. In the film, Holmes and Watson travel across Europe with a Gypsy adventuress to foil an intricate plot by their cunning nemesis, Professor Moriarty, to instigate a war. Title: The Man with the Twisted Lip Passage: "The Man with the Twisted Lip", one of the 56 short Sherlock Holmes stories written by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, is the sixth of the twelve stories in "The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes". The story was first published in the "Strand Magazine" in December 1891. Doyle ranked "The Man with the Twisted Lip" sixteenth in a list of his nineteen favourite Sherlock Holmes stories. Title: The Adventure of Black Peter Passage: "The Adventure of Black Peter" is a Sherlock Holmes story by Arthur Conan Doyle. This tale is in the collection "The Return of Sherlock Holmes", but was published originally in 1904 in the "Strand Magazine" and "Collier's". Title: The Adventure of the Abbas Ruby Passage: "The Adventure of the Abbas Ruby" is a Sherlock Holmes mystery by Adrian Conan Doyle, the youngest son of Arthur Conan Doyle, the Sherlock Holmes creator. The story was published in the 1954 collection, "The Exploits of Sherlock Holmes". Title: The Hound of the Baskervilles Passage: The Hound of the Baskervilles Cover of the first edition Author Arthur Conan Doyle Illustrator Sidney Paget Cover artist Alfred Garth Jones Country United Kingdom Language English Series Sherlock Holmes Genre Detective fiction Publisher George Newnes Publication date 1902 Preceded by The Final Problem (last story of The Memoirs of Sherlock Holmes) Followed by The Return of Sherlock Holmes Title: Jackie Holmes Passage: Jackie Holmes (born "Marion Holmes"; September 4, 1920 – March 1, 1995) was an American racecar driver from Indianapolis, Indiana. Title: Howdy Holmes Passage: Howard "Howdy" S. Holmes (born December 14, 1947, Ann Arbor, Michigan), is a former driver in the CART Championship Car series. He began racing in the early 1970s and was based in Stockbridge, Michigan, about northeast of Chelsea, Michigan where his family owned a milling company. Title: Osmund Holm-Hansen Passage: Osmund Holm-Hansen (also known as Oz Holm-Hansen) is a Norwegian-born American scientist, for whom Mount Holm-Hansen, in Antarctica is named. A plant physiologist by training, from 1962 Holm-Hansen was the head of polar research at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography. Title: The Mandala of Sherlock Holmes Passage: The Mandala of Sherlock Holmes (published in the United States as Sherlock Holmes: The Missing Years) is a Sherlock Holmes pastiche novel by Jamyang Norbu, originally published in India in 1999. Title: The Final Problem Passage: Fans who call themselves "pilgrims" travel to Meiringen dressed as characters, both major and minor, from the Holmes stories. There, they take part in a reenactment of the events of "The Final Problem" organised by The Sherlock Holmes Society of London. Title: The Adventure of the Golden Pince-Nez Passage: "The Adventure of the Golden Pince-Nez", one of the 56 Sherlock Holmes short stories written by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, is one of 13 stories in the cycle collected as "The Return of Sherlock Holmes". Title: Demographics of the European Union Passage: The most populous member state is Germany, with an estimated 82.8 million people, and the least populous member state is Malta with 0.4 million. Birth rates in the EU are low with the average woman having 1.6 children. The highest birth - rates are found in Ireland with 16.876 births per thousand people per year and France with 13.013 births per thousand people per year. Germany has the lowest birth rate in Europe with 8.221 births per thousand people per year. Title: Ann Arbor, Michigan Passage: Ann Arbor was founded in 1824, named for wives of the village's founders and the stands of Bur Oak trees. The University of Michigan moved from Detroit to Ann Arbor in 1837, and the city grew at a rapid rate in the early to mid-20th century. During the 1960s and 1970s, the city gained a reputation as a center for left-wing politics. Ann Arbor became a focal point for political activism and served as a hub for the civil-rights movement and anti-Vietnam War movement, as well as various student movements. Title: The Adventure of the Speckled Band Passage: "The Adventure of the Speckled Band" is one of the 56 short Sherlock Holmes stories written by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle. It is the eighth of the twelve stories collected in "The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes". It is one of four Sherlock Holmes stories that can be classified as a locked room mystery. The story was first published in "Strand Magazine" in February 1892, with illustrations by Sidney Paget. It was published under the different title "The Spotted Band" in "New York World" in August 1905. Doyle later revealed that he thought this was his best Holmes story.	[ "Ann Arbor, Michigan", "Howdy Holmes" ]
2hop__856348_124042	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "William Phinney (born 1824, date of death unknown) was a Union Navy sailor in the American Civil War and a recipient of the U.S. military's highest decoration, the Medal of Honor, for his actions at the Battle of Mobile Bay.", "title": "William Phinney" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Samuel Todd (born 1815, date of death unknown) was a Union Navy sailor in the American Civil War and a recipient of the U.S. military's highest decoration, the Medal of Honor, for his actions at the Battle of Mobile Bay.", "title": "Samuel Todd" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "William A. Stanley (born 1831, date of death unknown) was a Union Navy sailor in the American Civil War and a recipient of the U.S. military's highest decoration, the Medal of Honor, for his actions at the Battle of Mobile Bay.", "title": "William A. Stanley" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Thomas Oliver Bennett (birth registered second ¼ 1852 – death registered third ¼ 1905) was an English rugby union footballer who played in the 1870s. He played at representative level for Yorkshire, and at club level for Wakefield Trinity (were a rugby union club at the time, so no Heritage № is allocated). Prior to Tuesday 27 August 1895, Wakefield Trinity was a rugby union club.", "title": "Thomas Oliver Bennett" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Battle of Wakefield took place in Sandal Magna near Wakefield in northern England, on 30 December 1460. It was a major battle of the Wars of the Roses. The opposing forces were an army led by nobles loyal to the captive King Henry VI of the House of Lancaster and his Queen Margaret of Anjou on one side, and the army of Richard, Duke of York, the rival claimant to the throne, on the other.", "title": "Battle of Wakefield" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The William Sherman Jennings House (also known as the May Mann Jennings House or the Jennings-Rogers House) is a historic residence in Brooksville, Florida, United States. It dates to ca. 1890. Located at 48 Olive Street, it was added to the National Register of Historic Places on October 22, 1998.", "title": "William Sherman Jennings House" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "James Seanor (born 1833, date of death unknown) was a Master-at-Arms in the Union Navy who served during the American Civil War and a recipient of the U.S. military's highest decoration, the Medal of Honor, for his actions at the Battle of Mobile Bay.", "title": "James Seanor" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Battle of Graus was a battle of the \"Reconquista\", traditionally said to have taken place on 8 May 1063. Antonio Ubieto Arteta, in his \"Historia de Aragón\", re-dated the battle to 1069. The late twelfth-century \"Chronica naierensis\" dates the encounter to 1070. Either in or as a result of the battle, Ramiro I of Aragon, one of the protagonists, died.", "title": "Battle of Graus" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "To Kill a King is a 2003 English Civil War film directed by Mike Barker and starring Tim Roth, Rupert Everett and Dougray Scott. It centres on the relationship between Oliver Cromwell and Thomas Fairfax in the post-war period from 1648 until the former's death, in 1658.", "title": "To Kill a King" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "William Martin (born 1839, date of death unknown) was a Union Navy sailor in the American Civil War and a recipient of the U.S. military's highest decoration, the Medal of Honor, for his actions at the Battle of Forts Jackson and St. Philip.", "title": "William Martin (sailor)" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "George Hollat (born 1846, date of death unknown) was a Union Navy sailor in the American Civil War and a recipient of the U.S. military's highest decoration, the Medal of Honor, for his actions at the Battle of Forts Jackson and St. Philip.", "title": "George Hollat" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "John Irving (born 1839, date of death unknown) was a Union Navy sailor in the American Civil War and a recipient of the U.S. military's highest decoration, the Medal of Honor, for his actions at the Battle of Mobile Bay.", "title": "John Irving (sailor)" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Joseph Irlam (born 1840, date of death unknown) was a Union Navy sailor in the American Civil War and a recipient of the U.S. military's highest decoration, the Medal of Honor, for his actions at the Battle of Mobile Bay.", "title": "Joseph Irlam" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "James E. Sterling (born 1838, date of death unknown) was a Union Navy sailor in the American Civil War and a recipient of the U.S. military's highest decoration, the Medal of Honor, for his actions at the Battle of Mobile Bay.", "title": "James E. Sterling" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Thomas E. Atkinson (born 1824, date of death unknown) was a Union Navy sailor in the American Civil War and a recipient of the U.S. military's highest decoration, the Medal of Honor, for his actions at the Battle of Mobile Bay.", "title": "Thomas E. Atkinson" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Battle of Adrianople (9 August 378), sometimes known as the Battle of Hadrianopolis, was fought between an Eastern Roman army led by the Eastern Roman Emperor Valens and Gothic rebels (largely Thervings as well as Greutungs, non-Gothic Alans, and various local rebels) led by Fritigern. The battle took place in the vicinity of Adrianople, in the Roman province of Thracia (modern Edirne in European Turkey). It ended with an overwhelming victory for the Goths and the death of Emperor Valens.", "title": "Battle of Adrianople" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "John Woon (born 1823, date of death unknown) was a Union Navy sailor in the American Civil War and a recipient of the U.S. military's highest decoration, the Medal of Honor, for his actions during the Battle of Grand Gulf.", "title": "John Woon" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Adam Duncan (born 1833, date of death unknown) was a Union Navy sailor in the American Civil War and a recipient of the U.S. military's highest decoration, the Medal of Honor, for his actions at the Battle of Mobile Bay.", "title": "Adam Duncan (sailor)" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "USS \"Oliver Hazard Perry\" (FFG-7), lead ship of the of guided-missile frigates, was named for Oliver Hazard Perry, American naval hero, who was victorious at the 1813 Battle of Lake Erie. \"Oliver Hazard Perry\" (FFG-7) was the first ship and, as of 2015, the only ship of that name in the U.S. Navy. \"Oliver Hazard Perry\" was in service from 1977 to 1997 and was scrapped in 2005.", "title": "USS Oliver Hazard Perry" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Battle of Lade was fought between the navy of Rhodes and the navy of Macedon. The battle took place in 201 BC and it was part of the Cretan War. The battle was fought off the shore of Asia Minor and the island of Lade, near Miletus. The battle ended in a crushing victory for the Macedonians and it nearly spelled the end for the Rhodians but the result of this battle caused the Romans to intervene and Rhodes was saved.", "title": "Battle of Lade (201 BC)" } ]	When did the Battle at Thomas Oliver Bennett's place of death end?	30 December 1460	[]	Title: William Phinney Passage: William Phinney (born 1824, date of death unknown) was a Union Navy sailor in the American Civil War and a recipient of the U.S. military's highest decoration, the Medal of Honor, for his actions at the Battle of Mobile Bay. Title: William A. Stanley Passage: William A. Stanley (born 1831, date of death unknown) was a Union Navy sailor in the American Civil War and a recipient of the U.S. military's highest decoration, the Medal of Honor, for his actions at the Battle of Mobile Bay. Title: Thomas Oliver Bennett Passage: Thomas Oliver Bennett (birth registered second ¼ 1852 – death registered third ¼ 1905) was an English rugby union footballer who played in the 1870s. He played at representative level for Yorkshire, and at club level for Wakefield Trinity (were a rugby union club at the time, so no Heritage № is allocated). Prior to Tuesday 27 August 1895, Wakefield Trinity was a rugby union club. Title: Samuel Todd Passage: Samuel Todd (born 1815, date of death unknown) was a Union Navy sailor in the American Civil War and a recipient of the U.S. military's highest decoration, the Medal of Honor, for his actions at the Battle of Mobile Bay. Title: Battle of Wakefield Passage: The Battle of Wakefield took place in Sandal Magna near Wakefield in northern England, on 30 December 1460. It was a major battle of the Wars of the Roses. The opposing forces were an army led by nobles loyal to the captive King Henry VI of the House of Lancaster and his Queen Margaret of Anjou on one side, and the army of Richard, Duke of York, the rival claimant to the throne, on the other. Title: John Woon Passage: John Woon (born 1823, date of death unknown) was a Union Navy sailor in the American Civil War and a recipient of the U.S. military's highest decoration, the Medal of Honor, for his actions during the Battle of Grand Gulf. Title: James Seanor Passage: James Seanor (born 1833, date of death unknown) was a Master-at-Arms in the Union Navy who served during the American Civil War and a recipient of the U.S. military's highest decoration, the Medal of Honor, for his actions at the Battle of Mobile Bay. Title: James E. Sterling Passage: James E. Sterling (born 1838, date of death unknown) was a Union Navy sailor in the American Civil War and a recipient of the U.S. military's highest decoration, the Medal of Honor, for his actions at the Battle of Mobile Bay. Title: Joseph Irlam Passage: Joseph Irlam (born 1840, date of death unknown) was a Union Navy sailor in the American Civil War and a recipient of the U.S. military's highest decoration, the Medal of Honor, for his actions at the Battle of Mobile Bay. Title: William Sherman Jennings House Passage: The William Sherman Jennings House (also known as the May Mann Jennings House or the Jennings-Rogers House) is a historic residence in Brooksville, Florida, United States. It dates to ca. 1890. Located at 48 Olive Street, it was added to the National Register of Historic Places on October 22, 1998. Title: Thomas E. Atkinson Passage: Thomas E. Atkinson (born 1824, date of death unknown) was a Union Navy sailor in the American Civil War and a recipient of the U.S. military's highest decoration, the Medal of Honor, for his actions at the Battle of Mobile Bay. Title: John Irving (sailor) Passage: John Irving (born 1839, date of death unknown) was a Union Navy sailor in the American Civil War and a recipient of the U.S. military's highest decoration, the Medal of Honor, for his actions at the Battle of Mobile Bay. Title: Battle of Graus Passage: The Battle of Graus was a battle of the "Reconquista", traditionally said to have taken place on 8 May 1063. Antonio Ubieto Arteta, in his "Historia de Aragón", re-dated the battle to 1069. The late twelfth-century "Chronica naierensis" dates the encounter to 1070. Either in or as a result of the battle, Ramiro I of Aragon, one of the protagonists, died. Title: Battle of Lade (201 BC) Passage: The Battle of Lade was fought between the navy of Rhodes and the navy of Macedon. The battle took place in 201 BC and it was part of the Cretan War. The battle was fought off the shore of Asia Minor and the island of Lade, near Miletus. The battle ended in a crushing victory for the Macedonians and it nearly spelled the end for the Rhodians but the result of this battle caused the Romans to intervene and Rhodes was saved. Title: To Kill a King Passage: To Kill a King is a 2003 English Civil War film directed by Mike Barker and starring Tim Roth, Rupert Everett and Dougray Scott. It centres on the relationship between Oliver Cromwell and Thomas Fairfax in the post-war period from 1648 until the former's death, in 1658. Title: George Hollat Passage: George Hollat (born 1846, date of death unknown) was a Union Navy sailor in the American Civil War and a recipient of the U.S. military's highest decoration, the Medal of Honor, for his actions at the Battle of Forts Jackson and St. Philip. Title: USS Oliver Hazard Perry Passage: USS "Oliver Hazard Perry" (FFG-7), lead ship of the of guided-missile frigates, was named for Oliver Hazard Perry, American naval hero, who was victorious at the 1813 Battle of Lake Erie. "Oliver Hazard Perry" (FFG-7) was the first ship and, as of 2015, the only ship of that name in the U.S. Navy. "Oliver Hazard Perry" was in service from 1977 to 1997 and was scrapped in 2005. Title: Battle of Adrianople Passage: The Battle of Adrianople (9 August 378), sometimes known as the Battle of Hadrianopolis, was fought between an Eastern Roman army led by the Eastern Roman Emperor Valens and Gothic rebels (largely Thervings as well as Greutungs, non-Gothic Alans, and various local rebels) led by Fritigern. The battle took place in the vicinity of Adrianople, in the Roman province of Thracia (modern Edirne in European Turkey). It ended with an overwhelming victory for the Goths and the death of Emperor Valens. Title: Adam Duncan (sailor) Passage: Adam Duncan (born 1833, date of death unknown) was a Union Navy sailor in the American Civil War and a recipient of the U.S. military's highest decoration, the Medal of Honor, for his actions at the Battle of Mobile Bay. Title: William Martin (sailor) Passage: William Martin (born 1839, date of death unknown) was a Union Navy sailor in the American Civil War and a recipient of the U.S. military's highest decoration, the Medal of Honor, for his actions at the Battle of Forts Jackson and St. Philip.	[ "Thomas Oliver Bennett", "Battle of Wakefield" ]
2hop__15674_42467	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The influence of science also began appearing more commonly in poetry and literature during the Enlightenment. Some poetry became infused with scientific metaphor and imagery, while other poems were written directly about scientific topics. Sir Richard Blackmore committed the Newtonian system to verse in Creation, a Philosophical Poem in Seven Books (1712). After Newton's death in 1727, poems were composed in his honour for decades. James Thomson (1700–1748) penned his \"Poem to the Memory of Newton,\" which mourned the loss of Newton, but also praised his science and legacy.", "title": "Age of Enlightenment" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Sobkou Planitia is a large basin on the planet Mercury. It is named after the ancient Egyptian messenger deity Sobkou (whose name is more usually transliterated Sobek). He was associated by the Egyptians with the planet Mercury.", "title": "Sobkou Planitia" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "It was only the orbit of the planet Mercury that Newton's Law of Gravitation seemed not to fully explain. Some astrophysicists predicted the existence of another planet (Vulcan) that would explain the discrepancies; however, despite some early indications, no such planet could be found. When Albert Einstein formulated his theory of general relativity (GR) he turned his attention to the problem of Mercury's orbit and found that his theory added a correction, which could account for the discrepancy. This was the first time that Newton's Theory of Gravity had been shown to be less correct than an alternative.", "title": "Force" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The acceleration due to gravity on the surface of the Moon is about 1.625 m / s, about 16.6% that on Earth's surface or 0.16 ɡ. Over the entire surface, the variation in gravitational acceleration is about 0.0253 m / s (1.6% of the acceleration due to gravity). Because weight is directly dependent upon gravitational acceleration, things on the Moon will weigh only 16.6% of what they weigh on the Earth.", "title": "Gravitation of the Moon" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard is a poem by Thomas Gray, completed in 1750 and first published in 1751. The poem's origins are unknown, but it was partly inspired by Gray's thoughts following the death of the poet Richard West in 1742. Originally titled Stanzas Wrote in a Country Church - Yard, the poem was completed when Gray was living near St Giles' parish church at Stoke Poges. It was sent to his friend Horace Walpole, who popularised the poem among London literary circles. Gray was eventually forced to publish the work on 15 February 1751, to pre-empt a magazine publisher from printing an unlicensed copy of the poem.", "title": "Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "It was directed by Gilbert Cates, whose most successful film \"Oh, God! Book II\", was released in the same year. The film starred George Segal and Natalie Wood as a California couple in the late 1970s struggling to maintain their \"happily married\" status as all their friends begin to get divorces and seem to be caught up in the decadence of the sexual revolution and the \"ME\" era. This is the last completed theatrical release Natalie Wood made before her death in 1981.", "title": "The Last Married Couple in America" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Gertrude Buck (July 14, 1871 - Kalamazoo, Michigan, 1922) was one of a group of powerful female rhetoricians of her time. She strived to inspire young women to take on leadership roles within the democracy using the written word. She wrote many books, plays, articles, and poems relating to her cause. Her parents were Judge M. Buck and Annie Buck. She lived out most of her life after college in Poughkeepsie, New York with close friend and colleague, Laura Wylie. The two were rumored to be lovers. She never married or had any children. Buck dedicated her life to \"challenging the patriarchal paradigm with her reformist views of pedagogy and rhetoric\".", "title": "Gertrude Buck" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "General relativity (GR, also known as the general theory of relativity or GTR) is the geometric theory of gravitation published by Albert Einstein in 1915 and the current description of gravitation in modern physics. General relativity generalizes special relativity and refines Newton's law of universal gravitation, providing a unified description of gravity as a geometric property of space and time, or spacetime. In particular, the \"\" is directly related to the energy and momentum of whatever matter and radiation are present. The relation is specified by the Einstein field equations, a system of partial differential equations.", "title": "General relativity" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The poem also covers the topic of mortality. In the last line it states that the seven pool players and narrator will ``Die Soon '', although the seven young pool players are prideful in their rebellion, they will eventually face mortality. This could also be an indicator into the time period with which the poem was written during the 1960s. Racial tensions were at a height during the decade with civil rights leaders pushing for de-segregation in the South. The mortality that Brooks addresses could be an indicator of the times that it was written in along with the fast life that the boys live in their enjoyment of skipping school, singing sin and drinking gin.", "title": "We Real Cool" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Act Naturally\" is a song written by Johnny Russell and Voni Morrison, originally recorded by Buck Owens and the Buckaroos, whose version reached number one on the \"Billboard\" Country Singles chart in 1963, his first chart-topper. In 2002, Shelly Fabian of About.com ranked the song number 169 on her list of the Top 500 Country Music Songs.", "title": "Act Naturally" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Death Note (Japanese: デスノート, Hepburn: Desu Nōto) is a Japanese manga series written by Tsugumi Ohba and illustrated by Takeshi Obata. The story follows Light Yagami, a teen genius who stumbles across a mysterious otherworldly notebook: the \"Death Note\", which belonged to the demonic Shinigami Ryuk, and grants the user the supernatural ability to kill anyone whose name is written in its pages. The series centers around Light's subsequent attempts to use the Death Note to carry out a world-wide massacre of those whom he deems morally unworthy of life to change the world into a utopian society without crime using the alias of a god-like vigilante named \"Kira\" (\"キラ\", the Japanese transliteration of the English word: killer) and the subsequent efforts of an elite task-force of law enforcement officers, consisting of members of the Japanese police force led by L, an enigmatic international detective whose past is shrouded in mystery, to apprehend him and end his reign of terror.", "title": "Death Note" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In 1687, English mathematician Sir Isaac Newton published Principia, which hypothesizes the inverse - square law of universal gravitation. In his own words, ``I deduced that the forces which keep the planets in their orbs must be reciprocally as the squares of their distances from the centers about which they revolve; and thereby compared the force requisite to keep the Moon in her orb with the force of gravity at the surface of the Earth; and found them answer pretty nearly. ''", "title": "History of gravitational theory" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Jamie Farr (born Jameel Joseph Farah; July 1, 1934) is an American television, film, and theatre actor. He is of Lebanese descent. He is known for playing a cross-dressing corporal (later sergeant) from Toledo, Ohio, bucking for a Section 8 discharge, in the role of Maxwell Q. Klinger in the CBS television sitcom M * A * S * H. As of December 31, 2016, following the death of William Christopher, Farr is currently the oldest surviving cast member of M * A * S * H.", "title": "Jamie Farr" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``And death shall have no dominion ''is a poem written by Welsh poet Dylan Thomas (1914 -- 1953). The title comes from St. Paul's epistle to the Romans (6: 9).", "title": "And death shall have no dominion" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``An Irish Airman Foresees His Death ''is a poem by Irish poet William Butler Yeats (1865 - 1939) written in 1918 and first published in the Macmillan edition of The Wild Swans at Coole in 1919. The poem is a soliloquy given by an aviator in the First World War in which the narrator describes the circumstances surrounding his imminent death. The poem is a work that discusses the role of Irish soldiers fighting for the United Kingdom during a time when they were trying to establish independence for Ireland. Wishing to show restraint from publishing political poems during the height of the war, Yeats withheld publication of the poem until after the conflict had ended.", "title": "An Irish Airman Foresees His Death" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The planet Neptune was mathematically predicted before it was directly observed. With a prediction by Urbain Le Verrier, telescopic observations confirming the existence of a major planet were made on the night of September 23 -- 24, 1846, at the Berlin Observatory, by astronomer Johann Gottfried Galle (assisted by Heinrich Louis d'Arrest), working from Le Verrier's calculations. It was a sensational moment of 19th century science and dramatic confirmation of Newtonian gravitational theory. In François Arago's apt phrase, Le Verrier had discovered a planet ``with the point of his pen ''.", "title": "Discovery of Neptune" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Duke was admitted into the newly established Supreme Secret Council and exerted a moderate influence on Russian politics. Catherine I's death in 1727 made his position precarious, as the power shifted to the hands of Alexander Menshikov, who aspired to marry the young emperor, Peter II, to his own daughter, Maria Menshikov. A quarrel between the Duke and Menshikov resulted in the former's withdrawing to Holstein on 25 July 1727.", "title": "Grand Duchess Anna Petrovna of Russia" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The concept's origins can potentially be traced back further. Jewish law includes several considerations whose effects are similar to those of modern intellectual property laws, though the notion of intellectual creations as property does not seem to exist – notably the principle of Hasagat Ge'vul (unfair encroachment) was used to justify limited-term publisher (but not author) copyright in the 16th century. In 500 BCE, the government of the Greek state of Sybaris offered one year's patent \"to all who should discover any new refinement in luxury\".", "title": "Intellectual property" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``O Captain! My Captain! ''is an extended metaphor poem written in 1865 by Walt Whitman, about the death of American president Abraham Lincoln. The poem was first published in the pamphlet Sequel to Drum - Taps which assembled 18 poems regarding the American Civil War, including another Lincoln elegy,`` When Lilacs Last in the Dooryard Bloom'd''. It was included in Whitman's comprehensive collection Leaves of Grass beginning with its fourth edition published in 1867. The poem emphasizes or shows grief and sorrow.", "title": "O Captain! My Captain!" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Planet of the Apes Created by Pierre Boulle Original work La Planète des singes (1963) Print publications Novel (s) La Planète des singes (1963) Comics List of comics Films and television Film (s) Original series Planet of the Apes (1968) Beneath the Planet of the Apes (1970) Escape from the Planet of the Apes (1971) Conquest of the Planet of the Apes (1972) Battle for the Planet of the Apes (1973) Remake Planet of the Apes (2001) Reboot series Rise of the Planet of the Apes (2011) Dawn of the Planet of the Apes (2014) War for the Planet of the Apes (2017) Television series Planet of the Apes (1974) Return to the Planet of the Apes (1975 -- 1976) Games Video game (s) Planet of the Apes (2001) Revenge of the Apes (2003) Planet of the Apes: Last Frontier (2017)", "title": "Planet of the Apes" } ]	What planet seemed to buck the gravitational laws of the person whose death in 1727 prompted poems to be written in his honour for decades?	Mercury	[]	Title: Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard Passage: Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard is a poem by Thomas Gray, completed in 1750 and first published in 1751. The poem's origins are unknown, but it was partly inspired by Gray's thoughts following the death of the poet Richard West in 1742. Originally titled Stanzas Wrote in a Country Church - Yard, the poem was completed when Gray was living near St Giles' parish church at Stoke Poges. It was sent to his friend Horace Walpole, who popularised the poem among London literary circles. Gray was eventually forced to publish the work on 15 February 1751, to pre-empt a magazine publisher from printing an unlicensed copy of the poem. Title: O Captain! My Captain! Passage: ``O Captain! My Captain! ''is an extended metaphor poem written in 1865 by Walt Whitman, about the death of American president Abraham Lincoln. The poem was first published in the pamphlet Sequel to Drum - Taps which assembled 18 poems regarding the American Civil War, including another Lincoln elegy,`` When Lilacs Last in the Dooryard Bloom'd''. It was included in Whitman's comprehensive collection Leaves of Grass beginning with its fourth edition published in 1867. The poem emphasizes or shows grief and sorrow. Title: Gravitation of the Moon Passage: The acceleration due to gravity on the surface of the Moon is about 1.625 m / s, about 16.6% that on Earth's surface or 0.16 ɡ. Over the entire surface, the variation in gravitational acceleration is about 0.0253 m / s (1.6% of the acceleration due to gravity). Because weight is directly dependent upon gravitational acceleration, things on the Moon will weigh only 16.6% of what they weigh on the Earth. Title: Grand Duchess Anna Petrovna of Russia Passage: The Duke was admitted into the newly established Supreme Secret Council and exerted a moderate influence on Russian politics. Catherine I's death in 1727 made his position precarious, as the power shifted to the hands of Alexander Menshikov, who aspired to marry the young emperor, Peter II, to his own daughter, Maria Menshikov. A quarrel between the Duke and Menshikov resulted in the former's withdrawing to Holstein on 25 July 1727. Title: The Last Married Couple in America Passage: It was directed by Gilbert Cates, whose most successful film "Oh, God! Book II", was released in the same year. The film starred George Segal and Natalie Wood as a California couple in the late 1970s struggling to maintain their "happily married" status as all their friends begin to get divorces and seem to be caught up in the decadence of the sexual revolution and the "ME" era. This is the last completed theatrical release Natalie Wood made before her death in 1981. Title: Act Naturally Passage: "Act Naturally" is a song written by Johnny Russell and Voni Morrison, originally recorded by Buck Owens and the Buckaroos, whose version reached number one on the "Billboard" Country Singles chart in 1963, his first chart-topper. In 2002, Shelly Fabian of About.com ranked the song number 169 on her list of the Top 500 Country Music Songs. Title: Sobkou Planitia Passage: Sobkou Planitia is a large basin on the planet Mercury. It is named after the ancient Egyptian messenger deity Sobkou (whose name is more usually transliterated Sobek). He was associated by the Egyptians with the planet Mercury. Title: An Irish Airman Foresees His Death Passage: ``An Irish Airman Foresees His Death ''is a poem by Irish poet William Butler Yeats (1865 - 1939) written in 1918 and first published in the Macmillan edition of The Wild Swans at Coole in 1919. The poem is a soliloquy given by an aviator in the First World War in which the narrator describes the circumstances surrounding his imminent death. The poem is a work that discusses the role of Irish soldiers fighting for the United Kingdom during a time when they were trying to establish independence for Ireland. Wishing to show restraint from publishing political poems during the height of the war, Yeats withheld publication of the poem until after the conflict had ended. Title: And death shall have no dominion Passage: ``And death shall have no dominion ''is a poem written by Welsh poet Dylan Thomas (1914 -- 1953). The title comes from St. Paul's epistle to the Romans (6: 9). Title: Discovery of Neptune Passage: The planet Neptune was mathematically predicted before it was directly observed. With a prediction by Urbain Le Verrier, telescopic observations confirming the existence of a major planet were made on the night of September 23 -- 24, 1846, at the Berlin Observatory, by astronomer Johann Gottfried Galle (assisted by Heinrich Louis d'Arrest), working from Le Verrier's calculations. It was a sensational moment of 19th century science and dramatic confirmation of Newtonian gravitational theory. In François Arago's apt phrase, Le Verrier had discovered a planet ``with the point of his pen ''. Title: Jamie Farr Passage: Jamie Farr (born Jameel Joseph Farah; July 1, 1934) is an American television, film, and theatre actor. He is of Lebanese descent. He is known for playing a cross-dressing corporal (later sergeant) from Toledo, Ohio, bucking for a Section 8 discharge, in the role of Maxwell Q. Klinger in the CBS television sitcom M * A * S * H. As of December 31, 2016, following the death of William Christopher, Farr is currently the oldest surviving cast member of M * A * S * H. Title: Intellectual property Passage: The concept's origins can potentially be traced back further. Jewish law includes several considerations whose effects are similar to those of modern intellectual property laws, though the notion of intellectual creations as property does not seem to exist – notably the principle of Hasagat Ge'vul (unfair encroachment) was used to justify limited-term publisher (but not author) copyright in the 16th century. In 500 BCE, the government of the Greek state of Sybaris offered one year's patent "to all who should discover any new refinement in luxury". Title: General relativity Passage: General relativity (GR, also known as the general theory of relativity or GTR) is the geometric theory of gravitation published by Albert Einstein in 1915 and the current description of gravitation in modern physics. General relativity generalizes special relativity and refines Newton's law of universal gravitation, providing a unified description of gravity as a geometric property of space and time, or spacetime. In particular, the "" is directly related to the energy and momentum of whatever matter and radiation are present. The relation is specified by the Einstein field equations, a system of partial differential equations. Title: Gertrude Buck Passage: Gertrude Buck (July 14, 1871 - Kalamazoo, Michigan, 1922) was one of a group of powerful female rhetoricians of her time. She strived to inspire young women to take on leadership roles within the democracy using the written word. She wrote many books, plays, articles, and poems relating to her cause. Her parents were Judge M. Buck and Annie Buck. She lived out most of her life after college in Poughkeepsie, New York with close friend and colleague, Laura Wylie. The two were rumored to be lovers. She never married or had any children. Buck dedicated her life to "challenging the patriarchal paradigm with her reformist views of pedagogy and rhetoric". Title: History of gravitational theory Passage: In 1687, English mathematician Sir Isaac Newton published Principia, which hypothesizes the inverse - square law of universal gravitation. In his own words, ``I deduced that the forces which keep the planets in their orbs must be reciprocally as the squares of their distances from the centers about which they revolve; and thereby compared the force requisite to keep the Moon in her orb with the force of gravity at the surface of the Earth; and found them answer pretty nearly. '' Title: We Real Cool Passage: The poem also covers the topic of mortality. In the last line it states that the seven pool players and narrator will ``Die Soon '', although the seven young pool players are prideful in their rebellion, they will eventually face mortality. This could also be an indicator into the time period with which the poem was written during the 1960s. Racial tensions were at a height during the decade with civil rights leaders pushing for de-segregation in the South. The mortality that Brooks addresses could be an indicator of the times that it was written in along with the fast life that the boys live in their enjoyment of skipping school, singing sin and drinking gin. Title: Death Note Passage: Death Note (Japanese: デスノート, Hepburn: Desu Nōto) is a Japanese manga series written by Tsugumi Ohba and illustrated by Takeshi Obata. The story follows Light Yagami, a teen genius who stumbles across a mysterious otherworldly notebook: the "Death Note", which belonged to the demonic Shinigami Ryuk, and grants the user the supernatural ability to kill anyone whose name is written in its pages. The series centers around Light's subsequent attempts to use the Death Note to carry out a world-wide massacre of those whom he deems morally unworthy of life to change the world into a utopian society without crime using the alias of a god-like vigilante named "Kira" ("キラ", the Japanese transliteration of the English word: killer) and the subsequent efforts of an elite task-force of law enforcement officers, consisting of members of the Japanese police force led by L, an enigmatic international detective whose past is shrouded in mystery, to apprehend him and end his reign of terror. Title: Age of Enlightenment Passage: The influence of science also began appearing more commonly in poetry and literature during the Enlightenment. Some poetry became infused with scientific metaphor and imagery, while other poems were written directly about scientific topics. Sir Richard Blackmore committed the Newtonian system to verse in Creation, a Philosophical Poem in Seven Books (1712). After Newton's death in 1727, poems were composed in his honour for decades. James Thomson (1700–1748) penned his "Poem to the Memory of Newton," which mourned the loss of Newton, but also praised his science and legacy. Title: Planet of the Apes Passage: Planet of the Apes Created by Pierre Boulle Original work La Planète des singes (1963) Print publications Novel (s) La Planète des singes (1963) Comics List of comics Films and television Film (s) Original series Planet of the Apes (1968) Beneath the Planet of the Apes (1970) Escape from the Planet of the Apes (1971) Conquest of the Planet of the Apes (1972) Battle for the Planet of the Apes (1973) Remake Planet of the Apes (2001) Reboot series Rise of the Planet of the Apes (2011) Dawn of the Planet of the Apes (2014) War for the Planet of the Apes (2017) Television series Planet of the Apes (1974) Return to the Planet of the Apes (1975 -- 1976) Games Video game (s) Planet of the Apes (2001) Revenge of the Apes (2003) Planet of the Apes: Last Frontier (2017) Title: Force Passage: It was only the orbit of the planet Mercury that Newton's Law of Gravitation seemed not to fully explain. Some astrophysicists predicted the existence of another planet (Vulcan) that would explain the discrepancies; however, despite some early indications, no such planet could be found. When Albert Einstein formulated his theory of general relativity (GR) he turned his attention to the problem of Mercury's orbit and found that his theory added a correction, which could account for the discrepancy. This was the first time that Newton's Theory of Gravity had been shown to be less correct than an alternative.	[ "Age of Enlightenment", "Force" ]
2hop__285562_421645	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Watertown is a studio album by American singer Frank Sinatra. It was released in March 1970 through Reprise Records. \"Watertown\" is a concept album centered on a man from Watertown, New York. In a series of soliloquies, the nameless narrator tells his heartbreaking story of personal loss: his wife has left him and their two boys for the lure of the big city. \"Watertown\" was produced and co-written by Bob Gaudio, one of four members of the rock band the Four Seasons. The songs were co-written by Jake Holmes. It is the only album Sinatra ever voiced over pre-recorded orchestral tracks. The album was released to mixed critical reviews and poor sales, Sinatra's only major album release not to crack the Billboard Top 100; the packaging was uncharacteristic of typical Sinatra album designs.", "title": "Watertown (album)" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Night We Called It a Day, also known as All the Way, is a 2003 Australian-American comedy drama film directed by Paul Goldman and starring Dennis Hopper as Frank Sinatra and Melanie Griffith as Barbara Marx. It also features Portia de Rossi, Joel Edgerton, Rose Byrne and David Hemmings. The movie is based on the true events surrounding Sinatra's 1974 tour in Australia. When the singer calls a local reporter (de Rossi) a \"two-bit hooker\", every union in the country black-bans the star until he issues an apology.", "title": "The Night We Called It a Day (film)" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Thiri Thihathura Shwetaungtet ( ; also Anawrahta I of Sagaing; 1313–1339) was king of Sagaing from 1335/36 to 1339. He came to power by deposing his father Tarabya. He was assassinated three years later by the loyalists of his father.", "title": "Shwetaungtet" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Manilow Sings Sinatra is an album by singer-songwriter Barry Manilow, released in 1998. The album was a compilation of himself singing songs originally made notable by Frank Sinatra, who had recently died at the time. The album also featured two new compositions, intended as tributes to Sinatra.", "title": "Manilow Sings Sinatra" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Casino Miami (formerly known as Miami Jai-Alai Fronton) is a 6,500-capacity indoor arena and casino located at 3500 NW 37th Avenue in Miami, Florida. It is primarily used for gambling, jai alai and concerts. Notable past performers include The Allman Brothers Band, Black Sabbath, Bruce Springsteen, Frank Sinatra and Grateful Dead.", "title": "Casino Miami" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``You Only Live Twice '', performed by Nancy Sinatra, is the theme song to the 1967 James Bond film of the same name. Music was composed and produced by veteran James Bond composer John Barry, with lyrics by Leslie Bricusse. The song is widely recognized for its striking opening bars, featuring a simple 2 - bar theme in the high octaves of the violins and lush harmonies from French horns. It is considered by some to be among the best James Bond theme songs, and has become one of Nancy Sinatra's best known hits. Shortly after Barry's production, Sinatra's producer Lee Hazlewood released a more guitar - based single version.", "title": "You Only Live Twice (song)" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "It Happened in Brooklyn is a 1947 Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer musical romantic comedy film directed by Richard Whorf and starring Frank Sinatra, Kathryn Grayson, Peter Lawford, and Jimmy Durante and featuring Gloria Grahame and Marcy McGuire. \"It Happened in Brooklyn\" was Sinatra's third film for Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, who had purchased his contract from RKO because Louis B. Mayer was a huge Sinatra fan.", "title": "It Happened in Brooklyn" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Freydís Eiríksdóttir was said to be born around 970 to Erik the Red (as in her patronym) who was associated with the Norse exploration of North America and the finding of Vinland with his son Leif Erikson. The only medieval and primary sources we have of Freydís are the two Vinland sagas; the \"Greenland saga\" and the \"Saga of Erik the Red\". The two sagas offer differing accounts, though in both Freydís appears as a masculine, strong-willed woman who would defy the odds of her society.", "title": "Freydís Eiríksdóttir" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"The Crossing of the Red Land - the saga of Jewish refugees in Brazil\" (orig. title in Portuguese: \"A Travessia da Terra Vermelha – uma saga dos refugiados judeus no Brasil\"), is a 2007 novel by Brazilian author Lucius de Mello.", "title": "The Crossing of the Red Land" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Duets is an album by American singer Frank Sinatra, released in 1993. Recorded near the end of Sinatra's career, it consists of electronically assembled duets between Sinatra and younger singers from various genres. The album was a commercial success, debuting at No. 2 on the \"Billboard\" albums chart, reaching No. 5 in the UK, and selling over 3 million copies in the US. It is the only Sinatra album to date to achieve triple platinum certification.", "title": "Duets (Frank Sinatra album)" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Sinatra Saga is a live album by Frank Sinatra, containing 2 discs of him performing live on stage from the 1950s to the 1980s.", "title": "Sinatra Saga" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Season Episodes Japanese airdates English airdates Saiyan Saga 39 (1 -- 39) April 26, 1989 -- March 7, 1990 September 14, 1996 -- September 20, 1997 (edited) June 14, 2005 -- August 18, 2005 (uncut) Namek and Captain Ginyu Sagas 35 (40 -- 74) March 14, 1990 -- January 16, 1991 September 20, 1997 -- April 4, 1998 (edited) September 13, 1999 -- September 20, 1999 (uncut ep. 68 -- 74) August 22, 2005 -- October 10, 2005 (uncut ep. 40 -- 67) Frieza Saga 33 (75 -- 107) January 23, 1991 -- September 11, 1991 September 21, 1999 -- November 3, 1999 Garlic Jr., Trunks and Androids Sagas 32 (108 -- 139) September 18, 1991 -- May 13, 1992 April 8, 2000 -- October 3, 2000 5 Imperfect Cell and Perfect Cell Sagas 26 (140 -- 165) May 20 -- November 18, 1992 October 4, 2000 -- November 8, 2000 6 Cell Games Saga 29 (166 -- 194) November 25, 1992 -- July 21, 1993 November 9, 2000 -- December 29, 2000 7 Great Saiyaman and World Tournament Sagas 25 (195 -- 219) July 28, 1993 -- March 2, 1994 September 10, 2001 -- October 12, 2001 8 Babidi and Majin Buu Sagas 34 (220 -- 253) March 9, 1994 -- January 25, 1995 October 15, 2001 -- October 10, 2002 9 Fusion and Kid Buu Sagas 38 (254 -- 291) February 1, 1995 -- January 31, 1996 October 14, 2002 -- April 7, 2003", "title": "List of Dragon Ball Z episodes" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Sinatra Sings the Songs of Van Heusen & Cahn is a 1991 compilation album by Frank Sinatra. It comprises his renditions of Jimmy Van Heusen and Sammy Cahn.", "title": "Sinatra Sings the Songs of Van Heusen & Cahn" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Songs of Sinatra is a 2005 studio album by Steve Tyrell that has him singing his renditions of Frank Sinatra.", "title": "Songs of Sinatra" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Francis Albert Sinatra (/ sɪˈnɑːtrə /; Italian: (siˈnaːtra); December 12, 1915 -- May 14, 1998) was an American singer, actor, and producer who was one of the most popular and influential musical artists of the 20th century. He is one of the best - selling music artists of all time, having sold more than 150 million records worldwide. Born in Hoboken, New Jersey, to Italian immigrants, Sinatra began his musical career in the swing era with bandleaders Harry James and Tommy Dorsey. Sinatra found success as a solo artist after he signed with Columbia Records in 1943, becoming the idol of the ``bobby soxers ''. He released his debut album, The Voice of Frank Sinatra, in 1946. Sinatra's professional career had stalled by the early 1950s, and he turned to Las Vegas, where he became one of its best known performers as part of the Rat Pack. His career was reborn in 1953 with the success of From Here to Eternity, with his performance subsequently winning an Academy Award and Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actor. Sinatra released several critically lauded albums, including In the Wee Small Hours (1955), Songs for Swingin 'Lovers! (1956), Come Fly with Me (1958), Only the Lonely (1958) and Nice' n 'Easy (1960).", "title": "Frank Sinatra" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``It Was a Very Good Year ''is a song Ervin Drake composed in 1961 for and originally recorded by Bob Shane with the Kingston Trio. It was subsequently made famous by Frank Sinatra's version in D minor, which won the Grammy Award for Best Vocal Performance, Male in 1966. Gordon Jenkins was awarded Grammy Award for Best Instrumental Arrangement Accompanying Vocalist (s) for the Sinatra version. This single peaked at # 28 on the U.S. pop chart and became Sinatra's first # 1 single on the Easy Listening charts. That version can be found on Sinatra's 1965 album September of My Years, and was featured in The Sopranos season two opener,`` Guy Walks into a Psychiatrist's Office...''. A live, stripped - down performance is included on his Sinatra at the Sands album.", "title": "It Was a Very Good Year" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Midnight Over Sanctaphrax is a children's fantasy novel by Paul Stewart and Chris Riddell, first published in 2000. It is the third volume of \"The Edge Chronicles\" and of the \"Twig Saga\" trilogy; within the stories' own chronology it is the sixth novel, due to the \"Quint Saga\" trilogy that was published later.", "title": "Midnight Over Sanctaphrax" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "'Hunters of the Dusk' is the seventh novel in \"The Saga of Darren Shan\" by Darren Shan (his real name is Darren O'Shaughnessy). It is part of the \"Vampire War\" trilogy, which comprises the seventh to ninth novels of the twelve-book saga.", "title": "Hunters of the Dusk" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``One for My Baby (and One More for the Road) ''is a hit song written by Harold Arlen and Johnny Mercer for the movie musical The Sky's the Limit (1943) and first performed in the film by Fred Astaire. It was popularized by Frank Sinatra.", "title": "One for My Baby (and One More for the Road)" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``Smoke Gets in Your Eyes ''is a show tune written by American composer Jerome Kern and lyricist Otto Harbach for their 1933 musical Roberta. The song was sung in the original Broadway show by Tamara Drasin. Its first recorded performance was by Gertrude Niesen, who recorded the song with orchestral direction from Ray Sinatra, Frank Sinatra's second cousin, on October 13, 1933. Niesen's recording of the song was released by Victor, catalog # VE B 24454, with the B - side,`` Jealousy'', featuring Isham Jones and his Orchestra.", "title": "Smoke Gets in Your Eyes" } ]	Whose husband released the Sinatra Saga?	Barbara Marx	[]	Title: Freydís Eiríksdóttir Passage: Freydís Eiríksdóttir was said to be born around 970 to Erik the Red (as in her patronym) who was associated with the Norse exploration of North America and the finding of Vinland with his son Leif Erikson. The only medieval and primary sources we have of Freydís are the two Vinland sagas; the "Greenland saga" and the "Saga of Erik the Red". The two sagas offer differing accounts, though in both Freydís appears as a masculine, strong-willed woman who would defy the odds of her society. Title: List of Dragon Ball Z episodes Passage: Season Episodes Japanese airdates English airdates Saiyan Saga 39 (1 -- 39) April 26, 1989 -- March 7, 1990 September 14, 1996 -- September 20, 1997 (edited) June 14, 2005 -- August 18, 2005 (uncut) Namek and Captain Ginyu Sagas 35 (40 -- 74) March 14, 1990 -- January 16, 1991 September 20, 1997 -- April 4, 1998 (edited) September 13, 1999 -- September 20, 1999 (uncut ep. 68 -- 74) August 22, 2005 -- October 10, 2005 (uncut ep. 40 -- 67) Frieza Saga 33 (75 -- 107) January 23, 1991 -- September 11, 1991 September 21, 1999 -- November 3, 1999 Garlic Jr., Trunks and Androids Sagas 32 (108 -- 139) September 18, 1991 -- May 13, 1992 April 8, 2000 -- October 3, 2000 5 Imperfect Cell and Perfect Cell Sagas 26 (140 -- 165) May 20 -- November 18, 1992 October 4, 2000 -- November 8, 2000 6 Cell Games Saga 29 (166 -- 194) November 25, 1992 -- July 21, 1993 November 9, 2000 -- December 29, 2000 7 Great Saiyaman and World Tournament Sagas 25 (195 -- 219) July 28, 1993 -- March 2, 1994 September 10, 2001 -- October 12, 2001 8 Babidi and Majin Buu Sagas 34 (220 -- 253) March 9, 1994 -- January 25, 1995 October 15, 2001 -- October 10, 2002 9 Fusion and Kid Buu Sagas 38 (254 -- 291) February 1, 1995 -- January 31, 1996 October 14, 2002 -- April 7, 2003 Title: Shwetaungtet Passage: Thiri Thihathura Shwetaungtet ( ; also Anawrahta I of Sagaing; 1313–1339) was king of Sagaing from 1335/36 to 1339. He came to power by deposing his father Tarabya. He was assassinated three years later by the loyalists of his father. Title: Duets (Frank Sinatra album) Passage: Duets is an album by American singer Frank Sinatra, released in 1993. Recorded near the end of Sinatra's career, it consists of electronically assembled duets between Sinatra and younger singers from various genres. The album was a commercial success, debuting at No. 2 on the "Billboard" albums chart, reaching No. 5 in the UK, and selling over 3 million copies in the US. It is the only Sinatra album to date to achieve triple platinum certification. Title: Songs of Sinatra Passage: Songs of Sinatra is a 2005 studio album by Steve Tyrell that has him singing his renditions of Frank Sinatra. Title: It Happened in Brooklyn Passage: It Happened in Brooklyn is a 1947 Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer musical romantic comedy film directed by Richard Whorf and starring Frank Sinatra, Kathryn Grayson, Peter Lawford, and Jimmy Durante and featuring Gloria Grahame and Marcy McGuire. "It Happened in Brooklyn" was Sinatra's third film for Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, who had purchased his contract from RKO because Louis B. Mayer was a huge Sinatra fan. Title: Smoke Gets in Your Eyes Passage: ``Smoke Gets in Your Eyes ''is a show tune written by American composer Jerome Kern and lyricist Otto Harbach for their 1933 musical Roberta. The song was sung in the original Broadway show by Tamara Drasin. Its first recorded performance was by Gertrude Niesen, who recorded the song with orchestral direction from Ray Sinatra, Frank Sinatra's second cousin, on October 13, 1933. Niesen's recording of the song was released by Victor, catalog # VE B 24454, with the B - side,`` Jealousy'', featuring Isham Jones and his Orchestra. Title: Watertown (album) Passage: Watertown is a studio album by American singer Frank Sinatra. It was released in March 1970 through Reprise Records. "Watertown" is a concept album centered on a man from Watertown, New York. In a series of soliloquies, the nameless narrator tells his heartbreaking story of personal loss: his wife has left him and their two boys for the lure of the big city. "Watertown" was produced and co-written by Bob Gaudio, one of four members of the rock band the Four Seasons. The songs were co-written by Jake Holmes. It is the only album Sinatra ever voiced over pre-recorded orchestral tracks. The album was released to mixed critical reviews and poor sales, Sinatra's only major album release not to crack the Billboard Top 100; the packaging was uncharacteristic of typical Sinatra album designs. Title: Midnight Over Sanctaphrax Passage: Midnight Over Sanctaphrax is a children's fantasy novel by Paul Stewart and Chris Riddell, first published in 2000. It is the third volume of "The Edge Chronicles" and of the "Twig Saga" trilogy; within the stories' own chronology it is the sixth novel, due to the "Quint Saga" trilogy that was published later. Title: You Only Live Twice (song) Passage: ``You Only Live Twice '', performed by Nancy Sinatra, is the theme song to the 1967 James Bond film of the same name. Music was composed and produced by veteran James Bond composer John Barry, with lyrics by Leslie Bricusse. The song is widely recognized for its striking opening bars, featuring a simple 2 - bar theme in the high octaves of the violins and lush harmonies from French horns. It is considered by some to be among the best James Bond theme songs, and has become one of Nancy Sinatra's best known hits. Shortly after Barry's production, Sinatra's producer Lee Hazlewood released a more guitar - based single version. Title: Sinatra Sings the Songs of Van Heusen & Cahn Passage: Sinatra Sings the Songs of Van Heusen & Cahn is a 1991 compilation album by Frank Sinatra. It comprises his renditions of Jimmy Van Heusen and Sammy Cahn. Title: Sinatra Saga Passage: Sinatra Saga is a live album by Frank Sinatra, containing 2 discs of him performing live on stage from the 1950s to the 1980s. Title: Hunters of the Dusk Passage: 'Hunters of the Dusk' is the seventh novel in "The Saga of Darren Shan" by Darren Shan (his real name is Darren O'Shaughnessy). It is part of the "Vampire War" trilogy, which comprises the seventh to ninth novels of the twelve-book saga. Title: Casino Miami Passage: Casino Miami (formerly known as Miami Jai-Alai Fronton) is a 6,500-capacity indoor arena and casino located at 3500 NW 37th Avenue in Miami, Florida. It is primarily used for gambling, jai alai and concerts. Notable past performers include The Allman Brothers Band, Black Sabbath, Bruce Springsteen, Frank Sinatra and Grateful Dead. Title: It Was a Very Good Year Passage: ``It Was a Very Good Year ''is a song Ervin Drake composed in 1961 for and originally recorded by Bob Shane with the Kingston Trio. It was subsequently made famous by Frank Sinatra's version in D minor, which won the Grammy Award for Best Vocal Performance, Male in 1966. Gordon Jenkins was awarded Grammy Award for Best Instrumental Arrangement Accompanying Vocalist (s) for the Sinatra version. This single peaked at # 28 on the U.S. pop chart and became Sinatra's first # 1 single on the Easy Listening charts. That version can be found on Sinatra's 1965 album September of My Years, and was featured in The Sopranos season two opener,`` Guy Walks into a Psychiatrist's Office...''. A live, stripped - down performance is included on his Sinatra at the Sands album. Title: The Night We Called It a Day (film) Passage: The Night We Called It a Day, also known as All the Way, is a 2003 Australian-American comedy drama film directed by Paul Goldman and starring Dennis Hopper as Frank Sinatra and Melanie Griffith as Barbara Marx. It also features Portia de Rossi, Joel Edgerton, Rose Byrne and David Hemmings. The movie is based on the true events surrounding Sinatra's 1974 tour in Australia. When the singer calls a local reporter (de Rossi) a "two-bit hooker", every union in the country black-bans the star until he issues an apology. Title: Manilow Sings Sinatra Passage: Manilow Sings Sinatra is an album by singer-songwriter Barry Manilow, released in 1998. The album was a compilation of himself singing songs originally made notable by Frank Sinatra, who had recently died at the time. The album also featured two new compositions, intended as tributes to Sinatra. Title: Frank Sinatra Passage: Francis Albert Sinatra (/ sɪˈnɑːtrə /; Italian: (siˈnaːtra); December 12, 1915 -- May 14, 1998) was an American singer, actor, and producer who was one of the most popular and influential musical artists of the 20th century. He is one of the best - selling music artists of all time, having sold more than 150 million records worldwide. Born in Hoboken, New Jersey, to Italian immigrants, Sinatra began his musical career in the swing era with bandleaders Harry James and Tommy Dorsey. Sinatra found success as a solo artist after he signed with Columbia Records in 1943, becoming the idol of the ``bobby soxers ''. He released his debut album, The Voice of Frank Sinatra, in 1946. Sinatra's professional career had stalled by the early 1950s, and he turned to Las Vegas, where he became one of its best known performers as part of the Rat Pack. His career was reborn in 1953 with the success of From Here to Eternity, with his performance subsequently winning an Academy Award and Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actor. Sinatra released several critically lauded albums, including In the Wee Small Hours (1955), Songs for Swingin 'Lovers! (1956), Come Fly with Me (1958), Only the Lonely (1958) and Nice' n 'Easy (1960). Title: One for My Baby (and One More for the Road) Passage: ``One for My Baby (and One More for the Road) ''is a hit song written by Harold Arlen and Johnny Mercer for the movie musical The Sky's the Limit (1943) and first performed in the film by Fred Astaire. It was popularized by Frank Sinatra. Title: The Crossing of the Red Land Passage: "The Crossing of the Red Land - the saga of Jewish refugees in Brazil" (orig. title in Portuguese: "A Travessia da Terra Vermelha – uma saga dos refugiados judeus no Brasil"), is a 2007 novel by Brazilian author Lucius de Mello.	[ "The Night We Called It a Day (film)", "Sinatra Saga" ]
3hop1__174312_604325_1940	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Collective for Living Cinema was an outpost of avant-garde cinema located on White Street in Lower Manhattan in the United States of America. It regularly presented work by filmmakers such as Ken Jacobs, Johan van der Keuken, Yvonne Rainer, Christine Vachon, Dziga Vertov and many others who created films that were outside of the commercial mainstream in the United States. It also published a number of scholarly journals on film. Many of the founders studied film at Binghamton University together, where they developed a particular interest in the avant-garde.", "title": "Collective for Living Cinema" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In 1960, non-Hispanic whites represented 80% of Miami-Dade county's population. In 1970, the Census Bureau reported Miami's population as 45.3% Hispanic, 32.9% non-Hispanic White, and 22.7% Black. Miami's explosive population growth has been driven by internal migration from other parts of the country, primarily up until the 1980s, as well as by immigration, primarily from the 1960s to the 1990s. Today, immigration to Miami has slowed significantly and Miami's growth today is attributed greatly to its fast urbanization and high-rise construction, which has increased its inner city neighborhood population densities, such as in Downtown, Brickell, and Edgewater, where one area in Downtown alone saw a 2,069% increase in population in the 2010 Census. Miami is regarded as more of a multicultural mosaic, than it is a melting pot, with residents still maintaining much of, or some of their cultural traits. The overall culture of Miami is heavily influenced by its large population of Hispanics and blacks mainly from the Caribbean islands.", "title": "Miami" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "According to the 2009 American Community Survey, White Americans of both Hispanic and non-Hispanic origin represented over one-fifth (22.9%) of the Bronx's population. However, non-Hispanic whites formed under one-eighth (12.1%) of the population, down from 34.4% in 1980. Out of all five boroughs, the Bronx has the lowest number and percentage of white residents. 320,640 whites called the Bronx home, of which 168,570 were non-Hispanic whites. The majority of the non-Hispanic European American population is of Italian and Irish descent. People of Italian descent numbered over 55,000 individuals and made up 3.9% of the population. People of Irish descent numbered over 43,500 individuals and made up 3.1% of the population. German Americans and Polish Americans made up 1.4% and 0.8% of the population respectively.", "title": "The Bronx" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Paul Moritz Cohn FRS (8 January 1924 – 20 April 2006) was Astor Professor of Mathematics at University College London, 1986-9, and author of many textbooks on algebra. His work was mostly in the area of algebra, especially non-commutative rings.", "title": "Paul Cohn" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Houston is considered to be a politically divided city whose balance of power often sways between Republicans and Democrats. Much of the city's wealthier areas vote Republican while the city's working class and minority areas vote Democratic. According to the 2005 Houston Area Survey, 68 percent of non-Hispanic whites in Harris County are declared or favor Republicans while 89 percent of non-Hispanic blacks in the area are declared or favor Democrats. About 62 percent Hispanics (of any race) in the area are declared or favor Democrats. The city has often been known to be the most politically diverse city in Texas, a state known for being generally conservative. As a result, the city is often a contested area in statewide elections. In 2009, Houston became the first US city with a population over 1 million citizens to elect a gay mayor, by electing Annise Parker.", "title": "Houston" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Seeing Voices: A Journey Into the World of the Deaf is a 1989 book by neurologist Oliver Sacks. The book covers a variety of topics in Deaf studies, including sign language, the neurology of deafness, the history of the treatment of Deaf Americans, and linguistic and social challenges facing the Deaf community. It also contains an eyewitness account of the March 1988 Deaf President Now student protest at Gallaudet University, the only liberal arts college for deaf and hard of hearing in the world. \"Seeing Voices\" was Sacks' fifth book.", "title": "Seeing Voices" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "New York City has the largest European and non-Hispanic white population of any American city. At 2.7 million in 2012, New York's non-Hispanic white population is larger than the non-Hispanic white populations of Los Angeles (1.1 million), Chicago (865,000), and Houston (550,000) combined. The European diaspora residing in the city is very diverse. According to 2012 Census estimates, there were roughly 560,000 Italian Americans, 385,000 Irish Americans, 253,000 German Americans, 223,000 Russian Americans, 201,000 Polish Americans, and 137,000 English Americans. Additionally, Greek and French Americans numbered 65,000 each, with those of Hungarian descent estimated at 60,000 people. Ukrainian and Scottish Americans numbered 55,000 and 35,000, respectively. People identifying ancestry from Spain numbered 30,838 total in 2010. People of Norwegian and Swedish descent both stood at about 20,000 each, while people of Czech, Lithuanian, Portuguese, Scotch-Irish, and Welsh descent all numbered between 12,000–14,000 people. Arab Americans number over 160,000 in New York City, with the highest concentration in Brooklyn. Central Asians, primarily Uzbek Americans, are a rapidly growing segment of the city's non-Hispanic white population, enumerating over 30,000, and including over half of all Central Asian immigrants to the United States, most settling in Queens or Brooklyn. Albanian Americans are most highly concentrated in the Bronx.", "title": "New York City" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The federal government of the United States has mandated that \"in data collection and presentation, federal agencies are required to use a minimum of two ethnicities: 'Hispanic or Latino' and 'Not Hispanic or Latino'.\" The Census Bureau defines \"Hispanic or Latino\" as \"a person of Cuban, Mexican, Puerto Rican, South or Central American or other Spanish culture or origin regardless of race.\" For discussion of the meaning and scope of the Hispanic or Latino ethnicity, see the Hispanic and Latino Americans and Racial and ethnic demographics of the United States articles.", "title": "Race and ethnicity in the United States Census" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The 2010 United States Census reported that Fresno had a population of 494,665. The population density was 4,404.5 people per square mile (1,700.6/km²). The racial makeup of Fresno was 245,306 (49.6%) White, 40,960 (8.3%) African American, 8,525 (1.7%) Native American, 62,528 (12.6%) Asian (3.6% Hmong, 1.7% Indian, 1.2% Filipino, 1.2% Laotian, 1.0% Thai, 0.8% Cambodian, 0.7% Chinese, 0.5% Japanese, 0.4% Vietnamese, 0.2% Korean), 849 (0.2%) Pacific Islander, 111,984 (22.6%) from other races, and 24,513 (5.0%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 232,055 persons (46.9%). Among the Hispanic population, 42.7% of the total population are Mexican, 0.4% Salvadoran, and 0.4% Puerto Rican. Non-Hispanic Whites were 30.0% of the population in 2010, down from 72.6% in 1970.", "title": "Fresno, California" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "King Louie was voiced by Louis Prima in the original 1967 film. Initially, the filmmakers considered Louis Armstrong for the role, but to avoid the likely controversy that would result from casting a black person to voice an ape, they instead chose Prima, a white singer. Christopher Walken voiced King Louie in the 2016 live - action / CGI The Jungle Book film.", "title": "King Louie" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "As of July 2016, White Americans are the racial majority. African Americans are the largest racial minority, amounting to an estimated 12.7% of the population. Hispanic and Latino Americans amount to an estimated 17.8% of the total U.S. population, making up the largest ethnic minority. The White, non-Hispanic or Latino population make up 61.3% of the nation's total, with the total White population (including White Hispanics and Latinos) being 76.9%.", "title": "Race and ethnicity in the United States" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Harris was the only white person executed for crimes committed in resistance to apartheid. All those executed for such crimes were honoured by South Africa's president, Jacob Zuma, on the occasion of the launch of the Gallows Museum at the C Max Pretoria Central Correctional Centre on 15 December 2011: \"The 134 men were terrorists or trouble makers to the authorities then. But to their people and families, they were freedom fighters who wanted to see a free, democratic and non-sexist South Africa.\"", "title": "Frederick John Harris" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "As of the census of 2010, there were 520,116 people, 229,762 households, and 112,455 families residing in the city. The population density was 2,500.1 inhabitants per square mile (965.3/km²). There were 209,609 housing units at an average density of 1,076.7 per square mile (415.7/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 69.7% White (down from 94.8% in 1970), 5.0% Black or African-American, 2.7% Native American, 2.9% Asian, 0.2% Pacific Islander, 16.9% from other races, and 3.8% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 41.6% of the population. Non-Hispanic Whites were 47.2% of the population in 2010, down from 72.8% in 1970.", "title": "Tucson, Arizona" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "As of the 2000 United States Census there were 40,517 people, 15,848 households, and 8,700 families residing in the city. The population density was 3,569.8 people per square mile (1,378.3/km2). There were 20,219 housing units at an average density of 1,781.4 per square mile (687.8/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 44.16% black or African American, 26.68% White, 0.48% Native American, 10.40% Asian, 0.06% Pacific Islander, 13.76% other races, and 4.47% from two or more races. 24.95% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. 19.44% of the population was non-Hispanic whites.", "title": "Atlantic City, New Jersey" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Houston is considered to be a politically divided city whose balance of power often sways between Republicans and Democrats. Much of the city's wealthier areas vote Republican while the city's working class and minority areas vote Democratic. According to the 2005 Houston Area Survey, 68 percent of non-Hispanic whites in Harris County are declared or favor Republicans while 89 percent of non-Hispanic blacks in the area are declared or favor Democrats. About 62 percent of Hispanics (of any race) in the area are declared or favor Democrats. The city has often been known to be the most politically diverse city in Texas, a state known for being generally conservative. As a result, the city is often a contested area in statewide elections. In 2009, Houston became the first U.S. city with a population over 1 million citizens to elect a gay mayor, by electing Annise Parker.", "title": "Houston" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Many Latin American migrants have been mestizo, Amerindian, or other mixed race. Multiracial Latinos have limited media appearance; critics have accused the U.S. Hispanic media of overlooking the brown-skinned indigenous and multiracial Hispanic and black Hispanic populations by over-representation of blond and blue/green-eyed white Hispanic and Latino Americans (who resemble Scandinavians and other Northern Europeans rather than they look like white Hispanic and Latino Americans mostly of typical Southern European features), and also light-skinned mulatto and mestizo Hispanic and Latino Americans (often deemed as white persons in U.S. Hispanic and Latino populations if achieving the middle class or higher social status), especially some of the actors on the telenovelas.", "title": "Multiracial Americans" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "According to the 2010 Census, 89.4 percent of the population was White (87.8 percent Non-Hispanic White), 6.3 percent American Indian and Alaska Native, 2.9 percent Hispanics and Latinos of any race, 0.6 percent Asian, 0.4 percent Black or African American, 0.1 percent Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander, 0.6 percent from Some Other Race, and 2.5 percent from two or more races. The largest European ancestry groups in Montana as of 2010 are: German (27.0 percent), Irish (14.8 percent), English (12.6 percent), Norwegian (10.9 percent), French (4.7 percent) and Italian (3.4 percent).", "title": "Montana" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "As of the 2010 U.S. Census, there were 113,394 people, 45,634 households, and 21,704 families residing in the city. The population density was 4,270.33 people per square mile (2653.47/km²). There were 49,982 housing units at an average density of 1,748.0 per square mile (675.0/km²), making it less densely populated than inner-ring Detroit suburbs like Oak Park and Ferndale (and than Detroit proper), but more densely populated than outer-ring suburbs like Livonia or Troy. The racial makeup of the city was 73.0% White (70.4% non-Hispanic White), 7.7% Black or African American, 0.3% Native American, 14.4% Asian, 0.0% Pacific Islander, 1.0% from other races, and 3.6% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino residents of any race were 4.1% of the population.", "title": "Ann Arbor, Michigan" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Beginning in January 2017, Massachusetts and Washington will have the highest state minimum wages. There is a racial difference for support of a higher minimum wage with most black and Hispanic individuals supporting a $15.00 federal minimum wage, and 54% of whites opposing it. In 2015, about 3 percent of White, Asian, and Hispanic or Latino workers earned the federal minimum wage or less. Among Black workers, the percentage was about 4 percent.", "title": "Minimum wage in the United States" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Migraine is the first book written by Oliver Sacks, a well-known neurologist and author with a practice in New York City. The book was written in 1967, mostly over a nine-day period, and first published in 1970. A revised and updated version was published in 1990. (In the 1990 revised edition, the last chapter \"Migraine Aura and Hallucinatory Constants\" was written in collaboration with Ralph M. Siegel.)", "title": "Migraine (book)" } ]	In 2012, how many non-Hispanic whites lived in the work location of the author of Seeing Voices?	2.7 million	[]	Title: Tucson, Arizona Passage: As of the census of 2010, there were 520,116 people, 229,762 households, and 112,455 families residing in the city. The population density was 2,500.1 inhabitants per square mile (965.3/km²). There were 209,609 housing units at an average density of 1,076.7 per square mile (415.7/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 69.7% White (down from 94.8% in 1970), 5.0% Black or African-American, 2.7% Native American, 2.9% Asian, 0.2% Pacific Islander, 16.9% from other races, and 3.8% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 41.6% of the population. Non-Hispanic Whites were 47.2% of the population in 2010, down from 72.8% in 1970. Title: Fresno, California Passage: The 2010 United States Census reported that Fresno had a population of 494,665. The population density was 4,404.5 people per square mile (1,700.6/km²). The racial makeup of Fresno was 245,306 (49.6%) White, 40,960 (8.3%) African American, 8,525 (1.7%) Native American, 62,528 (12.6%) Asian (3.6% Hmong, 1.7% Indian, 1.2% Filipino, 1.2% Laotian, 1.0% Thai, 0.8% Cambodian, 0.7% Chinese, 0.5% Japanese, 0.4% Vietnamese, 0.2% Korean), 849 (0.2%) Pacific Islander, 111,984 (22.6%) from other races, and 24,513 (5.0%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 232,055 persons (46.9%). Among the Hispanic population, 42.7% of the total population are Mexican, 0.4% Salvadoran, and 0.4% Puerto Rican. Non-Hispanic Whites were 30.0% of the population in 2010, down from 72.6% in 1970. Title: Frederick John Harris Passage: Harris was the only white person executed for crimes committed in resistance to apartheid. All those executed for such crimes were honoured by South Africa's president, Jacob Zuma, on the occasion of the launch of the Gallows Museum at the C Max Pretoria Central Correctional Centre on 15 December 2011: "The 134 men were terrorists or trouble makers to the authorities then. But to their people and families, they were freedom fighters who wanted to see a free, democratic and non-sexist South Africa." Title: The Bronx Passage: According to the 2009 American Community Survey, White Americans of both Hispanic and non-Hispanic origin represented over one-fifth (22.9%) of the Bronx's population. However, non-Hispanic whites formed under one-eighth (12.1%) of the population, down from 34.4% in 1980. Out of all five boroughs, the Bronx has the lowest number and percentage of white residents. 320,640 whites called the Bronx home, of which 168,570 were non-Hispanic whites. The majority of the non-Hispanic European American population is of Italian and Irish descent. People of Italian descent numbered over 55,000 individuals and made up 3.9% of the population. People of Irish descent numbered over 43,500 individuals and made up 3.1% of the population. German Americans and Polish Americans made up 1.4% and 0.8% of the population respectively. Title: King Louie Passage: King Louie was voiced by Louis Prima in the original 1967 film. Initially, the filmmakers considered Louis Armstrong for the role, but to avoid the likely controversy that would result from casting a black person to voice an ape, they instead chose Prima, a white singer. Christopher Walken voiced King Louie in the 2016 live - action / CGI The Jungle Book film. Title: Houston Passage: Houston is considered to be a politically divided city whose balance of power often sways between Republicans and Democrats. Much of the city's wealthier areas vote Republican while the city's working class and minority areas vote Democratic. According to the 2005 Houston Area Survey, 68 percent of non-Hispanic whites in Harris County are declared or favor Republicans while 89 percent of non-Hispanic blacks in the area are declared or favor Democrats. About 62 percent Hispanics (of any race) in the area are declared or favor Democrats. The city has often been known to be the most politically diverse city in Texas, a state known for being generally conservative. As a result, the city is often a contested area in statewide elections. In 2009, Houston became the first US city with a population over 1 million citizens to elect a gay mayor, by electing Annise Parker. Title: Atlantic City, New Jersey Passage: As of the 2000 United States Census there were 40,517 people, 15,848 households, and 8,700 families residing in the city. The population density was 3,569.8 people per square mile (1,378.3/km2). There were 20,219 housing units at an average density of 1,781.4 per square mile (687.8/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 44.16% black or African American, 26.68% White, 0.48% Native American, 10.40% Asian, 0.06% Pacific Islander, 13.76% other races, and 4.47% from two or more races. 24.95% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. 19.44% of the population was non-Hispanic whites. Title: Houston Passage: Houston is considered to be a politically divided city whose balance of power often sways between Republicans and Democrats. Much of the city's wealthier areas vote Republican while the city's working class and minority areas vote Democratic. According to the 2005 Houston Area Survey, 68 percent of non-Hispanic whites in Harris County are declared or favor Republicans while 89 percent of non-Hispanic blacks in the area are declared or favor Democrats. About 62 percent of Hispanics (of any race) in the area are declared or favor Democrats. The city has often been known to be the most politically diverse city in Texas, a state known for being generally conservative. As a result, the city is often a contested area in statewide elections. In 2009, Houston became the first U.S. city with a population over 1 million citizens to elect a gay mayor, by electing Annise Parker. Title: New York City Passage: New York City has the largest European and non-Hispanic white population of any American city. At 2.7 million in 2012, New York's non-Hispanic white population is larger than the non-Hispanic white populations of Los Angeles (1.1 million), Chicago (865,000), and Houston (550,000) combined. The European diaspora residing in the city is very diverse. According to 2012 Census estimates, there were roughly 560,000 Italian Americans, 385,000 Irish Americans, 253,000 German Americans, 223,000 Russian Americans, 201,000 Polish Americans, and 137,000 English Americans. Additionally, Greek and French Americans numbered 65,000 each, with those of Hungarian descent estimated at 60,000 people. Ukrainian and Scottish Americans numbered 55,000 and 35,000, respectively. People identifying ancestry from Spain numbered 30,838 total in 2010. People of Norwegian and Swedish descent both stood at about 20,000 each, while people of Czech, Lithuanian, Portuguese, Scotch-Irish, and Welsh descent all numbered between 12,000–14,000 people. Arab Americans number over 160,000 in New York City, with the highest concentration in Brooklyn. Central Asians, primarily Uzbek Americans, are a rapidly growing segment of the city's non-Hispanic white population, enumerating over 30,000, and including over half of all Central Asian immigrants to the United States, most settling in Queens or Brooklyn. Albanian Americans are most highly concentrated in the Bronx. Title: Race and ethnicity in the United States Census Passage: The federal government of the United States has mandated that "in data collection and presentation, federal agencies are required to use a minimum of two ethnicities: 'Hispanic or Latino' and 'Not Hispanic or Latino'." The Census Bureau defines "Hispanic or Latino" as "a person of Cuban, Mexican, Puerto Rican, South or Central American or other Spanish culture or origin regardless of race." For discussion of the meaning and scope of the Hispanic or Latino ethnicity, see the Hispanic and Latino Americans and Racial and ethnic demographics of the United States articles. Title: Seeing Voices Passage: Seeing Voices: A Journey Into the World of the Deaf is a 1989 book by neurologist Oliver Sacks. The book covers a variety of topics in Deaf studies, including sign language, the neurology of deafness, the history of the treatment of Deaf Americans, and linguistic and social challenges facing the Deaf community. It also contains an eyewitness account of the March 1988 Deaf President Now student protest at Gallaudet University, the only liberal arts college for deaf and hard of hearing in the world. "Seeing Voices" was Sacks' fifth book. Title: Multiracial Americans Passage: Many Latin American migrants have been mestizo, Amerindian, or other mixed race. Multiracial Latinos have limited media appearance; critics have accused the U.S. Hispanic media of overlooking the brown-skinned indigenous and multiracial Hispanic and black Hispanic populations by over-representation of blond and blue/green-eyed white Hispanic and Latino Americans (who resemble Scandinavians and other Northern Europeans rather than they look like white Hispanic and Latino Americans mostly of typical Southern European features), and also light-skinned mulatto and mestizo Hispanic and Latino Americans (often deemed as white persons in U.S. Hispanic and Latino populations if achieving the middle class or higher social status), especially some of the actors on the telenovelas. Title: Collective for Living Cinema Passage: The Collective for Living Cinema was an outpost of avant-garde cinema located on White Street in Lower Manhattan in the United States of America. It regularly presented work by filmmakers such as Ken Jacobs, Johan van der Keuken, Yvonne Rainer, Christine Vachon, Dziga Vertov and many others who created films that were outside of the commercial mainstream in the United States. It also published a number of scholarly journals on film. Many of the founders studied film at Binghamton University together, where they developed a particular interest in the avant-garde. Title: Ann Arbor, Michigan Passage: As of the 2010 U.S. Census, there were 113,394 people, 45,634 households, and 21,704 families residing in the city. The population density was 4,270.33 people per square mile (2653.47/km²). There were 49,982 housing units at an average density of 1,748.0 per square mile (675.0/km²), making it less densely populated than inner-ring Detroit suburbs like Oak Park and Ferndale (and than Detroit proper), but more densely populated than outer-ring suburbs like Livonia or Troy. The racial makeup of the city was 73.0% White (70.4% non-Hispanic White), 7.7% Black or African American, 0.3% Native American, 14.4% Asian, 0.0% Pacific Islander, 1.0% from other races, and 3.6% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino residents of any race were 4.1% of the population. Title: Miami Passage: In 1960, non-Hispanic whites represented 80% of Miami-Dade county's population. In 1970, the Census Bureau reported Miami's population as 45.3% Hispanic, 32.9% non-Hispanic White, and 22.7% Black. Miami's explosive population growth has been driven by internal migration from other parts of the country, primarily up until the 1980s, as well as by immigration, primarily from the 1960s to the 1990s. Today, immigration to Miami has slowed significantly and Miami's growth today is attributed greatly to its fast urbanization and high-rise construction, which has increased its inner city neighborhood population densities, such as in Downtown, Brickell, and Edgewater, where one area in Downtown alone saw a 2,069% increase in population in the 2010 Census. Miami is regarded as more of a multicultural mosaic, than it is a melting pot, with residents still maintaining much of, or some of their cultural traits. The overall culture of Miami is heavily influenced by its large population of Hispanics and blacks mainly from the Caribbean islands. Title: Minimum wage in the United States Passage: Beginning in January 2017, Massachusetts and Washington will have the highest state minimum wages. There is a racial difference for support of a higher minimum wage with most black and Hispanic individuals supporting a $15.00 federal minimum wage, and 54% of whites opposing it. In 2015, about 3 percent of White, Asian, and Hispanic or Latino workers earned the federal minimum wage or less. Among Black workers, the percentage was about 4 percent. Title: Paul Cohn Passage: Paul Moritz Cohn FRS (8 January 1924 – 20 April 2006) was Astor Professor of Mathematics at University College London, 1986-9, and author of many textbooks on algebra. His work was mostly in the area of algebra, especially non-commutative rings. Title: Migraine (book) Passage: Migraine is the first book written by Oliver Sacks, a well-known neurologist and author with a practice in New York City. The book was written in 1967, mostly over a nine-day period, and first published in 1970. A revised and updated version was published in 1990. (In the 1990 revised edition, the last chapter "Migraine Aura and Hallucinatory Constants" was written in collaboration with Ralph M. Siegel.) Title: Montana Passage: According to the 2010 Census, 89.4 percent of the population was White (87.8 percent Non-Hispanic White), 6.3 percent American Indian and Alaska Native, 2.9 percent Hispanics and Latinos of any race, 0.6 percent Asian, 0.4 percent Black or African American, 0.1 percent Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander, 0.6 percent from Some Other Race, and 2.5 percent from two or more races. The largest European ancestry groups in Montana as of 2010 are: German (27.0 percent), Irish (14.8 percent), English (12.6 percent), Norwegian (10.9 percent), French (4.7 percent) and Italian (3.4 percent). Title: Race and ethnicity in the United States Passage: As of July 2016, White Americans are the racial majority. African Americans are the largest racial minority, amounting to an estimated 12.7% of the population. Hispanic and Latino Americans amount to an estimated 17.8% of the total U.S. population, making up the largest ethnic minority. The White, non-Hispanic or Latino population make up 61.3% of the nation's total, with the total White population (including White Hispanics and Latinos) being 76.9%.	[ "Seeing Voices", "New York City", "Migraine (book)" ]
2hop__74052_52448	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Before reaching Cyrus, the song had been rejected by several country artists. It was eventually picked up by Peter Chelsom, director of Hannah Montana: The Movie, who gave it to Cyrus to record for the film. Chelsom found what would become ``The Climb ''while visiting Nashville, Tennessee, during a quest to find eleven new songs for Hannah Montana: The Movie. After hearing Alexander's music, Chelsom asked her to submit songs for consideration. Alexander recorded`` It's the Climb'' on a CD and gave it to him. Several weeks later, Chelsom called to say that ``the song was gon na be an integral part of the movie ''. However, he wanted Mabe and Alexander to rework some of the song's content and to change the song from third person to first person. Alexander felt the changes amounted to a`` substantial amount of the song'' and commented, ``For me, when you change something from third person to first person, it can change the whole meaning of a line. ''She and Mabe`` wrestl (ed) over taking words out'' and how much they could change while maintaining the song's integrity. After a number of drafts, Mabe and Alexander finally created a version they felt was ``perfect for the movie ''.", "title": "The Climb (song)" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Achy Jakey Heart\" is a two-part episode of the television series \"Hannah Montana\". Both parts aired on June 24, 2007. The title \"Achy Jakey Heart\" is inspired by cast member Billy Ray Cyrus's song \"Achy Breaky Heart\".", "title": "Achy Jakey Heart" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The song was later re-recorded in 2009 as a duet with fellow Disney Channel actor Corbin Bleu for the Hannah Montana 3 soundtrack album.", "title": "If We Were a Movie" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The first season of the television series Hannah Montana was aired on Disney Channel from March 24, 2006 to March 30, 2007, and included 26 episodes. It introduces the five main characters of the series and Miley Stewart's situation of living a secret double life as a teen pop star. The season also introduces several significant recurring characters such as Roxy Roker, Jake Ryan, and Rico Suave.", "title": "Hannah Montana (season 1)" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Mitchel Tate Musso (born July 9, 1991) is an American actor, musician, and singer, best known for his three Disney Channel roles as Oliver Oken/Mike Standley III in \"Hannah Montana\"; Jeremy Johnson in the animated series \"Phineas and Ferb\"; and his Disney XD role as King Brady on \"Pair of Kings\". He was the host of Disney Channel's \"PrankStars\".", "title": "Mitchel Musso" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Hannah Montana Forever is the soundtrack album for the fourth and final season of the television series \"Hannah Montana\", released on October 15, 2010 by Walt Disney Records. All eleven tracks are performed by its primary actress Miley Cyrus, and are credited to her character Hannah Montana. Recording artists Billy Ray Cyrus, Iyaz, and Sheryl Crow appear as featured vocalists. The soundtrack is primarily a pop record, which sees additional influences from teen pop, pop rock, power pop, dance-pop, and country pop musical styles.", "title": "Hannah Montana Forever" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Favorite TV Show Favorite TV Actor iCarly Big Time Rush The Suite Life on Deck Wizards of Waverly Place Dylan Sprouse -- The Suite Life on Deck as Zack Martin Joe Jonas -- Jonas as Joseph ``Joe ''Lucas Nick Jonas -- Jonas as Nicholas`` Nick'' Lucas Cole Sprouse -- The Suite Life on Deck as Cody Martin Favorite TV Actress Favorite TV Sidekick Selena Gomez -- Wizards of Waverly Place as Alex Russo Miranda Cosgrove -- iCarly as Carly Shay Miley Cyrus -- Hannah Montana as Miley Stewart / Hannah Montana Victoria Justice -- Victorious as Tori Vega Jennette McCurdy -- iCarly as Sam Puckett David Henrie -- Wizards of Waverly Place as Justin Russo Noah Munck -- iCarly as Gibby Gibson Brenda Song -- The Suite Life on Deck as London Tipton Favorite Reality Show Favorite Cartoon American Idol America's Funniest Home Videos America's Got Talent Wipeout SpongeBob SquarePants The Penguins of Madagascar Phineas and Ferb Scooby - Doo! Mystery Incorporated", "title": "2011 Kids' Choice Awards" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Hannah Montana, also known as Hannah Montana Forever in its fourth and final season, is an American musical comedy television series created by Michael Poryes, Rich Correll, and Barry O'Brien. It focuses on Miley Stewart (portrayed by Miley Cyrus), who is a teenager living a double life as an average schoolgirl by day and as the famous recording artist Hannah Montana by night, which she keeps secret and only a few people know of her alter ego. The story follows the daily life of Stewart, her brother Jackson, her best friends Lily and Oliver, and her father Robby (Cyrus's real - life country singer father, Billy Ray Cyrus).", "title": "Hannah Montana" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Hannah Montana and Miley Cyrus: Best of Both Worlds Concert is a 2008 American concert film produced and released by Walt Disney Pictures presented in Disney Digital 3-D. Released in the United States and Canada originally for one week, February 1–7, 2008, with release in other countries later on. The film is directed by Brice Smith and produced by Art Repola.", "title": "Hannah Montana and Miley Cyrus: Best of Both Worlds Concert" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Deborah Ann Ryan (born May 13, 1993) is an American actress and singer. Ryan started acting in professional theatres at the age of seven; in 2007 she appeared in the Barney & Friends straight - to - DVD film Barney: Let's Go to the Firehouse and then was discovered in a nationwide search by Disney. She is also known for appearing in the 2008 feature film The Longshots as Edith. In 2009, she guest starred in an episode of Wizards of Waverly Place in ``Wizards on Deck with Hannah Montana ''as Bailey Pickett along with her other cast mates from The Suite Life on Deck. Then, in 2010, she starred in the film 16 Wishes, which was the most watched cable program on the day of its premiere on the Disney Channel. 16 Wishes introduced Ryan to new audiences; the movie received high viewership in the adults demographic (18 -- 34). Soon after that, Ryan starred in the independent theatrical film, What If..., which premiered on August 20, 2010.", "title": "Debby Ryan" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Hayley Chase is an American actress, known for her many dramatic and comedic guest starring roles on television as well as her recurring role as Joannie Palumbo on \"Hannah Montana\". She has starred in numerous television ads such as Yoplait and AT&T.", "title": "Hayley Chase" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Chrissy Metz as Kate Pearson: Jack & Rebecca's daughter, and Kevin & Randall's sister. Also played by Hannah Zeile (age 15) and Mackenzie Hancsicsak (ages 8 -- 10).", "title": "This Is Us" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``I'll Always Remember You ''is the ninth episode of the fourth season, and 94th overall episode, of the Disney Channel sitcom series Hannah Montana. It was written by Andrew Green and Maria Brown - Gallenberg. It originally aired on November 7, 2010. The episode title is a reference to the Hannah Montana song`` I'll Always Remember You''. The one - hour episode is notable for being the first time Miley Stewart admits her secret to the world that she is Hannah Montana.", "title": "I'll Always Remember You" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Boulder River is a tributary of the Yellowstone River, approximately 60 mi (96 km) long, in south central Montana in the United States. It is one of two rivers named the Boulder River in Montana.", "title": "Boulder River (Sweet Grass County, Montana)" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The University of Montana School of Journalism is located at the University of Montana in Missoula, Montana, and is one of the oldest accredited journalism programs in the United States.", "title": "University of Montana School of Journalism" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``I Want You to Want Me... to Go to Florida ''features the ballad`` Ready, Set, Do n't Go'' by Billy Ray Cyrus. It details his feelings concerning his daughter Miley's move to Los Angeles to star in Hannah Montana, while he stayed behind in Nashville. The episode also features the song ``If Cupid Had a Heart '', by Julie Griffin, and written by Gordon Pogoda. Mikayla (Selena Gomez), lip - syncs it in the episode. A soundtrack for the season featuring 10 songs sung by Miley Cyrus as Hannah Montana was released on June 26, 2007.", "title": "Hannah Montana (season 2)" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The theme song for Hannah Montana is \"The Best of Both Worlds\" written by Matthew Gerrard and Robbie Nevil, produced by Gerrard and performed by Miley Cyrus (as Hannah Montana). John Carta, who also composed the music cues to signify scene changes and commercial breaks for the first season, composed the music for the song. The song's lyrics describe the basic premise of the television series.", "title": "Hannah Montana" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Hannah Yelland (born 1976) is the stage name of Hannah Bahar (formerly Hannah Roberts), a British actress now living and working in the United States.", "title": "Hannah Yelland" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"I Wanna Know You\" is a duet by Hannah Montana and David Archuleta from the album \"Hannah Montana 3\". The song was first released on Radio Disney, May 2, 2009. The song was not released until its release with the album, \"Hannah Montana 3\" and it was not until post-release that the song garnered success in the United States.", "title": "I Wanna Know You" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Cyrus auditioned for the Disney Channel television series Hannah Montana when she was eleven years old. She auditioned for the role of the title character's best friend, but was called to audition for the lead role instead. Despite being denied the part at first because she was too ``young and small ''for the role, she was selected later as the lead because of her singing and acting abilities. The series premiered in March 2006 to the largest audience for a Disney Channel program, and quickly ranked among the highest - rated series on basic cable. The instant success of the series led to Cyrus being labeled a`` teen idol''. She toured with The Cheetah Girls as Hannah Montana in September 2006, performing songs from the show's first season. Walt Disney Records released a soundtrack credited to Cyrus' character in October of that year. The record was a commercial success, topping the Billboard 200 chart in the United States; it went on to sell over three million copies worldwide. With the release of the soundtrack, Cyrus became the first act within The Walt Disney Company to have deals in television, film, consumer products, and music. She had a two - year relationship with actor Tyler Posey. Cyrus has stated that she dated singer and actor Nick Jonas from June 2006 to December 2007, claiming they were ``in love ''and began dating soon after they first met. Her relationship with Jonas, as well as her`` spoofing'' fellow Disney alums Selena Gomez and Demi Lovato, attracted considerable media attention. Cyrus came out as pansexual to her mother when she was 14, and has said: ``I never want to label myself! I am ready to love anyone that loves me for who I am! I am open. ''", "title": "Miley Cyrus" } ]	At what age did the performer who is the real name of Hannah Montana, start on the show?	eleven years old	[]	Title: The Climb (song) Passage: Before reaching Cyrus, the song had been rejected by several country artists. It was eventually picked up by Peter Chelsom, director of Hannah Montana: The Movie, who gave it to Cyrus to record for the film. Chelsom found what would become ``The Climb ''while visiting Nashville, Tennessee, during a quest to find eleven new songs for Hannah Montana: The Movie. After hearing Alexander's music, Chelsom asked her to submit songs for consideration. Alexander recorded`` It's the Climb'' on a CD and gave it to him. Several weeks later, Chelsom called to say that ``the song was gon na be an integral part of the movie ''. However, he wanted Mabe and Alexander to rework some of the song's content and to change the song from third person to first person. Alexander felt the changes amounted to a`` substantial amount of the song'' and commented, ``For me, when you change something from third person to first person, it can change the whole meaning of a line. ''She and Mabe`` wrestl (ed) over taking words out'' and how much they could change while maintaining the song's integrity. After a number of drafts, Mabe and Alexander finally created a version they felt was ``perfect for the movie ''. Title: If We Were a Movie Passage: The song was later re-recorded in 2009 as a duet with fellow Disney Channel actor Corbin Bleu for the Hannah Montana 3 soundtrack album. Title: Debby Ryan Passage: Deborah Ann Ryan (born May 13, 1993) is an American actress and singer. Ryan started acting in professional theatres at the age of seven; in 2007 she appeared in the Barney & Friends straight - to - DVD film Barney: Let's Go to the Firehouse and then was discovered in a nationwide search by Disney. She is also known for appearing in the 2008 feature film The Longshots as Edith. In 2009, she guest starred in an episode of Wizards of Waverly Place in ``Wizards on Deck with Hannah Montana ''as Bailey Pickett along with her other cast mates from The Suite Life on Deck. Then, in 2010, she starred in the film 16 Wishes, which was the most watched cable program on the day of its premiere on the Disney Channel. 16 Wishes introduced Ryan to new audiences; the movie received high viewership in the adults demographic (18 -- 34). Soon after that, Ryan starred in the independent theatrical film, What If..., which premiered on August 20, 2010. Title: Hannah Yelland Passage: Hannah Yelland (born 1976) is the stage name of Hannah Bahar (formerly Hannah Roberts), a British actress now living and working in the United States. Title: Achy Jakey Heart Passage: "Achy Jakey Heart" is a two-part episode of the television series "Hannah Montana". Both parts aired on June 24, 2007. The title "Achy Jakey Heart" is inspired by cast member Billy Ray Cyrus's song "Achy Breaky Heart". Title: I Wanna Know You Passage: "I Wanna Know You" is a duet by Hannah Montana and David Archuleta from the album "Hannah Montana 3". The song was first released on Radio Disney, May 2, 2009. The song was not released until its release with the album, "Hannah Montana 3" and it was not until post-release that the song garnered success in the United States. Title: 2011 Kids' Choice Awards Passage: Favorite TV Show Favorite TV Actor iCarly Big Time Rush The Suite Life on Deck Wizards of Waverly Place Dylan Sprouse -- The Suite Life on Deck as Zack Martin Joe Jonas -- Jonas as Joseph ``Joe ''Lucas Nick Jonas -- Jonas as Nicholas`` Nick'' Lucas Cole Sprouse -- The Suite Life on Deck as Cody Martin Favorite TV Actress Favorite TV Sidekick Selena Gomez -- Wizards of Waverly Place as Alex Russo Miranda Cosgrove -- iCarly as Carly Shay Miley Cyrus -- Hannah Montana as Miley Stewart / Hannah Montana Victoria Justice -- Victorious as Tori Vega Jennette McCurdy -- iCarly as Sam Puckett David Henrie -- Wizards of Waverly Place as Justin Russo Noah Munck -- iCarly as Gibby Gibson Brenda Song -- The Suite Life on Deck as London Tipton Favorite Reality Show Favorite Cartoon American Idol America's Funniest Home Videos America's Got Talent Wipeout SpongeBob SquarePants The Penguins of Madagascar Phineas and Ferb Scooby - Doo! Mystery Incorporated Title: Mitchel Musso Passage: Mitchel Tate Musso (born July 9, 1991) is an American actor, musician, and singer, best known for his three Disney Channel roles as Oliver Oken/Mike Standley III in "Hannah Montana"; Jeremy Johnson in the animated series "Phineas and Ferb"; and his Disney XD role as King Brady on "Pair of Kings". He was the host of Disney Channel's "PrankStars". Title: I'll Always Remember You Passage: ``I'll Always Remember You ''is the ninth episode of the fourth season, and 94th overall episode, of the Disney Channel sitcom series Hannah Montana. It was written by Andrew Green and Maria Brown - Gallenberg. It originally aired on November 7, 2010. The episode title is a reference to the Hannah Montana song`` I'll Always Remember You''. The one - hour episode is notable for being the first time Miley Stewart admits her secret to the world that she is Hannah Montana. Title: Hannah Montana Passage: Hannah Montana, also known as Hannah Montana Forever in its fourth and final season, is an American musical comedy television series created by Michael Poryes, Rich Correll, and Barry O'Brien. It focuses on Miley Stewart (portrayed by Miley Cyrus), who is a teenager living a double life as an average schoolgirl by day and as the famous recording artist Hannah Montana by night, which she keeps secret and only a few people know of her alter ego. The story follows the daily life of Stewart, her brother Jackson, her best friends Lily and Oliver, and her father Robby (Cyrus's real - life country singer father, Billy Ray Cyrus). Title: Hannah Montana and Miley Cyrus: Best of Both Worlds Concert Passage: Hannah Montana and Miley Cyrus: Best of Both Worlds Concert is a 2008 American concert film produced and released by Walt Disney Pictures presented in Disney Digital 3-D. Released in the United States and Canada originally for one week, February 1–7, 2008, with release in other countries later on. The film is directed by Brice Smith and produced by Art Repola. Title: Boulder River (Sweet Grass County, Montana) Passage: The Boulder River is a tributary of the Yellowstone River, approximately 60 mi (96 km) long, in south central Montana in the United States. It is one of two rivers named the Boulder River in Montana. Title: Hannah Montana (season 2) Passage: ``I Want You to Want Me... to Go to Florida ''features the ballad`` Ready, Set, Do n't Go'' by Billy Ray Cyrus. It details his feelings concerning his daughter Miley's move to Los Angeles to star in Hannah Montana, while he stayed behind in Nashville. The episode also features the song ``If Cupid Had a Heart '', by Julie Griffin, and written by Gordon Pogoda. Mikayla (Selena Gomez), lip - syncs it in the episode. A soundtrack for the season featuring 10 songs sung by Miley Cyrus as Hannah Montana was released on June 26, 2007. Title: Miley Cyrus Passage: Cyrus auditioned for the Disney Channel television series Hannah Montana when she was eleven years old. She auditioned for the role of the title character's best friend, but was called to audition for the lead role instead. Despite being denied the part at first because she was too ``young and small ''for the role, she was selected later as the lead because of her singing and acting abilities. The series premiered in March 2006 to the largest audience for a Disney Channel program, and quickly ranked among the highest - rated series on basic cable. The instant success of the series led to Cyrus being labeled a`` teen idol''. She toured with The Cheetah Girls as Hannah Montana in September 2006, performing songs from the show's first season. Walt Disney Records released a soundtrack credited to Cyrus' character in October of that year. The record was a commercial success, topping the Billboard 200 chart in the United States; it went on to sell over three million copies worldwide. With the release of the soundtrack, Cyrus became the first act within The Walt Disney Company to have deals in television, film, consumer products, and music. She had a two - year relationship with actor Tyler Posey. Cyrus has stated that she dated singer and actor Nick Jonas from June 2006 to December 2007, claiming they were ``in love ''and began dating soon after they first met. Her relationship with Jonas, as well as her`` spoofing'' fellow Disney alums Selena Gomez and Demi Lovato, attracted considerable media attention. Cyrus came out as pansexual to her mother when she was 14, and has said: ``I never want to label myself! I am ready to love anyone that loves me for who I am! I am open. '' Title: University of Montana School of Journalism Passage: The University of Montana School of Journalism is located at the University of Montana in Missoula, Montana, and is one of the oldest accredited journalism programs in the United States. Title: Hannah Montana Passage: The theme song for Hannah Montana is "The Best of Both Worlds" written by Matthew Gerrard and Robbie Nevil, produced by Gerrard and performed by Miley Cyrus (as Hannah Montana). John Carta, who also composed the music cues to signify scene changes and commercial breaks for the first season, composed the music for the song. The song's lyrics describe the basic premise of the television series. Title: Hannah Montana (season 1) Passage: The first season of the television series Hannah Montana was aired on Disney Channel from March 24, 2006 to March 30, 2007, and included 26 episodes. It introduces the five main characters of the series and Miley Stewart's situation of living a secret double life as a teen pop star. The season also introduces several significant recurring characters such as Roxy Roker, Jake Ryan, and Rico Suave. Title: Hayley Chase Passage: Hayley Chase is an American actress, known for her many dramatic and comedic guest starring roles on television as well as her recurring role as Joannie Palumbo on "Hannah Montana". She has starred in numerous television ads such as Yoplait and AT&T. Title: This Is Us Passage: Chrissy Metz as Kate Pearson: Jack & Rebecca's daughter, and Kevin & Randall's sister. Also played by Hannah Zeile (age 15) and Mackenzie Hancsicsak (ages 8 -- 10). Title: Hannah Montana Forever Passage: Hannah Montana Forever is the soundtrack album for the fourth and final season of the television series "Hannah Montana", released on October 15, 2010 by Walt Disney Records. All eleven tracks are performed by its primary actress Miley Cyrus, and are credited to her character Hannah Montana. Recording artists Billy Ray Cyrus, Iyaz, and Sheryl Crow appear as featured vocalists. The soundtrack is primarily a pop record, which sees additional influences from teen pop, pop rock, power pop, dance-pop, and country pop musical styles.	[ "Hannah Montana", "Miley Cyrus" ]
2hop__173998_774871	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "WVRZ (99.7 FM) is a radio station located in Mount Carmel, Pennsylvania. It is a simulcast of Top 40 (CHR) formatted WVRT (V97).", "title": "WVRZ" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "KQRX (95.1 FM, \"Rock 95.1\") is a commercial radio station located in Midland, Texas, broadcasting to the Midland-Odessa market. KQRX airs an active rock music format.", "title": "KQRX" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "\"The Clairvoyant\" is a song by the English heavy metal band Iron Maiden. It is the band's nineteenth single and the third from their seventh studio album, \"Seventh Son of a Seventh Son\" (1988). The single, which was also released as a clear vinyl, debuted at number six in the British charts. It contains three live performances from Maiden's 1988 headlining performance at the Monsters of Rock festival in Donington Park.", "title": "The Clairvoyant (song)" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "WDRM (102.1 FM, \"102.1 WDRM\") is an American radio station licensed to serve the community of Decatur, Alabama, and owned by iHeartMedia, Inc. It serves the Huntsville, Alabama, area with a country music format. Its studios are located in Madison, Alabama and its transmitter is located north of Huntsville.", "title": "WDRM" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "WFWI is an FM radio station located in Fort Wayne, Indiana with a classic hits format. The station operates on the FM radio frequency of 92.3 MHz. The station's main competitor is WLDE.", "title": "WFWI" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "WOLT (103.3 FM, \"ALT 103.3\") is an FM radio station in Indianapolis, Indiana. The alternative rock-formatted station is owned by iHeartMedia. The studios are located at 6161 Fall Creek Road on the northeast side of Indianapolis. The transmitter and antenna are located on the northwest side of Indianapolis.", "title": "WOLT" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "KGTM is a Hot AC formatted radio station located in Shelley, Idaho, broadcasting to Eastern Idaho area on 98.1 FM.", "title": "KGTM" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Little Big Shots is an Australian reality television show which premiered on the Seven Network on 27 August 2017. The program, based on the American format of the same name, is hosted by Shane Jacobson and features performances by children aged 3 to 13 years old.", "title": "Little Big Shots (Australian TV series)" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "WILN (105.9 FM, \"Island 106\") is a US commercial radio station located in Panama City, Florida. WILN airs a Top 40 (CHR) music format.", "title": "WILN" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "America's Got Talent Season 11 Broadcast from May 31 -- September 14, 2016 Judges Howie Mandel Mel B Heidi Klum Simon Cowell Host (s) Nick Cannon Broadcaster NBC Winner Grace VanderWaal Origin Suffern, New York Genre (s) Singer Runner - up The Clairvoyants Chronology ◀ 2016 ▶", "title": "America's Got Talent (season 11)" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "WKKO is a commercial FM radio station in Toledo, Ohio broadcasting on 99.9 MHz with a country music format. It is owned by Cumulus Media. The station's studios are located in Toledo, and its transmitter is located in Harbor View, Ohio.", "title": "WKKO" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "WCBM (680 AM, \"Talkradio 680\") is a Talk-formatted broadcast radio station serving Baltimore, Maryland. Its transmitter is located in Randallstown, Maryland.", "title": "WCBM" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "WQTL (106.1 FM, \"Kool Oldies 106.1\") is an oldies music formatted radio station in Tallahassee, Florida, United States, owned by Adams Radio Group. Its studios are located in northeast Tallahassee, and its transmitter is located due north of downtown Tallahassee.", "title": "WQTL" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Stockton Hill is a volcanic plug located in the formation known as the Chilcotin Group, which lie between the Pacific Ranges of the Coast Mountains and the mid-Fraser River in British Columbia, Canada.", "title": "Stockton Hill" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Iron Maiden are an English heavy metal band formed in Leyton, East London, in 1975 by bassist and primary songwriter Steve Harris. The band's discography has grown to thirty-nine albums, including sixteen studio albums, twelve live albums, four EPs, and seven compilations.", "title": "Iron Maiden" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "WCCL is an American radio station physically located in Johnstown, Pennsylvania located at 101.7 FM, but licensed to the community of Central City, Pennsylvania. The oldies formatted station currently carries a syndicated feed of Westwood One's \"Good Time Oldies\" format. The station is owned by Forever Media, LLC.", "title": "WCCL" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Zusailing Formation is located in Baoting County, Hainan Province, China. It contains carbonaceous phyllite with interbeds of crystalline limestone. Its dated to the late Silurian Period.", "title": "Zusailing Formation" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Somnambul is a 1929 German silent horror film directed by Adolf Trotz and starring Fritz Kortner, Erna Morena and Veit Harlan. The film is set against the backdrop of spiritualism. The Berlin clairvoyant Elsbeth Guenther-Geffers appeared in the film. The film's art director was August Rinaldi.", "title": "Somnambul" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Upon returning to Italy, in the 1930s he became known in aristocratic and political circles. Rol engaged in various demonstrations of his supposed mystical powers, including telepathy, clairvoyance, and other psychic or magical feats. He also became a friend, among others, of film directors Federico Fellini and Franco Zeffirelli and writer Dino Buzzati. Toward the later part of his life, and after his death, Rol was a focal point of debate in Italy between skeptics and advocates of parapsychology.", "title": "Gustavo Rol" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Imogene Coca Show is a half-hour NBC television series starring Imogene Coca in both situation comedy and variety show formats. The program debuted on October 2, 1954, after the ending of Sid Caesar's \"Your Show of Shows\", on which Coca had been a popular regular performer.", "title": "The Imogene Coca Show" } ]	Where did the performers of The Clairvoyant form?	Leyton	[]	Title: WVRZ Passage: WVRZ (99.7 FM) is a radio station located in Mount Carmel, Pennsylvania. It is a simulcast of Top 40 (CHR) formatted WVRT (V97). Title: Stockton Hill Passage: Stockton Hill is a volcanic plug located in the formation known as the Chilcotin Group, which lie between the Pacific Ranges of the Coast Mountains and the mid-Fraser River in British Columbia, Canada. Title: Zusailing Formation Passage: The Zusailing Formation is located in Baoting County, Hainan Province, China. It contains carbonaceous phyllite with interbeds of crystalline limestone. Its dated to the late Silurian Period. Title: KGTM Passage: KGTM is a Hot AC formatted radio station located in Shelley, Idaho, broadcasting to Eastern Idaho area on 98.1 FM. Title: Little Big Shots (Australian TV series) Passage: Little Big Shots is an Australian reality television show which premiered on the Seven Network on 27 August 2017. The program, based on the American format of the same name, is hosted by Shane Jacobson and features performances by children aged 3 to 13 years old. Title: Iron Maiden Passage: Iron Maiden are an English heavy metal band formed in Leyton, East London, in 1975 by bassist and primary songwriter Steve Harris. The band's discography has grown to thirty-nine albums, including sixteen studio albums, twelve live albums, four EPs, and seven compilations. Title: WCCL Passage: WCCL is an American radio station physically located in Johnstown, Pennsylvania located at 101.7 FM, but licensed to the community of Central City, Pennsylvania. The oldies formatted station currently carries a syndicated feed of Westwood One's "Good Time Oldies" format. The station is owned by Forever Media, LLC. Title: Somnambul Passage: Somnambul is a 1929 German silent horror film directed by Adolf Trotz and starring Fritz Kortner, Erna Morena and Veit Harlan. The film is set against the backdrop of spiritualism. The Berlin clairvoyant Elsbeth Guenther-Geffers appeared in the film. The film's art director was August Rinaldi. Title: KQRX Passage: KQRX (95.1 FM, "Rock 95.1") is a commercial radio station located in Midland, Texas, broadcasting to the Midland-Odessa market. KQRX airs an active rock music format. Title: The Imogene Coca Show Passage: The Imogene Coca Show is a half-hour NBC television series starring Imogene Coca in both situation comedy and variety show formats. The program debuted on October 2, 1954, after the ending of Sid Caesar's "Your Show of Shows", on which Coca had been a popular regular performer. Title: The Clairvoyant (song) Passage: "The Clairvoyant" is a song by the English heavy metal band Iron Maiden. It is the band's nineteenth single and the third from their seventh studio album, "Seventh Son of a Seventh Son" (1988). The single, which was also released as a clear vinyl, debuted at number six in the British charts. It contains three live performances from Maiden's 1988 headlining performance at the Monsters of Rock festival in Donington Park. Title: WQTL Passage: WQTL (106.1 FM, "Kool Oldies 106.1") is an oldies music formatted radio station in Tallahassee, Florida, United States, owned by Adams Radio Group. Its studios are located in northeast Tallahassee, and its transmitter is located due north of downtown Tallahassee. Title: WCBM Passage: WCBM (680 AM, "Talkradio 680") is a Talk-formatted broadcast radio station serving Baltimore, Maryland. Its transmitter is located in Randallstown, Maryland. Title: WOLT Passage: WOLT (103.3 FM, "ALT 103.3") is an FM radio station in Indianapolis, Indiana. The alternative rock-formatted station is owned by iHeartMedia. The studios are located at 6161 Fall Creek Road on the northeast side of Indianapolis. The transmitter and antenna are located on the northwest side of Indianapolis. Title: WDRM Passage: WDRM (102.1 FM, "102.1 WDRM") is an American radio station licensed to serve the community of Decatur, Alabama, and owned by iHeartMedia, Inc. It serves the Huntsville, Alabama, area with a country music format. Its studios are located in Madison, Alabama and its transmitter is located north of Huntsville. Title: WILN Passage: WILN (105.9 FM, "Island 106") is a US commercial radio station located in Panama City, Florida. WILN airs a Top 40 (CHR) music format. Title: WFWI Passage: WFWI is an FM radio station located in Fort Wayne, Indiana with a classic hits format. The station operates on the FM radio frequency of 92.3 MHz. The station's main competitor is WLDE. Title: Gustavo Rol Passage: Upon returning to Italy, in the 1930s he became known in aristocratic and political circles. Rol engaged in various demonstrations of his supposed mystical powers, including telepathy, clairvoyance, and other psychic or magical feats. He also became a friend, among others, of film directors Federico Fellini and Franco Zeffirelli and writer Dino Buzzati. Toward the later part of his life, and after his death, Rol was a focal point of debate in Italy between skeptics and advocates of parapsychology. Title: America's Got Talent (season 11) Passage: America's Got Talent Season 11 Broadcast from May 31 -- September 14, 2016 Judges Howie Mandel Mel B Heidi Klum Simon Cowell Host (s) Nick Cannon Broadcaster NBC Winner Grace VanderWaal Origin Suffern, New York Genre (s) Singer Runner - up The Clairvoyants Chronology ◀ 2016 ▶ Title: WKKO Passage: WKKO is a commercial FM radio station in Toledo, Ohio broadcasting on 99.9 MHz with a country music format. It is owned by Cumulus Media. The station's studios are located in Toledo, and its transmitter is located in Harbor View, Ohio.	[ "The Clairvoyant (song)", "Iron Maiden" ]
3hop1__511323_861630_87032	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "October 29 -- 30, 2012: Hurricane Sandy crossed into Canada on October 29 through to early October 30, bringing heavy rain, high winds, and in some places, snow, to Ontario, Quebec and the Maritimes.", "title": "List of Canada hurricanes" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Dragon Quest VIII: Journey of the Cursed King, known in the PAL regions as Dragon Quest: The Journey of the Cursed King, is a role-playing video game developed by Level-5 and published by Square Enix for the PlayStation 2. It was first released in Japan in 2004, and was later released in North America in 2005 and PAL regions in 2006, making it the first main series installment released in the PAL region. It is the eighth installment of the popular Dragon Quest series and it is the first English version of a Dragon Quest game to drop the Dragon Warrior title. A version of the game for Android and iOS was released in Japan in December 2013, and worldwide in May 2014.Dragon Quest VIII uses cel shading for the characters and scenery and is the first game in the series to have fully 3D environments and character models. The game retains most of the series' role-playing game elements, such as turn-based combat and the experience level system. Dragon Quest VIII follows the silent Hero, the main character, and his party of allies as they journey towards the goal of defeating the wicked Dhoulmagus. The kingdom of Trodain has been cursed by Dhoulmagus, with the King, Trode, and his daughter, Medea, transformed into a troll and a horse respectively, and it is up to the Hero to return them to their original form and save the kingdom. Dragon Quest VIII was both a critical and financial success, becoming a Sony Greatest Hits game.", "title": "Dragon Quest VIII" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The List of Florida hurricanes encompasses approximately 500 tropical or subtropical cyclones that affected the state of Florida. More storms hit Florida than any other U.S. state, and since 1851 only eighteen hurricane seasons passed without a known storm impacting the state. Collectively, cyclones that hit the region have resulted in over 10,000 deaths, most of which occurring prior to the start of Hurricane Hunters flights in 1943. Additionally, the cumulative impact from the storms totaled over $141 billion in damage (2017 USD), primarily from Hurricane Andrew and hurricanes in the 2004 and 2005 seasons.", "title": "List of Florida hurricanes" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Sandy developed from a tropical wave in the western Caribbean Sea on October 22, quickly strengthened, and was upgraded to Tropical Storm Sandy six hours later. Sandy moved slowly northward toward the Greater Antilles and gradually intensified. On October 24, Sandy became a hurricane, made landfall near Kingston, Jamaica, re-emerged a few hours later into the Caribbean Sea and strengthened into a Category 2 hurricane. On October 25, Sandy hit Cuba as a Category 3 hurricane, then weakened to a Category 1 hurricane. Early on October 26, Sandy moved through the Bahamas. On October 27, Sandy briefly weakened to a tropical storm and then restrengthened to a Category 1 hurricane. Early on October 29, Sandy curved west - northwest (the ``left turn ''or`` left hook'') and then moved ashore near Brigantine, New Jersey, just to the northeast of Atlantic City, as a post-tropical cyclone with hurricane - force winds.", "title": "Hurricane Sandy" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Big Sandy is a census-designated place (CDP) located in McDowell County, West Virginia, United States. As of the 2010 census, its population is 168. The town's name comes from the Big Sandy River, a major tributary of the Ohio River which forms the boundary between West Virginia and Kentucky.", "title": "Big Sandy, West Virginia" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Miami 2017 (Seen the Lights Go Out on Broadway)\" is a song written and originally recorded by Billy Joel which appeared as the final song on his album \"Turnstiles\" in 1976. Several live performances of the song have been released. He performed this song at benefit concerts: The Concert for New York City for victims of the September 11 attacks in 2001, on the television program \"\" for Hurricane Sandy victims in 2012 and during his set at \"\". Joel has often tweaked the lyrics to the song at his live concerts, particularly at the \"Live at Shea\" and \"Coming Together\" concerts. On New Year's Eve, 2016, Joel performed at the BB&T Center in Sunrise, Florida, a city just north of Miami Dade County. At midnight, he crooned the traditional Auld Lang Syne and then immediately went into \"Miami 2017\". On the January 9, 2017 episode of \"The Late Show with Stephen Colbert\", Billy Joel performed the song with Stay Human, the show's house band.", "title": "Miami 2017 (Seen the Lights Go Out on Broadway)" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Bikini Barbershop (Also known as Bikini Barbershop: Jersey) is an American reality show on AXS TV featuring Jeff Wulkan, a man who runs a hair salon/barber shop in Long Branch, New Jersey called \"Bikini Barbers\". It mainly consists of female hair stylists, at work, wearing only bikinis. Following Hurricane Sandy, a drop in business forced the closure of the shop.", "title": "Bikini Barbershop" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "After Sandy exited Cuba, the structure became disorganized, and it turned to the north - northwest over the Bahamas. By October 27, Sandy was no longer fully tropical, and despite strong shear, it maintained convection due to influence from an approaching trough; the same trough turned the hurricane to the northeast. After briefly weakening to a tropical storm, Sandy re-intensified into a hurricane, and on October 28 an eye began redeveloping. The storm moved around an upper - level low over the eastern United States and also to the southwest of a ridge over Atlantic Canada, turning it to the northwest. Sandy briefly re-intensified to Category 2 intensity on the morning of October 29, around which time it had a wind diameter of over 1,150 miles (1,850 km), and a central pressure of 943 mb, which set records for many cities across the Northeastern United States for the lowest pressures ever observed. The convection diminished while the hurricane accelerated toward the New Jersey coast, and the hurricane was no longer tropical by 2100 UTC on October 29. About 2 / hours later, Sandy made landfall near Brigantine, New Jersey, with winds of 80 mph (130 km / h). During the next four days, Sandy's remnants drifted northward and then northeastward over Ontario, before merging with another low pressure area over Eastern Canada on November 2.", "title": "Hurricane Sandy" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Sandy Lake is an unincorporated community Native American village located in Turner Township, Aitkin County, Minnesota, United States. Its name in the Ojibwe language is \"Gaa-mitaawangaagamaag\", meaning \"Place of the Sandy-shored Lake\". The village is administrative center for the Sandy Lake Band of Mississippi Chippewa, though the administration of the Mille Lacs Indian Reservation, District II, is located in the nearby East Lake.", "title": "Sandy Lake, Minnesota" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Oklahoma is a census-designated place located in Sandy Township, Clearfield County, in the state of Pennsylvania. As of the 2010 census the population was 782. It is bordered to the northwest by the city of DuBois.", "title": "Oklahoma, Clearfield County, Pennsylvania" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Jacksonville has suffered less damage from hurricanes than most other east coast cities, although the threat does exist for a direct hit by a major hurricane. The city has only received one direct hit from a hurricane since 1871; however, Jacksonville has experienced hurricane or near-hurricane conditions more than a dozen times due to storms crossing the state from the Gulf of Mexico to the Atlantic Ocean, or passing to the north or south in the Atlantic and brushing past the area. The strongest effect on Jacksonville was from Hurricane Dora in 1964, the only recorded storm to hit the First Coast with sustained hurricane-force winds. The eye crossed St. Augustine with winds that had just barely diminished to 110 mph (180 km/h), making it a strong Category 2 on the Saffir-Simpson Scale. Jacksonville also suffered damage from 2008's Tropical Storm Fay which crisscrossed the state, bringing parts of Jacksonville under darkness for four days. Similarly, four years prior to this, Jacksonville was inundated by Hurricane Frances and Hurricane Jeanne, which made landfall south of the area. These tropical cyclones were the costliest indirect hits to Jacksonville. Hurricane Floyd in 1999 caused damage mainly to Jacksonville Beach. During Floyd, the Jacksonville Beach pier was severely damaged, and later demolished. The rebuilt pier was later damaged by Fay, but not destroyed. Tropical Storm Bonnie would cause minor damage in 2004, spawning a minor tornado in the process. On May 28, 2012, Jacksonville was hit by Tropical Storm Beryl, packing winds up to 70 miles per hour (113 km/h) which made landfall near Jacksonville Beach.", "title": "Jacksonville, Florida" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Marionetas en la cuerda – Sandie Shaw canta en Español is a Spanish-language album by the British singer Sandie Shaw. It is a compilation of her recordings in this language, featuring Spanish versions of many of her hits.", "title": "Marionetas En La Cuerda – Sandie Shaw Canta En Español" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "September 10 -- 11 - Hurricane Irma makes landfall on Cudjoe Key as a Category 4 hurricane with sustained winds of 130 mph (215 km / h), then makes a second landfall on Marco Island with winds of 115 mph (185 km / h). It is the strongest hurricane in terms of windspeed to hit the state since Charley in 2004, and the most intense in terms of pressure since Andrew in 1992. Irma has killed at least 82 people in the state.", "title": "List of Florida hurricanes (2000–present)" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Quest is an album by American jazz pianist Mal Waldron recorded in 1961 and released on the New Jazz label. Some reissues of the album have appeared under Eric Dolphy's name.", "title": "The Quest (album)" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Hurricane Sandy Category 1 hurricane (SSHWS / NWS) Satellite image of Sandy at 4: 15 p.m. EDT on October 29 as it was about to make landfall on the Jersey Shore Formed October 28, 2012 (First rainbands begin to affect New Jersey) Dissipated November 2, 2012 (Dissipated as extratropical cyclone) (Extratropical after October 29) Highest winds 1 - minute sustained: 80 mph (130 km / h) Highest gust Gusts: 100 mph (155 km / h) Lowest pressure 945 mbar (hPa); 27.91 inHg Fatalities 53 total Damage $32 billion (2012 USD) (Estimated damage total) Areas affected New York, especially the New York metropolitan area Part of the 2012 Atlantic hurricane season Part of a series on Hurricane Sandy General Meteorological history Impact Greater Antilles United States Maryland and Washington, D.C. New Jersey New York New England Canada Other wikis Commons: Sandy images Wikinews: Sandy stories", "title": "Effects of Hurricane Sandy in New York" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "On January 7, 2012, Beyoncé gave birth to her first child, a daughter, Blue Ivy Carter, at Lenox Hill Hospital in New York. Five months later, she performed for four nights at Revel Atlantic City's Ovation Hall to celebrate the resort's opening, her first performances since giving birth to Blue Ivy.", "title": "Beyoncé" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Sandy City Bank, at 212 E. Main St. in Sandy, Utah, was built in 1907. It includes Late 19th and 20th Century Revivals and Italian Renaissance architecture. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1997.", "title": "Sandy City Bank" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Tampa Bay hurricane of 1921 (also known as the 1921 Tarpon Springs hurricane) is the most recent major hurricane to strike the Tampa Bay Area. The eleventh tropical cyclone, sixth tropical storm, and fifth hurricane of the season, the storm developed from a trough in the southwestern Caribbean Sea on October 20. Initially a tropical storm, the system moved northwestward and intensified into a hurricane on October 22 and a major hurricane by October 23. Later that day, the cyclone peaked as a Category 4 on the modern day Saffir -- Simpson scale with maximum sustained winds of 140 mph (220 km / h). After entering the Gulf of Mexico, the hurricane gradually curved northeastward and weakened to a Category 3 before making landfall near Tarpon Springs, Florida, late on October 25, becoming the first major hurricane to hit the area since a hurricane in 1848. The storm quickly weakened to a Category 1 hurricane while crossing Central Florida, before reaching the Atlantic Ocean early on the following day. Thereafter, system moved east - southeastward and remained fairly steady in intensity before weakening to a tropical storm late on October 29. The storm was then absorbed by a larger extratropical cyclone early the next day, with the remnants of the hurricane soon becoming indistinguishable.", "title": "1921 Tampa Bay hurricane" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Super Quartet Live at Sweet Basil is a live album by jazz pianist Mal Waldron featuring soprano saxophonist Steve Lacy recorded at Sweet Basil in New York City in 1987 and released on the Japanese Paddle Wheel label.", "title": "The Super Quartet Live at Sweet Basil" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "August 25 -- 28, 2017 -- Hurricane Harvey hit the coast near Rockport as a Category 4 hurricane, producing extreme and unprecedented amounts of rainfall in the Houston Metropolitan area. It is the costliest hurricane worldwide with $198.6 billion in damages.", "title": "List of Texas hurricanes (1980–present)" } ]	When did Hurricane Sandy hit the birthplace of the performer of The Quest?	October 28, 2012	[]	Title: List of Florida hurricanes (2000–present) Passage: September 10 -- 11 - Hurricane Irma makes landfall on Cudjoe Key as a Category 4 hurricane with sustained winds of 130 mph (215 km / h), then makes a second landfall on Marco Island with winds of 115 mph (185 km / h). It is the strongest hurricane in terms of windspeed to hit the state since Charley in 2004, and the most intense in terms of pressure since Andrew in 1992. Irma has killed at least 82 people in the state. Title: 1921 Tampa Bay hurricane Passage: The Tampa Bay hurricane of 1921 (also known as the 1921 Tarpon Springs hurricane) is the most recent major hurricane to strike the Tampa Bay Area. The eleventh tropical cyclone, sixth tropical storm, and fifth hurricane of the season, the storm developed from a trough in the southwestern Caribbean Sea on October 20. Initially a tropical storm, the system moved northwestward and intensified into a hurricane on October 22 and a major hurricane by October 23. Later that day, the cyclone peaked as a Category 4 on the modern day Saffir -- Simpson scale with maximum sustained winds of 140 mph (220 km / h). After entering the Gulf of Mexico, the hurricane gradually curved northeastward and weakened to a Category 3 before making landfall near Tarpon Springs, Florida, late on October 25, becoming the first major hurricane to hit the area since a hurricane in 1848. The storm quickly weakened to a Category 1 hurricane while crossing Central Florida, before reaching the Atlantic Ocean early on the following day. Thereafter, system moved east - southeastward and remained fairly steady in intensity before weakening to a tropical storm late on October 29. The storm was then absorbed by a larger extratropical cyclone early the next day, with the remnants of the hurricane soon becoming indistinguishable. Title: Jacksonville, Florida Passage: Jacksonville has suffered less damage from hurricanes than most other east coast cities, although the threat does exist for a direct hit by a major hurricane. The city has only received one direct hit from a hurricane since 1871; however, Jacksonville has experienced hurricane or near-hurricane conditions more than a dozen times due to storms crossing the state from the Gulf of Mexico to the Atlantic Ocean, or passing to the north or south in the Atlantic and brushing past the area. The strongest effect on Jacksonville was from Hurricane Dora in 1964, the only recorded storm to hit the First Coast with sustained hurricane-force winds. The eye crossed St. Augustine with winds that had just barely diminished to 110 mph (180 km/h), making it a strong Category 2 on the Saffir-Simpson Scale. Jacksonville also suffered damage from 2008's Tropical Storm Fay which crisscrossed the state, bringing parts of Jacksonville under darkness for four days. Similarly, four years prior to this, Jacksonville was inundated by Hurricane Frances and Hurricane Jeanne, which made landfall south of the area. These tropical cyclones were the costliest indirect hits to Jacksonville. Hurricane Floyd in 1999 caused damage mainly to Jacksonville Beach. During Floyd, the Jacksonville Beach pier was severely damaged, and later demolished. The rebuilt pier was later damaged by Fay, but not destroyed. Tropical Storm Bonnie would cause minor damage in 2004, spawning a minor tornado in the process. On May 28, 2012, Jacksonville was hit by Tropical Storm Beryl, packing winds up to 70 miles per hour (113 km/h) which made landfall near Jacksonville Beach. Title: Hurricane Sandy Passage: Sandy developed from a tropical wave in the western Caribbean Sea on October 22, quickly strengthened, and was upgraded to Tropical Storm Sandy six hours later. Sandy moved slowly northward toward the Greater Antilles and gradually intensified. On October 24, Sandy became a hurricane, made landfall near Kingston, Jamaica, re-emerged a few hours later into the Caribbean Sea and strengthened into a Category 2 hurricane. On October 25, Sandy hit Cuba as a Category 3 hurricane, then weakened to a Category 1 hurricane. Early on October 26, Sandy moved through the Bahamas. On October 27, Sandy briefly weakened to a tropical storm and then restrengthened to a Category 1 hurricane. Early on October 29, Sandy curved west - northwest (the ``left turn ''or`` left hook'') and then moved ashore near Brigantine, New Jersey, just to the northeast of Atlantic City, as a post-tropical cyclone with hurricane - force winds. Title: Marionetas En La Cuerda – Sandie Shaw Canta En Español Passage: Marionetas en la cuerda – Sandie Shaw canta en Español is a Spanish-language album by the British singer Sandie Shaw. It is a compilation of her recordings in this language, featuring Spanish versions of many of her hits. Title: Dragon Quest VIII Passage: Dragon Quest VIII: Journey of the Cursed King, known in the PAL regions as Dragon Quest: The Journey of the Cursed King, is a role-playing video game developed by Level-5 and published by Square Enix for the PlayStation 2. It was first released in Japan in 2004, and was later released in North America in 2005 and PAL regions in 2006, making it the first main series installment released in the PAL region. It is the eighth installment of the popular Dragon Quest series and it is the first English version of a Dragon Quest game to drop the Dragon Warrior title. A version of the game for Android and iOS was released in Japan in December 2013, and worldwide in May 2014.Dragon Quest VIII uses cel shading for the characters and scenery and is the first game in the series to have fully 3D environments and character models. The game retains most of the series' role-playing game elements, such as turn-based combat and the experience level system. Dragon Quest VIII follows the silent Hero, the main character, and his party of allies as they journey towards the goal of defeating the wicked Dhoulmagus. The kingdom of Trodain has been cursed by Dhoulmagus, with the King, Trode, and his daughter, Medea, transformed into a troll and a horse respectively, and it is up to the Hero to return them to their original form and save the kingdom. Dragon Quest VIII was both a critical and financial success, becoming a Sony Greatest Hits game. Title: List of Florida hurricanes Passage: The List of Florida hurricanes encompasses approximately 500 tropical or subtropical cyclones that affected the state of Florida. More storms hit Florida than any other U.S. state, and since 1851 only eighteen hurricane seasons passed without a known storm impacting the state. Collectively, cyclones that hit the region have resulted in over 10,000 deaths, most of which occurring prior to the start of Hurricane Hunters flights in 1943. Additionally, the cumulative impact from the storms totaled over $141 billion in damage (2017 USD), primarily from Hurricane Andrew and hurricanes in the 2004 and 2005 seasons. Title: The Super Quartet Live at Sweet Basil Passage: The Super Quartet Live at Sweet Basil is a live album by jazz pianist Mal Waldron featuring soprano saxophonist Steve Lacy recorded at Sweet Basil in New York City in 1987 and released on the Japanese Paddle Wheel label. Title: List of Canada hurricanes Passage: October 29 -- 30, 2012: Hurricane Sandy crossed into Canada on October 29 through to early October 30, bringing heavy rain, high winds, and in some places, snow, to Ontario, Quebec and the Maritimes. Title: Big Sandy, West Virginia Passage: Big Sandy is a census-designated place (CDP) located in McDowell County, West Virginia, United States. As of the 2010 census, its population is 168. The town's name comes from the Big Sandy River, a major tributary of the Ohio River which forms the boundary between West Virginia and Kentucky. Title: Bikini Barbershop Passage: Bikini Barbershop (Also known as Bikini Barbershop: Jersey) is an American reality show on AXS TV featuring Jeff Wulkan, a man who runs a hair salon/barber shop in Long Branch, New Jersey called "Bikini Barbers". It mainly consists of female hair stylists, at work, wearing only bikinis. Following Hurricane Sandy, a drop in business forced the closure of the shop. Title: The Quest (album) Passage: The Quest is an album by American jazz pianist Mal Waldron recorded in 1961 and released on the New Jazz label. Some reissues of the album have appeared under Eric Dolphy's name. Title: Sandy City Bank Passage: The Sandy City Bank, at 212 E. Main St. in Sandy, Utah, was built in 1907. It includes Late 19th and 20th Century Revivals and Italian Renaissance architecture. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1997. Title: Oklahoma, Clearfield County, Pennsylvania Passage: Oklahoma is a census-designated place located in Sandy Township, Clearfield County, in the state of Pennsylvania. As of the 2010 census the population was 782. It is bordered to the northwest by the city of DuBois. Title: Sandy Lake, Minnesota Passage: Sandy Lake is an unincorporated community Native American village located in Turner Township, Aitkin County, Minnesota, United States. Its name in the Ojibwe language is "Gaa-mitaawangaagamaag", meaning "Place of the Sandy-shored Lake". The village is administrative center for the Sandy Lake Band of Mississippi Chippewa, though the administration of the Mille Lacs Indian Reservation, District II, is located in the nearby East Lake. Title: List of Texas hurricanes (1980–present) Passage: August 25 -- 28, 2017 -- Hurricane Harvey hit the coast near Rockport as a Category 4 hurricane, producing extreme and unprecedented amounts of rainfall in the Houston Metropolitan area. It is the costliest hurricane worldwide with $198.6 billion in damages. Title: Miami 2017 (Seen the Lights Go Out on Broadway) Passage: "Miami 2017 (Seen the Lights Go Out on Broadway)" is a song written and originally recorded by Billy Joel which appeared as the final song on his album "Turnstiles" in 1976. Several live performances of the song have been released. He performed this song at benefit concerts: The Concert for New York City for victims of the September 11 attacks in 2001, on the television program "" for Hurricane Sandy victims in 2012 and during his set at "". Joel has often tweaked the lyrics to the song at his live concerts, particularly at the "Live at Shea" and "Coming Together" concerts. On New Year's Eve, 2016, Joel performed at the BB&T Center in Sunrise, Florida, a city just north of Miami Dade County. At midnight, he crooned the traditional Auld Lang Syne and then immediately went into "Miami 2017". On the January 9, 2017 episode of "The Late Show with Stephen Colbert", Billy Joel performed the song with Stay Human, the show's house band. Title: Beyoncé Passage: On January 7, 2012, Beyoncé gave birth to her first child, a daughter, Blue Ivy Carter, at Lenox Hill Hospital in New York. Five months later, she performed for four nights at Revel Atlantic City's Ovation Hall to celebrate the resort's opening, her first performances since giving birth to Blue Ivy. Title: Hurricane Sandy Passage: After Sandy exited Cuba, the structure became disorganized, and it turned to the north - northwest over the Bahamas. By October 27, Sandy was no longer fully tropical, and despite strong shear, it maintained convection due to influence from an approaching trough; the same trough turned the hurricane to the northeast. After briefly weakening to a tropical storm, Sandy re-intensified into a hurricane, and on October 28 an eye began redeveloping. The storm moved around an upper - level low over the eastern United States and also to the southwest of a ridge over Atlantic Canada, turning it to the northwest. Sandy briefly re-intensified to Category 2 intensity on the morning of October 29, around which time it had a wind diameter of over 1,150 miles (1,850 km), and a central pressure of 943 mb, which set records for many cities across the Northeastern United States for the lowest pressures ever observed. The convection diminished while the hurricane accelerated toward the New Jersey coast, and the hurricane was no longer tropical by 2100 UTC on October 29. About 2 / hours later, Sandy made landfall near Brigantine, New Jersey, with winds of 80 mph (130 km / h). During the next four days, Sandy's remnants drifted northward and then northeastward over Ontario, before merging with another low pressure area over Eastern Canada on November 2. Title: Effects of Hurricane Sandy in New York Passage: Hurricane Sandy Category 1 hurricane (SSHWS / NWS) Satellite image of Sandy at 4: 15 p.m. EDT on October 29 as it was about to make landfall on the Jersey Shore Formed October 28, 2012 (First rainbands begin to affect New Jersey) Dissipated November 2, 2012 (Dissipated as extratropical cyclone) (Extratropical after October 29) Highest winds 1 - minute sustained: 80 mph (130 km / h) Highest gust Gusts: 100 mph (155 km / h) Lowest pressure 945 mbar (hPa); 27.91 inHg Fatalities 53 total Damage $32 billion (2012 USD) (Estimated damage total) Areas affected New York, especially the New York metropolitan area Part of the 2012 Atlantic hurricane season Part of a series on Hurricane Sandy General Meteorological history Impact Greater Antilles United States Maryland and Washington, D.C. New Jersey New York New England Canada Other wikis Commons: Sandy images Wikinews: Sandy stories	[ "The Quest (album)", "Effects of Hurricane Sandy in New York", "The Super Quartet Live at Sweet Basil" ]
2hop__131286_54358	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Bladon Springs is an unincorporated community in Choctaw County, Alabama, United States. The community grew up around and gained its name from the mineral springs that once were operated as a renowned hotel and spa, now within the modern Bladon Springs State Park. The community itself featured many ornate homes and cottages built as summer residences by people from other parts of the state and elsewhere. Much of the community is part of the Bladon Springs Historic District, listed on the Alabama Register of Landmarks and Heritage on April 1, 1976.", "title": "Bladon Springs, Alabama" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Virginia State Capitol U.S. National Register of Historic Places U.S. National Historic Landmark Virginia Landmarks Register The Virginia State Capitol Building in June 2003. Location Richmond, Virginia, U.S. Built 1785 - 1788 Architect Thomas Jefferson; Charles - Louis Clérisseau Architectural style Early Republic, Palladian NRHP reference # 66000911 VLR # 127 - 0002 Significant dates Added to NRHP October 15, 1966 Designated NHL December 19, 1960 Designated VLR November 5, 1968", "title": "Virginia State Capitol" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Memorial Fountain and Statue are a historic fountain and statue located in Memorial Square at Chambersburg in Franklin County, Pennsylvania. They were installed in 1878, and built of cast iron. The fountain basin is hexagonal and 30 feet in diameter. It features eight flower vases positioned around it. The central shaft is 26 feet high and topped by a turned finial. At the base of the shaft are four cherubs riding dolphins. Water projects from each of the dolphin's mouths. The statue is of a uniformed soldier with rifle, standing 6 feet tall.", "title": "Memorial Fountain and Statue" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Spring Creek is an unincorporated community in Greenbrier County, West Virginia, United States. Spring Creek is located on the Greenbrier River south of Falling Spring.", "title": "Spring Creek, West Virginia" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Bubbling Spring is an unincorporated community in Hampshire County in the U.S. state of West Virginia. Bubbling Spring is situated on Cacapon River Road (West Virginia Secondary Route 14) along the Cacapon River south of Capon Bridge and north of Hooks Mills. It takes its name from the Bubbling Spring on the Cacapon there. Bubbling Spring has been known as Bubbling Spring Camps, Cacapon Bubbling Spring Camps, and Crystal Spring.", "title": "Bubbling Spring, West Virginia" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Siloam Springs, Arkansas City Clockwise, from top: Gazebo in City Park, Main Street Siloam Springs, fountain in Twin Springs Park, entrance to John Brown University, Sager Creek Arts Center, fountains in Sager Creek Location of Siloam Springs in Benton County, Arkansas. Coordinates: 36 ° 11 ′ 0 ''N 94 ° 32 ′ 22'' W / 36.18333 ° N 94.53944 ° W / 36.18333; - 94.53944 Coordinates: 36 ° 11 ′ 0 ''N 94 ° 32 ′ 22'' W / 36.18333 ° N 94.53944 ° W / 36.18333; - 94.53944 Country United States State Arkansas County Benton Incorporated December 22, 1881 Government Type City Administrator Mayor John Turner Area Total 11.15 sq mi (28.87 km) Land 11.07 sq mi (28.67 km) Water 0.08 sq mi (0.20 km) Elevation 1,132 ft (345 m) Population (2010) Total 15,039 Estimate (2016) 16,448 Density 1,485.95 / sq mi (573.70 / km) Time zone Central (CST) (UTC - 6) Summer (DST) CDT (UTC - 5) ZIP code 72761 Area code (s) 479 FIPS code 05 - 64370 GNIS feature ID 0078364 Website www.siloamsprings.com", "title": "Siloam Springs, Arkansas" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Crystal Springs Fountain is a historic roadside fountain along old U.S. Route 10 near Crystal Springs, North Dakota. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2010. It provided spring water and was a rest stop for travelers.", "title": "Crystal Springs Fountain" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Missouri State Capitol is the building that houses the legislative and executive branches of the government of the U.S. state of Missouri, as well as the Missouri General Assembly. Located in Jefferson City at 201 West Capitol Avenue, it is the third capitol in the city after the other two were demolished following a fire. The domed building was designed by the New York City architectural firm of Tracy and Swartwout and was completed in 1917.", "title": "Missouri State Capitol" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Valhermoso Springs is an unincorporated community in Morgan County, Alabama, United States. Valhermoso Springs is located on Alabama State Route 36, east-northeast of Somerville. Valhermoso Springs has a post office with ZIP code 35775.", "title": "Valhermoso Springs, Alabama" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Hiram Charles Todd House, also known as the Marvin-Sackett-Todd House, is located on Franklin Square in Saratoga Springs, New York, United States. It is a Greek Revival house built in the 1830s by a local hotelier. Later it was home to Hiram Charles Todd, a descendant of one of the original owners who was active in New York state politics.", "title": "Hiram Charles Todd House" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Colorado Springs is a home rule municipality that is the largest city by area in Colorado as well as the county seat and the most populous municipality of El Paso County, Colorado, United States. Colorado Springs is located in the east central portion of the state. It is situated on Fountain Creek and is located 60 miles (97 km) south of the Colorado State Capitol in Denver.", "title": "Colorado Springs, Colorado" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Lincoln Terrace is a historic and diverse neighborhood in the Eastside district of Northeast Oklahoma City, located on either side of Lincoln Blvd just south of the Oklahoma State Capitol, between NE 13th and NE 23rd streets.] Most homes in the area were built during the decade (1920–30) after the erection of the state capitol. The neighborhood has undergone a renaissance in recent years in part as a result of the expansion of the Oklahoma Medical Center complex, anchored by the University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, on its south side.", "title": "Lincoln Terrace neighborhood" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Fountain Lake is a city in Garland County, Arkansas, United States. It is part of the Hot Springs Metropolitan Statistical Area. The population was 503 at the 2010 census.", "title": "Fountain Lake, Arkansas" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Wisconsin Veterans Museum, located on Capitol Square in Madison, Wisconsin, USA, is dedicated to the soldiers of the state of Wisconsin.", "title": "Wisconsin Veterans Museum" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The disaster required the construction of a new building during the Great Depression. The tower and wing were built between 1931 and 1934, at a cost of $2 million. Ground was broken for the building by Governor George F. Shafer on August 13, 1932. Workers on the building were paid only 30 cents an hour and, after multiple worker strikes, the capitol grounds were administered by martial law in June 1933. The state sold half of the original capitol campus to defray the cost of construction. Artist Edgar Miller was brought in to do much of the interior design and decoration as well as the bas - relief sculptures on the facade which depict the rich human history of North Dakota.", "title": "North Dakota State Capitol" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Gallman is an unincorporated community in Copiah County, Mississippi, United States. Gallman is located along Interstate 55 and U.S. Route 51 south-southwest of Crystal Springs. Gallman has a post office with ZIP code 39077, which opened on November 8, 1872.", "title": "Gallman, Mississippi" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Pennsylvania State Office Building is a historic office building located in the Hahnemann neighborhood of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. It was built in 1957-1958, and is an 18-story, steel frame and reinforced concrete building. It is clad in white marble exterior panels and measures 63 feet by 259 feet. Its style is reflective of the Modern movement. The building is surrounded by a group of formal concrete plazas. At one end is a black granite fountain with a double concave shape.", "title": "Pennsylvania State Office Building" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The William S. Simmons Plantation, also known as the Wesley House, is a Greek Revival brick home located in Cave Spring, Georgia, United States, North America. The home was built in the 1840s, prior to the American Civil War, and was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.", "title": "William S. Simmons Plantation" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The New Mexico State Capitol, located in Santa Fe at 490 Old Santa Fe Trail, is the house of government of the U.S. state of New Mexico. It is the only round state capitol in the United States, and is known informally as ``the Roundhouse ''.", "title": "New Mexico State Capitol" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Capitol Place is a high-rise office building located in Washington, D.C., United States. The building rises to , with 12 floors.", "title": "Capitol Place" } ]	When was the capitol of the state where Crystal Springs is located built?	between 1931 and 1934	[]	Title: New Mexico State Capitol Passage: The New Mexico State Capitol, located in Santa Fe at 490 Old Santa Fe Trail, is the house of government of the U.S. state of New Mexico. It is the only round state capitol in the United States, and is known informally as ``the Roundhouse ''. Title: Bubbling Spring, West Virginia Passage: Bubbling Spring is an unincorporated community in Hampshire County in the U.S. state of West Virginia. Bubbling Spring is situated on Cacapon River Road (West Virginia Secondary Route 14) along the Cacapon River south of Capon Bridge and north of Hooks Mills. It takes its name from the Bubbling Spring on the Cacapon there. Bubbling Spring has been known as Bubbling Spring Camps, Cacapon Bubbling Spring Camps, and Crystal Spring. Title: Gallman, Mississippi Passage: Gallman is an unincorporated community in Copiah County, Mississippi, United States. Gallman is located along Interstate 55 and U.S. Route 51 south-southwest of Crystal Springs. Gallman has a post office with ZIP code 39077, which opened on November 8, 1872. Title: Siloam Springs, Arkansas Passage: Siloam Springs, Arkansas City Clockwise, from top: Gazebo in City Park, Main Street Siloam Springs, fountain in Twin Springs Park, entrance to John Brown University, Sager Creek Arts Center, fountains in Sager Creek Location of Siloam Springs in Benton County, Arkansas. Coordinates: 36 ° 11 ′ 0 ''N 94 ° 32 ′ 22'' W / 36.18333 ° N 94.53944 ° W / 36.18333; - 94.53944 Coordinates: 36 ° 11 ′ 0 ''N 94 ° 32 ′ 22'' W / 36.18333 ° N 94.53944 ° W / 36.18333; - 94.53944 Country United States State Arkansas County Benton Incorporated December 22, 1881 Government Type City Administrator Mayor John Turner Area Total 11.15 sq mi (28.87 km) Land 11.07 sq mi (28.67 km) Water 0.08 sq mi (0.20 km) Elevation 1,132 ft (345 m) Population (2010) Total 15,039 Estimate (2016) 16,448 Density 1,485.95 / sq mi (573.70 / km) Time zone Central (CST) (UTC - 6) Summer (DST) CDT (UTC - 5) ZIP code 72761 Area code (s) 479 FIPS code 05 - 64370 GNIS feature ID 0078364 Website www.siloamsprings.com Title: Valhermoso Springs, Alabama Passage: Valhermoso Springs is an unincorporated community in Morgan County, Alabama, United States. Valhermoso Springs is located on Alabama State Route 36, east-northeast of Somerville. Valhermoso Springs has a post office with ZIP code 35775. Title: Bladon Springs, Alabama Passage: Bladon Springs is an unincorporated community in Choctaw County, Alabama, United States. The community grew up around and gained its name from the mineral springs that once were operated as a renowned hotel and spa, now within the modern Bladon Springs State Park. The community itself featured many ornate homes and cottages built as summer residences by people from other parts of the state and elsewhere. Much of the community is part of the Bladon Springs Historic District, listed on the Alabama Register of Landmarks and Heritage on April 1, 1976. Title: Missouri State Capitol Passage: The Missouri State Capitol is the building that houses the legislative and executive branches of the government of the U.S. state of Missouri, as well as the Missouri General Assembly. Located in Jefferson City at 201 West Capitol Avenue, it is the third capitol in the city after the other two were demolished following a fire. The domed building was designed by the New York City architectural firm of Tracy and Swartwout and was completed in 1917. Title: Spring Creek, West Virginia Passage: Spring Creek is an unincorporated community in Greenbrier County, West Virginia, United States. Spring Creek is located on the Greenbrier River south of Falling Spring. Title: Wisconsin Veterans Museum Passage: The Wisconsin Veterans Museum, located on Capitol Square in Madison, Wisconsin, USA, is dedicated to the soldiers of the state of Wisconsin. Title: Lincoln Terrace neighborhood Passage: Lincoln Terrace is a historic and diverse neighborhood in the Eastside district of Northeast Oklahoma City, located on either side of Lincoln Blvd just south of the Oklahoma State Capitol, between NE 13th and NE 23rd streets.] Most homes in the area were built during the decade (1920–30) after the erection of the state capitol. The neighborhood has undergone a renaissance in recent years in part as a result of the expansion of the Oklahoma Medical Center complex, anchored by the University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, on its south side. Title: Hiram Charles Todd House Passage: The Hiram Charles Todd House, also known as the Marvin-Sackett-Todd House, is located on Franklin Square in Saratoga Springs, New York, United States. It is a Greek Revival house built in the 1830s by a local hotelier. Later it was home to Hiram Charles Todd, a descendant of one of the original owners who was active in New York state politics. Title: Crystal Springs Fountain Passage: The Crystal Springs Fountain is a historic roadside fountain along old U.S. Route 10 near Crystal Springs, North Dakota. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2010. It provided spring water and was a rest stop for travelers. Title: North Dakota State Capitol Passage: The disaster required the construction of a new building during the Great Depression. The tower and wing were built between 1931 and 1934, at a cost of $2 million. Ground was broken for the building by Governor George F. Shafer on August 13, 1932. Workers on the building were paid only 30 cents an hour and, after multiple worker strikes, the capitol grounds were administered by martial law in June 1933. The state sold half of the original capitol campus to defray the cost of construction. Artist Edgar Miller was brought in to do much of the interior design and decoration as well as the bas - relief sculptures on the facade which depict the rich human history of North Dakota. Title: Capitol Place Passage: Capitol Place is a high-rise office building located in Washington, D.C., United States. The building rises to , with 12 floors. Title: Colorado Springs, Colorado Passage: Colorado Springs is a home rule municipality that is the largest city by area in Colorado as well as the county seat and the most populous municipality of El Paso County, Colorado, United States. Colorado Springs is located in the east central portion of the state. It is situated on Fountain Creek and is located 60 miles (97 km) south of the Colorado State Capitol in Denver. Title: Virginia State Capitol Passage: Virginia State Capitol U.S. National Register of Historic Places U.S. National Historic Landmark Virginia Landmarks Register The Virginia State Capitol Building in June 2003. Location Richmond, Virginia, U.S. Built 1785 - 1788 Architect Thomas Jefferson; Charles - Louis Clérisseau Architectural style Early Republic, Palladian NRHP reference # 66000911 VLR # 127 - 0002 Significant dates Added to NRHP October 15, 1966 Designated NHL December 19, 1960 Designated VLR November 5, 1968 Title: Pennsylvania State Office Building Passage: Pennsylvania State Office Building is a historic office building located in the Hahnemann neighborhood of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. It was built in 1957-1958, and is an 18-story, steel frame and reinforced concrete building. It is clad in white marble exterior panels and measures 63 feet by 259 feet. Its style is reflective of the Modern movement. The building is surrounded by a group of formal concrete plazas. At one end is a black granite fountain with a double concave shape. Title: William S. Simmons Plantation Passage: The William S. Simmons Plantation, also known as the Wesley House, is a Greek Revival brick home located in Cave Spring, Georgia, United States, North America. The home was built in the 1840s, prior to the American Civil War, and was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980. Title: Memorial Fountain and Statue Passage: Memorial Fountain and Statue are a historic fountain and statue located in Memorial Square at Chambersburg in Franklin County, Pennsylvania. They were installed in 1878, and built of cast iron. The fountain basin is hexagonal and 30 feet in diameter. It features eight flower vases positioned around it. The central shaft is 26 feet high and topped by a turned finial. At the base of the shaft are four cherubs riding dolphins. Water projects from each of the dolphin's mouths. The statue is of a uniformed soldier with rifle, standing 6 feet tall. Title: Fountain Lake, Arkansas Passage: Fountain Lake is a city in Garland County, Arkansas, United States. It is part of the Hot Springs Metropolitan Statistical Area. The population was 503 at the 2010 census.	[ "Crystal Springs Fountain", "North Dakota State Capitol" ]
2hop__546183_368521	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Pequin (or piquín) pepper () is a hot chili pepper cultivar commonly used as a spice. Taxonomically, it is classified within variety \"glabriusculum\" of the species \"Capsicum annuum\".", "title": "Pequin pepper" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Bogotá (/ ˈboʊɡətɑː /, / ˌbɒɡəˈtɑː /, / ˌboʊ - /; Spanish pronunciation: (boɣoˈta) (listen)), officially Bogotá, Distrito Capital, abbreviated Bogotá, D.C., and formerly known as Santafé de Bogotá between 1991 and 2000, is the capital and largest city of Colombia, administered as the Capital District, although often thought of as part of Cundinamarca. Bogotá is a territorial entity of the first order, with the same administrative status as the departments of Colombia. It is the political, economic, administrative, industrial, artistic, cultural, and sports center of the country.", "title": "Bogotá" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Local associations of a special kind are an amalgamation of one or more Landkreise with one or more Kreisfreie Städte to form a replacement of the aforementioned administrative entities at the district level. They are intended to implement simplification of administration at that level. Typically, a district-free city or town and its urban hinterland are grouped into such an association, or Kommunalverband besonderer Art. Such an organization requires the issuing of special laws by the governing state, since they are not covered by the normal administrative structure of the respective states.", "title": "States of Germany" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Indianola is a city in Warren County, Iowa, United States, 18 miles south of Des Moines, Iowa. The population was 14,782 at the 2010 census. It is the county seat of Warren County.", "title": "Indianola, Iowa" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Gunfight at the O.K. Corral Tombstone in 1881 Date October 26, 1881 Location Tombstone, Arizona Territory, United States Participants Virgil, Morgan, and Wyatt Earp, and Doc Holliday vs. Tom and Frank McLaury, Billy and Ike Clanton, and Billy Claiborne Outcome Virgil and Morgan wounded, Holliday grazed; Tom and Frank McLaury and Billy Clanton killed Deaths", "title": "Gunfight at the O.K. Corral" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Biysky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-nine in Altai Krai, Russia. It is located in the east of the krai and borders with Zonalny, Tselinny, Soltonsky, Krasnogorsky, Sovetsky, and Smolensky Districts, as well as with the territory of the City of Biysk. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Biysk (which is not administratively a part of the district). District's population:", "title": "Biysky District" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Carmody Hills is an unincorporated community in Prince George's County in the State of Maryland in the United States of America. Because it is not formally incorporated, it has no official boundaries, but the United States Census Bureau has defined a census-designated place consisting of Carmody Hills and the adjacent community of Pepper Mill Village, together designated \"Peppermill Village\", for statistical purposes. (At the 2000 census the area was delineated as \"Carmody Hills-Pepper Mill Village\".) Carmody Hills is located on the south side of Seat Pleasant Drive and east of Seat Pleasant.", "title": "Carmody Hills, Maryland" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "A union territory is a type of administrative division in the Republic of India. Unlike states, which have their own elected governments, union territories are ruled directly by the Union Government (central government), hence the name ``union territory ''. Union territories in India qualify as federal territories, by definition.", "title": "Union territory" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Scoville heat units Peppers 800,000 to 3,200,000 Pepper X, Carolina Reaper, Dragon's Breath, Naga Morich 350,000 to 800,000 Red Savina pepper, Chocolate habanero 100,000 to 350,000 Habanero, Scotch Bonnet 10,000 to 100,000 Malagueta pepper, Cayenne pepper 1,000 to 10,000 Guajillo pepper, Jalapeño 100 to 1,000 Banana pepper, Cubanelle 0 to 100 Bell pepper, Pimento", "title": "Scoville scale" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Biblioteca Ayacucho (\"Ayacucho Library\") is an editorial entity of the government of Venezuela, founded on September 10, 1974. It is managed by the \"Fundación Biblioteca Ayacucho\". Its name, \"Ayacucho\", comes from the intention to honor the definitive and crucial Battle of Ayacucho that took place December 9, 1824 between Spain and the territories of the Americas, prior to the full independence of the continent.", "title": "Biblioteca Ayacucho" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Tom Pepper (born August 24, 1975 in Des Moines, Iowa) is a computer programmer best known for his collaboration with Justin Frankel on the invention of the Gnutella peer-to-peer system. He and Frankel co-founded Nullsoft, whose most popular program is Winamp, which was sold to AOL in May 1999. Afterwards, Pepper worked inside of AOL as the manager of SHOUTcast, an Internet streaming audio service, and wrote the software along with Stephen \"Tag\" Loomis and Frankel, before leaving in October, 2004. Pepper then worked on development at RAZZ, Inc. He continues to collaborate with Frankel on independent projects like Ninjam.", "title": "Tom Pepper" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Julius Peppers Peppers at the 2013 Pro Bowl No. 90 -- Carolina Panthers Position: Defensive end Date of birth: (1980 - 01 - 18) January 18, 1980 (age 37) Place of birth: Wilson, North Carolina Height: 6 ft 7 in (2.01 m) Weight: 295 lb (134 kg) Career information High school: Bailey (NC) Southern Nash College: North Carolina NFL Draft: 2002 / Round: 1 / Pick: 2 Career history Carolina Panthers (2002 -- 2009) Chicago Bears (2010 -- 2013) Green Bay Packers (2014 -- 2016) Carolina Panthers (2017 -- present) Roster status: Active Career highlights and awards 9 × Pro Bowl (2004 -- 2006, 2008 -- 2012, 2015) 3 × First - team All - Pro (2004, 2006, 2010) 3 × Second - team All - Pro (2008, 2009, 2012) NFL Defensive Rookie of the Year (2002) NFL 2000s All - Decade Team Chuck Bednarik Award (2001) Lombardi Award (2001) Unanimous All - American (2001) 2 × First - team All - ACC (2000, 2001) Career NFL statistics as of Week 8, 2017 Total tackles: 678 Sacks: 151.0 Pass deflections: 73 Interceptions: 11 Forced fumbles: 49 Defensive touchdowns: 6 Player stats at NFL.com", "title": "Julius Peppers" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Visa requirements for Canadian citizens are administrative entry restrictions by the authorities of other states placed on citizens of Canada. As of 1 January 2018, Canadian citizens had visa - free or visa on arrival access to 172 countries and territories, ranking the Canadian passport 6th in terms of travel freedom according to the Henley Passport Index.", "title": "Visa requirements for Canadian citizens" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In 1949, the Territory and the Territory of New Guinea were established in an administrative union by the name of the Territory of Papua and New Guinea. That administrative union was renamed as Papua New Guinea in 1971. Notwithstanding that it was part of an administrative union, the Territory of Papua at all times retained a distinct legal status and identity; it was a Possession of the Crown whereas the Territory of New Guinea was initially a League of Nations mandate territory and subsequently a United Nations trust territory. This important legal and political distinction remained until the advent of the Independent State of Papua New Guinea in 1975.", "title": "Territory of Papua" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Paea is a commune in the suburbs of Papeete in French Polynesia, an overseas territory of France in the southern Pacific Ocean. Paea is located on the island of Tahiti, in the administrative subdivision of the Windward Islands, themselves part of the Society Islands. At the 2017 census it had a population of 13,021.", "title": "Paea" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "British Togoland, officially the Mandate Territory of Togoland and later officially the Trust Territory of Togoland, was a territory in West Africa, under the administration of the United Kingdom. It was effectively formed in 1916 by the splitting of the German protectorate of Togoland into two territories, French Togoland and British Togoland, during the First World War. Initially, it was a League of Nations Class B mandate. In 1922, British Togoland was formally placed under British rule while French Togoland, now Togo, was placed under French rule.", "title": "British Togoland" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Ap Lo Chun () is a small island in the New Territories of Hong Kong. It is located in Ap Chau Bay () between Ap Chau in the east and Sai Ap Chau in the west, with the islet of Ap Tan Pai nearby in the northeast. It is under the administration of North District.", "title": "Ap Lo Chun" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Dallol is one of the woredas in the Afar Region of Ethiopia. This woreda is named for the former mining settlement of Dallol, which set the record for the hottest inhabited place on Earth, with an average temperature of 34° C. Located at the northernmost point of the Administrative Zone 2, Dallol's territory includes part of the Afar Depression. This woreda is bordered on the south by Koneba, on the west by the Tigray Region, on the north by Eritrea, and on the east and south by Berhale. Detailed information is not available for the settlements in this woreda.", "title": "Dallol (woreda)" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Khabarovsky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the seventeen in Khabarovsk Krai, Russia. It consists of two unconnected segments separated by the territory of Amursky District, which are located in the southwest of the krai. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Khabarovsk (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population:", "title": "Khabarovsky District" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Vilnius County () is the largest of the 10 counties of Lithuania, located in the east of the country around the city Vilnius. On 1 July 2010, the county administration was abolished, and since that date, Vilnius County remains as the territorial and statistical unit.", "title": "Vilnius County" } ]	What region is Tom Pepper's city of birth located?	Warren County	[]	Title: Union territory Passage: A union territory is a type of administrative division in the Republic of India. Unlike states, which have their own elected governments, union territories are ruled directly by the Union Government (central government), hence the name ``union territory ''. Union territories in India qualify as federal territories, by definition. Title: Tom Pepper Passage: Tom Pepper (born August 24, 1975 in Des Moines, Iowa) is a computer programmer best known for his collaboration with Justin Frankel on the invention of the Gnutella peer-to-peer system. He and Frankel co-founded Nullsoft, whose most popular program is Winamp, which was sold to AOL in May 1999. Afterwards, Pepper worked inside of AOL as the manager of SHOUTcast, an Internet streaming audio service, and wrote the software along with Stephen "Tag" Loomis and Frankel, before leaving in October, 2004. Pepper then worked on development at RAZZ, Inc. He continues to collaborate with Frankel on independent projects like Ninjam. Title: Biblioteca Ayacucho Passage: The Biblioteca Ayacucho ("Ayacucho Library") is an editorial entity of the government of Venezuela, founded on September 10, 1974. It is managed by the "Fundación Biblioteca Ayacucho". Its name, "Ayacucho", comes from the intention to honor the definitive and crucial Battle of Ayacucho that took place December 9, 1824 between Spain and the territories of the Americas, prior to the full independence of the continent. Title: Gunfight at the O.K. Corral Passage: Gunfight at the O.K. Corral Tombstone in 1881 Date October 26, 1881 Location Tombstone, Arizona Territory, United States Participants Virgil, Morgan, and Wyatt Earp, and Doc Holliday vs. Tom and Frank McLaury, Billy and Ike Clanton, and Billy Claiborne Outcome Virgil and Morgan wounded, Holliday grazed; Tom and Frank McLaury and Billy Clanton killed Deaths Title: Julius Peppers Passage: Julius Peppers Peppers at the 2013 Pro Bowl No. 90 -- Carolina Panthers Position: Defensive end Date of birth: (1980 - 01 - 18) January 18, 1980 (age 37) Place of birth: Wilson, North Carolina Height: 6 ft 7 in (2.01 m) Weight: 295 lb (134 kg) Career information High school: Bailey (NC) Southern Nash College: North Carolina NFL Draft: 2002 / Round: 1 / Pick: 2 Career history Carolina Panthers (2002 -- 2009) Chicago Bears (2010 -- 2013) Green Bay Packers (2014 -- 2016) Carolina Panthers (2017 -- present) Roster status: Active Career highlights and awards 9 × Pro Bowl (2004 -- 2006, 2008 -- 2012, 2015) 3 × First - team All - Pro (2004, 2006, 2010) 3 × Second - team All - Pro (2008, 2009, 2012) NFL Defensive Rookie of the Year (2002) NFL 2000s All - Decade Team Chuck Bednarik Award (2001) Lombardi Award (2001) Unanimous All - American (2001) 2 × First - team All - ACC (2000, 2001) Career NFL statistics as of Week 8, 2017 Total tackles: 678 Sacks: 151.0 Pass deflections: 73 Interceptions: 11 Forced fumbles: 49 Defensive touchdowns: 6 Player stats at NFL.com Title: Vilnius County Passage: Vilnius County () is the largest of the 10 counties of Lithuania, located in the east of the country around the city Vilnius. On 1 July 2010, the county administration was abolished, and since that date, Vilnius County remains as the territorial and statistical unit. Title: Ap Lo Chun Passage: Ap Lo Chun () is a small island in the New Territories of Hong Kong. It is located in Ap Chau Bay () between Ap Chau in the east and Sai Ap Chau in the west, with the islet of Ap Tan Pai nearby in the northeast. It is under the administration of North District. Title: Indianola, Iowa Passage: Indianola is a city in Warren County, Iowa, United States, 18 miles south of Des Moines, Iowa. The population was 14,782 at the 2010 census. It is the county seat of Warren County. Title: Khabarovsky District Passage: Khabarovsky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the seventeen in Khabarovsk Krai, Russia. It consists of two unconnected segments separated by the territory of Amursky District, which are located in the southwest of the krai. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Khabarovsk (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population: Title: British Togoland Passage: British Togoland, officially the Mandate Territory of Togoland and later officially the Trust Territory of Togoland, was a territory in West Africa, under the administration of the United Kingdom. It was effectively formed in 1916 by the splitting of the German protectorate of Togoland into two territories, French Togoland and British Togoland, during the First World War. Initially, it was a League of Nations Class B mandate. In 1922, British Togoland was formally placed under British rule while French Togoland, now Togo, was placed under French rule. Title: Dallol (woreda) Passage: Dallol is one of the woredas in the Afar Region of Ethiopia. This woreda is named for the former mining settlement of Dallol, which set the record for the hottest inhabited place on Earth, with an average temperature of 34° C. Located at the northernmost point of the Administrative Zone 2, Dallol's territory includes part of the Afar Depression. This woreda is bordered on the south by Koneba, on the west by the Tigray Region, on the north by Eritrea, and on the east and south by Berhale. Detailed information is not available for the settlements in this woreda. Title: Biysky District Passage: Biysky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-nine in Altai Krai, Russia. It is located in the east of the krai and borders with Zonalny, Tselinny, Soltonsky, Krasnogorsky, Sovetsky, and Smolensky Districts, as well as with the territory of the City of Biysk. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Biysk (which is not administratively a part of the district). District's population: Title: Paea Passage: Paea is a commune in the suburbs of Papeete in French Polynesia, an overseas territory of France in the southern Pacific Ocean. Paea is located on the island of Tahiti, in the administrative subdivision of the Windward Islands, themselves part of the Society Islands. At the 2017 census it had a population of 13,021. Title: States of Germany Passage: Local associations of a special kind are an amalgamation of one or more Landkreise with one or more Kreisfreie Städte to form a replacement of the aforementioned administrative entities at the district level. They are intended to implement simplification of administration at that level. Typically, a district-free city or town and its urban hinterland are grouped into such an association, or Kommunalverband besonderer Art. Such an organization requires the issuing of special laws by the governing state, since they are not covered by the normal administrative structure of the respective states. Title: Pequin pepper Passage: Pequin (or piquín) pepper () is a hot chili pepper cultivar commonly used as a spice. Taxonomically, it is classified within variety "glabriusculum" of the species "Capsicum annuum". Title: Territory of Papua Passage: In 1949, the Territory and the Territory of New Guinea were established in an administrative union by the name of the Territory of Papua and New Guinea. That administrative union was renamed as Papua New Guinea in 1971. Notwithstanding that it was part of an administrative union, the Territory of Papua at all times retained a distinct legal status and identity; it was a Possession of the Crown whereas the Territory of New Guinea was initially a League of Nations mandate territory and subsequently a United Nations trust territory. This important legal and political distinction remained until the advent of the Independent State of Papua New Guinea in 1975. Title: Scoville scale Passage: Scoville heat units Peppers 800,000 to 3,200,000 Pepper X, Carolina Reaper, Dragon's Breath, Naga Morich 350,000 to 800,000 Red Savina pepper, Chocolate habanero 100,000 to 350,000 Habanero, Scotch Bonnet 10,000 to 100,000 Malagueta pepper, Cayenne pepper 1,000 to 10,000 Guajillo pepper, Jalapeño 100 to 1,000 Banana pepper, Cubanelle 0 to 100 Bell pepper, Pimento Title: Bogotá Passage: Bogotá (/ ˈboʊɡətɑː /, / ˌbɒɡəˈtɑː /, / ˌboʊ - /; Spanish pronunciation: (boɣoˈta) (listen)), officially Bogotá, Distrito Capital, abbreviated Bogotá, D.C., and formerly known as Santafé de Bogotá between 1991 and 2000, is the capital and largest city of Colombia, administered as the Capital District, although often thought of as part of Cundinamarca. Bogotá is a territorial entity of the first order, with the same administrative status as the departments of Colombia. It is the political, economic, administrative, industrial, artistic, cultural, and sports center of the country. Title: Visa requirements for Canadian citizens Passage: Visa requirements for Canadian citizens are administrative entry restrictions by the authorities of other states placed on citizens of Canada. As of 1 January 2018, Canadian citizens had visa - free or visa on arrival access to 172 countries and territories, ranking the Canadian passport 6th in terms of travel freedom according to the Henley Passport Index. Title: Carmody Hills, Maryland Passage: Carmody Hills is an unincorporated community in Prince George's County in the State of Maryland in the United States of America. Because it is not formally incorporated, it has no official boundaries, but the United States Census Bureau has defined a census-designated place consisting of Carmody Hills and the adjacent community of Pepper Mill Village, together designated "Peppermill Village", for statistical purposes. (At the 2000 census the area was delineated as "Carmody Hills-Pepper Mill Village".) Carmody Hills is located on the south side of Seat Pleasant Drive and east of Seat Pleasant.	[ "Indianola, Iowa", "Tom Pepper" ]
3hop1__5639_374149_23358	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Germany and the Soviet Union entered an intricate trade pact on February 11, 1940, that was over four times larger than the one the two countries had signed in August 1939. The trade pact helped Germany to surmount a British blockade of Germany. In the first year, Germany received one million tons of cereals, half a million tons of wheat, 900,000 tons of oil, 100,000 tons of cotton, 500,000 tons of phosphates and considerable amounts of other vital raw materials, along with the transit of one million tons of soybeans from Manchuria.[citation needed] These and other supplies were being transported through Soviet and occupied Polish territories. The Soviets were to receive a naval cruiser, the plans to the battleship Bismarck, heavy naval guns, other naval gear and thirty of Germany's latest warplanes, including the Me-109 and Me-110 fighters and Ju-88 bomber. The Soviets would also receive oil and electric equipment, locomotives, turbines, generators, diesel engines, ships, machine tools and samples of German artillery, tanks, explosives, chemical-warfare equipment and other items.", "title": "Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Karachay Autonomous Oblast was an autonomous oblast in the Soviet Union created on 26 April 1926. It was formed by the split of the Karachay-Cherkess Autonomous Oblast in 1926, creating Karachay and Cherkess Autonomous Oblast. Karachay Autonomous Oblast was dissolved during World War II, when the Karachay people were exiled to Central Asia for their alleged collaboration with the Germans. During this time, part of the territory was incorporated into the Georgian SSR. In 1957 it and the Cherkess Autonomous Oblast merged to reinstate the Karachay-Cherkess Autonomous Oblast.", "title": "Karachay Autonomous Oblast" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "On December 30, 1922, the First Congress of the Soviets of the USSR approved the Treaty on the Creation of the USSR, by which Russia was united with the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic, Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic, and Transcaucasian Soviet Federal Socialist Republic into a single federal state, the Soviet Union. Later treaty was included in the 1924 Soviet Constitution,[clarification needed] adopted on January 31, 1924 by the Second Congress of Soviets of the USSR.", "title": "Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In 1924, the Tajik Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic was created as a part of Uzbekistan, but in 1929 the Tajik Soviet Socialist Republic (Tajik SSR) was made a separate constituent republic, however the predominantly ethnic Tajik cities of Samarkand and Bukhara remained in the Uzbek SSR. Between 1927 and 1934, collectivization of agriculture and a rapid expansion of cotton production took place, especially in the southern region. Soviet collectivization policy brought violence against peasants and forced resettlement occurred throughout Tajikistan. Consequently, some peasants fought collectivization and revived the Basmachi movement. Some small scale industrial development also occurred during this time along with the expansion of irrigation infrastructure.", "title": "Tajikistan" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Cherepovets Governorate (, \"Cherepovetskaya guberniya\") was a governorate (\"guberniya\") of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic from 1918 to 1927. Its seat was in the city of Cherepovets. The governorate was located in the North of European Russia, and its territory is currently divided between Vologda, Novgorod, and Leningrad Oblasts.", "title": "Cherepovets Governorate" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Workers' and Peasants' Red Army, frequently shortened to Red Army, was the army and the air force of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic and, after 1922, the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. The army was established immediately after the 1917 October Revolution. The Bolsheviks raised an army to oppose the military confederations (especially the various groups collectively known as the White Army) of their adversaries during the Russian Civil War. Beginning in February 1946, the Red Army, along with the Soviet Navy, embodied the main component of the Soviet Armed Forces; taking the official name of \"Soviet Army\", until its dissolution in December 1991. The former official name \"Red Army\" continued to be used as a nickname by both sides throughout the Cold War.", "title": "Red Army" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "On December 30, 1922, with the creation of the Soviet Union, Russia became one of six republics within the federation of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. The final Soviet name for the republic, the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, was adopted in the Soviet Constitution of 1936. By that time, Soviet Russia had gained roughly the same borders of the old Tsardom of Russia before the Great Northern War of 1700.", "title": "Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Molotov -- Ribbentrop Pact, also known as the Nazi -- Soviet Pact, the German -- Soviet Non-aggression Pact or the Nazi German - Soviet Pact of Aggression (officially: Treaty of Non-aggression between Germany and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics), was a neutrality pact between Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union signed in Moscow on 23 August 1939 by foreign ministers Joachim von Ribbentrop and Vyacheslav Molotov, respectively. The pact was followed by the German - Soviet Commercial Agreement in February 1940.", "title": "Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (Russian SFSR or RSFSR; Russian: Российская Советская Федеративная Социалистическая Республика, tr. Rossiyskaya Sovetskaya Federativnaya Sotsialisticheskaya Respublika listen (help·info)) commonly referred to as Soviet Russia or simply as Russia, was a sovereign state in 1917–22, the largest, most populous, and most economically developed republic of the Soviet Union in 1922–91 and a sovereign part of the Soviet Union with its own legislation in 1990–91. The Republic comprised sixteen autonomous republics, five autonomous oblasts, ten autonomous okrugs, six krais, and forty oblasts. Russians formed the largest ethnic group. To the west it bordered Finland, Norway and Poland; and to the south, China, Mongolia and North Korea whilst bordering the Arctic Ocean to the north, the Pacific Ocean to the east and the Black sea and Caspian Sea to the south. Within the USSR, it bordered the Baltic republics (Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia), the Byelorussian SSR and the Ukrainian SSR to the west. To the south it bordered the Georgian, Azerbaijan and Kazakh SSRs.", "title": "Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Presidium of the Supreme Soviet () was a Soviet governmental institution – a permanent body of the Supreme Soviets (parliaments). This body was of the all-Union level (Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union), as well as in all Soviet republics (e.g., Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Byelorussian SSR) and autonomous republics. Structure and functions of the presidiums in these republics were virtually identical. The presidiums were elected by the Supreme Soviet to act on its behalf while the Supreme Soviet was not in session. By the 1936 and 1977 Soviet Constitution the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet served as the collective head of state of the USSR.", "title": "Presidium of the Supreme Soviet" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "On January 25, 1918 the third meeting of the All-Russian Congress of Soviets renamed the unrecognized state the Soviet Russian Republic. The Treaty of Brest-Litovsk was signed on March 3, 1918, giving away much of the land of the former Russian Empire to Germany in exchange for peace during the rest of World War I. On July 10, 1918, the Russian Constitution of 1918 renamed the country the Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic. By 1918, during the Russian Civil War, several states within the former Russian Empire seceded, reducing the size of the country even more.", "title": "Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "On January 9, 1957, Karachay Autonomous Oblast and Chechen-Ingush Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic were restored by Khrushchev and they were transferred from the Georgian SSR back to the Russian SFSR.", "title": "Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "On 10 January 1941, Germany and the Soviet Union signed an agreement settling several ongoing issues. Secret protocols in the new agreement modified the \"Secret Additional Protocols\" of the German–Soviet Boundary and Friendship Treaty, ceding the Lithuanian Strip to the Soviet Union in exchange for 7.5 million dollars (31.5 million Reichsmark). The agreement formally set the border between Germany and the Soviet Union between the Igorka river and the Baltic Sea. It also extended trade regulation of the 1940 German–Soviet Commercial Agreement until August 1, 1942, increased deliveries above the levels of year one of that agreement, settled trading rights in the Baltics and Bessarabia, calculated the compensation for German property interests in the Baltic States now occupied by the Soviets and other issues. It also covered the migration to Germany within two and a half months of ethnic Germans and German citizens in Soviet-held Baltic territories, and the migration to the Soviet Union of Baltic and \"White Russian\" \"nationals\" in German-held territories.", "title": "Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Taras Shevchenko Transnistria State University () is the main university located in Tiraspol, the capital of Transnistria. The original university in Tiraspol was founded in 1930 as the Institute of public education in the Moldavian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic, then being a constituent part of the Ukrainian SSR.", "title": "Shevchenko Transnistria State University" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Lithuanian Soviet Socialist Republic (Lithuanian SSR; Lithuanian: Lietuvos Tarybų Socialistinė Respublika; Russian: Литовская Советская Социалистическая Республика, Litovskaya Sovetskaya Sotsialisticheskaya Respublika), also known as Soviet Lithuania or Lithuania was a republic of the Soviet Union. It existed from 1940 to 1990.", "title": "Lithuanian Soviet Socialist Republic" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Vassili Nesterenko (sometimes romanized as Vasilii) was born in Krasny Kut Village, Antratsyt Raion, Luhansk Oblast, Ukrainian Soviet Socialistic Republic (now Ukraine). He had a diploma from the Bauman Moscow State Technical University. In 1972 Nesterenko was elected a corresponding member of Academy of Sciences of Byelorussian Soviet Socialistic Republic in the field of Nuclear Power Plants. He worked on the consequences of the Chernobyl disaster.", "title": "Vassili Nesterenko" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic (shortly: Moldavian SSR, abbr.: MSSR; Romanian: Republica Sovietică Socialistă Moldovenească, in Cyrillic alphabet: Република Советикэ Сочиалистэ Молдовеняскэ; Russian: Молда́вская Сове́тская Социалисти́ческая Респу́блика Moldavskaya Sovetskaya Sotsialisticheskaya Respublika), also known to as Soviet Moldavia or Soviet Moldova, was one of the fifteen republics of the Soviet Union existed from 1940 to 1991. The republic was formed on 2 August 1940 from parts of Bessarabia, a region annexed from Romania on 28 June of that year, and parts of the MASSR, an autonomous republic within the Ukrainian SSR.", "title": "Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The first five - year plan (Russian: I пятилетний план, первая пятилетка) of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) was a list of economic goals, created by General Secretary Joseph Stalin and based on his policy of Socialism in One Country. It was implemented between 1928 and 1932.", "title": "First five-year plan" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Far Eastern Republic (), sometimes called the Chita Republic, was a nominally independent state that existed from April 1920 to November 1922 in the easternmost part of the Russian Far East. Although theoretically independent, it largely came under the control of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR), which envisaged it as a buffer state between the RSFSR and the territories occupied by Japan during the Russian Civil War of 1917-1922. Its first president was Alexander Krasnoshchyokov.", "title": "Far Eastern Republic" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "With an area of 2,700,000 square kilometres (1,000,000 sq mi) – equivalent in size to Western Europe – Kazakhstan is the ninth-largest country and largest landlocked country in the world. While it was part of the Soviet Union, Kazakhstan lost some of its territory to China's Xinjiang autonomous region and some to Uzbekistan's Karakalpakstan autonomous republic.", "title": "Kazakhstan" } ]	What was the trade route between german and the country where the territory that was transferred along with the Chechen-Ingush Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic is located?	occupied Polish territories	[]	Title: Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic Passage: On December 30, 1922, with the creation of the Soviet Union, Russia became one of six republics within the federation of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. The final Soviet name for the republic, the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, was adopted in the Soviet Constitution of 1936. By that time, Soviet Russia had gained roughly the same borders of the old Tsardom of Russia before the Great Northern War of 1700. Title: Shevchenko Transnistria State University Passage: Taras Shevchenko Transnistria State University () is the main university located in Tiraspol, the capital of Transnistria. The original university in Tiraspol was founded in 1930 as the Institute of public education in the Moldavian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic, then being a constituent part of the Ukrainian SSR. Title: Cherepovets Governorate Passage: Cherepovets Governorate (, "Cherepovetskaya guberniya") was a governorate ("guberniya") of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic from 1918 to 1927. Its seat was in the city of Cherepovets. The governorate was located in the North of European Russia, and its territory is currently divided between Vologda, Novgorod, and Leningrad Oblasts. Title: Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic Passage: On January 25, 1918 the third meeting of the All-Russian Congress of Soviets renamed the unrecognized state the Soviet Russian Republic. The Treaty of Brest-Litovsk was signed on March 3, 1918, giving away much of the land of the former Russian Empire to Germany in exchange for peace during the rest of World War I. On July 10, 1918, the Russian Constitution of 1918 renamed the country the Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic. By 1918, during the Russian Civil War, several states within the former Russian Empire seceded, reducing the size of the country even more. Title: Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic Passage: On December 30, 1922, the First Congress of the Soviets of the USSR approved the Treaty on the Creation of the USSR, by which Russia was united with the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic, Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic, and Transcaucasian Soviet Federal Socialist Republic into a single federal state, the Soviet Union. Later treaty was included in the 1924 Soviet Constitution,[clarification needed] adopted on January 31, 1924 by the Second Congress of Soviets of the USSR. Title: First five-year plan Passage: The first five - year plan (Russian: I пятилетний план, первая пятилетка) of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) was a list of economic goals, created by General Secretary Joseph Stalin and based on his policy of Socialism in One Country. It was implemented between 1928 and 1932. Title: Lithuanian Soviet Socialist Republic Passage: The Lithuanian Soviet Socialist Republic (Lithuanian SSR; Lithuanian: Lietuvos Tarybų Socialistinė Respublika; Russian: Литовская Советская Социалистическая Республика, Litovskaya Sovetskaya Sotsialisticheskaya Respublika), also known as Soviet Lithuania or Lithuania was a republic of the Soviet Union. It existed from 1940 to 1990. Title: Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic Passage: Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic (shortly: Moldavian SSR, abbr.: MSSR; Romanian: Republica Sovietică Socialistă Moldovenească, in Cyrillic alphabet: Република Советикэ Сочиалистэ Молдовеняскэ; Russian: Молда́вская Сове́тская Социалисти́ческая Респу́блика Moldavskaya Sovetskaya Sotsialisticheskaya Respublika), also known to as Soviet Moldavia or Soviet Moldova, was one of the fifteen republics of the Soviet Union existed from 1940 to 1991. The republic was formed on 2 August 1940 from parts of Bessarabia, a region annexed from Romania on 28 June of that year, and parts of the MASSR, an autonomous republic within the Ukrainian SSR. Title: Vassili Nesterenko Passage: Vassili Nesterenko (sometimes romanized as Vasilii) was born in Krasny Kut Village, Antratsyt Raion, Luhansk Oblast, Ukrainian Soviet Socialistic Republic (now Ukraine). He had a diploma from the Bauman Moscow State Technical University. In 1972 Nesterenko was elected a corresponding member of Academy of Sciences of Byelorussian Soviet Socialistic Republic in the field of Nuclear Power Plants. He worked on the consequences of the Chernobyl disaster. Title: Tajikistan Passage: In 1924, the Tajik Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic was created as a part of Uzbekistan, but in 1929 the Tajik Soviet Socialist Republic (Tajik SSR) was made a separate constituent republic, however the predominantly ethnic Tajik cities of Samarkand and Bukhara remained in the Uzbek SSR. Between 1927 and 1934, collectivization of agriculture and a rapid expansion of cotton production took place, especially in the southern region. Soviet collectivization policy brought violence against peasants and forced resettlement occurred throughout Tajikistan. Consequently, some peasants fought collectivization and revived the Basmachi movement. Some small scale industrial development also occurred during this time along with the expansion of irrigation infrastructure. Title: Far Eastern Republic Passage: The Far Eastern Republic (), sometimes called the Chita Republic, was a nominally independent state that existed from April 1920 to November 1922 in the easternmost part of the Russian Far East. Although theoretically independent, it largely came under the control of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR), which envisaged it as a buffer state between the RSFSR and the territories occupied by Japan during the Russian Civil War of 1917-1922. Its first president was Alexander Krasnoshchyokov. Title: Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact Passage: Germany and the Soviet Union entered an intricate trade pact on February 11, 1940, that was over four times larger than the one the two countries had signed in August 1939. The trade pact helped Germany to surmount a British blockade of Germany. In the first year, Germany received one million tons of cereals, half a million tons of wheat, 900,000 tons of oil, 100,000 tons of cotton, 500,000 tons of phosphates and considerable amounts of other vital raw materials, along with the transit of one million tons of soybeans from Manchuria.[citation needed] These and other supplies were being transported through Soviet and occupied Polish territories. The Soviets were to receive a naval cruiser, the plans to the battleship Bismarck, heavy naval guns, other naval gear and thirty of Germany's latest warplanes, including the Me-109 and Me-110 fighters and Ju-88 bomber. The Soviets would also receive oil and electric equipment, locomotives, turbines, generators, diesel engines, ships, machine tools and samples of German artillery, tanks, explosives, chemical-warfare equipment and other items. Title: Karachay Autonomous Oblast Passage: Karachay Autonomous Oblast was an autonomous oblast in the Soviet Union created on 26 April 1926. It was formed by the split of the Karachay-Cherkess Autonomous Oblast in 1926, creating Karachay and Cherkess Autonomous Oblast. Karachay Autonomous Oblast was dissolved during World War II, when the Karachay people were exiled to Central Asia for their alleged collaboration with the Germans. During this time, part of the territory was incorporated into the Georgian SSR. In 1957 it and the Cherkess Autonomous Oblast merged to reinstate the Karachay-Cherkess Autonomous Oblast. Title: Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic Passage: On January 9, 1957, Karachay Autonomous Oblast and Chechen-Ingush Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic were restored by Khrushchev and they were transferred from the Georgian SSR back to the Russian SFSR. Title: Kazakhstan Passage: With an area of 2,700,000 square kilometres (1,000,000 sq mi) – equivalent in size to Western Europe – Kazakhstan is the ninth-largest country and largest landlocked country in the world. While it was part of the Soviet Union, Kazakhstan lost some of its territory to China's Xinjiang autonomous region and some to Uzbekistan's Karakalpakstan autonomous republic. Title: Red Army Passage: The Workers' and Peasants' Red Army, frequently shortened to Red Army, was the army and the air force of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic and, after 1922, the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. The army was established immediately after the 1917 October Revolution. The Bolsheviks raised an army to oppose the military confederations (especially the various groups collectively known as the White Army) of their adversaries during the Russian Civil War. Beginning in February 1946, the Red Army, along with the Soviet Navy, embodied the main component of the Soviet Armed Forces; taking the official name of "Soviet Army", until its dissolution in December 1991. The former official name "Red Army" continued to be used as a nickname by both sides throughout the Cold War. Title: Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact Passage: On 10 January 1941, Germany and the Soviet Union signed an agreement settling several ongoing issues. Secret protocols in the new agreement modified the "Secret Additional Protocols" of the German–Soviet Boundary and Friendship Treaty, ceding the Lithuanian Strip to the Soviet Union in exchange for 7.5 million dollars (31.5 million Reichsmark). The agreement formally set the border between Germany and the Soviet Union between the Igorka river and the Baltic Sea. It also extended trade regulation of the 1940 German–Soviet Commercial Agreement until August 1, 1942, increased deliveries above the levels of year one of that agreement, settled trading rights in the Baltics and Bessarabia, calculated the compensation for German property interests in the Baltic States now occupied by the Soviets and other issues. It also covered the migration to Germany within two and a half months of ethnic Germans and German citizens in Soviet-held Baltic territories, and the migration to the Soviet Union of Baltic and "White Russian" "nationals" in German-held territories. Title: Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic Passage: The Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (Russian SFSR or RSFSR; Russian: Российская Советская Федеративная Социалистическая Республика, tr. Rossiyskaya Sovetskaya Federativnaya Sotsialisticheskaya Respublika listen (help·info)) commonly referred to as Soviet Russia or simply as Russia, was a sovereign state in 1917–22, the largest, most populous, and most economically developed republic of the Soviet Union in 1922–91 and a sovereign part of the Soviet Union with its own legislation in 1990–91. The Republic comprised sixteen autonomous republics, five autonomous oblasts, ten autonomous okrugs, six krais, and forty oblasts. Russians formed the largest ethnic group. To the west it bordered Finland, Norway and Poland; and to the south, China, Mongolia and North Korea whilst bordering the Arctic Ocean to the north, the Pacific Ocean to the east and the Black sea and Caspian Sea to the south. Within the USSR, it bordered the Baltic republics (Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia), the Byelorussian SSR and the Ukrainian SSR to the west. To the south it bordered the Georgian, Azerbaijan and Kazakh SSRs. Title: Presidium of the Supreme Soviet Passage: The Presidium of the Supreme Soviet () was a Soviet governmental institution – a permanent body of the Supreme Soviets (parliaments). This body was of the all-Union level (Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union), as well as in all Soviet republics (e.g., Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Byelorussian SSR) and autonomous republics. Structure and functions of the presidiums in these republics were virtually identical. The presidiums were elected by the Supreme Soviet to act on its behalf while the Supreme Soviet was not in session. By the 1936 and 1977 Soviet Constitution the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet served as the collective head of state of the USSR. Title: Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact Passage: The Molotov -- Ribbentrop Pact, also known as the Nazi -- Soviet Pact, the German -- Soviet Non-aggression Pact or the Nazi German - Soviet Pact of Aggression (officially: Treaty of Non-aggression between Germany and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics), was a neutrality pact between Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union signed in Moscow on 23 August 1939 by foreign ministers Joachim von Ribbentrop and Vyacheslav Molotov, respectively. The pact was followed by the German - Soviet Commercial Agreement in February 1940.	[ "Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact", "Karachay Autonomous Oblast", "Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic" ]
2hop__299677_36340	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Keetmanshoop Airport is an airport serving Keetmanshoop, a city in the ǁKaras Region of Namibia. The airport is located about northwest of the town. It has customs and immigration services and is home to the Namibia Aviation Training Academy (NATA).", "title": "Keetmanshoop Airport" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Katutura Central is a constituency in the Khomas Region of Namibia, comprising the extensions 2-5 and 7-11 of the suburb Katutura. In 2010 its population was 21,243. Katutura is a township within Windhoek that was founded by the then apartheid government of Namibia for black people in the 1950s, when the previous township, Old Location, was converted into the suburb Hochland Park.", "title": "Katutura Central" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Grand Hotel Kempinski High Tatras is a five-star hotel operated by Kempinski Hotels S.A. located on the shores of Štrbské pleso (\"Tschirmer See\") in High Tatras, Slovakia.", "title": "Grand Hotel Kempinski High Tatras" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Dimeling Hotel is a historic hotel located in Clearfield, Pennsylvania, United States. The seven-story, 120-room hotel, located across from the Clearfield County Courthouse, was designed by Louis Beezer and Michael J. Beezer of Beezer Brothers, a Seattle-based architectural firm, and constructed in 1904-1905. The hotel ceased operating in 1977.", "title": "Dimeling Hotel" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Cherating is a beach town in Pahang, Malaysia, located about 47 km north of Kuantan. Popular tourist attractions are the beaches along the Chendor Beach with many hotels and resorts. Cherating is also the location of Asia’s first Club Mediterranee (\"Club Med\").", "title": "Cherating" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Hotel Brussels is a four-star hotel, located in the Avenue Louise district of Brussels, Belgium, and owned and managed by the Swedish hotel group Pandox AB.", "title": "The Hotel Brussels" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Stefan Ludik (born April 5, 1981) is a Namibian musician, television personality, actor, and former cricketer from Windhoek City. He was the first contestant to represent Namibia in the reality television program \"Big Brother Africa\". He is now a popular Afrikaans singer and actor.", "title": "Stefan Ludik" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Mobile Telecommunications Limited (MTC) is a mobile telecommunications company in Namibia providing cellular access. It is the largest mobile operator in Namibia with over two million active subscribers. MTC was established in 1994 and was the only cellular provider in Namibia at that time. Today its competitors in Namibia are TN Mobile and Telecom.", "title": "MTC Namibia" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Inline hockey was first played in 1995 and has also become more and more popular in the last years. The Women's inline hockey National Team participated in the 2008 FIRS World Championships. Namibia is the home for one of the toughest footraces in the world, the Namibian ultra marathon. The most famous athlete from Namibia is Frankie Fredericks, sprinter (100 and 200 m). He won four Olympic silver medals (1992, 1996) and also has medals from several World Athletics Championships. He is also known for humanitarian activities in Namibia and beyond.", "title": "Namibia" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Gross Barmen (German: Groß Barmen) is a historic settlement and a recreational spa in central Namibia, North of Windhoek. It is situated on the District Road 1972, 25 km south-east of Okahandja in the Otjozondjupa Region. Its close proximity to the capital Windhoek makes it a popular weekend destination for locals.", "title": "Gross Barmen" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Meat Corporation of Namibia, locally known as MeatCo, is a meat processing company headquartered in Windhoek, the capital of Namibia. It is the largest exporter of prime beef in Namibia.", "title": "Meat Corporation of Namibia" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Erbil International Hotel is a luxurious hotel based in Erbil, the capital of the Kurdistan Region, northern Iraq. The hotel was constructed and completed in 2004 and is since then the first 5-star hotel in Kurdistan and Iraq by western standards. The hotel is located at the 30 Meter Street, 2 kilometers from the historical citadel of Erbil. The hotel has a good connection to Erbil International Airport by having an Airport Transfer service.", "title": "Erbil International Hotel" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Humble Oil Building, is a historic office building, designed in the Italian Renaissance architecture style, located at 1212 Main Street in Houston, Texas and listed on the National Register of Historic Places. It was constructed by Humble Oil and Refining Company in 1921. The tower section was added on to the building in 1936. The building complex served as the company headquarters for Humble Oil and Refining Company from 1921 until 1963, when the company moved into what is now the ExxonMobil Building at 800 Bell Street. In 2003, the building complex was renovated for use as a combination hotel and apartments, the apartment section was converted to additional hotel rooms in 2015.", "title": "Humble Oil Building" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Accord Metropolitan is a five-star hotel in Chennai, India. Located on G.N. Chetty Road in T.Nagar, the hotel was initially opened as Trader's Hotel. The hotel was built at a cost of 1,00crores.", "title": "Accord Metropolitan" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Simataa Secondary School is a school in the Caprivi Region of Namibia. It is situated near the headquarters of the Mafwe traditional authority in Chinchimane, some 70 km south of Katima Mulilo. Patron of the school is Deputy Minister of Information and Communication Technology, Stanley Simataa.", "title": "Simataa Secondary School" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Randolph Hotel or Hotel Randolph is a nine-story hotel located in Des Moines, Iowa, United States. This hotel was designed and built by the H.L. Stevens & Company in 1911. It rents rooms for a weekly rate. Most guests are considered long term, meaning they stay for more than thirty consecutive days. The Randolph Hotel is located on the corner of Fourth Street and Court Avenue downtown, along the historic Court Avenue strip.", "title": "Randolph Hotel (Des Moines, Iowa)" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Embassy of Namibia in Washington, D.C. is the Republic of Namibia's diplomatic mission to the United States. It's located at 1605 New Hampshire Avenue, Northwest, Washington, D.C., in the Dupont Circle neighborhood.", "title": "Embassy of Namibia in Washington, D.C." }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Hotel Majestic is the historical hotel in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. This hotel is located near Kuala Lumpur Railway Station and is part of the Autograph Collection.", "title": "Hotel Majestic (Kuala Lumpur)" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The W Barcelona Hotel, popularly known as the \"Hotel Vela\" (\"Sail Hotel\") due to its shape, is a building designed by Ricardo Bofill is located in the Barceloneta district of Barcelona, in the expansion of the Port of Barcelona. The hotel is managed by Starwood Hotels and Resorts hotel chain and marketed under the brand W Hotels.", "title": "W Barcelona" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The capital city of Windhoek plays a very important role in Namibia's tourism due to its central location and close proximity to Hosea Kutako International Airport. According to The Namibia Tourism Exit Survey, which was produced by the Millennium Challenge Corporation for the Namibian Directorate of Tourism, 56% of all tourists visiting Namibia during the time period, 2012 - 2013, visited Windhoek. Many of Namibia's tourism related parastatals and governing bodies such as Namibia Wildlife Resorts, Air Namibia and the Namibia Tourism Board as well as Namibia's tourism related trade associations such as the Hospitality Association of Namibia are also all headquartered in Windhoek. There are also a number of notable hotels in Windhoek such as Windhoek Country Club Resort and some international hotel chains also operate in Windhoek, such as Avani Hotels and Resorts and Hilton Hotels and Resorts.", "title": "Namibia" } ]	What is the most popular hotel in the city where MeatCo Namibia is headquartered?	Windhoek Country Club Resort	[]	Title: Keetmanshoop Airport Passage: Keetmanshoop Airport is an airport serving Keetmanshoop, a city in the ǁKaras Region of Namibia. The airport is located about northwest of the town. It has customs and immigration services and is home to the Namibia Aviation Training Academy (NATA). Title: Embassy of Namibia in Washington, D.C. Passage: The Embassy of Namibia in Washington, D.C. is the Republic of Namibia's diplomatic mission to the United States. It's located at 1605 New Hampshire Avenue, Northwest, Washington, D.C., in the Dupont Circle neighborhood. Title: Gross Barmen Passage: Gross Barmen (German: Groß Barmen) is a historic settlement and a recreational spa in central Namibia, North of Windhoek. It is situated on the District Road 1972, 25 km south-east of Okahandja in the Otjozondjupa Region. Its close proximity to the capital Windhoek makes it a popular weekend destination for locals. Title: Katutura Central Passage: Katutura Central is a constituency in the Khomas Region of Namibia, comprising the extensions 2-5 and 7-11 of the suburb Katutura. In 2010 its population was 21,243. Katutura is a township within Windhoek that was founded by the then apartheid government of Namibia for black people in the 1950s, when the previous township, Old Location, was converted into the suburb Hochland Park. Title: Accord Metropolitan Passage: Accord Metropolitan is a five-star hotel in Chennai, India. Located on G.N. Chetty Road in T.Nagar, the hotel was initially opened as Trader's Hotel. The hotel was built at a cost of 1,00crores. Title: The Hotel Brussels Passage: The Hotel Brussels is a four-star hotel, located in the Avenue Louise district of Brussels, Belgium, and owned and managed by the Swedish hotel group Pandox AB. Title: Erbil International Hotel Passage: The Erbil International Hotel is a luxurious hotel based in Erbil, the capital of the Kurdistan Region, northern Iraq. The hotel was constructed and completed in 2004 and is since then the first 5-star hotel in Kurdistan and Iraq by western standards. The hotel is located at the 30 Meter Street, 2 kilometers from the historical citadel of Erbil. The hotel has a good connection to Erbil International Airport by having an Airport Transfer service. Title: Simataa Secondary School Passage: Simataa Secondary School is a school in the Caprivi Region of Namibia. It is situated near the headquarters of the Mafwe traditional authority in Chinchimane, some 70 km south of Katima Mulilo. Patron of the school is Deputy Minister of Information and Communication Technology, Stanley Simataa. Title: Randolph Hotel (Des Moines, Iowa) Passage: The Randolph Hotel or Hotel Randolph is a nine-story hotel located in Des Moines, Iowa, United States. This hotel was designed and built by the H.L. Stevens & Company in 1911. It rents rooms for a weekly rate. Most guests are considered long term, meaning they stay for more than thirty consecutive days. The Randolph Hotel is located on the corner of Fourth Street and Court Avenue downtown, along the historic Court Avenue strip. Title: Dimeling Hotel Passage: Dimeling Hotel is a historic hotel located in Clearfield, Pennsylvania, United States. The seven-story, 120-room hotel, located across from the Clearfield County Courthouse, was designed by Louis Beezer and Michael J. Beezer of Beezer Brothers, a Seattle-based architectural firm, and constructed in 1904-1905. The hotel ceased operating in 1977. Title: Hotel Majestic (Kuala Lumpur) Passage: Hotel Majestic is the historical hotel in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. This hotel is located near Kuala Lumpur Railway Station and is part of the Autograph Collection. Title: W Barcelona Passage: The W Barcelona Hotel, popularly known as the "Hotel Vela" ("Sail Hotel") due to its shape, is a building designed by Ricardo Bofill is located in the Barceloneta district of Barcelona, in the expansion of the Port of Barcelona. The hotel is managed by Starwood Hotels and Resorts hotel chain and marketed under the brand W Hotels. Title: MTC Namibia Passage: Mobile Telecommunications Limited (MTC) is a mobile telecommunications company in Namibia providing cellular access. It is the largest mobile operator in Namibia with over two million active subscribers. MTC was established in 1994 and was the only cellular provider in Namibia at that time. Today its competitors in Namibia are TN Mobile and Telecom. Title: Meat Corporation of Namibia Passage: Meat Corporation of Namibia, locally known as MeatCo, is a meat processing company headquartered in Windhoek, the capital of Namibia. It is the largest exporter of prime beef in Namibia. Title: Stefan Ludik Passage: Stefan Ludik (born April 5, 1981) is a Namibian musician, television personality, actor, and former cricketer from Windhoek City. He was the first contestant to represent Namibia in the reality television program "Big Brother Africa". He is now a popular Afrikaans singer and actor. Title: Namibia Passage: Inline hockey was first played in 1995 and has also become more and more popular in the last years. The Women's inline hockey National Team participated in the 2008 FIRS World Championships. Namibia is the home for one of the toughest footraces in the world, the Namibian ultra marathon. The most famous athlete from Namibia is Frankie Fredericks, sprinter (100 and 200 m). He won four Olympic silver medals (1992, 1996) and also has medals from several World Athletics Championships. He is also known for humanitarian activities in Namibia and beyond. Title: Namibia Passage: The capital city of Windhoek plays a very important role in Namibia's tourism due to its central location and close proximity to Hosea Kutako International Airport. According to The Namibia Tourism Exit Survey, which was produced by the Millennium Challenge Corporation for the Namibian Directorate of Tourism, 56% of all tourists visiting Namibia during the time period, 2012 - 2013, visited Windhoek. Many of Namibia's tourism related parastatals and governing bodies such as Namibia Wildlife Resorts, Air Namibia and the Namibia Tourism Board as well as Namibia's tourism related trade associations such as the Hospitality Association of Namibia are also all headquartered in Windhoek. There are also a number of notable hotels in Windhoek such as Windhoek Country Club Resort and some international hotel chains also operate in Windhoek, such as Avani Hotels and Resorts and Hilton Hotels and Resorts. Title: Cherating Passage: Cherating is a beach town in Pahang, Malaysia, located about 47 km north of Kuantan. Popular tourist attractions are the beaches along the Chendor Beach with many hotels and resorts. Cherating is also the location of Asia’s first Club Mediterranee ("Club Med"). Title: Humble Oil Building Passage: The Humble Oil Building, is a historic office building, designed in the Italian Renaissance architecture style, located at 1212 Main Street in Houston, Texas and listed on the National Register of Historic Places. It was constructed by Humble Oil and Refining Company in 1921. The tower section was added on to the building in 1936. The building complex served as the company headquarters for Humble Oil and Refining Company from 1921 until 1963, when the company moved into what is now the ExxonMobil Building at 800 Bell Street. In 2003, the building complex was renovated for use as a combination hotel and apartments, the apartment section was converted to additional hotel rooms in 2015. Title: Grand Hotel Kempinski High Tatras Passage: The Grand Hotel Kempinski High Tatras is a five-star hotel operated by Kempinski Hotels S.A. located on the shores of Štrbské pleso ("Tschirmer See") in High Tatras, Slovakia.	[ "Meat Corporation of Namibia", "Namibia" ]
2hop__335338_10366	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Dominican Independence War gave the Dominican Republic autonomy from Haiti on February 27, 1844. Before the war, the island of Hispaniola had been united under the Haitian government for a period of 22 years when the newly independent nation, then known as the Republic of Spanish Haiti, was invaded by Haiti in 1822. Previously known as the Captaincy General of Santo Domingo, the criollo class within the country overthrew the Spanish crown in 1821 before unifying with Haiti a year later.", "title": "Dominican War of Independence" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Chamoun was an outspoken critic of the former Syrian occupation of Lebanon. She has described her country's independence as a \"myth\". Before the Independence Day celebrations in 1990 she asked rhetorically:", "title": "Tracy Chamoun" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Play Something Country\" is a song recorded by American country music duo Brooks & Dunn, co-written by Ronnie Dunn and Terry McBride. It was released in June 2005 as the first single from the duo's album \"Hillbilly Deluxe\". In September of that year, the song reached the top of the \"Billboard\" Hot Country Songs charts, becoming the twentieth and final Number One hit of the duo's career.", "title": "Play Something Country" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Paleo - Indians migrated from Asia to the North American mainland at least 15,000 years ago. European colonization began in the 16th century. The United States emerged from 13 British colonies along the East Coast. Numerous disputes between Great Britain and the colonies following the Seven Years' War led to the American Revolution, which began in 1775, and the subsequent Declaration of Independence in 1776. The war ended in 1783 with the United States becoming the first country to attain independence from a European power. The current constitution was adopted in 1788. The first ten amendments, collectively named the Bill of Rights, were ratified in 1791 and designed to guarantee many fundamental civil liberties.", "title": "United States" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "A referendum was held in neighboring Djibouti (then known as French Somaliland) in 1958, on the eve of Somalia's independence in 1960, to decide whether or not to join the Somali Republic or to remain with France. The referendum turned out in favour of a continued association with France, largely due to a combined yes vote by the sizable Afar ethnic group and resident Europeans. There was also widespread vote rigging, with the French expelling thousands of Somalis before the referendum reached the polls. The majority of those who voted no were Somalis who were strongly in favour of joining a united Somalia, as had been proposed by Mahmoud Harbi, Vice President of the Government Council. Harbi was killed in a plane crash two years later. Djibouti finally gained its independence from France in 1977, and Hassan Gouled Aptidon, a Somali who had campaigned for a yes vote in the referendum of 1958, eventually wound up as Djibouti's first president (1977–1991).", "title": "Somalis" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In 1820-1830’s the Ottoman Empire endured a number of strikes which challenged the existence of the country. The Greek Uprising (began in the spring of 1821) evidenced internal and military weakness of Ottoman Empire and caused severe atrocities by Ottoman military forces (see Chios massacre). The disbandment of the centuries-old Janissary corps by Sultan Mahmud II on 15 June 1826 (Auspicious Incident) was a good deed for the country in the longer term, but it has deprived the country from its army forces for the nearest future. In 1827 the allied Anglo-Franco-Russian fleet destroyed almost all the Ottoman naval forces during the Battle of Navarino. In 1830 Greece becomes an independent state after 10 years of independence war and the Russo-Turkish War of 1828–1829. According to the Treaty of Adrianople (1829) Russian and European commercial ships were authorized to freely pass through Black Sea straits, Serbia received autonomy, and Danubian Principalities (Moldavia and Walachia) became the territories under Russian protection.", "title": "Crimean War" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "When Emperor Haile Selassie unilaterally dissolved the Eritrean parliament and annexed the country in 1962, the Eritrean Liberation Front (ELF) waged an armed struggle for independence. The ensuing Eritrean War for Independence went on for 30 years against successive Ethiopian governments until 1991, when the Eritrean People's Liberation Front (EPLF), a successor of the ELF, defeated the Ethiopian forces in Eritrea and helped a coalition of Ethiopian rebel forces take control of the Ethiopian Capital Addis Ababa.", "title": "Eritrea" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "By the early years of the 21st century, western clothing styles had, to some extent, become international styles. This process began hundreds of years earlier, during the periods of European colonialism. The process of cultural dissemination has perpetuated over the centuries as Western media corporations have penetrated markets throughout the world, spreading Western culture and styles. Fast fashion clothing has also become a global phenomenon. These garments are less expensive, mass-produced Western clothing. Donated used clothing from Western countries are also delivered to people in poor countries by charity organizations.", "title": "Clothing" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Milanko Petrović (; born 21 September 1988 in Sjenica) is a Serbian biathlete who participated at the 2010 Winter Olympics, becoming the first olympic biathlete for independent Serbia. At the 2014 Winter Olympics he carried Serbian flag at the opening ceremony and competed in biathlon and cross-country skiing. He represents Serbia at the Biathlon World Championships and he is a regular participant of the Biathlon World Cup and the first ever Serb to win World Cup points. Occasionally, he competes in cross-country skiing. At the 2013 Winter Universiade he made a remarkable success by winning first ever international medals for Serbia in biathlon and cross-country skiing.", "title": "Milanko Petrović" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Karkaar is a mountain range which ranges from Somalia's northwestern border with Ethiopia, until Cape Guardafui. It is also an administrative region defined by the autonomous Puntland state. The territory occupies the south of what has traditionally been the Bari region of Somalia, and generally lies south of the Karkaar mountain range.", "title": "Karkaar" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The band was an early alt-country groundbreaker, touring widely and continuously in the US for several years, including the SXSW Music Conference three years running (1994–1996, the New Music Seminar (1995), the Northwest Independent Music Conference (1996) and NXNW (1997).", "title": "The Shivers (Austin, Texas)" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Jubilee is a musical comedy with a book by Moss Hart and music and lyrics by Cole Porter. It premiered on Broadway in 1935 to rapturous reviews. Inspired by the recent silver jubilee of King George V of Great Britain, the story is of the royal family of a fictional European country. Several of its songs, especially \"Begin the Beguine\" and \"Just One of Those Things\", became independently popular and have become part of the American Songbook.", "title": "Jubilee (musical)" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The northern mockingbird pairs hatch about 2 to 4 broods a year. In one breeding season, the northern mockingbird lays an average of 4 eggs. They hatch after about 11 to 14 days of incubation. After about 10 to 15 days of life, the offspring become independent.", "title": "Northern mockingbird" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Sir Solomon Hochoy GCMG GCVO OBE (20 April 1905 -- 15 November 1983) was a Trinidad and Tobago politician. He was the last British governor of Trinidad and Tobago and the first governor - general upon the country's independence in 1962. He was the first non-white governor of a British crown colony and the first ethnically Chinese and nationally Caribbean person to become governor - general in the Commonwealth.", "title": "Solomon Hochoy" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In 1922, after the Irish War of Independence and the Anglo - Irish Treaty, most of Ireland seceded from the United Kingdom to become the independent Irish Free State, which after the 1937 constitution, began to call itself Ireland. The six northeastern counties, known as Northern Ireland, remained within the United Kingdom. The Irish Civil War followed soon after the War of Independence. The history of Northern Ireland has since been dominated by sporadic sectarian conflict between (mainly Catholic) Irish nationalists and (mainly Protestant) unionists. This conflict erupted into the Troubles in the late 1960s, until peace was achieved with the Belfast Agreement thirty years later.", "title": "History of Ireland" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Bieler Bros. Records was formed in January 2002 by brothers Aaron and Jason Bieler. The label was aligned with MCA Records before becoming independent.", "title": "Bieler Bros. Records" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Dominican Independence War gave the Dominican Republic autonomy from Haiti on February 27, 1844. Before the war, the island of Hispaniola had been united under the Haitian government for a period of 22 years when the newly independent nation, previously known as the Captaincy General of Santo Domingo, was unified with Haiti in 1822. The criollo class within the country overthrew the Spanish crown in 1821 before unifying with Haiti a year later.", "title": "Dominican War of Independence" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``Just Got Started Lovin 'You ''is a song co-written and recorded by American country music artist James Otto. It was released in July 2007 as the first single from his album Sunset Man. On the Hot Country Songs chart dated for May 17, 2008, the song has also become Otto's first (and to date, his only) number - one hit. The song was also the number one song on Billboard's year - end 2008 Hot Country Songs chart.", "title": "Just Got Started Lovin' You" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Machel's second wife, Graça Simbine, joined Frelimo in 1973 after graduating in modern languages from Lisbon University. She worked as a teacher, first in Frelimo-held areas in Cabo Delgado province, and then at the Frelimo school in Tanzania. She became Minister for Education and Culture in newly independent Mozambique. She and Machel were married three months after Independence, in September 1975. In April 1976 a daughter, Josina, was born, and in December 1978 a son, Malengane. At Independence Machel's five older children joined Josina Machel's son Samito in the Presidential household. In 1998, twelve years after Samora Machel's death, Graça Machel married Nelson Mandela, President of South Africa, thus becoming the only woman to have been First Lady of two countries.", "title": "Samora Machel" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "As African states became independent in the 1960s, the Soviet Union offered many of their citizens the chance to study in Russia. Over a period of 40 years, about 400,000 African students from various countries moved to Russia to pursue higher studies, including many Black Africans. This extended beyond the Soviet Union to many countries of the Eastern bloc.", "title": "Black people" } ]	In what year did the country having Karkaar become independent?	1960	[]	Title: Dominican War of Independence Passage: The Dominican Independence War gave the Dominican Republic autonomy from Haiti on February 27, 1844. Before the war, the island of Hispaniola had been united under the Haitian government for a period of 22 years when the newly independent nation, previously known as the Captaincy General of Santo Domingo, was unified with Haiti in 1822. The criollo class within the country overthrew the Spanish crown in 1821 before unifying with Haiti a year later. Title: Somalis Passage: A referendum was held in neighboring Djibouti (then known as French Somaliland) in 1958, on the eve of Somalia's independence in 1960, to decide whether or not to join the Somali Republic or to remain with France. The referendum turned out in favour of a continued association with France, largely due to a combined yes vote by the sizable Afar ethnic group and resident Europeans. There was also widespread vote rigging, with the French expelling thousands of Somalis before the referendum reached the polls. The majority of those who voted no were Somalis who were strongly in favour of joining a united Somalia, as had been proposed by Mahmoud Harbi, Vice President of the Government Council. Harbi was killed in a plane crash two years later. Djibouti finally gained its independence from France in 1977, and Hassan Gouled Aptidon, a Somali who had campaigned for a yes vote in the referendum of 1958, eventually wound up as Djibouti's first president (1977–1991). Title: History of Ireland Passage: In 1922, after the Irish War of Independence and the Anglo - Irish Treaty, most of Ireland seceded from the United Kingdom to become the independent Irish Free State, which after the 1937 constitution, began to call itself Ireland. The six northeastern counties, known as Northern Ireland, remained within the United Kingdom. The Irish Civil War followed soon after the War of Independence. The history of Northern Ireland has since been dominated by sporadic sectarian conflict between (mainly Catholic) Irish nationalists and (mainly Protestant) unionists. This conflict erupted into the Troubles in the late 1960s, until peace was achieved with the Belfast Agreement thirty years later. Title: Solomon Hochoy Passage: Sir Solomon Hochoy GCMG GCVO OBE (20 April 1905 -- 15 November 1983) was a Trinidad and Tobago politician. He was the last British governor of Trinidad and Tobago and the first governor - general upon the country's independence in 1962. He was the first non-white governor of a British crown colony and the first ethnically Chinese and nationally Caribbean person to become governor - general in the Commonwealth. Title: Just Got Started Lovin' You Passage: ``Just Got Started Lovin 'You ''is a song co-written and recorded by American country music artist James Otto. It was released in July 2007 as the first single from his album Sunset Man. On the Hot Country Songs chart dated for May 17, 2008, the song has also become Otto's first (and to date, his only) number - one hit. The song was also the number one song on Billboard's year - end 2008 Hot Country Songs chart. Title: Clothing Passage: By the early years of the 21st century, western clothing styles had, to some extent, become international styles. This process began hundreds of years earlier, during the periods of European colonialism. The process of cultural dissemination has perpetuated over the centuries as Western media corporations have penetrated markets throughout the world, spreading Western culture and styles. Fast fashion clothing has also become a global phenomenon. These garments are less expensive, mass-produced Western clothing. Donated used clothing from Western countries are also delivered to people in poor countries by charity organizations. Title: Milanko Petrović Passage: Milanko Petrović (; born 21 September 1988 in Sjenica) is a Serbian biathlete who participated at the 2010 Winter Olympics, becoming the first olympic biathlete for independent Serbia. At the 2014 Winter Olympics he carried Serbian flag at the opening ceremony and competed in biathlon and cross-country skiing. He represents Serbia at the Biathlon World Championships and he is a regular participant of the Biathlon World Cup and the first ever Serb to win World Cup points. Occasionally, he competes in cross-country skiing. At the 2013 Winter Universiade he made a remarkable success by winning first ever international medals for Serbia in biathlon and cross-country skiing. Title: Jubilee (musical) Passage: Jubilee is a musical comedy with a book by Moss Hart and music and lyrics by Cole Porter. It premiered on Broadway in 1935 to rapturous reviews. Inspired by the recent silver jubilee of King George V of Great Britain, the story is of the royal family of a fictional European country. Several of its songs, especially "Begin the Beguine" and "Just One of Those Things", became independently popular and have become part of the American Songbook. Title: Eritrea Passage: When Emperor Haile Selassie unilaterally dissolved the Eritrean parliament and annexed the country in 1962, the Eritrean Liberation Front (ELF) waged an armed struggle for independence. The ensuing Eritrean War for Independence went on for 30 years against successive Ethiopian governments until 1991, when the Eritrean People's Liberation Front (EPLF), a successor of the ELF, defeated the Ethiopian forces in Eritrea and helped a coalition of Ethiopian rebel forces take control of the Ethiopian Capital Addis Ababa. Title: Bieler Bros. Records Passage: Bieler Bros. Records was formed in January 2002 by brothers Aaron and Jason Bieler. The label was aligned with MCA Records before becoming independent. Title: Black people Passage: As African states became independent in the 1960s, the Soviet Union offered many of their citizens the chance to study in Russia. Over a period of 40 years, about 400,000 African students from various countries moved to Russia to pursue higher studies, including many Black Africans. This extended beyond the Soviet Union to many countries of the Eastern bloc. Title: Tracy Chamoun Passage: Chamoun was an outspoken critic of the former Syrian occupation of Lebanon. She has described her country's independence as a "myth". Before the Independence Day celebrations in 1990 she asked rhetorically: Title: Dominican War of Independence Passage: The Dominican Independence War gave the Dominican Republic autonomy from Haiti on February 27, 1844. Before the war, the island of Hispaniola had been united under the Haitian government for a period of 22 years when the newly independent nation, then known as the Republic of Spanish Haiti, was invaded by Haiti in 1822. Previously known as the Captaincy General of Santo Domingo, the criollo class within the country overthrew the Spanish crown in 1821 before unifying with Haiti a year later. Title: Northern mockingbird Passage: The northern mockingbird pairs hatch about 2 to 4 broods a year. In one breeding season, the northern mockingbird lays an average of 4 eggs. They hatch after about 11 to 14 days of incubation. After about 10 to 15 days of life, the offspring become independent. Title: Crimean War Passage: In 1820-1830’s the Ottoman Empire endured a number of strikes which challenged the existence of the country. The Greek Uprising (began in the spring of 1821) evidenced internal and military weakness of Ottoman Empire and caused severe atrocities by Ottoman military forces (see Chios massacre). The disbandment of the centuries-old Janissary corps by Sultan Mahmud II on 15 June 1826 (Auspicious Incident) was a good deed for the country in the longer term, but it has deprived the country from its army forces for the nearest future. In 1827 the allied Anglo-Franco-Russian fleet destroyed almost all the Ottoman naval forces during the Battle of Navarino. In 1830 Greece becomes an independent state after 10 years of independence war and the Russo-Turkish War of 1828–1829. According to the Treaty of Adrianople (1829) Russian and European commercial ships were authorized to freely pass through Black Sea straits, Serbia received autonomy, and Danubian Principalities (Moldavia and Walachia) became the territories under Russian protection. Title: Karkaar Passage: Karkaar is a mountain range which ranges from Somalia's northwestern border with Ethiopia, until Cape Guardafui. It is also an administrative region defined by the autonomous Puntland state. The territory occupies the south of what has traditionally been the Bari region of Somalia, and generally lies south of the Karkaar mountain range. Title: United States Passage: Paleo - Indians migrated from Asia to the North American mainland at least 15,000 years ago. European colonization began in the 16th century. The United States emerged from 13 British colonies along the East Coast. Numerous disputes between Great Britain and the colonies following the Seven Years' War led to the American Revolution, which began in 1775, and the subsequent Declaration of Independence in 1776. The war ended in 1783 with the United States becoming the first country to attain independence from a European power. The current constitution was adopted in 1788. The first ten amendments, collectively named the Bill of Rights, were ratified in 1791 and designed to guarantee many fundamental civil liberties. Title: Samora Machel Passage: Machel's second wife, Graça Simbine, joined Frelimo in 1973 after graduating in modern languages from Lisbon University. She worked as a teacher, first in Frelimo-held areas in Cabo Delgado province, and then at the Frelimo school in Tanzania. She became Minister for Education and Culture in newly independent Mozambique. She and Machel were married three months after Independence, in September 1975. In April 1976 a daughter, Josina, was born, and in December 1978 a son, Malengane. At Independence Machel's five older children joined Josina Machel's son Samito in the Presidential household. In 1998, twelve years after Samora Machel's death, Graça Machel married Nelson Mandela, President of South Africa, thus becoming the only woman to have been First Lady of two countries. Title: The Shivers (Austin, Texas) Passage: The band was an early alt-country groundbreaker, touring widely and continuously in the US for several years, including the SXSW Music Conference three years running (1994–1996, the New Music Seminar (1995), the Northwest Independent Music Conference (1996) and NXNW (1997). Title: Play Something Country Passage: "Play Something Country" is a song recorded by American country music duo Brooks & Dunn, co-written by Ronnie Dunn and Terry McBride. It was released in June 2005 as the first single from the duo's album "Hillbilly Deluxe". In September of that year, the song reached the top of the "Billboard" Hot Country Songs charts, becoming the twentieth and final Number One hit of the duo's career.	[ "Somalis", "Karkaar" ]
2hop__129320_43057	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Jemez River is a tributary of the Rio Grande in the U.S. state of New Mexico. The river is formed by the confluence of the East Fork Jemez River and San Antonio Creek, which drain a number of tributaries in the area of the Jemez Mountains and Santa Fe National Forest. The Jemez River is about long, or about long if its longest headwater tributary, San Antonio Creek, is included. The East Fork Jemez River is about long. Both San Antonio Creek and the East Fork Jemez River flow through intricate meanders along their courses. The East Fork Jemez is a National Wild and Scenic River.", "title": "Jemez River" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Lion Island is a river island that is located at the mouth to the Hawkesbury River inside Broken Bay, in the state of New South Wales, Australia. The island is considered part of the . It is a descriptive name because it resembles a Sphinx, a mythical figure of a crouching lion.", "title": "Lion Island (New South Wales)" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "North Platte is a city in and the county seat of Lincoln County, Nebraska, United States. It is located in the southwestern part of the state, along Interstate 80, at the confluence of the North and South Platte Rivers forming the Platte River. The population was 24,733 at the 2010 census.", "title": "North Platte, Nebraska" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Hydroelectric stations exist in at least 34 US states. The largest concentration of hydroelectric generation in the US is in the Columbia River basin, which in 2012 was the source of 44% of the nation's hydroelectricity. Hydroelectricity projects such as Hoover Dam, Grand Coulee Dam, and the Tennessee Valley Authority have become iconic large construction projects.", "title": "Hydroelectric power in the United States" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The County of Bogong is one of the 37 counties of Victoria which are part of the cadastral divisions of Australia, used for land titles. It is located south of the Murray River, east of the Ovens River, and west of the Mitta Mitta River. Mount Bogong is located there, the highest mountain in Victoria. The county was proclaimed in 1871.", "title": "County of Bogong" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The County of Gladstone is one of the 37 counties of Victoria which are part of the cadastral divisions of Australia, used for land titles. It is located between the Avoca River in the west and Loddon River and Bet Bet Creek in the east. The county was proclaimed in 1870.", "title": "County of Gladstone" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Grassy Island is a small, uninhabited American island in the Detroit River. It is located just north of Grosse Ile and west of Fighting Island, about west of the Canada–United States border. The island is part of the city of Wyandotte, in Wayne County. The island is part of the Detroit River International Wildlife Refuge. Grassy Island should not be confused with Grass Island, which is an island of Ontario on the exact opposite side of the Detroit River.", "title": "Grassy Island" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Cerro Pedernal, locally known as just \"Pedernal\", is a narrow mesa in northern New Mexico. The name is Spanish for \"flint hill\". The mesa lies on the north flank of the Jemez Mountains, south of Abiquiu Lake, in the Coyote Ranger District of the Santa Fe National Forest. Its caprock was produced in the Jemez Volcanic Field. Its highest point is 9,862 feet (3,006 meters).", "title": "Cerro Pedernal" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Lower White River Wilderness is a protected wilderness in the US State of Oregon on the southern part of Mount Hood. In 2009, Congress designated the area a National Wilderness preserve.", "title": "Lower White River Wilderness" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Coliban River, an inland perennial river of the northcentral catchment, part of the Murray-Darling basin, is located in the lower Riverina bioregion and Central Highlands region of the Australian state of Victoria. The headwaters of the Coliban River rise on the northern slopes of the Great Dividing Range and descend to flow north into the Campaspe River with the impounded Lake Eppalock.", "title": "Coliban River" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Rainy River is a river in Presque Isle County, Michigan, in the United States. It is located in the northern part of the Lower Peninsula of Michigan, flowing northwest from Rainy Lake to Black Lake. Its waters, after passing through Black Lake, flow via the Black River and the Cheboygan River to Lake Huron.", "title": "Rainy River (Michigan)" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Branch River is an long river located in eastern New Hampshire in the United States. It is a tributary of the Salmon Falls River, part of the Piscataqua River watershed leading to the Atlantic Ocean.", "title": "Branch River (New Hampshire)" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The County of Tatchera is one of the 37 counties of Victoria which are part of the cadastral divisions of Australia, used for land titles. It is located to the south of the Murray River, and to the south west of Swan Hill, with its western boundary at 143°E, and part of the southern boundary at 36°S.", "title": "County of Tatchera" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The North Branch of the Contoocook River is a river located in southwestern New Hampshire in the United States. It is a tributary of the Contoocook River, part of the Merrimack River watershed.", "title": "North Branch Contoocook River" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Territory of New Mexico was an organized incorporated territory of the United States that existed (with varying boundaries) from September 9, 1850, until January 6, 1912, when the remaining extent of the territory was admitted to the Union as the State of New Mexico, making it the longest - lived organized incorporated territory of the United States, lasting approximately 62 years.", "title": "New Mexico Territory" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "M-68 is an east–west state trunkline highway located in the northern part of the Lower Peninsula of the US state of Michigan. The western terminus of the highway begins east of the Little Traverse Bay of Lake Michigan and ends a few blocks from Lake Huron in Rogers City. M-68 skirts just south of Indian River and Burt Lake.", "title": "M-68 (Michigan highway)" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Fowler River is a river located in central New Hampshire in the United States. It is an inflow to Newfound Lake, part of the Pemigewasset River and therefore Merrimack River watersheds. Below Bog Brook, the Fowler River is subject to the New Hampshire Comprehensive Shoreland Protection Act.", "title": "Fowler River" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Black River Falls Area Airport is a public use airport located three nautical miles (6 km) south of the central business district of Black River Falls, a city in Jackson County, Wisconsin, United States. It is owned by the city of Black River Falls and Jackson County.", "title": "Black River Falls Area Airport" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The West Branch of the Warner River is a river located in central New Hampshire in the United States. It is a tributary of the Warner River, part of the Contoocook River (and ultimately Merrimack River) watershed.", "title": "West Branch Warner River" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Lilly Arbor Project is a part of an experimental riparian floodplain reforestation and ecological restoration program, located along the White River in Indiana, in the eastern United States.", "title": "Lilly Arbor Project" } ]	When did the state that encompassed Jemez River become part of the US?	January 6, 1912	[]	Title: Cerro Pedernal Passage: Cerro Pedernal, locally known as just "Pedernal", is a narrow mesa in northern New Mexico. The name is Spanish for "flint hill". The mesa lies on the north flank of the Jemez Mountains, south of Abiquiu Lake, in the Coyote Ranger District of the Santa Fe National Forest. Its caprock was produced in the Jemez Volcanic Field. Its highest point is 9,862 feet (3,006 meters). Title: Hydroelectric power in the United States Passage: Hydroelectric stations exist in at least 34 US states. The largest concentration of hydroelectric generation in the US is in the Columbia River basin, which in 2012 was the source of 44% of the nation's hydroelectricity. Hydroelectricity projects such as Hoover Dam, Grand Coulee Dam, and the Tennessee Valley Authority have become iconic large construction projects. Title: Branch River (New Hampshire) Passage: The Branch River is an long river located in eastern New Hampshire in the United States. It is a tributary of the Salmon Falls River, part of the Piscataqua River watershed leading to the Atlantic Ocean. Title: Lower White River Wilderness Passage: Lower White River Wilderness is a protected wilderness in the US State of Oregon on the southern part of Mount Hood. In 2009, Congress designated the area a National Wilderness preserve. Title: County of Tatchera Passage: The County of Tatchera is one of the 37 counties of Victoria which are part of the cadastral divisions of Australia, used for land titles. It is located to the south of the Murray River, and to the south west of Swan Hill, with its western boundary at 143°E, and part of the southern boundary at 36°S. Title: North Branch Contoocook River Passage: The North Branch of the Contoocook River is a river located in southwestern New Hampshire in the United States. It is a tributary of the Contoocook River, part of the Merrimack River watershed. Title: Jemez River Passage: The Jemez River is a tributary of the Rio Grande in the U.S. state of New Mexico. The river is formed by the confluence of the East Fork Jemez River and San Antonio Creek, which drain a number of tributaries in the area of the Jemez Mountains and Santa Fe National Forest. The Jemez River is about long, or about long if its longest headwater tributary, San Antonio Creek, is included. The East Fork Jemez River is about long. Both San Antonio Creek and the East Fork Jemez River flow through intricate meanders along their courses. The East Fork Jemez is a National Wild and Scenic River. Title: County of Gladstone Passage: The County of Gladstone is one of the 37 counties of Victoria which are part of the cadastral divisions of Australia, used for land titles. It is located between the Avoca River in the west and Loddon River and Bet Bet Creek in the east. The county was proclaimed in 1870. Title: County of Bogong Passage: The County of Bogong is one of the 37 counties of Victoria which are part of the cadastral divisions of Australia, used for land titles. It is located south of the Murray River, east of the Ovens River, and west of the Mitta Mitta River. Mount Bogong is located there, the highest mountain in Victoria. The county was proclaimed in 1871. Title: Black River Falls Area Airport Passage: Black River Falls Area Airport is a public use airport located three nautical miles (6 km) south of the central business district of Black River Falls, a city in Jackson County, Wisconsin, United States. It is owned by the city of Black River Falls and Jackson County. Title: Grassy Island Passage: Grassy Island is a small, uninhabited American island in the Detroit River. It is located just north of Grosse Ile and west of Fighting Island, about west of the Canada–United States border. The island is part of the city of Wyandotte, in Wayne County. The island is part of the Detroit River International Wildlife Refuge. Grassy Island should not be confused with Grass Island, which is an island of Ontario on the exact opposite side of the Detroit River. Title: Lilly Arbor Project Passage: The Lilly Arbor Project is a part of an experimental riparian floodplain reforestation and ecological restoration program, located along the White River in Indiana, in the eastern United States. Title: West Branch Warner River Passage: The West Branch of the Warner River is a river located in central New Hampshire in the United States. It is a tributary of the Warner River, part of the Contoocook River (and ultimately Merrimack River) watershed. Title: Lion Island (New South Wales) Passage: Lion Island is a river island that is located at the mouth to the Hawkesbury River inside Broken Bay, in the state of New South Wales, Australia. The island is considered part of the . It is a descriptive name because it resembles a Sphinx, a mythical figure of a crouching lion. Title: M-68 (Michigan highway) Passage: M-68 is an east–west state trunkline highway located in the northern part of the Lower Peninsula of the US state of Michigan. The western terminus of the highway begins east of the Little Traverse Bay of Lake Michigan and ends a few blocks from Lake Huron in Rogers City. M-68 skirts just south of Indian River and Burt Lake. Title: New Mexico Territory Passage: The Territory of New Mexico was an organized incorporated territory of the United States that existed (with varying boundaries) from September 9, 1850, until January 6, 1912, when the remaining extent of the territory was admitted to the Union as the State of New Mexico, making it the longest - lived organized incorporated territory of the United States, lasting approximately 62 years. Title: Coliban River Passage: The Coliban River, an inland perennial river of the northcentral catchment, part of the Murray-Darling basin, is located in the lower Riverina bioregion and Central Highlands region of the Australian state of Victoria. The headwaters of the Coliban River rise on the northern slopes of the Great Dividing Range and descend to flow north into the Campaspe River with the impounded Lake Eppalock. Title: Fowler River Passage: The Fowler River is a river located in central New Hampshire in the United States. It is an inflow to Newfound Lake, part of the Pemigewasset River and therefore Merrimack River watersheds. Below Bog Brook, the Fowler River is subject to the New Hampshire Comprehensive Shoreland Protection Act. Title: Rainy River (Michigan) Passage: The Rainy River is a river in Presque Isle County, Michigan, in the United States. It is located in the northern part of the Lower Peninsula of Michigan, flowing northwest from Rainy Lake to Black Lake. Its waters, after passing through Black Lake, flow via the Black River and the Cheboygan River to Lake Huron. Title: North Platte, Nebraska Passage: North Platte is a city in and the county seat of Lincoln County, Nebraska, United States. It is located in the southwestern part of the state, along Interstate 80, at the confluence of the North and South Platte Rivers forming the Platte River. The population was 24,733 at the 2010 census.	[ "Jemez River", "New Mexico Territory" ]
2hop__47434_44959	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Big and Carrie eventually become close friends. He relocates to Napa Valley, and they are able to discuss their other ongoing relationships with each other. But their sexual chemistry always remains just below the surface, and their friendship never remains strictly platonic. After reading Carrie's book, Big begins to understand how much he has hurt her, and he empathizes further when a woman he is dating treats him in a fashion similar to the way Big has treated Carrie: at arm's length, eschewing true intimacy. The relationship between Big and the celebrity is certainly a parallel between Carrie / Big, except that the celebrity refuses physical intimacy one - sidedly, ignoring Big's overtures except when it suits her, whereas Carrie / Big's problems were almost completely emotional and undeniably two sided. Although it ends up allowing Big to finally get past his inner pain, the comparison is rather crude. Big grows as an emotional being, changing and evolving as the series progresses, moving past innate pain to suit Carrie's needs better, ostensibly becoming a ``better man. ''", "title": "Mr. Big (Sex and the City)" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Battle of the Little Bighorn Part of The Great Sioux War of 1876 The Custer Fight by Charles Marion Russell Date June 25 -- 26, 1876 Location Near Little Bighorn River, Crow Indian Reservation, Big Horn County, Montana, U.S. 45 ° 33 ′ 54 ''N 107 ° 25 ′ 44'' W / 45.56500 ° N 107.42889 ° W / 45.56500; - 107.42889 (The Battle of Little BigHorn) Coordinates: 45 ° 33 ′ 54 ''N 107 ° 25 ′ 44'' W / 45.56500 ° N 107.42889 ° W / 45.56500; - 107.42889 (The Battle of Little BigHorn) Result Lakota, Northern Cheyenne and Arapaho victory Belligerents Lakota Dakota Northern Cheyenne Arapaho United States Crow Scouts Arikara scouts Commanders and leaders Sitting Bull Crazy Horse Chief Gall Lame White Man † Two Moon George A. Custer † Marcus Reno Frederick Benteen Myles Keogh † James Calhoun † Units involved Irregular military 7th Cavalry Regiment Strength 900 -- 2,500 647 Casualties and losses Likely 31 killed plus 10 non-combatants. Up to 160 wounded 268 killed 49 wounded (6 died of wounds) Little Big Horn Battlefield Location within Montana", "title": "Battle of the Little Bighorn" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Linda Evanstad, better known as Linda Evans (born November 18, 1942), is an American actress known primarily for her roles on television. In the 1960s, she gained notice for playing Audra Barkley, the daughter of Victoria Barkley (played by Barbara Stanwyck) in the Western television series, The Big Valley (1965 -- 1969). However, she is most prominently known for the role of Krystle Carrington, the devoted wife of Blake Carrington (played by John Forsythe) in the 1980s ABC prime time soap opera Dynasty, a role she played from 1981 to 1989.", "title": "Linda Evans" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Ronald Jaimeer C. Humarang (born December 15, 1994 in Agoncillo, Batangas, Philippines) is a Filipino singer and actor. His career started when he joined \"Little Big Star\" where became a major part of the Big Division of Little Big Star Season I, along with the likes of Sam Concepcion and Charice Pempengco. He has also been part of the Little Big Star’s album with his own rendition of \"Iisa Lang Tayo\". He did not make it to the top this time. He auditioned for Little Big Superstar, the spin-off of Little Big Star, wherein he emerged as the \"First Honor\" or the \"Champion\".", "title": "Ronald Humarang" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Wiehe wrote the text inspired by an image by the Swedish cartoonist : Little girl rushes to vet with wounded crow\".", "title": "Flickan och kråkan" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Big John, Little John is an American Saturday-morning situation comedy, produced by Sherwood Schwartz, which starred Herbert Edelman as \"Big John\" and Robert \"Robbie\" Rist as \"Little John.\" The show first aired on September 11, 1976 on NBC, and ran for one season of 13 episodes. The series was produced by Redwood Productions in association with D'Angelo-Bullock-Allen Productions. In the United Kingdom, it was shown on BBC One.", "title": "Big John, Little John" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Edward Parker Helms (born January 24, 1974) is an American actor, comedian, and singer. He is known for his work as a correspondent on The Daily Show as well as playing Andy Bernard in the U.S. version of The Office, the Once - ler in The Lorax (2012), Stuart Price in The Hangover trilogy, and Mr. Krupp / Captain Underpants in Captain Underpants: The First Epic Movie (2017).", "title": "Ed Helms" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Pain Killer is the sixth studio album by American country music group Little Big Town. It was released on October 21, 2014, through Capitol Nashville. Little Big Town co-wrote eight of the album's thirteen tracks. \"Pain Killer\" was produced by Jay Joyce.", "title": "Pain Killer (Little Big Town album)" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Big Hoops (Bigger the Better)\" is a song by Canadian recording artist Nelly Furtado, taken from her fifth studio album, \"The Spirit Indestructible\". It was released on April 17, 2012, through Interscope Records, as the lead single from the album. The song was written by Furtado in a collaboration with its producer Rodney \"Darkchild\" Jerkins. \"Big Hoops (Bigger the Better)\" is an R&B song influenced by hip hop collective Odd Future and 1990s productions. The track's lyrics refer to the singer's life as a teenager, describing her passion for hip hop and R&B music at that time. \"Big Hoops (Bigger the Better)\" received mixed to positive reviews from music critics, who praised the song's breakdown but criticized Furtado's vocals.", "title": "Big Hoops (Bigger the Better)" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Rebecca Lane Hooper Eastman (23 March 1877 – 1937) was an American suffragist, journalist, and author of short stories. She is known for her 1917 novel \"The Big Little Person: A Romance\", which was adapted for the 1919 silent film \"The Big Little Person\".", "title": "Rebecca Lane Hooper Eastman" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Little Wolf is a town in Waupaca County, Wisconsin, United States. The ghost town of Little Wolf was located in the town.", "title": "Little Wolf, Wisconsin" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Russell Robert Winterbotham (August 1, 1904 – June 9, 1971) was an American writer of western and science fiction genre fiction, and the author of instructional pamphlets and several Big Little Books. He also wrote crime stories and one science fiction novel (\"The Other World\") using the pen name \"J. Harvey Bond\". Another science fiction novel used the pseudonym \"Franklin Hadley\". He also wrote scripts for Fred Harman's western comic \"Red Ryder\".", "title": "Russell R. Winterbotham" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "``Better Man ''Single by Little Big Town from the album The Breaker Released October 20, 2016 (2016 - 10 - 20) Format Digital download Genre Country Length 4: 21 Label Capitol Nashville Songwriter (s) Taylor Swift Producer (s) Jay Joyce Little Big Town singles chronology`` One of Those Days'' (2016) ``Better Man ''(2016)`` Happy People'' (2017) ``One of Those Days ''(2016)`` Better Man'' (2016) ``Happy People ''(2017) Music video`` Better Man'' on YouTube", "title": "Better Man (Little Big Town song)" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Lorax (also known as Dr. Seuss' The Lorax) is a 2012 American 3D computer - animated musical fantasy -- comedy film produced by Illumination Entertainment and based on Dr. Seuss's children's book of the same name. The film was released by Universal Pictures on March 2, 2012, on the 108th birthday of Dr. Seuss. The second film adaptation of the book (following the 1972 animated television special), the film builds on the book by expanding the story of Ted, the previously unnamed boy who visits the Once - ler. The cast includes Zac Efron as Ted, Danny DeVito as the Lorax, and Ed Helms as the Once - ler. New characters introduced in the film are Audrey (voiced by Taylor Swift), Aloysius O'Hare (Rob Riggle), Mrs. Wiggins, Ted's mother (Jenny Slate), and Grammy Norma (Betty White).", "title": "The Lorax (film)" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Eddie Albert - Narrator Bob Holt - The Lorax, Mr. Once - Ler Athena Lorde - Ms. Funce - ler, Harlen Carraher - Humming Fish Thurl Ravenscroft - Singer Matt Bennison - Ted", "title": "The Lorax (TV special)" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Aarti Majumdar (born March 3, 1978), better known by her stage name Aarti Mann, is an American actress. She has starred in several television programs, including a part in the sci - fi drama Heroes. She is best known for playing the role of Priya Koothrappali in The Big Bang Theory.", "title": "Aarti Mann" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Better Generation is Marty Balin's 1991 album and his first solo album since 1983. The album was produced shortly after Jefferson Airplane's reunion album and tour, without any other members of Jefferson Airplane involved. Balin's wife, Karen Deal, co-wrote a song on the album, and played keyboards on most tracks.", "title": "Better Generation" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``Girl Crush ''is a song written by Lori McKenna, Hillary Lindsey and Liz Rose, and performed by American country music group Little Big Town. It was released on December 15, 2014 as the second single from their sixth studio album, Pain Killer.", "title": "Girl Crush" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Also in 1985, she provided back - up vocals for The Human League front - man Philip Oakey's debut solo album, Philip Oakey & Giorgio Moroder. That same year, she appeared in the comedy film Better Off Dead, singing the songs ``One Way Love (Better Off Dead) ''and`` A Little Luck'' as a member of a band performing at a high school dance. Both songs were included on the soundtrack album credited to E.G. Daily. She performed a song on The Breakfast Club soundtrack called ``Waiting ''.", "title": "E. G. Daily" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Little Howard's Big Question is a 2009–12 BBC One/CBBC children's edutainment programme starring Howard Read as Big Howard and his six-year-old animated friend, Little Howard. The programme was first broadcast on 8 January 2009, running for a series of 13 episodes. Series 2 began airing on 6 October 2010, and series 3 began on 18 May 2011.", "title": "Little Howard's Big Question" } ]	Who did the writer of Better Man for Little Big Town play in The Lorax?	Audrey	[]	Title: Ronald Humarang Passage: Ronald Jaimeer C. Humarang (born December 15, 1994 in Agoncillo, Batangas, Philippines) is a Filipino singer and actor. His career started when he joined "Little Big Star" where became a major part of the Big Division of Little Big Star Season I, along with the likes of Sam Concepcion and Charice Pempengco. He has also been part of the Little Big Star’s album with his own rendition of "Iisa Lang Tayo". He did not make it to the top this time. He auditioned for Little Big Superstar, the spin-off of Little Big Star, wherein he emerged as the "First Honor" or the "Champion". Title: Better Generation Passage: Better Generation is Marty Balin's 1991 album and his first solo album since 1983. The album was produced shortly after Jefferson Airplane's reunion album and tour, without any other members of Jefferson Airplane involved. Balin's wife, Karen Deal, co-wrote a song on the album, and played keyboards on most tracks. Title: The Lorax (TV special) Passage: Eddie Albert - Narrator Bob Holt - The Lorax, Mr. Once - Ler Athena Lorde - Ms. Funce - ler, Harlen Carraher - Humming Fish Thurl Ravenscroft - Singer Matt Bennison - Ted Title: Aarti Mann Passage: Aarti Majumdar (born March 3, 1978), better known by her stage name Aarti Mann, is an American actress. She has starred in several television programs, including a part in the sci - fi drama Heroes. She is best known for playing the role of Priya Koothrappali in The Big Bang Theory. Title: Flickan och kråkan Passage: Wiehe wrote the text inspired by an image by the Swedish cartoonist : Little girl rushes to vet with wounded crow". Title: Battle of the Little Bighorn Passage: The Battle of the Little Bighorn Part of The Great Sioux War of 1876 The Custer Fight by Charles Marion Russell Date June 25 -- 26, 1876 Location Near Little Bighorn River, Crow Indian Reservation, Big Horn County, Montana, U.S. 45 ° 33 ′ 54 ''N 107 ° 25 ′ 44'' W / 45.56500 ° N 107.42889 ° W / 45.56500; - 107.42889 (The Battle of Little BigHorn) Coordinates: 45 ° 33 ′ 54 ''N 107 ° 25 ′ 44'' W / 45.56500 ° N 107.42889 ° W / 45.56500; - 107.42889 (The Battle of Little BigHorn) Result Lakota, Northern Cheyenne and Arapaho victory Belligerents Lakota Dakota Northern Cheyenne Arapaho United States Crow Scouts Arikara scouts Commanders and leaders Sitting Bull Crazy Horse Chief Gall Lame White Man † Two Moon George A. Custer † Marcus Reno Frederick Benteen Myles Keogh † James Calhoun † Units involved Irregular military 7th Cavalry Regiment Strength 900 -- 2,500 647 Casualties and losses Likely 31 killed plus 10 non-combatants. Up to 160 wounded 268 killed 49 wounded (6 died of wounds) Little Big Horn Battlefield Location within Montana Title: Big John, Little John Passage: Big John, Little John is an American Saturday-morning situation comedy, produced by Sherwood Schwartz, which starred Herbert Edelman as "Big John" and Robert "Robbie" Rist as "Little John." The show first aired on September 11, 1976 on NBC, and ran for one season of 13 episodes. The series was produced by Redwood Productions in association with D'Angelo-Bullock-Allen Productions. In the United Kingdom, it was shown on BBC One. Title: Russell R. Winterbotham Passage: Russell Robert Winterbotham (August 1, 1904 – June 9, 1971) was an American writer of western and science fiction genre fiction, and the author of instructional pamphlets and several Big Little Books. He also wrote crime stories and one science fiction novel ("The Other World") using the pen name "J. Harvey Bond". Another science fiction novel used the pseudonym "Franklin Hadley". He also wrote scripts for Fred Harman's western comic "Red Ryder". Title: Pain Killer (Little Big Town album) Passage: Pain Killer is the sixth studio album by American country music group Little Big Town. It was released on October 21, 2014, through Capitol Nashville. Little Big Town co-wrote eight of the album's thirteen tracks. "Pain Killer" was produced by Jay Joyce. Title: Rebecca Lane Hooper Eastman Passage: Rebecca Lane Hooper Eastman (23 March 1877 – 1937) was an American suffragist, journalist, and author of short stories. She is known for her 1917 novel "The Big Little Person: A Romance", which was adapted for the 1919 silent film "The Big Little Person". Title: Little Wolf, Wisconsin Passage: Little Wolf is a town in Waupaca County, Wisconsin, United States. The ghost town of Little Wolf was located in the town. Title: Mr. Big (Sex and the City) Passage: Big and Carrie eventually become close friends. He relocates to Napa Valley, and they are able to discuss their other ongoing relationships with each other. But their sexual chemistry always remains just below the surface, and their friendship never remains strictly platonic. After reading Carrie's book, Big begins to understand how much he has hurt her, and he empathizes further when a woman he is dating treats him in a fashion similar to the way Big has treated Carrie: at arm's length, eschewing true intimacy. The relationship between Big and the celebrity is certainly a parallel between Carrie / Big, except that the celebrity refuses physical intimacy one - sidedly, ignoring Big's overtures except when it suits her, whereas Carrie / Big's problems were almost completely emotional and undeniably two sided. Although it ends up allowing Big to finally get past his inner pain, the comparison is rather crude. Big grows as an emotional being, changing and evolving as the series progresses, moving past innate pain to suit Carrie's needs better, ostensibly becoming a ``better man. '' Title: Big Hoops (Bigger the Better) Passage: "Big Hoops (Bigger the Better)" is a song by Canadian recording artist Nelly Furtado, taken from her fifth studio album, "The Spirit Indestructible". It was released on April 17, 2012, through Interscope Records, as the lead single from the album. The song was written by Furtado in a collaboration with its producer Rodney "Darkchild" Jerkins. "Big Hoops (Bigger the Better)" is an R&B song influenced by hip hop collective Odd Future and 1990s productions. The track's lyrics refer to the singer's life as a teenager, describing her passion for hip hop and R&B music at that time. "Big Hoops (Bigger the Better)" received mixed to positive reviews from music critics, who praised the song's breakdown but criticized Furtado's vocals. Title: E. G. Daily Passage: Also in 1985, she provided back - up vocals for The Human League front - man Philip Oakey's debut solo album, Philip Oakey & Giorgio Moroder. That same year, she appeared in the comedy film Better Off Dead, singing the songs ``One Way Love (Better Off Dead) ''and`` A Little Luck'' as a member of a band performing at a high school dance. Both songs were included on the soundtrack album credited to E.G. Daily. She performed a song on The Breakfast Club soundtrack called ``Waiting ''. Title: Little Howard's Big Question Passage: Little Howard's Big Question is a 2009–12 BBC One/CBBC children's edutainment programme starring Howard Read as Big Howard and his six-year-old animated friend, Little Howard. The programme was first broadcast on 8 January 2009, running for a series of 13 episodes. Series 2 began airing on 6 October 2010, and series 3 began on 18 May 2011. Title: Ed Helms Passage: Edward Parker Helms (born January 24, 1974) is an American actor, comedian, and singer. He is known for his work as a correspondent on The Daily Show as well as playing Andy Bernard in the U.S. version of The Office, the Once - ler in The Lorax (2012), Stuart Price in The Hangover trilogy, and Mr. Krupp / Captain Underpants in Captain Underpants: The First Epic Movie (2017). Title: Girl Crush Passage: ``Girl Crush ''is a song written by Lori McKenna, Hillary Lindsey and Liz Rose, and performed by American country music group Little Big Town. It was released on December 15, 2014 as the second single from their sixth studio album, Pain Killer. Title: Better Man (Little Big Town song) Passage: ``Better Man ''Single by Little Big Town from the album The Breaker Released October 20, 2016 (2016 - 10 - 20) Format Digital download Genre Country Length 4: 21 Label Capitol Nashville Songwriter (s) Taylor Swift Producer (s) Jay Joyce Little Big Town singles chronology`` One of Those Days'' (2016) ``Better Man ''(2016)`` Happy People'' (2017) ``One of Those Days ''(2016)`` Better Man'' (2016) ``Happy People ''(2017) Music video`` Better Man'' on YouTube Title: The Lorax (film) Passage: The Lorax (also known as Dr. Seuss' The Lorax) is a 2012 American 3D computer - animated musical fantasy -- comedy film produced by Illumination Entertainment and based on Dr. Seuss's children's book of the same name. The film was released by Universal Pictures on March 2, 2012, on the 108th birthday of Dr. Seuss. The second film adaptation of the book (following the 1972 animated television special), the film builds on the book by expanding the story of Ted, the previously unnamed boy who visits the Once - ler. The cast includes Zac Efron as Ted, Danny DeVito as the Lorax, and Ed Helms as the Once - ler. New characters introduced in the film are Audrey (voiced by Taylor Swift), Aloysius O'Hare (Rob Riggle), Mrs. Wiggins, Ted's mother (Jenny Slate), and Grammy Norma (Betty White). Title: Linda Evans Passage: Linda Evanstad, better known as Linda Evans (born November 18, 1942), is an American actress known primarily for her roles on television. In the 1960s, she gained notice for playing Audra Barkley, the daughter of Victoria Barkley (played by Barbara Stanwyck) in the Western television series, The Big Valley (1965 -- 1969). However, she is most prominently known for the role of Krystle Carrington, the devoted wife of Blake Carrington (played by John Forsythe) in the 1980s ABC prime time soap opera Dynasty, a role she played from 1981 to 1989.	[ "Better Man (Little Big Town song)", "The Lorax (film)" ]
2hop__67098_33141	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Korea was occupied and declared a Japanese protectorate following the Japan -- Korea Treaty of 1905, and officially annexed in 1910 through the annexation treaty.", "title": "Japanese colonial empire" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In colonial times, the Thirteen Colonies used a militia system for defense. Colonial militia laws -- and after independence those of the United States and the various states -- required able - bodied males to enroll in the militia, to undergo a minimum of military training, and to serve for limited periods of time in war or emergency. This earliest form of conscription involved selective drafts of militiamen for service in particular campaigns. Following this system in its essentials, the Continental Congress in 1778 recommended that the states draft men from their militias for one year's service in the Continental army; this first national conscription was irregularly applied and failed to fill the Continental ranks.", "title": "Conscription in the United States" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "In Asia, various Chinese dynasties and Japanese shogunates controlled the Asian sphere. In Japan, the Edo period from 1600 to 1868 is also referred to as the early modern period. And in Korea, from the rising of Joseon Dynasty to the enthronement of King Gojong is referred to as the early modern period. In the Americas, Native Americans had built a large and varied civilization, including the Aztec Empire and alliance, the Inca civilization, the Mayan Empire and cities, and the Chibcha Confederation. In the west, the European kingdoms and movements were in a movement of reformation and expansion. Russia reached the Pacific coast in 1647 and consolidated its control over the Russian Far East in the 19th century.", "title": "Modern history" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Plymouth Colony (sometimes New Plymouth) was an English colonial venture in North America from 1620 to 1691. The first settlement of the Plymouth Colony was at New Plymouth, a location previously surveyed and named by Captain John Smith. The settlement served as the capital of the colony and developed as the modern town of Plymouth, Massachusetts. At its height, Plymouth Colony occupied most of the southeastern portion of the modern state of Massachusetts.", "title": "Plymouth Colony" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Nakano sought to bring about a rebirth of Japan through a blend of the samurai ethic, Neo-Confucianism, and populist nationalism modeled on European fascism. He saw Saigō Takamori as epitomizing the 'true spirit' of the Meiji \"ishin\", and the task of modern Japan to recapture it.", "title": "Seigō Nakano" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Medieval writers divided history into periods such as the \"Six Ages\" or the \"Four Empires\", and considered their time to be the last before the end of the world. When referring to their own times, they spoke of them as being \"modern\". In the 1330s, the humanist and poet Petrarch referred to pre-Christian times as antiqua (or \"ancient\") and to the Christian period as nova (or \"new\"). Leonardo Bruni was the first historian to use tripartite periodisation in his History of the Florentine People (1442). Bruni and later historians argued that Italy had recovered since Petrarch's time, and therefore added a third period to Petrarch's two. The \"Middle Ages\" first appears in Latin in 1469 as media tempestas or \"middle season\". In early usage, there were many variants, including medium aevum, or \"middle age\", first recorded in 1604, and media saecula, or \"middle ages\", first recorded in 1625. The alternative term \"medieval\" (or occasionally \"mediaeval\") derives from medium aevum. Tripartite periodisation became standard after the German 17th century historian Christoph Cellarius divided history into three periods: Ancient, Medieval, and Modern.", "title": "Middle Ages" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The industrial revolution began about 1870 as Meiji period leaders decided to catch up with the West. The government built railroads, improved roads, and inaugurated a land reform programme to prepare the country for further development. It inaugurated a new Western - based education system for all young people, sent thousands of students to the United States and Europe, and hired more than 3,000 Westerners to teach modern science, mathematics, technology, and foreign languages in Japan (Foreign government advisors in Meiji Japan).", "title": "Industrial Revolution" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Classical Greece was a period of around 200 years (5th and 4th centuries BC) in Greek culture. This Classical period saw the annexation of much of modern - day Greece by the Persian Empire and its subsequent independence. Classical Greece had a powerful influence on the Roman Empire and on the foundations of western civilization. Much of modern Western politics, artistic thought (architecture, sculpture), scientific thought, theatre, literature, and philosophy derives from this period of Greek history. In the context of the art, architecture, and culture of Ancient Greece, the Classical period corresponds to most of the 5th and 4th centuries BC (the most common dates being the fall of the last Athenian tyrant in 510 BC and the death of Alexander the Great in 323 BC). The Classical period in this sense follows the Archaic period and is in turn succeeded by the Hellenistic period.", "title": "Classical Greece" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Marysia i Napoleon (Mary and Napoleon) is a Polish historical film. It was released in 1966. The film is set in two time periods: modern and historical.", "title": "Marysia i Napoleon" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Perry Expedition was a diplomatic expedition to Bakumatsu period Japan, involving two separate trips by warships of the United States Navy, which took place during 1853 -- 54. The goals of this expedition included exploration, surveying, and the establishment of diplomatic relations and negotiation of trade agreements with various nations of the region; opening contact with the government of Japan was considered a top priority of the expedition, and was one of the key reasons for its inception. The expedition was commanded by Commodore Matthew Calbraith Perry, under orders from American President Millard Fillmore. Perry's primary goal was to force an end to Japan's 220 - year - old policy of isolation and to open Japanese ports to American trade, through the use of gunboat diplomacy if necessary. The Perry Expedition led directly to the establishment of diplomatic relations between Japan and the western ``Great Powers '', and eventually to the collapse of the ruling Tokugawa shogunate.", "title": "Perry Expedition" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "If considered singular entities, the largest organisms are clonal colonies which can spread over large areas. Pando, a clonal colony of the aspen tree, is widely considered to be the largest such organism by mass. Even if such colonies are excluded, trees retain their dominance of this listing, with the giant sequoia being the most massive tree. In 2006 a huge clonal colony of Posidonia oceanica was discovered south of the island of Ibiza. At 8 kilometres (5.0 mi) across, and estimated at around 100,000 years old, it may be one of the largest and oldest clonal colonies on Earth.", "title": "Largest organisms" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Eagle's Nest Art Colony, the site known in more modern times as the Lorado Taft Field Campus, was founded in 1898 by American sculptor Lorado Taft on the bluffs flanking the east bank of the Rock River, overlooking Oregon, Illinois. The colony was populated by Chicago artists, all members of the Chicago Art Institute or the University of Chicago art department, who gathered in Ogle County to escape the summer heat of Chicago. The colony complex has been used as a field campus for Northern Illinois University since of Lowden State Park were turned over to the university by the state of Illinois.", "title": "Eagle's Nest Art Colony" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Outside Japan, different societies use widely different timeframes in defining Japanese war crimes. For example, the annexation of Korea by Japan in 1910 was enforced by the Japanese military, and the Society of Yi Dynasty Korea was switched to the political system of the Empire of Japan. Thus, North and South Korea refer to \"Japanese war crimes\" as events occurring during the period of Korea under Japanese rule.By comparison, the Western Allies did not come into military conflict with Japan until 1941, and North Americans, Australians, South East Asians and Europeans may consider \"Japanese war crimes\" to be events that occurred in 1942–1945.Japanese war crimes were not always carried out by ethnic Japanese personnel. A small minority of people in every Asian and Pacific country invaded or occupied by Japan collaborated with the Japanese military, or even served in it, for a wide variety of reasons, such as economic hardship, coercion, or antipathy to other imperialist powers.Japan's sovereignty over Korea and Formosa (Taiwan), in the first half of the 20th century, was recognized by international agreements—the Treaty of Shimonoseki (1895) and the Japan–Korea Annexation Treaty (1910)—and they were considered at the time to be integral parts of the Japanese Empire. Under the international law of today, there is a possibility the Japan-Korea Annexation Treaty was illegal, as the native populations were not consulted, there was armed resistance to Japan's annexations, and war crimes may also have been committed during the civil wars.", "title": "Japanese war crimes" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Valentí Almirall i Llozer (; Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain, 8 March 1841 – 1904) was a Spanish politician, considered one of the fathers of modern Catalan nationalism, and more specifically, of the left-wing nationalism.", "title": "Valentí Almirall i Llozer" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The African Great Lakes region, which Kenya is a part of, has been inhabited by humans since the Lower Paleolithic period. By the first millennium AD, the Bantu expansion had reached the area from West - Central Africa. The borders of the modern state consequently comprise the crossroads of the Niger - Congo, Nilo - Saharan and Afroasiatic areas of the continent, representing most major ethnolinguistic groups found in Africa. Bantu and Nilotic populations together constitute around 97% of the nation's residents. European and Arab presence in coastal Mombasa dates to the Early Modern period; European exploration of the interior began in the 19th century. The British Empire established the East Africa Protectorate in 1895, which starting in 1920 gave way to the Kenya Colony. Kenya obtained independence in December 1963, but remained a member of the Commonwealth of Nations. Following a referendum in August 2010 and adoption of a new constitution, Kenya is now divided into 47 semi-autonomous counties, governed by elected governors.", "title": "Kenya" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Saint Nicholas of Tolentino Parish Church, commonly known as Banton Church, is a Roman Catholic church in the Municipality of Banton in Romblon province in the Philippines. It is allegedly one of the oldest churches in the country, constructed between 1644-1650 during the Spanish colonial period. The façade and tower of the present church is Modern.", "title": "Banton Church" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Japan conscripted many soldiers from its colonies of Korea and Formosa (Taiwan). To a small extent, some Vichy French, Indian National Army, and Burmese National Army forces were active in the area of the Pacific War. Collaborationist units from Hong Kong (reformed ex-colonial police), Philippines, Dutch East Indies (the PETA) and Dutch Guinea, British Malaya and British Borneo, Inner Mongolia and former French Indochina (after the overthrow of Vichy French regime) as well as Timorese militia also assisted Japanese war efforts.", "title": "Pacific War" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Perry Expedition was a diplomatic and military expedition to Bakumatsu period Japan, involving two separate trips by warships of the United States Navy, which took place during 1853 -- 54. The goals of this expedition included exploration, surveying, and the establishment of diplomatic relations and negotiation of trade agreements with various nations of the region; opening contact with the government of Japan was considered a top priority of the expedition, and was one of the key reasons for its inception. The expedition was commanded by Commodore Matthew Calbraith Perry, under orders from American President Millard Fillmore. Perry's primary goal was to force an end to Japan's 220 - year - old policy of isolation and to open Japanese ports to American trade, through the use of gunboat diplomacy if necessary. The Perry Expedition led directly to the establishment of diplomatic relations between Japan and the western ``Great Powers '', and eventually to the collapse of the ruling Tokugawa shogunate and the Meiji Restoration. Following the expedition, Japan's burgeoning trade routes with the world led to the cultural trend of Japonism, in which aspects of Japanese culture influenced art in Europe and America.", "title": "Perry Expedition" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Dr. K. Ayyappa Paniker, sometimes spelt \"Ayyappa Panicker\" (12 September 1930 – 23 August 2006), was an influential Malayalam poet, literary critic, and an academic and a scholar in modern and post-modern literary theories as well as ancient Indian aesthetics and literary traditions. He was one of the pioneers of modernism in Malayalam poetry, where his seminal works like \"Kurukshethram\" (1960), considered a turning point in Malayalam poetry, \"Ayyappapanikkarude Krithikal\" and \"Chintha\" and several essays were an important influence on the playwrights of his generation.", "title": "Ayyappa Paniker" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Conscription in the United Kingdom has existed for two periods in modern times. The first was from 1916 to 1920, the second from 1939 to 1960, with the last conscripted soldiers leaving the service in 1963. Known as Military Service from 1916 to 1920, the system of conscription from 1939 to 1960 was called National Service, but between 1939 and 1948, it was often referred to as ``war service ''in documents relating to National Insurance and pension provision.", "title": "Conscription in the United Kingdom" } ]	What time is considered the "Modern Period" in the nation Japan once turned into a colony?	from the rising of Joseon Dynasty to the enthronement of King Gojong	[ "Joseon Dynasty", "Joseon", "Yi Dynasty" ]	Title: Pacific War Passage: Japan conscripted many soldiers from its colonies of Korea and Formosa (Taiwan). To a small extent, some Vichy French, Indian National Army, and Burmese National Army forces were active in the area of the Pacific War. Collaborationist units from Hong Kong (reformed ex-colonial police), Philippines, Dutch East Indies (the PETA) and Dutch Guinea, British Malaya and British Borneo, Inner Mongolia and former French Indochina (after the overthrow of Vichy French regime) as well as Timorese militia also assisted Japanese war efforts. Title: Marysia i Napoleon Passage: Marysia i Napoleon (Mary and Napoleon) is a Polish historical film. It was released in 1966. The film is set in two time periods: modern and historical. Title: Conscription in the United Kingdom Passage: Conscription in the United Kingdom has existed for two periods in modern times. The first was from 1916 to 1920, the second from 1939 to 1960, with the last conscripted soldiers leaving the service in 1963. Known as Military Service from 1916 to 1920, the system of conscription from 1939 to 1960 was called National Service, but between 1939 and 1948, it was often referred to as ``war service ''in documents relating to National Insurance and pension provision. Title: Banton Church Passage: The Saint Nicholas of Tolentino Parish Church, commonly known as Banton Church, is a Roman Catholic church in the Municipality of Banton in Romblon province in the Philippines. It is allegedly one of the oldest churches in the country, constructed between 1644-1650 during the Spanish colonial period. The façade and tower of the present church is Modern. Title: Japanese colonial empire Passage: Korea was occupied and declared a Japanese protectorate following the Japan -- Korea Treaty of 1905, and officially annexed in 1910 through the annexation treaty. Title: Perry Expedition Passage: The Perry Expedition was a diplomatic and military expedition to Bakumatsu period Japan, involving two separate trips by warships of the United States Navy, which took place during 1853 -- 54. The goals of this expedition included exploration, surveying, and the establishment of diplomatic relations and negotiation of trade agreements with various nations of the region; opening contact with the government of Japan was considered a top priority of the expedition, and was one of the key reasons for its inception. The expedition was commanded by Commodore Matthew Calbraith Perry, under orders from American President Millard Fillmore. Perry's primary goal was to force an end to Japan's 220 - year - old policy of isolation and to open Japanese ports to American trade, through the use of gunboat diplomacy if necessary. The Perry Expedition led directly to the establishment of diplomatic relations between Japan and the western ``Great Powers '', and eventually to the collapse of the ruling Tokugawa shogunate and the Meiji Restoration. Following the expedition, Japan's burgeoning trade routes with the world led to the cultural trend of Japonism, in which aspects of Japanese culture influenced art in Europe and America. Title: Valentí Almirall i Llozer Passage: Valentí Almirall i Llozer (; Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain, 8 March 1841 – 1904) was a Spanish politician, considered one of the fathers of modern Catalan nationalism, and more specifically, of the left-wing nationalism. Title: Seigō Nakano Passage: Nakano sought to bring about a rebirth of Japan through a blend of the samurai ethic, Neo-Confucianism, and populist nationalism modeled on European fascism. He saw Saigō Takamori as epitomizing the 'true spirit' of the Meiji "ishin", and the task of modern Japan to recapture it. Title: Classical Greece Passage: Classical Greece was a period of around 200 years (5th and 4th centuries BC) in Greek culture. This Classical period saw the annexation of much of modern - day Greece by the Persian Empire and its subsequent independence. Classical Greece had a powerful influence on the Roman Empire and on the foundations of western civilization. Much of modern Western politics, artistic thought (architecture, sculpture), scientific thought, theatre, literature, and philosophy derives from this period of Greek history. In the context of the art, architecture, and culture of Ancient Greece, the Classical period corresponds to most of the 5th and 4th centuries BC (the most common dates being the fall of the last Athenian tyrant in 510 BC and the death of Alexander the Great in 323 BC). The Classical period in this sense follows the Archaic period and is in turn succeeded by the Hellenistic period. Title: Modern history Passage: In Asia, various Chinese dynasties and Japanese shogunates controlled the Asian sphere. In Japan, the Edo period from 1600 to 1868 is also referred to as the early modern period. And in Korea, from the rising of Joseon Dynasty to the enthronement of King Gojong is referred to as the early modern period. In the Americas, Native Americans had built a large and varied civilization, including the Aztec Empire and alliance, the Inca civilization, the Mayan Empire and cities, and the Chibcha Confederation. In the west, the European kingdoms and movements were in a movement of reformation and expansion. Russia reached the Pacific coast in 1647 and consolidated its control over the Russian Far East in the 19th century. Title: Eagle's Nest Art Colony Passage: The Eagle's Nest Art Colony, the site known in more modern times as the Lorado Taft Field Campus, was founded in 1898 by American sculptor Lorado Taft on the bluffs flanking the east bank of the Rock River, overlooking Oregon, Illinois. The colony was populated by Chicago artists, all members of the Chicago Art Institute or the University of Chicago art department, who gathered in Ogle County to escape the summer heat of Chicago. The colony complex has been used as a field campus for Northern Illinois University since of Lowden State Park were turned over to the university by the state of Illinois. Title: Conscription in the United States Passage: In colonial times, the Thirteen Colonies used a militia system for defense. Colonial militia laws -- and after independence those of the United States and the various states -- required able - bodied males to enroll in the militia, to undergo a minimum of military training, and to serve for limited periods of time in war or emergency. This earliest form of conscription involved selective drafts of militiamen for service in particular campaigns. Following this system in its essentials, the Continental Congress in 1778 recommended that the states draft men from their militias for one year's service in the Continental army; this first national conscription was irregularly applied and failed to fill the Continental ranks. Title: Largest organisms Passage: If considered singular entities, the largest organisms are clonal colonies which can spread over large areas. Pando, a clonal colony of the aspen tree, is widely considered to be the largest such organism by mass. Even if such colonies are excluded, trees retain their dominance of this listing, with the giant sequoia being the most massive tree. In 2006 a huge clonal colony of Posidonia oceanica was discovered south of the island of Ibiza. At 8 kilometres (5.0 mi) across, and estimated at around 100,000 years old, it may be one of the largest and oldest clonal colonies on Earth. Title: Plymouth Colony Passage: Plymouth Colony (sometimes New Plymouth) was an English colonial venture in North America from 1620 to 1691. The first settlement of the Plymouth Colony was at New Plymouth, a location previously surveyed and named by Captain John Smith. The settlement served as the capital of the colony and developed as the modern town of Plymouth, Massachusetts. At its height, Plymouth Colony occupied most of the southeastern portion of the modern state of Massachusetts. Title: Perry Expedition Passage: The Perry Expedition was a diplomatic expedition to Bakumatsu period Japan, involving two separate trips by warships of the United States Navy, which took place during 1853 -- 54. The goals of this expedition included exploration, surveying, and the establishment of diplomatic relations and negotiation of trade agreements with various nations of the region; opening contact with the government of Japan was considered a top priority of the expedition, and was one of the key reasons for its inception. The expedition was commanded by Commodore Matthew Calbraith Perry, under orders from American President Millard Fillmore. Perry's primary goal was to force an end to Japan's 220 - year - old policy of isolation and to open Japanese ports to American trade, through the use of gunboat diplomacy if necessary. The Perry Expedition led directly to the establishment of diplomatic relations between Japan and the western ``Great Powers '', and eventually to the collapse of the ruling Tokugawa shogunate. Title: Kenya Passage: The African Great Lakes region, which Kenya is a part of, has been inhabited by humans since the Lower Paleolithic period. By the first millennium AD, the Bantu expansion had reached the area from West - Central Africa. The borders of the modern state consequently comprise the crossroads of the Niger - Congo, Nilo - Saharan and Afroasiatic areas of the continent, representing most major ethnolinguistic groups found in Africa. Bantu and Nilotic populations together constitute around 97% of the nation's residents. European and Arab presence in coastal Mombasa dates to the Early Modern period; European exploration of the interior began in the 19th century. The British Empire established the East Africa Protectorate in 1895, which starting in 1920 gave way to the Kenya Colony. Kenya obtained independence in December 1963, but remained a member of the Commonwealth of Nations. Following a referendum in August 2010 and adoption of a new constitution, Kenya is now divided into 47 semi-autonomous counties, governed by elected governors. Title: Japanese war crimes Passage: Outside Japan, different societies use widely different timeframes in defining Japanese war crimes. For example, the annexation of Korea by Japan in 1910 was enforced by the Japanese military, and the Society of Yi Dynasty Korea was switched to the political system of the Empire of Japan. Thus, North and South Korea refer to "Japanese war crimes" as events occurring during the period of Korea under Japanese rule.By comparison, the Western Allies did not come into military conflict with Japan until 1941, and North Americans, Australians, South East Asians and Europeans may consider "Japanese war crimes" to be events that occurred in 1942–1945.Japanese war crimes were not always carried out by ethnic Japanese personnel. A small minority of people in every Asian and Pacific country invaded or occupied by Japan collaborated with the Japanese military, or even served in it, for a wide variety of reasons, such as economic hardship, coercion, or antipathy to other imperialist powers.Japan's sovereignty over Korea and Formosa (Taiwan), in the first half of the 20th century, was recognized by international agreements—the Treaty of Shimonoseki (1895) and the Japan–Korea Annexation Treaty (1910)—and they were considered at the time to be integral parts of the Japanese Empire. Under the international law of today, there is a possibility the Japan-Korea Annexation Treaty was illegal, as the native populations were not consulted, there was armed resistance to Japan's annexations, and war crimes may also have been committed during the civil wars. Title: Ayyappa Paniker Passage: Dr. K. Ayyappa Paniker, sometimes spelt "Ayyappa Panicker" (12 September 1930 – 23 August 2006), was an influential Malayalam poet, literary critic, and an academic and a scholar in modern and post-modern literary theories as well as ancient Indian aesthetics and literary traditions. He was one of the pioneers of modernism in Malayalam poetry, where his seminal works like "Kurukshethram" (1960), considered a turning point in Malayalam poetry, "Ayyappapanikkarude Krithikal" and "Chintha" and several essays were an important influence on the playwrights of his generation. Title: Industrial Revolution Passage: The industrial revolution began about 1870 as Meiji period leaders decided to catch up with the West. The government built railroads, improved roads, and inaugurated a land reform programme to prepare the country for further development. It inaugurated a new Western - based education system for all young people, sent thousands of students to the United States and Europe, and hired more than 3,000 Westerners to teach modern science, mathematics, technology, and foreign languages in Japan (Foreign government advisors in Meiji Japan). Title: Middle Ages Passage: Medieval writers divided history into periods such as the "Six Ages" or the "Four Empires", and considered their time to be the last before the end of the world. When referring to their own times, they spoke of them as being "modern". In the 1330s, the humanist and poet Petrarch referred to pre-Christian times as antiqua (or "ancient") and to the Christian period as nova (or "new"). Leonardo Bruni was the first historian to use tripartite periodisation in his History of the Florentine People (1442). Bruni and later historians argued that Italy had recovered since Petrarch's time, and therefore added a third period to Petrarch's two. The "Middle Ages" first appears in Latin in 1469 as media tempestas or "middle season". In early usage, there were many variants, including medium aevum, or "middle age", first recorded in 1604, and media saecula, or "middle ages", first recorded in 1625. The alternative term "medieval" (or occasionally "mediaeval") derives from medium aevum. Tripartite periodisation became standard after the German 17th century historian Christoph Cellarius divided history into three periods: Ancient, Medieval, and Modern.	[ "Japanese colonial empire", "Modern history" ]
4hop1__102699_10079_503957_720028	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The eleven prefecture-level divisions of Zhejiang are subdivided into 90 county-level divisions (36 districts, 20 county-level cities, 33 counties, and one autonomous county). Those are in turn divided into 1,570 township-level divisions (761 towns, 505 townships, 14 ethnic townships, and 290 subdistricts). Hengdian belongs to Jinhua, which is the largest base of shooting films and TV dramas in China. Hengdian is called \"China's Hollywood\".", "title": "Zhejiang" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Vilnius County () is the largest of the 10 counties of Lithuania, located in the east of the country around the city Vilnius. On 1 July 2010, the county administration was abolished, and since that date, Vilnius County remains as the territorial and statistical unit.", "title": "Vilnius County" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The expansion of the Rus' put further military and economic pressure on the Khazars, depriving them of territory, tributaries, and trade. In around 890, Oleg waged an indecisive war in the lands of the lower Dniester and Dnieper rivers with the Tivertsi and the Ulichs, who were likely acting as vassals of the Magyars, blocking Rus' access to the Black Sea. In 894, the Magyars and Pechenegs were drawn into the wars between the Byzantines and the Bulgarian Empire. The Byzantines arranged for the Magyars to attack Bulgarian territory from the north, and Bulgaria in turn persuaded the Pechenegs to attack the Magyars from their rear. Boxed in, the Magyars were forced to migrate further west across the Carpathian Mountains into the Hungarian plain, depriving the Khazars of an important ally and a buffer from the Rus'. The migration of the Magyars allowed Rus' access to the Black Sea, and they soon launched excursions into Khazar territory along the sea coast, up the Don river, and into the lower Volga region. The Rus' were raiding and plundering into the Caspian Sea region from 864, with the first large-scale expedition in 913, when they extensively raided Baku, Gilan, Mazandaran and penetrated into the Caucasus.", "title": "Kievan Rus'" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The New Country () is a Swedish mini TV-series and feature film from 2000, directed by Geir Hansteen Jörgensen and written by Peter Birro and Lukas Moodysson. The mini-series version had a huge audience on national television, SVT and the feature film version won more awards around the world than any other Swedish feature in 2001. Some Swedish newspapers and critics has chosen The New Country as best Swedish TV mini-series ever and it is by many considered the beginning of Swedish \"multicultural\" cinema.", "title": "The New Country" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Africa is the world's second largest and second most - populous continent (behind Asia in both categories). At about 30.3 million km (11.7 million square miles) including adjacent islands, it covers 6% of Earth's total surface area and 20% of its land area. With 1.2 billion people as of 2016, it accounts for about 16% of the world's human population. The continent is surrounded by the Mediterranean Sea to the north, the Isthmus of Suez and the Red Sea to the northeast, the Indian Ocean to the southeast and the Atlantic Ocean to the west. The continent includes Madagascar and various archipelagos. It contains 54 fully recognised sovereign states (countries), nine territories and two de facto independent states with limited or no recognition. The majority of the continent and its countries are in the Northern Hemisphere, with a substantial portion and number of countries in the Southern Hemisphere.", "title": "Africa" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "April Showers is a 2009 American independent drama film written and directed by Andrew Robinson. It is based on the Columbine High School shootings of which Robinson is a survivor. The film was shot at Plattsmouth High School in Plattsmouth, Nebraska in May 2008.", "title": "April Showers (2009 film)" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Shouters, or more properly the Shouters sect (呼喊派), is a label attached by the People's Republic of China (PRC) to an amorphous group within China that was targeted by the government first as counterrevolutionaries and subsequently as a criminal cult after incidents in Dongyang and Yiwu counties in Zhejiang province in February 1982. \"The Shouters sect\" became the object of waves of arrests in 1983 and again in 1995. Several 1983 publications with ties to the Three-Self Patriotic Movement (TSPM) accused the late expatriate Chinese Christian teacher Witness Lee (Li Changshou) of being the leader of \"the Shouters sect\" and of instigating the disorders. In practice, however, the appellation \"the Shouters sect\" has been applied far more broadly to many groups that pray openly and audibly and/or do not register or otherwise cooperate with the TSPM. There is considerable reason to doubt the veracity of the reports which led to the condemnation of \"the Shouters sect\" and the association of them with Witness Lee or the local churches, and the local churches distance themselves from the Shouters.", "title": "The Shouters" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Brazil is the largest country in South America, encompassing around half of the continent's land area and population. The remaining countries and territories are divided among three regions: The Andean States, the Guianas and the Southern Cone.", "title": "South America" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "With an area of 2,700,000 square kilometres (1,000,000 sq mi) – equivalent in size to Western Europe – Kazakhstan is the ninth-largest country and largest landlocked country in the world. While it was part of the Soviet Union, Kazakhstan lost some of its territory to China's Xinjiang autonomous region and some to Uzbekistan's Karakalpakstan autonomous republic.", "title": "Kazakhstan" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Canada ( ) is a country in the northern part of North America. Its ten provinces and three territories extend from the Atlantic to the Pacific and northward into the Arctic Ocean, covering , making it the world's second-largest country by total area. Its southern border with the United States, stretching some , is the world's longest bi-national land border. Canada's capital is Ottawa, and its three largest metropolitan areas are Toronto, Montreal, and Vancouver.", "title": "Canada" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "As the 10th century progressed, the Khazars were no longer able to command tribute from the Volga Bulgars, and their relationship with the Byzantines deteriorated, as Byzantium increasingly allied with the Pechenegs against them. The Pechenegs were thus secure to raid the lands of the Khazars from their base between the Volga and Don rivers, allowing them to expand to the west. Rus' relations with the Pechenegs were complex, as the groups alternately formed alliances with and against one another. The Pechenegs were nomads roaming the steppe raising livestock which they traded with the Rus' for agricultural goods and other products. The lucrative Rus' trade with the Byzantine Empire had to pass through Pecheneg-controlled territory, so the need for generally peaceful relations was essential. Nevertheless, while the Primary Chronicle reports the Pechenegs entering Rus' territory in 915 and then making peace, they were waging war with one another again in 920. Pechenegs are reported assisting the Rus' in later campaigns against the Byzantines, yet allied with the Byzantines against the Rus' at other times.", "title": "Kievan Rus'" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Ji Ru () was a trusted personal servant of Emperor Gaozu, the founder of China's Han Dynasty. Louis Crompton claims that Ji Ru was Gaozu's pillow companion, or homosexual lover, and that Ji Ru had more access to the emperor than did ministers. Ji Ru was documented by Sima Qian in the \"Records of the Grand Historian\":", "title": "Ji Ru" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "A foreign direct investment (FDI) is an investment in the form of a controlling ownership in a business in one country by an entity based in another country. It is thus distinguished from a foreign portfolio investment by a notion of direct control.", "title": "Foreign direct investment" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Phantom Gondola (Italian:La gondola delle chimere) is a 1936 French-Italian drama film directed by Augusto Genina and starring Marcelle Chantal, Henri Rollan and Paul Bernard. The film was a co-production between the two countries shot at the Cines Studios in Rome and based on a 1926 novel by Maurice Dekobra.", "title": "The Phantom Gondola" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "They Met in Guayaquil (Spanish:Se conocieron en Guayaquil) is a 1949 Ecuadorian drama film directed by Paco Villar. The film was the first sound film made in Ecuador, which had a very small film industry at the time. The film was a commercial success on its release. The title refers to Guayaquil, the country's largest city. The production company followed it up with another sound film \"Dawn in Pichincha\" in 1950.", "title": "They Met in Guayaquil" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Cry, the Beloved Country is a 1995 South African-American drama film directed by Darrell Roodt, based on the novel \"Cry, the Beloved Country\" by Alan Paton. It stars James Earl Jones and Richard Harris.", "title": "Cry, the Beloved Country (1995 film)" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Jalsaghar ( \"Jalsāghar\", \"The Music Room\") is a 1958 Indian Bengali drama film written and directed by Satyajit Ray, based on a popular short story by Bengali writer Tarasankar Bandyopadhyay, and starring Chhabi Biswas. It was the fourth feature film directed by Ray. The shooting was done at Nimtita Raajbari, in Nimtita village, 10 kilometres from Murshidabad.", "title": "Jalsaghar" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Nambugun: North Korean Partisan in South Korea is a 1990 South Korean war drama film directed by Chung Ji-young. It is based upon the experiences of Lee Tae, a war correspondent during the Korean War.", "title": "Nambugun" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Traces of Love is a 2006 South Korean film directed by Kim Dae-seung, and starring Yoo Ji-tae, Kim Ji-soo, and Uhm Ji-won. The film is based on the Sampoong Department Store collapse, which took place in 1995.", "title": "Traces of Love" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Hengdian World Studios () is a film studio located in Hengdian, a Chinese town in the city of Dongyang, Jinhua, Zhejiang Province. It is the largest film studio in the world. The movie studio is operated by the privately owned Hengdian Group founded by Xu Wenrong. Sometimes called \"Chinawood\", Xu turned acres of farmland in central Zhejiang into one of the largest movie studios in Asia. Construction began in the mid-1990s and has been ongoing ever since with the possible recent addition of the replica of the Old Summer Palace. A film about extras working at the studio, \"I Am Somebody\", was released in China in 2015.", "title": "Hengdian World Studios" } ]	In Ji Ru's historic country, the largest base for shooting films and TV dramas is in what modern country?	PRC	[ "China", "People's Republic of China" ]	Title: South America Passage: Brazil is the largest country in South America, encompassing around half of the continent's land area and population. The remaining countries and territories are divided among three regions: The Andean States, the Guianas and the Southern Cone. Title: Foreign direct investment Passage: A foreign direct investment (FDI) is an investment in the form of a controlling ownership in a business in one country by an entity based in another country. It is thus distinguished from a foreign portfolio investment by a notion of direct control. Title: Kievan Rus' Passage: As the 10th century progressed, the Khazars were no longer able to command tribute from the Volga Bulgars, and their relationship with the Byzantines deteriorated, as Byzantium increasingly allied with the Pechenegs against them. The Pechenegs were thus secure to raid the lands of the Khazars from their base between the Volga and Don rivers, allowing them to expand to the west. Rus' relations with the Pechenegs were complex, as the groups alternately formed alliances with and against one another. The Pechenegs were nomads roaming the steppe raising livestock which they traded with the Rus' for agricultural goods and other products. The lucrative Rus' trade with the Byzantine Empire had to pass through Pecheneg-controlled territory, so the need for generally peaceful relations was essential. Nevertheless, while the Primary Chronicle reports the Pechenegs entering Rus' territory in 915 and then making peace, they were waging war with one another again in 920. Pechenegs are reported assisting the Rus' in later campaigns against the Byzantines, yet allied with the Byzantines against the Rus' at other times. Title: Cry, the Beloved Country (1995 film) Passage: Cry, the Beloved Country is a 1995 South African-American drama film directed by Darrell Roodt, based on the novel "Cry, the Beloved Country" by Alan Paton. It stars James Earl Jones and Richard Harris. Title: Kazakhstan Passage: With an area of 2,700,000 square kilometres (1,000,000 sq mi) – equivalent in size to Western Europe – Kazakhstan is the ninth-largest country and largest landlocked country in the world. While it was part of the Soviet Union, Kazakhstan lost some of its territory to China's Xinjiang autonomous region and some to Uzbekistan's Karakalpakstan autonomous republic. Title: They Met in Guayaquil Passage: They Met in Guayaquil (Spanish:Se conocieron en Guayaquil) is a 1949 Ecuadorian drama film directed by Paco Villar. The film was the first sound film made in Ecuador, which had a very small film industry at the time. The film was a commercial success on its release. The title refers to Guayaquil, the country's largest city. The production company followed it up with another sound film "Dawn in Pichincha" in 1950. Title: Nambugun Passage: Nambugun: North Korean Partisan in South Korea is a 1990 South Korean war drama film directed by Chung Ji-young. It is based upon the experiences of Lee Tae, a war correspondent during the Korean War. Title: April Showers (2009 film) Passage: April Showers is a 2009 American independent drama film written and directed by Andrew Robinson. It is based on the Columbine High School shootings of which Robinson is a survivor. The film was shot at Plattsmouth High School in Plattsmouth, Nebraska in May 2008. Title: Ji Ru Passage: Ji Ru () was a trusted personal servant of Emperor Gaozu, the founder of China's Han Dynasty. Louis Crompton claims that Ji Ru was Gaozu's pillow companion, or homosexual lover, and that Ji Ru had more access to the emperor than did ministers. Ji Ru was documented by Sima Qian in the "Records of the Grand Historian": Title: Africa Passage: Africa is the world's second largest and second most - populous continent (behind Asia in both categories). At about 30.3 million km (11.7 million square miles) including adjacent islands, it covers 6% of Earth's total surface area and 20% of its land area. With 1.2 billion people as of 2016, it accounts for about 16% of the world's human population. The continent is surrounded by the Mediterranean Sea to the north, the Isthmus of Suez and the Red Sea to the northeast, the Indian Ocean to the southeast and the Atlantic Ocean to the west. The continent includes Madagascar and various archipelagos. It contains 54 fully recognised sovereign states (countries), nine territories and two de facto independent states with limited or no recognition. The majority of the continent and its countries are in the Northern Hemisphere, with a substantial portion and number of countries in the Southern Hemisphere. Title: The Phantom Gondola Passage: The Phantom Gondola (Italian:La gondola delle chimere) is a 1936 French-Italian drama film directed by Augusto Genina and starring Marcelle Chantal, Henri Rollan and Paul Bernard. The film was a co-production between the two countries shot at the Cines Studios in Rome and based on a 1926 novel by Maurice Dekobra. Title: Traces of Love Passage: Traces of Love is a 2006 South Korean film directed by Kim Dae-seung, and starring Yoo Ji-tae, Kim Ji-soo, and Uhm Ji-won. The film is based on the Sampoong Department Store collapse, which took place in 1995. Title: Canada Passage: Canada ( ) is a country in the northern part of North America. Its ten provinces and three territories extend from the Atlantic to the Pacific and northward into the Arctic Ocean, covering , making it the world's second-largest country by total area. Its southern border with the United States, stretching some , is the world's longest bi-national land border. Canada's capital is Ottawa, and its three largest metropolitan areas are Toronto, Montreal, and Vancouver. Title: The New Country Passage: The New Country () is a Swedish mini TV-series and feature film from 2000, directed by Geir Hansteen Jörgensen and written by Peter Birro and Lukas Moodysson. The mini-series version had a huge audience on national television, SVT and the feature film version won more awards around the world than any other Swedish feature in 2001. Some Swedish newspapers and critics has chosen The New Country as best Swedish TV mini-series ever and it is by many considered the beginning of Swedish "multicultural" cinema. Title: The Shouters Passage: The Shouters, or more properly the Shouters sect (呼喊派), is a label attached by the People's Republic of China (PRC) to an amorphous group within China that was targeted by the government first as counterrevolutionaries and subsequently as a criminal cult after incidents in Dongyang and Yiwu counties in Zhejiang province in February 1982. "The Shouters sect" became the object of waves of arrests in 1983 and again in 1995. Several 1983 publications with ties to the Three-Self Patriotic Movement (TSPM) accused the late expatriate Chinese Christian teacher Witness Lee (Li Changshou) of being the leader of "the Shouters sect" and of instigating the disorders. In practice, however, the appellation "the Shouters sect" has been applied far more broadly to many groups that pray openly and audibly and/or do not register or otherwise cooperate with the TSPM. There is considerable reason to doubt the veracity of the reports which led to the condemnation of "the Shouters sect" and the association of them with Witness Lee or the local churches, and the local churches distance themselves from the Shouters. Title: Vilnius County Passage: Vilnius County () is the largest of the 10 counties of Lithuania, located in the east of the country around the city Vilnius. On 1 July 2010, the county administration was abolished, and since that date, Vilnius County remains as the territorial and statistical unit. Title: Jalsaghar Passage: Jalsaghar ( "Jalsāghar", "The Music Room") is a 1958 Indian Bengali drama film written and directed by Satyajit Ray, based on a popular short story by Bengali writer Tarasankar Bandyopadhyay, and starring Chhabi Biswas. It was the fourth feature film directed by Ray. The shooting was done at Nimtita Raajbari, in Nimtita village, 10 kilometres from Murshidabad. Title: Zhejiang Passage: The eleven prefecture-level divisions of Zhejiang are subdivided into 90 county-level divisions (36 districts, 20 county-level cities, 33 counties, and one autonomous county). Those are in turn divided into 1,570 township-level divisions (761 towns, 505 townships, 14 ethnic townships, and 290 subdistricts). Hengdian belongs to Jinhua, which is the largest base of shooting films and TV dramas in China. Hengdian is called "China's Hollywood". Title: Hengdian World Studios Passage: Hengdian World Studios () is a film studio located in Hengdian, a Chinese town in the city of Dongyang, Jinhua, Zhejiang Province. It is the largest film studio in the world. The movie studio is operated by the privately owned Hengdian Group founded by Xu Wenrong. Sometimes called "Chinawood", Xu turned acres of farmland in central Zhejiang into one of the largest movie studios in Asia. Construction began in the mid-1990s and has been ongoing ever since with the possible recent addition of the replica of the Old Summer Palace. A film about extras working at the studio, "I Am Somebody", was released in China in 2015. Title: Kievan Rus' Passage: The expansion of the Rus' put further military and economic pressure on the Khazars, depriving them of territory, tributaries, and trade. In around 890, Oleg waged an indecisive war in the lands of the lower Dniester and Dnieper rivers with the Tivertsi and the Ulichs, who were likely acting as vassals of the Magyars, blocking Rus' access to the Black Sea. In 894, the Magyars and Pechenegs were drawn into the wars between the Byzantines and the Bulgarian Empire. The Byzantines arranged for the Magyars to attack Bulgarian territory from the north, and Bulgaria in turn persuaded the Pechenegs to attack the Magyars from their rear. Boxed in, the Magyars were forced to migrate further west across the Carpathian Mountains into the Hungarian plain, depriving the Khazars of an important ally and a buffer from the Rus'. The migration of the Magyars allowed Rus' access to the Black Sea, and they soon launched excursions into Khazar territory along the sea coast, up the Don river, and into the lower Volga region. The Rus' were raiding and plundering into the Caspian Sea region from 864, with the first large-scale expedition in 913, when they extensively raided Baku, Gilan, Mazandaran and penetrated into the Caucasus.	[ "Zhejiang", "The Shouters", "Ji Ru", "Hengdian World Studios" ]
3hop1__103777_81195_59314	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Malton Range is a mountain range in southeastern British Columbia, Canada, located southwest of the Canoe Reach of Kinbasket Lake and east of the Albreda River, north of Dominion Mountain. It has an area of 451 km and is a subrange of the Monashee Mountains which in turn form part of the Columbia Mountains.", "title": "Malton Range" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Badshot Range is a subrange of the Duncan Ranges of the Selkirk Mountains of the Columbia Mountains in southeastern British Columbia, Canada, located west of Duncan Lake and Westfall River east of Trout Lake.", "title": "Badshot Range" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Otoroncane (possibly from Aymara \"uturunqa, uturunqha, uturunqu, uturunqhu\" tiger (here referring to the jaguar), \"-ni\" a suffix to indicate ownership, \"the one with the jaguar\") is a mountain in the Vilcanota mountain range in the Andes of Peru. It is situated in the Puno Region, Carabaya Province, Corani District. Otoroncane lies northwest of the mountains Pomanota, Jampatune and Sapanuta. The river Challapampa (possibly from Aymara for \"sand plain\") flows along its southern slopes.", "title": "Otoroncane (mountain)" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Columbia Bar, also frequently called the Columbia River Bar, is a system of bars and shoals at the mouth of the Columbia River spanning the U.S. states of Oregon and Washington. The bar is about 3 miles (5 km) wide and 6 miles (10 km) long.", "title": "Columbia Bar" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Klappan Range is a small subrange of the Skeena Mountains of the Interior Mountains, located between Klappan River and Iskut River in northern British Columbia, Canada.", "title": "Klappan Range" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The area receives about 820 millimetres (32.3 in) of annual rainfall, which is concentrated from June through September/October with little or no precipitation the remainder of the year. The area has two main seasons. The rainy season runs from June to October when winds bring in tropical moisture from the sea. The dry season runs from November to May, when the air is relatively drier. This dry season subdivides into a cold period and a warm period. The cold period spans from November to February when polar air masses push down from the north and keep the air fairly dry. The warm period extends from March to May when tropical winds again dominate but do not yet carry enough moisture for rain.", "title": "Mexico City" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Balkan mountains run laterally through the middle of the country. The mountainous southwest has two distinct alpine ranges—Rila and Pirin, which border the lower but more extensive Rhodope Mountains to the east. Musala, at 2,925 metres (9,596 ft), is the highest point in both Bulgaria and the Balkan peninsula, and the Black Sea coast is the country's lowest point. Plains occupy about one third of the territory, while plateaux and hills occupy 41%. Most rivers are short and with low water levels. The longest river located solely in Bulgarian territory, the Iskar, has a length of 368 kilometres (229 mi). Other major rivers include the Struma and the Maritsa in the south.Bulgaria has a changeable climate, which results from being positioned at the meeting point of the Mediterranean and continental air masses combined with the barrier effect of its mountains. Northern Bulgaria averages 1 °C (1.8 °F) cooler, and registers 200 millimetres (7.9 in) more precipitation, than the regions south of the Balkan mountains. Temperature amplitudes vary significantly in different areas. The lowest recorded temperature is −38.3 °C (−36.9 °F), while the highest is 45.2 °C (113.4 °F). Precipitation averages about 630 millimetres (24.8 in) per year, and varies from 500 millimetres (19.7 in) in Dobrudja to more than 2,500 millimetres (98.4 in) in the mountains. Continental air masses bring significant amounts of snowfall during winter.", "title": "Bulgaria" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Salloomt River is a river in the Bella Coola Valley of the Central Coast region of British Columbia, Canada. It is a tributary of the Bella Coola River, flowing southwest out of the southernmost Kitimat Ranges to meet that river just upstream from the community of Hagensborg.", "title": "Salloomt River" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Klinaklini Canyon is a canyon on the Klinaklini River in the Pacific Ranges of the Coast Mountains in British Columbia, Canada, located to the north of the head of Knight Inlet in the river's lowermost reaches, upstream from the confluence of the West Klinaklini River.", "title": "Klinaklini Canyon" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Although the centre and the eastern parts of the country are mostly flat, the west is mountainous. Both the Andes and Sierras Pampeanas affect the climate of Argentina, leading to differences in temperature, pressure, and spatial distribution of precipitation depending on the topography and altitude. Here, the Andes exert an important influence on the climate. Owing to the higher altitudes of the Andes north of 40 S, they completely block the normal westerly flow, preventing low pressure systems containing moisture from the Pacific Ocean from coming in. Thus, much of Argentina north of 40 S is dominated by wind circulation patterns from the South Atlantic High. South of 40 S, the Andes are lower in altitude, allowing much of Patagonia to be dominated by westerly winds and air masses from the Pacific Ocean. However, the north -- south orientation of the Andes creates a barrier for humid air masses originating from the Pacific Ocean. This is because they force these air masses upwards, cooling adiabactically. Most of the moisture is dropped on the Chilean side, causing abundant precipitation and cloudiness while on the Argentine side, the air warms adiabatically, causing it to become drier as it descends. Thus, an extensive rain -- shadow is present in much of Patagonia, causing it to receive very little precipitation. The Sierras Pampeanas influences the climate on a much smaller scale than the Andes.", "title": "Climate of Argentina" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Hernán Gumy (born 5 March 1972) is a former tennis player from Argentina, who turned professional in 1991. He represented his native country at the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta, Georgia, where he was defeated in the first round by Venezuela's Nicolas Pereira. Gumy made two finals in his career; both of them ATP 250s on clay in 1996. He won Santiago, Chile (his final tournament of 1996) by beating the Spanish World No. 15 Félix Mantilla in a tough three-setter: in the semi-finals, and the Chilean world number 11 Marcelo Ríos in the final 6-4, 7-5. He lost the other final he was in, in Oporto, Portugal to Spain's Félix Mantilla despite winning the first set.", "title": "Hernán Gumy" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Valhalla Ranges are a subrange of the Selkirk Mountains of the Columbia Mountains in southeastern British Columbia, Canada, located between Lower Arrow Lake of the Arrow Lakes and Slocan River.", "title": "Valhalla Ranges" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Slamgeesh Range is a small subrange of the Skeena Mountains of the Interior Mountains, located between the Skeena River and Slamgeesh River in northern British Columbia, Canada.", "title": "Slamgeesh Range" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "There is an average of forty - five inches of rain a year (fifty in the mountains). July storms account for much of this precipitation. As much as 15% of the rainfall during the warm season in the Carolinas can be attributed to tropical cyclones. Mountains usually see some snow in the fall and winter. Moist winds from the southwest drop an average of 80 inches (2,000 mm) of precipitation on the western side of the mountains, while the northeast - facing slopes average less than half that amount.", "title": "Climate of North Carolina" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Driftwood Range is a small subrange of the Skeena Mountains of the Interior Mountains, located between the headwaters of Driftwood River and Nilkitkwa River in northern British Columbia, Canada.", "title": "Driftwood Range" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Taylor Pass is a mountain pass in the Chilcotin Ranges of the Coast Mountains of British Columbia, Canada, located at the divide between the headwaters of the Taseko River and those of Gun Creek, a tributary of the Bridge River.", "title": "Taylor Pass (British Columbia)" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Ratchford Range is a subrange of the Monashee Mountains of the Columbia Mountains, located east of the Seymour River in British Columbia, Canada.", "title": "Ratchford Range" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Red River is a tributary of the Kechika River in the far north of British Columbia, Canada, flowing east to meet the Kechika from headwaters in the Cassiar Mountains. In its middle reaches it forms the boundary between the Dease Plateau (N) and the Cassiar Mountains (S) and for its final stretch it crosses part of the Liard Plain. It is crossed by an unnamed road about upstream from its confluence with the Kechika, and is just to the north of Aeroplane Lake.", "title": "Red River (British Columbia)" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Tropical and equatorial air masses are hot as they develop over lower latitudes. Those that develop over land (continental) are drier and hotter than those that develop over oceans, and travel poleward on the western periphery of the subtropical ridge. Maritime tropical air masses are sometimes referred to as trade air masses. Monsoon air masses are moist and unstable. Superior air masses are dry, and rarely reach the ground. They normally reside over maritime tropical air masses, forming a warmer and drier layer over the more moderate moist air mass below, forming what is known as a trade wind inversion over the maritime tropical air mass. Continental Polar air masses (cP) are air masses that are cold and dry due to their continental source region. Continental polar air masses that affect North America form over interior Canada. Continental Tropical air masses (cT) are a type of tropical air produced by the subtropical ridge over large areas of land and typically originate from low - latitude deserts such as the Sahara Desert in northern Africa, which is the major source of these air masses. Other less important sources producing cT air masses are the Arabian Peninsula, the central arid / semi-arid part of Australia and deserts lying in the Southwestern United States. Continental tropical air masses are extremely hot and dry.", "title": "Air mass" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Inambari River in southeastern Peru flows from the Cordillera Apolobamba in the Andes to the Madre de Dios River. The river spans the Puno and Madre de Dios regions.", "title": "Inambari River" } ]	Where does the columbia river meet the body of water where warm moist air mass over the Andes in the country Hernán Gumy originates?	Columbia Bar	[]	Title: Klinaklini Canyon Passage: Klinaklini Canyon is a canyon on the Klinaklini River in the Pacific Ranges of the Coast Mountains in British Columbia, Canada, located to the north of the head of Knight Inlet in the river's lowermost reaches, upstream from the confluence of the West Klinaklini River. Title: Red River (British Columbia) Passage: The Red River is a tributary of the Kechika River in the far north of British Columbia, Canada, flowing east to meet the Kechika from headwaters in the Cassiar Mountains. In its middle reaches it forms the boundary between the Dease Plateau (N) and the Cassiar Mountains (S) and for its final stretch it crosses part of the Liard Plain. It is crossed by an unnamed road about upstream from its confluence with the Kechika, and is just to the north of Aeroplane Lake. Title: Salloomt River Passage: The Salloomt River is a river in the Bella Coola Valley of the Central Coast region of British Columbia, Canada. It is a tributary of the Bella Coola River, flowing southwest out of the southernmost Kitimat Ranges to meet that river just upstream from the community of Hagensborg. Title: Inambari River Passage: The Inambari River in southeastern Peru flows from the Cordillera Apolobamba in the Andes to the Madre de Dios River. The river spans the Puno and Madre de Dios regions. Title: Klappan Range Passage: The Klappan Range is a small subrange of the Skeena Mountains of the Interior Mountains, located between Klappan River and Iskut River in northern British Columbia, Canada. Title: Bulgaria Passage: The Balkan mountains run laterally through the middle of the country. The mountainous southwest has two distinct alpine ranges—Rila and Pirin, which border the lower but more extensive Rhodope Mountains to the east. Musala, at 2,925 metres (9,596 ft), is the highest point in both Bulgaria and the Balkan peninsula, and the Black Sea coast is the country's lowest point. Plains occupy about one third of the territory, while plateaux and hills occupy 41%. Most rivers are short and with low water levels. The longest river located solely in Bulgarian territory, the Iskar, has a length of 368 kilometres (229 mi). Other major rivers include the Struma and the Maritsa in the south.Bulgaria has a changeable climate, which results from being positioned at the meeting point of the Mediterranean and continental air masses combined with the barrier effect of its mountains. Northern Bulgaria averages 1 °C (1.8 °F) cooler, and registers 200 millimetres (7.9 in) more precipitation, than the regions south of the Balkan mountains. Temperature amplitudes vary significantly in different areas. The lowest recorded temperature is −38.3 °C (−36.9 °F), while the highest is 45.2 °C (113.4 °F). Precipitation averages about 630 millimetres (24.8 in) per year, and varies from 500 millimetres (19.7 in) in Dobrudja to more than 2,500 millimetres (98.4 in) in the mountains. Continental air masses bring significant amounts of snowfall during winter. Title: Valhalla Ranges Passage: The Valhalla Ranges are a subrange of the Selkirk Mountains of the Columbia Mountains in southeastern British Columbia, Canada, located between Lower Arrow Lake of the Arrow Lakes and Slocan River. Title: Badshot Range Passage: The Badshot Range is a subrange of the Duncan Ranges of the Selkirk Mountains of the Columbia Mountains in southeastern British Columbia, Canada, located west of Duncan Lake and Westfall River east of Trout Lake. Title: Mexico City Passage: The area receives about 820 millimetres (32.3 in) of annual rainfall, which is concentrated from June through September/October with little or no precipitation the remainder of the year. The area has two main seasons. The rainy season runs from June to October when winds bring in tropical moisture from the sea. The dry season runs from November to May, when the air is relatively drier. This dry season subdivides into a cold period and a warm period. The cold period spans from November to February when polar air masses push down from the north and keep the air fairly dry. The warm period extends from March to May when tropical winds again dominate but do not yet carry enough moisture for rain. Title: Columbia Bar Passage: The Columbia Bar, also frequently called the Columbia River Bar, is a system of bars and shoals at the mouth of the Columbia River spanning the U.S. states of Oregon and Washington. The bar is about 3 miles (5 km) wide and 6 miles (10 km) long. Title: Hernán Gumy Passage: Hernán Gumy (born 5 March 1972) is a former tennis player from Argentina, who turned professional in 1991. He represented his native country at the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta, Georgia, where he was defeated in the first round by Venezuela's Nicolas Pereira. Gumy made two finals in his career; both of them ATP 250s on clay in 1996. He won Santiago, Chile (his final tournament of 1996) by beating the Spanish World No. 15 Félix Mantilla in a tough three-setter: in the semi-finals, and the Chilean world number 11 Marcelo Ríos in the final 6-4, 7-5. He lost the other final he was in, in Oporto, Portugal to Spain's Félix Mantilla despite winning the first set. Title: Climate of Argentina Passage: Although the centre and the eastern parts of the country are mostly flat, the west is mountainous. Both the Andes and Sierras Pampeanas affect the climate of Argentina, leading to differences in temperature, pressure, and spatial distribution of precipitation depending on the topography and altitude. Here, the Andes exert an important influence on the climate. Owing to the higher altitudes of the Andes north of 40 S, they completely block the normal westerly flow, preventing low pressure systems containing moisture from the Pacific Ocean from coming in. Thus, much of Argentina north of 40 S is dominated by wind circulation patterns from the South Atlantic High. South of 40 S, the Andes are lower in altitude, allowing much of Patagonia to be dominated by westerly winds and air masses from the Pacific Ocean. However, the north -- south orientation of the Andes creates a barrier for humid air masses originating from the Pacific Ocean. This is because they force these air masses upwards, cooling adiabactically. Most of the moisture is dropped on the Chilean side, causing abundant precipitation and cloudiness while on the Argentine side, the air warms adiabatically, causing it to become drier as it descends. Thus, an extensive rain -- shadow is present in much of Patagonia, causing it to receive very little precipitation. The Sierras Pampeanas influences the climate on a much smaller scale than the Andes. Title: Ratchford Range Passage: The Ratchford Range is a subrange of the Monashee Mountains of the Columbia Mountains, located east of the Seymour River in British Columbia, Canada. Title: Taylor Pass (British Columbia) Passage: Taylor Pass is a mountain pass in the Chilcotin Ranges of the Coast Mountains of British Columbia, Canada, located at the divide between the headwaters of the Taseko River and those of Gun Creek, a tributary of the Bridge River. Title: Slamgeesh Range Passage: The Slamgeesh Range is a small subrange of the Skeena Mountains of the Interior Mountains, located between the Skeena River and Slamgeesh River in northern British Columbia, Canada. Title: Air mass Passage: Tropical and equatorial air masses are hot as they develop over lower latitudes. Those that develop over land (continental) are drier and hotter than those that develop over oceans, and travel poleward on the western periphery of the subtropical ridge. Maritime tropical air masses are sometimes referred to as trade air masses. Monsoon air masses are moist and unstable. Superior air masses are dry, and rarely reach the ground. They normally reside over maritime tropical air masses, forming a warmer and drier layer over the more moderate moist air mass below, forming what is known as a trade wind inversion over the maritime tropical air mass. Continental Polar air masses (cP) are air masses that are cold and dry due to their continental source region. Continental polar air masses that affect North America form over interior Canada. Continental Tropical air masses (cT) are a type of tropical air produced by the subtropical ridge over large areas of land and typically originate from low - latitude deserts such as the Sahara Desert in northern Africa, which is the major source of these air masses. Other less important sources producing cT air masses are the Arabian Peninsula, the central arid / semi-arid part of Australia and deserts lying in the Southwestern United States. Continental tropical air masses are extremely hot and dry. Title: Otoroncane (mountain) Passage: Otoroncane (possibly from Aymara "uturunqa, uturunqha, uturunqu, uturunqhu" tiger (here referring to the jaguar), "-ni" a suffix to indicate ownership, "the one with the jaguar") is a mountain in the Vilcanota mountain range in the Andes of Peru. It is situated in the Puno Region, Carabaya Province, Corani District. Otoroncane lies northwest of the mountains Pomanota, Jampatune and Sapanuta. The river Challapampa (possibly from Aymara for "sand plain") flows along its southern slopes. Title: Driftwood Range Passage: The Driftwood Range is a small subrange of the Skeena Mountains of the Interior Mountains, located between the headwaters of Driftwood River and Nilkitkwa River in northern British Columbia, Canada. Title: Climate of North Carolina Passage: There is an average of forty - five inches of rain a year (fifty in the mountains). July storms account for much of this precipitation. As much as 15% of the rainfall during the warm season in the Carolinas can be attributed to tropical cyclones. Mountains usually see some snow in the fall and winter. Moist winds from the southwest drop an average of 80 inches (2,000 mm) of precipitation on the western side of the mountains, while the northeast - facing slopes average less than half that amount. Title: Malton Range Passage: The Malton Range is a mountain range in southeastern British Columbia, Canada, located southwest of the Canoe Reach of Kinbasket Lake and east of the Albreda River, north of Dominion Mountain. It has an area of 451 km and is a subrange of the Monashee Mountains which in turn form part of the Columbia Mountains.	[ "Columbia Bar", "Climate of Argentina", "Hernán Gumy" ]
3hop1__107398_466282_70752	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Stockholm Arlanda Airport (IATA: ARN, ICAO: ESSA), is an international airport located in the Sigtuna Municipality of Sweden, near the town of Märsta, 37 kilometres (23 mi) north of Stockholm and nearly 40 kilometres (25 mi) south - east of Uppsala. The airport is located within Stockholm County and the province of Uppland. It is the largest airport in Sweden and the third - largest airport in the Nordic countries. The airport is the major gateway to international air travel for large parts of Sweden. Arlanda Airport was used by close to 27 million passengers in 2017, with 21.2 million international passengers and 5.5 million domestic.", "title": "Stockholm Arlanda Airport" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Education in Stockholm goes back to 1583, when the small college Collegium Regium Stockholmense was founded in by King John III in Stockholm, Sweden.", "title": "Education in Stockholm" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "British Columbia Campbell River (Campbell River Airport) Dawson Creek (Dawson Creek Airport) Fort Nelson (Fort Nelson Airport) Fort St. John (Fort St. John Airport) Kamloops (Kamloops Airport) Kelowna (Kelowna International Airport) Prince George (Prince George Airport) Quesnel (Quesnel Airport) Smithers (Smithers Airport) Terrace (Northwest Regional Airport) Vancouver (Vancouver International Airport) Williams Lake (Williams Lake Airport)", "title": "Central Mountain Air" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "JSC National Air Carrier \"Kyrgyzstan Airlines\" () was the national airline of Kyrgyzstan, with its head office on the grounds of Manas International Airport in Bishkek. It operated scheduled international and domestic services, as well as charter flights. Its main base was Manas International Airport, with a hub at Osh Airport.", "title": "Kyrgyzstan Airlines" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "St. John's Antigua TAPA ANU V.C. Bird International Airport 17 ° 08 ′ 12 ''N 61 ° 47 ′ 34'' W / 17.13667 ° N 61.79278 ° W / 17.13667; - 61.79278 (VC Bird International Airport)", "title": "List of airports in Antigua and Barbuda" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In 2010, Indira Gandhi International Airport (IGIA) was conferred the fourth best airport award in the world in the 15–25 million category, and Best Improved Airport in the Asia-Pacific Region by Airports Council International. The airport was rated as the Best airport in the world in the 25–40 million passengers category in 2015, by Airports Council International.[not in citation given][better source needed] Delhi Airport also bags two awards for The Best Airport in Central Asia/India and Best Airport Staff in Central Asia/India at the Skytrax World Airport Awards 2015.", "title": "New Delhi" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Aeronaves Dominicanas or AERODOMCA is an air charter airline established in 1980 with facilities in Samaná El Catey International Airport, and main offices in the La Isabela International Airport, Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic.", "title": "Aeronaves Dominicanas" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "New York's airspace is the busiest in the United States and one of the world's busiest air transportation corridors. The three busiest airports in the New York metropolitan area include John F. Kennedy International Airport, Newark Liberty International Airport, and LaGuardia Airport; 109 million travelers used these three airports in 2012, and the city's airspace is the busiest in the nation. JFK and Newark Liberty were the busiest and fourth busiest U.S. gateways for international air passengers, respectively, in 2012; as of 2011, JFK was the busiest airport for international passengers in North America. Plans have advanced to expand passenger volume at a fourth airport, Stewart International Airport near Newburgh, New York, by the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey. Plans were announced in July 2015 to entirely rebuild LaGuardia Airport in a multibillion-dollar project to replace its aging facilities.", "title": "New York City" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Miami International Airport serves as the primary international airport of the Greater Miami Area. One of the busiest international airports in the world, Miami International Airport caters to over 35 million passengers a year. The airport is a major hub and the single largest international gateway for American Airlines. Miami International is the busiest airport in Florida, and is the United States' second-largest international port of entry for foreign air passengers behind New York's John F. Kennedy International Airport, and is the seventh-largest such gateway in the world. The airport's extensive international route network includes non-stop flights to over seventy international cities in North and South America, Europe, Asia, and the Middle East.", "title": "Miami" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Afrijet Airlines was an airline with its head office in the NAHCO Building on the grounds of Murtala Muhammed International Airport in Ikeja, Nigeria. It was established and started regional cargo operations in 1999. Its main base is Murtala Mohammed International Airport.", "title": "Afrijet Airlines" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In 2009 Tajikistan had 26 airports, 18 of which had paved runways, of which two had runways longer than 3,000 meters. The country's main airport is Dushanbe International Airport which as of April 2015, had regularly scheduled flights to major cities in Russia, Central Asia, as well as Delhi, Dubai, Frankfurt, Istanbul, Kabul, Tehran, and Ürümqi amongst others. There are also international flights, mainly to Russia, from Khujand Airport in the northern part of the country as well as limited international services from Kulob Airport, and Qurghonteppa International Airport. Khorog Airport is a domestic airport and also the only airport in the sparsely populated eastern half of the country.", "title": "Tajikistan" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Following its premiere at the 2013 Toronto International Film Festival, \"We Are the Best!\" was released in its home country of Sweden on 11 October 2013. The film was later released in Denmark on 29 May 2014 and in the United States (via limited release) on 30 May 2014.", "title": "We Are the Best!" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "PNG Air is an airline based on the grounds of Jacksons International Airport, Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea. It operates scheduled domestic and international flights, as well as contract corporate charter work. Its main base is Jacksons International Airport.", "title": "PNG Air" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "John C. Munro Hamilton International Airport (IATA: YHM, ICAO: CYHM) is an international airport located in Mount Hope, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. It is named for John Carr Munro, former Canadian Member of Parliament in Hamilton and cabinet minister. The airport is situated 11 km (6.8 mi) and 64 km (40 mi) southwest of Downtown Hamilton and Downtown Toronto, respectively. It is one of four airports serving Greater Toronto providing scheduled passenger service and serves as an alternate and reliever for nearby Toronto Pearson International Airport. Former British airline Flyglobespan referred to the airport as Toronto Hamilton International Airport.", "title": "John C. Munro Hamilton International Airport" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Primaris Airlines was an American charter airline located in Enterprise, Nevada, in the United States. It operated domestic and international services. Its main base was McCarran International Airport, Las Vegas.", "title": "Primaris Airlines" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Groupe Air Sénégal, operating as Senegal Airlines, was an airline with its head office on the property of Léopold Sédar Senghor International Airport in Dakar, Senegal. It operated a scheduled network in Senegal and neighbouring countries from its main base at Léopold Sédar Senghor International Airport.", "title": "Senegal Airlines" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Halcyonair, S.A. was an airline with its head office in Amílcar Cabral International Airport in Espargos, Sal, Cape Verde. It was established in April 2005 and operated domestic flights between the Cape Verde Islands from its main base Amílcar Cabral International Airport.", "title": "Halcyonair" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Air Georgian Limited is a privately owned airline based at Toronto Pearson International Airport in Mississauga, Ontario, Canada. Its main business is its operation as Air Canada Express on a Tier III codeshare with Air Canada for scheduled services on domestic and trans-border routes. Air Georgian is based at Toronto Pearson International Airport.", "title": "Air Georgian" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Continental Airlines Flight 603 was a scheduled McDonnell Douglas DC-10 flight between Los Angeles International Airport and Honolulu International Airport. On March 1, 1978, it crashed during an aborted takeoff, resulting in the deaths of four passengers.", "title": "Continental Airlines Flight 603" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Jade Cargo International was a cargo airline with its headquarters on the sixth floor of the Shenzhen Airlines Flight Operations Building at Shenzhen Bao'an International Airport, Bao'an District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China. It operated regular cargo services to Asia, Europe, South East Asia and the Middle East, plus a host of other worldwide destinations. It main base was Shenzhen Bao'an International Airport.", "title": "Jade Cargo International" } ]	What is the main international airport in the death place of John III of the country for We Are the Best!?	Stockholm Arlanda Airport	[ "Arlanda Airport", "ARN" ]	Title: List of airports in Antigua and Barbuda Passage: St. John's Antigua TAPA ANU V.C. Bird International Airport 17 ° 08 ′ 12 ''N 61 ° 47 ′ 34'' W / 17.13667 ° N 61.79278 ° W / 17.13667; - 61.79278 (VC Bird International Airport) Title: Central Mountain Air Passage: British Columbia Campbell River (Campbell River Airport) Dawson Creek (Dawson Creek Airport) Fort Nelson (Fort Nelson Airport) Fort St. John (Fort St. John Airport) Kamloops (Kamloops Airport) Kelowna (Kelowna International Airport) Prince George (Prince George Airport) Quesnel (Quesnel Airport) Smithers (Smithers Airport) Terrace (Northwest Regional Airport) Vancouver (Vancouver International Airport) Williams Lake (Williams Lake Airport) Title: Continental Airlines Flight 603 Passage: Continental Airlines Flight 603 was a scheduled McDonnell Douglas DC-10 flight between Los Angeles International Airport and Honolulu International Airport. On March 1, 1978, it crashed during an aborted takeoff, resulting in the deaths of four passengers. Title: Education in Stockholm Passage: Education in Stockholm goes back to 1583, when the small college Collegium Regium Stockholmense was founded in by King John III in Stockholm, Sweden. Title: Kyrgyzstan Airlines Passage: JSC National Air Carrier "Kyrgyzstan Airlines" () was the national airline of Kyrgyzstan, with its head office on the grounds of Manas International Airport in Bishkek. It operated scheduled international and domestic services, as well as charter flights. Its main base was Manas International Airport, with a hub at Osh Airport. Title: Tajikistan Passage: In 2009 Tajikistan had 26 airports, 18 of which had paved runways, of which two had runways longer than 3,000 meters. The country's main airport is Dushanbe International Airport which as of April 2015, had regularly scheduled flights to major cities in Russia, Central Asia, as well as Delhi, Dubai, Frankfurt, Istanbul, Kabul, Tehran, and Ürümqi amongst others. There are also international flights, mainly to Russia, from Khujand Airport in the northern part of the country as well as limited international services from Kulob Airport, and Qurghonteppa International Airport. Khorog Airport is a domestic airport and also the only airport in the sparsely populated eastern half of the country. Title: PNG Air Passage: PNG Air is an airline based on the grounds of Jacksons International Airport, Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea. It operates scheduled domestic and international flights, as well as contract corporate charter work. Its main base is Jacksons International Airport. Title: Primaris Airlines Passage: Primaris Airlines was an American charter airline located in Enterprise, Nevada, in the United States. It operated domestic and international services. Its main base was McCarran International Airport, Las Vegas. Title: We Are the Best! Passage: Following its premiere at the 2013 Toronto International Film Festival, "We Are the Best!" was released in its home country of Sweden on 11 October 2013. The film was later released in Denmark on 29 May 2014 and in the United States (via limited release) on 30 May 2014. Title: Senegal Airlines Passage: Groupe Air Sénégal, operating as Senegal Airlines, was an airline with its head office on the property of Léopold Sédar Senghor International Airport in Dakar, Senegal. It operated a scheduled network in Senegal and neighbouring countries from its main base at Léopold Sédar Senghor International Airport. Title: Afrijet Airlines Passage: Afrijet Airlines was an airline with its head office in the NAHCO Building on the grounds of Murtala Muhammed International Airport in Ikeja, Nigeria. It was established and started regional cargo operations in 1999. Its main base is Murtala Mohammed International Airport. Title: Jade Cargo International Passage: Jade Cargo International was a cargo airline with its headquarters on the sixth floor of the Shenzhen Airlines Flight Operations Building at Shenzhen Bao'an International Airport, Bao'an District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China. It operated regular cargo services to Asia, Europe, South East Asia and the Middle East, plus a host of other worldwide destinations. It main base was Shenzhen Bao'an International Airport. Title: Aeronaves Dominicanas Passage: Aeronaves Dominicanas or AERODOMCA is an air charter airline established in 1980 with facilities in Samaná El Catey International Airport, and main offices in the La Isabela International Airport, Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic. Title: Miami Passage: Miami International Airport serves as the primary international airport of the Greater Miami Area. One of the busiest international airports in the world, Miami International Airport caters to over 35 million passengers a year. The airport is a major hub and the single largest international gateway for American Airlines. Miami International is the busiest airport in Florida, and is the United States' second-largest international port of entry for foreign air passengers behind New York's John F. Kennedy International Airport, and is the seventh-largest such gateway in the world. The airport's extensive international route network includes non-stop flights to over seventy international cities in North and South America, Europe, Asia, and the Middle East. Title: John C. Munro Hamilton International Airport Passage: John C. Munro Hamilton International Airport (IATA: YHM, ICAO: CYHM) is an international airport located in Mount Hope, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. It is named for John Carr Munro, former Canadian Member of Parliament in Hamilton and cabinet minister. The airport is situated 11 km (6.8 mi) and 64 km (40 mi) southwest of Downtown Hamilton and Downtown Toronto, respectively. It is one of four airports serving Greater Toronto providing scheduled passenger service and serves as an alternate and reliever for nearby Toronto Pearson International Airport. Former British airline Flyglobespan referred to the airport as Toronto Hamilton International Airport. Title: Halcyonair Passage: Halcyonair, S.A. was an airline with its head office in Amílcar Cabral International Airport in Espargos, Sal, Cape Verde. It was established in April 2005 and operated domestic flights between the Cape Verde Islands from its main base Amílcar Cabral International Airport. Title: Air Georgian Passage: Air Georgian Limited is a privately owned airline based at Toronto Pearson International Airport in Mississauga, Ontario, Canada. Its main business is its operation as Air Canada Express on a Tier III codeshare with Air Canada for scheduled services on domestic and trans-border routes. Air Georgian is based at Toronto Pearson International Airport. Title: New Delhi Passage: In 2010, Indira Gandhi International Airport (IGIA) was conferred the fourth best airport award in the world in the 15–25 million category, and Best Improved Airport in the Asia-Pacific Region by Airports Council International. The airport was rated as the Best airport in the world in the 25–40 million passengers category in 2015, by Airports Council International.[not in citation given][better source needed] Delhi Airport also bags two awards for The Best Airport in Central Asia/India and Best Airport Staff in Central Asia/India at the Skytrax World Airport Awards 2015. Title: Stockholm Arlanda Airport Passage: Stockholm Arlanda Airport (IATA: ARN, ICAO: ESSA), is an international airport located in the Sigtuna Municipality of Sweden, near the town of Märsta, 37 kilometres (23 mi) north of Stockholm and nearly 40 kilometres (25 mi) south - east of Uppsala. The airport is located within Stockholm County and the province of Uppland. It is the largest airport in Sweden and the third - largest airport in the Nordic countries. The airport is the major gateway to international air travel for large parts of Sweden. Arlanda Airport was used by close to 27 million passengers in 2017, with 21.2 million international passengers and 5.5 million domestic. Title: New York City Passage: New York's airspace is the busiest in the United States and one of the world's busiest air transportation corridors. The three busiest airports in the New York metropolitan area include John F. Kennedy International Airport, Newark Liberty International Airport, and LaGuardia Airport; 109 million travelers used these three airports in 2012, and the city's airspace is the busiest in the nation. JFK and Newark Liberty were the busiest and fourth busiest U.S. gateways for international air passengers, respectively, in 2012; as of 2011, JFK was the busiest airport for international passengers in North America. Plans have advanced to expand passenger volume at a fourth airport, Stewart International Airport near Newburgh, New York, by the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey. Plans were announced in July 2015 to entirely rebuild LaGuardia Airport in a multibillion-dollar project to replace its aging facilities.	[ "Stockholm Arlanda Airport", "Education in Stockholm", "We Are the Best!" ]
2hop__5501_23199	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Mysore region is an unofficial region that is part of Karnataka state in southern India. It forms approximately the southern half of the non-coastal areas of that state. The area corresponds almost exactly to that of the erstwhile princely state of Mysore. Almost all of that principality, with the exception of a few areas that now lie in neighbouring states, is comprehended by this term.", "title": "Mysore (region)" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "If the current DR 'goes down' the current BDR becomes the new DR and a new election takes place to find another BDR. If the new DR then 'goes down' and the original DR is now available, still previously chosen BDR will become DR.DR's exist for the purpose of reducing network traffic by providing a source for routing updates. The DR maintains a complete topology table of the network and sends the updates to the other routers via multicast. All routers in a multi-access network segment will form a slave/master relationship with the DR. They will form adjacencies with the DR and BDR only. Every time a router sends an update, it sends it to the DR and BDR on the multicast address 224.0.0.6. The DR will then send the update out to all other routers in the area, to the multicast address 224.0.0.5. This way all the routers do not have to constantly update each other, and can rather get all their updates from a single source. The use of multicasting further reduces the network load. DRs and BDRs are always setup/elected on OSPF broadcast networks. DR's can also be elected on NBMA (Non-Broadcast Multi-Access) networks such as Frame Relay or ATM. DRs or BDRs are not elected on point-to-point links (such as a point-to-point WAN connection) because the two routers on either sides of the link must become fully adjacent and the bandwidth between them cannot be further optimized. DR and non-DR routers evolve from 2-way to full adjacency relationships by exchanging DD, Request, and Update.", "title": "Open Shortest Path First" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "23 of the NHL's 31 teams will have participated in an outdoor regular - season game. The eight that have not are Arizona, Carolina, Columbus, Dallas, Florida, Nashville, Tampa Bay and Vegas. 12 teams will have played more than one game. Chicago will have made the most appearances (5). 19 metropolitan areas (out of 28 represented among the league's 31 teams) will have hosted the 25 outdoor regulation games. In addition to the eight metropolitan areas represented by teams that have not played in any outdoor games, Montreal has played in outdoor games but has yet to host any themselves (although New Jersey has also not yet hosted a home game in its home state, its home city of Newark is still part of the New York metropolitan area.) New York City will have hosted three times. Chicago, Massachusetts, Maryland -- DC, and Pittsburgh will have each hosted twice. Yankee Stadium and Heinz Field will have each hosted two games. No non-NHL (neutral site) market has yet hosted a regular season outdoor game. Notre Dame, Indiana will be the first non-NHL market to host an outdoor game when it hosts the 2019 Winter Classic.", "title": "NHL outdoor games" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Femi Babatunde Ijanikin (born December 13, 1986 in Ilorin) is a Nigerian football player currently playing with the Kwara United F.C. of Ilorin.", "title": "Femi Babatunde" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Several famous people have Ashkenazi as a surname, such as Vladimir Ashkenazy. However, most people with this surname hail from within Sephardic communities, particularly from the Syrian Jewish community. The Sephardic carriers of the surname would have some Ashkenazi ancestors since the surname was adopted by families who were initially of Ashkenazic origins who moved to Sephardi countries and joined those communities. Ashkenazi would be formally adopted as the family surname having started off as a nickname imposed by their adopted communities. Some have shortened the name to Ash.", "title": "Ashkenazi Jews" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Israel is widely believed to possess weapons of mass destruction, and to be one of four nuclear-armed countries not recognized as a Nuclear Weapons State by the Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT). The US Congress Office of Technology Assessment has recorded Israel as a country generally reported as having undeclared chemical warfare capabilities, and an offensive biological warfare program. Officially, Israel neither confirms nor denies possessing nuclear weapons.", "title": "Israel and weapons of mass destruction" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Group Areas Act was the title of three acts of the Parliament of South Africa enacted under the apartheid government of South Africa. The acts assigned racial groups to different residential and business sections in urban areas in a system of urban apartheid. An effect of the law was to exclude non-Whites from living in the most developed areas, which were restricted to Whites (e.g., Sea Point, Lansdowne, Cape Town, Claremont, Cape Town). It caused many non-Whites to have to commute large distances from their homes in order to be able to work. The law led to non-Whites being forcibly removed for living in the ``wrong ''areas. The non-white majority were given much smaller areas (e.g., Tongaat, Grassy Park) to live in than the white minority who owned most of the country. Pass Laws required that non-Whites carry pass books, and later 'reference books' (similar to passports) to enter the 'white' parts of the country.", "title": "Group Areas Act" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Since May 2004, with the accession of the Baltic states and Poland, the Baltic Sea has been almost entirely surrounded by countries of the European Union (EU). The only remaining non-EU shore areas are Russian: the Saint Petersburg area and the exclave of the Kaliningrad Oblast.", "title": "Baltic Sea" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The United States provides Egypt with annual military assistance, which in 2015 amounted to US$1.3 billion. In 1989, Egypt was designated as a major non-NATO ally of the United States. Nevertheless, ties between the two countries have partially soured since the July 2013 military coup that deposed Islamist president Mohamed Morsi, with the Obama administration condemning Egypt's violent crackdown on the Muslim Brotherhood and its supporters, and cancelling future military exercises involving the two countries. There have been recent attempts, however, to normalise relations between the two, with both governments frequently calling for mutual support in the fight against regional and international terrorism.", "title": "Egypt" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Babatunde Niyi Ogunlana (born August 14, 1984 in Patako) is a former Nigerian football player, who was last playing for Kwara United F.C. of Ilorin.", "title": "Niyi Ogunlana" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Drafting Committee -- Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Union Powers Committee -- Jawaharlal Nehru Union Constitution Committee -- Jawaharlal Nehru Provincial Constitution Committee -- Sardar Patel Advisory Committee on Fundamental Rights, Minorities and Tribal and Excluded Areas -- Sardar Patel. This committee had the following subcommittees: Fundamental Rights Sub-Committee -- J.B. Kripalani Minorities Sub-Committee -- Harendra Coomar Mookerjee, North - East Frontier Tribal Areas and Assam Excluded & Partially Excluded Areas Sub-Committee -- Gopinath Bardoloi Excluded and Partially Excluded Areas (Other than those in Assam) Sub-Committee -- A.V. Thakkar Rules of Procedure Committee -- Dr. Rajendra Prasad States Committee (Committee for Negotiating with States) -- Jawaharlal Nehru Steering Committee -- Dr. Rajendra Prasad", "title": "Constituent Assembly of India" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Nigeria is divided into thirty-six states and one Federal Capital Territory, which are further sub-divided into 774 Local Government Areas (LGAs). The plethora of states, of which there were only three at independence, reflect the country's tumultuous history and the difficulties of managing such a heterogeneous national entity at all levels of government. In some contexts, the states are aggregated into six geopolitical zones: North West, North East, North Central, South East, South South, and South West.", "title": "Nigeria" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "While debating on DPSP in the Constituent Assembly, Dr. Ambedkar stated on 19 November 1948 as given below high lighting that the DPSP shall be the basis of future governance of the country:", "title": "Directive Principles" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "As of 24 August 143 people have been killed in Nepal; 1.7 million have been affected by them, and around 461,000 have been forced out of their residences. Over 34,000 homes were flooded, destroying 1,000. Parts of the Mahendra Highway, the most important east-west connection in the country, were washed away, and agricultural experts predicted that the country's rice production would be adversely affected. The runway of Biratnagar Airport was flooded and the airport was forced to close on 15 August.Experts stated that the flooding was the worst seen by Nepal in several years; about one-third of the country was flooded, much of it in the poorest areas of the country.", "title": "2017 South Asian floods" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Some bar-tailed godwits Limosa lapponica have the longest known non-stop flight of any migrant, flying 11,000 km from Alaska to their New Zealand non-breeding areas. Prior to migration, 55 percent of their bodyweight is stored as fat to fuel this uninterrupted journey.", "title": "Bird migration" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Population by continent (2016 estimates) Continent Density (inhabitants / km) Population (millions) Most populous country Most populous city (metropolitan area) Asia 96.4 4,436 1,382,300,000 - China 35,676,000 / 13,634,685 - Greater Tokyo Area / Tokyo Metropolis Africa 36.7 1,216 0186,987,000 - Nigeria 21,000,000 - Lagos Europe 72.9 738 0145,939,000 - Russia; approx. 112 million in Europe) 15,029,231 - Istanbul North America 22.9 579 0324,991,600 - United States 23,723,696 / 8,537,673 - New York Metropolitan Area / New York City South America 22.8 422 0209,567,000 - Brazil 27,640,577 / 11,316,149 - Metro Area / São Paulo City Oceania 4.5 39.9 0024,458,800 - Australia 5,005,400 - Sydney Antarctica 0.0003 (varies) 0.004 in summer (non-permanent, varies) N / A 1,200 (non-permanent, varies) - McMurdo Station", "title": "World population" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Boll Weevil Monument in downtown Enterprise, Alabama, United States is a prominent landmark and tribute erected by the citizens of Enterprise in 1919 to show their appreciation to an insect, the boll weevil, for its profound influence on the area's agriculture and economy. Hailing the beetle as a ``herald of prosperity, ''it stands as the world's first monument built to honor an agricultural pest.", "title": "Boll Weevil Monument" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "An Indian reservation is a legal designation for an area of land managed by a federally recognized Native American tribe under the U.S. Bureau of Indian Affairs rather than the state governments of the United States in which they are physically located. Each of the 326 Indian reservations in the United States are associated with a particular Native American nation. Not all of the country's 567 recognized tribes have a reservation -- some tribes have more than one reservation, some share reservations, while others have none. In addition, because of past land allotments, leading to some sales to non-Native Americans, some reservations are severely fragmented, with each piece of tribal, individual, and privately held land being a separate enclave. This jumble of private and public real estate creates significant administrative, political, and legal difficulties.", "title": "Indian reservation" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Executive Directors and Under-Secretaries General of the UN\n2011–present Dr Babatunde Osotimehin (Nigeria)\n2000–2010 Ms Thoraya Ahmed Obaid (Saudi Arabia)\n1987–2000 Dr Nafis Sadik (Pakistan)\n1969–87 Mr Rafael M. Salas (Philippines)", "title": "United Nations Population Fund" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Emperor's Snuff-Box is a non-series mystery novel (1942) by mystery novelist John Dickson Carr. The detective is psychologist Dr. Dermot Kinross.", "title": "The Emperor's Snuff-Box" } ]	hat non-state area is in the country Dr Babatunde Osotimehin hailed from?	Federal Capital Territory	[]	Title: Baltic Sea Passage: Since May 2004, with the accession of the Baltic states and Poland, the Baltic Sea has been almost entirely surrounded by countries of the European Union (EU). The only remaining non-EU shore areas are Russian: the Saint Petersburg area and the exclave of the Kaliningrad Oblast. Title: Niyi Ogunlana Passage: Babatunde Niyi Ogunlana (born August 14, 1984 in Patako) is a former Nigerian football player, who was last playing for Kwara United F.C. of Ilorin. Title: Directive Principles Passage: While debating on DPSP in the Constituent Assembly, Dr. Ambedkar stated on 19 November 1948 as given below high lighting that the DPSP shall be the basis of future governance of the country: Title: Indian reservation Passage: An Indian reservation is a legal designation for an area of land managed by a federally recognized Native American tribe under the U.S. Bureau of Indian Affairs rather than the state governments of the United States in which they are physically located. Each of the 326 Indian reservations in the United States are associated with a particular Native American nation. Not all of the country's 567 recognized tribes have a reservation -- some tribes have more than one reservation, some share reservations, while others have none. In addition, because of past land allotments, leading to some sales to non-Native Americans, some reservations are severely fragmented, with each piece of tribal, individual, and privately held land being a separate enclave. This jumble of private and public real estate creates significant administrative, political, and legal difficulties. Title: United Nations Population Fund Passage: Executive Directors and Under-Secretaries General of the UN 2011–present Dr Babatunde Osotimehin (Nigeria) 2000–2010 Ms Thoraya Ahmed Obaid (Saudi Arabia) 1987–2000 Dr Nafis Sadik (Pakistan) 1969–87 Mr Rafael M. Salas (Philippines) Title: Bird migration Passage: Some bar-tailed godwits Limosa lapponica have the longest known non-stop flight of any migrant, flying 11,000 km from Alaska to their New Zealand non-breeding areas. Prior to migration, 55 percent of their bodyweight is stored as fat to fuel this uninterrupted journey. Title: Constituent Assembly of India Passage: Drafting Committee -- Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Union Powers Committee -- Jawaharlal Nehru Union Constitution Committee -- Jawaharlal Nehru Provincial Constitution Committee -- Sardar Patel Advisory Committee on Fundamental Rights, Minorities and Tribal and Excluded Areas -- Sardar Patel. This committee had the following subcommittees: Fundamental Rights Sub-Committee -- J.B. Kripalani Minorities Sub-Committee -- Harendra Coomar Mookerjee, North - East Frontier Tribal Areas and Assam Excluded & Partially Excluded Areas Sub-Committee -- Gopinath Bardoloi Excluded and Partially Excluded Areas (Other than those in Assam) Sub-Committee -- A.V. Thakkar Rules of Procedure Committee -- Dr. Rajendra Prasad States Committee (Committee for Negotiating with States) -- Jawaharlal Nehru Steering Committee -- Dr. Rajendra Prasad Title: World population Passage: Population by continent (2016 estimates) Continent Density (inhabitants / km) Population (millions) Most populous country Most populous city (metropolitan area) Asia 96.4 4,436 1,382,300,000 - China 35,676,000 / 13,634,685 - Greater Tokyo Area / Tokyo Metropolis Africa 36.7 1,216 0186,987,000 - Nigeria 21,000,000 - Lagos Europe 72.9 738 0145,939,000 - Russia; approx. 112 million in Europe) 15,029,231 - Istanbul North America 22.9 579 0324,991,600 - United States 23,723,696 / 8,537,673 - New York Metropolitan Area / New York City South America 22.8 422 0209,567,000 - Brazil 27,640,577 / 11,316,149 - Metro Area / São Paulo City Oceania 4.5 39.9 0024,458,800 - Australia 5,005,400 - Sydney Antarctica 0.0003 (varies) 0.004 in summer (non-permanent, varies) N / A 1,200 (non-permanent, varies) - McMurdo Station Title: The Emperor's Snuff-Box Passage: The Emperor's Snuff-Box is a non-series mystery novel (1942) by mystery novelist John Dickson Carr. The detective is psychologist Dr. Dermot Kinross. Title: Egypt Passage: The United States provides Egypt with annual military assistance, which in 2015 amounted to US$1.3 billion. In 1989, Egypt was designated as a major non-NATO ally of the United States. Nevertheless, ties between the two countries have partially soured since the July 2013 military coup that deposed Islamist president Mohamed Morsi, with the Obama administration condemning Egypt's violent crackdown on the Muslim Brotherhood and its supporters, and cancelling future military exercises involving the two countries. There have been recent attempts, however, to normalise relations between the two, with both governments frequently calling for mutual support in the fight against regional and international terrorism. Title: 2017 South Asian floods Passage: As of 24 August 143 people have been killed in Nepal; 1.7 million have been affected by them, and around 461,000 have been forced out of their residences. Over 34,000 homes were flooded, destroying 1,000. Parts of the Mahendra Highway, the most important east-west connection in the country, were washed away, and agricultural experts predicted that the country's rice production would be adversely affected. The runway of Biratnagar Airport was flooded and the airport was forced to close on 15 August.Experts stated that the flooding was the worst seen by Nepal in several years; about one-third of the country was flooded, much of it in the poorest areas of the country. Title: Femi Babatunde Passage: Femi Babatunde Ijanikin (born December 13, 1986 in Ilorin) is a Nigerian football player currently playing with the Kwara United F.C. of Ilorin. Title: Israel and weapons of mass destruction Passage: Israel is widely believed to possess weapons of mass destruction, and to be one of four nuclear-armed countries not recognized as a Nuclear Weapons State by the Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT). The US Congress Office of Technology Assessment has recorded Israel as a country generally reported as having undeclared chemical warfare capabilities, and an offensive biological warfare program. Officially, Israel neither confirms nor denies possessing nuclear weapons. Title: Group Areas Act Passage: Group Areas Act was the title of three acts of the Parliament of South Africa enacted under the apartheid government of South Africa. The acts assigned racial groups to different residential and business sections in urban areas in a system of urban apartheid. An effect of the law was to exclude non-Whites from living in the most developed areas, which were restricted to Whites (e.g., Sea Point, Lansdowne, Cape Town, Claremont, Cape Town). It caused many non-Whites to have to commute large distances from their homes in order to be able to work. The law led to non-Whites being forcibly removed for living in the ``wrong ''areas. The non-white majority were given much smaller areas (e.g., Tongaat, Grassy Park) to live in than the white minority who owned most of the country. Pass Laws required that non-Whites carry pass books, and later 'reference books' (similar to passports) to enter the 'white' parts of the country. Title: Boll Weevil Monument Passage: The Boll Weevil Monument in downtown Enterprise, Alabama, United States is a prominent landmark and tribute erected by the citizens of Enterprise in 1919 to show their appreciation to an insect, the boll weevil, for its profound influence on the area's agriculture and economy. Hailing the beetle as a ``herald of prosperity, ''it stands as the world's first monument built to honor an agricultural pest. Title: Ashkenazi Jews Passage: Several famous people have Ashkenazi as a surname, such as Vladimir Ashkenazy. However, most people with this surname hail from within Sephardic communities, particularly from the Syrian Jewish community. The Sephardic carriers of the surname would have some Ashkenazi ancestors since the surname was adopted by families who were initially of Ashkenazic origins who moved to Sephardi countries and joined those communities. Ashkenazi would be formally adopted as the family surname having started off as a nickname imposed by their adopted communities. Some have shortened the name to Ash. Title: NHL outdoor games Passage: 23 of the NHL's 31 teams will have participated in an outdoor regular - season game. The eight that have not are Arizona, Carolina, Columbus, Dallas, Florida, Nashville, Tampa Bay and Vegas. 12 teams will have played more than one game. Chicago will have made the most appearances (5). 19 metropolitan areas (out of 28 represented among the league's 31 teams) will have hosted the 25 outdoor regulation games. In addition to the eight metropolitan areas represented by teams that have not played in any outdoor games, Montreal has played in outdoor games but has yet to host any themselves (although New Jersey has also not yet hosted a home game in its home state, its home city of Newark is still part of the New York metropolitan area.) New York City will have hosted three times. Chicago, Massachusetts, Maryland -- DC, and Pittsburgh will have each hosted twice. Yankee Stadium and Heinz Field will have each hosted two games. No non-NHL (neutral site) market has yet hosted a regular season outdoor game. Notre Dame, Indiana will be the first non-NHL market to host an outdoor game when it hosts the 2019 Winter Classic. Title: Open Shortest Path First Passage: If the current DR 'goes down' the current BDR becomes the new DR and a new election takes place to find another BDR. If the new DR then 'goes down' and the original DR is now available, still previously chosen BDR will become DR.DR's exist for the purpose of reducing network traffic by providing a source for routing updates. The DR maintains a complete topology table of the network and sends the updates to the other routers via multicast. All routers in a multi-access network segment will form a slave/master relationship with the DR. They will form adjacencies with the DR and BDR only. Every time a router sends an update, it sends it to the DR and BDR on the multicast address 224.0.0.6. The DR will then send the update out to all other routers in the area, to the multicast address 224.0.0.5. This way all the routers do not have to constantly update each other, and can rather get all their updates from a single source. The use of multicasting further reduces the network load. DRs and BDRs are always setup/elected on OSPF broadcast networks. DR's can also be elected on NBMA (Non-Broadcast Multi-Access) networks such as Frame Relay or ATM. DRs or BDRs are not elected on point-to-point links (such as a point-to-point WAN connection) because the two routers on either sides of the link must become fully adjacent and the bandwidth between them cannot be further optimized. DR and non-DR routers evolve from 2-way to full adjacency relationships by exchanging DD, Request, and Update. Title: Mysore (region) Passage: The Mysore region is an unofficial region that is part of Karnataka state in southern India. It forms approximately the southern half of the non-coastal areas of that state. The area corresponds almost exactly to that of the erstwhile princely state of Mysore. Almost all of that principality, with the exception of a few areas that now lie in neighbouring states, is comprehended by this term. Title: Nigeria Passage: Nigeria is divided into thirty-six states and one Federal Capital Territory, which are further sub-divided into 774 Local Government Areas (LGAs). The plethora of states, of which there were only three at independence, reflect the country's tumultuous history and the difficulties of managing such a heterogeneous national entity at all levels of government. In some contexts, the states are aggregated into six geopolitical zones: North West, North East, North Central, South East, South South, and South West.	[ "Nigeria", "United Nations Population Fund" ]
2hop__132333_91253	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "HD 215497 b is an extrasolar planet which orbits the K-type main sequence star HD 215497, located approximately 142 light years away in the constellation Tucana. This planet has at least 6.6 times the mass of Earth. This planet was detected by HARPS on October 19, 2009, together with 29 other planets, including HD 215497 c.", "title": "HD 215497 b" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Tir Planitia is a large basin on the planet Mercury. The name Tir (تیر) is the Persian word for \"Mercury\".", "title": "Tir Planitia" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "On August 24, 2016, astronomers announced the discovery of a rocky planet in the habitable zone of Proxima Centauri, the closest star to Earth. Called Proxima b, the planet is 1.3 times the mass of Earth and has an orbital period of roughly 11.2 Earth days. However Proxima Centauri's classification as a red dwarf casts doubts on the habitability of any exoplanets in its orbit due to low stellar flux, high probability of tidal locking, small circumstellar habitable zones and high stellar variation. Another likely candidate is Alpha Centauri, Earth's nearest Sun - like star system 4.37 light years away. Estimates place the probability of finding a habitable planet around Alpha Centauri A or B at roughly 85%. Alpha Centauri is the target of several exoplanet - finding missions, including Breakthrough Starshot and Mission Centaur, the latter of which is chronicled in the 2016 documentary film, ``The Search for Earth Proxima. ''", "title": "List of nearest terrestrial exoplanet candidates" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Saturn and its rings are best seen when the planet is at, or near, opposition, the configuration of a planet when it is at an elongation of 180°, and thus appears opposite the Sun in the sky. A Saturnian opposition occurs every year—approximately every 378 days—and results in the planet appearing at its brightest. Both the Earth and Saturn orbit the Sun on eccentric orbits, which means their distances from the Sun vary over time, and therefore so do their distances from each other, hence varying the brightness of Saturn from one opposition to the next. Saturn also appears brighter when the rings are angled such that they are more visible. For example, during the opposition of 17 December 2002, Saturn appeared at its brightest due to a favorable orientation of its rings relative to the Earth, even though Saturn was closer to the Earth and Sun in late 2003.From time to time Saturn is occulted by the Moon (that is, the Moon covers up Saturn in the sky). As with all the planets in the Solar System, occultations of Saturn occur in \"seasons\". Saturnian occultations will take place 12 or more times over a 12-month period, followed by about a five-year period in which no such activity is registered. Australian astronomy experts Hill and Horner explain the seasonal nature of Saturnian occultations:", "title": "Saturn" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Hellas Planitia is a plain located within the huge, roughly circular impact basin Hellas located in the southern hemisphere of the planet Mars. Hellas is the third or fourth largest impact crater and the largest visible impact crater known in the Solar System. The basin floor is about deep, deeper than the Moon's South Pole-Aitken basin, and extends about east to west. It is centered at Hellas Planitia is in the Hellas quadrangle and the Noachis quadrangle.", "title": "Hellas Planitia" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Neptune is the eighth and farthest known planet from the Sun in the Solar System. In the Solar System, it is the fourth - largest planet by diameter, the third-most - massive planet, and the densest giant planet. Neptune is 17 times the mass of Earth and is slightly more massive than its near - twin Uranus, which is 15 times the mass of Earth and slightly larger than Neptune. Neptune orbits the Sun once every 164.8 years at an average distance of 30.1 AU (4.5 billion km). It is named after the Roman god of the sea and has the astronomical symbol ♆, a stylised version of the god Neptune's trident.", "title": "Neptune" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Tir na n'Og is the debut album of the Serbian Irish folk/Celtic rock band Tir na n'Og released in 2006.", "title": "Tir na n'Og (album)" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Mercury is the smallest and innermost planet in the Solar System. Its orbital period around the Sun of 88 days is the shortest of all the planets in the Solar System. It is named after the Roman deity Mercury, the messenger to the gods.", "title": "Mercury (planet)" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Suisei Planitia is a large basin on Mercury. Ghost craters are unusual forms that occur in the Suisei Planitia. They are buried and rounded in profile, with only their rim crests rising above the surrounding smooth plains. It has been suggested that the smooth plains that Suisei Planitia is part of (Caloris Planitia) might be ejecta from Caloris that were melted by the impact. The name for this Planitia was approved in 1976.", "title": "Suisei Planitia" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Elysium Planitia, located in the Elysium and Aeolis quadrangles, is a broad plain that straddles the equator of Mars, centered at . It lies to the south of the volcanic province of Elysium, the second largest volcanic region on the planet, after Tharsis. Elysium contains the major volcanoes Elysium Mons, Albor Tholus and Hecates Tholus. Another more ancient shield volcano, Apollinaris Mons, is situated just to the south of eastern Elysium Planitia.", "title": "Elysium Planitia" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Evacuate Earth is a National Geographic Channel documentary that portrays the hypothetical scenario of humans evacuating the planet Earth before it is destroyed by a rogue neutron star. The documentary details the technical and social complications of building a generation ship to save humanity and other Earth organisms by relocating to a planet in another solar system.", "title": "Evacuate Earth" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Reull Vallis is a valley on Mars that appears to have been carved by water. It runs westward into Hellas Planitia. It is named after the Gaelic word for planet. It is found in the Hellas quadrangle.", "title": "Reull Vallis" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Neptune is the eighth and farthest known planet from the Sun in the Solar System. In the Solar System, it is the fourth - largest planet by diameter, the third-most - massive planet, and the densest giant planet. Neptune is 17 times the mass of Earth and is slightly more massive than its near - twin Uranus, which is 15 times the mass of Earth and slightly larger than Neptune. Neptune orbits the Sun once every 164.8 years at an average distance of 30.1 astronomical units (4.50 × 10 km). It is named after the Roman god of the sea and has the astronomical symbol ♆, a stylised version of the god Neptune's trident.", "title": "Neptune" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Isidis Planitia is a plain located inside a giant impact basin on Mars, centered at ; Isidis Planitia is partly in the Syrtis Major quadrangle and partly in the Amenthes quadrangle. It is the third biggest obvious impact structure on the planet after the Hellas and Argyre basins – it is about in diameter.", "title": "Isidis Planitia" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "HD 7199 is a K-class star located in the constellation Tucana. The High Accuracy Radial Velocity Planet Searcher (HARPS) in Chile found it to have a planet either 0.290 the mass of Jupiter or 92 times the mass of Earth with an orbital period of 615 days.", "title": "HD 7199" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Copernican heliocentrism is the name given to the astronomical model developed by Nicolaus Copernicus and published in 1543. It positioned the Sun near the center of the Universe, motionless, with Earth and the other planets orbiting around it in circular paths modified by epicycles and at uniform speeds. The Copernican model departed from the Ptolemaic system that had prevailed for centuries, placing Earth at the center of the Universe, and is often regarded as the launching point to modern astronomy and the Scientific Revolution.", "title": "Copernican heliocentrism" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Sobkou Planitia is a large basin on the planet Mercury. It is named after the ancient Egyptian messenger deity Sobkou (whose name is more usually transliterated Sobek). He was associated by the Egyptians with the planet Mercury.", "title": "Sobkou Planitia" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Noachian is a geologic system and early time period on the planet Mars characterized by high rates of meteorite and asteroid impacts and the possible presence of abundant surface water. The absolute age of the Noachian period is uncertain but probably corresponds to the lunar Pre-Nectarian to Early Imbrian periods of 4100 to 3700 million years ago, during the interval known as the Late Heavy Bombardment. Many of the large impact basins on the Moon and Mars formed at this time. The Noachian Period is roughly equivalent to the Earth's Hadean and early Archean eons when the first life forms likely arose.", "title": "Noachian" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Earth, Moon, and Planets is a peer-reviewed scientific journal, published approximately ten times per year by Springer Science+Business Media. It was established in 1969 under the title \"The Moon\", was known as \"The Moon and the Planets\" from 1978 to 1983, and was first published under the current title in February 1984. The editor-in-chief is Murthy S. Gudipati (Caltech and JPL). The journal's main focus is on research about the Solar System. Besides original research articles, \"Earth, Moon, and Planets\" publishes conference proceedings, review articles, book reviews, and special issues.", "title": "Earth, Moon, and Planets" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Kepler-10, the star that hosts Kepler-10b, is located 560 light-years from our solar system in the Draco constellation. It is approximately the same size as the Sun, with an estimated age of 12 billion years. Planet Kepler-10b was the first planet to be discovered in the orbit of its star. For this, it was designated the star's \"b\" planet. The star, in turn, was named for the Kepler Mission, a NASA-led operation aimed at discovering terrestrial planets that transit, or cross in front of, their host stars with respect to Earth. The planet's discovery was announced to the public on January 10, 2011.", "title": "Kepler-10b" } ]	What is the period of revolution of the planet on which Tir Planitia is located in earth years?	88 days	[]	Title: Tir na n'Og (album) Passage: Tir na n'Og is the debut album of the Serbian Irish folk/Celtic rock band Tir na n'Og released in 2006. Title: List of nearest terrestrial exoplanet candidates Passage: On August 24, 2016, astronomers announced the discovery of a rocky planet in the habitable zone of Proxima Centauri, the closest star to Earth. Called Proxima b, the planet is 1.3 times the mass of Earth and has an orbital period of roughly 11.2 Earth days. However Proxima Centauri's classification as a red dwarf casts doubts on the habitability of any exoplanets in its orbit due to low stellar flux, high probability of tidal locking, small circumstellar habitable zones and high stellar variation. Another likely candidate is Alpha Centauri, Earth's nearest Sun - like star system 4.37 light years away. Estimates place the probability of finding a habitable planet around Alpha Centauri A or B at roughly 85%. Alpha Centauri is the target of several exoplanet - finding missions, including Breakthrough Starshot and Mission Centaur, the latter of which is chronicled in the 2016 documentary film, ``The Search for Earth Proxima. '' Title: Evacuate Earth Passage: Evacuate Earth is a National Geographic Channel documentary that portrays the hypothetical scenario of humans evacuating the planet Earth before it is destroyed by a rogue neutron star. The documentary details the technical and social complications of building a generation ship to save humanity and other Earth organisms by relocating to a planet in another solar system. Title: HD 215497 b Passage: HD 215497 b is an extrasolar planet which orbits the K-type main sequence star HD 215497, located approximately 142 light years away in the constellation Tucana. This planet has at least 6.6 times the mass of Earth. This planet was detected by HARPS on October 19, 2009, together with 29 other planets, including HD 215497 c. Title: Mercury (planet) Passage: Mercury is the smallest and innermost planet in the Solar System. Its orbital period around the Sun of 88 days is the shortest of all the planets in the Solar System. It is named after the Roman deity Mercury, the messenger to the gods. Title: Reull Vallis Passage: Reull Vallis is a valley on Mars that appears to have been carved by water. It runs westward into Hellas Planitia. It is named after the Gaelic word for planet. It is found in the Hellas quadrangle. Title: Kepler-10b Passage: Kepler-10, the star that hosts Kepler-10b, is located 560 light-years from our solar system in the Draco constellation. It is approximately the same size as the Sun, with an estimated age of 12 billion years. Planet Kepler-10b was the first planet to be discovered in the orbit of its star. For this, it was designated the star's "b" planet. The star, in turn, was named for the Kepler Mission, a NASA-led operation aimed at discovering terrestrial planets that transit, or cross in front of, their host stars with respect to Earth. The planet's discovery was announced to the public on January 10, 2011. Title: Hellas Planitia Passage: Hellas Planitia is a plain located within the huge, roughly circular impact basin Hellas located in the southern hemisphere of the planet Mars. Hellas is the third or fourth largest impact crater and the largest visible impact crater known in the Solar System. The basin floor is about deep, deeper than the Moon's South Pole-Aitken basin, and extends about east to west. It is centered at Hellas Planitia is in the Hellas quadrangle and the Noachis quadrangle. Title: Elysium Planitia Passage: Elysium Planitia, located in the Elysium and Aeolis quadrangles, is a broad plain that straddles the equator of Mars, centered at . It lies to the south of the volcanic province of Elysium, the second largest volcanic region on the planet, after Tharsis. Elysium contains the major volcanoes Elysium Mons, Albor Tholus and Hecates Tholus. Another more ancient shield volcano, Apollinaris Mons, is situated just to the south of eastern Elysium Planitia. Title: Noachian Passage: The Noachian is a geologic system and early time period on the planet Mars characterized by high rates of meteorite and asteroid impacts and the possible presence of abundant surface water. The absolute age of the Noachian period is uncertain but probably corresponds to the lunar Pre-Nectarian to Early Imbrian periods of 4100 to 3700 million years ago, during the interval known as the Late Heavy Bombardment. Many of the large impact basins on the Moon and Mars formed at this time. The Noachian Period is roughly equivalent to the Earth's Hadean and early Archean eons when the first life forms likely arose. Title: Copernican heliocentrism Passage: Copernican heliocentrism is the name given to the astronomical model developed by Nicolaus Copernicus and published in 1543. It positioned the Sun near the center of the Universe, motionless, with Earth and the other planets orbiting around it in circular paths modified by epicycles and at uniform speeds. The Copernican model departed from the Ptolemaic system that had prevailed for centuries, placing Earth at the center of the Universe, and is often regarded as the launching point to modern astronomy and the Scientific Revolution. Title: Saturn Passage: Saturn and its rings are best seen when the planet is at, or near, opposition, the configuration of a planet when it is at an elongation of 180°, and thus appears opposite the Sun in the sky. A Saturnian opposition occurs every year—approximately every 378 days—and results in the planet appearing at its brightest. Both the Earth and Saturn orbit the Sun on eccentric orbits, which means their distances from the Sun vary over time, and therefore so do their distances from each other, hence varying the brightness of Saturn from one opposition to the next. Saturn also appears brighter when the rings are angled such that they are more visible. For example, during the opposition of 17 December 2002, Saturn appeared at its brightest due to a favorable orientation of its rings relative to the Earth, even though Saturn was closer to the Earth and Sun in late 2003.From time to time Saturn is occulted by the Moon (that is, the Moon covers up Saturn in the sky). As with all the planets in the Solar System, occultations of Saturn occur in "seasons". Saturnian occultations will take place 12 or more times over a 12-month period, followed by about a five-year period in which no such activity is registered. Australian astronomy experts Hill and Horner explain the seasonal nature of Saturnian occultations: Title: Suisei Planitia Passage: Suisei Planitia is a large basin on Mercury. Ghost craters are unusual forms that occur in the Suisei Planitia. They are buried and rounded in profile, with only their rim crests rising above the surrounding smooth plains. It has been suggested that the smooth plains that Suisei Planitia is part of (Caloris Planitia) might be ejecta from Caloris that were melted by the impact. The name for this Planitia was approved in 1976. Title: Neptune Passage: Neptune is the eighth and farthest known planet from the Sun in the Solar System. In the Solar System, it is the fourth - largest planet by diameter, the third-most - massive planet, and the densest giant planet. Neptune is 17 times the mass of Earth and is slightly more massive than its near - twin Uranus, which is 15 times the mass of Earth and slightly larger than Neptune. Neptune orbits the Sun once every 164.8 years at an average distance of 30.1 AU (4.5 billion km). It is named after the Roman god of the sea and has the astronomical symbol ♆, a stylised version of the god Neptune's trident. Title: Earth, Moon, and Planets Passage: Earth, Moon, and Planets is a peer-reviewed scientific journal, published approximately ten times per year by Springer Science+Business Media. It was established in 1969 under the title "The Moon", was known as "The Moon and the Planets" from 1978 to 1983, and was first published under the current title in February 1984. The editor-in-chief is Murthy S. Gudipati (Caltech and JPL). The journal's main focus is on research about the Solar System. Besides original research articles, "Earth, Moon, and Planets" publishes conference proceedings, review articles, book reviews, and special issues. Title: Tir Planitia Passage: Tir Planitia is a large basin on the planet Mercury. The name Tir (تیر) is the Persian word for "Mercury". Title: Sobkou Planitia Passage: Sobkou Planitia is a large basin on the planet Mercury. It is named after the ancient Egyptian messenger deity Sobkou (whose name is more usually transliterated Sobek). He was associated by the Egyptians with the planet Mercury. Title: HD 7199 Passage: HD 7199 is a K-class star located in the constellation Tucana. The High Accuracy Radial Velocity Planet Searcher (HARPS) in Chile found it to have a planet either 0.290 the mass of Jupiter or 92 times the mass of Earth with an orbital period of 615 days. Title: Isidis Planitia Passage: Isidis Planitia is a plain located inside a giant impact basin on Mars, centered at ; Isidis Planitia is partly in the Syrtis Major quadrangle and partly in the Amenthes quadrangle. It is the third biggest obvious impact structure on the planet after the Hellas and Argyre basins – it is about in diameter. Title: Neptune Passage: Neptune is the eighth and farthest known planet from the Sun in the Solar System. In the Solar System, it is the fourth - largest planet by diameter, the third-most - massive planet, and the densest giant planet. Neptune is 17 times the mass of Earth and is slightly more massive than its near - twin Uranus, which is 15 times the mass of Earth and slightly larger than Neptune. Neptune orbits the Sun once every 164.8 years at an average distance of 30.1 astronomical units (4.50 × 10 km). It is named after the Roman god of the sea and has the astronomical symbol ♆, a stylised version of the god Neptune's trident.	[ "Tir Planitia", "Mercury (planet)" ]
2hop__651680_121880	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Upon his recovery from his illness and associated treatment, Reed resumed his education at Syracuse University in 1960, studying journalism, film directing, and creative writing. He was a platoon leader in ROTC; he said he was later expelled from the program for holding an unloaded gun to his superior's head.", "title": "Lou Reed" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "As of February 1, 2017, Amazon began collecting Vermont's 6% state sales tax, ahead of a Vermont statute about internet sales tax due to go into effect in July 2017. Online retailers will not be required to collect the 1% local sales tax that many Vermont towns impose.", "title": "Amazon tax" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Definitive Collection is a compilation album by Michael Jackson, and the third album to be released since his death.", "title": "The Definitive Collection (Michael Jackson album)" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Howard Martin Van Hyning (January 9, 1936 – October 30, 2010) was an American percussionist who was best known for his work with the New York City Opera. He built a collection of more than 1,000 percussion instruments that he would make available to orchestras for performances and which included an array of gongs that were specifically constructed for use in performances of \"Turandot\" by Giacomo Puccini. Van Hyning taught at Mannes College The New School for Music.", "title": "Howard Van Hyning" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Definitive Collection is Arista's 1999 Lou Reed collection, complete with an appropriately decadent cover photo by Mick Rock from the mid-1970s.", "title": "The Definitive Collection (Lou Reed album)" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Can't Go Back\" is a song by British-American rock group Fleetwood Mac. It was written and performed by guitarist Lindsey Buckingham for the 1982 album \"Mirage\", the fourth issued by the band with Buckingham as main producer. An instrumental demo of \"Can't Go Back\" appears on the 2016 deluxe edition of \"Mirage\" under the working title \"Suma's Walk\".", "title": "Can't Go Back (Fleetwood Mac song)" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Never Let You Go\" is a pop/rock song that was performed by Dima Bilan at the 2006 Eurovision Song Contest. He was representing Russia and ended up in 2nd place.", "title": "Never Let You Go (Dima Bilan song)" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The video for the song, considered by many to be a definitive music video for Aerosmith, starts off with the band walking up to a department store elevator, and an attractive woman (Brandi Brandt) says ``2nd floor... hardware, children's wear, lady's lingerie. Oh, good morning Mr. Tyler, going down? ''Steven Tyler enters the elevator and the song starts.", "title": "Love in an Elevator" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Highlighting the potential for state and non-state actors to commit genocide in the 21st century, for example, in failed states or as non-state actors acquire weapons of mass destruction, Adrian Gallagher defined genocide as 'When a source of collective power (usually a state) intentionally uses its power base to implement a process of destruction in order to destroy a group (as defined by the perpetrator), in whole or in substantial part, dependent upon relative group size'. The definition upholds the centrality of intent, the multidimensional understanding of destroy, broadens the definition of group identity beyond that of the 1948 definition yet argues that a substantial part of a group has to be destroyed before it can be classified as genocide (dependent on relative group size).", "title": "Genocide" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Lennon Legend: The Very Best of John Lennon is the third official compilation album of John Lennon's solo career, coming after 1975's \"Shaved Fish\" and 1982's \"The John Lennon Collection\". Because neither collection spanned Lennon's releases up to and including 1984's \"Milk and Honey\", \"Lennon Legend: The Very Best of John Lennon\" – considered the definitive Lennon retrospective – was compiled to rectify the situation. It was released in the UK in 1997 through Parlophone and early 1998 in the US by EMI Records.", "title": "Lennon Legend: The Very Best of John Lennon" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Laat me nu gaan\" (\"Let Me Go Now\") was the Belgian entry in the Eurovision Song Contest 1985, performed in Dutch by Linda Lepomme.", "title": "Laat me nu gaan" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Thunder City is an aircraft operating and maintenance company based at the Cape Town International Airport in Cape Town, South Africa. It was well known for owning the largest civilian collection of former military jet aircraft in the world. These aircraft were used to perform in airshows and could also be chartered by the general public for recreational flights, including going supersonic and climbing to altitudes around 50,000 feet. Following a fatal accident in 2009 in which an English Electric Lightning crashed at an airshow, the company ceased flying operations after the accident investigation found major shortcomings in its maintenance programme.", "title": "Thunder City" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The city is also a leading center of popular culture and music. There are a multitude of venues hosting Spanish and foreign-language performers. These include the 10,000-seat National Auditorium that regularly schedules the Spanish and English-language pop and rock artists, as well as many of the world's leading performing arts ensembles, the auditorium also broadcasts Grand Opera performances from New York's Metropolitan Opera on giant, high definition screens. In 2007 National Auditorium was selected world's best venue by multiple genre media.", "title": "Mexico City" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Complete Stories is a discontinued series intended to form a definitive collection of Isaac Asimov's short stories. Originally published in 1990 (Volume 1) and 1992 (Volume 2) by Doubleday, it was discontinued after the second book of the planned series. Altogether 86 of Asimov's 382 published short stories are collected in these two volumes.", "title": "The Complete Stories (Asimov)" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"War\" is a single by Bone Thugs-n-Harmony, released in 1998. It was featured on \"Small Soldiers\" and on the 1998 collection album \"The Collection Volume One\". The song is performed by members Layzie, Flesh, and Wish, and also features Henry Rollins, Tom Morello and Flea.", "title": "War (Bone Thugs-n-Harmony song)" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "It was believed that, until August 2010, Google used many definitions from Collins COBUILD. COBUILD entries were easy to recognize by their characteristic full - sentence definitions as well as grammar codes such as (N - VAR), which in Google Dictionary went unexplained. In August 2010, a blog site reported that Google Dictionary switched from the Collins COBUILD Advanced Learner's English Dictionary to the Oxford Pocket Dictionary of Current English as its English definitions provider. This report, although close, was not quite accurate, as in fact the content now came from another Oxford dictionary, the Oxford American College Dictionary.", "title": "Google Dictionary" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Thomas Robert \"Tom\" Gruber (born 1959) is an American computer scientist, inventor, and entrepreneur with a focus on systems for knowledge sharing and collective intelligence. He did foundational work in ontology engineering and is well known for his definition of ontologies in the context of artificial intelligence.", "title": "Tom Gruber" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Etta Jones recorded it for the album Do n't Go to Strangers (1960). It is used as a theme song in the TV series The Collection (2016).", "title": "I Love Paris" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Halo: The Master Chief Collection is a compilation of first-person shooter (FPS) video games in the \"Halo\" series for the Xbox One and Microsoft Windows. Released originally on the Xbox One on November 11, 2014, and later in 2019 on PC the collection was developed by 343 Industries in partnership with other studios and was published by Microsoft Studios. The collection consists of \"\", Halo 2 Anniversary, \"Halo 3\", \"Halo 4\", and \"\", which were originally released on earlier Xbox platforms. Each game in the release received a graphical upgrade, with \"Halo 2\" receiving a high-definition redesign of its audio and visuals that are exclusive to the collection. The game includes access to the live-action series \"\" as well as the \"\" multiplayer beta that was available for a limited time.", "title": "Halo: The Master Chief Collection" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Murder Is No Joke\" is a Nero Wolfe mystery novella by Rex Stout, first published in the 1958 short-story collection \"And Four to Go\" (Viking Press).", "title": "Murder Is No Joke" } ]	What college did the performer of The Definitive Collection attend?	Syracuse University	[ "Cuse", "SU" ]	Title: Mexico City Passage: The city is also a leading center of popular culture and music. There are a multitude of venues hosting Spanish and foreign-language performers. These include the 10,000-seat National Auditorium that regularly schedules the Spanish and English-language pop and rock artists, as well as many of the world's leading performing arts ensembles, the auditorium also broadcasts Grand Opera performances from New York's Metropolitan Opera on giant, high definition screens. In 2007 National Auditorium was selected world's best venue by multiple genre media. Title: Lou Reed Passage: Upon his recovery from his illness and associated treatment, Reed resumed his education at Syracuse University in 1960, studying journalism, film directing, and creative writing. He was a platoon leader in ROTC; he said he was later expelled from the program for holding an unloaded gun to his superior's head. Title: Murder Is No Joke Passage: "Murder Is No Joke" is a Nero Wolfe mystery novella by Rex Stout, first published in the 1958 short-story collection "And Four to Go" (Viking Press). Title: Google Dictionary Passage: It was believed that, until August 2010, Google used many definitions from Collins COBUILD. COBUILD entries were easy to recognize by their characteristic full - sentence definitions as well as grammar codes such as (N - VAR), which in Google Dictionary went unexplained. In August 2010, a blog site reported that Google Dictionary switched from the Collins COBUILD Advanced Learner's English Dictionary to the Oxford Pocket Dictionary of Current English as its English definitions provider. This report, although close, was not quite accurate, as in fact the content now came from another Oxford dictionary, the Oxford American College Dictionary. Title: The Definitive Collection (Michael Jackson album) Passage: The Definitive Collection is a compilation album by Michael Jackson, and the third album to be released since his death. Title: The Complete Stories (Asimov) Passage: The Complete Stories is a discontinued series intended to form a definitive collection of Isaac Asimov's short stories. Originally published in 1990 (Volume 1) and 1992 (Volume 2) by Doubleday, it was discontinued after the second book of the planned series. Altogether 86 of Asimov's 382 published short stories are collected in these two volumes. Title: Love in an Elevator Passage: The video for the song, considered by many to be a definitive music video for Aerosmith, starts off with the band walking up to a department store elevator, and an attractive woman (Brandi Brandt) says ``2nd floor... hardware, children's wear, lady's lingerie. Oh, good morning Mr. Tyler, going down? ''Steven Tyler enters the elevator and the song starts. Title: The Definitive Collection (Lou Reed album) Passage: The Definitive Collection is Arista's 1999 Lou Reed collection, complete with an appropriately decadent cover photo by Mick Rock from the mid-1970s. Title: Lennon Legend: The Very Best of John Lennon Passage: Lennon Legend: The Very Best of John Lennon is the third official compilation album of John Lennon's solo career, coming after 1975's "Shaved Fish" and 1982's "The John Lennon Collection". Because neither collection spanned Lennon's releases up to and including 1984's "Milk and Honey", "Lennon Legend: The Very Best of John Lennon" – considered the definitive Lennon retrospective – was compiled to rectify the situation. It was released in the UK in 1997 through Parlophone and early 1998 in the US by EMI Records. Title: Thunder City Passage: Thunder City is an aircraft operating and maintenance company based at the Cape Town International Airport in Cape Town, South Africa. It was well known for owning the largest civilian collection of former military jet aircraft in the world. These aircraft were used to perform in airshows and could also be chartered by the general public for recreational flights, including going supersonic and climbing to altitudes around 50,000 feet. Following a fatal accident in 2009 in which an English Electric Lightning crashed at an airshow, the company ceased flying operations after the accident investigation found major shortcomings in its maintenance programme. Title: Amazon tax Passage: As of February 1, 2017, Amazon began collecting Vermont's 6% state sales tax, ahead of a Vermont statute about internet sales tax due to go into effect in July 2017. Online retailers will not be required to collect the 1% local sales tax that many Vermont towns impose. Title: Tom Gruber Passage: Thomas Robert "Tom" Gruber (born 1959) is an American computer scientist, inventor, and entrepreneur with a focus on systems for knowledge sharing and collective intelligence. He did foundational work in ontology engineering and is well known for his definition of ontologies in the context of artificial intelligence. Title: I Love Paris Passage: Etta Jones recorded it for the album Do n't Go to Strangers (1960). It is used as a theme song in the TV series The Collection (2016). Title: Halo: The Master Chief Collection Passage: Halo: The Master Chief Collection is a compilation of first-person shooter (FPS) video games in the "Halo" series for the Xbox One and Microsoft Windows. Released originally on the Xbox One on November 11, 2014, and later in 2019 on PC the collection was developed by 343 Industries in partnership with other studios and was published by Microsoft Studios. The collection consists of "", Halo 2 Anniversary, "Halo 3", "Halo 4", and "", which were originally released on earlier Xbox platforms. Each game in the release received a graphical upgrade, with "Halo 2" receiving a high-definition redesign of its audio and visuals that are exclusive to the collection. The game includes access to the live-action series "" as well as the "" multiplayer beta that was available for a limited time. Title: Can't Go Back (Fleetwood Mac song) Passage: "Can't Go Back" is a song by British-American rock group Fleetwood Mac. It was written and performed by guitarist Lindsey Buckingham for the 1982 album "Mirage", the fourth issued by the band with Buckingham as main producer. An instrumental demo of "Can't Go Back" appears on the 2016 deluxe edition of "Mirage" under the working title "Suma's Walk". Title: Never Let You Go (Dima Bilan song) Passage: "Never Let You Go" is a pop/rock song that was performed by Dima Bilan at the 2006 Eurovision Song Contest. He was representing Russia and ended up in 2nd place. Title: War (Bone Thugs-n-Harmony song) Passage: "War" is a single by Bone Thugs-n-Harmony, released in 1998. It was featured on "Small Soldiers" and on the 1998 collection album "The Collection Volume One". The song is performed by members Layzie, Flesh, and Wish, and also features Henry Rollins, Tom Morello and Flea. Title: Laat me nu gaan Passage: "Laat me nu gaan" ("Let Me Go Now") was the Belgian entry in the Eurovision Song Contest 1985, performed in Dutch by Linda Lepomme. Title: Howard Van Hyning Passage: Howard Martin Van Hyning (January 9, 1936 – October 30, 2010) was an American percussionist who was best known for his work with the New York City Opera. He built a collection of more than 1,000 percussion instruments that he would make available to orchestras for performances and which included an array of gongs that were specifically constructed for use in performances of "Turandot" by Giacomo Puccini. Van Hyning taught at Mannes College The New School for Music. Title: Genocide Passage: Highlighting the potential for state and non-state actors to commit genocide in the 21st century, for example, in failed states or as non-state actors acquire weapons of mass destruction, Adrian Gallagher defined genocide as 'When a source of collective power (usually a state) intentionally uses its power base to implement a process of destruction in order to destroy a group (as defined by the perpetrator), in whole or in substantial part, dependent upon relative group size'. The definition upholds the centrality of intent, the multidimensional understanding of destroy, broadens the definition of group identity beyond that of the 1948 definition yet argues that a substantial part of a group has to be destroyed before it can be classified as genocide (dependent on relative group size).	[ "Lou Reed", "The Definitive Collection (Lou Reed album)" ]
3hop1__160594_833580_61459	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Born in Rome, Italy, after the debut on stage in a small company of prose Campori moved shortly after into avanspettacolo and revue, entering the company of the De Vico Brothers with whom she toured across Italy during the Second World War.", "title": "Anna Campori" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Fabian Brandner is a fictional character on the German soap opera \"Verbotene Liebe (Forbidden Love)\". The character was portrayed by Shai Hoffmann from January 22, 2008 to August 14, 2008 and in guest appearances from January 12, 2009 to January 22, 2009.", "title": "Fabian Brandner" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The singer/songwriter, Lara Fabian's second English album and sixth studio album, \"A Wonderful Life\" was released in June 2004. In France, the album sold an estimated 82,000 copies. \"A Wonderful Life\" was Fabian's last album under her contract with Sony Records and she subsequently left the company.", "title": "A Wonderful Life (album)" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Claudia Ferraris (born 5 October 1988 in Bergamo, Lombardia, Italy) is the winner of the Miss Universo Italia 2008 pageant that was held at the Palazzo dei Congressi in Riccione, Emilia-Romagna on 31 May 2008. She represented Italy at the Miss Universe 2008 pageant in Nha Trang, Vietnam on 14 July. She placed in the top 10, ranking 9th at the end of the competition. In 2006, she had entered the Miss Italia pageant as Miss Lombardia and had placed among the top 10 there as well.", "title": "Claudia Ferraris" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Tiger\" is a 1959 song by Fabian Forte, written by Ollie Jones. It was Fabian's most successful single, reaching #3 on the U.S. Billboard, Hot 100 charts. \"Tiger\" was Fabian's only entry on the US, Billboard, Hot R&B Sides chart, where it reached #15.", "title": "Tiger (Fabian song)" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Shadows in a Conflict () is a 1993 Spanish drama film directed by Mario Camus. It was entered into the 18th Moscow International Film Festival.", "title": "Shadows in a Conflict" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Lara Fabian\" is the fourth studio album and the first English album by the Belgian recording artist Lara Fabian. It was first released on 29 November 1999 in France and later it was released worldwide in 2000. The album features the hit singles \"I Will Love Again\", \"I Am Who I Am\" and \"Love by Grace\".", "title": "Lara Fabian (2000 album)" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Manuel de Vecchi is an Italian racing cyclist who represents Italy in BMX. He has been selected to represent Italy at the 2008 and 2012 Summer Olympics in the men's BMX event.", "title": "Manuel de Vecchi" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Ivy Lillian Campany (23 September 1901 – 19 December 2008) was, at age 107, the second from last World War I female army veteran of any country. The last was Florence Green (1901–2012), who was not identified as a veteran of the conflict until January 2010. This meant that Campany was believed to be the conflict's last surviving female veteran by the time of her death in December 2008.", "title": "Ivy Campany" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "David Chaplin (born March 1983) was Chair of the Young Fabians from 2009–2010 and he is a British Labour Party blogger and commentator.", "title": "David Chaplin" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Merrill Meeks Flood (1908 – 1991) was an American mathematician, notable for developing, with Melvin Dresher, the basis of the game theoretical Prisoner's dilemma model of cooperation and conflict while being at RAND in 1950 (Albert W. Tucker gave the game its prison-sentence interpretation, and thus the name by which it is known today).", "title": "Merrill M. Flood" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "During 2008, Fabian was in Belgium preparing to record a French album with pianist Mark Herskowitz. The album, Toutes les femmes en moi, was partly recorded in Montreal, and was released in May, 2009. The first single, Soleil, Soleil, is a cover of the Nana Mouskouri song. The second single was Toutes les Femmes en moi, the only original song on the album.", "title": "Lara Fabian" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Silvester of Troina was a Basilian monk, who originally entered the monastery at Bari, Italy, but fled when he was to be appointed abbot. Silvester then lived the rest of his life as a hermit.", "title": "Silvester of Troina" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The 65th annual Venice International Film Festival, held in Venice, Italy, was opened on 27 August 2008 by \"Burn After Reading\", and closed on 6 September 2008.", "title": "65th Venice International Film Festival" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Queen Elisabeth Medical Foundation (QEMF) is a Belgian non-profit organization, founded in 1926 by Elisabeth of Bavaria, wife of Albert I. She founded the organization, based on her experience with the wounded from the front-line during the First World War. The foundation wants to encourage laboratory research and contacts between researchers and clinical practitioners, with a particular focus on neurosciences. The QEMF supports seventeen university teams throughout Belgium.", "title": "Queen Elisabeth Medical Foundation" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Fabian Klos (born 2 December 1987) is a German footballer who plays as a striker for Arminia Bielefeld. He is also the current captain of the team.", "title": "Fabian Klos" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "A Shadow Cabinet of Italy had been announced on 15 April 2008, by Walter Veltroni, Secretary of the Democratic Party, after the 2008 Italian general election and officially presented on 9 May.", "title": "Shadow Cabinet of Italy (2008)" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "On 3 May 1915 Italy officially revoked the Triple Alliance. In the following days Giolitti and the neutralist majority of the Parliament opposed declaring war, while nationalist crowds demonstrated in public areas for it. (The nationalist poet Gabriele D'Annunzio called this period le radiose giornate di Maggio -- ``the sunny days of May ''). Giolitti had the support of the majority of Italian parliament so on 13 May Salandra offered his resignation to King Victor Emmanuel III, but then Giolitti learned that the London Pact was already signed: fearful of a conflict between the Crown and the Parliament and the consequences on both internal stability and foreign relationships, Giolitti accepted the fait accompli, declined to succeed as prime minister and Salandra's resignation was not accepted. On 23 May, Italy declared war on Austria - Hungary. This was followed by declarations of war on the Ottoman Empire (21 August 1915, following an ultimatum of 3 August), Bulgaria (19 October 1915) and the German Empire (28 August 1916).", "title": "Military history of Italy during World War I" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Love in a Goldfish Bowl is a 1961 teen film directed by Jack Sher starring singing idols Tommy Sands and Fabian.", "title": "Love in a Goldfish Bowl" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "As a result of this conflict, the Ottoman Turks ceded the provinces of Tripolitania, Fezzan, and Cyrenaica to Italy. These provinces together formed what became known as Libya.", "title": "Ottoman Tripolitania" } ]	When did Italy enter the conflict that involved Albert I, of the country where Fabian was recording in in 2008?	1915	[]	Title: Claudia Ferraris Passage: Claudia Ferraris (born 5 October 1988 in Bergamo, Lombardia, Italy) is the winner of the Miss Universo Italia 2008 pageant that was held at the Palazzo dei Congressi in Riccione, Emilia-Romagna on 31 May 2008. She represented Italy at the Miss Universe 2008 pageant in Nha Trang, Vietnam on 14 July. She placed in the top 10, ranking 9th at the end of the competition. In 2006, she had entered the Miss Italia pageant as Miss Lombardia and had placed among the top 10 there as well. Title: Silvester of Troina Passage: Silvester of Troina was a Basilian monk, who originally entered the monastery at Bari, Italy, but fled when he was to be appointed abbot. Silvester then lived the rest of his life as a hermit. Title: Fabian Klos Passage: Fabian Klos (born 2 December 1987) is a German footballer who plays as a striker for Arminia Bielefeld. He is also the current captain of the team. Title: David Chaplin Passage: David Chaplin (born March 1983) was Chair of the Young Fabians from 2009–2010 and he is a British Labour Party blogger and commentator. Title: Ottoman Tripolitania Passage: As a result of this conflict, the Ottoman Turks ceded the provinces of Tripolitania, Fezzan, and Cyrenaica to Italy. These provinces together formed what became known as Libya. Title: 65th Venice International Film Festival Passage: The 65th annual Venice International Film Festival, held in Venice, Italy, was opened on 27 August 2008 by "Burn After Reading", and closed on 6 September 2008. Title: Merrill M. Flood Passage: Merrill Meeks Flood (1908 – 1991) was an American mathematician, notable for developing, with Melvin Dresher, the basis of the game theoretical Prisoner's dilemma model of cooperation and conflict while being at RAND in 1950 (Albert W. Tucker gave the game its prison-sentence interpretation, and thus the name by which it is known today). Title: Ivy Campany Passage: Ivy Lillian Campany (23 September 1901 – 19 December 2008) was, at age 107, the second from last World War I female army veteran of any country. The last was Florence Green (1901–2012), who was not identified as a veteran of the conflict until January 2010. This meant that Campany was believed to be the conflict's last surviving female veteran by the time of her death in December 2008. Title: Lara Fabian Passage: During 2008, Fabian was in Belgium preparing to record a French album with pianist Mark Herskowitz. The album, Toutes les femmes en moi, was partly recorded in Montreal, and was released in May, 2009. The first single, Soleil, Soleil, is a cover of the Nana Mouskouri song. The second single was Toutes les Femmes en moi, the only original song on the album. Title: Shadow Cabinet of Italy (2008) Passage: A Shadow Cabinet of Italy had been announced on 15 April 2008, by Walter Veltroni, Secretary of the Democratic Party, after the 2008 Italian general election and officially presented on 9 May. Title: A Wonderful Life (album) Passage: The singer/songwriter, Lara Fabian's second English album and sixth studio album, "A Wonderful Life" was released in June 2004. In France, the album sold an estimated 82,000 copies. "A Wonderful Life" was Fabian's last album under her contract with Sony Records and she subsequently left the company. Title: Military history of Italy during World War I Passage: On 3 May 1915 Italy officially revoked the Triple Alliance. In the following days Giolitti and the neutralist majority of the Parliament opposed declaring war, while nationalist crowds demonstrated in public areas for it. (The nationalist poet Gabriele D'Annunzio called this period le radiose giornate di Maggio -- ``the sunny days of May ''). Giolitti had the support of the majority of Italian parliament so on 13 May Salandra offered his resignation to King Victor Emmanuel III, but then Giolitti learned that the London Pact was already signed: fearful of a conflict between the Crown and the Parliament and the consequences on both internal stability and foreign relationships, Giolitti accepted the fait accompli, declined to succeed as prime minister and Salandra's resignation was not accepted. On 23 May, Italy declared war on Austria - Hungary. This was followed by declarations of war on the Ottoman Empire (21 August 1915, following an ultimatum of 3 August), Bulgaria (19 October 1915) and the German Empire (28 August 1916). Title: Fabian Brandner Passage: Fabian Brandner is a fictional character on the German soap opera "Verbotene Liebe (Forbidden Love)". The character was portrayed by Shai Hoffmann from January 22, 2008 to August 14, 2008 and in guest appearances from January 12, 2009 to January 22, 2009. Title: Anna Campori Passage: Born in Rome, Italy, after the debut on stage in a small company of prose Campori moved shortly after into avanspettacolo and revue, entering the company of the De Vico Brothers with whom she toured across Italy during the Second World War. Title: Manuel de Vecchi Passage: Manuel de Vecchi is an Italian racing cyclist who represents Italy in BMX. He has been selected to represent Italy at the 2008 and 2012 Summer Olympics in the men's BMX event. Title: Love in a Goldfish Bowl Passage: Love in a Goldfish Bowl is a 1961 teen film directed by Jack Sher starring singing idols Tommy Sands and Fabian. Title: Tiger (Fabian song) Passage: "Tiger" is a 1959 song by Fabian Forte, written by Ollie Jones. It was Fabian's most successful single, reaching #3 on the U.S. Billboard, Hot 100 charts. "Tiger" was Fabian's only entry on the US, Billboard, Hot R&B Sides chart, where it reached #15. Title: Shadows in a Conflict Passage: Shadows in a Conflict () is a 1993 Spanish drama film directed by Mario Camus. It was entered into the 18th Moscow International Film Festival. Title: Queen Elisabeth Medical Foundation Passage: The Queen Elisabeth Medical Foundation (QEMF) is a Belgian non-profit organization, founded in 1926 by Elisabeth of Bavaria, wife of Albert I. She founded the organization, based on her experience with the wounded from the front-line during the First World War. The foundation wants to encourage laboratory research and contacts between researchers and clinical practitioners, with a particular focus on neurosciences. The QEMF supports seventeen university teams throughout Belgium. Title: Lara Fabian (2000 album) Passage: "Lara Fabian" is the fourth studio album and the first English album by the Belgian recording artist Lara Fabian. It was first released on 29 November 1999 in France and later it was released worldwide in 2000. The album features the hit singles "I Will Love Again", "I Am Who I Am" and "Love by Grace".	[ "Lara Fabian", "Queen Elisabeth Medical Foundation", "Military history of Italy during World War I" ]
2hop__691019_1094	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Herbrand's theorem is a fundamental result of mathematical logic obtained by Jacques Herbrand (1930). It essentially allows a certain kind of reduction of first-order logic to propositional logic. Although Herbrand originally proved his theorem for arbitrary formulas of first-order logic, the simpler version shown here, restricted to formulas in prenex form containing only existential quantifiers, became more popular.", "title": "Herbrand's theorem" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The TMG EV P001 is a road-legal electric vehicle developed by Toyota Motorsport GmbH. It is based on a Radical chassis as modified for e-Wolf, with two EVO Electric axial flux motors powered by a lithium-ceramic battery pack. It was developed originally for a customer in 2010.", "title": "TMG EV P001" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "William Sealy Gosset (13 June 1876 – 16 October 1937) was Head Brewer of Guinness, Head Experimental Brewer of Guinness, and a pioneer of modern statistics. He pioneered small sample experimental design and analysis with an economic approach to the logic of uncertainty. Gosset published under the pen name Student and developed most famously Student's t-distribution - originally called Student's \"z\" - and \"Student's test of statistical significance\".", "title": "William Sealy Gosset" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Tomorrow People is a British children's science fiction television series, created by Roger Price. Produced by Thames Television for the ITV Network, the series first ran from April 30, 1973 to February 19, 1979. In 1992, after having much success of the replays in America, Nickelodeon requested Price and Thames Television for a new version to be piloted and filmed at Nickelodeon Studios Florida in April 1992, with Roger Price acting as executive producer. This version used the same basic premise as the original series with some changes, and ran until March 8, 1995. A series of audio plays using the original concept and characters (and many of the original series' actors) was produced by Big Finish Productions between 2001 and 2007. In 2013, an American remake of the show by Greg Berlanti, Phil Klemmer and Julie Plec premiered on The CW.", "title": "The Tomorrow People" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The ten pence coin was originally minted from cupro - nickel (75% Cu, 25% Ni), but since 2012 it has been minted in nickel - plated steel due to the increasing price of metal. From January 2013 the Royal Mint began a programme to gradually remove the previous cupro - nickel coins from circulation with replacement by the nickel - plated steel versions.", "title": "Ten pence (British coin)" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Logic Factory was an award-winning video game development company founded by Jason and Todd Templeman in 1993. The brothers were joined in early 1994 by Thomas Blom to begin developing the demo that would secure initial distribution deals. The company is responsible for \"Ascendancy (1995)\", a turn-based science fiction strategy game for the PC, The Tone Rebellion (1997), and \"Ascendancy for mobile gaming\" on the iOS platform (2011). In June 2014, The Logic Factory ceased maintaining its website and after 19 years released the domain which as of January 2018 remains available for purchase.", "title": "The Logic Factory" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Except for CPUs used in low-power applications, embedded systems, and battery-powered devices, essentially all general-purpose CPUs developed since about 1998 are superscalar.", "title": "Superscalar processor" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Moto E4 and Moto E4 Plus are Android smart phones developed by Motorola Mobility. They were released in June 2017. The phones are regarded as being low - budget and having a long battery life. The E4 model has a 2,800 mAh battery and the E4 Plus has a 5,000 mAh battery. The Moto E4 has an 8 megapixel camera, while the Plus version has a 13 megapixel one.", "title": "Moto E4" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Lithium - ion battery An example of a Nokia Li - ion battery (used in various mobile phones) Specific energy 100 -- 265 W h / kg (0.36 -- 0.875 MJ / kg) Energy density 250 -- 693 W h / L (0.90 -- 2.43 MJ / L) Specific power ~ 250 - ~ 340 W / kg Charge / discharge efficiency 80 -- 90% Energy / consumer - price 3.6 W h / US $Self - discharge rate 2% per month Cycle durability 400 -- 1200 cycles Nominal cell voltage NMC 3.6 / 3.85 V, LiFePO4 3.2 V", "title": "Lithium-ion battery" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Street Rod 2 is a sequel to \"Street Rod\" developed by P.Z.Karen Co. Development Group and Logical Design Works, based on an original concept by Magic Partners and published by California Dreams for Amiga and MS-DOS. \"Street Rod 2\" exclusively featured American Muscle Cars, specifically those from GM, Ford, and Chrysler. In December 2012, MK Consultancy, from the Netherlands, acquired the copyright ownership of the \"Street Rod\" games and re-released \"Street Rod 2\", as well as the original game and an updated version, as freeware in 2014.", "title": "Street Rod 2" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The price of gold is determined through trading in the gold and derivatives markets, but a procedure known as the Gold Fixing in London, originating in September 1919, provides a daily benchmark price to the industry. The afternoon fixing was introduced in 1968 to provide a price when US markets are open.", "title": "Gold" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Stranger\" is a song recorded by American singer Hilary Duff for her fourth studio album, \"Dignity\" (2007). It was written by Duff and Kara DioGuardi with the song's producers Vada Nobles, Derrick Harvin, and Julius \"Logic\" Diaz.", "title": "Stranger (Hilary Duff song)" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "An effect with similar symptoms to the memory effect is the so - called voltage depression or lazy battery effect. This results from repeated overcharging; the symptom is that the battery appears to be fully charged but discharges quickly after only a brief period of operation. In rare cases, much of the lost capacity can be recovered by a few deep - discharge cycles, a function often provided by automatic battery chargers. However, this process may reduce the shelf life of the battery. If treated well, a Ni -- Cd battery can last for 1,000 cycles or more before its capacity drops below half its original capacity. Many home chargers claim to be ``smart chargers ''which will shut down and not damage the battery, but this seems to be a common problem.", "title": "Nickel–cadmium battery" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Apple announced a battery replacement program on November 14, 2003, a week before a high publicity stunt and website by the Neistat Brothers. The initial cost was US$99, and it was lowered to US$59 in 2005. One week later, Apple offered an extended iPod warranty for US$59. For the iPod Nano, soldering tools are needed because the battery is soldered onto the main board. Fifth generation iPods have their battery attached to the backplate with adhesive.", "title": "IPod" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "At launch, the Xbox 360 was available in two configurations: the \"Xbox 360\" package (unofficially known as the 20 GB Pro or Premium), priced at US$399 or GB£279.99, and the \"Xbox 360 Core\", priced at US$299 and GB£209.99. The original shipment of the Xbox 360 version included a cut-down version of the Media Remote as a promotion. The Elite package was launched later at US$479. The \"Xbox 360 Core\" was replaced by the \"Xbox 360 Arcade\" in October 2007 and a 60 GB version of the Xbox 360 Pro was released on August 1, 2008. The Pro package was discontinued and marked down to US$249 on August 28, 2009 to be sold until stock ran out, while the Elite was also marked down in price to US$299.", "title": "Xbox 360" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "iPod batteries are not designed to be removed or replaced by the user, although some users have been able to open the case themselves, usually following instructions from third-party vendors of iPod replacement batteries. Compounding the problem, Apple initially would not replace worn-out batteries. The official policy was that the customer should buy a refurbished replacement iPod, at a cost almost equivalent to a brand new one. All lithium-ion batteries lose capacity during their lifetime even when not in use (guidelines are available for prolonging life-span) and this situation led to a market for third-party battery replacement kits.", "title": "IPod" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In the absorbed glass mat design, or AGM for short, the separators between the plates are replaced by a glass fibre mat soaked in electrolyte. There is only enough electrolyte in the mat to keep it wet, and if the battery is punctured the electrolyte will not flow out of the mats. Principally the purpose of replacing liquid electrolyte in a flooded battery with a semi-saturated fiberglass mat is to substantially increase the gas transport through the separator; Hydrogen or Oxygen gas produced during overcharge or charge (if the charge current is excessive) is able to freely pass through the glass mat and reduce or oxidize the opposing plate respectively. In a flooded cell the bubbles of gas float to the top of the battery and are lost to the atmosphere. This mechanism for the gas produced to recombine and the additional benefit of a semi saturated cell providing no substantial leakage of electrolyte upon physical puncture of the battery case allows the battery to be completely sealed, which makes them useful in portable devices and similar roles, additionally the battery can be installed in any orientation, though if it is installed upside down then acid may be blown out through the over pressure vent.", "title": "Lead–acid battery" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The package contains Logic Pro, Mainstage, Soundtrack Pro, WaveBurner, Studio Instruments, Studio Effects, Apple Loops, Apple Loops Utility, Impulse Response Utility, Compressor, and QuickTime Pro. It also contains 6 content DVDs containing Jam Pack collections, sound effects, surround music beds, EXS24 samples, and impulse response files and a demo content DVD.", "title": "Logic Studio" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "At launch, the Xbox 360 was available in two configurations: the ``Xbox 360 ''package (unofficially known as the 20 GB Pro or Premium), priced at US $399 or GB £279.99, and the`` Xbox 360 Core'', priced at US $299 and GB £209.99. The original shipment of the Xbox 360 version included a cut - down version of the Media Remote as a promotion. The Elite package was launched later at US $479. The ``Xbox 360 Core ''was replaced by the`` Xbox 360 Arcade'' in October 2007 and a 60 GB version of the Xbox 360 Pro was released on August 1, 2008. The Pro package was discontinued and marked down to US $249 on August 28, 2009 to be sold until stock ran out, while the Elite was also marked down in price to US $299.", "title": "Xbox 360" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Silver Style Entertainment was a video game developer based in Berlin, Germany, founded in 1993. In 2006, the company was taken over by The Games Company, and became an in-house development studio. Originally, the company developed largely for the PC, but following the acquisition it has shifted its focus to include consoles such as the Xbox 360.", "title": "Silver Style Entertainment" } ]	What was the original price of a replacement battery from the developer of Logic Studiio?	$99	[]	Title: The Tomorrow People Passage: The Tomorrow People is a British children's science fiction television series, created by Roger Price. Produced by Thames Television for the ITV Network, the series first ran from April 30, 1973 to February 19, 1979. In 1992, after having much success of the replays in America, Nickelodeon requested Price and Thames Television for a new version to be piloted and filmed at Nickelodeon Studios Florida in April 1992, with Roger Price acting as executive producer. This version used the same basic premise as the original series with some changes, and ran until March 8, 1995. A series of audio plays using the original concept and characters (and many of the original series' actors) was produced by Big Finish Productions between 2001 and 2007. In 2013, an American remake of the show by Greg Berlanti, Phil Klemmer and Julie Plec premiered on The CW. Title: Xbox 360 Passage: At launch, the Xbox 360 was available in two configurations: the "Xbox 360" package (unofficially known as the 20 GB Pro or Premium), priced at US$399 or GB£279.99, and the "Xbox 360 Core", priced at US$299 and GB£209.99. The original shipment of the Xbox 360 version included a cut-down version of the Media Remote as a promotion. The Elite package was launched later at US$479. The "Xbox 360 Core" was replaced by the "Xbox 360 Arcade" in October 2007 and a 60 GB version of the Xbox 360 Pro was released on August 1, 2008. The Pro package was discontinued and marked down to US$249 on August 28, 2009 to be sold until stock ran out, while the Elite was also marked down in price to US$299. Title: Lead–acid battery Passage: In the absorbed glass mat design, or AGM for short, the separators between the plates are replaced by a glass fibre mat soaked in electrolyte. There is only enough electrolyte in the mat to keep it wet, and if the battery is punctured the electrolyte will not flow out of the mats. Principally the purpose of replacing liquid electrolyte in a flooded battery with a semi-saturated fiberglass mat is to substantially increase the gas transport through the separator; Hydrogen or Oxygen gas produced during overcharge or charge (if the charge current is excessive) is able to freely pass through the glass mat and reduce or oxidize the opposing plate respectively. In a flooded cell the bubbles of gas float to the top of the battery and are lost to the atmosphere. This mechanism for the gas produced to recombine and the additional benefit of a semi saturated cell providing no substantial leakage of electrolyte upon physical puncture of the battery case allows the battery to be completely sealed, which makes them useful in portable devices and similar roles, additionally the battery can be installed in any orientation, though if it is installed upside down then acid may be blown out through the over pressure vent. Title: Street Rod 2 Passage: Street Rod 2 is a sequel to "Street Rod" developed by P.Z.Karen Co. Development Group and Logical Design Works, based on an original concept by Magic Partners and published by California Dreams for Amiga and MS-DOS. "Street Rod 2" exclusively featured American Muscle Cars, specifically those from GM, Ford, and Chrysler. In December 2012, MK Consultancy, from the Netherlands, acquired the copyright ownership of the "Street Rod" games and re-released "Street Rod 2", as well as the original game and an updated version, as freeware in 2014. Title: Gold Passage: The price of gold is determined through trading in the gold and derivatives markets, but a procedure known as the Gold Fixing in London, originating in September 1919, provides a daily benchmark price to the industry. The afternoon fixing was introduced in 1968 to provide a price when US markets are open. Title: Lithium-ion battery Passage: Lithium - ion battery An example of a Nokia Li - ion battery (used in various mobile phones) Specific energy 100 -- 265 W h / kg (0.36 -- 0.875 MJ / kg) Energy density 250 -- 693 W h / L (0.90 -- 2.43 MJ / L) Specific power ~ 250 - ~ 340 W / kg Charge / discharge efficiency 80 -- 90% Energy / consumer - price 3.6 W h / US $Self - discharge rate 2% per month Cycle durability 400 -- 1200 cycles Nominal cell voltage NMC 3.6 / 3.85 V, LiFePO4 3.2 V Title: Superscalar processor Passage: Except for CPUs used in low-power applications, embedded systems, and battery-powered devices, essentially all general-purpose CPUs developed since about 1998 are superscalar. Title: The Logic Factory Passage: The Logic Factory was an award-winning video game development company founded by Jason and Todd Templeman in 1993. The brothers were joined in early 1994 by Thomas Blom to begin developing the demo that would secure initial distribution deals. The company is responsible for "Ascendancy (1995)", a turn-based science fiction strategy game for the PC, The Tone Rebellion (1997), and "Ascendancy for mobile gaming" on the iOS platform (2011). In June 2014, The Logic Factory ceased maintaining its website and after 19 years released the domain which as of January 2018 remains available for purchase. Title: IPod Passage: iPod batteries are not designed to be removed or replaced by the user, although some users have been able to open the case themselves, usually following instructions from third-party vendors of iPod replacement batteries. Compounding the problem, Apple initially would not replace worn-out batteries. The official policy was that the customer should buy a refurbished replacement iPod, at a cost almost equivalent to a brand new one. All lithium-ion batteries lose capacity during their lifetime even when not in use (guidelines are available for prolonging life-span) and this situation led to a market for third-party battery replacement kits. Title: Nickel–cadmium battery Passage: An effect with similar symptoms to the memory effect is the so - called voltage depression or lazy battery effect. This results from repeated overcharging; the symptom is that the battery appears to be fully charged but discharges quickly after only a brief period of operation. In rare cases, much of the lost capacity can be recovered by a few deep - discharge cycles, a function often provided by automatic battery chargers. However, this process may reduce the shelf life of the battery. If treated well, a Ni -- Cd battery can last for 1,000 cycles or more before its capacity drops below half its original capacity. Many home chargers claim to be ``smart chargers ''which will shut down and not damage the battery, but this seems to be a common problem. Title: Ten pence (British coin) Passage: The ten pence coin was originally minted from cupro - nickel (75% Cu, 25% Ni), but since 2012 it has been minted in nickel - plated steel due to the increasing price of metal. From January 2013 the Royal Mint began a programme to gradually remove the previous cupro - nickel coins from circulation with replacement by the nickel - plated steel versions. Title: Herbrand's theorem Passage: Herbrand's theorem is a fundamental result of mathematical logic obtained by Jacques Herbrand (1930). It essentially allows a certain kind of reduction of first-order logic to propositional logic. Although Herbrand originally proved his theorem for arbitrary formulas of first-order logic, the simpler version shown here, restricted to formulas in prenex form containing only existential quantifiers, became more popular. Title: TMG EV P001 Passage: The TMG EV P001 is a road-legal electric vehicle developed by Toyota Motorsport GmbH. It is based on a Radical chassis as modified for e-Wolf, with two EVO Electric axial flux motors powered by a lithium-ceramic battery pack. It was developed originally for a customer in 2010. Title: William Sealy Gosset Passage: William Sealy Gosset (13 June 1876 – 16 October 1937) was Head Brewer of Guinness, Head Experimental Brewer of Guinness, and a pioneer of modern statistics. He pioneered small sample experimental design and analysis with an economic approach to the logic of uncertainty. Gosset published under the pen name Student and developed most famously Student's t-distribution - originally called Student's "z" - and "Student's test of statistical significance". Title: Silver Style Entertainment Passage: Silver Style Entertainment was a video game developer based in Berlin, Germany, founded in 1993. In 2006, the company was taken over by The Games Company, and became an in-house development studio. Originally, the company developed largely for the PC, but following the acquisition it has shifted its focus to include consoles such as the Xbox 360. Title: Xbox 360 Passage: At launch, the Xbox 360 was available in two configurations: the ``Xbox 360 ''package (unofficially known as the 20 GB Pro or Premium), priced at US $399 or GB £279.99, and the`` Xbox 360 Core'', priced at US $299 and GB £209.99. The original shipment of the Xbox 360 version included a cut - down version of the Media Remote as a promotion. The Elite package was launched later at US $479. The ``Xbox 360 Core ''was replaced by the`` Xbox 360 Arcade'' in October 2007 and a 60 GB version of the Xbox 360 Pro was released on August 1, 2008. The Pro package was discontinued and marked down to US $249 on August 28, 2009 to be sold until stock ran out, while the Elite was also marked down in price to US $299. Title: Stranger (Hilary Duff song) Passage: "Stranger" is a song recorded by American singer Hilary Duff for her fourth studio album, "Dignity" (2007). It was written by Duff and Kara DioGuardi with the song's producers Vada Nobles, Derrick Harvin, and Julius "Logic" Diaz. Title: Logic Studio Passage: The package contains Logic Pro, Mainstage, Soundtrack Pro, WaveBurner, Studio Instruments, Studio Effects, Apple Loops, Apple Loops Utility, Impulse Response Utility, Compressor, and QuickTime Pro. It also contains 6 content DVDs containing Jam Pack collections, sound effects, surround music beds, EXS24 samples, and impulse response files and a demo content DVD. Title: Moto E4 Passage: The Moto E4 and Moto E4 Plus are Android smart phones developed by Motorola Mobility. They were released in June 2017. The phones are regarded as being low - budget and having a long battery life. The E4 model has a 2,800 mAh battery and the E4 Plus has a 5,000 mAh battery. The Moto E4 has an 8 megapixel camera, while the Plus version has a 13 megapixel one. Title: IPod Passage: Apple announced a battery replacement program on November 14, 2003, a week before a high publicity stunt and website by the Neistat Brothers. The initial cost was US$99, and it was lowered to US$59 in 2005. One week later, Apple offered an extended iPod warranty for US$59. For the iPod Nano, soldering tools are needed because the battery is soldered onto the main board. Fifth generation iPods have their battery attached to the backplate with adhesive.	[ "IPod", "Logic Studio" ]
3hop1__250067_144910_3684	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The 2008 Summer Olympics torch relay was run from March 24 until August 8, 2008, prior to the 2008 Summer Olympics, with the theme of \"one world, one dream\". Plans for the relay were announced on April 26, 2007, in Beijing, China. The relay, also called by the organizers as the \"Journey of Harmony\", lasted 129 days and carried the torch 137,000 km (85,000 mi) – the longest distance of any Olympic torch relay since the tradition was started ahead of the 1936 Summer Olympics.", "title": "2008 Summer Olympics torch relay" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Ningbo Organizing Committee of the Beijing Olympic torch relay announced that the relay, scheduled to take place in Ningbo during national morning, would be suspended for the duration of the mourning period. The route of the torch through the country was scaled down, and there was a minute of silence when the next leg started in city of Ruijin, Jiangxi on the Wednesday after the quake.", "title": "2008 Sichuan earthquake" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Great Britain: The torch relay leg held in London, the host city of the 2012 Summer Olympics, on April 6 began at Wembley Stadium, passed through the City of London, and eventually ended at O2 Arena in the eastern part of the city. The 48 km (30 mi) leg took a total of seven and a half hours to complete, and attracted protests by pro-Tibetan independence and pro-Human Rights supporters, prompting changes to the planned route and an unscheduled move onto a bus, which was then briefly halted by protestors. Home Secretary Jacqui Smith has officially complained to Beijing Organising Committee about the conduct of the tracksuit-clad Chinese security guards. The Chinese officials, seen manhandling protesters, were described by both the London Mayor Ken Livingstone and Lord Coe, chairman of the London Olympic Committee as \"thugs\". A Metropolitan police briefing paper revealed that security for the torch relay cost £750,000 and the participation of the Chinese security team had been agreed in advance, despite the Mayor stating, \"We did not know beforehand these thugs were from the security services. Had I known so, we would have said no.\"", "title": "2008 Summer Olympics torch relay" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The 2018 Winter Olympics torch relay began 24 October 2017 and ended on 9 February 2018, in advance of the 2018 Winter Olympics. After being lit in Olympia, Greece, the torch traveled to Athens on 31 October. The torch began its Korean journey on 1 November, visiting all Regions of Korea. The Korean leg began in Incheon: the torch travelled across the country for 101 days. 7,500 relay runners participated in the torch relay over a distance of 2,017 km. The torchbearers each carried the flame for 200 metres. The relay ended in Pyeongchang's Olympic Stadium, the main venue of the 2018 Olympics. The final torch was lit by figure skater Yuna Kim.", "title": "2018 Winter Olympics torch relay" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Some advocates for Tibet, Darfur, and the spiritual practice Falun Gong, planned to protest the April 9 arrival of the torch in San Francisco. China had already requested the torch route in San Francisco be shortened. On April 7, 2008, two days prior to the actual torch relay, three activists carrying Tibetan flags scaled the suspension cables of the Golden Gate Bridge to unfurl two banners, one saying \"One World, One Dream. Free Tibet\", and the other, \"Free Tibet '08\". Among them was San Francisco resident Laurel Sutherlin, who spoke to the local TV station KPIX-CBS5 live from a cellphone, urging the International Olympic Committee to ask China not to allow the torch to go through Tibet. \"Sutherlin said he was worried that the torch's planned route through Tibet would lead to more arrests and Chinese officials would use force to stifle dissent.\" The three activists and five supporters face charges related to trespassing, conspiracy and causing a public nuisance.", "title": "2008 Summer Olympics torch relay" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "\"Shaken, not stirred\" is a catchphrase of Ian Fleming's fictional British Secret Service agent James Bond and describes his preference for the preparation of his martini cocktails.", "title": "Shaken, not stirred" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The route carried the torch through six continents from March 2008 to May 2008 to August 2008. The planned route originally included a stop in Taipei between Ho Chi Minh City and Hong Kong, but there was disagreement in Beijing and Taipei over language used to describe whether it was an international or a domestic part of the route. While the Olympic committees of China and Chinese Taipei reached initial consensus on the approach, the government of the Republic of China in Taiwan intervened, stating that this placement could be interpreted as placing Taiwan on the same level as Hong Kong and Macau, an implication it objected to. The Beijing Organizing Committee attempted to continue negotiation, but further disputes arose over the flag or the anthem of the Republic of China along the 24 km torch route in Taiwan. By the midnight deadline for concluding the negotiation on September 21, 2007, Taiwan and China were unable to come to terms with the issue of the Torch Relay. In the end, both sides of the Taiwan Strait decided to eliminate the Taipei leg.", "title": "2008 Summer Olympics torch relay" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Thailand: The April 18 relay through Bangkok was the Olympic flame's first visit to Thailand. The relay covered just over 10 km, and included Bangkok's Chinatown. The torch was carried past Democracy Monument, Chitralada Palace and a number of other city landmarks. M.R. Narisa Chakrabongse, Green World Foundation (GWF) chairwoman, withdrew from the torch-running ceremony, protesting against China's actions in Tibet. Several hundred protesters were present, along with Olympic supporters. Thai authorities threatened to arrest foreign protesters and ban them from future entry into Thailand. A coalition of Thai human rights groups announced that it would organise a \"small demonstration\" during the relay, and several hundred people did indeed take part in protests, facing Beijing supporters. Intended torchbearer Mom Rajawongse Narissara Chakrabongse boycotted the relay, to protest against China's actions in Tibet. In Bangkok, students told the media that the Chinese Embassy provided them with transportation and gave them shirts to wear.", "title": "2008 Summer Olympics torch relay" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In Japan, the Mayor of Nagano, Shoichi Washizawa said that it has become a \"great nuisance\" for the city to host the torch relay prior to the Nagano leg. Washizawa's aides said the mayor's remark was not criticism about the relay itself but about the potential disruptions and confusion surrounding it.　A city employee of the Nagano City Office ridiculed the protests in Europe, he said \"They are doing something foolish\", in a televised interview. Nagano City officially apologized later and explained what he had wanted to say was \"Such violent protests were not easy to accept\". Also citing concerns about protests as well as the recent violence in Tibet, a major Buddhist temple in Nagano cancelled its plans to host the opening stage of the Olympic torch relay, this temple was vandalised by an un-identified person the day after in apparent revenge,", "title": "2008 Summer Olympics torch relay" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Prompted by the chaotic torch relays in Western Europe and North America, the president of the International Olympic Committee, Jacques Rogge described the situation as a \"crisis\" for the organization and stated that any athletes displaying Tibetan flags at Olympic venues could be expelled from the games. though he stopped short of cancelling the relay altogether despite calls to do so by some IOC members. The outcome of the relay influenced the IOC's decision to scrap global relays in future editions of the games.", "title": "2008 Summer Olympics torch relay" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "After being lit at the birthplace of the Olympic Games in Olympia, Greece on March 24, the torch traveled to the Panathinaiko Stadium in Athens, and then to Beijing, arriving on March 31. From Beijing, the torch was following a route passing through six continents. The torch has visited cities along the Silk Road, symbolizing ancient links between China and the rest of the world. The relay also included an ascent with the flame to the top of Mount Everest on the border of Nepal and Tibet, China from the Chinese side, which was closed specially for the event.", "title": "2008 Summer Olympics torch relay" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Ian Lancaster Fleming was born on 28 May 1908, at 27 Green Street in the wealthy London district of Mayfair. His mother was Evelyn (\"\" Rose), and his father was Valentine Fleming, the Member of Parliament for Henley from 1910 to 1917. As an infant he briefly lived, with his family, at Braziers Park in Oxfordshire. Fleming was a grandson of the Scottish financier Robert Fleming, who founded the Scottish American Investment Trust and the merchant bank Robert Fleming & Co.", "title": "Ian Fleming" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Tanzania: Dar es Salaam was the torch's only stop in Africa, on April 13. The relay began at the grand terminal of the TAZARA Railway, which was China's largest foreign aid project of the 1970s, and continued for 5 km through the old city to the Benjamin Mkapa National Stadium in Temeke, which was built with Chinese aid in 2005. The torch was lit by Vice-President Ali Mohamed Shein. About a thousand people followed the relay, waving the Olympic flag. The only noted instance of protest was Nobel Peace Prize laureate Wangari Maathai's withdrawal from the list of torchbearers, in protest against human rights abuses in Tibet.", "title": "2008 Summer Olympics torch relay" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Coco-Viloin represented France at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing. He competed at the 4x100 metres relay together with Martial Mbandjock, Manuel Reynaert and Yannick Lesourd. In their qualification heat they placed sixth in a time of 39.53 seconds and they were eliminated.", "title": "Samuel Coco-Viloin" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"I'll That as a Yes (The Hot Tub Song)\" is a song written by Vince Melamed and Jon McElroy, and recorded by American country music artist Phil Vassar. It was released in November 2004 as the second single from the album \"Shaken Not Stirred\". The song reached number 17 on the \"Billboard\" Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart.", "title": "I'll Take That as a Yes (The Hot Tub Song)" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Indonesia: The Olympic flame reached Jakarta on April 22. The original 20 km relay through Jakarta was cancelled due to \"security worries\", at the request of the Chinese embassy, and the torch was instead carried round the city main's stadium, as it had been in Islamabad. Several dozen pro-Tibet protesters gathered near the stadium, and were dispersed by the police. The event was held in the streets around the city main's stadium. The cancelling of the relay through the city itself was decided due to security concerns and at the request of the Chinese embassy. Only invitees and journalists were admitted inside the stadium. Protests took place outside the stadium.", "title": "2008 Summer Olympics torch relay" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "India rejected Chinese demands that the torch route be clear of India's 150,000-strong Tibetan exile community, by which they required a ban on congregation near the curtailed 3 km route. In response Indian officials said India was a democracy, and \"a wholesale ban on protests was out of the question\". Contradicting some other reports, Indian officials also refused permission to the \"Olympic Holy Flame Protection Unit\". The combined effect is a \"rapid deterioration\" of relations between India and China. Meanwhile, the Tibetan government in exile, which is based in India, has stated that it did not support the disruption of the Olympic torch relay.", "title": "2008 Summer Olympics torch relay" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "India: Due to concerns about pro-Tibet protests, the relay through New Delhi on April 17 was cut to just 2.3 km (less than 1.5 miles), which was shared amongst 70 runners. It concluded at the India Gate. The event was peaceful due to the public not being allowed at the relay. A total of five intended torchbearers -Kiran Bedi, Soha Ali Khan, Sachin Tendulkar, Bhaichung Bhutia and Sunil Gavaskar- withdrew from the event, citing \"personal reasons\", or, in Bhutia's case, explicitly wishing to \"stand by the people of Tibet and their struggle\" and protest against the PRC \"crackdown\" in Tibet. Indian national football captain, Baichung Bhutia refused to take part in the Indian leg of the torch relay, citing concerns over Tibet. Bhutia, who is Sikkimese, is the first athlete to refuse to run with the torch. Indian film star Aamir Khan states on his personal blog that the \"Olympic Games do not belong to China\" and confirms taking part in the torch relay \"with a prayer in his heart for the people of Tibet, and ... for all people across the world who are victims of human rights violations\". Rahul Gandhi, son of the Congress President Sonia Gandhi and scion of the Nehru-Gandhi family, also refused to carry the torch.", "title": "2008 Summer Olympics torch relay" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "North Korea: The event was held in Pyongyang on April 28. It was the first time that the Olympic torch has traveled to North Korea. A crowd of thousands waving pink paper flowers and small flags with the Beijing Olympics logo were organized by the authoritarian regime watched the beginning of the relay in Pyongyang, some waving Chinese flags. The event was presided over by the head of the country's parliament, Kim Yong Nam. The North, an ally of China, has been critical of disruptions to the torch relay elsewhere and has supported Beijing in its actions against protests in Tibet. Kim passed the torch to the first runner Pak Du Ik, who played on North Korea's 1966 World Cup soccer team, as he began the 19-kilometre route through Pyongyang. The relay began from the large sculpted flame of the obelisk of the Juche Tower, which commemorates the national ideology of Juche, or \"self-reliance\", created by the country's late founding President Kim Il Sung, father of leader Kim Jong Il, who did not attend.", "title": "2008 Summer Olympics torch relay" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In many cities along the North American and European route, the torch relay was protested by advocates of Tibetan independence, animal rights, and legal online gambling, and people protesting against China's human rights record, resulting in confrontations at a few of the relay locations. These protests, which ranged from hundreds of people in San Francisco, to effectively none in Pyongyang, forced the path of the torch relay to be changed or shortened on a number of occasions. The torch was extinguished by Chinese security officials several times during the Paris leg for security reasons, and once in protest in Paris.", "title": "2008 Summer Olympics torch relay" } ]	For the 2008 Olympics, where did the torch relay begin in the city where the creator of Shaken, not stirred, was born?	Wembley Stadium	[ "Wembley" ]	Title: 2008 Summer Olympics torch relay Passage: In Japan, the Mayor of Nagano, Shoichi Washizawa said that it has become a "great nuisance" for the city to host the torch relay prior to the Nagano leg. Washizawa's aides said the mayor's remark was not criticism about the relay itself but about the potential disruptions and confusion surrounding it.　A city employee of the Nagano City Office ridiculed the protests in Europe, he said "They are doing something foolish", in a televised interview. Nagano City officially apologized later and explained what he had wanted to say was "Such violent protests were not easy to accept". Also citing concerns about protests as well as the recent violence in Tibet, a major Buddhist temple in Nagano cancelled its plans to host the opening stage of the Olympic torch relay, this temple was vandalised by an un-identified person the day after in apparent revenge, Title: 2008 Summer Olympics torch relay Passage: The route carried the torch through six continents from March 2008 to May 2008 to August 2008. The planned route originally included a stop in Taipei between Ho Chi Minh City and Hong Kong, but there was disagreement in Beijing and Taipei over language used to describe whether it was an international or a domestic part of the route. While the Olympic committees of China and Chinese Taipei reached initial consensus on the approach, the government of the Republic of China in Taiwan intervened, stating that this placement could be interpreted as placing Taiwan on the same level as Hong Kong and Macau, an implication it objected to. The Beijing Organizing Committee attempted to continue negotiation, but further disputes arose over the flag or the anthem of the Republic of China along the 24 km torch route in Taiwan. By the midnight deadline for concluding the negotiation on September 21, 2007, Taiwan and China were unable to come to terms with the issue of the Torch Relay. In the end, both sides of the Taiwan Strait decided to eliminate the Taipei leg. Title: 2008 Summer Olympics torch relay Passage: India rejected Chinese demands that the torch route be clear of India's 150,000-strong Tibetan exile community, by which they required a ban on congregation near the curtailed 3 km route. In response Indian officials said India was a democracy, and "a wholesale ban on protests was out of the question". Contradicting some other reports, Indian officials also refused permission to the "Olympic Holy Flame Protection Unit". The combined effect is a "rapid deterioration" of relations between India and China. Meanwhile, the Tibetan government in exile, which is based in India, has stated that it did not support the disruption of the Olympic torch relay. Title: Ian Fleming Passage: Ian Lancaster Fleming was born on 28 May 1908, at 27 Green Street in the wealthy London district of Mayfair. His mother was Evelyn ("" Rose), and his father was Valentine Fleming, the Member of Parliament for Henley from 1910 to 1917. As an infant he briefly lived, with his family, at Braziers Park in Oxfordshire. Fleming was a grandson of the Scottish financier Robert Fleming, who founded the Scottish American Investment Trust and the merchant bank Robert Fleming & Co. Title: 2008 Summer Olympics torch relay Passage: Prompted by the chaotic torch relays in Western Europe and North America, the president of the International Olympic Committee, Jacques Rogge described the situation as a "crisis" for the organization and stated that any athletes displaying Tibetan flags at Olympic venues could be expelled from the games. though he stopped short of cancelling the relay altogether despite calls to do so by some IOC members. The outcome of the relay influenced the IOC's decision to scrap global relays in future editions of the games. Title: 2008 Summer Olympics torch relay Passage: Great Britain: The torch relay leg held in London, the host city of the 2012 Summer Olympics, on April 6 began at Wembley Stadium, passed through the City of London, and eventually ended at O2 Arena in the eastern part of the city. The 48 km (30 mi) leg took a total of seven and a half hours to complete, and attracted protests by pro-Tibetan independence and pro-Human Rights supporters, prompting changes to the planned route and an unscheduled move onto a bus, which was then briefly halted by protestors. Home Secretary Jacqui Smith has officially complained to Beijing Organising Committee about the conduct of the tracksuit-clad Chinese security guards. The Chinese officials, seen manhandling protesters, were described by both the London Mayor Ken Livingstone and Lord Coe, chairman of the London Olympic Committee as "thugs". A Metropolitan police briefing paper revealed that security for the torch relay cost £750,000 and the participation of the Chinese security team had been agreed in advance, despite the Mayor stating, "We did not know beforehand these thugs were from the security services. Had I known so, we would have said no." Title: 2008 Summer Olympics torch relay Passage: The 2008 Summer Olympics torch relay was run from March 24 until August 8, 2008, prior to the 2008 Summer Olympics, with the theme of "one world, one dream". Plans for the relay were announced on April 26, 2007, in Beijing, China. The relay, also called by the organizers as the "Journey of Harmony", lasted 129 days and carried the torch 137,000 km (85,000 mi) – the longest distance of any Olympic torch relay since the tradition was started ahead of the 1936 Summer Olympics. Title: 2008 Summer Olympics torch relay Passage: Indonesia: The Olympic flame reached Jakarta on April 22. The original 20 km relay through Jakarta was cancelled due to "security worries", at the request of the Chinese embassy, and the torch was instead carried round the city main's stadium, as it had been in Islamabad. Several dozen pro-Tibet protesters gathered near the stadium, and were dispersed by the police. The event was held in the streets around the city main's stadium. The cancelling of the relay through the city itself was decided due to security concerns and at the request of the Chinese embassy. Only invitees and journalists were admitted inside the stadium. Protests took place outside the stadium. Title: Shaken, not stirred Passage: "Shaken, not stirred" is a catchphrase of Ian Fleming's fictional British Secret Service agent James Bond and describes his preference for the preparation of his martini cocktails. Title: 2008 Summer Olympics torch relay Passage: Thailand: The April 18 relay through Bangkok was the Olympic flame's first visit to Thailand. The relay covered just over 10 km, and included Bangkok's Chinatown. The torch was carried past Democracy Monument, Chitralada Palace and a number of other city landmarks. M.R. Narisa Chakrabongse, Green World Foundation (GWF) chairwoman, withdrew from the torch-running ceremony, protesting against China's actions in Tibet. Several hundred protesters were present, along with Olympic supporters. Thai authorities threatened to arrest foreign protesters and ban them from future entry into Thailand. A coalition of Thai human rights groups announced that it would organise a "small demonstration" during the relay, and several hundred people did indeed take part in protests, facing Beijing supporters. Intended torchbearer Mom Rajawongse Narissara Chakrabongse boycotted the relay, to protest against China's actions in Tibet. In Bangkok, students told the media that the Chinese Embassy provided them with transportation and gave them shirts to wear. Title: 2008 Summer Olympics torch relay Passage: After being lit at the birthplace of the Olympic Games in Olympia, Greece on March 24, the torch traveled to the Panathinaiko Stadium in Athens, and then to Beijing, arriving on March 31. From Beijing, the torch was following a route passing through six continents. The torch has visited cities along the Silk Road, symbolizing ancient links between China and the rest of the world. The relay also included an ascent with the flame to the top of Mount Everest on the border of Nepal and Tibet, China from the Chinese side, which was closed specially for the event. Title: 2008 Sichuan earthquake Passage: The Ningbo Organizing Committee of the Beijing Olympic torch relay announced that the relay, scheduled to take place in Ningbo during national morning, would be suspended for the duration of the mourning period. The route of the torch through the country was scaled down, and there was a minute of silence when the next leg started in city of Ruijin, Jiangxi on the Wednesday after the quake. Title: 2008 Summer Olympics torch relay Passage: India: Due to concerns about pro-Tibet protests, the relay through New Delhi on April 17 was cut to just 2.3 km (less than 1.5 miles), which was shared amongst 70 runners. It concluded at the India Gate. The event was peaceful due to the public not being allowed at the relay. A total of five intended torchbearers -Kiran Bedi, Soha Ali Khan, Sachin Tendulkar, Bhaichung Bhutia and Sunil Gavaskar- withdrew from the event, citing "personal reasons", or, in Bhutia's case, explicitly wishing to "stand by the people of Tibet and their struggle" and protest against the PRC "crackdown" in Tibet. Indian national football captain, Baichung Bhutia refused to take part in the Indian leg of the torch relay, citing concerns over Tibet. Bhutia, who is Sikkimese, is the first athlete to refuse to run with the torch. Indian film star Aamir Khan states on his personal blog that the "Olympic Games do not belong to China" and confirms taking part in the torch relay "with a prayer in his heart for the people of Tibet, and ... for all people across the world who are victims of human rights violations". Rahul Gandhi, son of the Congress President Sonia Gandhi and scion of the Nehru-Gandhi family, also refused to carry the torch. Title: 2008 Summer Olympics torch relay Passage: North Korea: The event was held in Pyongyang on April 28. It was the first time that the Olympic torch has traveled to North Korea. A crowd of thousands waving pink paper flowers and small flags with the Beijing Olympics logo were organized by the authoritarian regime watched the beginning of the relay in Pyongyang, some waving Chinese flags. The event was presided over by the head of the country's parliament, Kim Yong Nam. The North, an ally of China, has been critical of disruptions to the torch relay elsewhere and has supported Beijing in its actions against protests in Tibet. Kim passed the torch to the first runner Pak Du Ik, who played on North Korea's 1966 World Cup soccer team, as he began the 19-kilometre route through Pyongyang. The relay began from the large sculpted flame of the obelisk of the Juche Tower, which commemorates the national ideology of Juche, or "self-reliance", created by the country's late founding President Kim Il Sung, father of leader Kim Jong Il, who did not attend. Title: I'll Take That as a Yes (The Hot Tub Song) Passage: "I'll That as a Yes (The Hot Tub Song)" is a song written by Vince Melamed and Jon McElroy, and recorded by American country music artist Phil Vassar. It was released in November 2004 as the second single from the album "Shaken Not Stirred". The song reached number 17 on the "Billboard" Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart. Title: Samuel Coco-Viloin Passage: Coco-Viloin represented France at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing. He competed at the 4x100 metres relay together with Martial Mbandjock, Manuel Reynaert and Yannick Lesourd. In their qualification heat they placed sixth in a time of 39.53 seconds and they were eliminated. Title: 2018 Winter Olympics torch relay Passage: The 2018 Winter Olympics torch relay began 24 October 2017 and ended on 9 February 2018, in advance of the 2018 Winter Olympics. After being lit in Olympia, Greece, the torch traveled to Athens on 31 October. The torch began its Korean journey on 1 November, visiting all Regions of Korea. The Korean leg began in Incheon: the torch travelled across the country for 101 days. 7,500 relay runners participated in the torch relay over a distance of 2,017 km. The torchbearers each carried the flame for 200 metres. The relay ended in Pyeongchang's Olympic Stadium, the main venue of the 2018 Olympics. The final torch was lit by figure skater Yuna Kim. Title: 2008 Summer Olympics torch relay Passage: In many cities along the North American and European route, the torch relay was protested by advocates of Tibetan independence, animal rights, and legal online gambling, and people protesting against China's human rights record, resulting in confrontations at a few of the relay locations. These protests, which ranged from hundreds of people in San Francisco, to effectively none in Pyongyang, forced the path of the torch relay to be changed or shortened on a number of occasions. The torch was extinguished by Chinese security officials several times during the Paris leg for security reasons, and once in protest in Paris. Title: 2008 Summer Olympics torch relay Passage: Tanzania: Dar es Salaam was the torch's only stop in Africa, on April 13. The relay began at the grand terminal of the TAZARA Railway, which was China's largest foreign aid project of the 1970s, and continued for 5 km through the old city to the Benjamin Mkapa National Stadium in Temeke, which was built with Chinese aid in 2005. The torch was lit by Vice-President Ali Mohamed Shein. About a thousand people followed the relay, waving the Olympic flag. The only noted instance of protest was Nobel Peace Prize laureate Wangari Maathai's withdrawal from the list of torchbearers, in protest against human rights abuses in Tibet. Title: 2008 Summer Olympics torch relay Passage: Some advocates for Tibet, Darfur, and the spiritual practice Falun Gong, planned to protest the April 9 arrival of the torch in San Francisco. China had already requested the torch route in San Francisco be shortened. On April 7, 2008, two days prior to the actual torch relay, three activists carrying Tibetan flags scaled the suspension cables of the Golden Gate Bridge to unfurl two banners, one saying "One World, One Dream. Free Tibet", and the other, "Free Tibet '08". Among them was San Francisco resident Laurel Sutherlin, who spoke to the local TV station KPIX-CBS5 live from a cellphone, urging the International Olympic Committee to ask China not to allow the torch to go through Tibet. "Sutherlin said he was worried that the torch's planned route through Tibet would lead to more arrests and Chinese officials would use force to stifle dissent." The three activists and five supporters face charges related to trespassing, conspiracy and causing a public nuisance.	[ "2008 Summer Olympics torch relay", "Shaken, not stirred", "Ian Fleming" ]
2hop__13507_85807	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The club was founded in 1892 and joined the Football League the following year. The club has played at Anfield since its formation. Liverpool established itself as a major force in both English and European football during the 1970s and 1980s when Bill Shankly and Bob Paisley led the club to 11 League titles and seven European trophies. Under the management of Rafa Benítez and captained by Steven Gerrard Liverpool became European champion for the fifth time, winning the 2005 UEFA Champions League Final against Milan in spite of being 3 -- 0 down at half time.", "title": "Liverpool F.C." }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Alexis Sánchez Sánchez playing for Chile in 2017 Full name Alexis Alejandro Sánchez Sánchez Date of birth (1988 - 12 - 19) 19 December 1988 (age 29) Place of birth Tocopilla, Chile Height 1.69 m (5 ft 7 in) Playing position Forward / Winger Club information Current team Manchester United Number 7 Youth career 2004 -- 2005 Cobreloa Senior career * Years Team Apps (Gls) 2005 -- 2006 Cobreloa 47 (12) 2006 -- 2011 Udinese 95 (20) 2006 -- 2007 → Colo - Colo (loan) 32 (5) 2007 -- 2008 → River Plate (loan) 23 (4) 2011 -- 2014 Barcelona 88 (39) 2014 -- 2018 Arsenal 122 (60) 2018 -- Manchester United 12 (2) National team 2006 -- 2008 Chile U20 18 (4) 2006 -- Chile 121 (39) Honours (show) Representing Chile Winner Copa América 2015 Winner Copa América Centenario 2016 Runner - up FIFA Confederations Cup 2017 FIFA U-20 World Cup 2007 * Senior club appearances and goals counted for the domestic league only and correct as of 17: 00, 13 May 2018 (UTC) ‡ National team caps and goals correct as of 27 March 2018", "title": "Alexis Sánchez" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Barcelona and Real Madrid hold the record for most victories, winning the competition three times each since its inception. Teams from Spain have won the tournament the most times, with six winners produced from that nation. The Union of European Football Associations (UEFA) is the most successful confederation of the competition with ten titles earned by six of its clubs. The current champions are Real Madrid, who were defending champions and won their third title, following a 1 -- 0 win against Grêmio in the 2017 FIFA Club World Cup Final at the Zayed Sports City Stadium in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.", "title": "List of FIFA Club World Cup finals" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Xavi helped Barcelona win the 2009 Champions League final 2–0 against Manchester United, assisting the second goal by crossing to Messi for his header. Prior to the match, Manchester United coach Sir Alex Ferguson heaped praise on the central midfield combination of Xavi and Andrés Iniesta, stating, \"I don't think Xavi and Iniesta have ever given the ball away in their lives. They get you on that carousel and they can leave you dizzy.\" Xavi was voted \"UEFA Champions League best midfielder\" for his contribution during Barcelona's victorious 2008–09 Champions League campaign.Xavi was the highest assisting player in La Liga with 20, and in the Champions League, with 7; he earned 29 assists overall that season. Xavi was under contract to Barça until 2014 after extending his contract during the 2008–09 season. The new contract made him one of the club's biggest earners, with a salary of €7.5 million a year.", "title": "Xavi" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "They hold the highest number of FA Cup trophies, with 13. The club is one of only six clubs to have won the FA Cup twice in succession, in 2002 and 2003, and 2014 and 2015. Arsenal have achieved three League and FA Cup ``Doubles ''(in 1971, 1998 and 2002), a feat only previously achieved by Manchester United (in 1994, 1996 and 1999). They were the first side in English football to complete the FA Cup and League Cup double, in 1993. Arsenal were also the first London club to reach the final of the UEFA Champions League, in 2006, losing the final 2 -- 1 to Barcelona.", "title": "Arsenal F.C." }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Like Maradona, Ronaldo only stayed a short time before he left for Internazionale. However, new heroes emerged, such as Luís Figo, Patrick Kluivert, Luis Enrique and Rivaldo, and the team won a Copa del Rey and La Liga double in 1998. In 1999, the club celebrated its centenari, winning the Primera División title, and Rivaldo became the fourth Barcelona player to be awarded European Footballer of the Year. Despite this domestic success, the failure to emulate Real Madrid in the Champions League led to van Gaal and Núñez resigning in 2000.", "title": "FC Barcelona" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Real Madrid is the most successful club with 33 titles. The most recent club other than Real Madrid and Barcelona to win the league is Atlético Madrid in the 2013 -- 14 season. With their 30 May Copa del Rey defeat of Athletic Bilbao, Barcelona has won the Spanish version of The Double the most times, having won the league and cup in the same year six times in its history, breaking its tie with Athletic's five. Barcelona is the only Spanish team that has won the Treble, which includes the UEFA Champions League along with the league and Copa del Rey, and the only UEFA club to have won the treble twice after accomplishing that feat in 2015. The current champions are Real Madrid, who won the 2016 -- 17 competition.", "title": "List of Spanish football champions" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "La Liga Season 2017 -- 18 Dates 18 August 2017 -- 20 May 2018 Champions Barcelona 25th title Relegated Deportivo La Coruña Las Palmas Málaga Champions League Barcelona Atlético Madrid Real Madrid Valencia Europa League Villarreal Real Betis Sevilla Matches played 380 Goals scored 1,024 (2.69 per match) Top goalscorer Lionel Messi (34 goals) Best goalkeeper Jan Oblak (0.59 goals / match) Biggest home win Girona 6 -- 0 Las Palmas (13 January 2018) Real Madrid 7 -- 1 Deportivo La Coruña (21 January 2018) Real Madrid 6 -- 0 Celta Vigo (12 May 2018) Biggest away win Levante 0 -- 5 Atlético Madrid (25 November 2017) Real Betis 0 -- 5 Barcelona (21 January 2018) Highest scoring Real Betis 3 -- 6 Valencia (15 October 2017) Real Madrid 6 -- 3 Girona (18 March 2018) Levante 5 -- 4 Barcelona (13 May 2018) Longest winning run 8 matches Valencia Longest unbeaten run 36 matches Barcelona Longest winless run 16 matches Las Palmas Longest losing run 8 matches Las Palmas Highest attendance 97,939 Barcelona 2 -- 2 Real Madrid (6 May 2018) Lowest attendance 4,056 Eibar 1 -- 0 Villarreal (28 February 2018) Total attendance 10,221,182 Average attendance 26,968 ← 2016 -- 17 2018 -- 19 →", "title": "2017–18 La Liga" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Super Kings have lifted the IPL title thrice (in 2010, 2011 and 2018), and have the best win percentage among all teams in the IPL (61.56). They hold the records of most appearances in the IPL playoffs (nine) and in the final (seven). In addition, they have also won the Champions League Twenty20 in 2010 and 2014. The brand value of the Super Kings in 2018 was estimated at $65 million, making them the most valuable franchise in the IPL.", "title": "Chennai Super Kings" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Barcelona hold the record for most victories, winning the competition three times. Corinthians' inaugural victory remains the best result from a host nation's national league champions. Teams from Spain have won the tournament five times, the most for any nation.", "title": "FIFA Club World Cup" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Arsenal's tally of 13 League Championships is the third highest in English football, after Manchester United (20) and Liverpool (18), and they were the first club to reach 8 League Championships. They hold the highest number of FA Cup trophies, 12. The club is one of only six clubs to have won the FA Cup twice in succession, in 2002 and 2003, and 2014 and 2015. Arsenal have achieved three League and FA Cup \"Doubles\" (in 1971, 1998 and 2002), a feat only previously achieved by Manchester United (in 1994, 1996 and 1999). They were the first side in English football to complete the FA Cup and League Cup double, in 1993. Arsenal were also the first London club to reach the final of the UEFA Champions League, in 2006, losing the final 2–1 to Barcelona.", "title": "Arsenal F.C." }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "2017 National Football League season Regular season Duration September 7, 2017 (2017 - 09 - 07) -- December 31, 2017 (2017 - 12 - 31) Playoffs Start date January 6, 2018 AFC Champions New England Patriots NFC Champions Philadelphia Eagles Super Bowl LII Date February 4, 2018 Site U.S. Bank Stadium, Minneapolis, Minnesota Champions Philadelphia Eagles Pro Bowl Date January 28, 2018 Site Camping World Stadium, Orlando, Florida ← 2016 NFL seasons 2018 →", "title": "2017 NFL season" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Though it is the most played local derby in the history of La Liga, it is also the most unbalanced, with Barcelona overwhelmingly dominant. In the primera división league table, Espanyol has only managed to end above Barça on three occasions from 80 seasons (1928–2015) and the only all-Catalan Copa del Rey final was won by Barça in 1957. Espanyol has the consolation of achieving the largest margin win with a 6–0 in 1951, while Barcelona's biggest win was 5–0 on five occasions (in 1933, 1947, 1964, 1975 and 1992). Espanyol achieved a 2–1 win against Barça during the 2008–09 season, becoming the first team to defeat Barcelona at Camp Nou in their treble-winning season.", "title": "FC Barcelona" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "62 teams have competed in La Liga since its inception. Nine teams have been crowned champions, with Real Madrid winning the title a record 33 times and Barcelona 25 times. Barcelona won the inaugural La Liga in 1929 with Athletic Bilbao claiming several titles in the league's early years. Barcelona and Real Madrid dominated the championship in the 1950s, winning four La Liga titles each throughout the decade. Real Madrid dominated La Liga from the 1960s through the 1980s, when Barcelona, Athletic Bilbao, and Real Sociedad won the league twice in those years. From the 1990s onward, Barcelona has dominated La Liga, winning 15 titles. Although Real Madrid has been prominent, winning 8 titles, La Liga has also seen other champions, including Atlético Madrid, Valencia, and Deportivo de La Coruña. In the 2010s, Atlético Madrid has become an increasingly stronger team, forming a trio alongside Real Madrid and Barcelona.", "title": "La Liga" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Barça beat Athletic Bilbao 4–1 in the 2009 Copa del Rey Final, winning the competition for a record-breaking 25th time. A historic 2–6 victory against Real Madrid followed three days later and ensured that Barcelona became La Liga champions for the 2008–09 season. Barça finished the season by beating the previous year's Champions League winners Manchester United 2–0 at the Stadio Olimpico in Rome to win their third Champions League title and completed the first ever treble won by a Spanish team. The team went on to win the 2009 Supercopa de España against Athletic Bilbao and the 2009 UEFA Super Cup against Shakhtar Donetsk, becoming the first European club to win both domestic and European Super Cups following a treble. In December 2009, Barcelona won the 2009 FIFA Club World Cup, and became the first football club ever to accomplish the sextuple. Barcelona accomplished two new records in Spanish football in 2010 as they retained the La Liga trophy with 99 points and won the Spanish Super Cup trophy for a ninth time.", "title": "FC Barcelona" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "All 92 clubs in the top four divisions of English football participate. In the first round, all the clubs in Football League Two and Football League One will enter alongside 22 of the 24 Football League Championship teams except for Hull City and Middlesbrough who received byes to the next round as the highest finishing teams relegated from the 2016 - 17 Premier League. In the second round, all Premier League clubs not involved in European competition enter. Arsenal, Chelsea, Everton, Liverpool, Manchester City, Manchester United and Tottenham Hotspur all received byes to the third round owing to their participation in the UEFA Champions League and UEFA Europa League.", "title": "2017–18 EFL Cup" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Unsatisfied with his position on the right wing, Messi resumed playing as a false nine in early 2010, beginning with a Champions League last 16 - round match against VfB Stuttgart. After a first - leg draw, Barcelona won the second leg 4 -- 0 with two goals and an assist from Messi. At that point, he effectively became the tactical focal point of Guardiola's team, and his goalscoring rate increased. Messi scored a total of 47 goals in all competitions that season, equaling Ronaldo's club record from the 1996 -- 97 campaign. He notably scored all of his side's four goals in the Champions League quarter - final against Arsène Wenger's Arsenal on 6 April while becoming Barcelona's all - time top scorer in the competition. Although Barcelona were eliminated in the Champions League semi-finals by the eventual champions, Inter Milan, Messi finished the season as top scorer (with 8 goals) for the second consecutive year. As the league's top scorer with 34 goals (again tying Ronaldo's record), he helped Barcelona win a second consecutive La Liga trophy with only a single defeat.", "title": "Lionel Messi" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The 2010 UEFA Champions League Final was a football match played at the Santiago Bernabéu Stadium, home of Real Madrid, on Saturday, 22 May 2010, to determine the winners of the 2009 -- 10 UEFA Champions League. It was the first Champions League final to be played on a Saturday, rather than the traditional Wednesday. The match was won by Internazionale, who beat Bayern Munich 2 -- 0 to complete the Treble, a feat never before achieved by any team from either Italy or Germany. The refereeing team came from England and was led by Howard Webb.", "title": "2010 UEFA Champions League Final" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Real Madrid hold the record for the most overall titles, with 21 followed by Milan's 17 titles. Spanish teams hold the record for the most wins in each of the three main UEFA club competitions: Real Madrid, with twelve European Cup / UEFA Champions League titles; Barcelona, with four Cup Winners' Cup titles; and Sevilla, with five UEFA Cup / UEFA Europa League titles. Milan share the most Super Cup wins (five) with Barcelona, and the most Intercontinental Cup wins (three) with Real Madrid. German clubs Hamburg, Schalke 04 and Stuttgart, and Spanish club Villarreal are the record holders by titles won in the UEFA Intertoto Cup (twice each).", "title": "List of UEFA club competition winners" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Arsenal reached the final of the 2007 and 2011 League Cups, losing 2–1 to Chelsea and Birmingham City respectively. The club had not gained a major trophy since the 2005 FA Cup until 17 May 2014, when Arsenal beat Hull City in the 2014 FA Cup Final, coming back from a 2–0 deficit to win the match 3–2. This qualified them for the 2014 FA Community Shield where they would play Premier League champions Manchester City. They recorded a resounding 3–0 win in the game, winning their second trophy in three months. Nine months after their Community Shield triumph, Arsenal appeared in the FA Cup final for the second year in a row, thrashing Aston Villa 4–0 in the final and becoming the most successful club in the tournament's history with 12 titles. On 2 August 2015, Arsenal beat Chelsea 1–0 at Wembley Stadium to retain the Community Shield and earn their 14th Community Shield title.", "title": "Arsenal F.C." } ]	Which Chilean footballer joined the team Barcelona beat to win the 2008-09 Champions League title from Arsenal in 2018?	Alexis Sánchez	[ "Alexis Alejandro Sánchez Sánchez" ]	Title: Chennai Super Kings Passage: The Super Kings have lifted the IPL title thrice (in 2010, 2011 and 2018), and have the best win percentage among all teams in the IPL (61.56). They hold the records of most appearances in the IPL playoffs (nine) and in the final (seven). In addition, they have also won the Champions League Twenty20 in 2010 and 2014. The brand value of the Super Kings in 2018 was estimated at $65 million, making them the most valuable franchise in the IPL. Title: 2010 UEFA Champions League Final Passage: The 2010 UEFA Champions League Final was a football match played at the Santiago Bernabéu Stadium, home of Real Madrid, on Saturday, 22 May 2010, to determine the winners of the 2009 -- 10 UEFA Champions League. It was the first Champions League final to be played on a Saturday, rather than the traditional Wednesday. The match was won by Internazionale, who beat Bayern Munich 2 -- 0 to complete the Treble, a feat never before achieved by any team from either Italy or Germany. The refereeing team came from England and was led by Howard Webb. Title: 2017–18 La Liga Passage: La Liga Season 2017 -- 18 Dates 18 August 2017 -- 20 May 2018 Champions Barcelona 25th title Relegated Deportivo La Coruña Las Palmas Málaga Champions League Barcelona Atlético Madrid Real Madrid Valencia Europa League Villarreal Real Betis Sevilla Matches played 380 Goals scored 1,024 (2.69 per match) Top goalscorer Lionel Messi (34 goals) Best goalkeeper Jan Oblak (0.59 goals / match) Biggest home win Girona 6 -- 0 Las Palmas (13 January 2018) Real Madrid 7 -- 1 Deportivo La Coruña (21 January 2018) Real Madrid 6 -- 0 Celta Vigo (12 May 2018) Biggest away win Levante 0 -- 5 Atlético Madrid (25 November 2017) Real Betis 0 -- 5 Barcelona (21 January 2018) Highest scoring Real Betis 3 -- 6 Valencia (15 October 2017) Real Madrid 6 -- 3 Girona (18 March 2018) Levante 5 -- 4 Barcelona (13 May 2018) Longest winning run 8 matches Valencia Longest unbeaten run 36 matches Barcelona Longest winless run 16 matches Las Palmas Longest losing run 8 matches Las Palmas Highest attendance 97,939 Barcelona 2 -- 2 Real Madrid (6 May 2018) Lowest attendance 4,056 Eibar 1 -- 0 Villarreal (28 February 2018) Total attendance 10,221,182 Average attendance 26,968 ← 2016 -- 17 2018 -- 19 → Title: Arsenal F.C. Passage: Arsenal reached the final of the 2007 and 2011 League Cups, losing 2–1 to Chelsea and Birmingham City respectively. The club had not gained a major trophy since the 2005 FA Cup until 17 May 2014, when Arsenal beat Hull City in the 2014 FA Cup Final, coming back from a 2–0 deficit to win the match 3–2. This qualified them for the 2014 FA Community Shield where they would play Premier League champions Manchester City. They recorded a resounding 3–0 win in the game, winning their second trophy in three months. Nine months after their Community Shield triumph, Arsenal appeared in the FA Cup final for the second year in a row, thrashing Aston Villa 4–0 in the final and becoming the most successful club in the tournament's history with 12 titles. On 2 August 2015, Arsenal beat Chelsea 1–0 at Wembley Stadium to retain the Community Shield and earn their 14th Community Shield title. Title: FC Barcelona Passage: Though it is the most played local derby in the history of La Liga, it is also the most unbalanced, with Barcelona overwhelmingly dominant. In the primera división league table, Espanyol has only managed to end above Barça on three occasions from 80 seasons (1928–2015) and the only all-Catalan Copa del Rey final was won by Barça in 1957. Espanyol has the consolation of achieving the largest margin win with a 6–0 in 1951, while Barcelona's biggest win was 5–0 on five occasions (in 1933, 1947, 1964, 1975 and 1992). Espanyol achieved a 2–1 win against Barça during the 2008–09 season, becoming the first team to defeat Barcelona at Camp Nou in their treble-winning season. Title: FC Barcelona Passage: Barça beat Athletic Bilbao 4–1 in the 2009 Copa del Rey Final, winning the competition for a record-breaking 25th time. A historic 2–6 victory against Real Madrid followed three days later and ensured that Barcelona became La Liga champions for the 2008–09 season. Barça finished the season by beating the previous year's Champions League winners Manchester United 2–0 at the Stadio Olimpico in Rome to win their third Champions League title and completed the first ever treble won by a Spanish team. The team went on to win the 2009 Supercopa de España against Athletic Bilbao and the 2009 UEFA Super Cup against Shakhtar Donetsk, becoming the first European club to win both domestic and European Super Cups following a treble. In December 2009, Barcelona won the 2009 FIFA Club World Cup, and became the first football club ever to accomplish the sextuple. Barcelona accomplished two new records in Spanish football in 2010 as they retained the La Liga trophy with 99 points and won the Spanish Super Cup trophy for a ninth time. Title: Arsenal F.C. Passage: Arsenal's tally of 13 League Championships is the third highest in English football, after Manchester United (20) and Liverpool (18), and they were the first club to reach 8 League Championships. They hold the highest number of FA Cup trophies, 12. The club is one of only six clubs to have won the FA Cup twice in succession, in 2002 and 2003, and 2014 and 2015. Arsenal have achieved three League and FA Cup "Doubles" (in 1971, 1998 and 2002), a feat only previously achieved by Manchester United (in 1994, 1996 and 1999). They were the first side in English football to complete the FA Cup and League Cup double, in 1993. Arsenal were also the first London club to reach the final of the UEFA Champions League, in 2006, losing the final 2–1 to Barcelona. Title: 2017 NFL season Passage: 2017 National Football League season Regular season Duration September 7, 2017 (2017 - 09 - 07) -- December 31, 2017 (2017 - 12 - 31) Playoffs Start date January 6, 2018 AFC Champions New England Patriots NFC Champions Philadelphia Eagles Super Bowl LII Date February 4, 2018 Site U.S. Bank Stadium, Minneapolis, Minnesota Champions Philadelphia Eagles Pro Bowl Date January 28, 2018 Site Camping World Stadium, Orlando, Florida ← 2016 NFL seasons 2018 → Title: Lionel Messi Passage: Unsatisfied with his position on the right wing, Messi resumed playing as a false nine in early 2010, beginning with a Champions League last 16 - round match against VfB Stuttgart. After a first - leg draw, Barcelona won the second leg 4 -- 0 with two goals and an assist from Messi. At that point, he effectively became the tactical focal point of Guardiola's team, and his goalscoring rate increased. Messi scored a total of 47 goals in all competitions that season, equaling Ronaldo's club record from the 1996 -- 97 campaign. He notably scored all of his side's four goals in the Champions League quarter - final against Arsène Wenger's Arsenal on 6 April while becoming Barcelona's all - time top scorer in the competition. Although Barcelona were eliminated in the Champions League semi-finals by the eventual champions, Inter Milan, Messi finished the season as top scorer (with 8 goals) for the second consecutive year. As the league's top scorer with 34 goals (again tying Ronaldo's record), he helped Barcelona win a second consecutive La Liga trophy with only a single defeat. Title: Alexis Sánchez Passage: Alexis Sánchez Sánchez playing for Chile in 2017 Full name Alexis Alejandro Sánchez Sánchez Date of birth (1988 - 12 - 19) 19 December 1988 (age 29) Place of birth Tocopilla, Chile Height 1.69 m (5 ft 7 in) Playing position Forward / Winger Club information Current team Manchester United Number 7 Youth career 2004 -- 2005 Cobreloa Senior career * Years Team Apps (Gls) 2005 -- 2006 Cobreloa 47 (12) 2006 -- 2011 Udinese 95 (20) 2006 -- 2007 → Colo - Colo (loan) 32 (5) 2007 -- 2008 → River Plate (loan) 23 (4) 2011 -- 2014 Barcelona 88 (39) 2014 -- 2018 Arsenal 122 (60) 2018 -- Manchester United 12 (2) National team 2006 -- 2008 Chile U20 18 (4) 2006 -- Chile 121 (39) Honours (show) Representing Chile Winner Copa América 2015 Winner Copa América Centenario 2016 Runner - up FIFA Confederations Cup 2017 FIFA U-20 World Cup 2007 * Senior club appearances and goals counted for the domestic league only and correct as of 17: 00, 13 May 2018 (UTC) ‡ National team caps and goals correct as of 27 March 2018 Title: List of FIFA Club World Cup finals Passage: Barcelona and Real Madrid hold the record for most victories, winning the competition three times each since its inception. Teams from Spain have won the tournament the most times, with six winners produced from that nation. The Union of European Football Associations (UEFA) is the most successful confederation of the competition with ten titles earned by six of its clubs. The current champions are Real Madrid, who were defending champions and won their third title, following a 1 -- 0 win against Grêmio in the 2017 FIFA Club World Cup Final at the Zayed Sports City Stadium in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates. Title: FC Barcelona Passage: Like Maradona, Ronaldo only stayed a short time before he left for Internazionale. However, new heroes emerged, such as Luís Figo, Patrick Kluivert, Luis Enrique and Rivaldo, and the team won a Copa del Rey and La Liga double in 1998. In 1999, the club celebrated its centenari, winning the Primera División title, and Rivaldo became the fourth Barcelona player to be awarded European Footballer of the Year. Despite this domestic success, the failure to emulate Real Madrid in the Champions League led to van Gaal and Núñez resigning in 2000. Title: Xavi Passage: Xavi helped Barcelona win the 2009 Champions League final 2–0 against Manchester United, assisting the second goal by crossing to Messi for his header. Prior to the match, Manchester United coach Sir Alex Ferguson heaped praise on the central midfield combination of Xavi and Andrés Iniesta, stating, "I don't think Xavi and Iniesta have ever given the ball away in their lives. They get you on that carousel and they can leave you dizzy." Xavi was voted "UEFA Champions League best midfielder" for his contribution during Barcelona's victorious 2008–09 Champions League campaign.Xavi was the highest assisting player in La Liga with 20, and in the Champions League, with 7; he earned 29 assists overall that season. Xavi was under contract to Barça until 2014 after extending his contract during the 2008–09 season. The new contract made him one of the club's biggest earners, with a salary of €7.5 million a year. Title: List of UEFA club competition winners Passage: Real Madrid hold the record for the most overall titles, with 21 followed by Milan's 17 titles. Spanish teams hold the record for the most wins in each of the three main UEFA club competitions: Real Madrid, with twelve European Cup / UEFA Champions League titles; Barcelona, with four Cup Winners' Cup titles; and Sevilla, with five UEFA Cup / UEFA Europa League titles. Milan share the most Super Cup wins (five) with Barcelona, and the most Intercontinental Cup wins (three) with Real Madrid. German clubs Hamburg, Schalke 04 and Stuttgart, and Spanish club Villarreal are the record holders by titles won in the UEFA Intertoto Cup (twice each). Title: La Liga Passage: 62 teams have competed in La Liga since its inception. Nine teams have been crowned champions, with Real Madrid winning the title a record 33 times and Barcelona 25 times. Barcelona won the inaugural La Liga in 1929 with Athletic Bilbao claiming several titles in the league's early years. Barcelona and Real Madrid dominated the championship in the 1950s, winning four La Liga titles each throughout the decade. Real Madrid dominated La Liga from the 1960s through the 1980s, when Barcelona, Athletic Bilbao, and Real Sociedad won the league twice in those years. From the 1990s onward, Barcelona has dominated La Liga, winning 15 titles. Although Real Madrid has been prominent, winning 8 titles, La Liga has also seen other champions, including Atlético Madrid, Valencia, and Deportivo de La Coruña. In the 2010s, Atlético Madrid has become an increasingly stronger team, forming a trio alongside Real Madrid and Barcelona. Title: FIFA Club World Cup Passage: Barcelona hold the record for most victories, winning the competition three times. Corinthians' inaugural victory remains the best result from a host nation's national league champions. Teams from Spain have won the tournament five times, the most for any nation. Title: 2017–18 EFL Cup Passage: All 92 clubs in the top four divisions of English football participate. In the first round, all the clubs in Football League Two and Football League One will enter alongside 22 of the 24 Football League Championship teams except for Hull City and Middlesbrough who received byes to the next round as the highest finishing teams relegated from the 2016 - 17 Premier League. In the second round, all Premier League clubs not involved in European competition enter. Arsenal, Chelsea, Everton, Liverpool, Manchester City, Manchester United and Tottenham Hotspur all received byes to the third round owing to their participation in the UEFA Champions League and UEFA Europa League. Title: List of Spanish football champions Passage: Real Madrid is the most successful club with 33 titles. The most recent club other than Real Madrid and Barcelona to win the league is Atlético Madrid in the 2013 -- 14 season. With their 30 May Copa del Rey defeat of Athletic Bilbao, Barcelona has won the Spanish version of The Double the most times, having won the league and cup in the same year six times in its history, breaking its tie with Athletic's five. Barcelona is the only Spanish team that has won the Treble, which includes the UEFA Champions League along with the league and Copa del Rey, and the only UEFA club to have won the treble twice after accomplishing that feat in 2015. The current champions are Real Madrid, who won the 2016 -- 17 competition. Title: Arsenal F.C. Passage: They hold the highest number of FA Cup trophies, with 13. The club is one of only six clubs to have won the FA Cup twice in succession, in 2002 and 2003, and 2014 and 2015. Arsenal have achieved three League and FA Cup ``Doubles ''(in 1971, 1998 and 2002), a feat only previously achieved by Manchester United (in 1994, 1996 and 1999). They were the first side in English football to complete the FA Cup and League Cup double, in 1993. Arsenal were also the first London club to reach the final of the UEFA Champions League, in 2006, losing the final 2 -- 1 to Barcelona. Title: Liverpool F.C. Passage: The club was founded in 1892 and joined the Football League the following year. The club has played at Anfield since its formation. Liverpool established itself as a major force in both English and European football during the 1970s and 1980s when Bill Shankly and Bob Paisley led the club to 11 League titles and seven European trophies. Under the management of Rafa Benítez and captained by Steven Gerrard Liverpool became European champion for the fifth time, winning the 2005 UEFA Champions League Final against Milan in spite of being 3 -- 0 down at half time.	[ "Alexis Sánchez", "FC Barcelona" ]
2hop__92918_62145	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In presidential elections, Montana was long classified as a swing state, though the state has voted for the Republican candidate in all but two elections from 1952 to the present. The state last supported a Democrat for president in 1992, when Bill Clinton won a plurality victory. Overall, since 1889 the state has voted for Democratic governors 60 percent of the time and Democratic presidents 40 percent of the time, with these numbers being 40/60 for Republican candidates. In the 2008 presidential election, Montana was considered a swing state and was ultimately won by Republican John McCain, albeit by a narrow margin of two percent.", "title": "Montana" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Johnny da Silva Araújo or simply Johnny (born February 19, 1987 in Rio de Janeiro), is a Brazilian footballer, who currently plays for Atlético Monte Azul.", "title": "Johnny da Silva Araújo" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Roger Perdrix (born June 17, 1943) was a Canadian football player who played for the Ottawa Rough Riders. He won the Grey Cup in 1968, 1969, and 1973. He previously played college football at the University of Cincinnati.", "title": "Roger Perdrix" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Gerry Organ (born December 4, 1944) is a former professional Canadian football placekicker and punter for the Ottawa Rough Riders of the Canadian Football League. He played for 13 seasons for the Rough Riders, playing in three Grey Cup games, winning two championships in 1973 and 1976. Organ played in 176 games in the CFL and is Ottawa's all-time leader in points scored with 1,462. He is the only kicker to have won the CFL's Most Outstanding Canadian Award, which he won in 1973. He played college football with the Guelph Gryphons.", "title": "Gerry Organ" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Jarrett Lee Bush (born May 21, 1984) is an American football cornerback who is currently a free agent. He was originally signed by the Carolina Panthers as an undrafted free agent in 2006, but was claimed by the Green Bay Packers as a waiver-wire pickup following the 2006 preseason and has played through the 2014 regular season. With Green Bay, Bush won Super Bowl XLV over the Pittsburgh Steelers. Bush also played for the Calgary Stampeders of the Canadian Football League. He played college football at Utah State and American River College.", "title": "Jarrett Bush" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The 2002 Rose Bowl, played on January 3, 2002, was a college football bowl game. It was the 88th Rose Bowl game and was the BCS National Championship Game of the 2001 college football season. The game featured the Miami Hurricanes and the Nebraska Cornhuskers, marking the first time since the 1919 Rose Bowl, and only the third time in the game's history, that neither the Big Ten nor the Pac - 10 Conferences had a representative in this game. The Hurricanes won the game, 37 -- 14, for their fifth national title. Miami quarterback Ken Dorsey and wide receiver Andre Johnson were named the Rose Bowl Players of the Game.", "title": "2002 Rose Bowl" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Javon Eugene Ringer (born February 2, 1987) is an American football running back who last played for the Tennessee Titans of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for Michigan State University, and was drafted in the fifth round of the 2009 NFL draft.", "title": "Javon Ringer" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "From 1848 until Richard M. Nixon's victory in 1972, Texas voted for the Democratic candidate for president in every election except 1928, when it did not support Catholic Al Smith. The state had a white majority and Democrats re-established their dominance after the Civil War. In the mid-20th century 1952 and 1956 elections, the state voters joined the landslide for Dwight D. Eisenhower. (Texas did not vote in 1864 and 1868 due to the Civil War and Reconstruction).", "title": "Politics of Texas" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Markus Koch (born February 13, 1963) is a German-born former American football defensive lineman in the National Football League for the Washington Redskins team which won a Super Bowl (1988). He played high school football at the Eastwood Collegiate Institute in Kitchener, Ontario and played college football at Boise State University.", "title": "Markus Koch" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Alvin Earl Walton (born March 14, 1964) is a former American football safety in the National Football League (NFL) for the Washington Redskins and the Baltimore Stallions of the Canadian Football League (CFL). He played college football at Mt. San Jacinto College and the University of Kansas. Walton is among a select group who have won both an NFL and CFL championship.", "title": "Alvin Walton" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Ovie Phillip Mughelli (born June 10, 1980) is a former American football fullback who last played for the Atlanta Falcons of the National Football League (NFL). After playing college football for Wake Forest University, he was drafted in the fourth round of the 2003 NFL Draft by the Baltimore Ravens.", "title": "Ovie Mughelli" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Gerald Nesbitt (born June 8, 1932) was a Canadian football player who played for the Ottawa Rough Riders. He won the Grey Cup with them in 1960. He played college football for the University of Arkansas Razorbacks.", "title": "Gerald Nesbitt" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "John Raymond McCambridge (born August 30, 1944) was an American and Canadian football player who played for the Ottawa Rough Riders and Detroit Lions. He won the Grey Cup with Ottawa in 1969. He previously played college football at Northwestern University.", "title": "John McCambridge" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Tedy Lacap Bruschi (; born June 9, 1973) is a former professional American football player who was a linebacker in the National Football League (NFL) for thirteen seasons. He played college football for the University of Arizona, and was a two-time consensus All-American. He was drafted by the New England Patriots in the third round of the 1996 NFL Draft, and played his entire professional career with the Patriots. Bruschi won three Super Bowls and was a two-time All-Pro selection.", "title": "Tedy Bruschi" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Doug Specht (born February 7, 1942) was a Canadian football player who played for the Ottawa Rough Riders. He won the Grey Cup in 1968 and 1969. Specht was voted Eastern Conference All-Star in 1966. He previously played college football at Brigham Young University on a football scholarship. In 2006, Specht was inducted into the Windsor-Essex County Sports Hall of Fame. He has remained an Ottawa resident since his playing career and is a long time respected Bailiff in the region.", "title": "Doug Specht" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The 2008 season of the Tonga Major League was the 30th season of top flight association football competition in Tonga. Lotohaʻapai United won the championship for the eleventh time, the last championship won in a record streak of 11 titles in the Tonga Major League.", "title": "2008 Tonga Major League" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Johnny Manziel Manziel with the Cleveland Browns in 2015 Free agent Position: Quarterback Born: (1992 - 12 - 06) December 6, 1992 (age 25) Tyler, Texas Height: 6 ft 0 in (1.83 m) Weight: 210 lb (95 kg) Career information High school: Kerrville (TX) Tivy College: Texas A&M NFL Draft: 2014 / Round: 1 / Pick: 22 Career history Cleveland Browns (2014 -- 2015) Career highlights and awards Heisman Trophy (2012) Davey O'Brien Award (2012) Manning Award (2012) Associated Press Player of the Year (2012) Sporting News Player of the Year (2012) SEC Offensive Player of the Year (2012) Consensus All - American (2012) 2 × First - team All - SEC (2012, 2013) Career NFL statistics TD -- INT: 7 -- 7 Passing yards: 1,675 Passer rating: 74.4 Rushing yards: 259 Rushing touchdowns: 1 Player stats at NFL.com Player stats at PFR", "title": "Johnny Manziel" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Leonard Toney Weaver III (born September 23, 1982) is a former American football fullback who last played for the Philadelphia Eagles of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for Carson-Newman College. He was signed by the Seattle Seahawks as an undrafted free agent in 2005, and has also played for the Philadelphia Eagles. He retired from the NFL in 2013.", "title": "Leonard Weaver" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The 2018 Rose Bowl was a college football bowl game between the Oklahoma Sooners and the Georgia Bulldogs, played on January 1, 2018 at the Rose Bowl stadium in Pasadena, California. The 104th Rose Bowl Game was a semifinal for the College Football Playoff (CFP), matching two of the top four teams selected by the system's selection committee. Georgia and Oklahoma competed for a spot at the 2018 College Football Playoff National Championship game, to be played on January 8, 2018 at Mercedes - Benz Stadium in Atlanta, Georgia. The Georgia Bulldogs won the game with a 27 - yard run by Sony Michel, shortly after Lorenzo Carter blocked Oklahoma Sooners' field goal attempt in the second overtime. The game lasted four hours and five minutes. With 26.8 million viewers on ESPN, the game ranked as the fifth most - viewed cable program of all time.", "title": "2018 Rose Bowl" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Johnny Steven Rodgers (born July 5, 1951) is an American former gridiron football player. He played college football at the University of Nebraska–Lincoln, where he won the Heisman Trophy in 1972. Rodgers played professionally in the Canadian Football League (CFL) with the Montreal Alouettes and in the National Football League (NFL) with the San Diego Chargers. He was inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame in 2000.", "title": "Johnny Rodgers" } ]	When was the last time a democrat won in the US state having the university for which Johnny Manziel played college football?	1972	[]	Title: Johnny da Silva Araújo Passage: Johnny da Silva Araújo or simply Johnny (born February 19, 1987 in Rio de Janeiro), is a Brazilian footballer, who currently plays for Atlético Monte Azul. Title: Montana Passage: In presidential elections, Montana was long classified as a swing state, though the state has voted for the Republican candidate in all but two elections from 1952 to the present. The state last supported a Democrat for president in 1992, when Bill Clinton won a plurality victory. Overall, since 1889 the state has voted for Democratic governors 60 percent of the time and Democratic presidents 40 percent of the time, with these numbers being 40/60 for Republican candidates. In the 2008 presidential election, Montana was considered a swing state and was ultimately won by Republican John McCain, albeit by a narrow margin of two percent. Title: Alvin Walton Passage: Alvin Earl Walton (born March 14, 1964) is a former American football safety in the National Football League (NFL) for the Washington Redskins and the Baltimore Stallions of the Canadian Football League (CFL). He played college football at Mt. San Jacinto College and the University of Kansas. Walton is among a select group who have won both an NFL and CFL championship. Title: Leonard Weaver Passage: Leonard Toney Weaver III (born September 23, 1982) is a former American football fullback who last played for the Philadelphia Eagles of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for Carson-Newman College. He was signed by the Seattle Seahawks as an undrafted free agent in 2005, and has also played for the Philadelphia Eagles. He retired from the NFL in 2013. Title: Jarrett Bush Passage: Jarrett Lee Bush (born May 21, 1984) is an American football cornerback who is currently a free agent. He was originally signed by the Carolina Panthers as an undrafted free agent in 2006, but was claimed by the Green Bay Packers as a waiver-wire pickup following the 2006 preseason and has played through the 2014 regular season. With Green Bay, Bush won Super Bowl XLV over the Pittsburgh Steelers. Bush also played for the Calgary Stampeders of the Canadian Football League. He played college football at Utah State and American River College. Title: Roger Perdrix Passage: Roger Perdrix (born June 17, 1943) was a Canadian football player who played for the Ottawa Rough Riders. He won the Grey Cup in 1968, 1969, and 1973. He previously played college football at the University of Cincinnati. Title: Gerald Nesbitt Passage: Gerald Nesbitt (born June 8, 1932) was a Canadian football player who played for the Ottawa Rough Riders. He won the Grey Cup with them in 1960. He played college football for the University of Arkansas Razorbacks. Title: John McCambridge Passage: John Raymond McCambridge (born August 30, 1944) was an American and Canadian football player who played for the Ottawa Rough Riders and Detroit Lions. He won the Grey Cup with Ottawa in 1969. He previously played college football at Northwestern University. Title: Doug Specht Passage: Doug Specht (born February 7, 1942) was a Canadian football player who played for the Ottawa Rough Riders. He won the Grey Cup in 1968 and 1969. Specht was voted Eastern Conference All-Star in 1966. He previously played college football at Brigham Young University on a football scholarship. In 2006, Specht was inducted into the Windsor-Essex County Sports Hall of Fame. He has remained an Ottawa resident since his playing career and is a long time respected Bailiff in the region. Title: Johnny Manziel Passage: Johnny Manziel Manziel with the Cleveland Browns in 2015 Free agent Position: Quarterback Born: (1992 - 12 - 06) December 6, 1992 (age 25) Tyler, Texas Height: 6 ft 0 in (1.83 m) Weight: 210 lb (95 kg) Career information High school: Kerrville (TX) Tivy College: Texas A&M NFL Draft: 2014 / Round: 1 / Pick: 22 Career history Cleveland Browns (2014 -- 2015) Career highlights and awards Heisman Trophy (2012) Davey O'Brien Award (2012) Manning Award (2012) Associated Press Player of the Year (2012) Sporting News Player of the Year (2012) SEC Offensive Player of the Year (2012) Consensus All - American (2012) 2 × First - team All - SEC (2012, 2013) Career NFL statistics TD -- INT: 7 -- 7 Passing yards: 1,675 Passer rating: 74.4 Rushing yards: 259 Rushing touchdowns: 1 Player stats at NFL.com Player stats at PFR Title: 2008 Tonga Major League Passage: The 2008 season of the Tonga Major League was the 30th season of top flight association football competition in Tonga. Lotohaʻapai United won the championship for the eleventh time, the last championship won in a record streak of 11 titles in the Tonga Major League. Title: Ovie Mughelli Passage: Ovie Phillip Mughelli (born June 10, 1980) is a former American football fullback who last played for the Atlanta Falcons of the National Football League (NFL). After playing college football for Wake Forest University, he was drafted in the fourth round of the 2003 NFL Draft by the Baltimore Ravens. Title: 2002 Rose Bowl Passage: The 2002 Rose Bowl, played on January 3, 2002, was a college football bowl game. It was the 88th Rose Bowl game and was the BCS National Championship Game of the 2001 college football season. The game featured the Miami Hurricanes and the Nebraska Cornhuskers, marking the first time since the 1919 Rose Bowl, and only the third time in the game's history, that neither the Big Ten nor the Pac - 10 Conferences had a representative in this game. The Hurricanes won the game, 37 -- 14, for their fifth national title. Miami quarterback Ken Dorsey and wide receiver Andre Johnson were named the Rose Bowl Players of the Game. Title: Politics of Texas Passage: From 1848 until Richard M. Nixon's victory in 1972, Texas voted for the Democratic candidate for president in every election except 1928, when it did not support Catholic Al Smith. The state had a white majority and Democrats re-established their dominance after the Civil War. In the mid-20th century 1952 and 1956 elections, the state voters joined the landslide for Dwight D. Eisenhower. (Texas did not vote in 1864 and 1868 due to the Civil War and Reconstruction). Title: Johnny Rodgers Passage: Johnny Steven Rodgers (born July 5, 1951) is an American former gridiron football player. He played college football at the University of Nebraska–Lincoln, where he won the Heisman Trophy in 1972. Rodgers played professionally in the Canadian Football League (CFL) with the Montreal Alouettes and in the National Football League (NFL) with the San Diego Chargers. He was inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame in 2000. Title: Gerry Organ Passage: Gerry Organ (born December 4, 1944) is a former professional Canadian football placekicker and punter for the Ottawa Rough Riders of the Canadian Football League. He played for 13 seasons for the Rough Riders, playing in three Grey Cup games, winning two championships in 1973 and 1976. Organ played in 176 games in the CFL and is Ottawa's all-time leader in points scored with 1,462. He is the only kicker to have won the CFL's Most Outstanding Canadian Award, which he won in 1973. He played college football with the Guelph Gryphons. Title: Javon Ringer Passage: Javon Eugene Ringer (born February 2, 1987) is an American football running back who last played for the Tennessee Titans of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for Michigan State University, and was drafted in the fifth round of the 2009 NFL draft. Title: 2018 Rose Bowl Passage: The 2018 Rose Bowl was a college football bowl game between the Oklahoma Sooners and the Georgia Bulldogs, played on January 1, 2018 at the Rose Bowl stadium in Pasadena, California. The 104th Rose Bowl Game was a semifinal for the College Football Playoff (CFP), matching two of the top four teams selected by the system's selection committee. Georgia and Oklahoma competed for a spot at the 2018 College Football Playoff National Championship game, to be played on January 8, 2018 at Mercedes - Benz Stadium in Atlanta, Georgia. The Georgia Bulldogs won the game with a 27 - yard run by Sony Michel, shortly after Lorenzo Carter blocked Oklahoma Sooners' field goal attempt in the second overtime. The game lasted four hours and five minutes. With 26.8 million viewers on ESPN, the game ranked as the fifth most - viewed cable program of all time. Title: Markus Koch Passage: Markus Koch (born February 13, 1963) is a German-born former American football defensive lineman in the National Football League for the Washington Redskins team which won a Super Bowl (1988). He played high school football at the Eastwood Collegiate Institute in Kitchener, Ontario and played college football at Boise State University. Title: Tedy Bruschi Passage: Tedy Lacap Bruschi (; born June 9, 1973) is a former professional American football player who was a linebacker in the National Football League (NFL) for thirteen seasons. He played college football for the University of Arizona, and was a two-time consensus All-American. He was drafted by the New England Patriots in the third round of the 1996 NFL Draft, and played his entire professional career with the Patriots. Bruschi won three Super Bowls and was a two-time All-Pro selection.	[ "Politics of Texas", "Johnny Manziel" ]
2hop__129351_45142	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "By 1988, Walmart was operating in 27 states, having expanded into Arizona, Michigan, Ohio, West Virginia, New Jersey, and Wyoming. By 1990, they expanded into California (which marked Walmart officially becoming a fully nationwide retailer), Nevada, North Dakota, Pennsylvania, South Dakota, and Utah. The Walmart Visitor's Center also opened this year on the site of Sam Walton's original store.", "title": "History of Walmart" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Presby Memorial Iris Gardens is a nonprofit, volunteer-run living museum specializing in iris flowers, located at 474 Upper Mountain Avenue, Montclair in Essex County, New Jersey, New Jersey, United States. The gardens are situated on 6.5 acres. Adjacent to the gardens is a Victorian house, the Walther House. The house is open to the public and is home to a museum shop and headquarters for the Citizens Committee that oversees the gardens.", "title": "Presby Memorial Iris Gardens" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Walmart U.S. is the company's largest division, accounting for US $298.38 billion, or 62.3 percent of total sales, for fiscal 2016. It consists of three retail formats that have become commonplace in the United States: Supercenters, Discount Stores, Neighborhood Markets, and other small formats. The discount stores sell a variety of mostly non-grocery products, though emphasis has now shifted towards supercenters, which include more groceries. As of January 31, 2018, there are a total of 4,761 Walmart U.S. stores.", "title": "Walmart" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The company was founded by Chicago - born George Cohon. The first store opened in 1967 as the Western Canadian franchisee and operated with the U.S. operations. Cohon was the Eastern Canadian franchise and opened his store in 1968 on Oxford Street West in London, Ontario. In 1971, Cohon merged the two operations to one national operation. Cohon was responsible for developing the eastern Canadian franchises. The first McDonald's restaurant in Canada was opened in 1967 in Richmond, British Columbia, by western franchise owners. It was also the first McDonald's restaurant outside of the United States. As of 2014, McDonald's Canada had 1,400 stores (including Walmart Canada locations) in Canada, and more than 85,000 Canadian employees.", "title": "McDonald's Canada" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Keedy House is a historic home located at Boonsboro, Washington County, Maryland, United States. It is a -story home, three bays wide and two deep, built of coursed gray stone about 1790. Also on the property is a small stone bank house with a two-story porch and a small stone springhouse.", "title": "Keedy House" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Sam's West, Inc. (doing business as Sam's Club) is an American chain of membership-only retail warehouse clubs owned and operated by Walmart Inc., founded in 1983 and named after Walmart founder Sam Walton. , Sam's Club ranks second in sales volume among warehouse clubs with $57.839 billion in sales (in fiscal year 2019) behind rival Costco Wholesale.", "title": "Sam's Club" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The New York House of Refuge was the first juvenile reformatory established in the United States. The reformatory was opened in 1824 on the Bowery in Manhattan, New York City, destroyed by a fire in 1839, and relocated first to Twenty - Third Street and then, in 1854, to Randalls Island.", "title": "New York House of Refuge" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "While Novalee and Lexi are reading letters that have been sent supporting her, Novalee's mother, Mama Lil (Sally Field), who abandoned her as a child, sees her on television and appears at the hospital. Her mother, claiming the women can pool their money and get an apartment together, takes the $500 that Novalee received as a gift from the President of Walmart. Novalee also tells Mama Lil that Walmart has offered her a job in any of the Walmart stores across the country.", "title": "Where the Heart Is (2000 film)" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "On September 14, 2006, the company announced that it would phase out its layaway program, citing declining use and increased costs. Layaway ceased on November 19, 2006, and required merchandise pickup by December 8, 2006. Walmart now focuses on other payment options, such as increased use of six - and twelve - month, zero - interest financing. The layaway location in most stores is now used for Walmart's Site - To - Store program, which was introduced in March 2007. This enables walmart.com customers to buy goods online with a free shipping option, and have goods shipped to the nearest store for pickup. Walmart continues to offer seasonal Layaway on select categories from late summer through early Christmas and year - round in their jewelry department.", "title": "Walmart" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "In 1991, the company expanded into Connecticut, Delaware, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, and New York. Walmart expanded worldwide this year, with the opening of their first store outside the United States in Mexico City. They also acquired Western Merchandisers, Inc. of Amarillo, Texas. 1991 also saw the launch of the Sam's American Choice brand of products.", "title": "History of Walmart" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Charles Patrick Keedy (born January 10, 1958, in Birmingham, Alabama) is a former collegiate and professional baseball player who played for Auburn University and three seasons for the California Angels, Chicago White Sox, and Cleveland Indians of Major League Baseball. Keedy is now the Vice Principal at Gardendale High School.", "title": "Pat Keedy" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "As of January 31, 2018, Sam's Club operates 597 membership warehouse clubs in 44 U.S. states. Alaska, Massachusetts, Oregon, Rhode Island, Vermont, and Washington are the only states where Sam's Club does not operate, as is the case for the District of Columbia. Walmart International also operates Sam's Clubs in Mexico, Brazil, and China. It has 162 locations in Mexico, 27 locations in Brazil, and 19 in China. Locations generally range in size from 94,000 -- 161,000 sq ft (8,700 -- 15,000 m), with an average club size of approximately 134,000 sq ft (12,400 m).", "title": "Sam's Club" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "AKA White House is a luxury extended stay hotel owned by Korman Communities located at 1710 H Street NW in Washington, D.C., in the United States. The operator is AKA, the extended-stay hotel brand owned by Korman Communities. AKA White House opened in 2005.", "title": "AKA White House" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The open fields doctrine was first articulated by the U.S. Supreme Court in Hester v. United States, which stated that ``the special protection accorded by the Fourth Amendment to the people in their 'persons, houses, papers, and effects,' is not extended to the open fields. ''This opinion appears to be decided on the basis that`` open fields are not a ``constitutionally protected area'' because they can not be construed as`` persons, houses, papers, (or) effects. ''", "title": "Open-fields doctrine" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Walmart Inc. Walmart's current logo since 2008 Walmart's official headquarters in Bentonville, Arkansas Formerly called Wal - Mart, Inc. (1969 -- 70) Wal - Mart Stores, Inc. (1970 -- 2018) Type Public Traded as NYSE: WMT DJIA component S&P 100 component S&P 500 component ISIN US9311421039 Industry Retail Founded July 2, 1962; 55 years ago (1962 - 07 - 02) Rogers, Arkansas, U.S. Founder Sam Walton Headquarters Bentonville, Arkansas, United States Number of locations 11,718 stores worldwide (January 31, 2018) Area served Worldwide Key people Greg Penner (Chairman) Doug McMillon (President & CEO) Products Electronics Movies and music Home and furniture Home improvement Clothing Footwear Jewelry Toys Health and beauty Pet supplies Sporting goods and fitness Auto Photo finishing Craft supplies Party supplies Grocery Services Walmart - 2 - Walmart Walmart MoneyCard Pickup Today Walmart.com Walmart Pay Revenue US $500.34 billion (2018) Operating income US $20.437 billion (2018) Net income US $9.862 billion (2018) Total assets US $204.52 billion (2018) Total equity US $77.869 billion (2018) Owner Walton family (51%) Number of employees 2.3 million, Worldwide (2017) 1.4 million, U.S. (2017) Divisions Walmart U.S. Walmart International Sam's Club Global eCommerce Subsidiaries Walmart Canada Walmart Mexico Walmart Chile Walmart de México y Centroamérica @ WalmartLabs Walmart Neighborhood Market Asda Amigo Supermarkets Vudu Massmart Seiyu Group Bompreço Líder Jet.com Hayneedle Moosejaw ModCloth Flipkart Website Corporate website Commercial website Footnotes / references", "title": "Walmart" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Coral Ridge Mall opened on July 29, 1998, with 100% of its floor space leased. It attracted one million visitors in its first 30 days and continues to attract roughly 10 million visitors a year. It also spawned additional retail development at the interchange of I-80 and Iowa Highway 965, now known as Coral Ridge Avenue. Big-box stores such as Kohl's, Lowe's, Dressbarn and a Wal-Mart Supercenter (currently branded as simply Walmart) have opened in the years following Coral Ridge's opening.", "title": "Coral Ridge Mall" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Wonderland Village is an outdoor shopping center in Livonia, Michigan, United States, a suburb of Detroit. The center is located at the southwest corner of Middlebelt Road and Plymouth Road, approximately one mile south of I-96. Walmart and Target are the complex's anchor stores.", "title": "Wonderland Village" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Union Oyster House, open to diners since 1826, is amongst the oldest operating restaurants in the United States of America, and the oldest that has been continuously operating since being opened. It is located at 41 -- 43 Union Street, Boston, Massachusetts. The building was listed as a National Historic Landmark on May 27, 2003.", "title": "Union Oyster House" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Philadelphia Zoo, located in the Centennial District of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, on the west bank of the Schuylkill River, was the first true zoo in the United States. Chartered by the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania on March 21, 1859, its opening was delayed by the American Civil War until July 1, 1874. It opened with 1,000 animals and an admission price of 25 cents. For a brief time, the zoo also housed animals brought over from safari on behalf of the Smithsonian Institution, which had not yet built the National Zoo.", "title": "Philadelphia Zoo" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Hopi House is located on the South Rim of the Grand Canyon, within Grand Canyon National Park in the U.S. state of Arizona. Built in 1904 as concessioner facilities at the South Rim were being developed, it is the first of eight projects at the Grand Canyon that were designed by architect Mary Colter, along with Bright Angel Lodge, Hermit's Rest, Lookout Studio, Phantom Ranch, Desert View Watchtower, Colter Hall and Victor Hall, (the latter two being employee dormitories). Hopi House was built by the Fred Harvey Company as a market for Native American crafts, made by artisans on the site. The Hopi, as the historic inhabitants of the area, were chosen as the featured artisans, and the building was designed to closely resemble a traditional Hopi pueblo. Hopi House opened on January 1, 1905, two weeks before the El Tovar Hotel, located just to the west, was opened.", "title": "Hopi House" } ]	When did the first Walmart open in the state where Keedy House is located?	1991	[]	Title: Union Oyster House Passage: Union Oyster House, open to diners since 1826, is amongst the oldest operating restaurants in the United States of America, and the oldest that has been continuously operating since being opened. It is located at 41 -- 43 Union Street, Boston, Massachusetts. The building was listed as a National Historic Landmark on May 27, 2003. Title: Walmart Passage: On September 14, 2006, the company announced that it would phase out its layaway program, citing declining use and increased costs. Layaway ceased on November 19, 2006, and required merchandise pickup by December 8, 2006. Walmart now focuses on other payment options, such as increased use of six - and twelve - month, zero - interest financing. The layaway location in most stores is now used for Walmart's Site - To - Store program, which was introduced in March 2007. This enables walmart.com customers to buy goods online with a free shipping option, and have goods shipped to the nearest store for pickup. Walmart continues to offer seasonal Layaway on select categories from late summer through early Christmas and year - round in their jewelry department. Title: History of Walmart Passage: By 1988, Walmart was operating in 27 states, having expanded into Arizona, Michigan, Ohio, West Virginia, New Jersey, and Wyoming. By 1990, they expanded into California (which marked Walmart officially becoming a fully nationwide retailer), Nevada, North Dakota, Pennsylvania, South Dakota, and Utah. The Walmart Visitor's Center also opened this year on the site of Sam Walton's original store. Title: Where the Heart Is (2000 film) Passage: While Novalee and Lexi are reading letters that have been sent supporting her, Novalee's mother, Mama Lil (Sally Field), who abandoned her as a child, sees her on television and appears at the hospital. Her mother, claiming the women can pool their money and get an apartment together, takes the $500 that Novalee received as a gift from the President of Walmart. Novalee also tells Mama Lil that Walmart has offered her a job in any of the Walmart stores across the country. Title: Coral Ridge Mall Passage: Coral Ridge Mall opened on July 29, 1998, with 100% of its floor space leased. It attracted one million visitors in its first 30 days and continues to attract roughly 10 million visitors a year. It also spawned additional retail development at the interchange of I-80 and Iowa Highway 965, now known as Coral Ridge Avenue. Big-box stores such as Kohl's, Lowe's, Dressbarn and a Wal-Mart Supercenter (currently branded as simply Walmart) have opened in the years following Coral Ridge's opening. Title: Open-fields doctrine Passage: The open fields doctrine was first articulated by the U.S. Supreme Court in Hester v. United States, which stated that ``the special protection accorded by the Fourth Amendment to the people in their 'persons, houses, papers, and effects,' is not extended to the open fields. ''This opinion appears to be decided on the basis that`` open fields are not a ``constitutionally protected area'' because they can not be construed as`` persons, houses, papers, (or) effects. '' Title: Philadelphia Zoo Passage: The Philadelphia Zoo, located in the Centennial District of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, on the west bank of the Schuylkill River, was the first true zoo in the United States. Chartered by the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania on March 21, 1859, its opening was delayed by the American Civil War until July 1, 1874. It opened with 1,000 animals and an admission price of 25 cents. For a brief time, the zoo also housed animals brought over from safari on behalf of the Smithsonian Institution, which had not yet built the National Zoo. Title: Walmart Passage: Walmart Inc. Walmart's current logo since 2008 Walmart's official headquarters in Bentonville, Arkansas Formerly called Wal - Mart, Inc. (1969 -- 70) Wal - Mart Stores, Inc. (1970 -- 2018) Type Public Traded as NYSE: WMT DJIA component S&P 100 component S&P 500 component ISIN US9311421039 Industry Retail Founded July 2, 1962; 55 years ago (1962 - 07 - 02) Rogers, Arkansas, U.S. Founder Sam Walton Headquarters Bentonville, Arkansas, United States Number of locations 11,718 stores worldwide (January 31, 2018) Area served Worldwide Key people Greg Penner (Chairman) Doug McMillon (President & CEO) Products Electronics Movies and music Home and furniture Home improvement Clothing Footwear Jewelry Toys Health and beauty Pet supplies Sporting goods and fitness Auto Photo finishing Craft supplies Party supplies Grocery Services Walmart - 2 - Walmart Walmart MoneyCard Pickup Today Walmart.com Walmart Pay Revenue US $500.34 billion (2018) Operating income US $20.437 billion (2018) Net income US $9.862 billion (2018) Total assets US $204.52 billion (2018) Total equity US $77.869 billion (2018) Owner Walton family (51%) Number of employees 2.3 million, Worldwide (2017) 1.4 million, U.S. (2017) Divisions Walmart U.S. Walmart International Sam's Club Global eCommerce Subsidiaries Walmart Canada Walmart Mexico Walmart Chile Walmart de México y Centroamérica @ WalmartLabs Walmart Neighborhood Market Asda Amigo Supermarkets Vudu Massmart Seiyu Group Bompreço Líder Jet.com Hayneedle Moosejaw ModCloth Flipkart Website Corporate website Commercial website Footnotes / references Title: Walmart Passage: Walmart U.S. is the company's largest division, accounting for US $298.38 billion, or 62.3 percent of total sales, for fiscal 2016. It consists of three retail formats that have become commonplace in the United States: Supercenters, Discount Stores, Neighborhood Markets, and other small formats. The discount stores sell a variety of mostly non-grocery products, though emphasis has now shifted towards supercenters, which include more groceries. As of January 31, 2018, there are a total of 4,761 Walmart U.S. stores. Title: New York House of Refuge Passage: The New York House of Refuge was the first juvenile reformatory established in the United States. The reformatory was opened in 1824 on the Bowery in Manhattan, New York City, destroyed by a fire in 1839, and relocated first to Twenty - Third Street and then, in 1854, to Randalls Island. Title: McDonald's Canada Passage: The company was founded by Chicago - born George Cohon. The first store opened in 1967 as the Western Canadian franchisee and operated with the U.S. operations. Cohon was the Eastern Canadian franchise and opened his store in 1968 on Oxford Street West in London, Ontario. In 1971, Cohon merged the two operations to one national operation. Cohon was responsible for developing the eastern Canadian franchises. The first McDonald's restaurant in Canada was opened in 1967 in Richmond, British Columbia, by western franchise owners. It was also the first McDonald's restaurant outside of the United States. As of 2014, McDonald's Canada had 1,400 stores (including Walmart Canada locations) in Canada, and more than 85,000 Canadian employees. Title: Hopi House Passage: Hopi House is located on the South Rim of the Grand Canyon, within Grand Canyon National Park in the U.S. state of Arizona. Built in 1904 as concessioner facilities at the South Rim were being developed, it is the first of eight projects at the Grand Canyon that were designed by architect Mary Colter, along with Bright Angel Lodge, Hermit's Rest, Lookout Studio, Phantom Ranch, Desert View Watchtower, Colter Hall and Victor Hall, (the latter two being employee dormitories). Hopi House was built by the Fred Harvey Company as a market for Native American crafts, made by artisans on the site. The Hopi, as the historic inhabitants of the area, were chosen as the featured artisans, and the building was designed to closely resemble a traditional Hopi pueblo. Hopi House opened on January 1, 1905, two weeks before the El Tovar Hotel, located just to the west, was opened. Title: AKA White House Passage: AKA White House is a luxury extended stay hotel owned by Korman Communities located at 1710 H Street NW in Washington, D.C., in the United States. The operator is AKA, the extended-stay hotel brand owned by Korman Communities. AKA White House opened in 2005. Title: Presby Memorial Iris Gardens Passage: Presby Memorial Iris Gardens is a nonprofit, volunteer-run living museum specializing in iris flowers, located at 474 Upper Mountain Avenue, Montclair in Essex County, New Jersey, New Jersey, United States. The gardens are situated on 6.5 acres. Adjacent to the gardens is a Victorian house, the Walther House. The house is open to the public and is home to a museum shop and headquarters for the Citizens Committee that oversees the gardens. Title: Keedy House Passage: The Keedy House is a historic home located at Boonsboro, Washington County, Maryland, United States. It is a -story home, three bays wide and two deep, built of coursed gray stone about 1790. Also on the property is a small stone bank house with a two-story porch and a small stone springhouse. Title: History of Walmart Passage: In 1991, the company expanded into Connecticut, Delaware, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, and New York. Walmart expanded worldwide this year, with the opening of their first store outside the United States in Mexico City. They also acquired Western Merchandisers, Inc. of Amarillo, Texas. 1991 also saw the launch of the Sam's American Choice brand of products. Title: Sam's Club Passage: Sam's West, Inc. (doing business as Sam's Club) is an American chain of membership-only retail warehouse clubs owned and operated by Walmart Inc., founded in 1983 and named after Walmart founder Sam Walton. , Sam's Club ranks second in sales volume among warehouse clubs with $57.839 billion in sales (in fiscal year 2019) behind rival Costco Wholesale. Title: Sam's Club Passage: As of January 31, 2018, Sam's Club operates 597 membership warehouse clubs in 44 U.S. states. Alaska, Massachusetts, Oregon, Rhode Island, Vermont, and Washington are the only states where Sam's Club does not operate, as is the case for the District of Columbia. Walmart International also operates Sam's Clubs in Mexico, Brazil, and China. It has 162 locations in Mexico, 27 locations in Brazil, and 19 in China. Locations generally range in size from 94,000 -- 161,000 sq ft (8,700 -- 15,000 m), with an average club size of approximately 134,000 sq ft (12,400 m). Title: Pat Keedy Passage: Charles Patrick Keedy (born January 10, 1958, in Birmingham, Alabama) is a former collegiate and professional baseball player who played for Auburn University and three seasons for the California Angels, Chicago White Sox, and Cleveland Indians of Major League Baseball. Keedy is now the Vice Principal at Gardendale High School. Title: Wonderland Village Passage: Wonderland Village is an outdoor shopping center in Livonia, Michigan, United States, a suburb of Detroit. The center is located at the southwest corner of Middlebelt Road and Plymouth Road, approximately one mile south of I-96. Walmart and Target are the complex's anchor stores.	[ "Keedy House", "History of Walmart" ]
2hop__285474_68172	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Tennis was part of the Summer Olympic Games program from the inaugural 1896 Summer Olympics, but was dropped after the 1924 Summer Olympics due to disputes between the International Lawn Tennis Federation and the International Olympic Committee over how to define amateur players. After two appearances as a demonstration sport in 1968 and 1984 (with a U-21 age limit), it returned as a full medal sport at the 1988 Summer Olympics open for all players regardless of their age and status and has been played at every edition of the Games since then.", "title": "Tennis at the Summer Olympics" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The New South Wales Institute of Sport (NSWIS), located at Sydney Olympic Park, was established as a statutory body under the Institute of Sport Act, 1995, following a review recommending central coordination and monitoring of high performance sports programs. Operations officially commenced in 1996. Today, the Institute has almost 700 athletes on squad or individual scholarships and offers 31 sport programs across 24 sports. The services ensure that NSWIS athletes have access to coaching and sports technology while also receiving tailored support to help balance their sporting commitments with personal development and a career.", "title": "New South Wales Institute of Sport" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Josef Sucharda (18 April 1883 – 19 January 1963) was a Czech sports shooter. He competed at the 1920 Summer Olympics and the 1924 Summer Olympics.", "title": "Josef Sucharda" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "A wide range of sports were already established by the time of Ancient Greece and the military culture and the development of sport in Greece influenced one another considerably. Sport became such a prominent part of their culture that the Greeks created the Olympic Games, which in ancient times were held every four years in a small village in the Peloponnesus called Olympia.Sports have been increasingly organised and regulated from the time of the ancient Olympics up to the present century. Industrialisation has brought increased leisure time, letting people attend and follow spectator sports and participate in athletic activities. These trends continued with the advent of mass media and global communication. Professionalism became prevalent, further adding to the increase in sport's popularity, as sports fans followed the exploits of professional athletes – all while enjoying the exercise and competition associated with amateur participation in sports. Since the turn of the 21st century, there has been increasing debate about whether transgender sportspersons should be able to participate in sport events that conform with their post-transition gender identity.", "title": "Sport" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Harihar Banerjee (born 1 March 1918, date of death unknown) was an Indian sports shooter. He competed at the 1952 Summer Olympics and 1956 Summer Olympics.", "title": "Harihar Banerjee" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Nanjing Olympic Sports Center Gymnasium (Simplified Chinese: 南京奥林匹克体育中心体育馆) is an indoor arena in Nanjing, China. The arena used mainly for indoor sports such as basketball and figure skating. The facility has a capacity of 13,000 people and was opened in 2005. It is located near Nanjing Olympic Sports Centre.", "title": "Nanjing Olympic Sports Center Gymnasium" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The history of Olympic volleyball can be traced back to the 1924 Summer Olympics in Paris, where volleyball was played as part of an American sports demonstration event. Its addition to the Olympic program, however, was given only after World War II, with the foundation of the FIVB and of some of the continental confederations. In 1957, a special tournament was held during the 53rd IOC session in Sofia, Bulgaria, to support such request. The competition was a success, and the sport was officially introduced in 1964. The Olympic Committee initially dropped volleyball for the 1968 Olympics, meeting protests.", "title": "Volleyball at the Summer Olympics" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Curling was included in the program of the inaugural Winter Olympic Games in 1924 in Chamonix although the results of that competition were not considered official by the International Olympic Committee until 2006. Curling was a demonstration sport at the 1932 Games, and then again after a lengthy absence in 1988 and 1992. The sport was finally added to the official program for the 1998 Nagano Games.", "title": "Curling at the Winter Olympics" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Kabaddi Kabaddi game Highest governing body International Kabaddi Federation Nicknames Kaudi, Pakaada, Hadudu, Bhavatik, Saadukuda, Hu - Tu - Tu, Himoshika, sadugudu Characteristics Contact Permitted Team members 7 (per side) Mixed gender Yes, separate competitions Type Team sport, Contact sport Equipment None Venue Kabaddi court Presence Country or region Indian Subcontinent tamilnadu Olympic Demonstration sport: 1936 Olympics", "title": "Kabaddi" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Sandro Stielicke (born November 30, 1986 in Rostock) is a German skeleton racer who has competed since 2005. His best World Cup finish was third at Altenberg, Germany in December 2008.", "title": "Sandro Stielicke" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The game developed in British India from the earlier game of battledore and shuttlecock. European play came to be dominated by Denmark but the game has become very popular in Asia, with recent competitions dominated by China. Since 1992, badminton has been a Summer Olympic sport with four events: men's singles, women's singles, men's doubles, and women's doubles, with mixed doubles added four years later. At high levels of play, the sport demands excellent fitness: players require aerobic stamina, agility, strength, speed, and precision. It is also a technical sport, requiring good motor coordination and the development of sophisticated racquet movements.", "title": "Badminton" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Guilherme Paraense (25 June 1884 – 18 April 1968) was a Brazilian sport shooter and Olympic Champion. He was the first Brazilian to win an Olympic gold medal.", "title": "Guilherme Paraense" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In 2005, in order to host The 10th National Game of People's Republic of China, there was a new stadium, Nanjing Olympic Sports Center, constructed in Nanjing. Compared to Wutaishan Sports Center, which the major stadium's capacity is 18,500, Nanjing Olympic Sports Center has a more advanced stadium which is big enough to seat 60,000 spectators. Its gymnasium has capacity of 13,000, and natatorium of capacity 3,000.", "title": "Nanjing" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Basque Pelota was a demonstration sport at the 1924 Summer Olympics in Paris. It was the second time that the sport was included in the Olympic program; it was an official Olympic sport at the 1900 Games that were also held in Paris. It would be included as a demonstration in another two occasions at the 1968 Games in Mexico City and the 1992 Games in Barcelona.", "title": "Basque pelota at the 1924 Summer Olympics" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Harry Crowe Buck (November 25, 1884 -- July 24, 1943) was an American college sports coach and physical education instructor. He founded the YMCA College of Physical Education at Madras in 1920, which played a key role in promoting sports and in establishing the Olympic movement in India. He has been called ``The Father of Physical Education in India ''. He was also one of the founding members of the Olympic movement in India and the Indian Olympic Association, and was manager of the Indian team at the 1924 Olympics.", "title": "Harry Buck" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Kila Raipur Sports Festival, popularly known as the Rural Olympics, is held annually in Kila Raipur (near Ludhiana), in Punjab, India. Competitions are held for major Punjabi rural sports, include cart-race, athletic events and rope pulling.", "title": "Kila Raipur Sports Festival" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Figure skating was first contested in the Olympic Games at the 1908 Summer Olympics. Since 1924, the sport has been a part of the Winter Olympic Games.", "title": "Figure skating at the Olympic Games" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "There are two major sports centers in Nanjing, Wutaishan Sports Center and Nanjing Olympic Sports Center. Both of these two are comprehensive sports centers, including stadium, gymnasium, natatorium, tennis court, etc. Wutaishan Sports Center was established in 1952 and it was one of the oldest and most advanced stadiums in early time of People's Republic of China.", "title": "Nanjing" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Yury Nikandrov (22 November 1923 – 21 December 2018) was a Russian sport shooter who competed in the 1952 Summer Olympics, in the 1956 Summer Olympics, and in the 1960 Summer Olympics.", "title": "Yury Nikandrov" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Skeleton is a winter sport featured in the Winter Olympics where the competitor rides head - first and prone (lying face down) on a flat sled. It is normally run on an ice track that allows the sled to gain speed by gravity. It was first contested at the 1928 Winter Olympics in St. Moritz and again in 1948 Winter Olympics, after which it was discontinued as an Olympic sport. Skeleton was reintroduced at the 2002 Winter Olympics, with both men's and women's events, and has been held in each Winter Olympic competition since. Skeleton is so - named as the first metal sleds introduced in 1892 were said to resemble a human skeleton.", "title": "Skeleton at the Winter Olympics" } ]	When did the sport that Sandro Stielicke plays become an olympic sport?	1928	[]	Title: Harihar Banerjee Passage: Harihar Banerjee (born 1 March 1918, date of death unknown) was an Indian sports shooter. He competed at the 1952 Summer Olympics and 1956 Summer Olympics. Title: Kabaddi Passage: Kabaddi Kabaddi game Highest governing body International Kabaddi Federation Nicknames Kaudi, Pakaada, Hadudu, Bhavatik, Saadukuda, Hu - Tu - Tu, Himoshika, sadugudu Characteristics Contact Permitted Team members 7 (per side) Mixed gender Yes, separate competitions Type Team sport, Contact sport Equipment None Venue Kabaddi court Presence Country or region Indian Subcontinent tamilnadu Olympic Demonstration sport: 1936 Olympics Title: Tennis at the Summer Olympics Passage: Tennis was part of the Summer Olympic Games program from the inaugural 1896 Summer Olympics, but was dropped after the 1924 Summer Olympics due to disputes between the International Lawn Tennis Federation and the International Olympic Committee over how to define amateur players. After two appearances as a demonstration sport in 1968 and 1984 (with a U-21 age limit), it returned as a full medal sport at the 1988 Summer Olympics open for all players regardless of their age and status and has been played at every edition of the Games since then. Title: Josef Sucharda Passage: Josef Sucharda (18 April 1883 – 19 January 1963) was a Czech sports shooter. He competed at the 1920 Summer Olympics and the 1924 Summer Olympics. Title: Volleyball at the Summer Olympics Passage: The history of Olympic volleyball can be traced back to the 1924 Summer Olympics in Paris, where volleyball was played as part of an American sports demonstration event. Its addition to the Olympic program, however, was given only after World War II, with the foundation of the FIVB and of some of the continental confederations. In 1957, a special tournament was held during the 53rd IOC session in Sofia, Bulgaria, to support such request. The competition was a success, and the sport was officially introduced in 1964. The Olympic Committee initially dropped volleyball for the 1968 Olympics, meeting protests. Title: Harry Buck Passage: Harry Crowe Buck (November 25, 1884 -- July 24, 1943) was an American college sports coach and physical education instructor. He founded the YMCA College of Physical Education at Madras in 1920, which played a key role in promoting sports and in establishing the Olympic movement in India. He has been called ``The Father of Physical Education in India ''. He was also one of the founding members of the Olympic movement in India and the Indian Olympic Association, and was manager of the Indian team at the 1924 Olympics. Title: Sport Passage: A wide range of sports were already established by the time of Ancient Greece and the military culture and the development of sport in Greece influenced one another considerably. Sport became such a prominent part of their culture that the Greeks created the Olympic Games, which in ancient times were held every four years in a small village in the Peloponnesus called Olympia.Sports have been increasingly organised and regulated from the time of the ancient Olympics up to the present century. Industrialisation has brought increased leisure time, letting people attend and follow spectator sports and participate in athletic activities. These trends continued with the advent of mass media and global communication. Professionalism became prevalent, further adding to the increase in sport's popularity, as sports fans followed the exploits of professional athletes – all while enjoying the exercise and competition associated with amateur participation in sports. Since the turn of the 21st century, there has been increasing debate about whether transgender sportspersons should be able to participate in sport events that conform with their post-transition gender identity. Title: Curling at the Winter Olympics Passage: Curling was included in the program of the inaugural Winter Olympic Games in 1924 in Chamonix although the results of that competition were not considered official by the International Olympic Committee until 2006. Curling was a demonstration sport at the 1932 Games, and then again after a lengthy absence in 1988 and 1992. The sport was finally added to the official program for the 1998 Nagano Games. Title: Sandro Stielicke Passage: Sandro Stielicke (born November 30, 1986 in Rostock) is a German skeleton racer who has competed since 2005. His best World Cup finish was third at Altenberg, Germany in December 2008. Title: New South Wales Institute of Sport Passage: The New South Wales Institute of Sport (NSWIS), located at Sydney Olympic Park, was established as a statutory body under the Institute of Sport Act, 1995, following a review recommending central coordination and monitoring of high performance sports programs. Operations officially commenced in 1996. Today, the Institute has almost 700 athletes on squad or individual scholarships and offers 31 sport programs across 24 sports. The services ensure that NSWIS athletes have access to coaching and sports technology while also receiving tailored support to help balance their sporting commitments with personal development and a career. Title: Nanjing Passage: There are two major sports centers in Nanjing, Wutaishan Sports Center and Nanjing Olympic Sports Center. Both of these two are comprehensive sports centers, including stadium, gymnasium, natatorium, tennis court, etc. Wutaishan Sports Center was established in 1952 and it was one of the oldest and most advanced stadiums in early time of People's Republic of China. Title: Nanjing Olympic Sports Center Gymnasium Passage: The Nanjing Olympic Sports Center Gymnasium (Simplified Chinese: 南京奥林匹克体育中心体育馆) is an indoor arena in Nanjing, China. The arena used mainly for indoor sports such as basketball and figure skating. The facility has a capacity of 13,000 people and was opened in 2005. It is located near Nanjing Olympic Sports Centre. Title: Guilherme Paraense Passage: Guilherme Paraense (25 June 1884 – 18 April 1968) was a Brazilian sport shooter and Olympic Champion. He was the first Brazilian to win an Olympic gold medal. Title: Nanjing Passage: In 2005, in order to host The 10th National Game of People's Republic of China, there was a new stadium, Nanjing Olympic Sports Center, constructed in Nanjing. Compared to Wutaishan Sports Center, which the major stadium's capacity is 18,500, Nanjing Olympic Sports Center has a more advanced stadium which is big enough to seat 60,000 spectators. Its gymnasium has capacity of 13,000, and natatorium of capacity 3,000. Title: Yury Nikandrov Passage: Yury Nikandrov (22 November 1923 – 21 December 2018) was a Russian sport shooter who competed in the 1952 Summer Olympics, in the 1956 Summer Olympics, and in the 1960 Summer Olympics. Title: Basque pelota at the 1924 Summer Olympics Passage: Basque Pelota was a demonstration sport at the 1924 Summer Olympics in Paris. It was the second time that the sport was included in the Olympic program; it was an official Olympic sport at the 1900 Games that were also held in Paris. It would be included as a demonstration in another two occasions at the 1968 Games in Mexico City and the 1992 Games in Barcelona. Title: Figure skating at the Olympic Games Passage: Figure skating was first contested in the Olympic Games at the 1908 Summer Olympics. Since 1924, the sport has been a part of the Winter Olympic Games. Title: Badminton Passage: The game developed in British India from the earlier game of battledore and shuttlecock. European play came to be dominated by Denmark but the game has become very popular in Asia, with recent competitions dominated by China. Since 1992, badminton has been a Summer Olympic sport with four events: men's singles, women's singles, men's doubles, and women's doubles, with mixed doubles added four years later. At high levels of play, the sport demands excellent fitness: players require aerobic stamina, agility, strength, speed, and precision. It is also a technical sport, requiring good motor coordination and the development of sophisticated racquet movements. Title: Skeleton at the Winter Olympics Passage: Skeleton is a winter sport featured in the Winter Olympics where the competitor rides head - first and prone (lying face down) on a flat sled. It is normally run on an ice track that allows the sled to gain speed by gravity. It was first contested at the 1928 Winter Olympics in St. Moritz and again in 1948 Winter Olympics, after which it was discontinued as an Olympic sport. Skeleton was reintroduced at the 2002 Winter Olympics, with both men's and women's events, and has been held in each Winter Olympic competition since. Skeleton is so - named as the first metal sleds introduced in 1892 were said to resemble a human skeleton. Title: Kila Raipur Sports Festival Passage: Kila Raipur Sports Festival, popularly known as the Rural Olympics, is held annually in Kila Raipur (near Ludhiana), in Punjab, India. Competitions are held for major Punjabi rural sports, include cart-race, athletic events and rope pulling.	[ "Sandro Stielicke", "Skeleton at the Winter Olympics" ]
2hop__142587_552124	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"I Wonder\" is a song written by Chris Lindsey, Aimee Mayo, Karyn Rochelle, and co-written and recorded by American country artist Kellie Pickler. It was released as the second single from her debut album \"Small Town Girl\" (2006), on February 5, 2007.", "title": "I Wonder (Kellie Pickler song)" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Ena Hadi (Greek: Ένα χάδι; ) is the title of the third studio album by the popular Greek artist Peggy Zina, released in 2001 by Nitro Music.", "title": "Ena Hadi" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"I Feel Lucky\" is a song co-written and recorded by American country artist Mary Chapin Carpenter. It was released in May 1992 as the first single from the album \"Come On Come On\". The song reached number 4 on the \"Billboard\" Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart. The Chipettes recorded a cover of this song for the 1992 album \"Chipmunks in Low Places\". It was written by Carpenter and Don Schlitz.", "title": "I Feel Lucky" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Oh Woman, Oh Why\" is a song written by English musician Paul McCartney, first released on the Apple Records label in February 1971 as the B-side to McCartney's debut single as a solo artist, \"Another Day\".", "title": "Oh Woman, Oh Why" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"In My Next Life\" is a song co-written and recorded by Canadian country music artist Terri Clark. It was released in October 2007 as the second single from her unreleased album \"My Next Life\". The song was written by Clark, Tom Shapiro and Jim Collins.", "title": "In My Next Life" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "VHF Records is an American record label, known for their extensive work with several major experimental artists. The label is based in the Washington, DC suburb of Fairfax, Va., and it initially focused on indie and experimental bands from that region. The label has since branched out to release innovative and offbeat music from around the world, although Northern Virginia artists are still prominently featured in the catalog.", "title": "VHF Records" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"'Are You Ever Gonna Love Me\" is a song co-written and recorded by American country music artist Holly Dunn. It was released in May 1989 as the first single from the album \"The Blue Rose of Texas\". Written by Dunn, along with Tom Shapiro and her brother Chris Waters, the song was her first single released by Warner Bros. Records, to which she signed after her previous label, MTM Records, was disestablished.", "title": "Are You Ever Gonna Love Me" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Grace\" is a song by French recording artist Miss Kittin. It is the second and final single from her fourth studio album \"BatBox\" (2008). Co-written and produced by Pascal Gabriel, it is composed as an electropop love song.", "title": "Grace (Miss Kittin song)" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Livin' Our Love Song\" is a song co-written and recorded by American country music artist Jason Michael Carroll. It was released in April 2007 as the second single from his album \"Waitin' in the Country\". Carroll co-wrote the song with Glen Mitchell and Tim Galloway.", "title": "Livin' Our Love Song" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Night Wave is the second studio album by Los Angeles based Electrohop group Hyper Crush. The album was released on the iTunes Store on February 7, 2012. The album was released on Hyper Crush's label Night Wave Records after leaving their previous label Universal Motown because they \"really didn’t see eye to eye with them for a long time.\" The album consists of 11 songs, 4 of which were previously released as singles. Save for three of the songs which were co-written and co-produced, the entire album was written and produced by Hyper Crush.", "title": "Night Wave" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Peggy Zina (Greek: Πέγκυ Ζήνα) is the first album by popular Greek artist Peggy Zina, released in October 1995 by BMG Greece. The album includes her first hit which created controversy with the title: \"An Pas Me Alli Tha Sou Spaso To Kefali\" (If You Go with Another Woman I Will Break Your Head).", "title": "Peggy Zina (album)" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Weston Burt (born in Fort Payne, Alabama) is an American country music singer. Burt is the flagship artist for HitShop Records, a record label distributed by Warner Music Nashville.", "title": "Weston Burt" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Tempted\" is a song co-written and recorded by American country music artist Marty Stuart. It was released in August 1991 as the third single and title track from the album \"Tempted\". The reached #5 on the \"Billboard\" Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart. It was written by Stuart and Paul Kennerley.", "title": "Tempted (Marty Stuart song)" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``Hey! Baby ''is a song written by Margaret Cobb and Bruce Channel, and recorded by Channel in 1961, first released on LeCam Records, a local Fort Worth, Texas label. After it hit, it was released on Smash Records for national distribution. He co-produced the song with Major Bill Smith (owner of LeCam) and released it on Mercury Records' Smash label. The song reached number one on the Billboard Hot 100 for three weeks, starting the week ending March 10, 1962.", "title": "Hey! Baby" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"That's Just Jessie\" is a debut song co-written and recorded by American country music artist Kevin Denney. It was released in December 2001 as the first single from his debut album \"Kevin Denney\". The song was written by Denney, Kerry Kurt Phillips and Patrick Jason Matthews.", "title": "That's Just Jessie" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Walkin' After Midnight\" is a song written by Alan Block and Donn Hecht and recorded by American country music artist Patsy Cline. The song was originally given to pop singer Kay Starr; however, her label rejected it. The song was left unused until Hecht rediscovered it when writing for Four Star Records. Originally Cline was not fond of \"Walkin' After Midnight\", but after making a compromise with her label she recorded it.", "title": "Walkin' After Midnight" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``You Should Be Here ''is a song co-written and recorded by American country music artist Cole Swindell. The song was released to radio on December 14, 2015 as the lead single to his second studio album of the same name (2016). The song, written by Swindell and Ashley Gorley, is a tribute to Swindell's father who died unexpectedly while Swindell was out on tour after signing his record deal.", "title": "You Should Be Here (Cole Swindell song)" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Runnin' with the Wind\" is a song co-written and recorded by American country music artist Eddie Rabbitt. It was released in April 1990 as the second single from the album \"Jersey Boy\". The song reached number 8 on the \"Billboard\" Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart. It was written by Rabbitt and Reed Nielsen.", "title": "Runnin' with the Wind" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Spilled Perfume\" is a song co-written and recorded by American country music artist Pam Tillis. It was released in March 1994 as the lead single from her album \"Sweetheart's Dance\". The song was written by Tillis and Dean Dillon.", "title": "Spilled Perfume" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Nick Records (also known as Nickelodeon Records or Nick Music) is the record label for the children's television channel Nickelodeon. The label featured new and emerging young musical artists, \"triple threat\" singers who would also act and dance on the network's series, and soundtrack and compilations based on Nickelodeon TV shows.", "title": "Nick Records" } ]	What record label does the artist who co-write and record Ena Hadi belong to?	BMG	[]	Title: Hey! Baby Passage: ``Hey! Baby ''is a song written by Margaret Cobb and Bruce Channel, and recorded by Channel in 1961, first released on LeCam Records, a local Fort Worth, Texas label. After it hit, it was released on Smash Records for national distribution. He co-produced the song with Major Bill Smith (owner of LeCam) and released it on Mercury Records' Smash label. The song reached number one on the Billboard Hot 100 for three weeks, starting the week ending March 10, 1962. Title: I Feel Lucky Passage: "I Feel Lucky" is a song co-written and recorded by American country artist Mary Chapin Carpenter. It was released in May 1992 as the first single from the album "Come On Come On". The song reached number 4 on the "Billboard" Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart. The Chipettes recorded a cover of this song for the 1992 album "Chipmunks in Low Places". It was written by Carpenter and Don Schlitz. Title: That's Just Jessie Passage: "That's Just Jessie" is a debut song co-written and recorded by American country music artist Kevin Denney. It was released in December 2001 as the first single from his debut album "Kevin Denney". The song was written by Denney, Kerry Kurt Phillips and Patrick Jason Matthews. Title: Walkin' After Midnight Passage: "Walkin' After Midnight" is a song written by Alan Block and Donn Hecht and recorded by American country music artist Patsy Cline. The song was originally given to pop singer Kay Starr; however, her label rejected it. The song was left unused until Hecht rediscovered it when writing for Four Star Records. Originally Cline was not fond of "Walkin' After Midnight", but after making a compromise with her label she recorded it. Title: Night Wave Passage: Night Wave is the second studio album by Los Angeles based Electrohop group Hyper Crush. The album was released on the iTunes Store on February 7, 2012. The album was released on Hyper Crush's label Night Wave Records after leaving their previous label Universal Motown because they "really didn’t see eye to eye with them for a long time." The album consists of 11 songs, 4 of which were previously released as singles. Save for three of the songs which were co-written and co-produced, the entire album was written and produced by Hyper Crush. Title: Oh Woman, Oh Why Passage: "Oh Woman, Oh Why" is a song written by English musician Paul McCartney, first released on the Apple Records label in February 1971 as the B-side to McCartney's debut single as a solo artist, "Another Day". Title: Grace (Miss Kittin song) Passage: "Grace" is a song by French recording artist Miss Kittin. It is the second and final single from her fourth studio album "BatBox" (2008). Co-written and produced by Pascal Gabriel, it is composed as an electropop love song. Title: Spilled Perfume Passage: "Spilled Perfume" is a song co-written and recorded by American country music artist Pam Tillis. It was released in March 1994 as the lead single from her album "Sweetheart's Dance". The song was written by Tillis and Dean Dillon. Title: VHF Records Passage: VHF Records is an American record label, known for their extensive work with several major experimental artists. The label is based in the Washington, DC suburb of Fairfax, Va., and it initially focused on indie and experimental bands from that region. The label has since branched out to release innovative and offbeat music from around the world, although Northern Virginia artists are still prominently featured in the catalog. Title: Ena Hadi Passage: Ena Hadi (Greek: Ένα χάδι; ) is the title of the third studio album by the popular Greek artist Peggy Zina, released in 2001 by Nitro Music. Title: Tempted (Marty Stuart song) Passage: "Tempted" is a song co-written and recorded by American country music artist Marty Stuart. It was released in August 1991 as the third single and title track from the album "Tempted". The reached #5 on the "Billboard" Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart. It was written by Stuart and Paul Kennerley. Title: Nick Records Passage: Nick Records (also known as Nickelodeon Records or Nick Music) is the record label for the children's television channel Nickelodeon. The label featured new and emerging young musical artists, "triple threat" singers who would also act and dance on the network's series, and soundtrack and compilations based on Nickelodeon TV shows. Title: Livin' Our Love Song Passage: "Livin' Our Love Song" is a song co-written and recorded by American country music artist Jason Michael Carroll. It was released in April 2007 as the second single from his album "Waitin' in the Country". Carroll co-wrote the song with Glen Mitchell and Tim Galloway. Title: I Wonder (Kellie Pickler song) Passage: "I Wonder" is a song written by Chris Lindsey, Aimee Mayo, Karyn Rochelle, and co-written and recorded by American country artist Kellie Pickler. It was released as the second single from her debut album "Small Town Girl" (2006), on February 5, 2007. Title: In My Next Life Passage: "In My Next Life" is a song co-written and recorded by Canadian country music artist Terri Clark. It was released in October 2007 as the second single from her unreleased album "My Next Life". The song was written by Clark, Tom Shapiro and Jim Collins. Title: Runnin' with the Wind Passage: "Runnin' with the Wind" is a song co-written and recorded by American country music artist Eddie Rabbitt. It was released in April 1990 as the second single from the album "Jersey Boy". The song reached number 8 on the "Billboard" Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart. It was written by Rabbitt and Reed Nielsen. Title: You Should Be Here (Cole Swindell song) Passage: ``You Should Be Here ''is a song co-written and recorded by American country music artist Cole Swindell. The song was released to radio on December 14, 2015 as the lead single to his second studio album of the same name (2016). The song, written by Swindell and Ashley Gorley, is a tribute to Swindell's father who died unexpectedly while Swindell was out on tour after signing his record deal. Title: Peggy Zina (album) Passage: Peggy Zina (Greek: Πέγκυ Ζήνα) is the first album by popular Greek artist Peggy Zina, released in October 1995 by BMG Greece. The album includes her first hit which created controversy with the title: "An Pas Me Alli Tha Sou Spaso To Kefali" (If You Go with Another Woman I Will Break Your Head). Title: Weston Burt Passage: Weston Burt (born in Fort Payne, Alabama) is an American country music singer. Burt is the flagship artist for HitShop Records, a record label distributed by Warner Music Nashville. Title: Are You Ever Gonna Love Me Passage: "'Are You Ever Gonna Love Me" is a song co-written and recorded by American country music artist Holly Dunn. It was released in May 1989 as the first single from the album "The Blue Rose of Texas". Written by Dunn, along with Tom Shapiro and her brother Chris Waters, the song was her first single released by Warner Bros. Records, to which she signed after her previous label, MTM Records, was disestablished.	[ "Ena Hadi", "Peggy Zina (album)" ]
3hop1__177520_771265_1940	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Lobster Trap and Fish Tail, a mobile by American artist Alexander Calder, is located at the Museum of Modern Art in New York City, New York, United States. It is one of Calder's earliest hanging mobiles and \"the first to reveal the basic characteristics of the genre that launched his enormous international reputation and popularity.\"", "title": "Lobster Trap and Fish Tail" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In 1950, whites represented 94.7% of Boston's population. From the 1950s to the end of the 20th century, the proportion of non-Hispanic whites in the city declined; in 2000, non-Hispanic whites made up 49.5% of the city's population, making the city majority-minority for the first time. However, in recent years the city has experienced significant gentrification, in which affluent whites have moved into formerly non-white areas. In 2006, the US Census Bureau estimated that non-Hispanic whites again formed a slight majority. But as of 2010, in part due to the housing crash, as well as increased efforts to make more affordable housing more available, the minority population has rebounded. This may also have to do with an increased Latino population and more clarity surrounding US Census statistics, which indicate a Non-Hispanic White population of 47 percent (some reports give slightly lower figures).", "title": "Boston" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Houston is considered to be a politically divided city whose balance of power often sways between Republicans and Democrats. Much of the city's wealthier areas vote Republican while the city's working class and minority areas vote Democratic. According to the 2005 Houston Area Survey, 68 percent of non-Hispanic whites in Harris County are declared or favor Republicans while 89 percent of non-Hispanic blacks in the area are declared or favor Democrats. About 62 percent Hispanics (of any race) in the area are declared or favor Democrats. The city has often been known to be the most politically diverse city in Texas, a state known for being generally conservative. As a result, the city is often a contested area in statewide elections. In 2009, Houston became the first US city with a population over 1 million citizens to elect a gay mayor, by electing Annise Parker.", "title": "Houston" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "As of the 2010 U.S. Census, there were 113,394 people, 45,634 households, and 21,704 families residing in the city. The population density was 4,270.33 people per square mile (2653.47/km²). There were 49,982 housing units at an average density of 1,748.0 per square mile (675.0/km²), making it less densely populated than inner-ring Detroit suburbs like Oak Park and Ferndale (and than Detroit proper), but more densely populated than outer-ring suburbs like Livonia or Troy. The racial makeup of the city was 73.0% White (70.4% non-Hispanic White), 7.7% Black or African American, 0.3% Native American, 14.4% Asian, 0.0% Pacific Islander, 1.0% from other races, and 3.6% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino residents of any race were 4.1% of the population.", "title": "Ann Arbor, Michigan" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In 1960, non-Hispanic whites represented 80% of Miami-Dade county's population. In 1970, the Census Bureau reported Miami's population as 45.3% Hispanic, 32.9% non-Hispanic White, and 22.7% Black. Miami's explosive population growth has been driven by internal migration from other parts of the country, primarily up until the 1980s, as well as by immigration, primarily from the 1960s to the 1990s. Today, immigration to Miami has slowed significantly and Miami's growth today is attributed greatly to its fast urbanization and high-rise construction, which has increased its inner city neighborhood population densities, such as in Downtown, Brickell, and Edgewater, where one area in Downtown alone saw a 2,069% increase in population in the 2010 Census. Miami is regarded as more of a multicultural mosaic, than it is a melting pot, with residents still maintaining much of, or some of their cultural traits. The overall culture of Miami is heavily influenced by its large population of Hispanics and blacks mainly from the Caribbean islands.", "title": "Miami" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Not Fade Away is a 2012 drama film and the directorial debut of \"The Sopranos\" creator David Chase. It was released on December 21, 2012.", "title": "Not Fade Away (film)" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "As of the census of 2010, there were 520,116 people, 229,762 households, and 112,455 families residing in the city. The population density was 2,500.1 inhabitants per square mile (965.3/km²). There were 209,609 housing units at an average density of 1,076.7 per square mile (415.7/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 69.7% White (down from 94.8% in 1970), 5.0% Black or African-American, 2.7% Native American, 2.9% Asian, 0.2% Pacific Islander, 16.9% from other races, and 3.8% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 41.6% of the population. Non-Hispanic Whites were 47.2% of the population in 2010, down from 72.8% in 1970.", "title": "Tucson, Arizona" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "According to the 2009 American Community Survey, White Americans of both Hispanic and non-Hispanic origin represented over one-fifth (22.9%) of the Bronx's population. However, non-Hispanic whites formed under one-eighth (12.1%) of the population, down from 34.4% in 1980. Out of all five boroughs, the Bronx has the lowest number and percentage of white residents. 320,640 whites called the Bronx home, of which 168,570 were non-Hispanic whites. The majority of the non-Hispanic European American population is of Italian and Irish descent. People of Italian descent numbered over 55,000 individuals and made up 3.9% of the population. People of Irish descent numbered over 43,500 individuals and made up 3.1% of the population. German Americans and Polish Americans made up 1.4% and 0.8% of the population respectively.", "title": "The Bronx" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Houston is considered to be a politically divided city whose balance of power often sways between Republicans and Democrats. Much of the city's wealthier areas vote Republican while the city's working class and minority areas vote Democratic. According to the 2005 Houston Area Survey, 68 percent of non-Hispanic whites in Harris County are declared or favor Republicans while 89 percent of non-Hispanic blacks in the area are declared or favor Democrats. About 62 percent of Hispanics (of any race) in the area are declared or favor Democrats. The city has often been known to be the most politically diverse city in Texas, a state known for being generally conservative. As a result, the city is often a contested area in statewide elections. In 2009, Houston became the first U.S. city with a population over 1 million citizens to elect a gay mayor, by electing Annise Parker.", "title": "Houston" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The 2010 United States Census reported that Fresno had a population of 494,665. The population density was 4,404.5 people per square mile (1,700.6/km²). The racial makeup of Fresno was 245,306 (49.6%) White, 40,960 (8.3%) African American, 8,525 (1.7%) Native American, 62,528 (12.6%) Asian (3.6% Hmong, 1.7% Indian, 1.2% Filipino, 1.2% Laotian, 1.0% Thai, 0.8% Cambodian, 0.7% Chinese, 0.5% Japanese, 0.4% Vietnamese, 0.2% Korean), 849 (0.2%) Pacific Islander, 111,984 (22.6%) from other races, and 24,513 (5.0%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 232,055 persons (46.9%). Among the Hispanic population, 42.7% of the total population are Mexican, 0.4% Salvadoran, and 0.4% Puerto Rican. Non-Hispanic Whites were 30.0% of the population in 2010, down from 72.6% in 1970.", "title": "Fresno, California" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "As of the 2000 United States Census there were 40,517 people, 15,848 households, and 8,700 families residing in the city. The population density was 3,569.8 people per square mile (1,378.3/km2). There were 20,219 housing units at an average density of 1,781.4 per square mile (687.8/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 44.16% black or African American, 26.68% White, 0.48% Native American, 10.40% Asian, 0.06% Pacific Islander, 13.76% other races, and 4.47% from two or more races. 24.95% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. 19.44% of the population was non-Hispanic whites.", "title": "Atlantic City, New Jersey" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Ricci v. DeStefano was heard by the United States Supreme Court in 2009. The case concerns White and Hispanic firefighters in New Haven, Connecticut, who upon passing their test for promotions to management were denied the promotions, allegedly because of a discriminatory or at least questionable test. The test gave 17 whites and two Hispanics the possibility of immediate promotion. Although 23% of those taking the test were African American, none scored high enough to qualify. Because of the possibility the tests were biased in violation of Title VII of the Civil Rights Act, no candidates were promoted pending outcome of the controversy. In a split 5-4 vote, the Supreme Court ruled that New Haven had engaged in impermissible racial discrimination against the White and Hispanic majority.", "title": "Affirmative action in the United States" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Beginning in January 2017, Massachusetts and Washington will have the highest state minimum wages. There is a racial difference for support of a higher minimum wage with most black and Hispanic individuals supporting a $15.00 federal minimum wage, and 54% of whites opposing it. In 2015, about 3 percent of White, Asian, and Hispanic or Latino workers earned the federal minimum wage or less. Among Black workers, the percentage was about 4 percent.", "title": "Minimum wage in the United States" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``Keep Your Head to the Sky ''is a song by R&B band Earth, Wind & Fire which was written by Maurice White and produced by Joe Wissert. Included on the band's 1973 album, Head to the Sky. It was released as a single in the same year.", "title": "Keep Your Head to the Sky" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Many Latin American migrants have been mestizo, Amerindian, or other mixed race. Multiracial Latinos have limited media appearance; critics have accused the U.S. Hispanic media of overlooking the brown-skinned indigenous and multiracial Hispanic and black Hispanic populations by over-representation of blond and blue/green-eyed white Hispanic and Latino Americans (who resemble Scandinavians and other Northern Europeans rather than they look like white Hispanic and Latino Americans mostly of typical Southern European features), and also light-skinned mulatto and mestizo Hispanic and Latino Americans (often deemed as white persons in U.S. Hispanic and Latino populations if achieving the middle class or higher social status), especially some of the actors on the telenovelas.", "title": "Multiracial Americans" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In 1940, non-Hispanic whites constituted 86.8% of the city's population. The population peaked at more than two million residents in 1950, then began to decline with the restructuring of industry, which led to the loss of many middle-class union jobs. In addition, suburbanization had been drawing off many of the wealthier residents to outlying railroad commuting towns and newer housing. Revitalization and gentrification of neighborhoods began in the late 1970s and continues into the 21st century, with much of the development in the Center City and University City areas of the city. After many of the old manufacturers and businesses left Philadelphia or shut down, the city started attracting service businesses and began to more aggressively market itself as a tourist destination. Glass-and-granite skyscrapers were built in Center City. Historic areas such as Independence National Historical Park located in Old City and Society Hill were renovated during the reformist mayoral era of the 1950s through the 1980s. They are now among the most desirable living areas of Center City. This has slowed the city's 40-year population decline after it lost nearly one-quarter of its population.", "title": "Philadelphia" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Sky Hooks is a painted sheet steel sculpture by Alexander Calder, constructed in 1962. It is located at the Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden.", "title": "Sky Hooks" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "New York City has the largest European and non-Hispanic white population of any American city. At 2.7 million in 2012, New York's non-Hispanic white population is larger than the non-Hispanic white populations of Los Angeles (1.1 million), Chicago (865,000), and Houston (550,000) combined. The European diaspora residing in the city is very diverse. According to 2012 Census estimates, there were roughly 560,000 Italian Americans, 385,000 Irish Americans, 253,000 German Americans, 223,000 Russian Americans, 201,000 Polish Americans, and 137,000 English Americans. Additionally, Greek and French Americans numbered 65,000 each, with those of Hungarian descent estimated at 60,000 people. Ukrainian and Scottish Americans numbered 55,000 and 35,000, respectively. People identifying ancestry from Spain numbered 30,838 total in 2010. People of Norwegian and Swedish descent both stood at about 20,000 each, while people of Czech, Lithuanian, Portuguese, Scotch-Irish, and Welsh descent all numbered between 12,000–14,000 people. Arab Americans number over 160,000 in New York City, with the highest concentration in Brooklyn. Central Asians, primarily Uzbek Americans, are a rapidly growing segment of the city's non-Hispanic white population, enumerating over 30,000, and including over half of all Central Asian immigrants to the United States, most settling in Queens or Brooklyn. Albanian Americans are most highly concentrated in the Bronx.", "title": "New York City" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "As of July 2016, White Americans are the racial majority. African Americans are the largest racial minority, amounting to an estimated 12.7% of the population. Hispanic and Latino Americans amount to an estimated 17.8% of the total U.S. population, making up the largest ethnic minority. The White, non-Hispanic or Latino population make up 61.3% of the nation's total, with the total White population (including White Hispanics and Latinos) being 76.9%.", "title": "Race and ethnicity in the United States" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Rosa Rosales is an American political activist. She served as the 45th national president of the League of United Latin American Citizens, the largest and oldest Hispanic civil rights organization in the United States, from 2002–2010. Rosales advocates for Hispanics across the country on issues of education, health, housing, civil rights, and many other issues affecting Hispanics.", "title": "Rosa Rosales" } ]	How many non-Hispanic whites lived in 2012 in the city where Sky Hook's creator died?	2.7 million	[]	Title: Race and ethnicity in the United States Passage: As of July 2016, White Americans are the racial majority. African Americans are the largest racial minority, amounting to an estimated 12.7% of the population. Hispanic and Latino Americans amount to an estimated 17.8% of the total U.S. population, making up the largest ethnic minority. The White, non-Hispanic or Latino population make up 61.3% of the nation's total, with the total White population (including White Hispanics and Latinos) being 76.9%. Title: Houston Passage: Houston is considered to be a politically divided city whose balance of power often sways between Republicans and Democrats. Much of the city's wealthier areas vote Republican while the city's working class and minority areas vote Democratic. According to the 2005 Houston Area Survey, 68 percent of non-Hispanic whites in Harris County are declared or favor Republicans while 89 percent of non-Hispanic blacks in the area are declared or favor Democrats. About 62 percent of Hispanics (of any race) in the area are declared or favor Democrats. The city has often been known to be the most politically diverse city in Texas, a state known for being generally conservative. As a result, the city is often a contested area in statewide elections. In 2009, Houston became the first U.S. city with a population over 1 million citizens to elect a gay mayor, by electing Annise Parker. Title: Keep Your Head to the Sky Passage: ``Keep Your Head to the Sky ''is a song by R&B band Earth, Wind & Fire which was written by Maurice White and produced by Joe Wissert. Included on the band's 1973 album, Head to the Sky. It was released as a single in the same year. Title: Houston Passage: Houston is considered to be a politically divided city whose balance of power often sways between Republicans and Democrats. Much of the city's wealthier areas vote Republican while the city's working class and minority areas vote Democratic. According to the 2005 Houston Area Survey, 68 percent of non-Hispanic whites in Harris County are declared or favor Republicans while 89 percent of non-Hispanic blacks in the area are declared or favor Democrats. About 62 percent Hispanics (of any race) in the area are declared or favor Democrats. The city has often been known to be the most politically diverse city in Texas, a state known for being generally conservative. As a result, the city is often a contested area in statewide elections. In 2009, Houston became the first US city with a population over 1 million citizens to elect a gay mayor, by electing Annise Parker. Title: Philadelphia Passage: In 1940, non-Hispanic whites constituted 86.8% of the city's population. The population peaked at more than two million residents in 1950, then began to decline with the restructuring of industry, which led to the loss of many middle-class union jobs. In addition, suburbanization had been drawing off many of the wealthier residents to outlying railroad commuting towns and newer housing. Revitalization and gentrification of neighborhoods began in the late 1970s and continues into the 21st century, with much of the development in the Center City and University City areas of the city. After many of the old manufacturers and businesses left Philadelphia or shut down, the city started attracting service businesses and began to more aggressively market itself as a tourist destination. Glass-and-granite skyscrapers were built in Center City. Historic areas such as Independence National Historical Park located in Old City and Society Hill were renovated during the reformist mayoral era of the 1950s through the 1980s. They are now among the most desirable living areas of Center City. This has slowed the city's 40-year population decline after it lost nearly one-quarter of its population. Title: Fresno, California Passage: The 2010 United States Census reported that Fresno had a population of 494,665. The population density was 4,404.5 people per square mile (1,700.6/km²). The racial makeup of Fresno was 245,306 (49.6%) White, 40,960 (8.3%) African American, 8,525 (1.7%) Native American, 62,528 (12.6%) Asian (3.6% Hmong, 1.7% Indian, 1.2% Filipino, 1.2% Laotian, 1.0% Thai, 0.8% Cambodian, 0.7% Chinese, 0.5% Japanese, 0.4% Vietnamese, 0.2% Korean), 849 (0.2%) Pacific Islander, 111,984 (22.6%) from other races, and 24,513 (5.0%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 232,055 persons (46.9%). Among the Hispanic population, 42.7% of the total population are Mexican, 0.4% Salvadoran, and 0.4% Puerto Rican. Non-Hispanic Whites were 30.0% of the population in 2010, down from 72.6% in 1970. Title: Atlantic City, New Jersey Passage: As of the 2000 United States Census there were 40,517 people, 15,848 households, and 8,700 families residing in the city. The population density was 3,569.8 people per square mile (1,378.3/km2). There were 20,219 housing units at an average density of 1,781.4 per square mile (687.8/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 44.16% black or African American, 26.68% White, 0.48% Native American, 10.40% Asian, 0.06% Pacific Islander, 13.76% other races, and 4.47% from two or more races. 24.95% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. 19.44% of the population was non-Hispanic whites. Title: Miami Passage: In 1960, non-Hispanic whites represented 80% of Miami-Dade county's population. In 1970, the Census Bureau reported Miami's population as 45.3% Hispanic, 32.9% non-Hispanic White, and 22.7% Black. Miami's explosive population growth has been driven by internal migration from other parts of the country, primarily up until the 1980s, as well as by immigration, primarily from the 1960s to the 1990s. Today, immigration to Miami has slowed significantly and Miami's growth today is attributed greatly to its fast urbanization and high-rise construction, which has increased its inner city neighborhood population densities, such as in Downtown, Brickell, and Edgewater, where one area in Downtown alone saw a 2,069% increase in population in the 2010 Census. Miami is regarded as more of a multicultural mosaic, than it is a melting pot, with residents still maintaining much of, or some of their cultural traits. The overall culture of Miami is heavily influenced by its large population of Hispanics and blacks mainly from the Caribbean islands. Title: Not Fade Away (film) Passage: Not Fade Away is a 2012 drama film and the directorial debut of "The Sopranos" creator David Chase. It was released on December 21, 2012. Title: Rosa Rosales Passage: Rosa Rosales is an American political activist. She served as the 45th national president of the League of United Latin American Citizens, the largest and oldest Hispanic civil rights organization in the United States, from 2002–2010. Rosales advocates for Hispanics across the country on issues of education, health, housing, civil rights, and many other issues affecting Hispanics. Title: Lobster Trap and Fish Tail Passage: Lobster Trap and Fish Tail, a mobile by American artist Alexander Calder, is located at the Museum of Modern Art in New York City, New York, United States. It is one of Calder's earliest hanging mobiles and "the first to reveal the basic characteristics of the genre that launched his enormous international reputation and popularity." Title: Minimum wage in the United States Passage: Beginning in January 2017, Massachusetts and Washington will have the highest state minimum wages. There is a racial difference for support of a higher minimum wage with most black and Hispanic individuals supporting a $15.00 federal minimum wage, and 54% of whites opposing it. In 2015, about 3 percent of White, Asian, and Hispanic or Latino workers earned the federal minimum wage or less. Among Black workers, the percentage was about 4 percent. Title: New York City Passage: New York City has the largest European and non-Hispanic white population of any American city. At 2.7 million in 2012, New York's non-Hispanic white population is larger than the non-Hispanic white populations of Los Angeles (1.1 million), Chicago (865,000), and Houston (550,000) combined. The European diaspora residing in the city is very diverse. According to 2012 Census estimates, there were roughly 560,000 Italian Americans, 385,000 Irish Americans, 253,000 German Americans, 223,000 Russian Americans, 201,000 Polish Americans, and 137,000 English Americans. Additionally, Greek and French Americans numbered 65,000 each, with those of Hungarian descent estimated at 60,000 people. Ukrainian and Scottish Americans numbered 55,000 and 35,000, respectively. People identifying ancestry from Spain numbered 30,838 total in 2010. People of Norwegian and Swedish descent both stood at about 20,000 each, while people of Czech, Lithuanian, Portuguese, Scotch-Irish, and Welsh descent all numbered between 12,000–14,000 people. Arab Americans number over 160,000 in New York City, with the highest concentration in Brooklyn. Central Asians, primarily Uzbek Americans, are a rapidly growing segment of the city's non-Hispanic white population, enumerating over 30,000, and including over half of all Central Asian immigrants to the United States, most settling in Queens or Brooklyn. Albanian Americans are most highly concentrated in the Bronx. Title: Boston Passage: In 1950, whites represented 94.7% of Boston's population. From the 1950s to the end of the 20th century, the proportion of non-Hispanic whites in the city declined; in 2000, non-Hispanic whites made up 49.5% of the city's population, making the city majority-minority for the first time. However, in recent years the city has experienced significant gentrification, in which affluent whites have moved into formerly non-white areas. In 2006, the US Census Bureau estimated that non-Hispanic whites again formed a slight majority. But as of 2010, in part due to the housing crash, as well as increased efforts to make more affordable housing more available, the minority population has rebounded. This may also have to do with an increased Latino population and more clarity surrounding US Census statistics, which indicate a Non-Hispanic White population of 47 percent (some reports give slightly lower figures). Title: Ann Arbor, Michigan Passage: As of the 2010 U.S. Census, there were 113,394 people, 45,634 households, and 21,704 families residing in the city. The population density was 4,270.33 people per square mile (2653.47/km²). There were 49,982 housing units at an average density of 1,748.0 per square mile (675.0/km²), making it less densely populated than inner-ring Detroit suburbs like Oak Park and Ferndale (and than Detroit proper), but more densely populated than outer-ring suburbs like Livonia or Troy. The racial makeup of the city was 73.0% White (70.4% non-Hispanic White), 7.7% Black or African American, 0.3% Native American, 14.4% Asian, 0.0% Pacific Islander, 1.0% from other races, and 3.6% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino residents of any race were 4.1% of the population. Title: Sky Hooks Passage: Sky Hooks is a painted sheet steel sculpture by Alexander Calder, constructed in 1962. It is located at the Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden. Title: Affirmative action in the United States Passage: Ricci v. DeStefano was heard by the United States Supreme Court in 2009. The case concerns White and Hispanic firefighters in New Haven, Connecticut, who upon passing their test for promotions to management were denied the promotions, allegedly because of a discriminatory or at least questionable test. The test gave 17 whites and two Hispanics the possibility of immediate promotion. Although 23% of those taking the test were African American, none scored high enough to qualify. Because of the possibility the tests were biased in violation of Title VII of the Civil Rights Act, no candidates were promoted pending outcome of the controversy. In a split 5-4 vote, the Supreme Court ruled that New Haven had engaged in impermissible racial discrimination against the White and Hispanic majority. Title: Multiracial Americans Passage: Many Latin American migrants have been mestizo, Amerindian, or other mixed race. Multiracial Latinos have limited media appearance; critics have accused the U.S. Hispanic media of overlooking the brown-skinned indigenous and multiracial Hispanic and black Hispanic populations by over-representation of blond and blue/green-eyed white Hispanic and Latino Americans (who resemble Scandinavians and other Northern Europeans rather than they look like white Hispanic and Latino Americans mostly of typical Southern European features), and also light-skinned mulatto and mestizo Hispanic and Latino Americans (often deemed as white persons in U.S. Hispanic and Latino populations if achieving the middle class or higher social status), especially some of the actors on the telenovelas. Title: The Bronx Passage: According to the 2009 American Community Survey, White Americans of both Hispanic and non-Hispanic origin represented over one-fifth (22.9%) of the Bronx's population. However, non-Hispanic whites formed under one-eighth (12.1%) of the population, down from 34.4% in 1980. Out of all five boroughs, the Bronx has the lowest number and percentage of white residents. 320,640 whites called the Bronx home, of which 168,570 were non-Hispanic whites. The majority of the non-Hispanic European American population is of Italian and Irish descent. People of Italian descent numbered over 55,000 individuals and made up 3.9% of the population. People of Irish descent numbered over 43,500 individuals and made up 3.1% of the population. German Americans and Polish Americans made up 1.4% and 0.8% of the population respectively. Title: Tucson, Arizona Passage: As of the census of 2010, there were 520,116 people, 229,762 households, and 112,455 families residing in the city. The population density was 2,500.1 inhabitants per square mile (965.3/km²). There were 209,609 housing units at an average density of 1,076.7 per square mile (415.7/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 69.7% White (down from 94.8% in 1970), 5.0% Black or African-American, 2.7% Native American, 2.9% Asian, 0.2% Pacific Islander, 16.9% from other races, and 3.8% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 41.6% of the population. Non-Hispanic Whites were 47.2% of the population in 2010, down from 72.8% in 1970.	[ "Lobster Trap and Fish Tail", "Sky Hooks", "New York City" ]
4hop1__205937_144938_83779_34740	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Bank of Hartland, at 112 E. Capitol Dr. in Hartland, Wisconsin, United States, was originally built in 1894. It was remodeled and expanded in 1930 to design by architects Eschweiler & Eschweiler. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1988.", "title": "Bank of Hartland" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Mutz Greenbaum (3 February 1896 – 5 July 1968), sometimes credited as Max Greene or Max Greenbaum, was a Berlin, Germany-born film cinematographer.", "title": "Mutz Greenbaum" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In 255 B.C., Ariarathes III took the title of king and married Stratonice, a daughter of Antiochus II, remaining an ally of the Seleucid kingdom. Under Ariarathes IV, Cappadocia came into relations with Rome, first as a foe espousing the cause of Antiochus the Great, then as an ally against Perseus of Macedon and finally in a war against the Seleucids. Ariarathes V also waged war with Rome against Aristonicus, a claimant to the throne of Pergamon, and their forces were annihilated in 130 BCE. This defeat allowed Pontus to invade and conquer the kingdom.", "title": "Hellenistic period" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The first director of the NRA was Hugh S. Johnson, a retired United States Army general and a successful businessman. He was named Time magazine's ``Man of the Year ''in 1933. Johnson saw the NRA as a national crusade designed to restore employment and regenerate industry.", "title": "National Recovery Administration" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The western Allies' decision to leave eastern Germany and the city of Berlin to the Red Army -- honoring the agreement they made with the Soviet Union at Yalta -- eventually had serious repercussions as the Cold War emerged and expanded in the post-war era.", "title": "Race to Berlin" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "During World War I, the German Empire was one of the Central Powers that lost the war. It began participation in the conflict after the declaration of war against Serbia by its ally, Austria - Hungary. German forces fought the Allies on both the eastern and western fronts, although German territory itself remained relatively safe from widespread invasion for most of the war, except for a brief period in 1914 when East Prussia was invaded. A tight blockade imposed by the Royal Navy caused severe food shortages in the cities, especially in the winter of 1916 -- 17, known as the Turnip Winter. At the end of the war, Germany's defeat and widespread popular discontent triggered the German Revolution of 1918 -- 19 which overthrew the monarchy and established the Weimar Republic.", "title": "History of Germany during World War I" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Mudlark is American guitarist Leo Kottke's fourth album, his first on a major label (Capitol) and his first to feature other musicians. It reached #168 on the Billboard Pop Albums charts.", "title": "Mudlark (album)" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Texas State Capitol, completed in 1888 in Downtown Austin, contains the offices and chambers of the Texas Legislature and the Office of the Governor. Designed in 1881 by architect Elijah E. Myers, it was constructed from 1882 to 1888 under the direction of civil engineer Reuben Lindsay Walker. A $75 million underground extension was completed in 1993. The building was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1970 and recognized as a National Historic Landmark in 1986. The Texas State Capitol is 302.64 feet (92.24 m) tall, making it the sixth tallest state capitol and one of several taller than the United States Capitol in Washington, D.C.", "title": "Texas State Capitol" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "At the start of the war on 1 September 1939, the Allies consisted of France, Poland and the United Kingdom, as well as their dependent states, such as British India. Within days they were joined by the independent Dominions of the British Commonwealth: Australia, Canada, New Zealand and South Africa. After the start of the German invasion of North Europe until the Balkan Campaign, the Netherlands, Belgium, Greece, and Yugoslavia joined the Allies. After first having cooperated with Germany in invading Poland whilst remaining neutral in the Allied - Axis conflict, the Soviet Union perforce joined the Allies in June 1941 after being invaded by Germany. The United States provided war materiel and money all along, and officially joined in December 1941 after the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor. China had already been in a prolonged war with Japan since the Marco Polo Bridge Incident of 1937, but officially joined the Allies in 1941.", "title": "Allies of World War II" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The 2010 FIFA World Cup was the 19th FIFA World Cup, the world championship for men's national association football teams. It took place in South Africa from 11 June to 11 July 2010. The bidding process for hosting the tournament finals was open only to African nations. In 2004, the international football federation, FIFA, selected South Africa over Egypt and Morocco to become the first African nation to host the finals.", "title": "2010 FIFA World Cup" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Dangerous Man is the eighth studio album by country music singer Trace Adkins, released on August 15, 2006 on Capitol Records Nashville. The album produced three singles on the \"Billboard\" Hot Country Songs charts between 2006 and mid-2007. The first of these, \"Swing\", reached number 20 while the second single, \"Ladies Love Country Boys\", became his second number one hit and his first since \"(This Ain't) No Thinkin' Thing\" in 1997. The third single, \"I Wanna Feel Something\", reached number 25 on the same chart. Overall, \"Dangerous Man\" is certified Gold by the RIAA.", "title": "Dangerous Man" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Texas State Capitol Austin 30 ° 16 ′ 29 ''N 97 ° 44 ′ 26'' W / 30.27472 ° N 97.74056 ° W / 30.27472; - 97.74056 (Texas State Capitol) 1881 -- 1888 1993 (underground extension) National Historic Landmark National Register of Historic Places Largest state capitol", "title": "List of state and territorial capitols in the United States" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "A series of international crises strained the League to its limits, the earliest being the invasion of Manchuria by Japan and the Abyssinian crisis of 1935/36 in which Italy invaded Abyssinia, one of the only free African nations at that time. The League tried to enforce economic sanctions upon Italy, but to no avail. The incident highlighted French and British weakness, exemplified by their reluctance to alienate Italy and lose her as their ally. The limited actions taken by the Western powers pushed Mussolini's Italy towards alliance with Hitler's Germany anyway. The Abyssinian war showed Hitler how weak the League was and encouraged the remilitarization of the Rhineland in flagrant disregard of the Treaty of Versailles. This was the first in a series of provocative acts culminating in the invasion of Poland in September 1939 and the beginning of the Second World War.", "title": "Modern history" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Man from Morocco is a 1945 action adventure film directed by Mutz Greenbaum as Max Greene. The film was produced by Welwyn Studios in Great Britain.", "title": "The Man from Morocco" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Civilized Man is the ninth studio album by the British artist Joe Cocker, released in May 1984, his first on Capitol label. It includes a cover of the 1981 Squeeze hit \"Tempted\", as well as \"There Goes My Baby\", a 1959 hit single from The Drifters.", "title": "Civilized Man" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Allies of World War II, called the United Nations from the 1 January 1942 declaration, were the countries that together opposed the Axis powers during the Second World War (1939 -- 1945). The Allies promoted the alliance as seeking to stop German, Japanese and Italian aggression.", "title": "Allies of World War II" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "2018 African Nations Championship 2018 CHAN Tournament details Host country Morocco Dates 13 January -- 4 February 2018 Teams 16 (from 1 confederation) Venue (s) 4 (in 4 host cities) Final positions Champions Morocco (1st title) Runners - up Nigeria Third place Sudan Fourth place Libya Tournament statistics Matches played 32 Goals scored 58 (1.81 per match) Top scorer (s) Ayoub El Kaabi (9 goals) Best player Ayoub El Kaabi Fair play award Morocco ← 2016 2020 →", "title": "2018 African Nations Championship" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The war in Europe concluded with an invasion of Germany by the Western Allies and the Soviet Union, culminating in the capture of Berlin by Soviet troops, the suicide of Adolf Hitler and the subsequent German unconditional surrender on 8 May 1945. Following the Potsdam Declaration by the Allies on 26 July 1945 and the refusal of Japan to surrender under its terms, the United States dropped atomic bombs on the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki on 6 and 9 August respectively. With an invasion of the Japanese archipelago imminent, the possibility of additional atomic bombings and the Soviet invasion of Manchuria, Japan formally surrendered on 2 September 1945. Thus ended the war in Asia, cementing the total victory of the Allies.", "title": "World War II" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Pacific War saw the Allied powers pitted against the Empire of Japan, the latter briefly aided by Thailand and to a much lesser extent by its Axis allies, Germany and Italy. The war culminated in the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, and other large aerial bomb attacks by the United States Army Air Forces, accompanied by the Soviet invasion of Manchuria on 8 August 1945, resulting in the Japanese announcement of intent to surrender on 15 August 1945. The formal and official surrender of Japan took place aboard the battleship USS Missouri in Tokyo Bay on 2 September 1945. Following its defeat, Japan's Shinto Emperor stepped down as the divine leader through the Shinto Directive, because the Allied Powers believed this was the major political cause of Japan's military aggression and deconstruction process soon took place to install a new liberal-democratic constitution to the Japanese public as the current Constitution of Japan.", "title": "Pacific War" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In 1902, the United States government protested that Russian encroachment in Manchuria after the Boxer Rebellion was a violation of the Open Door Policy. When Japan replaced Russia in southern Manchuria after the Russo - Japanese War (1904 -- 05) the Japanese and U.S. governments pledged to maintain a policy of equality in Manchuria. In finance, American efforts to preserve the Open Door Policy led (1909) to the formation of an international banking consortium through which all Chinese railroad loans would agree (1917) to another exchange of notes between the United States and Japan in which there were renewed assurances that the Open Door Policy would be respected, but that the United States would recognize Japan's special interests in China (the Lansing -- Ishii Agreement). The Open Door Policy had been further weakened by a series of secret treaties (1917) between Japan and the Allied Triple Entente, which promised Japan the German possessions in China on successful conclusion of World War I. The subsequent realization of such promise in the Versailles Treaty of 1919 angered the Chinese public and sparked the protest known as May Fourth Movement. The Nine - Power Treaty, signed in 1922, expressly reaffirmed the Open Door Policy.", "title": "Open Door Policy" } ]	When did the Allied nation first to reach the birthplace of the director of The Man from Morocco invade Manchuria?	8 August 1945	[]	Title: Allies of World War II Passage: The Allies of World War II, called the United Nations from the 1 January 1942 declaration, were the countries that together opposed the Axis powers during the Second World War (1939 -- 1945). The Allies promoted the alliance as seeking to stop German, Japanese and Italian aggression. Title: National Recovery Administration Passage: The first director of the NRA was Hugh S. Johnson, a retired United States Army general and a successful businessman. He was named Time magazine's ``Man of the Year ''in 1933. Johnson saw the NRA as a national crusade designed to restore employment and regenerate industry. Title: Modern history Passage: A series of international crises strained the League to its limits, the earliest being the invasion of Manchuria by Japan and the Abyssinian crisis of 1935/36 in which Italy invaded Abyssinia, one of the only free African nations at that time. The League tried to enforce economic sanctions upon Italy, but to no avail. The incident highlighted French and British weakness, exemplified by their reluctance to alienate Italy and lose her as their ally. The limited actions taken by the Western powers pushed Mussolini's Italy towards alliance with Hitler's Germany anyway. The Abyssinian war showed Hitler how weak the League was and encouraged the remilitarization of the Rhineland in flagrant disregard of the Treaty of Versailles. This was the first in a series of provocative acts culminating in the invasion of Poland in September 1939 and the beginning of the Second World War. Title: The Man from Morocco Passage: The Man from Morocco is a 1945 action adventure film directed by Mutz Greenbaum as Max Greene. The film was produced by Welwyn Studios in Great Britain. Title: World War II Passage: The war in Europe concluded with an invasion of Germany by the Western Allies and the Soviet Union, culminating in the capture of Berlin by Soviet troops, the suicide of Adolf Hitler and the subsequent German unconditional surrender on 8 May 1945. Following the Potsdam Declaration by the Allies on 26 July 1945 and the refusal of Japan to surrender under its terms, the United States dropped atomic bombs on the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki on 6 and 9 August respectively. With an invasion of the Japanese archipelago imminent, the possibility of additional atomic bombings and the Soviet invasion of Manchuria, Japan formally surrendered on 2 September 1945. Thus ended the war in Asia, cementing the total victory of the Allies. Title: History of Germany during World War I Passage: During World War I, the German Empire was one of the Central Powers that lost the war. It began participation in the conflict after the declaration of war against Serbia by its ally, Austria - Hungary. German forces fought the Allies on both the eastern and western fronts, although German territory itself remained relatively safe from widespread invasion for most of the war, except for a brief period in 1914 when East Prussia was invaded. A tight blockade imposed by the Royal Navy caused severe food shortages in the cities, especially in the winter of 1916 -- 17, known as the Turnip Winter. At the end of the war, Germany's defeat and widespread popular discontent triggered the German Revolution of 1918 -- 19 which overthrew the monarchy and established the Weimar Republic. Title: List of state and territorial capitols in the United States Passage: Texas State Capitol Austin 30 ° 16 ′ 29 ''N 97 ° 44 ′ 26'' W / 30.27472 ° N 97.74056 ° W / 30.27472; - 97.74056 (Texas State Capitol) 1881 -- 1888 1993 (underground extension) National Historic Landmark National Register of Historic Places Largest state capitol Title: Civilized Man Passage: Civilized Man is the ninth studio album by the British artist Joe Cocker, released in May 1984, his first on Capitol label. It includes a cover of the 1981 Squeeze hit "Tempted", as well as "There Goes My Baby", a 1959 hit single from The Drifters. Title: 2018 African Nations Championship Passage: 2018 African Nations Championship 2018 CHAN Tournament details Host country Morocco Dates 13 January -- 4 February 2018 Teams 16 (from 1 confederation) Venue (s) 4 (in 4 host cities) Final positions Champions Morocco (1st title) Runners - up Nigeria Third place Sudan Fourth place Libya Tournament statistics Matches played 32 Goals scored 58 (1.81 per match) Top scorer (s) Ayoub El Kaabi (9 goals) Best player Ayoub El Kaabi Fair play award Morocco ← 2016 2020 → Title: Dangerous Man Passage: Dangerous Man is the eighth studio album by country music singer Trace Adkins, released on August 15, 2006 on Capitol Records Nashville. The album produced three singles on the "Billboard" Hot Country Songs charts between 2006 and mid-2007. The first of these, "Swing", reached number 20 while the second single, "Ladies Love Country Boys", became his second number one hit and his first since "(This Ain't) No Thinkin' Thing" in 1997. The third single, "I Wanna Feel Something", reached number 25 on the same chart. Overall, "Dangerous Man" is certified Gold by the RIAA. Title: 2010 FIFA World Cup Passage: The 2010 FIFA World Cup was the 19th FIFA World Cup, the world championship for men's national association football teams. It took place in South Africa from 11 June to 11 July 2010. The bidding process for hosting the tournament finals was open only to African nations. In 2004, the international football federation, FIFA, selected South Africa over Egypt and Morocco to become the first African nation to host the finals. Title: Open Door Policy Passage: In 1902, the United States government protested that Russian encroachment in Manchuria after the Boxer Rebellion was a violation of the Open Door Policy. When Japan replaced Russia in southern Manchuria after the Russo - Japanese War (1904 -- 05) the Japanese and U.S. governments pledged to maintain a policy of equality in Manchuria. In finance, American efforts to preserve the Open Door Policy led (1909) to the formation of an international banking consortium through which all Chinese railroad loans would agree (1917) to another exchange of notes between the United States and Japan in which there were renewed assurances that the Open Door Policy would be respected, but that the United States would recognize Japan's special interests in China (the Lansing -- Ishii Agreement). The Open Door Policy had been further weakened by a series of secret treaties (1917) between Japan and the Allied Triple Entente, which promised Japan the German possessions in China on successful conclusion of World War I. The subsequent realization of such promise in the Versailles Treaty of 1919 angered the Chinese public and sparked the protest known as May Fourth Movement. The Nine - Power Treaty, signed in 1922, expressly reaffirmed the Open Door Policy. Title: Pacific War Passage: The Pacific War saw the Allied powers pitted against the Empire of Japan, the latter briefly aided by Thailand and to a much lesser extent by its Axis allies, Germany and Italy. The war culminated in the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, and other large aerial bomb attacks by the United States Army Air Forces, accompanied by the Soviet invasion of Manchuria on 8 August 1945, resulting in the Japanese announcement of intent to surrender on 15 August 1945. The formal and official surrender of Japan took place aboard the battleship USS Missouri in Tokyo Bay on 2 September 1945. Following its defeat, Japan's Shinto Emperor stepped down as the divine leader through the Shinto Directive, because the Allied Powers believed this was the major political cause of Japan's military aggression and deconstruction process soon took place to install a new liberal-democratic constitution to the Japanese public as the current Constitution of Japan. Title: Allies of World War II Passage: At the start of the war on 1 September 1939, the Allies consisted of France, Poland and the United Kingdom, as well as their dependent states, such as British India. Within days they were joined by the independent Dominions of the British Commonwealth: Australia, Canada, New Zealand and South Africa. After the start of the German invasion of North Europe until the Balkan Campaign, the Netherlands, Belgium, Greece, and Yugoslavia joined the Allies. After first having cooperated with Germany in invading Poland whilst remaining neutral in the Allied - Axis conflict, the Soviet Union perforce joined the Allies in June 1941 after being invaded by Germany. The United States provided war materiel and money all along, and officially joined in December 1941 after the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor. China had already been in a prolonged war with Japan since the Marco Polo Bridge Incident of 1937, but officially joined the Allies in 1941. Title: Mutz Greenbaum Passage: Mutz Greenbaum (3 February 1896 – 5 July 1968), sometimes credited as Max Greene or Max Greenbaum, was a Berlin, Germany-born film cinematographer. Title: Race to Berlin Passage: The western Allies' decision to leave eastern Germany and the city of Berlin to the Red Army -- honoring the agreement they made with the Soviet Union at Yalta -- eventually had serious repercussions as the Cold War emerged and expanded in the post-war era. Title: Mudlark (album) Passage: Mudlark is American guitarist Leo Kottke's fourth album, his first on a major label (Capitol) and his first to feature other musicians. It reached #168 on the Billboard Pop Albums charts. Title: Hellenistic period Passage: In 255 B.C., Ariarathes III took the title of king and married Stratonice, a daughter of Antiochus II, remaining an ally of the Seleucid kingdom. Under Ariarathes IV, Cappadocia came into relations with Rome, first as a foe espousing the cause of Antiochus the Great, then as an ally against Perseus of Macedon and finally in a war against the Seleucids. Ariarathes V also waged war with Rome against Aristonicus, a claimant to the throne of Pergamon, and their forces were annihilated in 130 BCE. This defeat allowed Pontus to invade and conquer the kingdom. Title: Bank of Hartland Passage: The Bank of Hartland, at 112 E. Capitol Dr. in Hartland, Wisconsin, United States, was originally built in 1894. It was remodeled and expanded in 1930 to design by architects Eschweiler & Eschweiler. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1988. Title: Texas State Capitol Passage: The Texas State Capitol, completed in 1888 in Downtown Austin, contains the offices and chambers of the Texas Legislature and the Office of the Governor. Designed in 1881 by architect Elijah E. Myers, it was constructed from 1882 to 1888 under the direction of civil engineer Reuben Lindsay Walker. A $75 million underground extension was completed in 1993. The building was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1970 and recognized as a National Historic Landmark in 1986. The Texas State Capitol is 302.64 feet (92.24 m) tall, making it the sixth tallest state capitol and one of several taller than the United States Capitol in Washington, D.C.	[ "Mutz Greenbaum", "Race to Berlin", "The Man from Morocco", "Pacific War" ]
2hop__296175_126060	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Robin Hood of Monterey is a 1947 American adventure film directed by Christy Cabanne and starring Gilbert Roland, Chris-Pin Martin and Evelyn Brent. The film was part of the long-running Cisco Kid series produced by Monogram Pictures. The Cisco Kid travels to Monterey, California (then part of Mexico), where he clears the son of an old friend of a charge of murder.", "title": "Robin Hood of Monterey" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Jardin botanique de Sedan is a botanical garden and city park located on Philippoteaux Avenue beside the Place d'Alsace-Lorraine, Sedan, Ardennes, Champagne-Ardenne, France. It is open daily without charge.", "title": "Jardin botanique de Sedan" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Christopher Thomas Nichting (born May 13, 1966) is an American former Major League Baseball player. A pitcher, Nichting played for the Texas Rangers, Cleveland Indians, Cincinnati Reds, and Colorado Rockies. Nichting is an alumnus of Elder High School in Cincinnati.", "title": "Chris Nichting" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Belgium's War Crimes Law invokes the concept of universal jurisdiction to allow anyone to bring war crime charges in Belgian courts, regardless of where the alleged crimes have taken place.", "title": "War Crimes Law (Belgium)" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The end of World War II brought a baby boom to many countries, especially Western ones. There is some disagreement as to the precise beginning and ending dates of the post-war baby boom, but it is most often agreed to have begun in the years immediately after the war, though some place it earlier at the increase of births in 1941 - 1943. The boom started to decline as birth rates in the United States started to decline in 1958, though the boom would only grind to a halt 3 years later in 1961, 20 years after it began.", "title": "Mid-twentieth century baby boom" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Her foster daughter Liliuokalani said \"I knew no other father or mother than my foster-parents, no other sister than Bernice.\" Kōnia died during the influenza epidemic of Hawaii on July 2, 1857. The death of Pākī and Kōnia placed Liliuokalani under the charge of Bishop and Bernice.", "title": "Kōnia" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The most populous member state is Germany, with an estimated 82.8 million people, and the least populous member state is Malta with 0.4 million. Birth rates in the EU are low with the average woman having 1.6 children. The highest birth - rates are found in Ireland with 16.876 births per thousand people per year and France with 13.013 births per thousand people per year. Germany has the lowest birth rate in Europe with 8.221 births per thousand people per year.", "title": "Demographics of the European Union" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "G. Callen (born: Grisha Alekandrovich Nikolaev) is a fictional character in the show NCIS: Los Angeles portrayed by Chris O'Donnell. He is an NCIS Special Agent in Charge, and the senior agent assigned to the Office of Special Projects. O'Donnell made his first appearance during NCIS 'sixth season episode ``Legend (Part 1) ''.", "title": "G. Callen" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Charge is the fundamental property of forms of matter that exhibit electrostatic attraction or repulsion in the presence of other matter. Electric charge is a characteristic property of many subatomic particles. The charges of free - standing particles are integer multiples of the elementary charge e; we say that electric charge is quantized. Michael Faraday, in his electrolysis experiments, was the first to note the discrete nature of electric charge. Robert Millikan's oil drop experiment demonstrated this fact directly, and measured the elementary charge. It has been discovered that one type of particle, quarks, have fractional charges of either − 1 / 3 or + 2 / 3, but it is believed they always occur in multiples of integral charge; free - standing quarks have never been observed.", "title": "Electric charge" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The present Mayor of Cincinnati is John Cranley. The nine-member city council is composed of Vice Mayor Christopher Smitherman and Councilmembers Tamaya Dennard (President Pro-Tem), David Mann, Amy Murray, Chris Seelbach, P.G. Sittenfeld, Greg Landsman, Jeff Pastor, and Wendell Young. The city manager is Harry Black, and the manager maintains two assistant city managers.", "title": "Cincinnati" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Grisha ``G. ''Callen NCIS: Los Angeles character Chris O'Donnell as G. Callen First appearance`` Legend (Part 1)'' Portrayed by Chris O'Donnell Other appearances NCIS -- ``Legend (Part 2) ''Hawaii Five - 0 --`` Pa Make Loa'' Information Full name Grisha Alekandrovich Nikolaev Callen Nickname (s) G. Occupation NCIS Special Agent Title Special Agent - in - Charge Family Nikita Alexsandr Reznikov (father) Clara Callen (mother, deceased) Amy Callen (older sister, deceased) George Callen (grandfather, deceased) Alexandra Reynolds (half sister) Significant other (s) Kristen Donnelly (ex-girlfriend) Joelle Taylor (ex-girlfriend) Anna Kolcheck (girlfriend) Nationality American", "title": "G. Callen" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The sixth and final season (also known as A Place to Call Home: The Final Chapter) of the Seven Network television series A Place to Call Home premiered on Showcase 19 August 2018. The series is produced by Chris Martin - Jones, and executive produced by Penny Win and Julie McGauran.", "title": "A Place to Call Home (season 6)" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Of This Men Shall Know Nothing (German: Von diesem wissen Männer nichts) is oil on canvas painting by a German painter, sculptor, graphic artist, and poet Max Ernst. The painting was completed in 1923 in Paris, France. It is created in a Surrealism style by use of symbolic painting genre during First French period. The painting measures 81 by 64 centimeters and is now housed at Tate Gallery, London.", "title": "Of This Men Shall Know Nothing" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Love Commandment or Thou Shalt Not Steal (German: Du sollst nicht stehlen) is a 1928 German silent film directed by Victor Janson and starring Werner Fuetterer, Dina Gralla and Lilian Harvey.", "title": "The Love Commandment" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Peter Fliesteden (date of birth unknown; died 28 September 1529) was condemned to be burnt at the stake at Melaten near Cologne, as one of the first Protestant martyrs of the Reformation on the Lower Rhine in Germany. He was born in a tiny place also called Fliesteden (now part of Bergheim, Rhein-Erft-Kreis) on an unknown date.", "title": "Peter Fliesteden" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "You Don't Forget Such a Girl (German: So ein Mädel vergißt man nicht) is a 1932 Austrian-German romantic comedy film directed by Fritz Kortner and starring Willi Forst, Dolly Haas and Oskar Sima. It was the last film made by Kortner before he went into exile following the Nazi takeover of 1933.", "title": "You Don't Forget Such a Girl" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "All Quiet on the Western Front (German: Im Westen nichts Neues, lit. 'In the West Nothing New') is a novel by Erich Maria Remarque, a German veteran of World War I. The book describes the German soldiers' extreme physical and mental stress during the war, and the detachment from civilian life felt by many of these soldiers upon returning home from the front.", "title": "All Quiet on the Western Front" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Impossible Woman (German:Die unmögliche Frau) is a 1936 German romance film directed by Johannes Meyer and starring Dorothea Wieck, Gustav Fröhlich and Gina Falckenberg. It was shot partly in Romania. It was based on the novel \"Madame will nicht heiraten\" by Mia Fellmann.", "title": "The Impossible Woman (1936 film)" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "My Heidelberg, I Can Not Forget You (German: Mein Heidelberg, ich kann Dich nicht vergessen) is a 1927 German silent film directed by James Bauer and starring Dorothea Wieck, and Hans Adalbert Schlettow.", "title": "My Heidelberg, I Can Not Forget You" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The League series is an ongoing romance book series by the American author Sherrilyn Kenyon. The books are published by St. Martin's Press. It consists of eleven books that take place in a future time in a place known as the Ichidian Universe. In this universe, The League is in charge. The brutal, expertly trained League Assassins are essentially the power of the government. But like all governments, even the League is corrupt. The tagline for the series is \"In Morte Veritas\" (In Death, There is Truth).", "title": "The League series" } ]	Who was in charge of Chris Nichting's birthplace?	John Cranley	[]	Title: Demographics of the European Union Passage: The most populous member state is Germany, with an estimated 82.8 million people, and the least populous member state is Malta with 0.4 million. Birth rates in the EU are low with the average woman having 1.6 children. The highest birth - rates are found in Ireland with 16.876 births per thousand people per year and France with 13.013 births per thousand people per year. Germany has the lowest birth rate in Europe with 8.221 births per thousand people per year. Title: Cincinnati Passage: The present Mayor of Cincinnati is John Cranley. The nine-member city council is composed of Vice Mayor Christopher Smitherman and Councilmembers Tamaya Dennard (President Pro-Tem), David Mann, Amy Murray, Chris Seelbach, P.G. Sittenfeld, Greg Landsman, Jeff Pastor, and Wendell Young. The city manager is Harry Black, and the manager maintains two assistant city managers. Title: The Impossible Woman (1936 film) Passage: The Impossible Woman (German:Die unmögliche Frau) is a 1936 German romance film directed by Johannes Meyer and starring Dorothea Wieck, Gustav Fröhlich and Gina Falckenberg. It was shot partly in Romania. It was based on the novel "Madame will nicht heiraten" by Mia Fellmann. Title: Electric charge Passage: Charge is the fundamental property of forms of matter that exhibit electrostatic attraction or repulsion in the presence of other matter. Electric charge is a characteristic property of many subatomic particles. The charges of free - standing particles are integer multiples of the elementary charge e; we say that electric charge is quantized. Michael Faraday, in his electrolysis experiments, was the first to note the discrete nature of electric charge. Robert Millikan's oil drop experiment demonstrated this fact directly, and measured the elementary charge. It has been discovered that one type of particle, quarks, have fractional charges of either − 1 / 3 or + 2 / 3, but it is believed they always occur in multiples of integral charge; free - standing quarks have never been observed. Title: Jardin botanique de Sedan Passage: The Jardin botanique de Sedan is a botanical garden and city park located on Philippoteaux Avenue beside the Place d'Alsace-Lorraine, Sedan, Ardennes, Champagne-Ardenne, France. It is open daily without charge. Title: Robin Hood of Monterey Passage: Robin Hood of Monterey is a 1947 American adventure film directed by Christy Cabanne and starring Gilbert Roland, Chris-Pin Martin and Evelyn Brent. The film was part of the long-running Cisco Kid series produced by Monogram Pictures. The Cisco Kid travels to Monterey, California (then part of Mexico), where he clears the son of an old friend of a charge of murder. Title: Peter Fliesteden Passage: Peter Fliesteden (date of birth unknown; died 28 September 1529) was condemned to be burnt at the stake at Melaten near Cologne, as one of the first Protestant martyrs of the Reformation on the Lower Rhine in Germany. He was born in a tiny place also called Fliesteden (now part of Bergheim, Rhein-Erft-Kreis) on an unknown date. Title: Kōnia Passage: Her foster daughter Liliuokalani said "I knew no other father or mother than my foster-parents, no other sister than Bernice." Kōnia died during the influenza epidemic of Hawaii on July 2, 1857. The death of Pākī and Kōnia placed Liliuokalani under the charge of Bishop and Bernice. Title: The League series Passage: The League series is an ongoing romance book series by the American author Sherrilyn Kenyon. The books are published by St. Martin's Press. It consists of eleven books that take place in a future time in a place known as the Ichidian Universe. In this universe, The League is in charge. The brutal, expertly trained League Assassins are essentially the power of the government. But like all governments, even the League is corrupt. The tagline for the series is "In Morte Veritas" (In Death, There is Truth). Title: The Love Commandment Passage: The Love Commandment or Thou Shalt Not Steal (German: Du sollst nicht stehlen) is a 1928 German silent film directed by Victor Janson and starring Werner Fuetterer, Dina Gralla and Lilian Harvey. Title: My Heidelberg, I Can Not Forget You Passage: My Heidelberg, I Can Not Forget You (German: Mein Heidelberg, ich kann Dich nicht vergessen) is a 1927 German silent film directed by James Bauer and starring Dorothea Wieck, and Hans Adalbert Schlettow. Title: Of This Men Shall Know Nothing Passage: Of This Men Shall Know Nothing (German: Von diesem wissen Männer nichts) is oil on canvas painting by a German painter, sculptor, graphic artist, and poet Max Ernst. The painting was completed in 1923 in Paris, France. It is created in a Surrealism style by use of symbolic painting genre during First French period. The painting measures 81 by 64 centimeters and is now housed at Tate Gallery, London. Title: You Don't Forget Such a Girl Passage: You Don't Forget Such a Girl (German: So ein Mädel vergißt man nicht) is a 1932 Austrian-German romantic comedy film directed by Fritz Kortner and starring Willi Forst, Dolly Haas and Oskar Sima. It was the last film made by Kortner before he went into exile following the Nazi takeover of 1933. Title: G. Callen Passage: G. Callen (born: Grisha Alekandrovich Nikolaev) is a fictional character in the show NCIS: Los Angeles portrayed by Chris O'Donnell. He is an NCIS Special Agent in Charge, and the senior agent assigned to the Office of Special Projects. O'Donnell made his first appearance during NCIS 'sixth season episode ``Legend (Part 1) ''. Title: War Crimes Law (Belgium) Passage: Belgium's War Crimes Law invokes the concept of universal jurisdiction to allow anyone to bring war crime charges in Belgian courts, regardless of where the alleged crimes have taken place. Title: G. Callen Passage: Grisha ``G. ''Callen NCIS: Los Angeles character Chris O'Donnell as G. Callen First appearance`` Legend (Part 1)'' Portrayed by Chris O'Donnell Other appearances NCIS -- ``Legend (Part 2) ''Hawaii Five - 0 --`` Pa Make Loa'' Information Full name Grisha Alekandrovich Nikolaev Callen Nickname (s) G. Occupation NCIS Special Agent Title Special Agent - in - Charge Family Nikita Alexsandr Reznikov (father) Clara Callen (mother, deceased) Amy Callen (older sister, deceased) George Callen (grandfather, deceased) Alexandra Reynolds (half sister) Significant other (s) Kristen Donnelly (ex-girlfriend) Joelle Taylor (ex-girlfriend) Anna Kolcheck (girlfriend) Nationality American Title: All Quiet on the Western Front Passage: All Quiet on the Western Front (German: Im Westen nichts Neues, lit. 'In the West Nothing New') is a novel by Erich Maria Remarque, a German veteran of World War I. The book describes the German soldiers' extreme physical and mental stress during the war, and the detachment from civilian life felt by many of these soldiers upon returning home from the front. Title: Mid-twentieth century baby boom Passage: The end of World War II brought a baby boom to many countries, especially Western ones. There is some disagreement as to the precise beginning and ending dates of the post-war baby boom, but it is most often agreed to have begun in the years immediately after the war, though some place it earlier at the increase of births in 1941 - 1943. The boom started to decline as birth rates in the United States started to decline in 1958, though the boom would only grind to a halt 3 years later in 1961, 20 years after it began. Title: Chris Nichting Passage: Christopher Thomas Nichting (born May 13, 1966) is an American former Major League Baseball player. A pitcher, Nichting played for the Texas Rangers, Cleveland Indians, Cincinnati Reds, and Colorado Rockies. Nichting is an alumnus of Elder High School in Cincinnati. Title: A Place to Call Home (season 6) Passage: The sixth and final season (also known as A Place to Call Home: The Final Chapter) of the Seven Network television series A Place to Call Home premiered on Showcase 19 August 2018. The series is produced by Chris Martin - Jones, and executive produced by Penny Win and Julie McGauran.	[ "Chris Nichting", "Cincinnati" ]
3hop1__146270_548045_159613	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Embassy of France in London is the diplomatic mission of France to the United Kingdom. Located just off Knightsbridge at Albert Gate, one of the entrances to Hyde Park, it is situated immediately opposite the Embassy of Kuwait.", "title": "Embassy of France, London" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Her Country's Call is a 1917 American silent drama film directed by Lloyd Ingraham. The film is the final installment in a series a films written by Abraham Lincoln impersonator Benjamin Chapin.", "title": "Her Country's Call" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Abraham Hirsch (16 August 1815, Stockholm - 23 February 1900, Stockholm) was a Swedish music publisher, politician, and businessman. He played an instrumental role in establishing the Swedish Art Music Society in 1859. From 1869-1876 he was the CFO of \"Aftonbladet\" and for many year he was a councilman for the city of Stockholm. As a music publisher he published works for several notable Swedish composers, including Isidor Dannström, Ivar Hallström, Jacob Axel Josephson, Adolf Fredrik Lindblad, August Söderman, Emil Sjögren, and Gunnar Wennerberg among others.", "title": "Abraham Hirsch" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Iranian Embassy siege took place from 30 April to 5 May 1980, after a group of six armed men stormed the Iranian embassy in South Kensington, London. The gunmen, members of an Iranian Arab group campaigning for Arab national sovereignty in the southern Iranian region of Khuzestan Province, took 26 people hostage -- mostly embassy staff, but also several visitors as well as a police officer who had been guarding the embassy. They demanded the release of Arab prisoners from prisons in Khuzestan and their own safe passage out of the United Kingdom. Margaret Thatcher's government quickly resolved that safe passage would not be granted, and a siege ensued. Over the following days, police negotiators secured the release of five hostages in exchange for minor concessions, such as the broadcasting of the hostage - takers' demands on British television.", "title": "Iranian Embassy siege" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Even If\" is a song by Andy Abraham and the United Kingdom's entry for the Eurovision Song Contest 2008, which took place in Belgrade, Serbia. It was released on 19 May 2008, stated by his official website.", "title": "Even If (Andy Abraham song)" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Gaston Cailleux was a sailor from France, who represented his country at the 1900 Summer Olympics in Meulan, France. With Henri Monnot as helmsman and fellow crewmember Léon Tellier, Cailleux took 3rd place in first race of the 0 to 0.5 ton and finished 4th in the second race.", "title": "Gaston Cailleux" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Embassy of Bulgaria in London is the diplomatic mission of Bulgaria in the United Kingdom. Diplomatic relations between the two countries date from 1879 and there has been a Bulgarian embassy in London since 1903. The embassy is currently housed in a building on the east side of Queen's Gate, just within the City of Westminster, which is Grade II listed.", "title": "Embassy of Bulgaria, London" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Abraham H. Esbenshade House is located in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1986.", "title": "Abraham H. Esbenshade House" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Kiss Me General (original title: Martin Soldat) is a 1966 French comedy film directed by Michel Deville and starring Robert Hirsch, Véronique Vendell, Walter Rilla, Marlène Jobert and Anthony Sharp. An actor disguises himself as a soldier during the Second World War, but is mistaken for a soldier and becomes a war hero during the Allied Liberation of France in 1944.", "title": "Kiss Me General" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Netherlands regained independence from France in 1813. In the Anglo-Dutch Treaty of 1814 the names \"United Provinces of the Netherlands\" and \"United Netherlands\" were used. In 1815 it was rejoined with the Austrian Netherlands, Luxembourg and Liège (the \"Southern provinces\") to become the Kingdom of the Netherlands, informally known as the Kingdom of the United Netherlands, to create a strong buffer state north of France. After Belgium and Luxembourg became independent, the state became unequivocally known as the Kingdom of the Netherlands, as it remains today.", "title": "Dutch Republic" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Embassy of France in Stockholm is the diplomatic mission of the French Republic in Sweden. The chancery is located at Kommendörsgatan 13.", "title": "Embassy of France, Stockholm" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Barbara Aland, née Ehlers (born 12 April 1937 in Hamburg, Germany) is a German theologian and was a Professor of New Testament Research and Church History at Westphalian Wilhelms-University of Münster until 2002.", "title": "Barbara Aland" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Nigerian passports can be applied for either at the physical location of the Nigeria Immigration Services, or by making submission through its website. Nigerians living in other countries may obtain passports through the nearest Nigerian embassy or consulate.", "title": "Nigerian passport" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Anne Pierre d'Harcourt was a French nobleman, notable as a duke of Harcourt and the fourth marshal of France from the House of Harcourt. He was the son of Henry d'Harcourt and great grandson of Abraham de Fabert, both marshals of France.", "title": "Anne Pierre d'Harcourt" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Armenia–Singapore relations refers to bilateral foreign relations between the two countries, Armenia and Singapore. Neither country has a resident ambassador. The Embassy of Armenia in Beijing, China is accredited to Singapore. Singapore has no representation in Armenia.", "title": "Armenia–Singapore relations" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Åland is a collection of around 6,500 islands in the Baltic Sea, midway between Sweden and Finland. The islands are almost exclusively Swedish-speaking, but in 1809, the Åland Islands, along with Finland, were taken by Imperial Russia. In December 1917, during the turmoil of the Russian October Revolution, Finland declared its independence, but most of the Ålanders wished to rejoin Sweden. The Finnish government considered the islands to be a part of their new nation, as the Russians had included Åland in the Grand Duchy of Finland, formed in 1809. By 1920, the dispute had escalated to the point that there was danger of war. The British government referred the problem to the League's Council, but Finland would not let the League intervene, as they considered it an internal matter. The League created a small panel to decide if it should investigate the matter and, with an affirmative response, a neutral commission was created. In June 1921, the League announced its decision: the islands were to remain a part of Finland, but with guaranteed protection of the islanders, including demilitarisation. With Sweden's reluctant agreement, this became the first European international agreement concluded directly through the League.", "title": "League of Nations" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Lucien Baudrier (13 December 1861 – 22 October 1930) was a sailor from France, who represented his country at the 1900 Summer Olympics in Meulan, France. Baudrier also took, as crew, the Bronze medal in the first race of the 1 to 2 ton and the 4th place in the second race of the 1 to 2 ton.", "title": "Lucien Baudrier" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Embassy of Armenia in London is the diplomatic mission of Armenia in the United Kingdom. Diplomatic relations between the two countries were established in 1992.", "title": "Embassy of Armenia, London" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Dubosq was a sailor from France, who represented his country at the 1900 Summer Olympics in Meulan, France. Dubosq also took, as crew, the Bronze medal in the first race of the 1 to 2 ton and the 4th place in the second race of the 1 to 2 ton.", "title": "Dubosq" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Traditionally, the Embassy to France has been the most prestigious posting in the British foreign service, although in past centuries, diplomatic representation was lacking due to wars between the two countries and the Nazi occupation.", "title": "List of ambassadors of the United Kingdom to France" } ]	When did Alanders rejoin the country that has the Embassy of France, in the city where Abraham Hirsch died?	December 1917	[]	Title: Abraham Hirsch Passage: Abraham Hirsch (16 August 1815, Stockholm - 23 February 1900, Stockholm) was a Swedish music publisher, politician, and businessman. He played an instrumental role in establishing the Swedish Art Music Society in 1859. From 1869-1876 he was the CFO of "Aftonbladet" and for many year he was a councilman for the city of Stockholm. As a music publisher he published works for several notable Swedish composers, including Isidor Dannström, Ivar Hallström, Jacob Axel Josephson, Adolf Fredrik Lindblad, August Söderman, Emil Sjögren, and Gunnar Wennerberg among others. Title: List of ambassadors of the United Kingdom to France Passage: Traditionally, the Embassy to France has been the most prestigious posting in the British foreign service, although in past centuries, diplomatic representation was lacking due to wars between the two countries and the Nazi occupation. Title: Embassy of Bulgaria, London Passage: The Embassy of Bulgaria in London is the diplomatic mission of Bulgaria in the United Kingdom. Diplomatic relations between the two countries date from 1879 and there has been a Bulgarian embassy in London since 1903. The embassy is currently housed in a building on the east side of Queen's Gate, just within the City of Westminster, which is Grade II listed. Title: Iranian Embassy siege Passage: The Iranian Embassy siege took place from 30 April to 5 May 1980, after a group of six armed men stormed the Iranian embassy in South Kensington, London. The gunmen, members of an Iranian Arab group campaigning for Arab national sovereignty in the southern Iranian region of Khuzestan Province, took 26 people hostage -- mostly embassy staff, but also several visitors as well as a police officer who had been guarding the embassy. They demanded the release of Arab prisoners from prisons in Khuzestan and their own safe passage out of the United Kingdom. Margaret Thatcher's government quickly resolved that safe passage would not be granted, and a siege ensued. Over the following days, police negotiators secured the release of five hostages in exchange for minor concessions, such as the broadcasting of the hostage - takers' demands on British television. Title: Embassy of France, London Passage: The Embassy of France in London is the diplomatic mission of France to the United Kingdom. Located just off Knightsbridge at Albert Gate, one of the entrances to Hyde Park, it is situated immediately opposite the Embassy of Kuwait. Title: Gaston Cailleux Passage: Gaston Cailleux was a sailor from France, who represented his country at the 1900 Summer Olympics in Meulan, France. With Henri Monnot as helmsman and fellow crewmember Léon Tellier, Cailleux took 3rd place in first race of the 0 to 0.5 ton and finished 4th in the second race. Title: Armenia–Singapore relations Passage: Armenia–Singapore relations refers to bilateral foreign relations between the two countries, Armenia and Singapore. Neither country has a resident ambassador. The Embassy of Armenia in Beijing, China is accredited to Singapore. Singapore has no representation in Armenia. Title: Barbara Aland Passage: Barbara Aland, née Ehlers (born 12 April 1937 in Hamburg, Germany) is a German theologian and was a Professor of New Testament Research and Church History at Westphalian Wilhelms-University of Münster until 2002. Title: Even If (Andy Abraham song) Passage: "Even If" is a song by Andy Abraham and the United Kingdom's entry for the Eurovision Song Contest 2008, which took place in Belgrade, Serbia. It was released on 19 May 2008, stated by his official website. Title: Embassy of Armenia, London Passage: The Embassy of Armenia in London is the diplomatic mission of Armenia in the United Kingdom. Diplomatic relations between the two countries were established in 1992. Title: Abraham H. Esbenshade House Passage: The Abraham H. Esbenshade House is located in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1986. Title: Dutch Republic Passage: The Netherlands regained independence from France in 1813. In the Anglo-Dutch Treaty of 1814 the names "United Provinces of the Netherlands" and "United Netherlands" were used. In 1815 it was rejoined with the Austrian Netherlands, Luxembourg and Liège (the "Southern provinces") to become the Kingdom of the Netherlands, informally known as the Kingdom of the United Netherlands, to create a strong buffer state north of France. After Belgium and Luxembourg became independent, the state became unequivocally known as the Kingdom of the Netherlands, as it remains today. Title: Lucien Baudrier Passage: Lucien Baudrier (13 December 1861 – 22 October 1930) was a sailor from France, who represented his country at the 1900 Summer Olympics in Meulan, France. Baudrier also took, as crew, the Bronze medal in the first race of the 1 to 2 ton and the 4th place in the second race of the 1 to 2 ton. Title: Nigerian passport Passage: Nigerian passports can be applied for either at the physical location of the Nigeria Immigration Services, or by making submission through its website. Nigerians living in other countries may obtain passports through the nearest Nigerian embassy or consulate. Title: Embassy of France, Stockholm Passage: The Embassy of France in Stockholm is the diplomatic mission of the French Republic in Sweden. The chancery is located at Kommendörsgatan 13. Title: Dubosq Passage: Dubosq was a sailor from France, who represented his country at the 1900 Summer Olympics in Meulan, France. Dubosq also took, as crew, the Bronze medal in the first race of the 1 to 2 ton and the 4th place in the second race of the 1 to 2 ton. Title: Her Country's Call Passage: Her Country's Call is a 1917 American silent drama film directed by Lloyd Ingraham. The film is the final installment in a series a films written by Abraham Lincoln impersonator Benjamin Chapin. Title: League of Nations Passage: Åland is a collection of around 6,500 islands in the Baltic Sea, midway between Sweden and Finland. The islands are almost exclusively Swedish-speaking, but in 1809, the Åland Islands, along with Finland, were taken by Imperial Russia. In December 1917, during the turmoil of the Russian October Revolution, Finland declared its independence, but most of the Ålanders wished to rejoin Sweden. The Finnish government considered the islands to be a part of their new nation, as the Russians had included Åland in the Grand Duchy of Finland, formed in 1809. By 1920, the dispute had escalated to the point that there was danger of war. The British government referred the problem to the League's Council, but Finland would not let the League intervene, as they considered it an internal matter. The League created a small panel to decide if it should investigate the matter and, with an affirmative response, a neutral commission was created. In June 1921, the League announced its decision: the islands were to remain a part of Finland, but with guaranteed protection of the islanders, including demilitarisation. With Sweden's reluctant agreement, this became the first European international agreement concluded directly through the League. Title: Anne Pierre d'Harcourt Passage: Anne Pierre d'Harcourt was a French nobleman, notable as a duke of Harcourt and the fourth marshal of France from the House of Harcourt. He was the son of Henry d'Harcourt and great grandson of Abraham de Fabert, both marshals of France. Title: Kiss Me General Passage: Kiss Me General (original title: Martin Soldat) is a 1966 French comedy film directed by Michel Deville and starring Robert Hirsch, Véronique Vendell, Walter Rilla, Marlène Jobert and Anthony Sharp. An actor disguises himself as a soldier during the Second World War, but is mistaken for a soldier and becomes a war hero during the Allied Liberation of France in 1944.	[ "Abraham Hirsch", "Embassy of France, Stockholm", "League of Nations" ]
2hop__485142_56101	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Orchestral Favorites is an album by Frank Zappa first released in May 1979 on his own DiscReet Records label. The album is instrumental and features music performed by the 37-piece Abnuceals Emuukha Electric Symphony Orchestra.", "title": "Orchestral Favorites" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Mandolin awareness in the United States blossomed in the 1880s, as the instrument became part of a fad that continued into the mid-1920s. According to Clarence L. Partee, the first mandolin made in the United States was made in 1883 or 1884 by Joseph Bohmann, who was an established maker of violins in Chicago. Partee characterized the early instrument as being larger than the European instruments he was used to, with a \"peculiar shape\" and \"crude construction,\" and said that the quality improved, until American instruments were \"superior\" to imported instruments. At the time, Partee was using an imported French-made mandolin.", "title": "Mandolin" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In March 1875, Bell and Pollok visited the famous scientist Joseph Henry, who was then director of the Smithsonian Institution, and asked Henry's advice on the electrical multi-reed apparatus that Bell hoped would transmit the human voice by telegraph. Henry replied that Bell had \"the germ of a great invention\". When Bell said that he did not have the necessary knowledge, Henry replied, \"Get it!\" That declaration greatly encouraged Bell to keep trying, even though he did not have the equipment needed to continue his experiments, nor the ability to create a working model of his ideas. However, a chance meeting in 1874 between Bell and Thomas A. Watson, an experienced electrical designer and mechanic at the electrical machine shop of Charles Williams, changed all that.", "title": "Alexander Graham Bell" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The First Seven Days is an album recorded by jazz musician Jan Hammer in 1975. It features extensive use of synthesizers, including the synthesized \"guitar\" parts (as on his follow-up album, \"Oh Yeah?\"), with the record jacket stating, \"For those concerned: there is \"no guitar\" on this album.\" Other instruments used are grand piano, electric violin and percussion.", "title": "The First Seven Days" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Trimline telephone is a series of telephones produced by Western Electric, the manufacturing unit of the Bell System, and first introduced in 1965. It was designed by Henry Dreyfuss Associates under the project direction of Donald Genaro; the firm had designed all previous desktop telephone models for the American Telephone & Telegraph conglomerate.", "title": "Trimline telephone" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "In the 1930s, musician and inventor Paul Tutmarc from Seattle, Washington, who was manufacturing lap steel guitars, developed the first electric string bass in its modern form, a fretted instrument designed to be played horizontally. The 1935 sales catalog for Tutmarc's electronic musical instrument company, Audiovox, featured his ``Model 736 Bass Fiddle '', a four - stringed, solid - bodied, fretted electric bass instrument with a 30 ⁄ - inch (775 - millimetre) scale length. The adoption of a guitar's body shape made the instrument easier to hold and transport than any of the existing stringed bass instruments. The addition of frets enabled bassists to play in tune more easily than on fretless acoustic or electric upright basses. Around 100 of these instruments were made during this period.", "title": "Bass guitar" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Manifold vacuum can be used to drive accessories on automobiles. The best-known application is the vacuum servo, used to provide power assistance for the brakes. Obsolete applications include vacuum-driven windscreen wipers and Autovac fuel pumps. Some aircraft instruments (Attitude Indicator (AI) and the Heading Indicator (HI)) are typically vacuum-powered, as protection against loss of all (electrically powered) instruments, since early aircraft often did not have electrical systems, and since there are two readily available sources of vacuum on a moving aircraft—the engine and an external venturi. Vacuum induction melting uses electromagnetic induction within a vacuum.", "title": "Vacuum" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Being a private facility, it is situated inside the Meralco Center at Ortigas Avenue in Pasig City. The transformation of the JFCH into an integrated corporate wellness center made the Manila Electric Company the first corporation in the Philippines to institutionalize the implementation of such a program.", "title": "John F. Cotton Corporate Wellness Center" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "John Willie \"Shifty\" Henry (4 October 1921 – 30 November 1958) was an American musician, most noted as a double bass and bass guitar player, and blues songwriter. He also played flute, violin, viola, saxophone, and oboe and was in demand as a session musician and arranger in Los Angeles in the 1940s and 1950s. He was also active in Los Angeles' live jazz scene on Central Avenue.", "title": "Shifty Henry" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The typical symphony orchestra consists of four groups of related musical instruments called the woodwinds, brass, percussion, and strings (violin, viola, cello and double bass). Other instruments such as the piano and celesta may sometimes be grouped into a fifth section such as a keyboard section or may stand alone, as may the concert harp and electric and electronic instruments. The orchestra, depending on the size, contains almost all of the standard instruments in each group.", "title": "Orchestra" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The PP-2000 (Russian: ПП-2000) is a submachine gun/machine pistol made by the KBP Instrument Design Bureau. It was first publicly displayed at the Interpolytech-2004 exhibition in Moscow even though its patent was filed in 2001 and issued in 2003.", "title": "PP-2000" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Starry Eyed Surprise\" is a song produced by Paul Oakenfold. It features vocals by Shifty Shellshock of Crazy Town. The song was released in July 2002 as the second single from Oakenfold's album \"Bunkka\", reaching number six in the United Kingdom, number 19 in the Netherlands and New Zealand, number 21 in Ireland, and number 37 in Australia. It also reached the top 50 in Italy and the United States. It was later included on Shifty Shellshock's 2004 album \"Happy Love Sick\", and Oakenfold's 2007 album \"Greatest Hits & Remixes, Vol. 1\".", "title": "Starry Eyed Surprise" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The roots of hard rock can be traced back to the 1950s, particularly electric blues, which laid the foundations for key elements such as a rough declamatory vocal style, heavy guitar riffs, string-bending blues-scale guitar solos, strong beat, thick riff-laden texture, and posturing performances. Electric blues guitarists began experimenting with hard rock elements such as driving rhythms, distorted guitar solos and power chords in the 1950s, evident in the work of Memphis blues guitarists such as Joe Hill Louis, Willie Johnson, and particularly Pat Hare, who captured a \"grittier, nastier, more ferocious electric guitar sound\" on records such as James Cotton's \"Cotton Crop Blues\" (1954). Other antecedents include Link Wray's instrumental \"Rumble\" in 1958, and the surf rock instrumentals of Dick Dale, such as \"Let's Go Trippin'\" (1961) and \"Misirlou\" (1962).", "title": "Hard rock" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Colin Patrick Henry Meloy (born October 5, 1974) is an American musician, singer-songwriter and author best known as the frontman of the Portland, Oregon, indie folk rock band The Decemberists. In addition to vocals, he performs with an acoustic guitar, 12-string acoustic guitar, electric guitar, bouzouki, harmonica and percussion instruments.", "title": "Colin Meloy" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Ned Steinberger (b. Princeton, New Jersey, 1948) is an American creator of innovative musical instruments. He is most notable for his design of guitars and basses without a traditional headstock, which are called Steinberger instruments. He also has a line of electric basses and string instruments through his company called NS Design and was also the designer of the first ever Spector bass, the NS. In addition, Ned and Emmett Chapman, creator of the Chapman Stick, collaborated on the creation of the NS Stick, a guitar/bass \"multi-mode\" instrument sold by Stick Enterprises.", "title": "Ned Steinberger" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"All Summer Long\" is a song by Welsh musician and composer John Cale. It was released as a digital single in August 2013, while on the B-side was the song \"Sandman (Flying Dutchman)\" from Cale's album \"Shifty Adventures in Nookie Wood\" from the previous year. \"All Summer Long\" was released only on this single, but not on any studio album. It was recorded during the recording sessions for \"Shifty Adventures in Nookie Wood\".", "title": "All Summer Long (John Cale song)" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Before the advent of the ASA system, the system of Weston film speed ratings was introduced by Edward Faraday Weston (1878–1971) and his father Dr. Edward Weston (1850–1936), a British-born electrical engineer, industrialist and founder of the US-based Weston Electrical Instrument Corporation, with the Weston model 617, one of the earliest photo-electric exposure meters, in August 1932. The meter and film rating system were invented by William Nelson Goodwin, Jr., who worked for them and later received a Howard N. Potts Medal for his contributions to engineering.", "title": "Film speed" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Bitches Brew is a studio double album by American jazz musician, composer, and bandleader Miles Davis, released on March 30, 1970 on Columbia Records. It marked his continuing experimentation with electric instruments that he had previously featured on the critically acclaimed \"In a Silent Way\" (1969). With these instruments, such as the electric piano and guitar, Davis rejected traditional jazz rhythms in favor of loose, rock-influenced arrangements based on improvisation.", "title": "Bitches Brew" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Electric Café is the ninth studio album by the electronic group Kraftwerk, originally released in 1986. In October 2009 it was re-released under its original working title, Techno Pop. The initial 1986 \"Electric Café\" came in versions sung in English and German, as well as a limited \"Edición Española\" release, featuring versions of \"Techno Pop\" and \"Sex Object\" with only Spanish lyrics. It was the first Kraftwerk LP to be created using predominantly digital musical instruments, although the finished product was still recorded onto analog master tapes.", "title": "Electric Café" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In 1985, in a campaign initiated by then CBS Musical Instruments division president William Schultz (1926 -- 2006), the Fender Electric Instrument Manufacturing Company employees purchased the company from CBS and renamed it Fender Musical Instruments Corporation (FMIC). Behind the Fender name, FMIC has retained Fender's older models along with newer designs and concepts. The sale however did not include the old Fullerton factory; FMIC had to build a new facility in nearby Corona.", "title": "Fender Musical Instruments Corporation" } ]	When was the first electric version of Shifty Henry's instrument made?	the 1930s	[]	Title: All Summer Long (John Cale song) Passage: "All Summer Long" is a song by Welsh musician and composer John Cale. It was released as a digital single in August 2013, while on the B-side was the song "Sandman (Flying Dutchman)" from Cale's album "Shifty Adventures in Nookie Wood" from the previous year. "All Summer Long" was released only on this single, but not on any studio album. It was recorded during the recording sessions for "Shifty Adventures in Nookie Wood". Title: Alexander Graham Bell Passage: In March 1875, Bell and Pollok visited the famous scientist Joseph Henry, who was then director of the Smithsonian Institution, and asked Henry's advice on the electrical multi-reed apparatus that Bell hoped would transmit the human voice by telegraph. Henry replied that Bell had "the germ of a great invention". When Bell said that he did not have the necessary knowledge, Henry replied, "Get it!" That declaration greatly encouraged Bell to keep trying, even though he did not have the equipment needed to continue his experiments, nor the ability to create a working model of his ideas. However, a chance meeting in 1874 between Bell and Thomas A. Watson, an experienced electrical designer and mechanic at the electrical machine shop of Charles Williams, changed all that. Title: Bass guitar Passage: In the 1930s, musician and inventor Paul Tutmarc from Seattle, Washington, who was manufacturing lap steel guitars, developed the first electric string bass in its modern form, a fretted instrument designed to be played horizontally. The 1935 sales catalog for Tutmarc's electronic musical instrument company, Audiovox, featured his ``Model 736 Bass Fiddle '', a four - stringed, solid - bodied, fretted electric bass instrument with a 30 ⁄ - inch (775 - millimetre) scale length. The adoption of a guitar's body shape made the instrument easier to hold and transport than any of the existing stringed bass instruments. The addition of frets enabled bassists to play in tune more easily than on fretless acoustic or electric upright basses. Around 100 of these instruments were made during this period. Title: Film speed Passage: Before the advent of the ASA system, the system of Weston film speed ratings was introduced by Edward Faraday Weston (1878–1971) and his father Dr. Edward Weston (1850–1936), a British-born electrical engineer, industrialist and founder of the US-based Weston Electrical Instrument Corporation, with the Weston model 617, one of the earliest photo-electric exposure meters, in August 1932. The meter and film rating system were invented by William Nelson Goodwin, Jr., who worked for them and later received a Howard N. Potts Medal for his contributions to engineering. Title: PP-2000 Passage: The PP-2000 (Russian: ПП-2000) is a submachine gun/machine pistol made by the KBP Instrument Design Bureau. It was first publicly displayed at the Interpolytech-2004 exhibition in Moscow even though its patent was filed in 2001 and issued in 2003. Title: Ned Steinberger Passage: Ned Steinberger (b. Princeton, New Jersey, 1948) is an American creator of innovative musical instruments. He is most notable for his design of guitars and basses without a traditional headstock, which are called Steinberger instruments. He also has a line of electric basses and string instruments through his company called NS Design and was also the designer of the first ever Spector bass, the NS. In addition, Ned and Emmett Chapman, creator of the Chapman Stick, collaborated on the creation of the NS Stick, a guitar/bass "multi-mode" instrument sold by Stick Enterprises. Title: Colin Meloy Passage: Colin Patrick Henry Meloy (born October 5, 1974) is an American musician, singer-songwriter and author best known as the frontman of the Portland, Oregon, indie folk rock band The Decemberists. In addition to vocals, he performs with an acoustic guitar, 12-string acoustic guitar, electric guitar, bouzouki, harmonica and percussion instruments. Title: Bitches Brew Passage: Bitches Brew is a studio double album by American jazz musician, composer, and bandleader Miles Davis, released on March 30, 1970 on Columbia Records. It marked his continuing experimentation with electric instruments that he had previously featured on the critically acclaimed "In a Silent Way" (1969). With these instruments, such as the electric piano and guitar, Davis rejected traditional jazz rhythms in favor of loose, rock-influenced arrangements based on improvisation. Title: Vacuum Passage: Manifold vacuum can be used to drive accessories on automobiles. The best-known application is the vacuum servo, used to provide power assistance for the brakes. Obsolete applications include vacuum-driven windscreen wipers and Autovac fuel pumps. Some aircraft instruments (Attitude Indicator (AI) and the Heading Indicator (HI)) are typically vacuum-powered, as protection against loss of all (electrically powered) instruments, since early aircraft often did not have electrical systems, and since there are two readily available sources of vacuum on a moving aircraft—the engine and an external venturi. Vacuum induction melting uses electromagnetic induction within a vacuum. Title: Fender Musical Instruments Corporation Passage: In 1985, in a campaign initiated by then CBS Musical Instruments division president William Schultz (1926 -- 2006), the Fender Electric Instrument Manufacturing Company employees purchased the company from CBS and renamed it Fender Musical Instruments Corporation (FMIC). Behind the Fender name, FMIC has retained Fender's older models along with newer designs and concepts. The sale however did not include the old Fullerton factory; FMIC had to build a new facility in nearby Corona. Title: Shifty Henry Passage: John Willie "Shifty" Henry (4 October 1921 – 30 November 1958) was an American musician, most noted as a double bass and bass guitar player, and blues songwriter. He also played flute, violin, viola, saxophone, and oboe and was in demand as a session musician and arranger in Los Angeles in the 1940s and 1950s. He was also active in Los Angeles' live jazz scene on Central Avenue. Title: The First Seven Days Passage: The First Seven Days is an album recorded by jazz musician Jan Hammer in 1975. It features extensive use of synthesizers, including the synthesized "guitar" parts (as on his follow-up album, "Oh Yeah?"), with the record jacket stating, "For those concerned: there is "no guitar" on this album." Other instruments used are grand piano, electric violin and percussion. Title: Orchestra Passage: The typical symphony orchestra consists of four groups of related musical instruments called the woodwinds, brass, percussion, and strings (violin, viola, cello and double bass). Other instruments such as the piano and celesta may sometimes be grouped into a fifth section such as a keyboard section or may stand alone, as may the concert harp and electric and electronic instruments. The orchestra, depending on the size, contains almost all of the standard instruments in each group. Title: Orchestral Favorites Passage: Orchestral Favorites is an album by Frank Zappa first released in May 1979 on his own DiscReet Records label. The album is instrumental and features music performed by the 37-piece Abnuceals Emuukha Electric Symphony Orchestra. Title: Trimline telephone Passage: The Trimline telephone is a series of telephones produced by Western Electric, the manufacturing unit of the Bell System, and first introduced in 1965. It was designed by Henry Dreyfuss Associates under the project direction of Donald Genaro; the firm had designed all previous desktop telephone models for the American Telephone & Telegraph conglomerate. Title: John F. Cotton Corporate Wellness Center Passage: Being a private facility, it is situated inside the Meralco Center at Ortigas Avenue in Pasig City. The transformation of the JFCH into an integrated corporate wellness center made the Manila Electric Company the first corporation in the Philippines to institutionalize the implementation of such a program. Title: Electric Café Passage: Electric Café is the ninth studio album by the electronic group Kraftwerk, originally released in 1986. In October 2009 it was re-released under its original working title, Techno Pop. The initial 1986 "Electric Café" came in versions sung in English and German, as well as a limited "Edición Española" release, featuring versions of "Techno Pop" and "Sex Object" with only Spanish lyrics. It was the first Kraftwerk LP to be created using predominantly digital musical instruments, although the finished product was still recorded onto analog master tapes. Title: Mandolin Passage: Mandolin awareness in the United States blossomed in the 1880s, as the instrument became part of a fad that continued into the mid-1920s. According to Clarence L. Partee, the first mandolin made in the United States was made in 1883 or 1884 by Joseph Bohmann, who was an established maker of violins in Chicago. Partee characterized the early instrument as being larger than the European instruments he was used to, with a "peculiar shape" and "crude construction," and said that the quality improved, until American instruments were "superior" to imported instruments. At the time, Partee was using an imported French-made mandolin. Title: Starry Eyed Surprise Passage: "Starry Eyed Surprise" is a song produced by Paul Oakenfold. It features vocals by Shifty Shellshock of Crazy Town. The song was released in July 2002 as the second single from Oakenfold's album "Bunkka", reaching number six in the United Kingdom, number 19 in the Netherlands and New Zealand, number 21 in Ireland, and number 37 in Australia. It also reached the top 50 in Italy and the United States. It was later included on Shifty Shellshock's 2004 album "Happy Love Sick", and Oakenfold's 2007 album "Greatest Hits & Remixes, Vol. 1". Title: Hard rock Passage: The roots of hard rock can be traced back to the 1950s, particularly electric blues, which laid the foundations for key elements such as a rough declamatory vocal style, heavy guitar riffs, string-bending blues-scale guitar solos, strong beat, thick riff-laden texture, and posturing performances. Electric blues guitarists began experimenting with hard rock elements such as driving rhythms, distorted guitar solos and power chords in the 1950s, evident in the work of Memphis blues guitarists such as Joe Hill Louis, Willie Johnson, and particularly Pat Hare, who captured a "grittier, nastier, more ferocious electric guitar sound" on records such as James Cotton's "Cotton Crop Blues" (1954). Other antecedents include Link Wray's instrumental "Rumble" in 1958, and the surf rock instrumentals of Dick Dale, such as "Let's Go Trippin'" (1961) and "Misirlou" (1962).	[ "Bass guitar", "Shifty Henry" ]
2hop__389277_86840	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Susan Webber Wright (née Carter; born August 1, 1948) is a Senior United States District Judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Arkansas. Wright is a former judge on the United States Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court. She received national attention when she first dismissed the sexual harassment lawsuit brought by Paula Jones against President Bill Clinton in 1998, and then, in 1999, found Clinton to be in civil contempt of court.", "title": "Susan Webber Wright" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Rosemary Glyde (September 15, 1948 — January 18, 1994) was an American violist and composer. Focusing on expanding the limited repertory for solo viola, she wrote and transcribed many works for that instrument, including Sergei Rachmaninoff's Cello Sonata and Johann Sebastian Bach's Cello Suites for viola. She founded the New York Viola Society in 1992.", "title": "Rosemary Glyde" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Elmon Wright (October 27, 1929 – 1984) was an American jazz trumpeter. He was the son of Lammar Wright, Sr. and the brother of Lammar Wright, Jr..", "title": "Elmon Wright" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Orphans is a 1998 Scottish black comedy film written and directed by Peter Mullan and starring Douglas Henshall, Gary Lewis and Rosemarie Stevenson.", "title": "Orphans (1998 film)" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Noisy Nora is a children's book written by Rosemary Wells. This mouse later appeared in the \"Timothy Goes to School\" animated TV series.", "title": "Noisy Nora" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Roshd Biological Education is a quarterly science educational magazine covering recent developments in biology and biology education for a biology teacher Persian -speaking audience. Founded in 1985, it is published by The Teaching Aids Publication Bureau, Organization for Educational Planning and Research, Ministry of Education, Iran. Roshd Biological Education has an editorial board composed of Iranian biologists, experts in biology education, science journalists and biology teachers.", "title": "Roshd Biological Education" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "He received an education in Journalism and Communication at Wright State University in Dayton, Ohio. He set up the disability wing of the Rajiv Gandhi Foundation in India, after being invited to do so by Sonia Gandhi.", "title": "Javed Abidi" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Rosemary, That's for Remembrance is a 1914 American silent short drama directed by Francis J. Grandon. The film starred Earle Foxe and Adda Gleason.", "title": "Rosemary, That's for Remembrance" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Wright studied at the Royal Academy of Music with Patrick Cory and Harold Craxton, winning many prizes including the Chappell Silver Medal and Tobias Matthay Fellowship. Her later studies were with Bruno Seidlhofer at the Staatsakademie in Vienna, and with Edwin Fischer and Wilhelm Kempff. She studied chamber music with the cellist Pablo Casals. Wright won the Haydn Prize in the International Haydn-Schubert Competition in Vienna in 1959, and in 1960 became the first British pianist ever to win the Bosendorfer Prize.", "title": "Rosemarie Wright" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Wright was born in Bolton, Lancashire, England, the son of the Reverend Joseph Farrall Wright (1827–1883), vicar of Christ Church, Bolton and co-founder of Bolton Wanderers football club, and his wife Harriet, \"née\" Swallow. J. C. Wright was educated at Manchester Grammar School and Merton College, Oxford, where he graduated with honours in 1884.", "title": "John Wright (Archbishop of Sydney)" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The ministry is overseen by a cabinet minister, currently Janet Museveni, since 6 June 2016. She is assisted by three ministers of state; (a) Rosemary Seninde serves as Minister of State for Primary Education, (b) John Chrysestom Muyingo serves as Minister of State for Secondary Education, and Charles Bakkabulindi serves as Minister of State for sports.", "title": "Ministry of Education and Sports (Uganda)" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Rosemary Daniels is a fictional character from the Australian Network Ten soap opera \"Neighbours\", played by Joy Chambers. She made her first on-screen appearance on 20 February 1986 and appeared intermittently. Rosemary is the adoptive daughter of Helen Daniels and the sister of Anne Robinson. Rosemary was the first character to discover Jim Robinson's body, following his death. Rosemary has been portrayed as a tough businesswoman who runs the Daniels Corporation. Chambers reprised the role in 2005 and returned for several episodes to help celebrate the show's 20th anniversary. Rosemary returned in 2010 for four episodes to celebrate the 25th anniversary. She made the first of her appearances on 6 July 2010 and the last on 20 August 2010.", "title": "Rosemary Daniels" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Stars Are Singing is a 1953 Paramount Pictures musical directed by Norman Taurog and starring Rosemary Clooney, Anna Maria Alberghetti, and Lauritz Melchior.", "title": "The Stars Are Singing" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Rosemary Clooney Sings the Lyrics of Ira Gershwin is a 1979 album by Rosemary Clooney, of songs with lyrics by Ira Gershwin.", "title": "Rosemary Clooney Sings the Lyrics of Ira Gershwin" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Always a Bride is a 1940 comedy film directed by Noel M. Smith and starring Rosemary Lane and George Reeves.", "title": "Always a Bride" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Wrights is an American country music duo composed of husband and wife Adam Wright and Shannon Wright. Adam Wright is also the nephew of country music artist Alan Jackson.", "title": "The Wrights (duo)" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Wright brothers Orville and Wilbur Wright in 1905 Nationality American Known for inventing, building, and flying the world's first successful airplane Signatures Orville Wright Born (1871 - 08 - 19) August 19, 1871 Dayton, Ohio Died January 30, 1948 (1948 - 01 - 30) (aged 76) Dayton, Ohio Education 3 years high school Occupation Printer / publisher, bicycle retailer / manufacturer, airplane inventor / manufacturer, pilot trainer Wilbur Wright Born (1867 - 04 - 16) April 16, 1867 Millville, Indiana Died May 30, 1912 (1912 - 05 - 30) (aged 45) Dayton, Ohio Education 4 years high school Occupation Editor, bicycle retailer / manufacturer, airplane inventor / manufacturer, pilot trainer", "title": "Wright brothers" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The library is based at two public sites: the Reading Room at the RIBA's headquarters, 66 Portland Place, London; and the RIBA Architecture Study Rooms in the Henry Cole Wing of the V&A. The Reading Room, designed by the building's architect George Grey Wornum and his wife Miriam, retains its original 1934 Art Deco interior with open bookshelves, original furniture and double-height central space. The study rooms, opened in 2004, were designed by Wright & Wright. The library is funded entirely by the RIBA but it is open to the public without charge. It operates a free education programme aimed at students, education groups and families, and an information service for RIBA members and the public through the RIBA Information Centre.", "title": "Royal Institute of British Architects" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Royal Conservatory of Music, branded as The Royal Conservatory, is a music education business and performance venue headquartered in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. It was founded in 1886 by Edward Fisher as The Toronto Conservatory of Music. In 1947, King George VI incorporated the organization through royal charter.", "title": "The Royal Conservatory of Music" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The play begins as the men, followed by the women, enter the Wright's empty farm house. On command from the county attorney, Mr. Hale recounts his visit to the house the previous day, when he found Mrs. Wright behaving strangely and her husband upstairs with a rope around his neck, dead. Mr. Hale notes that when he questioned her, Mrs. Wright claimed that she was asleep when someone strangled her husband. While the county attorney, Mr. Hale, and Mr. Peters are searching the house for evidence, Mrs. Hale and Mrs. Peters find clues in the kitchen and hallway to this unsolved mystery. The men find no clues upstairs in the Wright house that would prove Mrs. Wright guilty, but the women find a dead canary that cracks the case wide open. The wives realize Mr. Wright killed the bird, and that led to Mrs. Wright killing her husband. The wives piece together that Minnie was being abused by her husband, and they understand how it feels to be oppressed by men. Because they feel bad for Minnie, they hide the evidence against her and she is spared the punishment for killing her husband.", "title": "Trifles (play)" } ]	who founded Rosemarie Wright's alma mater?	Edward Fisher	[]	Title: Always a Bride Passage: Always a Bride is a 1940 comedy film directed by Noel M. Smith and starring Rosemary Lane and George Reeves. Title: Susan Webber Wright Passage: Susan Webber Wright (née Carter; born August 1, 1948) is a Senior United States District Judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Arkansas. Wright is a former judge on the United States Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court. She received national attention when she first dismissed the sexual harassment lawsuit brought by Paula Jones against President Bill Clinton in 1998, and then, in 1999, found Clinton to be in civil contempt of court. Title: Ministry of Education and Sports (Uganda) Passage: The ministry is overseen by a cabinet minister, currently Janet Museveni, since 6 June 2016. She is assisted by three ministers of state; (a) Rosemary Seninde serves as Minister of State for Primary Education, (b) John Chrysestom Muyingo serves as Minister of State for Secondary Education, and Charles Bakkabulindi serves as Minister of State for sports. Title: Roshd Biological Education Passage: Roshd Biological Education is a quarterly science educational magazine covering recent developments in biology and biology education for a biology teacher Persian -speaking audience. Founded in 1985, it is published by The Teaching Aids Publication Bureau, Organization for Educational Planning and Research, Ministry of Education, Iran. Roshd Biological Education has an editorial board composed of Iranian biologists, experts in biology education, science journalists and biology teachers. Title: Javed Abidi Passage: He received an education in Journalism and Communication at Wright State University in Dayton, Ohio. He set up the disability wing of the Rajiv Gandhi Foundation in India, after being invited to do so by Sonia Gandhi. Title: Orphans (1998 film) Passage: Orphans is a 1998 Scottish black comedy film written and directed by Peter Mullan and starring Douglas Henshall, Gary Lewis and Rosemarie Stevenson. Title: John Wright (Archbishop of Sydney) Passage: Wright was born in Bolton, Lancashire, England, the son of the Reverend Joseph Farrall Wright (1827–1883), vicar of Christ Church, Bolton and co-founder of Bolton Wanderers football club, and his wife Harriet, "née" Swallow. J. C. Wright was educated at Manchester Grammar School and Merton College, Oxford, where he graduated with honours in 1884. Title: Rosemary, That's for Remembrance Passage: Rosemary, That's for Remembrance is a 1914 American silent short drama directed by Francis J. Grandon. The film starred Earle Foxe and Adda Gleason. Title: The Wrights (duo) Passage: The Wrights is an American country music duo composed of husband and wife Adam Wright and Shannon Wright. Adam Wright is also the nephew of country music artist Alan Jackson. Title: Royal Institute of British Architects Passage: The library is based at two public sites: the Reading Room at the RIBA's headquarters, 66 Portland Place, London; and the RIBA Architecture Study Rooms in the Henry Cole Wing of the V&A. The Reading Room, designed by the building's architect George Grey Wornum and his wife Miriam, retains its original 1934 Art Deco interior with open bookshelves, original furniture and double-height central space. The study rooms, opened in 2004, were designed by Wright & Wright. The library is funded entirely by the RIBA but it is open to the public without charge. It operates a free education programme aimed at students, education groups and families, and an information service for RIBA members and the public through the RIBA Information Centre. Title: Wright brothers Passage: The Wright brothers Orville and Wilbur Wright in 1905 Nationality American Known for inventing, building, and flying the world's first successful airplane Signatures Orville Wright Born (1871 - 08 - 19) August 19, 1871 Dayton, Ohio Died January 30, 1948 (1948 - 01 - 30) (aged 76) Dayton, Ohio Education 3 years high school Occupation Printer / publisher, bicycle retailer / manufacturer, airplane inventor / manufacturer, pilot trainer Wilbur Wright Born (1867 - 04 - 16) April 16, 1867 Millville, Indiana Died May 30, 1912 (1912 - 05 - 30) (aged 45) Dayton, Ohio Education 4 years high school Occupation Editor, bicycle retailer / manufacturer, airplane inventor / manufacturer, pilot trainer Title: Rosemary Clooney Sings the Lyrics of Ira Gershwin Passage: Rosemary Clooney Sings the Lyrics of Ira Gershwin is a 1979 album by Rosemary Clooney, of songs with lyrics by Ira Gershwin. Title: Elmon Wright Passage: Elmon Wright (October 27, 1929 – 1984) was an American jazz trumpeter. He was the son of Lammar Wright, Sr. and the brother of Lammar Wright, Jr.. Title: Noisy Nora Passage: Noisy Nora is a children's book written by Rosemary Wells. This mouse later appeared in the "Timothy Goes to School" animated TV series. Title: The Royal Conservatory of Music Passage: The Royal Conservatory of Music, branded as The Royal Conservatory, is a music education business and performance venue headquartered in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. It was founded in 1886 by Edward Fisher as The Toronto Conservatory of Music. In 1947, King George VI incorporated the organization through royal charter. Title: Rosemary Glyde Passage: Rosemary Glyde (September 15, 1948 — January 18, 1994) was an American violist and composer. Focusing on expanding the limited repertory for solo viola, she wrote and transcribed many works for that instrument, including Sergei Rachmaninoff's Cello Sonata and Johann Sebastian Bach's Cello Suites for viola. She founded the New York Viola Society in 1992. Title: Rosemary Daniels Passage: Rosemary Daniels is a fictional character from the Australian Network Ten soap opera "Neighbours", played by Joy Chambers. She made her first on-screen appearance on 20 February 1986 and appeared intermittently. Rosemary is the adoptive daughter of Helen Daniels and the sister of Anne Robinson. Rosemary was the first character to discover Jim Robinson's body, following his death. Rosemary has been portrayed as a tough businesswoman who runs the Daniels Corporation. Chambers reprised the role in 2005 and returned for several episodes to help celebrate the show's 20th anniversary. Rosemary returned in 2010 for four episodes to celebrate the 25th anniversary. She made the first of her appearances on 6 July 2010 and the last on 20 August 2010. Title: Trifles (play) Passage: The play begins as the men, followed by the women, enter the Wright's empty farm house. On command from the county attorney, Mr. Hale recounts his visit to the house the previous day, when he found Mrs. Wright behaving strangely and her husband upstairs with a rope around his neck, dead. Mr. Hale notes that when he questioned her, Mrs. Wright claimed that she was asleep when someone strangled her husband. While the county attorney, Mr. Hale, and Mr. Peters are searching the house for evidence, Mrs. Hale and Mrs. Peters find clues in the kitchen and hallway to this unsolved mystery. The men find no clues upstairs in the Wright house that would prove Mrs. Wright guilty, but the women find a dead canary that cracks the case wide open. The wives realize Mr. Wright killed the bird, and that led to Mrs. Wright killing her husband. The wives piece together that Minnie was being abused by her husband, and they understand how it feels to be oppressed by men. Because they feel bad for Minnie, they hide the evidence against her and she is spared the punishment for killing her husband. Title: The Stars Are Singing Passage: The Stars Are Singing is a 1953 Paramount Pictures musical directed by Norman Taurog and starring Rosemary Clooney, Anna Maria Alberghetti, and Lauritz Melchior. Title: Rosemarie Wright Passage: Wright studied at the Royal Academy of Music with Patrick Cory and Harold Craxton, winning many prizes including the Chappell Silver Medal and Tobias Matthay Fellowship. Her later studies were with Bruno Seidlhofer at the Staatsakademie in Vienna, and with Edwin Fischer and Wilhelm Kempff. She studied chamber music with the cellist Pablo Casals. Wright won the Haydn Prize in the International Haydn-Schubert Competition in Vienna in 1959, and in 1960 became the first British pianist ever to win the Bosendorfer Prize.	[ "Rosemarie Wright", "The Royal Conservatory of Music" ]
2hop__650508_158398	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Windows 10 Mobile Fall Creators Update, or Windows 10 version 1709. Despite sharing a name and version number with the ``Redstone 3 ''- release for desktop is the Windows 10 Mobile build part of the`` Redstone 2'' branch, is the third major update to Windows 10 Mobile and the third in a series of updates planned under the Redstone codenames. The first preview was released to Insiders on April 14, 2017. The Fall Creators Update (Version 1709, 10.0. 15254) was officially released on October 24, 2017.", "title": "Windows 10 version history" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Version Build Release date Darwin Notes Standalone download 10.12 16A323 September 20, 2016 16.0. 0 Original Mac App Store release N / A 10.12. 1 16B2555 October 24, 2016 16.1. 0 About the macOS Sierra 10.12. 1 Update macOS Sierra 10.12. 1 Update 16B2657 October 27, 2016 10.12. 2 16C67 December 13, 2016 16.3. 0 About the macOS Sierra 10.12. 2 Update macOS Sierra 10.12. 2 Update macOS Sierra 10.12. 2 Combo Update 16C68 December 14, 2016 10.12. 3 16D32 January 23, 2017 16.4. 0 About the macOS Sierra 10.12. 3 Update macOS Sierra 10.12. 3 Update macOS Sierra 10.12. 3 Combo Update 10.12. 4 16E195 March 27, 2017 16.5. 0 About the macOS Sierra 10.12. 4 Update macOS Sierra 10.12. 4 Update macOS Sierra 10.12. 4 Combo Update 10.12. 5 16F73 May 15, 2017 16.6. 0 About the macOS Sierra 10.12. 5 Update macOS Sierra 10.12. 5 Update macOS Sierra 10.12. 5 Combo Update 16F2073 June 5, 2017 10.12. 6 16G29 July 19, 2017 16.7. 0 About the macOS Sierra 10.12. 6 Update macOS Sierra 10.12. 6 Update macOS Sierra 10.12. 6 Combo Update 16G1036 October 31, 2017 About the security content of Security Update 2017 - 001 Sierra Security Update 2017 - 001 Sierra 16G1114 December 6, 2017 About the security content of Security Update 2017 - 002 Sierra Security Update 2017 - 002 Sierra 16G1212 January 23, 2018 About the security content of Security Update 2018 - 001 Sierra Security Update 2018 - 001 Sierra 16G1314 March 29, 2018 About the security content of Security Update 2018 - 002 Sierra Security Update 2018 - 002 Sierra", "title": "MacOS Sierra" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The \"O-Parts Hunter\" manga series, known as \"666 Satan\" in Japan, features a cast of characters created by Seishi Kishimoto. Set in the near future, it tells the story of a teenage girl named Ruby Crescent who wants to become a treasure hunter, following in the footsteps of her father. Her objective is to find O-Parts, ancient relics that can only be used by O.P.T.s (O-Part Tacticians), people who are able to release their Spirit and focus it into an O-Part to activate a special Effect, usually of a fantastic nature. She meets a mysterious boy named Jio Freed who, due to having a dark, lonely past, seeks to conquer the world. Jio is hostile to her at first but ends up traveling with Ruby as her bodyguard.", "title": "List of O-Parts Hunter characters" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "An SQL UPDATE statement changes the data of one or more records in a table. Either all the rows can be updated, or a subset may be chosen using a condition.", "title": "Update (SQL)" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The fourth major update, titled No Man's Sky Next, was released for Windows and PlayStation 4 on 24 July 2018; this also coincided with No Man's Sky's release on Xbox One which included all updates including Next. Additionally, the Next update will include support for Tencent's WeGame distribution platform in China, which Hello Games says hosts a significant number of No Man's Sky players.", "title": "No Man's Sky" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "As of 2000[update], there were 59,948 people who were single and never married in the municipality. There were 49,873 married individuals, 9,345 widows or widowers and 9,468 individuals who are divorced.", "title": "Bern" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The fourth major update, titled ``Next '', will be released for all platforms on 24 July 2018, alongside the game's release for the Xbox One, which will include all four updates. The update will have a`` full multiplayer experience'' which includes exploration, base building, and ground and space travel and combat. Additionally, the Next update will include support for Tencent's WeGame distribution platform in China, which Hello Games says hosts a significant number of No Man's Sky players.", "title": "No Man's Sky" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The World Health Organization first proposed a definition for AIDS in 1986. Since then, the WHO classification has been updated and expanded several times, with the most recent version being published in 2007. The WHO system uses the following categories:", "title": "HIV/AIDS" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Windows 10 Mobile Creators Update or Windows 10 version 1703, codenamed ``Redstone 2 '', is the third major update to Windows 10 and the second in a series of updates planned under the Redstone codenames. The first preview was released to Insiders on August 11, 2016.", "title": "Windows 10 version history" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "As of 2000[update], there were 67,115 private households in the municipality, and an average of 1.8 persons per household. There were 34,981 households that consist of only one person and 1,592 households with five or more people. In 2000[update], a total of 65,538 apartments (90.6% of the total) were permanently occupied, while 5,352 apartments (7.4%) were seasonally occupied and 1,444 apartments (2.0%) were empty. As of 2009[update], the construction rate of new housing units was 1.2 new units per 1000 residents.", "title": "Bern" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "As of 2000[update], there were 9,045 pupils in Bern who came from another municipality, while 1,185 residents attended schools outside the municipality.", "title": "Bern" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Let Our Violins Be Heard\" was re-released to the national market on July 22, 2006 by Tragic Hero Records. The release featured updated artwork, including the new Scapegoat logo design and updated photo artwork.", "title": "Let Our Violins Be Heard" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In addition, this Introductory Course gives students more information to complement general biology or science training. It also has two different parts: Part I is an introduction to the basic principles of immunology and Part II is a clinically-oriented lecture series. On the other hand, the Advanced Course is another course for those who are willing to expand or update their understanding of immunology. It is advised for students who want to attend the Advanced Course to have a background of the principles of immunology. Most schools require students to take electives in other to complete their degrees. A Master’s degree requires two years of study following the attainment of a bachelor's degree. For a doctoral programme it is required to take two additional years of study.", "title": "Immunology" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The game was fully released out of early access on February 28, 2018. The launch included updates to scoring, combat, weapons, gameplay, UI a new gamemode, Auto Royale. The update also officially launched Season 1, introducing a new updated scoring system that rewards players who get kills and place well in matches consistently. A week after release, it was announced that the game would be going back to free - to - play. It was released for the PlayStation 4 on May 22, 2018, gaining over 1.5 million players within a few days.", "title": "Z1 Battle Royale" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "On June 27, 2014, the team changed its geographic name from ``Phoenix ''to`` Arizona'', and modified its secondary logo. On June 26, 2015, the team introduced updated jerseys for the 2015 -- 16 NHL season.", "title": "Arizona Coyotes" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "MySQL ( \"My S-Q-L\") is an open-source relational database management system (RDBMS). Its name is a combination of \"My\", the name of co-founder Michael Widenius's daughter, and \"SQL\", the abbreviation for Structured Query Language.", "title": "MySQL" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Rural Municipality of Cartier is part of the Central Plains Region in the province of Manitoba, Canada. It is named after Sir George-Étienne Cartier who was a leader in bringing Quebec into Confederation.", "title": "Rural Municipality of Cartier" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The 'OtherOS' functionality was not present in the updated PS Slim models, and the feature was subsequently removed from previous versions of the PS3 as part of the machine's firmware update version 3.21 which was released on April 1, 2010; Sony cited security concerns as the rationale. The firmware update 3.21 was mandatory for access to the PlayStation Network. The removal caused some controversy; as the update removed officially advertised features from already sold products, and gave rise to several class action lawsuits aimed at making Sony return the feature or provide compensation.", "title": "PlayStation 3" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In season seven, Callen admits that he and Joelle are not suited and rowing a lot. They break up off screen but still spend Christmas together to avoid being lonely. In ``Matryoshka, Part 2 '', Callen meets his father in Russia who reveals that his birth name is Grisha Alekandrovich Nikolaev but had to leave before he could find out any more information. Callen has since updated his personnel records and credentials with his full name.", "title": "G. Callen" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In 2000[update], there were 94,367 workers who commuted into the municipality and 16,424 workers who commuted away. The municipality is a net importer of workers, with about 5.7 workers entering the municipality for every one leaving. Of the working population, 50.6% used public transport to get to work, and 20.6% used a private car.", "title": "Bern" } ]	Who is the programming language that includes the UPDATE statement partially named after?	Michael Widenius's daughter	[ "Michael Widenius" ]	Title: Rural Municipality of Cartier Passage: Rural Municipality of Cartier is part of the Central Plains Region in the province of Manitoba, Canada. It is named after Sir George-Étienne Cartier who was a leader in bringing Quebec into Confederation. Title: HIV/AIDS Passage: The World Health Organization first proposed a definition for AIDS in 1986. Since then, the WHO classification has been updated and expanded several times, with the most recent version being published in 2007. The WHO system uses the following categories: Title: Bern Passage: As of 2000[update], there were 67,115 private households in the municipality, and an average of 1.8 persons per household. There were 34,981 households that consist of only one person and 1,592 households with five or more people. In 2000[update], a total of 65,538 apartments (90.6% of the total) were permanently occupied, while 5,352 apartments (7.4%) were seasonally occupied and 1,444 apartments (2.0%) were empty. As of 2009[update], the construction rate of new housing units was 1.2 new units per 1000 residents. Title: G. Callen Passage: In season seven, Callen admits that he and Joelle are not suited and rowing a lot. They break up off screen but still spend Christmas together to avoid being lonely. In ``Matryoshka, Part 2 '', Callen meets his father in Russia who reveals that his birth name is Grisha Alekandrovich Nikolaev but had to leave before he could find out any more information. Callen has since updated his personnel records and credentials with his full name. Title: Bern Passage: As of 2000[update], there were 59,948 people who were single and never married in the municipality. There were 49,873 married individuals, 9,345 widows or widowers and 9,468 individuals who are divorced. Title: No Man's Sky Passage: The fourth major update, titled No Man's Sky Next, was released for Windows and PlayStation 4 on 24 July 2018; this also coincided with No Man's Sky's release on Xbox One which included all updates including Next. Additionally, the Next update will include support for Tencent's WeGame distribution platform in China, which Hello Games says hosts a significant number of No Man's Sky players. Title: Windows 10 version history Passage: Windows 10 Mobile Creators Update or Windows 10 version 1703, codenamed ``Redstone 2 '', is the third major update to Windows 10 and the second in a series of updates planned under the Redstone codenames. The first preview was released to Insiders on August 11, 2016. Title: MySQL Passage: MySQL ( "My S-Q-L") is an open-source relational database management system (RDBMS). Its name is a combination of "My", the name of co-founder Michael Widenius's daughter, and "SQL", the abbreviation for Structured Query Language. Title: Windows 10 version history Passage: Windows 10 Mobile Fall Creators Update, or Windows 10 version 1709. Despite sharing a name and version number with the ``Redstone 3 ''- release for desktop is the Windows 10 Mobile build part of the`` Redstone 2'' branch, is the third major update to Windows 10 Mobile and the third in a series of updates planned under the Redstone codenames. The first preview was released to Insiders on April 14, 2017. The Fall Creators Update (Version 1709, 10.0. 15254) was officially released on October 24, 2017. Title: Let Our Violins Be Heard Passage: "Let Our Violins Be Heard" was re-released to the national market on July 22, 2006 by Tragic Hero Records. The release featured updated artwork, including the new Scapegoat logo design and updated photo artwork. Title: Z1 Battle Royale Passage: The game was fully released out of early access on February 28, 2018. The launch included updates to scoring, combat, weapons, gameplay, UI a new gamemode, Auto Royale. The update also officially launched Season 1, introducing a new updated scoring system that rewards players who get kills and place well in matches consistently. A week after release, it was announced that the game would be going back to free - to - play. It was released for the PlayStation 4 on May 22, 2018, gaining over 1.5 million players within a few days. Title: Bern Passage: As of 2000[update], there were 9,045 pupils in Bern who came from another municipality, while 1,185 residents attended schools outside the municipality. Title: MacOS Sierra Passage: Version Build Release date Darwin Notes Standalone download 10.12 16A323 September 20, 2016 16.0. 0 Original Mac App Store release N / A 10.12. 1 16B2555 October 24, 2016 16.1. 0 About the macOS Sierra 10.12. 1 Update macOS Sierra 10.12. 1 Update 16B2657 October 27, 2016 10.12. 2 16C67 December 13, 2016 16.3. 0 About the macOS Sierra 10.12. 2 Update macOS Sierra 10.12. 2 Update macOS Sierra 10.12. 2 Combo Update 16C68 December 14, 2016 10.12. 3 16D32 January 23, 2017 16.4. 0 About the macOS Sierra 10.12. 3 Update macOS Sierra 10.12. 3 Update macOS Sierra 10.12. 3 Combo Update 10.12. 4 16E195 March 27, 2017 16.5. 0 About the macOS Sierra 10.12. 4 Update macOS Sierra 10.12. 4 Update macOS Sierra 10.12. 4 Combo Update 10.12. 5 16F73 May 15, 2017 16.6. 0 About the macOS Sierra 10.12. 5 Update macOS Sierra 10.12. 5 Update macOS Sierra 10.12. 5 Combo Update 16F2073 June 5, 2017 10.12. 6 16G29 July 19, 2017 16.7. 0 About the macOS Sierra 10.12. 6 Update macOS Sierra 10.12. 6 Update macOS Sierra 10.12. 6 Combo Update 16G1036 October 31, 2017 About the security content of Security Update 2017 - 001 Sierra Security Update 2017 - 001 Sierra 16G1114 December 6, 2017 About the security content of Security Update 2017 - 002 Sierra Security Update 2017 - 002 Sierra 16G1212 January 23, 2018 About the security content of Security Update 2018 - 001 Sierra Security Update 2018 - 001 Sierra 16G1314 March 29, 2018 About the security content of Security Update 2018 - 002 Sierra Security Update 2018 - 002 Sierra Title: List of O-Parts Hunter characters Passage: The "O-Parts Hunter" manga series, known as "666 Satan" in Japan, features a cast of characters created by Seishi Kishimoto. Set in the near future, it tells the story of a teenage girl named Ruby Crescent who wants to become a treasure hunter, following in the footsteps of her father. Her objective is to find O-Parts, ancient relics that can only be used by O.P.T.s (O-Part Tacticians), people who are able to release their Spirit and focus it into an O-Part to activate a special Effect, usually of a fantastic nature. She meets a mysterious boy named Jio Freed who, due to having a dark, lonely past, seeks to conquer the world. Jio is hostile to her at first but ends up traveling with Ruby as her bodyguard. Title: Bern Passage: In 2000[update], there were 94,367 workers who commuted into the municipality and 16,424 workers who commuted away. The municipality is a net importer of workers, with about 5.7 workers entering the municipality for every one leaving. Of the working population, 50.6% used public transport to get to work, and 20.6% used a private car. Title: PlayStation 3 Passage: The 'OtherOS' functionality was not present in the updated PS Slim models, and the feature was subsequently removed from previous versions of the PS3 as part of the machine's firmware update version 3.21 which was released on April 1, 2010; Sony cited security concerns as the rationale. The firmware update 3.21 was mandatory for access to the PlayStation Network. The removal caused some controversy; as the update removed officially advertised features from already sold products, and gave rise to several class action lawsuits aimed at making Sony return the feature or provide compensation. Title: Update (SQL) Passage: An SQL UPDATE statement changes the data of one or more records in a table. Either all the rows can be updated, or a subset may be chosen using a condition. Title: Arizona Coyotes Passage: On June 27, 2014, the team changed its geographic name from ``Phoenix ''to`` Arizona'', and modified its secondary logo. On June 26, 2015, the team introduced updated jerseys for the 2015 -- 16 NHL season. Title: Immunology Passage: In addition, this Introductory Course gives students more information to complement general biology or science training. It also has two different parts: Part I is an introduction to the basic principles of immunology and Part II is a clinically-oriented lecture series. On the other hand, the Advanced Course is another course for those who are willing to expand or update their understanding of immunology. It is advised for students who want to attend the Advanced Course to have a background of the principles of immunology. Most schools require students to take electives in other to complete their degrees. A Master’s degree requires two years of study following the attainment of a bachelor's degree. For a doctoral programme it is required to take two additional years of study. Title: No Man's Sky Passage: The fourth major update, titled ``Next '', will be released for all platforms on 24 July 2018, alongside the game's release for the Xbox One, which will include all four updates. The update will have a`` full multiplayer experience'' which includes exploration, base building, and ground and space travel and combat. Additionally, the Next update will include support for Tencent's WeGame distribution platform in China, which Hello Games says hosts a significant number of No Man's Sky players.	[ "Update (SQL)", "MySQL" ]
2hop__134287_55257	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Major League Baseball (MLB) season schedule consists of 162 games for each of the 30 teams in the American League (AL) and National League (NL), played over approximately six months -- a total of 2,430 games, plus the postseason. The regular season runs from late March / early April to late September / early October, followed by the postseason which can run to early November. The season begins with the official Opening Day, and, as of 2018, runs 261⁄2 weeks through the last Sunday of September or first Sunday of October. One or more International Opener games may be scheduled outside the United States before the official Opening Day. It is possible for a given team to play a maximum of 20 games in the postseason in a given year, provided the team is a wild card and advances to each of the Division Series, Championship Series, and World Series with each series going the distance (5 games in the Division Series, 7 games each in the League Championship Series / World Series).", "title": "Major League Baseball schedule" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Billy Boat Motorsports was an American professional stock car racing team that last competed in the NASCAR Xfinity Series, and the Camping World Truck Series. The team was owned by former IndyCar Series driver Billy Boat. Founded in 2014 and based in Mooresville, North Carolina, the team fielded the No. 84 CorvetteParts.net Chevrolet Camaro for Chad Boat part-time in the NASCAR Xfinity Series, and the No. 15 811 Call Before You Dig Chevrolet Silverado for Mason Mingus full-time in the NASCAR Camping World Truck Series.", "title": "Billy Boat Motorsports" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The 2015 World Series was the championship series of Major League Baseball's (MLB) 2015 season. The 111th edition of the World Series, it was a best - of - seven playoff between the National League (NL) champion New York Mets and the American League (AL) champion Kansas City Royals. The series was played between October 27 and November 1, with the Royals winning the series 4 games to 1. It was the first time since the 2010 World Series that the World Series extended into November. The Royals became the first team since the Oakland Athletics in the 1989 World Series to win the World Series after losing in the previous year. It was the first World Series to feature only expansion teams and the first since the 2007 World Series to not feature the Philadelphia Phillies, St. Louis Cardinals, or San Francisco Giants as the NL champions.", "title": "2015 World Series" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The team is named after the former Toronto Marlboros, a junior hockey team that played in Toronto from 1904 to 1989, the last 62 years of that time under common ownership with the Leafs. The team was long known as the ``Marlies ''to fans and media alike. To avoid any potential association with the similarly named cigarette brand, MLSE uses the abbreviated form as the team's official nickname.", "title": "Toronto Marlies" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The 2016 World Series was the championship series of Major League Baseball's (MLB) 2016 season. The 112th edition of the World Series, it was a best - of - seven playoff between the National League (NL) champion Chicago Cubs and the American League (AL) champion Cleveland Indians, the first meeting of those franchises in postseason history. The series was played between October 25 and November 3. The Indians had home - field advantage because the AL had won the 2016 All - Star Game. It was also the last World Series to have home - field advantage determined by the All - Star Game results; since 2017, home - field advantage is awarded to the team with the better record.", "title": "2016 World Series" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "American League (AL) teams have won 65 of the 113 World Series played (57.5%). The New York Yankees have won 27 titles, accounting for 23.9% of all series played and 41.5% of the wins by American League teams. The St. Louis Cardinals have won 11 World Series, accounting for 9.7% of all series played and 23% of the 48 National League victories.", "title": "World Series" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The only extended period of failure the Cardinals have experienced began when they joined the National League in 1892. The Cardinals played only five winning seasons in 30 years while finishing last seven times from their entrance to the NL until 1921. However, the Cardinals have remarkably avoided such failure since then as they have not finished in last place in the National League since 1918, by far the longest streak in the NL. The Cardinals failed to reach the World Series in the 1950s, 1970s, and 1990s, but were regularly a competitive team in each of these decades.", "title": "List of St. Louis Cardinals seasons" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Nadine Krause (born 25 March 1982 in Waiblingen) is a former German handballer who last played for Bayer Leverkusen as a left back. She made her debut on the German A-Team in 1999, at the age of 17. She was top scorer at the 2005 World Championships, and was voted IHF World Player of the Year 2006.", "title": "Nadine Krause" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The England cricket team toured Scotland to play a One Day International (ODI) at The Grange Club, Edinburgh, on 10 June 2018. The match was followed by two Twenty20 Internationals (T20Is) against Pakistan on the same ground on 12 and 13 June. The last time the two teams played in an ODI against each other was in the 2015 Cricket World Cup, with England winning by 119 runs. In May 2018, Cricket Scotland named a provisional 24 - man squad for the matches against England and Pakistan.", "title": "English cricket team in Scotland in 2018" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The 1903 World Series was the first modern World Series to be played in Major League Baseball. It matched the Boston Americans of the American League against the Pittsburgh Pirates of the National League in a best - of - nine series, with Boston prevailing five games to three, winning the last four.", "title": "1903 World Series" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Major League Baseball (MLB) season schedule consists of 162 games for each of the 30 teams in the American League (AL) and National League (NL), played over approximately six months -- a total of 2,430 games, plus the postseason. The regular season typically runs from early April to late September, followed by the postseason in October. The season begins with the official Opening Day and runs 26 weeks through the last Sunday of September or first Sunday of October. One or more International Opener games may be scheduled outside the United States before the official Opening Day. It is possible for a given team to play a maximum of 20 games in the postseason in a given year, provided the team is a wild card and advances to each of the Division Series, Championship Series, and World Series with each series going the distance (5 games in the Division Series, 7 games in the League Championship Series / World Series).", "title": "Major League Baseball schedule" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The 2016 World Series was the championship series of Major League Baseball's (MLB) 2016 season. The 112th edition of the World Series, it was a best - of - seven playoff between the National League (NL) champion Chicago Cubs and the American League (AL) champion Cleveland Indians, the first meeting of those franchises in postseason history. The series was played between October 25 and November 2. The Indians had home - field advantage because the AL had won the 2016 All - Star Game. It was also the last World Series to have home - field advantage determined by the All - Star Game results; since 2017, home - field advantage is awarded to the team with the better record.", "title": "2016 World Series" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In June 1999, when Ando was 16 years old, she was elected Japan national team for 1999 FIFA Women's World Cup. At this competition, on June 26, she debuted against Norway. She played World Cup 4 times and Summer Olympics 3 times. She was a member of Japan, defeated the United States in a penalty shootout in the finals to win the 2011 World Cup. She was also part of the Japanese team which won the silver medal at the 2012 Summer Olympics and 2nd position at 2015 World Cup. At 2015 World Cup, first match against Switzerland, she got penalty kick, but she fractured her left ankle at the moment. This match became her last match at Japan national team. She played 126 games and scored 19 goals for Japan until 2015.", "title": "Kozue Ando" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Exactly two weeks later on October 23, 2005, the same Houston Astros team lost to the Chicago White Sox in the longest World Series game by time, Game 3 of the 2005 Series, played at Minute Maid Park, which lasted 5 hours 41 minutes, breaking the previous record of 4 hours 51 minutes in Game 1 of the 2000 World Series. It also shared the record for the longest World Series game by innings at 14, tied with Game 2 of the 1916 World Series, played on October 9, 1916 between the Brooklyn Robins and Boston Red Sox at Braves Field, and Game 1 of the 2015 World Series, played on October 27, 2015 between the New York Mets and Kansas City Royals at Kauffman Stadium.", "title": "Extra innings" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Randall Asher Wojciechowski (born December 21, 1988) is an American professional baseball pitcher for the Baltimore Orioles of Major League Baseball (MLB). He has played in MLB for the Houston Astros and Cincinnati Reds.", "title": "Asher Wojciechowski" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The 2017 World Series was the championship series of Major League Baseball's (MLB) 2017 season. The 113th edition of the World Series, it was played between October 24 and November 1. The series was a best - of - seven playoff between the National League (NL) champion Los Angeles Dodgers and the American League (AL) champion Houston Astros. It was sponsored by the Internet television service YouTube TV and officially known as the World Series presented by YouTube TV.", "title": "2017 World Series" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Cubs have appeared in a total of eleven World Series. The 1906 Cubs won 116 games, finishing 116 -- 36 and posting a modern - era record winning percentage of. 763, before losing the World Series to the Chicago White Sox (``The Hitless Wonders '') by four games to two. The Cubs won back - to - back World Series championships in 1907 and 1908, becoming the first major league team to play in three consecutive World Series, and the first to win it twice. Most recently, the Cubs won the 2016 National League Championship Series and 2016 World Series, which ended a 71 - year National League pennant drought and a 108 - year World Series championship drought, both of which are record droughts in Major League Baseball. The 108 - year drought was also the longest such occurrence in all major North American sports. Since the start of divisional play in 1969, the Cubs have appeared in the postseason eight times through the 2016 season.", "title": "Chicago Cubs" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The 1995 Scotland rugby union tour of Zimbabwe was a series of matches played in May and June 1995 in Zimbabwe by a selection of Scottish players. It was a \"Development team\", that visit Zimbabwe while the Scottish official team was playing the 1995 Rugby World Cup in South Africa.", "title": "1995 Scotland rugby union tour of Zimbabwe" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The 2016 World Series was the 112th edition of Major League Baseball's championship series, a best - of - seven playoff between the National League (NL) champion Chicago Cubs and the American League (AL) champion Cleveland Indians, the first meeting of those franchises in postseason history. The series was played between October 25 and November 2. The Indians had home - field advantage because the AL had won the 2016 All - Star Game. It was also the last World Series to have home - field advantage determined by the All - Star Game results; since 2017, home - field advantage is awarded to the team with the better record.", "title": "2016 World Series" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Chris Fouch (born December 3, 1990) is an American basketball player who currently plays for BK Iskra Svit. He was named to the Second Team All-CAA following the 2013–14 season as a sixth-year senior, and was also named CAA Rookie of the Year in 2010 playing for Drexel University. Following his last season at Drexel, he ranked fifth on the school's career scoring list with 1,744 points.", "title": "Chris Fouch" } ]	Who did Asher Wojciechowski's team play in the world series last year?	Los Angeles Dodgers	[ "Robins", "LAD", "Brooklyn Robins", "Dodgers" ]	Title: English cricket team in Scotland in 2018 Passage: The England cricket team toured Scotland to play a One Day International (ODI) at The Grange Club, Edinburgh, on 10 June 2018. The match was followed by two Twenty20 Internationals (T20Is) against Pakistan on the same ground on 12 and 13 June. The last time the two teams played in an ODI against each other was in the 2015 Cricket World Cup, with England winning by 119 runs. In May 2018, Cricket Scotland named a provisional 24 - man squad for the matches against England and Pakistan. Title: World Series Passage: American League (AL) teams have won 65 of the 113 World Series played (57.5%). The New York Yankees have won 27 titles, accounting for 23.9% of all series played and 41.5% of the wins by American League teams. The St. Louis Cardinals have won 11 World Series, accounting for 9.7% of all series played and 23% of the 48 National League victories. Title: Extra innings Passage: Exactly two weeks later on October 23, 2005, the same Houston Astros team lost to the Chicago White Sox in the longest World Series game by time, Game 3 of the 2005 Series, played at Minute Maid Park, which lasted 5 hours 41 minutes, breaking the previous record of 4 hours 51 minutes in Game 1 of the 2000 World Series. It also shared the record for the longest World Series game by innings at 14, tied with Game 2 of the 1916 World Series, played on October 9, 1916 between the Brooklyn Robins and Boston Red Sox at Braves Field, and Game 1 of the 2015 World Series, played on October 27, 2015 between the New York Mets and Kansas City Royals at Kauffman Stadium. Title: 2016 World Series Passage: The 2016 World Series was the 112th edition of Major League Baseball's championship series, a best - of - seven playoff between the National League (NL) champion Chicago Cubs and the American League (AL) champion Cleveland Indians, the first meeting of those franchises in postseason history. The series was played between October 25 and November 2. The Indians had home - field advantage because the AL had won the 2016 All - Star Game. It was also the last World Series to have home - field advantage determined by the All - Star Game results; since 2017, home - field advantage is awarded to the team with the better record. Title: Major League Baseball schedule Passage: The Major League Baseball (MLB) season schedule consists of 162 games for each of the 30 teams in the American League (AL) and National League (NL), played over approximately six months -- a total of 2,430 games, plus the postseason. The regular season runs from late March / early April to late September / early October, followed by the postseason which can run to early November. The season begins with the official Opening Day, and, as of 2018, runs 261⁄2 weeks through the last Sunday of September or first Sunday of October. One or more International Opener games may be scheduled outside the United States before the official Opening Day. It is possible for a given team to play a maximum of 20 games in the postseason in a given year, provided the team is a wild card and advances to each of the Division Series, Championship Series, and World Series with each series going the distance (5 games in the Division Series, 7 games each in the League Championship Series / World Series). Title: Nadine Krause Passage: Nadine Krause (born 25 March 1982 in Waiblingen) is a former German handballer who last played for Bayer Leverkusen as a left back. She made her debut on the German A-Team in 1999, at the age of 17. She was top scorer at the 2005 World Championships, and was voted IHF World Player of the Year 2006. Title: Kozue Ando Passage: In June 1999, when Ando was 16 years old, she was elected Japan national team for 1999 FIFA Women's World Cup. At this competition, on June 26, she debuted against Norway. She played World Cup 4 times and Summer Olympics 3 times. She was a member of Japan, defeated the United States in a penalty shootout in the finals to win the 2011 World Cup. She was also part of the Japanese team which won the silver medal at the 2012 Summer Olympics and 2nd position at 2015 World Cup. At 2015 World Cup, first match against Switzerland, she got penalty kick, but she fractured her left ankle at the moment. This match became her last match at Japan national team. She played 126 games and scored 19 goals for Japan until 2015. Title: Chris Fouch Passage: Chris Fouch (born December 3, 1990) is an American basketball player who currently plays for BK Iskra Svit. He was named to the Second Team All-CAA following the 2013–14 season as a sixth-year senior, and was also named CAA Rookie of the Year in 2010 playing for Drexel University. Following his last season at Drexel, he ranked fifth on the school's career scoring list with 1,744 points. Title: 1995 Scotland rugby union tour of Zimbabwe Passage: The 1995 Scotland rugby union tour of Zimbabwe was a series of matches played in May and June 1995 in Zimbabwe by a selection of Scottish players. It was a "Development team", that visit Zimbabwe while the Scottish official team was playing the 1995 Rugby World Cup in South Africa. Title: 1903 World Series Passage: The 1903 World Series was the first modern World Series to be played in Major League Baseball. It matched the Boston Americans of the American League against the Pittsburgh Pirates of the National League in a best - of - nine series, with Boston prevailing five games to three, winning the last four. Title: 2016 World Series Passage: The 2016 World Series was the championship series of Major League Baseball's (MLB) 2016 season. The 112th edition of the World Series, it was a best - of - seven playoff between the National League (NL) champion Chicago Cubs and the American League (AL) champion Cleveland Indians, the first meeting of those franchises in postseason history. The series was played between October 25 and November 2. The Indians had home - field advantage because the AL had won the 2016 All - Star Game. It was also the last World Series to have home - field advantage determined by the All - Star Game results; since 2017, home - field advantage is awarded to the team with the better record. Title: Chicago Cubs Passage: The Cubs have appeared in a total of eleven World Series. The 1906 Cubs won 116 games, finishing 116 -- 36 and posting a modern - era record winning percentage of. 763, before losing the World Series to the Chicago White Sox (``The Hitless Wonders '') by four games to two. The Cubs won back - to - back World Series championships in 1907 and 1908, becoming the first major league team to play in three consecutive World Series, and the first to win it twice. Most recently, the Cubs won the 2016 National League Championship Series and 2016 World Series, which ended a 71 - year National League pennant drought and a 108 - year World Series championship drought, both of which are record droughts in Major League Baseball. The 108 - year drought was also the longest such occurrence in all major North American sports. Since the start of divisional play in 1969, the Cubs have appeared in the postseason eight times through the 2016 season. Title: Toronto Marlies Passage: The team is named after the former Toronto Marlboros, a junior hockey team that played in Toronto from 1904 to 1989, the last 62 years of that time under common ownership with the Leafs. The team was long known as the ``Marlies ''to fans and media alike. To avoid any potential association with the similarly named cigarette brand, MLSE uses the abbreviated form as the team's official nickname. Title: List of St. Louis Cardinals seasons Passage: The only extended period of failure the Cardinals have experienced began when they joined the National League in 1892. The Cardinals played only five winning seasons in 30 years while finishing last seven times from their entrance to the NL until 1921. However, the Cardinals have remarkably avoided such failure since then as they have not finished in last place in the National League since 1918, by far the longest streak in the NL. The Cardinals failed to reach the World Series in the 1950s, 1970s, and 1990s, but were regularly a competitive team in each of these decades. Title: 2017 World Series Passage: The 2017 World Series was the championship series of Major League Baseball's (MLB) 2017 season. The 113th edition of the World Series, it was played between October 24 and November 1. The series was a best - of - seven playoff between the National League (NL) champion Los Angeles Dodgers and the American League (AL) champion Houston Astros. It was sponsored by the Internet television service YouTube TV and officially known as the World Series presented by YouTube TV. Title: 2016 World Series Passage: The 2016 World Series was the championship series of Major League Baseball's (MLB) 2016 season. The 112th edition of the World Series, it was a best - of - seven playoff between the National League (NL) champion Chicago Cubs and the American League (AL) champion Cleveland Indians, the first meeting of those franchises in postseason history. The series was played between October 25 and November 3. The Indians had home - field advantage because the AL had won the 2016 All - Star Game. It was also the last World Series to have home - field advantage determined by the All - Star Game results; since 2017, home - field advantage is awarded to the team with the better record. Title: Billy Boat Motorsports Passage: Billy Boat Motorsports was an American professional stock car racing team that last competed in the NASCAR Xfinity Series, and the Camping World Truck Series. The team was owned by former IndyCar Series driver Billy Boat. Founded in 2014 and based in Mooresville, North Carolina, the team fielded the No. 84 CorvetteParts.net Chevrolet Camaro for Chad Boat part-time in the NASCAR Xfinity Series, and the No. 15 811 Call Before You Dig Chevrolet Silverado for Mason Mingus full-time in the NASCAR Camping World Truck Series. Title: Asher Wojciechowski Passage: Randall Asher Wojciechowski (born December 21, 1988) is an American professional baseball pitcher for the Baltimore Orioles of Major League Baseball (MLB). He has played in MLB for the Houston Astros and Cincinnati Reds. Title: Major League Baseball schedule Passage: The Major League Baseball (MLB) season schedule consists of 162 games for each of the 30 teams in the American League (AL) and National League (NL), played over approximately six months -- a total of 2,430 games, plus the postseason. The regular season typically runs from early April to late September, followed by the postseason in October. The season begins with the official Opening Day and runs 26 weeks through the last Sunday of September or first Sunday of October. One or more International Opener games may be scheduled outside the United States before the official Opening Day. It is possible for a given team to play a maximum of 20 games in the postseason in a given year, provided the team is a wild card and advances to each of the Division Series, Championship Series, and World Series with each series going the distance (5 games in the Division Series, 7 games in the League Championship Series / World Series). Title: 2015 World Series Passage: The 2015 World Series was the championship series of Major League Baseball's (MLB) 2015 season. The 111th edition of the World Series, it was a best - of - seven playoff between the National League (NL) champion New York Mets and the American League (AL) champion Kansas City Royals. The series was played between October 27 and November 1, with the Royals winning the series 4 games to 1. It was the first time since the 2010 World Series that the World Series extended into November. The Royals became the first team since the Oakland Athletics in the 1989 World Series to win the World Series after losing in the previous year. It was the first World Series to feature only expansion teams and the first since the 2007 World Series to not feature the Philadelphia Phillies, St. Louis Cardinals, or San Francisco Giants as the NL champions.	[ "Asher Wojciechowski", "2017 World Series" ]
2hop__173049_82027	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Taking Chances is the tenth English-language studio album by Canadian singer Celine Dion, released by Columbia Records on 7 November 2007. Dion returned to the music scene after almost five years of performing \"A New Day...\" in Las Vegas. She collaborated on \"Taking Chances\" with various rock, R&B and pop producers, including John Shanks, Linda Perry, ex-Evanescence members Ben Moody and David Hodges, Kristian Lundin, Ne-Yo, Chuck Harmony, Tricky Stewart, the Eurythmics' David A. Stewart, Kara DioGuardi, Emanuel Kiriakou, Anders Bagge, Peer Åström, Aldo Nova, Christopher Neil and Guy Roche. The album garnered mixed reviews from music critics, who noticed that \"not many chances were taken after all\".", "title": "Taking Chances" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Coming together in 1998, Mars Ill has released several albums and EPs through independent record labels and two albums on Gotee Records. Their success in the underground hip-hop movement in the early 2000s led to their performing at Scribble Jam in 2003 and 2004 and, ultimately, their signing to Gotee.", "title": "Mars Ill" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"All My Rowdy Friends Are Coming Over Tonight\" is a song written and recorded by American country music performer Hank Williams Jr. It was released in October 1984 as the second single from his album \"Major Moves\". It peaked at number ten on the country music charts. From 1989 to 2011 Williams performed a version of the song (reworked as \"All My Rowdy Friends Are Here on Monday Night\") as the opening theme to \"Monday Night Football\". The song was reinstated in 2017, with a new version by Williams Jr., Florida Georgia Line and Jason Derulo.", "title": "All My Rowdy Friends Are Coming Over Tonight" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The group reunited and began performing during 2007, with the release of their 'retrospective' album Exile on Mainstream, on October 2, 2007. ``How Far We've Come ''was the first single from the new album, which was followed by the second single,`` These Hard Times''. ``Exile on Mainstream ''included four other new songs and a complete collection of all eleven of their previously released singles. The album was also released in the new MVI (Music Video Interactive) format, which included two video interviews discussing the six new songs and eleven greatest hits, plus extras including a photo gallery, U-MYX (to remix`` How Far We've Come''), buddy icons and wallpapers. ``How Far We've Come ''was released on the band's MySpace page in July 2007, with the video released on September 6, 2007. Matchbox Twenty toured during early 2008 with Alanis Morissette and opener Mutemath. The band began their US tour on January 25, 2008, in Hollywood, FL, and concluded in Las Vegas, NV, on March 18, 2008 before heading to Australia and New Zealand, where the Australian band Thirsty Merc was the supporting act. Following Australia, Matchbox Twenty visited the UK for the first time in five years to play six concerts in Cardiff, Wembley, Birmingham, Glasgow, and Manchester. Matchbox Twenty performed at the 2008 NASCAR Sprint Cup award ceremony.", "title": "Matchbox Twenty" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Take Me to the Pilot\" is a rock song performed by British musician Elton John. The song was written by Bernie Taupin and composed by John for his eponymous second album in 1970.", "title": "Take Me to the Pilot" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "A Meeting of the Times is an album by jazz multi-instrumentalist Rahsaan Roland Kirk and vocalist Al Hibbler recorded in March 1972 in New York City. It features performances by Kirk and Hibbler with Hank Jones, Ron Carter and Grady Tate with an additional track recorded by Kirk with Leon Thomas, Lonnie Liston Smith, Major Holley and Charles Crosby from the sessions that produced \"Here Comes the Whistleman\" (1965).", "title": "A Meeting of the Times" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Seth Lakeman's fourth album, Poor Man's Heaven (not to be confused with the EP of the same name released in late 2007), was released on 30 June 2008, entering the UK Album Charts at number 8. Taking over 10 months to finalise, many of the tracks on the album have been part of Lakeman's live set since the second half of 2006, the initial tracks performed being 'Poor Man's Heaven' and 'Race to be King', but this expanded towards the end of the tour, with new tracks continuing to be previewed throughout 2007 and into 2008.", "title": "Poor Man's Heaven" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"In the End\" is a song by American rock band Linkin Park. It is the eighth track on their debut album \"Hybrid Theory\" (2000) and was released as the album's final single. \"In the End\" is one of Linkin Park's most recognizable and signature songs. It is the most played song in all of the band's live performances, with \"One Step Closer\" coming in close second.", "title": "In the End" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "\"Take You Down\" is a song recorded by American recording artist Chris Brown for his second studio album, \"Exclusive\" (2007). The song was written by Brown, Harvey Mason, Jr., Damon Thomas, Steve Russell, James Fauntleroy and Lamar Edwards, while production was helmed by Edwards and The Underdogs. The song was released as the album's fourth single on April 6, 2008 in the United States. \"Take You Down\" is composed as slow R&B ballad with the lyrics base on sexual intercourse. The song garnered Brown a Grammy nomination in the category Best Male R&B Vocal Performance.", "title": "Take You Down" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Jesse\" is a song written and performed by Carly Simon and produced by Mike Mainieri. The song was the lead single from Simon's ninth studio album, \"Come Upstairs\".", "title": "Jesse (Carly Simon song)" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "La Vie de Bohème is a studio album released by jazz pianist Dave Burrell. The album is Burrell's take on the operatic adaptation of La Vie de Bohème by Giacomo Puccini, titled \"La bohème\". The album has been called \"a fine example of the similarities between the free jazz and classical worlds.\" Though this is not a straight performance of the opera, each of the acts are represented with \"a great deal of improvisation.\"", "title": "La Vie de Bohème (album)" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Lou Takes Off is an album by jazz saxophonist Lou Donaldson recorded for the Blue Note label and performed by a sextet also featuring Donald Byrd, Curtis Fuller, Sonny Clark, Jamil Nasser, and Art Taylor. The album was awarded 4½ stars by Lee Bloom in an Allmusic review which stated \"This recording marks a period in his development prior to a stylistic shift away from bop and toward a stronger rhythm and blues emphasis... Overall, \"Lou Takes Off\" breaks no new musical ground, but it is a solid, swinging session of high-caliber playing. According to Donaldson, Blue Note initially didn't like any of the album, \"the conga drums or the new musicians.\"", "title": "Lou Takes Off" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Poet II is the fourteenth studio album by American musician Bobby Womack. The album was released in 1984, by Beverly Glen Music. The album features three duets with fellow soul legend Patti LaBelle, including the top three R&B charted ballad, \"Love Has Finally Come At Last\", and the more modest follow-up, \"It Takes a Lot of Strength to Say Goodbye\". It also includes the top 75 UK dance hit, \"Tell Me Why\". The UK music magazine \"NME\" named it the best album of 1984.", "title": "The Poet II" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Trouble Doll (The Disappointing 3rd LP) is the third album by B.A.L.L., released in 1989 through Shimmy Disc. The first half is a studio album that contains new material, while the second half contain a live performance recorded at CBGB in New York City.", "title": "Trouble Doll (The Disappointing 3rd LP)" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``Come Back When You Grow Up ''is a song written by Martha Sharp and performed by Bobby Vee and The Strangers. The song was a comeback for the 24 year - old Vee, and it reached # 3 on the Billboard Hot 100 in 1967. The song appeared on his 1967 album, Come Back When You Grow Up.", "title": "Come Back When You Grow Up" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "They're Coming to Take Me Away, Ha - Haaa! is a 1966 novelty record written and performed by Jerry Samuels (billed as Napoleon XIV), and released on Warner Bros. Records. The song became an instant success in the United States, peaking at No. 3 on the Billboard Hot 100 popular music singles chart on August 13 and reaching No. 4 on the UK Singles Chart.", "title": "They're Coming to Take Me Away, Ha-Haaa!" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Jesus at the Center: Live is a contemporary worship live album recorded and performed by Israel & New Breed. The album is released by Integrity Media and Columbia Records. The album was recorded live at Lakewood Church in early February 2012.", "title": "Jesus at the Center: Live" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "An album entitled Take Me Out to a Cubs Game was released in 2008. It is a collection of 17 songs and other recordings related to the team, including Harry Caray's final performance of \"Take Me Out to the Ball Game\" on September 21, 1997, the Steve Goodman song mentioned above, and a newly recorded rendition of \"Talkin' Baseball\" (subtitled \"Baseball and the Cubs\") by Terry Cashman. The album was produced in celebration of the 100th anniversary of the Cubs' 1908 World Series victory and contains sounds and songs of the Cubs and Wrigley Field.", "title": "Chicago Cubs" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "SPY Records closed in 1980. John Cale then released three albums on ZE Records: \"Music For A New Society\" (1982), \"Caribbean Sunset\" (1983) and \"Comes Alive\" (1984).", "title": "SPY Records" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Heartbreak on a Full Moon is the eighth studio album by American singer Chris Brown. The album is a double - disc, and was released on digital platforms on October 31, 2017 and has a physical release of November 3, 2017 by RCA Records.", "title": "Heartbreak on a Full Moon" } ]	When is the new album by the performer of Take You Down coming out?	October 31, 2017	[]	Title: Take Me to the Pilot Passage: "Take Me to the Pilot" is a rock song performed by British musician Elton John. The song was written by Bernie Taupin and composed by John for his eponymous second album in 1970. Title: Jesse (Carly Simon song) Passage: "Jesse" is a song written and performed by Carly Simon and produced by Mike Mainieri. The song was the lead single from Simon's ninth studio album, "Come Upstairs". Title: Mars Ill Passage: Coming together in 1998, Mars Ill has released several albums and EPs through independent record labels and two albums on Gotee Records. Their success in the underground hip-hop movement in the early 2000s led to their performing at Scribble Jam in 2003 and 2004 and, ultimately, their signing to Gotee. Title: Trouble Doll (The Disappointing 3rd LP) Passage: Trouble Doll (The Disappointing 3rd LP) is the third album by B.A.L.L., released in 1989 through Shimmy Disc. The first half is a studio album that contains new material, while the second half contain a live performance recorded at CBGB in New York City. Title: Poor Man's Heaven Passage: Seth Lakeman's fourth album, Poor Man's Heaven (not to be confused with the EP of the same name released in late 2007), was released on 30 June 2008, entering the UK Album Charts at number 8. Taking over 10 months to finalise, many of the tracks on the album have been part of Lakeman's live set since the second half of 2006, the initial tracks performed being 'Poor Man's Heaven' and 'Race to be King', but this expanded towards the end of the tour, with new tracks continuing to be previewed throughout 2007 and into 2008. Title: All My Rowdy Friends Are Coming Over Tonight Passage: "All My Rowdy Friends Are Coming Over Tonight" is a song written and recorded by American country music performer Hank Williams Jr. It was released in October 1984 as the second single from his album "Major Moves". It peaked at number ten on the country music charts. From 1989 to 2011 Williams performed a version of the song (reworked as "All My Rowdy Friends Are Here on Monday Night") as the opening theme to "Monday Night Football". The song was reinstated in 2017, with a new version by Williams Jr., Florida Georgia Line and Jason Derulo. Title: SPY Records Passage: SPY Records closed in 1980. John Cale then released three albums on ZE Records: "Music For A New Society" (1982), "Caribbean Sunset" (1983) and "Comes Alive" (1984). Title: Lou Takes Off Passage: Lou Takes Off is an album by jazz saxophonist Lou Donaldson recorded for the Blue Note label and performed by a sextet also featuring Donald Byrd, Curtis Fuller, Sonny Clark, Jamil Nasser, and Art Taylor. The album was awarded 4½ stars by Lee Bloom in an Allmusic review which stated "This recording marks a period in his development prior to a stylistic shift away from bop and toward a stronger rhythm and blues emphasis... Overall, "Lou Takes Off" breaks no new musical ground, but it is a solid, swinging session of high-caliber playing. According to Donaldson, Blue Note initially didn't like any of the album, "the conga drums or the new musicians." Title: Heartbreak on a Full Moon Passage: Heartbreak on a Full Moon is the eighth studio album by American singer Chris Brown. The album is a double - disc, and was released on digital platforms on October 31, 2017 and has a physical release of November 3, 2017 by RCA Records. Title: In the End Passage: "In the End" is a song by American rock band Linkin Park. It is the eighth track on their debut album "Hybrid Theory" (2000) and was released as the album's final single. "In the End" is one of Linkin Park's most recognizable and signature songs. It is the most played song in all of the band's live performances, with "One Step Closer" coming in close second. Title: They're Coming to Take Me Away, Ha-Haaa! Passage: They're Coming to Take Me Away, Ha - Haaa! is a 1966 novelty record written and performed by Jerry Samuels (billed as Napoleon XIV), and released on Warner Bros. Records. The song became an instant success in the United States, peaking at No. 3 on the Billboard Hot 100 popular music singles chart on August 13 and reaching No. 4 on the UK Singles Chart. Title: La Vie de Bohème (album) Passage: La Vie de Bohème is a studio album released by jazz pianist Dave Burrell. The album is Burrell's take on the operatic adaptation of La Vie de Bohème by Giacomo Puccini, titled "La bohème". The album has been called "a fine example of the similarities between the free jazz and classical worlds." Though this is not a straight performance of the opera, each of the acts are represented with "a great deal of improvisation." Title: A Meeting of the Times Passage: A Meeting of the Times is an album by jazz multi-instrumentalist Rahsaan Roland Kirk and vocalist Al Hibbler recorded in March 1972 in New York City. It features performances by Kirk and Hibbler with Hank Jones, Ron Carter and Grady Tate with an additional track recorded by Kirk with Leon Thomas, Lonnie Liston Smith, Major Holley and Charles Crosby from the sessions that produced "Here Comes the Whistleman" (1965). Title: The Poet II Passage: The Poet II is the fourteenth studio album by American musician Bobby Womack. The album was released in 1984, by Beverly Glen Music. The album features three duets with fellow soul legend Patti LaBelle, including the top three R&B charted ballad, "Love Has Finally Come At Last", and the more modest follow-up, "It Takes a Lot of Strength to Say Goodbye". It also includes the top 75 UK dance hit, "Tell Me Why". The UK music magazine "NME" named it the best album of 1984. Title: Come Back When You Grow Up Passage: ``Come Back When You Grow Up ''is a song written by Martha Sharp and performed by Bobby Vee and The Strangers. The song was a comeback for the 24 year - old Vee, and it reached # 3 on the Billboard Hot 100 in 1967. The song appeared on his 1967 album, Come Back When You Grow Up. Title: Taking Chances Passage: Taking Chances is the tenth English-language studio album by Canadian singer Celine Dion, released by Columbia Records on 7 November 2007. Dion returned to the music scene after almost five years of performing "A New Day..." in Las Vegas. She collaborated on "Taking Chances" with various rock, R&B and pop producers, including John Shanks, Linda Perry, ex-Evanescence members Ben Moody and David Hodges, Kristian Lundin, Ne-Yo, Chuck Harmony, Tricky Stewart, the Eurythmics' David A. Stewart, Kara DioGuardi, Emanuel Kiriakou, Anders Bagge, Peer Åström, Aldo Nova, Christopher Neil and Guy Roche. The album garnered mixed reviews from music critics, who noticed that "not many chances were taken after all". Title: Matchbox Twenty Passage: The group reunited and began performing during 2007, with the release of their 'retrospective' album Exile on Mainstream, on October 2, 2007. ``How Far We've Come ''was the first single from the new album, which was followed by the second single,`` These Hard Times''. ``Exile on Mainstream ''included four other new songs and a complete collection of all eleven of their previously released singles. The album was also released in the new MVI (Music Video Interactive) format, which included two video interviews discussing the six new songs and eleven greatest hits, plus extras including a photo gallery, U-MYX (to remix`` How Far We've Come''), buddy icons and wallpapers. ``How Far We've Come ''was released on the band's MySpace page in July 2007, with the video released on September 6, 2007. Matchbox Twenty toured during early 2008 with Alanis Morissette and opener Mutemath. The band began their US tour on January 25, 2008, in Hollywood, FL, and concluded in Las Vegas, NV, on March 18, 2008 before heading to Australia and New Zealand, where the Australian band Thirsty Merc was the supporting act. Following Australia, Matchbox Twenty visited the UK for the first time in five years to play six concerts in Cardiff, Wembley, Birmingham, Glasgow, and Manchester. Matchbox Twenty performed at the 2008 NASCAR Sprint Cup award ceremony. Title: Take You Down Passage: "Take You Down" is a song recorded by American recording artist Chris Brown for his second studio album, "Exclusive" (2007). The song was written by Brown, Harvey Mason, Jr., Damon Thomas, Steve Russell, James Fauntleroy and Lamar Edwards, while production was helmed by Edwards and The Underdogs. The song was released as the album's fourth single on April 6, 2008 in the United States. "Take You Down" is composed as slow R&B ballad with the lyrics base on sexual intercourse. The song garnered Brown a Grammy nomination in the category Best Male R&B Vocal Performance. Title: Chicago Cubs Passage: An album entitled Take Me Out to a Cubs Game was released in 2008. It is a collection of 17 songs and other recordings related to the team, including Harry Caray's final performance of "Take Me Out to the Ball Game" on September 21, 1997, the Steve Goodman song mentioned above, and a newly recorded rendition of "Talkin' Baseball" (subtitled "Baseball and the Cubs") by Terry Cashman. The album was produced in celebration of the 100th anniversary of the Cubs' 1908 World Series victory and contains sounds and songs of the Cubs and Wrigley Field. Title: Jesus at the Center: Live Passage: Jesus at the Center: Live is a contemporary worship live album recorded and performed by Israel & New Breed. The album is released by Integrity Media and Columbia Records. The album was recorded live at Lakewood Church in early February 2012.	[ "Take You Down", "Heartbreak on a Full Moon" ]
2hop__108893_306274	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "David Lauren (born October 31, 1971) is the middle child and youngest son of clothing designer Ralph Lauren. His siblings are Dylan and Andrew Lauren.", "title": "David Lauren" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "François van der Merwe is a South African professional rugby union player. He plays at lock for Lyon Olympique in the Top 14. He is older brother of Flip van der Merwe", "title": "François van der Merwe" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Bram van der Stok, (13 October 1915 – 8 February 1993), also known as Bob van der Stok, was a World War II fighter pilot and flying ace, and is the most decorated aviator in Dutch history.", "title": "Bram van der Stok" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Wilhelm van der Vyver (born 22 September 1989 in Grabouw) is a South African sprinter who specializes in the 100 metres.", "title": "Wilhelm van der Vyver" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Death of the Virgin is an oil on oak panel by the Flemish painter Hugo van der Goes. Completed c 1472–80, it shows the Virgin Mary on her deathbed surrounded by the Twelve Apostles. The scene is borrowed from Jacobus de Voragine's thirteenth-century \"Legenda aurea\" which relates how the apostles were brought, at Mary's request, on clouds by angels to a house near Mount Zion to be with her in her final three days. On the third day Jesus appeared above her bed in a halo of light surrounded by angels to accept her soul at the point when his name was finally mentioned. Three days later he reappeared to accept her body.", "title": "Death of the Virgin (van der Goes)" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Dirk van der Aa (1731 – 23 February 1809) was a Dutch rococo painter who is best known for his allegorical work.", "title": "Dirk van der Aa" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Justinus Jacob Leonard van der Brugghen (6 August 1804, in Nijmegen – 2 October 1863, in Ubbergen) was a Dutch politician.", "title": "Justinus van der Brugghen" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Barcelona chair is a chair designed by Ludwig Mies van der Rohe and Lilly Reich. It was originally designed for the German Pavilion, that country's entry for the International Exposition of 1929, which was hosted by Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. It was first used in Villa Tugendhat, a World Heritage Site designed by Mies van der Rohe in the city of Brno (Czech Republic).", "title": "Barcelona chair" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "A Grounding in Numbers is the eleventh studio album by the British rock group Van der Graaf Generator. It was released on 14 March 2011. This date, if written as 3,14, comprises the first three digits of the number π. The second track, \"Mathematics\", refers to Euler's identity, sometimes known as the mathematical poem. The album's release signals a continuation in the direction set by the current trio lineup, but it is released on a new label, Esoteric Recordings, a departure from previous releases on Virgin/Charisma. Hugh Padgham is the mixer of the album.", "title": "A Grounding in Numbers" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "George William Weidler was one of six children born to the architect Alfred Weidler (1886–1966) and opera singer Margarete Therese Louisa (née Radon). The first four siblings (Waldtraud, Verena, Werther, and Wolfgang) were born in Germany. The eldest sibling, Waldtraud (later known as Sylvia) and the youngest sibling, Virginia, were both child film actresses. And one of his three brothers, Warner (born Werner Alfred Weidler), was a composer.", "title": "George William Weidler" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Pitti Tondo is a marble bas-relief of the Virgin and Child by Michelangelo. It was produced between 1503 and 1504 and is now in the Museo nazionale del Bargello in Florence.", "title": "Pitti Tondo" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Just Judges or The Righteous Judges is the lower left panel of the \"Ghent Altarpiece\", painted by Jan van Eyck or his brother Hubert Van Eyck between 1430–32. It is believed that the panel shows portraits of several contemporary figures such as Philip the Good, and possibly the artists Hubert and Jan van Eyck themselves. The panel was stolen in 1934 and has never been found.", "title": "The Just Judges" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Marriage Portrait of Isaac Massa and Beatrix van der Laen is a painting by the Dutch Golden Age painter Frans Hals, painted in 1622 and now in the Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam. The couple has been identified as Isaac Massa and his bride Beatrix van der Laen.", "title": "Marriage Portrait of Isaac Massa and Beatrix van der Laen" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Jan van der Elburcht (1500 – 1571) was an early Dutch painter. His name is derived from Elburg, his town of birth.", "title": "Jan van der Elburcht" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Vision of the Blessed Hermann Joseph or The Mystical Engagement of the Blessed Hermann Joseph to the Virgin Mary is a 1629-30 painting by the Flemish Baroque painter Anthony van Dyck.", "title": "The Vision of the Blessed Hermann Joseph" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Raven's Home is an American family sitcom television series developed by Jed Elinoff and Scott Thomas that premiered on Disney Channel on July 21, 2017. The series stars Raven - Symoné, Issac Ryan Brown, Navia Robinson, Jason Maybaum, Sky Katz, and Anneliese van der Pol.", "title": "Raven's Home" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Virgin and Child with Canon van der Paele is a large oil-on-oak panel painting completed around 1434–36 by the Early Netherlandish painter Jan van Eyck. It shows the painting's donor, Joris van der Paele, within an apparition of saints. The Virgin Mary is enthroned at the centre of the semicircular space, which most likely represents a church interior, with the Christ Child on her lap. St. Donatian stands to her right, Saint George — the donor's name saint — to her left. The panel was commissioned by van der Paele as an altarpiece. He was then a wealthy clergyman from Bruges, but elderly and gravely ill, and intended the work as his memorial.", "title": "Virgin and Child with Canon van der Paele" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Chuck Bass Gossip Girl character Ed Westwick as Charles Bass First appearance Novel: Gossip Girl Television: ``Pilot ''(episode 1.01) Last appearance Novel: I Will Always Love You Television:`` New York, I Love You XOXO'' (episode 6.10) Created by Character Cecily von Ziegesar Developed for Television Josh Schwartz Stephanie Savage Portrayed by Ed Westwick Information Full name Charles Bartholomew Bass Nickname (s) Chuck (by everyone except Lily) Aliases Television: Henry Prince Occupation Television: Entrepreneur High school student (at St. Jude's; graduated) Title Television: CEO of Bass Industries Family Television: Bartholomew ``Bart ''Bass (father; deceased) Elizabeth Fisher (mother; alias: Evelyn Bass) Lillian`` Lily'' van der Woodsen (adoptive mother; née Rhodes) Serena van der Woodsen (adoptive sister) Eric van der Woodsen (adoptive brother) Spouse (s) Television: Blair Waldorf (wife) Children Television: Henry Bass (with Blair; flash - forward)", "title": "Chuck Bass" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Adriaen van der Werff (21 January 1659 – 12 November 1722) was an accomplished Dutch painter of portraits and erotic, devotional and mythological scenes. His brother, Pieter van der Werff (1661–1722), was his principal pupil and assistant.", "title": "Adriaen van der Werff" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Kingfisher Caper (released as Diamond Hunters in South Africa and as Diamond Lust on video) is a 1975 South African film directed by Dirk DeVilliers for Kavalier Films Ltd. It stars Hayley Mills (as Tracey van der Byl), David McCallum (Benedict van der Byl), Jon Cypher (Johnny Lance), Volente Bertotti (Ruby Lance), Barry Trengove (Cappy) and Bill McNaught (Hendrich van der Byl).", "title": "The Kingfisher Caper" } ]	Who is the sibling of the person who developed Virgin and Child with Canon van der Paele?	Hubert Van Eyck	[ "Hubert van Eyck" ]	Title: Justinus van der Brugghen Passage: Justinus Jacob Leonard van der Brugghen (6 August 1804, in Nijmegen – 2 October 1863, in Ubbergen) was a Dutch politician. Title: Virgin and Child with Canon van der Paele Passage: The Virgin and Child with Canon van der Paele is a large oil-on-oak panel painting completed around 1434–36 by the Early Netherlandish painter Jan van Eyck. It shows the painting's donor, Joris van der Paele, within an apparition of saints. The Virgin Mary is enthroned at the centre of the semicircular space, which most likely represents a church interior, with the Christ Child on her lap. St. Donatian stands to her right, Saint George — the donor's name saint — to her left. The panel was commissioned by van der Paele as an altarpiece. He was then a wealthy clergyman from Bruges, but elderly and gravely ill, and intended the work as his memorial. Title: Adriaen van der Werff Passage: Adriaen van der Werff (21 January 1659 – 12 November 1722) was an accomplished Dutch painter of portraits and erotic, devotional and mythological scenes. His brother, Pieter van der Werff (1661–1722), was his principal pupil and assistant. Title: Dirk van der Aa Passage: Dirk van der Aa (1731 – 23 February 1809) was a Dutch rococo painter who is best known for his allegorical work. Title: Marriage Portrait of Isaac Massa and Beatrix van der Laen Passage: Marriage Portrait of Isaac Massa and Beatrix van der Laen is a painting by the Dutch Golden Age painter Frans Hals, painted in 1622 and now in the Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam. The couple has been identified as Isaac Massa and his bride Beatrix van der Laen. Title: The Vision of the Blessed Hermann Joseph Passage: The Vision of the Blessed Hermann Joseph or The Mystical Engagement of the Blessed Hermann Joseph to the Virgin Mary is a 1629-30 painting by the Flemish Baroque painter Anthony van Dyck. Title: Pitti Tondo Passage: Pitti Tondo is a marble bas-relief of the Virgin and Child by Michelangelo. It was produced between 1503 and 1504 and is now in the Museo nazionale del Bargello in Florence. Title: The Kingfisher Caper Passage: The Kingfisher Caper (released as Diamond Hunters in South Africa and as Diamond Lust on video) is a 1975 South African film directed by Dirk DeVilliers for Kavalier Films Ltd. It stars Hayley Mills (as Tracey van der Byl), David McCallum (Benedict van der Byl), Jon Cypher (Johnny Lance), Volente Bertotti (Ruby Lance), Barry Trengove (Cappy) and Bill McNaught (Hendrich van der Byl). Title: The Just Judges Passage: The Just Judges or The Righteous Judges is the lower left panel of the "Ghent Altarpiece", painted by Jan van Eyck or his brother Hubert Van Eyck between 1430–32. It is believed that the panel shows portraits of several contemporary figures such as Philip the Good, and possibly the artists Hubert and Jan van Eyck themselves. The panel was stolen in 1934 and has never been found. Title: A Grounding in Numbers Passage: A Grounding in Numbers is the eleventh studio album by the British rock group Van der Graaf Generator. It was released on 14 March 2011. This date, if written as 3,14, comprises the first three digits of the number π. The second track, "Mathematics", refers to Euler's identity, sometimes known as the mathematical poem. The album's release signals a continuation in the direction set by the current trio lineup, but it is released on a new label, Esoteric Recordings, a departure from previous releases on Virgin/Charisma. Hugh Padgham is the mixer of the album. Title: Raven's Home Passage: Raven's Home is an American family sitcom television series developed by Jed Elinoff and Scott Thomas that premiered on Disney Channel on July 21, 2017. The series stars Raven - Symoné, Issac Ryan Brown, Navia Robinson, Jason Maybaum, Sky Katz, and Anneliese van der Pol. Title: Death of the Virgin (van der Goes) Passage: The Death of the Virgin is an oil on oak panel by the Flemish painter Hugo van der Goes. Completed c 1472–80, it shows the Virgin Mary on her deathbed surrounded by the Twelve Apostles. The scene is borrowed from Jacobus de Voragine's thirteenth-century "Legenda aurea" which relates how the apostles were brought, at Mary's request, on clouds by angels to a house near Mount Zion to be with her in her final three days. On the third day Jesus appeared above her bed in a halo of light surrounded by angels to accept her soul at the point when his name was finally mentioned. Three days later he reappeared to accept her body. Title: Jan van der Elburcht Passage: Jan van der Elburcht (1500 – 1571) was an early Dutch painter. His name is derived from Elburg, his town of birth. Title: David Lauren Passage: David Lauren (born October 31, 1971) is the middle child and youngest son of clothing designer Ralph Lauren. His siblings are Dylan and Andrew Lauren. Title: Chuck Bass Passage: Chuck Bass Gossip Girl character Ed Westwick as Charles Bass First appearance Novel: Gossip Girl Television: ``Pilot ''(episode 1.01) Last appearance Novel: I Will Always Love You Television:`` New York, I Love You XOXO'' (episode 6.10) Created by Character Cecily von Ziegesar Developed for Television Josh Schwartz Stephanie Savage Portrayed by Ed Westwick Information Full name Charles Bartholomew Bass Nickname (s) Chuck (by everyone except Lily) Aliases Television: Henry Prince Occupation Television: Entrepreneur High school student (at St. Jude's; graduated) Title Television: CEO of Bass Industries Family Television: Bartholomew ``Bart ''Bass (father; deceased) Elizabeth Fisher (mother; alias: Evelyn Bass) Lillian`` Lily'' van der Woodsen (adoptive mother; née Rhodes) Serena van der Woodsen (adoptive sister) Eric van der Woodsen (adoptive brother) Spouse (s) Television: Blair Waldorf (wife) Children Television: Henry Bass (with Blair; flash - forward) Title: François van der Merwe Passage: François van der Merwe is a South African professional rugby union player. He plays at lock for Lyon Olympique in the Top 14. He is older brother of Flip van der Merwe Title: George William Weidler Passage: George William Weidler was one of six children born to the architect Alfred Weidler (1886–1966) and opera singer Margarete Therese Louisa (née Radon). The first four siblings (Waldtraud, Verena, Werther, and Wolfgang) were born in Germany. The eldest sibling, Waldtraud (later known as Sylvia) and the youngest sibling, Virginia, were both child film actresses. And one of his three brothers, Warner (born Werner Alfred Weidler), was a composer. Title: Barcelona chair Passage: The Barcelona chair is a chair designed by Ludwig Mies van der Rohe and Lilly Reich. It was originally designed for the German Pavilion, that country's entry for the International Exposition of 1929, which was hosted by Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. It was first used in Villa Tugendhat, a World Heritage Site designed by Mies van der Rohe in the city of Brno (Czech Republic). Title: Bram van der Stok Passage: Bram van der Stok, (13 October 1915 – 8 February 1993), also known as Bob van der Stok, was a World War II fighter pilot and flying ace, and is the most decorated aviator in Dutch history. Title: Wilhelm van der Vyver Passage: Wilhelm van der Vyver (born 22 September 1989 in Grabouw) is a South African sprinter who specializes in the 100 metres.	[ "The Just Judges", "Virgin and Child with Canon van der Paele" ]
3hop1__91230_517267_451901	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Goodings Grove was a census-designated place in northern Will County, Illinois, United States. The population was 17,084 at the 2000 census. It ceased to exist as an entity upon the incorporation of the village of Homer Glen, Illinois in 2001.", "title": "Goodings Grove, Illinois" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Island Grove is an unincorporated community in Grove Township, Jasper County, Illinois, United States. Island Grove is located on County Route 12, north-northwest of Wheeler.", "title": "Island Grove, Jasper County, Illinois" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The season follows the characters dealing with the aftermath of the season eight plane crash that claimed the life of Lexie Grey (Chyler Leigh) and upon rescue Mark Sloan (Eric Dane), who dies after sustaining injuries from the crash. Derek Shepherd (Patrick Dempsey) finds his surgical career in doubt after badly damaging his hand but Callie Torres (Sara Ramirez) ultimately manages to save his hand. The show's protagonist Meredith Grey (Ellen Pompeo) deals with the loss of her half - sister Lexie and later discovers that she is pregnant. Cristina Yang (Sandra Oh) who is severely traumatized upon rescue and later decides to take up her fellowship in Minnesota. Arizona Robbins (Jessica Capshaw) another survivor of the plane crash upon return realizes that her leg has to be amputated to save her life, reacts badly to this, becoming bitter and blaming her wife Callie and her former friend Alex Karev (Justin Chambers). To prevent the doctors' court case from being thrown out, Owen Hunt (Kevin McKidd) decides to divorce Yang, but the two agree to start again. The hospital itself becomes liable for the crash, putting its future in extreme doubt prompting the four crash survivors and Torres to purchase the hospital. Miranda Bailey (Chandra Wilson) marries her partner Ben Warren (Jason George), April Kepner (Sarah Drew) returns home to Ohio, but is brought back by Hunt to rejoin the hospital and she restarts her relationship with Jackson Avery (Jesse Williams).", "title": "Grey's Anatomy (season 9)" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Walnut Shade is an unincorporated community in Taney County, Missouri, United States. It is located approximately six miles northwest of Forsyth on U.S. Route 160. The town sits at the confluence of Bull and Bear Creeks. Walnut Shade is part of the Branson, Missouri Micropolitan Statistical Area.", "title": "Walnut Shade, Missouri" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Redwood County Poor Farm (or Poorhouse) was a county run institution serving impoverished and aged people in Redwood Falls, Minnesota, United States, from 1884 to 1889 and again from 1909 to 1967, when it was converted to a nursing home.", "title": "Redwood County Poor Farm" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Olsztyn Voivodeship () was an administrative division and unit of local government in Poland in the years 1945-75, and a new territorial division between 1975–1998, superseded by Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship. Its capital city was Olsztyn.", "title": "Olsztyn Voivodeship" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Orroral River, a perennial stream of the Murrumbidgee catchment within the Murray-Darling basin, is located in the Australian Capital Territory, Australia.", "title": "Orroral River" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Gudgenby River, a perennial river that is part of the Murrumbidgee catchment within the Murray-Darling basin, is located in the Australian Capital Territory, Australia.", "title": "Gudgenby River" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Walnut Grove, Minnesota City U.S. Post Office, First State Bank Building, and water tower in Walnut Grove Location of Walnut Grove, Minnesota Coordinates: 44 ° 13 ′ 25 ''N 95 ° 28 ′ 8'' W / 44.22361 ° N 95.46889 ° W / 44.22361; - 95.46889 Coordinates: 44 ° 13 ′ 25 ''N 95 ° 28 ′ 8'' W / 44.22361 ° N 95.46889 ° W / 44.22361; - 95.46889 Country United States State Minnesota County Redwood Founded 1874 Incorporated 1879 Area Total 1.06 sq mi (2.75 km) Land 1.06 sq mi (2.75 km) Water 0 sq mi (0 km) Elevation 1,217 ft (371 m) Population (2010) Total 871 Estimate (2016) 813 Density 820 / sq mi (320 / km) Time zone Central (CST) (UTC - 6) Summer (DST) CDT (UTC - 5) ZIP code 56180 Area code (s) 507 FIPS code 27 - 67846 GNIS feature ID 0653743", "title": "Walnut Grove, Minnesota" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Inver Grove Heights is a city in Dakota County, Minnesota, United States. The population was 33,880 at the 2010 census. The city was formed on March 9, 1965, with the merger of the village of Inver Grove and Inver Grove Township.", "title": "Inver Grove Heights, Minnesota" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Baranya (, , / \"Baranja\", ) was an administrative county (comitatus) of the Kingdom of Hungary. Its territory is now in southern Hungary (the present county Baranya) and northeastern Croatia (part of the Osijek-Baranja county). The capital of the county was Pécs.", "title": "Baranya County (former)" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "While mentioned in passing throughout later seasons, Burke officially returns in the tenth season in order to conclude Cristina Yang's departure from the series.", "title": "Preston Burke" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok was an administrative county (comitatus) in the Kingdom of Hungary. Its territory, which is now in central Hungary, was slightly smaller than that of present Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok county. The capital of the county was Szolnok.", "title": "Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok County (former)" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Federal Capital Territory (FCT) was formed from New South Wales in 1911 to provide a location for the proposed new federal capital of Canberra (Melbourne was the seat of government from 1901 to 1927). The FCT was renamed the Australian Capital Territory (ACT) in 1938. The Northern Territory was transferred from the control of the South Australian government to the Commonwealth in 1911.", "title": "History of Australia" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Walnut Grove is a census-designated place (CDP) in Clark County, Washington, United States. The population was 9,790 at the 2010 census, up from 7,164 at the 2000 census.", "title": "Walnut Grove, Washington" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Walnut Grove is a city in Redwood County, Minnesota, United States. The population was 871 at the 2010 census. Another name formerly associated with the area is Walnut Station.", "title": "Walnut Grove, Minnesota" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Biblioteca Ayacucho (\"Ayacucho Library\") is an editorial entity of the government of Venezuela, founded on September 10, 1974. It is managed by the \"Fundación Biblioteca Ayacucho\". Its name, \"Ayacucho\", comes from the intention to honor the definitive and crucial Battle of Ayacucho that took place December 9, 1824 between Spain and the territories of the Americas, prior to the full independence of the continent.", "title": "Biblioteca Ayacucho" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Tatra County () is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Lesser Poland Voivodeship, southern Poland, on the Slovak border. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and only town is Zakopane, which lies south of the regional capital Kraków. The county takes its name from the Tatra mountain range, which covers most of its territory.", "title": "Tatra County" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Braddon (postcode: 2612) is an inner north suburb of Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia located adjacent to the Canberra CBD.", "title": "Braddon, Australian Capital Territory" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Bogotá (/ ˈboʊɡətɑː /, / ˌbɒɡəˈtɑː /, / ˌboʊ - /; Spanish pronunciation: (boɣoˈta) (listen)), officially Bogotá, Distrito Capital, abbreviated Bogotá, D.C., and formerly known as Santafé de Bogotá between 1991 and 2000, is the capital and largest city of Colombia, administered as the Capital District, although often thought of as part of Cundinamarca. Bogotá is a territorial entity of the first order, with the same administrative status as the departments of Colombia. It is the political, economic, administrative, industrial, artistic, cultural, and sports center of the country.", "title": "Bogotá" } ]	What is the seat of the county in which Walnut Grove, a city in the state where Christina Yang goes in season 9, is located?	Redwood Falls	[ "Redwood Falls, Minnesota" ]	Title: Walnut Grove, Washington Passage: Walnut Grove is a census-designated place (CDP) in Clark County, Washington, United States. The population was 9,790 at the 2010 census, up from 7,164 at the 2000 census. Title: Biblioteca Ayacucho Passage: The Biblioteca Ayacucho ("Ayacucho Library") is an editorial entity of the government of Venezuela, founded on September 10, 1974. It is managed by the "Fundación Biblioteca Ayacucho". Its name, "Ayacucho", comes from the intention to honor the definitive and crucial Battle of Ayacucho that took place December 9, 1824 between Spain and the territories of the Americas, prior to the full independence of the continent. Title: Orroral River Passage: Orroral River, a perennial stream of the Murrumbidgee catchment within the Murray-Darling basin, is located in the Australian Capital Territory, Australia. Title: Olsztyn Voivodeship Passage: Olsztyn Voivodeship () was an administrative division and unit of local government in Poland in the years 1945-75, and a new territorial division between 1975–1998, superseded by Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship. Its capital city was Olsztyn. Title: Tatra County Passage: Tatra County () is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Lesser Poland Voivodeship, southern Poland, on the Slovak border. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and only town is Zakopane, which lies south of the regional capital Kraków. The county takes its name from the Tatra mountain range, which covers most of its territory. Title: Gudgenby River Passage: The Gudgenby River, a perennial river that is part of the Murrumbidgee catchment within the Murray-Darling basin, is located in the Australian Capital Territory, Australia. Title: Walnut Grove, Minnesota Passage: Walnut Grove, Minnesota City U.S. Post Office, First State Bank Building, and water tower in Walnut Grove Location of Walnut Grove, Minnesota Coordinates: 44 ° 13 ′ 25 ''N 95 ° 28 ′ 8'' W / 44.22361 ° N 95.46889 ° W / 44.22361; - 95.46889 Coordinates: 44 ° 13 ′ 25 ''N 95 ° 28 ′ 8'' W / 44.22361 ° N 95.46889 ° W / 44.22361; - 95.46889 Country United States State Minnesota County Redwood Founded 1874 Incorporated 1879 Area Total 1.06 sq mi (2.75 km) Land 1.06 sq mi (2.75 km) Water 0 sq mi (0 km) Elevation 1,217 ft (371 m) Population (2010) Total 871 Estimate (2016) 813 Density 820 / sq mi (320 / km) Time zone Central (CST) (UTC - 6) Summer (DST) CDT (UTC - 5) ZIP code 56180 Area code (s) 507 FIPS code 27 - 67846 GNIS feature ID 0653743 Title: Island Grove, Jasper County, Illinois Passage: Island Grove is an unincorporated community in Grove Township, Jasper County, Illinois, United States. Island Grove is located on County Route 12, north-northwest of Wheeler. Title: Braddon, Australian Capital Territory Passage: Braddon (postcode: 2612) is an inner north suburb of Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia located adjacent to the Canberra CBD. Title: Goodings Grove, Illinois Passage: Goodings Grove was a census-designated place in northern Will County, Illinois, United States. The population was 17,084 at the 2000 census. It ceased to exist as an entity upon the incorporation of the village of Homer Glen, Illinois in 2001. Title: Grey's Anatomy (season 9) Passage: The season follows the characters dealing with the aftermath of the season eight plane crash that claimed the life of Lexie Grey (Chyler Leigh) and upon rescue Mark Sloan (Eric Dane), who dies after sustaining injuries from the crash. Derek Shepherd (Patrick Dempsey) finds his surgical career in doubt after badly damaging his hand but Callie Torres (Sara Ramirez) ultimately manages to save his hand. The show's protagonist Meredith Grey (Ellen Pompeo) deals with the loss of her half - sister Lexie and later discovers that she is pregnant. Cristina Yang (Sandra Oh) who is severely traumatized upon rescue and later decides to take up her fellowship in Minnesota. Arizona Robbins (Jessica Capshaw) another survivor of the plane crash upon return realizes that her leg has to be amputated to save her life, reacts badly to this, becoming bitter and blaming her wife Callie and her former friend Alex Karev (Justin Chambers). To prevent the doctors' court case from being thrown out, Owen Hunt (Kevin McKidd) decides to divorce Yang, but the two agree to start again. The hospital itself becomes liable for the crash, putting its future in extreme doubt prompting the four crash survivors and Torres to purchase the hospital. Miranda Bailey (Chandra Wilson) marries her partner Ben Warren (Jason George), April Kepner (Sarah Drew) returns home to Ohio, but is brought back by Hunt to rejoin the hospital and she restarts her relationship with Jackson Avery (Jesse Williams). Title: Redwood County Poor Farm Passage: The Redwood County Poor Farm (or Poorhouse) was a county run institution serving impoverished and aged people in Redwood Falls, Minnesota, United States, from 1884 to 1889 and again from 1909 to 1967, when it was converted to a nursing home. Title: Baranya County (former) Passage: Baranya (, , / "Baranja", ) was an administrative county (comitatus) of the Kingdom of Hungary. Its territory is now in southern Hungary (the present county Baranya) and northeastern Croatia (part of the Osijek-Baranja county). The capital of the county was Pécs. Title: Walnut Shade, Missouri Passage: Walnut Shade is an unincorporated community in Taney County, Missouri, United States. It is located approximately six miles northwest of Forsyth on U.S. Route 160. The town sits at the confluence of Bull and Bear Creeks. Walnut Shade is part of the Branson, Missouri Micropolitan Statistical Area. Title: Bogotá Passage: Bogotá (/ ˈboʊɡətɑː /, / ˌbɒɡəˈtɑː /, / ˌboʊ - /; Spanish pronunciation: (boɣoˈta) (listen)), officially Bogotá, Distrito Capital, abbreviated Bogotá, D.C., and formerly known as Santafé de Bogotá between 1991 and 2000, is the capital and largest city of Colombia, administered as the Capital District, although often thought of as part of Cundinamarca. Bogotá is a territorial entity of the first order, with the same administrative status as the departments of Colombia. It is the political, economic, administrative, industrial, artistic, cultural, and sports center of the country. Title: Inver Grove Heights, Minnesota Passage: Inver Grove Heights is a city in Dakota County, Minnesota, United States. The population was 33,880 at the 2010 census. The city was formed on March 9, 1965, with the merger of the village of Inver Grove and Inver Grove Township. Title: Walnut Grove, Minnesota Passage: Walnut Grove is a city in Redwood County, Minnesota, United States. The population was 871 at the 2010 census. Another name formerly associated with the area is Walnut Station. Title: Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok County (former) Passage: Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok was an administrative county (comitatus) in the Kingdom of Hungary. Its territory, which is now in central Hungary, was slightly smaller than that of present Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok county. The capital of the county was Szolnok. Title: Preston Burke Passage: While mentioned in passing throughout later seasons, Burke officially returns in the tenth season in order to conclude Cristina Yang's departure from the series. Title: History of Australia Passage: The Federal Capital Territory (FCT) was formed from New South Wales in 1911 to provide a location for the proposed new federal capital of Canberra (Melbourne was the seat of government from 1901 to 1927). The FCT was renamed the Australian Capital Territory (ACT) in 1938. The Northern Territory was transferred from the control of the South Australian government to the Commonwealth in 1911.	[ "Grey's Anatomy (season 9)", "Redwood County Poor Farm", "Walnut Grove, Minnesota" ]
2hop__106670_44852	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``The Times They Are a-Changin '''is a song written by Bob Dylan and released as the title track of his 1964 album of the same name. Dylan wrote the song as a deliberate attempt to create an anthem of change for the time, influenced by Irish and Scottish ballads. Released as a 45 - rpm single in Britain in 1965, it reached number 9 in the British top ten.", "title": "The Times They Are a-Changin' (song)" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Granny Smith is a tip-bearing apple cultivar, which originated in Australia in 1868. It is named after Maria Ann Smith, who propagated the cultivar from a chance seedling. The tree is thought to be a hybrid of \"Malus sylvestris\", the European wild apple, with the North American apple \"Malus pumila\" as the polleniser.", "title": "Granny Smith" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The ``National Anthem of the Republic of China ''is the national anthem of Taiwan. It was originally adopted in 1937 by China as its national anthem and was used as such until the late 1940s; beforehand the`` Song to the Auspicious Cloud'' was used as the Chinese national anthem. In contemporary China, this national anthem serves a historical role as the current national anthem of China is the ``March of the Volunteers ''. The national anthem was also adopted in Taiwan on 25 October 1945 after the surrender of Japan.", "title": "National Anthem of the Republic of China" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "It is the national anthem of the United Kingdom and one of two national anthems used by New Zealand since 1977, as well as for several of the UK's territories that have their own additional local anthem. It is also the royal anthem -- played specifically in the presence of the monarch -- of all the aforementioned countries, as well as Australia (since 1984), Canada (since 1980), Barbados and Tuvalu. In countries not previously part of the British Empire, the tune of ``God Save the Queen ''has provided the basis for various patriotic songs, though still generally connected with royal ceremony. In the United States, the melody is used for the patriotic song`` My Country, 'Tis of Thee''. The melody is also used for the national anthem of Liechtenstein, ``Oben am jungen Rhein ''.", "title": "God Save the Queen" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``My Country, 'Tis of Thee '', also known as`` America'', is an American patriotic song, whose lyrics were written by Samuel Francis Smith. The melody used is the same as that of the national anthem of the United Kingdom, ``God Save the Queen '', arranged by Thomas Arne. The song served as one of the de facto national anthems of the United States (along with songs like`` Hail, Columbia'') before the adoption of ``The Star - Spangled Banner ''as the official anthem in 1931.", "title": "America (My Country, 'Tis of Thee)" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``We Are the Champions ''is a song by the British rock band Queen, first released on their 1977 album News of the World. Written by lead singer Freddie Mercury, it is one of Queen's most popular songs, and one of rock's most recognisable anthems.", "title": "We Are the Champions" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``Lift Every Voice and Sing ''-- often referred to as the`` Black American National Anthem'' -- is a song written as a poem by James Weldon Johnson (1871 -- 1938) in 1899 and set to music by his brother John Rosamond Johnson (1873 -- 1954) in 1905.", "title": "Lift Every Voice and Sing" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Slav'sya, Otechestvo nashe svobodnoye! (Russian: Славься, Отечество наше свободное!; Slav'sya, Otechestvo nashe svobodnoye!, lit. ``Be glorious, our free Fatherland! ''), officially known as the`` State Anthem of the Soviet Union'' (Russian: Государственный гимн СССР, tr. Gosudarstvenny Gimn SSSR) was introduced during World War II on 15 March 1944, replacing The Internationale as the official anthem of the Soviet Union and the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic. The lyrics were written by Sergey Mikhalkov (1913 -- 2009) in collaboration with Gabriel El - Registan (1899 -- 1945) and the music was composed by Alexander Alexandrov (1883 -- 1946). Although the Soviet Union was dissolved in 1991, its national anthem's melody continues to be used in the Russian Federation's national anthem, which has different lyrics to the version used in the Soviet Union.", "title": "State Anthem of the Soviet Union" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``Lupang Hinirang ''((ˈlupaŋ hiˈniɾaŋ); originally in Spanish: Patria Adorada (ˈpatɾja aðoˈɾaða); English:`` Chosen Land'') is the national anthem of the Philippines. Its music was composed in 1898 by Julián Felipe, and the lyrics were adapted from the Spanish poem Filipinas, written by José Palma in 1899. Originally written it did not have lyrics when it was adopted as the anthem of the revolutionary First Philippine Republic and subsequently played during the proclamation of Philippine independence on June 12, 1898.", "title": "Lupang Hinirang" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``Advance Australia Fair '', with modified lyrics from the original (see development of lyrics), was adopted as the Australian national anthem on 19 April 1984 by a proclamation by the Governor - General, Sir Ninian Stephen, on a recommendation by the Labor government of Bob Hawke.`` God Save the Queen'', now known as the royal anthem, continues to be played alongside the Australian national anthem at public engagements in Australia that are attended by the Queen or members of the Royal Family.", "title": "Advance Australia Fair" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``Motherland ''(French: Mère Patrie) is the national anthem of Mauritius. The music was composed by Philippe Gentil and the lyrics were written by Jean - Georges Prosper. The anthem is short and briefly describes the luscious landscape of Mauritius. It also mentions the qualities of its people: peace, justice, and liberty.", "title": "Motherland (anthem)" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``Forged from the Love of Liberty ''is the national anthem of the Republic of Trinidad and Tobago. Originally composed as the national anthem for the short - lived West Indies Federation (1958 -- 1962), this song was edited and adopted by Trinidad and Tobago when it became independent in 1962.", "title": "Forged from the Love of Liberty" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Fly\" is a song recorded by American country music duo Maddie & Tae. It was released in January 2015 as the second single from their debut studio album, \"Start Here\". The song, written by the duo and Tiffany Vartanyan, is an inspirational anthem about a girl wanting to find success. It garnered a positive reception from critics praising the production and the girls' vocal performances for elevating the overall theme of the song.", "title": "Fly (Maddie & Tae song)" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Malu is a commune located in Giurgiu County, Romania. It is composed of a single village, Malu, part of Vedea Commune until it was split off in 2003.", "title": "Malu, Giurgiu" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Wilhelmus van Nassouwe\", usually known just as the \"Wilhelmus\" (; ; English translation: \"The William\"), is the national anthem of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. It dates back to at least 1572, making it the national anthem with the oldest music. Although the \"Wilhelmus\" was not recognized as the official national anthem until 1932, it has always been popular with parts of the Dutch population and resurfaced on several occasions in the course of Dutch history before gaining its present status. It was also the anthem of the Netherlands Antilles from 1954 to 1964.", "title": "Wilhelmus" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``Lift Every Voice and Sing ''-- often referred to as the`` Black American National Anthem'' -- is a song written as a poem by James Weldon Johnson (1871 -- 1938) in 1900 and set to music by his brother John Rosamond Johnson (1873 -- 1954) in 1905.", "title": "Lift Every Voice and Sing" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The hymn is often called the ``National Anthem of Christendom ''. The lyrics, written by Edward Perronet while he served as a missionary in India, first appeared in the November, 1779 issue of the Gospel Magazine, which was edited by the author of`` Rock of Ages'', Augustus Toplady.", "title": "All Hail the Power of Jesus' Name" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "There are differing accounts as to the origin of the Sri Lanka Matha. The most widely held view is that Sri Lankan composer Ananda Samarakoon wrote the music and lyrics to the song inspired / influenced by Bengali poet Rabindranath Tagore. A minority suggest that Tagore wrote the anthem in full. Some have suggested that Tagore wrote the music whilst Samarakoon wrote the lyrics. Tagore being directly involved in the creation of the song has been denied by some historians like Indian Lipi Ghosh and Sri Lankan Sandagomi Coperahewa. Samarakoon had been a pupil of Tagore at Visva - Bharati University, Santiniketan. After returning to Ceylon Samarakoon taught music at Mahinda College, Galle. The song, which was then known as Namo Namo Mata, was first sung by students at Mahinda College. After it was sung by the choir from Musaeus College, Colombo at a public event it became hugely popular in Ceylon and was widely played on radio.", "title": "Sri Lanka Matha" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Malu Mirisata (spicy Sri Lankan fish curry) has more of a chili flavor and it’s a favorite method of cooking fish in Sri Lanka. The dish is popular around the country and mostly in seaboard area where fish and other seafood are staple foods. Coconut milk is used in some variations of this dish. This can be usually served with rice, bread or string hoppers.", "title": "Malu Mirisata" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Ghindeni is a commune in Dolj County, Romania with a population of 2,264 people. It is composed of a single village, Ghindeni, part of Malu Mare Commune until 2004, when it was split off.", "title": "Ghindeni" } ]	Who wrote the national anthem of the country where Malu Mirisata is popular?	Ananda Samarakoon	[]	Title: God Save the Queen Passage: It is the national anthem of the United Kingdom and one of two national anthems used by New Zealand since 1977, as well as for several of the UK's territories that have their own additional local anthem. It is also the royal anthem -- played specifically in the presence of the monarch -- of all the aforementioned countries, as well as Australia (since 1984), Canada (since 1980), Barbados and Tuvalu. In countries not previously part of the British Empire, the tune of ``God Save the Queen ''has provided the basis for various patriotic songs, though still generally connected with royal ceremony. In the United States, the melody is used for the patriotic song`` My Country, 'Tis of Thee''. The melody is also used for the national anthem of Liechtenstein, ``Oben am jungen Rhein ''. Title: Sri Lanka Matha Passage: There are differing accounts as to the origin of the Sri Lanka Matha. The most widely held view is that Sri Lankan composer Ananda Samarakoon wrote the music and lyrics to the song inspired / influenced by Bengali poet Rabindranath Tagore. A minority suggest that Tagore wrote the anthem in full. Some have suggested that Tagore wrote the music whilst Samarakoon wrote the lyrics. Tagore being directly involved in the creation of the song has been denied by some historians like Indian Lipi Ghosh and Sri Lankan Sandagomi Coperahewa. Samarakoon had been a pupil of Tagore at Visva - Bharati University, Santiniketan. After returning to Ceylon Samarakoon taught music at Mahinda College, Galle. The song, which was then known as Namo Namo Mata, was first sung by students at Mahinda College. After it was sung by the choir from Musaeus College, Colombo at a public event it became hugely popular in Ceylon and was widely played on radio. Title: Ghindeni Passage: Ghindeni is a commune in Dolj County, Romania with a population of 2,264 people. It is composed of a single village, Ghindeni, part of Malu Mare Commune until 2004, when it was split off. Title: Malu Mirisata Passage: Malu Mirisata (spicy Sri Lankan fish curry) has more of a chili flavor and it’s a favorite method of cooking fish in Sri Lanka. The dish is popular around the country and mostly in seaboard area where fish and other seafood are staple foods. Coconut milk is used in some variations of this dish. This can be usually served with rice, bread or string hoppers. Title: Lift Every Voice and Sing Passage: ``Lift Every Voice and Sing ''-- often referred to as the`` Black American National Anthem'' -- is a song written as a poem by James Weldon Johnson (1871 -- 1938) in 1900 and set to music by his brother John Rosamond Johnson (1873 -- 1954) in 1905. Title: Malu, Giurgiu Passage: Malu is a commune located in Giurgiu County, Romania. It is composed of a single village, Malu, part of Vedea Commune until it was split off in 2003. Title: Advance Australia Fair Passage: ``Advance Australia Fair '', with modified lyrics from the original (see development of lyrics), was adopted as the Australian national anthem on 19 April 1984 by a proclamation by the Governor - General, Sir Ninian Stephen, on a recommendation by the Labor government of Bob Hawke.`` God Save the Queen'', now known as the royal anthem, continues to be played alongside the Australian national anthem at public engagements in Australia that are attended by the Queen or members of the Royal Family. Title: All Hail the Power of Jesus' Name Passage: The hymn is often called the ``National Anthem of Christendom ''. The lyrics, written by Edward Perronet while he served as a missionary in India, first appeared in the November, 1779 issue of the Gospel Magazine, which was edited by the author of`` Rock of Ages'', Augustus Toplady. Title: Lift Every Voice and Sing Passage: ``Lift Every Voice and Sing ''-- often referred to as the`` Black American National Anthem'' -- is a song written as a poem by James Weldon Johnson (1871 -- 1938) in 1899 and set to music by his brother John Rosamond Johnson (1873 -- 1954) in 1905. Title: National Anthem of the Republic of China Passage: The ``National Anthem of the Republic of China ''is the national anthem of Taiwan. It was originally adopted in 1937 by China as its national anthem and was used as such until the late 1940s; beforehand the`` Song to the Auspicious Cloud'' was used as the Chinese national anthem. In contemporary China, this national anthem serves a historical role as the current national anthem of China is the ``March of the Volunteers ''. The national anthem was also adopted in Taiwan on 25 October 1945 after the surrender of Japan. Title: Wilhelmus Passage: "Wilhelmus van Nassouwe", usually known just as the "Wilhelmus" (; ; English translation: "The William"), is the national anthem of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. It dates back to at least 1572, making it the national anthem with the oldest music. Although the "Wilhelmus" was not recognized as the official national anthem until 1932, it has always been popular with parts of the Dutch population and resurfaced on several occasions in the course of Dutch history before gaining its present status. It was also the anthem of the Netherlands Antilles from 1954 to 1964. Title: Forged from the Love of Liberty Passage: ``Forged from the Love of Liberty ''is the national anthem of the Republic of Trinidad and Tobago. Originally composed as the national anthem for the short - lived West Indies Federation (1958 -- 1962), this song was edited and adopted by Trinidad and Tobago when it became independent in 1962. Title: State Anthem of the Soviet Union Passage: Slav'sya, Otechestvo nashe svobodnoye! (Russian: Славься, Отечество наше свободное!; Slav'sya, Otechestvo nashe svobodnoye!, lit. ``Be glorious, our free Fatherland! ''), officially known as the`` State Anthem of the Soviet Union'' (Russian: Государственный гимн СССР, tr. Gosudarstvenny Gimn SSSR) was introduced during World War II on 15 March 1944, replacing The Internationale as the official anthem of the Soviet Union and the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic. The lyrics were written by Sergey Mikhalkov (1913 -- 2009) in collaboration with Gabriel El - Registan (1899 -- 1945) and the music was composed by Alexander Alexandrov (1883 -- 1946). Although the Soviet Union was dissolved in 1991, its national anthem's melody continues to be used in the Russian Federation's national anthem, which has different lyrics to the version used in the Soviet Union. Title: Motherland (anthem) Passage: ``Motherland ''(French: Mère Patrie) is the national anthem of Mauritius. The music was composed by Philippe Gentil and the lyrics were written by Jean - Georges Prosper. The anthem is short and briefly describes the luscious landscape of Mauritius. It also mentions the qualities of its people: peace, justice, and liberty. Title: America (My Country, 'Tis of Thee) Passage: ``My Country, 'Tis of Thee '', also known as`` America'', is an American patriotic song, whose lyrics were written by Samuel Francis Smith. The melody used is the same as that of the national anthem of the United Kingdom, ``God Save the Queen '', arranged by Thomas Arne. The song served as one of the de facto national anthems of the United States (along with songs like`` Hail, Columbia'') before the adoption of ``The Star - Spangled Banner ''as the official anthem in 1931. Title: Lupang Hinirang Passage: ``Lupang Hinirang ''((ˈlupaŋ hiˈniɾaŋ); originally in Spanish: Patria Adorada (ˈpatɾja aðoˈɾaða); English:`` Chosen Land'') is the national anthem of the Philippines. Its music was composed in 1898 by Julián Felipe, and the lyrics were adapted from the Spanish poem Filipinas, written by José Palma in 1899. Originally written it did not have lyrics when it was adopted as the anthem of the revolutionary First Philippine Republic and subsequently played during the proclamation of Philippine independence on June 12, 1898. Title: Fly (Maddie & Tae song) Passage: "Fly" is a song recorded by American country music duo Maddie & Tae. It was released in January 2015 as the second single from their debut studio album, "Start Here". The song, written by the duo and Tiffany Vartanyan, is an inspirational anthem about a girl wanting to find success. It garnered a positive reception from critics praising the production and the girls' vocal performances for elevating the overall theme of the song. Title: Granny Smith Passage: The Granny Smith is a tip-bearing apple cultivar, which originated in Australia in 1868. It is named after Maria Ann Smith, who propagated the cultivar from a chance seedling. The tree is thought to be a hybrid of "Malus sylvestris", the European wild apple, with the North American apple "Malus pumila" as the polleniser. Title: We Are the Champions Passage: ``We Are the Champions ''is a song by the British rock band Queen, first released on their 1977 album News of the World. Written by lead singer Freddie Mercury, it is one of Queen's most popular songs, and one of rock's most recognisable anthems. Title: The Times They Are a-Changin' (song) Passage: ``The Times They Are a-Changin '''is a song written by Bob Dylan and released as the title track of his 1964 album of the same name. Dylan wrote the song as a deliberate attempt to create an anthem of change for the time, influenced by Irish and Scottish ballads. Released as a 45 - rpm single in Britain in 1965, it reached number 9 in the British top ten.	[ "Sri Lanka Matha", "Malu Mirisata" ]
2hop__635362_92014	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Time in Place is the third studio album by guitarist Mike Stern, released in 1988 through Atlantic Records and reissued on September 18, 2007 through Wounded Bird Records.", "title": "Time in Place" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The end of World War II brought a baby boom to many countries, especially Western ones. There is some disagreement as to the precise beginning and ending dates of the post-war baby boom, but it is most often agreed to have begun in the years immediately after the war, though some place it earlier at the increase of births in 1941 - 1943. The boom started to decline as birth rates in the United States started to decline in 1958, though the boom would only grind to a halt 3 years later in 1961, 20 years after it began.", "title": "Mid-twentieth century baby boom" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "In 1636, Roger Williams settled on land granted to him by the Narragansett tribe at the tip of Narragansett Bay after being banished from the Massachusetts Bay Colony for his religious views. He called the site ``Providence Plantations ''and declared it a place of religious freedom.", "title": "History of Rhode Island" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Mike Cerrone (born June 9, 1957) is an American actor and screenwriter from Rhode Island. He has frequently worked with the Farrelly brothers.", "title": "Mike Cerrone" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Various disco songs incorporated sounds produced with synthesizers and drum machines, and some compositions were entirely electronic; examples include Giorgio Moroder's late 1970s productions such as Donna Summer's hit single \"I Feel Love\" from 1977, Cerrone's \"Supernature\" (1977), Yellow Magic Orchestra's synth-disco-pop productions from Yellow Magic Orchestra (1978), Solid State Survivor (1979), and several early 1980s disco-pop productions by the Hi-NRG group Lime.", "title": "House music" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "John Thorndike (February 23, 1611 or 1612 – interred 1668) was one of the first founders of the Massachusetts Bay Colony. Other sources show his birth date as born February 1610/11.", "title": "John Thorndike" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "By 1640, the town's theocratic government and nine-square grid plan were in place, and the town was renamed Newhaven from Quinnipiac. However, the area north of New Haven remained Quinnipiac until 1678, when it was renamed Hamden. The settlement became the headquarters of the New Haven Colony. At the time, the New Haven Colony was separate from the Connecticut Colony, which had been established to the north centering on Hartford. One of the principal differences between the two colonies was that the New Haven colony was an intolerant theocracy that did not permit other churches to be established, while the Connecticut colony permitted the establishment of other churches.", "title": "New Haven, Connecticut" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Finley Guy Building is a historic building in central Davenport, Iowa, United States. The Spanish Colonial Revival structure was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1984.", "title": "Finley Guy Building" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Death and the King's Horseman is a play by Wole Soyinka based on a real incident that took place in Nigeria during British colonial rule: the horseman of a Yoruba King was prevented from committing ritual suicide by the colonial authorities. In addition to the British intervention, Soyinka calls the horseman's own conviction toward suicide into question, posing a problem that throws off the community's balance.", "title": "Death and the King's Horseman" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Some early male settlers married Indigenous American women and had informal unions with them. Early contact between Indigenous Americans and Europeans was often charged with tension, but also had moments of friendship, cooperation, and intimacy. Marriages took place in both English and Latin colonies between European men and Native women. For instance, on April 5, 1614, Pocahontas, a Powhatan woman in present-day Virginia, married the Englishman John Rolfe of Jamestown. Their son Thomas Rolfe was an ancestor to many descendants in First Families of Virginia. As a result, English laws did not exclude people with some Indigenous American ancestry from being considered English or white.", "title": "Multiracial Americans" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Ruskin Colony (or Ruskin Commonwealth Association) was a utopian socialist colony which existed near Tennessee City in Dickson County, Tennessee from 1894 to 1896. The colony moved to a slightly more permanent second settlement on an old farm five miles north from 1896 to 1899, and saw another brief incarnation near Waycross, in southern Georgia, from 1899 until it finally dissolved in 1901. Its regional location within the Southern United States set it apart from many other similar utopian projects of the era. At its high point, the population was around 250. The colony was named after John Ruskin, the English socialist writer. A cave on the colony's second property in Dickson County still carries his name. The site of the colony's second settlement in Dickson County is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.", "title": "Ruskin Colony" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The J. E. Paterson House is a historic residence in Mobile, Alabama, United States. It was built in 1929 in the Spanish Colonial Revival style. The building was placed on the National Register of Historic Places on July 12, 1991. It is a part of the Spanish Revival Residences in Mobile Multiple Property Submission.", "title": "J. E. Paterson House" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The McLaughlin Cliffs () are abrupt rock cliffs that overlook George VI Sound between Armstrong Glacier and Conchie Glacier, in western Palmer Land, Antarctica. They were named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names for Lieutenant Donald J. McLaughlin, Civil Engineer Corps, U.S. Navy Reserve, officer-in-charge of Palmer Station in 1970. The steep cliffs provide nesting sites for a colony of snow petrels (\"Pagodroma nivea\").", "title": "McLaughlin Cliffs" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Charge is the fundamental property of forms of matter that exhibit electrostatic attraction or repulsion in the presence of other matter. Electric charge is a characteristic property of many subatomic particles. The charges of free - standing particles are integer multiples of the elementary charge e; we say that electric charge is quantized. Michael Faraday, in his electrolysis experiments, was the first to note the discrete nature of electric charge. Robert Millikan's oil drop experiment demonstrated this fact directly, and measured the elementary charge. It has been discovered that one type of particle, quarks, have fractional charges of either − 1 / 3 or + 2 / 3, but it is believed they always occur in multiples of integral charge; free - standing quarks have never been observed.", "title": "Electric charge" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Wooldridge-Rose House, located in Pewee Valley, Kentucky, was placed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2007. It is a c.1905 Colonial Revival-style house, two stories high of considerable size. Its foundation is limestone block foundation with a roof of tin and shingles, and weatherboard siding.", "title": "Wooldridge-Rose House" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Belgium's War Crimes Law invokes the concept of universal jurisdiction to allow anyone to bring war crime charges in Belgian courts, regardless of where the alleged crimes have taken place.", "title": "War Crimes Law (Belgium)" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Jardin botanique de Sedan is a botanical garden and city park located on Philippoteaux Avenue beside the Place d'Alsace-Lorraine, Sedan, Ardennes, Champagne-Ardenne, France. It is open daily without charge.", "title": "Jardin botanique de Sedan" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "William Brenton (c. 1610–1674) was a colonial President, Deputy Governor, and Governor of the Colony of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations, and an early settler of Portsmouth and Newport in the Rhode Island colony. Austin and other historians give his place of origin as Hammersmith in Middlesex, England (now a part of London), but in reviewing the evidence, Anderson concludes that his place of origin is unknown. Brenton named one of his Newport properties \"Hammersmith,\" and this has led some writers to assume that the like-named town in London was his place of origin.", "title": "William Brenton" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Mobile Suit Gundam Wing, also known in Japan as , is a 1995 Japanese mecha anime series directed by Masashi Ikeda and written by Katsuyuki Sumizawa. It is the sixth installment in the \"Gundam\" franchise, taking place in the \"After Colony\" timeline. As with the original series, the plot of \"Gundam Wing\" centers on a war in the future (specifically the 2220s) between Earth and its orbital colonies in the Earth-Moon system.", "title": "Mobile Suit Gundam Wing" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Mike Marsh (born August 13, 1974 in Miami, Florida) is the drummer for The Avett Brothers and formerly of Dashboard Confessional. Mike was featured on all Dashboard Confessional's albums, from \"The Places You Have Come To Fear The Most\" to \"Alter the Ending\". He also played with them for MTV Unplugged. In 2006, Marsh and Dashboard Confessional did an AOL Sessions recording, playing not only their songs, but a cover of \"In A Big Country\" by Big Country. According to posts by Mike on Facebook, he officially joined The Avett Brothers as their drummer in early 2013. Mike is also an engineer and record producer. He has a recording studio in East Nashville called Papermill Studio.", "title": "Mike Marsh (musician)" } ]	Who was in charge of the colony where Mike Cerrone was born?	Roger Williams	[]	Title: Mike Cerrone Passage: Mike Cerrone (born June 9, 1957) is an American actor and screenwriter from Rhode Island. He has frequently worked with the Farrelly brothers. Title: Mid-twentieth century baby boom Passage: The end of World War II brought a baby boom to many countries, especially Western ones. There is some disagreement as to the precise beginning and ending dates of the post-war baby boom, but it is most often agreed to have begun in the years immediately after the war, though some place it earlier at the increase of births in 1941 - 1943. The boom started to decline as birth rates in the United States started to decline in 1958, though the boom would only grind to a halt 3 years later in 1961, 20 years after it began. Title: House music Passage: Various disco songs incorporated sounds produced with synthesizers and drum machines, and some compositions were entirely electronic; examples include Giorgio Moroder's late 1970s productions such as Donna Summer's hit single "I Feel Love" from 1977, Cerrone's "Supernature" (1977), Yellow Magic Orchestra's synth-disco-pop productions from Yellow Magic Orchestra (1978), Solid State Survivor (1979), and several early 1980s disco-pop productions by the Hi-NRG group Lime. Title: Multiracial Americans Passage: Some early male settlers married Indigenous American women and had informal unions with them. Early contact between Indigenous Americans and Europeans was often charged with tension, but also had moments of friendship, cooperation, and intimacy. Marriages took place in both English and Latin colonies between European men and Native women. For instance, on April 5, 1614, Pocahontas, a Powhatan woman in present-day Virginia, married the Englishman John Rolfe of Jamestown. Their son Thomas Rolfe was an ancestor to many descendants in First Families of Virginia. As a result, English laws did not exclude people with some Indigenous American ancestry from being considered English or white. Title: Time in Place Passage: Time in Place is the third studio album by guitarist Mike Stern, released in 1988 through Atlantic Records and reissued on September 18, 2007 through Wounded Bird Records. Title: Mobile Suit Gundam Wing Passage: Mobile Suit Gundam Wing, also known in Japan as , is a 1995 Japanese mecha anime series directed by Masashi Ikeda and written by Katsuyuki Sumizawa. It is the sixth installment in the "Gundam" franchise, taking place in the "After Colony" timeline. As with the original series, the plot of "Gundam Wing" centers on a war in the future (specifically the 2220s) between Earth and its orbital colonies in the Earth-Moon system. Title: Mike Marsh (musician) Passage: Mike Marsh (born August 13, 1974 in Miami, Florida) is the drummer for The Avett Brothers and formerly of Dashboard Confessional. Mike was featured on all Dashboard Confessional's albums, from "The Places You Have Come To Fear The Most" to "Alter the Ending". He also played with them for MTV Unplugged. In 2006, Marsh and Dashboard Confessional did an AOL Sessions recording, playing not only their songs, but a cover of "In A Big Country" by Big Country. According to posts by Mike on Facebook, he officially joined The Avett Brothers as their drummer in early 2013. Mike is also an engineer and record producer. He has a recording studio in East Nashville called Papermill Studio. Title: Death and the King's Horseman Passage: Death and the King's Horseman is a play by Wole Soyinka based on a real incident that took place in Nigeria during British colonial rule: the horseman of a Yoruba King was prevented from committing ritual suicide by the colonial authorities. In addition to the British intervention, Soyinka calls the horseman's own conviction toward suicide into question, posing a problem that throws off the community's balance. Title: Wooldridge-Rose House Passage: The Wooldridge-Rose House, located in Pewee Valley, Kentucky, was placed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2007. It is a c.1905 Colonial Revival-style house, two stories high of considerable size. Its foundation is limestone block foundation with a roof of tin and shingles, and weatherboard siding. Title: Jardin botanique de Sedan Passage: The Jardin botanique de Sedan is a botanical garden and city park located on Philippoteaux Avenue beside the Place d'Alsace-Lorraine, Sedan, Ardennes, Champagne-Ardenne, France. It is open daily without charge. Title: Finley Guy Building Passage: Finley Guy Building is a historic building in central Davenport, Iowa, United States. The Spanish Colonial Revival structure was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1984. Title: McLaughlin Cliffs Passage: The McLaughlin Cliffs () are abrupt rock cliffs that overlook George VI Sound between Armstrong Glacier and Conchie Glacier, in western Palmer Land, Antarctica. They were named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names for Lieutenant Donald J. McLaughlin, Civil Engineer Corps, U.S. Navy Reserve, officer-in-charge of Palmer Station in 1970. The steep cliffs provide nesting sites for a colony of snow petrels ("Pagodroma nivea"). Title: History of Rhode Island Passage: In 1636, Roger Williams settled on land granted to him by the Narragansett tribe at the tip of Narragansett Bay after being banished from the Massachusetts Bay Colony for his religious views. He called the site ``Providence Plantations ''and declared it a place of religious freedom. Title: New Haven, Connecticut Passage: By 1640, the town's theocratic government and nine-square grid plan were in place, and the town was renamed Newhaven from Quinnipiac. However, the area north of New Haven remained Quinnipiac until 1678, when it was renamed Hamden. The settlement became the headquarters of the New Haven Colony. At the time, the New Haven Colony was separate from the Connecticut Colony, which had been established to the north centering on Hartford. One of the principal differences between the two colonies was that the New Haven colony was an intolerant theocracy that did not permit other churches to be established, while the Connecticut colony permitted the establishment of other churches. Title: Electric charge Passage: Charge is the fundamental property of forms of matter that exhibit electrostatic attraction or repulsion in the presence of other matter. Electric charge is a characteristic property of many subatomic particles. The charges of free - standing particles are integer multiples of the elementary charge e; we say that electric charge is quantized. Michael Faraday, in his electrolysis experiments, was the first to note the discrete nature of electric charge. Robert Millikan's oil drop experiment demonstrated this fact directly, and measured the elementary charge. It has been discovered that one type of particle, quarks, have fractional charges of either − 1 / 3 or + 2 / 3, but it is believed they always occur in multiples of integral charge; free - standing quarks have never been observed. Title: War Crimes Law (Belgium) Passage: Belgium's War Crimes Law invokes the concept of universal jurisdiction to allow anyone to bring war crime charges in Belgian courts, regardless of where the alleged crimes have taken place. Title: Ruskin Colony Passage: The Ruskin Colony (or Ruskin Commonwealth Association) was a utopian socialist colony which existed near Tennessee City in Dickson County, Tennessee from 1894 to 1896. The colony moved to a slightly more permanent second settlement on an old farm five miles north from 1896 to 1899, and saw another brief incarnation near Waycross, in southern Georgia, from 1899 until it finally dissolved in 1901. Its regional location within the Southern United States set it apart from many other similar utopian projects of the era. At its high point, the population was around 250. The colony was named after John Ruskin, the English socialist writer. A cave on the colony's second property in Dickson County still carries his name. The site of the colony's second settlement in Dickson County is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Title: John Thorndike Passage: John Thorndike (February 23, 1611 or 1612 – interred 1668) was one of the first founders of the Massachusetts Bay Colony. Other sources show his birth date as born February 1610/11. Title: William Brenton Passage: William Brenton (c. 1610–1674) was a colonial President, Deputy Governor, and Governor of the Colony of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations, and an early settler of Portsmouth and Newport in the Rhode Island colony. Austin and other historians give his place of origin as Hammersmith in Middlesex, England (now a part of London), but in reviewing the evidence, Anderson concludes that his place of origin is unknown. Brenton named one of his Newport properties "Hammersmith," and this has led some writers to assume that the like-named town in London was his place of origin. Title: J. E. Paterson House Passage: The J. E. Paterson House is a historic residence in Mobile, Alabama, United States. It was built in 1929 in the Spanish Colonial Revival style. The building was placed on the National Register of Historic Places on July 12, 1991. It is a part of the Spanish Revival Residences in Mobile Multiple Property Submission.	[ "History of Rhode Island", "Mike Cerrone" ]
3hop2__26851_159915_19700	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The 2018 Tournament of Nations was the second Tournament of Nations, an international women's football tournament, consisting of a series of friendly games. It was held in the United States, from July 26 to August 2, 2018, and featured the same four teams as the previous tournament.", "title": "2018 Tournament of Nations" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Addams Family Values is a 1993 American supernatural black comedy film, the sequel to The Addams Family (1991). It was written by Paul Rudnick and directed by Barry Sonnenfeld, and features many cast members from the original, including Raúl Juliá, Anjelica Huston, Christopher Lloyd, Christina Ricci, Carel Struycken, Jimmy Workman, and Christopher Hart. Joan Cusack plays a serial killer who marries Uncle Fester (Lloyd) intending to murder him for his inheritance, while teenagers Wednesday (Ricci) and Pugsley (Workman) are sent to summer camp. Included in the soundtrack is ``Supernatural Thing '', which was a chart success for Ben E. King.", "title": "Addams Family Values" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Man's Search for Meaning is a 1946 book by Viktor Frankl chronicling his experiences as a prisoner in Nazi concentration camps during World War II, and describing his psychotherapeutic method, which involved identifying a purpose in life to feel positively about, and then immersively imagining that outcome. According to Frankl, the way a prisoner imagined the future affected his longevity. The book intends to answer the question \"How was everyday life in a concentration camp reflected in the mind of the average prisoner?\" Part One constitutes Frankl's analysis of his experiences in the concentration camps, while Part Two introduces his ideas of meaning and his theory called logotherapy.", "title": "Man's Search for Meaning" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The airport is unique in that it is located on the site of the Tule Lake War Relocation Center, a concentration camp used during the Japanese American internment. Tule Lake housed some 29,000 men, women and children between 1942 and 1945, and the foundations or supports of many camp buildings are visible from the air by pilots in the landing pattern.", "title": "Tulelake Municipal Airport" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "David Rousset (18 January 1912 in Roanne, Loire – 13 December 1997) was a French writer and political activist, a recipient of Prix Renaudot, a French literary award. A survivor of the Neuengamme concentration camp and the Buchenwald Nazi concentration camp, he is famous for his books about concentration camps.", "title": "David Rousset" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Dr. Johann Gruber (October 20, 1889 - April 7, 1944), also known as \"Papa Gruber\" and \"The Saint of Gusen\", was an Austrian Roman Catholic priest who was imprisoned in Concentration Camp Gusen I from 1940 until his ritual death by the camp commandant on Holyfriday 1944. In the concentration camp, Gruber helped many others survive by raising funds from outside the camp and bribing the SS men and kapos in order to organise the delivery of food to starving inmates.", "title": "Johann Gruber" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "People of German origin are found in various places around the globe. United States is home to approximately 50 million German Americans or one third of the German diaspora, making it the largest centre of German-descended people outside Germany. Brazil is the second largest with 5 million people claiming German ancestry. Other significant centres are Canada, Argentina, South Africa and France each accounting for at least 1 million. While the exact number of German-descended people is difficult to calculate, the available data makes it safe to claim the number is exceeding 100 million people.", "title": "Germans" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "I am David is a 1963 novel by Anne Holm. It tells the story of a young boy who, with the help of a prison guard, escapes from a concentration camp in an unnamed Eastern European country (according to geographical clues, probably Bulgaria) and journeys to Denmark. Along the way he meets many people who teach him about life outside the camp.", "title": "I Am David" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Copa América 1989 football tournament was hosted by Brazil, from 1 to 16 July. All ten CONMEBOL member nations participated.", "title": "1989 Copa América" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Norbert Frýd (born Norbert Fried) (21 April 1913 – 18 March 1976) was a Czech writer, journalist and diplomat. He is known mainly for his autobiographical novel \"Krabice živých\" (A Box of Lives, 1956), in which he describes his experiences in Nazi concentration camps. During World War II, he was imprisoned in the Theresienstadt, Auschwitz and Dachau-Kaufering concentration camps.", "title": "Norbert Frýd" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "During World War II, he worked in the resistance movement. In 1940 he fled Poland and headed toward France to join Sikorski's Army that was being formed there. However, he was arrested at the border of Czechoslovakia and imprisoned in Nowy Sącz and Tarnów before being sent to Auschwitz I in the first prisoner transport to that concentration camp. He was given prisoner number 564 under the name Jon Baraś, due to the forged identification papers he was carrying when arrested.", "title": "Jan Komski" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The 2019 Copa América will be the 46th edition of the Copa América, the quadrennial international men's football championship organized by South America's football ruling body CONMEBOL. It will be held in Brazil. The winner of the tournament will earn the right to compete for the 2021 FIFA Confederations Cup. Chile will be the defending champions.", "title": "2019 Copa América" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Hermann Langbein (18 May 1912 in Vienna, Austria – 24 October 1995 in Vienna, Austria) was an Austrian who fought in the Spanish Civil War with the International Brigades for the Spanish Republicans against the Nationalists under Francisco Franco. He was interned in France after the end of the Spanish Civil War, and then sent to German concentration camps after the fall of France in 1940.", "title": "Hermann Langbein" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The 2022 FIFA World Cup is scheduled to be the 22nd edition of the FIFA World Cup, the quadrennial international men's football championship contested by the national teams of the member associations of FIFA. It is scheduled to take place in Qatar in 2022. This will be the first World Cup held in Asia since the 2002 tournament in South Korea and Japan. This will also be the first World Cup ever to be held in the Middle East, and in an Arab and a Muslim - majority country. This tournament will be the last to involve 32 teams, with an increase to 48 teams scheduled from the 2026 tournament.", "title": "2022 FIFA World Cup" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Many people from Strasbourg were incorporated in the German Army against their will, and were sent to the eastern front, those young men and women were called Malgré-nous. Many tried to escape from the incorporation, join the French Resistance, or desert the Wehrmacht but many couldn't because they were running the risk of having their families sent to work or concentration camps by the Germans. Many of these men, especially those who did not answer the call immediately, were pressured to \"volunteer\" for service with the SS, often by direct threats on their families. This threat obliged the majority of them to remain in the German army. After the war, the few that survived were often accused of being traitors or collaborationists, because this tough situation was not known in the rest of France, and they had to face the incomprehension of many. In July 1944, 1500 malgré-nous were released from Soviet captivity and sent to Algiers, where they joined the Free French Forces. Nowadays history recognizes the suffering of those people, and museums, public discussions and memorials have been built to commemorate this terrible period of history of this part of Eastern France (Alsace and Moselle). Liberation of Strasbourg took place on 23 November 1944.", "title": "Strasbourg" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Wander was born Fritz Rosenblatt in Vienna, he left school at 14 and worked as an apprentice in a textile mill, before travelling around Europe taking whatever jobs were going. He spent quite some time in pre-war Paris and this is where he first started to write. In 1938 after the German annexation of Austria, Wander escaped back to Paris via Switzerland. After France declared war on Germany in 1939 he was interned and eventually sent back to Austria, where he ended up in Auschwitz concentration camp, later being sent to Buchenwald concentration camp. Wander survived the camps and after World War II he lived in East Germany (GDR) from 1958 – 1983. It was while a resident in the GDR that in 1971 \"The Seventh Well\" () was published, it was an account of his experiences in the concentration camps. The book won much critical acclaim following a later re-release, including the 2009 JQ Wingate Prize.", "title": "Fred Wander" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "When Majnun heard of her marriage, he fled the tribal camp and began wandering the surrounding desert. His family eventually gave up hope for his return and left food for him in the wilderness. He could sometimes be seen reciting poetry to himself or writing in the sand with a stick.", "title": "Layla and Majnun" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Born in Saudi Arabia, Hamza left his family to fight in Chechnya and was probably sent to al-Qaeda training camps in Afghanistan where he was chosen to participate in the 9/11 attacks.", "title": "Hamza al-Ghamdi" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The 2018 FIFA World Cup was an international football tournament held in Russia from 14 June to 15 July 2018. The 32 national teams involved in the tournament were required to register a squad of 23 players, including three goalkeepers. Only players in these squads were eligible to take part in the tournament.", "title": "2018 FIFA World Cup squads" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Paragraph 175 is a documentary film released in 2000, directed by Rob Epstein and Jeffrey Friedman, and narrated by Rupert Everett. The film was produced by Rob Epstein, Jeffrey Friedman, Janet Cole, Michael Ehrenzweig, Sheila Nevins and Howard Rosenman. The film chronicles the lives of several gay men and one lesbian who were persecuted by the Nazis. The gay men were arrested by the Nazis for the crime of homosexuality under Paragraph 175, the sodomy provision of the German penal code, dating back to 1871. Between 1933 and 1945, 100,000 men were arrested under Paragraph 175. Some were imprisoned, others were sent to concentration camps. Only about 4,000 survived.", "title": "Paragraph 175 (film)" } ]	How many people from the country who sent WWII deserters families to concentration camps, live in the country where the 1989 Copa América was held?	5 million	[]	Title: Man's Search for Meaning Passage: Man's Search for Meaning is a 1946 book by Viktor Frankl chronicling his experiences as a prisoner in Nazi concentration camps during World War II, and describing his psychotherapeutic method, which involved identifying a purpose in life to feel positively about, and then immersively imagining that outcome. According to Frankl, the way a prisoner imagined the future affected his longevity. The book intends to answer the question "How was everyday life in a concentration camp reflected in the mind of the average prisoner?" Part One constitutes Frankl's analysis of his experiences in the concentration camps, while Part Two introduces his ideas of meaning and his theory called logotherapy. Title: Johann Gruber Passage: Dr. Johann Gruber (October 20, 1889 - April 7, 1944), also known as "Papa Gruber" and "The Saint of Gusen", was an Austrian Roman Catholic priest who was imprisoned in Concentration Camp Gusen I from 1940 until his ritual death by the camp commandant on Holyfriday 1944. In the concentration camp, Gruber helped many others survive by raising funds from outside the camp and bribing the SS men and kapos in order to organise the delivery of food to starving inmates. Title: I Am David Passage: I am David is a 1963 novel by Anne Holm. It tells the story of a young boy who, with the help of a prison guard, escapes from a concentration camp in an unnamed Eastern European country (according to geographical clues, probably Bulgaria) and journeys to Denmark. Along the way he meets many people who teach him about life outside the camp. Title: 2018 Tournament of Nations Passage: The 2018 Tournament of Nations was the second Tournament of Nations, an international women's football tournament, consisting of a series of friendly games. It was held in the United States, from July 26 to August 2, 2018, and featured the same four teams as the previous tournament. Title: Hermann Langbein Passage: Hermann Langbein (18 May 1912 in Vienna, Austria – 24 October 1995 in Vienna, Austria) was an Austrian who fought in the Spanish Civil War with the International Brigades for the Spanish Republicans against the Nationalists under Francisco Franco. He was interned in France after the end of the Spanish Civil War, and then sent to German concentration camps after the fall of France in 1940. Title: Hamza al-Ghamdi Passage: Born in Saudi Arabia, Hamza left his family to fight in Chechnya and was probably sent to al-Qaeda training camps in Afghanistan where he was chosen to participate in the 9/11 attacks. Title: 1989 Copa América Passage: The Copa América 1989 football tournament was hosted by Brazil, from 1 to 16 July. All ten CONMEBOL member nations participated. Title: Fred Wander Passage: Wander was born Fritz Rosenblatt in Vienna, he left school at 14 and worked as an apprentice in a textile mill, before travelling around Europe taking whatever jobs were going. He spent quite some time in pre-war Paris and this is where he first started to write. In 1938 after the German annexation of Austria, Wander escaped back to Paris via Switzerland. After France declared war on Germany in 1939 he was interned and eventually sent back to Austria, where he ended up in Auschwitz concentration camp, later being sent to Buchenwald concentration camp. Wander survived the camps and after World War II he lived in East Germany (GDR) from 1958 – 1983. It was while a resident in the GDR that in 1971 "The Seventh Well" () was published, it was an account of his experiences in the concentration camps. The book won much critical acclaim following a later re-release, including the 2009 JQ Wingate Prize. Title: 2019 Copa América Passage: The 2019 Copa América will be the 46th edition of the Copa América, the quadrennial international men's football championship organized by South America's football ruling body CONMEBOL. It will be held in Brazil. The winner of the tournament will earn the right to compete for the 2021 FIFA Confederations Cup. Chile will be the defending champions. Title: Germans Passage: People of German origin are found in various places around the globe. United States is home to approximately 50 million German Americans or one third of the German diaspora, making it the largest centre of German-descended people outside Germany. Brazil is the second largest with 5 million people claiming German ancestry. Other significant centres are Canada, Argentina, South Africa and France each accounting for at least 1 million. While the exact number of German-descended people is difficult to calculate, the available data makes it safe to claim the number is exceeding 100 million people. Title: Tulelake Municipal Airport Passage: The airport is unique in that it is located on the site of the Tule Lake War Relocation Center, a concentration camp used during the Japanese American internment. Tule Lake housed some 29,000 men, women and children between 1942 and 1945, and the foundations or supports of many camp buildings are visible from the air by pilots in the landing pattern. Title: Paragraph 175 (film) Passage: Paragraph 175 is a documentary film released in 2000, directed by Rob Epstein and Jeffrey Friedman, and narrated by Rupert Everett. The film was produced by Rob Epstein, Jeffrey Friedman, Janet Cole, Michael Ehrenzweig, Sheila Nevins and Howard Rosenman. The film chronicles the lives of several gay men and one lesbian who were persecuted by the Nazis. The gay men were arrested by the Nazis for the crime of homosexuality under Paragraph 175, the sodomy provision of the German penal code, dating back to 1871. Between 1933 and 1945, 100,000 men were arrested under Paragraph 175. Some were imprisoned, others were sent to concentration camps. Only about 4,000 survived. Title: Addams Family Values Passage: Addams Family Values is a 1993 American supernatural black comedy film, the sequel to The Addams Family (1991). It was written by Paul Rudnick and directed by Barry Sonnenfeld, and features many cast members from the original, including Raúl Juliá, Anjelica Huston, Christopher Lloyd, Christina Ricci, Carel Struycken, Jimmy Workman, and Christopher Hart. Joan Cusack plays a serial killer who marries Uncle Fester (Lloyd) intending to murder him for his inheritance, while teenagers Wednesday (Ricci) and Pugsley (Workman) are sent to summer camp. Included in the soundtrack is ``Supernatural Thing '', which was a chart success for Ben E. King. Title: Jan Komski Passage: During World War II, he worked in the resistance movement. In 1940 he fled Poland and headed toward France to join Sikorski's Army that was being formed there. However, he was arrested at the border of Czechoslovakia and imprisoned in Nowy Sącz and Tarnów before being sent to Auschwitz I in the first prisoner transport to that concentration camp. He was given prisoner number 564 under the name Jon Baraś, due to the forged identification papers he was carrying when arrested. Title: 2018 FIFA World Cup squads Passage: The 2018 FIFA World Cup was an international football tournament held in Russia from 14 June to 15 July 2018. The 32 national teams involved in the tournament were required to register a squad of 23 players, including three goalkeepers. Only players in these squads were eligible to take part in the tournament. Title: David Rousset Passage: David Rousset (18 January 1912 in Roanne, Loire – 13 December 1997) was a French writer and political activist, a recipient of Prix Renaudot, a French literary award. A survivor of the Neuengamme concentration camp and the Buchenwald Nazi concentration camp, he is famous for his books about concentration camps. Title: Norbert Frýd Passage: Norbert Frýd (born Norbert Fried) (21 April 1913 – 18 March 1976) was a Czech writer, journalist and diplomat. He is known mainly for his autobiographical novel "Krabice živých" (A Box of Lives, 1956), in which he describes his experiences in Nazi concentration camps. During World War II, he was imprisoned in the Theresienstadt, Auschwitz and Dachau-Kaufering concentration camps. Title: Layla and Majnun Passage: When Majnun heard of her marriage, he fled the tribal camp and began wandering the surrounding desert. His family eventually gave up hope for his return and left food for him in the wilderness. He could sometimes be seen reciting poetry to himself or writing in the sand with a stick. Title: 2022 FIFA World Cup Passage: The 2022 FIFA World Cup is scheduled to be the 22nd edition of the FIFA World Cup, the quadrennial international men's football championship contested by the national teams of the member associations of FIFA. It is scheduled to take place in Qatar in 2022. This will be the first World Cup held in Asia since the 2002 tournament in South Korea and Japan. This will also be the first World Cup ever to be held in the Middle East, and in an Arab and a Muslim - majority country. This tournament will be the last to involve 32 teams, with an increase to 48 teams scheduled from the 2026 tournament. Title: Strasbourg Passage: Many people from Strasbourg were incorporated in the German Army against their will, and were sent to the eastern front, those young men and women were called Malgré-nous. Many tried to escape from the incorporation, join the French Resistance, or desert the Wehrmacht but many couldn't because they were running the risk of having their families sent to work or concentration camps by the Germans. Many of these men, especially those who did not answer the call immediately, were pressured to "volunteer" for service with the SS, often by direct threats on their families. This threat obliged the majority of them to remain in the German army. After the war, the few that survived were often accused of being traitors or collaborationists, because this tough situation was not known in the rest of France, and they had to face the incomprehension of many. In July 1944, 1500 malgré-nous were released from Soviet captivity and sent to Algiers, where they joined the Free French Forces. Nowadays history recognizes the suffering of those people, and museums, public discussions and memorials have been built to commemorate this terrible period of history of this part of Eastern France (Alsace and Moselle). Liberation of Strasbourg took place on 23 November 1944.	[ "Germans", "1989 Copa América", "Strasbourg" ]
4hop1__90366_83359_48661_15069	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "NATO has added new members seven times since its founding in 1949, and since 2017 NATO has had 29 members. Twelve countries were part of the founding of NATO: Belgium, Canada, Denmark, France, Iceland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, the United Kingdom, and the United States. In 1952, Greece and Turkey became members of the Alliance, joined later by West Germany (in 1955) and Spain (in 1982). In 1990, with the reunification of Germany, NATO grew to include the former country of East Germany. Between 1994 and 1997, wider forums for regional cooperation between NATO and its neighbors were set up, including the Partnership for Peace, the Mediterranean Dialogue initiative and the Euro - Atlantic Partnership Council. In 1997, three former Warsaw Pact countries, Hungary, the Czech Republic, and Poland, were invited to join NATO. After this fourth enlargement in 1999, the Vilnius group of The Baltics and seven East European countries formed in May 2000 to cooperate and lobby for further NATO membership. Seven of these countries joined in the fifth enlargement in 2004. The Adriatic States Albania and Croatia joined in the sixth enlargement in 2009, Montenegro in 2017.", "title": "Member states of NATO" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The creation of modern-day Eritrea is a result of the incorporation of independent, distinct kingdoms and sultanates (for example, Medri Bahri and the Sultanate of Aussa) eventually resulting in the formation of Italian Eritrea. In 1947 Eritrea became part of a federation with Ethiopia, the Federation of Ethiopia and Eritrea. Subsequent annexation into Ethiopia led to the Eritrean War of Independence, ending with Eritrean independence following a referendum in April 1993. Hostilities between Eritrea and Ethiopia persisted, leading to the Eritrean–Ethiopian War of 1998–2000 and further skirmishes with both Djibouti and Ethiopia.", "title": "Eritrea" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Of the many provisions in the treaty, one of the most important and controversial required ``Germany (to) accept the responsibility of Germany and her allies for causing all the loss and damage ''during the war (the other members of the Central Powers signed treaties containing similar articles). This article, Article 231, later became known as the War Guilt clause. The treaty forced Germany to disarm, make substantial territorial concessions, and pay reparations to certain countries that had formed the Entente powers. In 1921 the total cost of these reparations was assessed at 132 billion marks (then $31.4 billion or £6.6 billion, roughly equivalent to US $442 billion or UK £284 billion in 2018). At the time economists, notably John Maynard Keynes (a British delegate to the Paris Peace Conference), predicted that the treaty was too harsh -- a`` Carthaginian peace'' -- and said the reparations figure was excessive and counter-productive, views that, since then, have been the subject of ongoing debate by historians and economists from several countries. On the other hand, prominent figures on the Allied side such as French Marshal Ferdinand Foch criticized the treaty for treating Germany too leniently.", "title": "Treaty of Versailles" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The composition of the Council was changed several times. The number of non-permanent members was first increased to six on 22 September 1922 and to nine on 8 September 1926. Werner Dankwort of Germany pushed for his country to join the League; joining in 1926, Germany became the fifth permanent member of the Council. Later, after Germany and Japan both left the League, the number of non-permanent seats was increased from nine to eleven, and the Soviet Union was made a permanent member giving the Council a total of fifteen members. The Council met, on average, five times a year and in extraordinary sessions when required. In total, 107 sessions were held between 1920 and 1939.", "title": "League of Nations" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The eight member countries of the Warsaw Pact pledged the mutual defense of any member who would be attacked. Relations among the treaty signatories were based upon mutual non-intervention in the internal affairs of the member countries, respect for national sovereignty, and political independence. However, almost all governments of those member states were indirectly controlled by the Soviet Union.", "title": "Warsaw Pact" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In the early 1930s, the worldwide Great Depression hit Germany hard, as unemployment soared and people lost confidence in the government. In January 1933, Adolf Hitler was appointed Chancellor of Germany. His Nazi Party quickly established a totalitarian regime, and Nazi Germany made increasingly aggressive territorial demands, threatening war if they were not met. Remilitarization of the Rhineland came in 1936, then annexation of Austria in the Anschluss and parts of Czechoslovakia with the Munich Agreement in 1938, and further territory of Czechoslovakia in 1939. On 1 September 1939, Germany initiated World War II in Europe with the invasion of Poland. After forming a pact with the Soviet Union in 1939, Hitler and Stalin divided Eastern Europe. After a \"Phoney War\" in spring 1940, the Germans swept Denmark and Norway, the Low Countries, and France, giving Germany control of nearly all of Western Europe. Hitler invaded the Soviet Union in June 1941.", "title": "History of Germany" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Israel has one of the highest ratios of defense spending to GDP of all developed countries, only topped by Oman and Saudi Arabia. In 1984, for example, the country spent 24% of its GDP on defense. By 2006, that figure had dropped to 7.3%. Israel is one of the world's largest arms exporters, and was ranked fourth in the world for weapons exports in 2007. The majority of Israel's arms exports are unreported for security reasons. Since 1967, the United States has been a particularly notable foreign contributor of military aid to Israel: the US is expected to provide the country with $3.15 billion per year from 2013 to 2018. Israel is consistently rated low in the Global Peace Index, ranking 148th out of 162 nations for peacefulness in 2015.", "title": "Israel" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Soviet propaganda and representatives went to great lengths to minimize the importance of the fact that they had opposed and fought against the Nazis in various ways for a decade prior to signing the Pact. Upon signing the pact, Molotov tried to reassure the Germans of his good intentions by commenting to journalists that \"fascism is a matter of taste\". For its part, Nazi Germany also did a public volte-face regarding its virulent opposition to the Soviet Union, though Hitler still viewed an attack on the Soviet Union as \"inevitable\".[citation needed]", "title": "Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The stated clauses of the Nazi-Soviet non-aggression pact were a guarantee of non-belligerence by each party towards the other, and a written commitment that neither party would ally itself to, or aid, an enemy of the other party. In addition to stipulations of non-aggression, the treaty included a secret protocol that divided territories of Romania, Poland, Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia, and Finland into German and Soviet \"spheres of influence\", anticipating potential \"territorial and political rearrangements\" of these countries. Thereafter, Germany invaded Poland on 1 September 1939. After the Soviet–Japanese ceasefire agreement took effect on 16 September, Stalin ordered his own invasion of Poland on 17 September. Part of southeastern (Karelia) and Salla region in Finland were annexed by the Soviet Union after the Winter War. This was followed by Soviet annexations of Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, and parts of Romania (Bessarabia, Northern Bukovina, and the Hertza region). Concern about ethnic Ukrainians and Belarusians had been proffered as justification for the Soviet invasion of Poland. Stalin's invasion of Bukovina in 1940 violated the pact, as it went beyond the Soviet sphere of influence agreed with the Axis.", "title": "Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In 1939 the Regierungsbezirk Zichenau was annexed by Germany and incorporated into East Prussia. Parts of it were transferred to other regions, e.g. Suwałki to Regierungsbezirk Gumbinnen and Soldau to Regierungsbezirk Allenstein. Despite Nazi propaganda presenting all of the regions annexed as possessing significant German populations that wanted reunification with Germany, the Reich's statistics of late 1939 show that only 31,000 out of 994,092 people in this territory were ethnic Germans.[citation needed]", "title": "East Prussia" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Soviet Union suffered greatly in the war, losing around 27 million people. Approximately 2.8 million Soviet POWs died of starvation, mistreatment, or executions in just eight months of 1941 -- 42. During the war, the Soviet Union together with the United States, the United Kingdom and China were considered as the Big Four of Allied powers in World War II and later became the Four Policemen which was the foundation of the United Nations Security Council. It emerged as a superpower in the post-war period. Once denied diplomatic recognition by the Western world, the Soviet Union had official relations with practically every nation by the late 1940s. A member of the United Nations at its foundation in 1945, the Soviet Union became one of the five permanent members of the United Nations Security Council, which gave it the right to veto any of its resolutions.", "title": "Soviet Union" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Kellogg–Briand Pact (or Pact of Paris, officially General Treaty for Renunciation of War as an Instrument of National Policy) is a 1928 international agreement in which signatory states promised not to use war to resolve \"disputes or conflicts of whatever nature or of whatever origin they may be, which may arise among them\". Parties failing to abide by this promise \"should be denied of the benefits furnished by [the] treaty\". It was signed by Germany, France, and the United States on 27 August 1928, and by most other states soon after. Sponsored by France and the U.S., the Pact renounced the use of war and calls for the peaceful settlement of disputes. Similar provisions were incorporated into the Charter of the United Nations and other treaties and it became a stepping-stone to a more activist American policy. It is named after its authors, United States Secretary of State Frank B. Kellogg and French foreign minister Aristide Briand. The pact was concluded outside the League of Nations and remains in effect.", "title": "Kellogg–Briand Pact" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Armenia is member of Collective Security Treaty Organisation (CSTO) along with Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan. It participates in NATO's Partnership for Peace (PiP) program and is in a NATO organisation called Euro-Atlantic Partnership Council (EAPC). Armenia has engaged in a peacekeeping mission in Kosovo as part of non-NATO KFOR troops under Greek command. Armenia also had 46 members of its military peacekeeping forces as a part of the Coalition Forces in Iraq War until October 2008.", "title": "Armenia" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "As a consequence of the war, the Allies created the United Nations, an organization for international cooperation and diplomacy, similar to the League of Nations. Members of the United Nations agreed to outlaw wars of aggression in an attempt to avoid a third world war. The devastated great powers of Western Europe formed the European Coal and Steel Community, which later evolved into the European Common Market and ultimately into the current European Union. This effort primarily began as an attempt to avoid another war between Germany and France by economic cooperation and integration, and a common market for important natural resources.", "title": "Aftermath of World War II" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Molotov -- Ribbentrop Pact, also known as the Nazi -- Soviet Pact, the German -- Soviet Non-aggression Pact or the Nazi German -- Soviet Pact of Aggression (officially: Treaty of Non-aggression between Germany and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics), was a neutrality pact between Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union signed in Moscow on 23 August 1939 by foreign ministers Joachim von Ribbentrop and Vyacheslav Molotov, respectively. The pact was followed by the German - Soviet Commercial Agreement in February 1940.", "title": "Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "As of 29 February 2016, 124 countries were contributing a total of 105,314 personnel in Peacekeeping Operations, with Ethiopia leading the tally (8,324), followed by India (7,695) and Bangladesh (7,525). In June 2013. Pakistan contributed the highest number overall with 8,186 personnel, followed by India (7,878), Bangladesh (7,799), Ethiopia (6,502), Rwanda (4,686), Nigeria (4,684), Nepal (4,495), Jordan (3,374), Ghana (2,859), and Egypt (2,750). As of 28 February 2015, 120 countries were contributing a total of 104,928 personnel in Peacekeeping Operations, with Bangladesh leading the tally (9446). As of March 2008, in addition to military and police personnel, 5,187 international civilian personnel, 2,031 UN Volunteers and 12,036 local civilian personnel worked in UN peacekeeping missions.", "title": "United Nations peacekeeping" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "On August 19, the 1939 German–Soviet Commercial Agreement was finally signed. On 21 August, the Soviets suspended Tripartite military talks, citing other reasons. That same day, Stalin received assurance that Germany would approve secret protocols to the proposed non-aggression pact that would place half of Poland (border along the Vistula river), Latvia, Estonia, Finland, and Bessarabia in the Soviets' sphere of influence. That night, Stalin replied that the Soviets were willing to sign the pact and that he would receive Ribbentrop on 23 August.", "title": "Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "During the Middle Ages, the Eritrea region was known as Medri Bahri (\"sea-land\"). The name Eritrea is derived from the ancient Greek name for Red Sea (Ἐρυθρὰ Θάλασσα Erythra Thalassa, based on the adjective ἐρυθρός erythros \"red\"). It was first formally adopted in 1890, with the formation of Italian Eritrea (Colonia Eritrea). The territory became the Eritrea Governorate within Italian East Africa in 1936. Eritrea was annexed by Ethiopia in 1953 (nominally within a federation until 1962) and an Eritrean Liberation Front formed in 1960. Eritrea gained independence following the 1993 referendum, and the name of the new state was defined as State of Eritrea in the 1997 constitution.[citation needed]", "title": "Eritrea" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Treaty of Versailles (French: Traité de Versailles) was the most important of the peace treaties that brought World War I to an end. The Treaty ended the state of war between Germany and the Allied Powers. It was signed on 28 June 1919 in Versailles, exactly five years after the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand. The other Central Powers on the German side of World War I signed separate treaties. Although the armistice, signed on 11 November 1918, ended the actual fighting, it took six months of Allied negotiations at the Paris Peace Conference to conclude the peace treaty. The treaty was registered by the Secretariat of the League of Nations on 21 October 1919.", "title": "Treaty of Versailles" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "After the dissolution of the Soviet Union, Ukraine inherited a 780,000-man military force on its territory, equipped with the third-largest nuclear weapons arsenal in the world. In May 1992, Ukraine signed the Lisbon Protocol in which the country agreed to give up all nuclear weapons to Russia for disposal and to join the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty as a non-nuclear weapon state. Ukraine ratified the treaty in 1994, and by 1996 the country became free of nuclear weapons.Ukraine took consistent steps toward reduction of conventional weapons. It signed the Treaty on Conventional Armed Forces in Europe, which called for reduction of tanks, artillery, and armoured vehicles (army forces were reduced to 300,000). The country plans to convert the current conscript-based military into a professional volunteer military.", "title": "Ukraine" } ]	When was Eritrea annexed by the largest troop contributor to the group in which the US and country signing a non-aggression pact with Germany in 1939 became important members?	1953	[]	Title: Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact Passage: The stated clauses of the Nazi-Soviet non-aggression pact were a guarantee of non-belligerence by each party towards the other, and a written commitment that neither party would ally itself to, or aid, an enemy of the other party. In addition to stipulations of non-aggression, the treaty included a secret protocol that divided territories of Romania, Poland, Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia, and Finland into German and Soviet "spheres of influence", anticipating potential "territorial and political rearrangements" of these countries. Thereafter, Germany invaded Poland on 1 September 1939. After the Soviet–Japanese ceasefire agreement took effect on 16 September, Stalin ordered his own invasion of Poland on 17 September. Part of southeastern (Karelia) and Salla region in Finland were annexed by the Soviet Union after the Winter War. This was followed by Soviet annexations of Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, and parts of Romania (Bessarabia, Northern Bukovina, and the Hertza region). Concern about ethnic Ukrainians and Belarusians had been proffered as justification for the Soviet invasion of Poland. Stalin's invasion of Bukovina in 1940 violated the pact, as it went beyond the Soviet sphere of influence agreed with the Axis. Title: United Nations peacekeeping Passage: As of 29 February 2016, 124 countries were contributing a total of 105,314 personnel in Peacekeeping Operations, with Ethiopia leading the tally (8,324), followed by India (7,695) and Bangladesh (7,525). In June 2013. Pakistan contributed the highest number overall with 8,186 personnel, followed by India (7,878), Bangladesh (7,799), Ethiopia (6,502), Rwanda (4,686), Nigeria (4,684), Nepal (4,495), Jordan (3,374), Ghana (2,859), and Egypt (2,750). As of 28 February 2015, 120 countries were contributing a total of 104,928 personnel in Peacekeeping Operations, with Bangladesh leading the tally (9446). As of March 2008, in addition to military and police personnel, 5,187 international civilian personnel, 2,031 UN Volunteers and 12,036 local civilian personnel worked in UN peacekeeping missions. Title: Treaty of Versailles Passage: Of the many provisions in the treaty, one of the most important and controversial required ``Germany (to) accept the responsibility of Germany and her allies for causing all the loss and damage ''during the war (the other members of the Central Powers signed treaties containing similar articles). This article, Article 231, later became known as the War Guilt clause. The treaty forced Germany to disarm, make substantial territorial concessions, and pay reparations to certain countries that had formed the Entente powers. In 1921 the total cost of these reparations was assessed at 132 billion marks (then $31.4 billion or £6.6 billion, roughly equivalent to US $442 billion or UK £284 billion in 2018). At the time economists, notably John Maynard Keynes (a British delegate to the Paris Peace Conference), predicted that the treaty was too harsh -- a`` Carthaginian peace'' -- and said the reparations figure was excessive and counter-productive, views that, since then, have been the subject of ongoing debate by historians and economists from several countries. On the other hand, prominent figures on the Allied side such as French Marshal Ferdinand Foch criticized the treaty for treating Germany too leniently. Title: Kellogg–Briand Pact Passage: The Kellogg–Briand Pact (or Pact of Paris, officially General Treaty for Renunciation of War as an Instrument of National Policy) is a 1928 international agreement in which signatory states promised not to use war to resolve "disputes or conflicts of whatever nature or of whatever origin they may be, which may arise among them". Parties failing to abide by this promise "should be denied of the benefits furnished by [the] treaty". It was signed by Germany, France, and the United States on 27 August 1928, and by most other states soon after. Sponsored by France and the U.S., the Pact renounced the use of war and calls for the peaceful settlement of disputes. Similar provisions were incorporated into the Charter of the United Nations and other treaties and it became a stepping-stone to a more activist American policy. It is named after its authors, United States Secretary of State Frank B. Kellogg and French foreign minister Aristide Briand. The pact was concluded outside the League of Nations and remains in effect. Title: Eritrea Passage: During the Middle Ages, the Eritrea region was known as Medri Bahri ("sea-land"). The name Eritrea is derived from the ancient Greek name for Red Sea (Ἐρυθρὰ Θάλασσα Erythra Thalassa, based on the adjective ἐρυθρός erythros "red"). It was first formally adopted in 1890, with the formation of Italian Eritrea (Colonia Eritrea). The territory became the Eritrea Governorate within Italian East Africa in 1936. Eritrea was annexed by Ethiopia in 1953 (nominally within a federation until 1962) and an Eritrean Liberation Front formed in 1960. Eritrea gained independence following the 1993 referendum, and the name of the new state was defined as State of Eritrea in the 1997 constitution.[citation needed] Title: Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact Passage: Soviet propaganda and representatives went to great lengths to minimize the importance of the fact that they had opposed and fought against the Nazis in various ways for a decade prior to signing the Pact. Upon signing the pact, Molotov tried to reassure the Germans of his good intentions by commenting to journalists that "fascism is a matter of taste". For its part, Nazi Germany also did a public volte-face regarding its virulent opposition to the Soviet Union, though Hitler still viewed an attack on the Soviet Union as "inevitable".[citation needed] Title: Eritrea Passage: The creation of modern-day Eritrea is a result of the incorporation of independent, distinct kingdoms and sultanates (for example, Medri Bahri and the Sultanate of Aussa) eventually resulting in the formation of Italian Eritrea. In 1947 Eritrea became part of a federation with Ethiopia, the Federation of Ethiopia and Eritrea. Subsequent annexation into Ethiopia led to the Eritrean War of Independence, ending with Eritrean independence following a referendum in April 1993. Hostilities between Eritrea and Ethiopia persisted, leading to the Eritrean–Ethiopian War of 1998–2000 and further skirmishes with both Djibouti and Ethiopia. Title: Treaty of Versailles Passage: The Treaty of Versailles (French: Traité de Versailles) was the most important of the peace treaties that brought World War I to an end. The Treaty ended the state of war between Germany and the Allied Powers. It was signed on 28 June 1919 in Versailles, exactly five years after the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand. The other Central Powers on the German side of World War I signed separate treaties. Although the armistice, signed on 11 November 1918, ended the actual fighting, it took six months of Allied negotiations at the Paris Peace Conference to conclude the peace treaty. The treaty was registered by the Secretariat of the League of Nations on 21 October 1919. Title: Member states of NATO Passage: NATO has added new members seven times since its founding in 1949, and since 2017 NATO has had 29 members. Twelve countries were part of the founding of NATO: Belgium, Canada, Denmark, France, Iceland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, the United Kingdom, and the United States. In 1952, Greece and Turkey became members of the Alliance, joined later by West Germany (in 1955) and Spain (in 1982). In 1990, with the reunification of Germany, NATO grew to include the former country of East Germany. Between 1994 and 1997, wider forums for regional cooperation between NATO and its neighbors were set up, including the Partnership for Peace, the Mediterranean Dialogue initiative and the Euro - Atlantic Partnership Council. In 1997, three former Warsaw Pact countries, Hungary, the Czech Republic, and Poland, were invited to join NATO. After this fourth enlargement in 1999, the Vilnius group of The Baltics and seven East European countries formed in May 2000 to cooperate and lobby for further NATO membership. Seven of these countries joined in the fifth enlargement in 2004. The Adriatic States Albania and Croatia joined in the sixth enlargement in 2009, Montenegro in 2017. Title: Aftermath of World War II Passage: As a consequence of the war, the Allies created the United Nations, an organization for international cooperation and diplomacy, similar to the League of Nations. Members of the United Nations agreed to outlaw wars of aggression in an attempt to avoid a third world war. The devastated great powers of Western Europe formed the European Coal and Steel Community, which later evolved into the European Common Market and ultimately into the current European Union. This effort primarily began as an attempt to avoid another war between Germany and France by economic cooperation and integration, and a common market for important natural resources. Title: Warsaw Pact Passage: The eight member countries of the Warsaw Pact pledged the mutual defense of any member who would be attacked. Relations among the treaty signatories were based upon mutual non-intervention in the internal affairs of the member countries, respect for national sovereignty, and political independence. However, almost all governments of those member states were indirectly controlled by the Soviet Union. Title: Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact Passage: On August 19, the 1939 German–Soviet Commercial Agreement was finally signed. On 21 August, the Soviets suspended Tripartite military talks, citing other reasons. That same day, Stalin received assurance that Germany would approve secret protocols to the proposed non-aggression pact that would place half of Poland (border along the Vistula river), Latvia, Estonia, Finland, and Bessarabia in the Soviets' sphere of influence. That night, Stalin replied that the Soviets were willing to sign the pact and that he would receive Ribbentrop on 23 August. Title: Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact Passage: The Molotov -- Ribbentrop Pact, also known as the Nazi -- Soviet Pact, the German -- Soviet Non-aggression Pact or the Nazi German -- Soviet Pact of Aggression (officially: Treaty of Non-aggression between Germany and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics), was a neutrality pact between Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union signed in Moscow on 23 August 1939 by foreign ministers Joachim von Ribbentrop and Vyacheslav Molotov, respectively. The pact was followed by the German - Soviet Commercial Agreement in February 1940. Title: Soviet Union Passage: The Soviet Union suffered greatly in the war, losing around 27 million people. Approximately 2.8 million Soviet POWs died of starvation, mistreatment, or executions in just eight months of 1941 -- 42. During the war, the Soviet Union together with the United States, the United Kingdom and China were considered as the Big Four of Allied powers in World War II and later became the Four Policemen which was the foundation of the United Nations Security Council. It emerged as a superpower in the post-war period. Once denied diplomatic recognition by the Western world, the Soviet Union had official relations with practically every nation by the late 1940s. A member of the United Nations at its foundation in 1945, the Soviet Union became one of the five permanent members of the United Nations Security Council, which gave it the right to veto any of its resolutions. Title: League of Nations Passage: The composition of the Council was changed several times. The number of non-permanent members was first increased to six on 22 September 1922 and to nine on 8 September 1926. Werner Dankwort of Germany pushed for his country to join the League; joining in 1926, Germany became the fifth permanent member of the Council. Later, after Germany and Japan both left the League, the number of non-permanent seats was increased from nine to eleven, and the Soviet Union was made a permanent member giving the Council a total of fifteen members. The Council met, on average, five times a year and in extraordinary sessions when required. In total, 107 sessions were held between 1920 and 1939. Title: History of Germany Passage: In the early 1930s, the worldwide Great Depression hit Germany hard, as unemployment soared and people lost confidence in the government. In January 1933, Adolf Hitler was appointed Chancellor of Germany. His Nazi Party quickly established a totalitarian regime, and Nazi Germany made increasingly aggressive territorial demands, threatening war if they were not met. Remilitarization of the Rhineland came in 1936, then annexation of Austria in the Anschluss and parts of Czechoslovakia with the Munich Agreement in 1938, and further territory of Czechoslovakia in 1939. On 1 September 1939, Germany initiated World War II in Europe with the invasion of Poland. After forming a pact with the Soviet Union in 1939, Hitler and Stalin divided Eastern Europe. After a "Phoney War" in spring 1940, the Germans swept Denmark and Norway, the Low Countries, and France, giving Germany control of nearly all of Western Europe. Hitler invaded the Soviet Union in June 1941. Title: East Prussia Passage: In 1939 the Regierungsbezirk Zichenau was annexed by Germany and incorporated into East Prussia. Parts of it were transferred to other regions, e.g. Suwałki to Regierungsbezirk Gumbinnen and Soldau to Regierungsbezirk Allenstein. Despite Nazi propaganda presenting all of the regions annexed as possessing significant German populations that wanted reunification with Germany, the Reich's statistics of late 1939 show that only 31,000 out of 994,092 people in this territory were ethnic Germans.[citation needed] Title: Israel Passage: Israel has one of the highest ratios of defense spending to GDP of all developed countries, only topped by Oman and Saudi Arabia. In 1984, for example, the country spent 24% of its GDP on defense. By 2006, that figure had dropped to 7.3%. Israel is one of the world's largest arms exporters, and was ranked fourth in the world for weapons exports in 2007. The majority of Israel's arms exports are unreported for security reasons. Since 1967, the United States has been a particularly notable foreign contributor of military aid to Israel: the US is expected to provide the country with $3.15 billion per year from 2013 to 2018. Israel is consistently rated low in the Global Peace Index, ranking 148th out of 162 nations for peacefulness in 2015. Title: Ukraine Passage: After the dissolution of the Soviet Union, Ukraine inherited a 780,000-man military force on its territory, equipped with the third-largest nuclear weapons arsenal in the world. In May 1992, Ukraine signed the Lisbon Protocol in which the country agreed to give up all nuclear weapons to Russia for disposal and to join the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty as a non-nuclear weapon state. Ukraine ratified the treaty in 1994, and by 1996 the country became free of nuclear weapons.Ukraine took consistent steps toward reduction of conventional weapons. It signed the Treaty on Conventional Armed Forces in Europe, which called for reduction of tanks, artillery, and armoured vehicles (army forces were reduced to 300,000). The country plans to convert the current conscript-based military into a professional volunteer military. Title: Armenia Passage: Armenia is member of Collective Security Treaty Organisation (CSTO) along with Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan. It participates in NATO's Partnership for Peace (PiP) program and is in a NATO organisation called Euro-Atlantic Partnership Council (EAPC). Armenia has engaged in a peacekeeping mission in Kosovo as part of non-NATO KFOR troops under Greek command. Armenia also had 46 members of its military peacekeeping forces as a part of the Coalition Forces in Iraq War until October 2008.	[ "Soviet Union", "Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact", "United Nations peacekeeping", "Eritrea" ]
2hop__490962_62766	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "BULLET::::- Actor Brent Stait played Kent Nelson/Doctor Fate in the \"Smallville\" two-part episode \"Absolute Justice\", with Erica Carroll as Inza Nelson. The Helmet of Nabu reappeared in the season 10 episode \"Lazarus\".", "title": "Doctor Fate" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Doctor The Twelfth Doctor Doctor Who character Peter Capaldi as the Twelfth Doctor First regular appearance ``The Time of the Doctor ''Last regular appearance`` Twice Upon a Time'' Portrayed by Peter Capaldi Preceded by Matt Smith Succeeded by Jodie Whittaker Information Tenure 25 December 2013 -- 25 December 2017 No of series Appearances 35 stories (40 episodes) Companions Clara Oswald River Song Nardole Bill Potts Chronology Series Series 8 (2014) Series 9 (2015) Series 10 (2017) Previous version Eleventh Doctor Next version Thirteenth Doctor", "title": "Twelfth Doctor" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Intrigued by an ominous figure in one of Vincent van Gogh's paintings, alien time traveller the Doctor (Matt Smith) and his companion Amy Pond (Karen Gillan) go back in time to meet Van Gogh (Tony Curran) and discover that Provence has been plagued by an invisible monster, known as the Krafayis, which only Van Gogh can see. The Doctor and Amy work with Van Gogh to defeat the Krafayis, but in their attempt to have Van Gogh realise his legacy through bringing him to the future they ultimately realise that not all of time can be rewritten and there are some evils which are out of the Doctor's reach.", "title": "Vincent and the Doctor" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Willem Dafoe and Jason Liles as Ryuk: A demonic god of death and the creator of the Death Note, who begins communicating with Light when he receives the book and warns him about its repercussions. Liles played the character in costume, while Dafoe provided voice work and performance capture for the facial elements.", "title": "Death Note (2017 film)" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Chromolaena odorata is a tropical and subtropical species of flowering shrub in the sunflower family. It is native to the Americas, from Florida and Texas in the United States south through Mexico and the Caribbean to South America. It has been introduced to tropical Asia, west Africa, and parts of Australia. Common names include Siam weed, Christmas bush, devil weed, camphor grass, common floss flower, communist green and triffid.", "title": "Chromolaena odorata" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The flag of the State of Kansas was adopted in 1927. The elements of the state flag include the state seal and a sunflower. This original design was modified in 1961 to add the name of the state at the bottom of the flag.", "title": "Flag of Kansas" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Karen Gillan (born 28 November 1987) is a Scottish actress, director, and screenwriter. She played the role of Amy Pond, companion to the Eleventh Doctor, in the BBC One science fiction series Doctor Who (2010 -- 2013). In film, she portrayed Nebula in the Marvel Cinematic Universe films Guardians of the Galaxy (2014) and Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 2 (2017), the upcoming Avengers: Infinity War (2018), and its untitled sequel (2019), and also played Ruby Roundhouse in the box - office hit Jumanji: Welcome to the Jungle (2017).", "title": "Karen Gillan" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Arnica latifolia is a species of arnica in the sunflower family, known by the common names broadleaf arnica, broad leaved arnica, mountain arnica, and daffodil leopardbane. It is native to western North America from Alaska east to Northwest Territories and south to Mono County, California and Taos County, New Mexico. It grows in mountain habitat such as forest and meadows.", "title": "Arnica latifolia" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "She attended the British drama school East 15 in 2005, and left after winning a high - profile role in the BBC drama Waterloo Road, playing the bully Leigh - Ann Galloway. Since that role, Matthews has continued to act in BBC's Doctors, playing Connie Whitfield; in ITV's The Bill playing drug addict Josie Clarke; and she was back in the BBC soap Doctors in 2009, playing Tansy Flack.", "title": "Holly Matthews" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Painter of Sunflowers (in French: Le Peintre de Tournesols) is a portrait of Vincent van Gogh by Paul Gauguin in December 1888.", "title": "The Painter of Sunflowers" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Sunflowers (original title, in French: Tournesols) is the name of two series of still life paintings by the Dutch painter Vincent van Gogh. The first series, executed in Paris in 1887, depicts the flowers lying on the ground, while the second set, executed a year later in Arles, shows a bouquet of sunflowers in a vase. In the artist's mind both sets were linked by the name of his friend Paul Gauguin, who acquired two of the Paris versions. About eight months later van Gogh hoped to welcome and to impress Gauguin again with \"Sunflowers\", now part of the painted \"Décoration for the Yellow House\" that he prepared for the guestroom of his home in Arles, where Gauguin was supposed to stay. After Gauguin's departure, van Gogh imagined the two major versions as wings of the \"Berceuse Triptych\", and finally he included them in his Les XX in Bruxelles exhibit.", "title": "Sunflowers (Van Gogh series)" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Make Love, Not Warcraft\" is the eighth episode in the tenth season of the American animated television series \"South Park\". The 147th episode overall, it first aired on Comedy Central in the United States on October 4, 2006. In the episode, Cartman, Kyle, Stan, and Kenny enjoy playing the popular massively multiplayer online role-playing game \"World of Warcraft\". When a high level player goes around killing other players in the game, they start playing the game every day to try to stop him. The episode was written and directed by series co-creator Trey Parker. In 2015, he and co-creator Matt Stone listed it as their third favorite episode of the series.", "title": "Make Love, Not Warcraft" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Tenth Doctor is an incarnation of the Doctor, the protagonist of the BBC science fiction television programme Doctor Who, who is played by David Tennant in three series as well as nine specials. As with previous incarnations of the Doctor, the character has also appeared in other Doctor Who spin - offs. In the programme's narrative, the Doctor is a centuries - old Time Lord alien from the planet Gallifrey who travels in time in his TARDIS, frequently with companions. At the end of life, the Doctor can regenerate his body; in doing so, his physical appearance and personality change, and a new actor assumes the role. Tennant's portrayal of the Doctor is of an outwardly charismatic and charming adventurer whose likable and easygoing attitude can quickly turn to righteous fury when provoked.", "title": "Tenth Doctor" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Paulina Salas is a former political prisoner in an unnamed Latin American country who had been raped by her captors, led by a sadistic doctor whose face she never saw. The rapist doctor played Schubert's composition Death and the Maiden during the act of rape; hence the play's title.", "title": "Death and the Maiden (play)" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Messengers is a 2007 Canadian-American supernatural horror film directed by the Pang Brothers, and produced by Sam Raimi. It stars Kristen Stewart, John Corbett, William B. Davis, Dylan McDermott, and Penelope Ann Miller. The film is about an ominous darkness that invades a seemingly serene sunflower farm in North Dakota, and the Solomon family—the owners of the farm—who are torn apart by suspicion, mayhem, and murder.", "title": "The Messengers (film)" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Helianthus\" × \"laetiflorus, the cheerful sunflower or perennial sunflower, is a plant in the daisy family, Asteraceae. It is widespread in scattered locations across much of Canada from Newfoundland to British Columbia, and the central and eastern United States as far south as Texas and Georgia.", "title": "Helianthus × laetiflorus" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Tony Amendola (born August 24, 1951) is an American actor who is best known for playing the Jaffa master Bra'tac in Stargate SG - 1. Amendola is also known for his recurring role as revolutionary leader Edouard Kagame of Liber8 in the television show Continuum. He is currently playing a character on ABC's Once Upon a Time as Pinocchio's creator / father, Geppetto.", "title": "Tony Amendola" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Self-Portrait with a Sunflower is a self-portrait by Anthony van Dyck, a Flemish Baroque artist from Antwerp, Spanish Netherlands. The oil on canvas is thought to have been painted between the years 1632-1633. Produced at the height of his fame, Anthony van Dyck served as \"principal Paynter in order to their Majesties\" in the court of Charles I of England whilst working on this self-portrait. The symbolism behind the sunflower and gold chain have been a point of contention amongst various art historians. His successful ventures in the southern part of the Netherlands and Italy propelled him into a career as court painter and made him a favourite of King Charles I and his court. Van Dyck's devotion for capturing the likeness of his models gave him authority over the world of portraiture long after his death in 1641. With such a long and storied career in art, his portrait technique evolved into what is referred to as his Late English period as seen in \"Self-Portrait with a Sunflower\". This work is now in the private collection of the Duke of Westminster, housed at Eaton Hall in Cheshire.", "title": "Self-Portrait with a Sunflower" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Doctors & Dealers is a one-woman band based in Stockholm, Sweden. The principal member is Sparrow Lindgren who frequently works with collaborator Anders Lager on recordings and several additional band members when playing live shows.", "title": "Doctors & Dealers" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Tim Cain is an American video game developer best known as the creator, producer, lead programmer and one of the main designers of the 1997 computer game \"Fallout\". In 2009 he was chosen by IGN as one of the top 100 game creators of all time.", "title": "Tim Cain" } ]	Who plays the creator of Sunflowers in Doctor Who?	Tony Curran	[]	Title: Doctors & Dealers Passage: Doctors & Dealers is a one-woman band based in Stockholm, Sweden. The principal member is Sparrow Lindgren who frequently works with collaborator Anders Lager on recordings and several additional band members when playing live shows. Title: Twelfth Doctor Passage: The Doctor The Twelfth Doctor Doctor Who character Peter Capaldi as the Twelfth Doctor First regular appearance ``The Time of the Doctor ''Last regular appearance`` Twice Upon a Time'' Portrayed by Peter Capaldi Preceded by Matt Smith Succeeded by Jodie Whittaker Information Tenure 25 December 2013 -- 25 December 2017 No of series Appearances 35 stories (40 episodes) Companions Clara Oswald River Song Nardole Bill Potts Chronology Series Series 8 (2014) Series 9 (2015) Series 10 (2017) Previous version Eleventh Doctor Next version Thirteenth Doctor Title: Holly Matthews Passage: She attended the British drama school East 15 in 2005, and left after winning a high - profile role in the BBC drama Waterloo Road, playing the bully Leigh - Ann Galloway. Since that role, Matthews has continued to act in BBC's Doctors, playing Connie Whitfield; in ITV's The Bill playing drug addict Josie Clarke; and she was back in the BBC soap Doctors in 2009, playing Tansy Flack. Title: Doctor Fate Passage: BULLET::::- Actor Brent Stait played Kent Nelson/Doctor Fate in the "Smallville" two-part episode "Absolute Justice", with Erica Carroll as Inza Nelson. The Helmet of Nabu reappeared in the season 10 episode "Lazarus". Title: Death Note (2017 film) Passage: Willem Dafoe and Jason Liles as Ryuk: A demonic god of death and the creator of the Death Note, who begins communicating with Light when he receives the book and warns him about its repercussions. Liles played the character in costume, while Dafoe provided voice work and performance capture for the facial elements. Title: Death and the Maiden (play) Passage: Paulina Salas is a former political prisoner in an unnamed Latin American country who had been raped by her captors, led by a sadistic doctor whose face she never saw. The rapist doctor played Schubert's composition Death and the Maiden during the act of rape; hence the play's title. Title: Chromolaena odorata Passage: Chromolaena odorata is a tropical and subtropical species of flowering shrub in the sunflower family. It is native to the Americas, from Florida and Texas in the United States south through Mexico and the Caribbean to South America. It has been introduced to tropical Asia, west Africa, and parts of Australia. Common names include Siam weed, Christmas bush, devil weed, camphor grass, common floss flower, communist green and triffid. Title: Make Love, Not Warcraft Passage: "Make Love, Not Warcraft" is the eighth episode in the tenth season of the American animated television series "South Park". The 147th episode overall, it first aired on Comedy Central in the United States on October 4, 2006. In the episode, Cartman, Kyle, Stan, and Kenny enjoy playing the popular massively multiplayer online role-playing game "World of Warcraft". When a high level player goes around killing other players in the game, they start playing the game every day to try to stop him. The episode was written and directed by series co-creator Trey Parker. In 2015, he and co-creator Matt Stone listed it as their third favorite episode of the series. Title: Karen Gillan Passage: Karen Gillan (born 28 November 1987) is a Scottish actress, director, and screenwriter. She played the role of Amy Pond, companion to the Eleventh Doctor, in the BBC One science fiction series Doctor Who (2010 -- 2013). In film, she portrayed Nebula in the Marvel Cinematic Universe films Guardians of the Galaxy (2014) and Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 2 (2017), the upcoming Avengers: Infinity War (2018), and its untitled sequel (2019), and also played Ruby Roundhouse in the box - office hit Jumanji: Welcome to the Jungle (2017). Title: Self-Portrait with a Sunflower Passage: Self-Portrait with a Sunflower is a self-portrait by Anthony van Dyck, a Flemish Baroque artist from Antwerp, Spanish Netherlands. The oil on canvas is thought to have been painted between the years 1632-1633. Produced at the height of his fame, Anthony van Dyck served as "principal Paynter in order to their Majesties" in the court of Charles I of England whilst working on this self-portrait. The symbolism behind the sunflower and gold chain have been a point of contention amongst various art historians. His successful ventures in the southern part of the Netherlands and Italy propelled him into a career as court painter and made him a favourite of King Charles I and his court. Van Dyck's devotion for capturing the likeness of his models gave him authority over the world of portraiture long after his death in 1641. With such a long and storied career in art, his portrait technique evolved into what is referred to as his Late English period as seen in "Self-Portrait with a Sunflower". This work is now in the private collection of the Duke of Westminster, housed at Eaton Hall in Cheshire. Title: Flag of Kansas Passage: The flag of the State of Kansas was adopted in 1927. The elements of the state flag include the state seal and a sunflower. This original design was modified in 1961 to add the name of the state at the bottom of the flag. Title: The Messengers (film) Passage: The Messengers is a 2007 Canadian-American supernatural horror film directed by the Pang Brothers, and produced by Sam Raimi. It stars Kristen Stewart, John Corbett, William B. Davis, Dylan McDermott, and Penelope Ann Miller. The film is about an ominous darkness that invades a seemingly serene sunflower farm in North Dakota, and the Solomon family—the owners of the farm—who are torn apart by suspicion, mayhem, and murder. Title: Sunflowers (Van Gogh series) Passage: Sunflowers (original title, in French: Tournesols) is the name of two series of still life paintings by the Dutch painter Vincent van Gogh. The first series, executed in Paris in 1887, depicts the flowers lying on the ground, while the second set, executed a year later in Arles, shows a bouquet of sunflowers in a vase. In the artist's mind both sets were linked by the name of his friend Paul Gauguin, who acquired two of the Paris versions. About eight months later van Gogh hoped to welcome and to impress Gauguin again with "Sunflowers", now part of the painted "Décoration for the Yellow House" that he prepared for the guestroom of his home in Arles, where Gauguin was supposed to stay. After Gauguin's departure, van Gogh imagined the two major versions as wings of the "Berceuse Triptych", and finally he included them in his Les XX in Bruxelles exhibit. Title: Tenth Doctor Passage: The Tenth Doctor is an incarnation of the Doctor, the protagonist of the BBC science fiction television programme Doctor Who, who is played by David Tennant in three series as well as nine specials. As with previous incarnations of the Doctor, the character has also appeared in other Doctor Who spin - offs. In the programme's narrative, the Doctor is a centuries - old Time Lord alien from the planet Gallifrey who travels in time in his TARDIS, frequently with companions. At the end of life, the Doctor can regenerate his body; in doing so, his physical appearance and personality change, and a new actor assumes the role. Tennant's portrayal of the Doctor is of an outwardly charismatic and charming adventurer whose likable and easygoing attitude can quickly turn to righteous fury when provoked. Title: Vincent and the Doctor Passage: Intrigued by an ominous figure in one of Vincent van Gogh's paintings, alien time traveller the Doctor (Matt Smith) and his companion Amy Pond (Karen Gillan) go back in time to meet Van Gogh (Tony Curran) and discover that Provence has been plagued by an invisible monster, known as the Krafayis, which only Van Gogh can see. The Doctor and Amy work with Van Gogh to defeat the Krafayis, but in their attempt to have Van Gogh realise his legacy through bringing him to the future they ultimately realise that not all of time can be rewritten and there are some evils which are out of the Doctor's reach. Title: The Painter of Sunflowers Passage: The Painter of Sunflowers (in French: Le Peintre de Tournesols) is a portrait of Vincent van Gogh by Paul Gauguin in December 1888. Title: Arnica latifolia Passage: Arnica latifolia is a species of arnica in the sunflower family, known by the common names broadleaf arnica, broad leaved arnica, mountain arnica, and daffodil leopardbane. It is native to western North America from Alaska east to Northwest Territories and south to Mono County, California and Taos County, New Mexico. It grows in mountain habitat such as forest and meadows. Title: Tony Amendola Passage: Tony Amendola (born August 24, 1951) is an American actor who is best known for playing the Jaffa master Bra'tac in Stargate SG - 1. Amendola is also known for his recurring role as revolutionary leader Edouard Kagame of Liber8 in the television show Continuum. He is currently playing a character on ABC's Once Upon a Time as Pinocchio's creator / father, Geppetto. Title: Helianthus × laetiflorus Passage: Helianthus" × "laetiflorus, the cheerful sunflower or perennial sunflower, is a plant in the daisy family, Asteraceae. It is widespread in scattered locations across much of Canada from Newfoundland to British Columbia, and the central and eastern United States as far south as Texas and Georgia. Title: Tim Cain Passage: Tim Cain is an American video game developer best known as the creator, producer, lead programmer and one of the main designers of the 1997 computer game "Fallout". In 2009 he was chosen by IGN as one of the top 100 game creators of all time.	[ "Vincent and the Doctor", "Sunflowers (Van Gogh series)" ]
3hop1__706183_20196_80319	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Mount Alice is a mountain located at the Queens Reach arm of the Jervis Inlet within the Pacific Ranges of the Coast Mountains in British Columbia Canada. The mountain was named during the 1860 survey by who charted all of the known area and named the mountain after HRH Alice Maud Mary who was the third child of Queen Victoria and Prince Albert.", "title": "Mount Alice (British Columbia)" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Kurze Mountains () are a range of mainly bare rock peaks, ridges and mountains about long and wide in the Orvin Mountains of Queen Maud Land, Antarctica. The feature stands between the Drygalski Mountains on the west and the Gagarin Mountains and Conrad Mountains on the east.", "title": "Kurze Mountains" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Europe is traditionally defined as one of seven continents. Physiographically, it is the northwestern peninsula of the larger landmass known as Eurasia (or the larger Afro - Eurasia); Asia occupies the eastern bulk of this continuous landmass and all share a common continental shelf. Europe's eastern frontier is delineated by the Ural Mountains in Russia. The southeast boundary with Asia is not universally defined, but the modern definition is generally the Ural River or, less commonly, the Emba River. The boundary continues to the Caspian Sea, the crest of the Caucasus Mountains (or, less commonly, the river Kura in the Caucasus), and on to the Black Sea. The Bosporus, the Sea of Marmara, and the Dardanelles conclude the Asian boundary. The Mediterranean Sea to the south separates Europe from Africa. The western boundary is the Atlantic Ocean. Iceland, though on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge and nearer to Greenland (North America) than mainland Europe, is generally included in Europe for cultural reasons and because it is over twice as close to mainland Europe than to mainland North America. There is ongoing debate on where the geographical centre of Europe falls.", "title": "Geography of Europe" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Beardmore Glacier in Antarctica is one of the largest valley glaciers in the world, being long and having a width of . It descends about from the Antarctic Plateau to the Ross Ice Shelf and is bordered by the Commonwealth Range of the Queen Maud Mountains on the eastern side and the Queen Alexandra Range of the Central Transantarctic Mountains on the western.", "title": "Beardmore Glacier" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Touring Band 2000 is the second DVD release by the American alternative rock band Pearl Jam, culled from performances from the North American legs of the band's 2000 Binaural Tour. It was released on VHS and DVD on May 1, 2001.", "title": "Touring Band 2000" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Truly alpine terrain appears in the southern mountain ranges. Between the Black and Caspian seas, the Caucasus Mountains rise to impressive heights, forming a boundary between Europe and Asia. One of the peaks, Mount Elbrus, is the highest point in Europe, at 5,642 meters. The geological structure of the Caucasus extends to the northwest as the Crimean and Carpathian Mountains and southeastward into Central Asia as the Tian Shan and Pamirs. The Caucasus Mountains create an imposing natural barrier between Russia and its neighbors to the southwest, Georgia and Azerbaijan.", "title": "Geography of Russia" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Mid-Atlantic Ridge (MAR) is a mid-ocean ridge, a divergent tectonic plate or constructive plate boundary located along the floor of the Atlantic Ocean, and part of the longest mountain range in the world. In the North Atlantic, it separates the Eurasian and North American plates, and in the South Atlantic, it separates the African and South American plates. The ridge extends from a junction with the Gakkel Ridge (Mid-Arctic Ridge) northeast of Greenland southward to the Bouvet Triple Junction in the South Atlantic. Although the Mid-Atlantic Ridge is mostly an underwater feature, portions of it have enough elevation to extend above sea level. The section of the ridge that includes Iceland is known as the Reykjanes Ridge. The ridge has an average spreading rate of about 2.5 centimetres (0.98 in) per year.", "title": "Mid-Atlantic Ridge" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Minnesota Glacier () is a broad glacier, about long and wide, flowing east through the Ellsworth Mountains in Antarctica, separating the Sentinel Range and the Heritage Range. It is nourished by ice from the plateau west of the mountains and by Nimitz Glacier and Splettstoesser Glacier, and merges into the larger Rutford Ice Stream at the eastern margin of the Ellsworth Mountains.", "title": "Minnesota Glacier" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Electric (fully as Paul Rodgers Electric according to Paul Rodgers official site) is a studio album by Paul Rodgers of Free and Bad Company fame. It was recorded in 1999 at Lartington Hall Studios near Barnard Castle in the North East of England. Electric was released in 2000 (the Japanese version of 1999 has a bonus track).", "title": "Electric (Paul Rodgers album)" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Between 2005 and 2006, Queen + Paul Rodgers embarked on a world tour, which was the first time Queen toured since their last tour with Freddie Mercury in 1986. The band's drummer Roger Taylor commented; \"We never thought we would tour again, Paul [Rodgers] came along by chance and we seemed to have a chemistry. Paul is just such a great singer. He's not trying to be Freddie.\" The first leg was in Europe, the second in Japan, and the third in the US in 2006. Queen received the inaugural VH1 Rock Honors at the Mandalay Bay Events Center in Las Vegas, Nevada, on 25 May 2006. The Foo Fighters paid homage to the band in performing \"Tie Your Mother Down\" to open the ceremony before being joined on stage by May, Taylor, and Paul Rodgers, who played a selection of Queen hits.", "title": "Queen (band)" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Luz Range () is a mountain range long, including Petrellfjellet, Snobjorga Bluff and associated features, lying next east of the Gablenz Range in the Mühlig-Hofmann Mountains of Queen Maud Land, Antarctica. It was discovered by the Third German Antarctic Expedition under Alfred Ritscher, 1938–39, and named after the commercial director of the German Lufthansa Corporation.", "title": "Luz Range" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Karoo is sharply divided into the Great Karoo and the Little Karoo by the Swartberg Mountain Range, which runs east - west, parallel to the southern coastline, but is separated from the sea by another east - west range called the Outeniqua -- Langeberg Mountains. The Great Karoo lies to the north of the Swartberg range; the Little Karoo is to the south of it.", "title": "Karoo" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In 1780, Luigi Galvani discovered that the muscles of dead frogs' legs twitched when struck by an electrical spark. This was one of the first forays into the study of bioelectricity, a field that still studies the electrical patterns and signals in tissues such as nerves and muscles.", "title": "Muscle contraction" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Dominion Range () is a broad mountain range, about long, forming a prominent salient at the juncture of the Beardmore and Mill glaciers in Antarctica. The range is part of the Queen Maud Mountains", "title": "Dominion Range" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Fulhorn is a mountain of the Plessur Alps, overlooking Churwalden in the canton of Graubünden. It lies on the range separating the Domleschg from Lenzerheide.", "title": "Fulhorn" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Transantarctic Mountains (abbreviated TAM) comprise a mountain range of uplifted sedimentary rock in Antarctica which extend, with some interruptions, across the continent from Cape Adare in northern Victoria Land to Coats Land. These mountains divide East Antarctica and West Antarctica. They include a number of separately named mountain groups, which are often again subdivided into smaller ranges.", "title": "Transantarctic Mountains" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Although of only moderate elevation, the isolation of the mountain range gives Shaw of prominence above the low ground separating it from the White Mountains, making it one of twelve peaks in New Hampshire with a prominence over .", "title": "Mount Shaw" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "On February 22, 2017, Charlie Puth was announced as the opening act for the North American leg of the tour, and Rock in Rio announced Mendes as a performer of the festival in Rio de Janeiro.", "title": "Illuminate World Tour" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "On 15 August 2006, Brian May confirmed through his website and fan club that Queen + Paul Rodgers would begin producing their first studio album beginning in October, to be recorded at a \"secret location\". Queen + Paul Rodgers performed at the Nelson Mandela 90th Birthday Tribute held in Hyde Park, London on 27 June 2008, to commemorate Mandela's ninetieth birthday, and again promote awareness of the HIV/AIDS pandemic. The first Queen + Paul Rodgers album, titled The Cosmos Rocks, was released in Europe on 12 September 2008 and in the United States on 28 October 2008. Following the release of the album, the band again went on a tour through Europe, opening on Kharkiv's Freedom Square in front of 350,000 Ukrainian fans. The Kharkiv concert was later released on DVD. The tour then moved to Russia, and the band performed two sold-out shows at the Moscow Arena. Having completed the first leg of its extensive European tour, which saw the band play 15 sold-out dates across nine countries, the UK leg of the tour sold out within 90 minutes of going on sale and included three London dates, the first of which was The O2 on 13 October. The last leg of the tour took place in South America, and included a sold-out concert at the Estadio José Amalfitani, Buenos Aires.", "title": "Queen (band)" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Daryl Hall and John Oates, often referred to as Hall & Oates, are an American musical duo. Daryl Hall is generally the lead vocalist; John Oates primarily plays electric guitar and provides backing vocals. The two write most of the songs they perform, separately or in collaboration. They achieved their greatest fame from the late 1970s to the mid-1980s with a fusion of rock and roll and rhythm and blues.", "title": "Hall & Oates" } ]	What mountain range separates the continent where the first leg of Queen's mid 2000s tour with Electric's performer from Asia?	the Ural Mountains	[ "Ural Mountains" ]	Title: Transantarctic Mountains Passage: The Transantarctic Mountains (abbreviated TAM) comprise a mountain range of uplifted sedimentary rock in Antarctica which extend, with some interruptions, across the continent from Cape Adare in northern Victoria Land to Coats Land. These mountains divide East Antarctica and West Antarctica. They include a number of separately named mountain groups, which are often again subdivided into smaller ranges. Title: Queen (band) Passage: Between 2005 and 2006, Queen + Paul Rodgers embarked on a world tour, which was the first time Queen toured since their last tour with Freddie Mercury in 1986. The band's drummer Roger Taylor commented; "We never thought we would tour again, Paul [Rodgers] came along by chance and we seemed to have a chemistry. Paul is just such a great singer. He's not trying to be Freddie." The first leg was in Europe, the second in Japan, and the third in the US in 2006. Queen received the inaugural VH1 Rock Honors at the Mandalay Bay Events Center in Las Vegas, Nevada, on 25 May 2006. The Foo Fighters paid homage to the band in performing "Tie Your Mother Down" to open the ceremony before being joined on stage by May, Taylor, and Paul Rodgers, who played a selection of Queen hits. Title: Illuminate World Tour Passage: On February 22, 2017, Charlie Puth was announced as the opening act for the North American leg of the tour, and Rock in Rio announced Mendes as a performer of the festival in Rio de Janeiro. Title: Karoo Passage: The Karoo is sharply divided into the Great Karoo and the Little Karoo by the Swartberg Mountain Range, which runs east - west, parallel to the southern coastline, but is separated from the sea by another east - west range called the Outeniqua -- Langeberg Mountains. The Great Karoo lies to the north of the Swartberg range; the Little Karoo is to the south of it. Title: Touring Band 2000 Passage: Touring Band 2000 is the second DVD release by the American alternative rock band Pearl Jam, culled from performances from the North American legs of the band's 2000 Binaural Tour. It was released on VHS and DVD on May 1, 2001. Title: Electric (Paul Rodgers album) Passage: Electric (fully as Paul Rodgers Electric according to Paul Rodgers official site) is a studio album by Paul Rodgers of Free and Bad Company fame. It was recorded in 1999 at Lartington Hall Studios near Barnard Castle in the North East of England. Electric was released in 2000 (the Japanese version of 1999 has a bonus track). Title: Geography of Russia Passage: Truly alpine terrain appears in the southern mountain ranges. Between the Black and Caspian seas, the Caucasus Mountains rise to impressive heights, forming a boundary between Europe and Asia. One of the peaks, Mount Elbrus, is the highest point in Europe, at 5,642 meters. The geological structure of the Caucasus extends to the northwest as the Crimean and Carpathian Mountains and southeastward into Central Asia as the Tian Shan and Pamirs. The Caucasus Mountains create an imposing natural barrier between Russia and its neighbors to the southwest, Georgia and Azerbaijan. Title: Fulhorn Passage: The Fulhorn is a mountain of the Plessur Alps, overlooking Churwalden in the canton of Graubünden. It lies on the range separating the Domleschg from Lenzerheide. Title: Beardmore Glacier Passage: The Beardmore Glacier in Antarctica is one of the largest valley glaciers in the world, being long and having a width of . It descends about from the Antarctic Plateau to the Ross Ice Shelf and is bordered by the Commonwealth Range of the Queen Maud Mountains on the eastern side and the Queen Alexandra Range of the Central Transantarctic Mountains on the western. Title: Luz Range Passage: Luz Range () is a mountain range long, including Petrellfjellet, Snobjorga Bluff and associated features, lying next east of the Gablenz Range in the Mühlig-Hofmann Mountains of Queen Maud Land, Antarctica. It was discovered by the Third German Antarctic Expedition under Alfred Ritscher, 1938–39, and named after the commercial director of the German Lufthansa Corporation. Title: Dominion Range Passage: The Dominion Range () is a broad mountain range, about long, forming a prominent salient at the juncture of the Beardmore and Mill glaciers in Antarctica. The range is part of the Queen Maud Mountains Title: Mount Alice (British Columbia) Passage: Mount Alice is a mountain located at the Queens Reach arm of the Jervis Inlet within the Pacific Ranges of the Coast Mountains in British Columbia Canada. The mountain was named during the 1860 survey by who charted all of the known area and named the mountain after HRH Alice Maud Mary who was the third child of Queen Victoria and Prince Albert. Title: Mid-Atlantic Ridge Passage: The Mid-Atlantic Ridge (MAR) is a mid-ocean ridge, a divergent tectonic plate or constructive plate boundary located along the floor of the Atlantic Ocean, and part of the longest mountain range in the world. In the North Atlantic, it separates the Eurasian and North American plates, and in the South Atlantic, it separates the African and South American plates. The ridge extends from a junction with the Gakkel Ridge (Mid-Arctic Ridge) northeast of Greenland southward to the Bouvet Triple Junction in the South Atlantic. Although the Mid-Atlantic Ridge is mostly an underwater feature, portions of it have enough elevation to extend above sea level. The section of the ridge that includes Iceland is known as the Reykjanes Ridge. The ridge has an average spreading rate of about 2.5 centimetres (0.98 in) per year. Title: Queen (band) Passage: On 15 August 2006, Brian May confirmed through his website and fan club that Queen + Paul Rodgers would begin producing their first studio album beginning in October, to be recorded at a "secret location". Queen + Paul Rodgers performed at the Nelson Mandela 90th Birthday Tribute held in Hyde Park, London on 27 June 2008, to commemorate Mandela's ninetieth birthday, and again promote awareness of the HIV/AIDS pandemic. The first Queen + Paul Rodgers album, titled The Cosmos Rocks, was released in Europe on 12 September 2008 and in the United States on 28 October 2008. Following the release of the album, the band again went on a tour through Europe, opening on Kharkiv's Freedom Square in front of 350,000 Ukrainian fans. The Kharkiv concert was later released on DVD. The tour then moved to Russia, and the band performed two sold-out shows at the Moscow Arena. Having completed the first leg of its extensive European tour, which saw the band play 15 sold-out dates across nine countries, the UK leg of the tour sold out within 90 minutes of going on sale and included three London dates, the first of which was The O2 on 13 October. The last leg of the tour took place in South America, and included a sold-out concert at the Estadio José Amalfitani, Buenos Aires. Title: Hall & Oates Passage: Daryl Hall and John Oates, often referred to as Hall & Oates, are an American musical duo. Daryl Hall is generally the lead vocalist; John Oates primarily plays electric guitar and provides backing vocals. The two write most of the songs they perform, separately or in collaboration. They achieved their greatest fame from the late 1970s to the mid-1980s with a fusion of rock and roll and rhythm and blues. Title: Muscle contraction Passage: In 1780, Luigi Galvani discovered that the muscles of dead frogs' legs twitched when struck by an electrical spark. This was one of the first forays into the study of bioelectricity, a field that still studies the electrical patterns and signals in tissues such as nerves and muscles. Title: Mount Shaw Passage: Although of only moderate elevation, the isolation of the mountain range gives Shaw of prominence above the low ground separating it from the White Mountains, making it one of twelve peaks in New Hampshire with a prominence over . Title: Geography of Europe Passage: Europe is traditionally defined as one of seven continents. Physiographically, it is the northwestern peninsula of the larger landmass known as Eurasia (or the larger Afro - Eurasia); Asia occupies the eastern bulk of this continuous landmass and all share a common continental shelf. Europe's eastern frontier is delineated by the Ural Mountains in Russia. The southeast boundary with Asia is not universally defined, but the modern definition is generally the Ural River or, less commonly, the Emba River. The boundary continues to the Caspian Sea, the crest of the Caucasus Mountains (or, less commonly, the river Kura in the Caucasus), and on to the Black Sea. The Bosporus, the Sea of Marmara, and the Dardanelles conclude the Asian boundary. The Mediterranean Sea to the south separates Europe from Africa. The western boundary is the Atlantic Ocean. Iceland, though on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge and nearer to Greenland (North America) than mainland Europe, is generally included in Europe for cultural reasons and because it is over twice as close to mainland Europe than to mainland North America. There is ongoing debate on where the geographical centre of Europe falls. Title: Minnesota Glacier Passage: Minnesota Glacier () is a broad glacier, about long and wide, flowing east through the Ellsworth Mountains in Antarctica, separating the Sentinel Range and the Heritage Range. It is nourished by ice from the plateau west of the mountains and by Nimitz Glacier and Splettstoesser Glacier, and merges into the larger Rutford Ice Stream at the eastern margin of the Ellsworth Mountains. Title: Kurze Mountains Passage: The Kurze Mountains () are a range of mainly bare rock peaks, ridges and mountains about long and wide in the Orvin Mountains of Queen Maud Land, Antarctica. The feature stands between the Drygalski Mountains on the west and the Gagarin Mountains and Conrad Mountains on the east.	[ "Geography of Europe", "Electric (Paul Rodgers album)", "Queen (band)" ]
3hop1__129307_85073_77697	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Hotel Galvez is a historic hotel located in Galveston, Texas, United States that opened in 1911. The building was named the Galvez, honoring Bernardo de Gálvez, 1st Viscount of Galveston, for whom the city was named. The building was added to the National Register of Historic Places on April 4, 1979.", "title": "Hotel Galvez" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The City Park Golf Courses consist of two 18-hole golf courses located in City Park, in New Orleans, Louisiana. The two courses named the South Course and North Course also include a driving range, ancillary short-game facility and two clubhouses.", "title": "City Park Golf Courses (New Orleans)" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Poseidonion Grand Hotel () is a luxury hotel in Greece, one of the most luxurious in southeastern Europe. It is located in the island of Spetses and has been a landmark on the Spetses skyline for nearly a century with its exceptional architecture echoing hotels of Côte d'Azur style.", "title": "Poseidonion Grand Hotel" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Bruneau Range is a mountain range in Elko County, Nevada, United States. It is contained within the Mountain City Ranger District of the Humboldt-Toiyabe National Forest. The range is considered to be a sub-range of the Jarbidge Mountains.", "title": "Bruneau Range" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Rousseau Range is a small mountain range in southeastern Alaska, United States, located just north of the Peabody Mountains. It has an area of 264 km and is a subrange of the Boundary Ranges which in turn form part of the Coast Mountains. The range is located entirely within Misty Fjords National Monument.", "title": "Rousseau Range" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Humboldt Township is one of twelve townships in Humboldt County, Iowa, USA. As of the 2000 census, its population was 624. Despite its name, the township does not contain the City of Humboldt.", "title": "Humboldt Township, Humboldt County, Iowa" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Round Mountain, one of three peaks of the same name in the region, is a mountain located on the Main Range of the Snowy Mountains, part of the Great Dividing Range, in southeastern New South Wales, Australia.", "title": "Round Mountain (Snowy Mountains)" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "A major part of Southern Nevada's economy is based on tourism, including gambling. The primary drivers of the Las Vegas economy have been the confluence of tourism, gaming, and conventions which in turn feed the retail and dining industries. The city serves as world headquarters for the world's two largest Fortune 500 gaming companies, Harrah's Entertainment and MGM Mirage.", "title": "Southern Nevada" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Sawtooth Range is a small mountain range in southeastern Alaska, United States, located just southwest of Warm Pass and on the north side of the East Fork of the Skagway River. It has an area of 97 km and is a subrange of the Boundary Ranges which in turn form part of the Coast Mountains.", "title": "Sawtooth Range (Alaska)" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Trident, Chennai is a five-star hotel located on GST Road at Meenambakkam, Chennai, India, directly across GST Road from the Chennai International Airport, about 20 minutes from the Chennai city centre. Managed by the Oberoi Group of Hotels, the hotel is built on of land and is the first airport hotel of the city. It is also the registered office of the EIH Associated Hotels Limited.", "title": "Trident, Chennai" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Pieck Range () is a short mountain range surmounted by Zwiesel Mountain, located at the east side of Humboldt Graben in the Petermann Ranges, Wohlthat Mountains in Antarctica.", "title": "Pieck Range" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Penn Alto Building is a landmark building located in downtown Altoona, Pennsylvania, United States. The building is nine stories high and has a partial tenth floor penthouse. The name of the building remains the same, even though its usage has changed over time. The name changed from the Penn Alto Hotel to Penn Alto Apartments when it changed from strictly being a hotel to a residential hotel, which rents both apartments and hotel rooms. The current name is City Hall Commons, deriving its name from its proximity to City Hall, which is just across the street.", "title": "Penn Alto Building" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Humboldt Range is a largely north-south running range of mountains in northwest Nevada, USA, that extend from the town of Imlay in the north to the junction with the West Humboldt Range in the south. It is bordered continuously by Interstate 80 and the Humboldt River, largely expanded in the form of the Rye Patch Reservoir in this area, on the west side and by a long and fairly broad Buena Vista Valley to the east, in a typical basin-and-range pattern. The Humboldts are ostensibly visible to travelers along Interstate 80, especially with respect to the highest point of the range, Star Peak, which with a quite nicely defined tip reaches an elevation of 9,836 feet (2,998 m), located in the center of the north range section. The midpoint of the range is in the area of Fourth of July Flat. The Humboldt Range is also noteworthy for having a famous historical town at its base on the eastern side called Unionville, which, for a brief period, was home to Samuel Clemens. Another historical site, now a ghost town, nearby is called Star City. Unlike some ranges in the vicinity, the substantial height of the Humboldts allows for a number of continuously flowing watersheds, and hiking the terrain is a somewhat noted activity.", "title": "Humboldt Range" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Madison Hotel is located in Atlantic City, New Jersey, United States. It was built in 1929 and added to the National Register of Historic Places on December 20, 1984.", "title": "Madison Hotel (Atlantic City)" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Lake Humboldt or Humboldt Lake is an endorheic basin lake in northern Churchill County and southern Pershing County in the state of Nevada in the United States. The lake has the name of Alexander von Humboldt, a German natural scientist.", "title": "Lake Humboldt" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Hotel and Casino opened in 1996. When the casino first opened, it did not perform up to expectations. In 1999 a major addition to the casino and other amenities were added. The success of these changes has been demonstrated by continued expansions in later years.", "title": "The Orleans" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "New York City is situated in the Northeastern United States, in southeastern New York State, approximately halfway between Washington, D.C. and Boston. The location at the mouth of the Hudson River, which feeds into a naturally sheltered harbor and then into the Atlantic Ocean, has helped the city grow in significance as a trading port. Most of New York City is built on the three islands of Long Island, Manhattan, and Staten Island.", "title": "New York City" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Boulder Dam Hotel, also known as the Boulder City Inn, is a hotel located in Boulder City, Nevada that is listed on the United States National Register of Historic Places. It was designed in the Colonial Revival style by architect Henry Smith. The hotel was built to accommodate official visitors and tourists during the building of Boulder Dam, now Hoover Dam.", "title": "Boulder Dam Hotel" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Randolph Hotel or Hotel Randolph is a nine-story hotel located in Des Moines, Iowa, United States. This hotel was designed and built by the H.L. Stevens & Company in 1911. It rents rooms for a weekly rate. Most guests are considered long term, meaning they stay for more than thirty consecutive days. The Randolph Hotel is located on the corner of Fourth Street and Court Avenue downtown, along the historic Court Avenue strip.", "title": "Randolph Hotel (Des Moines, Iowa)" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Fox Creek Range is a mountain range in Elko County, Nevada, United States. It is mostly contained within the Jarbidge Ranger District of the Humboldt-Toiyabe National Forest. The range is considered to be a sub-range of the Jarbidge Mountains.", "title": "Fox Creek Range" } ]	The orleans hotel in the largest city of the state with the Humboldt Range opened when?	1996	[]	Title: Round Mountain (Snowy Mountains) Passage: The Round Mountain, one of three peaks of the same name in the region, is a mountain located on the Main Range of the Snowy Mountains, part of the Great Dividing Range, in southeastern New South Wales, Australia. Title: Fox Creek Range Passage: The Fox Creek Range is a mountain range in Elko County, Nevada, United States. It is mostly contained within the Jarbidge Ranger District of the Humboldt-Toiyabe National Forest. The range is considered to be a sub-range of the Jarbidge Mountains. Title: New York City Passage: New York City is situated in the Northeastern United States, in southeastern New York State, approximately halfway between Washington, D.C. and Boston. The location at the mouth of the Hudson River, which feeds into a naturally sheltered harbor and then into the Atlantic Ocean, has helped the city grow in significance as a trading port. Most of New York City is built on the three islands of Long Island, Manhattan, and Staten Island. Title: Sawtooth Range (Alaska) Passage: The Sawtooth Range is a small mountain range in southeastern Alaska, United States, located just southwest of Warm Pass and on the north side of the East Fork of the Skagway River. It has an area of 97 km and is a subrange of the Boundary Ranges which in turn form part of the Coast Mountains. Title: Pieck Range Passage: Pieck Range () is a short mountain range surmounted by Zwiesel Mountain, located at the east side of Humboldt Graben in the Petermann Ranges, Wohlthat Mountains in Antarctica. Title: Southern Nevada Passage: A major part of Southern Nevada's economy is based on tourism, including gambling. The primary drivers of the Las Vegas economy have been the confluence of tourism, gaming, and conventions which in turn feed the retail and dining industries. The city serves as world headquarters for the world's two largest Fortune 500 gaming companies, Harrah's Entertainment and MGM Mirage. Title: Humboldt Township, Humboldt County, Iowa Passage: Humboldt Township is one of twelve townships in Humboldt County, Iowa, USA. As of the 2000 census, its population was 624. Despite its name, the township does not contain the City of Humboldt. Title: Bruneau Range Passage: The Bruneau Range is a mountain range in Elko County, Nevada, United States. It is contained within the Mountain City Ranger District of the Humboldt-Toiyabe National Forest. The range is considered to be a sub-range of the Jarbidge Mountains. Title: Hotel Galvez Passage: The Hotel Galvez is a historic hotel located in Galveston, Texas, United States that opened in 1911. The building was named the Galvez, honoring Bernardo de Gálvez, 1st Viscount of Galveston, for whom the city was named. The building was added to the National Register of Historic Places on April 4, 1979. Title: Trident, Chennai Passage: Trident, Chennai is a five-star hotel located on GST Road at Meenambakkam, Chennai, India, directly across GST Road from the Chennai International Airport, about 20 minutes from the Chennai city centre. Managed by the Oberoi Group of Hotels, the hotel is built on of land and is the first airport hotel of the city. It is also the registered office of the EIH Associated Hotels Limited. Title: Boulder Dam Hotel Passage: The Boulder Dam Hotel, also known as the Boulder City Inn, is a hotel located in Boulder City, Nevada that is listed on the United States National Register of Historic Places. It was designed in the Colonial Revival style by architect Henry Smith. The hotel was built to accommodate official visitors and tourists during the building of Boulder Dam, now Hoover Dam. Title: Madison Hotel (Atlantic City) Passage: The Madison Hotel is located in Atlantic City, New Jersey, United States. It was built in 1929 and added to the National Register of Historic Places on December 20, 1984. Title: Poseidonion Grand Hotel Passage: The Poseidonion Grand Hotel () is a luxury hotel in Greece, one of the most luxurious in southeastern Europe. It is located in the island of Spetses and has been a landmark on the Spetses skyline for nearly a century with its exceptional architecture echoing hotels of Côte d'Azur style. Title: The Orleans Passage: The Hotel and Casino opened in 1996. When the casino first opened, it did not perform up to expectations. In 1999 a major addition to the casino and other amenities were added. The success of these changes has been demonstrated by continued expansions in later years. Title: City Park Golf Courses (New Orleans) Passage: The City Park Golf Courses consist of two 18-hole golf courses located in City Park, in New Orleans, Louisiana. The two courses named the South Course and North Course also include a driving range, ancillary short-game facility and two clubhouses. Title: Humboldt Range Passage: The Humboldt Range is a largely north-south running range of mountains in northwest Nevada, USA, that extend from the town of Imlay in the north to the junction with the West Humboldt Range in the south. It is bordered continuously by Interstate 80 and the Humboldt River, largely expanded in the form of the Rye Patch Reservoir in this area, on the west side and by a long and fairly broad Buena Vista Valley to the east, in a typical basin-and-range pattern. The Humboldts are ostensibly visible to travelers along Interstate 80, especially with respect to the highest point of the range, Star Peak, which with a quite nicely defined tip reaches an elevation of 9,836 feet (2,998 m), located in the center of the north range section. The midpoint of the range is in the area of Fourth of July Flat. The Humboldt Range is also noteworthy for having a famous historical town at its base on the eastern side called Unionville, which, for a brief period, was home to Samuel Clemens. Another historical site, now a ghost town, nearby is called Star City. Unlike some ranges in the vicinity, the substantial height of the Humboldts allows for a number of continuously flowing watersheds, and hiking the terrain is a somewhat noted activity. Title: Penn Alto Building Passage: The Penn Alto Building is a landmark building located in downtown Altoona, Pennsylvania, United States. The building is nine stories high and has a partial tenth floor penthouse. The name of the building remains the same, even though its usage has changed over time. The name changed from the Penn Alto Hotel to Penn Alto Apartments when it changed from strictly being a hotel to a residential hotel, which rents both apartments and hotel rooms. The current name is City Hall Commons, deriving its name from its proximity to City Hall, which is just across the street. Title: Randolph Hotel (Des Moines, Iowa) Passage: The Randolph Hotel or Hotel Randolph is a nine-story hotel located in Des Moines, Iowa, United States. This hotel was designed and built by the H.L. Stevens & Company in 1911. It rents rooms for a weekly rate. Most guests are considered long term, meaning they stay for more than thirty consecutive days. The Randolph Hotel is located on the corner of Fourth Street and Court Avenue downtown, along the historic Court Avenue strip. Title: Lake Humboldt Passage: Lake Humboldt or Humboldt Lake is an endorheic basin lake in northern Churchill County and southern Pershing County in the state of Nevada in the United States. The lake has the name of Alexander von Humboldt, a German natural scientist. Title: Rousseau Range Passage: The Rousseau Range is a small mountain range in southeastern Alaska, United States, located just north of the Peabody Mountains. It has an area of 264 km and is a subrange of the Boundary Ranges which in turn form part of the Coast Mountains. The range is located entirely within Misty Fjords National Monument.	[ "Southern Nevada", "Humboldt Range", "The Orleans" ]
2hop__420047_47824	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Seif Palace (Arabic, قصر السيف) is a palace in Kuwait City, Kuwait. Located opposite the Grand Mosque, one of Seif Palace's best-known features is the watch tower, covered in blue tiles and with a roof plated in pure gold. Local materials such as clay, rocks, limestone, wood and metals were used in its construction.", "title": "Seif Palace" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Mosque of the Martyrs (), also popularly known as the Turkish Mosque, is a mosque in Baku, Azerbaijan, near the Martyrs' Lane. The mosque was built in the beginning of the 1990s with assistance of the Turkish government. The mosque currently is used as an official residence of religious attaché of the Turkish embassy. The mosque has been under construction since 2009.", "title": "Mosque of the Martyrs" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Perlis State Mosque (Malay: \"Masjid Negeri Perlis\") is a mosque in Arau, Perlis, Malaysia. It is the state and royal mosque of Perlis.", "title": "Perlis State Mosque" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Üç Şerefeli Mosque was commissioned by Ottoman sultan Murad II (1421–1444,1446– 1451), and built between 1438 and 1447. It is located in the historical center of the city, close to the Selimiye Mosque and Old Mosque. The name refers to unusual minaret with three balconies (Turkish: üç şerefeli).The architect of the mosque is not known. It is built of Burgaz limestone with a main dome that is 24 m in diameter. When first built the dome was the largest in any Ottoman building. The mosque was severely damaged by fire in 1732 and by an earthquake in 1748 but was repaired on the order of Mahmut I.The two blue and turquoise underglaze-painted tile panels in the tympana of the windows were probably produced by the same group of tilemakers who had decorated the Yeşil Mosque (1419–21) in Bursa where the tiles are signed as \"the work of the masters of Tabriz\" (ʿamal-i ustadan-i Tabriz). The running pattern of the Chinese influenced floral border tiles is similar to those in the small Muradiye Mosque in Edirne.In the Şakaiki Numaniye Taş Köprü Zade relates how 'Certain accursed ones of no significance' were burnt to death by Mahmut Paşa who accidentally set fire to his beard in the process.", "title": "Üç Şerefeli Mosque" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Sinan Pasha Mosque (; ; ; ) is an Ottoman mosque in the city of Prizren, Kosovo. It was built in 1615 by Sofi Sinan Pasha, bey of Budim. The mosque overlooks the main street of Prizren and is a dominant feature in the town's skyline.", "title": "Sinan Pasha Mosque (Prizren)" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Ertuğrul Tekke Mosque, (), is an Ottoman imperial mosque located in Yıldız neighbourhood, Serencebey rise of Beşiktaş district in Istanbul, Turkey. A late Ottoman period mosque, it is constructed as a külliye consisting of a tekke, guest house, türbe, fountain, and library in addition to the mosque.", "title": "Ertuğrul Tekke Mosque" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Atiq Mosque (also called the Great Mosque, or al-Kabir mosque) () is a mosque in the oasis village of Awjila, in the Sahara desert of the Cyrenaica region of eastern Libya. The community dates back to classical times. Since being taken by the Arabs in the seventh century, Islam has always played a central role in the life of Awjila. The 12th-century mosque, the oldest in the region, has unusual conical domes made of mudbrick and limestone that provide light and ventilation.", "title": "Atiq Mosque, Awjila" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Tongxin Great Mosque () is a mosque in Tongxin County, Wuzhong City, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China. The mosque is the oldest and largest mosque in Ningxia.", "title": "Tongxin Great Mosque" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In 1902, Zivar bey Ahmadbeyov graduated from Saint-Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering. From this year to 1917, Ahmadbeyov worked as an architect in Baku Governorate, then in Baku City Council. After the establishment of the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic, Ahmadbeyov became the chief architect of Baku and held this post until 1922. Two of the largest mosques in Baku, the Baku-Blue Mosque and Taza Pir Mosque were constructed according to the projects of Ahmadbeyov. Murtuza Mukhtarov Mosque, which was constructed according to Ahmadbeyov's project in the municipality of Amirjan in Baku, was added to the list of historical monuments of UNESCO. Besides that, Ahmadbeyov is the architect of a lot of houses in Vladikavkaz and the building of the Ophthalmology Institute in Baku.", "title": "Zivar bey Ahmadbeyov" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Sultan Ahmed Mosque or Sultan Ahmet Mosque (Turkish: Sultan Ahmet Camii) is a historic mosque located in Istanbul, Turkey. A popular tourist site, the Sultan Ahmed Mosque continues to function as a mosque today; men still kneel in prayer on the mosque's lush red carpet after the call to prayer. The Blue Mosque, as it is popularly known, was constructed between 1609 and 1616 during the rule of Ahmed I. Its Külliye contains Ahmed's tomb, a madrasah and a hospice. Hand - painted blue tiles adorn the mosque's interior walls, and at night the mosque is bathed in blue as lights frame the mosque's five main domes, six minarets and eight secondary domes. It sits next to the Hagia Sophia, another popular tourist site.", "title": "Sultan Ahmed Mosque" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Red Mosque () is a ruined mosque in Berat Castle, Berat, Albania. It is a Cultural Monument of Albania since 1961.", "title": "Red Mosque, Berat" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Islamic Cultural Center of New York is a mosque and Islamic cultural center in East Harlem, Manhattan, New York City, United States. It is located at 1711 Third Avenue, between East 96th and 97th Streets. The Islamic Cultural Center was the first mosque built in New York City. The mosque's older dwelling in a townhouse at 1 Riverside Drive, is still in continual prayer use as a satellite location.", "title": "Islamic Cultural Center of New York" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Periamet Mosque is a mosque situated on Poonamallee High Road in Chennai, India. The mosque is named after the Periamet neighbourhood in which it is located.", "title": "Periamet Mosque" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Al - Aqsa Mosque (Arabic: المسجد الاقصى ‎ ‎ Al - Masjid al - 'Aqṣā, IPA: (ʔælˈmæsdʒɪd ælˈʔɑqsʕɑ) (listen), ``the Farthest Mosque ''), also known as Al - Aqsa and Bayt al - Maqdis, is the third holiest site in Islam and is located in the Old City of Jerusalem. Whilst the entire site on which the silver - domed mosque sits, along with the Dome of the Rock, seventeen gates, and four minarets, was itself historically known as the Al - Aqsa Mosque, today a narrower definition prevails, and the wider compound is usually referred to as al - Haram ash - Sharif (`` the Noble Sanctuary''), or the Temple Mount, the holiest site in Judaism. Muslims believe that Muhammad was transported from the Sacred Mosque in Mecca to al - Aqsa during the Night Journey. Islamic tradition holds that Muhammad led prayers towards this site until the seventeenth month after the emigration, when God directed him to turn towards the Kaaba.", "title": "Al-Aqsa Mosque" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Chinese Mosque, Rantau Panjang or Sultan Ismail Petra Silver Jubilee Mosque and Beijing Mosque (Malay: Masjid China, Rantau Panjang or Masjid Jubli Perak Sultan Ismail Petra and Masjid Beijing) is a Chinese-style mosque in Rantau Panjang, Kelantan, Malaysia. The mosque resembles the 1,000-year-old Niujie Mosque in Beijing, China.", "title": "Sultan Ismail Petra Silver Jubilee Mosque" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Şemsi Pasha Mosque was designed by Ottoman imperial architect Mimar Sinan for Grand Vizier Şemsi Pasha. The Mosque is one of the smallest to be commissioned by a Grand Vizier in Constantinople, however it is its miniature dimensions combined with its picturesque waterfront location which have made it one of the most attractive mosques in the city. The Mosque is a celebrated example of the chief architect's skill in organically blending architecture with the natural landscape.", "title": "Şemsi Pasha Mosque" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Grand Jamia Mosque Lahore () is a mosque located in Bahria Town, Lahore, Pakistan. With a capacity of 80,000 worshippers, it is the third largest mosque in Pakistan and the fourteenth largest mosque in the world.", "title": "Grand Jamia Mosque, Lahore" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Seydisuyu (also spelled Seydi Suyu) is a river in Eskişehir Province, Turkey. It is a branch of Sakarya. Çatıören Dam is built on Seydisuyu. It also runs through Doğançayır.", "title": "Seydisuyu" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Hassan II Mosque (, ) is a mosque in Casablanca, Morocco. It is the largest mosque in Africa, and the 5th largest in the world. Its minaret is the world's second tallest minaret at . Completed in 1993, it was designed by Michel Pinseau and built by Bouygues. The minaret is 60 stories high topped by a laser, the light from which is directed towards Mecca. The mosque stands on a promontory looking out to the Atlantic Ocean; worshippers can pray over the sea but there is no glass floor looking into the sea. The walls are of hand-crafted marble and the roof is retractable. A maximum of 105,000 worshippers can gather together for prayer: 25,000 inside the mosque hall and another 80,000 on the mosque's outside ground.", "title": "Hassan II Mosque" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Shah Jahan Mosque (also known as Woking Mosque) in Oriental Road, Woking, England, is the first purpose - built mosque in the United Kingdom. Built in 1889, it is located 30 miles (50 km) southwest of London.", "title": "Shah Jahan Mosque, Woking" } ]	Where is the blue mosque located in the country containing Seydisuyu?	Istanbul	[]	Title: Zivar bey Ahmadbeyov Passage: In 1902, Zivar bey Ahmadbeyov graduated from Saint-Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering. From this year to 1917, Ahmadbeyov worked as an architect in Baku Governorate, then in Baku City Council. After the establishment of the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic, Ahmadbeyov became the chief architect of Baku and held this post until 1922. Two of the largest mosques in Baku, the Baku-Blue Mosque and Taza Pir Mosque were constructed according to the projects of Ahmadbeyov. Murtuza Mukhtarov Mosque, which was constructed according to Ahmadbeyov's project in the municipality of Amirjan in Baku, was added to the list of historical monuments of UNESCO. Besides that, Ahmadbeyov is the architect of a lot of houses in Vladikavkaz and the building of the Ophthalmology Institute in Baku. Title: Periamet Mosque Passage: Periamet Mosque is a mosque situated on Poonamallee High Road in Chennai, India. The mosque is named after the Periamet neighbourhood in which it is located. Title: Seydisuyu Passage: Seydisuyu (also spelled Seydi Suyu) is a river in Eskişehir Province, Turkey. It is a branch of Sakarya. Çatıören Dam is built on Seydisuyu. It also runs through Doğançayır. Title: Ertuğrul Tekke Mosque Passage: The Ertuğrul Tekke Mosque, (), is an Ottoman imperial mosque located in Yıldız neighbourhood, Serencebey rise of Beşiktaş district in Istanbul, Turkey. A late Ottoman period mosque, it is constructed as a külliye consisting of a tekke, guest house, türbe, fountain, and library in addition to the mosque. Title: Şemsi Pasha Mosque Passage: The Şemsi Pasha Mosque was designed by Ottoman imperial architect Mimar Sinan for Grand Vizier Şemsi Pasha. The Mosque is one of the smallest to be commissioned by a Grand Vizier in Constantinople, however it is its miniature dimensions combined with its picturesque waterfront location which have made it one of the most attractive mosques in the city. The Mosque is a celebrated example of the chief architect's skill in organically blending architecture with the natural landscape. Title: Grand Jamia Mosque, Lahore Passage: Grand Jamia Mosque Lahore () is a mosque located in Bahria Town, Lahore, Pakistan. With a capacity of 80,000 worshippers, it is the third largest mosque in Pakistan and the fourteenth largest mosque in the world. Title: Seif Palace Passage: Seif Palace (Arabic, قصر السيف) is a palace in Kuwait City, Kuwait. Located opposite the Grand Mosque, one of Seif Palace's best-known features is the watch tower, covered in blue tiles and with a roof plated in pure gold. Local materials such as clay, rocks, limestone, wood and metals were used in its construction. Title: Üç Şerefeli Mosque Passage: The Üç Şerefeli Mosque was commissioned by Ottoman sultan Murad II (1421–1444,1446– 1451), and built between 1438 and 1447. It is located in the historical center of the city, close to the Selimiye Mosque and Old Mosque. The name refers to unusual minaret with three balconies (Turkish: üç şerefeli).The architect of the mosque is not known. It is built of Burgaz limestone with a main dome that is 24 m in diameter. When first built the dome was the largest in any Ottoman building. The mosque was severely damaged by fire in 1732 and by an earthquake in 1748 but was repaired on the order of Mahmut I.The two blue and turquoise underglaze-painted tile panels in the tympana of the windows were probably produced by the same group of tilemakers who had decorated the Yeşil Mosque (1419–21) in Bursa where the tiles are signed as "the work of the masters of Tabriz" (ʿamal-i ustadan-i Tabriz). The running pattern of the Chinese influenced floral border tiles is similar to those in the small Muradiye Mosque in Edirne.In the Şakaiki Numaniye Taş Köprü Zade relates how 'Certain accursed ones of no significance' were burnt to death by Mahmut Paşa who accidentally set fire to his beard in the process. Title: Perlis State Mosque Passage: The Perlis State Mosque (Malay: "Masjid Negeri Perlis") is a mosque in Arau, Perlis, Malaysia. It is the state and royal mosque of Perlis. Title: Sultan Ahmed Mosque Passage: The Sultan Ahmed Mosque or Sultan Ahmet Mosque (Turkish: Sultan Ahmet Camii) is a historic mosque located in Istanbul, Turkey. A popular tourist site, the Sultan Ahmed Mosque continues to function as a mosque today; men still kneel in prayer on the mosque's lush red carpet after the call to prayer. The Blue Mosque, as it is popularly known, was constructed between 1609 and 1616 during the rule of Ahmed I. Its Külliye contains Ahmed's tomb, a madrasah and a hospice. Hand - painted blue tiles adorn the mosque's interior walls, and at night the mosque is bathed in blue as lights frame the mosque's five main domes, six minarets and eight secondary domes. It sits next to the Hagia Sophia, another popular tourist site. Title: Red Mosque, Berat Passage: The Red Mosque () is a ruined mosque in Berat Castle, Berat, Albania. It is a Cultural Monument of Albania since 1961. Title: Sinan Pasha Mosque (Prizren) Passage: The Sinan Pasha Mosque (; ; ; ) is an Ottoman mosque in the city of Prizren, Kosovo. It was built in 1615 by Sofi Sinan Pasha, bey of Budim. The mosque overlooks the main street of Prizren and is a dominant feature in the town's skyline. Title: Atiq Mosque, Awjila Passage: The Atiq Mosque (also called the Great Mosque, or al-Kabir mosque) () is a mosque in the oasis village of Awjila, in the Sahara desert of the Cyrenaica region of eastern Libya. The community dates back to classical times. Since being taken by the Arabs in the seventh century, Islam has always played a central role in the life of Awjila. The 12th-century mosque, the oldest in the region, has unusual conical domes made of mudbrick and limestone that provide light and ventilation. Title: Al-Aqsa Mosque Passage: Al - Aqsa Mosque (Arabic: المسجد الاقصى ‎ ‎ Al - Masjid al - 'Aqṣā, IPA: (ʔælˈmæsdʒɪd ælˈʔɑqsʕɑ) (listen), ``the Farthest Mosque ''), also known as Al - Aqsa and Bayt al - Maqdis, is the third holiest site in Islam and is located in the Old City of Jerusalem. Whilst the entire site on which the silver - domed mosque sits, along with the Dome of the Rock, seventeen gates, and four minarets, was itself historically known as the Al - Aqsa Mosque, today a narrower definition prevails, and the wider compound is usually referred to as al - Haram ash - Sharif (`` the Noble Sanctuary''), or the Temple Mount, the holiest site in Judaism. Muslims believe that Muhammad was transported from the Sacred Mosque in Mecca to al - Aqsa during the Night Journey. Islamic tradition holds that Muhammad led prayers towards this site until the seventeenth month after the emigration, when God directed him to turn towards the Kaaba. Title: Tongxin Great Mosque Passage: The Tongxin Great Mosque () is a mosque in Tongxin County, Wuzhong City, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China. The mosque is the oldest and largest mosque in Ningxia. Title: Mosque of the Martyrs Passage: The Mosque of the Martyrs (), also popularly known as the Turkish Mosque, is a mosque in Baku, Azerbaijan, near the Martyrs' Lane. The mosque was built in the beginning of the 1990s with assistance of the Turkish government. The mosque currently is used as an official residence of religious attaché of the Turkish embassy. The mosque has been under construction since 2009. Title: Islamic Cultural Center of New York Passage: The Islamic Cultural Center of New York is a mosque and Islamic cultural center in East Harlem, Manhattan, New York City, United States. It is located at 1711 Third Avenue, between East 96th and 97th Streets. The Islamic Cultural Center was the first mosque built in New York City. The mosque's older dwelling in a townhouse at 1 Riverside Drive, is still in continual prayer use as a satellite location. Title: Shah Jahan Mosque, Woking Passage: The Shah Jahan Mosque (also known as Woking Mosque) in Oriental Road, Woking, England, is the first purpose - built mosque in the United Kingdom. Built in 1889, it is located 30 miles (50 km) southwest of London. Title: Hassan II Mosque Passage: The Hassan II Mosque (, ) is a mosque in Casablanca, Morocco. It is the largest mosque in Africa, and the 5th largest in the world. Its minaret is the world's second tallest minaret at . Completed in 1993, it was designed by Michel Pinseau and built by Bouygues. The minaret is 60 stories high topped by a laser, the light from which is directed towards Mecca. The mosque stands on a promontory looking out to the Atlantic Ocean; worshippers can pray over the sea but there is no glass floor looking into the sea. The walls are of hand-crafted marble and the roof is retractable. A maximum of 105,000 worshippers can gather together for prayer: 25,000 inside the mosque hall and another 80,000 on the mosque's outside ground. Title: Sultan Ismail Petra Silver Jubilee Mosque Passage: Chinese Mosque, Rantau Panjang or Sultan Ismail Petra Silver Jubilee Mosque and Beijing Mosque (Malay: Masjid China, Rantau Panjang or Masjid Jubli Perak Sultan Ismail Petra and Masjid Beijing) is a Chinese-style mosque in Rantau Panjang, Kelantan, Malaysia. The mosque resembles the 1,000-year-old Niujie Mosque in Beijing, China.	[ "Sultan Ahmed Mosque", "Seydisuyu" ]
2hop__3880_26548	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Sarah Bishop (previously Falkland) is a British television journalist, working as a reporter and newsreader for BBC \"Midlands Today\" for the West Midlands Region.", "title": "Sarah Bishop" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Food and Drink is a British television series on BBC Two. First broadcast between 1982 and 2002, it was the first national television programme in the UK to cover the subject of food and drink without cookery and recipe demonstrations.", "title": "Food and Drink" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Primark continued to investigate the allegations for three years, concluding that BBC report was a fake. In 2011, following an investigation by the BBC Trust’s Editorial Standards Committee, the BBC announced, \"Having carefully scrutinised all of the relevant evidence, the committee concluded that, on the balance of probabilities, it was more likely than not that the Bangalore footage was not authentic.\" BBC subsequently apologised for faking footage, and returned the television award for investigative reporting.", "title": "Child labour" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Authorized to proceed, Banning's first act is to save Connor, whom Kang plans to use to force Asher to reveal his Cerberus code. Banning finds Connor hiding in the walls, thanks to the training he had given him, and sneaks the boy to safety. Banning begins reconnaissance and reduces the terrorists' numbers. Banning kills Forbes, first convincing the traitor to report to Kang that Banning is dead. Meanwhile, Army Chief of Staff General Edward Clegg (Robert Forster) convinces Trumbull to order an aerial SEAL assault on the White House. Kang discovers the assault force and activates the Hydra 6, an advanced anti-aircraft system built by the military. Discovering the system, Banning advises Trumbull and Clegg to abort the mission, but the new weapon system annihilates most of the assault force before Banning can stop it. Kang retaliates for the infiltration by killing Vice President Charlie Rodriguez (Phil Austin).", "title": "Olympus Has Fallen" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The traditional food of the Emirates has always been rice, fish and meat. The people of the United Arab Emirates have adopted most of their foods from other West and South Asian countries including Iran, Saudi Arabia, Pakistan, India and Oman. Seafood has been the mainstay of the Emirati diet for centuries. Meat and rice are other staple foods, with lamb and mutton preferred to goat and beef. Popular beverages are coffee and tea, which can be complemented with cardamom, saffron, or mint to give them a distinctive flavour.Popular cultural Emirati dishes include threed, machboos, khubisa, khameer and chabab bread among others while Lugaimat is a famous Emirati dessert.", "title": "United Arab Emirates" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Malu Mirisata (spicy Sri Lankan fish curry) has more of a chili flavor and it’s a favorite method of cooking fish in Sri Lanka. The dish is popular around the country and mostly in seaboard area where fish and other seafood are staple foods. Coconut milk is used in some variations of this dish. This can be usually served with rice, bread or string hoppers.", "title": "Malu Mirisata" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Agriculture is dominated by the cultivation and sale of food crops such as cassava, peanuts, maize, sorghum, millet, sesame, and plantain. The annual real GDP growth rate is just above 3%. The importance of food crops over exported cash crops is indicated by the fact that the total production of cassava, the staple food of most Central Africans, ranges between 200,000 and 300,000 tonnes a year, while the production of cotton, the principal exported cash crop, ranges from 25,000 to 45,000 tonnes a year. Food crops are not exported in large quantities, but still constitute the principal cash crops of the country, because Central Africans derive far more income from the periodic sale of surplus food crops than from exported cash crops such as cotton or coffee.[citation needed] Much of the country is self-sufficient in food crops; however, livestock development is hindered by the presence of the tsetse fly.[citation needed]", "title": "Central African Republic" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Taking the Flak is a comedy drama which aired on BBC Two in summer 2009. It is set in a fictional Central African country that is the middle of a civil war. A team of BBC journalists arrive from London, to the annoyance of the local BBC stringer Harry Chambers (Bruce Mackinnon), and send reports back to BBC News in London. The series has been described as \"a bit like \"Drop the Dead Donkey\" meets \"The Constant Gardener\"\".", "title": "Taking the Flak" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Asia Business Report is a business news programme produced by the BBC and is shown on BBC World News during the Asian morning hours. This programme used to be available exclusively in Asia-Pacific, South Asia and Middle East but, as of a 1 February 2010 revamp, is aired worldwide. It is also currently aired on the UK's domestic BBC News and BBC One channel three times daily in the early hours of the morning as part of the \"Newsday\" programme.", "title": "Asia Business Report" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Britain's Favourite Supermarket Foods is a British documentary series which was first broadcast on BBC One on 15 February 2012 as a one-off special. The programme returned on 18 July 2013 and aired for two episodes. Presented by Cherry Healey, the programme investigates some of the UK's favourite supermarket foods, revealing their secrets and unexpected powers.", "title": "Britain's Favourite Supermarket Foods" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In March 2006, a law was introduced to forbid smoking in all enclosed public places in Scotland. Wales followed suit in April 2007, with England introducing the ban in July 2007. Pub landlords had raised concerns prior to the implementation of the law that a smoking ban would have a negative impact on sales. After two years, the impact of the ban was mixed; some pubs suffered declining sales, while others developed their food sales. The Wetherspoon pub chain reported in June 2009 that profits were at the top end of expectations; however, Scottish & Newcastle's takeover by Carlsberg and Heineken was reported in January 2008 as partly the result of its weakness following falling sales due to the ban. Similar bans are applied in Australian pubs with smoking only allowed in designated areas.", "title": "Pub" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The economy of Tibet is dominated by subsistence agriculture, though tourism has become a growing industry in recent decades. The dominant religion in Tibet is Tibetan Buddhism; in addition there is Bön, which is similar to Tibetan Buddhism, and there are also Tibetan Muslims and Christian minorities. Tibetan Buddhism is a primary influence on the art, music, and festivals of the region. Tibetan architecture reflects Chinese and Indian influences. Staple foods in Tibet are roasted barley, yak meat, and butter tea.", "title": "Tibet" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In its 2014 Press Freedom Index, Reporters Without Borders ranked the media environment in Eritrea at the very bottom of a list of 178 countries, just below totalitarian North Korea. According to the BBC, \"Eritrea is the only African country to have no privately owned news media\", and Reporters Without Borders said of the public media, \"[they] do nothing but relay the regime's belligerent and ultra-nationalist discourse. ... Not a single [foreign correspondent] now lives in Asmara.\" The state-owned news agency censors news about external events. Independent media have been banned since 2001. In 2015, The Guardian published an opinion piece claiming,", "title": "Eritrea" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Robin Aitken MBE is a British journalist who for many years worked for the BBC. His 2007 book \"Can We Trust the BBC?\" alleged pervasive and institutional liberal-left wing bias at the BBC. He has held a seminar on this subject at the Thomas More Institute. He is co-founder of the Oxford Foodbank, which collects 5 tons of food from supermarkets a week and distributes it to charities; he was awarded the MBE for this work in 2014.", "title": "Robin Aitken" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Some Western media have reported on Chinese accusations of Western media bias. The Daily Telegraph published an opinion piece by the Chinese ambassador to the United Kingdom, Fu Ying, who accused Western media of \"demonising\" China during their coverage of the torch relays. The Telegraph also asked its readers to send their views in response to the question \"Is the West demonising China?\" The BBC reported on a demonstration in Sydney by Chinese Australians \"voicing support for Beijing amid controversy over Tibet\" and protesting against what they saw as Western media bias. The report showed demonstrators carrying signs which read \"Shame on some Western media\", \"BBC CNN lies too\" and \"Stop media distortion!\". One demonstrator interviewed by the BBC stated: \"I saw some news from CNN, from the BBC, some media [inaudible], and they are just lying.\" Libération also reported that it had been accused of bias by the Chinese media.", "title": "2008 Summer Olympics torch relay" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Report of the Secretary-General's Panel of Experts on Accountability in Sri Lanka was a 2011 report produced by a panel of experts appointed by United Nations Secretary-General (UNSG) Ban Ki-moon to advise him on the issue of accountability with regard to any alleged violations of international human rights and humanitarian law during the final stages of the Sri Lankan Civil War. The report is referred to by some as the Darusman Report, after the name of the chairman of the panel (Indonesian politician Marzuki Darusman).", "title": "Report of the Secretary-General's Panel of Experts on Accountability in Sri Lanka" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "On 16 November 2004 a Public Health white paper proposed a smoking ban in almost all public places in England and Wales. Smoking restrictions would be phased in, with a ban on smoking in NHS and government buildings by 2006, in enclosed public places by 2007, and pubs, bars and restaurants (except pubs not serving food) by the end of 2008.", "title": "Smoking ban in England" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Trader Joe's Trader Joe's in Buffalo, New York Type Private Industry Retail (grocery) Founded 1958; 60 years ago (1958) (as Pronto Market) 1967 (1967) (as Trader Joe's) Pasadena, California, USA Founder Joe Coulombe Headquarters Monrovia, California, U.S. Number of locations 474 (as of 12 October 2017) Key people Dan Bane, Chairman & CEO Products Private label staple foods, organic foods and specialty products Revenue US $13 billion (2015) Number of employees 38,000 + Parent ALDI Nord Website traderjoes.com", "title": "Trader Joe's" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "On April 19, the BBC reported that 1,300 people had gathered outside BBC buildings in Manchester and London, protesting against what they described as Western media bias. Several days earlier, the BBC had published an article entitled \"The challenges of reporting in China\", responding to earlier criticism. The BBC's Paul Danahar noted that Chinese people were now \"able to access the BBC News website for the first time, after years of strict censorship\", and that \"many were critical of our coverage\". He provided readers with a reminder of censorship in China, and added: \"People who criticise the media for their coverage in Tibet should acknowledge that we were and still are banned from reporting there.\" He also quoted critical Chinese responses, and invited readers to comment.", "title": "2008 Summer Olympics torch relay" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The staple foods were generally consumed around 11 o'clock, and consisted of bread, lettuce, cheese, fruits, nuts, and cold meat left over from the dinner the night before.[citation needed] The Roman poet Horace mentions another Roman favorite, the olive, in reference to his own diet, which he describes as very simple: \"As for me, olives, endives, and smooth mallows provide sustenance.\" The family ate together, sitting on stools around a table. Fingers were used to eat solid foods and spoons were used for soups.[citation needed]", "title": "Roman Republic" } ]	What is a staple food in the country where the BBC is banned from reporting?	yak meat	[]	Title: Trader Joe's Passage: Trader Joe's Trader Joe's in Buffalo, New York Type Private Industry Retail (grocery) Founded 1958; 60 years ago (1958) (as Pronto Market) 1967 (1967) (as Trader Joe's) Pasadena, California, USA Founder Joe Coulombe Headquarters Monrovia, California, U.S. Number of locations 474 (as of 12 October 2017) Key people Dan Bane, Chairman & CEO Products Private label staple foods, organic foods and specialty products Revenue US $13 billion (2015) Number of employees 38,000 + Parent ALDI Nord Website traderjoes.com Title: Taking the Flak Passage: Taking the Flak is a comedy drama which aired on BBC Two in summer 2009. It is set in a fictional Central African country that is the middle of a civil war. A team of BBC journalists arrive from London, to the annoyance of the local BBC stringer Harry Chambers (Bruce Mackinnon), and send reports back to BBC News in London. The series has been described as "a bit like "Drop the Dead Donkey" meets "The Constant Gardener"". Title: Tibet Passage: The economy of Tibet is dominated by subsistence agriculture, though tourism has become a growing industry in recent decades. The dominant religion in Tibet is Tibetan Buddhism; in addition there is Bön, which is similar to Tibetan Buddhism, and there are also Tibetan Muslims and Christian minorities. Tibetan Buddhism is a primary influence on the art, music, and festivals of the region. Tibetan architecture reflects Chinese and Indian influences. Staple foods in Tibet are roasted barley, yak meat, and butter tea. Title: United Arab Emirates Passage: The traditional food of the Emirates has always been rice, fish and meat. The people of the United Arab Emirates have adopted most of their foods from other West and South Asian countries including Iran, Saudi Arabia, Pakistan, India and Oman. Seafood has been the mainstay of the Emirati diet for centuries. Meat and rice are other staple foods, with lamb and mutton preferred to goat and beef. Popular beverages are coffee and tea, which can be complemented with cardamom, saffron, or mint to give them a distinctive flavour.Popular cultural Emirati dishes include threed, machboos, khubisa, khameer and chabab bread among others while Lugaimat is a famous Emirati dessert. Title: Roman Republic Passage: The staple foods were generally consumed around 11 o'clock, and consisted of bread, lettuce, cheese, fruits, nuts, and cold meat left over from the dinner the night before.[citation needed] The Roman poet Horace mentions another Roman favorite, the olive, in reference to his own diet, which he describes as very simple: "As for me, olives, endives, and smooth mallows provide sustenance." The family ate together, sitting on stools around a table. Fingers were used to eat solid foods and spoons were used for soups.[citation needed] Title: 2008 Summer Olympics torch relay Passage: On April 19, the BBC reported that 1,300 people had gathered outside BBC buildings in Manchester and London, protesting against what they described as Western media bias. Several days earlier, the BBC had published an article entitled "The challenges of reporting in China", responding to earlier criticism. The BBC's Paul Danahar noted that Chinese people were now "able to access the BBC News website for the first time, after years of strict censorship", and that "many were critical of our coverage". He provided readers with a reminder of censorship in China, and added: "People who criticise the media for their coverage in Tibet should acknowledge that we were and still are banned from reporting there." He also quoted critical Chinese responses, and invited readers to comment. Title: Food and Drink Passage: Food and Drink is a British television series on BBC Two. First broadcast between 1982 and 2002, it was the first national television programme in the UK to cover the subject of food and drink without cookery and recipe demonstrations. Title: 2008 Summer Olympics torch relay Passage: Some Western media have reported on Chinese accusations of Western media bias. The Daily Telegraph published an opinion piece by the Chinese ambassador to the United Kingdom, Fu Ying, who accused Western media of "demonising" China during their coverage of the torch relays. The Telegraph also asked its readers to send their views in response to the question "Is the West demonising China?" The BBC reported on a demonstration in Sydney by Chinese Australians "voicing support for Beijing amid controversy over Tibet" and protesting against what they saw as Western media bias. The report showed demonstrators carrying signs which read "Shame on some Western media", "BBC CNN lies too" and "Stop media distortion!". One demonstrator interviewed by the BBC stated: "I saw some news from CNN, from the BBC, some media [inaudible], and they are just lying." Libération also reported that it had been accused of bias by the Chinese media. Title: Child labour Passage: Primark continued to investigate the allegations for three years, concluding that BBC report was a fake. In 2011, following an investigation by the BBC Trust’s Editorial Standards Committee, the BBC announced, "Having carefully scrutinised all of the relevant evidence, the committee concluded that, on the balance of probabilities, it was more likely than not that the Bangalore footage was not authentic." BBC subsequently apologised for faking footage, and returned the television award for investigative reporting. Title: Robin Aitken Passage: Robin Aitken MBE is a British journalist who for many years worked for the BBC. His 2007 book "Can We Trust the BBC?" alleged pervasive and institutional liberal-left wing bias at the BBC. He has held a seminar on this subject at the Thomas More Institute. He is co-founder of the Oxford Foodbank, which collects 5 tons of food from supermarkets a week and distributes it to charities; he was awarded the MBE for this work in 2014. Title: Report of the Secretary-General's Panel of Experts on Accountability in Sri Lanka Passage: The Report of the Secretary-General's Panel of Experts on Accountability in Sri Lanka was a 2011 report produced by a panel of experts appointed by United Nations Secretary-General (UNSG) Ban Ki-moon to advise him on the issue of accountability with regard to any alleged violations of international human rights and humanitarian law during the final stages of the Sri Lankan Civil War. The report is referred to by some as the Darusman Report, after the name of the chairman of the panel (Indonesian politician Marzuki Darusman). Title: Pub Passage: In March 2006, a law was introduced to forbid smoking in all enclosed public places in Scotland. Wales followed suit in April 2007, with England introducing the ban in July 2007. Pub landlords had raised concerns prior to the implementation of the law that a smoking ban would have a negative impact on sales. After two years, the impact of the ban was mixed; some pubs suffered declining sales, while others developed their food sales. The Wetherspoon pub chain reported in June 2009 that profits were at the top end of expectations; however, Scottish & Newcastle's takeover by Carlsberg and Heineken was reported in January 2008 as partly the result of its weakness following falling sales due to the ban. Similar bans are applied in Australian pubs with smoking only allowed in designated areas. Title: Olympus Has Fallen Passage: Authorized to proceed, Banning's first act is to save Connor, whom Kang plans to use to force Asher to reveal his Cerberus code. Banning finds Connor hiding in the walls, thanks to the training he had given him, and sneaks the boy to safety. Banning begins reconnaissance and reduces the terrorists' numbers. Banning kills Forbes, first convincing the traitor to report to Kang that Banning is dead. Meanwhile, Army Chief of Staff General Edward Clegg (Robert Forster) convinces Trumbull to order an aerial SEAL assault on the White House. Kang discovers the assault force and activates the Hydra 6, an advanced anti-aircraft system built by the military. Discovering the system, Banning advises Trumbull and Clegg to abort the mission, but the new weapon system annihilates most of the assault force before Banning can stop it. Kang retaliates for the infiltration by killing Vice President Charlie Rodriguez (Phil Austin). Title: Britain's Favourite Supermarket Foods Passage: Britain's Favourite Supermarket Foods is a British documentary series which was first broadcast on BBC One on 15 February 2012 as a one-off special. The programme returned on 18 July 2013 and aired for two episodes. Presented by Cherry Healey, the programme investigates some of the UK's favourite supermarket foods, revealing their secrets and unexpected powers. Title: Asia Business Report Passage: Asia Business Report is a business news programme produced by the BBC and is shown on BBC World News during the Asian morning hours. This programme used to be available exclusively in Asia-Pacific, South Asia and Middle East but, as of a 1 February 2010 revamp, is aired worldwide. It is also currently aired on the UK's domestic BBC News and BBC One channel three times daily in the early hours of the morning as part of the "Newsday" programme. Title: Eritrea Passage: In its 2014 Press Freedom Index, Reporters Without Borders ranked the media environment in Eritrea at the very bottom of a list of 178 countries, just below totalitarian North Korea. According to the BBC, "Eritrea is the only African country to have no privately owned news media", and Reporters Without Borders said of the public media, "[they] do nothing but relay the regime's belligerent and ultra-nationalist discourse. ... Not a single [foreign correspondent] now lives in Asmara." The state-owned news agency censors news about external events. Independent media have been banned since 2001. In 2015, The Guardian published an opinion piece claiming, Title: Sarah Bishop Passage: Sarah Bishop (previously Falkland) is a British television journalist, working as a reporter and newsreader for BBC "Midlands Today" for the West Midlands Region. Title: Malu Mirisata Passage: Malu Mirisata (spicy Sri Lankan fish curry) has more of a chili flavor and it’s a favorite method of cooking fish in Sri Lanka. The dish is popular around the country and mostly in seaboard area where fish and other seafood are staple foods. Coconut milk is used in some variations of this dish. This can be usually served with rice, bread or string hoppers. Title: Smoking ban in England Passage: On 16 November 2004 a Public Health white paper proposed a smoking ban in almost all public places in England and Wales. Smoking restrictions would be phased in, with a ban on smoking in NHS and government buildings by 2006, in enclosed public places by 2007, and pubs, bars and restaurants (except pubs not serving food) by the end of 2008. Title: Central African Republic Passage: Agriculture is dominated by the cultivation and sale of food crops such as cassava, peanuts, maize, sorghum, millet, sesame, and plantain. The annual real GDP growth rate is just above 3%. The importance of food crops over exported cash crops is indicated by the fact that the total production of cassava, the staple food of most Central Africans, ranges between 200,000 and 300,000 tonnes a year, while the production of cotton, the principal exported cash crop, ranges from 25,000 to 45,000 tonnes a year. Food crops are not exported in large quantities, but still constitute the principal cash crops of the country, because Central Africans derive far more income from the periodic sale of surplus food crops than from exported cash crops such as cotton or coffee.[citation needed] Much of the country is self-sufficient in food crops; however, livestock development is hindered by the presence of the tsetse fly.[citation needed]	[ "Tibet", "2008 Summer Olympics torch relay" ]
2hop__786727_87112	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "WWJD (91.7 FM, \"Eagle 91.7\") is a radio station licensed to serve Pippa Passes, Kentucky. The station is owned by Alice Lloyd College. It broadcasts in a Contemporary Christian music format.", "title": "WWJD" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "WKJV-LP is a Southern Gospel and Religious formatted broadcast radio station licensed to Bristol, Virginia, serving the twin cities of Bristol in Virginia and in Tennessee. WKJV-LP is owned and operated by Belle Meadows Baptist Church.", "title": "WKJV-LP" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "KZND-FM (94.7 FM, \"94/7 Alternative Anchorage”) is a commercial radio station located in Houston, Alaska, broadcasting to the Anchorage, Alaska, area. KZND airs an Alternative rock format. It is locally owned by Last Frontier Mediactive. Its studios are located on Business Park Boulevard in Anchorage, and its transmitter is located in Eagle River, Alaska.", "title": "KZND-FM" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Eagle Rock is an unincorporated community and census-designated place in Barry County, Missouri, United States. As of the 2010 census it had a population of 199.", "title": "Eagle Rock, Missouri" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "KZLB (92.1 FM, \"The Eagle\") is a radio station that broadcasts out of Fort Dodge, Iowa airing a classic rock format. The station is owned by Alpha Media, through licensee Alpha 3E Licensee LLC.", "title": "KZLB" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "KEGL (97.1 FM, \"The Eagle\") is a radio station licensed to Fort Worth, Texas, United States. The station broadcasts an alternative-leaning Mainstream Rock music format to the Dallas/Fort Worth Metroplex. KEGL is owned and operated by iHeartMedia. The station's studios are located along Dallas Parkway in Farmers Branch (although it has a Dallas address), and the transmitter site is in Cedar Hill.", "title": "KEGL" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Eagle Twin is an American metal band formed in Salt Lake City, Utah by singer/guitarist Gentry Densley and drummer Tyler Smith. Eagle Twin's music could be broadly classified as doom metal or sludge metal, but also touches on progressive rock, blues rock, jazz fusion and psychedelic rock, featuring lengthy instrumental passages and Densley's gruff, half-chanted vocals, which occasionally veer into overtone singing.", "title": "Eagle Twin" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "KDWB-FM (101.3 FM) is an American commercial radio station broadcasting in the Twin Cities region of Minnesota, licensed to suburban Richfield. KDWB's radio format is Top 40/CHR. Its transmitter is located in Shoreview, while its studios are in St. Louis Park. The station is owned by iHeartMedia.", "title": "KDWB-FM" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Newcastle is a town in Lincoln County, Maine, United States. The population was 1,752 at the 2010 census. The village of Newcastle is located in the eastern part of the town, on the Damariscotta River. Together with the village of Damariscotta linked by the Main Street bridge, they form the Twin Villages (see Damariscotta-Newcastle CDP).", "title": "Newcastle, Maine" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Eagle Mountain is a city in Utah County, Utah, United States. It is part of the Provo–Orem, Utah Metropolitan Statistical Area. The city is located to the west as well as north of the Lake Mountains, which are west of Utah Lake. It was incorporated December 3, 1996 and has been rapidly growing ever since. The population was 21,415 at the 2010 census. Although Eagle Mountain was a town in 2000, it has since been classified as a fourth-class city by state law. In its short history, the city has quickly become known for its rapid growth.", "title": "Eagle Mountain, Utah" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Eagle Township is a township in Carlton County, Minnesota, United States. The population was 565 as of the 2000 census. Eagle Township took its name from Eagle Lake.", "title": "Eagle Township, Carlton County, Minnesota" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Salt Lake City (often shortened to Salt Lake or SLC) is the capital and the most populous municipality of the U.S. state of Utah. With an estimated population of 190,884 in 2014, the city is the core of the Salt Lake City metropolitan area, which has a population of 1,153,340 (2014 estimate). Salt Lake City is further situated within a larger metropolis known as the Salt Lake City - Ogden - Provo Combined Statistical Area. This region is a corridor of contiguous urban and suburban development stretched along an approximately 120 - mile (190 km) segment of the Wasatch Front, comprising a population of 2,423,912 as of 2014. It is one of only two major urban areas in the Great Basin (the other is Reno, Nevada).", "title": "Salt Lake City" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Hot 100 and Easy Listening charts became more similar again toward the end of the 1960s and into the early and mid-1970s, when the texture of much of the music played on Top 40 radio once more began to soften. The adult contemporary format began evolving into the sound that later defined it, with rock-oriented acts as Chicago, The Eagles, and Elton John becoming associated with the format.", "title": "Adult contemporary music" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Florence is a town in Florence County, Wisconsin, United States. The population was 2,319 at the 2000 census. The ZIP code is 54121. Florence is also the name of a census-designated place within the town about northwest of Iron Mountain, Michigan; the community is the county seat of Florence County. The unincorporated communities of Hematite, Pulp, Ridgetop, Spread Eagle, and Tyran are also located in the town.", "title": "Florence (town), Wisconsin" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Tryin' to Get to You\" is a song written by R&B singer songwriters Rose Marie McCoy and Charles Singleton It was originally recorded by the Washington DC vocal group The Eagles in 1954 and released in mid-1954 on Mercury Records 70391. Advertising in \"Billboard\" magazine indicates that the format of the title on The Eagles’ record was “Tryin’ to Get to You”, with an apostrophe.", "title": "Tryin' to Get to You" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "LeGore Lake is a tarn located in the Eagle Cap Wilderness of northeastern Oregon, United States. It is the highest true lake in Oregon at elevation. It is positioned near Twin Peaks and is accessed by a 4-mile hiking trail that ascends 4,000 feet and passes the LeGore mine, the lake's namesake.", "title": "Legore Lake" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Twin Brooks is a town in Grant County, South Dakota, United States. The population was 69 at the 2010 census.", "title": "Twin Brooks, South Dakota" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Eagle Township is one of twelve townships in Boone County, Indiana. As of the 2010 census, its population was 21,977 and it contained 8,231 housing units.", "title": "Eagle Township, Boone County, Indiana" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Randall is a town in Kenosha County, Wisconsin, United States. The population was 2,929 at the 2000 census. The unincorporated communities of Bassett and Powers Lake as well as the village of Twin Lakes, Wisconsin are located in Randall.", "title": "Randall, Wisconsin" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Eagle Bird is a former settlement in Nevada County, California. Situated at an elevation of above sea level, it still appeared on maps as of 1902. Eagle Bird is located on the South Yuba River, south-southeast of Graniteville.", "title": "Eagle Bird, California" } ]	what's the population of the city Eagle Twin was formed?	190,884	[]	Title: Salt Lake City Passage: Salt Lake City (often shortened to Salt Lake or SLC) is the capital and the most populous municipality of the U.S. state of Utah. With an estimated population of 190,884 in 2014, the city is the core of the Salt Lake City metropolitan area, which has a population of 1,153,340 (2014 estimate). Salt Lake City is further situated within a larger metropolis known as the Salt Lake City - Ogden - Provo Combined Statistical Area. This region is a corridor of contiguous urban and suburban development stretched along an approximately 120 - mile (190 km) segment of the Wasatch Front, comprising a population of 2,423,912 as of 2014. It is one of only two major urban areas in the Great Basin (the other is Reno, Nevada). Title: KEGL Passage: KEGL (97.1 FM, "The Eagle") is a radio station licensed to Fort Worth, Texas, United States. The station broadcasts an alternative-leaning Mainstream Rock music format to the Dallas/Fort Worth Metroplex. KEGL is owned and operated by iHeartMedia. The station's studios are located along Dallas Parkway in Farmers Branch (although it has a Dallas address), and the transmitter site is in Cedar Hill. Title: Eagle Township, Boone County, Indiana Passage: Eagle Township is one of twelve townships in Boone County, Indiana. As of the 2010 census, its population was 21,977 and it contained 8,231 housing units. Title: Eagle Mountain, Utah Passage: Eagle Mountain is a city in Utah County, Utah, United States. It is part of the Provo–Orem, Utah Metropolitan Statistical Area. The city is located to the west as well as north of the Lake Mountains, which are west of Utah Lake. It was incorporated December 3, 1996 and has been rapidly growing ever since. The population was 21,415 at the 2010 census. Although Eagle Mountain was a town in 2000, it has since been classified as a fourth-class city by state law. In its short history, the city has quickly become known for its rapid growth. Title: Florence (town), Wisconsin Passage: Florence is a town in Florence County, Wisconsin, United States. The population was 2,319 at the 2000 census. The ZIP code is 54121. Florence is also the name of a census-designated place within the town about northwest of Iron Mountain, Michigan; the community is the county seat of Florence County. The unincorporated communities of Hematite, Pulp, Ridgetop, Spread Eagle, and Tyran are also located in the town. Title: Eagle Township, Carlton County, Minnesota Passage: Eagle Township is a township in Carlton County, Minnesota, United States. The population was 565 as of the 2000 census. Eagle Township took its name from Eagle Lake. Title: Randall, Wisconsin Passage: Randall is a town in Kenosha County, Wisconsin, United States. The population was 2,929 at the 2000 census. The unincorporated communities of Bassett and Powers Lake as well as the village of Twin Lakes, Wisconsin are located in Randall. Title: Legore Lake Passage: LeGore Lake is a tarn located in the Eagle Cap Wilderness of northeastern Oregon, United States. It is the highest true lake in Oregon at elevation. It is positioned near Twin Peaks and is accessed by a 4-mile hiking trail that ascends 4,000 feet and passes the LeGore mine, the lake's namesake. Title: Eagle Twin Passage: Eagle Twin is an American metal band formed in Salt Lake City, Utah by singer/guitarist Gentry Densley and drummer Tyler Smith. Eagle Twin's music could be broadly classified as doom metal or sludge metal, but also touches on progressive rock, blues rock, jazz fusion and psychedelic rock, featuring lengthy instrumental passages and Densley's gruff, half-chanted vocals, which occasionally veer into overtone singing. Title: Eagle Bird, California Passage: Eagle Bird is a former settlement in Nevada County, California. Situated at an elevation of above sea level, it still appeared on maps as of 1902. Eagle Bird is located on the South Yuba River, south-southeast of Graniteville. Title: Eagle Rock, Missouri Passage: Eagle Rock is an unincorporated community and census-designated place in Barry County, Missouri, United States. As of the 2010 census it had a population of 199. Title: Newcastle, Maine Passage: Newcastle is a town in Lincoln County, Maine, United States. The population was 1,752 at the 2010 census. The village of Newcastle is located in the eastern part of the town, on the Damariscotta River. Together with the village of Damariscotta linked by the Main Street bridge, they form the Twin Villages (see Damariscotta-Newcastle CDP). Title: Tryin' to Get to You Passage: "Tryin' to Get to You" is a song written by R&B singer songwriters Rose Marie McCoy and Charles Singleton It was originally recorded by the Washington DC vocal group The Eagles in 1954 and released in mid-1954 on Mercury Records 70391. Advertising in "Billboard" magazine indicates that the format of the title on The Eagles’ record was “Tryin’ to Get to You”, with an apostrophe. Title: KDWB-FM Passage: KDWB-FM (101.3 FM) is an American commercial radio station broadcasting in the Twin Cities region of Minnesota, licensed to suburban Richfield. KDWB's radio format is Top 40/CHR. Its transmitter is located in Shoreview, while its studios are in St. Louis Park. The station is owned by iHeartMedia. Title: Twin Brooks, South Dakota Passage: Twin Brooks is a town in Grant County, South Dakota, United States. The population was 69 at the 2010 census. Title: WKJV-LP Passage: WKJV-LP is a Southern Gospel and Religious formatted broadcast radio station licensed to Bristol, Virginia, serving the twin cities of Bristol in Virginia and in Tennessee. WKJV-LP is owned and operated by Belle Meadows Baptist Church. Title: KZND-FM Passage: KZND-FM (94.7 FM, "94/7 Alternative Anchorage”) is a commercial radio station located in Houston, Alaska, broadcasting to the Anchorage, Alaska, area. KZND airs an Alternative rock format. It is locally owned by Last Frontier Mediactive. Its studios are located on Business Park Boulevard in Anchorage, and its transmitter is located in Eagle River, Alaska. Title: KZLB Passage: KZLB (92.1 FM, "The Eagle") is a radio station that broadcasts out of Fort Dodge, Iowa airing a classic rock format. The station is owned by Alpha Media, through licensee Alpha 3E Licensee LLC. Title: Adult contemporary music Passage: The Hot 100 and Easy Listening charts became more similar again toward the end of the 1960s and into the early and mid-1970s, when the texture of much of the music played on Top 40 radio once more began to soften. The adult contemporary format began evolving into the sound that later defined it, with rock-oriented acts as Chicago, The Eagles, and Elton John becoming associated with the format. Title: WWJD Passage: WWJD (91.7 FM, "Eagle 91.7") is a radio station licensed to serve Pippa Passes, Kentucky. The station is owned by Alice Lloyd College. It broadcasts in a Contemporary Christian music format.	[ "Eagle Twin", "Salt Lake City" ]
2hop__325983_20497	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Caribbean initially provided England's most important and lucrative colonies, but not before several attempts at colonisation failed. An attempt to establish a colony in Guiana in 1604 lasted only two years, and failed in its main objective to find gold deposits. Colonies in St Lucia (1605) and Grenada (1609) also rapidly folded, but settlements were successfully established in St. Kitts (1624), Barbados (1627) and Nevis (1628). The colonies soon adopted the system of sugar plantations successfully used by the Portuguese in Brazil, which depended on slave labour, and—at first—Dutch ships, to sell the slaves and buy the sugar. To ensure that the increasingly healthy profits of this trade remained in English hands, Parliament decreed in 1651 that only English ships would be able to ply their trade in English colonies. This led to hostilities with the United Dutch Provinces—a series of Anglo-Dutch Wars—which would eventually strengthen England's position in the Americas at the expense of the Dutch. In 1655, England annexed the island of Jamaica from the Spanish, and in 1666 succeeded in colonising the Bahamas.", "title": "British Empire" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Easton Rangers is a Sierra Leonean football club based in Freetown, Sierra Leone. They are currently a member of the Sierra Leone National First Division, the second highest football league in Sierra Leone.", "title": "Easton Rangers" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Liberia is a country in West Africa which was founded, established, colonized, and controlled by citizens of the United States and ex-Caribbean slaves as a colony for former African American slaves and their free black descendants. It is one of only two sovereign countries in the world that were started by citizens and ex-Caribbean slaves of a political power as a colony for former slaves of the same political power, the other being Sierra Leone, established by Great Britain. In 1847, Liberia proclaimed its independence from the American Colonization Society (ACS).", "title": "History of Liberia" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "On May 6, 1957, Ghana (formerly Gold Coast) became the first sub-Saharan African country to gain its independence from European colonization in the twentieth century.", "title": "Decolonisation of Africa" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Sidney Kargbo (born 1 July 1986 in Freetown) is a Sierra Leonean international footballer who last played for Azerbaijani side Kapaz PFC. He is the younger brother of the Sierra Leone national football team captain Ibrahim Kargbo.", "title": "Sidney Kargbo" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Bayaning 3rd World () is a 1999 Philippine mockumentary film directed by Mike de Leon and written by De Leon and Clodualdo del Mundo Jr. It examines the heroism of Philippine national hero Jose Rizal, particularly on his supposed retraction of his writings against the Catholic Church in the Philippines during the Spanish colonization period in the country.", "title": "Bayaning 3rd World" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Noli Me Tángere (Latin for Touch Me Not) is a novel written by José Rizal, one of the national heroes of the Philippines, during the colonization of the country by Spain to expose the inequities of the Spanish Catholic priests and the ruling government.", "title": "Noli Me Tángere (novel)" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Fly 6ix is a former passenger airline with its head office in Freetown, Sierra Leone, operating out of Lungi International Airport.", "title": "Fly 6ix" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Solomon Anthony James Musa, also known as SAJ Musa, (born 1966 in Freetown, Sierra Leone – died January 1999) was an important military and political figure in the Sierra Leone Civil War.", "title": "Solomon Musa" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Freetown is an area in the Bahamas located on the island of Eleuthera. As of 2018, it had a population of about 100. It should not be confused with the Freetown parliamentary constituency on the island of New Providence, which saw 4,004 votes cast in the 2017 election.", "title": "Freetown, Bahamas" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The 2007 Freetown explosion was an explosion that occurred on Free Street in downtown Freetown, Sierra Leone which killed at least 18 people on 20 December 2007.", "title": "2007 Freetown explosion" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Systematic European colonization began in 1492, when a Spanish expedition headed by the Genoese explorer Christopher Columbus sailed west to find a new trade route to the Far East but inadvertently landed in what came to be known to Europeans as the ``New World ''. Running aground on the northern part of Hispaniola on 5 December 1492, which the Taino people had inhabited since the 7th century, the site became the first European settlement in the Americas apart from a small Norse attempt in Newfoundland centuries before. European conquest, large - scale exploration and colonization soon followed. Columbus's first two voyages (1492 -- 93) reached the Bahamas and various Caribbean islands, including Hispaniola, Puerto Rico and Cuba. In 1498, John Cabot, on behalf of England, landed on the North American coast, and a year later, Columbus's third voyage reached the South American coast. As the sponsor of Christopher Columbus's voyages, Spain was the first European power to settle and colonize the largest areas, from North America and the Caribbean to the southern tip of South America.", "title": "European colonization of the Americas" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Year Company Country (historic) Country (modern) Notes 1668 Sveriges Riksbank Sweden Sweden The world's oldest central bank 1672 C. Hoare & Co England United Kingdom The oldest British bank 1674 Metzler Bank Frankfurt Germany 1690 Barclays England United Kingdom 1692 Coutts England United Kingdom 1694 Bank of England England United Kingdom 1695 Bank of Scotland Scotland United Kingdom", "title": "List of oldest banks in continuous operation" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The British colonization of the Americas (including colonization by both the English and the Scots) began in 1607 in Jamestown, Virginia, and reached its peak when colonies had been established throughout the Americas. The English, and later the British, were among the most important colonizers of the Americas, and their American empire came to rival the Spanish American colonies in military and economic might.", "title": "British colonization of the Americas" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Portugal was the leading country in the European exploration of the world in the 15th century. The Treaty of Tordesillas in 1494 divided the Earth outside Europe into Castilian and Portuguese global territorial hemispheres for exclusive conquest and colonization. Portugal colonized parts of South America (mostly Brazil), but also made some unsuccessful attempts to colonize North America in present - day Canada.", "title": "Portuguese colonization of the Americas" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Early in the morning on August 14, 2017, after three days of torrential rainfall, devastating floods and mudslides occurred in and around Sierra Leone's capital city, Freetown.", "title": "2017 Sierra Leone mudslides" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Aluspah Brewah (born August 24, 1983 in Freetown, Sierra Leone) is an international football player. He is a striker for Hanoi F.C. in the Vietnamese Super League and also for the Sierra Leone national football team.", "title": "Aluspah Brewah" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "European colonization began in 1492, when a Spanish expedition headed by the Genoese explorer Christopher Columbus sailed west to find a new trade route to the Far East but inadvertently landed in what came to be known to Europeans as the ``New World ''. Running aground on the northern part of Hispaniola on 5 December 1492, which the Taino people had inhabited since the 7th century, the site became the first European settlement in the Americas. European conquest, large - scale exploration and colonization soon followed. Columbus's first two voyages (1492 -- 93) reached the Bahamas and various Caribbean islands, including Hispaniola, Puerto Rico and Cuba. In 1498, sailing from Bristol on behalf of England, John Cabot landed on the North American coast, and a year later, Columbus's third voyage reached the South American coast. As the sponsor of Christopher Columbus's voyages, Spain was the first European power to settle and colonize the largest areas, from North America and the Caribbean to the southern tip of South America.", "title": "European colonization of the Americas" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Muwahid Sesay (born June 15, 1984 in Freetown) is a Sierra Leonean international footballer who plays as a striker for Ports Authority F.C. in the Sierra Leone National Premier League.", "title": "Muwahid Sesay" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "On 6 March 1957, Ghana (formerly the Gold Coast) became the first sub-Saharan African country to gain its independence from European colonization in the twentieth century.", "title": "Decolonisation of Africa" } ]	when did England colonize the country where Freetown is located?	1666	[]	Title: Noli Me Tángere (novel) Passage: Noli Me Tángere (Latin for Touch Me Not) is a novel written by José Rizal, one of the national heroes of the Philippines, during the colonization of the country by Spain to expose the inequities of the Spanish Catholic priests and the ruling government. Title: History of Liberia Passage: Liberia is a country in West Africa which was founded, established, colonized, and controlled by citizens of the United States and ex-Caribbean slaves as a colony for former African American slaves and their free black descendants. It is one of only two sovereign countries in the world that were started by citizens and ex-Caribbean slaves of a political power as a colony for former slaves of the same political power, the other being Sierra Leone, established by Great Britain. In 1847, Liberia proclaimed its independence from the American Colonization Society (ACS). Title: Sidney Kargbo Passage: Sidney Kargbo (born 1 July 1986 in Freetown) is a Sierra Leonean international footballer who last played for Azerbaijani side Kapaz PFC. He is the younger brother of the Sierra Leone national football team captain Ibrahim Kargbo. Title: Easton Rangers Passage: Easton Rangers is a Sierra Leonean football club based in Freetown, Sierra Leone. They are currently a member of the Sierra Leone National First Division, the second highest football league in Sierra Leone. Title: Solomon Musa Passage: Solomon Anthony James Musa, also known as SAJ Musa, (born 1966 in Freetown, Sierra Leone – died January 1999) was an important military and political figure in the Sierra Leone Civil War. Title: List of oldest banks in continuous operation Passage: Year Company Country (historic) Country (modern) Notes 1668 Sveriges Riksbank Sweden Sweden The world's oldest central bank 1672 C. Hoare & Co England United Kingdom The oldest British bank 1674 Metzler Bank Frankfurt Germany 1690 Barclays England United Kingdom 1692 Coutts England United Kingdom 1694 Bank of England England United Kingdom 1695 Bank of Scotland Scotland United Kingdom Title: Freetown, Bahamas Passage: Freetown is an area in the Bahamas located on the island of Eleuthera. As of 2018, it had a population of about 100. It should not be confused with the Freetown parliamentary constituency on the island of New Providence, which saw 4,004 votes cast in the 2017 election. Title: British Empire Passage: The Caribbean initially provided England's most important and lucrative colonies, but not before several attempts at colonisation failed. An attempt to establish a colony in Guiana in 1604 lasted only two years, and failed in its main objective to find gold deposits. Colonies in St Lucia (1605) and Grenada (1609) also rapidly folded, but settlements were successfully established in St. Kitts (1624), Barbados (1627) and Nevis (1628). The colonies soon adopted the system of sugar plantations successfully used by the Portuguese in Brazil, which depended on slave labour, and—at first—Dutch ships, to sell the slaves and buy the sugar. To ensure that the increasingly healthy profits of this trade remained in English hands, Parliament decreed in 1651 that only English ships would be able to ply their trade in English colonies. This led to hostilities with the United Dutch Provinces—a series of Anglo-Dutch Wars—which would eventually strengthen England's position in the Americas at the expense of the Dutch. In 1655, England annexed the island of Jamaica from the Spanish, and in 1666 succeeded in colonising the Bahamas. Title: Decolonisation of Africa Passage: On 6 March 1957, Ghana (formerly the Gold Coast) became the first sub-Saharan African country to gain its independence from European colonization in the twentieth century. Title: Bayaning 3rd World Passage: Bayaning 3rd World () is a 1999 Philippine mockumentary film directed by Mike de Leon and written by De Leon and Clodualdo del Mundo Jr. It examines the heroism of Philippine national hero Jose Rizal, particularly on his supposed retraction of his writings against the Catholic Church in the Philippines during the Spanish colonization period in the country. Title: 2007 Freetown explosion Passage: The 2007 Freetown explosion was an explosion that occurred on Free Street in downtown Freetown, Sierra Leone which killed at least 18 people on 20 December 2007. Title: Aluspah Brewah Passage: Aluspah Brewah (born August 24, 1983 in Freetown, Sierra Leone) is an international football player. He is a striker for Hanoi F.C. in the Vietnamese Super League and also for the Sierra Leone national football team. Title: British colonization of the Americas Passage: The British colonization of the Americas (including colonization by both the English and the Scots) began in 1607 in Jamestown, Virginia, and reached its peak when colonies had been established throughout the Americas. The English, and later the British, were among the most important colonizers of the Americas, and their American empire came to rival the Spanish American colonies in military and economic might. Title: European colonization of the Americas Passage: European colonization began in 1492, when a Spanish expedition headed by the Genoese explorer Christopher Columbus sailed west to find a new trade route to the Far East but inadvertently landed in what came to be known to Europeans as the ``New World ''. Running aground on the northern part of Hispaniola on 5 December 1492, which the Taino people had inhabited since the 7th century, the site became the first European settlement in the Americas. European conquest, large - scale exploration and colonization soon followed. Columbus's first two voyages (1492 -- 93) reached the Bahamas and various Caribbean islands, including Hispaniola, Puerto Rico and Cuba. In 1498, sailing from Bristol on behalf of England, John Cabot landed on the North American coast, and a year later, Columbus's third voyage reached the South American coast. As the sponsor of Christopher Columbus's voyages, Spain was the first European power to settle and colonize the largest areas, from North America and the Caribbean to the southern tip of South America. Title: Muwahid Sesay Passage: Muwahid Sesay (born June 15, 1984 in Freetown) is a Sierra Leonean international footballer who plays as a striker for Ports Authority F.C. in the Sierra Leone National Premier League. Title: Fly 6ix Passage: Fly 6ix is a former passenger airline with its head office in Freetown, Sierra Leone, operating out of Lungi International Airport. Title: European colonization of the Americas Passage: Systematic European colonization began in 1492, when a Spanish expedition headed by the Genoese explorer Christopher Columbus sailed west to find a new trade route to the Far East but inadvertently landed in what came to be known to Europeans as the ``New World ''. Running aground on the northern part of Hispaniola on 5 December 1492, which the Taino people had inhabited since the 7th century, the site became the first European settlement in the Americas apart from a small Norse attempt in Newfoundland centuries before. European conquest, large - scale exploration and colonization soon followed. Columbus's first two voyages (1492 -- 93) reached the Bahamas and various Caribbean islands, including Hispaniola, Puerto Rico and Cuba. In 1498, John Cabot, on behalf of England, landed on the North American coast, and a year later, Columbus's third voyage reached the South American coast. As the sponsor of Christopher Columbus's voyages, Spain was the first European power to settle and colonize the largest areas, from North America and the Caribbean to the southern tip of South America. Title: 2017 Sierra Leone mudslides Passage: Early in the morning on August 14, 2017, after three days of torrential rainfall, devastating floods and mudslides occurred in and around Sierra Leone's capital city, Freetown. Title: Decolonisation of Africa Passage: On May 6, 1957, Ghana (formerly Gold Coast) became the first sub-Saharan African country to gain its independence from European colonization in the twentieth century. Title: Portuguese colonization of the Americas Passage: Portugal was the leading country in the European exploration of the world in the 15th century. The Treaty of Tordesillas in 1494 divided the Earth outside Europe into Castilian and Portuguese global territorial hemispheres for exclusive conquest and colonization. Portugal colonized parts of South America (mostly Brazil), but also made some unsuccessful attempts to colonize North America in present - day Canada.	[ "British Empire", "Freetown, Bahamas" ]
2hop__3240_2998	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "As federal judge Alex Kozinski has pointed out, binding precedent as we know it today simply did not exist at the time the Constitution was framed. Judicial decisions were not consistently, accurately, and faithfully reported on both sides of the Atlantic (reporters often simply rewrote or failed to publish decisions which they disliked), and the United Kingdom lacked a coherent court hierarchy prior to the end of the 19th century. Furthermore, English judges in the eighteenth century subscribed to now-obsolete natural law theories of law, by which law was believed to have an existence independent of what individual judges said. Judges saw themselves as merely declaring the law which had always theoretically existed, and not as making the law. Therefore, a judge could reject another judge's opinion as simply an incorrect statement of the law, in the way that scientists regularly reject each other's conclusions as incorrect statements of the laws of science.", "title": "Law of the United States" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The original judging panel consisted of David Hasselhoff, Brandy Norwood, and Piers Morgan. Sharon Osbourne replaced Norwood in season two (2007), and Howie Mandel replaced Hasselhoff in season five (2010). Howard Stern replaced Morgan in season seven (2012). Mel B replaced Osbourne in season eight (2013), while Heidi Klum joined as a fourth judge. Simon Cowell replaced Stern in season eleven (2016). Regis Philbin was the original host (season one), followed by Jerry Springer for two seasons (2007 -- 2008), followed by Nick Cannon for eight seasons (2009 -- 2016). Supermodel and host Tyra Banks replaced Cannon for the twelfth season (2017).", "title": "America's Got Talent" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The show had originally planned on having four judges following the Pop Idol format; however, only three judges had been found by the time of the audition round in the first season, namely Randy Jackson, Paula Abdul and Simon Cowell. A fourth judge, radio DJ Stryker, was originally chosen but he dropped out citing \"image concerns\". In the second season, New York radio personality Angie Martinez had been hired as a fourth judge but withdrew only after a few days of auditions due to not being comfortable with giving out criticism. The show decided to continue with the three judges format until season eight. All three original judges stayed on the judging panel for eight seasons.", "title": "American Idol" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Towards the end of the season, Randy Jackson, the last remaining of the original judges, announced that he would no longer serve as a judge to pursue other business ventures. Both judges Mariah Carey and Nicki Minaj also decided to leave after one season to focus on their music careers.", "title": "American Idol" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Beavis and Butt - Head is an American animated sitcom created and designed by Mike Judge. The series originated from Frog Baseball, a 1992 short film by Judge originally aired on Liquid Television. After seeing the short, MTV signed Judge to develop the concept. The series first ran from March 8, 1993, to November 28, 1997. The series was later renewed for an eighth season, which aired from October 27 to December 29, 2011. In 1996, the series was adapted into the animated feature film Beavis and Butt - Head Do America.", "title": "Beavis and Butt-Head" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The thirteenth season premiered on January 15, 2014, with Ryan Seacrest returning as host. Randy Jackson and Keith Urban returned, though Jackson moved from the judging panel to the role of in-mentor. Mariah Carey and Nicki Minaj left the panel after one season. Former judge Jennifer Lopez and former mentor Harry Connick, Jr. joined Urban on the panel. Also, Nigel Lythgoe and Ken Warwick were replaced as executive producers by Per Blankens, Jesse Ignjatovic and Evan Pragger. Bill DeRonde replaced Warwick as a director of the audition episodes, while Louis J. Horvitz replaced Gregg Gelfand as a director of the show.", "title": "American Idol" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Voice of Germany (season 4) is a German reality talent show that premiered on 9 October 2014 on ProSieben and Sat.1. Based on the reality singing competition \"The Voice of Holland\", the series was created by Dutch television producer John de Mol. It is part of an international series. Only one judge from season 3, Samu Haber, singer of the Finnish pop-rock band Sunrise Avenue was retained for season 4. The other three judges of season 3, Nena, The BossHoss and Max Herre were replaced. Nena and The BossHoss had served for the program's all three previous seasons and Herre had been a new judge in season 3. They were replaced by the returning judge, the Irish singer-songwriter, guitarist Rea Garvey, a judge for seasons 1 and 2 coming back after a hiatus of a year. Stefanie Kloß lead singer of the band Silbermond resided for the first time in the series. So did the two collaborating judges sitting together, the German artists Michi Beck and Smudo both part of German hip hop group Die Fantastischen Vier. The season was won by Charley Ann Schmutzler.", "title": "The Voice of Germany (season 4)" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Season nine premiered on January 12, 2010. The upheaval at the judging panel continued. Ellen DeGeneres joined as a judge to replace Paula Abdul at the start of Hollywood Week.", "title": "American Idol" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Savage Amusement is an original novel written by David Bishop and based on the long-running British science fiction comic strip \"Judge Dredd\". At the time of publication (1993) Bishop was editor of the \"Judge Dredd Megazine\".", "title": "The Savage Amusement" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Season six of America's Got Talent, a reality television series, premiered on May 31, 2011, on NBC. The show was hosted by Nick Cannon, while Piers Morgan, Sharon Osbourne and Howie Mandel returned as judges. On September 14, 2011, Landau Eugene Murphy, Jr. was announced as the winner of season six. This season was the last with Morgan as a judge, as he did not return for season 7, where Howard Stern replaced him.", "title": "America's Got Talent (season 6)" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The wildcard round returned in season eight, wherein there were three groups of twelve, with three contestants moving forward – the highest male, the highest female, and the next highest-placed singer - for each night, and four wildcards were chosen by the judges to produce a final 13. Starting season ten, the girls and boys perform on separate nights. In seasons ten and eleven, five of each gender were chosen, and three wildcards were chosen by the judges to form a final 13. In season twelve, the top twenty semifinalists were split into gender groups, with five of each gender advancing to form the final 10. In season thirteen, there were thirty semifinalists, but only twenty semifinalists (ten for each gender) were chosen by the judges to perform on the live shows, with five in each gender and three wildcards chosen by the judges composing the final 13.", "title": "American Idol" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Talang 2011 was the fifth season of the talent show \"Talang\", the Swedish version of Got Talent. Both Bert Karlsson and Charlotte Perrelli returned as judges while Henrik Fexeus became the new third judge. The season featured eleven episodes and started broadcasting on 1 April 2011, with the final held on 10 June 2011. The season was won by speedcuber Simon Westlund. After the 2011 season, TV4 put the show on indefinite hiatus, until TV3 announced in June 2013 that they had acquired the rights for the show and will re-launch the show in Spring 2014 under the name \"Talang Sverige\".", "title": "Talang 2011" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Psykogeddon is an original novel written by Dave Stone and based on the long-running British science fiction comic strip \"Judge Dredd\". It is Stone's fourth \"Judge Dredd\" novel, and the third to also feature his character Judge Steel from the spin-off comic series \"Armitage\" in the \"Judge Dredd Megazine\".", "title": "Psykogeddon" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The eighth season of American Idol premiered on January 13, 2009, and concluded on May 20, 2009. Judges Simon Cowell, Paula Abdul, and Randy Jackson continued to judge the show's contestants, along with Ryan Seacrest as host. The season introduced Kara DioGuardi as the fourth judge on the Idol panel. It was also Abdul's final season as a judge. Kris Allen, a native of Conway, Arkansas, was announced the winner of the competition on May 20, 2009, defeating runner - up Adam Lambert after nearly 100 million votes. This was the second season where both of the final two contestants had been in the bottom three or two at least once before the finale, with the first being season three.", "title": "American Idol (season 8)" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Guest judges may occasionally be introduced. In season two, guest judges such as Lionel Richie and Robin Gibb were used, and in season three Donna Summer, Quentin Tarantino and some of the mentors also joined as judges to critique the performances in the final rounds. Guest judges were used in the audition rounds for seasons four, six, nine, and fourteen such as Gene Simmons and LL Cool J in season four, Jewel and Olivia Newton-John in season six, Shania Twain in season eight, Neil Patrick Harris, Avril Lavigne and Katy Perry in season nine, and season eight runner-up, Adam Lambert, in season fourteen.", "title": "American Idol" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "In season eight, Latin Grammy Award-nominated singer–songwriter and record producer Kara DioGuardi was added as a fourth judge. She stayed for two seasons and left the show before season ten. Paula Abdul left the show before season nine after failing to agree terms with the show producers. Emmy Award-winning talk show host Ellen DeGeneres replaced Paula Abdul for that season, but left after just one season. On January 11, 2010, Simon Cowell announced that he was leaving the show to pursue introducing the American version of his show The X Factor to the USA for 2011. Jennifer Lopez and Steven Tyler joined the judging panel in season ten, but both left after two seasons. They were replaced by three new judges, Mariah Carey, Nicki Minaj and Keith Urban, who joined Randy Jackson in season 12. However both Carey and Minaj left after one season, and Randy Jackson also announced that he would depart the show after twelve seasons as a judge but would return as a mentor. Urban is the only judge from season 12 to return in season 13. He was joined by previous judge Jennifer Lopez and former mentor Harry Connick, Jr.. Lopez, Urban and Connick, Jr. all returned as judges for the show's fourteenth and fifteenth seasons.", "title": "American Idol" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Beavis and Butt - Head Genre Animated sitcom Satire Created by Mike Judge Directed by Mike Judge Yvette Kaplan Voices of Mike Judge Tracy Grandstaff Kristofor Brown Theme music composer Mike Judge Country of origin United States Original language (s) English No. of seasons 8 No. of episodes 222 (list of episodes) Production Executive producer (s) Mike Judge Abby Terkuhle Producer (s) Michael Blakey (musician) Susie Lewis (co-producer) John Andrews Kristofor Brown (co-producer) Rhonda Cox Marie Poe (animation producer) Robert Parigi (associate producer) Yaniv Fituci (story producer) Nick Litwinko (associate producer / co-producer) John Lynn (co-producer) Dave Relly (associate producer) Running time 5 -- 11 minutes (Regular) 12 -- 21 minutes (Special) Production company (s) J.J. Sedelmaier Productions, Inc. (Season 1) Tenth Annual Industries (Season 2 -- 7) Ternion Pictures (Season 8) MTV Animation (Seasons 1 -- 8) Inbred Jed's Homemade Cartoons (Pilot only) Film Roman (Season 8) Judgemental Films MTV Production Development Distributor Spike and Mike's Festival of Animation (Pilot only) MTV Networks Release Original network MTV Picture format 4: 3 SDTV (1993 -- 97) 1080i (4: 3 HDTV) (2011) Audio format Stereo (1993 -- 95) Dolby Surround (1995 -- 97) Dolby Digital 5.1 (2011) Original release Original series: March 8, 1993 (1993 - 03 - 08) -- November 28, 1997 (1997 - 11 - 28) Revival: October 27 -- December 29, 2011 (2011 - 12 - 29) Chronology Preceded by Liquid Television Followed by Daria External links Website", "title": "Beavis and Butt-Head" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Dunkin 'Donuts replaced Snapple as sponsor of the show after three seasons. Four guest judges were invited to judge during the judge's cuts round: actor Neil Patrick Harris, singer Michael Bublé, actor Marlon Wayans and former judge Piers Morgan. This was the first season to have an all - male finale and the first where at least four magicians competed in the finals. Ventriloquist Paul Zerdin was voted the winner for the season on September 16, 2015. Comedian Drew Lynch was the runner - up, and magician Oz Pearlman came in at third place. Piff the Magic Dragon was named the most memorable act this season, or the fan favorite.", "title": "America's Got Talent (season 10)" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The eighth season of American Idol premiered on January 13, 2009, and concluded on May 20, 2009. Judges Simon Cowell, Paula Abdul, and Randy Jackson continued to judge the show's contestants, along with Ryan Seacrest as host. The season introduced Kara DioGuardi as the fourth judge on the Idol panel. It was also Abdul's final season as a judge. Kris Allen, a native of Conway, Arkansas, was announced the winner of the competition on May 20, 2009, defeating runner - up Adam Lambert after nearly 100 million votes. Kris Allen is the only married winner of the competition at the time of his victory. This was the second season where both of the final two contestants had been in the bottom three or two at least once before the finale, with the first being season three.", "title": "American Idol (season 8)" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Arthur Douglas Hay (1884–1952) was an American attorney and judge in Oregon. He was the 62nd Associate Justice of the Oregon Supreme Court, serving from 1942 to 1952. Prior to his appointment to the state's highest court, Hay served as a state circuit court judge.", "title": "Arthur D. Hay" } ]	When did the original judge who left prior to the start of the season quit as a judge?	before season nine	[]	Title: Talang 2011 Passage: Talang 2011 was the fifth season of the talent show "Talang", the Swedish version of Got Talent. Both Bert Karlsson and Charlotte Perrelli returned as judges while Henrik Fexeus became the new third judge. The season featured eleven episodes and started broadcasting on 1 April 2011, with the final held on 10 June 2011. The season was won by speedcuber Simon Westlund. After the 2011 season, TV4 put the show on indefinite hiatus, until TV3 announced in June 2013 that they had acquired the rights for the show and will re-launch the show in Spring 2014 under the name "Talang Sverige". Title: Arthur D. Hay Passage: Arthur Douglas Hay (1884–1952) was an American attorney and judge in Oregon. He was the 62nd Associate Justice of the Oregon Supreme Court, serving from 1942 to 1952. Prior to his appointment to the state's highest court, Hay served as a state circuit court judge. Title: American Idol Passage: Guest judges may occasionally be introduced. In season two, guest judges such as Lionel Richie and Robin Gibb were used, and in season three Donna Summer, Quentin Tarantino and some of the mentors also joined as judges to critique the performances in the final rounds. Guest judges were used in the audition rounds for seasons four, six, nine, and fourteen such as Gene Simmons and LL Cool J in season four, Jewel and Olivia Newton-John in season six, Shania Twain in season eight, Neil Patrick Harris, Avril Lavigne and Katy Perry in season nine, and season eight runner-up, Adam Lambert, in season fourteen. Title: The Voice of Germany (season 4) Passage: The Voice of Germany (season 4) is a German reality talent show that premiered on 9 October 2014 on ProSieben and Sat.1. Based on the reality singing competition "The Voice of Holland", the series was created by Dutch television producer John de Mol. It is part of an international series. Only one judge from season 3, Samu Haber, singer of the Finnish pop-rock band Sunrise Avenue was retained for season 4. The other three judges of season 3, Nena, The BossHoss and Max Herre were replaced. Nena and The BossHoss had served for the program's all three previous seasons and Herre had been a new judge in season 3. They were replaced by the returning judge, the Irish singer-songwriter, guitarist Rea Garvey, a judge for seasons 1 and 2 coming back after a hiatus of a year. Stefanie Kloß lead singer of the band Silbermond resided for the first time in the series. So did the two collaborating judges sitting together, the German artists Michi Beck and Smudo both part of German hip hop group Die Fantastischen Vier. The season was won by Charley Ann Schmutzler. Title: American Idol Passage: The wildcard round returned in season eight, wherein there were three groups of twelve, with three contestants moving forward – the highest male, the highest female, and the next highest-placed singer - for each night, and four wildcards were chosen by the judges to produce a final 13. Starting season ten, the girls and boys perform on separate nights. In seasons ten and eleven, five of each gender were chosen, and three wildcards were chosen by the judges to form a final 13. In season twelve, the top twenty semifinalists were split into gender groups, with five of each gender advancing to form the final 10. In season thirteen, there were thirty semifinalists, but only twenty semifinalists (ten for each gender) were chosen by the judges to perform on the live shows, with five in each gender and three wildcards chosen by the judges composing the final 13. Title: America's Got Talent Passage: The original judging panel consisted of David Hasselhoff, Brandy Norwood, and Piers Morgan. Sharon Osbourne replaced Norwood in season two (2007), and Howie Mandel replaced Hasselhoff in season five (2010). Howard Stern replaced Morgan in season seven (2012). Mel B replaced Osbourne in season eight (2013), while Heidi Klum joined as a fourth judge. Simon Cowell replaced Stern in season eleven (2016). Regis Philbin was the original host (season one), followed by Jerry Springer for two seasons (2007 -- 2008), followed by Nick Cannon for eight seasons (2009 -- 2016). Supermodel and host Tyra Banks replaced Cannon for the twelfth season (2017). Title: American Idol Passage: The show had originally planned on having four judges following the Pop Idol format; however, only three judges had been found by the time of the audition round in the first season, namely Randy Jackson, Paula Abdul and Simon Cowell. A fourth judge, radio DJ Stryker, was originally chosen but he dropped out citing "image concerns". In the second season, New York radio personality Angie Martinez had been hired as a fourth judge but withdrew only after a few days of auditions due to not being comfortable with giving out criticism. The show decided to continue with the three judges format until season eight. All three original judges stayed on the judging panel for eight seasons. Title: Beavis and Butt-Head Passage: Beavis and Butt - Head is an American animated sitcom created and designed by Mike Judge. The series originated from Frog Baseball, a 1992 short film by Judge originally aired on Liquid Television. After seeing the short, MTV signed Judge to develop the concept. The series first ran from March 8, 1993, to November 28, 1997. The series was later renewed for an eighth season, which aired from October 27 to December 29, 2011. In 1996, the series was adapted into the animated feature film Beavis and Butt - Head Do America. Title: America's Got Talent (season 10) Passage: Dunkin 'Donuts replaced Snapple as sponsor of the show after three seasons. Four guest judges were invited to judge during the judge's cuts round: actor Neil Patrick Harris, singer Michael Bublé, actor Marlon Wayans and former judge Piers Morgan. This was the first season to have an all - male finale and the first where at least four magicians competed in the finals. Ventriloquist Paul Zerdin was voted the winner for the season on September 16, 2015. Comedian Drew Lynch was the runner - up, and magician Oz Pearlman came in at third place. Piff the Magic Dragon was named the most memorable act this season, or the fan favorite. Title: Beavis and Butt-Head Passage: Beavis and Butt - Head Genre Animated sitcom Satire Created by Mike Judge Directed by Mike Judge Yvette Kaplan Voices of Mike Judge Tracy Grandstaff Kristofor Brown Theme music composer Mike Judge Country of origin United States Original language (s) English No. of seasons 8 No. of episodes 222 (list of episodes) Production Executive producer (s) Mike Judge Abby Terkuhle Producer (s) Michael Blakey (musician) Susie Lewis (co-producer) John Andrews Kristofor Brown (co-producer) Rhonda Cox Marie Poe (animation producer) Robert Parigi (associate producer) Yaniv Fituci (story producer) Nick Litwinko (associate producer / co-producer) John Lynn (co-producer) Dave Relly (associate producer) Running time 5 -- 11 minutes (Regular) 12 -- 21 minutes (Special) Production company (s) J.J. Sedelmaier Productions, Inc. (Season 1) Tenth Annual Industries (Season 2 -- 7) Ternion Pictures (Season 8) MTV Animation (Seasons 1 -- 8) Inbred Jed's Homemade Cartoons (Pilot only) Film Roman (Season 8) Judgemental Films MTV Production Development Distributor Spike and Mike's Festival of Animation (Pilot only) MTV Networks Release Original network MTV Picture format 4: 3 SDTV (1993 -- 97) 1080i (4: 3 HDTV) (2011) Audio format Stereo (1993 -- 95) Dolby Surround (1995 -- 97) Dolby Digital 5.1 (2011) Original release Original series: March 8, 1993 (1993 - 03 - 08) -- November 28, 1997 (1997 - 11 - 28) Revival: October 27 -- December 29, 2011 (2011 - 12 - 29) Chronology Preceded by Liquid Television Followed by Daria External links Website Title: America's Got Talent (season 6) Passage: Season six of America's Got Talent, a reality television series, premiered on May 31, 2011, on NBC. The show was hosted by Nick Cannon, while Piers Morgan, Sharon Osbourne and Howie Mandel returned as judges. On September 14, 2011, Landau Eugene Murphy, Jr. was announced as the winner of season six. This season was the last with Morgan as a judge, as he did not return for season 7, where Howard Stern replaced him. Title: American Idol Passage: The thirteenth season premiered on January 15, 2014, with Ryan Seacrest returning as host. Randy Jackson and Keith Urban returned, though Jackson moved from the judging panel to the role of in-mentor. Mariah Carey and Nicki Minaj left the panel after one season. Former judge Jennifer Lopez and former mentor Harry Connick, Jr. joined Urban on the panel. Also, Nigel Lythgoe and Ken Warwick were replaced as executive producers by Per Blankens, Jesse Ignjatovic and Evan Pragger. Bill DeRonde replaced Warwick as a director of the audition episodes, while Louis J. Horvitz replaced Gregg Gelfand as a director of the show. Title: American Idol Passage: Towards the end of the season, Randy Jackson, the last remaining of the original judges, announced that he would no longer serve as a judge to pursue other business ventures. Both judges Mariah Carey and Nicki Minaj also decided to leave after one season to focus on their music careers. Title: The Savage Amusement Passage: The Savage Amusement is an original novel written by David Bishop and based on the long-running British science fiction comic strip "Judge Dredd". At the time of publication (1993) Bishop was editor of the "Judge Dredd Megazine". Title: American Idol Passage: In season eight, Latin Grammy Award-nominated singer–songwriter and record producer Kara DioGuardi was added as a fourth judge. She stayed for two seasons and left the show before season ten. Paula Abdul left the show before season nine after failing to agree terms with the show producers. Emmy Award-winning talk show host Ellen DeGeneres replaced Paula Abdul for that season, but left after just one season. On January 11, 2010, Simon Cowell announced that he was leaving the show to pursue introducing the American version of his show The X Factor to the USA for 2011. Jennifer Lopez and Steven Tyler joined the judging panel in season ten, but both left after two seasons. They were replaced by three new judges, Mariah Carey, Nicki Minaj and Keith Urban, who joined Randy Jackson in season 12. However both Carey and Minaj left after one season, and Randy Jackson also announced that he would depart the show after twelve seasons as a judge but would return as a mentor. Urban is the only judge from season 12 to return in season 13. He was joined by previous judge Jennifer Lopez and former mentor Harry Connick, Jr.. Lopez, Urban and Connick, Jr. all returned as judges for the show's fourteenth and fifteenth seasons. Title: American Idol (season 8) Passage: The eighth season of American Idol premiered on January 13, 2009, and concluded on May 20, 2009. Judges Simon Cowell, Paula Abdul, and Randy Jackson continued to judge the show's contestants, along with Ryan Seacrest as host. The season introduced Kara DioGuardi as the fourth judge on the Idol panel. It was also Abdul's final season as a judge. Kris Allen, a native of Conway, Arkansas, was announced the winner of the competition on May 20, 2009, defeating runner - up Adam Lambert after nearly 100 million votes. Kris Allen is the only married winner of the competition at the time of his victory. This was the second season where both of the final two contestants had been in the bottom three or two at least once before the finale, with the first being season three. Title: Psykogeddon Passage: Psykogeddon is an original novel written by Dave Stone and based on the long-running British science fiction comic strip "Judge Dredd". It is Stone's fourth "Judge Dredd" novel, and the third to also feature his character Judge Steel from the spin-off comic series "Armitage" in the "Judge Dredd Megazine". Title: American Idol (season 8) Passage: The eighth season of American Idol premiered on January 13, 2009, and concluded on May 20, 2009. Judges Simon Cowell, Paula Abdul, and Randy Jackson continued to judge the show's contestants, along with Ryan Seacrest as host. The season introduced Kara DioGuardi as the fourth judge on the Idol panel. It was also Abdul's final season as a judge. Kris Allen, a native of Conway, Arkansas, was announced the winner of the competition on May 20, 2009, defeating runner - up Adam Lambert after nearly 100 million votes. This was the second season where both of the final two contestants had been in the bottom three or two at least once before the finale, with the first being season three. Title: Law of the United States Passage: As federal judge Alex Kozinski has pointed out, binding precedent as we know it today simply did not exist at the time the Constitution was framed. Judicial decisions were not consistently, accurately, and faithfully reported on both sides of the Atlantic (reporters often simply rewrote or failed to publish decisions which they disliked), and the United Kingdom lacked a coherent court hierarchy prior to the end of the 19th century. Furthermore, English judges in the eighteenth century subscribed to now-obsolete natural law theories of law, by which law was believed to have an existence independent of what individual judges said. Judges saw themselves as merely declaring the law which had always theoretically existed, and not as making the law. Therefore, a judge could reject another judge's opinion as simply an incorrect statement of the law, in the way that scientists regularly reject each other's conclusions as incorrect statements of the laws of science. Title: American Idol Passage: Season nine premiered on January 12, 2010. The upheaval at the judging panel continued. Ellen DeGeneres joined as a judge to replace Paula Abdul at the start of Hollywood Week.	[ "American Idol", "American Idol" ]
2hop__136827_44760	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Cruise of the Dazzler is an early novel by Jack London, set in his home city of San Francisco. It is considered a boy's adventure novel.", "title": "The Cruise of the Dazzler" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The climate in Southeast Asia is mainly tropical–hot and humid all year round with plentiful rainfall. Northern Vietnam and the Myanmar Himalayas are the only regions in Southeast Asia that feature a subtropical climate, which has a cold winter with snow. The majority of Southeast Asia has a wet and dry season caused by seasonal shift in winds or monsoon. The tropical rain belt causes additional rainfall during the monsoon season. The rain forest is the second largest on earth (with the Amazon being the largest). An exception to this type of climate and vegetation is the mountain areas in the northern region, where high altitudes lead to milder temperatures and drier landscape. Other parts fall out of this climate because they are desert like.", "title": "Southeast Asia" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Mexican Riviera refers collectively to twenty cities and lagoons lying on the western coast of Mexico. Although there are long distances between these cities, they are often collectively referred to as the \"Mexican Riviera\" because of their many oceanfront resorts and their popularity among tourists. Cruise ships often visit three or four of these destinations on their longer cruises. In a 2005 interview Stanley McDonald, the founder of Princess Cruises, mentioned:", "title": "Mexican Riviera" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Kathryn Hahn as Ericka Van Helsing: The captain and cruise director of the cruise ship Legacy. She is secretly continuing her great - grandfather's wishes in eliminating monsters and is Dracula's love interest.", "title": "Hotel Transylvania 3: Summer Vacation" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "New Haven lies in the transition between a humid continental climate (Köppen climate classification: Dfa) and humid subtropical climate (Köppen Cfa), but having more characteristics of the former, as is typical of much of the New York metropolitan area. Summers are humid and warm, with temperatures exceeding 90 °F (32 °C) on 7–8 days per year. Winters are cold with moderate snowfall interspersed with rainfall and occasionally mixed precipitation. The weather patterns that affect New Haven result from a primarily offshore direction, thus reducing the marine influence of Long Island Sound—although, like other marine areas, differences in temperature between areas right along the coastline and areas a mile or two inland can be large at times.", "title": "New Haven, Connecticut" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Bobby Dazzler is an Australian television sitcom produced by Crawford Productions, starring pop singer John Farnham as the title character: up and coming pop music star Bobby Farrell. The other regular cast members were Maurie Fields as Bobby's father Fred, an old vaudeville performer; and Olivia Hamnett as Bobby's officious manager Della McDermott. It was aired on the Seven Network during the summer of 1977-78.", "title": "Bobby Dazzler" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "MSC Cruises is a global cruise line that was founded in Italy, is registered in Switzerland, and has its headquarters in Geneva. MSC Cruises is the world's largest privately owned cruise company, employing 16,300 people worldwide and having offices in 45 countries as of July 2014. MSC Cruises (Italian: MSC Crociere S. p.A.) is part of the Mediterranean Shipping Company S.A. (MSC), the world's second biggest container shipping operator.", "title": "MSC Cruises" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "San Francisco has a warm - summer Mediterranean climate (Köppen Csb) characteristic of California's coast, with moist mild winters and dry summers. San Francisco's weather is strongly influenced by the cool currents of the Pacific Ocean on the west side of the city, and the water of San Francisco Bay to the north and east. This moderates temperature swings and produces a remarkably mild year - round climate with little seasonal temperature variation.", "title": "San Francisco" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "A Mediterranean climate / ˌmɛdɪtəˈreɪniən / or dry summer climate, is the climate typical of areas in the Mediterranean Basin. The Mediterranean climate is usually characterized by rainy winters and dry, warm to hot summers. While the climate receives its name from the Mediterranean Sea, an area where this climate is commonplace, it is also present in other areas of the planet, although with variations in the distribution of temperatures. In addition to the Mediterranean Basin, the climate is also found in most of California in the United States, in parts of Western and South Australia, in southwestern South Africa, sections of Western and Central Asia, and in Central Chile.", "title": "Mediterranean climate" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Climate of Los Angeles is a year - round mild - to - hot and mostly dry climate for the Los Angeles metropolitan area in California. The climate is classified as a Mediterranean climate, which is a type of dry subtropical climate. It is characterized by seasonal changes in rainfall -- with a dry summer and a winter rainy season -- but relatively modest transitions in temperature. Under the modified Köppen climate classification, the coastal areas are classified as Csb, and the inland areas as Csa.", "title": "Climate of Los Angeles" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Italy has a variety of climate systems. The inland northern areas of Italy (for example Turin, Milan, and Bologna) have a relatively cool, mid-latitude version of the Humid subtropical climate (Köppen climate classification Cfa), while the coastal areas of Liguria and the peninsula south of Florence generally fit the Mediterranean climate profile (Köppen climate classification Csa).", "title": "Climate of Italy" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Ted Arison (; 24 February 1924 – 1 October 1999) was an Israeli businessman who co-founded Norwegian Cruise Lines in 1966 with Knut Kloster and soon left to form Carnival Cruise Lines in 1972.", "title": "Ted Arison" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Avalon Waterways is a river cruise company owned by the Globus family of brands and offers cruises in Europe, China, Southeast Asia, the United States, South America and the Galápagos Islands. The company became a member of Cruise Lines International Association (CLIA) in August 2009.", "title": "Avalon Waterways" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Taejongdae is a natural park of Busan, South Korea with magnificent cliffs facing the open sea on the southernmost tip of island of Yeongdo-gu. It is a representative visitor attraction of Busan where has dense evergreen trees and several facilities for tourists such as an observatory, an amusement park, a light house, a cruise ship terminal. It is said that its name to have taken from King Taejong Muyeol (604 - 661), the 29th king of Silla Kingdom who liked to practice archery the place after the unification of the Three Kingdoms of Korea. Taejongdae is designated as the 28 Busan monument, along with Oryukdo Island.", "title": "Taejongdae" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Los Carneros AVA (also known as Carneros AVA) is an American Viticultural Area which includes parts of both Sonoma and Napa counties in California, U.S.A.. It is located north of San Pablo Bay. The proximity to the cool fog and breezes from the bay makes the climate in Los Carneros cooler and more moderate than the wine regions farther north in Napa Valley and Sonoma Valley. The cooler climate has made Los Carneros attractive for the cultivation of cooler climate varietals like Pinot noir and Chardonnay. Many of the grapes grown in Los Carneros are used for sparkling wine production. Receiving its AVA status in 1983, the Carneros area was the first wine region in California to be defined by its climate characteristics rather than political boundaries.", "title": "Los Carneros AVA" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "American comic books have adopted the character type for stories of their own like the mutant-villain Silver Samurai of Marvel Comics. The design of this character preserves the samurai appearance; the villain is “Clad in traditional gleaming samurai armor and wielding an energy charged katana” (Buxton, 2013). Not only does the Silver Samurai make over 350 comic book appearances, the character is playable in several video games, such as Marvel Vs. Capcom 1 and 2. In 2013, the samurai villain was depicted in James Mangold’s film The Wolverine. Ten years before the Wolverine debuted, another film helped pave the way to ensure the samurai were made known to American cinema: A film released in 2003 titled The Last Samurai, starring Tom Cruise, is inspired by the samurai way of life. In the film, Cruise’s character finds himself deeply immersed in samurai culture. The character in the film, “Nathan Algren, is a fictional contrivance to make nineteenth-century Japanese history less foreign to American viewers”.(Ravina, 2010) After being captured by a group of samurai rebels, he becomes empathetic towards the cause they fight for. Taking place during the Meiji Period, Tom Cruise plays the role of US Army Captain Nathan Algren, who travels to Japan to train a rookie army in fighting off samurai rebel groups. Becoming a product of his environment, Algren joins the samurai clan in an attempt to rescue a captured samurai leader. “By the end of the film, he has clearly taken on many of the samurai traits, such as zen-like mastery of the sword, and a budding understanding of spirituality”. (Manion, 2006)", "title": "Samurai" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Downtown Miami is home to the largest concentration of international banks in the United States, and many large national and international companies. The Civic Center is a major center for hospitals, research institutes, medical centers, and biotechnology industries. For more than two decades, the Port of Miami, known as the \"Cruise Capital of the World\", has been the number one cruise passenger port in the world. It accommodates some of the world's largest cruise ships and operations, and is the busiest port in both passenger traffic and cruise lines.", "title": "Miami" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Once hay is cut, dried and raked into windrows, it is usually gathered into bales or bundles, then hauled to a central location for storage. In some places, depending on geography, region, climate, and culture, hay is gathered loose and stacked without being baled first.", "title": "Hay" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Norwegian Getaway is a cruise ship of the Norwegian Cruise Line. It was built by Meyer Werft in Papenburg, Germany, and was delivered to its owner on 10 January 2014. At the time of its christening it was the world's ninth-largest cruise ship with a passenger capacity of 3,969 and a crew of 1,640.", "title": "Norwegian Getaway" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The crew had originally intended to shoot in the mountains of Bulgaria, but after the country had endured one of its largest blizzards, they opted to return to South Africa. Filming took place in the Cape Town area which is where Tremors 5 was filmed. The opening scene was filmed in the desert made to look like snow with filters and video processing techniques. The nice weather was explained by climate change causing unusual warmth in the area. Having worked on the previous film series, the crew used CGI for many of the Graboid scenes.", "title": "Tremors: A Cold Day in Hell" } ]	What is the climate like in the setting of The Cruise of the Dazzler?	a warm - summer Mediterranean climate	[]	Title: Bobby Dazzler Passage: Bobby Dazzler is an Australian television sitcom produced by Crawford Productions, starring pop singer John Farnham as the title character: up and coming pop music star Bobby Farrell. The other regular cast members were Maurie Fields as Bobby's father Fred, an old vaudeville performer; and Olivia Hamnett as Bobby's officious manager Della McDermott. It was aired on the Seven Network during the summer of 1977-78. Title: Southeast Asia Passage: The climate in Southeast Asia is mainly tropical–hot and humid all year round with plentiful rainfall. Northern Vietnam and the Myanmar Himalayas are the only regions in Southeast Asia that feature a subtropical climate, which has a cold winter with snow. The majority of Southeast Asia has a wet and dry season caused by seasonal shift in winds or monsoon. The tropical rain belt causes additional rainfall during the monsoon season. The rain forest is the second largest on earth (with the Amazon being the largest). An exception to this type of climate and vegetation is the mountain areas in the northern region, where high altitudes lead to milder temperatures and drier landscape. Other parts fall out of this climate because they are desert like. Title: Los Carneros AVA Passage: Los Carneros AVA (also known as Carneros AVA) is an American Viticultural Area which includes parts of both Sonoma and Napa counties in California, U.S.A.. It is located north of San Pablo Bay. The proximity to the cool fog and breezes from the bay makes the climate in Los Carneros cooler and more moderate than the wine regions farther north in Napa Valley and Sonoma Valley. The cooler climate has made Los Carneros attractive for the cultivation of cooler climate varietals like Pinot noir and Chardonnay. Many of the grapes grown in Los Carneros are used for sparkling wine production. Receiving its AVA status in 1983, the Carneros area was the first wine region in California to be defined by its climate characteristics rather than political boundaries. Title: Tremors: A Cold Day in Hell Passage: The crew had originally intended to shoot in the mountains of Bulgaria, but after the country had endured one of its largest blizzards, they opted to return to South Africa. Filming took place in the Cape Town area which is where Tremors 5 was filmed. The opening scene was filmed in the desert made to look like snow with filters and video processing techniques. The nice weather was explained by climate change causing unusual warmth in the area. Having worked on the previous film series, the crew used CGI for many of the Graboid scenes. Title: Mediterranean climate Passage: A Mediterranean climate / ˌmɛdɪtəˈreɪniən / or dry summer climate, is the climate typical of areas in the Mediterranean Basin. The Mediterranean climate is usually characterized by rainy winters and dry, warm to hot summers. While the climate receives its name from the Mediterranean Sea, an area where this climate is commonplace, it is also present in other areas of the planet, although with variations in the distribution of temperatures. In addition to the Mediterranean Basin, the climate is also found in most of California in the United States, in parts of Western and South Australia, in southwestern South Africa, sections of Western and Central Asia, and in Central Chile. Title: Climate of Los Angeles Passage: The Climate of Los Angeles is a year - round mild - to - hot and mostly dry climate for the Los Angeles metropolitan area in California. The climate is classified as a Mediterranean climate, which is a type of dry subtropical climate. It is characterized by seasonal changes in rainfall -- with a dry summer and a winter rainy season -- but relatively modest transitions in temperature. Under the modified Köppen climate classification, the coastal areas are classified as Csb, and the inland areas as Csa. Title: Samurai Passage: American comic books have adopted the character type for stories of their own like the mutant-villain Silver Samurai of Marvel Comics. The design of this character preserves the samurai appearance; the villain is “Clad in traditional gleaming samurai armor and wielding an energy charged katana” (Buxton, 2013). Not only does the Silver Samurai make over 350 comic book appearances, the character is playable in several video games, such as Marvel Vs. Capcom 1 and 2. In 2013, the samurai villain was depicted in James Mangold’s film The Wolverine. Ten years before the Wolverine debuted, another film helped pave the way to ensure the samurai were made known to American cinema: A film released in 2003 titled The Last Samurai, starring Tom Cruise, is inspired by the samurai way of life. In the film, Cruise’s character finds himself deeply immersed in samurai culture. The character in the film, “Nathan Algren, is a fictional contrivance to make nineteenth-century Japanese history less foreign to American viewers”.(Ravina, 2010) After being captured by a group of samurai rebels, he becomes empathetic towards the cause they fight for. Taking place during the Meiji Period, Tom Cruise plays the role of US Army Captain Nathan Algren, who travels to Japan to train a rookie army in fighting off samurai rebel groups. Becoming a product of his environment, Algren joins the samurai clan in an attempt to rescue a captured samurai leader. “By the end of the film, he has clearly taken on many of the samurai traits, such as zen-like mastery of the sword, and a budding understanding of spirituality”. (Manion, 2006) Title: Hay Passage: Once hay is cut, dried and raked into windrows, it is usually gathered into bales or bundles, then hauled to a central location for storage. In some places, depending on geography, region, climate, and culture, hay is gathered loose and stacked without being baled first. Title: Miami Passage: Downtown Miami is home to the largest concentration of international banks in the United States, and many large national and international companies. The Civic Center is a major center for hospitals, research institutes, medical centers, and biotechnology industries. For more than two decades, the Port of Miami, known as the "Cruise Capital of the World", has been the number one cruise passenger port in the world. It accommodates some of the world's largest cruise ships and operations, and is the busiest port in both passenger traffic and cruise lines. Title: Ted Arison Passage: Ted Arison (; 24 February 1924 – 1 October 1999) was an Israeli businessman who co-founded Norwegian Cruise Lines in 1966 with Knut Kloster and soon left to form Carnival Cruise Lines in 1972. Title: Norwegian Getaway Passage: Norwegian Getaway is a cruise ship of the Norwegian Cruise Line. It was built by Meyer Werft in Papenburg, Germany, and was delivered to its owner on 10 January 2014. At the time of its christening it was the world's ninth-largest cruise ship with a passenger capacity of 3,969 and a crew of 1,640. Title: New Haven, Connecticut Passage: New Haven lies in the transition between a humid continental climate (Köppen climate classification: Dfa) and humid subtropical climate (Köppen Cfa), but having more characteristics of the former, as is typical of much of the New York metropolitan area. Summers are humid and warm, with temperatures exceeding 90 °F (32 °C) on 7–8 days per year. Winters are cold with moderate snowfall interspersed with rainfall and occasionally mixed precipitation. The weather patterns that affect New Haven result from a primarily offshore direction, thus reducing the marine influence of Long Island Sound—although, like other marine areas, differences in temperature between areas right along the coastline and areas a mile or two inland can be large at times. Title: Hotel Transylvania 3: Summer Vacation Passage: Kathryn Hahn as Ericka Van Helsing: The captain and cruise director of the cruise ship Legacy. She is secretly continuing her great - grandfather's wishes in eliminating monsters and is Dracula's love interest. Title: MSC Cruises Passage: MSC Cruises is a global cruise line that was founded in Italy, is registered in Switzerland, and has its headquarters in Geneva. MSC Cruises is the world's largest privately owned cruise company, employing 16,300 people worldwide and having offices in 45 countries as of July 2014. MSC Cruises (Italian: MSC Crociere S. p.A.) is part of the Mediterranean Shipping Company S.A. (MSC), the world's second biggest container shipping operator. Title: The Cruise of the Dazzler Passage: The Cruise of the Dazzler is an early novel by Jack London, set in his home city of San Francisco. It is considered a boy's adventure novel. Title: San Francisco Passage: San Francisco has a warm - summer Mediterranean climate (Köppen Csb) characteristic of California's coast, with moist mild winters and dry summers. San Francisco's weather is strongly influenced by the cool currents of the Pacific Ocean on the west side of the city, and the water of San Francisco Bay to the north and east. This moderates temperature swings and produces a remarkably mild year - round climate with little seasonal temperature variation. Title: Taejongdae Passage: Taejongdae is a natural park of Busan, South Korea with magnificent cliffs facing the open sea on the southernmost tip of island of Yeongdo-gu. It is a representative visitor attraction of Busan where has dense evergreen trees and several facilities for tourists such as an observatory, an amusement park, a light house, a cruise ship terminal. It is said that its name to have taken from King Taejong Muyeol (604 - 661), the 29th king of Silla Kingdom who liked to practice archery the place after the unification of the Three Kingdoms of Korea. Taejongdae is designated as the 28 Busan monument, along with Oryukdo Island. Title: Avalon Waterways Passage: Avalon Waterways is a river cruise company owned by the Globus family of brands and offers cruises in Europe, China, Southeast Asia, the United States, South America and the Galápagos Islands. The company became a member of Cruise Lines International Association (CLIA) in August 2009. Title: Climate of Italy Passage: Italy has a variety of climate systems. The inland northern areas of Italy (for example Turin, Milan, and Bologna) have a relatively cool, mid-latitude version of the Humid subtropical climate (Köppen climate classification Cfa), while the coastal areas of Liguria and the peninsula south of Florence generally fit the Mediterranean climate profile (Köppen climate classification Csa). Title: Mexican Riviera Passage: The Mexican Riviera refers collectively to twenty cities and lagoons lying on the western coast of Mexico. Although there are long distances between these cities, they are often collectively referred to as the "Mexican Riviera" because of their many oceanfront resorts and their popularity among tourists. Cruise ships often visit three or four of these destinations on their longer cruises. In a 2005 interview Stanley McDonald, the founder of Princess Cruises, mentioned:	[ "The Cruise of the Dazzler", "San Francisco" ]
2hop__859182_14970	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Positioned asymmetrically around the South Pole and largely south of the Antarctic Circle, Antarctica is the southernmost continent and is surrounded by the Southern Ocean; alternatively, it may be considered to be surrounded by the southern Pacific, Atlantic, and Indian Oceans, or by the southern waters of the World Ocean. It covers more than 14,000,000 km2 (5,400,000 sq mi), making it the fifth-largest continent, about 1.3 times as large as Europe. The coastline measures 17,968 km (11,165 mi) and is mostly characterized by ice formations, as the following table shows:", "title": "Antarctica" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The 1,189 sq mi (3,080 km) park is roughly the size of the U.S. state of Rhode Island and contains thousands of lakes and ponds, 1,600 miles (2,600 km) of streams, 800 miles (1,300 km) of hiking trails, and 350 miles (560 km) of roads. Two federally designated Wild and Scenic Rivers, the Merced and the Tuolumne, begin within Yosemite's borders and flow westward through the Sierra foothills, into the Central Valley of California. On average, about 4 million people visit the park each year, with most visitor use concentrated in the seven - square - mile (18 km) area of Yosemite Valley.", "title": "Yosemite National Park" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Before the secession of Texas, Mexico comprised almost 1,700,000 sq mi (4,400,000 km), but by 1849 it was just under 800,000 square miles (2,100,000 km). Another 30,000 square miles (78,000 km) were sold to the U.S. in the Gadsden Purchase of 1853, so the total reduction of Mexican territory was more than 55%, or 900,000 square miles (2,300,000 km).", "title": "Mexican–American War" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Mullet River is a tributary of the Sheboygan River, 40 miles (64 km) long, in eastern Wisconsin in the United States. Via the Sheboygan, it is part of the watershed of Lake Michigan, draining an area of 88 square miles (228 km²) in a primarily agricultural area of the Eastern Ridges and Lowlands region of Wisconsin.", "title": "Mullet River" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "New York covers 54,555 square miles (141,300 km) and ranks as the 27th largest state by size. The highest elevation in New York is Mount Marcy in the Adirondacks, at 5,344 feet (1,629 meters) above sea level; while the state's lowest point is at sea level, on the Atlantic Ocean.", "title": "New York (state)" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "One acre equals 0.0015625 square miles, 4,840 square yards, 43,560 square feet or about 4,047 square metres (0.4047 hectares) (see below). While all modern variants of the acre contain 4,840 square yards, there are alternative definitions of a yard, so the exact size of an acre depends on which yard it is based. Originally, an acre was understood as a selion of land sized at forty perches (660 ft, or 1 furlong) long and four perches (66 ft) wide; this may have also been understood as an approximation of the amount of land a yoke of oxen could plough in one day. A square enclosing one acre is approximately 69.57 yards, or 208 feet 9 inches (63.61 metres) on a side. As a unit of measure, an acre has no prescribed shape; any area of 43,560 square feet is an acre.", "title": "Acre" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 1,070 square miles (2,800 km2), of which 1,067 square miles (2,760 km2) is land and 3.2 square miles (8.3 km2) (0.3%) is water.", "title": "Gonzales County, Texas" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Africa is the world's second - largest and second-most - populous continent (the first being Asia). At about 30.3 million km (11.7 million square miles) including adjacent islands, it covers 6% of Earth's total surface area and 20.4% of its total land area. With 1.2 billion people as of 2016, it accounts for about 16% of the world's human population. The continent is surrounded by the Mediterranean Sea to the north, both the Suez Canal and the Red Sea along the Sinai Peninsula to the northeast, the Indian Ocean to the southeast and the Atlantic Ocean to the west. The continent includes Madagascar and various archipelagos. It contains 54 fully recognised sovereign states (countries), nine territories and two de facto independent states with limited or no recognition.", "title": "Africa" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "North Dakota is in the U.S. region known as the Great Plains. The state shares the Red River of the North with Minnesota to the east. South Dakota is to the south, Montana is to the west, and the Canadian provinces of Saskatchewan and Manitoba are to the north. North Dakota is situated near the middle of North America with a stone marker in Rugby, North Dakota marking the ``Geographic Center of the North American Continent ''. With an area of 70,762 square miles (183,273 km), North Dakota is the 19th largest state.", "title": "North Dakota" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Several governments maintain permanent manned research stations on the continent. The number of people conducting and supporting scientific research and other work on the continent and its nearby islands varies from about 1,000 in winter to about 5,000 in the summer, giving it a population density between 70 and 350 inhabitants per million square kilometres (180 and 900 per million square miles) at these times. Many of the stations are staffed year-round, the winter-over personnel typically arriving from their home countries for a one-year assignment. An Orthodox church—Trinity Church, opened in 2004 at the Russian Bellingshausen Station—is manned year-round by one or two priests, who are similarly rotated every year.", "title": "Antarctica" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Sydney is a coastal basin with the Tasman Sea to the east, the Blue Mountains to the west, the Hawkesbury River to the north, and the Woronora Plateau to the south. The inner city measures 25 square kilometres (10 square miles), the Greater Sydney region covers 12,367 square kilometres (4,775 square miles), and the city's urban area is 1,687 square kilometres (651 square miles) in size.", "title": "Sydney" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 436 square miles (1,130 km2), of which 431 square miles (1,120 km2) is land and 5.0 square miles (13 km2) (1.2%) is water. It is the fifth-smallest county in Wisconsin by total area.", "title": "Washington County, Wisconsin" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Richmond is located at 37°32′N 77°28′W / 37.533°N 77.467°W / 37.533; -77.467 (37.538, −77.462). According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 62 square miles (160 km2), of which 60 square miles (160 km2) is land and 2.7 square miles (7.0 km2) of it (4.3%) is water. The city is located in the Piedmont region of Virginia, at the highest navigable point of the James River. The Piedmont region is characterized by relatively low, rolling hills, and lies between the low, sea level Tidewater region and the Blue Ridge Mountains. Significant bodies of water in the region include the James River, the Appomattox River, and the Chickahominy River.", "title": "Richmond, Virginia" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Gorki Ridge () is a ridge about long forming the east wall of Schussel Cirque in the Humboldt Mountains of Queen Maud Land, Antarctica. It was discovered and plotted from air photos by the Third German Antarctic Expedition, 1938-39, and mapped from air photos and surveys by the Sixth Norwegian Antarctic Expedition, 1956–60. It was remapped by the Soviet Antarctic Expedition, 1960–61, and named after Soviet author A.M. Gorki.", "title": "Gorki Ridge" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Oklahoma City Police Department, has a uniformed force of 1,169 officers and 300+ civilian employees. The Department has a central police station and five substations covering 2,500 police reporting districts that average 1/4 square mile in size.", "title": "Oklahoma City" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "As of the census of 2000, there are 84,084 people, 44,497 households, and 16,775 families in the city. The population density is 10,178.7 inhabitants per square mile (3,930.4/km²). There are 47,863 housing units at an average density of 5,794.0 per square mile (2,237.3/km²). The racial makeup of the city is 78.29% White, 7.25% Asian, 3.78% African American, 0.47% Native American, 0.10% Pacific Islander, 5.97% from other races, and 4.13% from two or more races. 13.44% of the population are Hispanic or Latino of any race. There are 44,497 households, out of which 15.8% have children under the age of 18, 27.5% are married couples living together, 7.5% have a female householder with no husband present, and 62.3% are non-families. 51.2% of all households are made up of individuals and 10.6% have someone living alone who is 65 years of age or older. The average household size is 1.83 and the average family size is 2.80.", "title": "Santa Monica, California" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "A continent is one of several very large landmasses on Earth. Generally identified by convention rather than any strict criteria, up to seven regions are commonly regarded as continents. Ordered from largest in size to smallest, they are: Asia, Africa, North America, South America, Antarctica, Europe, and Australia.", "title": "Continent" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Africa is the world's second largest and second most - populous continent (behind Asia in both categories). At about 30.3 million km (11.7 million square miles) including adjacent islands, it covers 6% of Earth's total surface area and 20% of its land area. With 1.2 billion people as of 2016, it accounts for about 16% of the world's human population. The continent is surrounded by the Mediterranean Sea to the north, the Isthmus of Suez and the Red Sea to the northeast, the Indian Ocean to the southeast and the Atlantic Ocean to the west. The continent includes Madagascar and various archipelagos. It contains 54 fully recognised sovereign states (countries), nine territories and two de facto independent states with limited or no recognition. The majority of the continent and its countries are in the Northern Hemisphere, with a substantial portion and number of countries in the Southern Hemisphere.", "title": "Africa" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "This is a list of the 565 municipalities in the U.S. state of New Jersey, ordered by population. There are five types of municipality in the state -- boroughs (250), cities (52), towns (15), townships (245), and villages (4). New Jersey, the fourth - smallest state, covers 8,722 square miles (22,590 km), meaning the average land size of a municipality in the state is about 15 square miles (39 km) -- but note the wide range of actual sizes in the map at right.", "title": "List of municipalities in New Jersey" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The men's large hill individual ski jumping competition for the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi, Russia, was held on 14–15 February 2014 at RusSki Gorki Jumping Center in the Esto-Sadok village on the northern slope of Aibga Ridge in Krasnaya Polyana.", "title": "Ski jumping at the 2014 Winter Olympics – Men's large hill individual" } ]	What is the surface area in square miles of the continent containing Gorki Ridge?	5,400,000	[]	Title: New York (state) Passage: New York covers 54,555 square miles (141,300 km) and ranks as the 27th largest state by size. The highest elevation in New York is Mount Marcy in the Adirondacks, at 5,344 feet (1,629 meters) above sea level; while the state's lowest point is at sea level, on the Atlantic Ocean. Title: Richmond, Virginia Passage: Richmond is located at 37°32′N 77°28′W / 37.533°N 77.467°W / 37.533; -77.467 (37.538, −77.462). According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 62 square miles (160 km2), of which 60 square miles (160 km2) is land and 2.7 square miles (7.0 km2) of it (4.3%) is water. The city is located in the Piedmont region of Virginia, at the highest navigable point of the James River. The Piedmont region is characterized by relatively low, rolling hills, and lies between the low, sea level Tidewater region and the Blue Ridge Mountains. Significant bodies of water in the region include the James River, the Appomattox River, and the Chickahominy River. Title: Antarctica Passage: Positioned asymmetrically around the South Pole and largely south of the Antarctic Circle, Antarctica is the southernmost continent and is surrounded by the Southern Ocean; alternatively, it may be considered to be surrounded by the southern Pacific, Atlantic, and Indian Oceans, or by the southern waters of the World Ocean. It covers more than 14,000,000 km2 (5,400,000 sq mi), making it the fifth-largest continent, about 1.3 times as large as Europe. The coastline measures 17,968 km (11,165 mi) and is mostly characterized by ice formations, as the following table shows: Title: Continent Passage: A continent is one of several very large landmasses on Earth. Generally identified by convention rather than any strict criteria, up to seven regions are commonly regarded as continents. Ordered from largest in size to smallest, they are: Asia, Africa, North America, South America, Antarctica, Europe, and Australia. Title: Acre Passage: One acre equals 0.0015625 square miles, 4,840 square yards, 43,560 square feet or about 4,047 square metres (0.4047 hectares) (see below). While all modern variants of the acre contain 4,840 square yards, there are alternative definitions of a yard, so the exact size of an acre depends on which yard it is based. Originally, an acre was understood as a selion of land sized at forty perches (660 ft, or 1 furlong) long and four perches (66 ft) wide; this may have also been understood as an approximation of the amount of land a yoke of oxen could plough in one day. A square enclosing one acre is approximately 69.57 yards, or 208 feet 9 inches (63.61 metres) on a side. As a unit of measure, an acre has no prescribed shape; any area of 43,560 square feet is an acre. Title: Yosemite National Park Passage: The 1,189 sq mi (3,080 km) park is roughly the size of the U.S. state of Rhode Island and contains thousands of lakes and ponds, 1,600 miles (2,600 km) of streams, 800 miles (1,300 km) of hiking trails, and 350 miles (560 km) of roads. Two federally designated Wild and Scenic Rivers, the Merced and the Tuolumne, begin within Yosemite's borders and flow westward through the Sierra foothills, into the Central Valley of California. On average, about 4 million people visit the park each year, with most visitor use concentrated in the seven - square - mile (18 km) area of Yosemite Valley. Title: Antarctica Passage: Several governments maintain permanent manned research stations on the continent. The number of people conducting and supporting scientific research and other work on the continent and its nearby islands varies from about 1,000 in winter to about 5,000 in the summer, giving it a population density between 70 and 350 inhabitants per million square kilometres (180 and 900 per million square miles) at these times. Many of the stations are staffed year-round, the winter-over personnel typically arriving from their home countries for a one-year assignment. An Orthodox church—Trinity Church, opened in 2004 at the Russian Bellingshausen Station—is manned year-round by one or two priests, who are similarly rotated every year. Title: North Dakota Passage: North Dakota is in the U.S. region known as the Great Plains. The state shares the Red River of the North with Minnesota to the east. South Dakota is to the south, Montana is to the west, and the Canadian provinces of Saskatchewan and Manitoba are to the north. North Dakota is situated near the middle of North America with a stone marker in Rugby, North Dakota marking the ``Geographic Center of the North American Continent ''. With an area of 70,762 square miles (183,273 km), North Dakota is the 19th largest state. Title: List of municipalities in New Jersey Passage: This is a list of the 565 municipalities in the U.S. state of New Jersey, ordered by population. There are five types of municipality in the state -- boroughs (250), cities (52), towns (15), townships (245), and villages (4). New Jersey, the fourth - smallest state, covers 8,722 square miles (22,590 km), meaning the average land size of a municipality in the state is about 15 square miles (39 km) -- but note the wide range of actual sizes in the map at right. Title: Washington County, Wisconsin Passage: According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 436 square miles (1,130 km2), of which 431 square miles (1,120 km2) is land and 5.0 square miles (13 km2) (1.2%) is water. It is the fifth-smallest county in Wisconsin by total area. Title: Ski jumping at the 2014 Winter Olympics – Men's large hill individual Passage: The men's large hill individual ski jumping competition for the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi, Russia, was held on 14–15 February 2014 at RusSki Gorki Jumping Center in the Esto-Sadok village on the northern slope of Aibga Ridge in Krasnaya Polyana. Title: Africa Passage: Africa is the world's second - largest and second-most - populous continent (the first being Asia). At about 30.3 million km (11.7 million square miles) including adjacent islands, it covers 6% of Earth's total surface area and 20.4% of its total land area. With 1.2 billion people as of 2016, it accounts for about 16% of the world's human population. The continent is surrounded by the Mediterranean Sea to the north, both the Suez Canal and the Red Sea along the Sinai Peninsula to the northeast, the Indian Ocean to the southeast and the Atlantic Ocean to the west. The continent includes Madagascar and various archipelagos. It contains 54 fully recognised sovereign states (countries), nine territories and two de facto independent states with limited or no recognition. Title: Gonzales County, Texas Passage: According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 1,070 square miles (2,800 km2), of which 1,067 square miles (2,760 km2) is land and 3.2 square miles (8.3 km2) (0.3%) is water. Title: Mexican–American War Passage: Before the secession of Texas, Mexico comprised almost 1,700,000 sq mi (4,400,000 km), but by 1849 it was just under 800,000 square miles (2,100,000 km). Another 30,000 square miles (78,000 km) were sold to the U.S. in the Gadsden Purchase of 1853, so the total reduction of Mexican territory was more than 55%, or 900,000 square miles (2,300,000 km). Title: Mullet River Passage: The Mullet River is a tributary of the Sheboygan River, 40 miles (64 km) long, in eastern Wisconsin in the United States. Via the Sheboygan, it is part of the watershed of Lake Michigan, draining an area of 88 square miles (228 km²) in a primarily agricultural area of the Eastern Ridges and Lowlands region of Wisconsin. Title: Sydney Passage: Sydney is a coastal basin with the Tasman Sea to the east, the Blue Mountains to the west, the Hawkesbury River to the north, and the Woronora Plateau to the south. The inner city measures 25 square kilometres (10 square miles), the Greater Sydney region covers 12,367 square kilometres (4,775 square miles), and the city's urban area is 1,687 square kilometres (651 square miles) in size. Title: Africa Passage: Africa is the world's second largest and second most - populous continent (behind Asia in both categories). At about 30.3 million km (11.7 million square miles) including adjacent islands, it covers 6% of Earth's total surface area and 20% of its land area. With 1.2 billion people as of 2016, it accounts for about 16% of the world's human population. The continent is surrounded by the Mediterranean Sea to the north, the Isthmus of Suez and the Red Sea to the northeast, the Indian Ocean to the southeast and the Atlantic Ocean to the west. The continent includes Madagascar and various archipelagos. It contains 54 fully recognised sovereign states (countries), nine territories and two de facto independent states with limited or no recognition. The majority of the continent and its countries are in the Northern Hemisphere, with a substantial portion and number of countries in the Southern Hemisphere. Title: Santa Monica, California Passage: As of the census of 2000, there are 84,084 people, 44,497 households, and 16,775 families in the city. The population density is 10,178.7 inhabitants per square mile (3,930.4/km²). There are 47,863 housing units at an average density of 5,794.0 per square mile (2,237.3/km²). The racial makeup of the city is 78.29% White, 7.25% Asian, 3.78% African American, 0.47% Native American, 0.10% Pacific Islander, 5.97% from other races, and 4.13% from two or more races. 13.44% of the population are Hispanic or Latino of any race. There are 44,497 households, out of which 15.8% have children under the age of 18, 27.5% are married couples living together, 7.5% have a female householder with no husband present, and 62.3% are non-families. 51.2% of all households are made up of individuals and 10.6% have someone living alone who is 65 years of age or older. The average household size is 1.83 and the average family size is 2.80. Title: Gorki Ridge Passage: Gorki Ridge () is a ridge about long forming the east wall of Schussel Cirque in the Humboldt Mountains of Queen Maud Land, Antarctica. It was discovered and plotted from air photos by the Third German Antarctic Expedition, 1938-39, and mapped from air photos and surveys by the Sixth Norwegian Antarctic Expedition, 1956–60. It was remapped by the Soviet Antarctic Expedition, 1960–61, and named after Soviet author A.M. Gorki. Title: Oklahoma City Passage: The Oklahoma City Police Department, has a uniformed force of 1,169 officers and 300+ civilian employees. The Department has a central police station and five substations covering 2,500 police reporting districts that average 1/4 square mile in size.	[ "Antarctica", "Gorki Ridge" ]
2hop__543296_53519	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In 1949, the Territory and the Territory of New Guinea were established in an administrative union by the name of the Territory of Papua and New Guinea. That administrative union was renamed as Papua New Guinea in 1971. Notwithstanding that it was part of an administrative union, the Territory of Papua at all times retained a distinct legal status and identity; it was a Possession of the Crown whereas the Territory of New Guinea was initially a League of Nations mandate territory and subsequently a United Nations trust territory. This important legal and political distinction remained until the advent of the Independent State of Papua New Guinea in 1975.", "title": "Territory of Papua" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Electric charge Electric field of a positive and a negative point charge Common symbols Q SI unit coulomb Other units elementary charge faraday ampere - hour In SI base units C = A s Extensive? yes Conserved? yes Dimension", "title": "Electric charge" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Fairford is a former provincial electoral division in Manitoba, Canada. It was created for the 1920 provincial election, and eliminated with the 1958 election.", "title": "Fairford (electoral district)" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Deninu School is a K-12 public school located in Fort Resolution, Northwest Territories, Canada. The school currently represents the only public education option for youth in the hamlet and serves a student population of approximately 125 students. The administration of the school is the responsibility of the South Slave Divisional Education Council (SSDEC).", "title": "Deninu School" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "From the mid-1990s renewable energy began to contribute to the electricity generated in the United Kingdom, adding to a small hydroelectricity generating capacity. The total of all renewable electricity sources provided for 14.9% of the electricity generated in the United Kingdom in 2013, reaching 53.7 TWh of electricity generated. In the second quarter of 2015, renewable electricity generation exceeded 25% and coal generation for the first time. As of 2nd quarter 2017, renewables generated 29.8% of the UK's electricity.", "title": "Renewable energy in the United Kingdom" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "A union territory is a type of administrative division in the Republic of India. Unlike states, which have their own elected governments, union territories are ruled directly by the Union Government (central government), hence the name ``union territory ''. Union territories in India qualify as federal territories, by definition.", "title": "Union territory" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Bani Walid or Ben Walid, prior to 2007, was one of the districts of Libya, administrative town Bani Walid. In the 2007 administrative reorganization the territory formerly in Bani Walid District was transferred to Misrata District.", "title": "Bani Walid District" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Found in applications as diverse as industrial fans, blowers and pumps, machine tools, household appliances, power tools, and disk drives, electric motors can be powered by direct current (DC) sources, such as from batteries, motor vehicles or rectifiers, or by alternating current (AC) sources, such as from the power grid, inverters or generators. Small motors may be found in electric watches. General-purpose motors with highly standardized dimensions and characteristics provide convenient mechanical power for industrial use. The largest of electric motors are used for ship propulsion, pipeline compression and pumped-storage applications with ratings reaching 100 megawatts. Electric motors may be classified by electric power source type, internal construction, application, type of motion output, and so on.", "title": "Electric motor" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Manitoba Hydro is the electric power and natural gas utility in the province of Manitoba, Canada. Founded in 1961, it is a provincial Crown Corporation, governed by the Manitoba Hydro - Electric Board and the Manitoba Hydro Act. Today the company operates 15 interconnected generating stations. It has more than 527,000 electric power customers and more than 263,000 natural gas customers. Since most of the electrical energy is provided by hydroelectric power, the utility has low electricity rates. Stations in Northern Manitoba are connected by a HVDC system, the Nelson River Bipole, to customers in the south. The internal staff are members of the Canadian Union of Public Employees Local 998 while the outside workers are members of the International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers Local 2034.", "title": "Manitoba Hydro" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Vilnius County () is the largest of the 10 counties of Lithuania, located in the east of the country around the city Vilnius. On 1 July 2010, the county administration was abolished, and since that date, Vilnius County remains as the territorial and statistical unit.", "title": "Vilnius County" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Khabarovsky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the seventeen in Khabarovsk Krai, Russia. It consists of two unconnected segments separated by the territory of Amursky District, which are located in the southwest of the krai. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Khabarovsk (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population:", "title": "Khabarovsky District" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The ZEC Bras-Coupé-Desert is a \"zone d'exploitation contrôlée\" (controlled harvesting zone) (ZEC), located in the unorganized territory of Lac-Pythonga in La Vallée-de-la-Gatineau Regional County Municipality, in the administrative region of Outaouais, in Quebec, in Canada.", "title": "Zec Bras-Coupé–Désert" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Biysky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-nine in Altai Krai, Russia. It is located in the east of the krai and borders with Zonalny, Tselinny, Soltonsky, Krasnogorsky, Sovetsky, and Smolensky Districts, as well as with the territory of the City of Biysk. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Biysk (which is not administratively a part of the district). District's population:", "title": "Biysky District" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Ap Lo Chun () is a small island in the New Territories of Hong Kong. It is located in Ap Chau Bay () between Ap Chau in the east and Sai Ap Chau in the west, with the islet of Ap Tan Pai nearby in the northeast. It is under the administration of North District.", "title": "Ap Lo Chun" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Arrondissement of Mechelen (; ) is one of the three administrative arrondissements in the Province of Antwerp, Belgium. It is both an administrative and a judicial arrondissement, as the territory for both coincides.", "title": "Arrondissement of Mechelen" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Paea is a commune in the suburbs of Papeete in French Polynesia, an overseas territory of France in the southern Pacific Ocean. Paea is located on the island of Tahiti, in the administrative subdivision of the Windward Islands, themselves part of the Society Islands. At the 2017 census it had a population of 13,021.", "title": "Paea" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Bogotá (/ ˈboʊɡətɑː /, / ˌbɒɡəˈtɑː /, / ˌboʊ - /; Spanish pronunciation: (boɣoˈta) (listen)), officially Bogotá, Distrito Capital, abbreviated Bogotá, D.C., and formerly known as Santafé de Bogotá between 1991 and 2000, is the capital and largest city of Colombia, administered as the Capital District, although often thought of as part of Cundinamarca. Bogotá is a territorial entity of the first order, with the same administrative status as the departments of Colombia. It is the political, economic, administrative, industrial, artistic, cultural, and sports center of the country.", "title": "Bogotá" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "San Vincenzo al Volturno is a historic Benedictine monastery located in the territories of the Comunes of Castel San Vincenzo and Rocchetta a Volturno, in the Province of Isernia, near the source of the river Volturno in Italy. The current monastery, housing a group 8 benedictin nuns, is located to the east of the river, while the archaeological monastery of the early Middle Ages was located on the west.", "title": "San Vincenzo al Volturno" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Electric potential energy Common symbols U SI unit joule (J) Derivations from other quantities U = C V / 2", "title": "Electric potential energy" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Lutsel K'e Dene School is a K-12 public school located in Lutselk'e, Northwest Territories, Canada. The school currently represents the only public education option for youth in the settlement and serves a student population of approximately 73 students. The administration of the school is the responsibility of the South Slave Divisional Education Council (SSDEC).", "title": "Lutsel K'e Dene School" } ]	What is the most common source of electricity in the province containing Fairford?	Manitoba Hydro	[]	Title: Arrondissement of Mechelen Passage: The Arrondissement of Mechelen (; ) is one of the three administrative arrondissements in the Province of Antwerp, Belgium. It is both an administrative and a judicial arrondissement, as the territory for both coincides. Title: Bani Walid District Passage: Bani Walid or Ben Walid, prior to 2007, was one of the districts of Libya, administrative town Bani Walid. In the 2007 administrative reorganization the territory formerly in Bani Walid District was transferred to Misrata District. Title: Biysky District Passage: Biysky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-nine in Altai Krai, Russia. It is located in the east of the krai and borders with Zonalny, Tselinny, Soltonsky, Krasnogorsky, Sovetsky, and Smolensky Districts, as well as with the territory of the City of Biysk. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Biysk (which is not administratively a part of the district). District's population: Title: Territory of Papua Passage: In 1949, the Territory and the Territory of New Guinea were established in an administrative union by the name of the Territory of Papua and New Guinea. That administrative union was renamed as Papua New Guinea in 1971. Notwithstanding that it was part of an administrative union, the Territory of Papua at all times retained a distinct legal status and identity; it was a Possession of the Crown whereas the Territory of New Guinea was initially a League of Nations mandate territory and subsequently a United Nations trust territory. This important legal and political distinction remained until the advent of the Independent State of Papua New Guinea in 1975. Title: Vilnius County Passage: Vilnius County () is the largest of the 10 counties of Lithuania, located in the east of the country around the city Vilnius. On 1 July 2010, the county administration was abolished, and since that date, Vilnius County remains as the territorial and statistical unit. Title: Ap Lo Chun Passage: Ap Lo Chun () is a small island in the New Territories of Hong Kong. It is located in Ap Chau Bay () between Ap Chau in the east and Sai Ap Chau in the west, with the islet of Ap Tan Pai nearby in the northeast. It is under the administration of North District. Title: Bogotá Passage: Bogotá (/ ˈboʊɡətɑː /, / ˌbɒɡəˈtɑː /, / ˌboʊ - /; Spanish pronunciation: (boɣoˈta) (listen)), officially Bogotá, Distrito Capital, abbreviated Bogotá, D.C., and formerly known as Santafé de Bogotá between 1991 and 2000, is the capital and largest city of Colombia, administered as the Capital District, although often thought of as part of Cundinamarca. Bogotá is a territorial entity of the first order, with the same administrative status as the departments of Colombia. It is the political, economic, administrative, industrial, artistic, cultural, and sports center of the country. Title: Zec Bras-Coupé–Désert Passage: The ZEC Bras-Coupé-Desert is a "zone d'exploitation contrôlée" (controlled harvesting zone) (ZEC), located in the unorganized territory of Lac-Pythonga in La Vallée-de-la-Gatineau Regional County Municipality, in the administrative region of Outaouais, in Quebec, in Canada. Title: Khabarovsky District Passage: Khabarovsky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the seventeen in Khabarovsk Krai, Russia. It consists of two unconnected segments separated by the territory of Amursky District, which are located in the southwest of the krai. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Khabarovsk (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population: Title: Lutsel K'e Dene School Passage: Lutsel K'e Dene School is a K-12 public school located in Lutselk'e, Northwest Territories, Canada. The school currently represents the only public education option for youth in the settlement and serves a student population of approximately 73 students. The administration of the school is the responsibility of the South Slave Divisional Education Council (SSDEC). Title: San Vincenzo al Volturno Passage: San Vincenzo al Volturno is a historic Benedictine monastery located in the territories of the Comunes of Castel San Vincenzo and Rocchetta a Volturno, in the Province of Isernia, near the source of the river Volturno in Italy. The current monastery, housing a group 8 benedictin nuns, is located to the east of the river, while the archaeological monastery of the early Middle Ages was located on the west. Title: Fairford (electoral district) Passage: Fairford is a former provincial electoral division in Manitoba, Canada. It was created for the 1920 provincial election, and eliminated with the 1958 election. Title: Electric charge Passage: Electric charge Electric field of a positive and a negative point charge Common symbols Q SI unit coulomb Other units elementary charge faraday ampere - hour In SI base units C = A s Extensive? yes Conserved? yes Dimension Title: Renewable energy in the United Kingdom Passage: From the mid-1990s renewable energy began to contribute to the electricity generated in the United Kingdom, adding to a small hydroelectricity generating capacity. The total of all renewable electricity sources provided for 14.9% of the electricity generated in the United Kingdom in 2013, reaching 53.7 TWh of electricity generated. In the second quarter of 2015, renewable electricity generation exceeded 25% and coal generation for the first time. As of 2nd quarter 2017, renewables generated 29.8% of the UK's electricity. Title: Union territory Passage: A union territory is a type of administrative division in the Republic of India. Unlike states, which have their own elected governments, union territories are ruled directly by the Union Government (central government), hence the name ``union territory ''. Union territories in India qualify as federal territories, by definition. Title: Deninu School Passage: Deninu School is a K-12 public school located in Fort Resolution, Northwest Territories, Canada. The school currently represents the only public education option for youth in the hamlet and serves a student population of approximately 125 students. The administration of the school is the responsibility of the South Slave Divisional Education Council (SSDEC). Title: Electric motor Passage: Found in applications as diverse as industrial fans, blowers and pumps, machine tools, household appliances, power tools, and disk drives, electric motors can be powered by direct current (DC) sources, such as from batteries, motor vehicles or rectifiers, or by alternating current (AC) sources, such as from the power grid, inverters or generators. Small motors may be found in electric watches. General-purpose motors with highly standardized dimensions and characteristics provide convenient mechanical power for industrial use. The largest of electric motors are used for ship propulsion, pipeline compression and pumped-storage applications with ratings reaching 100 megawatts. Electric motors may be classified by electric power source type, internal construction, application, type of motion output, and so on. Title: Electric potential energy Passage: Electric potential energy Common symbols U SI unit joule (J) Derivations from other quantities U = C V / 2 Title: Paea Passage: Paea is a commune in the suburbs of Papeete in French Polynesia, an overseas territory of France in the southern Pacific Ocean. Paea is located on the island of Tahiti, in the administrative subdivision of the Windward Islands, themselves part of the Society Islands. At the 2017 census it had a population of 13,021. Title: Manitoba Hydro Passage: Manitoba Hydro is the electric power and natural gas utility in the province of Manitoba, Canada. Founded in 1961, it is a provincial Crown Corporation, governed by the Manitoba Hydro - Electric Board and the Manitoba Hydro Act. Today the company operates 15 interconnected generating stations. It has more than 527,000 electric power customers and more than 263,000 natural gas customers. Since most of the electrical energy is provided by hydroelectric power, the utility has low electricity rates. Stations in Northern Manitoba are connected by a HVDC system, the Nelson River Bipole, to customers in the south. The internal staff are members of the Canadian Union of Public Employees Local 998 while the outside workers are members of the International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers Local 2034.	[ "Fairford (electoral district)", "Manitoba Hydro" ]
2hop__740102_78714	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Pine Lake State Park is a state park of Iowa, US. The park comprises encompassing two lakes: Lower Pine Lake and Upper Pine Lake. The park is located near Eldora and Steamboat Rock.", "title": "Pine Lake State Park" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "\" Song of the Pines\" (Philadelphia, PA: John C. Winston Company; first edition. 1949) was part of the \"Land of the Free\" series of children's books. The book highlighted the contribution of Norwegian immigrants to the Wisconsin logging industry. The book focuses on the story of a 15-year-old orphan named Nils who emigrates to America in the 1850s. Nils is a trained knife sharpener who sets up a business making cant hooks, a traditional logging tool. The novel was edited by Erick Berry and illustrated by the artist Richard Floethe (1901-1988). First published in 1949, it became a Newbery Honor recipient in 1950.", "title": "Song of the Pines" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Big Pine (formerly, Bigpine) is a census-designated place (CDP) in Inyo County, California, United States. Big Pine is located approximately south-southeast of Bishop, at an elevation of . The population was 1,756 at the 2010 census, up from 1,350 at the 2000 census. The Big Pine Band of Owens Valley Paiute Shoshone Indians of the Big Pine Reservation operates their tribal headquarters from here.", "title": "Big Pine, California" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Pines (formerly, Pines Villages) is an unincorporated community in Madera County, California. It is located on the northeast shore of Bass Lake southeast of Yosemite Forks, at an elevation of 3435 feet (1047 m).", "title": "The Pines, Madera County, California" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "River Pines is a census-designated place in Amador County, California. It is located north-northeast of Fiddletown, at an elevation of 1985 feet (605 m). A post office opened at River Pines in 1948; it has the zip code of 95675. River Pines has a population of 379 (2010 census).", "title": "River Pines, California" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The 1983 Wisconsin Act 74, effective July 1, 1984, created a drinking age of 19. Meeting in special session at the call of the governor, the legislature enacted 1985 Wisconsin Act 337, which raised the drinking age to 21 and brought the state into compliance with the NMDA (National Minimum Drinking Age) on September 1, 1986.", "title": "Alcohol laws of Wisconsin" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Pine Grove (formerly Cobb) is an unincorporated community in Lake County, California. It is located northwest of Whispering Pines, at an elevation of 2,520 feet (768 m).", "title": "Pine Grove, Lake County, California" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "New Jersey's drinking age was lowered to 18 in 1973 as part of a broader legal change which reduced New Jersey's age of majority from 21 to 18. Much of the impetus for lowering the drinking age to 18 was to grant returning Vietnam veterans the right to purchase alcohol. Possibly because of concerns about 18 - year - old high school students being able to legally purchase liquor, and then illegally consume it school, the state raised the drinking age to 19 in 1980. Citing statistics that indicated an increase in car deaths among drivers under 21, the drinking age was raised back to 21 in 1983. At the same time, the penalties for underage drinking were increased to include a mandatory driver's license suspension. In 1985, the state made it illegal for an adult to give alcohol to a person under 21, with exception for religious services and parents serving alcohol to their own children at home or in a private area.", "title": "Alcohol laws of New Jersey" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In law, a minor is a person under a certain age, usually the age of majority, which legally demarcates childhood from adulthood. The age of majority depends upon jurisdiction and application, but it is generally 18. Minor may also be used in contexts that are unconnected to the overall age of majority. For example, the drinking age in the United States is usually 21, and younger people are sometimes called minors in the context of alcohol law, even if they are at least 18. The term underage often refers to those under the age of majority, but it may also refer to persons under a certain age limit, such as the drinking age, smoking age, age of consent, marriageable age, driving age, voting age, etc. Such age limits are often different from the age of majority.", "title": "Minor (law)" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The drinking age in Wisconsin is 21. Those under the legal drinking age may be served, possess, or consume alcohol if they are with a parent, legal guardian, or spouse who is of legal drinking age. Those age 18 - 20 may also be served, possess or consume alcohol if they are with a parent, legal guardian, or spouse who is of legal drinking age. Those age 18 to 20 may also possess (but not consume) alcohol as part of their employment.", "title": "Alcohol laws of Wisconsin" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Shark Energy Drink is available in a number of variations, including carbonated, uncarbonated versions, sugared and sugar-free. The drink is manufactured in Thailand by the Osotspa Co. Ltd in Bangkok, and also in Europe by Shark AG in Innsbruck, Austria.", "title": "Shark Energy" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"The Piano Has Been Drinking (Not Me) (An Evening with Pete King)\", often referred to as \"The Piano Has Been Drinking\", is a song written and performed by Tom Waits. The song first appeared on his 1976 album \"Small Change\", and an extended live version on the 1981 compilation album \"Bounced Checks\".", "title": "The Piano Has Been Drinking (Not Me) (An Evening with Pete King)" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "From 1976 to 1983, several states voluntarily raised their purchase ages to 19 (or, less commonly, 20 or 21), in part to combat drunk driving fatalities. In 1984, Congress passed the National Minimum Drinking Age Act, which required states to raise their ages for purchase and public possession to 21 by October 1986 or lose 10% of their federal highway funds. By mid-1988, all 50 states and the District of Columbia had raised their purchase ages to 21 (but not Puerto Rico, Guam, or the Virgin Islands, see Additional Notes below). South Dakota and Wyoming were the final two states to comply with the age 21 mandate. The current drinking age of 21 remains a point of contention among many Americans, because of it being higher than the age of majority (18 in most states) and higher than the drinking ages of most other countries. The National Minimum Drinking Age Act is also seen as a congressional sidestep of the tenth amendment. Although debates have not been highly publicized, a few states have proposed legislation to lower their drinking age, while Guam has raised its drinking age to 21 in July 2010.", "title": "U.S. history of alcohol minimum purchase age by state" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Alcohol laws of Australia regulate the sale and consumption of alcoholic beverages (If you are 18 and over in Australia you are allowed to vote, drink and drive). Legal age of drinking is 18.", "title": "Alcohol laws of Australia" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The drinking age in Wisconsin is 21. Those under the legal drinking age may be served, possess, or consume alcohol if they are with a parent, legal guardian, or spouse who is of legal drinking age. Those age 18 to 20 may also possess (but not consume) alcohol as part of their employment.", "title": "Alcohol laws of Wisconsin" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In response to the National Minimum Drinking Age Act in 1984, which reduced by up to 10% the federal highway funding of any state which did not have a minimum purchasing age of 21, the New York Legislature raised the drinking age from 19 to 21, effective December 1, 1985. (The drinking age had been 18 for many years before the first raise on December 4th, 1982, to 19.) Persons under 21 are prohibited from purchasing alcohol or possessing alcohol with the intent to consume, unless the alcohol was given to that person by their parent or legal guardian. There is no law prohibiting where people under 21 may possess or consume alcohol that was given to them by their parents. Persons under 21 are prohibited from having a blood alcohol level of 0.02% or higher while driving.", "title": "Alcohol laws of New York" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "New Jersey and all other U.S. states comport with the requirement of the National Minimum Drinking Age Act of 1984, which sought to set a national standard of 21 as the minimum age for purchasing and publicly possessing alcoholic beverages. To make states comply, Congress tied a state's failure to enact a drinking age at 21 to a punitive decrease in a state's apportionment of federal highway funding. Federal law requires colleges and universities that accept federal financial aid institute policies to sanction students who violate underage drinking and other alcohol laws, and to track the number of liquor laws violations. The Chronicle of Higher Education has reported that many colleges fail to comply with these laws, and federal enforcement is minimal.", "title": "Alcohol laws of New Jersey" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Palms is a small national park located between Cooyar and Yarraman in Queensland, Australia. The main feature of the park is spring-fed gully filled with piccabeen palms. Strangler figs, bunya pines and hoop pines also predominate.", "title": "The Palms National Park" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "East Pine Provincial Park is a provincial park in British Columbia, Canada, located east of Chetwynd in the Peace River Block at the junction of the Pine and Murray Rivers. The park was established in 1982 and is 14.2 hectares in size.", "title": "East Pine Provincial Park" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Golden Age, a historical novel published in 2000 by Gore Vidal, is the seventh and final novel in his \"Narratives of Empire\" series.", "title": "The Golden Age (Vidal novel)" } ]	when did the drinking age change to 19 where Song of the Pines was set?	July 1, 1984	[]	Title: The Golden Age (Vidal novel) Passage: The Golden Age, a historical novel published in 2000 by Gore Vidal, is the seventh and final novel in his "Narratives of Empire" series. Title: Minor (law) Passage: In law, a minor is a person under a certain age, usually the age of majority, which legally demarcates childhood from adulthood. The age of majority depends upon jurisdiction and application, but it is generally 18. Minor may also be used in contexts that are unconnected to the overall age of majority. For example, the drinking age in the United States is usually 21, and younger people are sometimes called minors in the context of alcohol law, even if they are at least 18. The term underage often refers to those under the age of majority, but it may also refer to persons under a certain age limit, such as the drinking age, smoking age, age of consent, marriageable age, driving age, voting age, etc. Such age limits are often different from the age of majority. Title: U.S. history of alcohol minimum purchase age by state Passage: From 1976 to 1983, several states voluntarily raised their purchase ages to 19 (or, less commonly, 20 or 21), in part to combat drunk driving fatalities. In 1984, Congress passed the National Minimum Drinking Age Act, which required states to raise their ages for purchase and public possession to 21 by October 1986 or lose 10% of their federal highway funds. By mid-1988, all 50 states and the District of Columbia had raised their purchase ages to 21 (but not Puerto Rico, Guam, or the Virgin Islands, see Additional Notes below). South Dakota and Wyoming were the final two states to comply with the age 21 mandate. The current drinking age of 21 remains a point of contention among many Americans, because of it being higher than the age of majority (18 in most states) and higher than the drinking ages of most other countries. The National Minimum Drinking Age Act is also seen as a congressional sidestep of the tenth amendment. Although debates have not been highly publicized, a few states have proposed legislation to lower their drinking age, while Guam has raised its drinking age to 21 in July 2010. Title: Song of the Pines Passage: " Song of the Pines" (Philadelphia, PA: John C. Winston Company; first edition. 1949) was part of the "Land of the Free" series of children's books. The book highlighted the contribution of Norwegian immigrants to the Wisconsin logging industry. The book focuses on the story of a 15-year-old orphan named Nils who emigrates to America in the 1850s. Nils is a trained knife sharpener who sets up a business making cant hooks, a traditional logging tool. The novel was edited by Erick Berry and illustrated by the artist Richard Floethe (1901-1988). First published in 1949, it became a Newbery Honor recipient in 1950. Title: The Piano Has Been Drinking (Not Me) (An Evening with Pete King) Passage: "The Piano Has Been Drinking (Not Me) (An Evening with Pete King)", often referred to as "The Piano Has Been Drinking", is a song written and performed by Tom Waits. The song first appeared on his 1976 album "Small Change", and an extended live version on the 1981 compilation album "Bounced Checks". Title: Big Pine, California Passage: Big Pine (formerly, Bigpine) is a census-designated place (CDP) in Inyo County, California, United States. Big Pine is located approximately south-southeast of Bishop, at an elevation of . The population was 1,756 at the 2010 census, up from 1,350 at the 2000 census. The Big Pine Band of Owens Valley Paiute Shoshone Indians of the Big Pine Reservation operates their tribal headquarters from here. Title: The Palms National Park Passage: The Palms is a small national park located between Cooyar and Yarraman in Queensland, Australia. The main feature of the park is spring-fed gully filled with piccabeen palms. Strangler figs, bunya pines and hoop pines also predominate. Title: The Pines, Madera County, California Passage: The Pines (formerly, Pines Villages) is an unincorporated community in Madera County, California. It is located on the northeast shore of Bass Lake southeast of Yosemite Forks, at an elevation of 3435 feet (1047 m). Title: River Pines, California Passage: River Pines is a census-designated place in Amador County, California. It is located north-northeast of Fiddletown, at an elevation of 1985 feet (605 m). A post office opened at River Pines in 1948; it has the zip code of 95675. River Pines has a population of 379 (2010 census). Title: East Pine Provincial Park Passage: East Pine Provincial Park is a provincial park in British Columbia, Canada, located east of Chetwynd in the Peace River Block at the junction of the Pine and Murray Rivers. The park was established in 1982 and is 14.2 hectares in size. Title: Alcohol laws of New Jersey Passage: New Jersey and all other U.S. states comport with the requirement of the National Minimum Drinking Age Act of 1984, which sought to set a national standard of 21 as the minimum age for purchasing and publicly possessing alcoholic beverages. To make states comply, Congress tied a state's failure to enact a drinking age at 21 to a punitive decrease in a state's apportionment of federal highway funding. Federal law requires colleges and universities that accept federal financial aid institute policies to sanction students who violate underage drinking and other alcohol laws, and to track the number of liquor laws violations. The Chronicle of Higher Education has reported that many colleges fail to comply with these laws, and federal enforcement is minimal. Title: Pine Grove, Lake County, California Passage: Pine Grove (formerly Cobb) is an unincorporated community in Lake County, California. It is located northwest of Whispering Pines, at an elevation of 2,520 feet (768 m). Title: Alcohol laws of Wisconsin Passage: The 1983 Wisconsin Act 74, effective July 1, 1984, created a drinking age of 19. Meeting in special session at the call of the governor, the legislature enacted 1985 Wisconsin Act 337, which raised the drinking age to 21 and brought the state into compliance with the NMDA (National Minimum Drinking Age) on September 1, 1986. Title: Alcohol laws of Wisconsin Passage: The drinking age in Wisconsin is 21. Those under the legal drinking age may be served, possess, or consume alcohol if they are with a parent, legal guardian, or spouse who is of legal drinking age. Those age 18 to 20 may also possess (but not consume) alcohol as part of their employment. Title: Alcohol laws of Australia Passage: Alcohol laws of Australia regulate the sale and consumption of alcoholic beverages (If you are 18 and over in Australia you are allowed to vote, drink and drive). Legal age of drinking is 18. Title: Alcohol laws of New Jersey Passage: New Jersey's drinking age was lowered to 18 in 1973 as part of a broader legal change which reduced New Jersey's age of majority from 21 to 18. Much of the impetus for lowering the drinking age to 18 was to grant returning Vietnam veterans the right to purchase alcohol. Possibly because of concerns about 18 - year - old high school students being able to legally purchase liquor, and then illegally consume it school, the state raised the drinking age to 19 in 1980. Citing statistics that indicated an increase in car deaths among drivers under 21, the drinking age was raised back to 21 in 1983. At the same time, the penalties for underage drinking were increased to include a mandatory driver's license suspension. In 1985, the state made it illegal for an adult to give alcohol to a person under 21, with exception for religious services and parents serving alcohol to their own children at home or in a private area. Title: Alcohol laws of Wisconsin Passage: The drinking age in Wisconsin is 21. Those under the legal drinking age may be served, possess, or consume alcohol if they are with a parent, legal guardian, or spouse who is of legal drinking age. Those age 18 - 20 may also be served, possess or consume alcohol if they are with a parent, legal guardian, or spouse who is of legal drinking age. Those age 18 to 20 may also possess (but not consume) alcohol as part of their employment. Title: Alcohol laws of New York Passage: In response to the National Minimum Drinking Age Act in 1984, which reduced by up to 10% the federal highway funding of any state which did not have a minimum purchasing age of 21, the New York Legislature raised the drinking age from 19 to 21, effective December 1, 1985. (The drinking age had been 18 for many years before the first raise on December 4th, 1982, to 19.) Persons under 21 are prohibited from purchasing alcohol or possessing alcohol with the intent to consume, unless the alcohol was given to that person by their parent or legal guardian. There is no law prohibiting where people under 21 may possess or consume alcohol that was given to them by their parents. Persons under 21 are prohibited from having a blood alcohol level of 0.02% or higher while driving. Title: Shark Energy Passage: Shark Energy Drink is available in a number of variations, including carbonated, uncarbonated versions, sugared and sugar-free. The drink is manufactured in Thailand by the Osotspa Co. Ltd in Bangkok, and also in Europe by Shark AG in Innsbruck, Austria. Title: Pine Lake State Park Passage: Pine Lake State Park is a state park of Iowa, US. The park comprises encompassing two lakes: Lower Pine Lake and Upper Pine Lake. The park is located near Eldora and Steamboat Rock.	[ "Song of the Pines", "Alcohol laws of Wisconsin" ]
2hop__498717_6660	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Advance is a city located at the intersection of State Highway 25 and State Highway 91/Route C in northern Stoddard County, Missouri, United States. The population was 1,347 at the 2010 census. Advance was founded \"circa\" 1882. The town is pronounced \"ADD-vance\".", "title": "Advance, Missouri" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Raley, Alberta is an unincorporated community in Cardston County, Alberta, Canada. The population of Raley was 5 in 1966. The community is located about 4 km north of Highway 3, and about 15 km east of the Town of Cardston. Raley is named after C. Raley, of Lethbridge.", "title": "Raley, Alberta" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Uluṟu-Kata Tjuṯa National Park is a protected area in the Northern Territory of Australia. The park is home to both Uluru and Kata Tjuta. It is located south of Darwin by road and south-west of Alice Springs along the Stuart and Lasseter Highways. The park covers and includes the features it is named after: Uluru and, to its west, Kata Tjuta. The location is listed with UNESCO World Heritage sites for natural and cultural landscape.", "title": "Uluṟu-Kata Tjuṯa National Park" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Wardville is a small unincorporated community in northern Atoka County, Oklahoma, United States, along State Highway 131 14 miles northeast of Coalgate, Oklahoma. The post office was established February 6, 1902 under the name Herbert, Oklahoma. Herbert was located in Atoka County, Choctaw Nation, a territorial-era entity which included portions of today's Atoka, Coal, Hughes and Pittsburg counties. The town was named after Herbert Ward, who was the youngest son of the towns first postmaster, Henry Pleasant Ward. The name of the town was changed to Wardville on July 18, 1907. Wardville was named for the before mentioned Henry Pleasant Ward, who served in the territorial House of Representatives and Senate and was an Atoka County judge. The Wardville Post Office closed in 2007.", "title": "Wardville, Oklahoma" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Biysky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-nine in Altai Krai, Russia. It is located in the east of the krai and borders with Zonalny, Tselinny, Soltonsky, Krasnogorsky, Sovetsky, and Smolensky Districts, as well as with the territory of the City of Biysk. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Biysk (which is not administratively a part of the district). District's population:", "title": "Biysky District" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Gad is an unincorporated community located in Marathon and Taylor Counties, Wisconsin, United States. The Marathon County portion of Gad is in the town of Bern, while the Taylor County portion is in the town of Browning. Gad is located along County Highway C east-southeast of Medford. The community once had a school called the Gad School; it is now part of the Medford Area School District.", "title": "Gad, Wisconsin" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Vilnius County () is the largest of the 10 counties of Lithuania, located in the east of the country around the city Vilnius. On 1 July 2010, the county administration was abolished, and since that date, Vilnius County remains as the territorial and statistical unit.", "title": "Vilnius County" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "U.S. Virgin Islands Highway 66 is a major east–west arterial on St. Croix in the United States Virgin Islands and is named the Melvin H. Evans Highway in honor of the territory's first elected governor. It is one of the few divided highways in a territory with the distinction of being the only US jurisdiction to drive on the left. It is also the fastest road on the island—and in the territory—with a 55 mph speed limit for passenger vehicles (except buses) and a limit for heavy trucks and buses. All junctions are at-grade, there are stoplights with connecting roads, and driveway access is limited by default in the territory but the highway is not explicitly classified as an expressway. It is an important intermediate link between locations on the southern coast, including an oil refinery of the Hess Corporation and the Henry E. Rohlsen International Airport, and the island's principal towns Christiansted and Frederiksted. The highway travels through areas of mostly lighter development and has multiple spurs and other intersections connecting to parallel roads and smaller communities. St. Croix has no single encircling route so the highway is one of the most heavily used.", "title": "U.S. Virgin Islands Highway 66" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Khabarovsky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the seventeen in Khabarovsk Krai, Russia. It consists of two unconnected segments separated by the territory of Amursky District, which are located in the southwest of the krai. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Khabarovsk (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population:", "title": "Khabarovsky District" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "C-17 or Eix del Congost is a primary highway in Catalonia, Spain. According to the 2004's new coding for primary highways managed by the Generalitat de Catalunya, the first number (C-17) indicates that is a south-northbound highway, whereas the second number (C-17) indicates that is the seventh westernmost.", "title": "C-17 highway (Spain)" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Gagen is an unincorporated community located in the town of Piehl, Oneida County, Wisconsin, United States. Gagen is located along County Highway C near U.S. Route 45, east of Rhinelander.", "title": "Gagen, Wisconsin" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The ZEC Bras-Coupé-Desert is a \"zone d'exploitation contrôlée\" (controlled harvesting zone) (ZEC), located in the unorganized territory of Lac-Pythonga in La Vallée-de-la-Gatineau Regional County Municipality, in the administrative region of Outaouais, in Quebec, in Canada.", "title": "Zec Bras-Coupé–Désert" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Dallol is one of the woredas in the Afar Region of Ethiopia. This woreda is named for the former mining settlement of Dallol, which set the record for the hottest inhabited place on Earth, with an average temperature of 34° C. Located at the northernmost point of the Administrative Zone 2, Dallol's territory includes part of the Afar Depression. This woreda is bordered on the south by Koneba, on the west by the Tigray Region, on the north by Eritrea, and on the east and south by Berhale. Detailed information is not available for the settlements in this woreda.", "title": "Dallol (woreda)" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Dutch Corners is an unincorporated community located in the town of Schley, Lincoln County, Wisconsin, United States. Dutch Corners is located at the intersection of County Highways C and G east-northeast of Merrill.", "title": "Dutch Corners, Wisconsin" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Sugarloaf Shores is an unincorporated community in Monroe County, Florida, United States, located in the lower Florida Keys on Lower Sugarloaf Key near mile marker 17 on US 1 (the Overseas Highway).", "title": "Sugarloaf Shores, Florida" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The C. K. Schoonmaker Stone House is located on Queens Highway near the hamlet of Kerhonkson, New York, United States, in the Ulster County town of Rochester. It is a stone bank house erected in the early 19th century.", "title": "C. K. Schoonmaker Stone House" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Saylesville is an unincorporated community located in the town of Genesee, Waukesha County, Wisconsin, United States. Saylesville is located on County Highway X southwest of Waukesha. Saylesville is home to the J. C. Booth House and the William Johnston Lime Kiln, both of which are listed on the National Register of Historic Places.", "title": "Saylesville, Waukesha County, Wisconsin" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Catalan shares many traits with its neighboring Romance languages. However, despite being mostly situated in the Iberian Peninsula, Catalan differs more from Iberian Romance (such as Spanish and Portuguese) in terms of vocabulary, pronunciation, and grammar than from Gallo-Romance (Occitan, French, Gallo-Italic languages, etc.). These similarities are most notable with Occitan.", "title": "Catalan language" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Pyatnitskoye Shosse () is a Moscow Metro station in the Mitino District, North-Western Administrative Okrug, Moscow, Russia. It is the northwestern terminus of the Arbatsko-Pokrovskaya Line. The station is located under the intersection of Pyatnitskoye Highway and Mitinskaya street.", "title": "Pyatnitskoye Shosse" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Grapevine is an unincorporated community in Grant County, Arkansas, United States. Grapevine is located on Arkansas Highway 35, south-southeast of Sheridan. Grapevine has a post office with ZIP code 72057. Grapevine is home to the famous R&C hunting club.", "title": "Grapevine, Arkansas" } ]	Where is the region in which the C-17 highway is located?	Iberian Peninsula	[ "Iberia" ]	Title: Pyatnitskoye Shosse Passage: Pyatnitskoye Shosse () is a Moscow Metro station in the Mitino District, North-Western Administrative Okrug, Moscow, Russia. It is the northwestern terminus of the Arbatsko-Pokrovskaya Line. The station is located under the intersection of Pyatnitskoye Highway and Mitinskaya street. Title: Zec Bras-Coupé–Désert Passage: The ZEC Bras-Coupé-Desert is a "zone d'exploitation contrôlée" (controlled harvesting zone) (ZEC), located in the unorganized territory of Lac-Pythonga in La Vallée-de-la-Gatineau Regional County Municipality, in the administrative region of Outaouais, in Quebec, in Canada. Title: C. K. Schoonmaker Stone House Passage: The C. K. Schoonmaker Stone House is located on Queens Highway near the hamlet of Kerhonkson, New York, United States, in the Ulster County town of Rochester. It is a stone bank house erected in the early 19th century. Title: U.S. Virgin Islands Highway 66 Passage: U.S. Virgin Islands Highway 66 is a major east–west arterial on St. Croix in the United States Virgin Islands and is named the Melvin H. Evans Highway in honor of the territory's first elected governor. It is one of the few divided highways in a territory with the distinction of being the only US jurisdiction to drive on the left. It is also the fastest road on the island—and in the territory—with a 55 mph speed limit for passenger vehicles (except buses) and a limit for heavy trucks and buses. All junctions are at-grade, there are stoplights with connecting roads, and driveway access is limited by default in the territory but the highway is not explicitly classified as an expressway. It is an important intermediate link between locations on the southern coast, including an oil refinery of the Hess Corporation and the Henry E. Rohlsen International Airport, and the island's principal towns Christiansted and Frederiksted. The highway travels through areas of mostly lighter development and has multiple spurs and other intersections connecting to parallel roads and smaller communities. St. Croix has no single encircling route so the highway is one of the most heavily used. Title: Sugarloaf Shores, Florida Passage: Sugarloaf Shores is an unincorporated community in Monroe County, Florida, United States, located in the lower Florida Keys on Lower Sugarloaf Key near mile marker 17 on US 1 (the Overseas Highway). Title: Gad, Wisconsin Passage: Gad is an unincorporated community located in Marathon and Taylor Counties, Wisconsin, United States. The Marathon County portion of Gad is in the town of Bern, while the Taylor County portion is in the town of Browning. Gad is located along County Highway C east-southeast of Medford. The community once had a school called the Gad School; it is now part of the Medford Area School District. Title: Raley, Alberta Passage: Raley, Alberta is an unincorporated community in Cardston County, Alberta, Canada. The population of Raley was 5 in 1966. The community is located about 4 km north of Highway 3, and about 15 km east of the Town of Cardston. Raley is named after C. Raley, of Lethbridge. Title: Wardville, Oklahoma Passage: Wardville is a small unincorporated community in northern Atoka County, Oklahoma, United States, along State Highway 131 14 miles northeast of Coalgate, Oklahoma. The post office was established February 6, 1902 under the name Herbert, Oklahoma. Herbert was located in Atoka County, Choctaw Nation, a territorial-era entity which included portions of today's Atoka, Coal, Hughes and Pittsburg counties. The town was named after Herbert Ward, who was the youngest son of the towns first postmaster, Henry Pleasant Ward. The name of the town was changed to Wardville on July 18, 1907. Wardville was named for the before mentioned Henry Pleasant Ward, who served in the territorial House of Representatives and Senate and was an Atoka County judge. The Wardville Post Office closed in 2007. Title: Advance, Missouri Passage: Advance is a city located at the intersection of State Highway 25 and State Highway 91/Route C in northern Stoddard County, Missouri, United States. The population was 1,347 at the 2010 census. Advance was founded "circa" 1882. The town is pronounced "ADD-vance". Title: Gagen, Wisconsin Passage: Gagen is an unincorporated community located in the town of Piehl, Oneida County, Wisconsin, United States. Gagen is located along County Highway C near U.S. Route 45, east of Rhinelander. Title: Saylesville, Waukesha County, Wisconsin Passage: Saylesville is an unincorporated community located in the town of Genesee, Waukesha County, Wisconsin, United States. Saylesville is located on County Highway X southwest of Waukesha. Saylesville is home to the J. C. Booth House and the William Johnston Lime Kiln, both of which are listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Title: Khabarovsky District Passage: Khabarovsky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the seventeen in Khabarovsk Krai, Russia. It consists of two unconnected segments separated by the territory of Amursky District, which are located in the southwest of the krai. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Khabarovsk (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population: Title: Vilnius County Passage: Vilnius County () is the largest of the 10 counties of Lithuania, located in the east of the country around the city Vilnius. On 1 July 2010, the county administration was abolished, and since that date, Vilnius County remains as the territorial and statistical unit. Title: Dallol (woreda) Passage: Dallol is one of the woredas in the Afar Region of Ethiopia. This woreda is named for the former mining settlement of Dallol, which set the record for the hottest inhabited place on Earth, with an average temperature of 34° C. Located at the northernmost point of the Administrative Zone 2, Dallol's territory includes part of the Afar Depression. This woreda is bordered on the south by Koneba, on the west by the Tigray Region, on the north by Eritrea, and on the east and south by Berhale. Detailed information is not available for the settlements in this woreda. Title: Uluṟu-Kata Tjuṯa National Park Passage: Uluṟu-Kata Tjuṯa National Park is a protected area in the Northern Territory of Australia. The park is home to both Uluru and Kata Tjuta. It is located south of Darwin by road and south-west of Alice Springs along the Stuart and Lasseter Highways. The park covers and includes the features it is named after: Uluru and, to its west, Kata Tjuta. The location is listed with UNESCO World Heritage sites for natural and cultural landscape. Title: Dutch Corners, Wisconsin Passage: Dutch Corners is an unincorporated community located in the town of Schley, Lincoln County, Wisconsin, United States. Dutch Corners is located at the intersection of County Highways C and G east-northeast of Merrill. Title: Biysky District Passage: Biysky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-nine in Altai Krai, Russia. It is located in the east of the krai and borders with Zonalny, Tselinny, Soltonsky, Krasnogorsky, Sovetsky, and Smolensky Districts, as well as with the territory of the City of Biysk. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Biysk (which is not administratively a part of the district). District's population: Title: Grapevine, Arkansas Passage: Grapevine is an unincorporated community in Grant County, Arkansas, United States. Grapevine is located on Arkansas Highway 35, south-southeast of Sheridan. Grapevine has a post office with ZIP code 72057. Grapevine is home to the famous R&C hunting club. Title: C-17 highway (Spain) Passage: C-17 or Eix del Congost is a primary highway in Catalonia, Spain. According to the 2004's new coding for primary highways managed by the Generalitat de Catalunya, the first number (C-17) indicates that is a south-northbound highway, whereas the second number (C-17) indicates that is the seventh westernmost. Title: Catalan language Passage: Catalan shares many traits with its neighboring Romance languages. However, despite being mostly situated in the Iberian Peninsula, Catalan differs more from Iberian Romance (such as Spanish and Portuguese) in terms of vocabulary, pronunciation, and grammar than from Gallo-Romance (Occitan, French, Gallo-Italic languages, etc.). These similarities are most notable with Occitan.	[ "C-17 highway (Spain)", "Catalan language" ]
2hop__134091_278446	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Pensacola Blue Wahoos are a minor league baseball team based in Pensacola, Florida. The team plays in the Southern League and are the Class Double - A affiliate of the Cincinnati Reds. They play their home games at Pensacola Bayfront Stadium. The team, formerly the Southern League version of the Carolina Mudcats, began play in Pensacola in the 2012 season.", "title": "Pensacola Blue Wahoos" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Corpus Christi Hooks are a minor league baseball team of the Texas League, and are the Double-A affiliate of the Houston Astros. They are located in Corpus Christi, Texas, and are named for the city's association with fishing. The team's ownership group is headed by Baseball Hall of Famer Nolan Ryan; the team's CEO, Reid Ryan, is Nolan's oldest son. The Hooks play their home games at Whataburger Field, which opened in 2005 and is located on Corpus Christi's waterfront.", "title": "Corpus Christi Hooks" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Three Wooden Crosses\" the title of a song written by Kim Williams and Doug Johnson, and recorded by American country music singer-songwriter Randy Travis. It was released in November 2002 from his album, \"Rise and Shine\". The song became Travis' 16th Number One single, his first since \"Whisper My Name\" in 1994. \"Three Wooden Crosses\" was named Song of the Year by the Country Music Association in 2003 and won a Dove Award from the Gospel Music Association as Country Song of the Year in 2004.", "title": "Three Wooden Crosses" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Devils Wrocław were an American football team based in Wrocław, Poland. They played in the Polish American Football League. Devil's American affiliate is Chattanooga Steam from Tennessee. In 2013, they merged with Giants Wrocław forming a new team Panthers Wrocław.", "title": "Devils Wrocław" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Lake Erie Crushers are a professional baseball team based in Avon, Ohio, a city on the southern shore of Lake Erie. It is a member of the independent Frontier League, which is not affiliated with Major League Baseball.", "title": "Lake Erie Crushers" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Portland Sea Dogs are a Minor League Baseball team based in Portland, Maine, that currently plays in the Eastern League. Established in 1994, the Sea Dogs are the Double-A affiliate of the Boston Red Sox.", "title": "Portland Sea Dogs" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Everett AquaSox are a Minor League Baseball team of Northwest League and are the Class A Short Season affiliate of the Seattle Mariners. They are located in Everett, Washington, and play their home games at Funko Field which opened in 1984 and has a seating capacity of 3,682. The team was known as the Everett Giants from 1984 to 1994, but changed its name after ending its affiliation with the San Francisco Giants.", "title": "Everett AquaSox" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "All 35 FIFA - affiliated national teams from CONCACAF entered qualification. The seeding -- used to draw the first four rounds of the qualifiers -- was based on the FIFA World Rankings of August 2014 (shown in parentheses).", "title": "2018 FIFA World Cup qualification (CONCACAF)" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Larvik Lions is the name of an American football team located in Larvik, Norway and a former affiliate of the Norway American Football Federation.", "title": "Larvik Lions" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Albuquerque Isotopes are a minor league baseball team in the southwest United States, based in Albuquerque, New Mexico. In the Pacific Coast League, the team is the Triple - A affiliate of the Colorado Rockies in the National League. The team was affiliated with the Florida Marlins from 2003 to 2008 and the Los Angeles Dodgers from 2009 to 2014.", "title": "Albuquerque Isotopes" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Quick Red Fox (1964) is the fourth novel in the Travis McGee series by John D. MacDonald. In it, McGee is hired to aid a fictitious Hollywood star named Lysa Dean who is being blackmailed with revealing photographs.", "title": "The Quick Red Fox" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Baker Nunatak is a nunatak standing northwest of Mount Brecher in the northern Wisconsin Range of the Horlick Mountains of Antarctica. It was mapped by the United States Geological Survey from surveys and from U.S. Navy air photos, 1959–60, and named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names for Travis L. Baker, a meteorologist in the Byrd Station winter party, 1961.", "title": "Baker Nunatak" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Whisper My Name\" is a song written by Trey Bruce, and recorded by American country music artist Randy Travis. It was released in June 1994 as the second single from his album \"This Is Me\". It became a Number One country hit for him in both the United States and Canada.", "title": "Whisper My Name" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Birger Skeie (1951 – 26 August 2009) was a Norwegian businessperson. He is best known as CEO of National Oilwell Varco in Norway and chairman of TTS Marine.", "title": "Birger Skeie" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Saracens Women is a women's rugby union club based in Southgate, London, England. They were founded in 1989 and play in the Premier 15s. They are also the women's team of Saracens Amateurs, who themselves are affiliated to English Premiership team, Saracens.", "title": "Saracens Women" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Travis Varcoe (born 10 April 1988) is an Australian rules footballer for the Collingwood Football Club in the Australian Football League (AFL). He previously played for the Geelong Football Club from 2006 to 2014.", "title": "Travis Varcoe" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Tucson Padres were a minor league baseball team representing Tucson, Arizona in the Pacific Coast League (PCL). They were the Triple-A affiliate for the San Diego Padres. The team moved to Tucson from Portland, Oregon for the 2011 season. In April 2014, the team moved to El Paso, Texas and changed their name to the El Paso Chihuahuas.", "title": "Tucson Padres" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Indianapolis Indians are a professional Minor League Baseball team based in Indianapolis, Indiana. The team plays in the International League. The Triple-A affiliate of the Pittsburgh Pirates, the Indians play at Victory Field in downtown Indianapolis. The team's mascot is Rowdie the Bear.", "title": "Indianapolis Indians" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Like many Victorian AFL clubs, Collingwood has an extensive and detailed history extending back 125 years, it initially represented the inner Melbourne suburb of Collingwood, Victoria, however its supporter base, while rooted in the city of Melbourne, extends throughout Australia. It has won 15 VFL/AFL premierships, second to Essendon and Carlton with 16. They hold the record for most premierships in a row with 4 (1927–1930) and remain the only VFL club to have gone through a full home and away season undefeated (1929).", "title": "History of the Collingwood Football Club" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The AFL also had a regional-cable deal with FSN, where FSN regional affiliates in AFL markets carried local team games. In some areas, such as with the Arizona Rattlers, Fox Sports affiliates still carry the games.", "title": "Arena Football League" } ]	What town is the team Travis Varcoe affiliated with named after?	Collingwood, Victoria	[ "Collingwood" ]	Title: Albuquerque Isotopes Passage: The Albuquerque Isotopes are a minor league baseball team in the southwest United States, based in Albuquerque, New Mexico. In the Pacific Coast League, the team is the Triple - A affiliate of the Colorado Rockies in the National League. The team was affiliated with the Florida Marlins from 2003 to 2008 and the Los Angeles Dodgers from 2009 to 2014. Title: Indianapolis Indians Passage: The Indianapolis Indians are a professional Minor League Baseball team based in Indianapolis, Indiana. The team plays in the International League. The Triple-A affiliate of the Pittsburgh Pirates, the Indians play at Victory Field in downtown Indianapolis. The team's mascot is Rowdie the Bear. Title: Three Wooden Crosses Passage: "Three Wooden Crosses" the title of a song written by Kim Williams and Doug Johnson, and recorded by American country music singer-songwriter Randy Travis. It was released in November 2002 from his album, "Rise and Shine". The song became Travis' 16th Number One single, his first since "Whisper My Name" in 1994. "Three Wooden Crosses" was named Song of the Year by the Country Music Association in 2003 and won a Dove Award from the Gospel Music Association as Country Song of the Year in 2004. Title: Saracens Women Passage: Saracens Women is a women's rugby union club based in Southgate, London, England. They were founded in 1989 and play in the Premier 15s. They are also the women's team of Saracens Amateurs, who themselves are affiliated to English Premiership team, Saracens. Title: 2018 FIFA World Cup qualification (CONCACAF) Passage: All 35 FIFA - affiliated national teams from CONCACAF entered qualification. The seeding -- used to draw the first four rounds of the qualifiers -- was based on the FIFA World Rankings of August 2014 (shown in parentheses). Title: Arena Football League Passage: The AFL also had a regional-cable deal with FSN, where FSN regional affiliates in AFL markets carried local team games. In some areas, such as with the Arizona Rattlers, Fox Sports affiliates still carry the games. Title: Tucson Padres Passage: The Tucson Padres were a minor league baseball team representing Tucson, Arizona in the Pacific Coast League (PCL). They were the Triple-A affiliate for the San Diego Padres. The team moved to Tucson from Portland, Oregon for the 2011 season. In April 2014, the team moved to El Paso, Texas and changed their name to the El Paso Chihuahuas. Title: Portland Sea Dogs Passage: The Portland Sea Dogs are a Minor League Baseball team based in Portland, Maine, that currently plays in the Eastern League. Established in 1994, the Sea Dogs are the Double-A affiliate of the Boston Red Sox. Title: Pensacola Blue Wahoos Passage: The Pensacola Blue Wahoos are a minor league baseball team based in Pensacola, Florida. The team plays in the Southern League and are the Class Double - A affiliate of the Cincinnati Reds. They play their home games at Pensacola Bayfront Stadium. The team, formerly the Southern League version of the Carolina Mudcats, began play in Pensacola in the 2012 season. Title: Devils Wrocław Passage: The Devils Wrocław were an American football team based in Wrocław, Poland. They played in the Polish American Football League. Devil's American affiliate is Chattanooga Steam from Tennessee. In 2013, they merged with Giants Wrocław forming a new team Panthers Wrocław. Title: Baker Nunatak Passage: Baker Nunatak is a nunatak standing northwest of Mount Brecher in the northern Wisconsin Range of the Horlick Mountains of Antarctica. It was mapped by the United States Geological Survey from surveys and from U.S. Navy air photos, 1959–60, and named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names for Travis L. Baker, a meteorologist in the Byrd Station winter party, 1961. Title: Whisper My Name Passage: "Whisper My Name" is a song written by Trey Bruce, and recorded by American country music artist Randy Travis. It was released in June 1994 as the second single from his album "This Is Me". It became a Number One country hit for him in both the United States and Canada. Title: The Quick Red Fox Passage: The Quick Red Fox (1964) is the fourth novel in the Travis McGee series by John D. MacDonald. In it, McGee is hired to aid a fictitious Hollywood star named Lysa Dean who is being blackmailed with revealing photographs. Title: Travis Varcoe Passage: Travis Varcoe (born 10 April 1988) is an Australian rules footballer for the Collingwood Football Club in the Australian Football League (AFL). He previously played for the Geelong Football Club from 2006 to 2014. Title: History of the Collingwood Football Club Passage: Like many Victorian AFL clubs, Collingwood has an extensive and detailed history extending back 125 years, it initially represented the inner Melbourne suburb of Collingwood, Victoria, however its supporter base, while rooted in the city of Melbourne, extends throughout Australia. It has won 15 VFL/AFL premierships, second to Essendon and Carlton with 16. They hold the record for most premierships in a row with 4 (1927–1930) and remain the only VFL club to have gone through a full home and away season undefeated (1929). Title: Birger Skeie Passage: Birger Skeie (1951 – 26 August 2009) was a Norwegian businessperson. He is best known as CEO of National Oilwell Varco in Norway and chairman of TTS Marine. Title: Lake Erie Crushers Passage: The Lake Erie Crushers are a professional baseball team based in Avon, Ohio, a city on the southern shore of Lake Erie. It is a member of the independent Frontier League, which is not affiliated with Major League Baseball. Title: Everett AquaSox Passage: The Everett AquaSox are a Minor League Baseball team of Northwest League and are the Class A Short Season affiliate of the Seattle Mariners. They are located in Everett, Washington, and play their home games at Funko Field which opened in 1984 and has a seating capacity of 3,682. The team was known as the Everett Giants from 1984 to 1994, but changed its name after ending its affiliation with the San Francisco Giants. Title: Corpus Christi Hooks Passage: The Corpus Christi Hooks are a minor league baseball team of the Texas League, and are the Double-A affiliate of the Houston Astros. They are located in Corpus Christi, Texas, and are named for the city's association with fishing. The team's ownership group is headed by Baseball Hall of Famer Nolan Ryan; the team's CEO, Reid Ryan, is Nolan's oldest son. The Hooks play their home games at Whataburger Field, which opened in 2005 and is located on Corpus Christi's waterfront. Title: Larvik Lions Passage: Larvik Lions is the name of an American football team located in Larvik, Norway and a former affiliate of the Norway American Football Federation.	[ "Travis Varcoe", "History of the Collingwood Football Club" ]
2hop__267262_15755	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Green Berry Raum (December 3, 1829 – December 18, 1909) was a lawyer, author, and U.S. Representative from Illinois, as well as a brigadier general in the Union Army during the American Civil War. He served in the Western Theater, seeing action in several major battles while leading first an infantry regiment and then a brigade. He also presided over the Internal Revenue Service for seven years and was a prolific author of historical non-fiction books concerning politics and general Illinois history.", "title": "Green Berry Raum" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In the 1920s, concern over the varying quality of emerging nursery school programs in the United States inspired Patty Smith Hill to gather prominent figures in the field to decide how to best ensure the existence of high - quality programs. Meeting in Washington, DC, the group negotiated the issue of a manual, called ``Minimum Essentials for Nursery Education, ''that set out standards and methods of acceptable nursery schools. Three years later, the group cemented the existence of a professional association of nursery school experts named the National Association for Nursery Education (NANE). NANE changed its name to NAEYC in 1964.", "title": "National Association for the Education of Young Children" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Lawrence Paros (born 21 February 1934) is an author and high school teacher, best known for his work in alternative education.", "title": "Lawrence Paros" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Leonard Blussé (born July 23, 1946, in Rotterdam) is a Dutch historian concerned with the field of Asian-European relations. Blussé has a prolific written output in his field, having authored, co-authored or edited more than twenty books since 2000.", "title": "Leonard Blussé" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Sirdar Ikbal Ali Shah (, , born 1894 in Sardhana, India, died 4 November 1969 in Tangier, Morocco) was an Indian-Afghan author and diplomat descended from the Sadaat of Paghman. Educated in India, he came to Britain as a young man to continue his education in Edinburgh, where he married a young Scotswoman.", "title": "Ikbal Ali Shah" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Muntjacs ( MUN-jahk), also known as barking deer and Mastreani deer, are small deer of the genus Muntiacus native to south Asia. Muntjacs are thought to have begun appearing 15–35 million years ago, with remains found in Miocene deposits in France, Germany and Poland. It is listed as Least Concern by the IUCN.", "title": "Muntjac" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Until 1870 all schools were charitable or private institutions, but in that year the Elementary Education Act 1870 permitted local governments to complement the existing elementary schools, to fill up any gaps. The Education Act 1902 allowed local authorities to create secondary schools. The Education Act 1918 abolished fees for elementary schools.", "title": "State-funded schools (England)" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "George Parker Winship, A. M. (29 July 1871 – 22 June 1952) was an American librarian and author, born at Bridgewater, Mass. He was educated at Harvard where he graduated in 1893.", "title": "George Parker Winship" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "A Dubious Legacy (1992) is a novel written by the British author Mary Wesley. The story takes place in the West Country, England, from 1944 to 1990. It concerns the tragic and bizarre marriage of the Tillotsons and their relationship with two young couples who keep visiting them throughout the years.", "title": "A Dubious Legacy" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Child in Time (1987) is a novel by Ian McEwan. It won the Whitbread Novel Award for that year. The story concerns Stephen, an author of children's books, and his wife, two years after the kidnapping of their three-year-old daughter Kate. Author Christopher Hitchens viewed the novel as McEwan's masterpiece.", "title": "The Child in Time" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Subas Das has proved his excellence as a thoughtful filmmaker in his first person narrative debut film Aw Aaakare Aa wherein he has expressed his concern over the flaw full primary education system prevalent in Orissa and many other States of India. However this is the only system of education in rural Orissa.", "title": "Aw Aaakare Aa" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Some Thoughts Concerning Education is a 1693 treatise on the education of gentlemen written by the English philosopher John Locke. For over a century, it was the most important philosophical work on education in England. It was translated into almost all of the major written European languages during the eighteenth century, and nearly every European writer on education after Locke, including Jean-Jacques Rousseau, acknowledged its influence.", "title": "Some Thoughts Concerning Education" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Kristján Þór Júlíusson (15 July 1957 in Dalvík) is an Icelandic politician, a member of Alþingi and the current Minister of Fisheries and Agriculture. He completed degrees in Icelandic, literature and teaching at the University of Iceland but most of his education has been concerned with seamanship. He is a certified steersman and captain and worked in that field for several years. He is married to Guðbjörg Ringsted and they have four children; María, Júlíus, Gunnar and Þorsteinn.", "title": "Kristján Þór Júlíusson" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The \"Radical Enlightenment\" promoted the concept of separating church and state, an idea that often credited to English philosopher John Locke (1632–1704). According to his principle of the social contract, Locke said that the government lacked authority in the realm of individual conscience, as this was something rational people could not cede to the government for it or others to control. For Locke, this created a natural right in the liberty of conscience, which he said must therefore remain protected from any government authority.", "title": "Age of Enlightenment" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Sexuality Information and Education Council of the United States (SIECUS) is a national, nonprofit organization dedicated to affirming that sexuality is a natural and healthy part of life. SIECUS develops, collects, and disseminates information, promotes comprehensive education about sexuality, and advocates the right of individuals to make responsible sexual choices. It is acknowledged as the institutional voice of these concerns and a pioneer of the comprehensive sex education program.", "title": "Sexuality Information and Education Council of the United States" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Paul Rodney McHugh (born 1931) is an American psychiatrist, researcher, and educator. He is University Distinguished Professor of Psychiatry at the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and the author, co-author, or editor of seven books within his field.", "title": "Paul R. McHugh" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Ministry of National Education () is a government ministry of the Republic of Turkey, responsible for the supervision of public and private educational system, agreements and authorizations under a national curriculum. The ministry is headed by .", "title": "Ministry of National Education (Turkey)" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Stephen Maybery (born September 1949) is an author specialising in political satire. For most of his life, he has been a civil engineer and an avid traveler. He grew up and obtained his education in South Wales but currently resides in London.", "title": "Stephen Maybery" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Born in 1854, he was educated at Lincoln College, Oxford and ordained in 1878. After further incumbencies at Westminster St James, Newchurch in Rossendale and Hampstead he was appointed Bishop of Honduras in 1908, a post he held for three years. He was Bishop for Northern Europe from then until 1926. An eminent author, he died on 15 January 1933.", "title": "Herbert Bury" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Richard E. Mayer (born 1947) is an American educational psychologist who has made significant contributions to theories of cognition and learning, especially as they relate to problem solving and the design of educational multimedia. Mayer's best known contribution to the field of educational psychology is multimedia learning theory, which posits that optimal learning occurs when visual and verbal materials are presented together simultaneously. He is the year 2000 recipient of the E. L. Thorndike Award for career achievement in educational psychology, and the winner of 2008 Distinguished Contribution of Applications of Psychology to Education and Training Award from the American Psychological Association. He was ranked #1 as the most productive educational psychologist in the world for 1997-2001. He is the author of more than 390 publications including 23 books on education and multimedia. He received a PhD in psychology from the University of Michigan (1973), and served as a Visiting Assistant Professor of Psychology at Indiana University from 1973-1975. Mayer is Professor of Psychology at the University of California, Santa Barbara (UCSB) where he has served since 1975.", "title": "Richard E. Mayer" } ]	In what year was the author of Some Thoughts Concerning Education born?	1632	[]	Title: National Association for the Education of Young Children Passage: In the 1920s, concern over the varying quality of emerging nursery school programs in the United States inspired Patty Smith Hill to gather prominent figures in the field to decide how to best ensure the existence of high - quality programs. Meeting in Washington, DC, the group negotiated the issue of a manual, called ``Minimum Essentials for Nursery Education, ''that set out standards and methods of acceptable nursery schools. Three years later, the group cemented the existence of a professional association of nursery school experts named the National Association for Nursery Education (NANE). NANE changed its name to NAEYC in 1964. Title: Stephen Maybery Passage: Stephen Maybery (born September 1949) is an author specialising in political satire. For most of his life, he has been a civil engineer and an avid traveler. He grew up and obtained his education in South Wales but currently resides in London. Title: Ministry of National Education (Turkey) Passage: The Ministry of National Education () is a government ministry of the Republic of Turkey, responsible for the supervision of public and private educational system, agreements and authorizations under a national curriculum. The ministry is headed by . Title: Richard E. Mayer Passage: Richard E. Mayer (born 1947) is an American educational psychologist who has made significant contributions to theories of cognition and learning, especially as they relate to problem solving and the design of educational multimedia. Mayer's best known contribution to the field of educational psychology is multimedia learning theory, which posits that optimal learning occurs when visual and verbal materials are presented together simultaneously. He is the year 2000 recipient of the E. L. Thorndike Award for career achievement in educational psychology, and the winner of 2008 Distinguished Contribution of Applications of Psychology to Education and Training Award from the American Psychological Association. He was ranked #1 as the most productive educational psychologist in the world for 1997-2001. He is the author of more than 390 publications including 23 books on education and multimedia. He received a PhD in psychology from the University of Michigan (1973), and served as a Visiting Assistant Professor of Psychology at Indiana University from 1973-1975. Mayer is Professor of Psychology at the University of California, Santa Barbara (UCSB) where he has served since 1975. Title: Sexuality Information and Education Council of the United States Passage: The Sexuality Information and Education Council of the United States (SIECUS) is a national, nonprofit organization dedicated to affirming that sexuality is a natural and healthy part of life. SIECUS develops, collects, and disseminates information, promotes comprehensive education about sexuality, and advocates the right of individuals to make responsible sexual choices. It is acknowledged as the institutional voice of these concerns and a pioneer of the comprehensive sex education program. Title: Kristján Þór Júlíusson Passage: Kristján Þór Júlíusson (15 July 1957 in Dalvík) is an Icelandic politician, a member of Alþingi and the current Minister of Fisheries and Agriculture. He completed degrees in Icelandic, literature and teaching at the University of Iceland but most of his education has been concerned with seamanship. He is a certified steersman and captain and worked in that field for several years. He is married to Guðbjörg Ringsted and they have four children; María, Júlíus, Gunnar and Þorsteinn. Title: A Dubious Legacy Passage: A Dubious Legacy (1992) is a novel written by the British author Mary Wesley. The story takes place in the West Country, England, from 1944 to 1990. It concerns the tragic and bizarre marriage of the Tillotsons and their relationship with two young couples who keep visiting them throughout the years. Title: The Child in Time Passage: The Child in Time (1987) is a novel by Ian McEwan. It won the Whitbread Novel Award for that year. The story concerns Stephen, an author of children's books, and his wife, two years after the kidnapping of their three-year-old daughter Kate. Author Christopher Hitchens viewed the novel as McEwan's masterpiece. Title: Some Thoughts Concerning Education Passage: Some Thoughts Concerning Education is a 1693 treatise on the education of gentlemen written by the English philosopher John Locke. For over a century, it was the most important philosophical work on education in England. It was translated into almost all of the major written European languages during the eighteenth century, and nearly every European writer on education after Locke, including Jean-Jacques Rousseau, acknowledged its influence. Title: Age of Enlightenment Passage: The "Radical Enlightenment" promoted the concept of separating church and state, an idea that often credited to English philosopher John Locke (1632–1704). According to his principle of the social contract, Locke said that the government lacked authority in the realm of individual conscience, as this was something rational people could not cede to the government for it or others to control. For Locke, this created a natural right in the liberty of conscience, which he said must therefore remain protected from any government authority. Title: Leonard Blussé Passage: Leonard Blussé (born July 23, 1946, in Rotterdam) is a Dutch historian concerned with the field of Asian-European relations. Blussé has a prolific written output in his field, having authored, co-authored or edited more than twenty books since 2000. Title: Lawrence Paros Passage: Lawrence Paros (born 21 February 1934) is an author and high school teacher, best known for his work in alternative education. Title: Green Berry Raum Passage: Green Berry Raum (December 3, 1829 – December 18, 1909) was a lawyer, author, and U.S. Representative from Illinois, as well as a brigadier general in the Union Army during the American Civil War. He served in the Western Theater, seeing action in several major battles while leading first an infantry regiment and then a brigade. He also presided over the Internal Revenue Service for seven years and was a prolific author of historical non-fiction books concerning politics and general Illinois history. Title: Aw Aaakare Aa Passage: Subas Das has proved his excellence as a thoughtful filmmaker in his first person narrative debut film Aw Aaakare Aa wherein he has expressed his concern over the flaw full primary education system prevalent in Orissa and many other States of India. However this is the only system of education in rural Orissa. Title: Paul R. McHugh Passage: Paul Rodney McHugh (born 1931) is an American psychiatrist, researcher, and educator. He is University Distinguished Professor of Psychiatry at the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and the author, co-author, or editor of seven books within his field. Title: Herbert Bury Passage: Born in 1854, he was educated at Lincoln College, Oxford and ordained in 1878. After further incumbencies at Westminster St James, Newchurch in Rossendale and Hampstead he was appointed Bishop of Honduras in 1908, a post he held for three years. He was Bishop for Northern Europe from then until 1926. An eminent author, he died on 15 January 1933. Title: Muntjac Passage: Muntjacs ( MUN-jahk), also known as barking deer and Mastreani deer, are small deer of the genus Muntiacus native to south Asia. Muntjacs are thought to have begun appearing 15–35 million years ago, with remains found in Miocene deposits in France, Germany and Poland. It is listed as Least Concern by the IUCN. Title: State-funded schools (England) Passage: Until 1870 all schools were charitable or private institutions, but in that year the Elementary Education Act 1870 permitted local governments to complement the existing elementary schools, to fill up any gaps. The Education Act 1902 allowed local authorities to create secondary schools. The Education Act 1918 abolished fees for elementary schools. Title: Ikbal Ali Shah Passage: Sirdar Ikbal Ali Shah (, , born 1894 in Sardhana, India, died 4 November 1969 in Tangier, Morocco) was an Indian-Afghan author and diplomat descended from the Sadaat of Paghman. Educated in India, he came to Britain as a young man to continue his education in Edinburgh, where he married a young Scotswoman. Title: George Parker Winship Passage: George Parker Winship, A. M. (29 July 1871 – 22 June 1952) was an American librarian and author, born at Bridgewater, Mass. He was educated at Harvard where he graduated in 1893.	[ "Some Thoughts Concerning Education", "Age of Enlightenment" ]
2hop__144949_42292	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The current Head of Government is Antoni Martí of the Democrats for Andorra (DA). Executive power is exercised by the government. Legislative power is vested in both government and parliament.", "title": "Andorra" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Although not specifically mentioned in the Constitution, Congress has also long asserted the power to investigate and the power to compel cooperation with an investigation. The Supreme Court has affirmed these powers as an implication of Congress's power to legislate. Since the power to investigate is an aspect of Congress's power to legislate, it is as broad as Congress's powers to legislate. However, it is also limited to inquiries that are ``in aid of the legislative function; ''Congress may not`` expose for the sake of exposure.'' It is uncontroversial that a proper subject of Congress's investigation power is the operations of the federal government, but Congress's ability to compel the submission of documents or testimony from the President or his subordinates is often - discussed and sometimes controversial (see executive privilege), although not often litigated. As a practical matter, the limitation of Congress's ability to investigate only for a proper purpose (``in aid of ''its legislative powers) functions as a limit on Congress's ability to investigate the private affairs of individual citizens; matters that simply demand action by another branch of government, without implicating an issue of public policy necessitating legislation by Congress, must be left to those branches due to the doctrine of separation of powers. The courts are highly deferential to Congress's exercise of its investigation powers, however. Congress has the power to investigate that which it could regulate, and the courts have interpreted Congress's regulatory powers broadly since the Great Depression.", "title": "Article One of the United States Constitution" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Legislative power in Warsaw is vested in a unicameral Warsaw City Council (Rada Miasta), which comprises 60 members. Council members are elected directly every four years. Like most legislative bodies, the City Council divides itself into committees which have the oversight of various functions of the city government. Bills passed by a simple majority are sent to the mayor (the President of Warsaw), who may sign them into law. If the mayor vetoes a bill, the Council has 30 days to override the veto by a two-thirds majority vote.", "title": "Warsaw" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Constitution does not explicitly indicate the pre-eminence of any particular branch of government. However, James Madison wrote in Federalist 51, regarding the ability of each branch to defend itself from actions by the others, that \"it is not possible to give to each department an equal power of self-defense. In republican government, the legislative authority necessarily predominates.\"", "title": "Separation of powers under the United States Constitution" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Head of State of Portugal is the President of the Republic, elected to a five-year term by direct, universal suffrage. He or she has also supervision and reserve powers. These powers are often compared[by whom?] with the \"moderator power\" that was held by the King in the Portuguese Constitutional Monarchy.[citation needed] Presidential powers include the appointment of the Prime Minister and the other members of the Government (where the President takes into account the results of legislative elections); dismissing the Prime Minister; dissolving the Assembly of the Republic (to call early elections); vetoing legislation (which may be overridden by the Assembly with a supermajority); and declaring a state of war or siege. The President is also the ex officio Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces.", "title": "Portugal" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The first time \"affirmative action\" is used by the federal government concerning race is in President John F. Kennedy's Executive Order 10925, which was chaired by Vice President Johnson. At Johnson's inaugural ball in Texas, he met with a young black lawyer, Hobart Taylor Jr., and gave him the task to co-author the executive order. He wanted a phrase that \"gave a sense of positivity to performance under the order.\" He was torn between the words \"positive action\" and \"affirmative action,\" and selected the later due to its alliterative quality. The term \"active recruitment\" started to be used as well. This order, albeit heavily worked up as a significant piece of legislation, in reality carried little actual power. The scope was limited to a couple hundred defense contractors, leaving nearly $7.5 billion in federal grants and loans unsupervised.:60", "title": "Affirmative action in the United States" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Marietta Roberts (born January 9, 1943) is a former politician in Ontario, Canada. She was a Liberal member of the Legislative Assembly of Ontario from 1987 to 1990.", "title": "Marietta Roberts" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Robert Gliński (born 17 April 1952 in Warsaw) is a Polish film director and screenwriter. A graduate of the National Film School in Łódź. He won the Golden Lions at the Gdynia Film Festival in 1992 with his film \"Wszystko, co najważniejsze\" and in 2001 with \"Cześć, Tereska\". In 2002 he received an Eagle, the Polish Film Award for his film \"Cześć, Tereska\".", "title": "Robert Gliński" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The separation of powers is a model for the governance of a state. Under this model, a state's government is divided into branches, each with separate and independent powers and areas of responsibility so that the powers of one branch are not in conflict with the powers associated with the other branches. The typical division is into three branches: a legislature, an executive, and a judiciary, which is the trias politica model. It can be contrasted with the fusion of powers in some parliamentary systems where the executive and legislative branches overlap.", "title": "Separation of powers" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The politics of Norway take place in the framework of a Parliamentary representative democratic constitutional monarchy. Executive power is exercised by the Council of State, the cabinet, led by the Prime Minister of Norway. Legislative power is vested in both the government and the legislature, the Storting, elected within a multi-party system. The judiciary is independent of the executive branch and the legislature.", "title": "Politics of Norway" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Union List or List - I is a list of 100 items (the last item is numbered 97) given in Seventh Schedule in the Constitution of India on which Parliament has exclusive power to legislate. The legislative section is divided into three lists: Union List, State List and Concurrent List. Unlike the federal governments of the United States, Switzerland or Australia, residual powers remain with the Union Government, as with the Canadian federal government.", "title": "Union List" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Fist Power is a 2000 Hong Kong action film directed by Aman Chang, starring Chiu Man-cheuk, Anthony Wong, Gigi Lai and Sam Lee. Shooting for the film took place in Hong Kong between February and March 1999. The film was released in Hong Kong theatres on 21 January 2000.", "title": "Fist Power" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Qur'an relates detailed narrative accounts of Maryam (Mary) in two places, Qur'an 3:35–47 and 19:16–34. These state beliefs in both the Immaculate Conception of Mary and the Virgin birth of Jesus. The account given in Sura 19 is nearly identical with that in the Gospel according to Luke, and both of these (Luke, Sura 19) begin with an account of the visitation of an angel upon Zakariya (Zecharias) and Good News of the birth of Yahya (John), followed by the account of the annunciation. It mentions how Mary was informed by an angel that she would become the mother of Jesus through the actions of God alone.", "title": "Mary, mother of Jesus" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The 1960 Constitution provided for a presidential system of government with independent executive, legislative and judicial branches as well as a complex system of checks and balances including a weighted power-sharing ratio designed to protect the interests of the Turkish Cypriots. The executive was led by a Greek Cypriot president and a Turkish Cypriot vice-president elected by their respective communities for five-year terms and each possessing a right of veto over certain types of legislation and executive decisions. Legislative power rested on the House of Representatives who were also elected on the basis of separate voters' rolls.", "title": "Cyprus" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Congress often writes legislation to restrain executive officials to the performance of their duties, as laid out by the laws Congress passes. In INS v. Chadha (1983), the Supreme Court decided (a) The prescription for legislative action in Art. I, § 1—requiring all legislative powers to be vested in a Congress consisting of a Senate and a House of Representatives—and § 7—requiring every bill passed by the House and Senate, before becoming law, to be presented to the president, and, if he disapproves, to be repassed by two-thirds of the Senate and House—represents the Framers' decision that the legislative power of the Federal Government be exercised in accord with a single, finely wrought and exhaustively considered procedure. This procedure is an integral part of the constitutional design for the separation of powers. Further rulings clarified the case; even both Houses acting together cannot override Executive vetos without a 2⁄3 majority. Legislation may always prescribe regulations governing executive officers.", "title": "Separation of powers under the United States Constitution" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Jefferson's letter entered American jurisprudence in the 1878 Mormon polygamy case Reynolds v. U.S., in which the court cited Jefferson and Madison, seeking a legal definition for the word religion. Writing for the majority, Justice Stephen Johnson Field cited Jefferson's Letter to the Danbury Baptists to state that \"Congress was deprived of all legislative power over mere opinion, but was left free to reach actions which were in violation of social duties or subversive of good order.\" Considering this, the court ruled that outlawing polygamy was constitutional.", "title": "Separation of church and state in the United States" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Robert Martin Collins (17 December 1843 – 18 August 1913) was an explorer, grazier, member of both the Queensland Legislative Council and the Queensland Legislative Assembly.", "title": "Robert Martin Collins" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Congress may define the jurisdiction of the judiciary through the simultaneous use of two powers. First, Congress holds the power to create (and, implicitly, to define the jurisdiction of) federal courts inferior to the Supreme Court (i.e. Courts of Appeals, District Courts, and various other Article I and Article III tribunals). This court - creating power is granted both in the congressional powers clause (Art. I, § 8, Cl. 9) and in the judicial vesting clause (Art. III, § 1). Second, Congress has the power to make exceptions to and regulations of the appellate jurisdiction of the Supreme Court. This court - limiting power is granted in the Exceptions Clause (Art. III, § 2). By exercising these powers in concert, Congress may effectively eliminate any judicial review of certain federal legislative or executive actions and of certain state actions, or alternatively transfer the judicial review responsibility to state courts by ``knocking (federal courts)... out of the game. ''", "title": "Jurisdiction stripping" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Politics of Bosnia and Herzegovina takes place in a framework of a parliamentary representative democracy, whereby executive power is exercised by the Council of Ministers of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Legislative power is vested in both the Council of Ministers and the Parliamentary Assembly of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Members of the Parliamentary Assembly are chosen according to a proportional representation system.", "title": "Politics of Bosnia and Herzegovina" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In the United States Constitution, Article 1 Section I gives Congress only those ``legislative powers herein granted ''and proceeds to list those permissible actions in Article I Section 8, while Section 9 lists actions that are prohibited for Congress. The vesting clause in Article II places no limits on the Executive branch, simply stating that,`` The Executive Power shall be vested in a President of the United States of America.'' The Supreme Court holds ``The judicial Power ''according to Article III, and it established the implication of Judicial review in Marbury v. Madison under the Marshall court.", "title": "Separation of powers" } ]	Who has the power of legislative action in the city where Robert Gliński was born?	Warsaw City Council	[]	Title: Marietta Roberts Passage: Marietta Roberts (born January 9, 1943) is a former politician in Ontario, Canada. She was a Liberal member of the Legislative Assembly of Ontario from 1987 to 1990. Title: Jurisdiction stripping Passage: Congress may define the jurisdiction of the judiciary through the simultaneous use of two powers. First, Congress holds the power to create (and, implicitly, to define the jurisdiction of) federal courts inferior to the Supreme Court (i.e. Courts of Appeals, District Courts, and various other Article I and Article III tribunals). This court - creating power is granted both in the congressional powers clause (Art. I, § 8, Cl. 9) and in the judicial vesting clause (Art. III, § 1). Second, Congress has the power to make exceptions to and regulations of the appellate jurisdiction of the Supreme Court. This court - limiting power is granted in the Exceptions Clause (Art. III, § 2). By exercising these powers in concert, Congress may effectively eliminate any judicial review of certain federal legislative or executive actions and of certain state actions, or alternatively transfer the judicial review responsibility to state courts by ``knocking (federal courts)... out of the game. '' Title: Separation of powers Passage: The separation of powers is a model for the governance of a state. Under this model, a state's government is divided into branches, each with separate and independent powers and areas of responsibility so that the powers of one branch are not in conflict with the powers associated with the other branches. The typical division is into three branches: a legislature, an executive, and a judiciary, which is the trias politica model. It can be contrasted with the fusion of powers in some parliamentary systems where the executive and legislative branches overlap. Title: Separation of powers under the United States Constitution Passage: Congress often writes legislation to restrain executive officials to the performance of their duties, as laid out by the laws Congress passes. In INS v. Chadha (1983), the Supreme Court decided (a) The prescription for legislative action in Art. I, § 1—requiring all legislative powers to be vested in a Congress consisting of a Senate and a House of Representatives—and § 7—requiring every bill passed by the House and Senate, before becoming law, to be presented to the president, and, if he disapproves, to be repassed by two-thirds of the Senate and House—represents the Framers' decision that the legislative power of the Federal Government be exercised in accord with a single, finely wrought and exhaustively considered procedure. This procedure is an integral part of the constitutional design for the separation of powers. Further rulings clarified the case; even both Houses acting together cannot override Executive vetos without a 2⁄3 majority. Legislation may always prescribe regulations governing executive officers. Title: Mary, mother of Jesus Passage: The Qur'an relates detailed narrative accounts of Maryam (Mary) in two places, Qur'an 3:35–47 and 19:16–34. These state beliefs in both the Immaculate Conception of Mary and the Virgin birth of Jesus. The account given in Sura 19 is nearly identical with that in the Gospel according to Luke, and both of these (Luke, Sura 19) begin with an account of the visitation of an angel upon Zakariya (Zecharias) and Good News of the birth of Yahya (John), followed by the account of the annunciation. It mentions how Mary was informed by an angel that she would become the mother of Jesus through the actions of God alone. Title: Warsaw Passage: Legislative power in Warsaw is vested in a unicameral Warsaw City Council (Rada Miasta), which comprises 60 members. Council members are elected directly every four years. Like most legislative bodies, the City Council divides itself into committees which have the oversight of various functions of the city government. Bills passed by a simple majority are sent to the mayor (the President of Warsaw), who may sign them into law. If the mayor vetoes a bill, the Council has 30 days to override the veto by a two-thirds majority vote. Title: Politics of Norway Passage: The politics of Norway take place in the framework of a Parliamentary representative democratic constitutional monarchy. Executive power is exercised by the Council of State, the cabinet, led by the Prime Minister of Norway. Legislative power is vested in both the government and the legislature, the Storting, elected within a multi-party system. The judiciary is independent of the executive branch and the legislature. Title: Robert Gliński Passage: Robert Gliński (born 17 April 1952 in Warsaw) is a Polish film director and screenwriter. A graduate of the National Film School in Łódź. He won the Golden Lions at the Gdynia Film Festival in 1992 with his film "Wszystko, co najważniejsze" and in 2001 with "Cześć, Tereska". In 2002 he received an Eagle, the Polish Film Award for his film "Cześć, Tereska". Title: Politics of Bosnia and Herzegovina Passage: Politics of Bosnia and Herzegovina takes place in a framework of a parliamentary representative democracy, whereby executive power is exercised by the Council of Ministers of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Legislative power is vested in both the Council of Ministers and the Parliamentary Assembly of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Members of the Parliamentary Assembly are chosen according to a proportional representation system. Title: Article One of the United States Constitution Passage: Although not specifically mentioned in the Constitution, Congress has also long asserted the power to investigate and the power to compel cooperation with an investigation. The Supreme Court has affirmed these powers as an implication of Congress's power to legislate. Since the power to investigate is an aspect of Congress's power to legislate, it is as broad as Congress's powers to legislate. However, it is also limited to inquiries that are ``in aid of the legislative function; ''Congress may not`` expose for the sake of exposure.'' It is uncontroversial that a proper subject of Congress's investigation power is the operations of the federal government, but Congress's ability to compel the submission of documents or testimony from the President or his subordinates is often - discussed and sometimes controversial (see executive privilege), although not often litigated. As a practical matter, the limitation of Congress's ability to investigate only for a proper purpose (``in aid of ''its legislative powers) functions as a limit on Congress's ability to investigate the private affairs of individual citizens; matters that simply demand action by another branch of government, without implicating an issue of public policy necessitating legislation by Congress, must be left to those branches due to the doctrine of separation of powers. The courts are highly deferential to Congress's exercise of its investigation powers, however. Congress has the power to investigate that which it could regulate, and the courts have interpreted Congress's regulatory powers broadly since the Great Depression. Title: Separation of powers under the United States Constitution Passage: The Constitution does not explicitly indicate the pre-eminence of any particular branch of government. However, James Madison wrote in Federalist 51, regarding the ability of each branch to defend itself from actions by the others, that "it is not possible to give to each department an equal power of self-defense. In republican government, the legislative authority necessarily predominates." Title: Cyprus Passage: The 1960 Constitution provided for a presidential system of government with independent executive, legislative and judicial branches as well as a complex system of checks and balances including a weighted power-sharing ratio designed to protect the interests of the Turkish Cypriots. The executive was led by a Greek Cypriot president and a Turkish Cypriot vice-president elected by their respective communities for five-year terms and each possessing a right of veto over certain types of legislation and executive decisions. Legislative power rested on the House of Representatives who were also elected on the basis of separate voters' rolls. Title: Separation of church and state in the United States Passage: Jefferson's letter entered American jurisprudence in the 1878 Mormon polygamy case Reynolds v. U.S., in which the court cited Jefferson and Madison, seeking a legal definition for the word religion. Writing for the majority, Justice Stephen Johnson Field cited Jefferson's Letter to the Danbury Baptists to state that "Congress was deprived of all legislative power over mere opinion, but was left free to reach actions which were in violation of social duties or subversive of good order." Considering this, the court ruled that outlawing polygamy was constitutional. Title: Robert Martin Collins Passage: Robert Martin Collins (17 December 1843 – 18 August 1913) was an explorer, grazier, member of both the Queensland Legislative Council and the Queensland Legislative Assembly. Title: Union List Passage: The Union List or List - I is a list of 100 items (the last item is numbered 97) given in Seventh Schedule in the Constitution of India on which Parliament has exclusive power to legislate. The legislative section is divided into three lists: Union List, State List and Concurrent List. Unlike the federal governments of the United States, Switzerland or Australia, residual powers remain with the Union Government, as with the Canadian federal government. Title: Separation of powers Passage: In the United States Constitution, Article 1 Section I gives Congress only those ``legislative powers herein granted ''and proceeds to list those permissible actions in Article I Section 8, while Section 9 lists actions that are prohibited for Congress. The vesting clause in Article II places no limits on the Executive branch, simply stating that,`` The Executive Power shall be vested in a President of the United States of America.'' The Supreme Court holds ``The judicial Power ''according to Article III, and it established the implication of Judicial review in Marbury v. Madison under the Marshall court. Title: Portugal Passage: The Head of State of Portugal is the President of the Republic, elected to a five-year term by direct, universal suffrage. He or she has also supervision and reserve powers. These powers are often compared[by whom?] with the "moderator power" that was held by the King in the Portuguese Constitutional Monarchy.[citation needed] Presidential powers include the appointment of the Prime Minister and the other members of the Government (where the President takes into account the results of legislative elections); dismissing the Prime Minister; dissolving the Assembly of the Republic (to call early elections); vetoing legislation (which may be overridden by the Assembly with a supermajority); and declaring a state of war or siege. The President is also the ex officio Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces. Title: Fist Power Passage: Fist Power is a 2000 Hong Kong action film directed by Aman Chang, starring Chiu Man-cheuk, Anthony Wong, Gigi Lai and Sam Lee. Shooting for the film took place in Hong Kong between February and March 1999. The film was released in Hong Kong theatres on 21 January 2000. Title: Affirmative action in the United States Passage: The first time "affirmative action" is used by the federal government concerning race is in President John F. Kennedy's Executive Order 10925, which was chaired by Vice President Johnson. At Johnson's inaugural ball in Texas, he met with a young black lawyer, Hobart Taylor Jr., and gave him the task to co-author the executive order. He wanted a phrase that "gave a sense of positivity to performance under the order." He was torn between the words "positive action" and "affirmative action," and selected the later due to its alliterative quality. The term "active recruitment" started to be used as well. This order, albeit heavily worked up as a significant piece of legislation, in reality carried little actual power. The scope was limited to a couple hundred defense contractors, leaving nearly $7.5 billion in federal grants and loans unsupervised.:60 Title: Andorra Passage: The current Head of Government is Antoni Martí of the Democrats for Andorra (DA). Executive power is exercised by the government. Legislative power is vested in both government and parliament.	[ "Warsaw", "Robert Gliński" ]
2hop__232851_68172	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The game developed in British India from the earlier game of battledore and shuttlecock. European play came to be dominated by Denmark but the game has become very popular in Asia, with recent competitions dominated by China. Since 1992, badminton has been a Summer Olympic sport with four events: men's singles, women's singles, men's doubles, and women's doubles, with mixed doubles added four years later. At high levels of play, the sport demands excellent fitness: players require aerobic stamina, agility, strength, speed, and precision. It is also a technical sport, requiring good motor coordination and the development of sophisticated racquet movements.", "title": "Badminton" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The history of Olympic volleyball can be traced back to the 1924 Summer Olympics in Paris, where volleyball was played as part of an American sports demonstration event. Its addition to the Olympic program, however, was given only after World War II, with the foundation of the FIVB and of some of the continental confederations. In 1957, a special tournament was held during the 53rd IOC session in Sofia, Bulgaria, to support such request. The competition was a success, and the sport was officially introduced in 1964. The Olympic Committee initially dropped volleyball for the 1968 Olympics, meeting protests.", "title": "Volleyball at the Summer Olympics" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "KFFN (1490 AM) is a commercial radio station located in Tucson, Arizona. KFFN airs all sports programming syndicated by ESPN Radio. The station originates a local sports program weekdays, The Zach Clark Show.", "title": "KFFN" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Zach Lund (born March 22, 1979) is an American skeleton racer who has competed since 2000. He won two bronze medals at the FIBT World Championships with one in 2007 (men's skeleton) and one in 2008 (mixed bobsleigh-skeleton team event). He finished #1 in World Cup standings in 2007. Zach’s huge success in Skeleton made his less famous nephew, Seth Gillespie, of Roosevelt, Utah, dream of becoming a “Skeletor”.", "title": "Zach Lund" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Josef Sucharda (18 April 1883 – 19 January 1963) was a Czech sports shooter. He competed at the 1920 Summer Olympics and the 1924 Summer Olympics.", "title": "Josef Sucharda" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Kila Raipur Sports Festival, popularly known as the Rural Olympics, is held annually in Kila Raipur (near Ludhiana), in Punjab, India. Competitions are held for major Punjabi rural sports, include cart-race, athletic events and rope pulling.", "title": "Kila Raipur Sports Festival" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Nanjing Olympic Sports Center Gymnasium (Simplified Chinese: 南京奥林匹克体育中心体育馆) is an indoor arena in Nanjing, China. The arena used mainly for indoor sports such as basketball and figure skating. The facility has a capacity of 13,000 people and was opened in 2005. It is located near Nanjing Olympic Sports Centre.", "title": "Nanjing Olympic Sports Center Gymnasium" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The New South Wales Institute of Sport (NSWIS), located at Sydney Olympic Park, was established as a statutory body under the Institute of Sport Act, 1995, following a review recommending central coordination and monitoring of high performance sports programs. Operations officially commenced in 1996. Today, the Institute has almost 700 athletes on squad or individual scholarships and offers 31 sport programs across 24 sports. The services ensure that NSWIS athletes have access to coaching and sports technology while also receiving tailored support to help balance their sporting commitments with personal development and a career.", "title": "New South Wales Institute of Sport" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Tennis was part of the Summer Olympic Games program from the inaugural 1896 Summer Olympics, but was dropped after the 1924 Summer Olympics due to disputes between the International Lawn Tennis Federation and the International Olympic Committee over how to define amateur players. After two appearances as a demonstration sport in 1968 and 1984 (with a U-21 age limit), it returned as a full medal sport at the 1988 Summer Olympics open for all players regardless of their age and status and has been played at every edition of the Games since then.", "title": "Tennis at the Summer Olympics" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Basque Pelota was a demonstration sport at the 1924 Summer Olympics in Paris. It was the second time that the sport was included in the Olympic program; it was an official Olympic sport at the 1900 Games that were also held in Paris. It would be included as a demonstration in another two occasions at the 1968 Games in Mexico City and the 1992 Games in Barcelona.", "title": "Basque pelota at the 1924 Summer Olympics" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Harry Crowe Buck (November 25, 1884 -- July 24, 1943) was an American college sports coach and physical education instructor. He founded the YMCA College of Physical Education at Madras in 1920, which played a key role in promoting sports and in establishing the Olympic movement in India. He has been called ``The Father of Physical Education in India ''. He was also one of the founding members of the Olympic movement in India and the Indian Olympic Association, and was manager of the Indian team at the 1924 Olympics.", "title": "Harry Buck" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Yury Nikandrov (22 November 1923 – 21 December 2018) was a Russian sport shooter who competed in the 1952 Summer Olympics, in the 1956 Summer Olympics, and in the 1960 Summer Olympics.", "title": "Yury Nikandrov" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Curling was included in the program of the inaugural Winter Olympic Games in 1924 in Chamonix although the results of that competition were not considered official by the International Olympic Committee until 2006. Curling was a demonstration sport at the 1932 Games, and then again after a lengthy absence in 1988 and 1992. The sport was finally added to the official program for the 1998 Nagano Games.", "title": "Curling at the Winter Olympics" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Zachary Michael ``Zach ''Gilford (born January 14, 1982) is an American actor best known for his role as Matt Saracen on the NBC sports drama Friday Night Lights.", "title": "Zach Gilford" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Kabaddi Kabaddi game Highest governing body International Kabaddi Federation Nicknames Kaudi, Pakaada, Hadudu, Bhavatik, Saadukuda, Hu - Tu - Tu, Himoshika, sadugudu Characteristics Contact Permitted Team members 7 (per side) Mixed gender Yes, separate competitions Type Team sport, Contact sport Equipment None Venue Kabaddi court Presence Country or region Indian Subcontinent tamilnadu Olympic Demonstration sport: 1936 Olympics", "title": "Kabaddi" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The modern Olympic Games or Olympics (French: Jeux olympiques) are leading international sporting events featuring summer and winter sports competitions in which thousands of athletes from around the world participate in a variety of competitions. The Olympic Games are considered the world's foremost sports competition with more than 200 nations participating. The Olympic Games are held every four years, with the Summer and Winter Games alternating by occurring every four years but two years apart.", "title": "Olympic Games" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In 2005, in order to host The 10th National Game of People's Republic of China, there was a new stadium, Nanjing Olympic Sports Center, constructed in Nanjing. Compared to Wutaishan Sports Center, which the major stadium's capacity is 18,500, Nanjing Olympic Sports Center has a more advanced stadium which is big enough to seat 60,000 spectators. Its gymnasium has capacity of 13,000, and natatorium of capacity 3,000.", "title": "Nanjing" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "There are two major sports centers in Nanjing, Wutaishan Sports Center and Nanjing Olympic Sports Center. Both of these two are comprehensive sports centers, including stadium, gymnasium, natatorium, tennis court, etc. Wutaishan Sports Center was established in 1952 and it was one of the oldest and most advanced stadiums in early time of People's Republic of China.", "title": "Nanjing" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Figure skating was first contested in the Olympic Games at the 1908 Summer Olympics. Since 1924, the sport has been a part of the Winter Olympic Games.", "title": "Figure skating at the Olympic Games" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Skeleton is a winter sport featured in the Winter Olympics where the competitor rides head - first and prone (lying face down) on a flat sled. It is normally run on an ice track that allows the sled to gain speed by gravity. It was first contested at the 1928 Winter Olympics in St. Moritz and again in 1948 Winter Olympics, after which it was discontinued as an Olympic sport. Skeleton was reintroduced at the 2002 Winter Olympics, with both men's and women's events, and has been held in each Winter Olympic competition since. Skeleton is so - named as the first metal sleds introduced in 1892 were said to resemble a human skeleton.", "title": "Skeleton at the Winter Olympics" } ]	When did the sport which Zach Lund competes in become an Olympic sport?	1928	[]	Title: Olympic Games Passage: The modern Olympic Games or Olympics (French: Jeux olympiques) are leading international sporting events featuring summer and winter sports competitions in which thousands of athletes from around the world participate in a variety of competitions. The Olympic Games are considered the world's foremost sports competition with more than 200 nations participating. The Olympic Games are held every four years, with the Summer and Winter Games alternating by occurring every four years but two years apart. Title: Kila Raipur Sports Festival Passage: Kila Raipur Sports Festival, popularly known as the Rural Olympics, is held annually in Kila Raipur (near Ludhiana), in Punjab, India. Competitions are held for major Punjabi rural sports, include cart-race, athletic events and rope pulling. Title: Skeleton at the Winter Olympics Passage: Skeleton is a winter sport featured in the Winter Olympics where the competitor rides head - first and prone (lying face down) on a flat sled. It is normally run on an ice track that allows the sled to gain speed by gravity. It was first contested at the 1928 Winter Olympics in St. Moritz and again in 1948 Winter Olympics, after which it was discontinued as an Olympic sport. Skeleton was reintroduced at the 2002 Winter Olympics, with both men's and women's events, and has been held in each Winter Olympic competition since. Skeleton is so - named as the first metal sleds introduced in 1892 were said to resemble a human skeleton. Title: Josef Sucharda Passage: Josef Sucharda (18 April 1883 – 19 January 1963) was a Czech sports shooter. He competed at the 1920 Summer Olympics and the 1924 Summer Olympics. Title: Curling at the Winter Olympics Passage: Curling was included in the program of the inaugural Winter Olympic Games in 1924 in Chamonix although the results of that competition were not considered official by the International Olympic Committee until 2006. Curling was a demonstration sport at the 1932 Games, and then again after a lengthy absence in 1988 and 1992. The sport was finally added to the official program for the 1998 Nagano Games. Title: Basque pelota at the 1924 Summer Olympics Passage: Basque Pelota was a demonstration sport at the 1924 Summer Olympics in Paris. It was the second time that the sport was included in the Olympic program; it was an official Olympic sport at the 1900 Games that were also held in Paris. It would be included as a demonstration in another two occasions at the 1968 Games in Mexico City and the 1992 Games in Barcelona. Title: Nanjing Olympic Sports Center Gymnasium Passage: The Nanjing Olympic Sports Center Gymnasium (Simplified Chinese: 南京奥林匹克体育中心体育馆) is an indoor arena in Nanjing, China. The arena used mainly for indoor sports such as basketball and figure skating. The facility has a capacity of 13,000 people and was opened in 2005. It is located near Nanjing Olympic Sports Centre. Title: Figure skating at the Olympic Games Passage: Figure skating was first contested in the Olympic Games at the 1908 Summer Olympics. Since 1924, the sport has been a part of the Winter Olympic Games. Title: Volleyball at the Summer Olympics Passage: The history of Olympic volleyball can be traced back to the 1924 Summer Olympics in Paris, where volleyball was played as part of an American sports demonstration event. Its addition to the Olympic program, however, was given only after World War II, with the foundation of the FIVB and of some of the continental confederations. In 1957, a special tournament was held during the 53rd IOC session in Sofia, Bulgaria, to support such request. The competition was a success, and the sport was officially introduced in 1964. The Olympic Committee initially dropped volleyball for the 1968 Olympics, meeting protests. Title: Kabaddi Passage: Kabaddi Kabaddi game Highest governing body International Kabaddi Federation Nicknames Kaudi, Pakaada, Hadudu, Bhavatik, Saadukuda, Hu - Tu - Tu, Himoshika, sadugudu Characteristics Contact Permitted Team members 7 (per side) Mixed gender Yes, separate competitions Type Team sport, Contact sport Equipment None Venue Kabaddi court Presence Country or region Indian Subcontinent tamilnadu Olympic Demonstration sport: 1936 Olympics Title: KFFN Passage: KFFN (1490 AM) is a commercial radio station located in Tucson, Arizona. KFFN airs all sports programming syndicated by ESPN Radio. The station originates a local sports program weekdays, The Zach Clark Show. Title: New South Wales Institute of Sport Passage: The New South Wales Institute of Sport (NSWIS), located at Sydney Olympic Park, was established as a statutory body under the Institute of Sport Act, 1995, following a review recommending central coordination and monitoring of high performance sports programs. Operations officially commenced in 1996. Today, the Institute has almost 700 athletes on squad or individual scholarships and offers 31 sport programs across 24 sports. The services ensure that NSWIS athletes have access to coaching and sports technology while also receiving tailored support to help balance their sporting commitments with personal development and a career. Title: Tennis at the Summer Olympics Passage: Tennis was part of the Summer Olympic Games program from the inaugural 1896 Summer Olympics, but was dropped after the 1924 Summer Olympics due to disputes between the International Lawn Tennis Federation and the International Olympic Committee over how to define amateur players. After two appearances as a demonstration sport in 1968 and 1984 (with a U-21 age limit), it returned as a full medal sport at the 1988 Summer Olympics open for all players regardless of their age and status and has been played at every edition of the Games since then. Title: Nanjing Passage: There are two major sports centers in Nanjing, Wutaishan Sports Center and Nanjing Olympic Sports Center. Both of these two are comprehensive sports centers, including stadium, gymnasium, natatorium, tennis court, etc. Wutaishan Sports Center was established in 1952 and it was one of the oldest and most advanced stadiums in early time of People's Republic of China. Title: Yury Nikandrov Passage: Yury Nikandrov (22 November 1923 – 21 December 2018) was a Russian sport shooter who competed in the 1952 Summer Olympics, in the 1956 Summer Olympics, and in the 1960 Summer Olympics. Title: Badminton Passage: The game developed in British India from the earlier game of battledore and shuttlecock. European play came to be dominated by Denmark but the game has become very popular in Asia, with recent competitions dominated by China. Since 1992, badminton has been a Summer Olympic sport with four events: men's singles, women's singles, men's doubles, and women's doubles, with mixed doubles added four years later. At high levels of play, the sport demands excellent fitness: players require aerobic stamina, agility, strength, speed, and precision. It is also a technical sport, requiring good motor coordination and the development of sophisticated racquet movements. Title: Harry Buck Passage: Harry Crowe Buck (November 25, 1884 -- July 24, 1943) was an American college sports coach and physical education instructor. He founded the YMCA College of Physical Education at Madras in 1920, which played a key role in promoting sports and in establishing the Olympic movement in India. He has been called ``The Father of Physical Education in India ''. He was also one of the founding members of the Olympic movement in India and the Indian Olympic Association, and was manager of the Indian team at the 1924 Olympics. Title: Nanjing Passage: In 2005, in order to host The 10th National Game of People's Republic of China, there was a new stadium, Nanjing Olympic Sports Center, constructed in Nanjing. Compared to Wutaishan Sports Center, which the major stadium's capacity is 18,500, Nanjing Olympic Sports Center has a more advanced stadium which is big enough to seat 60,000 spectators. Its gymnasium has capacity of 13,000, and natatorium of capacity 3,000. Title: Zach Gilford Passage: Zachary Michael ``Zach ''Gilford (born January 14, 1982) is an American actor best known for his role as Matt Saracen on the NBC sports drama Friday Night Lights. Title: Zach Lund Passage: Zach Lund (born March 22, 1979) is an American skeleton racer who has competed since 2000. He won two bronze medals at the FIBT World Championships with one in 2007 (men's skeleton) and one in 2008 (mixed bobsleigh-skeleton team event). He finished #1 in World Cup standings in 2007. Zach’s huge success in Skeleton made his less famous nephew, Seth Gillespie, of Roosevelt, Utah, dream of becoming a “Skeletor”.	[ "Zach Lund", "Skeleton at the Winter Olympics" ]
2hop__63539_93808	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "He had represented the Amravati constituency in 15th Lok Sabha and Buldhana constituency of Maharashtra in the 14th Lok Sabha, 13th Lok Sabha and 11th Lok Sabha.", "title": "Anandrao Vithoba Adsul" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Betul Lok Sabha constituency () is one of the 29 Lok Sabha constituencies in Madhya Pradesh state in central India. This constituency is reserved for the candidates belonging to the Scheduled Tribes. It covers the entire Betul and Harda districts and part of Khandwa district.", "title": "Betul (Lok Sabha constituency)" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Moreshwar Save (1931 – 16 July 2015) was an Indian politician who was a leader of Shiv Sena and a member of the Lok Sabha elected from Aurangabad. He was member of the 9th and 10th Lok Sabha. He also served as mayor of Aurangabad in 1989–1990.", "title": "Moreshwar Save" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Narayan Singh Amlabe (born 1 June 1951 Village Amlabe, Rajgarh district) is an Indian politician, member of the Indian National Congress, member of the Committee on Agriculture, and member of the Consultative Committee for the Ministry of Rural Development and the Ministry of Panchayati Raj. In the 2009 election he was elected to the 15th Lok Sabha from the Rajgarh Lok Sabha constituency of Madhya Pradesh.", "title": "Narayan Singh Amlabe" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Late Shri Akbar Ali Khondkar was a Member of Parliament (MP) in the Twelfth Lok Sabha & Thirteenth Lok Sabha of India. He was elected from his Lok Sabha Constituency in Serampore, West Bengal in 1998 and 1999 under All India Trinamool Congress Ticket.", "title": "Akbar Ali Khondkar" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Parliament of India is bicameral. Concurrence of both houses are required to pass any bill. However, the authors of the Constitution of India visualised situations of deadlock between the upper house i.e. Rajya Sabha and the lower house i.e. Lok Sabha. Therefore, the Constitution of India provides for Joint sittings of both the Houses to break this deadlock. The joint sitting of the Parliament is called by the President and is presided over by the Speaker or, in his absence, by the Deputy Speaker of the Lok Sabha or in his absence, the Deputy - Chairman of the Rajya Sabha. If any of the above officers are not present then any other member of the Parliament can preside by consensus of both the House.", "title": "Joint Session of the Parliament of India" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Ganesh Vasudev Mavalankar (27 November 1888 – 27 February 1956) popularly known as Dadasaheb was an independence activist, the President (from 1946 to 1947) of the Central Legislative Assembly, then Speaker of the Constituent Assembly of India, and later the first Speaker of the Lok Sabha, the lower house of the Parliament of India. His son Purushottam Mavalankar was later elected to the Lok Sabha twice from Gujarat.", "title": "Ganesh Vasudev Mavalankar" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Speaker of the Lok Sabha conducts the business in house; and decides whether a bill is a money bill or not. They maintain discipline and decorum in the house and can punish a member for their unruly behavior by suspending them. They also permit the moving of various kinds of motions and resolutions such as a motion of no confidence, motion of adjournment, motion of censure and calling attention notice as per the rules. The Speaker decides on the agenda to be taken up for discussion during the meeting. The date of election of the speaker is fixed by the President. Further, all comments and speeches made by members of the House are addressed to the speaker. The speaker also presides over the joint sitting of both Houses of Parliament. The counterpart of the Speaker in the Rajya Sabha is the Chairman, who is the Vice President of India. In the warrant of precedence, the speaker of Lok Sabha comes next only to The Deputy Prime Minister of India. Speaker has the sixth rank in the political executive of India", "title": "Speaker of the Lok Sabha" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Vice-President of India is also ex officio Chairperson of the Rajya Sabha. When a bill is introduced in Rajya Sabha, vice-president decides whether it is a financial bill or not. If he is of the opinion, a bill introduced in the Rajya Sabha is a money bill, he would refer the case to the Speaker of the Lok Sabha for deciding it.", "title": "Vice President of India" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Gondia Lok Sabha constituency was a Lok Sabha (Parliamentary) constituency of Maharashtra state in western India. This constituency was in existence during Lok Sabha elections of 1962 for the 3rd Lok Sabha. It was abolished from next 1967 Lok Sabha elections. It was reserved for Scheduled Caste candidate.", "title": "Gondia (Lok Sabha constituency)" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Members of the 16th Lok Sabha were elected during the 2014 Indian general election. The elections were conducted in 9 phases from 7 April 2014 to 12 May 2014 by the Election Commission of India. The results of the election were declared on 16 May 2014. The Bharatiya Janata Party (of the NDA) achieved an absolute majority with 282 seats out of 543, 166 more than previous 15th Lok Sabha. Its PM candidate Narendra Modi took office on 26 May 2014 as the 14th prime minister of independent India. The first session was scheduled to be convened from June 4 to June 11, 2014. There is no leader of the opposition in the 16th Lok Sabha as the Indian Parliament rules state that a party in the Lok Sabha must have at least 10% of total seats (545) in order to be considered the opposition party. The Indian National Congress (of the UPA) could only manage 44 seats while the All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam party from Tamil Nadu came a close third with 37 seats. Mallikarjun Kharge has been declared the leader of the Indian National Congress in the Lok Sabha. 5 sitting members from Rajya Sabha, the Upper House of Indian Parliament, were elected to 16th Lok Sabha after the Indian general elections, 2014.", "title": "16th Lok Sabha" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "A Member of Parliament of Lok Sabha (Hindi: सांसद, लोक सभा) (abbreviated: MP) is the representative of the Indian people in the Lok Sabha; the lower house of the Parliament of India. Members of Parliament of Lok Sabha are chosen by direct elections on the basis of the adult suffrage. Parliament of India is bicameral with two houses; Rajya Sabha (Upper house i.e. Council of States) and the Lok Sabha (Lower house i.e. House of the People). The maximum permitted strength of Members of Parliament in the Lok Sabha is 552. This includes maximum 530 members to represent the constituencies and states, up to 20 members to represent the Union Territories (both chosen by direct elections) and not more than two members of the Anglo - Indian community to be nominated by the President of India. The majority party in the Lok Sabha chooses the Prime Minister of India.", "title": "Member of parliament, Lok Sabha" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In the 2009-2014 Lok Sabha, Mrs. Meira Kumar (its speaker) and Sri Kariya Munda (Deputy Speaker of Lok Sabha) were unanimously elected to their posts. Hailing Mr. Munda's election, the Prime Minister Manmohan Singh hoped that the spirit of accommodation seen in the election of the Speaker and the Deputy Speaker, would continue through the duration of the 15th Lok Sabha. Pranab Mukherjee, then the Leader of the House [former President of India], was glad that a 32-year-old unbroken tradition of having the Deputy Speaker from the Opposition, which had begun in 1977, the very 1st year when Sri Munda entered the Lok Sabha, had been carried forward, with his unanimous election. Advani, the BJP stalwart, echoed similar sentiments. Munda has been a 7-time MP from Khunti constituency of Jharkhand State.", "title": "Kariya Munda" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Speaker of the Lok Sabha is the presiding officer of the Lok Sabha, the lower house of the Parliament of India. The speaker is elected in the very first meeting of the Lok Sabha following general elections. Serving for a term of five years, the Speaker chosen from amongst the members of the Lok Sabha, and is by convention a member of the ruling party or alliance.", "title": "Speaker of the Lok Sabha" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "He was elected to the 4th Lok Sabha and 5th Lok Sabha from Narasaraopet (Lok Sabha constituency) in 1967 and 1971 respectively as a member of Indian National Congress.", "title": "Maddi Sudarsanam" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Union Budget of India, also referred to as the Annual Financial Statement in the Article 112 of the Constitution of India, is the annual budget of the Republic of India. The Government presents it on the first day of February so that it could be materialized before the commencement of new financial year in April. Till 2016 it was presented on the last working day of February by the Finance Minister of India in Parliament. The budget, which is presented by means of the Finance bill and the Appropriation bill has to be passed by both the Houses before it can come into effect from April 1, the start of India's financial year.", "title": "Union budget of India" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Ladakh Lok Sabha constituency is one of the six Lok Sabha (parliamentary) constituencies in Jammu and Kashmir state in northern India. Ladakh lok Sabha constituency is the largest Lok Sabha constituency in India in terms of area with a total area of 173266.37 km. The number of electors (voters) in Ladakh (Lok Sabha constituency) is 1.59 lakhs.", "title": "Ladakh (Lok Sabha constituency)" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Valsad Lok Sabha constituency (formerly Bulsar Lok Sabha constituency) () is one of the 26 Lok Sabha (parliamentary) constituencies in Gujarat state in western India. This seat is considered a bellwether seat in India. It is believed that the party which wins this seat will form the central government.", "title": "Valsad (Lok Sabha constituency)" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "India has an asymmetric federal government, with elected officials at the federal, state and local levels. At the national level, the head of government, Prime Minister, is elected by members of the Lok Sabha, the lower house of the parliament of India. The elections are conducted by the Election Commission of India. All members of the Lok Sabha, except two who can be nominated by the President of India, are directly elected through general elections which take place every five years, in normal circumstances, by universal adult suffrage and a first - past - the - post system. Members of the Rajya Sabha, the upper house of the Indian parliament, are elected by elected members of the legislative assemblies of the states and the Electoral college for the Union Territories of India.", "title": "Elections in India" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Sivakasi was a Lok Sabha constituency in India which existed until the 2004 Lok sabha elections. It was converted into Virudhunagar constituency after delimitation in 2008.", "title": "Sivakasi (Lok Sabha constituency)" } ]	Who presents the central budget in the assembly by whom the speaker of lok sabha is elected?	the Finance Minister of India	[ "IND", "in", "IN", "India", "Bharat", "Republic of India" ]	Title: 16th Lok Sabha Passage: Members of the 16th Lok Sabha were elected during the 2014 Indian general election. The elections were conducted in 9 phases from 7 April 2014 to 12 May 2014 by the Election Commission of India. The results of the election were declared on 16 May 2014. The Bharatiya Janata Party (of the NDA) achieved an absolute majority with 282 seats out of 543, 166 more than previous 15th Lok Sabha. Its PM candidate Narendra Modi took office on 26 May 2014 as the 14th prime minister of independent India. The first session was scheduled to be convened from June 4 to June 11, 2014. There is no leader of the opposition in the 16th Lok Sabha as the Indian Parliament rules state that a party in the Lok Sabha must have at least 10% of total seats (545) in order to be considered the opposition party. The Indian National Congress (of the UPA) could only manage 44 seats while the All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam party from Tamil Nadu came a close third with 37 seats. Mallikarjun Kharge has been declared the leader of the Indian National Congress in the Lok Sabha. 5 sitting members from Rajya Sabha, the Upper House of Indian Parliament, were elected to 16th Lok Sabha after the Indian general elections, 2014. Title: Speaker of the Lok Sabha Passage: The Speaker of the Lok Sabha is the presiding officer of the Lok Sabha, the lower house of the Parliament of India. The speaker is elected in the very first meeting of the Lok Sabha following general elections. Serving for a term of five years, the Speaker chosen from amongst the members of the Lok Sabha, and is by convention a member of the ruling party or alliance. Title: Vice President of India Passage: The Vice-President of India is also ex officio Chairperson of the Rajya Sabha. When a bill is introduced in Rajya Sabha, vice-president decides whether it is a financial bill or not. If he is of the opinion, a bill introduced in the Rajya Sabha is a money bill, he would refer the case to the Speaker of the Lok Sabha for deciding it. Title: Narayan Singh Amlabe Passage: Narayan Singh Amlabe (born 1 June 1951 Village Amlabe, Rajgarh district) is an Indian politician, member of the Indian National Congress, member of the Committee on Agriculture, and member of the Consultative Committee for the Ministry of Rural Development and the Ministry of Panchayati Raj. In the 2009 election he was elected to the 15th Lok Sabha from the Rajgarh Lok Sabha constituency of Madhya Pradesh. Title: Ladakh (Lok Sabha constituency) Passage: Ladakh Lok Sabha constituency is one of the six Lok Sabha (parliamentary) constituencies in Jammu and Kashmir state in northern India. Ladakh lok Sabha constituency is the largest Lok Sabha constituency in India in terms of area with a total area of 173266.37 km. The number of electors (voters) in Ladakh (Lok Sabha constituency) is 1.59 lakhs. Title: Akbar Ali Khondkar Passage: Late Shri Akbar Ali Khondkar was a Member of Parliament (MP) in the Twelfth Lok Sabha & Thirteenth Lok Sabha of India. He was elected from his Lok Sabha Constituency in Serampore, West Bengal in 1998 and 1999 under All India Trinamool Congress Ticket. Title: Joint Session of the Parliament of India Passage: The Parliament of India is bicameral. Concurrence of both houses are required to pass any bill. However, the authors of the Constitution of India visualised situations of deadlock between the upper house i.e. Rajya Sabha and the lower house i.e. Lok Sabha. Therefore, the Constitution of India provides for Joint sittings of both the Houses to break this deadlock. The joint sitting of the Parliament is called by the President and is presided over by the Speaker or, in his absence, by the Deputy Speaker of the Lok Sabha or in his absence, the Deputy - Chairman of the Rajya Sabha. If any of the above officers are not present then any other member of the Parliament can preside by consensus of both the House. Title: Betul (Lok Sabha constituency) Passage: Betul Lok Sabha constituency () is one of the 29 Lok Sabha constituencies in Madhya Pradesh state in central India. This constituency is reserved for the candidates belonging to the Scheduled Tribes. It covers the entire Betul and Harda districts and part of Khandwa district. Title: Maddi Sudarsanam Passage: He was elected to the 4th Lok Sabha and 5th Lok Sabha from Narasaraopet (Lok Sabha constituency) in 1967 and 1971 respectively as a member of Indian National Congress. Title: Ganesh Vasudev Mavalankar Passage: Ganesh Vasudev Mavalankar (27 November 1888 – 27 February 1956) popularly known as Dadasaheb was an independence activist, the President (from 1946 to 1947) of the Central Legislative Assembly, then Speaker of the Constituent Assembly of India, and later the first Speaker of the Lok Sabha, the lower house of the Parliament of India. His son Purushottam Mavalankar was later elected to the Lok Sabha twice from Gujarat. Title: Anandrao Vithoba Adsul Passage: He had represented the Amravati constituency in 15th Lok Sabha and Buldhana constituency of Maharashtra in the 14th Lok Sabha, 13th Lok Sabha and 11th Lok Sabha. Title: Elections in India Passage: India has an asymmetric federal government, with elected officials at the federal, state and local levels. At the national level, the head of government, Prime Minister, is elected by members of the Lok Sabha, the lower house of the parliament of India. The elections are conducted by the Election Commission of India. All members of the Lok Sabha, except two who can be nominated by the President of India, are directly elected through general elections which take place every five years, in normal circumstances, by universal adult suffrage and a first - past - the - post system. Members of the Rajya Sabha, the upper house of the Indian parliament, are elected by elected members of the legislative assemblies of the states and the Electoral college for the Union Territories of India. Title: Union budget of India Passage: The Union Budget of India, also referred to as the Annual Financial Statement in the Article 112 of the Constitution of India, is the annual budget of the Republic of India. The Government presents it on the first day of February so that it could be materialized before the commencement of new financial year in April. Till 2016 it was presented on the last working day of February by the Finance Minister of India in Parliament. The budget, which is presented by means of the Finance bill and the Appropriation bill has to be passed by both the Houses before it can come into effect from April 1, the start of India's financial year. Title: Moreshwar Save Passage: Moreshwar Save (1931 – 16 July 2015) was an Indian politician who was a leader of Shiv Sena and a member of the Lok Sabha elected from Aurangabad. He was member of the 9th and 10th Lok Sabha. He also served as mayor of Aurangabad in 1989–1990. Title: Gondia (Lok Sabha constituency) Passage: Gondia Lok Sabha constituency was a Lok Sabha (Parliamentary) constituency of Maharashtra state in western India. This constituency was in existence during Lok Sabha elections of 1962 for the 3rd Lok Sabha. It was abolished from next 1967 Lok Sabha elections. It was reserved for Scheduled Caste candidate. Title: Member of parliament, Lok Sabha Passage: A Member of Parliament of Lok Sabha (Hindi: सांसद, लोक सभा) (abbreviated: MP) is the representative of the Indian people in the Lok Sabha; the lower house of the Parliament of India. Members of Parliament of Lok Sabha are chosen by direct elections on the basis of the adult suffrage. Parliament of India is bicameral with two houses; Rajya Sabha (Upper house i.e. Council of States) and the Lok Sabha (Lower house i.e. House of the People). The maximum permitted strength of Members of Parliament in the Lok Sabha is 552. This includes maximum 530 members to represent the constituencies and states, up to 20 members to represent the Union Territories (both chosen by direct elections) and not more than two members of the Anglo - Indian community to be nominated by the President of India. The majority party in the Lok Sabha chooses the Prime Minister of India. Title: Kariya Munda Passage: In the 2009-2014 Lok Sabha, Mrs. Meira Kumar (its speaker) and Sri Kariya Munda (Deputy Speaker of Lok Sabha) were unanimously elected to their posts. Hailing Mr. Munda's election, the Prime Minister Manmohan Singh hoped that the spirit of accommodation seen in the election of the Speaker and the Deputy Speaker, would continue through the duration of the 15th Lok Sabha. Pranab Mukherjee, then the Leader of the House [former President of India], was glad that a 32-year-old unbroken tradition of having the Deputy Speaker from the Opposition, which had begun in 1977, the very 1st year when Sri Munda entered the Lok Sabha, had been carried forward, with his unanimous election. Advani, the BJP stalwart, echoed similar sentiments. Munda has been a 7-time MP from Khunti constituency of Jharkhand State. Title: Valsad (Lok Sabha constituency) Passage: Valsad Lok Sabha constituency (formerly Bulsar Lok Sabha constituency) () is one of the 26 Lok Sabha (parliamentary) constituencies in Gujarat state in western India. This seat is considered a bellwether seat in India. It is believed that the party which wins this seat will form the central government. Title: Sivakasi (Lok Sabha constituency) Passage: Sivakasi was a Lok Sabha constituency in India which existed until the 2004 Lok sabha elections. It was converted into Virudhunagar constituency after delimitation in 2008. Title: Speaker of the Lok Sabha Passage: The Speaker of the Lok Sabha conducts the business in house; and decides whether a bill is a money bill or not. They maintain discipline and decorum in the house and can punish a member for their unruly behavior by suspending them. They also permit the moving of various kinds of motions and resolutions such as a motion of no confidence, motion of adjournment, motion of censure and calling attention notice as per the rules. The Speaker decides on the agenda to be taken up for discussion during the meeting. The date of election of the speaker is fixed by the President. Further, all comments and speeches made by members of the House are addressed to the speaker. The speaker also presides over the joint sitting of both Houses of Parliament. The counterpart of the Speaker in the Rajya Sabha is the Chairman, who is the Vice President of India. In the warrant of precedence, the speaker of Lok Sabha comes next only to The Deputy Prime Minister of India. Speaker has the sixth rank in the political executive of India	[ "Speaker of the Lok Sabha", "Union budget of India" ]
2hop__797175_31296	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "A union territory is a type of administrative division in the Republic of India. Unlike states, which have their own elected governments, union territories are ruled directly by the Union Government (central government), hence the name ``union territory ''. Union territories in India qualify as federal territories, by definition.", "title": "Union territory" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "American Civil War Clockwise from top: Battle of Gettysburg, Union Captain John Tidball's artillery, Confederate prisoners, ironclad USS Atlanta, ruins of Richmond, Virginia, Battle of Franklin Date April 12, 1861 -- May 9, 1865 (4 years, 3 weeks and 6 days) Location Southern United States, Northeastern United States, Western United States, Atlantic Ocean Result Union victory: Dissolution of the Confederate States U.S. territorial integrity preserved Slavery abolished Beginning of the Reconstruction Era Belligerents United States Confederate States Commanders and leaders Abraham Lincoln Ulysses S. Grant William T. Sherman David Farragut George B. McClellan Henry Halleck George Meade and others... Jefferson Davis Robert E. Lee J.E. Johnston G.T. Beauregard A.S. Johnston † Braxton Bragg and others... Strength 2,200,000: Union Army Union Marines Union Navy Revenue Service 698,000 (peak) 750,000 -- 1,000,000: Confederate Army Confederate Marines Confederate Navy 360,000 (peak) Casualties and losses 110,000 + killed in action / died of wounds 230,000 + accident / disease deaths 25,000 -- 30,000 died in Confederate prisons 365,000 + total dead 282,000 + wounded 181,193 captured Total: 828,000 + casualties 94,000 + killed in action / died of wounds 26,000 -- 31,000 died in Union prisons 290,000 + total dead 137,000 + wounded 436,658 captured Total: 864,000 + casualties 50,000 free civilians dead 80,000 + slaves dead Total: 785,000 -- 1,000,000 + dead", "title": "American Civil War" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The First Battle of Fort Sumter began on April 12, 1861, when Confederate artillery fired on the Union garrison. These were the first shots of the war and continued all day, watched by many civilians in a celebratory spirit. The fort had been cut off from its supply line and surrendered the next day. The Second Battle of Fort Sumter (September 8, 1863) was a failed attempt by the Union to retake the fort, dogged by a rivalry between army and navy commanders. Although the fort was reduced to rubble, it remained in Confederate hands until it was evacuated as General Sherman marched through South Carolina in February 1865.", "title": "Fort Sumter" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Major General Kunhiraman Palat Candeth was appointed military governor of Goa that was first created by British government in 1934. In 1963, the Parliament of India passed the 12th Amendment Act to the Constitution of India, formally integrating the captured territories into the Indian Union. Goa, Daman and Diu became a Union Territory. Dadra and Nagar Haveli, which was previously a part of the Estado da India, but independent between 1954 and 1961, became a separate Union Territory.", "title": "Goa liberation movement" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Cecil Clay (February 13, 1842 – September 23, 1903) was captain of Company K in the 58th Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry Regiment in the Union Army during the American Civil War. He performed gallantly while wounded, earning the Medal of Honor for his actions during the assault and capture of Fort Harrison, Virginia in the Confederate defenses of Richmond, Virginia on September 29, 1864. He was later chief clerk of the United States Department of Justice.", "title": "Cecil Clay" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Louisa Hawkins Canby (December 25, 1818 – 1889) was nicknamed the \"Angel of Santa Fe\" in 1862 for her compassion toward sick, wounded, and freezing Confederate soldiers at Santa Fe, New Mexico. Mrs. Canby was the wife of Union Brig. Gen. Edward Richard Sprigg Canby whose order to destroy or hide not only weapons and ammunition but all food, equipment, and blankets prior to any retreat was largely responsible for the Confederates' misery. Taking pity on her husband's enemies, Mrs. Canby not only organized other officers' wives to nurse the sick and wounded among the occupying Confederate forces, but also showed Col. William Read Scurry where fleeing Union forces had hidden blankets and food. Mrs. Canby, said one rebel, \"captured more hearts of Confederate soldier [sic] than the old general ever captured Confederate bodies.\"", "title": "Louisa Hawkins Canby" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "During the American Civil War, Jacksonville was a key supply point for hogs and cattle being shipped from Florida to aid the Confederate cause. The city was blockaded by Union forces, who gained control of the nearby Fort Clinch. Though no battles were fought in Jacksonville proper, the city changed hands several times between Union and Confederate forces. The Skirmish of the Brick Church in 1862 just outside Jacksonville proper resulted in the first Confederate victory in Florida. In February 1864 Union forces left Jacksonville and confronted a Confederate Army at the Battle of Olustee resulting in a Confederate victory. Union forces then retreated to Jacksonville and held the city for the remainder of the war. In March 1864 a Confederate cavalry confronted a Union expedition resulting in the Battle of Cedar Creek. Warfare and the long occupation left the city disrupted after the war.", "title": "Jacksonville, Florida" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The two armies suffered between 46,000 and 51,000 casualties. Union casualties were 23,055 (3,155 killed, 14,531 wounded, 5,369 captured or missing), while Confederate casualties are more difficult to estimate. Many authors have referred to as many as 28,000 Confederate casualties, and Busey and Martin's more recent 2005 work, Regimental Strengths and Losses at Gettysburg, documents 23,231 (4,708 killed, 12,693 wounded, 5,830 captured or missing). Nearly a third of Lee's general officers were killed, wounded, or captured. The casualties for both sides during the entire campaign were 57,225.", "title": "Battle of Gettysburg" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "USS \"Bermuda\" (1861) was a large steamer captured by the Union Navy during the American Civil War. She was used by the Union Navy as a cargo and general transport ship in support of the Union Navy blockade of Confederate waterways, primarily in Florida and the Gulf of Mexico. However, despite being a valuable cargo ship, she proved very adept at capturing blockade runners as her record proves.", "title": "USS Bermuda" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "During the Civil War, the tide of new miners into the territory slowed to a trickle, and many left for the East to fight. The Missourians who stayed formed two volunteer regiments, as well as home guard. Although seemingly stationed at the periphery of the war theaters, the Colorado regiments found themselves in a crucial position in 1862 after the Confederate invasion of the New Mexico Territory by General Henry Sibley and a force of Texans. Sibley's New Mexico campaign was intended as a prelude to an invasion of the Colorado Territory northward to Fort Laramie, cutting the supply lines between California and the rest of the Union. The Coloradans, under the command of Union Army General Edward Canby and Colonel John P. Slough, Lt. Col. Samuel F. Tappan and Major John M. Chivington, defeated Sibley's force at the two day Battle of Glorieta Pass along the Santa Fe Trail, thwarting the Confederate strategy.", "title": "Colorado Territory" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Paea is a commune in the suburbs of Papeete in French Polynesia, an overseas territory of France in the southern Pacific Ocean. Paea is located on the island of Tahiti, in the administrative subdivision of the Windward Islands, themselves part of the Society Islands. At the 2017 census it had a population of 13,021.", "title": "Paea" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Southern Sociological Society (SSS) was established in 1935 by a group of colleagues in Knoxville, Tennessee in an organizational meeting April 20–21. This meeting emerged from an earlier gathering of Southern sociologists at the American Sociological Society (now the American Sociological Association) in 1934 between Charles S. Johnson, E. T. Krueger, Wilson Gee, and probably Rupert Vance (who worked for Johnson). The organization of the Knoxville meeting was chaired by E.T. Krueger, the program made by William E. Cole, and the constitution drafted by Rupert Vance with assistance from Wilson Gee.", "title": "Southern Sociological Society" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "USS \"Rosalie\" (1863) was a captured Confederate sloop acquired by the Union Navy from the prize court during the American Civil War.", "title": "USS Rosalie (1863)" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Benjamin Franklin Gordon (May 18, 1826 – September 22, 1866) was a Confederate States Army colonel during the American Civil War (Civil War). Gordon had been a private and bugler for a Missouri regiment serving in the U.S. Army during the Mexican–American War. Gordon served in the Confederate Army under Brigadier General Joseph O. \"Jo\" Shelby in Missouri and Arkansas in the Confederate Trans-Mississippi Department throughout the war. On May 16, 1865, with the war coming to an end, General E. Kirby Smith, as the Confederate commander of the Trans-Mississippi Department, assigned Gordon to duty as a brigadier general. The Confederate government took no action on the appointment and Confederate President Jefferson Davis did not officially appoint and nominate Gordon to the rank of brigadier general because the Confederate Senate last met on March 18, 1865, and Davis was captured by Union troops on May 10, 1865. Although he was only aged 40 at his death, Gordon survived the war by little more than a year.", "title": "Benjamin Franklin Gordon" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "USS \"Sea Bird\" (1863) was a captured Confederate schooner acquired by the Union Navy from the prize court during the American Civil War.", "title": "USS Sea Bird (1863)" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "President Abraham Lincoln visited General Grant at Petersburg on April 3, and took a launch to Richmond the next day, while Jefferson Davis attempted to organize his Confederate government at Danville. Lincoln met Confederate assistant secretary of War John A. Campbell, and handed him a note inviting Virginia's legislature to end their rebellion. After Campbell spun the note to Confederate legislators as a possible end to the Emancipation Proclamation, Lincoln rescinded his offer and ordered General Weitzel to prevent the Confederate state legislature from meeting. Union forces killed, wounded or captured 8000 Confederate troops at Saylor's Creek southwest of Petersburg on April 6. General Lee continued to reject General Grant's surrender suggestion until Sheridan's infantry and cavalry appeared in front of his retreating army on April 8. He surrendered his remaining approximately 10000 troops at Appomattox Court House the following morning. Jefferson Davis retreated to North Carolina, then further south. when Lincoln rejected the surrender terms negotiated by general Sherman and envoys of North Carolina governor Zebulon Vance, which failed to mention slavery. Davis was captured on May 10 near Irwinville, Georgia and taken back to Virginia, where he was charged with treason and imprisoned for two years at Fort Monroe until freed on bail.", "title": "Richmond, Virginia" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Commonwealth of Virginia was a prominent part of the Confederate States during the American Civil War. As a slave - holding state, it held a state convention to deal with the secession crisis, and voted against secession on 4 April 1861. Opinion shifted after 15 April, when U.S. President Abraham Lincoln called for troops from all states still in the Union to put down the rebellion, following the capture of Fort Sumter, and the Virginia convention voted to declare secession from the Union. (In the Western counties, where there was little slavery, pro-Union sentiment remained strong, and they presently seceded from Virginia as a separate Union state, West Virginia.)", "title": "Virginia in the American Civil War" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In 1949, the Territory and the Territory of New Guinea were established in an administrative union by the name of the Territory of Papua and New Guinea. That administrative union was renamed as Papua New Guinea in 1971. Notwithstanding that it was part of an administrative union, the Territory of Papua at all times retained a distinct legal status and identity; it was a Possession of the Crown whereas the Territory of New Guinea was initially a League of Nations mandate territory and subsequently a United Nations trust territory. This important legal and political distinction remained until the advent of the Independent State of Papua New Guinea in 1975.", "title": "Territory of Papua" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Confederates held East Tennessee despite the strength of Unionist sentiment there, with the exception of extremely pro-Confederate Sullivan County. The Confederates, led by General James Longstreet, did attack General Burnside's Fort Sanders at Knoxville and lost. It was a big blow to East Tennessee Confederate momentum, but Longstreet won the Battle of Bean's Station a few weeks later. The Confederates besieged Chattanooga during the Chattanooga Campaign in early fall 1863, but were driven off by Grant in November. Many of the Confederate defeats can be attributed to the poor strategic vision of General Braxton Bragg, who led the Army of Tennessee from Perryville, Kentucky to another Confederate defeat at Chattanooga.", "title": "Tennessee" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "USS \"J. W. Wilder\" (1859) was a schooner captured by the Union Navy during the American Civil War. She was used by the Union Navy as a tender in support of the Union Navy blockade of Confederate waterways.", "title": "USS J. W. Wilder (1859)" } ]	Which Confederate general failed to capture the Union fort at the city where the Southern Sociological Society is located?	James Longstreet	[]	Title: Fort Sumter Passage: The First Battle of Fort Sumter began on April 12, 1861, when Confederate artillery fired on the Union garrison. These were the first shots of the war and continued all day, watched by many civilians in a celebratory spirit. The fort had been cut off from its supply line and surrendered the next day. The Second Battle of Fort Sumter (September 8, 1863) was a failed attempt by the Union to retake the fort, dogged by a rivalry between army and navy commanders. Although the fort was reduced to rubble, it remained in Confederate hands until it was evacuated as General Sherman marched through South Carolina in February 1865. Title: Richmond, Virginia Passage: President Abraham Lincoln visited General Grant at Petersburg on April 3, and took a launch to Richmond the next day, while Jefferson Davis attempted to organize his Confederate government at Danville. Lincoln met Confederate assistant secretary of War John A. Campbell, and handed him a note inviting Virginia's legislature to end their rebellion. After Campbell spun the note to Confederate legislators as a possible end to the Emancipation Proclamation, Lincoln rescinded his offer and ordered General Weitzel to prevent the Confederate state legislature from meeting. Union forces killed, wounded or captured 8000 Confederate troops at Saylor's Creek southwest of Petersburg on April 6. General Lee continued to reject General Grant's surrender suggestion until Sheridan's infantry and cavalry appeared in front of his retreating army on April 8. He surrendered his remaining approximately 10000 troops at Appomattox Court House the following morning. Jefferson Davis retreated to North Carolina, then further south. when Lincoln rejected the surrender terms negotiated by general Sherman and envoys of North Carolina governor Zebulon Vance, which failed to mention slavery. Davis was captured on May 10 near Irwinville, Georgia and taken back to Virginia, where he was charged with treason and imprisoned for two years at Fort Monroe until freed on bail. Title: Louisa Hawkins Canby Passage: Louisa Hawkins Canby (December 25, 1818 – 1889) was nicknamed the "Angel of Santa Fe" in 1862 for her compassion toward sick, wounded, and freezing Confederate soldiers at Santa Fe, New Mexico. Mrs. Canby was the wife of Union Brig. Gen. Edward Richard Sprigg Canby whose order to destroy or hide not only weapons and ammunition but all food, equipment, and blankets prior to any retreat was largely responsible for the Confederates' misery. Taking pity on her husband's enemies, Mrs. Canby not only organized other officers' wives to nurse the sick and wounded among the occupying Confederate forces, but also showed Col. William Read Scurry where fleeing Union forces had hidden blankets and food. Mrs. Canby, said one rebel, "captured more hearts of Confederate soldier [sic] than the old general ever captured Confederate bodies." Title: Colorado Territory Passage: During the Civil War, the tide of new miners into the territory slowed to a trickle, and many left for the East to fight. The Missourians who stayed formed two volunteer regiments, as well as home guard. Although seemingly stationed at the periphery of the war theaters, the Colorado regiments found themselves in a crucial position in 1862 after the Confederate invasion of the New Mexico Territory by General Henry Sibley and a force of Texans. Sibley's New Mexico campaign was intended as a prelude to an invasion of the Colorado Territory northward to Fort Laramie, cutting the supply lines between California and the rest of the Union. The Coloradans, under the command of Union Army General Edward Canby and Colonel John P. Slough, Lt. Col. Samuel F. Tappan and Major John M. Chivington, defeated Sibley's force at the two day Battle of Glorieta Pass along the Santa Fe Trail, thwarting the Confederate strategy. Title: Cecil Clay Passage: Cecil Clay (February 13, 1842 – September 23, 1903) was captain of Company K in the 58th Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry Regiment in the Union Army during the American Civil War. He performed gallantly while wounded, earning the Medal of Honor for his actions during the assault and capture of Fort Harrison, Virginia in the Confederate defenses of Richmond, Virginia on September 29, 1864. He was later chief clerk of the United States Department of Justice. Title: Paea Passage: Paea is a commune in the suburbs of Papeete in French Polynesia, an overseas territory of France in the southern Pacific Ocean. Paea is located on the island of Tahiti, in the administrative subdivision of the Windward Islands, themselves part of the Society Islands. At the 2017 census it had a population of 13,021. Title: Jacksonville, Florida Passage: During the American Civil War, Jacksonville was a key supply point for hogs and cattle being shipped from Florida to aid the Confederate cause. The city was blockaded by Union forces, who gained control of the nearby Fort Clinch. Though no battles were fought in Jacksonville proper, the city changed hands several times between Union and Confederate forces. The Skirmish of the Brick Church in 1862 just outside Jacksonville proper resulted in the first Confederate victory in Florida. In February 1864 Union forces left Jacksonville and confronted a Confederate Army at the Battle of Olustee resulting in a Confederate victory. Union forces then retreated to Jacksonville and held the city for the remainder of the war. In March 1864 a Confederate cavalry confronted a Union expedition resulting in the Battle of Cedar Creek. Warfare and the long occupation left the city disrupted after the war. Title: Tennessee Passage: Confederates held East Tennessee despite the strength of Unionist sentiment there, with the exception of extremely pro-Confederate Sullivan County. The Confederates, led by General James Longstreet, did attack General Burnside's Fort Sanders at Knoxville and lost. It was a big blow to East Tennessee Confederate momentum, but Longstreet won the Battle of Bean's Station a few weeks later. The Confederates besieged Chattanooga during the Chattanooga Campaign in early fall 1863, but were driven off by Grant in November. Many of the Confederate defeats can be attributed to the poor strategic vision of General Braxton Bragg, who led the Army of Tennessee from Perryville, Kentucky to another Confederate defeat at Chattanooga. Title: USS Bermuda Passage: USS "Bermuda" (1861) was a large steamer captured by the Union Navy during the American Civil War. She was used by the Union Navy as a cargo and general transport ship in support of the Union Navy blockade of Confederate waterways, primarily in Florida and the Gulf of Mexico. However, despite being a valuable cargo ship, she proved very adept at capturing blockade runners as her record proves. Title: Union territory Passage: A union territory is a type of administrative division in the Republic of India. Unlike states, which have their own elected governments, union territories are ruled directly by the Union Government (central government), hence the name ``union territory ''. Union territories in India qualify as federal territories, by definition. Title: Virginia in the American Civil War Passage: The Commonwealth of Virginia was a prominent part of the Confederate States during the American Civil War. As a slave - holding state, it held a state convention to deal with the secession crisis, and voted against secession on 4 April 1861. Opinion shifted after 15 April, when U.S. President Abraham Lincoln called for troops from all states still in the Union to put down the rebellion, following the capture of Fort Sumter, and the Virginia convention voted to declare secession from the Union. (In the Western counties, where there was little slavery, pro-Union sentiment remained strong, and they presently seceded from Virginia as a separate Union state, West Virginia.) Title: Territory of Papua Passage: In 1949, the Territory and the Territory of New Guinea were established in an administrative union by the name of the Territory of Papua and New Guinea. That administrative union was renamed as Papua New Guinea in 1971. Notwithstanding that it was part of an administrative union, the Territory of Papua at all times retained a distinct legal status and identity; it was a Possession of the Crown whereas the Territory of New Guinea was initially a League of Nations mandate territory and subsequently a United Nations trust territory. This important legal and political distinction remained until the advent of the Independent State of Papua New Guinea in 1975. Title: USS Sea Bird (1863) Passage: USS "Sea Bird" (1863) was a captured Confederate schooner acquired by the Union Navy from the prize court during the American Civil War. Title: American Civil War Passage: American Civil War Clockwise from top: Battle of Gettysburg, Union Captain John Tidball's artillery, Confederate prisoners, ironclad USS Atlanta, ruins of Richmond, Virginia, Battle of Franklin Date April 12, 1861 -- May 9, 1865 (4 years, 3 weeks and 6 days) Location Southern United States, Northeastern United States, Western United States, Atlantic Ocean Result Union victory: Dissolution of the Confederate States U.S. territorial integrity preserved Slavery abolished Beginning of the Reconstruction Era Belligerents United States Confederate States Commanders and leaders Abraham Lincoln Ulysses S. Grant William T. Sherman David Farragut George B. McClellan Henry Halleck George Meade and others... Jefferson Davis Robert E. Lee J.E. Johnston G.T. Beauregard A.S. Johnston † Braxton Bragg and others... Strength 2,200,000: Union Army Union Marines Union Navy Revenue Service 698,000 (peak) 750,000 -- 1,000,000: Confederate Army Confederate Marines Confederate Navy 360,000 (peak) Casualties and losses 110,000 + killed in action / died of wounds 230,000 + accident / disease deaths 25,000 -- 30,000 died in Confederate prisons 365,000 + total dead 282,000 + wounded 181,193 captured Total: 828,000 + casualties 94,000 + killed in action / died of wounds 26,000 -- 31,000 died in Union prisons 290,000 + total dead 137,000 + wounded 436,658 captured Total: 864,000 + casualties 50,000 free civilians dead 80,000 + slaves dead Total: 785,000 -- 1,000,000 + dead Title: Southern Sociological Society Passage: The Southern Sociological Society (SSS) was established in 1935 by a group of colleagues in Knoxville, Tennessee in an organizational meeting April 20–21. This meeting emerged from an earlier gathering of Southern sociologists at the American Sociological Society (now the American Sociological Association) in 1934 between Charles S. Johnson, E. T. Krueger, Wilson Gee, and probably Rupert Vance (who worked for Johnson). The organization of the Knoxville meeting was chaired by E.T. Krueger, the program made by William E. Cole, and the constitution drafted by Rupert Vance with assistance from Wilson Gee. Title: USS Rosalie (1863) Passage: USS "Rosalie" (1863) was a captured Confederate sloop acquired by the Union Navy from the prize court during the American Civil War. Title: Goa liberation movement Passage: Major General Kunhiraman Palat Candeth was appointed military governor of Goa that was first created by British government in 1934. In 1963, the Parliament of India passed the 12th Amendment Act to the Constitution of India, formally integrating the captured territories into the Indian Union. Goa, Daman and Diu became a Union Territory. Dadra and Nagar Haveli, which was previously a part of the Estado da India, but independent between 1954 and 1961, became a separate Union Territory. Title: Benjamin Franklin Gordon Passage: Benjamin Franklin Gordon (May 18, 1826 – September 22, 1866) was a Confederate States Army colonel during the American Civil War (Civil War). Gordon had been a private and bugler for a Missouri regiment serving in the U.S. Army during the Mexican–American War. Gordon served in the Confederate Army under Brigadier General Joseph O. "Jo" Shelby in Missouri and Arkansas in the Confederate Trans-Mississippi Department throughout the war. On May 16, 1865, with the war coming to an end, General E. Kirby Smith, as the Confederate commander of the Trans-Mississippi Department, assigned Gordon to duty as a brigadier general. The Confederate government took no action on the appointment and Confederate President Jefferson Davis did not officially appoint and nominate Gordon to the rank of brigadier general because the Confederate Senate last met on March 18, 1865, and Davis was captured by Union troops on May 10, 1865. Although he was only aged 40 at his death, Gordon survived the war by little more than a year. Title: Battle of Gettysburg Passage: The two armies suffered between 46,000 and 51,000 casualties. Union casualties were 23,055 (3,155 killed, 14,531 wounded, 5,369 captured or missing), while Confederate casualties are more difficult to estimate. Many authors have referred to as many as 28,000 Confederate casualties, and Busey and Martin's more recent 2005 work, Regimental Strengths and Losses at Gettysburg, documents 23,231 (4,708 killed, 12,693 wounded, 5,830 captured or missing). Nearly a third of Lee's general officers were killed, wounded, or captured. The casualties for both sides during the entire campaign were 57,225. Title: USS J. W. Wilder (1859) Passage: USS "J. W. Wilder" (1859) was a schooner captured by the Union Navy during the American Civil War. She was used by the Union Navy as a tender in support of the Union Navy blockade of Confederate waterways.	[ "Southern Sociological Society", "Tennessee" ]
2hop__107249_159106	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Stock trader and financial risk engineer Nassim Nicholas Taleb, author of the 2007 book The Black Swan, spent years warning against the breakdown of the banking system in particular and the economy in general owing to their use of bad risk models and reliance on forecasting, and their reliance on bad models, and framed the problem as part of \"robustness and fragility\". He also took action against the establishment view by making a big financial bet on banking stocks and making a fortune from the crisis (\"They didn't listen, so I took their money\"). According to David Brooks from the New York Times, \"Taleb not only has an explanation for what’s happening, he saw it coming.\"", "title": "Tanzania" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``I Wanna Talk About Me ''is a song written by Bobby Braddock and recorded by American country music artist Toby Keith. It was released in August 2001 as the second single from Keith's 2001 album Pull My Chain. The song was his seventh Number One single on the US Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart.", "title": "I Wanna Talk About Me" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "During the following years Northumbria repeatedly changed hands between the English kings and the Norwegian invaders, but was definitively brought under English control by Eadred in 954, completing the unification of England. At about this time, Lothian, the northern part of Northumbria (Roman Bernicia), was ceded to the Kingdom of Scotland. On 12 July 927 the monarchs of Britain gathered at Eamont in Cumbria to recognise Æthelstan as king of the English. This can be considered England's' foundation date ', although the process of unification had taken almost 100 years.", "title": "Kingdom of England" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Malaysia has its origins in the Malay kingdoms which, from the 18th century, became subject to the British Empire, along with the British Straits Settlements protectorate. Peninsular Malaysia was unified as the Malayan Union in 1946. Malaya was restructured as the Federation of Malaya in 1948, and achieved independence on 31 August 1957. Malaya united with North Borneo, Sarawak, and Singapore on 16 September 1963 to become Malaysia. In 1965, Singapore was expelled from the federation.The country is multi-ethnic and multi-cultural, which plays a large role in its politics. About half the population is ethnically Malay, with large minorities of Malaysian Chinese, Malaysian Indians, and indigenous peoples. While recognising Islam as the country's established religion, the constitution grants freedom of religion to non-Muslims. The government system is closely modelled on the Westminster parliamentary system and the legal system is based on common law. The head of state is the king, known as the Yang di-Pertuan Agong. He is an elected monarch chosen from the hereditary rulers of the nine Malay states every five years. The head of government is the Prime Minister. The country's official language is Malaysian, a standard form of the Malay language. English remains an active second language.", "title": "Malaysia" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"I Don't Wanna Cry\" is a song written and recorded by American country music artist Larry Gatlin. It was released in May 1977 as the second single from the album \"Love Is Just a Game\". The song reached number 3 on the \"Billboard\" Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart.", "title": "I Don't Wanna Cry (Larry Gatlin song)" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Hecates Tholus is a Martian volcano, notable for results from the European Space Agency's Mars Express mission which indicate a major eruption took place 350 million years ago. The eruption created a caldera 10 km in diameter. It has been suggested that glacial deposits later partly filled the caldera and an adjacent depression. Crater counts indicate this happened as recently as 5 to 20 million years ago. However climate models show that ice is not stable at Hecates Tholus today, pointing to climate change since the glaciers were active. It has been shown that the age of the glaciers correspond to a period of increased obliquity of Mars' rotational axis.", "title": "Hecates Tholus" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "I Wanna Be A Model (我要做 Model) is the Malaysian version of Make Me A Supermodel. The show is open to all Malaysians who can speak fluent Mandarin.", "title": "I Wanna Be A Model" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The election result led to a crisis for the POUM as well as for most parties to the left of the PCE, from which it was not able to recover. The POUM continued to exist as a small party with an office in Barcelona and a monthly newspaper, \"La Batalla\", calling for cooperation among the various far-left parties, but an attempted merger with Communist Action and the Collective for Marxist Unification failed during a \"Unification Congress\" in 1978. After this setback, the POUM decided not to participate in the 1979 elections. POUM branches in several cities became part of local coalitions and unification attempts with various far-left groups. In 1980, the POUM made its last electoral efforts, supporting Herri Batasuna in the Basque country and participating in the Left Bloc for National Liberation (BEAN - Unitat Popular) coalition in the Catalan parliamentary election, but the party was disintegrating. \"La Batalla\" ceased publication in May 1980, marking the end of the POUM as an organized party, though it was never officially dissolved. As a last remnant, the Valencia branch remained active until 1981.", "title": "POUM" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Take Me to Your World / I Don't Wanna Play House is the second studio album by American country music singer-songwriter Tammy Wynette. It was released on January 22, 1968, by Epic Records.", "title": "Take Me to Your World / I Don't Wanna Play House" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"A Woman in Love\" is a song written by Curtis Wright and Doug Millett, and recorded by American country music singer Ronnie Milsap. It was released in September 1989 as the third single from the album \"Stranger Things Have Happened\". It was his last song to reach number one on the U.S. country singles chart.", "title": "A Woman in Love (Ronnie Milsap song)" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The development of fundamental theories for forces proceeded along the lines of unification of disparate ideas. For example, Isaac Newton unified the force responsible for objects falling at the surface of the Earth with the force responsible for the orbits of celestial mechanics in his universal theory of gravitation. Michael Faraday and James Clerk Maxwell demonstrated that electric and magnetic forces were unified through one consistent theory of electromagnetism. In the 20th century, the development of quantum mechanics led to a modern understanding that the first three fundamental forces (all except gravity) are manifestations of matter (fermions) interacting by exchanging virtual particles called gauge bosons. This standard model of particle physics posits a similarity between the forces and led scientists to predict the unification of the weak and electromagnetic forces in electroweak theory subsequently confirmed by observation. The complete formulation of the standard model predicts an as yet unobserved Higgs mechanism, but observations such as neutrino oscillations indicate that the standard model is incomplete. A Grand Unified Theory allowing for the combination of the electroweak interaction with the strong force is held out as a possibility with candidate theories such as supersymmetry proposed to accommodate some of the outstanding unsolved problems in physics. Physicists are still attempting to develop self-consistent unification models that would combine all four fundamental interactions into a theory of everything. Einstein tried and failed at this endeavor, but currently the most popular approach to answering this question is string theory.:212–219", "title": "Force" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"How Far Do You Wanna Go?\" is a song recorded by American country music group Gloriana, written by Danny Myrick, Jeffrey Steele and Matt Serletic. It was released in September 2009 as the second single from the band's self-titled debut album.", "title": "How Far Do You Wanna Go?" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``I Wanna Dance with Somebody (Who Loves Me) ''Single by Whitney Houston from the album Whitney B - side`` Moment of Truth'' Released May 2, 1987 (1987 - 05 - 02) Format CD single cassette single 7 ''single 12'' single Recorded October 1986 Genre Dance - pop R&B Length 4: 50 (album version) 8: 33 (12 ''remix) Label Arista Songwriter (s) George Merrill Shannon Rubicam Producer (s) Narada Michael Walden Whitney Houston singles chronology ``The Greatest Love of All'' (1986)`` I Wanna Dance with Somebody (Who Loves Me) ''(1987) ``Did n't We Almost Have It All'' (1987)`` The Greatest Love of All ''(1986) ``I Wanna Dance with Somebody (Who Loves Me)'' (1987)`` Did n't We Almost Have It All ''(1987) Whitney track listing ``I Wanna Dance With Somebody'' (1)`` Just the Lonely Talking Again ''(2) Music video ``I Wanna Dance With Somebody (Who Loves Me)'' on YouTube", "title": "I Wanna Dance with Somebody (Who Loves Me)" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In the United States, automobile model - year sales traditionally begin with the fourth quarter of the preceding year. So model year refers to the sales model year; for example, vehicles sold during the period from October 1 to September 30 of the following year belong to a single model year. In addition, the launch of the new model - year has long been coordinated to the launch of the traditional new television season (as defined by A.C. Nielsen) in late September, because of the heavy dependence between television to offer products from automakers to advertise, and the car companies to launch their new models at a high - profile time of year.", "title": "Model year" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Hey, Little One is the eighth album by American singer-guitarist Glen Campbell, released in 1968 by Capitol Records. The single \"I Wanna Live\" became Campbell's first #1 hit on the country charts.", "title": "Hey Little One" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"And It Feels Like\" was the first single from American country pop singer LeAnn Rimes' album \"Whatever We Wanna\". It was one of the only singles of her career not to be released in the United States.", "title": "And It Feels Like" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Since 1998, Ford began to use the Ranger nameplate globally. The Ranger was discontinued in the United States and Canada for the 2011 model year, while sales of an updated version continued in international markets throughout the 2012 to 2018 model years. As of the 2019 model year, Ford will resume sales of the Ford Ranger in the United States and Canada.", "title": "Ford Ranger" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Lila is the debut album of American country music singer Lila McCann. Released in 1997 on Asylum Records, the album produced four singles on the \"Billboard\" Hot Country Singles & Tracks (now Hot Country Songs) charts: \"Down Came a Blackbird\" (#28), \"I Wanna Fall in Love\" (#3, McCann's highest-charting single), a cover of Sheena Easton's \"Almost Over You\" (#42) and finally, \"Yippy Ky Yay\" (#63). The album itself has been certified platinum by the RIAA for U.S. shipments of one million copies, and it was the highest-selling debut album by a country artist in 1997.", "title": "Lila (album)" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Why Ya Wanna\" is a song recorded by American actress and country music artist Jana Kramer. It was released in January 2012 as the first single from her self-titled debut album, which was released on June 5. Three years later the song appeared as a bonus track on the Target Exclusive of her second studio album, \"Thirty One\". The song was written by Ashley Gorley, Catt Gravitt and Chris DeStefano.", "title": "Why Ya Wanna" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``I Wanna Talk About Me ''is a song written by Bobby Braddock and recorded by American country music artist Toby Keith. It was released in August 2001 as the second single from Keith's album Pull My Chain. The song was his seventh Number One single on the Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks charts.", "title": "I Wanna Talk About Me" } ]	In what year did the unification of the country of I Wanna Be a Model happen?	1963	[]	Title: And It Feels Like Passage: "And It Feels Like" was the first single from American country pop singer LeAnn Rimes' album "Whatever We Wanna". It was one of the only singles of her career not to be released in the United States. Title: I Wanna Dance with Somebody (Who Loves Me) Passage: ``I Wanna Dance with Somebody (Who Loves Me) ''Single by Whitney Houston from the album Whitney B - side`` Moment of Truth'' Released May 2, 1987 (1987 - 05 - 02) Format CD single cassette single 7 ''single 12'' single Recorded October 1986 Genre Dance - pop R&B Length 4: 50 (album version) 8: 33 (12 ''remix) Label Arista Songwriter (s) George Merrill Shannon Rubicam Producer (s) Narada Michael Walden Whitney Houston singles chronology ``The Greatest Love of All'' (1986)`` I Wanna Dance with Somebody (Who Loves Me) ''(1987) ``Did n't We Almost Have It All'' (1987)`` The Greatest Love of All ''(1986) ``I Wanna Dance with Somebody (Who Loves Me)'' (1987)`` Did n't We Almost Have It All ''(1987) Whitney track listing ``I Wanna Dance With Somebody'' (1)`` Just the Lonely Talking Again ''(2) Music video ``I Wanna Dance With Somebody (Who Loves Me)'' on YouTube Title: POUM Passage: The election result led to a crisis for the POUM as well as for most parties to the left of the PCE, from which it was not able to recover. The POUM continued to exist as a small party with an office in Barcelona and a monthly newspaper, "La Batalla", calling for cooperation among the various far-left parties, but an attempted merger with Communist Action and the Collective for Marxist Unification failed during a "Unification Congress" in 1978. After this setback, the POUM decided not to participate in the 1979 elections. POUM branches in several cities became part of local coalitions and unification attempts with various far-left groups. In 1980, the POUM made its last electoral efforts, supporting Herri Batasuna in the Basque country and participating in the Left Bloc for National Liberation (BEAN - Unitat Popular) coalition in the Catalan parliamentary election, but the party was disintegrating. "La Batalla" ceased publication in May 1980, marking the end of the POUM as an organized party, though it was never officially dissolved. As a last remnant, the Valencia branch remained active until 1981. Title: I Wanna Talk About Me Passage: ``I Wanna Talk About Me ''is a song written by Bobby Braddock and recorded by American country music artist Toby Keith. It was released in August 2001 as the second single from Keith's album Pull My Chain. The song was his seventh Number One single on the Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks charts. Title: A Woman in Love (Ronnie Milsap song) Passage: "A Woman in Love" is a song written by Curtis Wright and Doug Millett, and recorded by American country music singer Ronnie Milsap. It was released in September 1989 as the third single from the album "Stranger Things Have Happened". It was his last song to reach number one on the U.S. country singles chart. Title: I Wanna Be A Model Passage: I Wanna Be A Model (我要做 Model) is the Malaysian version of Make Me A Supermodel. The show is open to all Malaysians who can speak fluent Mandarin. Title: Tanzania Passage: Stock trader and financial risk engineer Nassim Nicholas Taleb, author of the 2007 book The Black Swan, spent years warning against the breakdown of the banking system in particular and the economy in general owing to their use of bad risk models and reliance on forecasting, and their reliance on bad models, and framed the problem as part of "robustness and fragility". He also took action against the establishment view by making a big financial bet on banking stocks and making a fortune from the crisis ("They didn't listen, so I took their money"). According to David Brooks from the New York Times, "Taleb not only has an explanation for what’s happening, he saw it coming." Title: Model year Passage: In the United States, automobile model - year sales traditionally begin with the fourth quarter of the preceding year. So model year refers to the sales model year; for example, vehicles sold during the period from October 1 to September 30 of the following year belong to a single model year. In addition, the launch of the new model - year has long been coordinated to the launch of the traditional new television season (as defined by A.C. Nielsen) in late September, because of the heavy dependence between television to offer products from automakers to advertise, and the car companies to launch their new models at a high - profile time of year. Title: Force Passage: The development of fundamental theories for forces proceeded along the lines of unification of disparate ideas. For example, Isaac Newton unified the force responsible for objects falling at the surface of the Earth with the force responsible for the orbits of celestial mechanics in his universal theory of gravitation. Michael Faraday and James Clerk Maxwell demonstrated that electric and magnetic forces were unified through one consistent theory of electromagnetism. In the 20th century, the development of quantum mechanics led to a modern understanding that the first three fundamental forces (all except gravity) are manifestations of matter (fermions) interacting by exchanging virtual particles called gauge bosons. This standard model of particle physics posits a similarity between the forces and led scientists to predict the unification of the weak and electromagnetic forces in electroweak theory subsequently confirmed by observation. The complete formulation of the standard model predicts an as yet unobserved Higgs mechanism, but observations such as neutrino oscillations indicate that the standard model is incomplete. A Grand Unified Theory allowing for the combination of the electroweak interaction with the strong force is held out as a possibility with candidate theories such as supersymmetry proposed to accommodate some of the outstanding unsolved problems in physics. Physicists are still attempting to develop self-consistent unification models that would combine all four fundamental interactions into a theory of everything. Einstein tried and failed at this endeavor, but currently the most popular approach to answering this question is string theory.:212–219 Title: I Don't Wanna Cry (Larry Gatlin song) Passage: "I Don't Wanna Cry" is a song written and recorded by American country music artist Larry Gatlin. It was released in May 1977 as the second single from the album "Love Is Just a Game". The song reached number 3 on the "Billboard" Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart. Title: Lila (album) Passage: Lila is the debut album of American country music singer Lila McCann. Released in 1997 on Asylum Records, the album produced four singles on the "Billboard" Hot Country Singles & Tracks (now Hot Country Songs) charts: "Down Came a Blackbird" (#28), "I Wanna Fall in Love" (#3, McCann's highest-charting single), a cover of Sheena Easton's "Almost Over You" (#42) and finally, "Yippy Ky Yay" (#63). The album itself has been certified platinum by the RIAA for U.S. shipments of one million copies, and it was the highest-selling debut album by a country artist in 1997. Title: Kingdom of England Passage: During the following years Northumbria repeatedly changed hands between the English kings and the Norwegian invaders, but was definitively brought under English control by Eadred in 954, completing the unification of England. At about this time, Lothian, the northern part of Northumbria (Roman Bernicia), was ceded to the Kingdom of Scotland. On 12 July 927 the monarchs of Britain gathered at Eamont in Cumbria to recognise Æthelstan as king of the English. This can be considered England's' foundation date ', although the process of unification had taken almost 100 years. Title: Malaysia Passage: Malaysia has its origins in the Malay kingdoms which, from the 18th century, became subject to the British Empire, along with the British Straits Settlements protectorate. Peninsular Malaysia was unified as the Malayan Union in 1946. Malaya was restructured as the Federation of Malaya in 1948, and achieved independence on 31 August 1957. Malaya united with North Borneo, Sarawak, and Singapore on 16 September 1963 to become Malaysia. In 1965, Singapore was expelled from the federation.The country is multi-ethnic and multi-cultural, which plays a large role in its politics. About half the population is ethnically Malay, with large minorities of Malaysian Chinese, Malaysian Indians, and indigenous peoples. While recognising Islam as the country's established religion, the constitution grants freedom of religion to non-Muslims. The government system is closely modelled on the Westminster parliamentary system and the legal system is based on common law. The head of state is the king, known as the Yang di-Pertuan Agong. He is an elected monarch chosen from the hereditary rulers of the nine Malay states every five years. The head of government is the Prime Minister. The country's official language is Malaysian, a standard form of the Malay language. English remains an active second language. Title: Take Me to Your World / I Don't Wanna Play House Passage: Take Me to Your World / I Don't Wanna Play House is the second studio album by American country music singer-songwriter Tammy Wynette. It was released on January 22, 1968, by Epic Records. Title: Hecates Tholus Passage: Hecates Tholus is a Martian volcano, notable for results from the European Space Agency's Mars Express mission which indicate a major eruption took place 350 million years ago. The eruption created a caldera 10 km in diameter. It has been suggested that glacial deposits later partly filled the caldera and an adjacent depression. Crater counts indicate this happened as recently as 5 to 20 million years ago. However climate models show that ice is not stable at Hecates Tholus today, pointing to climate change since the glaciers were active. It has been shown that the age of the glaciers correspond to a period of increased obliquity of Mars' rotational axis. Title: How Far Do You Wanna Go? Passage: "How Far Do You Wanna Go?" is a song recorded by American country music group Gloriana, written by Danny Myrick, Jeffrey Steele and Matt Serletic. It was released in September 2009 as the second single from the band's self-titled debut album. Title: I Wanna Talk About Me Passage: ``I Wanna Talk About Me ''is a song written by Bobby Braddock and recorded by American country music artist Toby Keith. It was released in August 2001 as the second single from Keith's 2001 album Pull My Chain. The song was his seventh Number One single on the US Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart. Title: Why Ya Wanna Passage: "Why Ya Wanna" is a song recorded by American actress and country music artist Jana Kramer. It was released in January 2012 as the first single from her self-titled debut album, which was released on June 5. Three years later the song appeared as a bonus track on the Target Exclusive of her second studio album, "Thirty One". The song was written by Ashley Gorley, Catt Gravitt and Chris DeStefano. Title: Hey Little One Passage: Hey, Little One is the eighth album by American singer-guitarist Glen Campbell, released in 1968 by Capitol Records. The single "I Wanna Live" became Campbell's first #1 hit on the country charts. Title: Ford Ranger Passage: Since 1998, Ford began to use the Ranger nameplate globally. The Ranger was discontinued in the United States and Canada for the 2011 model year, while sales of an updated version continued in international markets throughout the 2012 to 2018 model years. As of the 2019 model year, Ford will resume sales of the Ford Ranger in the United States and Canada.	[ "Malaysia", "I Wanna Be A Model" ]
2hop__497269_62016	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "This was the first season where the contestants were permitted to perform in the final rounds songs they wrote themselves. In the Top 8, Sam Woolf received the fewest votes, but he was saved from elimination by the judges. The 500th episode of the series was the Top 3 performance night.", "title": "American Idol" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Don't Tell Mom the Babysitter's Dead is a 1991 American coming-of-age black comedy film directed by Stephen Herek and starring Christina Applegate, Joanna Cassidy, Josh Charles and David Duchovny.", "title": "Don't Tell Mom the Babysitter's Dead" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Freaky Friday is an American musical television film that premiered as a Disney Channel Original Movie on August 10, 2018. Based on the book Freaky Friday by Mary Rodgers and the Disney Theatrical Productions stage adaptation by Bridget Carpenter, the film stars Cozi Zuehlsdorff and Heidi Blickenstaff.", "title": "Freaky Friday (2018 film)" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The final showdown was between Justin Guarini, one of the early favorites, and Kelly Clarkson. Clarkson was not initially thought of as a contender, but impressed the judges with some good performances in the final rounds, such as her performance of Aretha Franklin's \"Natural Woman\", and Betty Hutton's \"Stuff Like That There\", and eventually won the crown on September 4, 2002.", "title": "American Idol" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "``Freaky Friday ''Single by Lil Dicky featuring Chris Brown Released March 15, 2018 (2018 - 03 - 15) Format Digital download Genre Hip hop comedy hip hop Length 3: 36 Label Dirty Burd Songwriter (s) David Burd Christopher Brown Magnus August Høiberg Lewis Hughes Wilbart McCoy III Joshua Coleman Dijon McFarlane Benjamin Levin Nicholas Audino Producer (s) Benny Blanco Twice as Nice DJ Mustard Lil Dicky singles chronology`` Sit Down'' (2016) ``Freaky Friday ''(2018) Chris Brown singles chronology`` Stranger Things'' (2018) ``Freaky Friday ''(2018)`` Overdose'' (2018) Music video ``Freaky Friday ''on YouTube", "title": "Freaky Friday (song)" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Bethany Beardslee (born December 25, 1925) is an American soprano particularly noted for her collaborations with major 20th-century composers, such as Igor Stravinsky, Milton Babbitt, Pierre Boulez, George Perle, Sir Peter Maxwell Davies and her performances of great contemporary classical music by Arnold Schoenberg, Alban Berg, Anton Webern. Her legacy amongst midcentury composers was as a \"composer's singer\"—for her commitment to the highest art of new music. Milton Babbitt said of her \"She manages to learn music no one else in the world can. She can work, work, work.\" In a 1961 interview for Newsweek, Beardslee flaunted her unflinching repertoire and disdain for commercialism: \"I don't think in terms of the public... Music is for the musicians. If the public wants to come along and study it, fine. I don't go and try to tell a scientist his business because I don't know anything about it. Music is just the same way. Music is \"not\" entertainment.\"", "title": "Bethany Beardslee" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Don't Call Me Charlie is an American sitcom that aired on NBC during the 1962-1963 TV season on Friday night from 9:30 pm to 10:00 pm est. Created by Don McGuire, the 18-episode series starred Josh Peine, Linda Lawson, John Hubbard, Arte Johnson, Penny Santon, Cully Richards, Louise Glenn, and Alan Napier.", "title": "Don't Call Me Charlie" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Here Comes the Judge\" is a song and single by American soul and comedy singer Pigmeat Markham first released in 1968 on the Chess label.The record entered the UK charts in July 1968, spending eight weeks on the charts and reaching 19 as its highest position. The song originated with his signature comedy routine \"heyeah (here) come da judge\", which made a mockery of formal courtroom etiquette. Due to its rhythmic use of boastful dialogue, it is considered a precursor to hip hop music.", "title": "Here Comes the Judge (Pigmeat Markham song)" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "\"Don't Judge Me\" is a song by American recording artist Chris Brown on his fifth studio album, \"Fortune\" (2012). It was written by Brown and produced by The Messengers. The song was sent to urban contemporary radio stations in the United States on August 14, 2012 as the fifth and final single from the album. \"Don't Judge Me\" is a midtempo ballad, with lyrics in which Brown asks his lover to forgive him \"for his past indiscretions\" and \"move on with the future.\" The lyrics reportedly referred to Brown's former relationships with aspiring American model and fashion designer Karrueche Tran and Barbadian recording artist Rihanna.", "title": "Don't Judge Me" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Guest judges may occasionally be introduced. In season two, guest judges such as Lionel Richie and Robin Gibb were used, and in season three Donna Summer, Quentin Tarantino and some of the mentors also joined as judges to critique the performances in the final rounds. Guest judges were used in the audition rounds for seasons four, six, nine, and fourteen such as Gene Simmons and LL Cool J in season four, Jewel and Olivia Newton-John in season six, Shania Twain in season eight, Neil Patrick Harris, Avril Lavigne and Katy Perry in season nine, and season eight runner-up, Adam Lambert, in season fourteen.", "title": "American Idol" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Ari Lehman (born May 2, 1965 in New York, New York) is an American performing artist, composer, and actor. He is known for having played the first Jason Voorhees as a child in the Paramount horror film \"Friday the 13th\". Lehman currently performs in a punk rock/heavy metal band, First Jason.", "title": "Ari Lehman" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The general selection process of each season is begun by the production team with open auditions held in various cities across the United States. Dubbed ``Producers' Auditions '', they are held months before the main stage of auditions are held. Those that make it through the initial stage, become participants in the`` Judges' Auditions'', which are held in select cities across the country, and attended by the judges. Each participant is held offstage and awaits their turn to perform before the judges, whereupon they are given 90 seconds to demonstrate their act, with a live audience present for all performances. At the end of a performance, the judges give constructive criticism and feedback about what they saw, whereupon they each give a vote - a participant who receives a majority vote approving their performance, moves on to the next stage, otherwise they are eliminated from the programme at that stage. Each judge is given a buzzer, and may use it during a performance if they are unimpressed, hate what is being performed, or feel the act is a waste of their time; if a participant is buzzed by all judges, their performance is automatically over and they are eliminated without being given a vote. Many acts that move on may be cut by producers and may forfeit due to the limited slots available for the second performance. Filming for each season always takes place when the Judges' Auditions are taking place, with the show's presenter standing in the wings of each venue's stage to interview and give personal commentary on a participant's performance.", "title": "America's Got Talent" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The wildcard round returned in season eight, wherein there were three groups of twelve, with three contestants moving forward – the highest male, the highest female, and the next highest-placed singer - for each night, and four wildcards were chosen by the judges to produce a final 13. Starting season ten, the girls and boys perform on separate nights. In seasons ten and eleven, five of each gender were chosen, and three wildcards were chosen by the judges to form a final 13. In season twelve, the top twenty semifinalists were split into gender groups, with five of each gender advancing to form the final 10. In season thirteen, there were thirty semifinalists, but only twenty semifinalists (ten for each gender) were chosen by the judges to perform on the live shows, with five in each gender and three wildcards chosen by the judges composing the final 13.", "title": "American Idol" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Ishmael and the Return of the Dugongs is a fiction book by Michael Gerard Bauer, released in 2007. It is the first sequel to Don't Call Me Ishmael. Ishmael and the Return of the Dugongs won the \"Book Council of Australia: Junior Judges Award\" in 2007.", "title": "Ishmael and the Return of the Dugongs" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Freaky Gurl\" is a song by rapper Gucci Mane from his albums \"Hard to Kill\" and \"Trap-A-Thon\". The song was produced by Cyber Sapp and sampled elements from a 2002 song called \"Lick\" by Joi and Superfreak by Rick James.", "title": "Freaky Gurl" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Contestants that make it into the semi-finals by making it through the auditions and being chosen by the judges (or, from series 8, received the Golden Buzzer during their audition), perform once more before an audience and the judges, with their performance broadcast on live television. Until the tenth series, live episodes were broadcast from The Fountain Studios in Wembley, the same site used for The X Factor, but following its closure in 2016, the show relocated its live episodes to Elstree Studios in 2017, before moving to Hammersmith Apollo the following year. Like the Audition stage of the contest, each semi-finalist must attempt to impress by primarily conducting a new routine of their act within the same span of time; the judges can still use a buzzer if they are displeased with a performance and can end it early if all the buzzers are used, along with giving a personal opinion about an act when the performance is over. Of the semi-finalists that take part, only two can progress into the final, which is determined by two different types of votes - a public phone vote, and a judges' vote.", "title": "Britain's Got Talent" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"If It Don't Come Easy\" is a song written by Dave Gibson and Craig Karp, and recorded by American country music artist Tanya Tucker. It was released in February 1988 as the third single from the album \"Love Me Like You Used To\". \"If It Don't Come Easy\" was Tanya Tucker's ninth number one on the country chart. The single went to number one for one week and spent fourteen weeks on the country chart.", "title": "If It Don't Come Easy" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"She Can't Say That Anymore\" is a song written by Sonny Throckmorton and recorded by American country music performer John Conlee. It was released in September 1980 as the second single from the album \"Friday Night Blues\". The song reached #2 on the \"Billboard\" Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart.", "title": "She Can't Say That Anymore" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Freaky Friday Directed by Gary Nelson Produced by Ron Miller Written by Mary Rodgers Starring Barbara Harris Jodie Foster John Astin Music by Johnny Mandel Cinematography Charles F. Wheeler Edited by Cotton Warburton Production company Walt Disney Productions Distributed by Buena Vista Distribution Release date December 17, 1976 (1976 - 12 - 17) (Los Angeles premiere) January 21, 1977 (1977 - 01 - 21) (United States) Running time 95 minutes Country United States Language English Budget $5 million Box office $25.9 million", "title": "Freaky Friday (1976 film)" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Here She Comes Now\"/\"Venus in Furs\" is a split single from the American rock bands Nirvana and The Melvins. It was released in 1991 and includes the songs \"Here She Comes Now\" performed by Nirvana, and \"Venus in Furs\" performed by The Melvins. Both songs are cover versions of Velvet Underground songs.", "title": "Here She Comes Now / Venus in Furs" } ]	When did the performer of Don't Judge Me release freaky friday?	March 15, 2018	[]	Title: Freaky Gurl Passage: "Freaky Gurl" is a song by rapper Gucci Mane from his albums "Hard to Kill" and "Trap-A-Thon". The song was produced by Cyber Sapp and sampled elements from a 2002 song called "Lick" by Joi and Superfreak by Rick James. Title: Here She Comes Now / Venus in Furs Passage: "Here She Comes Now"/"Venus in Furs" is a split single from the American rock bands Nirvana and The Melvins. It was released in 1991 and includes the songs "Here She Comes Now" performed by Nirvana, and "Venus in Furs" performed by The Melvins. Both songs are cover versions of Velvet Underground songs. Title: Here Comes the Judge (Pigmeat Markham song) Passage: "Here Comes the Judge" is a song and single by American soul and comedy singer Pigmeat Markham first released in 1968 on the Chess label.The record entered the UK charts in July 1968, spending eight weeks on the charts and reaching 19 as its highest position. The song originated with his signature comedy routine "heyeah (here) come da judge", which made a mockery of formal courtroom etiquette. Due to its rhythmic use of boastful dialogue, it is considered a precursor to hip hop music. Title: If It Don't Come Easy Passage: "If It Don't Come Easy" is a song written by Dave Gibson and Craig Karp, and recorded by American country music artist Tanya Tucker. It was released in February 1988 as the third single from the album "Love Me Like You Used To". "If It Don't Come Easy" was Tanya Tucker's ninth number one on the country chart. The single went to number one for one week and spent fourteen weeks on the country chart. Title: Freaky Friday (1976 film) Passage: Freaky Friday Directed by Gary Nelson Produced by Ron Miller Written by Mary Rodgers Starring Barbara Harris Jodie Foster John Astin Music by Johnny Mandel Cinematography Charles F. Wheeler Edited by Cotton Warburton Production company Walt Disney Productions Distributed by Buena Vista Distribution Release date December 17, 1976 (1976 - 12 - 17) (Los Angeles premiere) January 21, 1977 (1977 - 01 - 21) (United States) Running time 95 minutes Country United States Language English Budget $5 million Box office $25.9 million Title: She Can't Say That Anymore Passage: "She Can't Say That Anymore" is a song written by Sonny Throckmorton and recorded by American country music performer John Conlee. It was released in September 1980 as the second single from the album "Friday Night Blues". The song reached #2 on the "Billboard" Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart. Title: Britain's Got Talent Passage: Contestants that make it into the semi-finals by making it through the auditions and being chosen by the judges (or, from series 8, received the Golden Buzzer during their audition), perform once more before an audience and the judges, with their performance broadcast on live television. Until the tenth series, live episodes were broadcast from The Fountain Studios in Wembley, the same site used for The X Factor, but following its closure in 2016, the show relocated its live episodes to Elstree Studios in 2017, before moving to Hammersmith Apollo the following year. Like the Audition stage of the contest, each semi-finalist must attempt to impress by primarily conducting a new routine of their act within the same span of time; the judges can still use a buzzer if they are displeased with a performance and can end it early if all the buzzers are used, along with giving a personal opinion about an act when the performance is over. Of the semi-finalists that take part, only two can progress into the final, which is determined by two different types of votes - a public phone vote, and a judges' vote. Title: Freaky Friday (2018 film) Passage: Freaky Friday is an American musical television film that premiered as a Disney Channel Original Movie on August 10, 2018. Based on the book Freaky Friday by Mary Rodgers and the Disney Theatrical Productions stage adaptation by Bridget Carpenter, the film stars Cozi Zuehlsdorff and Heidi Blickenstaff. Title: Freaky Friday (song) Passage: ``Freaky Friday ''Single by Lil Dicky featuring Chris Brown Released March 15, 2018 (2018 - 03 - 15) Format Digital download Genre Hip hop comedy hip hop Length 3: 36 Label Dirty Burd Songwriter (s) David Burd Christopher Brown Magnus August Høiberg Lewis Hughes Wilbart McCoy III Joshua Coleman Dijon McFarlane Benjamin Levin Nicholas Audino Producer (s) Benny Blanco Twice as Nice DJ Mustard Lil Dicky singles chronology`` Sit Down'' (2016) ``Freaky Friday ''(2018) Chris Brown singles chronology`` Stranger Things'' (2018) ``Freaky Friday ''(2018)`` Overdose'' (2018) Music video ``Freaky Friday ''on YouTube Title: Ari Lehman Passage: Ari Lehman (born May 2, 1965 in New York, New York) is an American performing artist, composer, and actor. He is known for having played the first Jason Voorhees as a child in the Paramount horror film "Friday the 13th". Lehman currently performs in a punk rock/heavy metal band, First Jason. Title: American Idol Passage: The wildcard round returned in season eight, wherein there were three groups of twelve, with three contestants moving forward – the highest male, the highest female, and the next highest-placed singer - for each night, and four wildcards were chosen by the judges to produce a final 13. Starting season ten, the girls and boys perform on separate nights. In seasons ten and eleven, five of each gender were chosen, and three wildcards were chosen by the judges to form a final 13. In season twelve, the top twenty semifinalists were split into gender groups, with five of each gender advancing to form the final 10. In season thirteen, there were thirty semifinalists, but only twenty semifinalists (ten for each gender) were chosen by the judges to perform on the live shows, with five in each gender and three wildcards chosen by the judges composing the final 13. Title: Don't Judge Me Passage: "Don't Judge Me" is a song by American recording artist Chris Brown on his fifth studio album, "Fortune" (2012). It was written by Brown and produced by The Messengers. The song was sent to urban contemporary radio stations in the United States on August 14, 2012 as the fifth and final single from the album. "Don't Judge Me" is a midtempo ballad, with lyrics in which Brown asks his lover to forgive him "for his past indiscretions" and "move on with the future." The lyrics reportedly referred to Brown's former relationships with aspiring American model and fashion designer Karrueche Tran and Barbadian recording artist Rihanna. Title: American Idol Passage: This was the first season where the contestants were permitted to perform in the final rounds songs they wrote themselves. In the Top 8, Sam Woolf received the fewest votes, but he was saved from elimination by the judges. The 500th episode of the series was the Top 3 performance night. Title: Ishmael and the Return of the Dugongs Passage: Ishmael and the Return of the Dugongs is a fiction book by Michael Gerard Bauer, released in 2007. It is the first sequel to Don't Call Me Ishmael. Ishmael and the Return of the Dugongs won the "Book Council of Australia: Junior Judges Award" in 2007. Title: American Idol Passage: The final showdown was between Justin Guarini, one of the early favorites, and Kelly Clarkson. Clarkson was not initially thought of as a contender, but impressed the judges with some good performances in the final rounds, such as her performance of Aretha Franklin's "Natural Woman", and Betty Hutton's "Stuff Like That There", and eventually won the crown on September 4, 2002. Title: Bethany Beardslee Passage: Bethany Beardslee (born December 25, 1925) is an American soprano particularly noted for her collaborations with major 20th-century composers, such as Igor Stravinsky, Milton Babbitt, Pierre Boulez, George Perle, Sir Peter Maxwell Davies and her performances of great contemporary classical music by Arnold Schoenberg, Alban Berg, Anton Webern. Her legacy amongst midcentury composers was as a "composer's singer"—for her commitment to the highest art of new music. Milton Babbitt said of her "She manages to learn music no one else in the world can. She can work, work, work." In a 1961 interview for Newsweek, Beardslee flaunted her unflinching repertoire and disdain for commercialism: "I don't think in terms of the public... Music is for the musicians. If the public wants to come along and study it, fine. I don't go and try to tell a scientist his business because I don't know anything about it. Music is just the same way. Music is "not" entertainment." Title: America's Got Talent Passage: The general selection process of each season is begun by the production team with open auditions held in various cities across the United States. Dubbed ``Producers' Auditions '', they are held months before the main stage of auditions are held. Those that make it through the initial stage, become participants in the`` Judges' Auditions'', which are held in select cities across the country, and attended by the judges. Each participant is held offstage and awaits their turn to perform before the judges, whereupon they are given 90 seconds to demonstrate their act, with a live audience present for all performances. At the end of a performance, the judges give constructive criticism and feedback about what they saw, whereupon they each give a vote - a participant who receives a majority vote approving their performance, moves on to the next stage, otherwise they are eliminated from the programme at that stage. Each judge is given a buzzer, and may use it during a performance if they are unimpressed, hate what is being performed, or feel the act is a waste of their time; if a participant is buzzed by all judges, their performance is automatically over and they are eliminated without being given a vote. Many acts that move on may be cut by producers and may forfeit due to the limited slots available for the second performance. Filming for each season always takes place when the Judges' Auditions are taking place, with the show's presenter standing in the wings of each venue's stage to interview and give personal commentary on a participant's performance. Title: Don't Call Me Charlie Passage: Don't Call Me Charlie is an American sitcom that aired on NBC during the 1962-1963 TV season on Friday night from 9:30 pm to 10:00 pm est. Created by Don McGuire, the 18-episode series starred Josh Peine, Linda Lawson, John Hubbard, Arte Johnson, Penny Santon, Cully Richards, Louise Glenn, and Alan Napier. Title: Don't Tell Mom the Babysitter's Dead Passage: Don't Tell Mom the Babysitter's Dead is a 1991 American coming-of-age black comedy film directed by Stephen Herek and starring Christina Applegate, Joanna Cassidy, Josh Charles and David Duchovny. Title: American Idol Passage: Guest judges may occasionally be introduced. In season two, guest judges such as Lionel Richie and Robin Gibb were used, and in season three Donna Summer, Quentin Tarantino and some of the mentors also joined as judges to critique the performances in the final rounds. Guest judges were used in the audition rounds for seasons four, six, nine, and fourteen such as Gene Simmons and LL Cool J in season four, Jewel and Olivia Newton-John in season six, Shania Twain in season eight, Neil Patrick Harris, Avril Lavigne and Katy Perry in season nine, and season eight runner-up, Adam Lambert, in season fourteen.	[ "Freaky Friday (song)", "Don't Judge Me" ]
2hop__63539_71330	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Inder Jit Malhotra (17 March 1929 – 24 March 1993) was a member of the Lok Sabha, the lower house of the Parliament of India, representing the constituency of Jammu. A member of the Indian National Congress party, he served in the 2nd, 3rd, 4th, and 5th formations of the Lok Sabha from 1959 until he retired from office in 1977 from Kathua and Jammu. Prior to 1967, he was elected by the Legislative Assembly of Jammu and Kashmir to represent Jammu as a Member of Parliament. Direct elections for parliamentary seats by Jammu and Kashmir constituents began in 1967, when the 4th Lok Sabha was formed.", "title": "Inder Jit Malhotra" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Dajisaheb Chavan was among the early members of the All-India Peasants' and Workers' Party (शेतकरी कामगार पक्ष), a party founded in 1947 as an offshoot of the dominant Indian National Congress. He was elected from Karad seat to Lok Sabha in 1957 as the party's candidate, defeating Swami Ramanand Bharati of Congress. He left the party in 1960 to join Congress. He represented the seat in Lok Sabha until his death in 1973, winning elections in 1962, 1967 and 1971 elections as Congress candidate.", "title": "Dajisaheb Chavan" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Sivakasi was a Lok Sabha constituency in India which existed until the 2004 Lok sabha elections. It was converted into Virudhunagar constituency after delimitation in 2008.", "title": "Sivakasi (Lok Sabha constituency)" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "A Member of Parliament of Lok Sabha (Hindi: सांसद, लोक सभा) (abbreviated: MP) is the representative of the Indian people in the Lok Sabha; the lower house of the Parliament of India. Members of Parliament of Lok Sabha are chosen by direct elections on the basis of the adult suffrage. Parliament of India is bicameral with two houses; Rajya Sabha (Upper house i.e. Council of States) and the Lok Sabha (Lower house i.e. House of the People). The maximum permitted strength of Members of Parliament in the Lok Sabha is 552. This includes maximum 530 members to represent the constituencies and states, up to 20 members to represent the Union Territories (both chosen by direct elections) and not more than two members of the Anglo - Indian community to be nominated by the President of India. The majority party in the Lok Sabha chooses the Prime Minister of India.", "title": "Member of parliament, Lok Sabha" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Parliament of India Emblem of India Type Type Bicameral Houses Rajya Sabha Lok Sabha History Founded 26 January 1950 (68 years ago) (1950 - 01 - 26) Preceded by Constituent Assembly of India Leadership President Ram Nath Kovind Since 25 July 2017 Chairman of Rajya Sabha (Vice President) Venkaiah Naidu Since 11 August 2017 Deputy Chairman of the Rajya Sabha P.J. Kurien, INC Since 21 August 2012 Speaker of the Lok Sabha Sumitra Mahajan, BJP Since 6 June 2014 Deputy Speaker of the Lok Sabha M. Thambidurai, AIADMK Since 13 August 2014 Leader of the House (Lok Sabha) Narendra Modi, BJP Since 26 May 2014 Leader of the House (Rajya Sabha) Arun Jaitley, BJP Since 2 June 2014 Structure Seats 790 245 Members of Rajya Sabha 545 Members of Lok Sabha Rajya Sabha political groups NDA (Majority) UPA Lok Sabha political groups NDA (Majority) UPA Elections Rajya Sabha voting system Single transferable vote Lok Sabha voting system First past the post Rajya Sabha last election 21 July and 08 August 2017 Lok Sabha last election 7 April -- 12 May 2014 Rajya Sabha next election 16 January, 23 March and 21 June 2018 Lok Sabha next election April -- May 2019 Meeting place Sansad Bhavan, Sansad Marg, New Delhi, India Website parliamentofindia.nic.in Constitution Constitution of India", "title": "Parliament of India" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Speaker of the Lok Sabha is the presiding officer of the Lok Sabha, the lower house of the Parliament of India. The speaker is elected in the very first meeting of the Lok Sabha following general elections. Serving for a term of five years, the Speaker chosen from amongst the members of the Lok Sabha, and is by convention a member of the ruling party or alliance.", "title": "Speaker of the Lok Sabha" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Palghar Lok Sabha constituency is one of the 48 Lok Sabha (lower house of Indian parliament) constituencies of Maharashtra state in western India. This constituency was created on 19 February 2008 as a part of the implementation of the Presidential notification based on the recommendations of the Delimitation Commission of India constituted on 12 July 2002. The seat is reserved for Scheduled Tribes. It first held elections in 2009 and its first member of parliament (MP) was Baliram Sukur Jadhav of Bahujan Vikas Aghadi. As of the 2014 election, Chintaman Vanaga of the Bharatiya Janata Party represented this constituency in the Lok Sabha. After sudden demise of Chintaman Vanaga, Bharatiya Janata Party gave ticket to Rajendra Gavit for by-elections.", "title": "Palghar (Lok Sabha constituency)" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The maximum strength of the House allotted by the Constitution of India is 552. Currently the house has 545 seats which is made up by election of up to 543 elected members and at a maximum, 2 nominated members of the Anglo - Indian Community by the President of India. A total of 131 seats (24.03%) are reserved for representatives of Scheduled Castes (84) and Scheduled Tribes (47). The quorum for the House is 10% of the total membership. The Lok Sabha, unless sooner dissolved, continues to operate for five years from the date appointed for its first meeting. However, while a proclamation of emergency is in operation, this period may be extended by Parliament by law.", "title": "Lok Sabha" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Kokrajhar Lok Sabha constituency is one of the 14 Lok Sabha constituencies in Assam state in north-eastern India. The seat is reserved for scheduled tribes.", "title": "Kokrajhar (Lok Sabha constituency)" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Members of the 16th Lok Sabha were elected during the 2014 Indian general election. The elections were conducted in 9 phases from 7 April 2014 to 12 May 2014 by the Election Commission of India. The results of the election were declared on 16 May 2014. The Bharatiya Janata Party (of the NDA) achieved an absolute majority with 282 seats out of 543, 166 more than previous 15th Lok Sabha. Its PM candidate Narendra Modi took office on 26 May 2014 as the 14th prime minister of independent India. The first session was scheduled to be convened from June 4 to June 11, 2014. There is no leader of the opposition in the 16th Lok Sabha as the Indian Parliament rules state that a party in the Lok Sabha must have at least 10% of total seats (545) in order to be considered the opposition party. The Indian National Congress (of the UPA) could only manage 44 seats while the All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam party from Tamil Nadu came a close third with 37 seats. Mallikarjun Kharge has been declared the leader of the Indian National Congress in the Lok Sabha. 5 sitting members from Rajya Sabha, the Upper House of Indian Parliament, were elected to 16th Lok Sabha after the Indian general elections, 2014.", "title": "16th Lok Sabha" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Valsad Lok Sabha constituency (formerly Bulsar Lok Sabha constituency) () is one of the 26 Lok Sabha (parliamentary) constituencies in Gujarat state in western India. This seat is considered a bellwether seat in India. It is believed that the party which wins this seat will form the central government.", "title": "Valsad (Lok Sabha constituency)" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Gondia Lok Sabha constituency was a Lok Sabha (Parliamentary) constituency of Maharashtra state in western India. This constituency was in existence during Lok Sabha elections of 1962 for the 3rd Lok Sabha. It was abolished from next 1967 Lok Sabha elections. It was reserved for Scheduled Caste candidate.", "title": "Gondia (Lok Sabha constituency)" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In the 2009-2014 Lok Sabha, Mrs. Meira Kumar (its speaker) and Sri Kariya Munda (Deputy Speaker of Lok Sabha) were unanimously elected to their posts. Hailing Mr. Munda's election, the Prime Minister Manmohan Singh hoped that the spirit of accommodation seen in the election of the Speaker and the Deputy Speaker, would continue through the duration of the 15th Lok Sabha. Pranab Mukherjee, then the Leader of the House [former President of India], was glad that a 32-year-old unbroken tradition of having the Deputy Speaker from the Opposition, which had begun in 1977, the very 1st year when Sri Munda entered the Lok Sabha, had been carried forward, with his unanimous election. Advani, the BJP stalwart, echoed similar sentiments. Munda has been a 7-time MP from Khunti constituency of Jharkhand State.", "title": "Kariya Munda" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Lok Sabha (House of the People) or the lower house has 545 members. 543 members are directly elected by citizens of India on the basis of universal adult franchise representing Parliamentary constituencies across the country and 2 members are appointed by the President of India from the Anglo-Indian Community. Every citizen of India who is over 18 years of age, irrespective of gender, caste, religion, or race and is otherwise not disqualified, is eligible to vote for the Lok Sabha. The Constitution provides that the maximum strength of the House be 552 members. It has a term of five years. To be eligible for membership in the Lok Sabha, a person must be a citizen of India and must be 25 years of age or older, mentally sound, should not be bankrupt, and should not be criminally convicted. The total elective membership is distributed among the states in such a way that the ratio between the number of seats allotted to each state and the population of the state is, so far as practicable, the same for all states.", "title": "Parliament of India" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Ganesh Vasudev Mavalankar (27 November 1888 – 27 February 1956) popularly known as Dadasaheb was an independence activist, the President (from 1946 to 1947) of the Central Legislative Assembly, then Speaker of the Constituent Assembly of India, and later the first Speaker of the Lok Sabha, the lower house of the Parliament of India. His son Purushottam Mavalankar was later elected to the Lok Sabha twice from Gujarat.", "title": "Ganesh Vasudev Mavalankar" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Ladakh Lok Sabha constituency is one of the six Lok Sabha (parliamentary) constituencies in Jammu and Kashmir state in northern India. Ladakh lok Sabha constituency is the largest Lok Sabha constituency in India in terms of area with a total area of 173266.37 km. The number of electors (voters) in Ladakh (Lok Sabha constituency) is 1.59 lakhs.", "title": "Ladakh (Lok Sabha constituency)" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The All India Trinamool Congress (abbreviated AITC, TMC or Trinamool Congress) is an Indian political party based in West Bengal. Founded on 1 January 1998, the party is led by its founder and current Chief Minister of West Bengal Mamata Banerjee. Prior to the 2009 general election it was the sixth largest party in the Lok Sabha with 19 seats; following the 2014 general election, it is currently the fourth largest party in the Lok Sabha with 34 seats.", "title": "All India Trinamool Congress" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Parliament of India is bicameral. Concurrence of both houses are required to pass any bill. However, the authors of the Constitution of India visualised situations of deadlock between the upper house i.e. Rajya Sabha and the lower house i.e. Lok Sabha. Therefore, the Constitution of India provides for Joint sittings of both the Houses to break this deadlock. The joint sitting of the Parliament is called by the President and is presided over by the Speaker or, in his absence, by the Deputy Speaker of the Lok Sabha or in his absence, the Deputy - Chairman of the Rajya Sabha. If any of the above officers are not present then any other member of the Parliament can preside by consensus of both the House.", "title": "Joint Session of the Parliament of India" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Indian general election of 2014 was held to constitute the 16th Lok Sabha, electing members of parliament for all 543 parliamentary constituencies of India. Running in nine phases from 7 April to 12 May 2014, it was the longest election in the country's history. According to the Election Commission of India, 814.5 million people were eligible to vote, with an increase of 100 million voters since the last general election in 2009, making it the largest - ever election in the world. Around 23.1 million or 2.7% of the total eligible voters were aged 18 -- 19 years. A total of 8,251 candidates contested for the 543 Lok Sabha seats. The average election turnout over all nine phases was around 66.38%, the highest ever in the history of Indian general elections.", "title": "2014 Indian general election" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "General elections were held in India in April -- May 1996 to elect the members of the 11th Lok Sabha. The result of the election was a hung parliament, which would see three Prime Ministers in two years and force the country back to the polls in 1998. Atal Bihari Vajpayee of Bharatiya Janta Party, single largest party to win this election, winning 67 more seats than previous 10th Lok Sabha, formed the government which lasted for only 16 days.", "title": "11th Lok Sabha" } ]	How many seats are in the body that elects the speker of lok sabha in India?	545	[]	Title: Gondia (Lok Sabha constituency) Passage: Gondia Lok Sabha constituency was a Lok Sabha (Parliamentary) constituency of Maharashtra state in western India. This constituency was in existence during Lok Sabha elections of 1962 for the 3rd Lok Sabha. It was abolished from next 1967 Lok Sabha elections. It was reserved for Scheduled Caste candidate. Title: Kariya Munda Passage: In the 2009-2014 Lok Sabha, Mrs. Meira Kumar (its speaker) and Sri Kariya Munda (Deputy Speaker of Lok Sabha) were unanimously elected to their posts. Hailing Mr. Munda's election, the Prime Minister Manmohan Singh hoped that the spirit of accommodation seen in the election of the Speaker and the Deputy Speaker, would continue through the duration of the 15th Lok Sabha. Pranab Mukherjee, then the Leader of the House [former President of India], was glad that a 32-year-old unbroken tradition of having the Deputy Speaker from the Opposition, which had begun in 1977, the very 1st year when Sri Munda entered the Lok Sabha, had been carried forward, with his unanimous election. Advani, the BJP stalwart, echoed similar sentiments. Munda has been a 7-time MP from Khunti constituency of Jharkhand State. Title: Ganesh Vasudev Mavalankar Passage: Ganesh Vasudev Mavalankar (27 November 1888 – 27 February 1956) popularly known as Dadasaheb was an independence activist, the President (from 1946 to 1947) of the Central Legislative Assembly, then Speaker of the Constituent Assembly of India, and later the first Speaker of the Lok Sabha, the lower house of the Parliament of India. His son Purushottam Mavalankar was later elected to the Lok Sabha twice from Gujarat. Title: Palghar (Lok Sabha constituency) Passage: Palghar Lok Sabha constituency is one of the 48 Lok Sabha (lower house of Indian parliament) constituencies of Maharashtra state in western India. This constituency was created on 19 February 2008 as a part of the implementation of the Presidential notification based on the recommendations of the Delimitation Commission of India constituted on 12 July 2002. The seat is reserved for Scheduled Tribes. It first held elections in 2009 and its first member of parliament (MP) was Baliram Sukur Jadhav of Bahujan Vikas Aghadi. As of the 2014 election, Chintaman Vanaga of the Bharatiya Janata Party represented this constituency in the Lok Sabha. After sudden demise of Chintaman Vanaga, Bharatiya Janata Party gave ticket to Rajendra Gavit for by-elections. Title: Joint Session of the Parliament of India Passage: The Parliament of India is bicameral. Concurrence of both houses are required to pass any bill. However, the authors of the Constitution of India visualised situations of deadlock between the upper house i.e. Rajya Sabha and the lower house i.e. Lok Sabha. Therefore, the Constitution of India provides for Joint sittings of both the Houses to break this deadlock. The joint sitting of the Parliament is called by the President and is presided over by the Speaker or, in his absence, by the Deputy Speaker of the Lok Sabha or in his absence, the Deputy - Chairman of the Rajya Sabha. If any of the above officers are not present then any other member of the Parliament can preside by consensus of both the House. Title: Dajisaheb Chavan Passage: Dajisaheb Chavan was among the early members of the All-India Peasants' and Workers' Party (शेतकरी कामगार पक्ष), a party founded in 1947 as an offshoot of the dominant Indian National Congress. He was elected from Karad seat to Lok Sabha in 1957 as the party's candidate, defeating Swami Ramanand Bharati of Congress. He left the party in 1960 to join Congress. He represented the seat in Lok Sabha until his death in 1973, winning elections in 1962, 1967 and 1971 elections as Congress candidate. Title: Ladakh (Lok Sabha constituency) Passage: Ladakh Lok Sabha constituency is one of the six Lok Sabha (parliamentary) constituencies in Jammu and Kashmir state in northern India. Ladakh lok Sabha constituency is the largest Lok Sabha constituency in India in terms of area with a total area of 173266.37 km. The number of electors (voters) in Ladakh (Lok Sabha constituency) is 1.59 lakhs. Title: Parliament of India Passage: Lok Sabha (House of the People) or the lower house has 545 members. 543 members are directly elected by citizens of India on the basis of universal adult franchise representing Parliamentary constituencies across the country and 2 members are appointed by the President of India from the Anglo-Indian Community. Every citizen of India who is over 18 years of age, irrespective of gender, caste, religion, or race and is otherwise not disqualified, is eligible to vote for the Lok Sabha. The Constitution provides that the maximum strength of the House be 552 members. It has a term of five years. To be eligible for membership in the Lok Sabha, a person must be a citizen of India and must be 25 years of age or older, mentally sound, should not be bankrupt, and should not be criminally convicted. The total elective membership is distributed among the states in such a way that the ratio between the number of seats allotted to each state and the population of the state is, so far as practicable, the same for all states. Title: Valsad (Lok Sabha constituency) Passage: Valsad Lok Sabha constituency (formerly Bulsar Lok Sabha constituency) () is one of the 26 Lok Sabha (parliamentary) constituencies in Gujarat state in western India. This seat is considered a bellwether seat in India. It is believed that the party which wins this seat will form the central government. Title: Sivakasi (Lok Sabha constituency) Passage: Sivakasi was a Lok Sabha constituency in India which existed until the 2004 Lok sabha elections. It was converted into Virudhunagar constituency after delimitation in 2008. Title: 11th Lok Sabha Passage: General elections were held in India in April -- May 1996 to elect the members of the 11th Lok Sabha. The result of the election was a hung parliament, which would see three Prime Ministers in two years and force the country back to the polls in 1998. Atal Bihari Vajpayee of Bharatiya Janta Party, single largest party to win this election, winning 67 more seats than previous 10th Lok Sabha, formed the government which lasted for only 16 days. Title: Parliament of India Passage: Parliament of India Emblem of India Type Type Bicameral Houses Rajya Sabha Lok Sabha History Founded 26 January 1950 (68 years ago) (1950 - 01 - 26) Preceded by Constituent Assembly of India Leadership President Ram Nath Kovind Since 25 July 2017 Chairman of Rajya Sabha (Vice President) Venkaiah Naidu Since 11 August 2017 Deputy Chairman of the Rajya Sabha P.J. Kurien, INC Since 21 August 2012 Speaker of the Lok Sabha Sumitra Mahajan, BJP Since 6 June 2014 Deputy Speaker of the Lok Sabha M. Thambidurai, AIADMK Since 13 August 2014 Leader of the House (Lok Sabha) Narendra Modi, BJP Since 26 May 2014 Leader of the House (Rajya Sabha) Arun Jaitley, BJP Since 2 June 2014 Structure Seats 790 245 Members of Rajya Sabha 545 Members of Lok Sabha Rajya Sabha political groups NDA (Majority) UPA Lok Sabha political groups NDA (Majority) UPA Elections Rajya Sabha voting system Single transferable vote Lok Sabha voting system First past the post Rajya Sabha last election 21 July and 08 August 2017 Lok Sabha last election 7 April -- 12 May 2014 Rajya Sabha next election 16 January, 23 March and 21 June 2018 Lok Sabha next election April -- May 2019 Meeting place Sansad Bhavan, Sansad Marg, New Delhi, India Website parliamentofindia.nic.in Constitution Constitution of India Title: Lok Sabha Passage: The maximum strength of the House allotted by the Constitution of India is 552. Currently the house has 545 seats which is made up by election of up to 543 elected members and at a maximum, 2 nominated members of the Anglo - Indian Community by the President of India. A total of 131 seats (24.03%) are reserved for representatives of Scheduled Castes (84) and Scheduled Tribes (47). The quorum for the House is 10% of the total membership. The Lok Sabha, unless sooner dissolved, continues to operate for five years from the date appointed for its first meeting. However, while a proclamation of emergency is in operation, this period may be extended by Parliament by law. Title: Speaker of the Lok Sabha Passage: The Speaker of the Lok Sabha is the presiding officer of the Lok Sabha, the lower house of the Parliament of India. The speaker is elected in the very first meeting of the Lok Sabha following general elections. Serving for a term of five years, the Speaker chosen from amongst the members of the Lok Sabha, and is by convention a member of the ruling party or alliance. Title: Inder Jit Malhotra Passage: Inder Jit Malhotra (17 March 1929 – 24 March 1993) was a member of the Lok Sabha, the lower house of the Parliament of India, representing the constituency of Jammu. A member of the Indian National Congress party, he served in the 2nd, 3rd, 4th, and 5th formations of the Lok Sabha from 1959 until he retired from office in 1977 from Kathua and Jammu. Prior to 1967, he was elected by the Legislative Assembly of Jammu and Kashmir to represent Jammu as a Member of Parliament. Direct elections for parliamentary seats by Jammu and Kashmir constituents began in 1967, when the 4th Lok Sabha was formed. Title: 2014 Indian general election Passage: The Indian general election of 2014 was held to constitute the 16th Lok Sabha, electing members of parliament for all 543 parliamentary constituencies of India. Running in nine phases from 7 April to 12 May 2014, it was the longest election in the country's history. According to the Election Commission of India, 814.5 million people were eligible to vote, with an increase of 100 million voters since the last general election in 2009, making it the largest - ever election in the world. Around 23.1 million or 2.7% of the total eligible voters were aged 18 -- 19 years. A total of 8,251 candidates contested for the 543 Lok Sabha seats. The average election turnout over all nine phases was around 66.38%, the highest ever in the history of Indian general elections. Title: Kokrajhar (Lok Sabha constituency) Passage: Kokrajhar Lok Sabha constituency is one of the 14 Lok Sabha constituencies in Assam state in north-eastern India. The seat is reserved for scheduled tribes. Title: 16th Lok Sabha Passage: Members of the 16th Lok Sabha were elected during the 2014 Indian general election. The elections were conducted in 9 phases from 7 April 2014 to 12 May 2014 by the Election Commission of India. The results of the election were declared on 16 May 2014. The Bharatiya Janata Party (of the NDA) achieved an absolute majority with 282 seats out of 543, 166 more than previous 15th Lok Sabha. Its PM candidate Narendra Modi took office on 26 May 2014 as the 14th prime minister of independent India. The first session was scheduled to be convened from June 4 to June 11, 2014. There is no leader of the opposition in the 16th Lok Sabha as the Indian Parliament rules state that a party in the Lok Sabha must have at least 10% of total seats (545) in order to be considered the opposition party. The Indian National Congress (of the UPA) could only manage 44 seats while the All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam party from Tamil Nadu came a close third with 37 seats. Mallikarjun Kharge has been declared the leader of the Indian National Congress in the Lok Sabha. 5 sitting members from Rajya Sabha, the Upper House of Indian Parliament, were elected to 16th Lok Sabha after the Indian general elections, 2014. Title: Member of parliament, Lok Sabha Passage: A Member of Parliament of Lok Sabha (Hindi: सांसद, लोक सभा) (abbreviated: MP) is the representative of the Indian people in the Lok Sabha; the lower house of the Parliament of India. Members of Parliament of Lok Sabha are chosen by direct elections on the basis of the adult suffrage. Parliament of India is bicameral with two houses; Rajya Sabha (Upper house i.e. Council of States) and the Lok Sabha (Lower house i.e. House of the People). The maximum permitted strength of Members of Parliament in the Lok Sabha is 552. This includes maximum 530 members to represent the constituencies and states, up to 20 members to represent the Union Territories (both chosen by direct elections) and not more than two members of the Anglo - Indian community to be nominated by the President of India. The majority party in the Lok Sabha chooses the Prime Minister of India. Title: All India Trinamool Congress Passage: The All India Trinamool Congress (abbreviated AITC, TMC or Trinamool Congress) is an Indian political party based in West Bengal. Founded on 1 January 1998, the party is led by its founder and current Chief Minister of West Bengal Mamata Banerjee. Prior to the 2009 general election it was the sixth largest party in the Lok Sabha with 19 seats; following the 2014 general election, it is currently the fourth largest party in the Lok Sabha with 34 seats.	[ "Speaker of the Lok Sabha", "Lok Sabha" ]
4hop2__159581_5537_91861_124556	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The voyage was commissioned by King George III and commanded by Lieutenant James Cook, a junior naval officer with good skills in cartography and mathematics. Departing from Plymouth - Dock (Devonport) in August 1768, the expedition crossed the Atlantic, rounded Cape Horn and reached Tahiti in time to observe the transit of Venus. Cook then set sail into the largely uncharted ocean to the south, stopping at the Pacific islands of Huahine, Borabora and Raiatea to claim them for Great Britain, and unsuccessfully attempting to land at Rurutu. In September 1769 the expedition reached New Zealand, being the second Europeans to visit there, following the first European discovery by Abel Tasman 127 years earlier. Cook and his crew spent the following six months charting the New Zealand coast, before resuming their voyage westward across open sea. In April 1770 they became the first Europeans to reach the east coast of Australia, making landfall at Point Hicks, and then proceeding to Botany Bay.", "title": "First voyage of James Cook" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Explorers flying the flag of Spain reached the New World beginning in 1492 with the discovery of America by Christopher Columbus. Spanish expeditions colonized and explored vast areas in North and South America following the grants of the Pope (contained in the 1493 papal bull Inter caetera) and rights contained in the 1494 Treaty of Tordesillas and 1529 Treaty of Zaragoza. These formal acts gave Spain the exclusive rights to colonize the entire Western Hemisphere (excluding eastern Brazil), including all of the west coast of North America. The first European expedition to actually reach the west coast was led by the Spaniard Vasco Núñez de Balboa, who reached the Pacific coast of Panama in 1513. In an act of enduring historical importance, Balboa claimed the Pacific Ocean for the Spanish Crown, as well as all adjoining land and islands. This act gave Spain exclusive sovereignty and navigation rights over the entire west coast of North America.", "title": "History of the west coast of North America" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The first single voyage of global circumnavigation was that of the ship Victoria, between 1519 and 1522, known as the Magellan -- Elcano expedition. It was a Castilian (Spanish) voyage of discovery, led initially by Ferdinand Magellan between 1519 and 1521, and then by the Basque Juan Sebastián Elcano from 1521 to 1522. The voyage started in Seville, crossed the Atlantic Ocean, and after several stopovers rounded the southern tip of South America where the expedition discovered the Strait of Magellan, named after the fleet's captain. It then continued across the Pacific discovering a number of islands on its way, including Guam before arriving in the Philippines. After Magellan's death in the Philippines in 1521, Elcano took command of the expedition and continued the journey across the Indian Ocean, round the Cape of Good Hope, north along the Atlantic Ocean, and back to Spain in 1522. Elcano and a small group of 18 men were actually the only members of the expedition to make the full circumnavigation.", "title": "Circumnavigation" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Kon - Tiki expedition was funded by private loans, along with donations of equipment from the United States Army. Heyerdahl and a small team went to Peru, where, with the help of dockyard facilities provided by the Peruvian authorities, they constructed the raft out of balsa logs and other native materials in an indigenous style as recorded in illustrations by Spanish conquistadores. The trip began on April 28, 1947. Heyerdahl and five companions sailed the raft for 101 days over 6,900 km (4,300 miles) across the Pacific Ocean before smashing into a reef at Raroia in the Tuamotus on August 7, 1947. The crew made successful landfall and all returned safely.", "title": "Kon-Tiki expedition" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The first expedition to reach the geographic South Pole was led by the Norwegian explorer Roald Amundsen. He and four others arrived at the pole on 14 December 1911, five weeks ahead of a British party led by Robert Falcon Scott as part of the Terra Nova Expedition. Amundsen and his team returned safely to their base, and later learned that Scott and his four companions had died on their return journey.", "title": "Amundsen's South Pole expedition" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Soon after the defeat of the Spanish Armada in 1588, London merchants presented a petition to Queen Elizabeth I for permission to sail to the Indian Ocean. The permission was granted, and despite the defeat of the English Armada in 1589, on 10 April 1591 three ships sailed from Torbay around the Cape of Good Hope to the Arabian Sea on one of the earliest English overseas Indian expeditions. One of them, Edward Bonventure, then sailed around Cape Comorin and on to the Malay Peninsula and subsequently returned to England in 1594.", "title": "East India Company" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Rodrigo de Jerez was one of the Spanish crewmen who sailed to the Americas on the Santa Maria as part of Christopher Columbus's first voyage across the Atlantic Ocean in 1492. He is credited with being the first European smoker.", "title": "Rodrigo de Jerez" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Asia is the largest continent on Earth. It covers 8.8% of the Earth's total surface area (or 30% of its land area), and has the largest coastline, at 62,800 kilometres (39,022 mi). Asia is generally defined as comprising the eastern four - fifths of Eurasia. It is located to the east of the Suez Canal and the Ural Mountains, and south of the Caucasus Mountains (or the Kuma -- Manych Depression) and the Caspian and Black Seas. It is bounded on the east by the Pacific Ocean, on the south by the Indian Ocean and on the north by the Arctic Ocean. Asia is subdivided into 48 countries, three of them (Russia, Kazakhstan and Turkey) having part of their land in Europe.", "title": "Asia" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Continental drift is the movement of the Earth's continents relative to each other, thus appearing to ``drift ''across the ocean bed. The speculation that continents might have 'drifted' was first put forward by Abraham Ortelius in 1596. The concept was independently and more fully developed by Alfred Wegener in 1912, but his theory was rejected by some for lack of a mechanism (though this was supplied later by Arthur Holmes). The idea of continental drift has been subsumed by the theory of plate tectonics, which explains how the continents move.", "title": "Continental drift" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Pennell Coast is that portion of the coast of Antarctica between Cape Williams and Cape Adare. To the west of Cape Williams lies Oates Coast, and to the east and south of Cape Adare lies Borchgrevink Coast. Named by New Zealand Antarctic Place-Names Committee (NZ-APC) in 1961 after Lieutenant Harry Pennell, Royal Navy, commander of the Terra Nova, the expedition ship of the British Antarctic Expedition, 1910-13. Pennell engaged in oceanographic work in the Ross Sea during this period. In February 1911 he sailed along this coast in exploration and an endeavor to land the Northern Party led by Lieutenant Victor Campbell.", "title": "Pennell Coast" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Portuguese discoveries (Portuguese: Descobrimentos portugueses) are the numerous territories and maritime routes discovered by the Portuguese as a result of their intensive maritime exploration during the 15th and 16th centuries. Portuguese sailors were at the vanguard of European overseas exploration, discovering and mapping the coasts of Africa, Canada, Asia and Brazil, in what became known as the Age of Discovery. Methodical expeditions started in 1419 along West Africa's coast under the sponsorship of prince Henry the Navigator, with Bartolomeu Dias reaching the Cape of Good Hope and entering the Indian Ocean in 1488. Ten years later, in 1498, Vasco da Gama led the first fleet around Africa to India, arriving in Calicut and starting a maritime route from Portugal to India. Portuguese explorations then proceeded to southeast Asia, where they reached Japan in 1542, forty - four years after their first arrival in India. In 1500, the Portuguese nobleman Pedro Álvares Cabral became the first European to discover Brazil.", "title": "Portuguese discoveries" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "During the mid-Eocene, it is believed that the drainage basin of the Amazon was split along the middle of the continent by the Purus Arch. Water on the eastern side flowed toward the Atlantic, while to the west water flowed toward the Pacific across the Amazonas Basin. As the Andes Mountains rose, however, a large basin was created that enclosed a lake; now known as the Solimões Basin. Within the last 5–10 million years, this accumulating water broke through the Purus Arch, joining the easterly flow toward the Atlantic.", "title": "Amazon rainforest" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Africa is the world's second - largest and second-most - populous continent (the first being Asia). At about 30.3 million km (11.7 million square miles) including adjacent islands, it covers 6% of Earth's total surface area and 20.4% of its total land area. With 1.2 billion people as of 2016, it accounts for about 16% of the world's human population. The continent is surrounded by the Mediterranean Sea to the north, both the Suez Canal and the Red Sea along the Sinai Peninsula to the northeast, the Indian Ocean to the southeast and the Atlantic Ocean to the west. The continent includes Madagascar and various archipelagos. It contains 54 fully recognised sovereign states (countries), nine territories and two de facto independent states with limited or no recognition.", "title": "Africa" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The first country to attempt to circumnavigate Africa was Portugal, which had, since the early 15th century, begun to explore northern Africa under Henry the Navigator. Emboldened by these early successes and eyeing a lucrative monopoly on a possible sea route to the Indies the Portuguese first crossed the Cape of Good Hope in 1488 on an expedition led by Bartolomeu Dias. Just nine years later in 1497 on the orders of Manuel I of Portugal, four vessels under the command of navigator Vasco da Gama rounded the Cape of Good Hope, continuing to the eastern coast of Africa to Malindi to sail across the Indian Ocean to Calicut, on the Malabar Coast. in south India -- the capital of the local Zamorin rulers. The wealth of the Indies was now open for the Europeans to explore; the Portuguese Empire was the earliest European seaborne empire to grow from the spice trade.", "title": "Spice trade" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (Russian SFSR or RSFSR; Russian: Российская Советская Федеративная Социалистическая Республика, tr. Rossiyskaya Sovetskaya Federativnaya Sotsialisticheskaya Respublika listen (help·info)) commonly referred to as Soviet Russia or simply as Russia, was a sovereign state in 1917–22, the largest, most populous, and most economically developed republic of the Soviet Union in 1922–91 and a sovereign part of the Soviet Union with its own legislation in 1990–91. The Republic comprised sixteen autonomous republics, five autonomous oblasts, ten autonomous okrugs, six krais, and forty oblasts. Russians formed the largest ethnic group. To the west it bordered Finland, Norway and Poland; and to the south, China, Mongolia and North Korea whilst bordering the Arctic Ocean to the north, the Pacific Ocean to the east and the Black sea and Caspian Sea to the south. Within the USSR, it bordered the Baltic republics (Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia), the Byelorussian SSR and the Ukrainian SSR to the west. To the south it bordered the Georgian, Azerbaijan and Kazakh SSRs.", "title": "Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Far Horizons is a 1955 American western film directed by Rudolph Maté, starring Fred MacMurray, Charlton Heston, Donna Reed and Barbara Hale. It is about an expedition led by Lewis and Clark, which is sent to survey the territory that the United States has just acquired in the Louisiana Purchase from France. They are able to overcome the dangers they encounter along the way with the help of a Shoshone woman named Sacagawea. This is currently the only major American motion picture on the Lewis and Clark expedition (although there have been television documentaries on the subject). Many details are fictional, and the minor scene where the group reaches the Pacific Ocean reflects the low budget of the film.", "title": "The Far Horizons" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Vasco da Gama's father was Estêvão da Gama, who had served in the 1460s as a knight of the household of Infante Ferdinand, Duke of Viseu. He rose in the ranks of the military Order of Santiago. Estêvão da Gama was appointed \"alcaide-mór\" (civil governor) of Sines in the 1460s, a post he held until 1478; after that he continued as a receiver of taxes and holder of the Order's commendas in the region.", "title": "Vasco da Gama" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Gender influences the pattern of child labor. Girls tend to be asked by their families to perform more domestic work in their parental home than boys are, and often at younger ages than boys. Employment as a paid domestic worker is the most common form of child labor for girls. In some places, such as East and Southeast Asia, parents often see work as a domestic servant as a good preparation for marriage. Domestic service, however, is among the least regulated of all professions, and exposes workers to serious risks, such as violence, exploitation and abuse by the employers, because the workers are often isolated from the outside world. Child labor has a very negative effect on education. Girls either stop their education, or, when they continue it, they are often subjected to a double burden, or a triple burden of work outside the home, housework in the parental home, and schoolwork. This situation is common in places such as parts of Asia and Latin America.", "title": "Girl" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Explorer James Clark Ross passed through what is now known as the Ross Sea and discovered Ross Island (both of which were named after him) in 1841. He sailed along a huge wall of ice that was later named the Ross Ice Shelf. Mount Erebus and Mount Terror are named after two ships from his expedition: HMS Erebus and Terror. Mercator Cooper landed in East Antarctica on 26 January 1853.During the Nimrod Expedition led by Ernest Shackleton in 1907, parties led by Edgeworth David became the first to climb Mount Erebus and to reach the South Magnetic Pole. Douglas Mawson, who assumed the leadership of the Magnetic Pole party on their perilous return, went on to lead several expeditions until retiring in 1931. In addition, Shackleton and three other members of his expedition made several firsts in December 1908 – February 1909: they were the first humans to traverse the Ross Ice Shelf, the first to traverse the Transantarctic Mountains (via the Beardmore Glacier), and the first to set foot on the South Polar Plateau. An expedition led by Norwegian polar explorer Roald Amundsen from the ship Fram became the first to reach the geographic South Pole on 14 December 1911, using a route from the Bay of Whales and up the Axel Heiberg Glacier. One month later, the doomed Scott Expedition reached the pole.", "title": "Antarctica" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Portuguese Vasco da Gama, accompanied by Nicolau Coelho and Bartolomeu Dias, is the first European to reach India by an all - sea route from Europe.", "title": "Chronology of European exploration of Asia" } ]	Who fathered the leader of the first expedition to reach the mentioned continent by sailing west across the ocean bordering eastern Russia?	Estêvão da Gama	[]	Title: Asia Passage: Asia is the largest continent on Earth. It covers 8.8% of the Earth's total surface area (or 30% of its land area), and has the largest coastline, at 62,800 kilometres (39,022 mi). Asia is generally defined as comprising the eastern four - fifths of Eurasia. It is located to the east of the Suez Canal and the Ural Mountains, and south of the Caucasus Mountains (or the Kuma -- Manych Depression) and the Caspian and Black Seas. It is bounded on the east by the Pacific Ocean, on the south by the Indian Ocean and on the north by the Arctic Ocean. Asia is subdivided into 48 countries, three of them (Russia, Kazakhstan and Turkey) having part of their land in Europe. Title: Girl Passage: Gender influences the pattern of child labor. Girls tend to be asked by their families to perform more domestic work in their parental home than boys are, and often at younger ages than boys. Employment as a paid domestic worker is the most common form of child labor for girls. In some places, such as East and Southeast Asia, parents often see work as a domestic servant as a good preparation for marriage. Domestic service, however, is among the least regulated of all professions, and exposes workers to serious risks, such as violence, exploitation and abuse by the employers, because the workers are often isolated from the outside world. Child labor has a very negative effect on education. Girls either stop their education, or, when they continue it, they are often subjected to a double burden, or a triple burden of work outside the home, housework in the parental home, and schoolwork. This situation is common in places such as parts of Asia and Latin America. Title: Chronology of European exploration of Asia Passage: The Portuguese Vasco da Gama, accompanied by Nicolau Coelho and Bartolomeu Dias, is the first European to reach India by an all - sea route from Europe. Title: Rodrigo de Jerez Passage: Rodrigo de Jerez was one of the Spanish crewmen who sailed to the Americas on the Santa Maria as part of Christopher Columbus's first voyage across the Atlantic Ocean in 1492. He is credited with being the first European smoker. Title: Africa Passage: Africa is the world's second - largest and second-most - populous continent (the first being Asia). At about 30.3 million km (11.7 million square miles) including adjacent islands, it covers 6% of Earth's total surface area and 20.4% of its total land area. With 1.2 billion people as of 2016, it accounts for about 16% of the world's human population. The continent is surrounded by the Mediterranean Sea to the north, both the Suez Canal and the Red Sea along the Sinai Peninsula to the northeast, the Indian Ocean to the southeast and the Atlantic Ocean to the west. The continent includes Madagascar and various archipelagos. It contains 54 fully recognised sovereign states (countries), nine territories and two de facto independent states with limited or no recognition. Title: History of the west coast of North America Passage: Explorers flying the flag of Spain reached the New World beginning in 1492 with the discovery of America by Christopher Columbus. Spanish expeditions colonized and explored vast areas in North and South America following the grants of the Pope (contained in the 1493 papal bull Inter caetera) and rights contained in the 1494 Treaty of Tordesillas and 1529 Treaty of Zaragoza. These formal acts gave Spain the exclusive rights to colonize the entire Western Hemisphere (excluding eastern Brazil), including all of the west coast of North America. The first European expedition to actually reach the west coast was led by the Spaniard Vasco Núñez de Balboa, who reached the Pacific coast of Panama in 1513. In an act of enduring historical importance, Balboa claimed the Pacific Ocean for the Spanish Crown, as well as all adjoining land and islands. This act gave Spain exclusive sovereignty and navigation rights over the entire west coast of North America. Title: Amazon rainforest Passage: During the mid-Eocene, it is believed that the drainage basin of the Amazon was split along the middle of the continent by the Purus Arch. Water on the eastern side flowed toward the Atlantic, while to the west water flowed toward the Pacific across the Amazonas Basin. As the Andes Mountains rose, however, a large basin was created that enclosed a lake; now known as the Solimões Basin. Within the last 5–10 million years, this accumulating water broke through the Purus Arch, joining the easterly flow toward the Atlantic. Title: The Far Horizons Passage: The Far Horizons is a 1955 American western film directed by Rudolph Maté, starring Fred MacMurray, Charlton Heston, Donna Reed and Barbara Hale. It is about an expedition led by Lewis and Clark, which is sent to survey the territory that the United States has just acquired in the Louisiana Purchase from France. They are able to overcome the dangers they encounter along the way with the help of a Shoshone woman named Sacagawea. This is currently the only major American motion picture on the Lewis and Clark expedition (although there have been television documentaries on the subject). Many details are fictional, and the minor scene where the group reaches the Pacific Ocean reflects the low budget of the film. Title: First voyage of James Cook Passage: The voyage was commissioned by King George III and commanded by Lieutenant James Cook, a junior naval officer with good skills in cartography and mathematics. Departing from Plymouth - Dock (Devonport) in August 1768, the expedition crossed the Atlantic, rounded Cape Horn and reached Tahiti in time to observe the transit of Venus. Cook then set sail into the largely uncharted ocean to the south, stopping at the Pacific islands of Huahine, Borabora and Raiatea to claim them for Great Britain, and unsuccessfully attempting to land at Rurutu. In September 1769 the expedition reached New Zealand, being the second Europeans to visit there, following the first European discovery by Abel Tasman 127 years earlier. Cook and his crew spent the following six months charting the New Zealand coast, before resuming their voyage westward across open sea. In April 1770 they became the first Europeans to reach the east coast of Australia, making landfall at Point Hicks, and then proceeding to Botany Bay. Title: Amundsen's South Pole expedition Passage: The first expedition to reach the geographic South Pole was led by the Norwegian explorer Roald Amundsen. He and four others arrived at the pole on 14 December 1911, five weeks ahead of a British party led by Robert Falcon Scott as part of the Terra Nova Expedition. Amundsen and his team returned safely to their base, and later learned that Scott and his four companions had died on their return journey. Title: Portuguese discoveries Passage: Portuguese discoveries (Portuguese: Descobrimentos portugueses) are the numerous territories and maritime routes discovered by the Portuguese as a result of their intensive maritime exploration during the 15th and 16th centuries. Portuguese sailors were at the vanguard of European overseas exploration, discovering and mapping the coasts of Africa, Canada, Asia and Brazil, in what became known as the Age of Discovery. Methodical expeditions started in 1419 along West Africa's coast under the sponsorship of prince Henry the Navigator, with Bartolomeu Dias reaching the Cape of Good Hope and entering the Indian Ocean in 1488. Ten years later, in 1498, Vasco da Gama led the first fleet around Africa to India, arriving in Calicut and starting a maritime route from Portugal to India. Portuguese explorations then proceeded to southeast Asia, where they reached Japan in 1542, forty - four years after their first arrival in India. In 1500, the Portuguese nobleman Pedro Álvares Cabral became the first European to discover Brazil. Title: Antarctica Passage: Explorer James Clark Ross passed through what is now known as the Ross Sea and discovered Ross Island (both of which were named after him) in 1841. He sailed along a huge wall of ice that was later named the Ross Ice Shelf. Mount Erebus and Mount Terror are named after two ships from his expedition: HMS Erebus and Terror. Mercator Cooper landed in East Antarctica on 26 January 1853.During the Nimrod Expedition led by Ernest Shackleton in 1907, parties led by Edgeworth David became the first to climb Mount Erebus and to reach the South Magnetic Pole. Douglas Mawson, who assumed the leadership of the Magnetic Pole party on their perilous return, went on to lead several expeditions until retiring in 1931. In addition, Shackleton and three other members of his expedition made several firsts in December 1908 – February 1909: they were the first humans to traverse the Ross Ice Shelf, the first to traverse the Transantarctic Mountains (via the Beardmore Glacier), and the first to set foot on the South Polar Plateau. An expedition led by Norwegian polar explorer Roald Amundsen from the ship Fram became the first to reach the geographic South Pole on 14 December 1911, using a route from the Bay of Whales and up the Axel Heiberg Glacier. One month later, the doomed Scott Expedition reached the pole. Title: Kon-Tiki expedition Passage: The Kon - Tiki expedition was funded by private loans, along with donations of equipment from the United States Army. Heyerdahl and a small team went to Peru, where, with the help of dockyard facilities provided by the Peruvian authorities, they constructed the raft out of balsa logs and other native materials in an indigenous style as recorded in illustrations by Spanish conquistadores. The trip began on April 28, 1947. Heyerdahl and five companions sailed the raft for 101 days over 6,900 km (4,300 miles) across the Pacific Ocean before smashing into a reef at Raroia in the Tuamotus on August 7, 1947. The crew made successful landfall and all returned safely. Title: East India Company Passage: Soon after the defeat of the Spanish Armada in 1588, London merchants presented a petition to Queen Elizabeth I for permission to sail to the Indian Ocean. The permission was granted, and despite the defeat of the English Armada in 1589, on 10 April 1591 three ships sailed from Torbay around the Cape of Good Hope to the Arabian Sea on one of the earliest English overseas Indian expeditions. One of them, Edward Bonventure, then sailed around Cape Comorin and on to the Malay Peninsula and subsequently returned to England in 1594. Title: Vasco da Gama Passage: Vasco da Gama's father was Estêvão da Gama, who had served in the 1460s as a knight of the household of Infante Ferdinand, Duke of Viseu. He rose in the ranks of the military Order of Santiago. Estêvão da Gama was appointed "alcaide-mór" (civil governor) of Sines in the 1460s, a post he held until 1478; after that he continued as a receiver of taxes and holder of the Order's commendas in the region. Title: Continental drift Passage: Continental drift is the movement of the Earth's continents relative to each other, thus appearing to ``drift ''across the ocean bed. The speculation that continents might have 'drifted' was first put forward by Abraham Ortelius in 1596. The concept was independently and more fully developed by Alfred Wegener in 1912, but his theory was rejected by some for lack of a mechanism (though this was supplied later by Arthur Holmes). The idea of continental drift has been subsumed by the theory of plate tectonics, which explains how the continents move. Title: Pennell Coast Passage: Pennell Coast is that portion of the coast of Antarctica between Cape Williams and Cape Adare. To the west of Cape Williams lies Oates Coast, and to the east and south of Cape Adare lies Borchgrevink Coast. Named by New Zealand Antarctic Place-Names Committee (NZ-APC) in 1961 after Lieutenant Harry Pennell, Royal Navy, commander of the Terra Nova, the expedition ship of the British Antarctic Expedition, 1910-13. Pennell engaged in oceanographic work in the Ross Sea during this period. In February 1911 he sailed along this coast in exploration and an endeavor to land the Northern Party led by Lieutenant Victor Campbell. Title: Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic Passage: The Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (Russian SFSR or RSFSR; Russian: Российская Советская Федеративная Социалистическая Республика, tr. Rossiyskaya Sovetskaya Federativnaya Sotsialisticheskaya Respublika listen (help·info)) commonly referred to as Soviet Russia or simply as Russia, was a sovereign state in 1917–22, the largest, most populous, and most economically developed republic of the Soviet Union in 1922–91 and a sovereign part of the Soviet Union with its own legislation in 1990–91. The Republic comprised sixteen autonomous republics, five autonomous oblasts, ten autonomous okrugs, six krais, and forty oblasts. Russians formed the largest ethnic group. To the west it bordered Finland, Norway and Poland; and to the south, China, Mongolia and North Korea whilst bordering the Arctic Ocean to the north, the Pacific Ocean to the east and the Black sea and Caspian Sea to the south. Within the USSR, it bordered the Baltic republics (Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia), the Byelorussian SSR and the Ukrainian SSR to the west. To the south it bordered the Georgian, Azerbaijan and Kazakh SSRs. Title: Spice trade Passage: The first country to attempt to circumnavigate Africa was Portugal, which had, since the early 15th century, begun to explore northern Africa under Henry the Navigator. Emboldened by these early successes and eyeing a lucrative monopoly on a possible sea route to the Indies the Portuguese first crossed the Cape of Good Hope in 1488 on an expedition led by Bartolomeu Dias. Just nine years later in 1497 on the orders of Manuel I of Portugal, four vessels under the command of navigator Vasco da Gama rounded the Cape of Good Hope, continuing to the eastern coast of Africa to Malindi to sail across the Indian Ocean to Calicut, on the Malabar Coast. in south India -- the capital of the local Zamorin rulers. The wealth of the Indies was now open for the Europeans to explore; the Portuguese Empire was the earliest European seaborne empire to grow from the spice trade. Title: Circumnavigation Passage: The first single voyage of global circumnavigation was that of the ship Victoria, between 1519 and 1522, known as the Magellan -- Elcano expedition. It was a Castilian (Spanish) voyage of discovery, led initially by Ferdinand Magellan between 1519 and 1521, and then by the Basque Juan Sebastián Elcano from 1521 to 1522. The voyage started in Seville, crossed the Atlantic Ocean, and after several stopovers rounded the southern tip of South America where the expedition discovered the Strait of Magellan, named after the fleet's captain. It then continued across the Pacific discovering a number of islands on its way, including Guam before arriving in the Philippines. After Magellan's death in the Philippines in 1521, Elcano took command of the expedition and continued the journey across the Indian Ocean, round the Cape of Good Hope, north along the Atlantic Ocean, and back to Spain in 1522. Elcano and a small group of 18 men were actually the only members of the expedition to make the full circumnavigation.	[ "Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic", "Vasco da Gama", "Girl", "Chronology of European exploration of Asia" ]
2hop__65749_620955	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Gmina Lubawa is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Iława County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It takes its name from the town of Lubawa, although the town is not part of the territory of the gmina. The administrative seat of the gmina is the village of Fijewo, which lies close to Lubawa.", "title": "Gmina Lubawa" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Goodings Grove was a census-designated place in northern Will County, Illinois, United States. The population was 17,084 at the 2000 census. It ceased to exist as an entity upon the incorporation of the village of Homer Glen, Illinois in 2001.", "title": "Goodings Grove, Illinois" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Tatra County () is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Lesser Poland Voivodeship, southern Poland, on the Slovak border. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and only town is Zakopane, which lies south of the regional capital Kraków. The county takes its name from the Tatra mountain range, which covers most of its territory.", "title": "Tatra County" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Nun is an upcoming American supernatural horror film directed by Corin Hardy. The screenplay by Gary Dauberman is from a story by Dauberman and James Wan. It is a spin - off of 2016's The Conjuring 2 and is set to be the fifth installment in The Conjuring series. It stars Taissa Farmiga, Demián Bichir, Charlotte Hope, Ingrid Bisu, Jonas Bloquet, and Bonnie Aarons. The film is scheduled for release on September 7, 2018, by Warner Bros. Pictures.", "title": "The Nun (2018 film)" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The District of Alberta was one of four districts of the Northwest Territories created in 1882. It was styled the Alberta Provisional District to distinguish it from the District of Keewatin which had a more autonomous relationship from the NWT administration. Present-day Province of Alberta takes in the District of Alberta and parts of the Districts of Athabasca, Assiniboia and Saskatchewan. Alberta became a province in 1905.", "title": "District of Alberta" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Visa requirements for Canadian citizens are administrative entry restrictions by the authorities of other states placed on citizens of Canada. As of 1 January 2018, Canadian citizens had visa - free or visa on arrival access to 172 countries and territories, ranking the Canadian passport 6th in terms of travel freedom according to the Henley Passport Index.", "title": "Visa requirements for Canadian citizens" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Though the background setting for \"Drop Dead Diva\" is Los Angeles, the series is filmed in Peachtree City, Georgia, and Senoia, Georgia, with principal photography taking place in a studio contained in a large hangar at Atlanta Regional Airport, and outdoor locations shot around the town. Filming originally took place in Georgia for tax incentives.", "title": "Drop Dead Diva" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Elisha Harris (September 8, 1791 – February 1, 1861) of Coventry, Kent County, Rhode Island, was Lieutenant Governor of Rhode Island, 1846–47 serving under Governor Byron Diman and the 20th Governor of Rhode Island 1847–49.", "title": "Elisha Harris" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Arrondissement of Mechelen (; ) is one of the three administrative arrondissements in the Province of Antwerp, Belgium. It is both an administrative and a judicial arrondissement, as the territory for both coincides.", "title": "Arrondissement of Mechelen" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Biblioteca Ayacucho (\"Ayacucho Library\") is an editorial entity of the government of Venezuela, founded on September 10, 1974. It is managed by the \"Fundación Biblioteca Ayacucho\". Its name, \"Ayacucho\", comes from the intention to honor the definitive and crucial Battle of Ayacucho that took place December 9, 1824 between Spain and the territories of the Americas, prior to the full independence of the continent.", "title": "Biblioteca Ayacucho" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In 1949, the Territory and the Territory of New Guinea were established in an administrative union by the name of the Territory of Papua and New Guinea. That administrative union was renamed as Papua New Guinea in 1971. Notwithstanding that it was part of an administrative union, the Territory of Papua at all times retained a distinct legal status and identity; it was a Possession of the Crown whereas the Territory of New Guinea was initially a League of Nations mandate territory and subsequently a United Nations trust territory. This important legal and political distinction remained until the advent of the Independent State of Papua New Guinea in 1975.", "title": "Territory of Papua" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Conjuring is a 2013 American supernatural horror film directed by James Wan and written by Chad Hayes and Carey W. Hayes. It is the first installment in The Conjuring series. Patrick Wilson and Vera Farmiga star as Ed and Lorraine Warren, paranormal investigators and authors associated with prominent cases of haunting. Their purportedly real - life reports inspired The Amityville Horror story and film franchise. The Warrens come to the assistance of the Perron family (Ron Livingston and Lili Taylor), who are experiencing increasingly disturbing events in their farmhouse in Rhode Island in 1971.", "title": "The Conjuring" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Local associations of a special kind are an amalgamation of one or more Landkreise with one or more Kreisfreie Städte to form a replacement of the aforementioned administrative entities at the district level. They are intended to implement simplification of administration at that level. Typically, a district-free city or town and its urban hinterland are grouped into such an association, or Kommunalverband besonderer Art. Such an organization requires the issuing of special laws by the governing state, since they are not covered by the normal administrative structure of the respective states.", "title": "States of Germany" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Conjure One is the self-titled debut album by Canadian electronic music project Conjure One, headed by Rhys Fulber. It was released on September 17, 2002 through Nettwerk.", "title": "Conjure One (album)" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "British Togoland, officially the Mandate Territory of Togoland and later officially the Trust Territory of Togoland, was a territory in West Africa, under the administration of the United Kingdom. It was effectively formed in 1916 by the splitting of the German protectorate of Togoland into two territories, French Togoland and British Togoland, during the First World War. Initially, it was a League of Nations Class B mandate. In 1922, British Togoland was formally placed under British rule while French Togoland, now Togo, was placed under French rule.", "title": "British Togoland" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Open Packaging Conventions (OPC) is a container-file technology initially created by Microsoft to store a combination of XML and non-XML files that together form a single entity such as an Open XML Paper Specification (OpenXPS) document. OPC-based file formats combine the advantages of leaving the independent file entities embedded in the document intact and resulting in much smaller files compared to normal use of XML.", "title": "Open Packaging Conventions" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In the eukaryotic cell, the cytosol is within the cell membrane and is part of the cytoplasm, which also comprises the mitochondria, plastids, and other organelles (but not their internal fluids and structures); the cell nucleus is separate. The cytosol is thus a liquid matrix around the organelles. In prokaryotes, most of the chemical reactions of metabolism take place in the cytosol, while a few take place in membranes or in the periplasmic space. In eukaryotes, while many metabolic pathways still occur in the cytosol, others are contained within organelles.", "title": "Cytosol" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Emma's Bliss is a 2006 romantic tragic-comedy that takes place in contemporary rural Germany. The movie, directed by Sven Taddicken, is based on the novel \"Emmas Glück\" (now translated into English under the title \"Emma's Luck\") by Claudia Schreiber.", "title": "Emma's Bliss" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Bogotá (/ ˈboʊɡətɑː /, / ˌbɒɡəˈtɑː /, / ˌboʊ - /; Spanish pronunciation: (boɣoˈta) (listen)), officially Bogotá, Distrito Capital, abbreviated Bogotá, D.C., and formerly known as Santafé de Bogotá between 1991 and 2000, is the capital and largest city of Colombia, administered as the Capital District, although often thought of as part of Cundinamarca. Bogotá is a territorial entity of the first order, with the same administrative status as the departments of Colombia. It is the political, economic, administrative, industrial, artistic, cultural, and sports center of the country.", "title": "Bogotá" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "A union territory is a type of administrative division in the Republic of India. Unlike states, which have their own elected governments, union territories are ruled directly by the Union Government (central government), hence the name ``union territory ''. Union territories in India qualify as federal territories, by definition.", "title": "Union territory" } ]	the state where the The conjuring is set includes what county?	Kent County	[]	Title: Tatra County Passage: Tatra County () is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Lesser Poland Voivodeship, southern Poland, on the Slovak border. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and only town is Zakopane, which lies south of the regional capital Kraków. The county takes its name from the Tatra mountain range, which covers most of its territory. Title: District of Alberta Passage: The District of Alberta was one of four districts of the Northwest Territories created in 1882. It was styled the Alberta Provisional District to distinguish it from the District of Keewatin which had a more autonomous relationship from the NWT administration. Present-day Province of Alberta takes in the District of Alberta and parts of the Districts of Athabasca, Assiniboia and Saskatchewan. Alberta became a province in 1905. Title: Bogotá Passage: Bogotá (/ ˈboʊɡətɑː /, / ˌbɒɡəˈtɑː /, / ˌboʊ - /; Spanish pronunciation: (boɣoˈta) (listen)), officially Bogotá, Distrito Capital, abbreviated Bogotá, D.C., and formerly known as Santafé de Bogotá between 1991 and 2000, is the capital and largest city of Colombia, administered as the Capital District, although often thought of as part of Cundinamarca. Bogotá is a territorial entity of the first order, with the same administrative status as the departments of Colombia. It is the political, economic, administrative, industrial, artistic, cultural, and sports center of the country. Title: States of Germany Passage: Local associations of a special kind are an amalgamation of one or more Landkreise with one or more Kreisfreie Städte to form a replacement of the aforementioned administrative entities at the district level. They are intended to implement simplification of administration at that level. Typically, a district-free city or town and its urban hinterland are grouped into such an association, or Kommunalverband besonderer Art. Such an organization requires the issuing of special laws by the governing state, since they are not covered by the normal administrative structure of the respective states. Title: Drop Dead Diva Passage: Though the background setting for "Drop Dead Diva" is Los Angeles, the series is filmed in Peachtree City, Georgia, and Senoia, Georgia, with principal photography taking place in a studio contained in a large hangar at Atlanta Regional Airport, and outdoor locations shot around the town. Filming originally took place in Georgia for tax incentives. Title: Conjure One (album) Passage: Conjure One is the self-titled debut album by Canadian electronic music project Conjure One, headed by Rhys Fulber. It was released on September 17, 2002 through Nettwerk. Title: Gmina Lubawa Passage: Gmina Lubawa is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Iława County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It takes its name from the town of Lubawa, although the town is not part of the territory of the gmina. The administrative seat of the gmina is the village of Fijewo, which lies close to Lubawa. Title: Elisha Harris Passage: Elisha Harris (September 8, 1791 – February 1, 1861) of Coventry, Kent County, Rhode Island, was Lieutenant Governor of Rhode Island, 1846–47 serving under Governor Byron Diman and the 20th Governor of Rhode Island 1847–49. Title: Emma's Bliss Passage: Emma's Bliss is a 2006 romantic tragic-comedy that takes place in contemporary rural Germany. The movie, directed by Sven Taddicken, is based on the novel "Emmas Glück" (now translated into English under the title "Emma's Luck") by Claudia Schreiber. Title: Open Packaging Conventions Passage: The Open Packaging Conventions (OPC) is a container-file technology initially created by Microsoft to store a combination of XML and non-XML files that together form a single entity such as an Open XML Paper Specification (OpenXPS) document. OPC-based file formats combine the advantages of leaving the independent file entities embedded in the document intact and resulting in much smaller files compared to normal use of XML. Title: Arrondissement of Mechelen Passage: The Arrondissement of Mechelen (; ) is one of the three administrative arrondissements in the Province of Antwerp, Belgium. It is both an administrative and a judicial arrondissement, as the territory for both coincides. Title: The Conjuring Passage: The Conjuring is a 2013 American supernatural horror film directed by James Wan and written by Chad Hayes and Carey W. Hayes. It is the first installment in The Conjuring series. Patrick Wilson and Vera Farmiga star as Ed and Lorraine Warren, paranormal investigators and authors associated with prominent cases of haunting. Their purportedly real - life reports inspired The Amityville Horror story and film franchise. The Warrens come to the assistance of the Perron family (Ron Livingston and Lili Taylor), who are experiencing increasingly disturbing events in their farmhouse in Rhode Island in 1971. Title: British Togoland Passage: British Togoland, officially the Mandate Territory of Togoland and later officially the Trust Territory of Togoland, was a territory in West Africa, under the administration of the United Kingdom. It was effectively formed in 1916 by the splitting of the German protectorate of Togoland into two territories, French Togoland and British Togoland, during the First World War. Initially, it was a League of Nations Class B mandate. In 1922, British Togoland was formally placed under British rule while French Togoland, now Togo, was placed under French rule. Title: Territory of Papua Passage: In 1949, the Territory and the Territory of New Guinea were established in an administrative union by the name of the Territory of Papua and New Guinea. That administrative union was renamed as Papua New Guinea in 1971. Notwithstanding that it was part of an administrative union, the Territory of Papua at all times retained a distinct legal status and identity; it was a Possession of the Crown whereas the Territory of New Guinea was initially a League of Nations mandate territory and subsequently a United Nations trust territory. This important legal and political distinction remained until the advent of the Independent State of Papua New Guinea in 1975. Title: Cytosol Passage: In the eukaryotic cell, the cytosol is within the cell membrane and is part of the cytoplasm, which also comprises the mitochondria, plastids, and other organelles (but not their internal fluids and structures); the cell nucleus is separate. The cytosol is thus a liquid matrix around the organelles. In prokaryotes, most of the chemical reactions of metabolism take place in the cytosol, while a few take place in membranes or in the periplasmic space. In eukaryotes, while many metabolic pathways still occur in the cytosol, others are contained within organelles. Title: Visa requirements for Canadian citizens Passage: Visa requirements for Canadian citizens are administrative entry restrictions by the authorities of other states placed on citizens of Canada. As of 1 January 2018, Canadian citizens had visa - free or visa on arrival access to 172 countries and territories, ranking the Canadian passport 6th in terms of travel freedom according to the Henley Passport Index. Title: Goodings Grove, Illinois Passage: Goodings Grove was a census-designated place in northern Will County, Illinois, United States. The population was 17,084 at the 2000 census. It ceased to exist as an entity upon the incorporation of the village of Homer Glen, Illinois in 2001. Title: Union territory Passage: A union territory is a type of administrative division in the Republic of India. Unlike states, which have their own elected governments, union territories are ruled directly by the Union Government (central government), hence the name ``union territory ''. Union territories in India qualify as federal territories, by definition. Title: The Nun (2018 film) Passage: The Nun is an upcoming American supernatural horror film directed by Corin Hardy. The screenplay by Gary Dauberman is from a story by Dauberman and James Wan. It is a spin - off of 2016's The Conjuring 2 and is set to be the fifth installment in The Conjuring series. It stars Taissa Farmiga, Demián Bichir, Charlotte Hope, Ingrid Bisu, Jonas Bloquet, and Bonnie Aarons. The film is scheduled for release on September 7, 2018, by Warner Bros. Pictures. Title: Biblioteca Ayacucho Passage: The Biblioteca Ayacucho ("Ayacucho Library") is an editorial entity of the government of Venezuela, founded on September 10, 1974. It is managed by the "Fundación Biblioteca Ayacucho". Its name, "Ayacucho", comes from the intention to honor the definitive and crucial Battle of Ayacucho that took place December 9, 1824 between Spain and the territories of the Americas, prior to the full independence of the continent.	[ "Elisha Harris", "The Conjuring" ]
2hop__67098_29454	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The 2010–11 Japan Figure Skating Championships was the Japan Figure Skating Championships for the 2010–11 figure skating season. They were 79th edition of the Japan Figure Skating Championships. Skaters competed in the disciplines of men's singles, ladies' singles, pair skating, and ice dancing on the senior level for the title of national champion of Japan.", "title": "2010–11 Japan Figure Skating Championships" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Outside Japan, different societies use widely different timeframes in defining Japanese war crimes. For example, the annexation of Korea by Japan in 1910 was enforced by the Japanese military, and the Society of Yi Dynasty Korea was switched to the political system of the Empire of Japan. Thus, North and South Korea refer to \"Japanese war crimes\" as events occurring during the period of Korea under Japanese rule.By comparison, the Western Allies did not come into military conflict with Japan until 1941, and North Americans, Australians, South East Asians and Europeans may consider \"Japanese war crimes\" to be events that occurred in 1942–1945.Japanese war crimes were not always carried out by ethnic Japanese personnel. A small minority of people in every Asian and Pacific country invaded or occupied by Japan collaborated with the Japanese military, or even served in it, for a wide variety of reasons, such as economic hardship, coercion, or antipathy to other imperialist powers.Japan's sovereignty over Korea and Formosa (Taiwan), in the first half of the 20th century, was recognized by international agreements—the Treaty of Shimonoseki (1895) and the Japan–Korea Annexation Treaty (1910)—and they were considered at the time to be integral parts of the Japanese Empire. Under the international law of today, there is a possibility the Japan-Korea Annexation Treaty was illegal, as the native populations were not consulted, there was armed resistance to Japan's annexations, and war crimes may also have been committed during the civil wars.", "title": "Japanese war crimes" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": ", or is a leading national university located in Yokohama, Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan. Yokohama National University comprises five graduate schools and four undergraduate faculties. Yokohama National University is one of leading national universities in Japan. It is consistently one of the highest ranking national universities in Japan that is not one of Japan's National Seven Universities. It is also a core member of the Port-City University League.", "title": "Yokohama National University" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Japan conscripted many soldiers from its colonies of Korea and Formosa (Taiwan). To a small extent, some Vichy French, Indian National Army, and Burmese National Army forces were active in the area of the Pacific War. Collaborationist units from Hong Kong (reformed ex-colonial police), Philippines, Dutch East Indies (the PETA) and Dutch Guinea, British Malaya and British Borneo, Inner Mongolia and former French Indochina (after the overthrow of Vichy French regime) as well as Timorese militia also assisted Japanese war efforts.", "title": "Pacific War" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Group H of the 2018 FIFA World Cup took place from 19 to 28 June 2018. The group consisted of Poland, Senegal, Colombia, and Japan. The top two teams, Colombia and Japan, advanced to the round of 16. For the first time in World Cup history, the ``fair play ''rule was invoked to break a tie. Japan and Senegal finished with identical scores and goal differences to tie for second behind Colombia. Japan were awarded the place in the final 16 based on receiving fewer yellow cards in their three matches.", "title": "2018 FIFA World Cup Group H" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Pak Nam-chol (; born January 12, 1979 in Pyongyang) is a North Korean judoka, who competed in the men's extra-lightweight category. He finished fifth in the 60-kg division at the 2003 World Judo Championships in Osaka, Japan, and later represented his nation North Korea at the 2004 Summer Olympics.", "title": "Pak Nam-chol (judoka)" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Katō Kiyomasa was one of the most powerful and well-known lords of the Sengoku Era. He commanded most of Japan's major clans during the invasion of Korea (1592–1598). In a handbook he addressed to \"all samurai, regardless of rank\" he told his followers that a warrior's only duty in life was to \"...grasp the long and the short swords and to die\". He also ordered his followers to put forth great effort in studying the military classics, especially those related to loyalty and filial piety. He is best known for his quote: \"If a man does not investigate into the matter of Bushido daily, it will be difficult for him to die a brave and manly death. Thus it is essential to engrave this business of the warrior into one's mind well.\"", "title": "Samurai" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Korea was ruled by Japan from 1910 until the closing days of World War II. In August 1945, the Soviet Union declared war on Japan and—by agreement with the United States—occupied Korea north of the 38th parallel. U.S. forces subsequently occupied the south and Japan surrendered. By 1948, two separate governments had been set up. Both governments claimed to be the legitimate government of Korea, and neither side accepted the border as permanent. The conflict escalated into open warfare when North Korean forces—supported by the Soviet Union and China—invaded South Korea on 25 June 1950. On that day, the United Nations Security Council recognized this North Korean act as invasion and called for an immediate ceasefire. On 27 June, the Security Council adopted S/RES/83: Complaint of aggression upon the Republic of Korea and decided the formation and dispatch of the UN Forces in Korea. Twenty-one countries of the United Nations eventually contributed to the defense of South Korea, with the United States providing 88% of the UN's military personnel.", "title": "Korean War" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The 1973 Japan rugby union tour of England, Wales and France was a series of eleven matches played by the Japan national rugby union team in Wales, England and France in September and October 1973. The Japanese team won only of two of their matches and lost the other nine. Neither Wales nor France awarded full international caps for their games against Japan.", "title": "1973 Japan rugby union tour of Wales, England and France" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The German Empire had primarily economic interests in Micronesia. The Japanese interests were in land. Despite the Marshalls' small area and few resources, the absorption of the territory by Japan would to some extent alleviate Japan's problem of an increasing population with a diminishing amount of available land to house it. During its years of colonial rule, Japan moved more than 1,000 Japanese to the Marshall Islands although they never outnumbered the indigenous peoples as they did in the Mariana Islands and Palau.", "title": "Marshall Islands" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The is a skyscraper located in Kagoshima, Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan. Construction of the 93-metre, 18-storey skyscraper was finished in 1996.", "title": "Kagoshima Prefectural Government Building" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "One facet of the changing attitude toward Korea and whether to get involved was Japan. Especially after the fall of China to the Communists, U.S. East Asian experts saw Japan as the critical counterweight to the Soviet Union and China in the region. While there was no United States policy that dealt with South Korea directly as a national interest, its proximity to Japan increased the importance of South Korea. Said Kim: \"The recognition that the security of Japan required a non-hostile Korea led directly to President Truman's decision to intervene... The essential point... is that the American response to the North Korean attack stemmed from considerations of US policy toward Japan.\"", "title": "Korean War" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Korea was occupied and declared a Japanese protectorate following the Japan -- Korea Treaty of 1905, and officially annexed in 1910 through the annexation treaty.", "title": "Japanese colonial empire" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Japan Men's National Wheelchair Basketball Team is the wheelchair basketball side that represents Japan in international competitions for men as part of the International Wheelchair Basketball Federation.", "title": "Japan men's national wheelchair basketball team" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Second Sino - Japanese War between the Empire of Japan and the Republic of China had been in progress since 7 July 1937, with hostilities dating back as far as 19 September 1931 with the Japanese invasion of Manchuria. However, it is more widely accepted that the Pacific War itself began on 7 / 8 December 1941, when Japan invaded Thailand and attacked the British possessions of Malaya, Singapore, and Hong Kong as well as the United States military and naval bases in Hawaii, Wake Island, Guam and the Philippines.", "title": "Pacific War" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Japan was the host nation for the 1972 Winter Olympics in Sapporo. It was the first time that Japan had hosted the Winter Olympic Games, but second time overall after the 1964 Summer Olympics in Tokyo.", "title": "Japan at the 1972 Winter Olympics" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In 1274, the Mongol-founded Yuan dynasty in China sent a force of some 40,000 men and 900 ships to invade Japan in northern Kyūshū. Japan mustered a mere 10,000 samurai to meet this threat. The invading army was harassed by major thunderstorms throughout the invasion, which aided the defenders by inflicting heavy casualties. The Yuan army was eventually recalled and the invasion was called off. The Mongol invaders used small bombs, which was likely the first appearance of bombs and gunpowder in Japan.", "title": "Samurai" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Galaxian 2 (also written as Galaxian II ) is a handheld electronic game that was released in 1981 in the US by Entex Industries. It was also released the same year in Japan under the name \"Astro Galaxy\" and in Europe under the name \"Astro Invader\". The game was also released under the Futuretronics brand in Australia.", "title": "Galaxian 2" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Treaty of San Francisco (サンフランシスコ講和条約, San - Furanshisuko kōwa - Jōyaku), Peace Treaty with Japan (日本国との平和条約, Nihon - koku tono Heiwa - Jōyaku) or commonly known as the Treaty of Peace with Japan, Peace Treaty of San Francisco, or San Francisco Peace Treaty), mostly between Japan and the Allied Powers, was officially signed by 48 nations on September 8, 1951, in San Francisco. It came into force on April 28, 1952 and officially ended the American - led Allied Occupation of Japan. According to Article 11 of the Treaty, Japan accepts the judgments of the International Military Tribunal for the Far East and of other Allied War Crimes Courts imposed on Japan both within and outside Japan.", "title": "Treaty of San Francisco" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Japan is an island nation in East Asia comprising a volcanic archipelago extending along the continent's Pacific coast. It lies between 24 ° to 46 ° north latitude and from 123 ° to 146 ° east longitude. Japan is southeast of the Russian Far East, separated by the Sea of Okhotsk; slightly east of the Korean Peninsula, separated by the Sea of Japan; and east - northeast of China and Taiwan, separated by the East China Sea. The closest neighboring country to Japan is Russia.", "title": "Geography of Japan" } ]	When did Japan finish invading the country it turned into a colony?	1598	[]	Title: 2018 FIFA World Cup Group H Passage: Group H of the 2018 FIFA World Cup took place from 19 to 28 June 2018. The group consisted of Poland, Senegal, Colombia, and Japan. The top two teams, Colombia and Japan, advanced to the round of 16. For the first time in World Cup history, the ``fair play ''rule was invoked to break a tie. Japan and Senegal finished with identical scores and goal differences to tie for second behind Colombia. Japan were awarded the place in the final 16 based on receiving fewer yellow cards in their three matches. Title: Korean War Passage: One facet of the changing attitude toward Korea and whether to get involved was Japan. Especially after the fall of China to the Communists, U.S. East Asian experts saw Japan as the critical counterweight to the Soviet Union and China in the region. While there was no United States policy that dealt with South Korea directly as a national interest, its proximity to Japan increased the importance of South Korea. Said Kim: "The recognition that the security of Japan required a non-hostile Korea led directly to President Truman's decision to intervene... The essential point... is that the American response to the North Korean attack stemmed from considerations of US policy toward Japan." Title: Japan men's national wheelchair basketball team Passage: The Japan Men's National Wheelchair Basketball Team is the wheelchair basketball side that represents Japan in international competitions for men as part of the International Wheelchair Basketball Federation. Title: Pacific War Passage: The Second Sino - Japanese War between the Empire of Japan and the Republic of China had been in progress since 7 July 1937, with hostilities dating back as far as 19 September 1931 with the Japanese invasion of Manchuria. However, it is more widely accepted that the Pacific War itself began on 7 / 8 December 1941, when Japan invaded Thailand and attacked the British possessions of Malaya, Singapore, and Hong Kong as well as the United States military and naval bases in Hawaii, Wake Island, Guam and the Philippines. Title: Samurai Passage: In 1274, the Mongol-founded Yuan dynasty in China sent a force of some 40,000 men and 900 ships to invade Japan in northern Kyūshū. Japan mustered a mere 10,000 samurai to meet this threat. The invading army was harassed by major thunderstorms throughout the invasion, which aided the defenders by inflicting heavy casualties. The Yuan army was eventually recalled and the invasion was called off. The Mongol invaders used small bombs, which was likely the first appearance of bombs and gunpowder in Japan. Title: Marshall Islands Passage: The German Empire had primarily economic interests in Micronesia. The Japanese interests were in land. Despite the Marshalls' small area and few resources, the absorption of the territory by Japan would to some extent alleviate Japan's problem of an increasing population with a diminishing amount of available land to house it. During its years of colonial rule, Japan moved more than 1,000 Japanese to the Marshall Islands although they never outnumbered the indigenous peoples as they did in the Mariana Islands and Palau. Title: Korean War Passage: Korea was ruled by Japan from 1910 until the closing days of World War II. In August 1945, the Soviet Union declared war on Japan and—by agreement with the United States—occupied Korea north of the 38th parallel. U.S. forces subsequently occupied the south and Japan surrendered. By 1948, two separate governments had been set up. Both governments claimed to be the legitimate government of Korea, and neither side accepted the border as permanent. The conflict escalated into open warfare when North Korean forces—supported by the Soviet Union and China—invaded South Korea on 25 June 1950. On that day, the United Nations Security Council recognized this North Korean act as invasion and called for an immediate ceasefire. On 27 June, the Security Council adopted S/RES/83: Complaint of aggression upon the Republic of Korea and decided the formation and dispatch of the UN Forces in Korea. Twenty-one countries of the United Nations eventually contributed to the defense of South Korea, with the United States providing 88% of the UN's military personnel. Title: Treaty of San Francisco Passage: Treaty of San Francisco (サンフランシスコ講和条約, San - Furanshisuko kōwa - Jōyaku), Peace Treaty with Japan (日本国との平和条約, Nihon - koku tono Heiwa - Jōyaku) or commonly known as the Treaty of Peace with Japan, Peace Treaty of San Francisco, or San Francisco Peace Treaty), mostly between Japan and the Allied Powers, was officially signed by 48 nations on September 8, 1951, in San Francisco. It came into force on April 28, 1952 and officially ended the American - led Allied Occupation of Japan. According to Article 11 of the Treaty, Japan accepts the judgments of the International Military Tribunal for the Far East and of other Allied War Crimes Courts imposed on Japan both within and outside Japan. Title: 2010–11 Japan Figure Skating Championships Passage: The 2010–11 Japan Figure Skating Championships was the Japan Figure Skating Championships for the 2010–11 figure skating season. They were 79th edition of the Japan Figure Skating Championships. Skaters competed in the disciplines of men's singles, ladies' singles, pair skating, and ice dancing on the senior level for the title of national champion of Japan. Title: Japan at the 1972 Winter Olympics Passage: Japan was the host nation for the 1972 Winter Olympics in Sapporo. It was the first time that Japan had hosted the Winter Olympic Games, but second time overall after the 1964 Summer Olympics in Tokyo. Title: Kagoshima Prefectural Government Building Passage: The is a skyscraper located in Kagoshima, Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan. Construction of the 93-metre, 18-storey skyscraper was finished in 1996. Title: Samurai Passage: Katō Kiyomasa was one of the most powerful and well-known lords of the Sengoku Era. He commanded most of Japan's major clans during the invasion of Korea (1592–1598). In a handbook he addressed to "all samurai, regardless of rank" he told his followers that a warrior's only duty in life was to "...grasp the long and the short swords and to die". He also ordered his followers to put forth great effort in studying the military classics, especially those related to loyalty and filial piety. He is best known for his quote: "If a man does not investigate into the matter of Bushido daily, it will be difficult for him to die a brave and manly death. Thus it is essential to engrave this business of the warrior into one's mind well." Title: Galaxian 2 Passage: Galaxian 2 (also written as Galaxian II ) is a handheld electronic game that was released in 1981 in the US by Entex Industries. It was also released the same year in Japan under the name "Astro Galaxy" and in Europe under the name "Astro Invader". The game was also released under the Futuretronics brand in Australia. Title: Japanese war crimes Passage: Outside Japan, different societies use widely different timeframes in defining Japanese war crimes. For example, the annexation of Korea by Japan in 1910 was enforced by the Japanese military, and the Society of Yi Dynasty Korea was switched to the political system of the Empire of Japan. Thus, North and South Korea refer to "Japanese war crimes" as events occurring during the period of Korea under Japanese rule.By comparison, the Western Allies did not come into military conflict with Japan until 1941, and North Americans, Australians, South East Asians and Europeans may consider "Japanese war crimes" to be events that occurred in 1942–1945.Japanese war crimes were not always carried out by ethnic Japanese personnel. A small minority of people in every Asian and Pacific country invaded or occupied by Japan collaborated with the Japanese military, or even served in it, for a wide variety of reasons, such as economic hardship, coercion, or antipathy to other imperialist powers.Japan's sovereignty over Korea and Formosa (Taiwan), in the first half of the 20th century, was recognized by international agreements—the Treaty of Shimonoseki (1895) and the Japan–Korea Annexation Treaty (1910)—and they were considered at the time to be integral parts of the Japanese Empire. Under the international law of today, there is a possibility the Japan-Korea Annexation Treaty was illegal, as the native populations were not consulted, there was armed resistance to Japan's annexations, and war crimes may also have been committed during the civil wars. Title: Pak Nam-chol (judoka) Passage: Pak Nam-chol (; born January 12, 1979 in Pyongyang) is a North Korean judoka, who competed in the men's extra-lightweight category. He finished fifth in the 60-kg division at the 2003 World Judo Championships in Osaka, Japan, and later represented his nation North Korea at the 2004 Summer Olympics. Title: Yokohama National University Passage: , or is a leading national university located in Yokohama, Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan. Yokohama National University comprises five graduate schools and four undergraduate faculties. Yokohama National University is one of leading national universities in Japan. It is consistently one of the highest ranking national universities in Japan that is not one of Japan's National Seven Universities. It is also a core member of the Port-City University League. Title: Pacific War Passage: Japan conscripted many soldiers from its colonies of Korea and Formosa (Taiwan). To a small extent, some Vichy French, Indian National Army, and Burmese National Army forces were active in the area of the Pacific War. Collaborationist units from Hong Kong (reformed ex-colonial police), Philippines, Dutch East Indies (the PETA) and Dutch Guinea, British Malaya and British Borneo, Inner Mongolia and former French Indochina (after the overthrow of Vichy French regime) as well as Timorese militia also assisted Japanese war efforts. Title: Japanese colonial empire Passage: Korea was occupied and declared a Japanese protectorate following the Japan -- Korea Treaty of 1905, and officially annexed in 1910 through the annexation treaty. Title: 1973 Japan rugby union tour of Wales, England and France Passage: The 1973 Japan rugby union tour of England, Wales and France was a series of eleven matches played by the Japan national rugby union team in Wales, England and France in September and October 1973. The Japanese team won only of two of their matches and lost the other nine. Neither Wales nor France awarded full international caps for their games against Japan. Title: Geography of Japan Passage: Japan is an island nation in East Asia comprising a volcanic archipelago extending along the continent's Pacific coast. It lies between 24 ° to 46 ° north latitude and from 123 ° to 146 ° east longitude. Japan is southeast of the Russian Far East, separated by the Sea of Okhotsk; slightly east of the Korean Peninsula, separated by the Sea of Japan; and east - northeast of China and Taiwan, separated by the East China Sea. The closest neighboring country to Japan is Russia.	[ "Samurai", "Japanese colonial empire" ]
2hop__136686_51968	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Daniel McMahan House is a property in Franklin, Tennessee, United States, that dates from c.1800 and that was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1988.", "title": "Daniel McMahan House" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "With filming completed in Rome, production moved to Mexico City in late March to shoot the film's opening sequence, with scenes to include the Day of the Dead festival filmed in and around the Zócalo and the Centro Histórico district. The planned scenes required the city square to be closed for filming a sequence involving a fight aboard a Messerschmitt-Bölkow-Blohm Bo 105 helicopter flown by stunt pilot Chuck Aaron, which called for modifications to be made to several buildings to prevent damage. This particular scene in Mexico required 1,500 extras, 10 giant skeletons and 250,000 paper flowers. Reports in the Mexican media added that the film's second unit would move to Palenque in the state of Chiapas, to film aerial manoeuvres considered too dangerous to shoot in an urban area.", "title": "Spectre (2015 film)" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "During the 20th century Valencia remained the third most populous city of Spain as its population tripled, rising from 213,550 inhabitants in 1900 to 739,014 in 2000. Valencia was also third in industrial and economic development; notable milestones include urban expansion of the city in the latter 1800s, the creation of the Banco de Valencia in 1900, construction of the Central and Columbus markets, and the construction of the Gare du Nord railway station, completed in 1921. The new century was marked in Valencia with a major event, the Valencian regional exhibition of 1909 (La Exposición Regional Valenciana de 1909), which emulated the national and universal expositions held in other cities. This production was promoted by the Ateneo Mercantil de Valencia (Mercantile Athenaeum of Valencia), especially by its chairman, Tomás Trénor y Palavicino, and had the support of the Government and the Crown; it was officially inaugurated by King Alfonso XIII himself.", "title": "Valencia" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Saint Urban is an unincorporated community in Lewis County, Washington, United States. It is located approximately northeast of Winlock. It came about as German and Swiss immigrants settled here in the late 1800s. At the height of its prosperity the hub of this community, located at the intersection of Military Road and the Sargent Road, consisted of a small store, the Catholic church, a school and a Grange hall. Today only the Grange hall and church remain. The church has been decommissioned but a cemetery is still maintained.", "title": "Saint Urban, Washington" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Some authors argue that anthropology originated and developed as the study of \"other cultures\", both in terms of time (past societies) and space (non-European/non-Western societies). For example, the classic of urban anthropology, Ulf Hannerz in the introduction to his seminal Exploring the City: Inquiries Toward an Urban Anthropology mentions that the \"Third World\" had habitually received most of attention; anthropologists who traditionally specialized in \"other cultures\" looked for them far away and started to look \"across the tracks\" only in late 1960s.", "title": "Anthropology" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Father's Day (Telugu: ఫాదర్స్ డే) is not celebrated in all of India. But is observed the third Sunday of June by mostly westernized urban centers. The event is not a public holiday. The day is usually celebrated only in bigger cities of India like Hyderabad, Chennai, Mumbai, New Delhi, Kanpur, Bengaluru, Kolkata and others. After this day was first observed in the United States in 1908 and gradually gained popularity, Indian metropolitan cities, much later, followed suit by recognising this event. In India, the day is usually celebrated with children giving gifts like greeting cards, electronic gadgets, shirts, coffee mugs or books to their fathers.", "title": "Father's Day" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Center for Architecture is located in the neighborhood of Greenwich Village at 536 LaGuardia Place, between West 3rd Street and Bleecker Street in Manhattan, New York City. In recent years, the center, operated by the New York Chapter of the American Institute of Architects, has become an increasingly important cultural institution through its revolving exhibits on architecture, urban planning, urban design, and environmental planning. The center also offers an extensive calendar of seminars, public feedback forums, project unveilings, and educational programs, as well as events and changing exhibitions.", "title": "Center for Architecture" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Yuengling Bicentennial Park and Gardens ( ) is a city park located in Pottsville, Pennsylvania, United States, which originally opened in the late 1800s and then again in 2005.", "title": "Yuengling Bicentennial Park and Gardens" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Citadine (meaning \"City Women\" in English) is a French language women's and lifestyle magazine published in Casablanca, Morocco. It is the first lifestyle magazine published in the country.", "title": "Citadine" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Following the 1850 Census, Louisville was reported as the nation's tenth largest city, while Kentucky was reported as the eighth most populous state.", "title": "History of Louisville, Kentucky" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The colophons of ancient manuscripts, dated as late as the 20th century, refer to Kathmandu as Kasthamandap Mahanagar in Nepal Mandala. Mahanagar means \"great city\". The city is called \"Kasthamandap\" in a vow that Buddhist priests still recite to this day. Thus, Kathmandu is also known as Kasthamandap. During medieval times, the city was sometimes called Kantipur (कान्तिपुर). This name is derived from two Sanskrit words - Kanti and pur. \"Kanti\" is one of the names of the Goddess Lakshmi, and \"pur\" means place.", "title": "Kathmandu" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The rise of port cities saw the clustering of populations caused by the development of steamships and railroads. Urbanization increased from 1700 to 1922, with towns and cities growing. Improvements in health and sanitation made them more attractive to live and work in. Port cities like Salonica, in Greece, saw its population rise from 55,000 in 1800 to 160,000 in 1912 and İzmir which had a population of 150,000 in 1800 grew to 300,000 by 1914. Some regions conversely had population falls – Belgrade saw its population drop from 25,000 to 8,000 mainly due to political strife.", "title": "Ottoman Empire" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Our Day is a silent documentary short directed by Wallace Kelly in 1938, about a day in the life of the Kelly family in Lebanon, Kentucky. It starred his mother, wife, brother, pet dog, and Wallace himself. The film countered the contemporary stereotypes of impoverished Southerners eking out a living during the Depression, by documenting a modern home inhabited by adults with sophisticated interests.", "title": "Our Day" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The city's population rose from about 5,000 in the 15th century to about 12,000 by 1800 and to above 60,000 by 1900, passing the 100,000 mark during the 1920s. Population peaked during the 1960s at 165,000, and has since decreased slightly, to below 130,000 by 2000. As of October 2015, the resident population stood at 140,634, of which 100,634 were Swiss citizens and 40,000 (30%) resident foreigners. A further estimated 350,000 people live in the immediate urban agglomeration.", "title": "Bern" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Henry Harris Lines (born 1800 or 1801, died 1889) was a landscape artist and archaeologist, and the eldest son of Birmingham artist and drawing master Samuel Lines (1778–1863). There are a number of Henry's works stored in the permanent collections of various provincial museums and art galleries including Birmingham Museum and Art Gallery, Worcester City Art Gallery and Museum and the Royal Birmingham Society of Artists (RBSA) Gallery. As well as at the Birmingham Society of Arts (the precursor to the RBSA), Henry also exhibited at the Royal Academy, British Institution and Society of British Artists. The Wright family's patronage of the Lines family is also evident in William Rostill Lines's (Henry's younger brother) sculpture \"Bust of Mr. Thomas Wright Hill\" that was exhibited at the Birmingham Society of Arts Exhibition in 1829.", "title": "Henry Harris Lines" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Bay View Hospital was a hospital located on 23200 Lake Rd in Bay Village, Ohio. The site was originally home to the Washington Lawrence mansion in the late 1800s until 1948 when it was sold to Dr. Richard Sheppard. It served as an osteopathic medical center from 1948 until it closed its doors on March 1, 1981. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on August 27, 1974.", "title": "Bay View Hospital" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The climate of the north and central parts of the US state of Florida is humid subtropical. South Florida has a true tropical climate. There is a defined rainy season from May through October, when air mass thundershowers that build in the heat of the day drop heavy but brief summer rainfall. Late summer and early fall bring decaying tropical lows (and occasionally landfalling tropical cyclones) that contribute to late summer and early fall rains", "title": "Climate of Florida" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Mature Indus civilisation flourished from about 2600 to 1900 BCE, marking the beginning of urban civilisation on the subcontinent. The civilisation included urban centres such as Dholavira, Kalibangan, Ropar, Rakhigarhi, and Lothal in modern-day India, as well as Harappa, Ganeriwala, and Mohenjo-daro in modern-day Pakistan. The civilisation is noted for its cities built of brick, roadside drainage system, and multistoreyed houses and is thought to have had some kind of municipal organization.", "title": "History of India" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Bruce Littlefield is an American author, businessman, actor, model, and TV contributor. He is the regarded as an American \"lifestyle authority\". He has been called a \"Modern Day Erma Bombeck\", a \"Garage Sale Guru\", the \"Flea Market King\" and is featured as a \"design and lifestyle guru\" on Howdini.com.", "title": "Bruce Littlefield" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Clothed Maja ( ) is a pendant painting by the Spanish painter Francisco de Goya between 1800 and 1805. It is a clothed version of the earlier \"La maja desnuda\" (1797–1800) and is exhibited next to it in the same room at the Prado Museum in Madrid.", "title": "La maja vestida" } ]	Which was the only true city to exhibit an urban lifestyle in the late 1800s in the place where Our Day takes place?	Louisville	[ "Louisville, Kentucky" ]	Title: Center for Architecture Passage: The Center for Architecture is located in the neighborhood of Greenwich Village at 536 LaGuardia Place, between West 3rd Street and Bleecker Street in Manhattan, New York City. In recent years, the center, operated by the New York Chapter of the American Institute of Architects, has become an increasingly important cultural institution through its revolving exhibits on architecture, urban planning, urban design, and environmental planning. The center also offers an extensive calendar of seminars, public feedback forums, project unveilings, and educational programs, as well as events and changing exhibitions. Title: Citadine Passage: Citadine (meaning "City Women" in English) is a French language women's and lifestyle magazine published in Casablanca, Morocco. It is the first lifestyle magazine published in the country. Title: Daniel McMahan House Passage: The Daniel McMahan House is a property in Franklin, Tennessee, United States, that dates from c.1800 and that was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1988. Title: Valencia Passage: During the 20th century Valencia remained the third most populous city of Spain as its population tripled, rising from 213,550 inhabitants in 1900 to 739,014 in 2000. Valencia was also third in industrial and economic development; notable milestones include urban expansion of the city in the latter 1800s, the creation of the Banco de Valencia in 1900, construction of the Central and Columbus markets, and the construction of the Gare du Nord railway station, completed in 1921. The new century was marked in Valencia with a major event, the Valencian regional exhibition of 1909 (La Exposición Regional Valenciana de 1909), which emulated the national and universal expositions held in other cities. This production was promoted by the Ateneo Mercantil de Valencia (Mercantile Athenaeum of Valencia), especially by its chairman, Tomás Trénor y Palavicino, and had the support of the Government and the Crown; it was officially inaugurated by King Alfonso XIII himself. Title: Anthropology Passage: Some authors argue that anthropology originated and developed as the study of "other cultures", both in terms of time (past societies) and space (non-European/non-Western societies). For example, the classic of urban anthropology, Ulf Hannerz in the introduction to his seminal Exploring the City: Inquiries Toward an Urban Anthropology mentions that the "Third World" had habitually received most of attention; anthropologists who traditionally specialized in "other cultures" looked for them far away and started to look "across the tracks" only in late 1960s. Title: Saint Urban, Washington Passage: Saint Urban is an unincorporated community in Lewis County, Washington, United States. It is located approximately northeast of Winlock. It came about as German and Swiss immigrants settled here in the late 1800s. At the height of its prosperity the hub of this community, located at the intersection of Military Road and the Sargent Road, consisted of a small store, the Catholic church, a school and a Grange hall. Today only the Grange hall and church remain. The church has been decommissioned but a cemetery is still maintained. Title: Kathmandu Passage: The colophons of ancient manuscripts, dated as late as the 20th century, refer to Kathmandu as Kasthamandap Mahanagar in Nepal Mandala. Mahanagar means "great city". The city is called "Kasthamandap" in a vow that Buddhist priests still recite to this day. Thus, Kathmandu is also known as Kasthamandap. During medieval times, the city was sometimes called Kantipur (कान्तिपुर). This name is derived from two Sanskrit words - Kanti and pur. "Kanti" is one of the names of the Goddess Lakshmi, and "pur" means place. Title: Ottoman Empire Passage: The rise of port cities saw the clustering of populations caused by the development of steamships and railroads. Urbanization increased from 1700 to 1922, with towns and cities growing. Improvements in health and sanitation made them more attractive to live and work in. Port cities like Salonica, in Greece, saw its population rise from 55,000 in 1800 to 160,000 in 1912 and İzmir which had a population of 150,000 in 1800 grew to 300,000 by 1914. Some regions conversely had population falls – Belgrade saw its population drop from 25,000 to 8,000 mainly due to political strife. Title: History of Louisville, Kentucky Passage: Following the 1850 Census, Louisville was reported as the nation's tenth largest city, while Kentucky was reported as the eighth most populous state. Title: Climate of Florida Passage: The climate of the north and central parts of the US state of Florida is humid subtropical. South Florida has a true tropical climate. There is a defined rainy season from May through October, when air mass thundershowers that build in the heat of the day drop heavy but brief summer rainfall. Late summer and early fall bring decaying tropical lows (and occasionally landfalling tropical cyclones) that contribute to late summer and early fall rains Title: History of India Passage: The Mature Indus civilisation flourished from about 2600 to 1900 BCE, marking the beginning of urban civilisation on the subcontinent. The civilisation included urban centres such as Dholavira, Kalibangan, Ropar, Rakhigarhi, and Lothal in modern-day India, as well as Harappa, Ganeriwala, and Mohenjo-daro in modern-day Pakistan. The civilisation is noted for its cities built of brick, roadside drainage system, and multistoreyed houses and is thought to have had some kind of municipal organization. Title: Spectre (2015 film) Passage: With filming completed in Rome, production moved to Mexico City in late March to shoot the film's opening sequence, with scenes to include the Day of the Dead festival filmed in and around the Zócalo and the Centro Histórico district. The planned scenes required the city square to be closed for filming a sequence involving a fight aboard a Messerschmitt-Bölkow-Blohm Bo 105 helicopter flown by stunt pilot Chuck Aaron, which called for modifications to be made to several buildings to prevent damage. This particular scene in Mexico required 1,500 extras, 10 giant skeletons and 250,000 paper flowers. Reports in the Mexican media added that the film's second unit would move to Palenque in the state of Chiapas, to film aerial manoeuvres considered too dangerous to shoot in an urban area. Title: Yuengling Bicentennial Park and Gardens Passage: The Yuengling Bicentennial Park and Gardens ( ) is a city park located in Pottsville, Pennsylvania, United States, which originally opened in the late 1800s and then again in 2005. Title: La maja vestida Passage: The Clothed Maja ( ) is a pendant painting by the Spanish painter Francisco de Goya between 1800 and 1805. It is a clothed version of the earlier "La maja desnuda" (1797–1800) and is exhibited next to it in the same room at the Prado Museum in Madrid. Title: Bruce Littlefield Passage: Bruce Littlefield is an American author, businessman, actor, model, and TV contributor. He is the regarded as an American "lifestyle authority". He has been called a "Modern Day Erma Bombeck", a "Garage Sale Guru", the "Flea Market King" and is featured as a "design and lifestyle guru" on Howdini.com. Title: Bern Passage: The city's population rose from about 5,000 in the 15th century to about 12,000 by 1800 and to above 60,000 by 1900, passing the 100,000 mark during the 1920s. Population peaked during the 1960s at 165,000, and has since decreased slightly, to below 130,000 by 2000. As of October 2015, the resident population stood at 140,634, of which 100,634 were Swiss citizens and 40,000 (30%) resident foreigners. A further estimated 350,000 people live in the immediate urban agglomeration. Title: Henry Harris Lines Passage: Henry Harris Lines (born 1800 or 1801, died 1889) was a landscape artist and archaeologist, and the eldest son of Birmingham artist and drawing master Samuel Lines (1778–1863). There are a number of Henry's works stored in the permanent collections of various provincial museums and art galleries including Birmingham Museum and Art Gallery, Worcester City Art Gallery and Museum and the Royal Birmingham Society of Artists (RBSA) Gallery. As well as at the Birmingham Society of Arts (the precursor to the RBSA), Henry also exhibited at the Royal Academy, British Institution and Society of British Artists. The Wright family's patronage of the Lines family is also evident in William Rostill Lines's (Henry's younger brother) sculpture "Bust of Mr. Thomas Wright Hill" that was exhibited at the Birmingham Society of Arts Exhibition in 1829. Title: Our Day Passage: Our Day is a silent documentary short directed by Wallace Kelly in 1938, about a day in the life of the Kelly family in Lebanon, Kentucky. It starred his mother, wife, brother, pet dog, and Wallace himself. The film countered the contemporary stereotypes of impoverished Southerners eking out a living during the Depression, by documenting a modern home inhabited by adults with sophisticated interests. Title: Bay View Hospital Passage: Bay View Hospital was a hospital located on 23200 Lake Rd in Bay Village, Ohio. The site was originally home to the Washington Lawrence mansion in the late 1800s until 1948 when it was sold to Dr. Richard Sheppard. It served as an osteopathic medical center from 1948 until it closed its doors on March 1, 1981. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on August 27, 1974. Title: Father's Day Passage: Father's Day (Telugu: ఫాదర్స్ డే) is not celebrated in all of India. But is observed the third Sunday of June by mostly westernized urban centers. The event is not a public holiday. The day is usually celebrated only in bigger cities of India like Hyderabad, Chennai, Mumbai, New Delhi, Kanpur, Bengaluru, Kolkata and others. After this day was first observed in the United States in 1908 and gradually gained popularity, Indian metropolitan cities, much later, followed suit by recognising this event. In India, the day is usually celebrated with children giving gifts like greeting cards, electronic gadgets, shirts, coffee mugs or books to their fathers.	[ "History of Louisville, Kentucky", "Our Day" ]
2hop__18251_9902	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "SS \"American Victory\" is a Victory ship which saw brief service in the Pacific Theater of Operations during the waning months of World War II, Korean War from 1951-1954, and Vietnam War from 1967-1969. Built in June 1945, she carried ammunition and other cargo from U.S. West Coast ports to Southeast Asia, then ferried cargo, equipment and troops back to the U.S. after the war ended. She survived two typhoons, and one hurricane. She sailed around the world twice.", "title": "SS American Victory" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "As of July 2017, there are a total of 1,073 World Heritage Sites located in 167 ``States Parties ''Of the 1,073 sites, 832 are cultural, 206 are natural and 35 are mixed properties. The countries have been divided by the World Heritage Committee into five geographic zones: Africa, Arab States, Asia and the Pacific, Europe and North America, and Latin America and the Caribbean. The country with the most number of sites (including sites shared with other countries) is Italy, with 53 entries. The country with the most number of sites by itself alone (excluding sites shared with other countries) is China, with 51 entries.", "title": "World Heritage Sites by country" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "When World War II started in 1939, it divided the world into two alliances—the Allies (the United Kingdom and France at first in Europe, China in Asia since 1937, followed in 1941 by the Soviet Union, the United States); and the Axis powers consisting of Germany, Italy and Japan.[nb 1] During World War II, the United States, United Kingdom, and Soviet Union controlled Allied policy and emerged as the \"Big Three\". The Republic of China and the Big Three were referred as a \"trusteeship of the powerful\" and were recognized as the Allied \"Big Four\" in Declaration by United Nations in 1942. These four countries were referred as the \"Four Policemen\" of the Allies and considered as the primary victors of World War II. The importance of France was acknowledged by their inclusion, along with the other four, in the group of countries allotted permanent seats in the United Nations Security Council.", "title": "Great power" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Harold Robert Isaacs (1910–1986) was an American journalist and political scientist. Isaacs went to China in 1930 and became involved with left wing politics in Shanghai and wrote The Tragedy of the Chinese Revolution, about the Chinese Revolution of 1925-27, first published with a preface by Leon Trotsky. He covered World War II in Southeast Asia and China for Newsweek Magazine. In 1953 he joined the department of political science at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. In the following years he published Scratches on our Minds: American Images of China and India, American Jews in Israel, and The New World of Negro Americans, among others.", "title": "Harold Isaacs" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Japan is an island nation in East Asia comprising a stratovolcanic archipelago extending along the continent's Pacific coast. It lies between 24 ° to 46 ° north latitude and from 123 ° to 146 ° east longitude. Japan is southeast of the Russian Far East, separated by the Sea of Okhotsk; slightly east of Korea, separated by the Sea of Japan; and east - northeast of China and Taiwan, separated by the East China Sea. The closest neighboring country to Japan is the Russian Federation.", "title": "Geography of Japan" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Battle of Iwo Jima (19 February – 26 March 1945) was a major battle in which the United States Marine Corps and Navy landed on and eventually captured the island of Iwo Jima from the Imperial Japanese Army (IJA) during World War II. The American invasion, designated Operation Detachment, had the goal of capturing the entire island, including the three Japanese-controlled airfields (including the South Field and the Central Field), to provide a staging area for attacks on the Japanese main islands. This five-week battle comprised some of the fiercest and bloodiest fighting of the Pacific War of World War II.", "title": "Battle of Iwo Jima" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "It is generally considered that the Pacific War began on 7/8 December 1941, on which date Japan invaded Thailand and attacked the British possessions of Malaya, Singapore, and Hong Kong as well as the United States military bases in Hawaii, Wake Island, Guam and the Philippines. Some historians contend that the conflict in Asia can be dated back to 7 July 1937 with the beginning of the Second Sino-Japanese War between the Empire of Japan and the Republic of China, or possibly 19 September 1931, beginning with the Japanese invasion of Manchuria. However, it is more widely accepted that the Pacific War itself started in early December 1941, with the Sino-Japanese War then becoming part of it as a theater of the greater World War II.[nb 9]", "title": "Pacific War" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Battle of Iwo Jima (19 February -- 26 March 1945) was a major battle in which the United States Marine Corps landed on and eventually captured the island of Iwo Jima from the Imperial Japanese Army (IJA) during World War II. The American invasion, designated Operation Detachment, had the goal of capturing the entire island, including the three Japanese - controlled airfields (including the South Field and the Central Field), to provide a staging area for attacks on the Japanese main islands. This five - week battle comprised some of the fiercest and bloodiest fighting of the Pacific War of World War II.", "title": "Battle of Iwo Jima" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Indonesia is the largest country in Southeast Asia and it also the largest archipelago in the world by size (according to the CIA World Factbook). Geologically, the Indonesian Archipelago is one of the most volcanically active regions in the world. Geological uplifts in the region have also produced some impressive mountains, culminating in Puncak Jaya in Papua, Indonesia at 5,030 metres (16,500 feet), on the island of New Guinea; it is the only place where ice glaciers can be found in Southeast Asia. The second tallest peak is Mount Kinabalu in Sabah, Malaysia on the island of Borneo with a height of 4,095 metres (13,435 feet). The highest mountain in Southeast Asia is Hkakabo Razi at 5,967 meters and can be found in northern Burma sharing the same range of its parent peak, Mount Everest.", "title": "Southeast Asia" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "By the time of John Seller's Atlas Maritima of 1670, \"India Beyond the Ganges\" had become \"the East Indies\" including China, Korea, southeast Asia and the islands of the Pacific in a map that was every bit as distorted as Ptolemy's, despite the lapse of approximately 1500 years. That \"east\" in turn was only an English translation of Latin Oriens and Orientalis, \"the land of the rising sun,\" used since Roman times for \"east.\" The world map of Jodocus Hondius of 1590 labels all of Asia from the Caspian to the Pacific as India Orientalis, shortly to appear in translation as the East Indies.", "title": "Near East" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The end of World War II in Asia occurred on 14 and 15 August 1945, when armed forces of the Empire of Japan surrendered to the forces of the Allies. The surrender came over three months after the surrender of the Axis forces in Europe and brought an end to World War II.", "title": "End of World War II in Asia" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Starting in 1940 (18 months before Pearl Harbor), the nation mobilized, giving high priority to air power. American involvement in World War II in 1940–41 was limited to providing war material and financial support to Britain, the Soviet Union, and the Republic of China. The U.S. entered officially on 8 December 1941 following the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor, Hawaii. Japanese forces soon seized American, Dutch, and British possessions across the Pacific and Southeast Asia, except for Australia, which became a main American forward base along with Hawaii.", "title": "Military history of the United States" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Southeast Asia has an area of approximately 4,000,000 km2 (1.6 million square miles). As of 2013, Around 625 million people lived in the region, more than a fifth of them (143 million) on the Indonesian island of Java, the most densely populated large island in the world. Indonesia is the most populous country with 255 million people as of 2015, and also the 4th most populous country in the world. The distribution of the religions and people is diverse in Southeast Asia and varies by country. Some 30 million overseas Chinese also live in Southeast Asia, most prominently in Christmas Island, Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, and Thailand, and also, as the Hoa, in Vietnam.", "title": "Southeast Asia" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In Oceania, France obtained a leading position as imperial power after making Tahiti and New Caledonia protectorates in 1842 and 1853 respectively. After navy visits to Easter Island in 1875 and 1887, Chilean navy officer Policarpo Toro negotiated the incorporation of the island into Chile with native Rapanui in 1888. By occupying Easter Island, Chile joined the imperial nations. By 1900 nearly all Pacific islands were in control of Britain, France, United States, Germany, Japan, and Chile.Although the United States gained control of Guam and the Philippines from Spain in 1898, Japan controlled most of the western Pacific by 1914 and occupied many other islands during World War II. However, by the end of that war, Japan was defeated and the U.S. Pacific Fleet was the virtual master of the ocean. Since the end of World War II, many former colonies in the Pacific have become independent states.", "title": "Pacific Ocean" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Relations with China began under George Washington, leading to the 1845 Treaty of Wangxia. The United States was allied to the Republic of China during the Pacific War, but broke off relations with China for 25 years when the communist government took over, until Richard Nixon's 1972 visit to China. Since Nixon, every successive U.S. president has toured China. Relations between the two countries have generally been stable with some periods of open conflict, most notably during the Korean War and the Vietnam War. Currently, China and the United States have mutual political, economic, and security interests, including but not limited to the proliferation of nuclear weapons, although there are unresolved concerns relating to the role of democracy in the government in China and human rights in both respective countries. Relations with China have strained under Barack Obama's Asia pivot strategy, ongoing maritime disputes in the South China Sea, and a trade war in 2018.", "title": "China–United States relations" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Definitions of \"Southeast Asia\" vary, but most definitions include the area represented by the countries (sovereign states and dependent territories) listed below. All of the states except for East Timor are members of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN). The area, together with part of South Asia, was widely known as the East Indies or simply the Indies until the 20th century. Christmas Island and the Cocos (Keeling) Islands[citation needed] are considered part of Southeast Asia though they are governed by Australia.[citation needed] Sovereignty issues exist over some territories in the South China Sea. Papua New Guinea has stated that it might join ASEAN, and is currently an observer.", "title": "Southeast Asia" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "USS \"Embattle\" (AM-226) was an built for the United States Navy during World War II. She earned two battle stars in service in the Pacific during World War II. In May 1946, she was turned over to the Republic of China for service with the Chinese Maritime Customs Service as \"Yung Hsing\". Her fate is unreported in secondary sources.", "title": "USS Embattle (AM-226)" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Japan is an island nation in East Asia comprising a volcanic archipelago extending along the continent's Pacific coast. It lies between 24 ° to 46 ° north latitude and from 123 ° to 146 ° east longitude. Japan is southeast of the Russian Far East, separated by the Sea of Okhotsk; slightly east of the Korean Peninsula, separated by the Sea of Japan; and east - northeast of China and Taiwan, separated by the East China Sea. The closest neighboring country to Japan is Russia.", "title": "Geography of Japan" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Korean War (in South Korean Hangul: 한국전쟁, Hanja: 韓國戰爭, Hanguk Jeonjaeng, \"Korean War\"; in North Korean Chosungul: 조국해방전쟁, Joguk Haebang Jeonjaeng, \"Fatherland Liberation War\"; 25 June 1950 – 27 July 1953)[a] was started when North Korea invaded South Korea. The United Nations, with United States as the principal force, came to aid of South Korea. China, along with assistance from Soviet Union, came to aid of North Korea. The war arose from the division of Korea at the end of World War II and from the global tensions of the Cold War that developed immediately afterwards.", "title": "Korean War" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Brunei ( ), officially the Nation of Brunei, the Abode of Peace (, Jawi: ), is a country located on the north coast of the island of Borneo in Southeast Asia. Apart from its coastline with the South China Sea, the country is completely surrounded by the Malaysian state of Sarawak. It is separated into two parts by the Sarawak district of Limbang. Brunei is the only sovereign state completely on the island of Borneo; the remainder of the island's territory is divided between the nations of Malaysia and Indonesia. Brunei's population was in .", "title": "Brunei" } ]	What were China, southeast Asia, the islands of the Pacific and the country that was divided at the end of WWII included in?	"the East Indies"	[ "East Indies" ]	Title: Southeast Asia Passage: Indonesia is the largest country in Southeast Asia and it also the largest archipelago in the world by size (according to the CIA World Factbook). Geologically, the Indonesian Archipelago is one of the most volcanically active regions in the world. Geological uplifts in the region have also produced some impressive mountains, culminating in Puncak Jaya in Papua, Indonesia at 5,030 metres (16,500 feet), on the island of New Guinea; it is the only place where ice glaciers can be found in Southeast Asia. The second tallest peak is Mount Kinabalu in Sabah, Malaysia on the island of Borneo with a height of 4,095 metres (13,435 feet). The highest mountain in Southeast Asia is Hkakabo Razi at 5,967 meters and can be found in northern Burma sharing the same range of its parent peak, Mount Everest. Title: Battle of Iwo Jima Passage: The Battle of Iwo Jima (19 February -- 26 March 1945) was a major battle in which the United States Marine Corps landed on and eventually captured the island of Iwo Jima from the Imperial Japanese Army (IJA) during World War II. The American invasion, designated Operation Detachment, had the goal of capturing the entire island, including the three Japanese - controlled airfields (including the South Field and the Central Field), to provide a staging area for attacks on the Japanese main islands. This five - week battle comprised some of the fiercest and bloodiest fighting of the Pacific War of World War II. Title: Near East Passage: By the time of John Seller's Atlas Maritima of 1670, "India Beyond the Ganges" had become "the East Indies" including China, Korea, southeast Asia and the islands of the Pacific in a map that was every bit as distorted as Ptolemy's, despite the lapse of approximately 1500 years. That "east" in turn was only an English translation of Latin Oriens and Orientalis, "the land of the rising sun," used since Roman times for "east." The world map of Jodocus Hondius of 1590 labels all of Asia from the Caspian to the Pacific as India Orientalis, shortly to appear in translation as the East Indies. Title: Pacific War Passage: It is generally considered that the Pacific War began on 7/8 December 1941, on which date Japan invaded Thailand and attacked the British possessions of Malaya, Singapore, and Hong Kong as well as the United States military bases in Hawaii, Wake Island, Guam and the Philippines. Some historians contend that the conflict in Asia can be dated back to 7 July 1937 with the beginning of the Second Sino-Japanese War between the Empire of Japan and the Republic of China, or possibly 19 September 1931, beginning with the Japanese invasion of Manchuria. However, it is more widely accepted that the Pacific War itself started in early December 1941, with the Sino-Japanese War then becoming part of it as a theater of the greater World War II.[nb 9] Title: Southeast Asia Passage: Southeast Asia has an area of approximately 4,000,000 km2 (1.6 million square miles). As of 2013, Around 625 million people lived in the region, more than a fifth of them (143 million) on the Indonesian island of Java, the most densely populated large island in the world. Indonesia is the most populous country with 255 million people as of 2015, and also the 4th most populous country in the world. The distribution of the religions and people is diverse in Southeast Asia and varies by country. Some 30 million overseas Chinese also live in Southeast Asia, most prominently in Christmas Island, Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, and Thailand, and also, as the Hoa, in Vietnam. Title: Southeast Asia Passage: Definitions of "Southeast Asia" vary, but most definitions include the area represented by the countries (sovereign states and dependent territories) listed below. All of the states except for East Timor are members of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN). The area, together with part of South Asia, was widely known as the East Indies or simply the Indies until the 20th century. Christmas Island and the Cocos (Keeling) Islands[citation needed] are considered part of Southeast Asia though they are governed by Australia.[citation needed] Sovereignty issues exist over some territories in the South China Sea. Papua New Guinea has stated that it might join ASEAN, and is currently an observer. Title: Military history of the United States Passage: Starting in 1940 (18 months before Pearl Harbor), the nation mobilized, giving high priority to air power. American involvement in World War II in 1940–41 was limited to providing war material and financial support to Britain, the Soviet Union, and the Republic of China. The U.S. entered officially on 8 December 1941 following the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor, Hawaii. Japanese forces soon seized American, Dutch, and British possessions across the Pacific and Southeast Asia, except for Australia, which became a main American forward base along with Hawaii. Title: Pacific Ocean Passage: In Oceania, France obtained a leading position as imperial power after making Tahiti and New Caledonia protectorates in 1842 and 1853 respectively. After navy visits to Easter Island in 1875 and 1887, Chilean navy officer Policarpo Toro negotiated the incorporation of the island into Chile with native Rapanui in 1888. By occupying Easter Island, Chile joined the imperial nations. By 1900 nearly all Pacific islands were in control of Britain, France, United States, Germany, Japan, and Chile.Although the United States gained control of Guam and the Philippines from Spain in 1898, Japan controlled most of the western Pacific by 1914 and occupied many other islands during World War II. However, by the end of that war, Japan was defeated and the U.S. Pacific Fleet was the virtual master of the ocean. Since the end of World War II, many former colonies in the Pacific have become independent states. Title: Great power Passage: When World War II started in 1939, it divided the world into two alliances—the Allies (the United Kingdom and France at first in Europe, China in Asia since 1937, followed in 1941 by the Soviet Union, the United States); and the Axis powers consisting of Germany, Italy and Japan.[nb 1] During World War II, the United States, United Kingdom, and Soviet Union controlled Allied policy and emerged as the "Big Three". The Republic of China and the Big Three were referred as a "trusteeship of the powerful" and were recognized as the Allied "Big Four" in Declaration by United Nations in 1942. These four countries were referred as the "Four Policemen" of the Allies and considered as the primary victors of World War II. The importance of France was acknowledged by their inclusion, along with the other four, in the group of countries allotted permanent seats in the United Nations Security Council. Title: Brunei Passage: Brunei ( ), officially the Nation of Brunei, the Abode of Peace (, Jawi: ), is a country located on the north coast of the island of Borneo in Southeast Asia. Apart from its coastline with the South China Sea, the country is completely surrounded by the Malaysian state of Sarawak. It is separated into two parts by the Sarawak district of Limbang. Brunei is the only sovereign state completely on the island of Borneo; the remainder of the island's territory is divided between the nations of Malaysia and Indonesia. Brunei's population was in . Title: World Heritage Sites by country Passage: As of July 2017, there are a total of 1,073 World Heritage Sites located in 167 ``States Parties ''Of the 1,073 sites, 832 are cultural, 206 are natural and 35 are mixed properties. The countries have been divided by the World Heritage Committee into five geographic zones: Africa, Arab States, Asia and the Pacific, Europe and North America, and Latin America and the Caribbean. The country with the most number of sites (including sites shared with other countries) is Italy, with 53 entries. The country with the most number of sites by itself alone (excluding sites shared with other countries) is China, with 51 entries. Title: USS Embattle (AM-226) Passage: USS "Embattle" (AM-226) was an built for the United States Navy during World War II. She earned two battle stars in service in the Pacific during World War II. In May 1946, she was turned over to the Republic of China for service with the Chinese Maritime Customs Service as "Yung Hsing". Her fate is unreported in secondary sources. Title: Geography of Japan Passage: Japan is an island nation in East Asia comprising a volcanic archipelago extending along the continent's Pacific coast. It lies between 24 ° to 46 ° north latitude and from 123 ° to 146 ° east longitude. Japan is southeast of the Russian Far East, separated by the Sea of Okhotsk; slightly east of the Korean Peninsula, separated by the Sea of Japan; and east - northeast of China and Taiwan, separated by the East China Sea. The closest neighboring country to Japan is Russia. Title: China–United States relations Passage: Relations with China began under George Washington, leading to the 1845 Treaty of Wangxia. The United States was allied to the Republic of China during the Pacific War, but broke off relations with China for 25 years when the communist government took over, until Richard Nixon's 1972 visit to China. Since Nixon, every successive U.S. president has toured China. Relations between the two countries have generally been stable with some periods of open conflict, most notably during the Korean War and the Vietnam War. Currently, China and the United States have mutual political, economic, and security interests, including but not limited to the proliferation of nuclear weapons, although there are unresolved concerns relating to the role of democracy in the government in China and human rights in both respective countries. Relations with China have strained under Barack Obama's Asia pivot strategy, ongoing maritime disputes in the South China Sea, and a trade war in 2018. Title: Korean War Passage: The Korean War (in South Korean Hangul: 한국전쟁, Hanja: 韓國戰爭, Hanguk Jeonjaeng, "Korean War"; in North Korean Chosungul: 조국해방전쟁, Joguk Haebang Jeonjaeng, "Fatherland Liberation War"; 25 June 1950 – 27 July 1953)[a] was started when North Korea invaded South Korea. The United Nations, with United States as the principal force, came to aid of South Korea. China, along with assistance from Soviet Union, came to aid of North Korea. The war arose from the division of Korea at the end of World War II and from the global tensions of the Cold War that developed immediately afterwards. Title: End of World War II in Asia Passage: The end of World War II in Asia occurred on 14 and 15 August 1945, when armed forces of the Empire of Japan surrendered to the forces of the Allies. The surrender came over three months after the surrender of the Axis forces in Europe and brought an end to World War II. Title: Geography of Japan Passage: Japan is an island nation in East Asia comprising a stratovolcanic archipelago extending along the continent's Pacific coast. It lies between 24 ° to 46 ° north latitude and from 123 ° to 146 ° east longitude. Japan is southeast of the Russian Far East, separated by the Sea of Okhotsk; slightly east of Korea, separated by the Sea of Japan; and east - northeast of China and Taiwan, separated by the East China Sea. The closest neighboring country to Japan is the Russian Federation. Title: SS American Victory Passage: SS "American Victory" is a Victory ship which saw brief service in the Pacific Theater of Operations during the waning months of World War II, Korean War from 1951-1954, and Vietnam War from 1967-1969. Built in June 1945, she carried ammunition and other cargo from U.S. West Coast ports to Southeast Asia, then ferried cargo, equipment and troops back to the U.S. after the war ended. She survived two typhoons, and one hurricane. She sailed around the world twice. Title: Battle of Iwo Jima Passage: The Battle of Iwo Jima (19 February – 26 March 1945) was a major battle in which the United States Marine Corps and Navy landed on and eventually captured the island of Iwo Jima from the Imperial Japanese Army (IJA) during World War II. The American invasion, designated Operation Detachment, had the goal of capturing the entire island, including the three Japanese-controlled airfields (including the South Field and the Central Field), to provide a staging area for attacks on the Japanese main islands. This five-week battle comprised some of the fiercest and bloodiest fighting of the Pacific War of World War II. Title: Harold Isaacs Passage: Harold Robert Isaacs (1910–1986) was an American journalist and political scientist. Isaacs went to China in 1930 and became involved with left wing politics in Shanghai and wrote The Tragedy of the Chinese Revolution, about the Chinese Revolution of 1925-27, first published with a preface by Leon Trotsky. He covered World War II in Southeast Asia and China for Newsweek Magazine. In 1953 he joined the department of political science at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. In the following years he published Scratches on our Minds: American Images of China and India, American Jews in Israel, and The New World of Negro Americans, among others.	[ "Near East", "Korean War" ]
2hop__92103_29346	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Voting Rights Act of 1965 is a landmark piece of federal legislation in the United States that prohibits racial discrimination in voting. It was signed into law by President Lyndon B. Johnson during the height of the Civil Rights Movement on August 6, 1965, and Congress later amended the Act five times to expand its protections. Designed to enforce the voting rights guaranteed by the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Amendments to the United States Constitution, the Act secured the right to vote for racial minorities throughout the country, especially in the South. According to the U.S. Department of Justice, the Act is considered to be the most effective piece of federal civil rights legislation ever enacted in the country.", "title": "Voting Rights Act of 1965" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In the latter half of the 20th century, a series of controversies arose with regard to gymnast ages, some of them leading to sanctions by FIG, and paving the way for the age requirements to be raised from 14 to 15 in 1981, and then to 16 in 1997.", "title": "Age requirements in gymnastics" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "During August and September 2004, there was an intense focus on events that occurred in the late 1960s and early 1970s. Bush was accused of failing to fulfill his required service in the Texas Air National Guard. However, the focus quickly shifted to the conduct of CBS News after they aired a segment on 60 Minutes Wednesday introducing what became known as the Killian documents. Serious doubts about the documents' authenticity quickly emerged, leading CBS to appoint a review panel that eventually resulted in the firing of the news producer and other significant staffing changes.", "title": "2004 United States presidential election" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Say Yes\" is a Japanese single by Chage and Aska, released by Pony Canyon on July 24, 1991. The song was used as a theme of the Japanese television drama \"101 kaime no Propose\". It was regarded as a wedding song.", "title": "Say Yes (Chage and Aska song)" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Broadcasting Act (long title: \"An Act respecting broadcasting and to amend certain Acts in relation thereto and in relation to radiocommunication\") is an Act of the Parliament of Canada regarding broadcasting of radiocommunications.", "title": "Broadcasting Act (1991)" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Selective Service Act or Selective Draft Act (Pub. L. 65 -- 12, 40 Stat. 76, enacted May 18, 1917) authorized the United States federal government to raise a national army for service in World War I through conscription. It was envisioned in December 1916 and brought to President Woodrow Wilson's attention shortly after the break in relations with Germany in February 1917. The Act itself was drafted by then - Captain (later Brigadier General) Hugh S. Johnson after the United States entered World War I by declaring war on Germany. The Act was canceled with the end of the war on November, 1918. The Act was upheld as constitutional by the United States Supreme Court in 1918.", "title": "Selective Service Act of 1917" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Henry Spira (19 June 1927 – 12 September 1998) was a Belgian-American animal rights advocate, regarded by some as one of the most effective animal advocates of the 20th century.", "title": "Henry Spira" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Revue Arcadie\" remained in continuous publication until 1982 when the laws regarding homosexual conduct were changed to be identical with those relating to heterosexual behavior. Its emphasis on \"dignity\" and \"respectability\" led the \"Revue Arcadie\" to be increasingly out-of-step with the more revolutionary gay political organizations demanding civil rights for gay men and lesbians in France. Upon seeing that the review's message was no longer effective in creating social change and seeing more progressive organizations securing rights for homosexuals, the editors decided to cease publication.", "title": "Arcadie" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Society was an 1865 comedy drama by Thomas William Robertson regarded as a milestone in Victorian drama because of its realism in sets, costume, acting and dialogue. Unusually for that time, Robertson both wrote and directed the play, and his innovative writing and stage direction inspired George Bernard Shaw and W. S. Gilbert.", "title": "Society (play)" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Eisenhower told District of Columbia officials to make Washington a model for the rest of the country in integrating black and white public school children. He proposed to Congress the Civil Rights Act of 1957 and of 1960 and signed those acts into law. The 1957 act for the first time established a permanent civil rights office inside the Justice Department and a Civil Rights Commission to hear testimony about abuses of voting rights. Although both acts were much weaker than subsequent civil rights legislation, they constituted the first significant civil rights acts since 1875.", "title": "Dwight D. Eisenhower" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Prince Jack is a 1985 film from Castle Hill Productions which dramatizes some of the inner workings of the Kennedy administration, including efforts by Attorney General Robert F. Kennedy to address the issues arising from the Civil Rights Movement. Although primarily a dramatic narrative, \"Prince Jack\" also uses satire and black humor, especially with regard to the Kennedy brothers' complicated relationship with Lyndon B. Johnson.", "title": "Prince Jack" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Old - Age Pensions Act 1908 is an Act of Parliament of the United Kingdom, passed in 1908. The Act is often regarded as one of the foundations of modern social welfare in the United Kingdom and forms part of the wider social welfare reforms of the Liberal Government of 1906 -- 1914.", "title": "Old-Age Pensions Act 1908" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Born in Origny-Sainte-Benoite, Dosière is best known for his many questions to the government regarding the expenses of the services of the French presidency.", "title": "René Dosière" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The 1991 Act combined elements from two different civil right acts of the past: the Civil Rights Act of 1866, better known by the number assigned to it in the codification of federal laws as Section 1981, and the employment - related provisions of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, generally referred to as Title VII. The two statutes, passed nearly a century apart, approached the issue of employment discrimination very differently: Section 1981 prohibited only discrimination based on race or color, but Title VII also prohibited discrimination on the basis of sex, religion, and national origin. Section 1981, which had lain dormant and unenforced for a century after its passage, allowed plaintiffs to seek compensatory damages and trial by jury. Title VII, passed in the 1960s when it was assumed that Southern juries could not render a fair verdict, allowed only trial by the court and provided for only traditional equitable remedies: back pay, reinstatement, and injunctions against future acts of discrimination. By the time the 1991 Act was passed, both allowed for an award of attorneys fees.", "title": "Civil Rights Act of 1991" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The economic reforms of President Carlos Salinas de Gortari had a tremendous effect on the city, as a number of businesses, including banks and airlines, were privatized. He also signed the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA). This led to decentralization and a shift in Mexico City's economic base, from manufacturing to services, as most factories moved away to either the State of Mexico, or more commonly to the northern border. By contrast, corporate office buildings set their base in the city.", "title": "Mexico City" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Civil Rights Act of 1964 (Pub. L. 88 -- 352, 78 Stat. 241, enacted July 2, 1964) is a landmark civil rights and US labor law in the United States that outlaws discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex or national origin. It prohibited unequal application of voter registration requirements, racial segregation in schools, employment, and public accommodations.", "title": "Civil Rights Act of 1964" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "United Nations Security Council resolution 727, adopted unanimously on 8 January 1992, after reaffirming resolutions 713 (1991), 721 (1991), 724 (1991) and considering a report by the Secretary-General Boutros Boutros-Ghali, the Council welcomed the recent signing of an agreement in Sarajevo regarding a ceasefire to the conflicts in the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia.", "title": "United Nations Security Council Resolution 727" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Pendleton Civil Service Reform Act (ch. 27, 22 Stat. 403) is a United States federal law, enacted in 1883, which established that positions within the federal government should be awarded on the basis of merit instead of political affiliation. The act provided selection of government employees by competitive exams, rather than ties to politicians or political affiliation. It also made it illegal to fire or demote government officials for political reasons and prohibited soliciting campaign donations on Federal government property. To enforce the merit system and the judicial system, the law also created the United States Civil Service Commission. This board would be in charge of determining the rules and regulations of the act. The Act also allowed for the president, by executive order to decide which positions could be subject to the act and which would not. A crucial result was the shift of the parties to reliance on funding from business, since they could no longer depend on patronage hopefuls.", "title": "Pendleton Civil Service Reform Act" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The \"religious test\" clause has been interpreted to cover both elected officials and appointed ones, career civil servants as well as political appointees. Religious beliefs or the lack of them have therefore not been permissible tests or qualifications with regard to federal employees since the ratification of the Constitution. Seven states, however, have language included in their Bill of Rights, Declaration of Rights, or in the body of their constitutions that require state office-holders to have particular religious beliefs, though some of these have been successfully challenged in court. These states are Texas, Massachusetts, Maryland, North Carolina, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, and Tennessee.", "title": "Separation of church and state in the United States" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "President Bush had used his veto against the more comprehensive Civil Rights Act of 1990. He feared racial quotas would be imposed but later approved the 1991 version of the bill.", "title": "Civil Rights Act of 1991" } ]	What shifted attention from the controversy over the required service of the president who was the son of another president, who signed the Civil Rights Act of 1991?	a segment on 60 Minutes	[ "60 Minutes" ]	Title: Age requirements in gymnastics Passage: In the latter half of the 20th century, a series of controversies arose with regard to gymnast ages, some of them leading to sanctions by FIG, and paving the way for the age requirements to be raised from 14 to 15 in 1981, and then to 16 in 1997. Title: Separation of church and state in the United States Passage: The "religious test" clause has been interpreted to cover both elected officials and appointed ones, career civil servants as well as political appointees. Religious beliefs or the lack of them have therefore not been permissible tests or qualifications with regard to federal employees since the ratification of the Constitution. Seven states, however, have language included in their Bill of Rights, Declaration of Rights, or in the body of their constitutions that require state office-holders to have particular religious beliefs, though some of these have been successfully challenged in court. These states are Texas, Massachusetts, Maryland, North Carolina, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, and Tennessee. Title: Arcadie Passage: "Revue Arcadie" remained in continuous publication until 1982 when the laws regarding homosexual conduct were changed to be identical with those relating to heterosexual behavior. Its emphasis on "dignity" and "respectability" led the "Revue Arcadie" to be increasingly out-of-step with the more revolutionary gay political organizations demanding civil rights for gay men and lesbians in France. Upon seeing that the review's message was no longer effective in creating social change and seeing more progressive organizations securing rights for homosexuals, the editors decided to cease publication. Title: Henry Spira Passage: Henry Spira (19 June 1927 – 12 September 1998) was a Belgian-American animal rights advocate, regarded by some as one of the most effective animal advocates of the 20th century. Title: René Dosière Passage: Born in Origny-Sainte-Benoite, Dosière is best known for his many questions to the government regarding the expenses of the services of the French presidency. Title: Old-Age Pensions Act 1908 Passage: The Old - Age Pensions Act 1908 is an Act of Parliament of the United Kingdom, passed in 1908. The Act is often regarded as one of the foundations of modern social welfare in the United Kingdom and forms part of the wider social welfare reforms of the Liberal Government of 1906 -- 1914. Title: Say Yes (Chage and Aska song) Passage: "Say Yes" is a Japanese single by Chage and Aska, released by Pony Canyon on July 24, 1991. The song was used as a theme of the Japanese television drama "101 kaime no Propose". It was regarded as a wedding song. Title: Civil Rights Act of 1964 Passage: The Civil Rights Act of 1964 (Pub. L. 88 -- 352, 78 Stat. 241, enacted July 2, 1964) is a landmark civil rights and US labor law in the United States that outlaws discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex or national origin. It prohibited unequal application of voter registration requirements, racial segregation in schools, employment, and public accommodations. Title: Prince Jack Passage: Prince Jack is a 1985 film from Castle Hill Productions which dramatizes some of the inner workings of the Kennedy administration, including efforts by Attorney General Robert F. Kennedy to address the issues arising from the Civil Rights Movement. Although primarily a dramatic narrative, "Prince Jack" also uses satire and black humor, especially with regard to the Kennedy brothers' complicated relationship with Lyndon B. Johnson. Title: Voting Rights Act of 1965 Passage: The Voting Rights Act of 1965 is a landmark piece of federal legislation in the United States that prohibits racial discrimination in voting. It was signed into law by President Lyndon B. Johnson during the height of the Civil Rights Movement on August 6, 1965, and Congress later amended the Act five times to expand its protections. Designed to enforce the voting rights guaranteed by the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Amendments to the United States Constitution, the Act secured the right to vote for racial minorities throughout the country, especially in the South. According to the U.S. Department of Justice, the Act is considered to be the most effective piece of federal civil rights legislation ever enacted in the country. Title: United Nations Security Council Resolution 727 Passage: United Nations Security Council resolution 727, adopted unanimously on 8 January 1992, after reaffirming resolutions 713 (1991), 721 (1991), 724 (1991) and considering a report by the Secretary-General Boutros Boutros-Ghali, the Council welcomed the recent signing of an agreement in Sarajevo regarding a ceasefire to the conflicts in the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. Title: Pendleton Civil Service Reform Act Passage: The Pendleton Civil Service Reform Act (ch. 27, 22 Stat. 403) is a United States federal law, enacted in 1883, which established that positions within the federal government should be awarded on the basis of merit instead of political affiliation. The act provided selection of government employees by competitive exams, rather than ties to politicians or political affiliation. It also made it illegal to fire or demote government officials for political reasons and prohibited soliciting campaign donations on Federal government property. To enforce the merit system and the judicial system, the law also created the United States Civil Service Commission. This board would be in charge of determining the rules and regulations of the act. The Act also allowed for the president, by executive order to decide which positions could be subject to the act and which would not. A crucial result was the shift of the parties to reliance on funding from business, since they could no longer depend on patronage hopefuls. Title: Mexico City Passage: The economic reforms of President Carlos Salinas de Gortari had a tremendous effect on the city, as a number of businesses, including banks and airlines, were privatized. He also signed the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA). This led to decentralization and a shift in Mexico City's economic base, from manufacturing to services, as most factories moved away to either the State of Mexico, or more commonly to the northern border. By contrast, corporate office buildings set their base in the city. Title: Selective Service Act of 1917 Passage: The Selective Service Act or Selective Draft Act (Pub. L. 65 -- 12, 40 Stat. 76, enacted May 18, 1917) authorized the United States federal government to raise a national army for service in World War I through conscription. It was envisioned in December 1916 and brought to President Woodrow Wilson's attention shortly after the break in relations with Germany in February 1917. The Act itself was drafted by then - Captain (later Brigadier General) Hugh S. Johnson after the United States entered World War I by declaring war on Germany. The Act was canceled with the end of the war on November, 1918. The Act was upheld as constitutional by the United States Supreme Court in 1918. Title: Dwight D. Eisenhower Passage: Eisenhower told District of Columbia officials to make Washington a model for the rest of the country in integrating black and white public school children. He proposed to Congress the Civil Rights Act of 1957 and of 1960 and signed those acts into law. The 1957 act for the first time established a permanent civil rights office inside the Justice Department and a Civil Rights Commission to hear testimony about abuses of voting rights. Although both acts were much weaker than subsequent civil rights legislation, they constituted the first significant civil rights acts since 1875. Title: Civil Rights Act of 1991 Passage: President Bush had used his veto against the more comprehensive Civil Rights Act of 1990. He feared racial quotas would be imposed but later approved the 1991 version of the bill. Title: Society (play) Passage: Society was an 1865 comedy drama by Thomas William Robertson regarded as a milestone in Victorian drama because of its realism in sets, costume, acting and dialogue. Unusually for that time, Robertson both wrote and directed the play, and his innovative writing and stage direction inspired George Bernard Shaw and W. S. Gilbert. Title: Broadcasting Act (1991) Passage: The Broadcasting Act (long title: "An Act respecting broadcasting and to amend certain Acts in relation thereto and in relation to radiocommunication") is an Act of the Parliament of Canada regarding broadcasting of radiocommunications. Title: 2004 United States presidential election Passage: During August and September 2004, there was an intense focus on events that occurred in the late 1960s and early 1970s. Bush was accused of failing to fulfill his required service in the Texas Air National Guard. However, the focus quickly shifted to the conduct of CBS News after they aired a segment on 60 Minutes Wednesday introducing what became known as the Killian documents. Serious doubts about the documents' authenticity quickly emerged, leading CBS to appoint a review panel that eventually resulted in the firing of the news producer and other significant staffing changes. Title: Civil Rights Act of 1991 Passage: The 1991 Act combined elements from two different civil right acts of the past: the Civil Rights Act of 1866, better known by the number assigned to it in the codification of federal laws as Section 1981, and the employment - related provisions of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, generally referred to as Title VII. The two statutes, passed nearly a century apart, approached the issue of employment discrimination very differently: Section 1981 prohibited only discrimination based on race or color, but Title VII also prohibited discrimination on the basis of sex, religion, and national origin. Section 1981, which had lain dormant and unenforced for a century after its passage, allowed plaintiffs to seek compensatory damages and trial by jury. Title VII, passed in the 1960s when it was assumed that Southern juries could not render a fair verdict, allowed only trial by the court and provided for only traditional equitable remedies: back pay, reinstatement, and injunctions against future acts of discrimination. By the time the 1991 Act was passed, both allowed for an award of attorneys fees.	[ "2004 United States presidential election", "Civil Rights Act of 1991" ]
2hop__72779_731379	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Bogotá (/ ˈboʊɡətɑː /, / ˌbɒɡəˈtɑː /, / ˌboʊ - /; Spanish pronunciation: (boɣoˈta) (listen)), officially Bogotá, Distrito Capital, abbreviated Bogotá, D.C., and formerly known as Santafé de Bogotá between 1991 and 2000, is the capital and largest city of Colombia, administered as the Capital District, although often thought of as part of Cundinamarca. Bogotá is a territorial entity of the first order, with the same administrative status as the departments of Colombia. It is the political, economic, administrative, industrial, artistic, cultural, and sports center of the country.", "title": "Bogotá" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Deer High School (DHS) is an accredited comprehensive public high school located in Deer, Arkansas, United States. DHS provides secondary education for approximately 95 students in grades 7 through 12. It is one of four public high schools in Newton County and one of two high schools administered by the Deer/Mount Judea School District.", "title": "Deer High School" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Artemis was one of the most widely venerated of the Ancient Greek deities and her temple at Ephesus was one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World. Artemis' symbols included a bow and arrow, a quiver and hunting knives and the deer and the cypress were sacred to her. The goddess Diana is her Roman equivalent.", "title": "Artemis" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Trummer is an uninhabited island in the River Fergus in County Clare located between Deer Island and Coney Island, Ireland.", "title": "Trummer" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Biysky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-nine in Altai Krai, Russia. It is located in the east of the krai and borders with Zonalny, Tselinny, Soltonsky, Krasnogorsky, Sovetsky, and Smolensky Districts, as well as with the territory of the City of Biysk. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Biysk (which is not administratively a part of the district). District's population:", "title": "Biysky District" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Khabarovsky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the seventeen in Khabarovsk Krai, Russia. It consists of two unconnected segments separated by the territory of Amursky District, which are located in the southwest of the krai. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Khabarovsk (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population:", "title": "Khabarovsky District" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Hall is a hamlet (and census-designated place) in Ontario County, New York, United States, near the city of Geneva, along State Route 14A in the Town of Seneca. Located in the Finger Lakes region, Hall has a fire department and a post office with a downtown zip code of 14463, though the urbanized area extends beyond this. Hall also has various agricultural enterprises, including a John Deere tractor dealer, a seed production company (Seedway), and a fertilizer company (Hall Fertilizer Corp.). Seedway, a subsidiary of Growmark, serves the entire Northeast and is headquartered in Hall.", "title": "Hall, New York" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Jordsand was a small Danish hallig located in the Wadden Sea southeast of the Danish island Rømø and east of the German island Sylt. The island was first known by the name \"Hiortsand\" ('deer island') and was possibly connected to both the mainland and the island of Sylt. The old name refers to the presence of deer on the island.", "title": "Jordsand" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Peirce Geodetic Monument is a marker honoring the late American philosopher Charles Sanders Peirce (pronounced \"purse\"). It is located on Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) campus in downtown Indianapolis, Indiana, and was installed by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration and the U.S. National Geodetic Survey.", "title": "Peirce Geodetic Monument" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Deer Crossing is an unincorporated community in Fresno County, California. It is located southeast of Dunlap, at an elevation of 3150 feet (960 m).", "title": "Deer Crossing, California" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Hindu scriptures describe hunting as an acceptable occupation, as well as a sport of the kingly. Even figures considered godly are described to have engaged in hunting. One of the names of the god Shiva is Mrigavyadha, which translates as \"the deer hunter\" (mriga means deer; vyadha means hunter). The word Mriga, in many Indian languages including Malayalam, not only stands for deer, but for all animals and animal instincts (Mriga Thrishna). Shiva, as Mrigavyadha, is the one who destroys the animal instincts in human beings. In the epic Ramayana, Dasharatha, the father of Rama, is said to have the ability to hunt in the dark. During one of his hunting expeditions, he accidentally killed Shravana, mistaking him for game. During Rama's exile in the forest, Ravana kidnapped his wife, Sita, from their hut, while Rama was asked by Sita to capture a golden deer, and his brother Lakshman went after him. According to the Mahabharat, Pandu, the father of the Pandavas, accidentally killed the sage Kindama and his wife with an arrow, mistaking them for a deer. Krishna is said to have died after being accidentally wounded by an arrow of a hunter.", "title": "Hunting" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Vilnius County () is the largest of the 10 counties of Lithuania, located in the east of the country around the city Vilnius. On 1 July 2010, the county administration was abolished, and since that date, Vilnius County remains as the territorial and statistical unit.", "title": "Vilnius County" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "As of August 23, 2016, the film had begun principal photography in Cincinnati, filming at The Christ Hospital. It was also shot in the Hyde Park and Northside neighborhoods. The school scenes in the film were shot at Roger Bacon High School.", "title": "The Killing of a Sacred Deer" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Deer Creek is a census-designated place in Gila County in the state of Arizona. Deer Creek is located almost directly between the community of Tonto Basin and the town of Payson near Arizona State Route 87. The population as of the 2010 U.S. Census was 216.", "title": "Deer Creek, Arizona" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Killing a Deer or A Deer Hunt - The Kill (\"L'Hallali du cerf\" in French), is a very large picture (355 by 505 cm), representing a hunting scene, painted in 1867 by Gustave Courbet. The picture is currently on display in the Musée d'Orsay of Paris.", "title": "Killing a Deer" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Upper Deer Lake is an alpine lake in Custer County, Idaho, United States, located in the Boulder Mountains in Sawtooth National Recreation Area. While no trails lead to the lake, it is most easily accessed from trails 111 or 215. It is located just south and upstream of Lower Deer Lake.", "title": "Upper Deer Lake" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In 1949, the Territory and the Territory of New Guinea were established in an administrative union by the name of the Territory of Papua and New Guinea. That administrative union was renamed as Papua New Guinea in 1971. Notwithstanding that it was part of an administrative union, the Territory of Papua at all times retained a distinct legal status and identity; it was a Possession of the Crown whereas the Territory of New Guinea was initially a League of Nations mandate territory and subsequently a United Nations trust territory. This important legal and political distinction remained until the advent of the Independent State of Papua New Guinea in 1975.", "title": "Territory of Papua" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Deer Plain is an unincorporated community in Calhoun County, Illinois, United States. Deer Plain is located in southeastern Calhoun County near the confluence of the Illinois and Mississippi rivers. It was named Deer Plain because it was common to see deer grazing in the area.", "title": "Deer Plain, Illinois" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Cincinnatian Hotel is a registered historic building in Downtown Cincinnati, Ohio, listed in the National Register on March 3, 1980.", "title": "Cincinnatian Hotel" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Church of the Sacred Heart of Jesus is a Roman Catholic parish church, located in Hell's Kitchen/Clinton, Manhattan, New York City. Founded in 1876, it is a parish of the Archdiocese of New York and is located at 457 West 51st Street. Sacred Heart of Jesus School is located at 456 West 52nd Street. Since 2009, the pastor has been the Rev. Gabriel Piedrahita.", "title": "Church of the Sacred Heart of Jesus (New York City)" } ]	What state is the Killing of a Sacred Deer filmed?	Ohio	[ "OH" ]	Title: Hunting Passage: Hindu scriptures describe hunting as an acceptable occupation, as well as a sport of the kingly. Even figures considered godly are described to have engaged in hunting. One of the names of the god Shiva is Mrigavyadha, which translates as "the deer hunter" (mriga means deer; vyadha means hunter). The word Mriga, in many Indian languages including Malayalam, not only stands for deer, but for all animals and animal instincts (Mriga Thrishna). Shiva, as Mrigavyadha, is the one who destroys the animal instincts in human beings. In the epic Ramayana, Dasharatha, the father of Rama, is said to have the ability to hunt in the dark. During one of his hunting expeditions, he accidentally killed Shravana, mistaking him for game. During Rama's exile in the forest, Ravana kidnapped his wife, Sita, from their hut, while Rama was asked by Sita to capture a golden deer, and his brother Lakshman went after him. According to the Mahabharat, Pandu, the father of the Pandavas, accidentally killed the sage Kindama and his wife with an arrow, mistaking them for a deer. Krishna is said to have died after being accidentally wounded by an arrow of a hunter. Title: Biysky District Passage: Biysky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-nine in Altai Krai, Russia. It is located in the east of the krai and borders with Zonalny, Tselinny, Soltonsky, Krasnogorsky, Sovetsky, and Smolensky Districts, as well as with the territory of the City of Biysk. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Biysk (which is not administratively a part of the district). District's population: Title: Killing a Deer Passage: Killing a Deer or A Deer Hunt - The Kill ("L'Hallali du cerf" in French), is a very large picture (355 by 505 cm), representing a hunting scene, painted in 1867 by Gustave Courbet. The picture is currently on display in the Musée d'Orsay of Paris. Title: Hall, New York Passage: Hall is a hamlet (and census-designated place) in Ontario County, New York, United States, near the city of Geneva, along State Route 14A in the Town of Seneca. Located in the Finger Lakes region, Hall has a fire department and a post office with a downtown zip code of 14463, though the urbanized area extends beyond this. Hall also has various agricultural enterprises, including a John Deere tractor dealer, a seed production company (Seedway), and a fertilizer company (Hall Fertilizer Corp.). Seedway, a subsidiary of Growmark, serves the entire Northeast and is headquartered in Hall. Title: Peirce Geodetic Monument Passage: The Peirce Geodetic Monument is a marker honoring the late American philosopher Charles Sanders Peirce (pronounced "purse"). It is located on Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) campus in downtown Indianapolis, Indiana, and was installed by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration and the U.S. National Geodetic Survey. Title: Upper Deer Lake Passage: Upper Deer Lake is an alpine lake in Custer County, Idaho, United States, located in the Boulder Mountains in Sawtooth National Recreation Area. While no trails lead to the lake, it is most easily accessed from trails 111 or 215. It is located just south and upstream of Lower Deer Lake. Title: Deer Crossing, California Passage: Deer Crossing is an unincorporated community in Fresno County, California. It is located southeast of Dunlap, at an elevation of 3150 feet (960 m). Title: Deer Plain, Illinois Passage: Deer Plain is an unincorporated community in Calhoun County, Illinois, United States. Deer Plain is located in southeastern Calhoun County near the confluence of the Illinois and Mississippi rivers. It was named Deer Plain because it was common to see deer grazing in the area. Title: Church of the Sacred Heart of Jesus (New York City) Passage: The Church of the Sacred Heart of Jesus is a Roman Catholic parish church, located in Hell's Kitchen/Clinton, Manhattan, New York City. Founded in 1876, it is a parish of the Archdiocese of New York and is located at 457 West 51st Street. Sacred Heart of Jesus School is located at 456 West 52nd Street. Since 2009, the pastor has been the Rev. Gabriel Piedrahita. Title: Deer High School Passage: Deer High School (DHS) is an accredited comprehensive public high school located in Deer, Arkansas, United States. DHS provides secondary education for approximately 95 students in grades 7 through 12. It is one of four public high schools in Newton County and one of two high schools administered by the Deer/Mount Judea School District. Title: Deer Creek, Arizona Passage: Deer Creek is a census-designated place in Gila County in the state of Arizona. Deer Creek is located almost directly between the community of Tonto Basin and the town of Payson near Arizona State Route 87. The population as of the 2010 U.S. Census was 216. Title: Vilnius County Passage: Vilnius County () is the largest of the 10 counties of Lithuania, located in the east of the country around the city Vilnius. On 1 July 2010, the county administration was abolished, and since that date, Vilnius County remains as the territorial and statistical unit. Title: Bogotá Passage: Bogotá (/ ˈboʊɡətɑː /, / ˌbɒɡəˈtɑː /, / ˌboʊ - /; Spanish pronunciation: (boɣoˈta) (listen)), officially Bogotá, Distrito Capital, abbreviated Bogotá, D.C., and formerly known as Santafé de Bogotá between 1991 and 2000, is the capital and largest city of Colombia, administered as the Capital District, although often thought of as part of Cundinamarca. Bogotá is a territorial entity of the first order, with the same administrative status as the departments of Colombia. It is the political, economic, administrative, industrial, artistic, cultural, and sports center of the country. Title: Cincinnatian Hotel Passage: The Cincinnatian Hotel is a registered historic building in Downtown Cincinnati, Ohio, listed in the National Register on March 3, 1980. Title: Trummer Passage: Trummer is an uninhabited island in the River Fergus in County Clare located between Deer Island and Coney Island, Ireland. Title: Jordsand Passage: Jordsand was a small Danish hallig located in the Wadden Sea southeast of the Danish island Rømø and east of the German island Sylt. The island was first known by the name "Hiortsand" ('deer island') and was possibly connected to both the mainland and the island of Sylt. The old name refers to the presence of deer on the island. Title: Artemis Passage: Artemis was one of the most widely venerated of the Ancient Greek deities and her temple at Ephesus was one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World. Artemis' symbols included a bow and arrow, a quiver and hunting knives and the deer and the cypress were sacred to her. The goddess Diana is her Roman equivalent. Title: The Killing of a Sacred Deer Passage: As of August 23, 2016, the film had begun principal photography in Cincinnati, filming at The Christ Hospital. It was also shot in the Hyde Park and Northside neighborhoods. The school scenes in the film were shot at Roger Bacon High School. Title: Khabarovsky District Passage: Khabarovsky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the seventeen in Khabarovsk Krai, Russia. It consists of two unconnected segments separated by the territory of Amursky District, which are located in the southwest of the krai. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Khabarovsk (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population: Title: Territory of Papua Passage: In 1949, the Territory and the Territory of New Guinea were established in an administrative union by the name of the Territory of Papua and New Guinea. That administrative union was renamed as Papua New Guinea in 1971. Notwithstanding that it was part of an administrative union, the Territory of Papua at all times retained a distinct legal status and identity; it was a Possession of the Crown whereas the Territory of New Guinea was initially a League of Nations mandate territory and subsequently a United Nations trust territory. This important legal and political distinction remained until the advent of the Independent State of Papua New Guinea in 1975.	[ "The Killing of a Sacred Deer", "Cincinnatian Hotel" ]
2hop__812498_135703	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The name \"\" was taken from the Niger River running through the country. This name was coined in the late 19th century by British journalist Flora Shaw, who later married Lord Lugard, a British colonial administrator. The origin of the name \"Niger\", which originally applied only to the middle reaches of the Niger River, is uncertain. The word is likely an alteration of the Tuareg name \"egerew n-igerewen\" used by inhabitants along the middle reaches of the river around Timbuktu prior to 19th-century European colonialism.", "title": "Nigeria" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Hotel Galvez is a historic hotel located in Galveston, Texas, United States that opened in 1911. The building was named the Galvez, honoring Bernardo de Gálvez, 1st Viscount of Galveston, for whom the city was named. The building was added to the National Register of Historic Places on April 4, 1979.", "title": "Hotel Galvez" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "653 Berenike is a main-belt asteroid discovered on November 27, 1907, by Joel Hastings Metcalf at Taunton, Massachusetts. It is named after Berenice II of Egypt, after whom the constellation Coma Berenices is also named.", "title": "653 Berenike" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": ", better known by her pen name is a Japanese manga artist. She is married to fellow manga artist Tatsuneko, from whom he took the name of . She is a graduate of Mita Senior High School, Tokyo. She currently lives in Setagaya, Tokyo with her husband and daughter.", "title": "Yun Kōga" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The ceiling is that of the Sistine Chapel, the large papal chapel built within the Vatican between 1477 and 1480 by Pope Sixtus IV, for whom the chapel is named. It was painted at the commission of Pope Julius II. The chapel is the location for papal conclaves and many other important services.", "title": "Sistine Chapel ceiling" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "ISO 3166-1 is part of the ISO 3166 standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), and defines codes for the names of countries, dependent territories, and special areas of geographical interest. The official name of the standard is \"Codes for the representation of names of countries and their subdivisions – Part 1: Country codes\". It defines three sets of country codes:", "title": "ISO 3166-1" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Frank Burr Mallory (1862–1941) was an American pathologist at the Boston City Hospital and Professor of Pathology at Harvard Medical School, after whom the Mallory body is named.", "title": "Frank Burr Mallory" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "John Francis Sheehan (1910–1942) was a United States Navy sailor killed in action during World War II for whom a destroyer escort was named during the war.", "title": "John Francis Sheehan" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "William M. Hobby (1899–1942), was a United States Navy officer killed in action during World War II for whom a U.S. Navy ship was named.", "title": "William M. Hobby" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Osmund Holm-Hansen (also known as Oz Holm-Hansen) is a Norwegian-born American scientist, for whom Mount Holm-Hansen, in Antarctica is named. A plant physiologist by training, from 1962 Holm-Hansen was the head of polar research at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography.", "title": "Osmund Holm-Hansen" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``Drinkin 'Problem ''is the debut single of the American country music band Midland. It was released on July 27 2017, as the first single from their debut album On the Rocks. The band members wrote the song with Josh Osborne and Shane McAnally, the latter of whom also produced it.", "title": "Drinkin' Problem" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Left Grouping of the Valencian Country (in Catalan: \"Agrupament d'Esquerra del País Valencià\") was a political group created in 1982 out of a nationalist splinter-group of the Communist Party of the Valencian Country (PCPV), the 'possibilist' sector of the Socialist Party of National Liberation of the Catalan Countries (PSAN) and independent leftwing nationalists. AEPV was registered as a political party. Soon after its foundation AEPV initiated cooperation with the Nationalist Party of the Valencian Country (PNPV) and the Left Unity of the Valencian Country (UEPV), with whom AEPV founded the coalition Valencian People's Union (UPV).", "title": "Left Grouping of the Valencian Country" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Alma Grace McDonough Health and Recreation Center is a 2,200 seat multipurpose arena and recreation facility on the campus of Wheeling Jesuit University in Wheeling, West Virginia. The building was constructed thanks to a gift from Alma Grace McDonough, whom the building is named after.", "title": "Alma Grace McDonough Health and Recreation Center" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Lake Pontchartrain is named for Louis Phélypeaux, comte de Pontchartrain. He was the French Minister of the Marine, Chancellor, and Controller-General of Finances during the reign of France's \"Sun King\", Louis XIV, for whom the colony of \"La Louisiane\" was named.", "title": "Lake Pontchartrain" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Hireling Shepherd (1851) is a painting by the Pre-Raphaelite artist William Holman Hunt. It represents a shepherd neglecting his flock in favour of an attractive country girl to whom he shows a death's-head hawkmoth. The meaning of the image has been much debated.", "title": "The Hireling Shepherd" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Hildi district is located in Adamawa state in northern Nigeria. Mararaba Mubi is located within the Hildi region. Traditionally, Hildi is also known as a mountainous area. Hildi tribes speaks the Margi language. Margi Hildi is one of the largest Margi-speaking groups of people around the mountains.", "title": "Hildi" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The quick German victory over the French stunned neutral observers, many of whom had expected a French victory and most of whom had expected a long war. The strategic advantages possessed by the Germans were not appreciated outside Germany until after hostilities had ceased. Other countries quickly discerned the advantages given to the Germans by their military system, and adopted many of their innovations, particularly the General Staff, universal conscription and highly detailed mobilization systems.", "title": "Franco-Prussian War" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Bud Collyer was the show's host (Mike Wallace hosted the pilot); recurring panelists by the 1960s included Tom Poston, Peggy Cass, Orson Bean, and Kitty Carlisle. (Cass and Carlisle stayed on as panelists for most subsequent editions.) Earlier regular panelists had included Johnny Carson, Polly Bergen, Jayne Meadows, Don Ameche, Hy Gardner, Dick Van Dyke, Faye Emerson, Hildy Parks, John Cameron Swayze, Betty White, and Ralph Bellamy. Bern Bennett, Collyer's announcer on Beat the Clock, was the inaugural announcer of To Tell the Truth in the 1950s. Upon Bennett's transfer to CBS's Los Angeles studios, Johnny Olson, who in time became the best - known of all Goodson -- Todman Productions announcers, joined the show in 1960 and remained through the end of its CBS runs.", "title": "To Tell the Truth" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "ISO 3166 is a standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) that defines codes for the names of countries, dependent territories, special areas of geographical interest, and their principal subdivisions (e.g., provinces or states). The official name of the standard is Codes for the representation of names of countries and their subdivisions.", "title": "ISO 3166" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Camp Connor was a Union Army outpost established May 23, 1863 by Captain David Black, 3rd Regiment California Volunteer Infantry, by order of Brigadier General Patrick Edward Connor commander of the District of Utah, Department of the Pacific for whom the post was named.", "title": "Camp Connor" } ]	What was the country where Hildi district is located named after?	Niger River	[]	Title: John Francis Sheehan Passage: John Francis Sheehan (1910–1942) was a United States Navy sailor killed in action during World War II for whom a destroyer escort was named during the war. Title: Left Grouping of the Valencian Country Passage: Left Grouping of the Valencian Country (in Catalan: "Agrupament d'Esquerra del País Valencià") was a political group created in 1982 out of a nationalist splinter-group of the Communist Party of the Valencian Country (PCPV), the 'possibilist' sector of the Socialist Party of National Liberation of the Catalan Countries (PSAN) and independent leftwing nationalists. AEPV was registered as a political party. Soon after its foundation AEPV initiated cooperation with the Nationalist Party of the Valencian Country (PNPV) and the Left Unity of the Valencian Country (UEPV), with whom AEPV founded the coalition Valencian People's Union (UPV). Title: Nigeria Passage: The name "" was taken from the Niger River running through the country. This name was coined in the late 19th century by British journalist Flora Shaw, who later married Lord Lugard, a British colonial administrator. The origin of the name "Niger", which originally applied only to the middle reaches of the Niger River, is uncertain. The word is likely an alteration of the Tuareg name "egerew n-igerewen" used by inhabitants along the middle reaches of the river around Timbuktu prior to 19th-century European colonialism. Title: Frank Burr Mallory Passage: Frank Burr Mallory (1862–1941) was an American pathologist at the Boston City Hospital and Professor of Pathology at Harvard Medical School, after whom the Mallory body is named. Title: Yun Kōga Passage: , better known by her pen name is a Japanese manga artist. She is married to fellow manga artist Tatsuneko, from whom he took the name of . She is a graduate of Mita Senior High School, Tokyo. She currently lives in Setagaya, Tokyo with her husband and daughter. Title: To Tell the Truth Passage: Bud Collyer was the show's host (Mike Wallace hosted the pilot); recurring panelists by the 1960s included Tom Poston, Peggy Cass, Orson Bean, and Kitty Carlisle. (Cass and Carlisle stayed on as panelists for most subsequent editions.) Earlier regular panelists had included Johnny Carson, Polly Bergen, Jayne Meadows, Don Ameche, Hy Gardner, Dick Van Dyke, Faye Emerson, Hildy Parks, John Cameron Swayze, Betty White, and Ralph Bellamy. Bern Bennett, Collyer's announcer on Beat the Clock, was the inaugural announcer of To Tell the Truth in the 1950s. Upon Bennett's transfer to CBS's Los Angeles studios, Johnny Olson, who in time became the best - known of all Goodson -- Todman Productions announcers, joined the show in 1960 and remained through the end of its CBS runs. Title: William M. Hobby Passage: William M. Hobby (1899–1942), was a United States Navy officer killed in action during World War II for whom a U.S. Navy ship was named. Title: Sistine Chapel ceiling Passage: The ceiling is that of the Sistine Chapel, the large papal chapel built within the Vatican between 1477 and 1480 by Pope Sixtus IV, for whom the chapel is named. It was painted at the commission of Pope Julius II. The chapel is the location for papal conclaves and many other important services. Title: Osmund Holm-Hansen Passage: Osmund Holm-Hansen (also known as Oz Holm-Hansen) is a Norwegian-born American scientist, for whom Mount Holm-Hansen, in Antarctica is named. A plant physiologist by training, from 1962 Holm-Hansen was the head of polar research at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography. Title: Hotel Galvez Passage: The Hotel Galvez is a historic hotel located in Galveston, Texas, United States that opened in 1911. The building was named the Galvez, honoring Bernardo de Gálvez, 1st Viscount of Galveston, for whom the city was named. The building was added to the National Register of Historic Places on April 4, 1979. Title: Franco-Prussian War Passage: The quick German victory over the French stunned neutral observers, many of whom had expected a French victory and most of whom had expected a long war. The strategic advantages possessed by the Germans were not appreciated outside Germany until after hostilities had ceased. Other countries quickly discerned the advantages given to the Germans by their military system, and adopted many of their innovations, particularly the General Staff, universal conscription and highly detailed mobilization systems. Title: 653 Berenike Passage: 653 Berenike is a main-belt asteroid discovered on November 27, 1907, by Joel Hastings Metcalf at Taunton, Massachusetts. It is named after Berenice II of Egypt, after whom the constellation Coma Berenices is also named. Title: ISO 3166-1 Passage: ISO 3166-1 is part of the ISO 3166 standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), and defines codes for the names of countries, dependent territories, and special areas of geographical interest. The official name of the standard is "Codes for the representation of names of countries and their subdivisions – Part 1: Country codes". It defines three sets of country codes: Title: Drinkin' Problem Passage: ``Drinkin 'Problem ''is the debut single of the American country music band Midland. It was released on July 27 2017, as the first single from their debut album On the Rocks. The band members wrote the song with Josh Osborne and Shane McAnally, the latter of whom also produced it. Title: Hildi Passage: Hildi district is located in Adamawa state in northern Nigeria. Mararaba Mubi is located within the Hildi region. Traditionally, Hildi is also known as a mountainous area. Hildi tribes speaks the Margi language. Margi Hildi is one of the largest Margi-speaking groups of people around the mountains. Title: ISO 3166 Passage: ISO 3166 is a standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) that defines codes for the names of countries, dependent territories, special areas of geographical interest, and their principal subdivisions (e.g., provinces or states). The official name of the standard is Codes for the representation of names of countries and their subdivisions. Title: Alma Grace McDonough Health and Recreation Center Passage: The Alma Grace McDonough Health and Recreation Center is a 2,200 seat multipurpose arena and recreation facility on the campus of Wheeling Jesuit University in Wheeling, West Virginia. The building was constructed thanks to a gift from Alma Grace McDonough, whom the building is named after. Title: Lake Pontchartrain Passage: Lake Pontchartrain is named for Louis Phélypeaux, comte de Pontchartrain. He was the French Minister of the Marine, Chancellor, and Controller-General of Finances during the reign of France's "Sun King", Louis XIV, for whom the colony of "La Louisiane" was named. Title: The Hireling Shepherd Passage: The Hireling Shepherd (1851) is a painting by the Pre-Raphaelite artist William Holman Hunt. It represents a shepherd neglecting his flock in favour of an attractive country girl to whom he shows a death's-head hawkmoth. The meaning of the image has been much debated. Title: Camp Connor Passage: Camp Connor was a Union Army outpost established May 23, 1863 by Captain David Black, 3rd Regiment California Volunteer Infantry, by order of Brigadier General Patrick Edward Connor commander of the District of Utah, Department of the Pacific for whom the post was named.	[ "Nigeria", "Hildi" ]
2hop__129323_85808	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The 1954 Masters Tournament was the 18th Masters Tournament, held April 8–12 at Augusta National Golf Club in Augusta, Georgia. Sam Snead defeated defending champion Ben Hogan by one stroke in an 18-hole Monday playoff to win his third Masters tournament. It was Snead's seventh and final major victory.", "title": "1954 Masters Tournament" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Josiah Kirby House is a historic residence in the city of Wyoming, Ohio, United States. Erected in the late nineteenth century, it was originally the home of a prominent Cincinnati-area businessman and politician, and it has been designated a historic site.", "title": "Josiah Kirby House" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The 2009 Championship League was a professional non-ranking snooker tournament that was played from 5 January to 26 March 2009 at the Crondon Park Golf Club in Stock, England.", "title": "2009 Championship League" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The 1996 Masters Tournament was the 60th Masters Tournament, held April 11–14 at Augusta National Golf Club in Augusta, Georgia.", "title": "1996 Masters Tournament" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Karolyn Kirby (born June 30, 1961 in Brookline, Massachusetts) is a retired female beach volleyball player from the United States. She won the bronze medal at the 1997 World Championships in Los Angeles, California, partnering Nancy Reno. The pair also won the tournament at the 1992 Olympics, at which beach volleyball was a demonstration sport.", "title": "Karolyn Kirby" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Yellowstone Club, also Yellowstone Ski Resort, is a private residential club, ski resort, and golf resort located in the state of Montana, USA. The Rocky Mountain ski and golf club is located in eastern Madison County, just west of Big Sky, Montana, south of Bozeman and northwest of Yellowstone National Park.", "title": "Yellowstone Club" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Danny Joe Pohl (born April 1, 1955) is an American professional golfer who has played on the PGA Tour and the Champions Tour. He won two PGA Tour tournaments (the 1986 Colonial and the 1986 World Series of Golf at Firestone Country Club) and tied Craig Stadler for first place in the 1982 Masters Tournament before losing in a playoff. Pohl competed for his country as a member of the 1987 Ryder Cup team at Muirfield Village Golf Club.", "title": "Dan Pohl" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Augusta National Golf Club, located in Augusta, Georgia, is one of the most famous golf clubs in the world. Founded by Bobby Jones and Clifford Roberts on the site of the former Fruitland (later Fruitlands) Nursery, the course was designed by Jones and Alister MacKenzie and opened for play in January 1933. Since 1934, it has played host to the annual Masters Tournament, one of the four major championships in professional golf, and the only major played each year at the same course. It was the top - ranked course in Golf Digest's 2009 list of America's 100 greatest courses and was the number ten - ranked course based on course architecture on Golfweek Magazine's 2011 list of best classic courses in the United States.", "title": "Augusta National Golf Club" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The 1936 Masters Tournament was the third Masters Tournament, held April 3–6 at Augusta National Golf Club in Augusta, Georgia.", "title": "1936 Masters Tournament" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Edwin Hunter (March 25, 1874 – March 30, 1935) was an American golf and tennis player. He competed in the individual golf event and the men's doubles tennis tournament at the 1904 Summer Olympics.", "title": "Edwin Hunter (sportsman)" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Zack Milkovich is a former member of the Ohio House of Representatives, serving the Thirty-Fifth District from 2011 to 2014 and representing the City of Barberton and portions of Akron, Ohio. He is the current city councilman for Akron's 10th Ward, and also owns a private real estate investment group.", "title": "Zack Milkovich" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The 1989 Masters Tournament was the 53rd Masters Tournament, held April 6–9 at Augusta National Golf Club in Augusta, Georgia.", "title": "1989 Masters Tournament" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The 2012 WGC-HSBC Champions was a golf tournament played 1–4 November 2012 at the Olazabal Course of Mission Hills Golf Club in Shenzhen, China. It was the fourth WGC-HSBC Champions tournament, and the fourth of four World Golf Championships events held in 2012. The event was won by Ryder Cup star Ian Poulter who shot consecutive rounds of 65 (−7) on the weekend and broke the tournament scoring record with 267 (−21) for his second WGC win. Two strokes back were runners-up Jason Dufner, Ernie Els, Phil Mickelson, and Scott Piercy.", "title": "2012 WGC-HSBC Champions" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Masters Tournament Tournament information Location Augusta, Georgia, U.S. Established March 22, 1934; 84 years ago (1934 - 03 - 22) Course (s) Augusta National Golf Club Par 72 Length 7,435 yards (6,799 m) Organized by Augusta National Golf Club Tour (s) PGA Tour European Tour Japan Golf Tour Format Stroke play Prize fund $11.0 million Month played April Tournament record score Aggregate 270 Tiger Woods (1997) 270 Jordan Spieth (2015) To par − 18 as above Current champion Patrick Reed 2018 Masters Tournament", "title": "Masters Tournament" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "This is intended to be a complete list of the properties and districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Akron, Ohio, United States. Latitude and longitude coordinates are provided for many National Register properties and districts; these locations may be seen together in an online map.", "title": "National Register of Historic Places listings in Akron, Ohio" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "NES Open Tournament Golf, known in Japan as , is a 1991 sports game developed and published by Nintendo for the Nintendo Entertainment System. \"NES Open Tournament Golf\" is the second Nintendo published golf-based video game released for the NES, the first game being \"Golf\". In addition to the Famicom version of \"Golf\", there were two other Nintendo published golf-based video games released in Japan. These games were released in disk format on the Family Computer Disk System in 1987. These two games were \"Family Computer Golf: Japan Course\" and \"Family Computer Golf: U.S. Course\".", "title": "NES Open Tournament Golf" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Keiser was born and raised in Springfield, Missouri. Like most professional golfers of his generation, he earned a living primarily as a club professional. His first job was as the assistant golf professional at Portage Country Club in Akron, Ohio. He eventually became head professional at Firestone Country Club in Akron, Ohio. Keiser's serious demeanor earned him the nickname, \"The Missouri Mortician\", among his fellow golfers.", "title": "Herman Keiser" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Canal Park is a baseball stadium located in Akron, Ohio, United States, that is the home of the Akron RubberDucks of the Eastern League. The team is a double-A minor-league affiliate of the Cleveland Indians. Opened in 1997, the stadium was designed by Populous, the same architectural firm that designed the Indians' Jacobs Field, which opened three years earlier. The stadium takes its name from its location adjacent to the Ohio and Erie Canal, which runs behind the left-field wall.", "title": "Canal Park (Akron, Ohio)" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The 2018 WGC - Bridgestone Invitational was a professional golf tournament held August 2 -- 5 on the South Course of Firestone Country Club in Akron, Ohio. It was the 20th WGC - Bridgestone Invitational tournament, and the third of the World Golf Championships events in 2018.", "title": "2018 WGC-Bridgestone Invitational" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Penn State Golf Courses are two 18-hole courses located in State College, Pennsylvania, USA, operated by The Pennsylvania State University. The individual 18-hole courses are named after the school colors (blue and white). They, along with their practice facilities, are the home of the men's and women's golf team and all intramural golf activities of the university. The practice facilities include a double-sided driving range with both natural grass and artificial teeing areas, and several putting greens located throughout the facility.", "title": "Penn State Golf Courses" } ]	When is the golf tournament in Akron in the state Josiah Kirby House is located?	August 2 -- 5	[]	Title: Yellowstone Club Passage: The Yellowstone Club, also Yellowstone Ski Resort, is a private residential club, ski resort, and golf resort located in the state of Montana, USA. The Rocky Mountain ski and golf club is located in eastern Madison County, just west of Big Sky, Montana, south of Bozeman and northwest of Yellowstone National Park. Title: 2018 WGC-Bridgestone Invitational Passage: The 2018 WGC - Bridgestone Invitational was a professional golf tournament held August 2 -- 5 on the South Course of Firestone Country Club in Akron, Ohio. It was the 20th WGC - Bridgestone Invitational tournament, and the third of the World Golf Championships events in 2018. Title: NES Open Tournament Golf Passage: NES Open Tournament Golf, known in Japan as , is a 1991 sports game developed and published by Nintendo for the Nintendo Entertainment System. "NES Open Tournament Golf" is the second Nintendo published golf-based video game released for the NES, the first game being "Golf". In addition to the Famicom version of "Golf", there were two other Nintendo published golf-based video games released in Japan. These games were released in disk format on the Family Computer Disk System in 1987. These two games were "Family Computer Golf: Japan Course" and "Family Computer Golf: U.S. Course". Title: 1954 Masters Tournament Passage: The 1954 Masters Tournament was the 18th Masters Tournament, held April 8–12 at Augusta National Golf Club in Augusta, Georgia. Sam Snead defeated defending champion Ben Hogan by one stroke in an 18-hole Monday playoff to win his third Masters tournament. It was Snead's seventh and final major victory. Title: Augusta National Golf Club Passage: Augusta National Golf Club, located in Augusta, Georgia, is one of the most famous golf clubs in the world. Founded by Bobby Jones and Clifford Roberts on the site of the former Fruitland (later Fruitlands) Nursery, the course was designed by Jones and Alister MacKenzie and opened for play in January 1933. Since 1934, it has played host to the annual Masters Tournament, one of the four major championships in professional golf, and the only major played each year at the same course. It was the top - ranked course in Golf Digest's 2009 list of America's 100 greatest courses and was the number ten - ranked course based on course architecture on Golfweek Magazine's 2011 list of best classic courses in the United States. Title: 1996 Masters Tournament Passage: The 1996 Masters Tournament was the 60th Masters Tournament, held April 11–14 at Augusta National Golf Club in Augusta, Georgia. Title: Edwin Hunter (sportsman) Passage: Edwin Hunter (March 25, 1874 – March 30, 1935) was an American golf and tennis player. He competed in the individual golf event and the men's doubles tennis tournament at the 1904 Summer Olympics. Title: National Register of Historic Places listings in Akron, Ohio Passage: This is intended to be a complete list of the properties and districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Akron, Ohio, United States. Latitude and longitude coordinates are provided for many National Register properties and districts; these locations may be seen together in an online map. Title: Karolyn Kirby Passage: Karolyn Kirby (born June 30, 1961 in Brookline, Massachusetts) is a retired female beach volleyball player from the United States. She won the bronze medal at the 1997 World Championships in Los Angeles, California, partnering Nancy Reno. The pair also won the tournament at the 1992 Olympics, at which beach volleyball was a demonstration sport. Title: 2012 WGC-HSBC Champions Passage: The 2012 WGC-HSBC Champions was a golf tournament played 1–4 November 2012 at the Olazabal Course of Mission Hills Golf Club in Shenzhen, China. It was the fourth WGC-HSBC Champions tournament, and the fourth of four World Golf Championships events held in 2012. The event was won by Ryder Cup star Ian Poulter who shot consecutive rounds of 65 (−7) on the weekend and broke the tournament scoring record with 267 (−21) for his second WGC win. Two strokes back were runners-up Jason Dufner, Ernie Els, Phil Mickelson, and Scott Piercy. Title: Zack Milkovich Passage: Zack Milkovich is a former member of the Ohio House of Representatives, serving the Thirty-Fifth District from 2011 to 2014 and representing the City of Barberton and portions of Akron, Ohio. He is the current city councilman for Akron's 10th Ward, and also owns a private real estate investment group. Title: Josiah Kirby House Passage: The Josiah Kirby House is a historic residence in the city of Wyoming, Ohio, United States. Erected in the late nineteenth century, it was originally the home of a prominent Cincinnati-area businessman and politician, and it has been designated a historic site. Title: Dan Pohl Passage: Danny Joe Pohl (born April 1, 1955) is an American professional golfer who has played on the PGA Tour and the Champions Tour. He won two PGA Tour tournaments (the 1986 Colonial and the 1986 World Series of Golf at Firestone Country Club) and tied Craig Stadler for first place in the 1982 Masters Tournament before losing in a playoff. Pohl competed for his country as a member of the 1987 Ryder Cup team at Muirfield Village Golf Club. Title: Penn State Golf Courses Passage: The Penn State Golf Courses are two 18-hole courses located in State College, Pennsylvania, USA, operated by The Pennsylvania State University. The individual 18-hole courses are named after the school colors (blue and white). They, along with their practice facilities, are the home of the men's and women's golf team and all intramural golf activities of the university. The practice facilities include a double-sided driving range with both natural grass and artificial teeing areas, and several putting greens located throughout the facility. Title: Masters Tournament Passage: Masters Tournament Tournament information Location Augusta, Georgia, U.S. Established March 22, 1934; 84 years ago (1934 - 03 - 22) Course (s) Augusta National Golf Club Par 72 Length 7,435 yards (6,799 m) Organized by Augusta National Golf Club Tour (s) PGA Tour European Tour Japan Golf Tour Format Stroke play Prize fund $11.0 million Month played April Tournament record score Aggregate 270 Tiger Woods (1997) 270 Jordan Spieth (2015) To par − 18 as above Current champion Patrick Reed 2018 Masters Tournament Title: 2009 Championship League Passage: The 2009 Championship League was a professional non-ranking snooker tournament that was played from 5 January to 26 March 2009 at the Crondon Park Golf Club in Stock, England. Title: Herman Keiser Passage: Keiser was born and raised in Springfield, Missouri. Like most professional golfers of his generation, he earned a living primarily as a club professional. His first job was as the assistant golf professional at Portage Country Club in Akron, Ohio. He eventually became head professional at Firestone Country Club in Akron, Ohio. Keiser's serious demeanor earned him the nickname, "The Missouri Mortician", among his fellow golfers. Title: Canal Park (Akron, Ohio) Passage: Canal Park is a baseball stadium located in Akron, Ohio, United States, that is the home of the Akron RubberDucks of the Eastern League. The team is a double-A minor-league affiliate of the Cleveland Indians. Opened in 1997, the stadium was designed by Populous, the same architectural firm that designed the Indians' Jacobs Field, which opened three years earlier. The stadium takes its name from its location adjacent to the Ohio and Erie Canal, which runs behind the left-field wall. Title: 1936 Masters Tournament Passage: The 1936 Masters Tournament was the third Masters Tournament, held April 3–6 at Augusta National Golf Club in Augusta, Georgia. Title: 1989 Masters Tournament Passage: The 1989 Masters Tournament was the 53rd Masters Tournament, held April 6–9 at Augusta National Golf Club in Augusta, Georgia.	[ "Josiah Kirby House", "2018 WGC-Bridgestone Invitational" ]
2hop__101700_36414	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Andrey Reinhardtovich Sigle (; born 15 May 1964, Gorky, USSR) is a Russian film producer, film music composer, and musician.", "title": "Andrey Sigle" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The East Slavs are Slavic peoples speaking the East Slavic languages. Formerly the main population of the loose medieval Kievan Rus federation state , by the seventeenth century they evolved into the Belarusian, Russian, Rusyn and Ukrainian people.", "title": "East Slavs" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "It is the third language of South Africa in terms of native speakers (~13.5%), of whom 53 percent are Coloureds and 42.4 percent Whites. In 1996, 40 percent of South Africans reported to know Afrikaans at least at a very basic level of communication. It is the lingua franca in Namibia, where it is spoken natively in 11 percent of households. In total, Afrikaans is the first language in South Africa alone of about 6.8 million people and is estimated to be a second language for at least 10 million people worldwide, compared to over 23 million and 5 million respectively, for Dutch.", "title": "Dutch language" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The region of modern Eastern Europe and Central Eurasia (Russia, Ukraine and other countries of the ex-USSR) have a long history of Christianity and Christian communities on its lands. In ancient times, in the first centuries after the birth of Christ, when this region was called[by whom?] Scythia - Christians already lived there. Later the region saw the first states to adopt Christianity officially - initially in Armenia (301 AD) and in Georgia (337 AD), later in the Great Russian Principality (Kyivan Rus, Russian: Великое княжество Русское, ca 988 AD). People of that time used to denote themselves Christians (христиане, крестьяне) and Russians (русские). Both terms had strong Christian connotations.[citation needed] It is also interesting that in time the term \"крестьяне\" acquired the meaning \"peasants of Christian faith\" and later \"peasants\" (the main part of the population of the region), while the term \"христиане\" retained its religious meaning and the term \"русские\" began to mean representatives of the heterogeneous Russian nation formed on the basis of common Christian faith and language,[citation needed] which strongly influenced the history and development of the region. In the region the \"Pravoslav faith\" (православная вера - Orthodox faith) or \"Russian faith\" (русская вера) from earliest times became almost as known as the original \"Christian faith\" (христианская, крестьянская вера). Also in some contexts the term \"cossack\" (козак, казак - free man by the will of God) was used[by whom?] to denote \"free\" Christians of steppe origin and Russian language.", "title": "Christian" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Alexander Feliksovich Gavrilov (Алекса́ндр Фе́ликсович Гаври́лов, born 3 December 1970 in Moscow) is a Russian literary critic and editor. He was editor-in-chief of the Книжное обозрение \"Book Review\" from 2000 to 2010.", "title": "Alexander F. Gavrilov" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Andrey Klimov (born July 26, 1982 in Klimovsk, Russia) is a Russian professional boxer in the Lightweight division and is the current National Russian Lightweight Champion.", "title": "Andrey Klimov" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"The Black Monk\" () is a short story by Anton Chekhov, written in 1893 while Chekhov was living in the village of Melikhovo. It was first published in 1894 in \"The Artist\", one of the leading Russian magazines on theater and music in the last quarter of the 19th century. The story tells of the last two tragic years in the life of a fictitious scholar, Andrey Vasilyevich Kovrin.", "title": "The Black Monk" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In the 20th century, Russian was mandatorily taught in the schools of the members of the old Warsaw Pact and in other countries that used to be satellites of the USSR. In particular, these countries include Poland, Bulgaria, the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Hungary, Albania, former East Germany and Cuba. However, younger generations are usually not fluent in it, because Russian is no longer mandatory in the school system. According to the Eurobarometer 2005 survey, though, fluency in Russian remains fairly high (20–40%) in some countries, in particular those where the people speak a Slavic language and thereby have an edge in learning Russian (namely, Poland, Czech Republic, Slovakia, and Bulgaria).", "title": "Russian language" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Andrei Sakharov Freedom Award, officially known as the Sakharov Freedom Award and named after Soviet scientist and dissident Andrei Sakharov, was established in 1980 by the Norwegian Helsinki Committee with the support and consent of Andrei Sakharov himself, to help people that because of their opinions, beliefs and conscience are persecuted or imprisoned.", "title": "Andrei Sakharov Freedom Award" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "In Kazakhstan Russian is not a state language, but according to article 7 of the Constitution of Kazakhstan its usage enjoys equal status to that of the Kazakh language in state and local administration. According to estimates from Demoskop Weekly, in 2004 there were 4,200,000 native speakers of Russian in the country, and 10 million active speakers. 63% of the population was fluent in Russian in 2006, and 46% used it as the main language with family, friends or at work. According to a 2001 estimate from the World Factbook, 95% of the population can speak Russian. Large Russian-speaking communities still exist in northern Kazakhstan, and ethnic Russians comprise 25.6% of Kazakhstan's population. The 2009 census reported that 10,309,500 people, or 84.8% of the population aged 15 and above, could read and write well in Russian, as well as understand the spoken language.", "title": "Russian language" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Andrei Antanasovich Kanchelskis (Ukrainian: Андрій Антанасович Канчельскіс; Russian: Андрей Антанасович Канчельскис; born 23 January 1969) is a Russian professional football manager and a former player.", "title": "Andrei Kanchelskis" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Andrey Gavrilov (; born May 4, 1974) is a retired male butterfly swimmer from Kazakhstan. He competed in two consecutive Summer Olympics for his native country, starting in 1996 (Atlanta, Georgia). His best Olympic result was finishing in 15th place at the 1996 Summer Olympics in the Men's 4 × 100 m Medley Relay event.", "title": "Andrey Gavrilov" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Native American name controversy is an ongoing dispute over the acceptable ways to refer to the indigenous peoples of the Americas and to broad subsets thereof, such as those living in a specific country or sharing certain cultural attributes. When discussing broader subsets of peoples, naming may be based on shared language, region, or historical relationship. Many English exonyms have been used to refer to the indigenous peoples of the Americas. Some of these names were based on foreign-language terms used by earlier explorers and colonists, while others resulted from the colonists' attempt to translate endonyms from the native language into their own, and yet others were pejorative terms arising out of prejudice and fear, during periods of conflict.", "title": "Indigenous peoples of the Americas" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "According to a 2014 estimate by the Organisation internationale de la Francophonie, 274 million people worldwide can speak French, of which 212 million use the language daily, while the remaining 62 million have learnt it as a foreign language. Despite a decline in the number of learners of French in Europe, the overall number of speakers is rising, largely because of its presence in high - fertility African countries: of the 212 million who use French daily, 54.7% are living in Africa.", "title": "Geographical distribution of French speakers" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Andrei Shepelenko is a Russian professional ice hockey forward who currently plays for Avtomobilist Yekaterinburg of the Kontinental Hockey League (KHL).", "title": "Andrei Shepelenko" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "According to figures published in 2006 in the journal \"Demoskop Weekly\" research deputy director of Research Center for Sociological Research of the Ministry of Education and Science (Russia) Arefyev A. L., the Russian language is gradually losing its position in the world in general, and in Russia in particular. In 2012, A. L. Arefyev published a new study \"Russian language at the turn of the 20th-21st centuries\", in which he confirmed his conclusion about the trend of further weakening of the Russian language in all regions of the world (findings published in 2013 in the journal \"Demoskop Weekly\"). In the countries of the former Soviet Union the Russian language is gradually being replaced by local languages. Currently the number speakers of Russian language in the world depends on the number of Russians in the world (as the main sources distribution Russian language) and total population Russia (where Russian is an official language).", "title": "Russian language" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In Ukraine, Russian is seen as a language of inter-ethnic communication, and a minority language, under the 1996 Constitution of Ukraine. According to estimates from Demoskop Weekly, in 2004 there were 14,400,000 native speakers of Russian in the country, and 29 million active speakers. 65% of the population was fluent in Russian in 2006, and 38% used it as the main language with family, friends or at work. Russian is spoken by 29.6% of the population according to a 2001 estimate from the World Factbook. 20% of school students receive their education primarily in Russian.", "title": "Russian language" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Andrey Aleksandrovich Korolev (; 1944, Bern – 1999, Moscow) was a Soviet and Russian philologist, PhD, a scholar in Indo-European and Oriental studies. His main works concerned Celtic and Hittite and other languages of Asia Minor.", "title": "Andrey Korolev" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Mikhail Gavrilov (April 9, 1893, Saint Petersburg, Russian Empire - April 4, 1954), professor, religious writer, historian, teacher, Russian Catholic apostolate in exile, member of the a parishioner of the Greek Catholic Church of the Annunciation in Brussels after of Parish of Holy Trinity in Paris, author and fellow publishers of the newspapers \"Life with God\" and \"East Christian Center\" and member of Russian apostolate in the Diaspora. Gavrilov's works broadcast transmissions to the world and the light of life looked out on the waves of the Monte Carlo.", "title": "Mikhail Gavrilov" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "English is the official language in the state of Montana, as it is in many U.S. states. English is also the language of the majority. According to the 2000 U.S. Census, 94.8 percent of the population aged 5 and older speak English at home. Spanish is the language most commonly spoken at home other than English. There were about 13,040 Spanish-language speakers in the state (1.4 percent of the population) in 2011. There were also 15,438 (1.7 percent of the state population) speakers of Indo-European languages other than English or Spanish, 10,154 (1.1 percent) speakers of a Native American language, and 4,052 (0.4 percent) speakers of an Asian or Pacific Islander language. Other languages spoken in Montana (as of 2013) include Assiniboine (about 150 speakers in the Montana and Canada), Blackfoot (about 100 speakers), Cheyenne (about 1,700 speakers), Plains Cree (about 100 speakers), Crow (about 3,000 speakers), Dakota (about 18,800 speakers in Minnesota, Montana, Nebraska, North Dakota, and South Dakota), German Hutterite (about 5,600 speakers), Gros Ventre (about 10 speakers), Kalispel-Pend d'Oreille (about 64 speakers), Kutenai (about 6 speakers), and Lakota (about 6,000 speakers in Minnesota, Montana, Nebraska, North Dakota, South Dakota). The United States Department of Education estimated in 2009 that 5,274 students in Montana spoke a language at home other than English. These included a Native American language (64 percent), German (4 percent), Spanish (3 percent), Russian (1 percent), and Chinese (less than 0.5 percent).", "title": "Montana" } ]	What percent of people in the country where Andrey Gavrilov lives use Russian as their main language?	46%	[]	Title: Alexander F. Gavrilov Passage: Alexander Feliksovich Gavrilov (Алекса́ндр Фе́ликсович Гаври́лов, born 3 December 1970 in Moscow) is a Russian literary critic and editor. He was editor-in-chief of the Книжное обозрение "Book Review" from 2000 to 2010. Title: Mikhail Gavrilov Passage: Mikhail Gavrilov (April 9, 1893, Saint Petersburg, Russian Empire - April 4, 1954), professor, religious writer, historian, teacher, Russian Catholic apostolate in exile, member of the a parishioner of the Greek Catholic Church of the Annunciation in Brussels after of Parish of Holy Trinity in Paris, author and fellow publishers of the newspapers "Life with God" and "East Christian Center" and member of Russian apostolate in the Diaspora. Gavrilov's works broadcast transmissions to the world and the light of life looked out on the waves of the Monte Carlo. Title: Andrei Shepelenko Passage: Andrei Shepelenko is a Russian professional ice hockey forward who currently plays for Avtomobilist Yekaterinburg of the Kontinental Hockey League (KHL). Title: Russian language Passage: In the 20th century, Russian was mandatorily taught in the schools of the members of the old Warsaw Pact and in other countries that used to be satellites of the USSR. In particular, these countries include Poland, Bulgaria, the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Hungary, Albania, former East Germany and Cuba. However, younger generations are usually not fluent in it, because Russian is no longer mandatory in the school system. According to the Eurobarometer 2005 survey, though, fluency in Russian remains fairly high (20–40%) in some countries, in particular those where the people speak a Slavic language and thereby have an edge in learning Russian (namely, Poland, Czech Republic, Slovakia, and Bulgaria). Title: Andrei Sakharov Freedom Award Passage: The Andrei Sakharov Freedom Award, officially known as the Sakharov Freedom Award and named after Soviet scientist and dissident Andrei Sakharov, was established in 1980 by the Norwegian Helsinki Committee with the support and consent of Andrei Sakharov himself, to help people that because of their opinions, beliefs and conscience are persecuted or imprisoned. Title: Russian language Passage: In Ukraine, Russian is seen as a language of inter-ethnic communication, and a minority language, under the 1996 Constitution of Ukraine. According to estimates from Demoskop Weekly, in 2004 there were 14,400,000 native speakers of Russian in the country, and 29 million active speakers. 65% of the population was fluent in Russian in 2006, and 38% used it as the main language with family, friends or at work. Russian is spoken by 29.6% of the population according to a 2001 estimate from the World Factbook. 20% of school students receive their education primarily in Russian. Title: Geographical distribution of French speakers Passage: According to a 2014 estimate by the Organisation internationale de la Francophonie, 274 million people worldwide can speak French, of which 212 million use the language daily, while the remaining 62 million have learnt it as a foreign language. Despite a decline in the number of learners of French in Europe, the overall number of speakers is rising, largely because of its presence in high - fertility African countries: of the 212 million who use French daily, 54.7% are living in Africa. Title: Andrey Klimov Passage: Andrey Klimov (born July 26, 1982 in Klimovsk, Russia) is a Russian professional boxer in the Lightweight division and is the current National Russian Lightweight Champion. Title: Andrey Sigle Passage: Andrey Reinhardtovich Sigle (; born 15 May 1964, Gorky, USSR) is a Russian film producer, film music composer, and musician. Title: Dutch language Passage: It is the third language of South Africa in terms of native speakers (~13.5%), of whom 53 percent are Coloureds and 42.4 percent Whites. In 1996, 40 percent of South Africans reported to know Afrikaans at least at a very basic level of communication. It is the lingua franca in Namibia, where it is spoken natively in 11 percent of households. In total, Afrikaans is the first language in South Africa alone of about 6.8 million people and is estimated to be a second language for at least 10 million people worldwide, compared to over 23 million and 5 million respectively, for Dutch. Title: Andrey Korolev Passage: Andrey Aleksandrovich Korolev (; 1944, Bern – 1999, Moscow) was a Soviet and Russian philologist, PhD, a scholar in Indo-European and Oriental studies. His main works concerned Celtic and Hittite and other languages of Asia Minor. Title: East Slavs Passage: The East Slavs are Slavic peoples speaking the East Slavic languages. Formerly the main population of the loose medieval Kievan Rus federation state , by the seventeenth century they evolved into the Belarusian, Russian, Rusyn and Ukrainian people. Title: Russian language Passage: According to figures published in 2006 in the journal "Demoskop Weekly" research deputy director of Research Center for Sociological Research of the Ministry of Education and Science (Russia) Arefyev A. L., the Russian language is gradually losing its position in the world in general, and in Russia in particular. In 2012, A. L. Arefyev published a new study "Russian language at the turn of the 20th-21st centuries", in which he confirmed his conclusion about the trend of further weakening of the Russian language in all regions of the world (findings published in 2013 in the journal "Demoskop Weekly"). In the countries of the former Soviet Union the Russian language is gradually being replaced by local languages. Currently the number speakers of Russian language in the world depends on the number of Russians in the world (as the main sources distribution Russian language) and total population Russia (where Russian is an official language). Title: Russian language Passage: In Kazakhstan Russian is not a state language, but according to article 7 of the Constitution of Kazakhstan its usage enjoys equal status to that of the Kazakh language in state and local administration. According to estimates from Demoskop Weekly, in 2004 there were 4,200,000 native speakers of Russian in the country, and 10 million active speakers. 63% of the population was fluent in Russian in 2006, and 46% used it as the main language with family, friends or at work. According to a 2001 estimate from the World Factbook, 95% of the population can speak Russian. Large Russian-speaking communities still exist in northern Kazakhstan, and ethnic Russians comprise 25.6% of Kazakhstan's population. The 2009 census reported that 10,309,500 people, or 84.8% of the population aged 15 and above, could read and write well in Russian, as well as understand the spoken language. Title: The Black Monk Passage: "The Black Monk" () is a short story by Anton Chekhov, written in 1893 while Chekhov was living in the village of Melikhovo. It was first published in 1894 in "The Artist", one of the leading Russian magazines on theater and music in the last quarter of the 19th century. The story tells of the last two tragic years in the life of a fictitious scholar, Andrey Vasilyevich Kovrin. Title: Montana Passage: English is the official language in the state of Montana, as it is in many U.S. states. English is also the language of the majority. According to the 2000 U.S. Census, 94.8 percent of the population aged 5 and older speak English at home. Spanish is the language most commonly spoken at home other than English. There were about 13,040 Spanish-language speakers in the state (1.4 percent of the population) in 2011. There were also 15,438 (1.7 percent of the state population) speakers of Indo-European languages other than English or Spanish, 10,154 (1.1 percent) speakers of a Native American language, and 4,052 (0.4 percent) speakers of an Asian or Pacific Islander language. Other languages spoken in Montana (as of 2013) include Assiniboine (about 150 speakers in the Montana and Canada), Blackfoot (about 100 speakers), Cheyenne (about 1,700 speakers), Plains Cree (about 100 speakers), Crow (about 3,000 speakers), Dakota (about 18,800 speakers in Minnesota, Montana, Nebraska, North Dakota, and South Dakota), German Hutterite (about 5,600 speakers), Gros Ventre (about 10 speakers), Kalispel-Pend d'Oreille (about 64 speakers), Kutenai (about 6 speakers), and Lakota (about 6,000 speakers in Minnesota, Montana, Nebraska, North Dakota, South Dakota). The United States Department of Education estimated in 2009 that 5,274 students in Montana spoke a language at home other than English. These included a Native American language (64 percent), German (4 percent), Spanish (3 percent), Russian (1 percent), and Chinese (less than 0.5 percent). Title: Indigenous peoples of the Americas Passage: The Native American name controversy is an ongoing dispute over the acceptable ways to refer to the indigenous peoples of the Americas and to broad subsets thereof, such as those living in a specific country or sharing certain cultural attributes. When discussing broader subsets of peoples, naming may be based on shared language, region, or historical relationship. Many English exonyms have been used to refer to the indigenous peoples of the Americas. Some of these names were based on foreign-language terms used by earlier explorers and colonists, while others resulted from the colonists' attempt to translate endonyms from the native language into their own, and yet others were pejorative terms arising out of prejudice and fear, during periods of conflict. Title: Andrei Kanchelskis Passage: Andrei Antanasovich Kanchelskis (Ukrainian: Андрій Антанасович Канчельскіс; Russian: Андрей Антанасович Канчельскис; born 23 January 1969) is a Russian professional football manager and a former player. Title: Andrey Gavrilov Passage: Andrey Gavrilov (; born May 4, 1974) is a retired male butterfly swimmer from Kazakhstan. He competed in two consecutive Summer Olympics for his native country, starting in 1996 (Atlanta, Georgia). His best Olympic result was finishing in 15th place at the 1996 Summer Olympics in the Men's 4 × 100 m Medley Relay event. Title: Christian Passage: The region of modern Eastern Europe and Central Eurasia (Russia, Ukraine and other countries of the ex-USSR) have a long history of Christianity and Christian communities on its lands. In ancient times, in the first centuries after the birth of Christ, when this region was called[by whom?] Scythia - Christians already lived there. Later the region saw the first states to adopt Christianity officially - initially in Armenia (301 AD) and in Georgia (337 AD), later in the Great Russian Principality (Kyivan Rus, Russian: Великое княжество Русское, ca 988 AD). People of that time used to denote themselves Christians (христиане, крестьяне) and Russians (русские). Both terms had strong Christian connotations.[citation needed] It is also interesting that in time the term "крестьяне" acquired the meaning "peasants of Christian faith" and later "peasants" (the main part of the population of the region), while the term "христиане" retained its religious meaning and the term "русские" began to mean representatives of the heterogeneous Russian nation formed on the basis of common Christian faith and language,[citation needed] which strongly influenced the history and development of the region. In the region the "Pravoslav faith" (православная вера - Orthodox faith) or "Russian faith" (русская вера) from earliest times became almost as known as the original "Christian faith" (христианская, крестьянская вера). Also in some contexts the term "cossack" (козак, казак - free man by the will of God) was used[by whom?] to denote "free" Christians of steppe origin and Russian language.	[ "Russian language", "Andrey Gavrilov" ]
3hop1__852952_147364_537186	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Living Lahaina is an American reality television series on MTV. The series, filmed over a three-month period on location in Lahaina (on the island of Maui, Hawaii), focused on a group of twenty-something surf instructors and their father-figure-boss at the Royal Hawaiian Surf Academy. \"Living Lahaina\" also followed cast members throughout travels to Indonesia, California, and Kauai.", "title": "Living Lahaina" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Presidential Reunion is an American comedy Web short directed by Ron Howard and starring \"Saturday Night Live\" cast members who parodied Presidents Ford to Obama. The skit was released onto the Funny or Die website on March 3, 2010 and received mixed to negative reviews.", "title": "Presidential Reunion" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The seventh and final season of the American television drama series Scandal was ordered on February 10, 2017 by ABC. It was later announced that the seventh season will be the final season for Scandal. The season began airing on October 5, 2017, and will consist of 18 episodes, adding the total episode count of the show to 124 episodes. Cast member George Newbern was upgraded to a series regular after being a recurring cast member for the past six seasons. The season will be produced by ABC Studios, in association with ShondaLand Production Company; the showrunner being Shonda Rhimes.", "title": "Scandal (season 7)" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Darrell Clayton Hammond (born October 8, 1955) is an American actor, stand-up comedian and impressionist. He was a regular cast member on \"Saturday Night Live\" from 1995 to 2009.", "title": "Darrell Hammond" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "In July 1919, Duncan managed to bundle the dogs aboard a ship taking him back to the US at the end of the war. When he got to Long Island, New York, for re-entry processing, he put his dogs in the care of a Hempstead breeder named Mrs. Leo Wanner, who raised police dogs. Nanette was diagnosed with pneumonia; as a replacement, the breeder gave Duncan another female German Shepherd puppy. Duncan headed to California by rail with his dogs. While Duncan was traveling by train, Nanette died in Hempstead. As a memorial, Duncan named his new puppy Nanette II, but he called her Nanette. Duncan, Rin Tin Tin, and Nanette II settled at his home in Los Angeles. Rin Tin Tin was a dark sable color and had very dark eyes. Nanette II was much lighter in color.", "title": "Rin Tin Tin" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Crocodile Tears is the eighth novel in the \"Alex Rider\" series by British author Anthony Horowitz. It was released in the UK on 12 November 2009, published by Walker Books, and in the U.S. on 17 November 2009. On 17 December 2008, the title was revealed (in code) to be \"Crocodile Tears\". The book was succeeded by \"Scorpia Rising\", released in March 2011.", "title": "Crocodile Tears" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Conmen in Vegas is a 1999 Hong Kong action comedy film produced, written and directed by Wong Jing and is a sequel to the 1998 film, \"The Conman\". The film stars original returning cast members Andy Lau and Nick Cheung with new cast members Natalis Chan, Kelly Lin, Meggie Yu, Alex Man and Jewel Lee in her debut film role. The film was partially filmed in the Caesars Palace Resort, Las Vegas.", "title": "The Conmen in Vegas" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Living in South Ferriby, North Lincolnshire, Clark worked as a deputy headteacher. In 1982, she joined the Ecology Party, following concerns about nitrate levels in drinking water. At the 1989 European election, she stood in Humberside, taking 14% of the votes cast.", "title": "Jan Clark" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Dawn Cunningham is a fictional character from the British soap opera \"Hollyoaks\", played by Lisa Williamson. Williamson was cast as one of the original characters on \"Hollyoaks\" in 1995, and was the first member of the Cunningham family to arrive in the village, before the introduction of her family. However, she left in 1997 when the character died following a battle with leukemia.", "title": "Dawn Cunningham" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Crocodile Hunters is 1949 documentary directed by Lee Robinson about both aboriginal and professional crocodile hunters in the Northern Territory. The film has since been used as a study text for Australian secondary schools.", "title": "Crocodile Hunters" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Crocodile Dundee in Los Angeles (also known as Crocodile Dundee III) is a 2001 Australian-American action comedy film, directed by Simon Wincer and starring Paul Hogan. It is the sequel to \"Crocodile Dundee II\" (1988) and the third film of the \"Crocodile Dundee\" series. Hogan and Linda Kozlowski reprise their roles as Michael \"Crocodile\" Dundee and Sue Charlton, respectively. The film was shot on location in Los Angeles and in Queensland. Actor Paul Hogan reported that the inspiration for the storyline came during a tour of Litomyšl, Czech Republic in 1993.", "title": "Crocodile Dundee in Los Angeles" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Rough Waters is a 1930 all-talking adventure drama film that directed by John Daumery and starring Rin Tin Tin. The film was adapted by James A. Starr from a story by Lillie Hayward, and was the last Rin Tin Tin film produced by Warner Bros.", "title": "Rough Waters" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Glee\" executive producers Ryan Murphy and Dante Di Loreto executive produced for \"The Glee Project\". \"Glee\" casting director, Robert Ulrich, was casting director for the project, while \"Glee\" on-screen non-speaking accompanist, Brad Ellis, helping Ulrich coach 80 potential candidates as seen in the music segment of \"The Top 12\" special that led into the pilot episode of season 1.", "title": "The Glee Project" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "One Ocean View is an American primetime television reality show about eleven single New Yorkers looking for romance on Fire Island. It premiered on ABC and CTV on Monday, July 31, 2006. The show was similar to \"The Real World\", another series produced by Bunim/Murray Productions, though the cast was only together on weekends, spending their weekdays living their normal lives.", "title": "One Ocean View" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Lake Timsah, also known as Crocodile Lake, is a lake in Egypt on the Nile delta. It lies in a basin developed along a fault extending from the Mediterranean Sea to the Gulf of Suez through the Bitter Lakes region. In 1800, a flood filled the Wadi Tumilat, which caused Timsah's banks to overflow and moved water south into the Bitter Lakes about nine miles (14 km) away. In 1862, the lake was filled with waters from the Red Sea.", "title": "Lake Timsah" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Saturday Night Live (also known as SNL) is an American late-night live television variety show created by Lorne Michaels and developed by Dick Ebersol. The show premiered on NBC on October 11, 1975, under the original title NBC's Saturday Night. The show's comedy sketches, which often parody contemporary culture and politics, are performed by a large and varying cast of repertory and newer cast members. Each episode is hosted by a celebrity guest, who usually delivers the opening monologue and performs in sketches with the cast as with featured performances by a musical guest. An episode normally begins with a cold open sketch that ends with someone breaking character and proclaiming, \"Live from New York, it's Saturday Night!\", properly beginning the show.", "title": "Saturday Night Live" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Home Guard consisted of local volunteers otherwise ineligible for military service, either because of age (hence the title \"Dad's Army\") or by being in professions exempt from conscription. \"Dad's Army\" deals almost exclusively with men over military age, and featured older British actors, including Arthur Lowe, John Le Mesurier, Arnold Ridley and John Laurie. Younger members of the cast included Ian Lavender, Clive Dunn (who played the oldest guardsman, Lance Corporal Jones, despite being one of the youngest cast members), and James Beck (who died suddenly during production of the sixth series in 1973). Other regular cast members included Frank Williams as the vicar, and Bill Pertwee as the chief ARP warden.", "title": "Dad's Army" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Trematosaurinae is a subfamily of temnospondyl amphibians within the family Trematosauridae. Like all trematosaurids, they were marine piscivores, resembling crocodiles in their general build. Unlike the long, almost gharial-like snouts of the Lonchorhynchinae, the Trematosaurinae had more \"normal\" crocodile-like skulls.", "title": "Trematosaurinae" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Ottawa Rough Riders were a Canadian Football League team based in Ottawa, Ontario, founded in 1876. Formerly one of the oldest and longest lived professional sports teams in North America, the Rough Riders won the Grey Cup championship nine times. Their most dominant era was the 1960s and 1970s, a period in which they won five Grey Cups. The team's fortunes waned in the 1980s and 1990s and they ultimately ceased operations following the 1996 season. Five years later, a new CFL team known as the Ottawa Renegades was founded, though they suspended operations in 2006. The Ottawa Redblacks, who own the Rough Riders intellectual properties, joined the league in 2014.", "title": "Ottawa Rough Riders" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"The Crocodile\" (, \"Krokodil\") is a short story by Fyodor Dostoyevsky that was first published in 1865 in his magazine \"Epoch.", "title": "The Crocodile (short story)" } ]	Who produced the Crocodile Dundee film that took place in the city where the Rough Waters cast member lived when he died?	Paul Hogan	[]	Title: Presidential Reunion Passage: Presidential Reunion is an American comedy Web short directed by Ron Howard and starring "Saturday Night Live" cast members who parodied Presidents Ford to Obama. The skit was released onto the Funny or Die website on March 3, 2010 and received mixed to negative reviews. Title: The Crocodile (short story) Passage: "The Crocodile" (, "Krokodil") is a short story by Fyodor Dostoyevsky that was first published in 1865 in his magazine "Epoch. Title: Crocodile Tears Passage: Crocodile Tears is the eighth novel in the "Alex Rider" series by British author Anthony Horowitz. It was released in the UK on 12 November 2009, published by Walker Books, and in the U.S. on 17 November 2009. On 17 December 2008, the title was revealed (in code) to be "Crocodile Tears". The book was succeeded by "Scorpia Rising", released in March 2011. Title: Saturday Night Live Passage: Saturday Night Live (also known as SNL) is an American late-night live television variety show created by Lorne Michaels and developed by Dick Ebersol. The show premiered on NBC on October 11, 1975, under the original title NBC's Saturday Night. The show's comedy sketches, which often parody contemporary culture and politics, are performed by a large and varying cast of repertory and newer cast members. Each episode is hosted by a celebrity guest, who usually delivers the opening monologue and performs in sketches with the cast as with featured performances by a musical guest. An episode normally begins with a cold open sketch that ends with someone breaking character and proclaiming, "Live from New York, it's Saturday Night!", properly beginning the show. Title: Darrell Hammond Passage: Darrell Clayton Hammond (born October 8, 1955) is an American actor, stand-up comedian and impressionist. He was a regular cast member on "Saturday Night Live" from 1995 to 2009. Title: The Glee Project Passage: "Glee" executive producers Ryan Murphy and Dante Di Loreto executive produced for "The Glee Project". "Glee" casting director, Robert Ulrich, was casting director for the project, while "Glee" on-screen non-speaking accompanist, Brad Ellis, helping Ulrich coach 80 potential candidates as seen in the music segment of "The Top 12" special that led into the pilot episode of season 1. Title: Crocodile Dundee in Los Angeles Passage: Crocodile Dundee in Los Angeles (also known as Crocodile Dundee III) is a 2001 Australian-American action comedy film, directed by Simon Wincer and starring Paul Hogan. It is the sequel to "Crocodile Dundee II" (1988) and the third film of the "Crocodile Dundee" series. Hogan and Linda Kozlowski reprise their roles as Michael "Crocodile" Dundee and Sue Charlton, respectively. The film was shot on location in Los Angeles and in Queensland. Actor Paul Hogan reported that the inspiration for the storyline came during a tour of Litomyšl, Czech Republic in 1993. Title: Living Lahaina Passage: Living Lahaina is an American reality television series on MTV. The series, filmed over a three-month period on location in Lahaina (on the island of Maui, Hawaii), focused on a group of twenty-something surf instructors and their father-figure-boss at the Royal Hawaiian Surf Academy. "Living Lahaina" also followed cast members throughout travels to Indonesia, California, and Kauai. Title: Jan Clark Passage: Living in South Ferriby, North Lincolnshire, Clark worked as a deputy headteacher. In 1982, she joined the Ecology Party, following concerns about nitrate levels in drinking water. At the 1989 European election, she stood in Humberside, taking 14% of the votes cast. Title: Crocodile Hunters Passage: Crocodile Hunters is 1949 documentary directed by Lee Robinson about both aboriginal and professional crocodile hunters in the Northern Territory. The film has since been used as a study text for Australian secondary schools. Title: Trematosaurinae Passage: Trematosaurinae is a subfamily of temnospondyl amphibians within the family Trematosauridae. Like all trematosaurids, they were marine piscivores, resembling crocodiles in their general build. Unlike the long, almost gharial-like snouts of the Lonchorhynchinae, the Trematosaurinae had more "normal" crocodile-like skulls. Title: Lake Timsah Passage: Lake Timsah, also known as Crocodile Lake, is a lake in Egypt on the Nile delta. It lies in a basin developed along a fault extending from the Mediterranean Sea to the Gulf of Suez through the Bitter Lakes region. In 1800, a flood filled the Wadi Tumilat, which caused Timsah's banks to overflow and moved water south into the Bitter Lakes about nine miles (14 km) away. In 1862, the lake was filled with waters from the Red Sea. Title: Scandal (season 7) Passage: The seventh and final season of the American television drama series Scandal was ordered on February 10, 2017 by ABC. It was later announced that the seventh season will be the final season for Scandal. The season began airing on October 5, 2017, and will consist of 18 episodes, adding the total episode count of the show to 124 episodes. Cast member George Newbern was upgraded to a series regular after being a recurring cast member for the past six seasons. The season will be produced by ABC Studios, in association with ShondaLand Production Company; the showrunner being Shonda Rhimes. Title: Dawn Cunningham Passage: Dawn Cunningham is a fictional character from the British soap opera "Hollyoaks", played by Lisa Williamson. Williamson was cast as one of the original characters on "Hollyoaks" in 1995, and was the first member of the Cunningham family to arrive in the village, before the introduction of her family. However, she left in 1997 when the character died following a battle with leukemia. Title: Ottawa Rough Riders Passage: The Ottawa Rough Riders were a Canadian Football League team based in Ottawa, Ontario, founded in 1876. Formerly one of the oldest and longest lived professional sports teams in North America, the Rough Riders won the Grey Cup championship nine times. Their most dominant era was the 1960s and 1970s, a period in which they won five Grey Cups. The team's fortunes waned in the 1980s and 1990s and they ultimately ceased operations following the 1996 season. Five years later, a new CFL team known as the Ottawa Renegades was founded, though they suspended operations in 2006. The Ottawa Redblacks, who own the Rough Riders intellectual properties, joined the league in 2014. Title: One Ocean View Passage: One Ocean View is an American primetime television reality show about eleven single New Yorkers looking for romance on Fire Island. It premiered on ABC and CTV on Monday, July 31, 2006. The show was similar to "The Real World", another series produced by Bunim/Murray Productions, though the cast was only together on weekends, spending their weekdays living their normal lives. Title: The Conmen in Vegas Passage: The Conmen in Vegas is a 1999 Hong Kong action comedy film produced, written and directed by Wong Jing and is a sequel to the 1998 film, "The Conman". The film stars original returning cast members Andy Lau and Nick Cheung with new cast members Natalis Chan, Kelly Lin, Meggie Yu, Alex Man and Jewel Lee in her debut film role. The film was partially filmed in the Caesars Palace Resort, Las Vegas. Title: Rough Waters Passage: Rough Waters is a 1930 all-talking adventure drama film that directed by John Daumery and starring Rin Tin Tin. The film was adapted by James A. Starr from a story by Lillie Hayward, and was the last Rin Tin Tin film produced by Warner Bros. Title: Rin Tin Tin Passage: In July 1919, Duncan managed to bundle the dogs aboard a ship taking him back to the US at the end of the war. When he got to Long Island, New York, for re-entry processing, he put his dogs in the care of a Hempstead breeder named Mrs. Leo Wanner, who raised police dogs. Nanette was diagnosed with pneumonia; as a replacement, the breeder gave Duncan another female German Shepherd puppy. Duncan headed to California by rail with his dogs. While Duncan was traveling by train, Nanette died in Hempstead. As a memorial, Duncan named his new puppy Nanette II, but he called her Nanette. Duncan, Rin Tin Tin, and Nanette II settled at his home in Los Angeles. Rin Tin Tin was a dark sable color and had very dark eyes. Nanette II was much lighter in color. Title: Dad's Army Passage: The Home Guard consisted of local volunteers otherwise ineligible for military service, either because of age (hence the title "Dad's Army") or by being in professions exempt from conscription. "Dad's Army" deals almost exclusively with men over military age, and featured older British actors, including Arthur Lowe, John Le Mesurier, Arnold Ridley and John Laurie. Younger members of the cast included Ian Lavender, Clive Dunn (who played the oldest guardsman, Lance Corporal Jones, despite being one of the youngest cast members), and James Beck (who died suddenly during production of the sixth series in 1973). Other regular cast members included Frank Williams as the vicar, and Bill Pertwee as the chief ARP warden.	[ "Rin Tin Tin", "Crocodile Dundee in Los Angeles", "Rough Waters" ]
3hop1__450185_102686_88958	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Set in a cyberpunk - themed dystopian world in 2029, two years after the events of Human Revolution, Mankind Divided features the return of Adam Jensen from the previous game, Deus Ex: Human Revolution, with new technology and body augmentations.", "title": "Deus Ex: Mankind Divided" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Helena Dow (27 October 1917 – 22 April 1998) was an American fencer. She competed in the women's individual foil event at the 1948 Summer Olympics.", "title": "Helena Dow" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "On 7 November 1917, Bolshevik leader Vladimir Lenin led his leftist revolutionaries in a revolt against the ineffective Provisional Government (Russia was still using the Julian calendar at the time, so period references show a 25 October date). The October revolution ended the phase of the revolution instigated in February, replacing Russia's short - lived provisional parliamentary government with government by soviets, local councils elected by bodies of workers and peasants. Liberal and monarchist forces, loosely organized into the White Army, immediately went to war against the Bolsheviks' Red Army, in a series of battles that would become known as the Russian Civil War.", "title": "Russian Revolution" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Blanche of Anjou (1280 – 14 October 1310) was Queen of Aragon as the second spouse of King James II. She was a member of the Capetian House of Anjou, she is also known as \"Blanche of Naples\". She served as Regent or \"Queen-Lieutenant\" of Aragon during the absence of her spouse in 1310.", "title": "Blanche of Anjou" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The RSFSR was established on November 7, 1917 (October Revolution) as a sovereign state. The first Constitution was adopted in 1918. In 1922 the Russian SFSR signed the Treaty on the Creation of the USSR.", "title": "Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Under the leadership of Vladimir Lenin, the Bolsheviks established the Soviet state on 7 November [O.S. 25 October] 1917, immediately after the Russian Provisional Government, which governed the Russian Republic, was overthrown during the October Revolution. Initially, the state did not have an official name and wasn't recognized by neighboring countries for five months. Meanwhile, anti-Bolsheviks coined the mocking label \"Sovdepia\" for the nascent state of the \"Soviets of Workers' and Peasants' Deputies\".", "title": "Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The February Revolution (March 1917) was a revolution focused around Petrograd (now Saint Petersburg), the capital of Russia at that time. In the chaos, members of the Imperial parliament (the Duma) assumed control of the country, forming the Russian Provisional Government which was heavily dominated by the interests of large capitalists and the noble aristocracy. The army leadership felt they did not have the means to suppress the revolution, resulting in Nicholas's abdication. The soviets, which were dominated by soldiers and the urban industrial working class, initially permitted the Provisional Government to rule, but insisted on a prerogative to influence the government and control various militias. The February Revolution took place in the context of heavy military setbacks during the First World War (1914 -- 18), which left much of the Russian Army in a state of mutiny.", "title": "Russian Revolution" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The British - led Egyptian Expeditionary Force, commanded by Edmund Allenby, captured Jerusalem on 9 December 1917 and occupied the whole of the Levant following the defeat of Turkish forces in Palestine at the Battle of Megiddo in September 1918 and the capitulation of Turkey on 31 October. Allenby famously dismounted from his horse when he entered Jerusalem as a mark of respect for the Holy City and was greeted by the Christian, Jewish, and Islamic leaders of the city.", "title": "History of Palestine" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "However, tea and tea taxes became a bone of contention between the American Colonies and Great Britain. This led to the 1773 Boston Tea Party, a precipitating event of the Revolution, when angry Colonists destroyed the tea cargo of three British ships by dumping them into Boston Harbor. As a consequence, tea drinking became unpatriotic. Boycotts of tea led to an increase in consumption of other beverages, such as coffee or herbal teas infused with peppermint, sage or dandelions.", "title": "American tea culture" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Born in St. Petersburg, she studied art in Paris from 1911 to 1913. She returned to St. Petersburg in 1913 and married Ivan Puni. Their apartment in St Petersburg became a meeting place for avant-garde artists and poets. With Puni she published the cubo-futurist booklet \"Roaring Parnassus\" («Рыкающий Парнас») in 1914.", "title": "Kseniya Boguslavskaya" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "It followed and capitalized on the February Revolution of the same year, which overthrew the Tsarist autocracy and resulted in a provisional government after a transfer of power proclaimed by Grand Duke Michael, brother of Tsar Nicolas II, who declined to take power after the Tsar stepped down. During this time, urban workers began to organize into councils (soviets) wherein revolutionaries criticized the provisional government and its actions. After the Congress of Soviets, now the governing body, had its second session, it elected members of the Bolsheviks and other leftist groups such as the Left Socialist Revolutionaries to important positions within the new state of affairs. This immediately initiated the establishment of the Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic, the world's first self - proclaimed socialist state. On 17 July 1918, the Tsar and his family were executed.", "title": "October Revolution" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Crimean People's Republic () () existed from December 1917 to January 1918 in the Crimean Peninsula, a territory currently disputed between the Russian Federation and Ukraine. Crimean People’s Republic was the first Turkic and Muslim democratic republic in the world. In its founding, the Crimean People's Republic was one of many short-lived attempts to create new states after the Russian Revolution of 1917 had caused the Russian Empire to collapse.", "title": "Crimean People's Republic" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Soviet regime first came to power on November 7, 1917, immediately after the Russian Provisional Government, which governed the Russian Republic, was overthrown in the October Revolution. The state it governed, which did not have an official name, would be unrecognized by neighboring countries for another five months.", "title": "Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Ivan Puni was born in Kuokkala (then Grand Duchy of Finland in the Russian Empire, now Repino in Russia) to a family of Italian origins. He is the grandson of an eminent Italian composer of ballet music, Cesare Pugni.", "title": "Ivan Puni" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Boris Borisovich Glinsky (, 12 October 1860, Saint Petersburg, Russian Empire, – 30 November 1917, Petrograd, Soviet Russia) was a Russian writer, publicist, publisher, editor and politician. A prominent historian and biographer, Glinsky published numerous articles and essays, mainly in \"Istorichesky Vestnik\", which he was also the editor of in 1913–1917, \"Severny Vestnik\" (editor and publisher in 1890—1891), and \"Russkaya Budushchnost\" (Russian Future, 1915—1917). Described as a 'progressive nationalist', Glinsky supported both the 1917 February Revolution and the Kornilov affair. As a result, in August 1917 he was arrested on the counter-revolutionary charges, but in October 1917 was released. Glinsky died in Petrograd on 30 November 1917.", "title": "Boris Glinsky" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The English Embankment (; \"Angliyskaya Naberezhnaya\") or English Quay is a street along the left bank of the Bolshaya Neva River in Central Saint Petersburg. It has been historically one of the most fashionable streets in Saint Petersburg, and in the 19th century was called by the French term, \"Promenade des Anglais\". It was from the English Embankment that at 2 AM on October 25, 1917, the gunshot from the \"Aurora\" sent the signal to storm the Winter Palace during Russian Revolution.", "title": "English Embankment" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Russian Revolution is the series of revolutions in Russia in 1917, which destroyed the Tsarist autocracy and led to the creation of the Soviet Union. Following the abdication of Nicholas II of Russia, the Russian Provisional Government was established. In October 1917, a red faction revolution occurred in which the Red Guard, armed groups of workers and deserting soldiers directed by the Bolshevik Party, seized control of Saint Petersburg (then known as Petrograd) and began an immediate armed takeover of cities and villages throughout the former Russian Empire.", "title": "Modern history" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Eventually almost all of the Bolsheviks who had played prominent roles during the Russian Revolution of 1917, or in Lenin's Soviet government, were executed. Out of six members of the original Politburo during the 1917 October Revolution who lived until the Great Purge, Stalin himself was the only one who remained in the Soviet Union, alive. Four of the other five were executed. The fifth, Leon Trotsky, had been forced into exile outside the Soviet Union in 1929, but was assassinated in Mexico by Soviet agent Ramón Mercader in 1940. Of the seven members elected to the Politburo between the October Revolution and Lenin's death in 1924, four were executed, one (Tomsky) committed suicide and two (Molotov and Kalinin) lived.", "title": "Great Purge" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "However, due to the size of the country, the ongoing World War I and a deteriorating communications system, these results were not fully available at the time. A partial count (54 constituencies out of 79) was published by N. V. Svyatitsky in A Year of the Russian Revolution. 1917-18, Moscow, Zemlya i Volya Publishers, 1918. Svyatitsky's data was generally accepted by all political parties, including the Bolsheviks, and was as follows:", "title": "Russian Constituent Assembly" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The society was founded on 6 (18) August 1845 in Saint Petersburg, Russia. Prior to the Russian Revolution of 1917, it was known as the Imperial Russian Geographical Society.", "title": "Russian Geographical Society" } ]	Which event led to the october revolution in 1917 in the country Kseniya Boguslavskaya's spouse is from?	the February Revolution of the same year	[ "February Revolution" ]	Title: Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic Passage: The Soviet regime first came to power on November 7, 1917, immediately after the Russian Provisional Government, which governed the Russian Republic, was overthrown in the October Revolution. The state it governed, which did not have an official name, would be unrecognized by neighboring countries for another five months. Title: Russian Constituent Assembly Passage: However, due to the size of the country, the ongoing World War I and a deteriorating communications system, these results were not fully available at the time. A partial count (54 constituencies out of 79) was published by N. V. Svyatitsky in A Year of the Russian Revolution. 1917-18, Moscow, Zemlya i Volya Publishers, 1918. Svyatitsky's data was generally accepted by all political parties, including the Bolsheviks, and was as follows: Title: Russian Revolution Passage: On 7 November 1917, Bolshevik leader Vladimir Lenin led his leftist revolutionaries in a revolt against the ineffective Provisional Government (Russia was still using the Julian calendar at the time, so period references show a 25 October date). The October revolution ended the phase of the revolution instigated in February, replacing Russia's short - lived provisional parliamentary government with government by soviets, local councils elected by bodies of workers and peasants. Liberal and monarchist forces, loosely organized into the White Army, immediately went to war against the Bolsheviks' Red Army, in a series of battles that would become known as the Russian Civil War. Title: Blanche of Anjou Passage: Blanche of Anjou (1280 – 14 October 1310) was Queen of Aragon as the second spouse of King James II. She was a member of the Capetian House of Anjou, she is also known as "Blanche of Naples". She served as Regent or "Queen-Lieutenant" of Aragon during the absence of her spouse in 1310. Title: Deus Ex: Mankind Divided Passage: Set in a cyberpunk - themed dystopian world in 2029, two years after the events of Human Revolution, Mankind Divided features the return of Adam Jensen from the previous game, Deus Ex: Human Revolution, with new technology and body augmentations. Title: Helena Dow Passage: Helena Dow (27 October 1917 – 22 April 1998) was an American fencer. She competed in the women's individual foil event at the 1948 Summer Olympics. Title: Russian Geographical Society Passage: The society was founded on 6 (18) August 1845 in Saint Petersburg, Russia. Prior to the Russian Revolution of 1917, it was known as the Imperial Russian Geographical Society. Title: Boris Glinsky Passage: Boris Borisovich Glinsky (, 12 October 1860, Saint Petersburg, Russian Empire, – 30 November 1917, Petrograd, Soviet Russia) was a Russian writer, publicist, publisher, editor and politician. A prominent historian and biographer, Glinsky published numerous articles and essays, mainly in "Istorichesky Vestnik", which he was also the editor of in 1913–1917, "Severny Vestnik" (editor and publisher in 1890—1891), and "Russkaya Budushchnost" (Russian Future, 1915—1917). Described as a 'progressive nationalist', Glinsky supported both the 1917 February Revolution and the Kornilov affair. As a result, in August 1917 he was arrested on the counter-revolutionary charges, but in October 1917 was released. Glinsky died in Petrograd on 30 November 1917. Title: Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic Passage: The RSFSR was established on November 7, 1917 (October Revolution) as a sovereign state. The first Constitution was adopted in 1918. In 1922 the Russian SFSR signed the Treaty on the Creation of the USSR. Title: Russian Revolution Passage: The February Revolution (March 1917) was a revolution focused around Petrograd (now Saint Petersburg), the capital of Russia at that time. In the chaos, members of the Imperial parliament (the Duma) assumed control of the country, forming the Russian Provisional Government which was heavily dominated by the interests of large capitalists and the noble aristocracy. The army leadership felt they did not have the means to suppress the revolution, resulting in Nicholas's abdication. The soviets, which were dominated by soldiers and the urban industrial working class, initially permitted the Provisional Government to rule, but insisted on a prerogative to influence the government and control various militias. The February Revolution took place in the context of heavy military setbacks during the First World War (1914 -- 18), which left much of the Russian Army in a state of mutiny. Title: Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic Passage: Under the leadership of Vladimir Lenin, the Bolsheviks established the Soviet state on 7 November [O.S. 25 October] 1917, immediately after the Russian Provisional Government, which governed the Russian Republic, was overthrown during the October Revolution. Initially, the state did not have an official name and wasn't recognized by neighboring countries for five months. Meanwhile, anti-Bolsheviks coined the mocking label "Sovdepia" for the nascent state of the "Soviets of Workers' and Peasants' Deputies". Title: Kseniya Boguslavskaya Passage: Born in St. Petersburg, she studied art in Paris from 1911 to 1913. She returned to St. Petersburg in 1913 and married Ivan Puni. Their apartment in St Petersburg became a meeting place for avant-garde artists and poets. With Puni she published the cubo-futurist booklet "Roaring Parnassus" («Рыкающий Парнас») in 1914. Title: Great Purge Passage: Eventually almost all of the Bolsheviks who had played prominent roles during the Russian Revolution of 1917, or in Lenin's Soviet government, were executed. Out of six members of the original Politburo during the 1917 October Revolution who lived until the Great Purge, Stalin himself was the only one who remained in the Soviet Union, alive. Four of the other five were executed. The fifth, Leon Trotsky, had been forced into exile outside the Soviet Union in 1929, but was assassinated in Mexico by Soviet agent Ramón Mercader in 1940. Of the seven members elected to the Politburo between the October Revolution and Lenin's death in 1924, four were executed, one (Tomsky) committed suicide and two (Molotov and Kalinin) lived. Title: English Embankment Passage: The English Embankment (; "Angliyskaya Naberezhnaya") or English Quay is a street along the left bank of the Bolshaya Neva River in Central Saint Petersburg. It has been historically one of the most fashionable streets in Saint Petersburg, and in the 19th century was called by the French term, "Promenade des Anglais". It was from the English Embankment that at 2 AM on October 25, 1917, the gunshot from the "Aurora" sent the signal to storm the Winter Palace during Russian Revolution. Title: Ivan Puni Passage: Ivan Puni was born in Kuokkala (then Grand Duchy of Finland in the Russian Empire, now Repino in Russia) to a family of Italian origins. He is the grandson of an eminent Italian composer of ballet music, Cesare Pugni. Title: American tea culture Passage: However, tea and tea taxes became a bone of contention between the American Colonies and Great Britain. This led to the 1773 Boston Tea Party, a precipitating event of the Revolution, when angry Colonists destroyed the tea cargo of three British ships by dumping them into Boston Harbor. As a consequence, tea drinking became unpatriotic. Boycotts of tea led to an increase in consumption of other beverages, such as coffee or herbal teas infused with peppermint, sage or dandelions. Title: Modern history Passage: The Russian Revolution is the series of revolutions in Russia in 1917, which destroyed the Tsarist autocracy and led to the creation of the Soviet Union. Following the abdication of Nicholas II of Russia, the Russian Provisional Government was established. In October 1917, a red faction revolution occurred in which the Red Guard, armed groups of workers and deserting soldiers directed by the Bolshevik Party, seized control of Saint Petersburg (then known as Petrograd) and began an immediate armed takeover of cities and villages throughout the former Russian Empire. Title: Crimean People's Republic Passage: The Crimean People's Republic () () existed from December 1917 to January 1918 in the Crimean Peninsula, a territory currently disputed between the Russian Federation and Ukraine. Crimean People’s Republic was the first Turkic and Muslim democratic republic in the world. In its founding, the Crimean People's Republic was one of many short-lived attempts to create new states after the Russian Revolution of 1917 had caused the Russian Empire to collapse. Title: October Revolution Passage: It followed and capitalized on the February Revolution of the same year, which overthrew the Tsarist autocracy and resulted in a provisional government after a transfer of power proclaimed by Grand Duke Michael, brother of Tsar Nicolas II, who declined to take power after the Tsar stepped down. During this time, urban workers began to organize into councils (soviets) wherein revolutionaries criticized the provisional government and its actions. After the Congress of Soviets, now the governing body, had its second session, it elected members of the Bolsheviks and other leftist groups such as the Left Socialist Revolutionaries to important positions within the new state of affairs. This immediately initiated the establishment of the Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic, the world's first self - proclaimed socialist state. On 17 July 1918, the Tsar and his family were executed. Title: History of Palestine Passage: The British - led Egyptian Expeditionary Force, commanded by Edmund Allenby, captured Jerusalem on 9 December 1917 and occupied the whole of the Levant following the defeat of Turkish forces in Palestine at the Battle of Megiddo in September 1918 and the capitulation of Turkey on 31 October. Allenby famously dismounted from his horse when he entered Jerusalem as a mark of respect for the Holy City and was greeted by the Christian, Jewish, and Islamic leaders of the city.	[ "Kseniya Boguslavskaya", "October Revolution", "Ivan Puni" ]
3hop1__104385_77757_753032	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Gettin' You Home (The Black Dress Song)\" is a song co-written and recorded by American country music singer Chris Young. It was released in February 2009 as the second single from his 2009 album \"The Man I Want to Be\" (2009). Young wrote the song with Kent Blazy and Cory Batten. The song garnered positive reviews from critics who praised the suggestive lyrics for sounding sexy and for being a great non-sellout single.", "title": "Gettin' You Home (The Black Dress Song)" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``Middle of a Memory ''is a song co-written and recorded by American country music artist Cole Swindell. The song was released to radio on May 2, 2016 as the second single to his second studio album You Should Be Here. The song was written by Swindell, Zach Crowell and Ashley Gorley. It received positive reviews from critics praising Swindell's improvements as a storyteller.", "title": "Middle of a Memory" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``Come a Little Closer ''is a song co-written and recorded by American country music artist Dierks Bentley. It was released in July 2005 as the second single from his second studio album Modern Day Drifter. It went to number one on the U.S. Country chart in 2005. The song held that position for the chart weeks of December 3 and December 10, 2005. On the chart for December 17, the song fell to number two when Joe Nichols'`` Tequila Makes Her Clothes Fall Off'' replaced it at the top spot. The song then returned to number 1 for a third and final week on the chart dated December 24. The song was written by Bentley and Brett Beavers.", "title": "Come a Little Closer (Dierks Bentley song)" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Hands of a Working Man\" is a song written by D. Vincent Williams and Jim Collins, and recorded by American country music artist Ty Herndon. It was released in January 1999 as the third single from his album, \"Big Hopes\". The song reached number 5 on the \"Billboard\" Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart in May 1999, and was Herndon's last Top Ten country hit.", "title": "Hands of a Working Man" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Huilgol Narayana Rao (Kannada: ಹುಯಿಲಗೋಳ ನಾರಾಯಣರಾಯ) (October 4, 1884 - July 1971) was a popular playwright in the modern Kannada literature and a freedom fighter. Narayana Rao is best known as the poet who composed the then national anthem of the Karnataka State Udayavagali namma cheluva kannada nadu which heralded the birth of Karnataka. The popular song was sung by Huilgol Narayan Rao at Karnataka Unification Conference held in 1924, which was also the venue which hosted Belgaum Congress meeting", "title": "Huilgol Narayana Rao" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The newly allied armies captured Beijing on June 6. The Shunzhi Emperor was invested as the \"Son of Heaven\" on October 30. The Manchus, who had positioned themselves as political heir to the Ming emperor by defeating the rebel Li Zicheng, completed the symbolic transition by holding a formal funeral for the Chongzhen Emperor. However the process of conquering the rest of China took another seventeen years of battling Ming loyalists, pretenders and rebels. The last Ming pretender, Prince Gui, sought refuge with the King of Burma, but was turned over to a Qing expeditionary army commanded by Wu Sangui, who had him brought back to Yunnan province and executed in early 1662.", "title": "Qing dynasty" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Rao Shushi (; 1903—1975) like his confederate Gao Gang, was a senior leader of the Communist Party of China (CPC), who once enjoyed great power and fame that then quickly evaporated, leaving behind many mysteries about his rise and fall.", "title": "Rao Shushi" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``Gettin 'You Home (The Black Dress Song) ''is a song co-written and recorded by American country music singer Chris Young. It was released in February 2009 as the second single from his 2009 album The Man I Want to Be (2009). Young wrote the song with Kent Blazy and Cory Batten. The song garnered positive reviews from critics who praised the suggestive lyrics for sounding sexy and for being a great non-sellout single.", "title": "Gettin' You Home (The Black Dress Song)" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Song dynasty is divided into two distinct periods, Northern and Southern. During the Northern Song (Chinese: 北宋; 960 -- 1127), the Song capital was in the northern city of Bianjing (now Kaifeng) and the dynasty controlled most of what is now Eastern China. The Southern Song (Chinese: 南宋; 1127 -- 1279) refers to the period after the Song lost control of its northern half to the Jurchen Jin dynasty in the Jin -- Song Wars. During this time, the Song court retreated south of the Yangtze and established its capital at Lin'an (now Hangzhou). Although the Song dynasty had lost control of the traditional ``birthplace of Chinese civilization ''along the Yellow River, the Song economy was still strong, as the Southern Song Empire contained a large population and productive agricultural land. The Southern Song dynasty considerably bolstered its naval strength to defend its waters and land borders and to conduct maritime missions abroad. To repel the Jin, and later the Mongols, the Song developed revolutionary new military technology augmented by the use of gunpowder. In 1234, the Jin dynasty was conquered by the Mongols, who took control of northern China, maintaining uneasy relations with the Southern Song. Möngke Khan, the fourth Great Khan of the Mongol Empire, died in 1259 while besieging the city of Chongqing. His younger brother Kublai Khan was proclaimed the new Great Khan, though his claim was only partially recognized by the Mongols in the west. In 1271, Kublai Khan was proclaimed the Emperor of China. After two decades of sporadic warfare, Kublai Khan's armies conquered the Song dynasty in 1279. The Mongol invasion led to a reunification under the Yuan dynasty (1271 -- 1368).", "title": "Song dynasty" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"A Woman in Love\" is a song written by Curtis Wright and Doug Millett, and recorded by American country music singer Ronnie Milsap. It was released in September 1989 as the third single from the album \"Stranger Things Have Happened\". It was his last song to reach number one on the U.S. country singles chart.", "title": "A Woman in Love (Ronnie Milsap song)" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Bajirao succeeded his father as Peshwa of the Maratha Empire.By the time Baji Rao became the Peshwa, Chhatrapati Shahu was the ruler of Maratha Emperor. The Maratha confederacy was run in his name, but the real power lay in the hands of the Peshwa. By the time of Baji Rao's appointment, Mughal emperor Muhammad Shah had recognized Marathas' rights over the territories possessed by Shivaji at his death. In 1719, the Mughals had also recognized the Maratha rights to collect taxes (chauth or chauthaii and sardeshmukhi) in the six provinces of Deccan. Bajirao believed that the Mughal Empire was in decline and wanted to take advantage of this situation with aggressive expansion in north India. Sensing the declining fortune of the Mughals, he is reported to have said, ``Strike, strike at the trunk and the branches will fall off themselves. ''However, as a new Peshwa, he faced several challenges:", "title": "Baji Rao I" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The defeat of Eugenius and his commander, the Frankish magister militum Arbogast, put the whole empire back in the hands of a single emperor for the last time until the final collapse of the Western Roman Empire (not considering the purely nominal claim of Zeno in 480). Theodosius passed", "title": "Battle of the Frigidus" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Fly\" is a song recorded by American country music duo Maddie & Tae. It was released in January 2015 as the second single from their debut studio album, \"Start Here\". The song, written by the duo and Tiffany Vartanyan, is an inspirational anthem about a girl wanting to find success. It garnered a positive reception from critics praising the production and the girls' vocal performances for elevating the overall theme of the song.", "title": "Fly (Maddie & Tae song)" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Battle of Asseiceira, fought on 16 May, 1834, was the last and decisive engagement of the Portuguese Civil War, or \"War of the Two Brothers\", between Dom Pedro, ex-Emperor of Brazil (fighting to restore his daughter Dona Maria da Glória as rightful Queen of Portugal) and the usurper Dom Miguel. Dom Miguel's rebel forces were defeated.", "title": "Battle of Asseiceira" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``We Are Young ''is a song recorded by American band Fun featuring Janelle Monáe, for their second studio album, Some Nights (2012). It was released on September 20, 2011, as the lead single from the album. The song received generally positive reviews from music critics, with many noting the song as a breakthrough for the indie genre and praising the song's catchiness.`` We Are Young'' has attained commercial success worldwide, reaching number one in several countries.", "title": "We Are Young" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "He debuted the song publicly at the Country Music Association's annual awards show on November 7, 2001. It was released that month as a single and topped the Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart for five weeks; in addition, it reached number 28 on Billboard's all - genre Hot 100 chart. The song received largely positive reviews from critics, who appreciated its simple, largely apolitical stance. The song won multiple awards at the Academy of Country Music and Country Music Association Awards, including Song of the Year, and also earned Jackson his first Grammy Award for Best Country Song.", "title": "Where Were You (When the World Stopped Turning)" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Kublai (; ; ) was the fifth Khagan (Great Khan) of the Mongol Empire (\"Ikh Mongol Uls\"), reigning from 1260 to 1294 (although due to the division of the empire this was a nominal position). He also founded the Yuan dynasty in China as a conquest dynasty in 1271, and ruled as the first Yuan emperor until his death in 1294.", "title": "Kublai Khan" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``The Keeper of the Stars ''is a song written by Dickey Lee, Danny Mayo and Karen Staley, and recorded by American country music artist Tracy Byrd. It was released in February 1995 as the fourth and last single from his album No Ordinary Man, it went on to reach a peak of # 2 on the Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks (now Hot Country Songs) charts, behind`` I Can Love You Like That'' by John Michael Montgomery. A year after its release, it was named Song of the Year by the Country Music Association.", "title": "The Keeper of the Stars" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Initially, Byrd's label (MCA Records) had not planned for \"The Keeper of the Stars\" to be a single, until his publicist realized that the song had been receiving positive feedback for it in concert. The fourth single from Byrd's \"No Ordinary Man\" album, \"The Keeper of the Stars\" spent twenty weeks on the \"Billboard\" Hot Country Singles & Tracks (now Hot Country Songs) charts, reaching a peak position of number two.", "title": "The Keeper of the Stars" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Following the defeat of the usurper known as Constantine III, Jovinus was proclaimed emperor at Mainz in 411, a puppet supported by Gundahar, king of the Burgundians, and Goar, king of the Alans. Jovinus kept his position in Gaul for two years, long enough to issue coinage that showed him wearing the imperial diadem. He was supported by a number of local Gallo-Roman nobles who had survived Constantine's defeat.", "title": "Jovinus" } ]	What was the position held by the person defeating the last song emperor of the country having Rao Shushi?	Khagan	[ "Great Khan" ]	Title: Jovinus Passage: Following the defeat of the usurper known as Constantine III, Jovinus was proclaimed emperor at Mainz in 411, a puppet supported by Gundahar, king of the Burgundians, and Goar, king of the Alans. Jovinus kept his position in Gaul for two years, long enough to issue coinage that showed him wearing the imperial diadem. He was supported by a number of local Gallo-Roman nobles who had survived Constantine's defeat. Title: Gettin' You Home (The Black Dress Song) Passage: "Gettin' You Home (The Black Dress Song)" is a song co-written and recorded by American country music singer Chris Young. It was released in February 2009 as the second single from his 2009 album "The Man I Want to Be" (2009). Young wrote the song with Kent Blazy and Cory Batten. The song garnered positive reviews from critics who praised the suggestive lyrics for sounding sexy and for being a great non-sellout single. Title: Huilgol Narayana Rao Passage: Huilgol Narayana Rao (Kannada: ಹುಯಿಲಗೋಳ ನಾರಾಯಣರಾಯ) (October 4, 1884 - July 1971) was a popular playwright in the modern Kannada literature and a freedom fighter. Narayana Rao is best known as the poet who composed the then national anthem of the Karnataka State Udayavagali namma cheluva kannada nadu which heralded the birth of Karnataka. The popular song was sung by Huilgol Narayan Rao at Karnataka Unification Conference held in 1924, which was also the venue which hosted Belgaum Congress meeting Title: Hands of a Working Man Passage: "Hands of a Working Man" is a song written by D. Vincent Williams and Jim Collins, and recorded by American country music artist Ty Herndon. It was released in January 1999 as the third single from his album, "Big Hopes". The song reached number 5 on the "Billboard" Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart in May 1999, and was Herndon's last Top Ten country hit. Title: Qing dynasty Passage: The newly allied armies captured Beijing on June 6. The Shunzhi Emperor was invested as the "Son of Heaven" on October 30. The Manchus, who had positioned themselves as political heir to the Ming emperor by defeating the rebel Li Zicheng, completed the symbolic transition by holding a formal funeral for the Chongzhen Emperor. However the process of conquering the rest of China took another seventeen years of battling Ming loyalists, pretenders and rebels. The last Ming pretender, Prince Gui, sought refuge with the King of Burma, but was turned over to a Qing expeditionary army commanded by Wu Sangui, who had him brought back to Yunnan province and executed in early 1662. Title: Battle of Asseiceira Passage: The Battle of Asseiceira, fought on 16 May, 1834, was the last and decisive engagement of the Portuguese Civil War, or "War of the Two Brothers", between Dom Pedro, ex-Emperor of Brazil (fighting to restore his daughter Dona Maria da Glória as rightful Queen of Portugal) and the usurper Dom Miguel. Dom Miguel's rebel forces were defeated. Title: Where Were You (When the World Stopped Turning) Passage: He debuted the song publicly at the Country Music Association's annual awards show on November 7, 2001. It was released that month as a single and topped the Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart for five weeks; in addition, it reached number 28 on Billboard's all - genre Hot 100 chart. The song received largely positive reviews from critics, who appreciated its simple, largely apolitical stance. The song won multiple awards at the Academy of Country Music and Country Music Association Awards, including Song of the Year, and also earned Jackson his first Grammy Award for Best Country Song. Title: The Keeper of the Stars Passage: Initially, Byrd's label (MCA Records) had not planned for "The Keeper of the Stars" to be a single, until his publicist realized that the song had been receiving positive feedback for it in concert. The fourth single from Byrd's "No Ordinary Man" album, "The Keeper of the Stars" spent twenty weeks on the "Billboard" Hot Country Singles & Tracks (now Hot Country Songs) charts, reaching a peak position of number two. Title: We Are Young Passage: ``We Are Young ''is a song recorded by American band Fun featuring Janelle Monáe, for their second studio album, Some Nights (2012). It was released on September 20, 2011, as the lead single from the album. The song received generally positive reviews from music critics, with many noting the song as a breakthrough for the indie genre and praising the song's catchiness.`` We Are Young'' has attained commercial success worldwide, reaching number one in several countries. Title: Middle of a Memory Passage: ``Middle of a Memory ''is a song co-written and recorded by American country music artist Cole Swindell. The song was released to radio on May 2, 2016 as the second single to his second studio album You Should Be Here. The song was written by Swindell, Zach Crowell and Ashley Gorley. It received positive reviews from critics praising Swindell's improvements as a storyteller. Title: Battle of the Frigidus Passage: The defeat of Eugenius and his commander, the Frankish magister militum Arbogast, put the whole empire back in the hands of a single emperor for the last time until the final collapse of the Western Roman Empire (not considering the purely nominal claim of Zeno in 480). Theodosius passed Title: A Woman in Love (Ronnie Milsap song) Passage: "A Woman in Love" is a song written by Curtis Wright and Doug Millett, and recorded by American country music singer Ronnie Milsap. It was released in September 1989 as the third single from the album "Stranger Things Have Happened". It was his last song to reach number one on the U.S. country singles chart. Title: Gettin' You Home (The Black Dress Song) Passage: ``Gettin 'You Home (The Black Dress Song) ''is a song co-written and recorded by American country music singer Chris Young. It was released in February 2009 as the second single from his 2009 album The Man I Want to Be (2009). Young wrote the song with Kent Blazy and Cory Batten. The song garnered positive reviews from critics who praised the suggestive lyrics for sounding sexy and for being a great non-sellout single. Title: Rao Shushi Passage: Rao Shushi (; 1903—1975) like his confederate Gao Gang, was a senior leader of the Communist Party of China (CPC), who once enjoyed great power and fame that then quickly evaporated, leaving behind many mysteries about his rise and fall. Title: Come a Little Closer (Dierks Bentley song) Passage: ``Come a Little Closer ''is a song co-written and recorded by American country music artist Dierks Bentley. It was released in July 2005 as the second single from his second studio album Modern Day Drifter. It went to number one on the U.S. Country chart in 2005. The song held that position for the chart weeks of December 3 and December 10, 2005. On the chart for December 17, the song fell to number two when Joe Nichols'`` Tequila Makes Her Clothes Fall Off'' replaced it at the top spot. The song then returned to number 1 for a third and final week on the chart dated December 24. The song was written by Bentley and Brett Beavers. Title: Kublai Khan Passage: Kublai (; ; ) was the fifth Khagan (Great Khan) of the Mongol Empire ("Ikh Mongol Uls"), reigning from 1260 to 1294 (although due to the division of the empire this was a nominal position). He also founded the Yuan dynasty in China as a conquest dynasty in 1271, and ruled as the first Yuan emperor until his death in 1294. Title: The Keeper of the Stars Passage: ``The Keeper of the Stars ''is a song written by Dickey Lee, Danny Mayo and Karen Staley, and recorded by American country music artist Tracy Byrd. It was released in February 1995 as the fourth and last single from his album No Ordinary Man, it went on to reach a peak of # 2 on the Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks (now Hot Country Songs) charts, behind`` I Can Love You Like That'' by John Michael Montgomery. A year after its release, it was named Song of the Year by the Country Music Association. Title: Song dynasty Passage: The Song dynasty is divided into two distinct periods, Northern and Southern. During the Northern Song (Chinese: 北宋; 960 -- 1127), the Song capital was in the northern city of Bianjing (now Kaifeng) and the dynasty controlled most of what is now Eastern China. The Southern Song (Chinese: 南宋; 1127 -- 1279) refers to the period after the Song lost control of its northern half to the Jurchen Jin dynasty in the Jin -- Song Wars. During this time, the Song court retreated south of the Yangtze and established its capital at Lin'an (now Hangzhou). Although the Song dynasty had lost control of the traditional ``birthplace of Chinese civilization ''along the Yellow River, the Song economy was still strong, as the Southern Song Empire contained a large population and productive agricultural land. The Southern Song dynasty considerably bolstered its naval strength to defend its waters and land borders and to conduct maritime missions abroad. To repel the Jin, and later the Mongols, the Song developed revolutionary new military technology augmented by the use of gunpowder. In 1234, the Jin dynasty was conquered by the Mongols, who took control of northern China, maintaining uneasy relations with the Southern Song. Möngke Khan, the fourth Great Khan of the Mongol Empire, died in 1259 while besieging the city of Chongqing. His younger brother Kublai Khan was proclaimed the new Great Khan, though his claim was only partially recognized by the Mongols in the west. In 1271, Kublai Khan was proclaimed the Emperor of China. After two decades of sporadic warfare, Kublai Khan's armies conquered the Song dynasty in 1279. The Mongol invasion led to a reunification under the Yuan dynasty (1271 -- 1368). Title: Baji Rao I Passage: Bajirao succeeded his father as Peshwa of the Maratha Empire.By the time Baji Rao became the Peshwa, Chhatrapati Shahu was the ruler of Maratha Emperor. The Maratha confederacy was run in his name, but the real power lay in the hands of the Peshwa. By the time of Baji Rao's appointment, Mughal emperor Muhammad Shah had recognized Marathas' rights over the territories possessed by Shivaji at his death. In 1719, the Mughals had also recognized the Maratha rights to collect taxes (chauth or chauthaii and sardeshmukhi) in the six provinces of Deccan. Bajirao believed that the Mughal Empire was in decline and wanted to take advantage of this situation with aggressive expansion in north India. Sensing the declining fortune of the Mughals, he is reported to have said, ``Strike, strike at the trunk and the branches will fall off themselves. ''However, as a new Peshwa, he faced several challenges: Title: Fly (Maddie & Tae song) Passage: "Fly" is a song recorded by American country music duo Maddie & Tae. It was released in January 2015 as the second single from their debut studio album, "Start Here". The song, written by the duo and Tiffany Vartanyan, is an inspirational anthem about a girl wanting to find success. It garnered a positive reception from critics praising the production and the girls' vocal performances for elevating the overall theme of the song.	[ "Rao Shushi", "Song dynasty", "Kublai Khan" ]
2hop__814542_21587	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"The Death of Emmett Till\", also known as \"The Ballad of Emmett Till\", is a song by American musician and Nobel Laureate Bob Dylan about the murder of Emmett Till. Till, a 14-year-old African American, was killed on August 28, 1955, by two white men, reportedly after flirting with a white woman. In the song's lyrics, Dylan recounts the murder and trial.", "title": "The Death of Emmett Till" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Lucinda Bruce-Gardyne studied Physiology at the University of London. After graduation, she trained at Leiths School of Food and Wine in London and worked as a section chef at Terence Conran's restaurant Bibendum. In 1998, she returned to teach at Leiths, where she was commissioned to write the \"Leiths Techniques Bible\".", "title": "Lucinda Bruce-Gardyne" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Lieutenant Joseph Emmett Stauffer (October 29, 1874 – April 10, 1917) was a teacher, politician and soldier from Alberta, Canada.", "title": "Joseph Stauffer" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Ann Arbor was founded in 1824, named for wives of the village's founders and the stands of Bur Oak trees. The University of Michigan moved from Detroit to Ann Arbor in 1837, and the city grew at a rapid rate in the early to mid-20th century. During the 1960s and 1970s, the city gained a reputation as a center for left-wing politics. Ann Arbor became a focal point for political activism and served as a hub for the civil-rights movement and anti-Vietnam War movement, as well as various student movements.", "title": "Ann Arbor, Michigan" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Emmett is an unincorporated community in Logan County, West Virginia, United States. Emmett is located on Elk Creek, County Route 11/1, and the CSX Railroad southeast of Man. Emmett had a post office, which closed on March 7, 1998.", "title": "Emmett, West Virginia" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Hanka Island () is a small island lying near the head of Leith Cove, Paradise Harbor, off the west coast of Graham Land, Antarctica. The name was applied by Scottish geologist David Ferguson, who visited this area in the whaler \"Hanka\" in 1913–14.", "title": "Hanka Island" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Doyle was found clutching his chest in the hall of Windlesham Manor, his house in Crowborough, East Sussex, on 7 July 1930. He died of a heart attack at the age of 71. His last words were directed toward his wife: \"You are wonderful.\" At the time of his death, there was some controversy concerning his burial place, as he was avowedly not a Christian, considering himself a Spiritualist. He was first buried on 11 July 1930 in Windlesham rose garden.", "title": "Arthur Conan Doyle" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Gangster's Den is a 1945 American Producers Releasing Corporation Western film of the \"Billy the Kid\" series directed by Sam Newfield. The film is notable for having three comedy relief characters; Al St. John, Emmett Lynn, and Charles King, who usually plays the villain.", "title": "Gangster's Den" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Saving Kids is an Australian medical documentary television series that screened on Network Ten in 2008. The show was filmed at the Sydney Children's Hospital and presented by singer Damien Leith.", "title": "Saving Kids" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Danger Valley is a 1937 American western released by Monogram Pictures, directed by Robert N. Bradbury, written by Robert Emmett Tansey (as \"Robert Emmett\") and starring Addison Randall (aka Jack Randall).", "title": "Danger Valley" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Emmett Kelly died of a heart attack while taking out garbage on March 28, 1979, at his home in Sarasota, Florida. He is buried in the Rest Haven Memorial Park, in Lafayette, Indiana.", "title": "Emmett Kelly" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Methven, though born in Ceres, Fife, first played senior football in Edinburgh, for Leith Athletic, Heart of Midlothian and St Bernard's. He joined a growing band of Scottish professionals in English football when he signed forms with Derby County at the end of the 1890-91 season.", "title": "Jimmy Methven" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Emmett Norman Leith (March 12, 1927 in Detroit, Michigan – December 23, 2005 in Ann Arbor, Michigan) was a professor of electrical engineering at the University of Michigan and, with Juris Upatnieks of the University of Michigan, the co-inventor of three-dimensional holography.", "title": "Emmett Leith" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Trinity House, 99 Kirkgate, is a category A listed building in Leith, Edinburgh, Scotland, which was a guild hall, customs house, and centre for maritime administration and poor relief. In the Late Middle Ages and Early Modern Era it also served as an almshouse and hospital. Now in state care, it houses a maritime museum.", "title": "Trinity House of Leith" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Dan W. Emmett served in the California legislature and during World War I he served in the United States Army.", "title": "Dan W. Emmett" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "At the Los Angeles Olympics, Emmett Toppino from New Orleans ran the second leg in the American 4 × 100 m relay team, which won the gold medal with a new world record of 40.0.", "title": "Emmett Toppino" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Emmett Diarnuid O'Connor (born September 13, 1992 in Ajax, Ontario) is a Canadian professional footballer who last played as a midfielder for League One side Crawley Town.", "title": "Emmett O'Connor" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Autopsy is a death metal band, founded in 1987 in the United States by Chris Reifert and Eric Cutler. They disbanded in 1995, but reunited in 2009.", "title": "Autopsy (band)" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Henry Mosley (8 March 1852 – 29 November 1933) was an English first-class cricketer, who played two matches for Yorkshire County Cricket Club in 1881, and another for T Emmett's XI v Alfred Shaw's XI at Bradford in the same year.", "title": "Henry Mosley" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Andrew Leith Adams FRSE, FRS (21 March 1827 – 29 July 1882) was a Scottish physician, naturalist and geologist. He was the father of the writer Francis Adams.", "title": "Andrew Leith Adams" } ]	When was the city where Emmett Leith died founded?	1824	[]	Title: Andrew Leith Adams Passage: Andrew Leith Adams FRSE, FRS (21 March 1827 – 29 July 1882) was a Scottish physician, naturalist and geologist. He was the father of the writer Francis Adams. Title: Dan W. Emmett Passage: Dan W. Emmett served in the California legislature and during World War I he served in the United States Army. Title: The Death of Emmett Till Passage: "The Death of Emmett Till", also known as "The Ballad of Emmett Till", is a song by American musician and Nobel Laureate Bob Dylan about the murder of Emmett Till. Till, a 14-year-old African American, was killed on August 28, 1955, by two white men, reportedly after flirting with a white woman. In the song's lyrics, Dylan recounts the murder and trial. Title: Gangster's Den Passage: Gangster's Den is a 1945 American Producers Releasing Corporation Western film of the "Billy the Kid" series directed by Sam Newfield. The film is notable for having three comedy relief characters; Al St. John, Emmett Lynn, and Charles King, who usually plays the villain. Title: Emmett Toppino Passage: At the Los Angeles Olympics, Emmett Toppino from New Orleans ran the second leg in the American 4 × 100 m relay team, which won the gold medal with a new world record of 40.0. Title: Jimmy Methven Passage: Methven, though born in Ceres, Fife, first played senior football in Edinburgh, for Leith Athletic, Heart of Midlothian and St Bernard's. He joined a growing band of Scottish professionals in English football when he signed forms with Derby County at the end of the 1890-91 season. Title: Joseph Stauffer Passage: Lieutenant Joseph Emmett Stauffer (October 29, 1874 – April 10, 1917) was a teacher, politician and soldier from Alberta, Canada. Title: Arthur Conan Doyle Passage: Doyle was found clutching his chest in the hall of Windlesham Manor, his house in Crowborough, East Sussex, on 7 July 1930. He died of a heart attack at the age of 71. His last words were directed toward his wife: "You are wonderful." At the time of his death, there was some controversy concerning his burial place, as he was avowedly not a Christian, considering himself a Spiritualist. He was first buried on 11 July 1930 in Windlesham rose garden. Title: Lucinda Bruce-Gardyne Passage: Lucinda Bruce-Gardyne studied Physiology at the University of London. After graduation, she trained at Leiths School of Food and Wine in London and worked as a section chef at Terence Conran's restaurant Bibendum. In 1998, she returned to teach at Leiths, where she was commissioned to write the "Leiths Techniques Bible". Title: Hanka Island Passage: Hanka Island () is a small island lying near the head of Leith Cove, Paradise Harbor, off the west coast of Graham Land, Antarctica. The name was applied by Scottish geologist David Ferguson, who visited this area in the whaler "Hanka" in 1913–14. Title: Emmett, West Virginia Passage: Emmett is an unincorporated community in Logan County, West Virginia, United States. Emmett is located on Elk Creek, County Route 11/1, and the CSX Railroad southeast of Man. Emmett had a post office, which closed on March 7, 1998. Title: Emmett Kelly Passage: Emmett Kelly died of a heart attack while taking out garbage on March 28, 1979, at his home in Sarasota, Florida. He is buried in the Rest Haven Memorial Park, in Lafayette, Indiana. Title: Trinity House of Leith Passage: Trinity House, 99 Kirkgate, is a category A listed building in Leith, Edinburgh, Scotland, which was a guild hall, customs house, and centre for maritime administration and poor relief. In the Late Middle Ages and Early Modern Era it also served as an almshouse and hospital. Now in state care, it houses a maritime museum. Title: Autopsy (band) Passage: Autopsy is a death metal band, founded in 1987 in the United States by Chris Reifert and Eric Cutler. They disbanded in 1995, but reunited in 2009. Title: Henry Mosley Passage: Henry Mosley (8 March 1852 – 29 November 1933) was an English first-class cricketer, who played two matches for Yorkshire County Cricket Club in 1881, and another for T Emmett's XI v Alfred Shaw's XI at Bradford in the same year. Title: Emmett Leith Passage: Emmett Norman Leith (March 12, 1927 in Detroit, Michigan – December 23, 2005 in Ann Arbor, Michigan) was a professor of electrical engineering at the University of Michigan and, with Juris Upatnieks of the University of Michigan, the co-inventor of three-dimensional holography. Title: Saving Kids Passage: Saving Kids is an Australian medical documentary television series that screened on Network Ten in 2008. The show was filmed at the Sydney Children's Hospital and presented by singer Damien Leith. Title: Emmett O'Connor Passage: Emmett Diarnuid O'Connor (born September 13, 1992 in Ajax, Ontario) is a Canadian professional footballer who last played as a midfielder for League One side Crawley Town. Title: Ann Arbor, Michigan Passage: Ann Arbor was founded in 1824, named for wives of the village's founders and the stands of Bur Oak trees. The University of Michigan moved from Detroit to Ann Arbor in 1837, and the city grew at a rapid rate in the early to mid-20th century. During the 1960s and 1970s, the city gained a reputation as a center for left-wing politics. Ann Arbor became a focal point for political activism and served as a hub for the civil-rights movement and anti-Vietnam War movement, as well as various student movements. Title: Danger Valley Passage: Danger Valley is a 1937 American western released by Monogram Pictures, directed by Robert N. Bradbury, written by Robert Emmett Tansey (as "Robert Emmett") and starring Addison Randall (aka Jack Randall).	[ "Ann Arbor, Michigan", "Emmett Leith" ]

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