Split (1)

train · 19.9k rows

question stringlengths 29 283	answer stringlengths 1 100	answer_aliases listlengths 0 10	context stringlengths 3.85k 19.2k	citations listlengths 1 4
What was the magnitude of the earthquake affecting the municipality serving as the seat of government in Delhi in September 2011?	4.2-magnitude	[]	Title: 1930 Salmas earthquake Passage: The 1930 Salmas earthquake occurred on in West Azerbaijan Province, Iran. The earthquake, which was among Iran's largest, measured 7.1 on the moment magnitude scale and had a maximum Mercalli intensity of IX ("Violent"). A damaging foreshock occurred fifteen hours prior to the main event and served as a warning to the people that felt it strongly. Reports from seismologists and seismological organizations indicate that up to 3,000 fatalities may have occurred in western Iran and eastern Turkey. Title: 2011 Yunnan earthquake Passage: The 2011 Yunnan earthquake was a 5.4 magnitude earthquake that occurred on 10 March 2011 at 12:58 CST, with its epicenter in Yingjiang County, Yunnan, People's Republic of China, near the Burmese border. A total of 26 people died and 313 were injured with 133 in serious condition. China's Xinhua reports that up to seven aftershocks, measuring up to a magnitude of 4.7, followed the initial quake, which caused a total of 127,000 people to be evacuated to nearby shelters. It joined over 1,000 other minor tremors that affected the region in the two preceding months. Following damage surveys, officials reported that 1,039 buildings were destroyed and 4,994 more were seriously damaged. The earthquake occurred one day before a much larger earthquake struck Japan that also formed a tsunami. Title: New Delhi Passage: New Delhi lies on several fault lines and thus experiences frequent earthquakes, most of them of mild intensity. There has, however, been a spike in the number of earthquakes in the last six years, most notable being a 5.4 magnitude earthquake in 2015 with its epicentre in Nepal, a 4.7-magnitude earthquake on 25 November 2007, a 4.2-magnitude earthquake on 7 September 2011, a 5.2-magnitude earthquake on 5 March 2012, and a swarm of twelve earthquakes, including four of magnitudes 2.5, 2.8, 3.1, and 3.3, on 12 November 2013. Title: Stagira-Akanthos Passage: Stagira-Akanthos () is a former municipality in Chalkidiki, Greece. Since the 2011 local government reform it is part of the municipality Aristotelis, of which it is a municipal unit. Population 8,705 (2011). The seat of the former municipality was in Ierissos, which is also the seat of the municipality Aristotelis. The land area of the municipal unit is 253.373 km². It lies north of the autonomous area of Mount Athos. The Greek philosopher Aristotle was born in the ancient city of Stageira, in the northwest part of the municipal unit. Title: New Delhi Passage: New Delhi (i/ˌnjuː ˈdɛli/) is a municipality and district in Delhi which serves as the capital and seat of government of India. In addition, it also serves as the seat of Government of Delhi. Title: New Delhi Passage: As of 2015, the government structure of the New Delhi Municipal Council includes a chairperson, three members of New Delhi's Legislative Assembly, two members nominated by the Chief Minister of the NCT of Delhi and five members nominated by the central government. Title: Mexico City Passage: On Thursday, September 19, 1985, at 7:19 am local time, Mexico City was struck by an earthquake of magnitude 8.1 on the Richter scale. Although this earthquake was not as deadly or destructive as many similar events in Asia and other parts of Latin America, it proved to be a disaster politically for the one-party government. The government was paralyzed by its own bureaucracy and corruption, forcing ordinary citizens to create and direct their own rescue efforts and to reconstruct much of the housing that was lost as well. Title: 1905 Tsetserleg earthquake Passage: The 1905 Tsetserleg earthquake occurred in or near the Tsetserleg Sum of Khövsgöl Province in Mongolia on 9 July 1905. The earthquake has been estimated at 7.9 to 8.3 on the moment magnitude scale. Title: Aiginio Passage: Aiginio (), known before 1926 as Libanovo (), is a town and a former municipality in Pieria regional unit, Greece. Since the 2011 local government reform it is part of the municipality Pydna-Kolindros, of which it is the seat and a municipal unit. The municipal unit has an area of 75.541 km, the community 62.246 km. The population of the municipal unit was 4,869 people and the population of the community was 4,345 people as of 2011. Title: Ampelokipoi, Thessaloniki Passage: Ampelokipoi (, "vineyards") is a suburb of the Thessaloniki Urban Area and was a former municipality of the regional unit of Thessaloniki, Greece. Since the 2011 local government reform it is part of the municipality of Ampelokipoi-Menemeni, of which it is a municipal unit. The population was 37381 in 2011, with a land area of 1.803 km². Ampelokipoi is the seat of the new Ampelokipoi-Menemeni municipality. Title: New Delhi Passage: New Delhi is governed through a municipal government, known as the New Delhi Municipal Council (NDMC). Other urban areas of the metropolis of Delhi are administered by the Municipal Corporation of Delhi (MCD). However, the entire metropolis of Delhi is commonly known as New Delhi in contrast to Old Delhi. Title: Papaflessas, Messenia Passage: Papaflessas (, before 1915: Κοντογόνι - "Kontogoni") is a village and a former municipality in Messenia, Peloponnese, Greece. Since the 2011 local government reform it is part of the municipality Pylos-Nestoras, of which it is a municipal unit. The municipal unit has an area of 42.137 km. Population 1,316 (2011). The seat of the municipality was in Vlachopoulo. Title: June 2011 Christchurch earthquake Passage: The June 2011 Christchurch earthquake was a shallow magnitude 6.0 earthquake that occurred on 13 June 2011 at 14:20 NZST (02:20 UTC). It was centred at a depth of , about 5 km (3 mi) south-east of Christchurch, which had previously been devastated by a magnitude 6.2 M earthquake in February 2011. The June quake was preceded by a magnitude 5.9 M tremor that struck the region at a slightly deeper 8.9 km (5.5 mi). The United States Geological Survey reported a magnitude of 6.0 M at a depth of about 9 km (5.6 mi). Title: Paralia, Pieria Passage: Paralia (, "Paralía", meaning "beach") is a tourist seaside settlement and a former municipality in the eastern part of the Pieria regional unit, Greece. Since the 2011 local government reform it is part of the municipality Katerini, of which it is a municipal unit. The seat of the municipality was in Kallithea. The 2011 census reported a population of 1,124 for the village of Paralia, and 6,803 for the municipal unit. The municipal unit has an area of 24.344 km, the community 1.849 km.. Paralia Katerinis actually translated "Beach of Katerini" and is the closest beach to the capital city of Katerini. Title: 2008 Sichuan earthquake Passage: Official figures (as of July 21, 2008 12:00 CST) stated that 69,197 were confirmed dead, including 68,636 in Sichuan province, and 374,176 injured, with 18,222 listed as missing. The earthquake left about 4.8 million people homeless, though the number could be as high as 11 million. Approximately 15 million people lived in the affected area. It was the deadliest earthquake to hit China since the 1976 Tangshan earthquake, which killed at least 240,000 people, and the strongest in the country since the 1950 Chayu earthquake, which registered at 8.5 on the Richter magnitude scale. It is the 21st deadliest earthquake of all time. On November 6, 2008, the central government announced that it would spend 1 trillion RMB (about US $146.5 billion) over the next three years to rebuild areas ravaged by the earthquake, as part of the Chinese economic stimulus program. Title: Orfani Passage: Orfani (, formerly Ορφάνιον - Orfanion) is a village and a former municipality in the Kavala regional unit, East Macedonia and Thrace, Greece. Since the 2011 local government reform it is part of the municipality Pangaio, of which it is a municipal unit (municipal unit of Orfano). The municipal unit has an area of 200.862 km. The municipal unit has a population of 5,249, and the village of Orfani has 706 inhabitants (2011). The seat of the municipality was Galipsos. Title: Vounargo Passage: Vounargo () is a village in the municipal unit of Iardanos, Elis, Greece. Since the 2011 local government reform it is part of the municipality Pyrgos. Vounargo was the seat of the former municipality Iardanos. It is situated at the foot of low hills to the north. It is 8 km northwest of Pyrgos, 9 km southeast of Amaliada and 11 km west of Karatoula. In 2011, the population of the village was 778. Title: 2003 Boumerdès earthquake Passage: The 2003 Boumerdès earthquake occurred on May 21 at in northern Algeria. The shock had a moment magnitude of 6.8 and a maximum Mercalli intensity of X ("Extreme"). The epicentre of the earthquake was located near the town of Thénia in Boumerdès Province, approximately 60 km east of the capital Algiers. The quake was the strongest to hit Algeria in more than twenty years – since 1980, when a magnitude 7.1 earthquake resulted in at least 2,633 deaths. Title: New Delhi Passage: New Delhi has a population of 249,998. Hindi and Punjabi are the most widely spoken languages in New Delhi and the lingua franca of the city. English is primarily used as the formal language by business and government institutes. New Delhi has a literacy rate of 89.38% according to 2011 census, which is highest in Delhi. Title: Guam Passage: The island of Guam is 30 miles (50 km) long and 4 to 12 miles (6 to 19 km) wide, 3⁄4 the size of Singapore. The island experiences occasional earthquakes due to its location on the western edge of the Pacific Plate and near the Philippine Sea Plate. In recent years, earthquakes with epicenters near Guam have had magnitudes ranging from 5.0 to 8.7. Unlike the Anatahan volcano in the Northern Mariana Islands, Guam is not volcanically active. However, due to its proximity to Anatahan, vog (i.e. volcanic smog) does occasionally affect Guam.	[ "New Delhi" ]
Where can you find the show named the original broadcaster of The Kudlow Report and ended with Tonight?	CNBC Asia	[]	Title: Jay Leno's Garage Passage: Jay Leno's Garage is an American web and television series about motor vehicles, primarily cars and motorbikes starring Jay Leno, the former host of "The Tonight Show". Originally a web series for NBC.com, a special aired on CNBC in August 2014 and the show became a weekly prime-time series on the channel in 2015. Title: Business Tonight Passage: Business Tonight is a business news talk show on CNBC until c. October 1997. The show was hosted by Sue Herera. Title: The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon Passage: The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon is an American late-night talk show hosted by Jimmy Fallon, on NBC. The show premiered on February 17, 2014, and is produced by Broadway Video and Universal Television. It is the seventh incarnation of NBC's long-running "Tonight Show" franchise, with Fallon serving as the sixth host. The show also stars sidekick and announcer Steve Higgins and house band The Roots. "The Tonight Show" is produced by Katie Hockmeyer and executive-produced by Lorne Michaels. The show records from Studio 6B in Rockefeller Center, New York City. This was where "The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson" was filmed until 1972. Title: The Kudlow Report Passage: The Kudlow Report was a news television program about business and politics hosted by Larry Kudlow, that aired on the CNBC television channel at 7pm ET until March 28, 2014. The show began airing on January 26, 2009. It is a successor to "Kudlow & Company", which aired from 2005 until October 2008. "Kudlow & Company" was a spinoff of the show "Kudlow & Cramer" which Kudlow co-hosted from 2002 to 2005. "Kudlow & Cramer" was called "America Now" from 2001 to 2002. Title: The Krypton Factor Passage: The Krypton Factor is a British game show produced by Granada Television for broadcast on ITV. The show originally ran from 7 September 1977 to 20 November 1995, and was hosted by Gordon Burns and usually broadcast on the ITV network on Mondays at 7pm. Title: The View (talk show) Passage: In January 2015, it was reported that the show's viewership was down nine percent among its target demographic of women 25 -- 54. In August, it was reported that season 20 of the series averaged 2.816 million total viewers per episode, marking its most watched season in three years while also becoming the only broadcast daytime show to grow its overall audience from the previous season. Title: TV Nation Passage: TV Nation was a satirical news magazine television series written, co-produced, directed and hosted by Michael Moore that was co-funded and originally broadcast by NBC in the United States and BBC2 in the United Kingdom. The show blended humor and journalism into provocative reports about various issues. After moving to Fox for its second (and final) season, the show won an Emmy Award in 1995 for Outstanding Informational Series. Title: The Tonight Show Passage: The Tonight Show began broadcasting in 1954. It has had six official hosts, beginning with Steve Allen (1954 -- 57), followed by Jack Paar (1957 -- 62), Johnny Carson (1962 -- 92), Jay Leno (1992 -- 2009, 2010 -- 14), Conan O'Brien (2009 -- 10), and Jimmy Fallon (2014 -- present). It has had several recurring guest hosts, a practice especially common during the Paar and Carson eras. Title: Xposé Passage: The show's format is similar to that of American celebrity news and gossip programmes, such as "E! News" and "Entertainment Tonight", covering events and celebrities in the entertainment industry. It is produced in-house by TV3 with a team of reporters conducting the interviews and attending various events. On rare occasions guests may appear in the studio. "Xposé" primarily focuses on celebrity life in Ireland and around the world. Reporters cover home events including top awards ceremonies, film premieres, rock and pop concerts, fashion shows and interviews with Irish and international stars. Title: Time Warner Center Passage: The complex is also home to three entertainment areas. CNN's studios in the Time Warner Center, are one of the network's three primary broadcast sites (along with facilities in Washington, D.C. and Los Angeles). Shows which originate from the New York facility include Anderson Cooper 360 ° and Erin Burnett OutFront. CNN's Jeanne Moos, known for her offbeat ``man on the street ''reporting, frequently accosts her interview subjects just outside the building. In 2005, Jazz at Lincoln Center announced a partnership with XM Satellite Radio which gave XM studio space at Frederick P. Rose Hall to broadcast both daily jazz programming and special events such as the Artist Confidential show featuring Carlos Santana. Anderson Cooper's daytime talk show, Anderson recorded in Jazz at Lincoln Center's The Allen Room for a year before moving elsewhere. Title: Télématin Passage: Télématin is a French breakfast television news show, broadcast on France 2 since January 7, 1985. It is broadcast in Metropolitan France weekdays from 6:30 to 9:00 am CET. TV5 broadcast the show in Canada in its entirety until September 2011: it now shows a 90 minute version between 6:30 and 8:00 am Eastern Time, when the French original version is now 2h30 long. Title: A Brush with Fame Passage: A Brush with Fame is a light hearted ITV daytime television show, featuring a nationwide search to find Britain's best amateur portrait painter. It was presented by Carol Smillie, and the last episode was broadcast on 11 November 2005. Title: Kudlow & Cramer Passage: Kudlow & Cramer was an American business and politics television program hosted by conservative Lawrence Kudlow and liberal Jim Cramer, which aired weekdays from 2002 to 2005 on CNBC. The program initially ran at 8 PM Eastern Time, taking over the time slot of "Hardball with Chris Matthews" (which moved to sister channel MSNBC), but later moved to the 5 PM slot. Title: MasterChef Colombia Passage: MasterChef Colombia is a Colombian competitive cooking reality show that broadcast by RCN Televisión since January 14, 2015. It is based on the original British television show "MasterChef". Title: The Joey Bishop Show (talk show) Passage: The Joey Bishop Show is an American talk show that had its first broadcast on ABC on April 17, 1967, hosted by Joey Bishop and featuring Regis Philbin in his first ongoing role with national television exposure, as Bishop's sidekick/announcer (similar to Ed McMahon's job with Johnny Carson). Created to challenge "The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson", the show lasted 33 months, with the last show airing on December 26, 1969. Title: Europe Tonight Passage: Europe Tonight is an evening television business news programme which was broadcast on CNBC Europe from 2004 to 2009. The programme was most recently presented by Guy Johnson and Anna Edwards. Title: Dancing Tonight Passage: "Dancing Tonight" is a single by American singer Kat DeLuna, the fourth single from her second studio album "Inside Out". The original title of the song was in fact "We'll Be Dancing", with the original top-line conceptualized and written by Sebastian La'Mar Jones. Jones then brought aboard Dallas Diamond, a then college student and friend enrolled at Full Sail University, to help finish the record. "Dancing Tonight" was produced by EightySix. Title: The Dotty Mack Show Passage: The Dotty Mack Show is an American variety show originally broadcast on the now defunct DuMont Television Network in 1953, and on ABC from 1953 to 1956. Title: CNBC Tonight Passage: CNBC Tonight is a weeknight business news programme broadcast live from 1800 - 2000 HK/SG/TWN time on CNBC Asia from 16 February 2005 to 16 December 2005. It took the timeslot vacated by 3 former CNBC Asia programmes, "Business Center", "The Asian Wall Street Journal" and "e". The two-hour programme combined the mix of Asian and global news headlines, corporate news and personal finance. It also featured upscale lifestyle features on travel, health, food and leisure. CNBC Tonight was co-hosted by May Lee and Teymoor Nabili. Title: Andrée's Arctic balloon expedition Passage: For the next 33 years, the fate of the expedition was shrouded in mystery and its disappearance became part of the cultural lore in Sweden and to a certain extent elsewhere. It was actively sought for a couple of years and remained the subject of myth and rumor, with frequent international newspaper reports of possible findings. An extensive archive of American newspaper reports from the first few years, 1896–1899, titled "The Mystery of Andree", shows a much richer media interest in the expedition after it disappeared than before. A great variety of fates are suggested for it, inspired by finds, or reported finds, of remnants of what might be a balloon basket or great amounts of balloon silk, or by stories of men falling from the sky, or visions by psychics, all of which would typically locate the stranded balloon far from Danes Island and Svalbard.Lundström points out that some of the international and national reports took on the features of urban legends. They reflected a prevailing disrespect for the indigenous peoples of the Arctic, who were portrayed in the newspapers as uncomprehending savages who had killed the three men or showed a deadly indifference to their plight. These speculations were refuted in 1930, upon the discovery of the expedition's final resting place on Kvitøya by the crews of two ships, the Bratvaag and the Isbjørn.	[ "The Kudlow Report", "CNBC Tonight" ]
When did the torch visit the Indian city where the Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium is located?	April 17	[]	Title: Century Lotus Stadium Passage: Century Lotus Stadium () is a multi-purpose stadium in Foshan, China. It is currently used mostly for football matches. The stadium holds 36,686 people and was built in 2005. It hosted a first round match between China and Myanmar during 2010 FIFA World Cup qualifying. This building has a design similar to the reconstructed Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium, Delhi built by the same designers. Title: 2008 Summer Olympics torch relay Passage: After being lit at the birthplace of the Olympic Games in Olympia, Greece on March 24, the torch traveled to the Panathinaiko Stadium in Athens, and then to Beijing, arriving on March 31. From Beijing, the torch was following a route passing through six continents. The torch has visited cities along the Silk Road, symbolizing ancient links between China and the rest of the world. The relay also included an ascent with the flame to the top of Mount Everest on the border of Nepal and Tibet, China from the Chinese side, which was closed specially for the event. Title: Constituent Assembly of India Passage: The Assembly met for the first time in New Delhi on 9 December 1946, and its last session was held on 24 January 1950. The hope of the Assembly was expressed by Jawaharlal Nehru: Title: Swatantra Party Passage: The Swatantra Party was an Indian classical liberal political party that existed from 1959 to 1974. It was founded by C. Rajagopalachari in reaction to what he felt was the Jawaharlal Nehru-dominated Indian National Congress's increasingly socialist and statist outlook. Title: Shiv Dutt Upadhyaya Passage: Shiv Dutt Upadhyaya, was born in Dwarahat district of Almora in Uttarakhand, India. He joined Pandit Motilal Nehru as his personal secretary in 1923. After the death of Pandit Motilal Nehru, he was retained by Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru, with whom he remained associated till the latter's death. Upadhyaya was elected to the Lok Sabha from the Satna constituency in the erstwhile Vindhya Pradesh in 1952. He was re-elected to Lok Sabha in 1957 and 1962 from Rewa in Madhya Pradesh. In 1967 he was elected unopposed to the Rajya Sabha. He was awarded the Padmasri in 1983. He remained closely associated with the Nehru-Gandhi family right from 1923 till his death in 1984 and finds mention in Jawaharlal Nehru's Last Will & Testament. Title: New Delhi Passage: Major sporting venues in New Delhi include the Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium, Ambedkar Stadium, Indira Gandhi Indoor Stadium, Feroz Shah Kotla Ground, R.K. Khanna Tennis Complex, Dhyan Chand National Stadium and Siri Fort Sports Complex. Title: Jawaharlal Nehru Passage: Jawaharlal Nehru (; ; 14 November 1889 – 27 May 1964) was an Indian independence activist, and subsequently, the first Prime Minister of India and a central figure in Indian politics before and after independence. He emerged as an eminent leader of the Indian independence movement under the tutelage of Mahatma Gandhi and served India as Prime Minister from its establishment as an independent nation in 1947 until his death in 1964. He has been described by the Amar Chitra Katha as the architect of India. He was also known as Pandit Nehru due to his roots with the Kashmiri Pandit community while Indian children knew him as "Chacha Nehru" (Hindi, lit., "Uncle Nehru"). Title: Five-Year Plans of India Passage: The first Indian Prime Minister, Jawaharlal Nehru presented the First Five - Year Plan to the Parliament of India and needed urgent attention. The First Five - year Plan was launched in 1951 which mainly focused in development of the primary sector. The First Five - Year Plan was based on the Harrod -- Domar model with few modifications. Title: Aye Mere Watan Ke Logo Passage: ``Aye Mere Watan Ke Logo ''(Hindi: ऐ मेरे वतन के लोगो;`` O 'people of my country'') is a Hindi patriotic song written by Kavi Pradeep, composed by C. Ramchandra, and performed by Lata Mangeshkar. The song commemorates Indian soldiers who died during the Sino - Indian War in 1962. The song was first performed live by Mangeshkar on 27 January 1963 at the National Stadium in New Delhi in the presence of President Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan and Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru, on account of Republic Day (26 January) 1963, which was just two months after the end of the war. Title: Children's Day (India) Passage: The celebration of Children's Day in India has its roots back to 1959. Prior to the death of Jawaharlal Nehru, India is celebrating Children's Day on November 20 (the date observed as Universal Children's Day by the United Nations). After the death of Jawaharlal Nehru in 1964, it was unanimously decided to celebrate his birthday as or Children's Day in India. Title: Indira Gandhi Passage: Indira Priyadarshini Gandhi (Hindustani: (ˈɪnːdɪrə ˈɡaːnd̪ɦi) (listen); née Nehru; 19 November 1917 -- 31 October 1984) was an Indian stateswoman and central figure of the Indian National Congress. She was the first and, to date, the only female Prime Minister of India. Indira Gandhi belonged to the Nehru -- Gandhi family and was the daughter of Jawaharlal Nehru, the first Indian prime minister. Despite her surname Gandhi, she is not related to the family of Mahatma Gandhi. She served as Prime Minister from January 1966 to March 1977 and again from January 1980 until her assassination in October 1984, making her the second longest - serving Indian prime minister after her father. Title: 1951–52 Indian general election Passage: Indian general election, 1951 ← 1945 25 October 1951 to 21 February 1952 1957 → All 489 seats in the Lok Sabha 245 seats were needed for a majority First party Second party Leader Jawaharlal Nehru Shripad Amrit Dange Party INC CPI Leader's seat Phulpur Bombay City North Seats won 364 16 Popular vote 47,665,875 3,484,401 Percentage 44.99% 3.29% Prime Minister before election Jawaharlal Nehru INC Subsequent Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru INC Title: 2018 Winter Olympics torch relay Passage: The 2018 Winter Olympics torch relay began 24 October 2017 and ended on 9 February 2018, in advance of the 2018 Winter Olympics. After being lit in Olympia, Greece, the torch traveled to Athens on 31 October. The torch began its Korean journey on 1 November, visiting all Regions of Korea. The Korean leg began in Incheon: the torch travelled across the country for 101 days. 7,500 relay runners participated in the torch relay over a distance of 2,017 km. The torchbearers each carried the flame for 200 metres. The relay ended in Pyeongchang's Olympic Stadium, the main venue of the 2018 Olympics. The final torch was lit by figure skater Yuna Kim. Title: 2008 Summer Olympics torch relay Passage: India: Due to concerns about pro-Tibet protests, the relay through New Delhi on April 17 was cut to just 2.3 km (less than 1.5 miles), which was shared amongst 70 runners. It concluded at the India Gate. The event was peaceful due to the public not being allowed at the relay. A total of five intended torchbearers -Kiran Bedi, Soha Ali Khan, Sachin Tendulkar, Bhaichung Bhutia and Sunil Gavaskar- withdrew from the event, citing "personal reasons", or, in Bhutia's case, explicitly wishing to "stand by the people of Tibet and their struggle" and protest against the PRC "crackdown" in Tibet. Indian national football captain, Baichung Bhutia refused to take part in the Indian leg of the torch relay, citing concerns over Tibet. Bhutia, who is Sikkimese, is the first athlete to refuse to run with the torch. Indian film star Aamir Khan states on his personal blog that the "Olympic Games do not belong to China" and confirms taking part in the torch relay "with a prayer in his heart for the people of Tibet, and ... for all people across the world who are victims of human rights violations". Rahul Gandhi, son of the Congress President Sonia Gandhi and scion of the Nehru-Gandhi family, also refused to carry the torch. Title: Tata Centre Passage: Tata Centre is a high-rise located in Kolkata, India. It is located in the central business district of the city beside Jawaharlal Nehru Road. Title: Jawaharlal Nehru Passage: Jawaharlal Nehru (; Hindi: [ˈdʒəʋaːɦərˈlaːl ˈneːɦru] (listen); 14 November 1889 – 27 May 1964) was an Indian independence activist, and subsequently, the first Prime Minister of India and a central figure in Indian politics before and after independence. He emerged as an eminent leader of the Indian independence movement under the tutelage of Mahatma Gandhi and served India as Prime Minister from its establishment as an independent nation in 1947 until his death in 1964. He has been described by the Amar Chitra Katha as the architect of India. He was also known as Pandit Nehru due to his roots with the Kashmiri Pandit community while Indian children knew him as Chacha Nehru (Hindi, lit., "Uncle Nehru").The son of Motilal Nehru, a prominent lawyer and nationalist statesman and Swaroop Rani, Nehru was a graduate of Trinity College, Cambridge and the Inner Temple, where he trained to be a barrister. Upon his return to India, he enrolled at the Allahabad High Court and took an interest in national politics, which eventually replaced his legal practice. A committed nationalist since his teenage years, he became a rising figure in Indian politics during the upheavals of the 1910s. He became the prominent leader of the left-wing factions of the Indian National Congress during the 1920s, and eventually of the entire Congress, with the tacit approval of his mentor, Gandhi. As Congress President in 1929, Nehru called for complete independence from the British Raj and instigated the Congress's decisive shift towards the left. Title: Jallianwala Bagh massacre Passage: A trust was founded in 1920 to build a memorial at the site after a resolution was passed by the Indian National Congress. In 1923, the trust purchased land for the project. A memorial, designed by American architect Benjamin Polk, was built on the site and inaugurated by President of India Rajendra Prasad on 13 April 1961, in the presence of Jawaharlal Nehru and other leaders. A flame was later added to the site. Title: Constituent Assembly of India Passage: Drafting Committee -- Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Union Powers Committee -- Jawaharlal Nehru Union Constitution Committee -- Jawaharlal Nehru Provincial Constitution Committee -- Sardar Patel Advisory Committee on Fundamental Rights, Minorities and Tribal and Excluded Areas -- Sardar Patel. This committee had the following subcommittees: Fundamental Rights Sub-Committee -- J.B. Kripalani Minorities Sub-Committee -- Harendra Coomar Mookerjee, North - East Frontier Tribal Areas and Assam Excluded & Partially Excluded Areas Sub-Committee -- Gopinath Bardoloi Excluded and Partially Excluded Areas (Other than those in Assam) Sub-Committee -- A.V. Thakkar Rules of Procedure Committee -- Dr. Rajendra Prasad States Committee (Committee for Negotiating with States) -- Jawaharlal Nehru Steering Committee -- Dr. Rajendra Prasad Title: Aye Mere Watan Ke Logo Passage: ``Aye Mere Watan Ke Logo ''(Hindi: ऐ मेरे वतन के लोगों;`` O 'people of my country'') is a Hindi patriotic song written by Kavi Pradeep, composed by C. Ramchandra, and performed by Lata Mangeshkar. The song commemorates Indian soldiers who died during the Sino - Indian War in 1962. The song was first performed live by Mangeshkar on 27 January 1963 at the National Stadium in New Delhi in the presence of President Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan and Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru, on account of Republic Day (26 January) 1963, which was just two months after the end of the war. Title: Indian Institutes of Management Passage: The Indian Institutes of Management (IIMs) are a group of 20 public, autonomous institutes of management education and research in India. They primarily offer postgraduate, doctoral and executive education programmes. The establishment of IIMs was initiated by Jawaharlal Nehru, the first Prime Minister of India, based on the recommendation of the Planning Commission.	[ "New Delhi", "2008 Summer Olympics torch relay" ]
What did the publisher of Picopict primarily rely on for its support?	first-party games	[]	Title: Corriere Canadese Passage: Corriere Canadese ("The Canadian Courier") is an Italian-language daily newspaper published in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. The publication is distributed exclusively in Ontario and Quebec, primarily throughout the Greater Toronto and the Greater Montreal areas. Title: Military history of the United States Passage: The War on Terrorism is a global effort by the governments of several countries (primarily the United States and its principal allies) to neutralize international terrorist groups (primarily Islamic Extremist terrorist groups, including al-Qaeda) and ensure that countries considered by the US and some of its allies to be Rogue Nations no longer support terrorist activities. It has been adopted primarily as a response to the September 11, 2001 attacks on the United States. Since 2001, terrorist motivated attacks upon service members have occurred in Arkansas and Texas. Title: Axelay Passage: Axelay (アクスレイ, "Akusurei") is a 1992 scrolling shooter video game developed and published by Konami of Japan for the Super Nintendo Entertainment System. Taro Kudo primarily composed the game's soundtrack. Title: Raising Hope Passage: James ``Jimmy ''Chance is a 23 - year old, living in the surreal fictional town of Natesville, who impregnates a serial killer during a one - night stand. Earning custody of his daughter, Hope, after the mother is sentenced to death, Jimmy relies on his oddball but well - intentioned family for support in raising the child. Title: Picopict Passage: "Picopict" was an anticipated release due to its presentation. Since its release, "Picopict" has received a very positive reception from publications such as IGN, GameSpy, and writer Stephen Totilo. It was nominated for best DS puzzle game of the year from IGN and won best DSiWare game of the year from Nintendo Life. It had critics, including Pocket Gamer and GameSpot, the latter finding it too difficult and imprecise. A fellow developer of downloadable video games, Gaijin Games, praised it for its gameplay and presentation. It received some attention in sales, appearing on the DSiWare's top 20 best-selling games chart for several weeks following its release, peaking at 10. It has been compared to "Tetris" by several people, though UGO's Paul Furfari bemoaned such a comparison, saying that its presentation set it apart. Title: ABC of Reading Passage: ABC of Reading is a book by Ezra Pound published in 1934. In it, Pound sets out an approach by which one may come to appreciate and understand literature (focusing primarily on poetry). Title: Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol Passage: In computer networking, Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol (L2TP) is a tunneling protocol used to support virtual private networks (VPNs) or as part of the delivery of services by ISPs. It does not provide any encryption or confidentiality by itself. Rather, it relies on an encryption protocol that it passes within the tunnel to provide privacy. Title: Buganda Agreement (1900) Passage: The agreement was signed by Buganda's Katikiro Sir Apolo Kagwa, on the behalf of the Kabaka (Daudi Chwa) who was at that time an infant, and Sir Harry Johnston on the behalf of the British colonial government. The agreement solidified the power of the largely Protestant 'Bakungu' client - chiefs, led by Kagwa. London sent only a few officials to administer the country, relying primarily on the Bakungu chiefs. For decades they were preferred because of their political skills, their Christianity, their friendly relations with the British, There are their ability to collect taxes, and the proximity of Entebbe (the Uganda capital) was close to the Buganda capital. By the 1920s the British administrators were more confident, and have less need for military or administrative support. Title: Alec Forbes of Howglen Passage: Alec Forbes of Howglen is a novel by George MacDonald, first published in 1865 and is primarily concerned with Scottish country life. Title: Sandarbh Passage: Sandarbh is a bimonthly magazine on science and education in Hindi published since September, 1994 in Bhopal, India. It is published by Eklavya foundation, a non-profit, non-governmental organization that focuses on children's education. "Sandarbh" primarily serves as a resource on a variety of topics for teachers and students in primary, middle, and high schools. Title: National Zoo of Malaysia Passage: The National Zoo () is a zoo in Malaysia located on of land in Ulu Klang, Gombak District, Selangor, Malaysia. It was officially opened on 14 November 1963 by the country's first prime minister, Tunku Abdul Rahman. The park is managed by a non-governmental organisation known as the Malaysian Zoological Society. For funding, Zoo Negara relies on gate collections and on support from donors and sponsors. Title: Grand dictionnaire universel du XIXe siècle Passage: The Grand dictionnaire universel du XIXe siècle ("Great Universal Dictionary of the 19th Century"), often called the Grand Larousse du dix-neuvième, is a French encyclopedic dictionary. It was planned, directed, published, and to a substantial degree written by Pierre Larousse, though he also relied on anonymous fellow contributors and though he died in 1875, before its completion. The publication of the "Grand dictionnaire universel" in 15 volumes of 1500 pages extended from 1866 to 1876. Two supplements were published in 1877 and 1890. Title: New media Passage: Until the 1980s media relied primarily upon print and analog broadcast models, such as those of television and radio. The last twenty - five years have seen the rapid transformation into media which are predicated upon the use of digital technologies, such as the Internet and video games. However, these examples are only a small representation of new media. The use of digital computers has transformed the remaining 'old' media, as suggested by the advent of digital television and online publications. Even traditional media forms such as the printing press have been transformed through the application of technologies such as image manipulation software like Adobe Photoshop and desktop publishing tools. Title: Nintendo Entertainment System Passage: In the longer run, however, with the NES near its end of its life many third-party publishers such as Electronic Arts supported upstart competing consoles with less strict licensing terms such as the Sega Genesis and then the PlayStation, which eroded and then took over Nintendo's dominance in the home console market, respectively. Consoles from Nintendo's rivals in the post-SNES era had always enjoyed much stronger third-party support than Nintendo, which relied more heavily on first-party games. Title: The Black Prince (play) Passage: The Black Prince is a Restoration era stage play, a historical tragedy written by Roger Boyle, 1st Earl of Orrery. It premiered on stage in 1667 and was first published in 1669. The play relied on influences from contemporaneous French theatre, and contributed to the evolution of the subgenre of heroic drama; yet it also looked back to the Caroline era to assimilate masque-like dramatic effects. Title: Supportive Care in Cancer Passage: Supportive Care in Cancer is a monthly peer-reviewed medical journal covering research on cancer care. It is published by Springer Science+Business Media on behalf of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer. Title: American Speech Passage: American Speech is a quarterly academic journal of the American Dialect Society, established in 1925 and published by Duke University Press. It focuses primarily on the English language used in the Western Hemisphere, but also publishes contributions on other varieties of English, outside influences on the language, and linguistic theory. Title: Protestantism Passage: In a factor analysis of the latest wave of World Values Survey data, Arno Tausch (Corvinus University of Budapest) found that Protestantism emerges to be very close to combining religion and the traditions of liberalism. The Global Value Development Index, calculated by Tausch, relies on the World Values Survey dimensions such as trust in the state of law, no support for shadow economy, postmaterial activism, support for democracy, a non-acceptance of violence, xenophobia and racism, trust in transnational capital and Universities, confidence in the market economy, supporting gender justice, and engaging in environmental activism, etc. Title: History of the domestic sheep Passage: The history of the domesticated sheep goes back to between 11000 and 9000 BC, and the domestication of the wild mouflon in ancient Mesopotamia. Sheep are among the first animals to have been domesticated by humans, and there is evidence of sheep farming in Iranian statuary dating to that time period. These sheep were primarily raised for meat, milk, and skins. Woolly sheep began to be developed around 6000 BC in Iran, and cultures such as the Persians relied on sheep's wool for trading. They were then imported to Africa and Europe via trading. Title: Dover Publications Passage: Dover Publications, also known as Dover Books, is an American book publisher founded in 1941 by Hayward Cirker and his wife, Blanche. It primarily publishes reissues, books no longer published by their original publishers. These are often, but not always, books in the public domain. The original published editions may be scarce or historically significant. Dover republishes these books, making them available at a significantly reduced cost.	[ "Nintendo Entertainment System", "Picopict" ]
How many NFL MVPs has the player with the most Super Bowl MVPs won?	3	[]	Title: Eli Manning Passage: Manning holds Giants franchise records for most passing yards, touchdown passes, and completed passes in a career, and the NFL record for most fourth - quarter touchdown passes in a season. He led the Giants to victory in Super Bowls XLII and XLVI, defeating the New England Patriots in both games. Manning was named Most Valuable Player in each Super Bowl, becoming one of five players to have multiple Super Bowl MVP awards (Bart Starr and Terry Bradshaw also have two, Joe Montana three and Tom Brady four). Title: John Elway Passage: After two more Super Bowl losses, the Broncos entered a period of decline; however, that ended during the 1997 season, as Elway and Denver won their first Super Bowl title by defeating the Green Bay Packers 31 -- 24 in Super Bowl XXXII. The Broncos repeated as champions the following season in Super Bowl XXXIII by defeating the Atlanta Falcons 34 -- 19. Elway was voted MVP of that Super Bowl, which was the last game of his career, and in doing so Elway set a then - record five Super Bowl starts which was broken in February 2015 when Tom Brady of the New England Patriots started Super Bowl XLIX. As Denver's quarterback, Elway led his teams to six AFC Championship Games and five Super Bowls, winning two. After his retirement as a player, he served as general manager and executive vice president of football operations of the Broncos, which won four division titles, two AFC Championships, and Super Bowl 50 during his tenure. Elway has been a member of the Broncos organization for all three of their Super Bowl victories, two as a player and one as an executive. Title: Green Bay Packers Passage: The Packers have won 13 league championships, the most in NFL history, with nine pre-Super Bowl NFL titles in addition to four Super Bowl victories. The Packers won the first two Super Bowls in 1967 and 1968 and were the only NFL team to defeat the American Football League (AFL) prior to the AFL -- NFL merger. The Vince Lombardi Trophy is named after the Packers' coach Lombardi, who guided them to their first two Super Bowls. Their two additional Super Bowl wins came in the 1996 and 2010 seasons. Title: Chuck Howley Passage: Charles Louis Howley (born June 28, 1936) is a former American football linebacker who played in the National Football League (NFL) for 15 seasons, primarily with the Dallas Cowboys. Howley was a member of the Chicago Bears in his first two seasons and spent the remainder of his career with the Cowboys. He was named the MVP of Super Bowl V and is the only player on a losing team to receive the award. Title: Brigham Young University Passage: A number of BYU alumni have found success in professional sports, representing the University in 7 MLB World Series, 5 NBA Finals, and 25 NFL Super Bowls. In baseball, BYU alumni include All-Stars Rick Aguilera '83, Wally Joyner '84, and Jack Morris '76. Professional basketball players include three-time NBA champion Danny Ainge '81, 1952 NBA Rookie of the Year and 4-time NBA All-Star Mel Hutchins '51,[citation needed] three-time Olympic medalist and Hall of Famer Krešimir Ćosić '73, and consensus 2011 national college player of the year Jimmer Fredette '11, currently with the New York Knicks organization. BYU also claims notable professional football players including two-time NFL MVP and Super Bowl MVP and Pro Football Hall of Fame quarterback Steve Young '84 & J.D. '96, Heisman Trophy winner Ty Detmer '90, and two-time Super Bowl winner Jim McMahon. In golf, BYU alumni include two major championship winners: Johnny Miller ('69) at the 1973 U.S. Open and 1976 British Open and Mike Weir ('92) at the 2003 Masters. Title: Tom Brady Passage: In his second season, Brady took over as the starting quarterback after Drew Bledsoe was injured. He led the Patriots to first place in the AFC East and a victory over the favored St. Louis Rams in Super Bowl XXXVI, winning his first Super Bowl MVP award. Despite the Patriots' missing the playoffs the following season, Brady would then lead them to back - to - back World Championships in 2003 and 2004, winning Super Bowl MVP honors again in 2003. Along the way, the Patriots won an NFL - record 21 consecutive games (including the playoffs) between the 2003 and 2004 seasons. The 2005 season was Brady's first to throw for 4,000 yards and lead the NFL in passing. That postseason, Brady would win his 10th consecutive playoff game, another NFL postseason record. Title: New York Giants Passage: The Giants were one of five teams that joined the NFL in 1925, and is the only one of that group still existing, as well as the league's longest - established team in the Northeastern United States. The team ranks third among all NFL franchises with eight NFL championship titles: four in the pre -- Super Bowl era (1927, 1934, 1938, 1956) and four since the advent of the Super Bowl (Super Bowls XXI (1986), XXV (1990), XLII (2007), and XLVI (2011)), along with more championship appearances than any other team, with 19 overall appearances. Their championship tally is surpassed only by the Green Bay Packers (13) and Chicago Bears (9). Throughout their history, the Giants have featured 28 Hall of Fame players, including NFL Most Valuable Player (MVP) award winners Mel Hein, Frank Gifford, Y.A. Tittle, and Lawrence Taylor. Title: History of the Philadelphia Eagles Passage: The history of the Philadelphia Eagles begins in 1933. In their history, the Eagles have appeared in the Super Bowl three times, losing in their first two appearances but winning the third, in 2018. They won three NFL Championships, the precursor to the Super Bowl, in four appearances. Title: List of Super Bowl champions Passage: Before the 1970 merger between the American Football League (AFL) and the National Football League (NFL), the two leagues met in four such contests. The first two were marketed as the ``AFL -- NFL World Championship Game '', but were also casually referred to as`` the Super Bowl game'' during the television broadcast. Super Bowl III in January 1969 was the first such game that carried the ``Super Bowl ''moniker in official marketing, the names`` Super Bowl I'' and ``Super Bowl II ''were retroactively applied to the first two games. The NFC / NFL leads in Super Bowl wins with 26, while the AFC / AFL has won 25. Nineteen different franchises, including teams that relocated to another city, have won the Super Bowl. Title: Peyton Manning Passage: The most commonly cited criticism of Manning's professional career is that despite great success and gaudy statistics during the regular season, he did not enjoy similar levels of success in the post-season. His career post-season record as a starter was a more modest 14 - 13, compared to his regular season record through the 2015 season which was 186 - 79. Manning won two Super Bowls (Super Bowl XLI and Super Bowl 50) and played in two others (Super Bowl XLIV and Super Bowl XLVIII), being named MVP of XLI, while losing XLIV in an upset, and managing just one successful touchdown drive in each of XLVIII and 50. During the early part of Manning's career, ``his record - breaking stats were written off because of the Colts' postseason failures ''; conversely he posted poor statistics in the 2015 regular season and Super Bowl 50, which would be his final season, but nonetheless won his second Super Bowl thanks to his team's defense. Manning is also the only quarterback in NFL history to make the Super Bowl four times with four different head coaches (Dungy, Caldwell, Fox, and Kubiak). Title: Sherman Williams (American football) Passage: Sherman Williams No. 20 Position: Running back Born: (1973 - 08 - 13) August 13, 1973 (age 45) Mobile, Alabama Height: 5 ft 8 in (1.73 m) Weight: 202 lb (92 kg) Career information High school: Prichard (AL) Blount College: Alabama NFL Draft: 1995 / Round: 2 / Pick: 46 Career history Dallas Cowboys (1995 -- 1999) Career highlights and awards All - SEC (1994) Second - team All - American (1994) Florida Citrus Bowl MVP (1995) Super Bowl champion (XXX) Career NFL statistics Games played: 60 Rushing yards: 1,162 Rush Attempts: 302 Rushing TDs: 4 Receptions: 40 Player stats at NFL.com Player stats at PFR Title: Doug Williams (quarterback) Passage: Douglas Lee Williams (born August 9, 1955) is a former American football quarterback and former head coach of the Grambling State Tigers football team. Williams is known for his remarkable performance with the Washington Redskins in Super Bowl XXII. Williams, who was named the Super Bowl MVP, passed for a Super Bowl record 340 yards and four touchdowns, with one interception. He was the first African - American starting quarterback to win a Super Bowl. Williams also became the first player in Super Bowl history to pass for four touchdowns in a single quarter, and four in a half. Williams is now a team executive for the Redskins, being hired for that role in 2014. Title: List of NFL franchise post-season droughts Passage: Of the 12 teams that have never won the Super Bowl, four (4) are expansion franchises younger than the Super Bowl itself (Bengals, Panthers, Jaguars, and the Texans). The Falcons began playing during the season in which the Super Bowl was first played. The seven (7) other clubs (Cardinals, Lions, Oilers / Titans, Chargers, Browns, Bills, and Vikings) all won an NFL or AFL championship prior to the AFL -- NFL merger; in the case of the Vikings, however, the Super Bowl existed at the time they won their league title, leaving them and the Falcons as the only two teams to have existed for as long as or longer than the Super Bowl that have never secured the highest championship available to them. The longest drought since a championship of any kind is that of the Cardinals, at 69 seasons. Title: Cowboys–Steelers rivalry Passage: The Steelers have remained competitive since and have won two more Super Bowls (Super Bowl XL, Super Bowl XLIII) and losing one (Super Bowl XLV) while the Cowboys have not been back to the Super Bowl since Super Bowl XXX and have won only three playoff games from 1996 onward. The two teams have only met four times since the 1998 NFL season. The Steelers defeated the Cowboys in the first two games, winning 24 -- 20 in 2004 and 20 -- 13 in 2008. The Cowboys then defeated the Steelers in 2012 by a 27 -- 24 margin in overtime and again in 2016 by a 35 -- 30 margin. Title: Peyton Manning Passage: Manning holds many NFL records, including touchdown passes (539), AP MVP awards (5), Pro Bowl appearances (14), 4,000 - yard passing seasons (14), single - season passing yards (5,477 in 2013), single - season passing touchdowns (55 in 2013), and is second in career passing yards (71,940). A two - time Super Bowl winner and the most valuable player of Super Bowl XLI, Manning is also the only quarterback to start the Super Bowl for two franchises more than once each, with different coaches at each Super Bowl start (Dungy, Caldwell, Fox, Kubiak), and the only starting quarterback to win a Super Bowl with two franchises. At 39 years of age, Manning was the oldest quarterback to start in and win a Super Bowl, a feat matched the following year by Tom Brady. Manning is still technically the oldest to win a Super Bowl when months and days are taken into account, given that his birthday is in March and Brady's is in August. Title: Tyrone Brazelton Passage: Tyrone Brazelton (born March 30, 1986) is an American professional basketball player for Ifaistos Limnou of the Greek Basket League. He plays at the point guard position. He won a Polish Championship in 2009 with the club Prokom. On October 2, 2016 Brazelton won the Polish Super-Cup and was named the MVP. Title: Green Bay Packers Passage: After finishing the regular season 10 -- 6 the Packers clinched the No. 6 seed in the NFC playoffs. They first faced No. 3 seeded Philadelphia, winning 21 -- 16. In the Divisional round, they defeated No. 1 seeded Atlanta 48 -- 21. They then played the Chicago Bears at Soldier Field in the NFC Championship Game -- only the second playoff meeting between the two storied rivals (the other a 33 -- 14 Chicago victory which sent them to the 1941 NFL Championship Game). Green Bay won 21 -- 14 to move on to Super Bowl XLV. On February 6, 2011, they defeated the AFC champion Pittsburgh Steelers 31 -- 25, becoming the first No. 6 seed from the NFC to win a Super Bowl. Aaron Rodgers was named Super Bowl MVP. Title: Super Bowl Most Valuable Player Award Passage: Tom Brady is the only player to have won four Super Bowl MVP awards; Joe Montana has won three and three others -- Starr, Terry Bradshaw, and Eli Manning -- have won the award twice. Starr and Bradshaw are the only ones to have won it in back - to - back years. The MVP has come from the winning team every year except 1971, when Dallas Cowboys linebacker Chuck Howley won the award despite the Cowboys' loss in Super Bowl V to the Baltimore Colts. Harvey Martin and Randy White were named co-MVPs of Super Bowl XII, the only time co-MVPs have been chosen. Including the Super Bowl XII co-MVPs, seven Cowboys players have won Super Bowl MVP awards, the most of any NFL team. Quarterbacks have earned the honor 29 times in 52 games. Title: Philadelphia Eagles Passage: The Philadelphia Eagles are a professional American football franchise based in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The Eagles compete in the National Football League (NFL) as a member club of the league's National Football Conference (NFC) East division. They are Super Bowl champions, having won Super Bowl LII, their fourth NFL title, after winning in 1948, 1949, and 1960. Title: Tom Brady Passage: Tom Brady Brady in 2016 No. 12 -- New England Patriots Position: Quarterback Born: (1977 - 08 - 03) August 3, 1977 (age 40) San Mateo, California Height: 6 ft 4 in (1.93 m) Weight: 225 lb (102 kg) Career information High school: San Mateo (CA) Junípero Serra College: Michigan NFL Draft: 2000 / Round: 6 / Pick: 199 Career history New England Patriots (2000 -- present) Roster status: Active Career highlights and awards 5 × Super Bowl champion (XXXVI, XXXVIII, XXXIX, XLIX, LI) 4 × Super Bowl MVP (XXXVI, XXXVIII, XLIX, LI) 3 × NFL Most Valuable Player (2007, 2010, 2017) 13 × Pro Bowl (2001, 2004, 2005, 2007, 2009 -- 2017) 5 × First - team All - Pro (2007, 2010, 2012, 2016, 2017) Second - team All - Pro (2005) 2 × NFL Offensive Player of the Year (2007, 2010) NFL Comeback Player of the Year (2009) Bert Bell Award (2007) Associated Press Male Athlete of the Year (2007) Sports Illustrated Sportsman of the Year (2005) 3 × NFL passing yards leader (2005, 2007, 2017) 4 × NFL passing touchdowns leader (2002, 2007, 2010, 2015) 2 × NFL passer rating leader (2007, 2010) NFL 2000s All - Decade Team National champion (1997) Career NFL statistics as of Week 17, 2017 Completions: 5,629 Attempts: 8,805 Completion percentage: 63.9 TD -- INT: 488 -- 160 Passing yards: 66,159 Passer rating: 97.6 Player stats at NFL.com	[ "Tom Brady", "Super Bowl Most Valuable Player Award" ]
An institution like a German Fachhochschule is referred to by what term in Jean-Luc Vandenbroucke's birth country and the country that contributed the most to the UNFPA in 2008?	hogeschool	[]	Title: Ostfalia University of Applied Sciences Passage: Ostfalia Hochschule für angewandte Wissenschaften (German for "Eastphalia University of Applied Sciences", known as Fachhochschule Braunschweig/Wolfenbüttel until 2009), is a Fachhochschule in eastern Lower Saxony, Germany. The predecessor of the college, Staatliche Ingenieurschule Wolfenbüttel (State Engineering School Wolfenbuettel), was founded in 1928. It merged with two other independent institutions in August 1971. Title: Zhejiang Passage: The politics of Zhejiang is structured in a dual party-government system like all other governing institutions in Mainland China. The Governor of Zhejiang is the highest-ranking official in the People's Government of Zhejiang. However, in the province's dual party-government governing system, the Governor is subordinate to the Zhejiang Communist Party of China (CPC) Provincial Committee Secretary, colloquially termed the "Zhejiang CPC Party Chief". Title: Max Born Medal and Prize Passage: The Max Born Medal and Prize is a scientific prize awarded yearly by the German Physical Society (DPG) and the British Institute of Physics (IOP) in memory of the German physicist Max Born. The terms of the award are that it is "to be presented for outstanding contributions to physics". The award goes to physicists based in Germany and in the UK or Ireland in alternate years. Title: United Nations Population Fund Passage: From 2002 through 2008, the Bush Administration denied funding to UNFPA that had already been allocated by the US Congress, partly on the refuted claims that the UNFPA supported Chinese government programs which include forced abortions and coercive sterilizations. In a letter from the Undersecretary of State for Political Affairs Nicholas Burns to Congress, the administration said it had determined that UNFPA’s support for China’s population program “facilitates (its) government’s coercive abortion program”, thus violating the Kemp-Kasten Amendment, which bans the use of United States aid to finance organizations that support or take part in managing a program of coercive abortion of sterilization. Title: Jean Luc Gbayara Assoubre Passage: Jean Luc Gbayara Assoubre (born 8 August 1992), known as Jean Luc, is an Ivorian professional footballer who plays for AEK Larnaca as a winger. Title: Birth control movement in the United States Passage: Birth control practices were generally adopted earlier in Europe than in the United States. Knowlton's book was reprinted in 1877 in England by Charles Bradlaugh and Annie Besant, with the goal of challenging Britain's obscenity laws. They were arrested (and later acquitted) but the publicity of their trial contributed to the formation, in 1877, of the Malthusian League -- the world's first birth control advocacy group -- which sought to limit population growth to avoid Thomas Malthus's dire predictions of exponential population growth leading to worldwide poverty and famine. By 1930, similar societies had been established in nearly all European countries, and birth control began to find acceptance in most Western European countries, except Catholic Ireland, Spain, and France. As the birth control societies spread across Europe, so did birth control clinics. The first birth control clinic in the world was established in the Netherlands in 1882, run by the Netherlands' first female physician, Aletta Jacobs. The first birth control clinic in England was established in 1921 by Marie Stopes, in London. Title: Age of Enlightenment Passage: The term "Enlightenment" emerged in English in the later part of the 19th century, with particular reference to French philosophy, as the equivalent of the French term 'Lumières' (used first by Dubos in 1733 and already well established by 1751). From Immanuel Kant's 1784 essay "Beantwortung der Frage: Was ist Aufklärung?" ("Answering the Question: What is Enlightenment?") the German term became 'Aufklärung' (aufklären = to illuminate; sich aufklären = to clear up). However, scholars have never agreed on a definition of the Enlightenment, or on its chronological or geographical extent. Terms like "les Lumières" (French), "illuminismo" (Italian), "ilustración" (Spanish) and "Aufklärung" (German) referred to partly overlapping movements. Not until the late nineteenth century did English scholars agree they were talking about "the Enlightenment." Title: United Nations Population Fund Passage: In response, the EU decided to fill the gap left behind by the US under the Sandbaek report. According to its Annual Report for 2008, the UNFPA received its funding mainly from European Governments: Of the total income of M845.3 M, $118 was donated by the Netherlands, $67 M by Sweden, $62 M by Norway, $54 M by Denmark, $53 M by the UK, $52 M by Spain, $19 M by Luxembourg. The European Commission donated further $36 M. The most important non-European donor State was Japan ($36 M). The number of donors exceeded 180 in one year. Title: Arrondissement of Mouscron Passage: The Arrondissement of Mouscron (; ) is one of the seven administrative arrondissements in the Province of Hainaut, Belgium. It is not a judicial arrondissement. Its municipalities are a part of the Judicial Arrondissement of Tournai. Title: United Nations Population Fund Passage: UNFPA is the world's largest multilateral source of funding for population and reproductive health programs. The Fund works with governments and non-governmental organizations in over 150 countries with the support of the international community, supporting programs that help women, men and young people: Title: Jean-Luc Vandenbroucke Passage: Jean-Luc Vandenbroucke (born 31 May 1955 in Mouscron) is a Belgian former road bicycle racer, track cyclist and directeur sportif. He is an uncle of Frank Vandenbroucke. He was a prologue specialist, winning 19 prologues throughout his career. Title: Jean-Luc Dehaene Passage: Jean Luc Joseph Marie "Jean-Luc" Dehaene (; 7 August 1940 – 15 May 2014) was a Belgian politician who served as Prime Minister of Belgium from 1992 until 1999. During his political career, he was nicknamed "The Plumber" and "The Minesweeper" for his ability to negotiate political deadlocks. A member of the "Christen-Democratisch en Vlaams" (CD&V) party and its antecedents, Dehaene gained his first ministerial appointment in 1981. Dehaene's first government (1992–1995) included both Christian and Social Democrats and presided over the creation of a new constitution, effectively transforming Belgium into a federal state. His second government (1995–1999) coincided with a number of crises in Belgium including the Dutroux scandal. The Dioxin Affair, occurring shortly before the 1999 election, led to a swing against the major parties and Dehaene's government fell. Following his final term as Prime Minister he was active in both Belgian and European politics. He was also on UEFA's financial fair play regulatory body and managed Dexia Bank during the financial crisis. He was the last prime minister of King Baudouin's reign. Title: United Nations Population Fund Passage: Contributions from governments and the private sector to UNFPA in 2014 exceeded $1 billion. The amount includes $477 million to the organization’s core resources and $529 million earmarked for specific programs and initiatives. Title: Research Institute for Operations Management Passage: FIR (Institute for Industrial Management) is an associated research institute at RWTH Aachen, Germany. FIR has three main departments Information Management, Production Management and Service Management. FIR actively contributes to the European and German research communities as well as to the German industry. The focus of scientific research and industrial consultancy is driven by the departmental competencies. These competencies also define the staff profiles, which in core, consist of researchers attaining their PHDs during their stay at FIR. Title: Dispositif Passage: Dispositif is a term used by the French intellectual Michel Foucault, generally to refer to the various institutional, physical, and administrative mechanisms and knowledge structures which enhance and maintain the exercise of power within the social body. Title: Institute of technology Passage: Hogeschool is used in Belgium and in the Netherlands. The hogeschool has many similarities to the Fachhochschule in the German language areas and to the ammattikorkeakoulu in Finland. Title: Greco-Roman world Passage: The Greco - Roman world, Greco - Roman culture, or the term Greco - Roman (/ ˌɡrikoʊˈroʊmən / or / ˌɡrɛkoʊˈroʊmən /); spelled Graeco - Roman in the United Kingdom and the Commonwealth), when used as an adjective, as understood by modern scholars and writers, refers to those geographical regions and countries that culturally (and so historically) were directly, long - term, and intimately influenced by the language, culture, government and religion of the ancient Greeks and Romans. It is also better known as the Classical Civilisation. In exact terms the area refers to the ``Mediterranean world '', the extensive tracts of land centered on the Mediterranean and Black Sea basins, the`` swimming - pool and spa'' of the Greeks and Romans, i.e. one wherein the cultural perceptions, ideas and sensitivities of these peoples were dominant. Title: United Nations Population Fund Passage: But Amnesty International found no evidence that UNFPA had supported the coercion. A 2001 study conducted by the pro-life Population Research Institute (PRI) falsely claimed that the UNFPA shared an office with the Chinese family planning officials who were carrying out forced abortions. "We located the family planning offices, and in that family planning office, we located the UNFPA office, and we confirmed from family planning officials there that there is no distinction between what the UNFPA does and what the Chinese Family Planning Office does," said Scott Weinberg, a spokesman for PRI. However, United Nations Members disagreed and approved UNFPA’s new country program me in January 2006. The more than 130 members of the “Group of 77” developing countries in the United Nations expressed support for the UNFPA programmes. In addition, speaking for European democracies -- Norway, Denmark, Sweden, Finland, the Netherlands, France, Belgium, Switzerland and Germany -- the United Kingdom stated, ”UNFPA’s activities in China, as in the rest of the world, are in strict conformity with the unanimously adopted Programme of Action of the ICPD, and play a key role in supporting our common endeavor, the promotion and protection of all human rights and fundamental freedoms.” Title: University Passage: During the Early Modern period (approximately late 15th century to 1800), the universities of Europe would see a tremendous amount of growth, productivity and innovative research. At the end of the Middle Ages, about 400 years after the first university was founded, there were twenty-nine universities spread throughout Europe. In the 15th century, twenty-eight new ones were created, with another eighteen added between 1500 and 1625. This pace continued until by the end of the 18th century there were approximately 143 universities in Europe and Eastern Europe, with the highest concentrations in the German Empire (34), Italian countries (26), France (25), and Spain (23) – this was close to a 500% increase over the number of universities toward the end of the Middle Ages. This number does not include the numerous universities that disappeared, or institutions that merged with other universities during this time. It should be noted that the identification of a university was not necessarily obvious during the Early Modern period, as the term is applied to a burgeoning number of institutions. In fact, the term "university" was not always used to designate a higher education institution. In Mediterranean countries, the term studium generale was still often used, while "Academy" was common in Northern European countries. Title: Iron Curtain Passage: The use of the term iron curtain as a metaphor for strict separation goes back at least as far as the early 19th century. It originally referred to fireproof curtains in theaters. Although its popularity as a Cold War symbol is attributed to its use in a speech Winston Churchill gave in 5 March 1946 in Fulton, Missouri, German Minister of Propaganda Joseph Goebbels had already used the term in reference to the Soviet Union.	[ "Arrondissement of Mouscron", "Institute of technology", "Jean-Luc Vandenbroucke", "United Nations Population Fund" ]
How many passing attempts does the winningest player in the NFL have?	at least 1,500	[]	Title: Tom Brady Passage: Tom Brady Brady in 2017 No. 12 -- New England Patriots Position: Quarterback Born: (1977 - 08 - 03) August 3, 1977 (age 40) San Mateo, California Height: 6 ft 4 in (1.93 m) Weight: 225 lb (102 kg) Career information High school: Junípero Serra (San Mateo, California) College: Michigan NFL Draft: 2000 / Round: 6 / Pick: 199 Career history New England Patriots (2000 -- present) Roster status: Active Career highlights and awards 5 × Super Bowl champion (XXXVI, XXXVIII, XXXIX, XLIX, LI) 4 × Super Bowl MVP (XXXVI, XXXVIII, XLIX, LI) 3 × NFL Most Valuable Player (2007, 2010, 2017) 13 × Pro Bowl (2001, 2004, 2005, 2007, 2009 -- 2017) 3 × First - team All - Pro (2007, 2010, 2017) 2x Second - team All - Pro (2005, 2016) 2 × NFL Offensive Player of the Year (2007, 2010) NFL Comeback Player of the Year (2009) Bert Bell Award (2007) Associated Press Male Athlete of the Year (2007) Sports Illustrated Sportsman of the Year (2005) 3 × NFL passing yards leader (2005, 2007, 2017) 4 × NFL passing touchdowns leader (2002, 2007, 2010, 2015) 2 × NFL passer rating leader (2007, 2010) NFL 2000s All - Decade Team National champion (1997) Career NFL statistics as of Week 17, 2017 Completions: 5,629 Attempts: 8,805 Completion percentage: 63.9 TD -- INT: 488 -- 160 Passing yards: 66,159 Passer rating: 97.6 Player stats at NFL.com Title: C. J. Beathard Passage: C.J. Beathard Beathard with the 49ers in 2017 No. 3 -- San Francisco 49ers Position: Quarterback Born: (1993 - 11 - 16) November 16, 1993 (age 24) Franklin, Tennessee Height: 6 ft 2 in (1.88 m) Weight: 219 lb (99 kg) Career information High school: Franklin (TN) Battle Ground Academy College: Iowa NFL Draft: 2017 / Round: 3 / Pick: 104 Career history San Francisco 49ers (2017 -- present) Roster status: Active Career highlights and awards Second - Team All - Big Ten (2015) Third - Team All - Big Ten (2015) Big Ten Conference Co-Offensive POW (2015) Most Valuable Player Team Captain (2015) Leadership Group (2013, 2014, 2015) Davey O'Brien Award Watchlist (2015) Walter Camp Award Watchlist (2015) Maxwell Award Watchlist (2015) Manning Award Quarterback of the Week (2015) Career NFL statistics as of Week 12, 2017 Passing completions: 123 Passing attempts: 224 Completion percentage: 54.9 Passing yards: 1,430 TD -- INT: 4 -- 6 Passer rating: 69.2 Rushing yards: 136 Rushing touchdowns: 3 Player stats at NFL.com Title: Field goal Passage: The longest field goal made was 64 yards by Matt Prater of the Denver Broncos on December 8, 2013. The longest field goal attempt in an NFL game was 76 yards by Sebastian Janikowski on September 28, 2008. Title: Philadelphia Eagles Passage: The Philadelphia Eagles are a professional American football franchise based in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The Eagles compete in the National Football League (NFL) as a member club of the league's National Football Conference (NFC) East division. They are Super Bowl champions, having won Super Bowl LII, their fourth NFL title, after winning in 1948, 1949, and 1960. Title: NFL Golf Classic Passage: The NFL Golf Classic was a golf tournament on the Champions Tour from 1993 to 2002. It was played in May or June at the Upper Montclair Country Club in Clifton, New Jersey. It was a joint production with the NFL and attracted top NFL talent to play in a tournament within a tournament (separate from the golf pros). NFL players Trent Dilfer and Al Del Greco frequently played to the top of the leaderboard. The 2000 edition was also the final competitive win for golfing great Lee Trevino. In its day it was amongst the more popular stops of the Champions Tour. Title: Tom Brady Passage: Over his career, Brady has won two league MVP awards, five Super Bowls, and four Super Bowl MVP Awards. A 12 - time Pro Bowler, Brady has also twice led the NFL in passing yardage. As of November 2017, he currently owns the third - highest career passer rating (97.9) among quarterbacks with at least 1,500 career passing attempts. He has thrown for more passing yards and touchdowns than any quarterback in NFL postseason history; he also has won more playoff games than any other quarterback. As a result of his highly successful career, Brady is rated among the greatest quarterbacks of all time. Title: List of National Football League career quarterback wins leaders Passage: Active quarterback Tom Brady holds the records for most wins with 219, most regular season wins with 194, and most postseason wins with 25, as of Week 15 of the 2017 NFL season. Having played the entirety of his career with the New England Patriots, each of Brady's win records also apply to wins with a single team. Title: List of Cleveland Browns seasons Passage: The Cleveland Browns were a charter member club of the All - America Football Conference (AAFC) when the league was founded in 1946. From 1946 to 1949, the Browns won each of the league's four championships. The National Football League (NFL) does not recognize the Browns' AAFC championships; however, the Pro Football Hall of Fame does recognize the team's championships, which is reflected in this list. When the AAFC folded in 1949, the Browns were absorbed into the NFL in 1950. The Browns went on to win three NFL championships, nearly dominating the NFL in the 1950s, and won one more NFL championship in 1964. The team has yet to appear in a Super Bowl, however. Overall, the team has won eight championships: four in the AAFC, and four in the NFL. Title: Nick Foles Passage: Foles was selected by the Philadelphia Eagles in the third round with the 88th overall pick in the 2012 NFL Draft. He signed a four - year contract with the team on May 21, 2012. Despite speculation that Foles would start the Eagles' Monday Night Football game against the New Orleans Saints on November 5 (Week 9), Eagles coach Andy Reid stated that Vick would start that game. The following week against the division rival Dallas Cowboys, after Vick left the game in the second quarter with concussion symptoms, Foles made his NFL debut. Foles threw his first career touchdown pass to wide receiver Jeremy Maclin for 44 yards and finished with 22 completed passes out of 32 attempts for 219 yards, one touchdown, and one interception. With Philadelphia behind 31 -- 23 in the last minute, Foles lost the ball as he was sacked, and Jason Hatcher of the Cowboys recovered the ball in the end zone for a touchdown. Vick was eventually ruled out of the following game against the Washington Redskins in Week 11, and Foles made his first career start. Philadelphia lost to the Redskins 31 -- 6, and Foles was 21 - for - 47 in passing 204 yards with no touchdowns and two interceptions. Title: List of career achievements by Brett Favre Passage: Former quarterback Brett Favre owns or shares a number of NFL records, including pass completions (6,300), pass attempts (10,169), pass interceptions (336) and starts by a player (298). At the time of his retirement, he owned or shared 391 NFL records and still owns or shares 164. He achieved a number of firsts in NFL history, including being the only quarterback to have won three consecutive AP NFL MVP awards and being the first quarterback to win a playoff game after turning 40. Title: Dontari Poe Passage: Dontari Poe (born August 18, 1990) is an American football defensive tackle for the Carolina Panthers of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football at Memphis and was drafted by the Kansas City Chiefs 11th overall in the 2012 NFL Draft. Though primarily a defensive lineman, at 6 ft 3 in and 346 lbs, he is also known for being the largest player to either rush or pass for a touchdown while also having a 100% pass completion percentage, passing TD, and rushing TD. Title: Al Krueger Passage: Alvin John Krueger (April 3, 1919 – February 20, 1999) was an American football end in the National Football League (NFL) for the Washington Redskins. He also played in the All-America Football Conference (AAFC) for the Los Angeles Dons. He played college football at the University of Southern California. Krueger received the winning touchdown pass from quarterback Doyle Nave over a no-scoring Duke team in the 1939 Rose Bowl. He and Nave were named Co-MVP for that game and were later inducted into the Rose Bowl Hall of Fame. Title: Kirk Cousins Passage: Kirk Cousins Cousins in 2016 No. 8 -- Minnesota Vikings Position: Quarterback Born: (1988 - 08 - 19) August 19, 1988 (age 30) Barrington, Illinois Height: 6 ft 3 in (1.91 m) Weight: 202 lb (92 kg) Career information High school: Holland Christian (Holland, Michigan) College: Michigan State NFL Draft: 2012 / Round: 4 / Pick: 102 Career history Washington Redskins (2012 -- 2017) Minnesota Vikings (2018 -- present) Roster status: Active Career highlights and awards Pro Bowl (2016) Second - team All - Big Ten (2011) Career NFL statistics as of Week 8, 2018 Passing attempts: 2,437 Passing completions: 1,613 Completion percentage: 66.2 TD -- INT: 115 -- 59 Passing yards: 18,727 Passer rating: 94.9 Player stats at NFL.com Player stats at PFR Title: Peyton Manning Passage: Manning holds many NFL records, including touchdown passes (539), AP MVP awards (5), Pro Bowl appearances (14), 4,000 - yard passing seasons (14), single - season passing yards (5,477 in 2013), single - season passing touchdowns (55 in 2013), and is second in career passing yards (71,940). A two - time Super Bowl winner and the most valuable player of Super Bowl XLI, Manning is also the only quarterback to start the Super Bowl for two franchises more than once each, with different coaches at each Super Bowl start (Dungy, Caldwell, Fox, Kubiak), and the only starting quarterback to win a Super Bowl with two franchises. At 39 years of age, Manning was the oldest quarterback to start in and win a Super Bowl, a feat matched the following year by Tom Brady. Manning is still technically the oldest to win a Super Bowl when months and days are taken into account, given that his birthday is in March and Brady's is in August. Title: Green Bay Packers Passage: The Packers have won 13 league championships, the most in NFL history, with nine pre-Super Bowl NFL titles in addition to four Super Bowl victories. The Packers won the first two Super Bowls in 1967 and 1968 and were the only NFL team to defeat the American Football League (AFL) prior to the AFL -- NFL merger. The Vince Lombardi Trophy is named after the Packers' coach Lombardi, who guided them to their first two Super Bowls. Their two additional Super Bowl wins came in 1997 and 2011. Title: Tom Brady Passage: In his second season, Brady took over as the starting quarterback after Drew Bledsoe was injured. He led the Patriots to first place in the AFC East and a victory over the favored St. Louis Rams in Super Bowl XXXVI, winning his first Super Bowl MVP award. Despite the Patriots' missing the playoffs the following season, Brady would then lead them to back - to - back World Championships in 2003 and 2004, winning Super Bowl MVP honors again in 2003. Along the way, the Patriots won an NFL - record 21 consecutive games (including the playoffs) between the 2003 and 2004 seasons. The 2005 season was Brady's first to throw for 4,000 yards and lead the NFL in passing. That postseason, Brady would win his 10th consecutive playoff game, another NFL postseason record. Title: Green Bay Packers Passage: The Packers have won 13 league championships, the most in NFL history, with nine pre-Super Bowl NFL titles in addition to four Super Bowl victories. The Packers won the first two Super Bowls in 1967 and 1968 and were the only NFL team to defeat the American Football League (AFL) prior to the AFL -- NFL merger. The Vince Lombardi Trophy is named after the Packers' coach Lombardi, who guided them to their first two Super Bowls. Their two additional Super Bowl wins came in the 1996 and 2010 seasons. Title: Drew Brees Passage: Drew Christopher Brees (/ briːz /;) (born January 15, 1979) is an American football quarterback for the New Orleans Saints of the National Football League (NFL). After a prolific college football career at Purdue University, he was chosen by the San Diego Chargers with the first pick in the second round of the 2001 NFL Draft. He left college as one of the most decorated players in Purdue and Big Ten Conference history, establishing two NCAA records, 13 Big Ten Conference records, and 19 Purdue University records. As of 2017, he remains the Big Ten record - holder in several passing categories, including completions (1,026), attempts (1,678), and yards (11,792). Title: Rugby league gameplay Passage: A drop goal (also known as a field goal) is worth only one point and is thus the least chosen method of scoring. It is attempted during general play, and to be valid must be made by a drop kick, and as with penalty and conversion goals, must pass both over the crossbar and between the uprights of the goal - posts. Drop goals are usually attempted when in good field position in an attempt to secure a win late in a close game or when the scores are within a converted try (6 points) of each other so that, if successful, their opponents must score a minimum of two times to avoid losing. Less commonly, drop goals may be attempted just before half - time, to secure the most points scored in the first half. Additionally, it is a common way to win matches in competitions that use golden point extra time to decide games that are tied after normal time has elapsed. Unnecessary or unlikely attempts at Field Goal have become less common with the advent of the Zero tackle rule, with a miss generally resulting in a Seven - tackle set restart from the 20m line for the opposing side. Title: Elvis Grbac Passage: Although Grbac initially wished to continue his football career at Ohio State, he changed his mind when the Buckeyes fired head coach Earl Bruce and opted instead to join Howard at the University of Michigan, where he played college football from 1989 to 1992. He led the Wolverines to a Gator Bowl in 1991, three Rose Bowls in 1990 and 1993 and 1992 and is best remembered for throwing to wide receiver Desmond Howard during the latter's Heisman-winning season in 1991. In 1991 Grbac's pass to Howard sealed a 24-14 victory over Notre Dame. In that game Grbac completed 20-of-22 passes, a record for a Notre Dame opponent. He finished his career at Michigan as the school's all-time leader in passing attempts (835), completions (522), passing yards (6,460) and passing touchdowns (71). These marks were later broken by John Navarre in 2003 and surpassed by Chad Henne in 2006–2007.	[ "List of National Football League career quarterback wins leaders", "Tom Brady" ]
When did the iPhone 6 from the publisher of Mouse Practice come out?	September 19, 2014	[]	Title: Abel's Island Passage: Abel's Island is a children's novel written and illustrated by William Steig. It won a Newbery Honor. It was published by Collin Publishers, Toronto, Ontario in 1976. It is a survival story of a mouse stranded on an island. Title: Harry Kitten and Tucker Mouse Passage: Harry Kitten and Tucker Mouse is a children's book written by George Selden and illustrated by Garth Williams. It is the prequel to "The Cricket in Times Square". Dell Publishing originally published the book in 1986. Title: IPhone 6 Passage: The iPhone 6 and 6 Plus were moved to the midrange spot in Apple's iPhone lineup when the iPhone 6S and 6S Plus were released in September 2015. The iPhone 6 and 6 Plus were discontinued in most countries on September 7, 2016 when Apple announced the iPhone 7 and iPhone 7 Plus. Their spot as the entry - level iPhone was replaced by the iPhone SE, which was released earlier on March 31, 2016. The iPhone 6 was relaunched with 32 GB of storage in Asian markets in February 2017 as a midrange / budget iPhone. It was later expanded to Europe, before hitting the US markets in May 2017, and Canada in July 2017. Title: IPhone 5 Passage: The iPhone 5 is a smartphone that was designed and marketed by Apple Inc. It is the sixth generation of the iPhone succeeding the iPhone 4S and preceding the iPhone 5S and iPhone 5C. Formally unveiled as part of a press event on September 12, 2012, it was released on September 21, 2012. The iPhone 5 is the first iPhone to be announced in September and, setting a trend for subsequent iPhone releases, the first iPhone to be completely developed under the guidance of Tim Cook and the last iPhone to be overseen by Steve Jobs. Title: IPhone 7 Passage: iPhone 7 and iPhone 7 Plus are smartphones designed, developed, and marketed by Apple Inc. They were announced on September 7, 2016, at the Bill Graham Civic Auditorium in San Francisco by Apple CEO Tim Cook, and were released on September 16, 2016, succeeding the iPhone 6S and iPhone 6S Plus as the flagship devices in the iPhone series. Apple also released the iPhone 7 and 7 Plus in numerous countries worldwide throughout September and October 2016. They will be succeeded as flagship devices by the iPhone 8 and iPhone 8 Plus on September 22, 2017 and the iPhone X on November 3, 2017. Title: Mouse Practice Passage: Mouse Practice was created using MacroMind Director and released in 1992 by Apple for the Macintosh computer platform. It involved the user learning the key functions of the mouse by controlling a scuba diver in an underwater environment. Title: IPhone 6 Passage: The iPhone 6 and iPhone 6 Plus were officially unveiled during a press event at the Flint Center for Performing Arts in Cupertino, California on September 9, 2014 and released on September 19, 2014; pre-orders began on September 12, 2014, with the iPhone 6 starting at US $649 and the iPhone 6 Plus starting at US $749. In China, where the iPhone 5c and 5s were the first models in the iPhone series to be released in the country on the same day as their international launch, Apple notified local wireless carriers that it would be unable to release the iPhone 6 and iPhone 6 Plus on the 19th because there were ``details which are not ready ''; local media reported that the devices had not yet been approved by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, and earlier in the year, a news report by state broadcaster China Central Television alleged that iPhone devices were a threat to national security because iOS 7's`` frequent locations'' function could expose ``state secrets. '' Title: Mouse Noses on Toast Passage: Mouse Noses on Toast is a children's book written by Daren King and illustrated by David Roberts, published in 2006. It won the Nestlé Children's Book Prize Gold Award. Title: IPhone 6S Passage: iPhone 6S and iPhone 6S Plus (stylized and marketed as iPhone 6s and iPhone 6s Plus) are smartphones designed, developed and marketed by Apple Inc. They were announced on September 9, 2015, at the Bill Graham Civic Auditorium in San Francisco by Apple CEO Tim Cook, with pre-orders beginning September 12 and official release on September 25, 2015. The iPhone 6S and 6S Plus were succeeded by the iPhone 7 and iPhone 7 Plus in September 2016. Title: IPhone 6S Passage: The iPhone 6S and iPhone 6S Plus (stylized and marketed as iPhone 6s and iPhone 6s Plus) are smartphones designed, developed and marketed by Apple Inc. They were announced on September 9, 2015, at the Bill Graham Civic Auditorium in San Francisco by Apple CEO Tim Cook, with pre-orders beginning September 12 and official release on September 25, 2015. The iPhone 6S and 6S Plus were succeeded by the iPhone 7 and iPhone 7 Plus in September 2016. Title: IOS 10 Passage: iOS 10 A version of the iOS operating system The default iOS 10 home screen on an iPhone 7 Developer Apple Inc. Source model Closed with open - source components Initial release September 13, 2016; 17 months ago (2016 - 09 - 13) Latest release 10.3. 3 (14G60) / July 19, 2017; 7 months ago (2017 - 07 - 19) Platforms iPhone iPhone 5 iPhone 5C iPhone 5S iPhone 6 iPhone 6 Plus iPhone 6S iPhone 6S Plus iPhone SE iPhone 7 iPhone 7 Plus iPod Touch iPod Touch (6th generation) iPad iPad (4th generation) iPad Air iPad Air 2 iPad (2017) iPad Mini 2 iPad Mini 3 iPad Mini 4 iPad Pro Kernel type Hybrid (XNU) License Proprietary software with open - source components Preceded by iOS 9 Succeeded by iOS 11 Official website iOS 10 at the Wayback Machine (archived September 12, 2017) Support status Third - party application support only Title: Disney's Magical Mirror Starring Mickey Mouse Passage: Disney's Magical Mirror Starring Mickey Mouse, known in Japan as Mickey Mouse no Fushigi na Kagami (ミッキーマウスの不思議な鏡, lit. Mickey Mouse's Mysterious Mirror), is a 2002 Disney adventure video game developed by Capcom, published by Nintendo and distributed by Disney Interactive for the GameCube. Title: PS/2 port Passage: The PS / 2 port is a 6 - pin mini-DIN connector used for connecting keyboards and mice to a PC compatible computer system. Its name comes from the IBM Personal System / 2 series of personal computers, with which it was introduced in 1987. The PS / 2 mouse connector generally replaced the older DE-9 RS - 232 ``serial mouse ''connector, while the PS / 2 keyboard connector replaced the larger 5 - pin / 180 ° DIN connector used in the IBM PC / AT design. The PS / 2 designs on keyboard and mouse interfaces are electrically similar and employ the same communication protocol. However, unlike the otherwise similar Apple Desktop Bus connector used by Apple, a given system's keyboard and mouse port may not be interchangeable since the two devices use a different set of commands. Title: Mouse Guard Passage: Mouse Guard is an American bi-monthly comic book series written and illustrated by David Petersen and published by Archaia Studios Press. Differently from American standard comics size (6½" × 10"), it is published in a square (8" × 8") format. Title: IPhone 5C Passage: On March 18, 2014, an 8 GB version of the device was released in UK, France, Germany, Italy, Australia, Sweden and China. On September 9, 2014, Apple discontinued the iPhone 4S as part of its annual refresh of the iPhone lineup -- in which time the iPhone 6 and iPhone 6 Plus were introduced -- thus making the iPhone 5C the entry - level model complimentary when a two - year contract is signed with a US carrier or $349 off - contract. The 16 & 32 GB versions of the iPhone 5C were also discontinued globally, replaced by the 8 GB model. However, some carriers in the US like AT&T kept the 16 GB and 32 GB models instead of having the 8 GB model, thus the 16 GB model was $0 (on - contract) and the 32 GB was priced between $50 -- $100 (on - contract). The 8 GB iPhone 5C succeeded the discontinued iPhone 4S as Apple's entry - level smartphone. Title: Mouse Trap (game) Passage: Mouse Trap (originally titled Mouse Trap Game) is a board game first published by Ideal in 1963 for two to four players. The game was one of the first mass - produced, three - dimensional board games. Over the course of the game, players at first cooperate to build a working Rube Goldberg -- like mouse trap. Once the mouse trap has been built, players turn against each other, attempting to trap opponents' mouse - shaped game pieces. Title: IPhone 6 Passage: The iPhone 6 and iPhone 6 Plus are smartphones designed and marketed by Apple Inc. The devices are part of the iPhone series and were announced on September 9, 2014, and released on September 19, 2014. The iPhone 6 and iPhone 6 Plus jointly serve as successors to the iPhone 5S and were themselves replaced as flagship devices of the iPhone series by the iPhone 6S and iPhone 6S Plus on September 9, 2015. Title: IPhone 7 Passage: iPhone 7 and iPhone 7 Plus are smartphones designed, developed, and marketed by Apple Inc. They were announced on September 7, 2016, at the Bill Graham Civic Auditorium in San Francisco by Apple CEO Tim Cook, and were released on September 16, 2016, succeeding the iPhone 6S and iPhone 6S Plus as the flagship devices in the iPhone series. Apple also released the iPhone 7 and 7 Plus in numerous countries worldwide throughout September and October 2016. They were succeeded as flagship devices by the iPhone 8 and iPhone 8 Plus on September 22, 2017, and the iPhone X on November 3, 2017. Title: IPhone 8 Passage: iPhone 8 and iPhone 8 Plus are smartphones designed, developed, and marketed by Apple Inc. They were announced on September 12, 2017, alongside the higher - end iPhone X, at the Steve Jobs Theater in the Apple Park campus, and were released on September 22, 2017, succeeding iPhone 7 and iPhone 7 Plus. Title: IPhone 5 Passage: The iPhone 5 is a smartphone designed and marketed by Apple Inc. It is the sixth generation of the iPhone, succeeding the iPhone 4S and preceding the iPhone 5S and iPhone 5C. Formally unveiled as part of a press event on September 12, 2012, it was released on September 21, 2012. The iPhone 5 is the first iPhone to be announced in September and setting a trend for subsequent iPhone releases, the first iPhone to be completely developed under the guidance of Tim Cook and the last iPhone to be overseen by Steve Jobs.	[ "Mouse Practice", "IPhone 6" ]
How many people in the same country as Tselinograd District mainly speak Russian?	46%	[]	Title: Russian language Passage: In the 20th century, Russian was mandatorily taught in the schools of the members of the old Warsaw Pact and in other countries that used to be satellites of the USSR. In particular, these countries include Poland, Bulgaria, the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Hungary, Albania, former East Germany and Cuba. However, younger generations are usually not fluent in it, because Russian is no longer mandatory in the school system. According to the Eurobarometer 2005 survey, though, fluency in Russian remains fairly high (20–40%) in some countries, in particular those where the people speak a Slavic language and thereby have an edge in learning Russian (namely, Poland, Czech Republic, Slovakia, and Bulgaria). Title: Slavs Passage: Slavic standard languages which are official in at least one country: Belarusian, Bosnian, Bulgarian, Croatian, Czech, Macedonian, Montenegrin, Polish, Russian, Serbian, Slovak, Slovene, and Ukrainian. The alphabet depends on what religion is usual for the respective Slavic ethnic groups. The Orthodox use the Cyrillic alphabet and the Roman Catholics use Latin alphabet, the Bosniaks who are Muslims also use the Latin. Few Greek Roman and Roman Catholics use the Cyrillic alphabet however. The Serbian language and Montenegrin language uses both Cyrillic and Latin alphabets. There is also a Latin script to write in Belarusian, called the Lacinka alphabet. Title: Christian Passage: The region of modern Eastern Europe and Central Eurasia (Russia, Ukraine and other countries of the ex-USSR) have a long history of Christianity and Christian communities on its lands. In ancient times, in the first centuries after the birth of Christ, when this region was called[by whom?] Scythia - Christians already lived there. Later the region saw the first states to adopt Christianity officially - initially in Armenia (301 AD) and in Georgia (337 AD), later in the Great Russian Principality (Kyivan Rus, Russian: Великое княжество Русское, ca 988 AD). People of that time used to denote themselves Christians (христиане, крестьяне) and Russians (русские). Both terms had strong Christian connotations.[citation needed] It is also interesting that in time the term "крестьяне" acquired the meaning "peasants of Christian faith" and later "peasants" (the main part of the population of the region), while the term "христиане" retained its religious meaning and the term "русские" began to mean representatives of the heterogeneous Russian nation formed on the basis of common Christian faith and language,[citation needed] which strongly influenced the history and development of the region. In the region the "Pravoslav faith" (православная вера - Orthodox faith) or "Russian faith" (русская вера) from earliest times became almost as known as the original "Christian faith" (христианская, крестьянская вера). Also in some contexts the term "cossack" (козак, казак - free man by the will of God) was used[by whom?] to denote "free" Christians of steppe origin and Russian language. Title: Indigenous peoples of the Americas Passage: The Native American name controversy is an ongoing dispute over the acceptable ways to refer to the indigenous peoples of the Americas and to broad subsets thereof, such as those living in a specific country or sharing certain cultural attributes. When discussing broader subsets of peoples, naming may be based on shared language, region, or historical relationship. Many English exonyms have been used to refer to the indigenous peoples of the Americas. Some of these names were based on foreign-language terms used by earlier explorers and colonists, while others resulted from the colonists' attempt to translate endonyms from the native language into their own, and yet others were pejorative terms arising out of prejudice and fear, during periods of conflict. Title: Russian language Passage: In Kazakhstan Russian is not a state language, but according to article 7 of the Constitution of Kazakhstan its usage enjoys equal status to that of the Kazakh language in state and local administration. According to estimates from Demoskop Weekly, in 2004 there were 4,200,000 native speakers of Russian in the country, and 10 million active speakers. 63% of the population was fluent in Russian in 2006, and 46% used it as the main language with family, friends or at work. According to a 2001 estimate from the World Factbook, 95% of the population can speak Russian. Large Russian-speaking communities still exist in northern Kazakhstan, and ethnic Russians comprise 25.6% of Kazakhstan's population. The 2009 census reported that 10,309,500 people, or 84.8% of the population aged 15 and above, could read and write well in Russian, as well as understand the spoken language. Title: Mandikal Passage: Mandikal is a village located in present Kolar district in Karnataka, India. It is a small village of a population more than 1000. The main occupation is agriculture and sericulture. Kannada and Telugu are the two main languages people speak here. Title: Estonian language Passage: When Estonia was invaded and occupied by the Soviet Union in World War II, the status of the Estonian language changed to the first of two official languages (Russian being the other one). As with Latvia many immigrants entered Estonia under Soviet encouragement. In the second half of the 1970s, the pressure of bilingualism (for Estonians) intensified, resulting in widespread knowledge of Russian throughout the country. The Russian language was termed as ‘the language of friendship of nations’ and was taught to Estonian children, sometimes as early as in kindergarten. Although teaching Estonian to non-Estonians in schools was compulsory, in practice learning the language was often considered unnecessary. Title: Russian language Passage: In Armenia Russian has no official status, but it's recognised as a minority language under the Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities. According to estimates from Demoskop Weekly, in 2004 there were 15,000 native speakers of Russian in the country, and 1 million active speakers. 30% of the population was fluent in Russian in 2006, and 2% used it as the main language with family, friends or at work. Russian is spoken by 1.4% of the population according to a 2009 estimate from the World Factbook. Title: Renewable energy commercialization Passage: EU member countries have shown support for ambitious renewable energy goals. In 2010, Eurobarometer polled the twenty-seven EU member states about the target "to increase the share of renewable energy in the EU by 20 percent by 2020". Most people in all twenty-seven countries either approved of the target or called for it to go further. Across the EU, 57 percent thought the proposed goal was "about right" and 16 percent thought it was "too modest." In comparison, 19 percent said it was "too ambitious". Title: Ivanovsky Convent Passage: Ivanovsky Convent (Ивановский монастырь) is a large stauropegic Russian Orthodox convent in central Moscow, inside the Boulevard Ring, to the west of Kitai-gorod, in the district formerly known as Kulishki. It is the main shrine of St. John the Baptist in the Russian capital. Title: Russky Newsweek Passage: Russky Newsweek or "Newsweek Russia" was a Russian language news magazine published in Russia between 2004 and 2010 as the Russian edition of "Newsweek". It was the first news magazine with a Western origin published in the country. Title: Russian language Passage: In Ukraine, Russian is seen as a language of inter-ethnic communication, and a minority language, under the 1996 Constitution of Ukraine. According to estimates from Demoskop Weekly, in 2004 there were 14,400,000 native speakers of Russian in the country, and 29 million active speakers. 65% of the population was fluent in Russian in 2006, and 38% used it as the main language with family, friends or at work. Russian is spoken by 29.6% of the population according to a 2001 estimate from the World Factbook. 20% of school students receive their education primarily in Russian. Title: Basbiti Passage: Basbitti is a village development committee in Saptari District in the Sagarmatha Zone of south-eastern Nepal. At the time of the 2011 Nepal census it had a population of 3,666 people living in 683 individual households. The village is located 5 km south of Rupani and 5 km north from Rajbiraj (the headquarters of Saptari district). Rupani and Rajbiraj are connected by the road RamLaxam marg and the village is situated east to the road. The people of this village are either from Hindu (the castes like Kayastha, Yadav, Sharma, Mandal, Brahman, Bhagat, Chaudhary, Teli) or from Muslim society. It has only one secondary school and a madarsha (a school in which children are educated in Urdu and about Islam). One industrial state is also located at this vdc named as Gajendra Narayan Singh industrial state (named after the late person and founder member of Nepal Sadbhawana party) which was built with the joint co-operation of Nepal government and India government. The literacy percent of this village is low but day by day the literacy percent is increasing. The life style of this village is simple. The main business of the people is farming and working at golf country. People from the Hindu community celebrate feasts like Dashain, Tihar, Krishanasthami, Chhath, and people from the Muslim society celebrate feasts like Ramjan And Bakrid. Title: Animator.ru Passage: Animator.ru is a Russian website chronicling the films, people and studios of the animation industry in Russia, the former Soviet Union and (to a lesser extent) the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS). It also includes a forum, a news block, a photo-gallery and an animators labour exchange. The database is available in Russian and English, while the other sections are Russian-language only. Title: Montana Passage: English is the official language in the state of Montana, as it is in many U.S. states. English is also the language of the majority. According to the 2000 U.S. Census, 94.8 percent of the population aged 5 and older speak English at home. Spanish is the language most commonly spoken at home other than English. There were about 13,040 Spanish-language speakers in the state (1.4 percent of the population) in 2011. There were also 15,438 (1.7 percent of the state population) speakers of Indo-European languages other than English or Spanish, 10,154 (1.1 percent) speakers of a Native American language, and 4,052 (0.4 percent) speakers of an Asian or Pacific Islander language. Other languages spoken in Montana (as of 2013) include Assiniboine (about 150 speakers in the Montana and Canada), Blackfoot (about 100 speakers), Cheyenne (about 1,700 speakers), Plains Cree (about 100 speakers), Crow (about 3,000 speakers), Dakota (about 18,800 speakers in Minnesota, Montana, Nebraska, North Dakota, and South Dakota), German Hutterite (about 5,600 speakers), Gros Ventre (about 10 speakers), Kalispel-Pend d'Oreille (about 64 speakers), Kutenai (about 6 speakers), and Lakota (about 6,000 speakers in Minnesota, Montana, Nebraska, North Dakota, South Dakota). The United States Department of Education estimated in 2009 that 5,274 students in Montana spoke a language at home other than English. These included a Native American language (64 percent), German (4 percent), Spanish (3 percent), Russian (1 percent), and Chinese (less than 0.5 percent). Title: Russian language Passage: According to figures published in 2006 in the journal "Demoskop Weekly" research deputy director of Research Center for Sociological Research of the Ministry of Education and Science (Russia) Arefyev A. L., the Russian language is gradually losing its position in the world in general, and in Russia in particular. In 2012, A. L. Arefyev published a new study "Russian language at the turn of the 20th-21st centuries", in which he confirmed his conclusion about the trend of further weakening of the Russian language in all regions of the world (findings published in 2013 in the journal "Demoskop Weekly"). In the countries of the former Soviet Union the Russian language is gradually being replaced by local languages. Currently the number speakers of Russian language in the world depends on the number of Russians in the world (as the main sources distribution Russian language) and total population Russia (where Russian is an official language). Title: Russian language Passage: Significant Russian-speaking groups also exist in Western Europe. These have been fed by several waves of immigrants since the beginning of the 20th century, each with its own flavor of language. The United Kingdom, Spain, Portugal, France, Italy, Belgium, Greece, Brazil, Norway, and Austria have significant Russian-speaking communities. According to the 2011 Census of Ireland, there were 21,639 people in the nation who use Russian as a home language. However, of this only 13% were Russian nationals. 20% held Irish citizenship, while 27% and 14% were holding the passports of Latvia and Lithuania respectively. Title: Indigenous peoples of the Americas Passage: About five percent of the population are of full-blooded indigenous descent, but upwards to eighty percent more or the majority of Hondurans are mestizo or part-indigenous with European admixture, and about ten percent are of indigenous or African descent. The main concentration of indigenous in Honduras are in the rural westernmost areas facing Guatemala and to the Caribbean Sea coastline, as well on the Nicaraguan border. The majority of indigenous people are Lencas, Miskitos to the east, Mayans, Pech, Sumos, and Tolupan. Title: Tselinograd District Passage: Tselinograd District (, "Tselinograd aýdany") is the district that surrounds the city and country capital of Nur-Sultan in northern Kazakhstan. The administrative center of the district is the selo of Akmol. Population: Title: East Slavs Passage: The East Slavs are Slavic peoples speaking the East Slavic languages. Formerly the main population of the loose medieval Kievan Rus federation state , by the seventeenth century they evolved into the Belarusian, Russian, Rusyn and Ukrainian people.	[ "Tselinograd District", "Russian language" ]
Did Eric O'Neill's employer keep files on Elvis Presley?	including celebrities such as Elvis Presley	[ "Elvis", "Elvis Presley" ]	Title: Blue Moon (1934 song) Passage: ``Blue Moon ''Single by Elvis Presley from the album Elvis Presley A-side`` Just Because'' Released August 31, 1956 Format 7 - inch single Recorded August 19, 1954 Genre Country Length 2: 31 Label RCA Victor / RCA Camden / RCA Songwriter (s) Richard Rodgers, Lorenz Hart Title: Wooden Heart Passage: "Wooden Heart", created by Fred Wise, Ben Weisman, Kay Twomey and German bandleader Bert Kaempfert, was based on a German folk song by Friedrich Silcher, "Muss i denn", originating from the Rems Valley in Württemberg, southwest Germany. "Wooden Heart" features several lines from the original folk song, written in the German Swabian dialect, as spoken in Württemberg. Marlene Dietrich recorded a version of the song sometime before 1958, pre-dating Presley, in the original German language, which appears as a B-side on a 1959 version of her single "Lili Marlene", released by Philips in association with Columbia Records. The Elvis Presley version was published by Gladys Music, Elvis Presley's publishing company. Bobby Vinton recorded his version in 1975 with those lines translated into Polish. Title: Way Down Passage: ``Way Down ''is a song recorded by Elvis Presley. Recorded in October 1976, it was his last single released before his death on August 16, 1977. The song was written by Layng Martine, Jr. and was later covered by Status Quo and Cliffhanger. Presley recorded the song at his home studio in Graceland on 29 October 1976. Title: If I Can Dream Passage: ``If I Can Dream ''is a song made famous by Elvis Presley, written by Walter Earl Brown and notable for its direct quotations of Martin Luther King, Jr. The song was published by Elvis Presley's music publishing company Gladys Music, Inc. It was recorded by Presley in June 1968, two months after King's assassination. The recording was first released to the public as the finale of Presley's' 68 Comeback Special. Title: Triple Elvis Passage: Triple Elvis is a 1963 painting of Elvis Presley by the American artist Andy Warhol. The photographic image of Elvis used by Warhol as a basis for this work, taken from a publicity still from the movie "Flaming Star", has become iconic and synonymous with the singer. Title: Can't Help Falling in Love Passage: ``Ca n't Help Falling in Love ''is a pop ballad originally recorded by American singer Elvis Presley and published by Gladys Music, Elvis Presley's publishing company. It was written by Hugo Peretti, Luigi Creatore and George David Weiss. The melody is based on`` Plaisir d'amour'' (1784), a popular romance by Jean - Paul - Égide Martini (1741 -- 1816). It was featured in Elvis Presley's 1961 film, Blue Hawaii. During the following four decades, it was recorded by numerous other artists, including Tom Smothers, British reggae group UB40, whose 1993 version topped the U.S. and UK charts, and Swedish pop group A-Teens. Title: My Happiness (album) Passage: My Happiness is a studio album by French singer Amanda Lear, released on March 17, 2014 by the independent label Boomlover. The album is a tribute to Elvis Presley. Title: Suspicious Minds Passage: ``Suspicious Minds ''is a song written and first recorded by American songwriter Mark James. After James' recording failed commercially, the song was handed to Elvis Presley by producer Chips Moman, becoming a number one song in 1969, and one of the most notable hits of Presley's career.`` Suspicious Minds'' was widely regarded as the single that returned Presley's career success, following his' 68 Comeback Special. It was his eighteenth and last number - one single in the United States. Rolling Stone ranked it No. 91 on their list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time. Session guitarist Reggie Young played on both the James and Presley versions. Title: Elvis Presley singles discography Passage: Both of these claims were disputed by music historian Joel Whitburn and Elvis Presley Enterprises. Whitburn lists Elvis as having 18 number 1 hits (placing him in a tie with Mariah Carey at that time) and 38 top ten hits (one more than Madonna at that time). Elvis Presley Enterprises claims Elvis had 40 top ten hits. The differences depend on whether a double - sided hit single is counted as one hit single, or two hit songs. Title: Federal Bureau of Investigation Passage: The FBI has maintained files on numerous people, including celebrities such as Elvis Presley, Frank Sinatra, John Denver, John Lennon, Jane Fonda, Groucho Marx, Charlie Chaplin, the band MC5, Lou Costello, Sonny Bono, Bob Dylan, Michael Jackson, and Mickey Mantle. The files were collected for various reasons. Some of the subjects were investigated for alleged ties to the Communist party (Charlie Chaplin and Groucho Marx), or in connection with antiwar activities during the Vietnam War (John Denver, John Lennon, and Jane Fonda). Numerous celebrity files concern threats or extortion attempts against them (Sonny Bono, John Denver, John Lennon, Elvis Presley, Michael Jackson, Mickey Mantle, Groucho Marx, and Frank Sinatra). Title: T-R-O-U-B-L-E (song) Passage: ``T-R-O-U-B-L-E ''is a song written by Jerry Chesnut and recorded by Elvis Presley in 1975. It is a different song than`` Trouble'', a song Presley first recorded in 1958. Title: Elvis (1956 album) Passage: Elvis (also known as Elvis Presley No. 2) is the second studio album by American rock and roll singer Elvis Presley, released by RCA Victor in October 1956 in mono. Recording sessions took place on September 1, September 2, and September 3 at Radio Recorders in Hollywood, with one track left over from the sessions for Presley's debut album at the RCA Victor recording studios on January 30 in New York. It spent four weeks at #1 on the "Billboard" Top Pop Albums chart that year, making Presley the first recording artist to have both albums go straight to number one in the same year. It was certified Gold on February 17, 1960, and Platinum on August 10, 2011, by the Recording Industry Association of America. Title: Elvis and Me Passage: Elvis and Me is a 1985 biography written by Priscilla Presley (with ghostwriter Sandra Harmon). In the book, Priscilla talks about meeting Elvis Presley, their marriage, and the factors and issues that led to the couple's divorce. The book rights were purchased in 1987, and in 1988 it was made into a television movie written by Joyce Eliason, directed by Larry Peerce, and starring Dale Midkiff as Elvis and Susan Walters as Priscilla. Title: Elvis (miniseries) Passage: Elvis is a 2005 biographical CBS mini-series written by Patrick Sheane Duncan and directed by James Steven Sadwith. It chronicles the rise of American music icon Elvis Presley from his high school years to his international superstardom. Title: Elvis' Christmas Album Passage: Elvis' Christmas Album (also reissued as It's Christmas Time) is the third studio album and first Christmas album by American singer and musician Elvis Presley on RCA Victor, LOC -1035, a deluxe limited edition, released in October 1957, and recorded at Radio Recorders in Hollywood. It has been reissued in numerous different formats since its first release. It spent four weeks at number one on the "Billboard" Top Pop Albums chart, and was the first of two Christmas-themed albums Presley would record, the other being "Elvis Sings the Wonderful World of Christmas", released in 1971. The publication Music Vendor listed Elvis' Christmas Album on their singles charts for two weeks in December 1957 – January 1958, with a peak position of #49. Title: Eric O'Neill Passage: Eric Michael O'Neill (born March 3, 1973) is an American former FBI counter-terrorism and counterintelligence operative. He worked and was entitled as an Investigative Specialist with the Special Surveillance Group (SSG) and played a major role in the arrest, conviction, and life imprisonment of FBI agent Robert Hanssen for spying on behalf of the Soviet Union and the Russian Federation. His book written about this experience, Gray Day: My Undercover Mission to Expose America's First Cyber Spy, was published in spring 2019. He is a public speaker and security expert who currently lectures internationally about espionage and national security, cybersecurity, fraud, corporate diligence and defense, hacking, pursuing dreams and surviving Hollywood. Title: In the Ghetto Passage: ``In the Ghetto ''(originally titled`` The Vicious Circle'') is a song written by Mac Davis and made famous by Elvis Presley, who had a major comeback hit with it in 1969. It was released in 1969 as a 45 rpm single with ``Any Day Now ''as the flip side. Title: My Boy Passage: Elvis Presley recorded a cover version of "My Boy" in late 1973 that was included on his 1974 album "Good Times". Presley's version of the song reached #20 on the "Billboard" pop chart and #17 on "Cash Box". It was a bigger adult contemporary hit, spending one week atop the U.S. and Canadian charts in April 1975. "My Boy also peaked at #14 on the "Billboard" country chart. Title: List of Billboard Hot 100 chart achievements and milestones Passage: Number of singles Artist 38 Madonna 36 Elvis Presley † 34 The Beatles 31 Rihanna 29 Michael Jackson 28 Stevie Wonder Mariah Carey 27 Elton John Janet Jackson 24 Drake Title: Love Me Tender (film) Passage: Love Me Tender is a 1956 American black - and - white CinemaScope motion picture directed by Robert D. Webb, and released by 20th Century Fox on November 15, 1956. The film, named after the song, stars Richard Egan, Debra Paget, and Elvis Presley in his acting debut. It is in the Western genre with musical numbers. As Presley's movie debut, it was the only time in his acting career that he did not receive top billing. Love Me Tender was originally to be titled The Reno Brothers, but when advanced sales of Presley's ``Love Me Tender ''single passed one million -- a first for a single -- the film's title was changed to match. This was the only time that Presley played a historical figure.	[ "Federal Bureau of Investigation", "Eric O'Neill" ]
When did the country, whose cars would eventually become the mass market leaders, give up trying to take Henderson Field in WWII.	February 1943	[]	Title: 1973 oil crisis Passage: The crisis reduced the demand for large cars. Japanese imports, primarily the Toyota Corona, the Toyota Corolla, the Datsun B210, the Datsun 510, the Honda Civic, the Mitsubishi Galant (a captive import from Chrysler sold as the Dodge Colt), the Subaru DL, and later the Honda Accord all had four cylinder engines that were more fuel efficient than the typical American V8 and six cylinder engines. Japanese imports became mass-market leaders with unibody construction and front-wheel drive, which became de facto standards. Title: Eritrea Passage: Eritrea is a multilingual country. The nation has no official language, as the Constitution establishes the "equality of all Eritrean languages". However, Tigrinya serves as the de facto language of national identity. With 2,540,000 total speakers of a population of 5,254,000 in 2006, Tigrinya is the most widely spoken language, particularly in the southern and central parts of Eritrea. Modern Standard Arabic and English serve as de facto working languages, with the latter used in university education and many technical fields. Italian, the former colonial language, is widely used in commerce and is taught as a second language in schools, with a few elderly monolinguals. Title: History of the electric vehicle Passage: The Nissan Leaf, introduced in Japan and the United States in December 2010, became the first modern all - electric, zero tailpipe emission five door family hatchback to be produced for the mass market from a major manufacturer. As of January 2013, the Leaf is also available in Australia, Canada and 17 European countries. Title: Chota (Cherokee town) Passage: Chota (also spelled Chote, Echota, Itsati, and other similar variations) is a historic Overhill Cherokee town site in Monroe County, Tennessee, in the southeastern United States. Developing after nearby Tanasi, from the late 1740s until 1788 Chota was the most important of the Overhill towns, replacing Tanasi as the "de facto" capital of the Cherokee people. Title: Singer Corporation Passage: Singer consolidated enough patents in the field to enable him to engage in mass production, and by 1860, his company was the largest manufacturer of sewing machines in the world. In 1885, Singer produced its first ``vibrating shuttle ''sewing machine, an improvement over contemporary transverse shuttle designs; (see bobbin drivers). Singer began to market its machines internationally in 1855 and won first prize at the Paris World's Fair. The company demonstrated the first workable electric sewing machine at the Philadelphia electric exhibition in 1889 and began mass - producing domestic electric machines in 1910. Singer was also a marketing innovator and was a pioneer in promoting the use of installment payment plans. Title: Leader of the Conservative Party (UK) Passage: Leader of the Conservative Party Incumbent Theresa May since 11 July 2016 Inaugural holder Robert Peel (de facto) Bonar Law (de jure) Formation 1834 (de facto) 1922 (de jure) Title: 2017 Las Vegas shooting Passage: The mass shooting occurred between 10: 05 and 10: 15 p.m. PDT on October 1, 2017, which was the third and final night of the festival. When the shooting began, country music singer Jason Aldean was giving the closing performance. Title: List of countries where Spanish is an official language Passage: Country / Territory Status Population (2014) Regulatory body More information Mexico De facto 120,286,655 Academia Mexicana de la Lengua Mexican Spanish Colombia De jure 48,400,388 Academia Colombiana de la Lengua Colombian Spanish Spain De jure 47,737,941 Real Academia Española Peninsular Spanish Argentina De facto 43,024,374 Academia Argentina de Letras Rioplatense Spanish Peru De jure 30,147,935 Academia Peruana de la Lengua Peruvian Coast Spanish Venezuela De jure 28,868,486 Academia Venezolana de la Lengua Venezuelan Spanish Chile De facto 17,363,894 Academia Chilena de la Lengua Chilean Spanish Ecuador De jure 15,654,411 Academia Ecuatoriana de la Lengua Ecuadorian Spanish Guatemala De jure 14,647,083 Academia Guatemalteca de la Lengua Guatemalan Spanish Cuba De jure 11,047,251 Academia Cubana de la Lengua Cuban Spanish Bolivia De jure 10,631,486 Academia Boliviana de la Lengua Bolivian Spanish Dominican Republic De jure 10,349,741 Academia Dominicana de la Lengua Dominican Spanish Honduras De jure 8,598,561 Academia Hondureña de la Lengua Honduran Spanish Paraguay De jure 6,703,860 Academia Paraguaya de la Lengua Española Paraguayan Spanish El Salvador De jure 6,125,512 Academia Salvadoreña de la Lengua Salvadoran Spanish Nicaragua De facto 5,848,641 Academia Nicaragüense de la Lengua Nicaraguan Spanish Costa Rica De jure 4,755,234 Academia Costarricense de la Lengua Costa Rican Spanish Puerto Rico De jure 3,620,897 Academia Puertorriqueña de la Lengua Española Puerto Rican Spanish Panama De jure 3,608,431 Academia Panameña de la Lengua Panamanian Spanish Uruguay De facto 3,332,972 Academia Nacional de Letras Uruguayan Spanish Equatorial Guinea De jure 1,722,254 Academia Ecuatoguineana de la Lengua Española Equatoguinean Spanish Total 541,302,353 Association of Spanish Language Academies Title: Pacific War Passage: With Japanese and Allied forces occupying various parts of the island, over the following six months both sides poured resources into an escalating battle of attrition on land, at sea, and in the sky. Most of the Japanese aircraft based in the South Pacific were redeployed to the defense of Guadalcanal. Many were lost in numerous engagements with the Allied air forces based at Henderson Field as well as carrier based aircraft. Meanwhile, Japanese ground forces launched repeated attacks on heavily defended US positions around Henderson Field, in which they suffered appalling casualties. To sustain these offensives, resupply was carried out by Japanese convoys, termed the "Tokyo Express" by the Allies. The convoys often faced night battles with enemy naval forces in which they expended destroyers that the IJN could ill-afford to lose. Later fleet battles involving heavier ships and even daytime carrier battles resulted in a stretch of water near Guadalcanal becoming known as "Ironbottom Sound" from the multitude of ships sunk on both sides. However, the Allies were much better able to replace these losses. Finally recognizing that the campaign to recapture Henderson Field and secure Guadalcanal had simply become too costly to continue, the Japanese evacuated the island and withdrew in February 1943. In the sixth month war of attrition, the Japanese had lost as a result of failing to commit enough forces in sufficient time. Title: Nikolai Uglanov Passage: Nikolai Aleksandrovich Uglanov (1886–1937) was a Russian Bolshevik politician who played an important role in the government of the Soviet Union as a Communist Party leader in the city of Moscow during the 1920s. Uglanov was closely associated with the so-called "Right Deviation" associated with Soviet party leader Nikolai Bukharin and he fell from his leadership position during the mass collectivization campaign of 1929. Uglanov was arrested in the summer of 1936 and was executed the following spring during the secret police terror of 1937–38. Title: Languages of Sierra Leone Passage: Sierra Leone is a multilingual country. English is the de facto official language, and Krio is the most widely spoken and is spoken in different countries. Title: Menkheperre Passage: Menkheperre, son of Pharaoh Pinedjem I by wife Duathathor-Henuttawy (daughter of Ramesses XI by wife Tentamon), was the High Priest of Amun at Thebes in Ancient Egypt from 1045 BC to 992 BC and "de facto" ruler of the south of the country. Title: Mini E Passage: The Mini E was a demonstration electric car developed by BMW as a conversion of its Mini Cooper car. The MINI E was developed for field trials and deployed in several countries, including the United States, Germany, UK, France, Japan and China. The field testing of the Mini E was part of BMW Project i, which was followed in January 2012 by a similar trial with the BMW ActiveE, and the last phase of project was the development of the BMW i3 urban electric car, that went into mass production in 2013. In 2019 BMW announced that the mass market Mini Electric will go in to production. Title: List of leaders of the Soviet Union Passage: Under the 1977 Constitution of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR), the Chairman of the Council of Ministers was the head of government and the Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet was the head of state. The office of the Chairman of the Council of Ministers was comparable to a prime minister in the First World, whereas the office of the Chairman of the Presidium was comparable to a president in the First World. In the Soviet Union's seventy - year history there was no official leader of the Soviet Union office, but during most of that era there was a de facto top leader who usually led the country through the office of the Premier or the office of the General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU). In the ideology of Vladimir Lenin the head of the Soviet state was a collegiate body of the vanguard party (see What Is to Be Done?). Title: List of island countries Passage: This is a list of island countries. An island is a land mass (smaller than a continent) that is surrounded by water. Many island countries are spread over an archipelago, as is the case with the Federated States of Micronesia and the Indonesia (which consists of thousands of islands). Others consist of a single island, such as Nauru, or part of an island, such as Haiti. Although Australia is designated as a continent, it is often referred to as an island, as it has no land borders. Some declared island countries are not universally recognized as politically independent, such as Northern Cyprus. Some states, such as Taiwan, officially claim to hold continental territories but are de facto limited to control over islands. Title: Ilze Jaunalksne Passage: Ilze Jaunalksne (born November 19, 1976 in Jūrmala) is a Latvian journalist and was an anchor for the current affairs program "De Facto." In March 2006 on "De Facto", she broke the story of Latvian national political leaders from various different parties buying votes. Her reporting on this caused a minister to be forced to resign, and some high-ranking political figures to be indicted. In retaliation, her phone was illegally tapped and transcripts of her conversations released to the media by her opponents in the government. Title: Arab Federation Passage: The Arab Federation of Iraq and Jordan was a short-lived country that was formed in 1958 from the union of Iraq and Jordan. Although the name implies a federal structure, it was "de facto" a confederation. Title: Party leaders of the United States House of Representatives Passage: In the instance when the Presidency and both Houses of Congress are controlled by one party, the Speaker normally assumes a lower profile and defers to the President. For that situation the House Minority Leader can play the role of a de facto "leader of the opposition", often more so than the Senate Minority Leader, due to the more partisan nature of the House and the greater role of leadership. Minority Leaders who have played prominent roles in opposing the incumbent President have included Gerald Ford, Richard Gephardt, Nancy Pelosi, and John Boehner. Title: Reign of Terror Passage: On 6 April the Committee of Public Safety was created, which gradually became the de facto war - time government. Title: Conservation of mass Passage: The concept of mass conservation is widely used in many fields such as chemistry, mechanics, and fluid dynamics. Historically, mass conservation was discovered in chemical reactions by Antoine Lavoisier in the late 18th century, and was of crucial importance in the progress from alchemy to the modern natural science of chemistry.	[ "Pacific War", "1973 oil crisis" ]
Jack Brennan served in a military organisation founded by who?	Samuel Nicholas	[]	Title: Republic of China Military Police Passage: The Republic of China Military Police (ROCMP; ) is a military police body under the Ministry of National Defense of Taiwan (Republic of China). Unlike military police in many other countries, ROCMP is a separate branch of the ROC Armed Forces. ROCMP is responsible for protecting government leaders from assassination or capture, guarding Taiwan’s strategic facilities, and counterintelligence against enemy infiltrators, spies, and saboteurs. Title: Broadway Federal Bank Passage: The Broadway Federal Bank is a community bank founded in 1946 and based in Los Angeles. As of 2011, it owned and operated three traditional branches and one loan production office. Title: The Over-the-Hill Gang Passage: The Over-the-Hill Gang is a 1969 American made-for-television western comedy film about aging Texas Rangers starring Walter Brennan and Pat O'Brien. Chill Wills, Edgar Buchanan, Andy Devine, and Jack Elam play supporting roles. The film was written by Richard Carr and directed by Jean Yarbrough. Title: Diamond Jack and the Queen of Pain Passage: Diamond Jack and the Queen of Pain is the tenth solo album by Kevin Ayers, a founding member of Soft Machine. Title: Bustec Passage: Bustec was founded in 1997, in Ireland by Dr. Fred Bloennigen, current CEO. In 2000 the company opened its branch in the USA. Title: United States Air Force Passage: The United States Air Force (USAF) is the aerial warfare service branch of the United States Armed Forces and one of the seven American uniformed services. Initially part of the United States Army, the USAF was formed as a separate branch of the military on 18 September 1947 under the National Security Act of 1947. It is the most recent branch of the U.S. military to be formed, and is the largest and one of the world's most technologically advanced air forces. The USAF articulates its core functions as Nuclear Deterrence Operations, Special Operations, Air Superiority, Global Integrated ISR, Space Superiority, Command and Control, Cyberspace Superiority, Personnel Recovery, Global Precision Attack, Building Partnerships, Rapid Global Mobility and Agile Combat Support. Title: Seven Witches Passage: Seven Witches is an American heavy metal band from New Jersey. The band was founded in 1998 by Jack Frost and Bobby Lucas Title: Conahy Shamrocks GAA Passage: Conahy Shamrocks is an Irish Gaelic Athletic Association club situated in the small parish of Conahy, in County Kilkenny, Ireland. The club was founded in 1886, and is therefore one of the oldest in the county. Conahy won the 2008 Junior club All-Ireland in Croke Park defeating Moyle Rovers of Tipperary, Conahy Club member and President of the GAA Nickey Brennan presented the cup to his home club. Title: Diamond Schmitt Architects Passage: Diamond Schmitt Architects is an architectural firm founded in 1975 and located in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Jack Diamond and Donald Schmitt are the founding principals of the firm. Title: NCIS: Los Angeles Passage: NCIS: Los Angeles Genre Police procedural Military Action drama Created by Shane Brennan Starring Chris O'Donnell Peter Cambor Daniela Ruah Adam Jamal Craig LL Cool J Linda Hunt Barrett Foa Eric Christian Olsen Renée Felice Smith Miguel Ferrer Nia Long Theme music composer James S. Levine Composer (s) Jay Ferguson (2010 -- present) James S. Levine (2009 -- 10) Country of origin United States Original language (s) English No. of seasons 9 No. of episodes 205 (list of episodes) Production Executive producer (s) Shane Brennan Cinematography Victor Hammer Russell McElhatton (2013) Running time 42 -- 44 minutes Production company (s) Shane Brennan Productions CBS Television Studios R. Scott Gemmill Productions Distributor CBS Television Distribution Paramount Home Media Distribution (DVD) Release Original network CBS Picture format HDTV 1080i Original release September 22, 2009 (2009 - 09 - 22) -- present Chronology Related shows NCIS External links Official website Title: Christopher Brennan (sailor) Passage: Christopher Brennan (born 1832, date of death unknown) was a Union Navy sailor in the American Civil War and a recipient of the U.S. military's highest decoration, the Medal of Honor, for his actions at the Battle of Forts Jackson and St. Philip. Title: Jacob Brennan Passage: Jacob Brennan (born 24 January 1990) is an Australian rules footballer who previously played for the West Coast Eagles in the Australian Football League (AFL). The son of Michael Brennan, Brennan was drafted at the 2010 National Draft, under the father–son rule. He made his debut for the club during the 2012 season, and played 28 games before being delisted at the end of the 2014 season. Title: Ernest Carroll Moore Passage: Ernest Carroll Moore (1871–1955) was an American educator. He co-founded the University of California, Southern Branch, in Los Angeles, California. Title: Samuel Nicholas Passage: Samuel Nicholas (1744 – 27 August 1790) was the first officer commissioned in the United States Continental Marines (predecessor to the United States Marine Corps) and by tradition is considered to be the first Commandant of the Marine Corps. Title: List of Neighbours characters (2017) Passage: Hamish Roche, played by Sean Taylor, made his first appearance on 4 September 2017. The character's introduction was announced on 16 August 2017, while Taylor's casting details were announced on 28 August 2017. Hamish is Tyler Brennan's (Travis Burns) biological father, who arrives shortly after Tyler's mother Fay Brennan (Zoe Bertram) reveals that she had an affair, while married to Russell Brennan (Russell Kiefel). Bridget McManus of The Sydney Morning Herald described Taylor as being ``marvellously suave ''in his role of Hamish Roche. She also called the character a`` smooth operator'', and thought he worked ``a little too hard ''in his attempt to bond with Tyler and his brothers. McManus found the mystery of why he has a playing card in his wallet to be a`` complicated familial conundrum on which soaps thrive''. Hamish was killed off on 7 November 2017. Title: Jack Brennan Passage: John Vincent Brennan (born August 16, 1937) is a retired United States Marine Corps officer and former political aide. He is best known as being U.S. President Richard Nixon's post-resignation chief of staff. Title: Texas v. Johnson Passage: The opinion of the Court came down as a controversial 5 -- 4 decision, with the majority opinion delivered by William J. Brennan, Jr. and Justices Thurgood Marshall, Harry Blackmun, Antonin Scalia, and Anthony Kennedy joining Brennan, with Kennedy also writing a concurrence. Title: Perfect Time Passage: Perfect Time is a music album by Irish musician Máire Brennan (now known as "Moya Brennan"). This recording was for the Word Records company. It was released in 1998. Title: List of actors with two or more Academy Awards in acting categories Passage: As of 2017, 40 actors and actresses have received two or more Academy Awards in acting categories. Katharine Hepburn leads the way with four Best Actress awards. Five have won three Academy Awards: Ingrid Bergman (two Best Actress awards and one Best Supporting Actress award), Walter Brennan (three Best Supporting Actor awards), Jack Nicholson (two Best Actor awards and one Best Supporting Actor award), Meryl Streep (two Best Actress awards and one Best Supporting Actress award), and Daniel Day - Lewis (three Best Actor awards). Brennan was the first to receive three or more Academy Awards in 1940, followed by Hepburn in 1968, Bergman in 1974, Nicholson in 1997, Streep in 2011, and most recently Day - Lewis in 2012. Of the six, only Nicholson, Streep, and Day - Lewis are still living. Title: NYAV Post Passage: NYAV Post is an American recording studio located in New York City. It was founded by Michael Sinterniklaas in 2000, with a West Coast branch located in Los Angeles, California.	[ "Jack Brennan", "Samuel Nicholas" ]
Who did the actor of Schindler from Schindler's list play in Star Wars?	Qui - Gon Jinn	[ "Qui-Gon Jinn" ]	Title: Schindler's List (soundtrack) Passage: Schindler's List: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack is the film score of the 1993 film of the same name, composed and conducted by John Williams. The original score and songs were composed by Williams, and features violinist Itzhak Perlman. Title: Calendar Girl Murders Passage: Calendar Girl Murders is a 1984 television movie directed by William A. Graham and starred Tom Skerritt and Sharon Stone, who played the part of photographer Cassie Bascomb. Title: Schindler's List Passage: Schindler's List is a 1993 American epic historical period drama film directed and co-produced by Steven Spielberg and scripted by Steven Zaillian. It is based on the novel Schindler's Ark by Australian novelist Thomas Keneally. The film relates a period in the life of Oskar Schindler, an ethnic German businessman, during which he saved the lives of more than a thousand mostly Polish - Jewish refugees from the Holocaust by employing them in his factories during World War II. It stars Liam Neeson as Schindler, Ralph Fiennes as SS officer Amon Göth, and Ben Kingsley as Schindler's Jewish accountant Itzhak Stern. Title: Steven Spielberg Passage: Spielberg prefers working with production members with whom he has developed an existing working relationship. An example of this is his production relationship with Kathleen Kennedy who has served as producer on all his major films from E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial to the recent Lincoln. For cinematography, Allen Daviau, a childhood friend and cinematographer, shot the early Spielberg film Amblin and most of his films up to Empire of the Sun; Janusz Kamiński who has shot every Spielberg film since Schindler's List (see List of film director and cinematographer collaborations); and the film editor Michael Kahn who has edited every film directed by Spielberg from Close Encounters to Munich (except E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial). Most of the DVDs of Spielberg's films have documentaries by Laurent Bouzereau. Title: John Williams Passage: John Towner Williams (born February 8, 1932) is an American composer, conductor, and pianist. With a career spanning over six decades, he has composed some of the most popular, recognizable, and critically acclaimed film scores in cinematic history, including those of the Star Wars series, Jaws, Jaws 2, Close Encounters of the Third Kind, Superman, E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial, the Indiana Jones series, the first two Home Alone films, the first two Jurassic Park films, Schindler's List, and the first three Harry Potter films. Williams has been associated with director Steven Spielberg since 1974, composing music for all but three of his feature films. Other notable works by Williams include theme music for the 1984 Summer Olympic Games, NBC Sunday Night Football, ``The Mission ''theme used by NBC News and Seven News in Australia, the television series Lost in Space and Land of the Giants, and the incidental music for the first season of Gilligan's Island. Williams has also composed numerous classical concertos and other works for orchestral ensembles and solo instruments. From 1980 to 1993 he served as the Boston Pops's principal conductor, and is currently the orchestra's laureate conductor. Title: Omega Doom Passage: Omega Doom is a 1996 American science-fiction action film directed by Albert Pyun and starring Rutger Hauer. It was written by Pyun and Ed Naha. The story, set in a dystopian future, concerns a robot warrior who, during a nuclear winter, plays both sides of a robot civil war in a small town. The film is mostly based on "Yojimbo" by Akira Kurosawa, and it was the third movie in Pyun's "Cyborg Trilogy". It is considered a cult film. Title: When Calls the Heart Passage: The series originally debuted as a two - hour television movie pilot in October 2013, starring Maggie Grace as young teacher Elizabeth Thatcher and Stephen Amell as North West Mounted Police officer Wynn Delaney. In the television series Erin Krakow is cast as her niece, whose name is also Elizabeth Thatcher (played by Poppy Drayton in the movie), and Daniel Lissing plays a Mountie named Jack Thornton, with Lori Loughlin reprising her role as coal mine widow Abigail Stanton. Title: Star Wars Passage: Star Wars The franchise logo, introduced in the original film Created by George Lucas Original work Star Wars (1977) Print publications Novel (s) List of novels Comics List of comics Films and television Film (s) Trilogies: Original trilogy: IV -- A New Hope (1977) V -- The Empire Strikes Back (1980) VI -- Return of the Jedi (1983) Prequel trilogy: I -- The Phantom Menace (1999) II -- Attack of the Clones (2002) III -- Revenge of the Sith (2005) Sequel trilogy: VII -- The Force Awakens (2015) VIII -- The Last Jedi (2017) IX (2019) Anthology films: Rogue One: A Star Wars Story (2016) Solo: A Star Wars Story (2018) Animated film: The Clone Wars (2008) TV films: Holiday Special (1978) Caravan of Courage: An Ewok Adventure (1984) Ewoks: The Battle for Endor (1985) Short film (s) Reflections (2018) Television series Untitled live - action series (2019) Animated series Droids (1985 -- 1986) Ewoks (1985 -- 1986) Clone Wars (2003 -- 2005) The Clone Wars (2008 -- 2014) Rebels (2014 -- 2018) Forces of Destiny (2017 -- present) Resistance (2018) Games Role - playing List of role - playing games Video game (s) List of video games Audio Radio program (s) List of radio dramas Original music Music Miscellaneous Toys Toys Theme park attractions List of theme park attractions Title: War (2007 film) Passage: War is a 2007 American action thriller film directed by Philip G. Atwell in his directorial debut and also featuring Stage Combat by Corey Yuen. The film stars Jet Li and Jason Statham. The film was released in the United States on August 24, 2007. "War" features the second collaboration between Jet Li and Jason Statham, reuniting them for the first time since 2001 film "The One". This movie is being remade in India by the same name. Jason Statham plays an FBI agent determined to take down a mysterious assassin known as Rogue (played by Jet Li), after his partner is murdered. Title: Schindler's List Passage: In the scene where the ghetto is being liquidated by the Nazis, the folk song "Oyfn Pripetshik" (, "On the Cooking Stove") is sung by a children's choir. The song was often sung by Spielberg's grandmother, Becky, to her grandchildren. The clarinet solos heard in the film were recorded by Klezmer virtuoso Giora Feidman. Williams won an Academy Award for Best Original Score for "Schindler's List", his fifth win. Selections from the score were released on a soundtrack album. Title: Jurassic Park (film) Passage: Before Crichton's novel was published, four studios put in bids for its film rights. With the backing of Universal Studios, Spielberg acquired the rights for $1.5 million before its publication in 1990; Crichton was hired for an additional $500,000 to adapt the novel for the screen. Koepp wrote the final draft, which left out much of the novel's exposition and violence and made numerous changes to the characters. Filming took place in California and Hawaii between August and November 1992, and post-production rolled until May 1993, supervised by Spielberg in Poland as he filmed Schindler's List. Title: John Williams Passage: John Towner Williams (born February 8, 1932) is an American composer, conductor, and pianist. With a career spanning over six decades, he has composed some of the most popular, recognizable, and critically acclaimed film scores in cinematic history, including those of the Star Wars series, Jaws, Close Encounters of the Third Kind, Superman, E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial, the Indiana Jones series, the first two Home Alone films, Hook, the first two Jurassic Park films, Schindler's List, and the first three Harry Potter films. Williams has been associated with director Steven Spielberg since 1974, composing music for all but three of his feature films. Other works by Williams include theme music for the 1984 Summer Olympic Games, NBC Sunday Night Football, ``The Mission ''theme used by NBC News and Seven News in Australia, the television series Lost in Space and Land of the Giants, and the incidental music for the first season of Gilligan's Island. Williams has also composed numerous classical concertos and other works for orchestral ensembles and solo instruments. From 1980 to 1993 he served as the Boston Pops's principal conductor, and is currently the orchestra's laureate conductor. Title: Star Wars Passage: Star Wars The Star Wars franchise's logo, introduced in the original film A New Hope Created by George Lucas Original work Star Wars (1977) Print publications Novel (s) List of novels Comics List of comics Films and television Film (s) Trilogies: Original trilogy: IV -- A New Hope (1977) V -- The Empire Strikes Back (1980) VI -- Return of the Jedi (1983) Prequel trilogy: I -- The Phantom Menace (1999) II -- Attack of the Clones (2002) III -- Revenge of the Sith (2005) Sequel trilogy: VII -- The Force Awakens (2015) VIII -- The Last Jedi (2017) IX (2019) Anthology films: Rogue One: A Star Wars Story (2016) Solo: A Star Wars Story (2018) Animated film: The Clone Wars (2008) TV films: Holiday Special (1978) Caravan of Courage: An Ewok Adventure (1984) Ewoks: The Battle for Endor (1985) Television series Untitled live - action series (2019) Animated series Droids (1985 -- 1986) Ewoks (1985 -- 1986) Clone Wars (2003 -- 2005) The Clone Wars (2008 -- 2014) Rebels (2014 -- 2018) Forces of Destiny (2017 -- present) Games Role - playing List of role - playing games Video game (s) List of video games Audio Radio program (s) List of radio dramas Original music Music Miscellaneous Toys Toys Theme park attractions List of theme park attractions Title: Big Pumpkin Passage: Big Pumpkin is a children's book written by Erica Silverman, illustrated by S. D. Schindler, and published by Aladdin Paperbacks in 1992. The story is loosely based on a Russian folktale, "The Gigantic Turnip", and takes place on Halloween as a witch struggles to release her pumpkin from a vine. Title: Jochem Schindler Passage: Jochem Schindler (8 November 1944 in Amstetten, Lower Austria – 24 December 1994 in Prague) was an Austrian Indo-Europeanist. In spite of his comparatively thin bibliography, he made important contributions, in particular to the theory of Proto-Indo-European language nominal inflection and ablaut. Title: The Apartment Passage: Within a few years after "The Apartment"'s release, the routine use of black-and-white film in Hollywood had ended. As of 2014, only two black-and-white movies have won the Academy Award for Best Picture after "The Apartment" did: "Schindler's List" (1993) and "The Artist" (2011). Title: Catwings Passage: Catwings is a series of four American children's picture books written by Ursula K. Le Guin, illustrated by S. D. Schindler, and originally published by Scholastic from 1988 to 1999. It follows the adventures of kittens who were born with wings. "Catwings" is also the title of the first book in the series. The series is in print from Scholastic as of August 2015. Title: Qui-Gon Jinn Passage: Qui - Gon Jinn is a fictional character in the Star Wars franchise, portrayed by Liam Neeson as the main protagonist of the 1999 film Star Wars: Episode I -- The Phantom Menace. Title: John Williams Passage: John Towner Williams (born February 8, 1932) is an American composer, conductor, and pianist. With a career spanning over six decades, he has composed some of the most popular, recognizable, and critically acclaimed film scores in cinematic history, including those of the Star Wars series, Jaws, Close Encounters of the Third Kind, Superman, E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial, the Indiana Jones series, the first two Home Alone films, the first two Jurassic Park films, Schindler's List, and the first three Harry Potter films. Williams has been associated with director Steven Spielberg since 1974, composing music for all but three of his feature films. Other works by Williams include theme music for the 1984 Summer Olympic Games, NBC Sunday Night Football, ``The Mission ''theme used by NBC News and Seven News in Australia, the television series Lost in Space and Land of the Giants, and the incidental music for the first season of Gilligan's Island. Williams has also composed numerous classical concertos and other works for orchestral ensembles and solo instruments. From 1980 to 1993 he served as the Boston Pops's principal conductor, and is currently the orchestra's laureate conductor. Title: Ali-Royal Passage: Ali-Royal was a "leggy, workmanlike" bay horse with a white star and white markings on both of his hind feet, bred at the Coolmore Stud in County Tipperary by Charles H. Wacker III. His sire, Royal Academy won the July Cup at Newmarket and the Breeders' Cup Mile in 1990. At stud, his best winners included the double Irish St Leger winner Oscar Schindler and the Hong Kong champion Bullish Luck. Ali-Royal's dam, Alidiva, who was probably the best horse sired by Chief Singer, won at Listed level and was a half-sister to the Prix d'Ispahan winner Croco Rouge. Alidiva became a very successful broodmare, producing the Group One winners Taipan (Preis von Europa, Premio Roma) and Ali-Royal's full-sister Sleepytime. As a descendant of the broodmare Bourtai, Alidiva came from the same branch of Thoroughbred family 9-f which produced Big Spruce and Coastal.	[ "Schindler's List", "Qui-Gon Jinn" ]
What is the record label of the original performer of We Remain?	RCA Records	[ "RCA" ]	Title: The Edsels Passage: The Edsels were an American doo-wop group active during the late 1950s and early 1960s. The name of the group was originally The Essos, after the oil company, but was changed to match the new Ford automobile, the Edsel. They recorded over 25 songs and had multiple performances on Dick Clark's "American Bandstand". The Edsels were one of the few doo-wop groups to sign with a major record label, as most groups of that era found success with small independent labels; before their national hit "Rama Lama Ding Dong", songs like "What Brought Us Together", "Bone Shaker Joe" and "Do You Love Me" helped the group land a major recording contract with Capitol Records in 1961. Title: Apple Records Passage: Apple Records is a record label founded by the Beatles in 1968 as a division of Apple Corps Ltd. It was initially intended as a creative outlet for the Beatles, both as a group and individually, plus a selection of other artists including Mary Hopkin, James Taylor, Badfinger, and Billy Preston. In practice, the roster had become dominated by the mid-1970s with releases of the former Beatles as solo artists. Allen Klein managed the label from 1969 to 1973, then it was managed by Neil Aspinall on behalf of the Beatles and their heirs. Aspinall retired in 2007 and was replaced by Jeff Jones. Title: Lench Mob Records Passage: Lench Mob Records is an independently owned record label owned by Los Angeles rapper and actor Ice Cube. Founded as Street Knowledge Records, it was once home to many of Cube's former allies such as DJ Pooh, and Lench Mob's own Chilly Chill, Del tha Funkee Homosapien, Kam, Yo Yo and the group Da Lench Mob. The label, established in 1990, remained dormant for a long period until a revival in 2006 with the release of Ice Cube's album "Laugh Now, Cry Later". Lench Mob Records also distributes Bigg Swang Records home to WC, DJ Crazy Toones, Young Maylay and Tha Trapp. Hallway Productionz have produced multiple tracks for the label's two major artists. Title: Mind Funk Passage: Mind Funk (spelled Mindfunk on later releases) were an American rock band containing members of Chemical Waste and several other bands. The band was originally known as "Mind Fuck" but were forced by Epic Records to change their name. They signed to the Sony/Epic-label and released their self-titled debut album in 1991. Guitarist Jason Everman, known for stints on guitar and bass with Nirvana and Soundgarden, joined and later left in September 1994 to join the US Army 2nd Ranger Battalion and the Special Forces. Louis Svitek went on to later perform with Ministry and has since opened his new recording studio and label, Wu-Li Records. John Monte also later performed with Ministry. Title: Sunday Concert Passage: Sunday Concert is Canadian singer Gordon Lightfoot's fifth album, released in 1969 on the United Artists label. Lightfoot's last recording for United Artists, it was also his first live album and until the release of a live DVD in 2002 remained Lightfoot's only officially released live recording. The album was recorded at Massey Hall in Toronto. Title: Matador (Kenny Dorham album) Passage: Matador is an album by American jazz trumpeter Kenny Dorham featuring performances recorded in 1962 and released on the United Artists label. Title: Alvin and the Chipmunks Passage: Alvin and the Chipmunks, originally David Seville and the Chipmunks or simply The Chipmunks, is an American animated music group created by Ross Bagdasarian, Sr., for a novelty record in 1958. The group consists of three singing animated anthropomorphic chipmunks: Alvin, the mischievous troublemaker, who quickly became the star of the group; Simon, the tall, bespectacled intellectual; and Theodore, the chubby, impressionable one. The trio is managed by their human adoptive father, David (Dave) Seville. In reality, ``David Seville ''was Bagdasarian's stage name, and the Chipmunks themselves are named after the executives of their original record label. The characters became a success, and the singing Chipmunks and their manager were given life in several animated cartoon productions, using redrawn, anthropomorphic chipmunks, and eventually films. Title: Group Portrait Passage: Group Portrait is a compilation album by the American band Chicago, released in 1991 by Columbia Records and Legacy Recordings originally, later reissued on the band's Chicago Records label. It includes hits and album cuts from the band's first fourteen albums along with rare tracks. Title: Walkin' After Midnight Passage: "Walkin' After Midnight" is a song written by Alan Block and Donn Hecht and recorded by American country music artist Patsy Cline. The song was originally given to pop singer Kay Starr; however, her label rejected it. The song was left unused until Hecht rediscovered it when writing for Four Star Records. Originally Cline was not fond of "Walkin' After Midnight", but after making a compromise with her label she recorded it. Title: Lotus (Christina Aguilera album) Passage: Lotus is the seventh studio album by American singer and songwriter Christina Aguilera. RCA Records released the album on November 9, 2012. Its music incorporates pop styles with elements of dance-pop, rock in the form of upbeat songs and piano-driven ballads. Aguilera described the album as a "rebirth", drawing inspiration from events in her life, her appearance on "The Voice", and her divorce. The album was recorded at Aguilera's home studio. As executive producer, she collaborated with a wide range of producers, including new partners Alex da Kid, Max Martin, Lucas Secon and Tracklacers. Title: List of artists under the Avex Group Passage: This is a list of artists currently or formerly signed under the Avex Group and its sub-labels in Japan and in other Asian countries. International artists that may be listed here have their music distributed in Japan by Avex Group or its sub-labels. Title: 56 Group Wales Passage: The 56 Group Wales () is an artists' organisation founded in Wales in 1956, with the aim of promoting Welsh Modernist art and artists. The name was originally simply the 56 Group: "Wales" was added in 1967, in response to a feeling that the organisation's "Welsh origins ought to be re-affirmed". The Welsh-language version of the name was first used on publicity in 1976. Title: Cari Lekebusch Passage: Cari Lekebusch (born 1972) is a Swedish electronic music producer and DJ based in Stockholm. His productions range from techno to hip hop. He owns a record label, H. Productions, founded and managed by himself. The original name of the record label was Hybrid productions, but a legal twist in 1998 with the Japanese label Avex Trax's British group Hybrid forced Lekebusch to change his record label name to its present name. His studio is called HP HQ (Hybrid production Headquarters). Title: Ellington '66 Passage: Ellington '66 is an album by American pianist, composer, and bandleader Duke Ellington that was recorded and released on the Reprise label in 1965. The album won a Grammy Award for Best Instrumental Jazz Performance – Large Group or Soloist with Large Group. Title: Beyoncé Passage: The group changed their name to Destiny's Child in 1996, based upon a passage in the Book of Isaiah. In 1997, Destiny's Child released their major label debut song "Killing Time" on the soundtrack to the 1997 film, Men in Black. The following year, the group released their self-titled debut album, scoring their first major hit "No, No, No". The album established the group as a viable act in the music industry, with moderate sales and winning the group three Soul Train Lady of Soul Awards for Best R&B/Soul Album of the Year, Best R&B/Soul or Rap New Artist, and Best R&B/Soul Single for "No, No, No". The group released their multi-platinum second album The Writing's on the Wall in 1999. The record features some of the group's most widely known songs such as "Bills, Bills, Bills", the group's first number-one single, "Jumpin' Jumpin'" and "Say My Name", which became their most successful song at the time, and would remain one of their signature songs. "Say My Name" won the Best R&B Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocals and the Best R&B Song at the 43rd Annual Grammy Awards. The Writing's on the Wall sold more than eight million copies worldwide. During this time, Beyoncé recorded a duet with Marc Nelson, an original member of Boyz II Men, on the song "After All Is Said and Done" for the soundtrack to the 1999 film, The Best Man. Title: East Bionic Symphonia Passage: East Bionic Symphonia were a group of improvisers and artists who studied together under Takehisa Kosugi at the Bigakko artschool in Tokyo in the mid-1970s. As a graduation project they recorded an album of free improvisation that was edited by Kosugi and released on the ALM Records label in 1976. Several of the members went on to have careers in underground music and the visual arts. The remnants of the group reconvened in 1997 under the name Marginal Consort and continue to play annually. Title: Collaboration (Modern Jazz Quartet and Laurindo Almeida album) Passage: Collaboration is an album by American jazz group the Modern Jazz Quartet with Brazilian guitarist Laurindo Almeida featuring performances recorded at Webster Hall in 1964 and released on the Atlantic label. Title: We Remain Passage: "We Remain" is a song by American singer Christina Aguilera, taken from "", the soundtrack to the 2013 American science-fiction adventure film "". It was released as the third single from the soundtrack on October 1, 2013, following Coldplay's "Atlas" and Sia's "Elastic Heart". Composed by Ryan Tedder, Brent Kutzle and Mikky Ekko, "We Remain" is an arena pop power ballad about perseverance. Contemporary music critics lauded the song for its sound and picked it as one of the highlights from the soundtrack. The single appeared on a few national record charts including Belgium, South Korea and the United Kingdom. Title: Gene Harris of the Three Sounds Passage: Gene Harris of the Three Sounds is an album by American pianist Gene Harris recorded in 1972 and released on the Blue Note label. Although the title refers to Harris' group The Three Sounds the album is usually recognised as a solo effort as none of the other original members of the group participated in the recording. Title: Top and Bottom Brass Passage: Top and Bottom Brass is an album by trumpeter Clark Terry featuring performances recorded in early 1959 and originally released on the Riverside label.	[ "We Remain", "Lotus (Christina Aguilera album)" ]
Who is the spouse of the performer of "How Sweet It Is to Be Loved by You"?	Anna Gordy Gaye	[]	Title: Love in an Apartment Hotel Passage: Love in an Apartment Hotel is a 1913 American drama film directed by D. W. Griffith and starring Blanche Sweet. Title: Sweet Caroline Passage: "Sweet Caroline" is a song written and performed by American recording artist Neil Diamond and released in June 1969 as a single with the title "Sweet Caroline (Good Times Never Seemed So Good)". It was arranged by Charles Calello, and recorded at American Sound Studio in Memphis, Tennessee. Title: Vesta Williams Passage: Mary Vesta Williams (December 1, 1957 -- September 22, 2011) was an American singer -- songwriter, who performed across genres such as pop, jazz, adult contemporary and R&B. Originally credited as Vesta Williams, she was simply known as Vesta beginning in the 1990s. She was known for her four -- octave vocal range. She once sang ``The Star - Spangled Banner ''for the Los Angeles Lakers game opener using all four of those octaves. Although Williams never had any albums certified gold nor any Top 40 hits on the Billboard Hot 100, she scored six Top 10 hits on the United States Billboard R&B chart from the mid -- 1980s to the early -- 1990s which included`` Once Bitten, Twice Shy'' (1986), ``Sweet Sweet Love ''(1988),`` Special'' (1993), and her 1989 R&B hit and signature song, ``Congratulations ''. Title: Love in the Hills Passage: Love in the Hills is a 1911 American short silent drama film directed by D. W. Griffith and starring Blanche Sweet. Title: This Sweet Sickness Passage: This Sweet Sickness (1960) is a psychological thriller novel by Patricia Highsmith, about a man who is obsessed with a woman who has rejected his advances. It is a "painful novel about obsessive imaginary love". Title: How Sweet It Is (To Be Loved by You) Passage: ``How Sweet It Is (To Be Loved by You) ''Single by Marvin Gaye from the album How Sweet It Is to Be Loved by You B - side`` Forever'' Released November 4, 1964 Format 7 ''single Recorded July 24, 1964 Studio Hitsville U.S.A. (Studio A) Genre Soul pop rock Length 2: 57 Label Tamla Songwriter (s) Holland -- Dozier -- Holland Producer (s) Brian Holland Lamont Dozier Marvin Gaye singles chronology ``Baby Do n't You Do It'' (1964)`` How Sweet It Is (To Be Loved by You) ''(1964) ``I'll Be Doggone'' (1965)`` Baby Do n't You Do It ''(1964) ``How Sweet It Is (To Be Loved By You)'' (1964)`` I'll Be Doggone ''(1965) Title: Sweet Charles Sherrell Passage: "Sweet" Charles Sherrell (born Charles Emanuel Sherrell, March 8, 1943) is an American bassist known for recording and performing with James Brown. Title: How Sweet It Is to Be Loved by You Passage: How Sweet It Is to Be Loved by You is the fifth studio album released by American singer and songwriter Marvin Gaye, released in 1965. The album features the successful title track, which at the time was his best-selling single. Other hits include "Try It Baby" (which features The Temptations) and "Baby Don't You Do It" (with backing vocals provided by The Andantes). Title: This Sweet Sickness (film) Passage: Dites-lui que je l'aime (English: Tell Her I Love Her) is a 1977 French film directed by Claude Miller and starring Gérard Depardieu and Miou-Miou. It is based on the 1961 novel "This Sweet Sickness" by Patricia Highsmith. Title: Greatest Hits, Vol. 2 (Marvin Gaye album) Passage: Marvin Gaye's Greatest Hits, Vol. 2 is a compilation album of greatest hits, a second compilation by American R&B/soul singer Marvin Gaye, released on the Tamla label in 1967. This album focused on the singer's best hits from 1964 to 1966 including signature hits "How Sweet It Is (To Be Loved By You)" and "Ain't That Peculiar". Title: Horton Hears a Who! (film) Passage: Jim Carrey as Horton the Elephant, an outgoing, big - hearted, loving, sweet, and thoughtful elephant and teacher in the Jungle of Nool. Horton has no tusks, lives by himself and possesses acute hearing abilities. Title: I Don't Want to Miss a Thing Passage: ``I Do n't Want to Miss a Thing ''is a power ballad performed by American hard rock band Aerosmith for the 1998 film Armageddon which Steven Tyler's daughter Liv Tyler starred in. Written by Diane Warren, the song debuted at number one on the U.S. Billboard Hot 100 (the first # 1 for the band after 28 years together). It is one of three songs performed by the band for the film, the other two being`` What Kind of Love Are You On'' and ``Sweet Emotion ''. The song stayed at number one for four weeks from September 5 to 26, 1998. The song also stayed at number 1 for several weeks in several other countries. It sold over a million copies in the UK and reached number four on the UK Singles Chart. Title: Wedding ring Passage: It is commonly believed that the first examples of wedding rings were found in ancient Egypt. Relics dating to 6,000 years ago, including papyrus scrolls, are evidence of the exchange of braided rings of hemp or reeds between spouses. Ancient Egypt considered the circle to be a symbol of eternity, and the ring served to signify the perpetual love of the spouses. This was also the origin of the custom of wearing the wedding ring on the ring finger of the left hand, because the ancient Egyptians believed that this finger enclosed a special vein that was connected directly to the heart, denominated in Latin the ``Vena amoris ''. Title: Baby, I'm for Real Passage: "Baby, I'm for Real" is a soul ballad written by Marvin Gaye and Anna Gordy Gaye, produced by Marvin and recorded and released by American Motown vocal group The Originals for the Soul label issued in 1969. Title: Rhyze Passage: Rhyze was an American R&B and funk band. They are probably best known for their song "Just How Sweet Is Your Love" which was an R&B and dance hit. Much of their output was material written by Paul Kyser and Leon Stuckey. Title: A Sister's Love Passage: A Sister's Love is a 1912 American short silent drama film directed by D. W. Griffith and starring Blanche Sweet. Title: Love That Girl Passage: "Love That Girl" is a song by American recording artist Raphael Saadiq, released as a single on August 5, 2008, by Columbia Records. It was the lead single for Saadiq's 2008 album "The Way I See It". The song was written by Saadiq and co-producer Bobby Ozuna. "Love That Girl" is a Motown-inspired soul song with sweet-natured, innocent lyrics about affection. Title: Sweet Caroline Passage: ``Sweet Caroline ''Single by Neil Diamond B - side`` Dig In'' Released June 1969 Genre Soft rock Length 3: 21 Label Uni / MCA Songwriter (s) Neil Diamond Producer (s) Tommy Cogbill Neil Diamond Chips Moman Neil Diamond singles chronology ``Brother Love's Traveling Salvation Show ''(1969)`` Sweet Caroline'' (1969) ``Holly Holy ''(1969)`` Brother Love's Traveling Salvation Show'' (1969) ``Sweet Caroline ''(1969)`` Holly Holy'' (1969) Title: Never Knew Love Like This Before Passage: ``Never Knew Love Like This Before ''is a song written and produced by songwriters James Mtume and Reggie Lucas for American R&B recording artist Stephanie Mills' second studio album Sweet Sensation (1980). Title: How Sweet It Is (To Be Loved by You) Passage: ``How Sweet It Is (To Be Loved by You) ''is a 1964 song written by the Motown songwriting team of Holland -- Dozier -- Holland and first recorded by American soul singer Marvin Gaye.	[ "How Sweet It Is to Be Loved by You", "Baby, I'm for Real" ]
What is the genus of the thrush found in the country where Pungudutivu Lighthouse is found?	Zoothera	[]	Title: Communications in Somalia Passage: In December 2012, Hormuud Telecom launched its Tri-Band 3G service for internet and mobile clients. The first of its kind in the country, this third generation mobile telecommunications technology offers users a faster and more secure connection. Title: Dog Passage: In Asian countries such as China, Korea, and Japan, dogs are viewed as kind protectors. The role of the dog in Chinese mythology includes a position as one of the twelve animals which cyclically represent years (the zodiacal dog). Title: Buru thrush Passage: The Buru thrush ("Geokichla dumasi") is a species of bird in the family Turdidae. It is endemic to montane rainforest on Buru in Indonesia. Traditionally, it included the Seram thrush as a subspecies, in which case the common name of the 'combined species' was Moluccan thrush. Title: Pungudutivu Lighthouse Passage: Pungudutivu Lighthouse is a lighthouse on the island of Pungudutivu in northern Sri Lanka. The lighthouse has a square tower. Title: Henry T. Lynch Passage: Henry Thompson Lynch (January 4, 1928 – June 2, 2019) was an American physician noted for his discovery of familial susceptibility to certain kinds of cancer and his research into genetic links to cancer. Title: Borneo thrush Passage: The Borneo thrush ("Turdus poliocephalus seebohmi"), also known as the mountain blackbird or locally in Dusun as Luhui tana, is a bird in the thrush family. It is a subspecies of the island thrush ("Turdus poliocephalus") endemic to the island of Borneo. Title: Orlando Brown (actor) Passage: Orlando Brown (born December 4, 1987) is an American actor, voice actor, rapper and singer. He is best known for his roles as Eddie Thomas in That's So Raven, 3J in Family Matters, Tiger in Major Payne, Max in Two of a Kind, Damey Wayne in the short - lived Waynehead, Dobbs in Max Keeble's Big Move, and Frankie in Eddie's Million Dollar Cook - Off. Title: Sri Lanka thrush Passage: The Sri Lanka thrush or Sri Lanka scaly thrush ("Zoothera imbricata") is a member of the thrush family Turdidae. This bird is a non-migratory resident breeder found in south western wetlands of the island of Sri Lanka. Title: Sugartree Passage: Sugartree is the debut studio album by Swedish pop and country singer Jill Johnson. It was released in 1996 and It includes the singles "Shake the Sugartree" and "All Kinds of People". Title: 1995 FIVB Volleyball World Grand Prix Passage: The 1995 FIVB World Grand Prix was the third women's volleyball tournament of its kind, played by eight countries from 18 August to 17 September 1995. The final round was staged in Shanghai. Title: Seekonk Speedway Passage: Seekonk Speedway is a family entertainment venue that features racing of all kinds on a semi-banked 1/3 mile asphalt-paved oval, located on U.S. Route 6 in Seekonk, Massachusetts. Title: All Kinds of Kinds Passage: "All Kinds of Kinds" is a song recorded by American country music artist Miranda Lambert. It was released in June 2013 as the fifth and final single from Lambert's album "Four the Record". As of October 9, 2013, the single had sold 100,000 copies in the United States. It was written by Phillip Coleman and Don Henry. Title: My Kind of Livin' Passage: My Kind of Livin' is the third studio album released by American country music artist Craig Morgan. His highest-selling album to date, it has been certified Gold in the United States by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA). Title: Waitin' on Sundown Passage: Waitin' on Sundown is the third studio album of country music duo Brooks & Dunn. Released in 1994 on Arista Records, it produced the hit singles "She's Not the Cheatin' Kind", "I'll Never Forgive My Heart", "Little Miss Honky Tonk", "You're Gonna Miss Me When I'm Gone", and "Whiskey Under the Bridge". Respectively, these songs peaked at #1, #6, #1, #1, and #5 on the Hot Country Songs charts. Title: In the Best Families Passage: In the Best Families (British title "Even in the Best Families") is a Nero Wolfe detective novel by Rex Stout, first published by the Viking Press in 1950. The story was collected in the omnibus volumes "Five of a Kind" (Viking 1961) and "Triple Zeck" (Viking 1974). Title: European Central Bank Passage: Rescue operations involving sovereign debt have included temporarily moving bad or weak assets off the balance sheets of the weak member banks into the balance sheets of the European Central Bank. Such action is viewed as monetisation and can be seen as an inflationary threat, whereby the strong member countries of the ECB shoulder the burden of monetary expansion (and potential inflation) to save the weak member countries. Most central banks prefer to move weak assets off their balance sheets with some kind of agreement as to how the debt will continue to be serviced. This preference has typically led the ECB to argue that the weaker member countries must: Title: Short-toed rock thrush Passage: The short-toed rock thrush ("Monticola brevipes") is a species of bird in the family Muscicapidae. It is found in Angola, Botswana, Namibia, and South Africa. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical dry shrubland. Title: Different Kind of Fire Passage: Different Kind of Fire is the second studio album by Canadian country music group Prairie Oyster. It was released by RCA Records on April 10, 1990 and served as their debut album in the United States. The album peaked at number 65 on the "RPM" Top Albums chart and number 61 on the "Billboard" Top Country Albums chart. Title: Lord Howe thrush Passage: The Lord Howe thrush ("Turdus poliocephalus vinitinctus"), also known as vinous-tinted thrush or vinous-tinted blackbird, is an extinct subspecies of the island thrush ("Turdus poliocephalus"). It was endemic to Lord Howe Island, an Australian island in the Tasman Sea, where it was also called the doctor bird or ouzel by the islanders. Title: Bad Things (Jace Everett song) Passage: ``Bad Things ''Single by Jace Everett from the album Jace Everett Released 2005 Format Digital download Genre Country Length 2: 44 Label Epic Nashville Songwriter (s) Jace Everett Producer (s) Mark Wright Greg Droman Jace Everett singles chronology`` That's the Kind of Love I'm In'' (2005) ``Bad Things ''(2005)`` Nowhere in the Neighborhood'' (2006) ``That's the Kind of Love I'm In ''(2005)`` Bad Things'' (2005) ``Nowhere in the Neighborhood ''(2006)	[ "Pungudutivu Lighthouse", "Sri Lanka thrush" ]
When did the company that would eventually invent the Gamecube unveil what would be called the NES?	October 18, 1985	[]	Title: Philadelphia Passage: Since the early days of rail transport in the United States, Philadelphia has served as hub for several major rail companies, particularly the Pennsylvania Railroad and the Reading Railroad. The Pennsylvania Railroad first operated Broad Street Station, then 30th Street Station and Suburban Station, and the Reading Railroad operated out of Reading Terminal, now part of the Pennsylvania Convention Center. The two companies also operated competing commuter rail systems in the area, known collectively as the Regional Rail system. The two systems today, for the most part still intact but now connected, operate as a single system under the control of the SEPTA, the regional transit authority. Additionally, the PATCO Speedline subway system and NJ Transit's Atlantic City Line operate successor services to southern New Jersey. Title: Edward A. Calahan Passage: Edward Augustin Calahan (1838 -- 1912) was an American inventor, credited with invention of a ticker tape, gold and stock tickers, and a multiplex telegraph system. Title: USB flash drive Passage: M - Systems, an Israeli company later acquired by SanDisk, filed the first patent for a USB flash drive in April 1999, known as a DiskOnKey. Later in 1999, IBM filed an invention disclosure by one of its employees. Flash drives were sold initially by Trek 2000 International, a company in Singapore, which began selling in early 2000. IBM became the first to sell USB flash drives in the United States in 2000. The initial storage capacity of a flash drive was 8 MB. Another version of the flash drive, described as a pen drive, was also developed. Pua Khein - Seng from Malaysia has been credited with this invention. Patent disputes have arisen over the years, with competing companies including Singaporean company Trek Technology and Chinese company Netac Technology, attempting to enforce their patents. Trek won a suit in Singapore, but has lost battles in other countries. Netac Technology has brought lawsuits against PNY Technologies, Lenovo, aigo, Sony, and Taiwan's Acer and Tai Guen Enterprise Co. Title: PL-01 Passage: PL-01 is a Polish light tank mockup created by OBRUM with support from BAE Systems, based on the Swedish CV90120-T light tank. The concept vehicle was first unveiled at the International Defence Industry Exhibition in Kielce on 2 September 2013. Title: Rotary evaporator Passage: A simple rotary evaporator system was invented by Lyman C. Craig. It was first commercialized by the Swiss company Büchi in 1957. In research the most common form is the 1L bench-top unit, whereas large scale (e.g., 20L-50L) versions are used in pilot plants in commercial chemical operations. Title: New York City Subway Passage: The New York City Subway is a rapid transit system owned by the City of New York and leased to the New York City Transit Authority, a subsidiary agency of the state - run Metropolitan Transportation Authority (MTA). Opened in 1904, the New York City Subway is one of the world's oldest public transit systems, one of the world's most used metro systems, and the metro system with the most stations. It offers service 24 hours per day on every day of the year, though some routes may operate only part - time. Title: MaxPlay Classic Games Volume 1 Passage: MaxPlay Classic Games Volume 1 is a compilation of video games developed by CodeJunkies and published by parent company Datel for the Nintendo GameCube and PlayStation 2. The title was distributed by Ardistel in Europe; it was included as a gift with the purchase of Datel's "Max Memory" memory card for the PlayStation 2. It is the only unlicensed game for the GameCube and one of only a handful for the PlayStation 2. The collection features ten games, all unofficial remakes of classic games. It includes: Title: IBM Passage: Virtually all console gaming systems of the previous generation used microprocessors developed by IBM. The Xbox 360 contains a PowerPC tri-core processor, which was designed and produced by IBM in less than 24 months. Sony's PlayStation 3 features the Cell BE microprocessor designed jointly by IBM, Toshiba, and Sony. IBM also provided the microprocessor that serves as the heart of Nintendo's new Wii U system, which debuted in 2012. The new Power Architecture-based microprocessor includes IBM's latest technology in an energy-saving silicon package. Nintendo's seventh-generation console, Wii, features an IBM chip codenamed Broadway. The older Nintendo GameCube utilizes the Gekko processor, also designed by IBM. Title: Moog synthesizer Passage: Moog synthesizer (pronounced ; often anglicized to , though Robert Moog preferred the former) may refer to any number of analog synthesizers designed by Robert Moog or manufactured by Moog Music, and is commonly used as a generic term for older-generation analog music synthesizers. The Moog company pioneered the commercial manufacture of modular voltage-controlled analog synthesizer systems in the mid 1960s. The technological development that led to the creation of the Moog synthesizer was the invention of the transistor, which enabled researchers like Moog to build electronic music systems that were considerably smaller, cheaper and far more reliable than earlier vacuum tube-based systems. Title: Elevator Passage: The first elevator shaft preceded the first elevator by four years. Construction for Peter Cooper's Cooper Union Foundation building in New York began in 1853. An elevator shaft was included in the design, because Cooper was confident that a safe passenger elevator would soon be invented. The shaft was cylindrical because Cooper thought it was the most efficient design. Later, Otis designed a special elevator for the building. Today the Otis Elevator Company, now a subsidiary of United Technologies Corporation, is the world's largest manufacturer of vertical transport systems. Title: Ticker tape Passage: Although telegraphic printing systems were first invented by Royal Earl House in 1846, early models were fragile, required hand - cranked power, frequently went out of synchronization between sender and receiver, and did not become popular in widespread commercial use. David E. Hughes improved the printing telegraph design with clockwork weight power in 1856, and his design was further improved and became viable for commercial use when George M. Phelps devised a resynchronization system in 1858. The first stock price ticker system using a telegraphic printer was invented by Edward A. Calahan in 1863; he unveiled his device in New York City on November 15, 1867. Early versions of stock tickers provided the first mechanical means of conveying stock prices (``quotes ''), over a long distance over telegraph wiring. In its infancy, the ticker used the same symbols as Morse code as a medium for conveying messages. One of the earliest practical stock ticker machines, the Universal Stock Ticker developed by Thomas Edison in 1869, used alphanumeric characters with a printing speed of approximately one character per second. Title: WWE Day of Reckoning Passage: WWE Day of Reckoning is a professional wrestling video game released for the Nintendo GameCube console in 2004. The game is based on World Wrestling Entertainment and many of the wrestlers who were on the WWE roster at the time of release were included as player characters. The game also features the option to create wrestlers. Title: Wii Passage: The console was conceived in 2001, as the Nintendo GameCube was first released. According to an interview with Nintendo game designer Shigeru Miyamoto, the concept involved focusing on a new form of player interaction. "The consensus was that power isn't everything for a console. Too many powerful consoles can't coexist. It's like having only ferocious dinosaurs. They might fight and hasten their own extinction."In 2003, game engineers and designers were brought together to develop the concept further. By 2005 the controller interface had taken form, but a public showing at that year's Electronic Entertainment Expo (E3) was canceled. Miyamoto stated that the company "had some troubleshooting to do. So we decided not to reveal the controller and instead we displayed just the console." Nintendo president Satoru Iwata later unveiled and demonstrated the Wii Remote at the September Tokyo Game Show.The Nintendo DS is said to have influenced the Wii's design. Designer Ken'ichiro Ashida noted, "We had the DS on our minds as we worked on the Wii. We thought about copying the DS's touch-panel interface and even came up with a prototype." The idea was eventually rejected because of the notion that the two gaming systems would be identical. Miyamoto also stated, "[...] if the DS had flopped, we might have taken the Wii back to the drawing board." In June 2011 Nintendo unveiled the prototype of its successor to the Wii, to be known as the Wii U. Title: Air conditioning Passage: In 1902, the first modern electrical air conditioning unit was invented by Willis Carrier in Buffalo, New York. After graduating from Cornell University, Carrier found a job at the Buffalo Forge Company. While there, he began experimenting with air conditioning as a way to solve an application problem for the Sackett - Wilhelms Lithographing and Publishing Company in Brooklyn, New York. The first air conditioner, designed and built in Buffalo by Carrier, began working on 17 July 1902. Title: Mazzeo system Passage: The Mazzeo system is a key system for the clarinet invented by Rosario Mazzeo in the 1950s, and is a modification of the Boehm system. Exclusive mass-production rights were given to the Selmer company, although only 13,000 were made. Many are now in museums, but some are in private collections or can be found for sale. Selmer's "Bundy" line of Resonite student instruments included a Mazzeo model. Title: Perry Kivolowitz Passage: Perry Kivolowitz (born 1961) is an American computer scientist and business person. In 1985, he co-founded Advanced Systems Design Group which built hardware for the Commodore Amiga. This company was renamed Elastic Reality, Inc. and became well known as a digital imaging software provider. In 1987, Kivolowitz invented the recoverable ram drive In 1995 this company sold to Avid Technology, Inc. Title: Lamborghini Egoista Passage: The Lamborghini Egoista is a concept car unveiled by Lamborghini for the company's 50th anniversary. The fully functioning model is based on the Gallardo. It features a V10 engine producing . Title: Samsung Galaxy Alpha Passage: Samsung Galaxy Alpha is an Android smartphone produced by Samsung Electronics. Unveiled on 13 August 2014, the device was released in September 2014. A high - end device, the Galaxy Alpha is Samsung's first smartphone to incorporate a metallic frame, although the remainder of its physical appearance still resembles previous models such as the Galaxy S5. It also incorporates Samsung's new Exynos 5430 system - on - chip, which is the first mobile system - on - chip to use a 20 nanometer manufacturing process. Title: Volkswagen Taigun Passage: The Volkswagen Taigun is a new subcompact crossover SUV, which was to be unveiled by the Volkswagen Group for the model year of 2016. Title: Nintendo Entertainment System Passage: At June 1985's Consumer Electronics Show (CES), Nintendo unveiled the American version of its Famicom. This is the system which would eventually be officially deployed as the Nintendo Entertainment System, or the colloquial "NES". Nintendo seeded these first systems to limited American test markets starting in New York City on October 18, 1985, following up with a full-fledged North American release of the console in February of the following year. Nintendo released 17 launch titles: 10-Yard Fight, Baseball, Clu Clu Land, Duck Hunt, Excitebike, Golf, Gyromite, Hogan’s Alley, Ice Climber, Kung Fu, Pinball, Soccer, Stack-Up, Tennis, Wild Gunman, Wrecking Crew, and Super Mario Bros.h[›] Some varieties of these launch games contained Famicom chips with an adapter inside the cartridge so they would play on North American consoles, which is why the title screen of Gyromite has the Famicom title "Robot Gyro" and the title screen of Stack-Up has the Famicom title "Robot Block".	[ "Nintendo Entertainment System", "Wii" ]
How many congressional districts are there in the state where Strawberry Hill is located?	4	[]	Title: States of Germany Passage: Local associations of a special kind are an amalgamation of one or more Landkreise with one or more Kreisfreie Städte to form a replacement of the aforementioned administrative entities at the district level. They are intended to implement simplification of administration at that level. Typically, a district-free city or town and its urban hinterland are grouped into such an association, or Kommunalverband besonderer Art. Such an organization requires the issuing of special laws by the governing state, since they are not covered by the normal administrative structure of the respective states. Title: Kansas's congressional districts Passage: Kansas is currently divided into 4 congressional districts, each represented by a member of the United States House of Representatives. The number of districts in Kansas remained unchanged after the 2010 Census. Title: California's 48th congressional district Passage: California's 48th congressional district is a congressional district in the U.S. state of California based in Orange County in Southern California. It is currently represented by Democrat Harley Rouda. Title: Surgutsky District Passage: Surgutsky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the nine in Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug, Russia. It is located in the center of the autonomous okrug. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Surgut (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population: 113,515 (2010 Census); Title: Strawberry Hill (Kansas City, Kansas) Passage: Strawberry Hill is a Kansas City, Kansas neighborhood on the bluffs overlooking the confluence of the Kansas and Missouri Rivers. It is now a mainly South Slavic community. Title: Biysky District Passage: Biysky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-nine in Altai Krai, Russia. It is located in the east of the krai and borders with Zonalny, Tselinny, Soltonsky, Krasnogorsky, Sovetsky, and Smolensky Districts, as well as with the territory of the City of Biysk. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Biysk (which is not administratively a part of the district). District's population: Title: Teykovsky District Passage: Teykovsky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the twenty-one in Ivanovo Oblast, Russia. It is located in the southwest of the oblast. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the town of Teykovo (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population: 14,418 (2002 Census); Title: Ap Lo Chun Passage: Ap Lo Chun () is a small island in the New Territories of Hong Kong. It is located in Ap Chau Bay () between Ap Chau in the east and Sai Ap Chau in the west, with the islet of Ap Tan Pai nearby in the northeast. It is under the administration of North District. Title: Missouri's 8th congressional district Passage: Missouri's 8th Congressional District is one of 435 congressional districts in the United States and one of eight congressional districts in the state of Missouri. The district encompasses rural Southeast Missouri and South Central Missouri as well as some counties in Southwest Missouri. The district stretches from the Bootheel in the south to the St. Louis southern exurbs of Festus, Hillsboro, and surrounding areas in the Lead Belt; it ranges in the east to counties along the Mississippi River and in the west to counties along the Ozark Plateau near Branson. Title: Serpukhovsky District Passage: Serpukhovsky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the thirty-six in Moscow Oblast, Russia. It is located in the south of the oblast. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Serpukhov (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population: 35,173 (2010 Census); Title: Bogotá Passage: Bogotá (/ ˈboʊɡətɑː /, / ˌbɒɡəˈtɑː /, / ˌboʊ - /; Spanish pronunciation: (boɣoˈta) (listen)), officially Bogotá, Distrito Capital, abbreviated Bogotá, D.C., and formerly known as Santafé de Bogotá between 1991 and 2000, is the capital and largest city of Colombia, administered as the Capital District, although often thought of as part of Cundinamarca. Bogotá is a territorial entity of the first order, with the same administrative status as the departments of Colombia. It is the political, economic, administrative, industrial, artistic, cultural, and sports center of the country. Title: Kineshemsky District Passage: Kineshemsky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the twenty-one in Ivanovo Oblast, Russia. It is located in the northeast of the oblast. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the town of Kineshma (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population: 27,650 (2002 Census); Title: Robert Bergland Passage: Robert Selmer Bergland (July 22, 1928 – December 9, 2018) was an American politician. He served as a member of the House of Representatives from Minnesota's 7th congressional district from 1971 to 1977, and he served as United States Secretary of Agriculture from 1977 until 1981, during the administration of President Jimmy Carter. Title: Tutayevsky District Passage: Tutayevsky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the seventeen in Yaroslavl Oblast, Russia. It is located in the northern central part of the oblast. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the town of Tutayev (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population: 15,949 (2010 Census); Title: Orenburgsky District Passage: Orenburgsky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the thirty-five in Orenburg Oblast, Russia. It is located in the center of the oblast. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Orenburg (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population: 74,404 (2010 Census); Title: Nefteyugansky District Passage: Nefteyugansky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the nine in Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug, Russia. It is located in the south of the autonomous okrug. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Nefteyugansk (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population: 44,815 (2010 Census); Title: Kansas's 4th congressional district Passage: Kansas's 4th Congressional District is a Congressional District in the U.S. state of Kansas. Based in the south central part of the state, the district encompasses the city of Wichita and surrounding areas. Title: Bani Walid District Passage: Bani Walid or Ben Walid, prior to 2007, was one of the districts of Libya, administrative town Bani Walid. In the 2007 administrative reorganization the territory formerly in Bani Walid District was transferred to Misrata District. Title: Khabarovsky District Passage: Khabarovsky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the seventeen in Khabarovsk Krai, Russia. It consists of two unconnected segments separated by the territory of Amursky District, which are located in the southwest of the krai. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Khabarovsk (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population: Title: Yeletsky District Passage: Yeletsky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the eighteen in Lipetsk Oblast, Russia. It is located in the western central part of the oblast. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Yelets (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population: 29,627 (2002 Census);	[ "Kansas's congressional districts", "Strawberry Hill (Kansas City, Kansas)" ]
Who played the performer of "One Minute Past Eternity" on Walk the Line?	Waylon Malloy Payne	[ "Waylon Payne" ]	Title: San Antonio River Walk Passage: The San Antonio River Walk (also known as Paseo del Río or simply as the River Walk) is a network of walkways along the banks of the San Antonio River, one story beneath the streets of San Antonio, Texas, USA. Lined by bars, shops, restaurants, nature, and public art, the River Walk is an important part of the city's urban fabric and a tourist attraction in its own right. Title: Gymnastics Passage: In the past, the floor exercise event was executed on the bare floor or mats such as wrestling mats. Today, the floor event occurs on a carpeted 12m × 12m square, usually consisting of hard foam over a layer of plywood, which is supported by springs or foam blocks generally called a "spring" floor. This provides a firm surface that provides extra bounce or spring when compressed, allowing gymnasts to achieve greater height and a softer landing after the composed skill. Gymnasts perform a choreographed routine up to 90 seconds in the floor exercise event; Depending on the level, they may choose their own, or, if known as a "compulsory gymnast," default music must be played. In some gymnastic associations such as United States Association of Gymnastic Clubs (USAIGC), gymnasts are allowed to have vocals in their music but at USA Gymnastics competitions a large deduction is taken from the score for having vocals in the music. The routine should consist of tumbling lines, series of jumps, leaps, dance elements, acrobatic skills, and turns, or piviots, on one foot. A gymnast can perform up to four tumbling lines that usually includes at least one flight element without hand support. Each level of gymnastics requires the athlete to perform a different number of tumbling passes. In level 7 in the United States, a gymnast is required to do 2–3, and in levels 8–10, at least 3–4 tumbling passes are required. Title: Waylon Payne Passage: Waylon Malloy Payne (born April 5, 1972) is an American country singer, songwriter, musician and actor. He is the son of the country singer Sammi Smith. Title: American Idol Passage: Chris Daughtry's performance of Fuel's "Hemorrhage (In My Hands)" on the show was widely praised and led to an invitation to join the band as Fuel's new lead singer, an invitation he declined. His performance of Live's version of "I Walk the Line" was well received by the judges but later criticized in some quarters for not crediting the arrangement to Live. He was eliminated at the top four in a shocking result. Title: 2016 FA Cup Final Passage: Crystal Palace took the lead in the 78th minute when Jason Puncheon brought the ball down from a ball played into the penalty box by Joel Ward and cut in on the left before firing past David de Gea at his near post with his left foot. Manager Alan Pardew celebrated this goal by doing a dance on the touchline It was 1 -- 1 in the 81st minute when Juan Mata scored from ten yards out with a low shot from the left after a chest down from Marouane Fellaini after a cross from Wayne Rooney on the right, with the ball taking a slight deflection and going through the legs of Joel Ward on the goal line. The match went to extra-time and just before the end of the first period, Chris Smalling was sent - off for a tackle on Yannick Bolasie near the halfway line. With 10 minutes to go Jesse Lingard scored the winner for Man Utd with a right foot volley from inside the penalty area which flew past Wayne Hennessey before he could move. Title: Bellas Artes metro station Passage: Bellas Artes is an underground metro station on the Line 5 of the Santiago Metro. It has platforms narrower than those of the older Santiago's metro stations and has only one exit. Chilean National Museum of Fine Arts, which is located on Parque Forestal, and Santa Lucía Hill are within walking distance from the station. Title: Daylight saving time Passage: Clock shifts are usually scheduled near a weekend midnight to lessen disruption to weekday schedules. A one-hour shift is customary, but Australia's Lord Howe Island uses a half-hour shift. Twenty-minute and two-hour shifts have been used in the past. Title: Bob Lawrence Passage: Robert Andrew "Bob" Lawrence (December 14, 1899 – November 6, 1983) was a Major League Baseball pitcher who played in one game for the Chicago White Sox on July 19, 1924. He pitched in one inning and recorded one strikeout. He allowed one hit, one earned run, and one walk. Title: Love Shine a Light Passage: ``Love Shine a Light ''was the winner of the Eurovision Song Contest 1997, performed by Katrina and the Waves as the 1997 Eurovision entrant by the UK and the lead single from the album Walk on Water. It is the group's biggest success since`` Walking on Sunshine'' 12 years earlier. Title: Phonograph record Passage: Terms such as "long-play" (LP) and "extended-play" (EP) describe multi-track records that play much longer than the single-item-per-side records, which typically do not go much past four minutes per side. An LP can play for up to 30 minutes per side, though most played for about 22 minutes per side, bringing the total playing time of a typical LP recording to about forty-five minutes. Many pre-1952 LPs, however, played for about 15 minutes per side. The 7-inch 45 rpm format normally contains one item per side but a 7-inch EP could achieve recording times of 10 to 15 minutes at the expense of attenuating and compressing the sound to reduce the width required by the groove. EP discs were generally used to make available tracks not on singles including tracks on LPs albums in a smaller, less expensive format for those who had only 45 rpm players. The large center hole on 7-inch 45 rpm records allows for easier handling by jukebox mechanisms. The term "album", originally used to mean a "book" with liner notes, holding several 78 rpm records each in its own "page" or sleeve, no longer has any relation to the physical format: a single LP record, or nowadays more typically a compact disc. Title: Tucson, Arizona Passage: For the past 25 years, the Tucson Folk Festival has taken place the first Saturday and Sunday of May in downtown Tucson's El Presidio Park. In addition to nationally known headline acts each evening, the Festival highlights over 100 local and regional musicians on five stages is one of the largest free festivals in the country. All stages are within easy walking distance. Organized by the Tucson Kitchen Musicians Association, volunteers make this festival possible. KXCI 91.3-FM, Arizona's only community radio station, is a major partner, broadcasting from the Plaza Stage throughout the weekend. In addition, there are numerous workshops, events for children, sing-alongs, and a popular singer/songwriter contest. Musicians typically play 30-minute sets, supported by professional audio staff volunteers. A variety of food and crafts are available at the festival, as well as local micro-brews. All proceeds from sales go to fund future festivals. Title: Game score Passage: The highest game score for a nine - inning game in the history of baseball is Kerry Wood's one - hit, no walk, 20 - strikeout shutout performance for the Chicago Cubs against the Houston Astros on May 6, 1998. His game score was 105 (50 + 27 + 10 + 20 -- 2). Title: Love Is Eternal While It Lasts Passage: Love Is Eternal While It Lasts (, also known as "Love Is Eternal, as Long as It Lasts") is a 2004 Italian romantic comedy film written, directed and starred by Carlo Verdone. For her performance Laura Morante won the Nastro d'Argento for best actress. Title: Going Home (Once Upon a Time) Passage: ``Going Home ''is the eleventh episode of the third season of the American fantasy drama series Once Upon a Time, and the show's 55th episode overall. The episode served as the season's winter finale, and marked the first time in the series that six different story lines were used: four involving the character's past, one in the present, and a combined alternate past / fast forward outcome, the latter setting things up for a new chapter in the series. Title: Teatro Carignano Passage: The Teatro Carignano (Carignano Theatre) is a theatre in Turin and one of the oldest and most important theatres in Italy. Designed by Benedetto Alfieri, it is located opposite the Palazzo Carignano. Building commenced in 1752 and the theatre was inaugurated the following year with a performance of Baldassare Galuppi's opera, "Calamità de' cuori". Much of the theatre was destroyed in a fire in 1786, but it was rebuilt in a few months using Alfieri's original plans. Since then it has undergone several renovations. Although today it is primarily used for performances of plays, in the past it was an important opera house. The theatre is owned by the City of Turin but administered by the theatre company, Teatro Stabile di Torino, and is one of the company's principal performing venues. Title: Barney Miller Passage: The show's instrumental jazz fusion theme music, written by Jack Elliott and Allyn Ferguson, opens with a distinctive bass line performed by studio musician Chuck Berghofer. The bass line was improvised by Berghofer at the request of producer Dominik Hauser: ``Can you do something on the bass? This guy is a cop in New York. Can we just start it out with the bass? ''The theme song was ranked # 23 and # 27, respectively, by Complex and Paste magazines, in their lists of`` best TV theme songs''. Title: Dorimcheon Passage: The Dorimcheon is a river in Seoul, South Korea. It has its source in the valley between Gwanaksan and Samseongsan in southern Seoul and flows north, past Seoul National University. From Sillim Station to Daerim Station, it is covered by Line 2 of the Seoul Subway, which is elevated above the stream for this distance, so it is still possible to walk alongside the waterway. The river empties into the Anyangcheon 250m beyond the western the end of Dorimcheon Station's platforms. Title: San Antonio River Walk Passage: The San Antonio River Walk (also known as Paseo del Río or simply as The River Walk) is a city park and network of walkways along the banks of the San Antonio River, one story beneath the streets of San Antonio, Texas, USA. Lined by bars, shops, restaurants, nature, public artwork, and the five historic missions, the River Walk is an important part of the city's urban fabric and a tourist attraction in its own right. Title: Canadian football Passage: Penalties never result in a score for the offence. For example, a point-of-foul infraction committed by the defence in their end zone is not ruled a touchdown, but instead advances the ball to the one-yard line with an automatic first down. For a distance penalty, if the yardage is greater than half the distance to the goal line, then the ball is advanced half the distance to the goal line, though only up to the one-yard line (unlike American football, in Canadian football no scrimmage may start inside either one-yard line). If the original penalty yardage would have resulted in a first down or moving the ball past the goal line, a first down is awarded. Title: One Minute Past Eternity Passage: "One Minute Past Eternity" is a song written by William E. Taylor and Stanley Kesler, and performed by Jerry Lee Lewis. It was released in November 1969 as the second and final single from the album, "The Golden Cream of the Country". The song peaked at number 2 on both the U.S. "Billboard" Hot Country Singles chart and the Canadian "RPM" Country Tracks chart.	[ "One Minute Past Eternity", "Waylon Payne" ]
What theater sits on the campus that is the largest employer in Kevin Colley's place of birth?	Yale University Theatre	[ "Yale", "Yale University" ]	Title: List of numbered streets in Manhattan Passage: 114th Street marks the southern boundary of Columbia University’s Morningside Heights Campus and is the location of Butler Library, which is the University’s largest. Title: New Haven, Connecticut Passage: New Haven's economy originally was based in manufacturing, but the postwar period brought rapid industrial decline; the entire Northeast was affected, and medium-sized cities with large working-class populations, like New Haven, were hit particularly hard. Simultaneously, the growth and expansion of Yale University further affected the economic shift. Today, over half (56%) of the city's economy is now made up of services, in particular education and health care; Yale is the city's largest employer, followed by Yale – New Haven Hospital. Other large employers include St. Raphael Hospital, Smilow Cancer Hospital, Southern Connecticut State University, Assa Abloy Manufacturing, the Knights of Columbus headquarters, Higher One, Alexion Pharmaceuticals, Covidien and United Illuminating. Yale and Yale-New Haven are also among the largest employers in the state, and provide more $100,000+-salaried positions than any other employer in Connecticut.[citation needed] Title: This Is Us Passage: Most episodes feature a storyline taking place in the present (2016 -- 2018, contemporaneous with airing) and a storyline taking place at a set time in the past; but some episodes are set in one time period or use multiple flashback time periods. Flashbacks often focus on Jack and Rebecca c. 1980 both before and after their babies' birth, or on the family when the Big Three are children (at least ages 8 -- 10) or adolescents; these scenes usually take place in Pittsburgh, where the Big Three are born and raised. Various other time periods and locations have also served a settings. As adults, Kate lives in Los Angeles, Randall and his family are in New Jersey, and Kevin relocates from Los Angeles to New York City. Title: The Ballad of Nessie Passage: The Ballad of Nessie is a 2011 traditionally animated short film produced by Walt Disney Animation Studios. It was directed by Stevie Wermers-Skelton and Kevin Deters, and produced by the team behind "How to Hook Up Your Home Theater". Title: Rothko Chapel Passage: The Rothko Chapel is a non-denominational chapel in Houston, Texas, founded by John and Dominique de Menil. The interior serves not only as a chapel, but also as a major work of modern art. On its walls are fourteen black but color-hued paintings by Mark Rothko. The shape of the building, an octagon inscribed in a Greek cross, and the design of the chapel was largely influenced by the artist. The chapel sits two miles southwest of downtown in a suburban neighborhood situated between the building housing the Menil Collection and the Chapel of Saint Basil on the campus of the University of Saint Thomas. Title: Detroit Passage: Within the city of Detroit, there are over a dozen major hospitals which include the Detroit Medical Center (DMC), Henry Ford Health System, St. John Health System, and the John D. Dingell VA Medical Center. The DMC, a regional Level I trauma center, consists of Detroit Receiving Hospital and University Health Center, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Harper University Hospital, Hutzel Women's Hospital, Kresge Eye Institute, Rehabilitation Institute of Michigan, Sinai-Grace Hospital, and the Karmanos Cancer Institute. The DMC has more than 2,000 licensed beds and 3,000 affiliated physicians. It is the largest private employer in the City of Detroit. The center is staffed by physicians from the Wayne State University School of Medicine, the largest single-campus medical school in the United States, and the United States' fourth largest medical school overall. Title: USS Kraken (SS-370) Passage: "Kraken" commissioned in September 1944 and saw action during the last year of World War II, serving in the Pacific Theater and making four war patrols. In 1946 she was placed in reserve. Title: Huntridge Theater Passage: Huntridge Theater sometimes known as the Huntridge Performing Arts Theater is a Streamline Moderne building located in Las Vegas, Nevada that is listed on the United States National Register of Historic Places. The building was designed by S. Charles Lee. Title: Minister of Railways (India) Passage: The Minister of Railways is the head of the Ministry of Railways of the Government of India. The railway minister is usually accorded a cabinet rank, and is responsible for Indian Railways, one of the largest employers in the world. An important responsibility of the railway minister is to present in Parliament the Railway Budget, the Annual Financial Statement of Indian Railways. Piyush Goyal of the Bharatiya Janata Party is the current Minister of Railways, serving since 3 September 2017. Railways Minister (India) Title: New Haven, Connecticut Passage: New Haven is a notable center for higher education. Yale University, at the heart of downtown, is one of the city's best known features and its largest employer. New Haven is also home to Southern Connecticut State University, part of the Connecticut State University System, and Albertus Magnus College, a private institution. Gateway Community College has a campus in downtown New Haven, formerly located in the Long Wharf district; Gateway consolidated into one campus downtown into a new state-of-the-art campus (on the site of the old Macy's building) and was open for the Fall 2012 semester. Title: New Haven, Connecticut Passage: The city hosts numerous theatres and production houses, including the Yale Repertory Theatre, the Long Wharf Theatre, and the Shubert Theatre. There is also theatre activity from the Yale School of Drama, which works through the Yale University Theatre and the student-run Yale Cabaret. Southern Connecticut State University hosts the Lyman Center for the Performing Arts. The shuttered Palace Theatre (opposite the Shubert Theatre) is being renovated and will reopen as the College Street Music Hall in May, 2015. Smaller theatres include the Little Theater on Lincoln Street. Cooperative Arts and Humanities High School also boasts a state-of-the-art theatre on College Street. The theatre is used for student productions as well as the home to weekly services to a local non-denominational church, the City Church New Haven. Title: Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles Passage: Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles Art by Kevin Eastman Publication information Publisher Mirage Studios First appearance Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles # 1 (May 1984) Created by Kevin Eastman Peter Laird In - story information Base (s) Manhattan, New York City Member (s) Leonardo Donatello Michelangelo Raphael Title: Janice H. Levin Passage: She was a donor to the New York University School of Medicine, where she established the Janice H. Levin Student Scholarship Fund and served on its Foundation Board from 1998 to 2001. The Michael James Levin Playground in Central Park is named after her late son. The Janice H. Levin Building as well as the Philip J. Levin Theater on the campus of Rutgers University in Piscataway, New Jersey are the result of charitable donations made by Levin. Title: Battle of Majuba Hill Passage: The Battle of Majuba Hill (near Volksrust, South Africa) on 27 February 1881 was the final and decisive battle of the First Boer War. It was a resounding victory for the Boers and the battle is considered to have been one of the most humiliating defeats of British arms in history. Maj. Gen. Sir George Pomeroy Colley occupied the summit of the hill on the night of 26–27 February 1881. Colley's motive for occupying Majuba Hill may have been anxiety that the Boers would soon occupy it themselves, Colley having witnessed their trenches being dug in the direction of the hill. The Boers believed that he might have been attempting to outflank their positions at Laing's Nek. The hill was not considered to be scalable by the Boers, for military purposes, and hence it may have been Colley's attempt to emphasise British power and strike fear into the Boer camp. Title: Employer Identification Number Passage: The Employer Identification Number (EIN), also known as the Federal Employer Identification Number (FEIN) or the Federal Tax Identification Number, is a unique nine - digit number assigned by the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) to business entities operating in the United States for the purposes of identification. When the number is used for identification rather than employment tax reporting, it is usually referred to as a Taxpayer Identification Number (TIN), and when used for the purposes of reporting employment taxes, it is usually referred to as an EIN. These numbers are used for tax administration and must be not used for any other purpose. For example, the EIN should not be used in tax lien auction or sales, lotteries, etc. Title: List of drive-in theaters Passage: The first drive - in was opened in 1933 in New Jersey. In 2017 there exist about 330 operating drive - in theaters in the United States, down from a peak of about 4,000 in the late 1950's. At least six are listed on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP). Notable U.S. examples include: Title: Reay Parish Church Passage: Reay Parish Church is a Church of Scotland parish church serving Reay, Caithness. It is one of the most northerly communities on the Scottish mainland, located several miles to west of Thurso. The largest local employer is the Dounreay nuclear facility. Title: J. J. Pickle Research Campus Passage: The J. J. Pickle Research Campus (PRC) in Austin, Texas, United States is owned and operated by the University of Texas at Austin. It sits on 475 acres (1.9 km²) in northwest Austin, approximately 9 miles (14 km) north of the main UT campus and just south of the Domain. Title: Richmond Medical Center Passage: Richmond Medical Center also known as Kaiser Richmond, Kaiser Foundation Hospital Richmond and RMC, is a large Kaiser Permanente hospital in downtown Richmond, California which serves 77,000 members registered under its medical plans. It opened in 1995 replacing the historic 1942 Richmond Field Hospital that serviced Liberty shipyard workers and thus gave birth to the HMO. However it was deemed seismically unsafe and this new campus was built. Title: Kevin Colley Passage: Kevin Colley (born January 4, 1979 in New Haven, Connecticut) is a retired American-born Canadian ice hockey right winger who played for the New York Islanders of the NHL, and is the head coach of the Arizona Sundogs of the CHL. He was raised in Collingwood, Ontario. Colley was signed as a free agent by the Islanders on June 11, 2004. Colley fractured his fifth cervical vertebra in a game against the Washington Capitals on January 31, 2006. As a result of the injuries sustained to his neck and at the behest of his doctors, Colley officially retired from professional ice hockey on February 24, 2006. Colley's father, Tom, was a former NHL player.	[ "New Haven, Connecticut", "Kevin Colley" ]
When did the performer of the song My Old Friend release his first album?	1993	[]	Title: Tim McGraw Passage: Tim McGraw (1993) Not a Moment Too Soon (1994) All I Want (1995) Everywhere (1997) A Place in the Sun (1999) Set This Circus Down (2001) Tim McGraw and the Dancehall Doctors (2002) Live Like You Were Dying (2004) Let It Go (2007) Southern Voice (2009) Emotional Traffic (2012) Two Lanes of Freedom (2013) Sundown Heaven Town (2014) Damn Country Music (2015) The Rest of Our Life (with Faith Hill) (2017) Title: I'm Coming Out Passage: ``I'm Coming Out ''One of the cover arts for German vinyl singles Single by Diana Ross from the album Diana B - side`` Give Up'' ``Friend to Friend ''`` Never Say I Do n't Love You'' ``My Old Piano ''Released August 22, 1980 (1980 - 08 - 22) Format 7``, 12'' Recorded December 1979 Genre Disco, funk, soul Length 5: 24 (album version) 3: 59 (radio edit) Label Motown Songwriter (s) Bernard Edwards, Nile Rodgers Producer (s) Nile Rodgers, Bernard Edwards Diana Ross singles chronology ``Upside Down ''(1980)`` I'm Coming Out'' (1980) ``My Old Piano ''(1980)`` Upside Down'' (1980) ``I'm Coming Out ''(1980)`` My Old Piano'' (1980) Audio sample file help Alternative releases French 7 - inch vinyl single Title: My Old Friend Passage: "My Old Friend" is a song written by Craig Wiseman and Steve McEwan, and performed by American country music artist Tim McGraw. It was released in September 2005 as the fifth and final single from his album "Live Like You Were Dying". It peaked at number 6 on the country music charts. Title: Panda Bear (album) Passage: Panda Bear is the self-titled debut solo album by the Baltimore musician Noah Lennox who later became a founding member of Animal Collective. The album was the first use of the Panda Bear moniker which he later continued to use while performing with group. It was released on June 1, 1999 shortly before his 21st birthday on the label Soccer Star Records. The label was formed by himself and fellow future Animal Collective member and childhood friend Deakin (Joshua Dibb) and was initially founded only to release this album. However the label eventually morphed into Animal and then the existing label Paw Tracks. This album marks the very first Animal Collective related release, apart from the EP, "Paddington Band", which was a recording by the Animal Collective precursor, Automine which featured all other members of the future group except for Lennox himself. Title: Music of the Old Adriatic Passage: Music of Old Adriatic is a vinyl album by Ensemble Renaissance, released in 1984 on the PGP RTB label. It is their first album with early music of Dalmatia and Adriatic and their second album overall. Title: When the Stars Go Blue Passage: ``When The Stars Go Blue ''is a popular alternative country song composed and originally performed by solo artist and former Whiskeytown band member Ryan Adams. It was first released with his album Gold on September 25, 2001. The song has been covered by many artists, notably: Celtic band The Corrs featuring U2's lead singer Bono, country music singer Tim McGraw and Norwegian artists Venke Knutson and Kurt Nilsen as a duo. The song has also been performed live many times by Phil Lesh and Friends. Title: Just Friends (Sunny) Passage: "Just Friends (Sunny)" is the first single from Musiq Soulchild's debut album "Aijuswanaseing". It was released on August 29, 2000 as a 12" single. The song was written for and also included on the to the 2000 film ". Title: Too Late... No Friends Passage: Too Late... No Friends is the first full-length studio album by Gob, and was released in 1995 on Mint Records. It was re-released in 2000 on Nettwerk/Landspeed. There were 4 singles released of off the album: Soda, Fuck Them, Bad Day and You're Too Cool. Since each single lasted an average of 1:30, there were 4 singles released instead of the usual 2. Title: Christmas (Jorma Kaukonen album) Passage: Christmas is a Jorma Kaukonen studio album released in July 1996. It was the only themed album Kaukonen recorded and was a departure from the usual Rev. Gary Davis influenced tunes. It included new Christmas-themed compositions as well old hymns such as "Silent Night." Like the previous album, "The Land of Heroes", "Christmas" incorporated the work of Michael Falzarano and Fred Bogert. Kaukonen's wife Vanessa also performed vocals and co-wrote one song. It was also the only time Kaukonen performed keyboards on an album. Title: Old Money (album) Passage: Old Money is a studio album by Omar Rodríguez-López released by Stones Throw Records in November 2008, and is the musician's first album on that label. Rodríguez-López explained that the album is "loosely based on the concept of exploitative industrialists and, well, their old money." Stones Throw Records released the vinyl version of the album on February 6, 2009. Title: I Miss My Friend Passage: I Miss My Friend is the second album of country music singer Darryl Worley, it was released on July 16, 2002. The album produced Worley's first number one single on the Hot Country Songs charts in its title track; "Family Tree" was also a Top 30 hit for him on the same chart. "Tennessee River Run" was later reprised on Worley's first compilation album "Have You Forgotten?", from which it was released as that album's second single. Title: Substitution Mass Confusion: A Tribute to The Cars Passage: Substitution Mass Confusion: A Tribute to The Cars is a 2005 compilation album featuring covers of songs originally performed by the American rock band The Cars. The album was released by Not Lame Recordings. Many of the performers featured on the album were from the Boston area, where The Cars first gained exposure in the late 1970s. Title: All My Rowdy Friends Are Coming Over Tonight Passage: "All My Rowdy Friends Are Coming Over Tonight" is a song written and recorded by American country music performer Hank Williams Jr. It was released in October 1984 as the second single from his album "Major Moves". It peaked at number ten on the country music charts. From 1989 to 2011 Williams performed a version of the song (reworked as "All My Rowdy Friends Are Here on Monday Night") as the opening theme to "Monday Night Football". The song was reinstated in 2017, with a new version by Williams Jr., Florida Georgia Line and Jason Derulo. Title: Strays (Jane's Addiction album) Passage: Strays is the third studio album by American rock band Jane's Addiction, released on July 22, 2003 on Capitol Records. Released 13 years after "Ritual de lo habitual" (1990), the album marks the band's longest gap between full studio albums, although the group had recorded and released two new songs six years prior on the compilation album "Kettle Whistle" (1997). "Strays" is the first album to feature bassist Chris Chaney. Regarding the decision to record a new studio album after such a long hiatus, drummer Stephen Perkins stated that the band had already completed two reunion tours performing old material, and that Jane's was ready for "a new challenge." Title: Old Man (song) Passage: ``Old Man ''is a song written and performed by Neil Young on his 1972 album Harvest.`` Old Man'' was released as a single on Reprise Records in the spring of 1972, and reached # 31 on the Billboard Hot 100 singles chart for the week ending June 3. Title: Alive in America Passage: Alive in America is a live album by the American jazz rock group Steely Dan, released in 1995. It is Steely Dan's first live album. The album comprises recordings from their 1993 and 1994 tours, which were the first live Steely Dan performances since 1974. Title: Night of the Living Dregs Passage: Night of the Living Dregs is an album by Dixie Dregs, released in 1979. The first half of the album was recorded in the studio, and the second half at the Montreux Jazz Festival on July 23, 1978. The album received a Grammy nomination for Best Rock Instrumental Performance. Title: Kathryn Ladano Passage: Kathryn Ladano is a bass clarinet player from Kitchener, Ontario Canada. She has recorded four albums and has performed across Canada and internationally. Her first solo album, "Open", was released in August 2010. She subsequently released the album ""...listen"" with her bass clarinet/percussion duo, Stealth, in 2015. Title: Will to Love Passage: "Will to Love" is a song written by Neil Young that was first released on his 1977 album "American Stars 'N Bars". A promotional single of "Will to Love" was released, backed with a live performance of "Cortez the Killer." Title: Dance into the Light (song) Passage: "Dance into the Light" is a song performed by Phil Collins and released in 1996 as the first single from the album "Dance into the Light".	[ "My Old Friend", "Tim McGraw" ]
What agreement has the country Avalau is located in committed to?	Majuro Declaration	[]	Title: Tuvalu Passage: Tuvalu participates in the Alliance of Small Island States (AOSIS), which is a coalition of small island and low-lying coastal countries that have concerns about their vulnerability to the adverse effects of global climate change. Under the Majuro Declaration, which was signed on 5 September 2013, Tuvalu has commitment to implement power generation of 100% renewable energy (between 2013 and 2020), which is proposed to be implemented using Solar PV (95% of demand) and biodiesel (5% of demand). The feasibility of wind power generation will be considered. Tuvalu participates in the operations of the Pacific Islands Applied Geoscience Commission (SOPAC) and the Secretariat of the Pacific Regional Environment Programme (SPREP). Title: FATCA agreement between Canada and the United States Passage: The FATCA agreement is an international agreement signed between Canada and the United States that allows the implementation of the Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act (an Act of the U.S. Congress) in Canada. It is one of 30 intergovernmental agreements the US has concluded with other countries to implement the FATCA. Title: Doha Agreement Passage: The Doha Agreement was an agreement reached by rival Lebanese factions on 21 May 2008 in Doha, Qatar. This agreement marked the end of an 18-month-long political crisis in Lebanon. Title: Renewable energy commercialization Passage: Public policy and political leadership helps to "level the playing field" and drive the wider acceptance of renewable energy technologies. Countries such as Germany, Denmark, and Spain have led the way in implementing innovative policies which has driven most of the growth over the past decade. As of 2014, Germany has a commitment to the "Energiewende" transition to a sustainable energy economy, and Denmark has a commitment to 100% renewable energy by 2050. There are now 144 countries with renewable energy policy targets. Title: Disarmament of Libya Passage: In 1968, Libya became signatory of Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT), ratified the treaty in 1975, and concluded a safeguards agreement in 1980. Despite its commitment to NPT, there are reports indicating that Muammar Gaddafi of Libya either made unsuccessful attempts to build or entered in an agreement to purchase a nuclear weapon from nuclear - armed nations. In the 1970s -- 80s, Gaddafi made numerous attempts to accelerate and push forward his ambitions for an active nuclear weapons program, using the nuclear black market sources. However, after the end of the Cold War in 1991, Gaddafi sought to resolve its nuclear crises with the United States aiming to uplift the sanctions against Libya, finally agreeing to authorize rolling back Libya's weapons of mass destruction program on December 2003. Title: Treaty Clause Passage: Article II, Section 2, Clause 2 of the United States Constitution, includes the Treaty Clause, which empowers the president of the United States to propose and chiefly negotiate agreements, which must be confirmed by the Senate, between the United States and other countries, which become treaties between the United States and other countries after the advice and consent of a supermajority of the United States Senate. Title: 2015 United Nations Climate Change Conference Passage: According to the organizing committee at the outset of the talks, the expected key result was an agreement to set a goal of limiting global warming to "well below 2 °C" Celsius compared to pre-industrial levels. The agreement calls for zero net anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions to be reached during the second half of the 21st century. In the adopted version of the Paris Agreement, the parties will also "pursue efforts to" limit the temperature increase to 1.5 °C. The 1.5 °C goal will require zero emissions sometime between 2030 and 2050, according to some scientists.Prior to the conference, 146 national climate panels publicly presented draft national climate contributions (called "Intended Nationally Determined Contributions", INDCs). These suggested commitments were estimated to limit global warming to 2.7 degrees Celsius by 2100. For example, the EU suggested INDC is a commitment to a 40 percent reduction in emissions by 2030 compared to 1990. The agreement establishes a "global stocktake" which revisits the national goals to "update and enhance" them every five years beginning 2023. However, no detailed timetable or country-specific goals for emissions were incorporated into the Paris Agreement – as opposed to the previous Kyoto Protocol. Title: Buganda Agreement (1900) Passage: The agreement was signed by Buganda's Katikiro Sir Apolo Kagwa, on the behalf of the Kabaka (Daudi Chwa) who was at that time an infant, and Sir Harry Johnston on the behalf of the British colonial government. The agreement solidified the power of the largely Protestant 'Bakungu' client - chiefs, led by Kagwa. London sent only a few officials to administer the country, relying primarily on the Bakungu chiefs. For decades they were preferred because of their political skills, their Christianity, their friendly relations with the British, There are their ability to collect taxes, and the proximity of Entebbe (the Uganda capital) was close to the Buganda capital. By the 1920s the British administrators were more confident, and have less need for military or administrative support. Title: Lucknow Pact Passage: Muhammad Ali Jinnah, then a member of the Congress as well as the League, made both the parties reach an agreement to pressure the British government to adopt a more liberal approach to India and give Indians more authority to run their country, besides safeguarding basic Muslim demands. Jinnah is seen as the mastermind and architect of this pact. Title: Cameroon Passage: Its foreign policy closely follows that of its main ally, France (one of its former colonial rulers). Cameroon relies heavily on France for its defence, although military spending is high in comparison to other sectors of government.President Biya has engaged in a decades-long clash with the government of Nigeria over possession of the oil-rich Bakassi peninsula. Cameroon and Nigeria share a 1,000-mile (1 600 km) border and have disputed the sovereignty of the Bakassi peninsula. In 1994 Cameroon petitioned the International Court of Justice to resolve the dispute. The two countries attempted to establish a cease-fire in 1996, however, fighting continued for years. In 2002, the ICJ ruled that the Anglo-German Agreement of 1913 gave sovereignty to Cameroon. The ruling called for a withdrawal by both countries and denied the request by Cameroon for compensation due to Nigeria's long-term occupation. By 2004, Nigeria had failed to meet the deadline to handover the peninsula. A UN-mediated summit in June 2006 facilitated an agreement for Nigeria to withdraw from the region and both leaders signed the Greentree Agreement. The withdrawal and handover of control was completed by August 2006. Title: Sons of Anarchy (season 6) Passage: The school shooting was committed by someone connected to Nero's cousin, who had been given a number of KG - 9's. Jax contacts the Irish, wishing to get out of the gun business, but the Irish are resistant to the idea. Toric offers Clay help with the murder charge, in exchange for information about SAMCRO. When Clay refuses, Toric forges Clay's signature on a plea agreement. Nero's cousin, and the latter's girlfriend - whose son shot up the school - are killed and buried. Elsewhere, Bobby has added another member to his list of recruits. Title: Avalau Passage: Avalau is an islet within the atoll of Funafuti, Tuvalu. Charles Hedley described Avalau in 1896 "this islet is said to possess a spring of fresh water". Title: China–United States relations Passage: On March 1, 1979, the two countries formally established embassies in each other's capitals. In 1979, outstanding private claims were resolved and a bilateral trade agreement was completed. Vice President Walter Mondale reciprocated Vice Premier Deng's visit with an August 1979 trip to China. This visit led to agreements in September 1980 on maritime affairs, civil aviation links, and textile matters, as well as a bilateral consular convention. Title: OPEC Fund for International Development Passage: All developing countries are, in principle, eligible for OFID assistance, although the least developed countries are given higher priority and have received more than one-half of the institution’s cumulative commitments to date. Also eligible are international institutions whose activities benefit the developing countries. OFID Member Countries are excluded from benefiting from assistance, except in the case of disaster relief or within the context of a regional program. Over the years, OFID has spread its presence to 134 countries, of which 53 are in Africa, 43 in Asia, 31 in Latin America and the Caribbean, and 7 in Europe. Title: Sherman Austin Passage: Sherman Martin Austin (born April 10, 1983) is an American anarchist and musician who was arrested for inflammatory content on his website and subsequently convicted. He was the first person to be successfully prosecuted under 18 U.S.C. 842(p), a United States federal law which makes the distribution of information on explosives unlawful if the information is provided with the knowledge or intent that the information will be used to commit a violent federal crime. Austin was convicted under a plea agreement in 2002 and served a one-year sentence in federal prison. Some academics and activists, including Zack de la Rocha of Rage Against the Machine, protested the prosecution of Austin. Title: Northumberland Development Project Passage: Following the riots in the Tottenham area other parts of London and elsewhere in England in August 2011 the Greater London Authority and Haringey Council announced on 28 September that it would relieve the club of all community infrastructure payments that planners would normally require, estimated at £8.5 m, and to provide a further £8.5 m for regeneration and infrastructure projects. As part of the agreement an additional £9m was also committed by the London Borough of Haringey to improve services for residents in the area. Title: Central African Republic Passage: The Syrte Agreement in February and the Birao Peace Agreement in April 2007 called for a cessation of hostilities, the billeting of FDPC fighters and their integration with FACA, the liberation of political prisoners, integration of FDPC into government, an amnesty for the UFDR, its recognition as a political party, and the integration of its fighters into the national army. Several groups continued to fight but other groups signed on to the agreement, or similar agreements with the government (e.g. UFR on 15 December 2008). The only major group not to sign an agreement at the time was the CPJP, which continued its activities and signed a peace agreement with the government on 25 August 2012. Title: MINUGUA Passage: By adopting resolution 1094(1997) on efforts towards peace in Central America, the Security Council authorized on 20 January 1997 the attachment of a group of 155 military observers and requisite medical personnel to MINUGUA for a three-month period, operational as of 3 March 1997. The task of the observer group were verification of the agreement on the definitive ceasefire. While retaining its acronym MINUGUA, the peacekeeping mission's name was changed to United Nations Verification Mission in Guatemala as of 1 April 1997 in order to reflect the new mandate. In a Presidential Statement of 5 March 1997 (S/PRST/1997/9), the Council welcomed the deployment on 3 March 1997 of the group of United Nations military observers attached to the United Nations Mission for the Verification of Human Rights and of Compliance with the Commitments of the Comprehensive Agreement on Human Rights in Guatemala (MINUGUA) for the purposes of verification of the Oslo ceasefire agreement and reaffirmed its full support for the peace process in Guatemala. Title: College recruiting Passage: After receiving an offer, a player may choose to commit. This is a non-binding, oral agreement. Although more coaches have tried in recent years to get players to commit early, the most highly rated players typically commit within a month of National Signing Day, the day all high school players who will graduate that year can sign letters of intent (LI) to play for the college of their choice. Signing Day always falls on the first Wednesday of February. Other players, who may not have as many offers to choose from, more often verbally commit earlier in the process. Players occasionally decide to sign with a different school from which they gave a verbal commitment, which often leads to rancor between the fans and coaching staffs of the two schools. Junior college players, however, can sign scholarships in late - December, once their sophomore seasons have ended. Title: Tuvalu Passage: In July 2013 Tuvalu signed the Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) to establish the Pacific Regional Trade and Development Facility, which Facility originated in 2006, in the context of negotiations for an Economic Partnership Agreement (EPA) between Pacific ACP States and the European Union. The rationale for the creation of the Facility being to improve the delivery of aid to Pacific island countries in support of the Aid-for-Trade (AfT) requirements. The Pacific ACP States are the countries in the Pacific that are signatories to the Cotonou Agreement with the European Union.	[ "Tuvalu", "Avalau" ]
What country is the functional constituency of the screenwriter of Rice Rhapsody's birthplace a part of?	China	[]	Title: Rice Rhapsody Passage: Rice Rhapsody (alternative title Hainan Chicken Rice) (Chinese: 海南雞飯, literally meaning "Hainanese chicken rice") is a 2004 film directed by Kenneth Bi. The cast includes Sylvia Chang and Martin Yan. Jackie Chan was one of the executive producers. Title: Mid-twentieth century baby boom Passage: The end of World War II brought a baby boom to many countries, especially Western ones. There is some disagreement as to the precise beginning and ending dates of the post-war baby boom, but it is most often agreed to have begun in the years immediately after the war, though some place it earlier at the increase of births in 1941 - 1943. The boom started to decline as birth rates in the United States started to decline in 1958, though the boom would only grind to a halt 3 years later in 1961, 20 years after it began. Title: 2004 Malaysian general election Passage: A general election was held on Sunday, 21 March 2004 for members of the 11th Parliament of Malaysia. Voting took place in all 219 parliamentary constituencies of Malaysia, each electing one Member of Parliament to the Dewan Rakyat, the dominant house of Parliament. State elections also took place in 505 state constituencies in 12 out of 13 states of Malaysia (except Sarawak) on the same day. Title: Portuguese Rhapsody Passage: Portuguese Rhapsody () is a 1959 Portuguese documentary film directed by João Mendes. It was entered into the 1959 Cannes Film Festival. Title: Vincent Fang (entrepreneur) Passage: Vincent Fang Kang, GBS, JP (born 7 May 1943 in Shanghai) is the leader of the Liberal Party of Hong Kong. He is a Hong Kong entrepreneur in the garment industry and a member of the Legislative Council of Hong Kong, representing the Wholesale and Retail functional constituency. Title: Rice production in the United States Passage: Rice production is important to the economy of the United States. Of the country's row crop farms, rice farms are the most capital - intensive, and have the highest national land rental rate average. In the US, all rice acreage requires irrigation. In 2000 - 09 approximately 3.1 million acres in the US were under rice production, while an increase is expected in the next decade to approximately 3.3 million acres. US Rice represents rice producers in the six largest rice - producing states of Arkansas (The nations's number one rice producer.), California, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, and Texas. Title: Golden rice Passage: A recommendation was made that golden rice to be distributed free to subsistence farmers. Free licenses for developing countries were granted quickly due to the positive publicity that golden rice received, particularly in Time magazine in July 2000. Monsanto Company was one of the companies to grant free licences for related patents owned by the company. The cutoff between humanitarian and commercial use was set at US$10,000. Therefore, as long as a farmer or subsequent user of golden rice genetics would not make more than $10,000 per year, no royalties would need to be paid. In addition, farmers would be permitted to keep and replant seed. Title: International Centre for the Study of the Preservation and Restoration of Cultural Property Passage: 1993 – The NAMEC Programme for conservation training in Maghreb countries begins. ICCROM's statutory functions are revised to include advocacy. Title: Woody Boyd Passage: The Honorable Mr. Woodrow Huckleberry Tiberius ``Woody ''Boyd is a character on the American television show Cheers, portrayed by Woody Harrelson. Woody came to Cheers at the beginning of the fourth season of Cheers in 1985 in the episode`` Birth, Death, Love and Rice''. Title: Rice Fork Summer Homes, California Passage: Rice Fork Summer Homes is an unincorporated community in Lake County, California. It lies at an elevation of 1906 feet (581 m). As the name suggests, many of the residences function as second homes for their owners. Title: Rhapsody (Ashton) Passage: Rhapsody is a one act ballet by Sir Frederick Ashton, based on Sergei Rachmaninoff's "Rhapsody on a Theme of Paganini". The ballet premiered on 4 August 1980 at The Royal Ballet, and was dedicated to Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother. It has been revived three times since its 1980 premiere, in 1995, 2011, and most recently, 2016. Title: Myanmar Passage: The major agricultural product is rice, which covers about 60% of the country's total cultivated land area. Rice accounts for 97% of total food grain production by weight. Through collaboration with the International Rice Research Institute 52 modern rice varieties were released in the country between 1966 and 1997, helping increase national rice production to 14 million tons in 1987 and to 19 million tons in 1996. By 1988, modern varieties were planted on half of the country's ricelands, including 98 percent of the irrigated areas. In 2008 rice production was estimated at 50 million tons. Title: Somewhere in Time (film) Passage: The film is known for its musical score composed by John Barry. The 18th variation of Sergei Rachmaninoff's Rhapsody on a Theme of Paganini also appears several times. Title: Rice Lofts Passage: The Rice Lofts, formerly the Rice Hotel, is a historic building at 909 Texas Avenue in Downtown Houston, Texas, United States. The current building is the third to occupy the site. It was completed in 1913 on the site of the former Capitol building of the Republic of Texas, and is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The old Capitol building was operated as a hotel until it was torn down and replaced by a new hotel around 1881. Jesse H. Jones built a new seventeen-story, double-winged hotel in 1913, also called "The Rice Hotel." This building underwent major expansions: adding a third wing in 1925, adding an eighteenth floor in 1951, and adding a five-story "motor lobby in 1958. In addition, there were several renovations during its life as a hotel. It continued to operate as a hotel before finally shutting down in 1977. The Rice, renamed the Post Rice Lofts, was renovated and turned into apartments in 1998 after twenty-one years of standing unused. Title: Republic of the Congo Passage: As of 2010, the maternal mortality rate was 560 deaths/100,000 live births, and the infant mortality rate was 59.34 deaths/1,000 live births. Female genital mutilation (FGM) is rare in the country, being confined to limited geographic areas of the country. Title: Lui Ming-wah Passage: Lui Ming Wah, SBS, JP (born 8 April 1938 in Weihai, Shandong, China) was the member of the Legislative Council of Hong Kong (Legco), representing industrial (second) industry in functional constituencies seats. He was the member of the Alliance in Legco. Title: Warsaw, Minnesota Passage: Warsaw is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Warsaw Township, Rice County, Minnesota, United States. As of the 2010 census, its population was 627. Title: Girl$ Passage: Girl$ () is a 2010 Hong Kong film directed by Kenneth Bi, it deals with teenagers and young women drawn into compensated dating in Hong Kong. The Chinese term 囡囡 (nānān) is a traditional affectionate term for daughter or young girl, but has also become used as euphemism for a prostitute in Hong Kong. Title: Timothy Fok Passage: Timothy Fok Tsun-ting (born 14 February 1946), GBS, JP, the eldest son of Henry Fok, is a Member of the Legislative Council of Hong Kong, representing the Sports, Performing Arts, Culture and Publication functional constituency. While he is not affiliated with any political party, he is viewed as agreeing with the conservative wing of LegCo, and is a Member of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference. Title: Jean Mallot Passage: Jean Mallot (born 20 August 1952 in Nizerolles, Allier) was a member of the National Assembly of France. Until the June 2012 legislative elections, he represented the 3rd constituency of the Allier department, and is a member of the Socialist Party. Major boundary changes in 2011 reduced Allier's parliamentary entitlement from 4 constituencies down to 3, and the old 3rd constituency was in effect abolished, its name and substantially its place being taken over by the pre-2012 4th constituency. Mallot chose to retire from the National Assembly at the June 2012 election.	[ "Girl$", "Rice Rhapsody", "Lui Ming-wah" ]
What is the country of citizenship of the person who is a part of the band that performs The House of Atreus Act I?	America	[ "U.S.", "U.S", "the United States", "the U.S.", "United States", "US" ]	Title: God of War (2018 video game) Passage: God of War is a third - person action - adventure game developed by Santa Monica Studio and published by Sony Interactive Entertainment (SIE). Released on April 20, 2018, for the PlayStation 4 (PS4) console, it is the eighth installment in the God of War series, the eighth chronologically, and the sequel to 2010's God of War III. Unlike previous games, which were loosely based on Greek mythology, this game is loosely based on Norse mythology. The main protagonists are Kratos, the former Greek God of War, and his young son Atreus. Following the death of Kratos' second wife and Atreus' mother, they journey to fulfill her promise and spread her ashes at the highest peak of the nine realms. Kratos keeps his troubled past a secret from Atreus, who is unaware of his divine nature. Along their journey, they encounter monsters and gods of the Norse world. Title: Immigration and Nationality Act of 1952 Passage: The Immigration and Nationality Act of 1952 (Pub. L. 82 -- 414, 66 Stat. 163, enacted June 27, 1952), also known as the McCarran -- Walter Act, codified under Title 8 of the United States Code (8 U.S.C. ch. 12), governs immigration to and citizenship in the United States. It has been in effect since June 27, 1952. Before this Act, a variety of statutes governed immigration law but were not organized within one body of text. Title: David DeFeis Passage: David DeFeis (born January 4, 1961) is an American singer, keyboard player, songwriter and producer. He is the main composer and leader of the heavy metal band Virgin Steele. Title: The House of Atreus Act I Passage: The House of Atreus Act I, released in 1999, is the ninth studio album by the American heavy metal band Virgin Steele. It has the subtitle "A Barbaric-Romantic Opera". This album is the first part of a metal opera inspired by the Oresteia, a trilogy of Greek tragedies written by Aeschylus which concerns the end of the curse on the House of Atreus. The music was intended to be the soundtrack for theatrical shows, with actors impersonating the characters of the tragedy. The metal opera was actually performed under the name "Klytaimnestra - The House Of Atreus" in European theatres from 1999 to 2001, with the production of the Memmingen Opera House company and Landestheater Production. Title: Curses, Hexes and Spells Passage: Curses, Hexes and Spells is a 1974 book by Daniel Cohen. Marketed as children's book, it explains what exactly "curses" are, and describes supposed curses on families (such as the House of Atreus in Greek Mythology, the House of Habsburg or the Kennedy family), creatures, places (the Bermuda Triangle, the Devil's Sea), wanderers (like the Flying Dutchman) and ghosts. It also describes a few protective amulets from supposed "occult" dangers, and briefly touches on birthstones. Title: Oath of Allegiance (United Kingdom) Passage: The Oath of Allegiance (Judicial or Official Oath) is a promise to be loyal to the British monarch, and his or her heirs and successors, sworn by certain public servants in the United Kingdom, and also by newly naturalised subjects in citizenship ceremonies. The current standard wording of the oath of allegiance is set out in the Promissory Oaths Act 1868. Title: History of laws concerning immigration and naturalization in the United States Passage: Pursuant to this power, Congress in 1790 passed the first naturalization law for the United States, the Naturalization Act of 1790. The law enabled those who had resided in the country for two years and had kept their current state of residence for a year to apply for citizenship. However it restricted naturalization to ``free white persons ''of`` good moral character''. Title: White House Passage: Construction of the White House began with the laying of the cornerstone on October 13, 1792, although there was no formal ceremony. The main residence, as well as foundations of the house, were built largely by enslaved and free African - American laborers, as well as employed Europeans. Much of the other work on the house was performed by immigrants, many not yet with citizenship. The sandstone walls were erected by Scottish immigrants, employed by Hoban, as were the high - relief rose and garland decorations above the north entrance and the ``fish scale ''pattern beneath the pediments of the window hoods. The initial construction took place over a period of eight years, at a reported cost of $232,371.83 (equal to $3,279,177 today). Although not yet completed, the White House was ready for occupancy circa November 1, 1800. Title: Arnold Schwarzenegger Passage: Schwarzenegger is a dual Austrian/United States citizen. He holds Austrian citizenship by birth and has held U.S. citizenship since becoming naturalized in 1983. Being Austrian and thus European, he was able to win the 2007 European Voice campaigner of the year award for taking action against climate change with the California Global Warming Solutions Act of 2006 and plans to introduce an emissions trading scheme with other US states and possibly with the EU. Title: Voting age Passage: The UK Ministry of Justice published on 3 July 2007 a Green Paper entitled The Governance of Britain, in which it proposed the establishment of a ``Youth Citizenship Commission ''. The Commission would examine the case for lowering the voting age. On launching the Paper in the House of Commons, PM Gordon Brown said:`` Although the voting age has been 18 since 1969, it is right, as part of that debate, to examine, and hear from young people themselves, whether lowering that age would increase participation.'' Title: Errol Nolan Passage: Errol Osbourne Nolan II (born August 18, 1991) is an American born sprinter of Jamaican descent who holds dual citizenship with both countries. He now competes for Jamaica as of 2012. He specialises in the 200 and 400 metres. Title: United States presidential line of succession Passage: No. Office Current officer Vice President Mike Pence (R) Speaker of the House of Representatives Paul Ryan (R) President pro tempore of the Senate Orrin Hatch (R) Secretary of State Rex Tillerson (R) 5 Secretary of the Treasury Steven Mnuchin (R) 6 Secretary of Defense James Mattis (I) 7 Attorney General Jeff Sessions (R) 8 Secretary of the Interior Ryan Zinke (R) 9 Secretary of Agriculture Sonny Perdue (R) 10 Secretary of Commerce Wilbur Ross (R) 11 Secretary of Labor Alex Acosta (R) 12 Secretary of Health and Human Services Eric Hargan (R) Acting 13 Secretary of Housing and Urban Development Ben Carson (R) -- Secretary of Transportation Elaine Chao (R) 14 Secretary of Energy Rick Perry (R) 15 Secretary of Education Betsy DeVos (R) 16 Secretary of Veterans Affairs David Shulkin (I) 17 Secretary of Homeland Security Elaine Duke (I) Acting ^ Jump up to: This listing assumes that acting officers whose prior appointment required Senate confirmation are eligible for the line of succession. See Acting officers below. Jump up ^ Not a natural - born citizen (acquired U.S. citizenship by naturalization) and thus ineligible for the Presidency. Title: Myanmar Passage: The Rohingya people have consistently faced human rights abuses by the Burmese regime that has refused to acknowledge them as Burmese citizens (despite some of them having lived in Burma for over three generations)—the Rohingya have been denied Burmese citizenship since the enactment of a 1982 citizenship law. The law created three categories of citizenship: citizenship, associate citizenship, and naturalised citizenship. Citizenship is given to those who belong to one of the national races such as Kachin, Kayah (Karenni), Karen, Chin, Burman, Mon, Rakhine, Shan, Kaman, or Zerbadee. Associate citizenship is given to those who cannot prove their ancestors settled in Myanmar before 1823, but can prove they have one grandparent, or pre-1823 ancestor, who was a citizen of another country, as well as people who applied for citizenship in 1948 and qualified then by those laws. Naturalized citizenship is only given to those who have at least one parent with one of these types of Burmese citizenship or can provide "conclusive evidence" that their parents entered and resided in Burma prior to independence in 1948. The Burmese regime has attempted to forcibly expel Rohingya and bring in non-Rohingyas to replace them—this policy has resulted in the expulsion of approximately half of the 800,000 Rohingya from Burma, while the Rohingya people have been described as "among the world's least wanted" and "one of the world's most persecuted minorities." But the origin of ‘most persecuted minority’ statement is unclear. Title: Separation of powers under the United States Constitution Passage: Congress often writes legislation to restrain executive officials to the performance of their duties, as laid out by the laws Congress passes. In INS v. Chadha (1983), the Supreme Court decided (a) The prescription for legislative action in Art. I, § 1—requiring all legislative powers to be vested in a Congress consisting of a Senate and a House of Representatives—and § 7—requiring every bill passed by the House and Senate, before becoming law, to be presented to the president, and, if he disapproves, to be repassed by two-thirds of the Senate and House—represents the Framers' decision that the legislative power of the Federal Government be exercised in accord with a single, finely wrought and exhaustively considered procedure. This procedure is an integral part of the constitutional design for the separation of powers. Further rulings clarified the case; even both Houses acting together cannot override Executive vetos without a 2⁄3 majority. Legislation may always prescribe regulations governing executive officers. Title: CKYC-FM Passage: CKYC-FM is a Canadian radio station, broadcasting at 93.7 FM in Owen Sound, Ontario. The station airs a country music format branded as Country 93, primarily for Grey-Bruce Counties but also serving northern parts of Huron and Wellington Counties. The station is known for its active support of local country music, as well as bringing national and international country music acts to Grey and Bruce counties. Title: Energy Performance Certificate (United Kingdom) Passage: Energy Performance Certificates (EPCs) were introduced in England and Wales on 1 August 2007 as part of Home Information Packs (HIPs) for domestic properties with four or more bedrooms. Over time this requirement was extended to smaller properties. When the requirement for HIPs was removed in May 2010, the requirement for EPCs continued. The scheme for HIPs was extended to encompass three bedroom homes from 10 September 2007. Rental properties, which have a certificate valid for 10 years, required on a new tenancy commencing on or after 1 October 2008. They are a result of European Union Directive 2002 / 91 / EC relating to the energy performance of buildings, as transposed into British law by the Housing Act 2004 and The Energy Performance of Buildings (Certificates and Inspections) (England and Wales) Regulations 2007 (S.I. 2007 / 991). Title: Albano Carrisi Passage: Albano Carrisi (Italian: [alˈbaːno karˈriːzi]; born 20 May 1943), better known as Al Bano, is an Italian recording artist, actor, and winemaker. In 2016, he was awarded Albanian citizenship due to his close ties with the country. Title: Puerto Rico Passage: In 1917, the U.S. Congress passed the Jones -- Shafroth Act, popularly called the Jones Act, which granted Puerto Ricans, born on or after, April 25, 1898, U.S. citizenship. Opponents, which included all of the Puerto Rican House of Delegates, who voted unanimously against it, said that the U.S. imposed citizenship in order to draft Puerto Rican men into the army as American entry into World War I became likely. Title: Telman Ismailov Passage: Telman Mardanovich Ismailov (, ; born 26 October 1956) is an Azerbaijani-born businessman and entrepreneur of Mountain Jew origin. Since Azerbaijan does not allow dual citizenship, he holds Russian-Turkish citizenship. He is the chairman of the Russian AST Group of companies, which is active in many countries. Until 2009, Ismailov owned the Europe's then-largest marketplace, Cherkizovsky Market, located in Moscow, Russia. Title: Angels of the Apocalypse Passage: As with the previous effort, several heavy metal singers were invited to play the characters of the story of the album, with female vocalist Elize Ryd of Amaranthe reprising her role and Floor Jansen (Nightwish, ReVamp) playing the main character. The rest of the cast includes Fabio Lione (Rhapsody of Fire, Angra), David DeFeis (Virgin Steele), Simone Simons (Epica), Caterina Nix (solo Chilean singer who is having her debut album produced by Timo Tolkki) and Zachary Stevens (ex-Savatage, Circle II Circle).	[ "Angels of the Apocalypse", "David DeFeis", "The House of Atreus Act I" ]
Where does the state where the first caucus is held for each presidential campaign, ranked in wind energy production?	seventh in the country	[]	Title: 1812 United States presidential election Passage: The United States presidential election of 1812, the seventh quadrennial American presidential election, was held from Friday, October 30, 1812 to Wednesday, December 2, 1812. Taking place in the shadow of the War of 1812, incumbent Democratic-Republican President James Madison defeated DeWitt Clinton, who drew support from dissident Democratic-Republicans in the North as well as Federalists. It was the first presidential election to be held during a major war involving the United States. Title: Atlantic Wind Connection Passage: Atlantic Wind Connection (AWC) is a proposed electrical transmission backbone by Trans-Elect Development Company that could be constructed off the East Coast of the United States to service off-shore wind farms. Google Energy, the investment firm Good Energies, and Japanese trading firm Marubeni are investing "tens of millions of dollars" in the initial development stage of what could become a $5 billion project. Title: Portugal Passage: Portugal has considerable resources of wind and river power, the two most cost-effective renewable energy sources. Since the turn of the 21st century, there has been a trend towards the development of a renewable resource industry and reduction of both consumption and use of fossil fuels. In 2006, the world's largest solar power plant at that date, the Moura Photovoltaic Power Station, began operating near Moura, in the south, while the world's first commercial wave power farm, the Aguçadoura Wave Farm, opened in the Norte region (2008). By the end of 2006, 66% of the country's electrical production was from coal and fuel power plants, while 29% were derived from hydroelectric dams, and 6% by wind energy.In 2008, renewable energy resources were producing 43% of the nation's consumption of electricity, even as hydroelectric production decreased with severe droughts. As of June 2010, electricity exports had outnumbered imports. In the period between January and May 2010, 70% of the national production of energy came from renewable sources.Portugal's national energy transmission company, Redes Energéticas Nacionais (REN), uses sophisticated modeling to predict weather, especially wind patterns, and computer programs to calculate energy from the various renewable-energy plants. Title: Ross Perot Passage: Henry Ross Perot (/ pəˈroʊ /; born June 27, 1930) is an American business magnate and former politician. As the founder of Electronic Data Systems, he became a billionaire. He ran an independent presidential campaign in 1992 and a third party campaign in 1996, establishing the Reform Party in the latter election. Both campaigns were among the strongest presidential showings by a third party or independent candidate in U.S. history. Title: Wind power in Iowa Passage: Wind farms are most prevalent in the north and west portion of Iowa. Wind maps show the winds in these areas to be stronger on average, making them better suited for the development of wind energy. Average wind speeds are not consistent from month to month. Wind maps show wind speeds are on average strongest from November through April, peaking in March. August is the month with the weakest average wind speeds. On a daily cycle, there is a slight rise in average wind speeds in the afternoon, from 1 to 6 p.m. Estimates by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) indicate Iowa has potentially 570,700 Megawatts of wind power using large turbines mounted on 80 meter towers. Iowa ranks seventh in the country in terms of wind energy generation potential due to the strong average wind speeds in the midsection of the U.S. The Iowa Environmental Mesonet distributes current weather and wind conditions from approximately 450 monitoring stations across Iowa, providing data for modelling and predicting wind power. Title: Oklahoma Passage: Oklahoma is the nation's third-largest producer of natural gas, fifth-largest producer of crude oil, and has the second-greatest number of active drilling rigs, and ranks fifth in crude oil reserves. While the state ranked eighth for installed wind energy capacity in 2011, it is at the bottom of states in usage of renewable energy, with 94 percent of its electricity being generated by non-renewable sources in 2009, including 25 percent from coal and 46 percent from natural gas. Oklahoma has no nuclear power. Ranking 13th for total energy consumption per capita in 2009, Oklahoma's energy costs were 8th lowest in the nation. Title: Spain Passage: Spain is one of the world's leading countries in the development and production of renewable energy. In 2010 Spain became the solar power world leader when it overtook the United States with a massive power station plant called La Florida, near Alvarado, Badajoz. Spain is also Europe's main producer of wind energy. In 2010 its wind turbines generated 42,976 GWh, which accounted for 16.4% of all electrical energy produced in Spain. On 9 November 2010, wind energy reached an instantaneous historic peak covering 53% of mainland electricity demand and generating an amount of energy that is equivalent to that of 14 nuclear reactors. Other renewable energies used in Spain are hydroelectric, biomass and marine (2 power plants under construction).Non-renewable energy sources used in Spain are nuclear (8 operative reactors), gas, coal, and oil. Fossil fuels together generated 58% of Spain's electricity in 2009, just below the OECD mean of 61%. Nuclear power generated another 19%, and wind and hydro about 12% each. Title: Renewable energy commercialization Passage: In 2013, China led the world in renewable energy production, with a total capacity of 378 GW, mainly from hydroelectric and wind power. As of 2014, China leads the world in the production and use of wind power, solar photovoltaic power and smart grid technologies, generating almost as much water, wind and solar energy as all of France and Germany's power plants combined. China's renewable energy sector is growing faster than its fossil fuels and nuclear power capacity. Since 2005, production of solar cells in China has expanded 100-fold. As Chinese renewable manufacturing has grown, the costs of renewable energy technologies have dropped. Innovation has helped, but the main driver of reduced costs has been market expansion. Title: Renewable energy in Australia Passage: Renewable energy in Australia deals with efforts that have been and continue to be made in Australia to quantify and expand the use of renewable energy in the generation of electricity, as fuel in transport and in thermal energy. Renewable energy is created through electricity generation using renewable sources, such as wind, hydro, landfill gas, geothermal, solar PV and solar thermal. Total renewable energy consumption in Australia in 2015 was 346 petajoules (9.6 × 10 kWh) (PJ), 5.9% of Australia's total energy consumption; compared to consumption of 265PJ in 2011 / 12, 4.3% of Australia's total energy consumption. Of all renewable energy consumption in 2015 (in order of contribution) biomass (wood, woodwaste and bagasse) represented 53%, hydroelectricity 19.2%, wind 10.7%, solar PV 5.1%, biogas 4.7%, solar hot water 3.8% and biofuels 3.6%. Bioenergy (the sum of all energy derived from plant matter) represented 61.3% (211.9 PJ) of Australia's total renewable energy consumption in 2015. Title: Altamont Pass wind farm Passage: The Altamont Pass wind farm is located in the Altamont Pass of the Diablo Range in Northern California. It is one of the earliest wind farms in the United States. The first wind turbines were placed on the Altamont in the early 1980s by Fayette Manufacturing Corporation on land owned by cattle rancher Joe Jess. The wind farm is composed of 4930 relatively small wind turbines of various types, making it at one time the largest wind farm in the world in terms of capacity. Altamont Pass is still one of the largest concentration of wind turbines in the world, with a capacity of 576 megawatts (MW), producing about 125 MW on average and 1.1 terawatt-hours (TWh) yearly. They were installed after the 1970s energy crisis in response to favorable tax policies for investors. Title: Klondike, Oregon Passage: Klondike is an unincorporated community in Sherman County, Oregon, United States. It is near the Wasco, Oregon site of the Klondike III Wind Project, Oregon's largest wind energy farm with 176 turbines for wind energy. Title: Oklahoma Passage: According to Forbes magazine, Oklahoma City-based Devon Energy Corporation, Chesapeake Energy Corporation, and SandRidge Energy Corporation are the largest private oil-related companies in the nation, and all of Oklahoma's Fortune 500 companies are energy-related. Tulsa's ONEOK and Williams Companies are the state's largest and second-largest companies respectively, also ranking as the nation's second and third-largest companies in the field of energy, according to Fortune magazine. The magazine also placed Devon Energy as the second-largest company in the mining and crude oil-producing industry in the nation, while Chesapeake Energy ranks seventh respectively in that sector and Oklahoma Gas & Electric ranks as the 25th-largest gas and electric utility company. Title: Top of the World Windpower Project Passage: The Top of the World Windpower Project is a 200 megawatt wind farm located near Casper, Wyoming, USA. The project, operated by Duke Energy, was constructed on approximately of land held under long-term lease in Converse County. The Top of the World Windpower Project began operation in 2010. Title: ReNew Power Passage: ReNew Power Ventures Pvt. Ltd. is an Indian renewable energy company headquartered in Gurgaon, Haryana, India. It is an Independent Power Producer (IPP) of clean energy with an installed capacity of more than 1000 MegaWatt across the states of Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Haryana, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Maharashtra and Gujarat, ReNew Power commissioned its first wind farm project in Rajkot district in Gujarat in 2012. Shri. Narendra Modi, the Prime Minister of India, inaugurated the 25.2 MW wind farm at Jasdan. Title: United States presidential primary Passage: February 1: Iowa caucus (both parties) February 9: New Hampshire primary (both parties) February 20: Nevada Democratic caucuses and South Carolina Republican primary February 23: Nevada Republican caucuses February 27: South Carolina Democratic primary March 1: Super Tuesday: Primaries / caucuses for both parties in several states Title: Renewable energy commercialization Passage: Worldwide use of solar power and wind power continued to grow significantly in 2012. Solar electricity consumption increased by 58 percent, to 93 terawatt-hours (TWh). Use of wind power in 2012 increased by 18.1 percent, to 521.3 TWh. Global solar and wind energy installed capacities continued to expand even though new investments in these technologies declined during 2012. Worldwide investment in solar power in 2012 was $140.4 billion, an 11 percent decline from 2011, and wind power investment was down 10.1 percent, to $80.3 billion. But due to lower production costs for both technologies, total installed capacities grew sharply. This investment decline, but growth in installed capacity, may again occur in 2013. Analysts expect the market to triple by 2030. In 2015, investment in renewables exceeded fossils. Title: Musselroe Wind Farm Passage: Musselroe Wind Farm is a wind farm at Cape Portland, Tasmania, Australia. It is third wind farm in the state, being owned and operated by Hydro Tasmania. It consists of 56 Vestas V90-3MW wind turbines, with a generating capacity of 168 MW. The energy output from the Musselroe Wind Farm will be sufficient to supply electricity to around 50,000 households and abate 450,000 tonnes of emissions annually. Title: Wind power in Indiana Passage: Wind power in Indiana was limited to a few small water - pumping windmills on farms until 2008 with construction of Indiana's first utility - scale wind power facility, Goodland (phase I) with a nameplate capacity of 130 MW. As of September 2017, Indiana had a total of 1897 MW of wind power capacity installed, ranking it 12th among U.S. states. Title: Massimo Moratti Passage: Massimo Moratti (born 16 May 1945) is an Italian petroleum businessman and chairman of the Saras Group, founded in 1962 by his father, industrialist Angelo Moratti. The main production site of the Saras Group is the Sarroch refinery located on the island of Sardinia, one of Europe's only six supersites, with a capacity of 300,000 barrels per day, representing 15% of refining capacity in Italy. In recent years, initially to enable independence of the Sarroch refinery from terms of energy, the Saras Group has entered into the production of electricity and is expanding its production of alternative energy sources, particularly in the field of wind energy, through its subsidiaries Sarlux and Sardeolica, the latter of which is controlled indirectly through the company Eolici Ulassai. Title: Estonia Passage: Estonia is a dependent country in the terms of energy and energy production. In recent years many local and foreign companies have been investing in renewable energy sources.[citation needed] The importance of wind power has been increasing steadily in Estonia and currently the total amount of energy production from wind is nearly 60 MW while at the same time roughly 399 MW worth of projects are currently being developed and more than 2800 MW worth of projects are being proposed in the Lake Peipus area and the coastal areas of Hiiumaa.	[ "Wind power in Iowa", "United States presidential primary" ]
What year was the university Arthur Button attended founded?	1862	[]	Title: English School Fahaheel Kuwait Passage: The English School Fahaheel Kuwait is a co-educational day school located in Mangaf, Kuwait, that was founded in 1968. The school is open to students from 4 to 18 years of age. Apart from a school opened by the Kuwait Oil Company for the children of its employees, (which closed two years after The English School Of Fahaheel Kuwait was founded) it was the first school in South Kuwait to provide English education. The chairman of the school is Ibrahim Shuhaiber and the current principal is Russell Dunlop. Title: Lynbrook High School Passage: Lynbrook High School (also referred to as Lynbrook or LHS) is a co-educational, public, four-year high school located in the West San Jose neighborhood of San Jose, California, USA. It was founded in 1965 and graduated its first class in 1968. Title: Google Search Passage: Google's homepage includes a button labeled ``I'm Feeling Lucky ''. Prior to a change in 2012, when a user typed in a search and clicked on the button the user would be taken directly to the first search result, bypassing the search engine results page. The idea was that if a user is`` feeling lucky'', the search engine would return the perfect match the first time without having to page through the search results. According to a study by Tom Chavez of ``Rapt '', this feature cost Google $110 million a year as 1% of all searches use this feature and bypass all advertising. Title: Alfred Fell Passage: Fell was born at Nelson, New Zealand, on 17 January 1878, the son of Nelson mayor and painter, Charles Fell. He was educated at Nelson College (1887–1896), a school his grandfather, Alfred Fell, helped found in 1856. British politician, Sir Arthur Fell was his uncle. Title: Westwood High School (Michigan) Passage: Westwood High School is a four-year educational institute located in Ishpeming Township, Michigan, USA. Founded in 1974, it is managed by the N.I.C.E. Community Schools school district. The school educates around 360 students in grades 9–12. It is a magnet school. Title: The Legend of Zelda: Twilight Princess Passage: The context-sensitive button mechanic allows one button to serve a variety of functions, such as talking, opening doors, and pushing, pulling, and throwing objects.[e] The on-screen display shows what action, if any, the button will trigger, determined by the situation. For example, if Link is holding a rock, the context-sensitive button will cause Link to throw the rock if he is moving or targeting an object or enemy, or place the rock on the ground if he is standing still.[f] Title: Hypsopygia nannodes Passage: Hypsopygia nannodes is a moth of the family Pyralidae described by Arthur Gardiner Butler in 1879. It is found in Taiwan, Japan and Korea. Title: Joystick Passage: An arcade stick is a large-format controller for use with home consoles or computers. They use the stick-and-button configuration of some arcade cabinets, such as those with particular multi-button arrangements. For example, the six button layout of the arcade games Street Fighter II or Mortal Kombat cannot be comfortably emulated on a console joypad, so licensed home arcade sticks for these games have been manufactured for home consoles and PCs. Title: Facebook like button Passage: The Facebook like button is a feature on the social networking website Facebook. It was first enabled on February 9, 2009. The like button enables users to easily interact with status updates, comments, photos, links shared by friends, and advertisements. Once clicked by a user, the designated content appears in the News Feeds of that user's friends, and the button also displays the number of other users who have liked the content, including a full or partial list of those users. The like button was extended to comments in June 2010. After extensive testing and years of questions from the public about whether it had an intention to incorporate a ``Dislike ''button, Facebook officially rolled out`` Reactions'' to users worldwide on February 24, 2016, letting users long - press on the like button for an option to use one of five pre-defined emotions, including ``Love '',`` Haha'', ``Wow '',`` Sad'', or ``Angry ''. Reactions were also extended to comments in May 2017. Title: Arthur Button Passage: He was educated at Ilford County High School and University College, Southampton (later the University of Southampton; BSc Hons (Lond.)). Title: Arthur Stanley Mackenzie Passage: Arthur Stanley Mackenzie (September 20, 1865 – October 2, 1938) was a Canadian physicist and University President, born at Pictou, Nova Scotia, and educated at Dalhousie University, Halifax, and Johns Hopkins. Title: Duke Mathematical Journal Passage: Duke Mathematical Journal is a peer-reviewed mathematics journal published by Duke University Press. It was established in 1935. The founding editors-in-chief were David Widder, Arthur Coble, and Joseph Miller Thomas. The first issue included a paper by Solomon Lefschetz. Leonard Carlitz served on the editorial board for 35 years, from 1938 to 1973. Title: IPod Passage: iPods with color displays use anti-aliased graphics and text, with sliding animations. All iPods (except the 3rd-generation iPod Shuffle, the 6th & 7th generation iPod Nano, and iPod Touch) have five buttons and the later generations have the buttons integrated into the click wheel – an innovation that gives an uncluttered, minimalist interface. The buttons perform basic functions such as menu, play, pause, next track, and previous track. Other operations, such as scrolling through menu items and controlling the volume, are performed by using the click wheel in a rotational manner. The 3rd-generation iPod Shuffle does not have any controls on the actual player; instead it has a small control on the earphone cable, with volume-up and -down buttons and a single button for play and pause, next track, etc. The iPod Touch has no click-wheel; instead it uses a 3.5" touch screen along with a home button, sleep/wake button and (on the second and third generations of the iPod Touch) volume-up and -down buttons. The user interface for the iPod Touch is identical to that of the iPhone. Differences include a lack of a phone application. Both devices use iOS. Title: Southampton Passage: The University of Southampton, which was founded in 1862 and received its Royal Charter as a university in 1952, has over 22,000 students. The university is ranked in the top 100 research universities in the world in the Academic Ranking of World Universities 2010. In 2010, the THES - QS World University Rankings positioned the University of Southampton in the top 80 universities in the world. The university considers itself one of the top 5 research universities in the UK. The university has a global reputation for research into engineering sciences, oceanography, chemistry, cancer sciences, sound and vibration research, computer science and electronics, optoelectronics and textile conservation at the Textile Conservation Centre (which is due to close in October 2009.) It is also home to the National Oceanography Centre, Southampton (NOCS), the focus of Natural Environment Research Council-funded marine research. Title: Education in the Philippines Passage: From 1945 to 2011, basic education took ten years to complete -- six years of elementary education and four years of high school education for children aged six up to fifteen. However, after the implementation of the K -- 12 Program of DepEd and subsequent ratification of Kindergarten Education Act of 2012 and Enhanced Basic Education Act of 2013, the basic education today takes thirteen years to complete -- one year of kindergarten, six years of elementary education, four years of junior high school and two years of senior high school for children aged five up to seventeen. As of 2017, the implementation of Grade 12 has started. Title: Albertus Magnus Gymnasium Passage: The Albertus-Magnus-Gymnasium (AMG) is a school in Bensberg, part of the city of Bergisch Gladbach in Germany. It provides secondary education in the German system from grade 5 to 12/13. It was founded in 1858 as the Bensberger-Progymnasium. Since 1958 it exists in current form providing nine years of education which has changed for new students since 2005 to eight years. The student body comprises between 850 and 900 students with 50 to 60 teachers. Title: Super Nintendo Entertainment System Passage: The standard SNES controller adds two additional face buttons (X and Y) to the design of the NES iteration, arranging the four in a diamond shape, and introduces two shoulder buttons. It also features an ergonomic design by Lance Barr, later used for the NES-102 model controllers, also designed by Barr. The Japanese and PAL region versions incorporate the colors of the four action buttons into system's logo. The North American version's buttons are colored to match the redesigned console; the X and Y buttons are lavender with concave faces, and the A and B buttons are purple with convex faces. Several later consoles derive elements of their controller design from the SNES, including the PlayStation, Dreamcast, Xbox, and Wii Classic Controller. Title: George Mainwaring (MP) Passage: He was the only son of Sir Arthur Mainwaring, MP of Ightfield, Shropshire and educated at Shrewsbury School (1562) and the Inner Temple (1565). He succeeded his father in 1590 and was knighted c. 1593. Title: Arthur, Illinois Passage: Arthur is a village in Douglas and Moultrie Counties in Illinois, with Arthur's primary street, Vine Street, being the county line. The population was 2,288 at the 2010 census. The Arthur area is home to the largest and oldest Amish community in Illinois, which was founded in the 1860s. Title: Alf's Button (1920 film) Passage: Alf's Button is a 1920 British silent comedy film directed by Cecil Hepworth and starring Leslie Henson, Alma Taylor and Gerald Ames. It was based on the novel "Alf's Button" by William Darlington. The film is about a British soldier who discovers a magic coat button which summons a genie to grant his various wishes. It was remade as a sound film in 1930.	[ "Arthur Button", "Southampton" ]
What conflict happened in the country containing Mount Samkos during the Cold War?	Cambodian Civil War	[]	Title: PMTair Passage: PMTair (Progress MulTi Air) was a Cambodian airline offering regularly scheduled domestic and international passenger and cargo services out of Phnom Penh International Airport. Title: Soviet Union–United States relations Passage: The relations between the United States of America and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (1922 -- 1991) succeeded the previous relations from 1776 to 1917 and predate today's relations that began in 1992. Full diplomatic relations between the two countries were established late due to mutual hostility. During World War II, the two countries were briefly allies. At the end of the war, the first signs of post-war mistrust and hostility began to appear between the two countries, escalating into the Cold War; a period of tense hostile relations, with periods of détente. Title: Tug of war at the Summer Olympics Passage: Tug of war was contested as a team event in the Summer Olympics at every Olympiad from 1900 to 1920. Originally the competition was entered by groups called clubs. A country could enter more than one club in the competition, making it possible for one country to earn multiple medals. This happened in 1904, when the United States won all three medals, and in 1908 when the podium was occupied by three British teams. Sweden was also among the top countries with two medals, one as a member of the mixed team. Title: Race to Berlin Passage: The western Allies' decision to leave eastern Germany and the city of Berlin to the Red Army -- honoring the agreement they made with the Soviet Union at Yalta -- eventually had serious repercussions as the Cold War emerged and expanded in the post-war era. Title: Phnom Samkos Passage: Phnom Samkos (Mount Samkos) is the second-highest peak in Cambodia, located in the western Cardamom Mountains at above sea level. It is situated within the Phnom Samkos Wildlife Sanctuary, which takes its name from the mountain, and the Central Cardamom Protected Forest. The elevation and surrounding forest basin support a large variety of rare flora and fauna. Title: Kampuchea Airlines Passage: Kampuchea Airlines was an airline based in Phnom Penh, Cambodia, operating regional passenger services out of Phnom Penh International Airport. Title: Richard W. Fellows Passage: Brigadier General Richard W. Fellows (1914–1998) was a United States Air Force officer who served during World War II and the Cold War. Title: First Indochina War Passage: Then the U.S. government gradually began supporting the French in their war effort, primarily through the Mutual Defense Assistance Act, as a means of stabilizing the French Fourth Republic in which the French Communist Party was a significant political force. A dramatic shift occurred in American policy after the victory of Mao Zedong's Communist Party of China in the Chinese Civil War. By 1949, however, the United States became concerned about the spread of communism in Asia, particularly following the end of the Chinese Civil War, and began to strongly support the French as the two countries were bound by the Cold War Mutual Defense Programme. Title: Coordinating Committee for Multilateral Export Controls Passage: The Coordinating Committee for Multilateral Export Controls (CoCom) was established by Western bloc powers in the first five years after the end of World War II, during the Cold War, to put an arms embargo on Comecon countries. CoCom ceased to function on March 31, 1994, and the then-current control list of embargoed goods was retained by the member nations until the successor, the Wassenaar Arrangement, was established. Title: Dates of establishment of diplomatic relations with the People's Republic of China Passage: Since its founding in 1949, the People's Republic of China (PRC) has had a diplomatic tug - of - war with its rival in Taiwan, the Republic of China (ROC). Throughout the Cold War, both governments claimed to be the sole legitimate government of all China and allowed countries to recognize either one or the other. Until the 1970s, most Western countries recognized the ROC while the communist bloc and third world countries generally recognized the PRC. This gradually shifted and today only 19 UN member states recognize the ROC while the PRC is recognized by the United Nations and the majority (175) of sovereign states around the world and Palestine. Both the ROC and the PRC maintain the requirement of recognizing its view of the One - China policy to establish or maintain diplomatic relations. Title: Brinkmanship Passage: Brinkmanship is the ostensible escalation of threats to achieve one's aims. The word was probably coined by Adlai Stevenson in his criticism of the philosophy described as ``going to the brink ''in an interview with Secretary of State John Foster Dulles under the Eisenhower administration, during the Cold War. In an article written in Life Magazine, John Foster Dulles then defined his policy of brinkmanship as`` The ability to get to the verge without getting into the war is the necessary art.'' During the Cold War, this was used as a policy by the United States to coerce the Soviet Union into backing down militarily. Eventually, the threats involved might become so huge as to be unmanageable at which point both sides are likely to back down. This was the case during the Cold War; the escalation of threats of nuclear war, if carried out, are likely to lead to mutually assured destruction. Title: 28th Rifle Division Passage: The 28th Rifle Division was a rifle division in the Soviet Red Army during the Russian Civil War, World War II and the Cold War. Title: Cambodian Civil War Passage: Cambodian Civil War Part of the Vietnam War, the Indochina Wars, and the Cold War US tanks entering a town in Cambodia in 1970. Date 17 January 1968 -- 17 April 1975 (5 years and 3 months) Location Cambodia Result Khmer Rouge victory Fall of the Kingdom of Cambodia Creation, then collapse, of the Khmer Republic Establishment of Democratic Kampuchea Beginning of the Cambodian genocide Belligerents Kingdom of Cambodia (1967 -- 1970) Khmer Republic (1970 -- 1975) United States South Vietnam Other Support Australia Canada France India Thailand Japan Malaysia Singapore Royal United National Government of Kampuchea ∟ National United Front of Kampuchea ∟ Khmer Rouge ∟ Khmer Rumdo North Vietnam Việt Cộng Other Support China Czechoslovakia Soviet Union Commanders and leaders Lon Nol Sisowath Sirik Matak Long Boret Richard Nixon Pol Pot Khieu Samphan Ieng Sary Nuon Chea Son Sen Norodom Sihanouk Strength 30,000 (1968) 35,000 (1970) 100,000 (1972) 200,000 (1973) 50,000 (1974) 4,000 (1970) 70,000 (1972) 40,000 -- 60,000 (1975) Casualties and losses 275,000 -- 310,000 killed Title: Chuon Nath Passage: Samdech Sangha Raja Jhotañano Chuon Nath ( ; 11 March 1883 – 25 September 1969) is the late "Kana Mahanikaya" Supreme Patriarch of Cambodia. Amongst his achievements is his effort in conservation of the Khmer language in the form of the Khmer dictionary. His protection of Khmer identity and history in the form of the national anthem, Nokor Reach and Savada Khmer are also among his contributions to the country. His ashes are interred at Wat Ounalom in Phnom Penh. Title: Cold Harbor, Virginia Passage: Cold Harbor is an unincorporated community in Hanover County, Virginia. The Battle of Cold Harbor was fought in the area in 1864, during the American Civil War. Title: Aoral District Passage: Aoral District () is a district located in Kampong Speu Province in central Cambodia. It includes Phnom Aural, the highest peak in Cambodia. Title: Alfred Sauvy Passage: Alfred Sauvy (31 October 1898 – 30 October 1990) was a demographer, anthropologist and historian of the French economy. Sauvy coined the term Third World ("Tiers Monde") in reference to countries that were unaligned with either the Communist Soviet bloc or the Capitalist NATO bloc during the Cold War. In an article published in the French magazine, "L'Observateur" on August 14, 1952, Sauvy said: Title: Canadian Armed Forces Passage: Since 1947, Canadian military units have participated in more than 200 operations worldwide, and completed 72 international operations. Canadian soldiers, sailors, and aviators came to be considered world-class professionals through conspicuous service during these conflicts and the country's integral participation in NATO during the Cold War, First Gulf War, Kosovo War, and in United Nations Peacekeeping operations, such as the Suez Crisis, Golan Heights, Cyprus, Croatia, Bosnia, Afghanistan, and Libya. Canada maintained an aircraft carrier from 1957 to 1970 during the Cold War, which never saw combat but participated in patrols during the Cuban Missile Crisis. Title: Aftermath of World War II Passage: The Aftermath of World War II was the beginning of an era defined by the decline of all great powers except for the Soviet Union and the United States, and the simultaneous rise of two superpowers: the Soviet Union (USSR) and the United States of America (USA). Allies during World War II, the USA and the USSR became competitors on the world stage and engaged in the Cold War, so called because it never resulted in overt, declared hot war between the two powers but was instead characterized by espionage, political subversion and proxy wars. Western Europe and Japan were rebuilt through the American Marshall Plan whereas Central and Eastern Europe fell under the Soviet sphere of influence and eventually an ``Iron Curtain ''. Europe was divided into a US - led Western Bloc and a Soviet - led Eastern Bloc. Internationally, alliances with the two blocs gradually shifted, with some nations trying to stay out of the Cold War through the Non-Aligned Movement. The Cold War also saw a nuclear arms race between the two superpowers; part of the reason that the Cold War never became a`` hot'' war was that the Soviet Union and the United States had nuclear deterrents against each other, leading to a mutually assured destruction standoff. Title: Nuclear arms race Passage: The nuclear arms race was a competition for supremacy in nuclear warfare between the United States, the Soviet Union, and their respective allies during the Cold War. During this period, in addition to the American and Soviet nuclear stockpiles, other countries developed nuclear weapons, though none engaged in warhead production on nearly the same scale as the two superpowers.	[ "Cambodian Civil War", "Phnom Samkos" ]
When did the country where Baldone Municipality is located become part of the USSR?	5 August 1940	[]	Title: Estonia Passage: Militarization was another aspect of the Soviet state. Large parts of the country, especially the coastal areas, were closed to all but the Soviet military. Most of the sea shore and all sea islands (including Saaremaa and Hiiumaa) were declared "border zones". People not actually residing there were restricted from travelling to them without a permit. A notable closed military installation was the city of Paldiski, which was entirely closed to all public access. The city had a support base for the Soviet Baltic Fleet's submarines and several large military bases, including a nuclear submarine training centre complete with a full-scale model of a nuclear submarine with working nuclear reactors. The Paldiski reactors building passed into Estonian control in 1994 after the last Russian troops left the country. Immigration was another effect of Soviet occupation. Hundreds of thousands of migrants were relocated to Estonia from other parts of the Soviet Union to assist industrialisation and militarisation, contributing an increase of about half a million people within 45 years. Title: Rodoljub Čolaković Passage: After his release, Rodoljub Čolaković emigrated to the Soviet Union and later took part in the Spanish Civil War on the Republican side. Title: Latvian Soviet Socialist Republic Passage: Following the Welles Declaration of July 23, 1940, the annexation of Latvia into the Soviet Union (USSR) on 5 August 1940 was not recognized as legitimate by the United States, the European Community, and recognition of it as the nominal fifteenth constituent republic of the USSR was withheld for five decades. Its territory was subsequently conquered by Nazi Germany in June -- July 1941, before being retaken by the Soviets in 1944 -- 1945. Nevertheless, Latvia continued to exist as a de jure independent country with a number of countries continued to recognize Latvian diplomats and consuls who still functioned in the name of their former governments. Title: Modern history Passage: The Soviet Union created the Eastern Bloc of countries that it occupied, annexing some as Soviet Socialist Republics and maintaining others as satellite states that would later form the Warsaw Pact. The United States and various western European countries began a policy of "containment" of communism and forged myriad alliances to this end, including NATO. Several of these western countries also coordinated efforts regarding the rebuilding of western Europe, including western Germany, which the Soviets opposed. In other regions of the world, such as Latin America and Southeast Asia, the Soviet Union fostered communist revolutionary movements, which the United States and many of its allies opposed and, in some cases, attempted to "roll back". Many countries were prompted to align themselves with the nations that would later form either NATO or the Warsaw Pact, though other movements would also emerge. Title: Democracy and Totalitarianism Passage: Democracy and Totalitarianism is a book by French philosopher and political scientist Raymond Aron. It compares the political systems of the Soviet Union and the democratic countries of the West. Title: Kazakhstan Passage: With an area of 2,700,000 square kilometres (1,000,000 sq mi) – equivalent in size to Western Europe – Kazakhstan is the ninth-largest country and largest landlocked country in the world. While it was part of the Soviet Union, Kazakhstan lost some of its territory to China's Xinjiang autonomous region and some to Uzbekistan's Karakalpakstan autonomous republic. Title: Baldone Municipality Passage: Baldone Municipality () is a municipality in Zemgale, Latvia. The municipality was formed in 2008 by merging Baldone town and its countryside territory, with the administrative centre being Baldone. In 2010 Baldone parish was created from the countryside territory of Baldone town. Title: List of leaders of the Soviet Union Passage: Under the 1977 Constitution of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR), the Chairman of the Council of Ministers was the head of government and the Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet was the head of state. The office of the Chairman of the Council of Ministers was comparable to a prime minister in the First World, whereas the office of the Chairman of the Presidium was comparable to a president in the First World. In the Soviet Union's seventy - year history there was no official leader of the Soviet Union office, but during most of that era there was a de facto top leader who usually led the country through the office of the Premier or the office of the General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU). In the ideology of Vladimir Lenin the head of the Soviet state was a collegiate body of the vanguard party (see What Is to Be Done?). Title: Imperialism Passage: Trotsky, and others, believed that the revolution could only succeed in Russia as part of a world revolution. Lenin wrote extensively on the matter and famously declared that Imperialism was the highest stage of capitalism. However, after Lenin's death, Joseph Stalin established 'socialism in one country' for the Soviet Union, creating the model for subsequent inward looking Stalinist states and purging the early Internationalist elements. The internationalist tendencies of the early revolution would be abandoned until they returned in the framework of a client state in competition with the Americans during the Cold War. With the beginning of the new era, the after Stalin period called the "thaw", in the late 1950s, the new political leader Nikita Khrushchev put even more pressure on the Soviet-American relations starting a new wave of anti-imperialist propaganda. In his speech on the UN conference in 1960, he announced the continuation of the war on imperialism, stating that soon the people of different countries will come together and overthrow their imperialist leaders. Although the Soviet Union declared itself anti-imperialist, critics argue that it exhibited tendencies common to historic empires. Some scholars hold that the Soviet Union was a hybrid entity containing elements common to both multinational empires and nation states. It has also been argued that the USSR practiced colonialism as did other imperial powers and was carrying on the old Russian tradition of expansion and control. Mao Zedong once argued that the Soviet Union had itself become an imperialist power while maintaining a socialist façade. Moreover, the ideas of imperialism were widely spread in action on the higher levels of government. Non Russian Marxists within the Russian Federation and later the USSR, like Sultan Galiev and Vasyl Shakhrai, considered the Soviet Regime a renewed version of the Russian imperialism and colonialism. Title: Black people Passage: As African states became independent in the 1960s, the Soviet Union offered many of their citizens the chance to study in Russia. Over a period of 40 years, about 400,000 African students from various countries moved to Russia to pursue higher studies, including many Black Africans. This extended beyond the Soviet Union to many countries of the Eastern bloc. Title: Anti-aircraft warfare Passage: The most extreme case was the Soviet Union, and this model may still be followed in some countries: it was a separate service, on a par with the navy or ground force. In the Soviet Union this was called Voyska PVO, and had both fighter aircraft and ground-based systems. This was divided into two arms, PVO Strany, the Strategic Air defence Service responsible for Air Defence of the Homeland, created in 1941 and becoming an independent service in 1954, and PVO SV, Air Defence of the Ground Forces. Subsequently these became part of the air force and ground forces respectively Title: Germans Passage: After World War II, eastern European countries such as the Soviet Union, Poland, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Romania and Yugoslavia expelled the Germans from their territories. Many of those had inhabited these lands for centuries, developing a unique culture. Germans were also forced to leave the former eastern territories of Germany, which were annexed by Poland (Silesia, Pomerania, parts of Brandenburg and southern part of East Prussia) and the Soviet Union (northern part of East Prussia). Between 12 and 16,5 million ethnic Germans and German citizens were expelled westwards to allied-occupied Germany. Title: Baldone Manor Passage: Baldone Manor, also called Baldone White Palace, is a manor house in the historical region of Zemgale, in Latvia. It was built in 1901 as a hunting lodge. Title: Armenia Passage: Armenia was annexed by Bolshevist Russia and along with Georgia and Azerbaijan, it was incorporated into the Soviet Union as part of the Transcaucasian SFSR (TSFSR) on 4 March 1922. With this annexation, the Treaty of Alexandropol was superseded by the Turkish-Soviet Treaty of Kars. In the agreement, Turkey allowed the Soviet Union to assume control over Adjara with the port city of Batumi in return for sovereignty over the cities of Kars, Ardahan, and Iğdır, all of which were part of Russian Armenia. Title: Poyushchiye Gitary Passage: Pojuschie Gitary ( , "The Singing Guitars") were the Soviet Union's first rock band to reach a phenomenal rate of success and popularity in the Soviet Union, Eastern Europe and in other countries. For that reason, they are often nicknamed "the Soviet Beatles" in a manner not that different from Hungary's Illés and Poland's Czerwone Gitary, whose name means "Red Guitars". Title: Dobroflot Passage: After the Russian Revolution and the Russian Civil War the ships of the fleet became dispersed over various countries, and Soviet Russia made efforts via international courts to have them returned. Dobroflot was restored in the Soviet Union in 1922 and included into the Sovtorgflot ("Soviet Commercial Fleet") in 1925. Title: Partial Nuclear Test Ban Treaty Passage: The PTBT was signed by the governments of the Soviet Union, United Kingdom, and United States in Moscow on 5 August 1963 before being opened for signature by other countries. The treaty formally went into effect on 10 October 1963. Since then, 123 other states have become party to the treaty. Ten states have signed but not ratified the treaty. Title: Pechora Radar Station Passage: Pechora Radar Station () is an early warning radar near Pechora in the Komi Republic, northern Russia. It is a key part of the Russian early warning system against missile attack and was built by the Soviet Union, becoming operational in 1984. It is run by the Russian Aerospace Defence Forces. Title: Southern Europe Passage: Italy became a major industrialized country again, due to its post-war economic miracle. The European Union (EU) involved the division of powers, with taxation, health and education handled by the nation states, while the EU had charge of market rules, competition, legal standards and environmentalism. The Soviet economic and political system collapsed, leading to the end of communism in the satellite countries in 1989, and the dissolution of the Soviet Union itself in 1991. As a consequence, Europe's integration deepened, the continent became depolarised, and the European Union expanded to subsequently include many of the formerly communist European countries – Romania and Bulgaria (2007) and Croatia (2013). Title: Moldova at the Olympics Passage: Previously, Moldovan athletes competed as part of the Soviet Union at the Olympics from 1952 to 1988, and after the dissolution of the Soviet Union, Moldova was part of the Unified Team in 1992.	[ "Baldone Municipality", "Latvian Soviet Socialist Republic" ]
When was the census of sea life carried out in the Earth's southernmost continent?	International Polar Year	[]	Title: Earth Passage: Earth's lithosphere is divided into several rigid tectonic plates that migrate across the surface over periods of many millions of years. About 71% of Earth's surface is covered with water, mostly by oceans. The remaining 29% is land consisting of continents and islands that together have many lakes, rivers and other sources of water that contribute to the hydrosphere. The majority of Earth's polar regions are covered in ice, including the Antarctic ice sheet and the sea ice of the Arctic ice pack. Earth's interior remains active with a solid iron inner core, a liquid outer core that generates the Earth's magnetic field, and a convecting mantle that drives plate tectonics. Title: Continent Passage: A continent is one of several very large landmasses on Earth. Generally identified by convention rather than any strict criteria, up to seven regions are commonly regarded as continents. Ordered from largest in size to smallest, they are: Asia, Africa, North America, South America, Antarctica, Europe, and Australia. Title: Seafloor spreading Passage: Earlier theories (e.g. by Alfred Wegener and Alexander du Toit) of continental drift postulated that continents ``ploughed ''through the sea. The idea that the seafloor itself moves (and also carries the continents with it) as it expands from a central axis was proposed by Harry Hess from Princeton University in the 1960s. The theory is well accepted now, and the phenomenon is known to be caused by convection currents in the asthenosphere, which is ductile, or plastic, and the brittle lithosphere (crust and upper mantle). Title: Antarctica Passage: Positioned asymmetrically around the South Pole and largely south of the Antarctic Circle, Antarctica is the southernmost continent and is surrounded by the Southern Ocean; alternatively, it may be considered to be surrounded by the southern Pacific, Atlantic, and Indian Oceans, or by the southern waters of the World Ocean. It covers more than 14,000,000 km2 (5,400,000 sq mi), making it the fifth-largest continent, about 1.3 times as large as Europe. The coastline measures 17,968 km (11,165 mi) and is mostly characterized by ice formations, as the following table shows: Title: Africa Passage: Africa is the world's second largest and second most - populous continent (behind Asia in both categories). At about 30.3 million km (11.7 million square miles) including adjacent islands, it covers 6% of Earth's total surface area and 20% of its land area. With 1.2 billion people as of 2016, it accounts for about 16% of the world's human population. The continent is surrounded by the Mediterranean Sea to the north, the Isthmus of Suez and the Red Sea to the northeast, the Indian Ocean to the southeast and the Atlantic Ocean to the west. The continent includes Madagascar and various archipelagos. It contains 54 fully recognised sovereign states (countries), nine territories and two de facto independent states with limited or no recognition. The majority of the continent and its countries are in the Northern Hemisphere, with a substantial portion and number of countries in the Southern Hemisphere. Title: Asia Passage: Asia is the largest continent on Earth. It covers 9% of the Earth's total surface area (or 30% of its land area), and has the largest coastline, at 62,800 kilometres (39,022 mi). Asia is generally defined as comprising the eastern four - fifths of Eurasia. It is located to the east of the Suez Canal and the Ural Mountains, and south of the Caucasus Mountains (or the Kuma -- Manych Depression) and the Caspian and Black Seas. It is bounded on the east by the Pacific Ocean, on the south by the Indian Ocean and on the north by the Arctic Ocean. Asia is subdivided into 48 countries, three of them (Russia, Kazakhstan and Turkey) having part of their land in Europe. Title: Water Passage: Water covers 71% of the Earth's surface. It is vital for all known forms of life. On Earth, 96.5% of the planet's crust water is found in seas and oceans, 1.7% in groundwater, 1.7% in glaciers and the ice caps of Antarctica and Greenland, a small fraction in other large water bodies, 0.001% in the air as vapor, clouds (formed of ice and liquid water suspended in air), and precipitation. Only 2.5% of this water is freshwater, and 98.8% of that water is in ice (excepting ice in clouds) and groundwater. Less than 0.3% of all freshwater is in rivers, lakes, and the atmosphere, and an even smaller amount of the Earth's freshwater (0.003%) is contained within biological bodies and manufactured products. A greater quantity of water is found in the earth's interior. Title: Sea Passage: Former changes in sea levels have left continental shelves, shallow areas in the sea close to land. These nutrient - rich waters teem with life, which provide humans with substantial supplies of food -- mainly fish, but also shellfish, mammals, and seaweed -- which are both harvested in the wild and farmed. The most diverse areas surround great tropical coral reefs. Whaling in the deep sea was once common but whales' dwindling numbers prompted international conservation efforts and finally a moratorium on most commercial hunting. Oceanography has established that not all life is restricted to the sunlit surface waters: even under enormous depths and pressures, nutrients streaming from hydrothermal vents support their own unique ecosystem. Life may have started there and aquatic microbial mats are generally credited with the oxygenation of Earth's atmosphere; both plants and animals first evolved in the sea. Title: Africa Passage: Africa is the world's second - largest and second-most - populous continent (the first being Asia). At about 30.3 million km (11.7 million square miles) including adjacent islands, it covers 6% of Earth's total surface area and 20.4% of its total land area. With 1.2 billion people as of 2016, it accounts for about 16% of the world's human population. The continent is surrounded by the Mediterranean Sea to the north, both the Suez Canal and the Red Sea along the Sinai Peninsula to the northeast, the Indian Ocean to the southeast and the Atlantic Ocean to the west. The continent includes Madagascar and various archipelagos. It contains 54 fully recognised sovereign states (countries), nine territories and two de facto independent states with limited or no recognition. Title: Antarctica Passage: Antarctica is colder than the Arctic for three reasons. First, much of the continent is more than 3,000 m (9,800 ft) above sea level, and temperature decreases with elevation in the troposphere. Second, the Arctic Ocean covers the north polar zone: the ocean's relative warmth is transferred through the icepack and prevents temperatures in the Arctic regions from reaching the extremes typical of the land surface of Antarctica. Third, the Earth is at aphelion in July (i.e., the Earth is farthest from the Sun in the Antarctic winter), and the Earth is at perihelion in January (i.e., the Earth is closest to the Sun in the Antarctic summer). The orbital distance contributes to a colder Antarctic winter (and a warmer Antarctic summer) but the first two effects have more impact. Title: Geological history of Earth Passage: The Cenozoic Era covers the 66 million years since the Cretaceous -- Paleogene extinction event up to and including the present day. By the end of the Mesozoic era, the continents had rifted into nearly their present form. Laurasia became North America and Eurasia, while Gondwana split into South America, Africa, Australia, Antarctica and the Indian subcontinent, which collided with the Asian plate. This impact gave rise to the Himalayas. The Tethys Sea, which had separated the northern continents from Africa and India, began to close up, forming the Mediterranean sea. Title: Paleozoic Passage: The Paleozoic was a time of dramatic geological, climatic, and evolutionary change. The Cambrian witnessed the most rapid and widespread diversification of life in Earth's history, known as the Cambrian explosion, in which most modern phyla first appeared. Fish, arthropods, amphibians, anapsids, synapsids, euryapsids, and diapsids all evolved during the Paleozoic. Life began in the ocean but eventually transitioned onto land, and by the late Paleozoic, it was dominated by various forms of organisms. Great forests of primitive plants covered the continents, many of which formed the coal beds of Europe and eastern North America. Towards the end of the era, large, sophisticated diapsids and synapsids were dominant and the first modern plants (conifers) appeared. Title: Geological history of Earth Passage: The Paleozoic spanned from roughly 541 to 252 million years ago (Ma) and is subdivided into six geologic periods; from oldest to youngest they are the Cambrian, Ordovician, Silurian, Devonian, Carboniferous and Permian. Geologically, the Paleozoic starts shortly after the breakup of a supercontinent called Pannotia and at the end of a global ice age. Throughout the early Paleozoic, the Earth's landmass was broken up into a substantial number of relatively small continents. Toward the end of the era the continents gathered together into a supercontinent called Pangaea, which included most of the Earth's land area. Title: Ice sheet Passage: The Antarctic ice sheet is the largest single mass of ice on Earth. It covers an area of almost 14 million km and contains 30 million km of ice. Around 90% of the Earth's ice mass is in Antarctica, which, if melted, would cause sea levels to rise by 58 meters. The continent - wide average surface temperature trend of Antarctica is positive and significant at > 0.05 ° C / decade since 1957. Title: Asia Passage: Asia is the largest continent on Earth. It covers 8.8% of the Earth's total surface area (or 30% of its land area), and has the largest coastline, at 62,800 kilometres (39,022 mi). Asia is generally defined as comprising the eastern four - fifths of Eurasia. It is located to the east of the Suez Canal and the Ural Mountains, and south of the Caucasus Mountains (or the Kuma -- Manych Depression) and the Caspian and Black Seas. It is bounded on the east by the Pacific Ocean, on the south by the Indian Ocean and on the north by the Arctic Ocean. Asia is subdivided into 48 countries, three of them (Russia, Kazakhstan and Turkey) having part of their land in Europe. Title: Seafloor spreading Passage: Earlier theories (e.g. by Alfred Wegener and Alexander du Toit) of continental drift postulated that continents ``ploughed ''through the sea. The idea that the seafloor itself moves (and also carries the continents with it) as it expands from a central axis was proposed by Harry Hess from Princeton University in the 1960s. The theory is well accepted now, and the phenomenon is known to be caused by convection currents in the asthenosphere, which is ductile, or plastic, and the brittle lithosphere. Title: Antarctica Passage: A census of sea life carried out during the International Polar Year and which involved some 500 researchers was released in 2010. The research is part of the global Census of Marine Life (CoML) and has disclosed some remarkable findings. More than 235 marine organisms live in both polar regions, having bridged the gap of 12,000 km (7,456 mi). Large animals such as some cetaceans and birds make the round trip annually. More surprising are small forms of life such as mudworms, sea cucumbers and free-swimming snails found in both polar oceans. Various factors may aid in their distribution – fairly uniform temperatures of the deep ocean at the poles and the equator which differ by no more than 5 °C, and the major current systems or marine conveyor belt which transport eggs and larval stages. Title: Antarctica Passage: Antarctica (US English i/æntˈɑːrktɪkə/, UK English /ænˈtɑːktɪkə/ or /ænˈtɑːtɪkə/ or /ænˈɑːtɪkə/)[Note 1] is Earth's southernmost continent, containing the geographic South Pole. It is situated in the Antarctic region of the Southern Hemisphere, almost entirely south of the Antarctic Circle, and is surrounded by the Southern Ocean. At 14,000,000 square kilometres (5,400,000 square miles), it is the fifth-largest continent in area after Asia, Africa, North America, and South America. For comparison, Antarctica is nearly twice the size of Australia. About 98% of Antarctica is covered by ice that averages 1.9 km (1.2 mi; 6,200 ft) in thickness, which extends to all but the northernmost reaches of the Antarctic Peninsula. Title: Continental drift Passage: Continental drift is the movement of the Earth's continents relative to each other, thus appearing to ``drift ''across the ocean bed. The speculation that continents might have 'drifted' was first put forward by Abraham Ortelius in 1596. The concept was independently and more fully developed by Alfred Wegener in 1912, but his theory was rejected by some for lack of a mechanism (though this was supplied later by Arthur Holmes). The idea of continental drift has been subsumed by the theory of plate tectonics, which explains how the continents move. Title: Isthmus of Panama Passage: A significant body of water (referred to as the Central American Seaway) once separated the continents of North and South America, allowing the waters of the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans to mix freely. Beneath the surface, two plates of the Earth's crust were slowly colliding, forcing the Cocos Plate to slide under the Caribbean Plate. The pressure and heat caused by this collision led to the formation of underwater volcanoes, some of which grew large enough to form islands as early as 15 million years ago. Meanwhile, movement of the two tectonic plates was also pushing up the sea floor, eventually forcing some areas above sea level.	[ "Antarctica" ]
In September 1914, during the conflict in which the HMS Nairana served, where was the initial German offensive on the Western Front stopped?	First Battle of the Marne	[ "Battle of the Marne" ]	Title: Hundred Days Offensive Passage: The Hundred Days Offensive was the final period of the First World War, during which the Allies launched a series of offensives against the Central Powers on the Western Front from 8 August to 11 November 1918, beginning with the Battle of Amiens. The offensive essentially pushed the Germans out of France, forcing them to retreat beyond the Hindenburg Line, and was followed by an armistice. The term ``Hundred Days Offensive ''does not refer to a specific battle or unified strategy, but rather the rapid series of Allied victories starting with the Battle of Amiens. Title: HMS Nairana (1917) Passage: "Nairana" was returned to her former owners in 1921 and refitted in her original planned configuration, and spent the next 27 years ferrying passengers and cargo between Tasmania and Melbourne. She was twice struck by rogue waves in Bass Strait, and nearly capsized on both occasions. "Nairana" was the only Bass Strait ferry not requisitioned for military service in the Second World War, and so became the sole passenger ship with service to Tasmania during the conflict. She was laid up in 1948, wrecked in a storm three years later and scrapped "in situ" in 1953–54. Title: Karl Sutter Passage: Karl Sutter (10 May 1914 – 14 September 2003) was a German track and field athlete who competed in the pole vault. Title: Military history of the United States Passage: By summer 1918, a million American soldiers, or "doughboys" as they were often called, of the American Expeditionary Forces were in Europe under the command of John J. Pershing, with 25,000 more arriving every week. The failure of Germany's spring offensive exhausted its reserves and they were unable to launch new offensives. The German Navy and home front then revolted and a new German government signed a conditional surrender, the Armistice, ending the war against the western front on November 11, 1918. Title: Western Front (World War I) Passage: The Western Front was the main theatre of war during the First World War. Following the outbreak of war in August 1914, the German Army opened the Western Front by invading Luxembourg and Belgium, then gaining military control of important industrial regions in France. The tide of the advance was dramatically turned with the Battle of the Marne. Following the Race to the Sea, both sides dug in along a meandering line of fortified trenches, stretching from the North Sea to the Swiss frontier with France, which changed little except during early 1917 and in 1918. Title: Battle of Königsberg Passage: The Battle of Königsberg, also known as the Königsberg Offensive, was one of the last operations of the East Prussian Offensive during World War II. In four days of violent urban warfare, Soviet forces of the 1st Baltic Front and the 3rd Belorussian Front captured the city of Königsberg – now Kaliningrad, Russia. The siege started in late January 1945 when the Soviets initially surrounded the city. There was heavy fighting for the overland connection between Königsberg and the port of Pillau, but by March 1945 Königsberg was hundreds of kilometres behind the main front line. The battle finished when the German garrison surrendered to the Soviets on 9 April after a three-day assault made their position untenable. Title: Aircraft carrier Passage: The 1903 advent of heavier-than-air fixed-wing aircraft was closely followed in 1910 by the first experimental take-off of an airplane, made from the deck of a United States Navy vessel (cruiser USS Birmingham), and the first experimental landings were conducted in 1911. On 9 May 1912 the first airplane take-off from a ship underway was made from the deck of the British Royal Navy's HMS Hibernia. Seaplane tender support ships came next, with the French Foudre of 1911. In September 1914 the Imperial Japanese Navy Wakamiya conducted the world's first successful ship-launched air raid: on 6 September 1914 a Farman aircraft launched by Wakamiya attacked the Austro-Hungarian cruiser SMS Kaiserin Elisabeth and the German gunboat Jaguar in Kiaochow Bay off Tsingtao; neither was hit. The first carrier-launched airstrike was the Tondern Raid in July 1918. Seven Sopwith Camels launched from the converted battlecruiser HMS Furious damaged the German airbase at Tønder and destroyed two zeppelins. Title: Western Front (World War I) Passage: The German Army came within 70 km (43 mi) of Paris but at the First Battle of the Marne (6 -- 12 September), French and British troops were able to force a German retreat by exploiting a gap which appeared between the 1st and 2nd Armies, ending the German advance into France. The German Army retreated north of the Aisne River and dug in there, establishing the beginnings of a static western front that was to last for the next three years. Following this German retirement, the opposing forces made reciprocal outflanking manoeuvres, known as the Race for the Sea and quickly extended their trench systems from the Swiss frontier to the North Sea. The territory occupied by Germany held 64 percent of French pig - iron production, 24 percent of its steel manufacturing and 40 percent of the coal industry -- dealing a serious blow to French industry. Title: HMS E25 Passage: HMS "E25" was a British E class submarine built by William Beardmore and Company, Dalmuir. She was, along with the future , one of a pair of submarines ordered by the Ottoman Navy on 29 April 1914, but was taken over by the Royal Navy and assigned the "E25" name. She was laid down in November 1914, launched on 23 August 1915, and was commissioned on 4 October 1915. HMS "E25" was sold on 14 December 1921. Title: Schlieffen Plan Passage: The Schlieffen Plan (German: Schlieffen - Plan, pronounced (ʃliːfən plaːn)) was the name given after World War I to the thinking behind the German invasion of France and Belgium on 4 August 1914. Field Marshal Alfred von Schlieffen, the Chief of the Imperial Army German General Staff from 1891 to 1906, devised a deployment plan for a war - winning offensive, in a one - front war against the French Third Republic from 1905 -- 06. After the war, the German official historians of the Reichsarchiv and other writers, described the plan as a blueprint for victory. German historians claimed that the plan had been ruined by Generaloberst (Colonel - General) Helmuth von Moltke the Younger, the Commander - in - Chief of the German army after Schlieffen retired in 1906, who was dismissed after the First Battle of the Marne (5 -- 12 September 1914). Title: All Quiet on the Western Front Passage: All Quiet on the Western Front (German: Im Westen nichts Neues, lit. 'In the West Nothing New') is a novel by Erich Maria Remarque, a German veteran of World War I. The book describes the German soldiers' extreme physical and mental stress during the war, and the detachment from civilian life felt by many of these soldiers upon returning home from the front. Title: Herbert Ihlefeld Passage: Herbert Ihlefeld (1 June 1914 – 8 August 1995) was a German "Luftwaffe" military aviator during the Spanish Civil War and World War II, a fighter ace listed with 130 enemy aircraft shot down in over 1,000 combat missions. He claimed seven victories in the Spanish Civil War, and during World War II, 67 on the Eastern Front and 56 on the Western Front, including 15 four-engined bombers and 26 Supermarine Spitfires. He survived being shot down eight times during his 1,000 combat missions. Title: History of the United States Army Passage: The United States joined World War I in April 1917 on the side of the Triple Entente (British Empire, France, and Russia). Because of the necessary period of training before the units were moved overseas, the first elements of the American Expeditionary Forces arrived in June 1917. Their first actions of the Western Front came in October 1917. U.S. troops contributed to the offensive that finally broke through the German lines. With the armistice on 11 November 1918, the Army once again decreased its forces. Title: Rif Dimashq offensive (March–August 2013) Passage: Once the threat of western air-strikes had passed, the Army launched a new offensive against rebel positions on 10 September, primarily in the southern suburbs of Damascus. Title: East Prussia Passage: At the beginning of World War I, East Prussia became a theatre of war when the Russian Empire invaded the country. The Russian Army encountered at first little resistance because the bulk of the German Army had been directed towards the Western Front according to the Schlieffen Plan. Despite early success and the capture of the towns of Rastenburg and Gumbinnen, in the Battle of Tannenberg in 1914 and the Second Battle of the Masurian Lakes in 1915, the Russians were decisively defeated and forced to retreat. The Russians were followed by the German Army advancing into Russian territory. Title: Otto Sackur Passage: Otto Sackur (28 September 1880 in Breslau, Germany – 17 December 1914 in Berlin, Germany) was a German physical chemist. Title: Hundred Days Offensive Passage: The Hundred Days Offensive (8 August to 11 November 1918) was an Allied offensive which ended the First World War. Beginning with the Battle of Amiens (8–12 August) on the Western Front, the Allies pushed Central Powers back after their gains from the Spring Offensive. The Germans eventually retreated to the Hindenburg Line, culminating in the Armistice of 11 November 1918. The term "Hundred Days Offensive" does not refer to a battle or strategy, but rather the rapid series of Allied victories against which the German armies had no reply. Title: 59th (2nd North Midland) Division Passage: The 59th (2nd North Midland) Division was an infantry division of the British Army during World War I. It was formed in late 1914/early 1915 as a 2nd Line Territorial Force formation raised as a duplicate of the 46th (North Midland) Division. After training in the United Kingdom and saw service in the Easter Rising in April 1916, the division joined the British Expeditionary Force (BEF) on the Western Front in early 1917. It saw action at Ypres and Cambrai, and was almost destroyed during the German Army's Spring Offensive in March 1918. The reconstituted division took part in the final advances of the war. Title: Battle of the Bulge Passage: Result Allied victory Western Allied offensive plans delayed by five or six weeks Disastrous offensive in the Ardennes exhausted the resources of Germany on the Western Front. The German collapse opened the way for the Allies to ultimately break the Siegfried Line Soviet offensive in Poland launched on 12 January 1945, eight days earlier than originally intended. Title: History of Germany during World War I Passage: During World War I, the German Empire was one of the Central Powers that lost the war. It began participation in the conflict after the declaration of war against Serbia by its ally, Austria - Hungary. German forces fought the Allies on both the eastern and western fronts, although German territory itself remained relatively safe from widespread invasion for most of the war, except for a brief period in 1914 when East Prussia was invaded. A tight blockade imposed by the Royal Navy caused severe food shortages in the cities, especially in the winter of 1916 -- 17, known as the Turnip Winter. At the end of the war, Germany's defeat and widespread popular discontent triggered the German Revolution of 1918 -- 19 which overthrew the monarchy and established the Weimar Republic.	[ "Western Front (World War I)", "HMS Nairana (1917)" ]
The film Ever After is based on an old story with many versions. How many species of fungi are found in the country with the oldest version?	627	[]	Title: Appendixia Passage: Appendixia is a genus of fungi in the family Xylariaceae. This is a monotypic genus, containing the single species Appendixia closterium. Title: Ever After Passage: Ever After (known in promotional material as Ever After: A Cinderella Story) is a 1998 American romantic drama film inspired by the fairy tale "Cinderella". It was directed by Andy Tennant and stars Drew Barrymore, Anjelica Huston, Dougray Scott, and Jeanne Moreau. The screenplay is written by Tennant, Susannah Grant, and Rick Parks. The original music score is composed by George Fenton. The film's closing theme song "Put Your Arms Around Me" is performed by the rock band Texas. Title: Gigantospora Passage: Gigantospora is a genus of fungi in the family Xylariaceae. This is a monotypic genus, containing the single species Gigantospora gigaspora. Title: Geastrum quadrifidum Passage: Geastrum quadrifidum, commonly known as the rayed earthstar or four-footed earthstar, is an inedible species of mushroom belonging to the genus "Geastrum", or earthstar fungi. First described scientifically by Christian Hendrik Persoon in 1794, "G. quadrifidum" is a cosmopolitan—but not common—species of Europe, the Americas, Africa, Asia, and Australasia. The fungus is a saprobe, feeding off decomposing organic matter present in the soil and litter of coniferous forests. Title: Cinderella Passage: The oldest known version of the Cinderella story is the ancient Greek story of Rhodopis, a Greek courtesan living in the colony of Naucratis in Egypt, whose name means ``Rosy - Cheeks ''. The story is first recorded by the Greek geographer Strabo in his Geographica (book 17, 33), probably written around 7 BC or thereabouts: Title: Zoopagales Passage: The Zoopagales is an order of fungi in the subdivision Zoopagomycotina. Most species are parasites or predators of microscopic animals such as amoebae. They also prey on rotifers. The order contains 5 families, 22 genera, and 190 species. Title: Glomus (fungus) Passage: Glomus is a genus of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi, and all species form symbiotic relationships (mycorrhizas) with plant roots. Glomus is the largest genus of AM fungi, with ca. 85 species described, but is currently defined as non-monophyletic. Title: Sure of You Passage: Sure of You (1989) is the sixth book in the "Tales of the City" series by San Francisco novelist Armistead Maupin. The story takes place around the eve of the 1988 presidential election in the U.S., three years after the previous book "Significant Others". The book was written as the end to the Tales series and is the antithesis of the first book. Title: Wildlife of Costa Rica Passage: The Wildlife of Costa Rica comprises all naturally occurring animals, fungi and plants that reside in this Central American country. Costa Rica supports an enormous variety of wildlife, due in large part to its geographic position between the North and South American continents, its neotropical climate, and its wide variety of habitats. Costa Rica is home to more than 500,000 species, which represents nearly 4% of the total species estimated worldwide, making Costa Rica one of the 20 countries with the highest biodiversity in the world. Of these 500,000 species, a little more than 300,000 are insects. Title: Spires of Spirit Passage: Spires of Spirit, by Gael Baudino, is a collection of six novellas set in the universe of The Strands Series. It was first published in 1997 by Roc Books. The first three stories take place in the time period just prior to "Strands of Starlight" and second three take place in 1990s Denver, USA, about ten years after the flashforwards in "Shroud of Shadow" and before the events depicted in "Strands of Sunlight". Title: The Romance of Tarzan Passage: The Romance of Tarzan is a 1918 American silent action adventure film directed by Wilfred Lucas starring Elmo Lincoln, Enid Markey, Thomas Jefferson, and Cleo Madison. The movie was the second Tarzan movie ever made, and is based on Edgar Rice Burroughs' original novel "Tarzan of the Apes". It adapts only the second part of the novel, the earlier portion having been the basis for the preceding film "Tarzan of the Apes" (1918). Less popular than its predecessor due to much of the action taking place in the wild west rather than Africa, the film has not been preserved, and no prints of it are known to survive today. Title: Communication Passage: Fungi communicate to coordinate and organize their growth and development such as the formation of Marcelia and fruiting bodies. Fungi communicate with their own and related species as well as with non fungal organisms in a great variety of symbiotic interactions, especially with bacteria, unicellular eukaryote, plants and insects through biochemicals of biotic origin. The biochemicals trigger the fungal organism to react in a specific manner, while if the same chemical molecules are not part of biotic messages, they do not trigger the fungal organism to react. This implies that fungal organisms can differentiate between molecules taking part in biotic messages and similar molecules being irrelevant in the situation. So far five different primary signalling molecules are known to coordinate different behavioral patterns such as filamentation, mating, growth, and pathogenicity. Behavioral coordination and production of signaling substances is achieved through interpretation processes that enables the organism to differ between self or non-self, a biotic indicator, biotic message from similar, related, or non-related species, and even filter out "noise", i.e. similar molecules without biotic content. Title: Geastrum coronatum Passage: Geastrum coronatum is an inedible species of mushroom belonging to the genus "Geastrum", or earthstar fungi. Christian Hendrik Persoon published the first description of "Geastrum coronatum" in 1801. Title: Ascomycota Passage: Ascomycota division or phylum of the kingdom Fungi that, together with the Basidiomycota, form the subkingdom Dikarya. Its members are commonly known as the sac fungi or ascomycetes. It is the largest phylum of Fungi, with over 64,000 species. The defining feature of this fungal group is the "ascus" (from Greek: ("askos"), meaning "sac" or "wineskin"), a microscopic sexual structure in which nonmotile spores, called ascospores, are formed. However, some species of the Ascomycota are asexual, meaning that they do not have a sexual cycle and thus do not form asci or ascospores. Familiar examples of sac fungi include morels, truffles, brewer's yeast and baker's yeast, dead man's fingers, and cup fungi. The fungal symbionts in the majority of lichens (loosely termed "ascolichens") such as "Cladonia" belong to the Ascomycota. Title: Egypt Passage: The plan stated that the following numbers of species of different groups had been recorded from Egypt: algae (1483 species), animals (about 15,000 species of which more than 10,000 were insects), fungi (more than 627 species), monera (319 species), plants (2426 species), protozoans (371 species). For some major groups, for example lichen-forming fungi and nematode worms, the number was not known. Apart from small and well-studied groups like amphibians, birds, fish, mammals and reptiles, the many of those numbers are likely to increase as further species are recorded from Egypt. For the fungi, including lichen-forming species, for example, subsequent work has shown that over 2200 species have been recorded from Egypt, and the final figure of all fungi actually occurring in the country is expected to be much higher. Title: Fassia Passage: Fassia is a genus of fungi in the family Xylariaceae. This is a monotypic genus, containing the single species Fassia scabrosa. Title: Saint Helena Passage: St Helena's biodiversity, however, also includes marine vertebrates, invertebrates (freshwater, terrestrial and marine), fungi (including lichen-forming species), non-vascular plants, seaweeds and other biological groups. To date, very little is known about these, although more than 200 lichen-forming fungi have been recorded, including 9 endemics, suggesting that many significant discoveries remain to be made. Title: Fungus Passage: The 2007 classification of Kingdom Fungi is the result of a large - scale collaborative research effort involving dozens of mycologists and other scientists working on fungal taxonomy. It recognizes seven phyla, two of which -- the Ascomycota and the Basidiomycota -- are contained within a branch representing subkingdom Dikarya, the most species rich and familiar group, including all the mushrooms, most food - spoilage molds, most plant pathogenic fungi, and the beer, wine, and bread yeasts. The accompanying cladogram depicts the major fungal taxa and their relationship to opisthokont and unikont organisms, based on the work of Philippe Silar, ``The Mycota: A Comprehensive Treatise on Fungi as Experimental Systems for Basic and Applied Research ''and Tedersoo et al. 2018. The lengths of the branches are not proportional to evolutionary distances. Title: Radulomyces Passage: Radulomyces is a genus of crust fungi in the family Pterulaceae. The genus has a widespread distribution and contains 11 species. It was circumscribed by Danish botanist Mads Peter Christiansen in 1960, with "Radulomyces confluens" as the type species. Title: Woundlicker Passage: Woundlicker is a novel by the journalist Jason Johnson, which is set in Belfast, Northern Ireland. The story takes place during the slow-moving Northern Ireland peace process talks of 2004 and is written as the verbatim transcription of a covert British government recording. Johnson said his debut novel, published in 2005, was "a story without heroes set in a city where there are far too many."	[ "Cinderella", "Egypt", "Ever After" ]
What is the genre of the composer of Souvenirs de Munich?	opera	[ "Opera" ]	Title: Bâlvănești Passage: Bâlvănești is a commune located in Mehedinți County, Romania. It is composed of five villages: Bâlvănești, Bâlvăneștii de Jos, Călineștii de Jos, Călineștii de Sus and Pârlagele. It is situated in the historical region of Oltenia. Title: Amédée Méreaux Passage: Amédée Méreaux (full name Jean-Amédée Lefroid de Méreaux) (Paris, 17 September 1802 – Rouen, 25 April 1874) was a French musicologist, pianist, and composer. He was the author of "Les clavecinistes de 1637 à 1790", written from 1864 to 1867, which had essays on the composers it mentioned. His grandfather, Nicolas-Jean Lefroid de Méreaux (1745–1797), was a composer of operas and oratorios, while his father, Jean-Nicolas Lefroid de Méreaux, was an organist and pianist and was a composer of piano sonatas. He was a friend of Frédéric Chopin. Title: Alejandro Urgelles Guibot Passage: Alejandro Urgelles Guibot (July 2, 1951 in Santiago de Cuba – October 6, 1984) was a basketball player from Cuba, who won the bronze medal with the men's national team at the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich, West Germany. Title: Alessandro, Marquis de Maffei Passage: Alessandro Scipione, Marquis de Maffei, (3 October 1662, Verona – January 1730, Munich) was an Italian Lieutenant General of Infantry in Bavarian service. He was the brother of the Italian writer and archaeologist Francesco Scipione. Title: Miguel Martínez Domínguez Passage: Miguel Martínez Domínguez (September 29, 1921 in Celaya, Guanajuato – December 6, 2014 in Mexico City) was a Mexican musician, composer and arranger of mariachi, pioneer in the use of trumpet in this genre. Title: ECM Records Passage: ECM (Edition of Contemporary Music) is an independent record label founded by Karl Egger, Manfred Eicher and Manfred Scheffner in Munich in 1969. While ECM is best known for jazz music, the label has released a variety of recordings, and ECM's artists often refuse to acknowledge boundaries between genres. ECM's motto is "the Most Beautiful Sound Next to Silence", taken from a 1971 review of ECM releases in "Coda", a Canadian jazz magazine. Title: Adalgiso Ferraris Passage: Adalgiso Ferraris (16 February 1890 – 31 December 1968) was an Italian-born British composer and pianist. Ferraris' compositions were based on classical and popular genres, with a particular flavour of gypsy, Hungarian and Russian traditionals. Among his best known melodies are the romantic Russian song "Dark Eyes", "Calinerie", "Souvenir d'Ukraine", "the Russian Pedlar" , "Two guitars" and "A Balalaika" Title: Cosimo Bottegari Passage: Cosimo Bottegari (1554—1620) was an Italian lutenist and composer of the Late Renaissance era. He was born in Florence and in 1573 became a gentleman at the court of Duke Albert of Bavaria in Munich. He left a manuscript of compositions titled "Il Libro di canto e liuto" which is an important source for Italian songs of the period. Title: Hans Christian Lumbye Passage: Lumbye is best known for his light compositions, many of which evoke non-musical sources. The "Champagne Galop", for example, begins with the "pop" of a champagne cork, and the "Copenhagen Steam Railway Galop" faithfully recreates the sounds of a train chugging out of a station and grinding to a halt at the next stop. He honored the Swedish Nightingale with a "Souvenir de Jenny Lind, Vals" from 1845. Title: BlackBerry Passage: The first BlackBerry device, the 850, was introduced in 1999 as a two - way pager in Munich, Germany. The name BlackBerry was coined by the marketing company Lexicon Branding. The name was chosen due to the resemblance of the keyboard's buttons to that of the drupelets that compose the blackberry fruit. Title: Souvenirs de Munich Passage: Souvenirs de Munich is a quadrille on themes from Wagner's "Tristan and Isolde", for piano, four hands by Emmanuel Chabrier. Title: Franz Seraph von Pfistermeister Passage: Franz Seraph von Pfistermeister (14 December 1820 – 2 March 1912), was the court secretary and State Council of the Kingdom of Bavaria. Pfistermeister entered history not only in the domain of politics but also in the domain of music, when in his first official administrative function he was ordered by King Ludwig II to find the composer Richard Wagner and bring him to Munich. Title: A Year Ago in Winter Passage: A Year Ago in Winter () is a 2008 German drama film directed by Caroline Link. It is based on the novel "Aftermath" by American author Scott Campbell, tellings the story of a "complicated family situation". The painting featured in the film was made by the Munich artist Florian Sussmayr. The film score is composed by Niki Reiser. Title: Frédéric Chopin Passage: Back in Warsaw that year, Chopin heard Niccolò Paganini play the violin, and composed a set of variations, Souvenir de Paganini. It may have been this experience which encouraged him to commence writing his first Études, (1829–32), exploring the capacities of his own instrument. On 11 August, three weeks after completing his studies at the Warsaw Conservatory, he made his debut in Vienna. He gave two piano concerts and received many favourable reviews—in addition to some commenting (in Chopin's own words) that he was "too delicate for those accustomed to the piano-bashing of local artists". In one of these concerts, he premiered his Variations on Là ci darem la mano, Op. 2 (variations on an aria from Mozart's opera Don Giovanni) for piano and orchestra. He returned to Warsaw in September 1829, where he premiered his Piano Concerto No. 2 in F minor, Op. 21 on 17 March 1830. Title: Mark Lothar Passage: Mark Lothar [ló:tar] (born Lothar Hundertmark, 23 May 1902, Berlin – 6 April 1985, Munich) was a German composer. In May 1938 his opera "Tailor Wibbel", inspired by a play by Hans Müller-Schlösser, was performed at the Berlin State Opera. Title: Souvenir de Mortefontaine Passage: Souvenir de Mortefontaine (Recollection of Mortefontaine) is an 1864 oil-on-canvas painting by French artist Jean-Baptiste-Camille Corot. It is a scene of tranquillity: a woman and children quietly enjoying themselves by a glass-flat, tree-flanked lake. Title: Olympiazentrum (Munich U-Bahn) Passage: Olympiazentrum is an U-Bahn station in Munich on the U3 of the Munich U-Bahn system. It was opened on 8 May 1972 for the 1972 Summer Olympics and services Munich's Olympiapark and its Olympic Village, and also those who want to visit the BMW museum. Title: Rindermarktbrunnen Passage: The Rindermarktbrunnen or literally ""Cattle market fountain"" in English is a modern sculpture in the historical Altstadt of Munich, in Bavaria, Germany. It was created in 1964 by Munich sculptor and professor of the Munich Academy Josef Henselmann in the course of the reorganisation of the cattle market. The fountain was sponsored by Gunter Henle. Title: Gwendoline (opera) Passage: Gwendoline is an opera in two acts and three scenes by the French composer Emmanuel Chabrier, with a libretto by Catulle Mendès. It was first performed at the Théâtre de la Monnaie, Brussels, Belgium on 10 April 1886. Further performances followed in Karlsruhe in 1889, Leipzig in 1890 and then in Lyons and Paris in 1893. "Gwendoline" was Chabrier's attempt to write a serious opera in the style of Richard Wagner. Title: Take Me Out to the Ball Game Passage: ``Take Me Out to the Ball Game ''Song by Edward Meeker Language English Genre Tin Pan Alley Length 1: 14 Songwriter (s) Composer: Albert Von Tilzer Lyricist: Jack Norworth	[ "Gwendoline (opera)", "Souvenirs de Munich" ]
When was the last time the state, with the city where Lo-Fi was formed, used the death penalty?	2 December 2009	[]	Title: Capital punishment in the United States Passage: Puerto Rico's constitution expressly forbids capital punishment, stating "The death penalty shall not exist", setting it apart from all U.S. states and territories other than Michigan, which also has a constitutional prohibition (eleven other states and the District of Columbia have abolished capital punishment through statutory law). However, capital punishment is still applicable to offenses committed in Puerto Rico, if they fall under the jurisdiction of the federal government, though federal death penalty prosecutions there have generated significant controversy. Title: Capital punishment in the United States Passage: Capital punishment was suspended in the United States from 1972 through 1976 primarily as a result of the Supreme Court's decision in Furman v. Georgia. The last pre-Furman execution was that of Luis Monge on June 2, 1967. In this case, the court found that the death penalty was being imposed in an unconstitutional manner, on the grounds of cruel and unusual punishment in violation of the Eighth Amendment to the United States Constitution. The Supreme Court has never ruled the death penalty to be per se unconstitutional. Title: Psychiatry: An Industry of Death Passage: Psychiatry: An Industry of Death is a museum in Hollywood, Los Angeles, California, US, as well as several touring exhibitions. It is owned and operated by the Citizens Commission on Human Rights (CCHR), an anti-psychiatry organization founded by the Church of Scientology and psychiatrist Thomas Szasz. The museum is located at 6616 Sunset Boulevard, Los Angeles, California and entry to the museum is free. Title: Capital punishment in the United States Passage: As noted in the introduction to this article, the American public has maintained its position of support for capital punishment for murder. However, when given a choice between the death penalty and life imprisonment without parole, support has traditionally been significantly lower than polling which has only mentioned the death penalty as a punishment. In 2010, for instance, one poll showed 49 percent favoring the death penalty and 46 percent favoring life imprisonment while in another 61% said they preferred another punishment to the death penalty. The highest level of support for the death penalty recorded overall was 80 percent in 1994 (16 percent opposed), and the lowest recorded was 42 percent in 1966 (47 percent opposed). On the question of the death penalty vs. life without parole, the strongest preference for the death penalty was 61 percent in 1997 (29 percent favoring life), and the lowest preference for the death penalty was 47 percent in 2006 (48 percent favoring life). Title: Capital punishment in the United States Passage: If a defendant is sentenced to death at the trial level, the case then goes into a direct review. The direct review process is a typical legal appeal. An appellate court examines the record of evidence presented in the trial court and the law that the lower court applied and decides whether the decision was legally sound or not. Direct review of a capital sentencing hearing will result in one of three outcomes. If the appellate court finds that no significant legal errors occurred in the capital sentencing hearing, the appellate court will affirm the judgment, or let the sentence stand. If the appellate court finds that significant legal errors did occur, then it will reverse the judgment, or nullify the sentence and order a new capital sentencing hearing. Lastly, if the appellate court finds that no reasonable juror could find the defendant eligible for the death penalty, a rarity, then it will order the defendant acquitted, or not guilty, of the crime for which he/she was given the death penalty, and order him sentenced to the next most severe punishment for which the offense is eligible. About 60 percent survive the process of direct review intact. Title: Capital punishment in the United States Passage: Possibly in part due to expedited federal habeas corpus procedures embodied in the Antiterrorism and Effective Death Penalty Act of 1996, the pace of executions picked up, reaching a peak of 98 in 1999 and then they declined gradually to 28 in 2015. Since the death penalty was reauthorized in 1976, 1,411 people have been executed, almost exclusively by the states, with most occurring after 1990. Texas has accounted for over one-third of modern executions (although only two death sentences were imposed in Texas during 2015, with the courts preferring to issue sentences of life without parole instead) and over four times as many as Oklahoma, the state with the second-highest number. California has the greatest number of prisoners on death row, has issued the highest number of death sentences but has held relatively few executions. Title: Canadian football Passage: During the last three minutes of a half, the penalty for failure to place the ball in play within the 20-second play clock, known as "time count" (this foul is known as "delay of game" in American football), is dramatically different from during the first 27 minutes. Instead of the penalty being 5 yards with the down repeated, the base penalty (except during convert attempts) becomes loss of down on first or second down, and 10 yards on third down with the down repeated. In addition, as noted previously, the referee can give possession to the defence for repeated deliberate time count violations on third down. Title: List of people executed in Tennessee Passage: Executed person Date of execution Method Murder victim (s) Under Governor Robert Glen Coe 19 April 2000 lethal injection Cary Ann Medlin Don Sundquist Sedley Alley 28 June 2006 U.S. Marine Corps Lance Corporal Suzanne Marie Collins Phil Bredesen Philip Workman 9 May 2007 Memphis Police Lieutenant Ronald Oliver Daryl Holton 12 September 2007 electrocution Stephen Holton, Brent Holton, Eric Holton, Kayla Holton Steve Henley 4 February 2009 lethal injection Fred and Edna Stafford 6 Cecil Johnson 2 December 2009 Bobby Bell Jr., James Moore, Charles House Title: Lo-Fi (band) Passage: Lo-Fi is an American country band formed in Nashville, TN in 2013. led by singer/songwriter, Jamie Teachenor(vocals, piano, keyboards) and songwriter & producer, Joe West (guitars, vocals). Teachenor and West have both been independently successful in the music business, working with artists such as Justin Timberlake, Keith Urban, Luke Bryan, P. Diddy, Steve Earle, Trisha Yearwood, Tim McGraw, Emmylou Harris, Blake Shelton, Shakira, and many more, with combined sales of over 20 million albums. Their first public performance as Lo-Fi was on May 7, 2013, at the Historic Ryman Auditorium, as part of the sold out show, "Honor Thy Song", honoring late Nashville singer-songwriter and producer, Tim Johnson. Title: Capital punishment in Canada Passage: Capital punishment in Canada dates back to Canada's earliest history, including its period as a French colony and, after 1763, its time as a British colony. From 1867 to the elimination of the death penalty for murder on July 14, 1976, 1,481 people had been sentenced to death, and 710 had been executed. Of those executed, 697 were men and 13 were women. The only method used in Canada for capital punishment of civilians after the end of the French regime was hanging. The last execution in Canada was the double hanging of Arthur Lucas and Ronald Turpin on December 11, 1962, at Toronto's Don Jail. Title: Capital punishment in the Philippines Passage: Capital punishment was again suspended via Republic Act No. 9346, which was signed by President Arroyo on 24 June 2006. The bill followed a vote held in Congress earlier that month which overwhelmingly supported the abolition of the practice. The penalties of life imprisonment and reclusion perpetua (detention of indefinite length, usually for at least 30 years) replaced the death penalty. Critics of Arroyo's initiative called it a political move meant to placate the Roman Catholic Church, some sectors of which were increasingly vocal in their opposition to her rule. Title: Capital punishment in the United States Passage: Capital punishment is a legal penalty in the United States, currently used by 31 states and the federal government. Its existence can be traced to the beginning of the American colonies. The United States is the only Western country currently applying the death penalty, one of 57 countries worldwide applying it, and was the first to develop lethal injection as a method of execution, which has since been adopted by five other countries. Title: Capital punishment in Texas Passage: Since Texas reinstated the death penalty in 1976, only two defendants sentenced to death have been granted clemency by the Governor after a recommendation from the Board: Title: Capital punishment in the United States Passage: Four states in the modern era, Nebraska in 2008, New York and Kansas in 2004, and Massachusetts in 1984, had their statutes ruled unconstitutional by state courts. The death rows of New York and Massachusetts were disestablished, and attempts to restore the death penalty were unsuccessful. Kansas successfully appealed State v. Kleypas, the Kansas Supreme Court decision that declared the state's death penalty statute unconstitutional, to the United States Supreme Court. Nebraska's death penalty statute was rendered ineffective on February 8, 2008 when the required method, electrocution, was ruled unconstitutional by the Nebraska Supreme Court. In 2009, Nebraska enacted a bill that changed its method of execution to lethal injection. Title: Capital punishment in the United States Passage: James Liebman, a professor of law at Columbia Law School, stated in 1996 that his study found that when habeas corpus petitions in death penalty cases were traced from conviction to completion of the case that there was "a 40 percent success rate in all capital cases from 1978 to 1995." Similarly, a study by Ronald Tabak in a law review article puts the success rate in habeas corpus cases involving death row inmates even higher, finding that between "1976 and 1991, approximately 47 percent of the habeas petitions filed by death row inmates were granted." The different numbers are largely definitional, rather than substantive. Freedam's statistics looks at the percentage of all death penalty cases reversed, while the others look only at cases not reversed prior to habeas corpus review. Title: 27 (band) Passage: 27 is an American rock band from Cambridge, Massachusetts. 27 was formed by Maria Christopher, formerly of Dirt Merchants, and Ayal Naor in 1997. 27 is commonly categorized as a rock or indie rock band, but the genres lo-fi and emo have occasionally been used to describe them. Title: William R. Snodgrass Tennessee Tower Passage: The William R. Snodgrass Tennessee Tower (also known as the Tennessee Tower) is a skyscraper in downtown Nashville, Tennessee, that houses Tennessee government offices. The tower was built for the National Life and Accident Insurance Company and served as its National Life Center until the State of Tennessee acquired it on January 3, 1994. More than 1,000 state employees who had been assigned to numerous locations now work in the building. Title: Egypt Passage: After Morsi was ousted by the military, the judiciary system aligned itself with the new government, actively suopporting the repression of Muslim Brotherhood members. This resulted in a sharp increase in mass death sentences that arose criticism from the US president Barack Obama and the General Secretary of the UN, Ban Ki Moon. In April 2013, one judge of the Minya governatorate of Upper Egypt, sentenced 1,212 people to death. In December 2014 the judge Mohammed Nagi Shahata, notorious for his fierceness in passing on death sentences, condemened to the capital penalty 188 members of the Muslim Brotherhood, for assaulting a police station. Various Egyptian and international human rights organisations have already pointed out the lack of fair trials, that often last only a few minutes and do not take into consideration the procedural standards of fair trials. Title: Leo Echegaray Passage: Leo Echegaray (11 July 1960 – 5 February 1999) was the first Filipino to be meted the death penalty after its reinstatement in the Philippines in 1993, some 23 years after the last judicial execution was carried out. His death sparked national debate over the legality and morality of the death penalty, which was later suspended on 15 April 2006. Title: Capital punishment in the United States Passage: Capital punishment is a legal penalty in the United States, currently used by 31 states, the federal government, and the military. Its existence can be traced to the beginning of the American colonies. The United States is the only Western country currently applying the death penalty, one of 58 countries worldwide applying it, and was the first to develop lethal injection as a method of execution, which has since been adopted by five other countries.	[ "Lo-Fi (band)", "William R. Snodgrass Tennessee Tower", "List of people executed in Tennessee" ]
When did the city where the creator of The Perugia Altarpiece died officially become a Christian country?	380 AD	[]	Title: Libya Passage: Libya (; ; ), officially the State of Libya, is a country in the Maghreb region in North Africa, bordered by the Mediterranean Sea to the north, Egypt to the east, Sudan to the southeast, Chad to the south, Niger to the southwest, Algeria to the west, and Tunisia to the northwest. The sovereign state is made of three historical regions: Tripolitania, Fezzan and Cyrenaica. With an area of almost , Libya is the fourth largest country in Africa, and is the 16th largest country in the world. Libya has the 10th-largest proven oil reserves of any country in the world. The largest city and capital, Tripoli, is located in western Libya and contains over one million of Libya's six million people. The second-largest city is Benghazi, which is located in eastern Libya. Title: Bern Passage: As of 2015, Bern's City Council is made up of two representatives of the SP (Social Democratic Party, of whom one is also the mayor), and one each of CVP (Christian Democratic Party), GB (Green Alliance of Berne), and FDP (FDP.The Liberals), giving the left parties a majority of three out of five seats. The last election was held on 25 November 2012. Title: Parable (film) Passage: Parable is a 1964 American short Christian film written and directed by Rolf Forsberg, made for the Lutheran Council and became popular when first screened at the 1964 New York World's Fair in 1964, and again in 1965 at the Protestant Pavilion. The film depicts Christ as a clown and the world as a circus and is considered both a revolutionary Christian film and one which proved to be influential. Title: Gothic altarpiece of Santes Creus Passage: The Gothic altarpiece of Santes Creus is an altarpiece painted by Guerau Gener and Lluís Borrassà between 1407 and 1411. It is one of the key works of the International Gothic altarpieces in Catalonia, created for the Santes Creus Monastery. The MNAC museum retains the "Nativity", crowned by the figure of "St. John the Evangelist", and the Resurrection of Christ, while the rest of the tables are kept in one of the chapels of the cathedral of Tarragona. The altarpiece was commissioned to Pere Serra but apparently died without starting it. Guerau Gener, a connoisseur of València international Gothic, replaced him, but his untimely death made Lluís Borrassà, one of the major figures in the painting of the first international Catalan Gothic, to complete the project. Title: Perugia Altarpiece Passage: The Perugia Altarpiece (Italian: "Pala di Perugia") is a painting by the Italian early Renaissance painter Fra Angelico, housed in the Galleria Nazionale dell'Umbria of Perugia, Italy. Title: The Virgin appearing to St. Bernard Passage: The Virgin appearing to St. Bernard is a painting by the Italian artist Pietro Perugino, the main painter of the Umbrian school that was based in Perugia. The panel was executed as an altarpiece for the church of Santa Maria Maddalena dei Pazzi in Florence. It was later acquired in 1829/30 for King Ludwig I of Bavaria from the Capponi in Florence, and eventually made it to the Alte Pinakothek in Munich. The work has been called "one of the high points of European painting in the late 15th century." Title: Fra Angelico Passage: In 1445 Pope Eugene IV summoned him to Rome to paint the frescoes of the Chapel of the Holy Sacrament at St Peter's, later demolished by Pope Paul III. Vasari claims that at this time Fra Angelico was offered the Archbishopric of Florence by Pope Nicholas V, and that he refused it, recommending another friar for the position. The story seems possible and even likely. However, if Vasari's date is correct, then the pope must have been Eugene IV and not Nicholas, who was elected Pope only on 6 March 1447. Moreover, the archbishop in 1446–1459 was the Dominican Antoninus of Florence (Antonio Pierozzi), canonized by Pope Adrian VI in 1523. In 1447 Fra Angelico was in Orvieto with his pupil, Benozzo Gozzoli, executing works for the Cathedral. Among his other pupils were Zanobi Strozzi. Title: Braccio da Montone Passage: In the next August Ladislaus died, and Braccio freed Bologna after receiving a payment of 180,000 gold ducats. He thus invaded and conquered most of Umbria, his goal being again the beloved Perugia. The city gave itself to Carlo Malatesta. At the battle of Sant'Egidio (12 July 1416, later portrayed in a famous fresco by Paolo Uccello), the "bracceschi" were victorious, and Perugia was finally forced to open its gates to Braccio da Montone. Other Umbrian cities, such as Todi, Narni, Orvieto and Terni named him as lord: at this point, Braccio da Montone was ready to form a state for himself in central Italy. He asked the newly elected Pope Martin V to name him Papal vicar for Umbria, but Martin replied by sending against him two armies under Guidantonio da Montefeltro, from the north, and under Sforza, from the South, but Montone defeated them at Spoleto. On 14 March 1419 he met the Pope in Florence, obtaining the long-awaited title (including the lordships of Perugia, Todi, Assisi, Spello, Jesi and others) in exchange for ousting Antongaleazzo Bentivoglio from Bologna. After conquering the latter, he could finally retreat in Perugia to enjoy ruling the city which had ousted him and his family many years ago. Title: Decemviri Altarpiece Passage: Decemviri Altarpiece (Italian: "Pala dei Decemviri") is a painting by the Italian Renaissance artist Pietro Perugino, executed in 1495-1496, and housed in the Pinacoteca Vaticana in Vatican City. Title: Right or Wrong (Wanda Jackson song) Passage: "Right or Wrong" or "Right or Wrong (I'll Be with You)" is a song written and originally recorded by Wanda Jackson, an American country, rock, and Christian music artist. Originally, the song was a major country and pop hit for Jackson in 1961. A second version was released in 1964 that became popular by American pop artist, Ronnie Dove. Title: What a Difference You've Made in My Life Passage: ``What a Difference You've Made in My Life ''is an inspirational song written by Archie Jordan and first made famous by two artists during 1977: teenaged Christian music singer Amy Grant and country music singer Ronnie Milsap. Title: Sealing the Tomb Passage: Sealing the Tomb is a great altarpiece triptych by William Hogarth in the English city of Bristol. It was commissioned for St Mary Redcliffe in 1755. In the 19th century attempts were made to sell it, but it was given to the Bristol Fine Art Academy, which became the Royal West of England Academy. Its size made it difficult to display and it was rolled up and stored in the basement. In 1973 it was displayed in the ecclesiastical museum created in the war-damaged Church of St Nicholas. When the museum closed it was converted to offices; however the triptych remains in the building. It will be on display to the public again when the church is re-consecrated in 2018. Title: Crimean War Passage: Sevastopol fell after eleven months, and formerly neutral countries began to join the allied cause. Isolated and facing a bleak prospect of invasion from the west if the war continued, Russia sued for peace in March 1856. This was welcomed by France and the UK, where the citizens began to turn against their governments as the war dragged on. The war was officially ended by the Treaty of Paris, signed on 30 March 1856. Russia lost the war, and was forbidden from hosting warships in the Black Sea. The Ottoman vassal states of Wallachia and Moldavia became largely independent. Christians were granted a degree of official equality, and the Orthodox church regained control of the Christian churches in dispute.:415 Title: Jörg Breu the Elder Passage: He journeyed to Austria and created several multi-panel altarpieces there in 1500–02, such as the Melk Altar (1502). He returned to Augsburg in 1502 where he became a master. He travelled to Italy twice, in ca. 1508 and in 1514/15. Title: Tiberina Republic Passage: The so-called Tiberina Republic (Italian: "Repubblica Tiberina") was a revolutionary municipality proclaimed on 4 February 1798, when republicans took power in the city of Perugia. It was an occupation zone that took its name from the river Tiber. A month later, the government of all the Papal States was changed into a republic: the Roman Republic, which Perugia belonged to. Its head was a consul and it used a tricolor similar to the French flag. Title: Sabbath in Christianity Passage: The position now dominant in Western Christianity is that observance of the Lord's Day, Sunday, supplanted or superseded the Sabbath commandment in that the former ``celebrated the Christian community's deliverance from captivity to sin, Satan, and worldly passions, made possible by the resurrection on the first day of the week. ''Early Christians observed the seventh day with prayer and rest, but they also gathered on the first day. By the 4th century, Christians were officially observing the first day, Sunday, as their day of rest, not the seventh. Title: State church of the Roman Empire Passage: Nicene Christianity became the state church of the Roman Empire with the Edict of Thessalonica in 380 AD, when Emperor Theodosius I made it the Empire's sole authorized religion. The Eastern Orthodox Church, Oriental Orthodoxy, and the Catholic Church each claim to be the historical continuation of this church in its original form, but do not identify with it in the caesaropapist form that it took later. Unlike Constantine I, who with the Edict of Milan of 313 AD had established tolerance for Christianity without placing it above other religions and whose involvement in matters of the Christian faith extended to convoking councils of bishops who were to determine doctrine and to presiding at their meetings, but not to determining doctrine himself, Theodosius established a single Christian doctrine (specified as that professed by Pope Damasus I of Rome and Pope Peter II of Alexandria) as the Empire's official religion. Title: Norman conquest of southern Italy Passage: In 1091, Roger invaded Malta and subdued the walled city of Mdina. He imposed taxes on the islands, but allowed the Arab governors to continue their rule. In 1127 Roger II abolished the Muslim government, replacing it with Norman officials. Under Norman rule, the Arabic spoken by the Greek Christian islanders for centuries of Muslim domination became Maltese. Title: Jeannette Vermeersch Passage: She is principally known for having been the companion (1932–1947) and then the wife (1947–1964) of Maurice Thorez, general secretary of the French Communist Party (PCF), with whom she had three children, born before their union was made official. Title: Christian Passage: The region of modern Eastern Europe and Central Eurasia (Russia, Ukraine and other countries of the ex-USSR) have a long history of Christianity and Christian communities on its lands. In ancient times, in the first centuries after the birth of Christ, when this region was called[by whom?] Scythia - Christians already lived there. Later the region saw the first states to adopt Christianity officially - initially in Armenia (301 AD) and in Georgia (337 AD), later in the Great Russian Principality (Kyivan Rus, Russian: Великое княжество Русское, ca 988 AD). People of that time used to denote themselves Christians (христиане, крестьяне) and Russians (русские). Both terms had strong Christian connotations.[citation needed] It is also interesting that in time the term "крестьяне" acquired the meaning "peasants of Christian faith" and later "peasants" (the main part of the population of the region), while the term "христиане" retained its religious meaning and the term "русские" began to mean representatives of the heterogeneous Russian nation formed on the basis of common Christian faith and language,[citation needed] which strongly influenced the history and development of the region. In the region the "Pravoslav faith" (православная вера - Orthodox faith) or "Russian faith" (русская вера) from earliest times became almost as known as the original "Christian faith" (христианская, крестьянская вера). Also in some contexts the term "cossack" (козак, казак - free man by the will of God) was used[by whom?] to denote "free" Christians of steppe origin and Russian language.	[ "State church of the Roman Empire", "Fra Angelico", "Perugia Altarpiece" ]
When in ww1 did the AIF Australia go to the country of citizenship of the person about whom he wrote his most widely-read work?	November 1914	[]	Title: Sergey Shubinsky Passage: Sergey Nikolayevich Shubinsky (; 1834–1913) was a Russian historian and journalist who edited two widely read magazines concerned with the history of Imperial Russia. Title: Athanasius of Alexandria Passage: His biography of Anthony the Great entitled Life of Antony(Βίος καὶ Πολιτεία Πατρὸς Ἀντωνίου, Vita Antonii) became his most widely-read work. Translated into several languages, it played an important role in the spreading of the ascetic ideal in Eastern and Western Christianity. Depicting Anthony as an illiterate and holy man who through his existence in a primordial landscape has an absolute connection to the divine truth, the biography also resembles the life of his biographer Athanasius. It later served as an inspiration to Christian monastics in both the East and the West. The so-called Athanasian Creed dates from well after Athanasius's death and draws upon the phraseology of Augustine's De trinitate. Title: Glas (book) Passage: Glas is a 1974 book by Jacques Derrida. It combines a reading of Hegel's philosophical works and of Jean Genet's autobiographical writing. "One of Derrida's more inscrutable books," its form and content invite a reflection on the nature of literary genre and of writing. Title: Military history of Australia during World War I Passage: The AIF departed Australia in November 1914 and, after several delays due to the presence of German naval vessels in the Indian Ocean, arrived in Egypt, where they were initially used to defend the Suez Canal. In early 1915, however, it was decided to carry out an amphibious landing on the Gallipoli peninsula with the goal of opening up a second front and securing the passage of the Dardanelles. The Australians and New Zealanders, grouped together as the Australian and New Zealand Army Corps (ANZAC), went ashore on 25 April 1915 and for the next eight months the Anzacs, alongside their British, French and other allies, fought a costly and ultimately unsuccessful campaign against the Turks. Title: Myanmar Passage: The Rohingya people have consistently faced human rights abuses by the Burmese regime that has refused to acknowledge them as Burmese citizens (despite some of them having lived in Burma for over three generations)—the Rohingya have been denied Burmese citizenship since the enactment of a 1982 citizenship law. The law created three categories of citizenship: citizenship, associate citizenship, and naturalised citizenship. Citizenship is given to those who belong to one of the national races such as Kachin, Kayah (Karenni), Karen, Chin, Burman, Mon, Rakhine, Shan, Kaman, or Zerbadee. Associate citizenship is given to those who cannot prove their ancestors settled in Myanmar before 1823, but can prove they have one grandparent, or pre-1823 ancestor, who was a citizen of another country, as well as people who applied for citizenship in 1948 and qualified then by those laws. Naturalized citizenship is only given to those who have at least one parent with one of these types of Burmese citizenship or can provide "conclusive evidence" that their parents entered and resided in Burma prior to independence in 1948. The Burmese regime has attempted to forcibly expel Rohingya and bring in non-Rohingyas to replace them—this policy has resulted in the expulsion of approximately half of the 800,000 Rohingya from Burma, while the Rohingya people have been described as "among the world's least wanted" and "one of the world's most persecuted minorities." But the origin of ‘most persecuted minority’ statement is unclear. Title: Jerzy Żuławski Passage: In a twenty-year writing career, from his first book of poems in 1895, at the age of 21, to his final World War I dispatches in 1915, Jerzy Żuławski created an impressive body of work—seven volumes of poetry, three collections of literary criticism, numerous cultural and philosophical essays, ten plays and five novels. He was considered an important and influential intellectual figure in the early years of the 20th century, but a century later, the only creation which has remained in print and assured him literary immortality is "The Lunar Trilogy". Stanisław Lem (1921–2006), renowned as the "most widely read science-fiction writer in the world", contributed an introduction to the 1956 and 1975 editions of the "Trilogy"'s initial volume, "Na Srebrnym Globie" ("On the Silver Globe"), crediting Żuławski's words with inspiring him to become "a writer of the fantastic" and describing the time he spent reading "The Lunar Trilogy" as "one of the most fascinating and life-changing experiences" of his youth. Title: Schweppes Cola Passage: Schweppes Cola is a brand of cola produced by Schweppes. It was, at first, available mainly in Australia, but it was eventually made available around the world. The taste is similar to the now-defunct Count Cola. The product was widely available in supermarkets & small take-away food outlets. In Australia, the product was discontinued when Schweppes obtained a license to produce Pepsi products in Australia. Schweppes Cola is currently owned and distributed by Dr Pepper Snapple Group. Today, the product can be found in Canada and other countries. Title: Australia Passage: Colloquial names for Australia include ``Oz ''and`` the Land Down Under'' (usually shortened to just ``Down Under ''). Other epithets include`` the Great Southern Land'', ``the Lucky Country '',`` the Sunburnt Country'', and ``the Wide Brown Land ''. The latter two both derive from Dorothea Mackellar's 1908 poem`` My Country''. Title: Mohamed Nagui Passage: Over the course of his life, Nagui's artistic style varied, going from writing poems to writing novels. Yet, his works share the common theme of being about the human experience and connecting with nature. His works sometimes took on a political undertone - one of his most well-known works, the 2008 novel "El-Effendi" (also transliterated as "al-Affandi", or just ""Effendi"" in English), for example, was a "criticism of [a] middle class obsessed with chasing monetary and personal gain at the expense of the nation and society." Yet, even with this story, Nagui resisted the temptation to produce purely political works, with one critic noting how: "On the surface, Mohamed Nagui's The Effendi looks like another one of those anger-laden books about the corruption eating contemporary Egypt from the inside out...[But] Nagui uses the by now cliched template of the Egyptian young man who snakes his way up using unethical short-cuts and sleight-of-hand, and turns it over its head by writing something closer to a modern fairytale." In his works, Nagui shows a special affinity for the city of Alexandria, with one author noting how he and other "Proto-Modernists" like Mahmoud Said used Alexandria, "that most promiscuous of cities", as a model for what constitutes "Egyptianness". To date, Nagui remains widely regarded as one of the most influential writers to have ever come from the pan-Arab region. Title: Michael Kuchwara Passage: Michael Charlies Kuchwara (February 28, 1947 – May 22, 2010) was an American theater critic, columnist and journalist. Kuchwara worked as both a critic and journalist for the "Associated Press" for more than from 1984 until 2010, writing pieces that were read worldwide. Kuchwara, who was based in New York City, reviewed as many as 200 theater productions a year. Title: Megan Hart Passage: Megan Hart is a New York Times Best-Selling American author of over thirty romantic and erotic novels. Hart became interested in writing after reading the Ray Bradbury short story "Homecoming". Moved by this work, she rewrote her own version and began creating stories. She was inspired to write professionally after reading Stephen King's "The Stand". After a long break Hart resumed writing in 1998, publishing her first book in 2002. Title: Nora Connolly O'Brien Passage: Nora Connolly O'Brien was the daughter of Irish republican and socialist leader James Connolly and his wife Lillie Connolly. She was born in Edinburgh, one of seven children. She moved with her family to Dublin when she was three years old. Her formal education in Dublin extended to weekly Gaelic League classes to learn the Irish language. Otherwise, her mother, a former nursery maid, taught her how to read by the age of three and how to write, and arithmetic. The family moved to Troy, New York, when Nora was nine years old for her father to work at an insurance company. That work fell through, at which time he became increasingly political, prompting the family's eventual return to Ireland, this time to Belfast in 1910, with Nora going ahead a year earlier. Title: To Kill a Mockingbird Passage: The novel is renowned for its warmth and humor, despite dealing with the serious issues of rape and racial inequality. The narrator's father, Atticus Finch, has served as a moral hero for many readers and as a model of integrity for lawyers. One critic explains the novel's impact by writing, "In the twentieth century, To Kill a Mockingbird is probably the most widely read book dealing with race in America, and its protagonist, Atticus Finch, the most enduring fictional image of racial heroism." Title: Gold Coast Sun Passage: The Gold Coast Sun is a weekly newspaper serving Australia's Gold Coast region. The newspaper was established in March 1967 and is Australia's most-read community newspaper. Title: Arthur Upfield Passage: Born in England, Upfield moved to Australia in 1911 and fought with the Australian military during the First World War. Following his war service, he travelled extensively throughout Australia, obtaining a knowledge of Australian Aboriginal culture that he would later use in his written works. In addition to writing detective fiction, Upfield was a member of the Australian Geological Society and was involved in numerous scientific expeditions. Title: We're Going on a Bear Hunt Passage: We're Going on a Bear Hunt is a 1989 children's picture book written by Michael Rosen and illustrated by Helen Oxenbury. It has won numerous awards and was the subject of a Guinness World Record for ``Largest Reading Lesson ''with a book - reading attended by 1,500 children, and an additional 30,000 listeners online, in 2014. Title: Fred Hollows Passage: Hollows was originally a New Zealand citizen. He declined the award of honorary Officer of the Order of Australia in 1985. He adopted Australian citizenship in 1989 and was named Australian of the Year in 1990. He accepted the substantive award of Companion of the Order of Australia in 1991. Title: Anthony the Great Passage: The biography of Anthony's life by Athanasius of Alexandria helped to spread the concept of Christian monasticism, particularly in Western Europe via its Latin translations. He is often erroneously considered the first Christian monk, but as his biography and other sources make clear, there were many ascetics before him. Anthony was, however, among the first known to go into the wilderness (about 270), which seems to have contributed to his renown. Accounts of Anthony enduring supernatural temptation during his sojourn in the Eastern Desert of Egypt inspired the often-repeated subject of the temptation of St. Anthony in Western art and literature. Title: Charles S. Haas Passage: Haas was born in Brooklyn, the son of Eunice (née Dillon) and Philip Haas, who was an attorney. Haas began his writing career with the film "Over the Edge" (1979). It was co-written with Tim Hunter and starred Matt Dillon. He later worked on "Martians Go Home" (1990) starring Randy Quaid. Title: Jon Doust Passage: Jon Doust is a comedian, writer, novelist and professional speaker from Western Australia. Doust was born in Bridgetown. He studied English at Curtin University and worked in farming, retailing and journalism before pursuing a career in comedy and writing.	[ "Military history of Australia during World War I", "Athanasius of Alexandria", "Anthony the Great" ]
Who was the first muslim to be elected as president of the biggest and oldest political party in India?	Badruddin Tayyab Ji	[]	Title: All-India Muslim League Passage: The All - India Muslim League (popularised as Muslim League) was a political party established during the early years of the 20th century in the British Indian Empire. Its strong advocacy for the establishment of a separate Muslim - majority nation - state, Pakistan, successfully led to the partition of British India in 1947 by the British Empire. The party arose out of a literary movement begun at The Aligarh Muslim University in which Syed Ahmad Khan was a central figure. Sir Syed had founded, in 1886, the Muhammadan Educational Conference, but a self - imposed ban prevented it from discussing politics. In December 1906 conference in Dhaka, attended by 3,000 delegates, the conference removed the ban and adopted a resolution to form an All Indian Muslim League political party. Its original political goal was to define and advance the Indian Muslim's civil rights and to provide protection to the upper and gentry class of Indian Muslims. From 1906 -- 30s, the party worked on its organizational structure, its credibility in Muslim communities all over the British Indian Empire, and lacked as a mass organisation but represented the landed and commercial Muslim interests of the United Provinces (today's Uttar Pradesh). Title: Constituent Assembly of India Passage: The elections for the 296 seats assigned to the British Indian provinces were completed by August 1946. Congress won 208 seats, and the Muslim League 73. After this election, the Muslim League refused to cooperate with the Congress, and the political situation deteriorated. Hindu - Muslim riots began, and the Muslim League demanded a separate constituent assembly for Muslims in India. On 3 June 1947 Lord Mountbatten, the last British Governor - General of India, announced his intention to scrap the Cabinet Mission Plan; this culminated in the Indian Independence Act 1947 and the separate nations of India and Pakistan. The Indian Independence Act was passed on 18 July 1947 and, although it was earlier declared that India would become independent in June 1948, this event led to independence on 15 August 1947. The Constituent Assembly (elected for an undivided India) met for the first time on 9 December 1946, reassembling on 14 August 1947 as a sovereign body and successor to the British parliament's authority in India. As a result of the partition, under the Mountbatten plan a separate constituent assembly was established in Pakistan on 3 June 1947. The representatives of the areas incorporated into Pakistan ceased to be members of the Constituent Assembly of India. New elections were held for the West Punjab and East Bengal (which became part of Pakistan, although East Bengal later seceded to become Bangladesh); the membership of the Constituent Assembly was 299 after the reorganization, and it met on 31 December 1947. Title: History of India Passage: In 1905, Lord Curzon split the large province of Bengal into a largely Hindu western half and "Eastern Bengal and Assam", a largely Muslim eastern half. The British goal was said to be for efficient administration but the people of Bengal were outraged at the apparent "divide and rule" strategy. It also marked the beginning of the organized anti-colonial movement. When the Liberal party in Britain came to power in 1906, he was removed. Bengal was reunified in 1911. The new Viceroy Gilbert Minto and the new Secretary of State for India John Morley consulted with Congress leaders on political reforms. The Morley-Minto reforms of 1909 provided for Indian membership of the provincial executive councils as well as the Viceroy's executive council. The Imperial Legislative Council was enlarged from 25 to 60 members and separate communal representation for Muslims was established in a dramatic step towards representative and responsible government. Several socio-religious organizations came into being at that time. Muslims set up the All India Muslim League in 1906. It was not a mass party but was designed to protect the interests of the aristocratic Muslims. It was internally divided by conflicting loyalties to Islam, the British, and India, and by distrust of Hindus. The Akhil Bharatiya Hindu Mahasabha and Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS) sought to represent Hindu interests though the later always claimed it to be a "cultural" organization. Sikhs founded the Shiromani Akali Dal in 1920. However, the largest and oldest political party Indian National Congress, founded in 1885, is perceived to have attempted to keep a distance from the socio-religious movements and identity politics. Title: Friedrich Ebert Foundation Passage: The Friedrich Ebert Foundation ("German: Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung; Abbreviation: FES") is a German political foundation associated with the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD), yet independent of it. Established in 1925 as the political legacy of Friedrich Ebert, Germany's first democratically elected President, it is the largest and oldest of the German party-associated foundations. It is headquartered in Bonn and Berlin, and has offices and projects in over 100 countries. It is Germany's oldest organisation to promote democracy, political education, and promote students of outstanding intellectual abilities and personality. Title: 2020 United States presidential election Passage: The United States presidential election of 2020, scheduled for Tuesday, November 3, 2020, will be the 59th quadrennial U.S. presidential election. Voters will select presidential electors who in turn will either elect a new president and vice president through the electoral college or reelect the incumbents. The series of presidential primary elections and caucuses are likely to be held during the first six months of 2020. This nominating process is also an indirect election, where voters cast ballots selecting a slate of delegates to a political party's nominating convention, who then in turn elect their party's presidential nominee. Title: All India Trinamool Congress Passage: The All India Trinamool Congress (abbreviated AITC, TMC or Trinamool Congress) is an Indian political party based in West Bengal. Founded on 1 January 1998, the party is led by its founder and current Chief Minister of West Bengal Mamata Banerjee. Prior to the 2009 general election it was the sixth largest party in the Lok Sabha with 19 seats; following the 2014 general election, it is currently the fourth largest party in the Lok Sabha with 34 seats. Title: Sushil Koirala Passage: Koirala entered politics in 1954 inspired by the social-democratic ideals of the Nepali Congress. In 1958 he keenly participated in Bhadra Abagya Aandalon, (Civil Disobedience Movement) launched by the Nepali Congress. In 1959, he actively involved himself in the party's objective of carrying out the democratic elections. The election saw Bishweshwar Prasad Koirala become the first elected prime minister of the country. However, King Mahendra planned and executed a coup in December 1960 and expelled Bishweshwar Prasad Koirala. This resulted in the exile of several members of the Nepali Congress to India, which included Sushil Koirala. He remained in political exile in India for 16 years following the royal takeover of 1960. Koirala also spent three years in Indian prisons for his involvement in a plane hijacking in 1973. While in exile, Koirala was the editor of Tarun, the official party publication. He has been a member of the Central Working Committee of the party since 1979 and was appointed General Secretary of the party in 1996 and Vice President in 1998. Title: History of Singapore Passage: The election for the Legislative Assembly held on 2 April 1955 was a lively and closely fought affair, with several new political parties joining the fray. Unlike previous elections, voters were automatically registered, expanding the electorate to around 300,000. The SPP was soundly defeated in the election, winning only four seats. The newly formed, left-leaning Labour Front was the biggest winner with ten seats and it formed a coalition government with the UMNO-MCA Alliance, which won three seats. Another new party, the People's Action Party (PAP), won three seats. Title: Ontario Libertarian Party Passage: Ontario Libertarian Party Parti libertarien de l'Ontario Active provincial party Leader Rob Ferguson (interim) President Gene Balfour Founded 1975 (1975) Headquarters Toronto, Ontario Ideology Libertarianism Colours Yellow Website www.libertarian.on.ca Politics of Ontario Political parties Elections Title: List of presidents of India Passage: Seven presidents have been members of a political party before being elected. Six of these were active party members of the Indian National Congress. The Janata Party has had one member, Neelam Sanjiva Reddy, who later became president, he was born in Anantapur District (now Andhra Pradesh). Two presidents, Zakir Husain and Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed, have died in office. Their vice-presidents functioned as acting president until a new president was elected. Following Zakir Husain's death, two acting presidents held office until the new president, V.V. Giri, was elected. Varahagiri Venkata Giri himself, Zakir Husain's vice president, was the first acting president. When Giri resigned to take part in the presidential elections, he was succeeded by Mohammad Hidayatullah as acting president. The 12th president, Pratibha Patil, is the first woman to serve as President of India, elected in 2007. Title: Rahimtulla M. Sayani Passage: Rahimtullah M Sayani was the ``Second Muslim ''to become the`` President of Indian National Congress ''. (First was Badruddin Tayyab Ji) Title: Two-party system Passage: There is general agreement that the United States has a two - party system; historically, there have been few instances in which third party candidates won an election. In the First Party System, only Alexander Hamilton's Federalist Party and Thomas Jefferson's Democratic - Republican Party were significant political parties. Toward the end of the First Party System, the Republicans dominated a one - party system (primarily under the Presidency of James Monroe). Under the Second Party System, the Democratic - Republican Party split during the election of 1824 into Adams' Men and Jackson's Men. In 1828, the modern Democratic Party formed in support of Andrew Jackson. The National Republicans were formed in support of John Quincy Adams. After the National Republicans collapsed, the Whig Party and the Free Soil Party quickly formed and collapsed. In 1854, the modern Republican Party formed from a loose coalition of former Whigs, Free Soilers and other anti-slavery activists. Abraham Lincoln became the first Republican president in 1860. Title: Indian People's Front Passage: The Indian People's Front was a political organisation in India, active between 1982 and 1994. It functioned as an open, mass front of the Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) Liberation, and contested national and state elections. Title: Speaker of the Lok Sabha Passage: The Speaker of the Lok Sabha is the presiding officer of the Lok Sabha, the lower house of the Parliament of India. The speaker is elected in the very first meeting of the Lok Sabha following general elections. Serving for a term of five years, the Speaker chosen from amongst the members of the Lok Sabha, and is by convention a member of the ruling party or alliance. Title: National League for Democracy Passage: The National League for Democracy (Burmese: အမျိုးသား ဒီမိုကရေစီ အဖွဲ့ချုပ်, IPA: [ʔəmjóðá dìmòkəɹèsì ʔəpʰwḛdʑoʊʔ]; abbreviated NLD) is a social-democratic and liberal democratic political party in Myanmar (Burma), currently serving as the governing party. Founded on 27 September 1988, it has become one of the most influential parties in Myanmar's pro-democracy movement. Aung San Suu Kyi, the Special Honorary President of the Socialist International and a Nobel Peace Prize laureate, serves as its President and she is currently serving as State Counsellor of Myanmar. The party won a substantial parliamentary majority in the 1990 Burmese general election. However, the ruling military junta refused to recognise the result. On 6 May 2010, the party was declared illegal and ordered to be disbanded by the junta after refusing to register for the elections slated for November 2010. In November 2011, the NLD announced its intention to register as a political party to contend future elections, and Myanmar's Union Election Commission approved their application for registration on 13 December 2011.In the 2012 by-elections, the NLD contested 44 of the 45 available seats; winning 43, and losing only one seat to the SNDP. Party leader Aung San Suu Kyi won the seat of Kawhmu.In the 2015 general election, the NLD won a supermajority in both houses of the Assembly, paving the way for the country's first non-military president in 54 years. Title: Kamakhya Narain Singh Passage: He was educated at Rajkumar College, Raipur and at Mayo College, Ajmer. He became the Raja of Ramgarh in 1919 upon death of his father, Raja Lakshmi Narain Singh. He formed his own political party (Janta Party of Ramgarh) and was a prominent leader in Bihar at that time. His family (Narain Raj Parivar) was the first family in India to use helicopters in election campaign. He served as the Vice-President of the Bihar Landholder's Association and the All India Kshatriya Mahasabha. He was also Member of the Managing Committee and General Council of Rajkumar College; Member of the Executive Body of the Bihar War Committee. He served as president of Akhil Bharatiya Kshatriya Mahasabha in 1943 and 1953. Title: K. Avukader Kutty Naha Passage: K. Avukader Kutty Naha, was an Indian Union Muslim League Leader and former Deputy Chief Minister of Kerala. He was born in February 1920 to Shri Kunjikoyanutty Haji. He started his political life after his schooling through Indian Union Muslim League. During the political career, he served as Vice-President, Indian Union Muslim League, Kerala State Committee, and President, Kerala State Swathanthra Thozhilali Union. He had been elected also as a member of the Malabar District Board in 1954. Title: Political party Passage: While there is some international commonality in the way political parties are recognized, and in how they operate, there are often many differences, and some are significant. Many political parties have an ideological core, but some do not, and many represent very different ideologies than they did when first founded. In democracies, political parties are elected by the electorate to run a government. Many countries have numerous powerful political parties, such as Germany and India and some nations have one-party systems, such as China. The United States is a two-party system, with its two most powerful parties being the Democratic Party and the Republican Party. Title: Hitendra Thakur Passage: Hitendra Thakur (Marathi: हितेंद्र ठाकूर; born 3 October 1961) is an Indian politician from Virar, Maharashtra, India. He is the president of Bahujan Vikas Aaghadi, a political party in the Vasai-Virar region of Maharashtra, India. Title: List of presidents of India Passage: Seven Presidents have been members of a political party before being elected. Six of these were active party members of the Indian National Congress. The Janata Party has had one member, Neelam Sanjiva Reddy, who later became President. Two Presidents, Zakir Husain and Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed, have died in office. Their Vice-Presidents served as Acting Presidents until a new President was elected. Following Zakir Husain's death, two acting Presidents held office until the new President, V.V. Giri, was elected. When Giri resigned to take part in the presidential elections, he was succeeded by Mohammad Hidayatullah as acting President. The 12th President, Pratibha Patil, is the first woman to serve as President of India, elected in 2007. As of November 2017, Ram Nath Kovind is the President of India who was elected on 25 July 2017.	[ "Rahimtulla M. Sayani", "History of India" ]
What genre of music is published by the record label Tammy Lynn Michaels' spouse belongs to?	jaz	[]	Title: The Antidote (Ronny Jordan album) Passage: The Antidote is the debut album by English jazz guitarist Ronny Jordan, that was released by Island Records in 1992. Title: Bust a Move (song) Passage: ``Bust a Move ''Single by Young MC from the album Stone Cold Rhymin 'B - side`` Got More Rhymes'' ``The Fastest Rhyme - My Name Is Young ''Released May 22, 1989 (1989 - 05 - 22) Format 12 - inch vinyl 7 - inch vinyl cassette CD Recorded Genre Hip hop Length 4: 20 Label Fourth & Broadway Delicious Vinyl Island Records BMG Ariola Songwriter (s) Marvin Young Matt Dike Michael Ross Producer (s) Matt Dike Michael Ross Young MC singles chronology`` Bust a Move'' (1989) ``Principal's Office ''(1989)`` Bust a Move'' (1989) ``Principal's Office ''(1989) Title: Let's Build a World Together Passage: Let's Build a World Together is the fourth studio album by the country music artists George Jones and Tammy Wynette. The album was released in 1973 (see 1973 in country music) on the Epic Records label. It peaked at number 12 on the Billboard Country Albums chart. Title: Griffin Music Passage: Griffin Music was an independent record label created in 1989 in Toronto, Ontario, Canada by author/publisher Robert Godwin. It was originally created to record and finance the second album of Led Zeppelin tribute act, Michael White & The White. During late 1989 and 1990, Godwin worked with Michael White and his band recording the album in studios such as Sunset Sound and United Western Recorders in Los Angeles and Metalworks Studios in Toronto. Title: Meeting in the Ladies Room Passage: Meeting in the Ladies Room Vinyl edition Studio album by Klymaxx Released November 30, 1984 Recorded 1984 Genre Pop / R&B Label Constellation / MCA Producer Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis, Stephen Shockley, Lynn Malsby, Barry DeVorzon, Joseph Conlan, Bo Watson, Vincent Calloway, Joyce ``Fenderella ''Irby Klymaxx chronology Girls Will Be Girls (1982) Meeting in the Ladies Room (1984) Klymaxx (1986) Singles from Klymaxx`` The Men All Pause'' Released: October 16, 1984 ``Meeting in the Ladies Room ''Released: March 7, 1985`` Lock and Key'' Released: June 18, 1985 ``I Miss You ''Released: November 4, 1985 Title: Happy Days (TV theme) Passage: ``Happy Days ''Single by Pratt & McClain from the album Pratt & McClain Featuring Happy Days Released 1976 Format Vinyl, 7``, Single Recorded 1976 Genre Rock, Stage & Screen Length 2: 40 Label Reprise Records Songwriter (s) Charles Fox, Norman Gimbel Producer (s) Steve Barri, Michael Omartian Pratt & McClain singles chronology ``String Module Error: Match not found'' (1976)`` Happy Days ''(1976) ``Devil with a Blue Dress On'' (1976)`` Whachersign ''(1976) ``Happy Days'' (1976)`` Devil with a Blue Dress On ''(1976) Title: Greatest Hits: The Road Less Traveled Passage: Greatest Hits: The Road Less Traveled is a 2005 compilation album by Melissa Etheridge, released by Island Records. It featured 17 tracks from her then-17-year career, five of which were newly recorded. Eight of the other 12 tracks were specially remixed for this compilation. Title: The Pink Panther Theme Passage: ``The Pink Panther Theme ''Song by Henry Mancini from the album The Pink Panther Released 1963 Recorded 1963 Genre Jazz Length 2: 40 Label RCA Victor Songwriter (s) Henry Mancini Producer (s) Joe Reitman Title: You Rock My World Passage: ``You Rock My World ''Single by Michael Jackson from the album Invincible Released August 22, 2001 (2001 - 08 - 22) Format 7'' 12 ''CD cassette VHS single Recorded October 1999; Los Angeles, California Genre Disco - pop R&B Length 5: 39 (album version with intro) 5: 07 (album edit) 4: 27 (radio edit) Label Epic Songwriter (s) Michael Jackson Rodney Jerkins Fred Jerkins III LaShawn Daniels Nora Payne Producer (s) Michael Jackson Darkchild Michael Jackson singles chronology`` Smile'' (1998) ``You Rock My World ''(2001)`` Cry'' (2001) ``Smile ''(1998)`` You Rock My World'' (2001) ``Cry ''(2001) Music video`` You Rock My World'' on YouTube Audio sample file help Title: Breakfast in the Field Passage: Breakfast in the Field is the debut recording by guitarist Michael Hedges released on the Windham Hill label in 1981. It was recorded live to 2-track, with no overdubs. Title: High Lines Passage: High Lines is an album by American composer and violinist Michael Galasso recorded between 2002 and 2004 and released on the ECM label. Title: Mike Varney Passage: Mike Varney is an American musician, record producer, music publisher and impresario. He is the founder of the Shrapnel Label Group, which includes Shrapnel Records, Tone Center Records and Blues Bureau International. He also has a 50% stake in Magna Carta Records, a New York-based label. Amazon.com currently lists over 790 albums as being released by record labels founded or owned by Mike Varney. He is often credited with being the individual most responsible for popularizing the mid-1980s shred guitar boom, and has continuously specialized in producing highly acclaimed musicians within the genres of instrumental rock, hard rock, jazz, jazz fusion, blues, blues-rock, progressive metal and speed metal. Title: Tammy Lynn Michaels Passage: Tammy Lynn Michaels (born Tammy Lynn Doring on November 26, 1974 in Lafayette, Indiana), also known by the surname Etheridge from her relationship with Melissa Etheridge, is an American actress. Title: A King & Two Queens Passage: A King & Two Queens is an album by American country music artist George Jones and features duets with Melba Montgomery and Judy Lynn, released in 1964 on the United Artists Records. Jones and Montgomery had scored a number one country hit with the duet "We Must Have Been Out Of Our Minds" in 1963 and released the album "What's In Our Heart" the same year. Jones and Montgomery popularized the male-female country singer genre throughout the decade. Lynn, a former beauty queen who had joined a nationwide tour of Grand Ole Opry performers as a teenager, sings on three of the tracks. Title: Hold On Tight (Electric Light Orchestra song) Passage: ``Hold On Tight ''Single by Electric Light Orchestra from the album Time B - side`` When Time Stood Still'' Released 17 July 1981 (UK) July 1981 (US) Format 7 ''single Recorded 1981 at Musicland Studios, Munich Genre Rock and roll Length 3: 06 Label Jet Songwriter (s) Jeff Lynne Producer (s) Jeff Lynne Electric Light Orchestra singles chronology ``Do n't Walk Away'' (1980)`` Hold On Tight ''(1981) ``Twilight'' (1981)`` Do n't Walk Away ''(1980) ``Hold On Tight'' (1981)`` Twilight ''(1981) Time track listing 13 tracks Side one ``Prologue''`` Twilight ''``Yours Truly, 2095''`` Ticket to the Moon ''``The Way Life's Meant to Be''`` Another Heart Breaks ''Side two ``Rain Is Falling''`` From the End of the World ''``The Lights Go Down''`` Here Is the News ''``21st Century Man''`` Hold on Tight ''``Epilogue'' Music video`` Hold On Tight ''on YouTube Title: Off the Wall Passage: Off the Wall Studio album by Michael Jackson Released August 10, 1979 Studio Allen Zentz Recording Westlake Audio Cherokee Studios (Los Angeles, California) Genre R&B disco soul pop funk jazz Length 42: 28 Label Epic CBS Producer Quincy Jones Michael Jackson Michael Jackson chronology Forever, Michael (1975) Forever, Michael 1975 Off the Wall (1979) Thriller (1982) Thriller 1982 Alternate cover The slipcover for the 2001 Special Edition of the album. Current pressings of the special edition do not include the slipcover. Singles from Off the Wall ``Do n't Stop 'Til You Get Enough ''Released: July 28, 1979`` Rock with You'' Released: November 3, 1979 ``Off the Wall ''Released: February 2, 1980`` She's Out of My Life'' Released: April 19, 1980 ``Girlfriend ''Released: July 16, 1980 Title: Time Together Passage: Time Together is a jazz vocal album released in 2011 by Michael Franks with Shanachie Records. It is Franks' seventeenth album and marked a departure from his previous recordings by being his first with an independent record label. Title: Good Lovin' (Makes It Right) Passage: "Good Lovin' (Makes It Right)" is a 1971 song written by Billy Sherrill and recorded by Tammy Wynette. "Good Lovin' (Makes It Right)" was Tammy Wynette's ninth number one on the country chart. The single stayed at number one for two weeks and a total of spent fifteen weeks on the country chart. Title: Take Me to Your World Passage: "Take Me to Your World" is a 1968 single written by Billy Sherrill and Glenn Sutton and recorded by Tammy Wynette. "Take Me to Your World" was Tammy Wynette's second number one on the country charts as a solo artist. The single stayed at number one for a single week and spent a total of fourteen weeks on the country chart. Title: ECM Records Passage: ECM (Edition of Contemporary Music) is an independent record label founded by Karl Egger, Manfred Eicher and Manfred Scheffner in Munich in 1969. While ECM is best known for jazz music, the label has released a variety of recordings, and ECM's artists often refuse to acknowledge boundaries between genres. ECM's motto is "the Most Beautiful Sound Next to Silence", taken from a 1971 review of ECM releases in "Coda", a Canadian jazz magazine.	[ "The Antidote (Ronny Jordan album)", "Tammy Lynn Michaels", "Greatest Hits: The Road Less Traveled" ]
Where was the singer of Runnin' Down a Dream born?	Gainesville	[]	Title: You Make My Dreams Passage: ``You Make My Dreams '', sometimes referred to as`` You Make My Dreams Come True'', is a song by the American duo Hall & Oates, taken from their ninth studio album, Voices (1980). The song reached number five on the Billboard Hot 100 chart in 1981. Title: I've Got a Lovely Bunch of Coconuts Passage: The song appeared in I Could Go On Singing (1963), Judy Garland's last film. A portion of the song also appeared in Disney's 1994 The Lion King (sung by Rowan Atkinson). Nicolas Cage also sang part of this song in National Treasure: Book of Secrets. Ringo Starr sang an impromptu version of the song in Magical Mystery Tour, The Beatles' TV special broadcast by the BBC on 26 December 1967. Also, actors Hayden Rorke and Bill Daily performed a few lines of the song on ukulele in the 1969 I Dream of Jeannie episode ``Uncles a Go - Go. In the first episode of the 1977 sitcom Mind Your Language it is mentioned that a professor went crazy and sang this song. Title: Runnin' Down a Dream Passage: ``Runnin 'Down a Dream ''is a song co-written and recorded by Tom Petty. It was released in July 1989 as the second single from his first solo album Full Moon Fever.`` Runnin' Down a Dream'' achieved reasonable chart success, reaching number 23 both in Canada and on the US Billboard Hot 100 and the top of the Billboard Album Rock Tracks chart. It has since garnered significant airplay on classic rock stations, and lent its name to the 2007 documentary on Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers. Title: Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers Passage: Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers (alternately Tom Petty & The Heartbreakers) were an American rock band from Gainesville, Florida. Formed in 1976, the band originally comprised Tom Petty (lead singer, guitar), Mike Campbell (lead guitarist), Ron Blair (bass guitar), Stan Lynch (drums), and Benmont Tench (keyboards). In 1981, Blair, weary of the touring lifestyle, departed the band. His replacement, Howie Epstein, stayed with the band for the next two decades. In 1991, Scott Thurston joined the band as a multi-instrumentalist—mostly on rhythm guitar and second keyboards. Blair returned to the Heartbreakers in 2002, the year before Epstein's death. In 1994, Steve Ferrone replaced Lynch on drums. The band is best known for the hit singles "American Girl", "Breakdown", "The Waiting", "Learning to Fly", "Refugee" and "Mary Jane's Last Dance". Title: Every Storm (Runs Out of Rain) Passage: The song is a mid-tempo mainly accompanied by electric guitar. In it, the narrator expresses hope on situations improving, saying that ``every storm runs out of rain ''. It is in the key of C major with a main chord pattern of Am - F-C-G / D. Co-writer Hillary Lindsey sings backing vocals. Title: Jeepers Creepers (song) Passage: This song was featured in the 1938 film Going Places starring Dick Powell, Anita Louise and Ronald Reagan. Louis Armstrong appears in the part of Gabriel, the trainer of a race horse named Jeepers Creepers. Jeepers Creepers is a very wild horse and can only be soothed enough to let someone ride him when Gabriel plays the song ``Jeepers Creepers ''on his trumpet or sings it to him. Gabriel wrote the song specifically for the horse. (The phrase`` jeepers creepers'', a slang expression and minced oath euphemism for Jesus Christ, predates both the song and film.) Title: Run the World (Girls) Passage: "Run the World (Girls)" is a song recorded by American singer Beyoncé, from her fourth studio album "4" (2011), released as the lead single from the album on April 21, 2011. It was written by Terius "The-Dream" Nash and Beyoncé, while heavily sampling "Pon de Floor" by Major Lazer written by Nick "Afrojack" van de Wall, Wesley "Diplo" Pentz, David "Switch" Taylor and Adidja Palmer. Production was handled by Switch, The-Dream, Beyoncé, and Shea Taylor. The song's development was motivated by Beyoncé wanting to do something different: a mixture of different cultures and eras, a new sound, and a message which would give women strength. An unedited demo of the song, then thought to be titled "Girls (Who Run the World)", was leaked on the internet on April 18, 2011. "Run the World" premiered on US radio on April 21, 2011, and was digitally released the same day. Title: Lucid Dreams (Juice Wrld song) Passage: ``Lucid Dreams ''(alternatively`` Lucid Dreams (Forget Me)'') is a song by American rapper Juice Wrld. It was officially released by Grade A Productions and Interscope Records on March 13, 2018, after having been previously released on SoundCloud in June 2017. The song was produced by Nick Mira and debuted at number 74 on the Billboard Hot 100, peaking at number three. Title: Sing for the Moment Passage: ``Sing for the Moment ''contains samples of the song`` Dream On'' by the rock band Aerosmith. Joe Perry plays the guitar solo at the end of the song, and a sample of Steven Tyler singing is used as the chorus for this song. Eminem chants ``sing ''when Tyler starts to sing the chorus, and Eminem also chants`` sing with me'' and ``come on ''. Eminem says the words in his live performances as well. The beginning of the song samples the intro of`` Dream On''. ``Sing for the Moment ''was later released on Eminem's greatest hits compilation album Curtain Call: The Hits (2005). Title: Street of Dreams (Guns N' Roses song) Passage: "Street of Dreams" is a song by the American rock band Guns N' Roses, featured on their 2008 album "Chinese Democracy". The song is the third promotional song sent to radio stations, but was not released as a commercial single eligible for international Singles charts. From 2001 to 2008, the song was called "The Blues", but was changed to "Street of Dreams" for the album's release. Title: This Dream's on Me Passage: "This Dream's on Me" is a song written by Fred Koller, and recorded by American country music artist Gene Watson. It was released in July 1982 as the first single and title track from the album "This Dream's on Me". The song reached #8 on the "Billboard" Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart. Title: In Dreams (Roy Orbison song) Passage: "In Dreams" is a song composed and sung by rock and roll performer Roy Orbison. An operatic ballad of lost love, it was released as a single on Monument Records in February 1963. It became the title track on the album "In Dreams", released in July of the same year. The song has a unique structure in seven musical movements in which Orbison sings through two octaves, beyond the range of most rock and roll singers. Title: Cinderella (1950 film) Passage: Cinderella is a 1950 American animated musical fantasy film produced by Walt Disney and originally released by RKO Radio Pictures. Based on the fairy tale Cinderella by Charles Perrault, it is the twelfth Disney animated feature film. Directing credits go to Clyde Geronimi, Hamilton Luske, and Wilfred Jackson. Songs were written by Mack David, Jerry Livingston, and Al Hoffman. Songs in the film include ``Cinderella '',`` A Dream is a Wish Your Heart Makes'', ``Sing Sweet Nightingale '',`` The Work Song'', ``Bibbidi - Bobbidi - Boo '', and`` So This is Love''. It features the voices of Ilene Woods, Eleanor Audley, Verna Felton, Rhoda Williams, James MacDonald, Luis van Rooten, Don Barclay, Mike Douglas, William Phipps, and Lucille Bliss. Title: Boulevard of Broken Dreams (Al Dubin song) Passage: "Boulevard of Broken Dreams" is a 1933 hit song by Al Dubin (lyrics) and Harry Warren (music), set in Paris. The narrator says "I walk along the street of sorrow/The Boulevard of Broken Dreams/Where gigolo and gigolette/Can take a kiss without regret/So they forget their broken dreams." Title: Dream Weaver Passage: ``Dream Weaver ''is a song by the American singer Gary Wright, released as the first single from his third studio album The Dream Weaver (1975) in December 1975. The song became a hit in the US: # 2 on the Billboard chart and # 1 on Cashbox in 1976. Title: Suraj Jagan Passage: Suraj Jagan (born May 11, 1967) is an Indian playback singer. He is noted for the song Give Me Some Sunshine from the award - winning movie 3 Idiots. The song received the ``Best Emerging Male Performer ''award in the Max Stardust Award. Jagan's singing career began in 1990, and has included both solo work and as front man for the rock band Dream Out Loud. He has also worked in advertising jingle campaigns, Bollywood playback singing, acting in theatre productions and an acting role in the Bollywood film Rock On!! &`` Hunterrr''. Title: Susan Boyle Passage: Susan Magdalane Boyle (born 1 April 1961) is a Scottish singer who came to international attention when she appeared as a contestant on the TV programme Britain's Got Talent on 11 April 2009, singing ``I Dreamed a Dream ''from Les Misérables. Title: Steve Smith (American Dad!) Passage: A freshman at Pearl Bailey High School, Steve is a highly capable musician, having taken up the cello to once impress a girl. In a later episode, however, Steve says that he has been playing the cello since he was nine. Steve also plays guitar and sings, which he did as part of a band in the episode ``American Dream Factory. ''In fact, both of the songs Steve's band rehearses (`` Livin 'on the Run'' and ``Sunset Blvd ''), were originally recorded by Scott Grimes, who voices Steve. Among Steve's other talents are being able to read Elvish, use Morse code, and communicate with dolphins. Title: Run the World Passage: "Run the World" is a song recorded by American entertainer Jennifer Lopez for her seventh studio album "Love?" (2011). Written and produced by Terius "The-Dream" Nash and C. "Tricky" Stewart, "Run the World" was one of several songs recorded with the duo following Lopez's move from Epic Records to Island Records. The track originally featured vocals from The-Dream and a rap verse from American rapper Rick Ross however, the rap verse was removed during mastering process and The-Dream was credited with background vocals instead. Title: Am I Dreaming Passage: "Am I Dreaming" is a song from American singer Kat DeLuna's debut studio album "9 Lives". It was slated to be released as the second US single off the album, but was shelved in favor of "Run the Show."	[ "Runnin' Down a Dream", "Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers" ]
What is the highest point in the state WDJO broadcasts in?	Campbell Hill	[]	Title: Mount Grafton Passage: Mount Grafton is the high point of the southern section of the Schell Creek Range in southern White Pine County, in eastern Nevada in the western United States. The summit is located south of the community of Ely. The south ridge crosses into Lincoln County, making it that county's highest point at . Title: Selapiu Island Passage: Selapiu Island is an island of Papua New Guinea, located immediately south of the corner of New Hanover Island. According to the United States Naval Oceanographic Office, a "cylindrical concrete beacon, surmounted by a pole and a square, high, marks the south edge of the reef that extends from the east extremity of Selapiu Island." Its highest point is . Title: Carpenterville, Oregon Passage: Carpenterville is an unincorporated community in Curry County, Oregon, United States. It is located on the former alignment of U.S. Route 101 known as the Roosevelt Highway (now Oregon Route 255 or the Carpenterville Highway), about 16 miles north of Brookings. Carpenterville was the highest point on the former main coastal highway and the area is known for its views. Title: Campbell Hill (Ohio) Passage: Campbell Hill is, at 1,550 feet (470 m), the highest point in elevation in the U.S. state of Ohio. Campbell Hill is located within the city of Bellefontaine, 2 miles (3.2 km) northeast of downtown. Title: Cheaha Mountain Passage: Cheaha Mountain / ˈtʃiːhɔː /, often called Mount Cheaha, is the highest natural point in the U.S. state of Alabama. It is located a few miles northwest of the town of Delta in Cheaha State Park, which offers a lodge, a restaurant, and other amenities. Title: Crawford Corners, New Jersey Passage: Crawford Corners or Crawfords Corner is an unincorporated community located within Holmdel Township in Monmouth County, New Jersey, United States. The settlement is located at the intersection of Holmdel Road (County Route 4) and Crawfords Corners Road in the hilly northern portion of the township. The settlement is located about from Crawford Hill, the highest point in Monmouth County. The area also includes the township's town hall, police department, and high school in addition to a New Jersey State Police barracks and the PNC Bank Arts Center off the Garden State Parkway. These buildings and landmarks comprise the eastern section of the settlement, homes and heavily treed lands are located on the west side of Holmdel Road, and Holmdel Park makes up the southern portion of the area. Title: Mummy Mountain (Nevada) Passage: Mummy Mountain is the second highest peak of the Spring Mountains in Clark County, Nevada, United States. It is the twentieth highest mountain in the state. The mountain is located within the Mount Charleston Wilderness and the Humboldt-Toiyabe National Forest. Title: WDJO Passage: WDJO is an AM radio station in Cincinnati, Ohio that airs an oldies format. The station is the Cincinnati affiliate for the Ohio State IMG Sports Network. Oldies 1480 (as it is branded) is owned by Robert T. Nolan, through licensee Mustang Media, Inc. The station operates at 4,500 watts during the day and 300 watts at night. Title: Mons Huygens Passage: Mons Huygens is the Moon's tallest mountain (but not its highest point). It is about high and is located in the Montes Apenninus. Adjacent to the west is Mons Ampère. The Montes Apenninus were formed by the impact that created Mare Imbrium. The mountain was named after the Dutch astronomer, mathematician and physician Christiaan Huygens. Title: Dollberg Passage: The Dollberg is a mountain in the Dollberge range in central Germany and the highest point in the state of Saarland. It is and lies within the Schwarzwalder Hochwald on the boundary between the counties of Trier-Saarburg (Rhineland-Palatinate) and St. Wendel (Saarland). Title: Point No Point Passage: Point No Point is an outcropping of land on the northeast point of the Kitsap Peninsula in Washington, the United States. It was the location of the signing of the Point No Point Treaty and is the site of the Point No Point Light. It was named by Charles Wilkes during the United States Exploring Expedition of Puget Sound in 1841. Title: East Sister (Nevada) Passage: East Sister is the highest independent mountain completely within Lyon County in Nevada, United States. It is located within the Sweetwater Mountains just a short distance north of the highest point in Lyon County on the northeast ridge of Middle Sister. The peak is within the Humboldt-Toiyabe National Forest. Title: Tennessee Passage: The highest point in the state is Clingmans Dome at 6,643 feet (2,025 m). Clingmans Dome, which lies on Tennessee's eastern border, is the highest point on the Appalachian Trail, and is the third highest peak in the United States east of the Mississippi River. The state line between Tennessee and North Carolina crosses the summit. The state's lowest point is the Mississippi River at the Mississippi state line (the lowest point in Memphis, nearby, is at 195 ft (59 m)). The geographical center of the state is located in Murfreesboro. Title: Great Bend, Kansas Passage: Great Bend is a city in and the county seat of Barton County, Kansas, United States. It is named for its location at the point where the course of the Arkansas River bends east then southeast. As of the 2010 census, the population of the city was 15,995. Title: Korovin Volcano Passage: Korovin Volcano is the highest point on Atka Island in the Aleutian Islands chain Alaska, United States. Korovin is a side vent to the main Atka shield volcano. However, Korovin is the highest point on the island. Title: List of U.S. states and territories by elevation Passage: Which state or territory is ``highest ''and`` lowest'' is determined by the definition of ``high ''and`` low''. For instance, Alaska could be regarded as the highest state because Denali, at 20,310 feet (6,190.5 m), is the highest point in the United States. However, Colorado, with the highest mean elevation of any state as well as the highest low point, could also be considered a candidate for ``highest state ''. Determining which state is`` lowest'' is equally problematic. California contains the Badwater Basin in Death Valley, at 279 feet (85 m) below sea level, the lowest point in the United States; while Florida has the lowest high point, and Delaware has the lowest mean elevation. Florida is also the flattest state, with the smallest difference between its highest and lowest points. Title: Marescot Ridge Passage: Marescot Ridge () is a ridge in Antarctica consisting of numerous ice-covered hills, the highest being Crown Peak at at the south end of the ridge. The ridge is located inland from Marescot Point along the northwest coast of Trinity Peninsula. It was probably observed by Captain Jules Dumont d'Urville on February 27, 1838, when he named nearby "Cap Marescot" (now Marescot Point). Following its 1946 survey, the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey gave the name Marescot Ridge to this ridge, thinking it to be the coastal feature named by d'Urville. The name Marescot has been retained for both the ridge and the nearby point. Title: Hawaii (island) Passage: Hawaiʻi The Big Island Landsat mosaic, 1999 -- 2001 Location in the state of Hawaii Geography Location 19 ° 34 ′ N 155 ° 30 ′ W / 19.567 ° N 155.500 ° W / 19.567; - 155.500 Archipelago Hawaiian Islands Area 4,028 sq mi (10,430 km) Area rank 75th, largest island in the United States - 1st Highest elevation 13,803 ft (4,207.2 m) Highest point Mauna Kea Administration United States State Hawaii Symbols Flower Red Pua Lehua (ʻOhiʻa blossom) Color ʻUlaʻula (red) Largest settlement Hilo Demographics Population 185,079 (2010) Pop. density 46 / sq mi (17.8 / km) Title: Boistfort Peak Passage: Boistfort Peak, also called Baw Faw Peak is a peak in the Willapa Hills in Washington state. The summit was once the site of a fire lookout and is the highest point in the Willapa Hills. Title: Sugar Pine Point Light Passage: The Sugar Pine Point Light was a small lighthouse located on Lake Tahoe, in El Dorado County, California, in the United States. The tower no longer stands, but a small post light marks the site. It is located within the bounds of Ed Z'berg Sugar Pine Point State Park.	[ "Campbell Hill (Ohio)", "WDJO" ]
When did the civil war start in the country Adrian Esquino Lisco is from?	October 15, 1979	[]	Title: Uruguayan Civil War Passage: The Uruguayan Civil War, also known in Spanish as the Guerra Grande ("Great War"), was a series of armed conflicts between the leaders of Uruguayan independence. While officially the war lasted from 1839 until 1851, it was a part of armed conflicts that started in 1832 and continued until the final military defeat of "Blancos" in 1904. Out of supporters of presidents Rivera and Oribe grew Colorado Party and the National Party, both of which received backing and support from foreign sources, including neighboring Empire of Brazil, the Argentine Confederation, Buenos Aires Province as well as European powers, primarily the British Empire and the Kingdom of France, but also a legion of Italian volunteers including Giuseppe Garibaldi. Title: Emil Gustav Lisco Passage: Lisco was born in Berlin, the son of Friedrich Gustav Lisco, a pastor and theologian. From 1845 Emil became a pastor as well, also in Berlin. Among his more notable public positions was strident opposition to Copernican heliocentrism, against which he argued in an 1868 letter and in an 1872 lecture. Title: Juan Ibarrola Passage: Juan Ibarrola Orueta (1900 in Llodio, Álava – 1976) was a Spanish military commander who fought with the Republicans during the Spanish Civil War. He was a captain of the Civil Guard ("Guardia Civil"); unlike many of his fellow officers he rallied to the Republic when the Nationalist rising began. Featured in the war in Morocco, the coup d'état of July 1936 that led to the Civil War he was captain of the Guardia Civil in Bilbao and took command of a column to expel the rebels from the province of Álava without success. Title: History of Algeria (1962–99) Passage: The History of Algeria from 1962 to 1999 includes the period starting with preparations for independence and the aftermath of the independence war with France in the 1960s to the Civil War and the 1999 presidential election. Title: Spanish Civil War Passage: The Spanish Civil War (Spanish: Guerra Civil Española), widely known in Spain simply as The Civil War (Spanish: La Guerra Civil) or The War (Spanish: La Guerra), took place from 1936 to 1939. The Republicans, who were loyal to the democratic, left - leaning and relatively urban Second Spanish Republic, in an alliance of convenience with the Anarchists and Communists, fought against the Nationalists, a Falangist, Carlist, Catholic, and largely aristocratic conservative group led by General Francisco Franco. The war has often been portrayed as a struggle between democracy and fascism, particularly due to the political climate and timing surrounding it, but it can more accurately be described as a struggle between leftist revolution and rightist counter-revolution similar to the Finnish Civil War, the Russian Civil War, and the wars fought over the formation of the Hungarian and Slovak Soviet republics. In early 1939, the Nationalists won, and Franco ruled over all of Spain until his death in November 1975. Title: Greek M1934/39 helmet Passage: The M1934/39 helmet was the primary combat helmet used by the Greek Armed Forces during the Second World War. Greece purchased these helmets from Italy prior to the conflict as a replacement for their World War I-era Adrian helmets and refitted them with locally manufactured liners. Title: Walter Gwynn Passage: Walter Gwynn (February 22, 1802 – February 6, 1882) was an American civil engineer and soldier who became a Virginia Provisional Army general and North Carolina militia brigadier general in the early days of the American Civil War in 1861 and subsequently a Confederate States Army colonel. He was a railroad engineer and railroad president before the Civil War, Florida Comptroller in 1863 and a civil engineer after the Civil War. Title: First English Civil War Passage: The First English Civil War (1642–1646) began the series of three wars known as the English Civil War (or "Wars"). "The English Civil War" was a series of armed conflicts and political machinations that took place between Parliamentarians and Royalists from 1642 until 1651, and includes the Second English Civil War (1648–1649) and the Third English Civil War (1649–1651). The wars in England were part of the Wars of the Three Kingdoms, being fought contemporaneously with equivalents in Scotland and Ireland. Title: Little Nicky Passage: Arriving in Hell just minutes before midnight, Adrian begins the process of taking over Hell by pushing what remains of his father aside and sitting on the throne, rising to Central Park, and starting a riotous party. Meanwhile, Nicky wakes up in Heaven as a reward for sacrificing himself and meets his mother (Reese Witherspoon), an angel who tells him he can defeat Adrian with the Inner Light he inherited from her. After she gives him a mysterious orb, he goes to Central Park. Adrian appears to win a pitched battle by locking Nicky in the flask and turning himself into a bat, but Nicky escapes from the flask. When he shatters the orb, Ozzy Osbourne appears, bites Adrian's head off, and spits it into the flask. Title: Adrian Esquino Lisco Passage: Adrian Esquino Lisco (died September 8, 2007) was an El Salvadoran activist and spiritual chief and advisor to El Salvador's indigenous community. Lisco rose to international prominence during the Salvadoran Civil War when he called attention to human rights atrocities committed against El Salvador's indigenous peoples, who number about 1 percent of the country's 7 million people. Title: Egbert Ludovicus Viele Passage: Egbert Ludovicus Viele (Vee-lee) (June 17, 1825 – April 22, 1902) was a civil engineer and United States Representative from New York from 1885–1887, as well as an officer in the Union army during the American Civil War. Title: As Long as You Live Passage: As Long as You Live (German: Solange du lebst) is a 1955 West German war film directed by Harald Reinl and starring Adrian Hoven, Marianne Koch and Karin Dor. It is set during the Spanish Civil War, which is seen from a pro-Nationalist viewpoint. Title: Kerr's Patent Revolver Passage: Kerr's Patent Revolver was an unusual 5-shot single-action revolver manufactured from 1859 to 1866 by the London Armoury Company. It was used by Confederate cavalrymen during the U.S. Civil War. Seven of these revolvers were held by the New Zealand Colonial Defence Force in 1863 and were issued to the famous Forest Rangers at the start of the campaign to push Maori rebels out of the Auckland province. It is easily recognized by its side-mounted hammer. Title: Spanish Civil War Passage: The Spanish Civil War (Spanish: Guerra Civil Española), widely known in Spain simply as The Civil War (Spanish: La Guerra Civil) or The War (Spanish: La Guerra), took place from 1936 to 1939. The Republicans, who were loyal to the democratic, left - leaning and relatively urban Second Spanish Republic, in an alliance of convenience with the Anarchists, fought against the Nationalists, a Falangist, Carlist, Catholic, and largely aristocratic conservative group led by General Francisco Franco. The war has often been portrayed as a struggle between democracy and fascism, particularly due to the political climate and timing surrounding it, but it can more accurately be described as a struggle between leftist revolution and rightist counter-revolution similar to the Finnish Civil War and the wars fought over the formation of the Hungarian and Slovak Soviet republics. Ultimately, the Nationalists won, and Franco, who already ruled over Nationalist Spain, ruled over all of Spain for the next 36 years, from April 1939 until his death in November 1975. Title: Sir John Hotham, 1st Baronet Passage: Sir John Hotham, 1st Baronet, of Scorborough (circa July 1589 – 3 January 1645) was an English politician and Member of Parliament, who was governor of Hull in 1642 shortly before the start of the English Civil War. He refused to allow Charles I of England or any member of his entourage to enter the town, thereby depriving the King access to the large arsenal contained within. Later in the Civil war he and his son, John Hotham the younger, were accused of treachery, found guilty and executed. Title: Elisha Hunt Rhodes Passage: Elisha Hunt Rhodes (March 21, 1842 – January 14, 1917) was an American soldier who served in the Union Army of the Potomac for the entire duration of the American Civil War, rising from corporal to colonel of his regiment by war's end. Rhodes' illustrative diary of his war service was quoted prominently in Ken Burns' PBS documentary "The Civil War". Title: Salvadoran Civil War Passage: The Salvadoran Civil War was a conflict between the military - led government of El Salvador and the Farabundo Martí National Liberation Front (FMLN), a coalition or ``umbrella organization ''of several left - wing groups. A coup on October 15, 1979, led to the killings of anti-coup protesters by the government as well as anti-disorder protesters by the guerrillas, and is widely seen as the tipping point toward civil war. Title: Battle of Damascus (2012) Passage: The Battle of Damascus (), also known as Operation Damascus Volcano (), started on 15 July 2012 during the Syrian Civil War. It is unclear who started the battle. Thousands of rebels infiltrated Damascus from the surrounding countryside. Following this, according to some reports, the opposition forces launched an operation to capture the capital, while according to other reports, the military learned of the large-scale rebel operation beforehand and made a preemptive strike. Some reports even suggested the rebels launched the operation prematurely due to their plans being discovered by the security forces. Title: Joseph H. Tucker Passage: Joseph H. Tucker (1819 – October 22, 1894) was a banker, businessman and Illinois militia colonel during the first two years of the American Civil War (Civil War). He was given initial responsibility for building Camp Douglas at Chicago, Illinois, and was the first commander of the camp. Originally a training camp for Union Army recruits, in 1862 and 1863 Camp Douglas was converted into a prison camp for Confederate States Army prisoners captured by the Union Army. Tucker was commander of the camp from the start of its construction in October 1861 until September 28, 1862, except between February 26, 1862, and June 19, 1862. During this time, the camp was used as a training facility and had its initial use as a prisoner of war camp. Tucker was never mustered into the Union Army, remaining a colonel in the Illinois militia during the term of his service in the Civil War. Title: Paintings on masonite Passage: Paintings on masonite is a series of 27 abstract paintings made by Joan Miró using the type of proprietary hardboard known as masonite, just after the Spanish Civil War started on 18 July 1936. These works break with his earlier phase which was known as his "wild paintings" period. This was a label established to describe the work done during the two years preceding the Civil War, between 1934 and 1936.	[ "Salvadoran Civil War", "Adrian Esquino Lisco" ]
Who wrote the pledge of allegiance of the country where After the Sunset was filmed?	Rev. Philip Rahming	[]	Title: Pledge of Allegiance Passage: The phrase ``under God ''was incorporated into the Pledge of Allegiance on June 14, 1954, by a Joint Resolution of Congress amending § 4 of the Flag Code enacted in 1942. Title: Separation of church and state in the United States Passage: In 2002, a three judge panel on the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals held that classroom recitation of the Pledge of Allegiance in a California public school was unconstitutional, even when students were not compelled to recite it, due to the inclusion of the phrase "under God." In reaction to the case, Elk Grove Unified School District v. Newdow, both houses of Congress passed measures reaffirming their support for the pledge, and condemning the panel's ruling. The case was appealed to the Supreme Court, where the case was ultimately overturned in June 2004, solely on procedural grounds not related to the substantive constitutional issue. Rather, a five-justice majority held that Newdow, a non-custodial parent suing on behalf of his daughter, lacked standing to sue. Title: Munnariyippu Passage: Raj Vikram of Metromatinee.com wrote, ""Munnariyippu" is a many layered movie; seeps deep into the inner layers of sensibility. Mammootty takes the film to a different level with his expressive acting and subdued mannerisms." Padmakumar K of "Malayala Manorama" gave the film 3.5/5 and wrote, "Offering an experience which Malayali audience has so far been alien to, "Munnariyippu" gives an artistic mix of what is captivating as well as outlandish in terms of narrative, thanks to the brilliant work by script writer Unni R." He also said that the film "can be viewed as a movie with a different approach. Or the story of a person with a strange aptitude. Mammootty's character that stands out, stunningly. He is every inch the Raghavan of the film, in looks and in conduct." Aswin J Kumar of "The Times of India" gave a rating of 3.5/5 and wrote, "It feels good to watch Mammootty in "Munnariyippu". It's as though the waxy glow on his face has melted away revealing a face that looks so human and so earthy." He concluded that the film "might not go well with a section of viewers, but this is a smart way of making a film and reinventing an actor." S.R. Praveen of "The Hindu" wrote in his review, ""Munnariyippu", with its skeletal approach, delivers a thumping jolt to the viewer and reclaims the actor who was lost in the jungle of superstardom. One ends up wishing for a little more detail in places but at the same time it looks like holding everything back worked in the end." Title: Doris Miles Disney Passage: Doris Miles Disney (December 22, 1907 - March 9, 1976) was an American mystery writer. She wrote 47 novels, many of which were best sellers; several were made into feature films or TV movies. Title: Pledge of Allegiance Passage: The Pledge of Allegiance of the United States is an expression of allegiance to the Flag of the United States and the republic of the United States of America. It was originally composed by Captain George Thatcher Balch, a Union Army Officer during the Civil War and later a teacher of patriotism in New York City schools. The form of the pledge used today was largely devised by Francis Bellamy in 1892, and formally adopted by Congress as the pledge in 1942. The official name of The Pledge of Allegiance was adopted in 1945. The most recent alteration of its wording came on Flag Day in 1954, when the words ``under God ''were added. Title: My Life for Ireland Passage: My Life for Ireland () is a Nazi propaganda movie from 1941 directed by Max W. Kimmich, telling a story of Irish heroism and martyrdom over two generations of British occupation. The movie was produced for Nazi-occupied Europe with the intent of challenging pro-British allegiances; yet in some cases it had the unintended effect of making audiences identify the Irish struggle with their own resistance against the Nazis. Title: Pledge of Allegiance Passage: The Pledge of Allegiance, as it exists in its current form, was composed in August 1892 by Francis Bellamy (1855 -- 1931), who was a Baptist minister, a Christian socialist, and the cousin of socialist utopian novelist Edward Bellamy (1850 -- 1898). There did exist a previous version created by Rear Admiral George Balch, a veteran of the Civil War, who later become auditor of the New York Board of Education. Balch's pledge, which existed contemporaneously with the Bellamy version until the 1923 National Flag Conference, read: Title: Pledge of Allegiance Passage: The Pledge of Allegiance is an oath of allegiance to the United States, addressed to both the flag and the Republic. It was composed by Rear Admiral George Balch in 1887, and revised by Francis Bellamy in 1892. In 1942 it was formally adopted by Congress. Congress gave it the name The Pledge of Allegiance in 1945. In 1954 the words ``under God ''were added. Title: Maleyali Jotheyali Passage: Maleyali Jotheyali () is a 2009 Indian Kannada-language film that stars Ganesh, Anjana Sukhani and Yuvika Chaudhary. It is directed by Preetham Gubbi, who also co-wrote the script. Shilpa Ganesh, wife of Ganesh, produced the film under their production house, Golden Movies. Title: Pledge of Allegiance (Bahamas) Passage: The Pledge Of Allegiance is the national pledge of The Commonwealth of the Bahamas which was written by Rev. Philip Rahming. Title: Slavs Passage: When their migratory movements ended, there appeared among the Slavs the first rudiments of state organizations, each headed by a prince with a treasury and a defense force. Moreover, it was the beginnings of class differentiation, and nobles pledged allegiance either to the Frankish/ Holy Roman Emperors or the Byzantine Emperors. Title: Finders Keepers, Lovers Weepers! Passage: Finders Keepers, Lovers Weepers! is a 1968 film by Russ Meyer. The story involves the goings-on at a topless go-go bar on the Sunset Strip. Meyer himself makes an appearance in this film. The composition Finlandia by Jean Sibelius is used in one of the film's love scenes. Title: Sunset on the Desert Passage: Sunset on the Desert is a 1942 American Western film directed by Joseph Kane and starring Roy Rogers, and George "Gabby" Hayes. Title: After the Sunset Passage: After the Sunset is a 2004 action comedy film starring Pierce Brosnan as Max Burdett, a master thief caught in a pursuit with FBI agent Stan Lloyd, played by Woody Harrelson. The film was directed by Brett Ratner and shot in the Bahamas. Title: Jazzmania Passage: Jazzmania is a 1923 American silent drama film directed by Robert Z. Leonard and starring his then-wife Mae Murray. In keeping with Murray's previous films and a few of her succeeding films, the movie possesses some of the most provocative attire worn by an actress in film up to that time. As with "Fascination", Edmund Goulding wrote the original screen story and screenplay. Title: Wives of Men Passage: Wives of Men is a 1918 American silent drama film directed by John M. Stahl and starring Florence Reed. Stahl also wrote the screenplay with movie being produced by Grace Davison, who has a role in the film. Title: Korean War Passage: On 27 June, Rhee evacuated from Seoul with some of the government. On 28 June, at 2 am, the South Korean Army blew up the highway bridge across the Han River in an attempt to stop the North Korean army. The bridge was detonated while 4,000 refugees were crossing the bridge, and hundreds were killed. Destroying the bridge also trapped many South Korean military units north of the Han River. In spite of such desperate measures, Seoul fell that same day. A number of South Korean National Assemblymen remained in Seoul when it fell, and forty-eight subsequently pledged allegiance to the North. Title: Sudden Manhattan Passage: Sudden Manhattan was a 1996 low-budget comedy film in which Adrienne Shelly wrote, directed, and starred. The movie was distributed by Phaedra Cinema, which specialized in independent movies such as this. The cast included Tim Guinee and Roger Rees. It was filmed in New York and tells the story of a group of Manhattanites, one of whom, Donna (Shelly), witnesses a murder. Title: Kazablan Passage: The film was directed by Menahem Golan, who co-wrote the screenplay with Haim Hefer, and starred Yehoram Gaon as Kazablan and Efrat Lavi as Rachel. It was shot in Jerusalem and Jaffa. The movie was filmed in both a Hebrew and English version, and according to press releases, each scene was first filmed in one language and then the other. Title: Karl Gajdusek Passage: Karl Gajdusek is an American screenwriter, producer, and playwright. He was the showrunner for the first season of the Netflix series "Stranger Things" and the co-creator of the TV series "Last Resort" with Shawn Ryan. They were both also executive producers for the series. Gajdusek also wrote for the series "Dead Like Me" and wrote the film "Trespass" (2011). He co-wrote the screenplay for the 2013 Tom Cruise movie, "Oblivion", and "The November Man", which was released in 2014.	[ "Pledge of Allegiance (Bahamas)", "After the Sunset" ]
On American Idol, how many seasons was the co-writer and recording artist of Thank God I Found You a judge?	one	[]	Title: Kelly Clarkson Passage: Kelly Brianne Clarkson (born April 24, 1982) is an American singer and songwriter. She rose to fame in 2002 after winning the inaugural season of the television series American Idol, which earned her a record deal with RCA Records. Clarkson's debut single, ``A Moment Like This '', topped the US Billboard Hot 100 chart and became the country's best - selling single of 2002. It was followed by the release of her debut album, Thankful (2003), which debuted atop the US Billboard 200. Trying to reinvent her image, Clarkson decided to part ways with Idol management and her second album, Breakaway (2004), featured a pop rock sound. It sold over 12 million copies worldwide and earned Clarkson two Grammy Awards. Title: Pia Toscano Passage: Pia Toscano (born October 14, 1988) is an American singer. Toscano placed ninth on the tenth season of "American Idol". She was considered a frontrunner in the competition, and her elimination shocked judges Randy Jackson, Jennifer Lopez, and Steven Tyler, all of whom were visibly and vocally upset. Some viewers and media outlets described Toscano's departure as one of the most shocking eliminations in "American Idol" history. Title: I, E.T. Passage: "I, E.T." is the second episode from the first season of the television series "Farscape", written by Sally Lapiduss and directed by Pino Amenta. This episode originally aired following "Thank God It's Friday, Again", episode #6. Title: Brian Dunkleman Passage: Brian Dunkleman (born September 25, 1971) is an American comedian and actor. He is best known as being co-host with Ryan Seacrest on the first season of American Idol, in 2002. Title: Andy Skib Passage: Andy Skib (born November 9, 1985, San Diego, California) is the lead singer of the rock band Midwest Kings (MWK). He spent most of 2009 on the Declaration Tour with "American Idol" season seven winner David Cook. Skib has previously co-written songs with former David Cook bandmate Neal Tiemann, who also served as lead guitarist for their band, Midwest Kings (MWK). Additionally, he has co-written songs with artists Zac Maloy (The Nixons), Hanson, Graham Colton, and Jaret Reddick (Bowling for Soup). Skib is also known for his most recent solo project, To Have Heroes. Skib is a member of David Cook's band, The Anthemic, providing rhythm guitar, keyboards and backup vocals. Skib and the rest of The Anthemic worked on Cook's second album for 19/RCA Records. The album, entitled "This Loud Morning", was released on June 28, 2011. Title: American Idol Passage: On February 14, 2009, The Walt Disney Company debuted "The American Idol Experience" at its Disney's Hollywood Studios theme park at the Walt Disney World Resort in Florida. In this live production, co-produced by 19 Entertainment, park guests chose from a list of songs and auditioned privately for Disney cast members. Those selected then performed on a stage in a 1000-seat theater replicating the Idol set. Three judges, whose mannerisms and style mimicked those of the real Idol judges, critiqued the performances. Audience members then voted for their favorite performer. There were several preliminary-round shows during the day that culminated in a "finals" show in the evening where one of the winners of the previous rounds that day was selected as the overall winner. The winner of the finals show received a "Dream Ticket" that granted them front-of-the-line privileges at any future American Idol audition. The attraction closed on August 30, 2014. Title: American Idol (season 8) Passage: The eighth season of American Idol premiered on January 13, 2009, and concluded on May 20, 2009. Judges Simon Cowell, Paula Abdul, and Randy Jackson continued to judge the show's contestants, along with Ryan Seacrest as host. The season introduced Kara DioGuardi as the fourth judge on the Idol panel. It was also Abdul's final season as a judge. Kris Allen, a native of Conway, Arkansas, was announced the winner of the competition on May 20, 2009, defeating runner - up Adam Lambert after nearly 100 million votes. Kris Allen is the only married winner of the competition at the time of his victory. This was the second season where both of the final two contestants had been in the bottom three or two at least once before the finale, with the first being season three. Title: American Idol Passage: In the May 23 season finale, Jordin Sparks was declared the winner with the runner-up being Blake Lewis. Sparks has had some success as a recording artist post-Idol. Title: Thank God for Believers (song) Passage: "Thank God for Believers" is a song co-written by Mark Alan Springer, Roger Springer and Tim Johnson and was recorded by the American country music singer Mark Chesnutt. It was released in July 1997 as the title track and first single from his album "Thank God for Believers". It peaked at number 2 on the U.S. "Billboard" Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart and number 7 on the Canadian "RPM" Country Tracks chart. Title: There Is a God Passage: "There Is a God" is a song written by Chris DuBois and Ashley Gorley, and recorded by American country music artist Lee Ann Womack. It was released in November 2009. Title: Thank God I Found You Passage: "Thank God I Found You" is a song by American singer and songwriter Mariah Carey. It features guest vocals from R&B singer Joe and American boy band 98 Degrees. Written and produced by Carey along with Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis, the song was released on January 25, 2000, through Columbia Records as the second single from her seventh studio album, "Rainbow" (1999). "Thank God I Found You" is an pop power ballad that was inspired by a relationship Carey was going through at the time, and lyrically recounts a powerful love relationship in which the protagonist tells her lover "thank God I found you." Title: Thank God I'm a Country Boy Passage: ``Thank God I'm a Country Boy '', also known as`` Country Boy'', is a song written by John Martin Sommers and recorded by American singer / songwriter John Denver. Title: American Idol Passage: Towards the end of the season, Randy Jackson, the last remaining of the original judges, announced that he would no longer serve as a judge to pursue other business ventures. Both judges Mariah Carey and Nicki Minaj also decided to leave after one season to focus on their music careers. Title: American Idol (season 1) Passage: The first season of American Idol premiered on June 11, 2002 (under the full title American Idol: The Search for a Superstar) and continued until September 4, 2002. It was won by Kelly Clarkson. That first season was co-hosted by Ryan Seacrest and Brian Dunkleman, the latter of whom left the show after the season ended. Title: American Idol Passage: The show had originally planned on having four judges following the Pop Idol format; however, only three judges had been found by the time of the audition round in the first season, namely Randy Jackson, Paula Abdul and Simon Cowell. A fourth judge, radio DJ Stryker, was originally chosen but he dropped out citing "image concerns". In the second season, New York radio personality Angie Martinez had been hired as a fourth judge but withdrew only after a few days of auditions due to not being comfortable with giving out criticism. The show decided to continue with the three judges format until season eight. All three original judges stayed on the judging panel for eight seasons. Title: Thank God I'm a Country Boy Passage: "Thank God I'm a Country Boy", also known as "Country Boy", is a song written by John Martin Sommers and recorded by American singer/songwriter John Denver. Title: American Idol (season 11) Passage: The season set a record when 132 million votes were gathered for the finale. On May 23, 2012, Phillip Phillips became the winner of the eleventh season of American Idol, beating Jessica Sanchez, the first female recipient of the judges' save. Title: American Idol Passage: The first season of American Idol debuted as a summer replacement show in June 2002 on the Fox network. It was co-hosted by Ryan Seacrest and Brian Dunkleman. Title: American Idol (season 8) Passage: The eighth season of American Idol premiered on January 13, 2009, and concluded on May 20, 2009. Judges Simon Cowell, Paula Abdul, and Randy Jackson continued to judge the show's contestants, along with Ryan Seacrest as host. The season introduced Kara DioGuardi as the fourth judge on the Idol panel. It was also Abdul's final season as a judge. Kris Allen, a native of Conway, Arkansas, was announced the winner of the competition on May 20, 2009, defeating runner - up Adam Lambert after nearly 100 million votes. This was the second season where both of the final two contestants had been in the bottom three or two at least once before the finale, with the first being season three. Title: Show Me (Jessica Sutta song) Passage: "Show Me" is a song by American recording artist Jessica Sutta. The song was written by Alex Geringas, Paddy Dalton and songwriter Busbee, which lyrically talks about how actions talk louder than words. Musically, the song is a club-inspired song. "Show Me" premiered on Idolator on August 3, 2011, and was released on August 23, 2011 via Hollywood Records.	[ "American Idol", "Thank God I Found You" ]
What percent of the GDP of the country the performer of Keep Me Rockin' is from is oil?	2.9%	[]	Title: Economy of Canada Passage: Canada is one of the few developed nations that is a net exporter of energy -- in 2009 net exports of energy products amounted to 2.9% of GDP. Most important are the large oil and gas resources centred in Alberta and the Northern Territories, but also present in neighbouring British Columbia and Saskatchewan. The vast Athabasca oil sands give Canada the world's third largest reserves of oil after Saudi Arabia and Venezuela according to USGS. In British Columbia and Quebec, as well as Ontario, Saskatchewan, Manitoba and the Labrador region, hydroelectric power is an inexpensive and relatively environmentally friendly source of abundant energy. In part because of this, Canada is also one of the world's highest per capita consumers of energy. Cheap energy has enabled the creation of several important industries, such as the large aluminium industries in British Columbia and Quebec. Title: History of the United States public debt Passage: Debt held by the public was $15.05 billion or 16.5% of GDP in 1930. When Franklin D. Roosevelt took office in 1933, the public debt was almost $20 billion, 20% of GDP. Decreased tax revenues and spending on social programs during the Great Depression increased the debt and by 1936, the public debt had increased to $33.7 billion, approximately 40% of GDP. During its first term, the Roosevelt administration ran large annual deficits of between 2 and 5% of GDP. By 1939, the debt held by the public had increased to $39.65 billion or 43% of GDP. The buildup and involvement in World War II during the presidencies of F.D. Roosevelt and Harry S. Truman led to the largest increase in public debt. Public debt rose over 100% of GDP to pay for the mobilization before and during the war. Public debt was $251.43 billion or 112% of GDP at the conclusion of the war in 1945 and was $260 billion in 1950. Title: Tuvalu Passage: From 1996 to 2002, Tuvalu was one of the best-performing Pacific Island economies and achieved an average real gross domestic product (GDP) growth rate of 5.6% per annum. Since 2002 economic growth has slowed, with GDP growth of 1.5% in 2008. Tuvalu was exposed to rapid rises in world prices of fuel and food in 2008, with the level of inflation peaking at 13.4%. The International Monetary Fund 2010 Report on Tuvalu estimates that Tuvalu experienced zero growth in its 2010 GDP, after the economy contracted by about 2% in 2009. On 5 August 2012, the Executive Board of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) concluded the Article IV consultation with Tuvalu, and assessed the economy of Tuvalu: "A slow recovery is underway in Tuvalu, but there are important risks. GDP grew in 2011 for the first time since the global financial crisis, led by the private retail sector and education spending. We expect growth to rise slowly". The IMF 2014 Country Report noted that real GDP growth in Tuvalu had been volatile averaging only 1 percent in the past decade. The 2014 Country Report describes economic growth prospects as generally positive as the result of large revenues from fishing licenses, together with substantial foreign aid. Title: Tanzania Passage: Bernanke explained that between 1996 and 2004, the U.S. current account deficit increased by $650 billion, from 1.5% to 5.8% of GDP. Financing these deficits required the country to borrow large sums from abroad, much of it from countries running trade surpluses. These were mainly the emerging economies in Asia and oil-exporting nations. The balance of payments identity requires that a country (such as the U.S.) running a current account deficit also have a capital account (investment) surplus of the same amount. Hence large and growing amounts of foreign funds (capital) flowed into the U.S. to finance its imports. Title: Still Fighting It Passage: "Still Fighting It" is a song by Ben Folds released in 2002 as the second single from his 2001 album "Rockin' the Suburbs". The song is a bittersweet ode to the pain of adolescence dedicated to his son Louis. He would later write an accompanying song for his daughter Gracie on the 2005 album "Songs for Silverman", and he often performs the two songs together live. The B-sides on the single release of "Still Fighting It" are live versions of "Zak & Sara" from "Rockin' the Suburbs" and "Boxing" from Ben Folds Five's self-titled debut album. Title: Chihuahua (state) Passage: The state has the 12th-largest state economy in Mexico, accounting for 2.7% of the country’s GDP. Chihuahua has the fifth highest manufacturing GDP in Mexico and ranks second for the most factories funded by foreign investment in the country. As of 2011[update], the state had an estimated 396 billion pesos (31.1 billion dollars) of annual GDP. According to official federal statistical studies, the service sector accounted for the largest portion of the state economy at 59.28%; the manufacturing and industrial sector is estimated to account for 34.36% of the state's GDP, with the agricultural sector accounting for 6.36% of the state's GDP. Manufacturing sector was the principal foreign investment in the state followed by the mining sector. In 2011, the state received approximately 884 million dollars in remittances from the United States, which was 4.5% of all remittances from the United States to Mexico. Title: Agriculture in Venezuela Passage: Agriculture in Venezuela has a much smaller share of the economy than in any other Latin American country. After the discovery of oil in Venezuela in the early 20th century to the 1940s, agriculture has declined rapidly, and with the beginning of large-scale industrial development in the 1940s, agriculture and land reform was largely neglected by successive governments (although a 1960 land reform law did see 200,000 families receive land, largely in the early 1960s). Since 1999, under the Bolivarian Revolution of President Hugo Chávez, agriculture has had a somewhat higher priority. Agriculture in Venezuela accounts for approximately 3% of GDP, 10% of the labor force, and at least a quarter of Venezuela's land area. Title: Rest Your Love on Me Passage: ``Rest Your Love on Me ''is a country ballad performed by the Bee Gees written and sung by Barry Gibb. It was the B - side of the US No. 1 hit`` Too Much Heaven''. Title: Economy of India Passage: The economy of India is a developing mixed economy. It is the world's sixth - largest economy by nominal GDP and the third - largest by purchasing power parity (PPP). The country ranks 141st in per capita GDP (nominal) with $1723 and 123rd in per capita GDP (PPP) with $6,616 as of 2016. After 1991 economic liberalisation, India achieved 6 - 7% average GDP growth annually. In FY 2015 and 2017 India's economy became the world's fastest growing major economy surpassing China. Title: Switzerland Passage: The World Economic Forum's Global Competitiveness Report currently ranks Switzerland's economy as the most competitive in the world, while ranked by the European Union as Europe's most innovative country. For much of the 20th century, Switzerland was the wealthiest country in Europe by a considerable margin (by GDP – per capita). In 2007 the gross median household income in Switzerland was an estimated 137,094 USD at Purchasing power parity while the median income was 95,824 USD. Switzerland also has one of the world's largest account balances as a percentage of GDP. Title: History of the petroleum industry in the United States Passage: Petroleum became a major industry following the oil discovery at Oil Creek Pennsylvania in 1859. For much of the 19th and 20th centuries, the US was the largest oil producing country in the world. As of October 2015, the US was the world's third - largest producer of crude oil. Title: Keep Me Rockin' Passage: "Keep Me Rockin'" is a song recorded by Canadian country music artist Patricia Conroy. It was released in 1996 as the fifth single from her third studio album, "You Can't Resist". It peaked at number 3 on the "RPM" Country Tracks chart in March 1996. Title: My Ding-a-Ling Passage: ``My Ding - a-Ling ''Single by Chuck Berry from the album The London Chuck Berry Sessions B - side`` Let's Boogie'' (UK / Germany) ``Johnny B. Goode (Live) ''(most countries) Released July 1972 (1972 - 07) Format 7'' 45 rpm Recorded February 3, 1972 at the Lanchester Arts Festival in Coventry, England Genre Pop rock novelty Length 4: 18 Label Chess 2131 Songwriter (s) Dave Bartholomew Producer (s) Esmond Edwards Chuck Berry singles chronology`` Tulane ''(1970) ``My Ding - a-Ling'' (1972)`` Reelin 'and Rockin' ''(1973) ``Tulane'' (1970)`` My Ding - a-Ling ''(1972) ``Reelin 'and Rockin''' (1973) Title: Republic of the Congo Passage: The economy is a mixture of village agriculture and handicrafts, an industrial sector based largely on petroleum, support services, and a government characterized by budget problems and overstaffing. Petroleum extraction has supplanted forestry as the mainstay of the economy. In 2008, oil sector accounted for 65% of the GDP, 85% of government revenue, and 92% of exports. The country also has large untapped mineral wealth. Title: Rockin' Chair (Gwen McCrae song) Passage: Rockin 'Chair is a 1975 crossover single by Gwen McCrae. The single is not to be confused with Fats Domino's 1951 R&B hit, of the same name or that of Hoagy Carmichael, Rockin' Chair (song). ``Rockin 'Chair ''was McCrae's sole entry into the top 10 on both the soul and pop charts. The single hit number nine on the pop charts, and number one on the soul chart for one week. Title: Patricia Conroy Passage: Patricia Conroy was born on January 30, 1964 in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Conroy was born to musical family which was influenced by her mother's Maritime country background and her father's Irish roots. As a young girl her musical interests led to piano and vocal lessons and performances in a local church and with her family band, the Shamrock Ceili Band. In the late 1980s, Conroy hooked up with local musicians in Vancouver, British Columbia and eventually entered a Battle of the Bands contest. Conroy ultimately won and received $10,000, which gave her the opportunity to record demos of some of her original material. By 1990, Conroy was approached by executives at Warner Music Canada, who signed her a record contract. Title: Agriculture in Vietnam Passage: In 2004, agriculture and forestry accounted for 21.8 percent of Vietnam's gross domestic product (GDP), and between 1994 and 2004, the sector grew at an annual rate of 4.1 percent. Agriculture's share of economic output has declined in recent years, falling as a share of GDP from 42% in 1989 to 26% in 1999, as production in other sectors of the economy has risen. However, agricultural employment was much higher than agriculture’s share of GDP; in 2005, approximately 60 percent of the employed labor force was engaged in agriculture, forestry, and fishing. Agricultural products accounted for 30 percent of exports in 2005. The relaxation of the state monopoly on rice exports transformed the country into the world’s second or third largest rice exporter. Other cash crops are coffee, cotton, peanuts, rubber, sugarcane, and tea. Title: Economy of India Passage: The economy of India is the sixth - largest in the world measured by nominal GDP and the third - largest by purchasing power parity (PPP). The country ranks 141st in per capita GDP (nominal) with $1723 and 123rd in per capita GDP (PPP) with $6,616 as of 2016. After 1991 economic liberalisation, India achieved 6 - 7% average GDP growth annually. In FY 2015 and 2017 India's economy became the world's fastest growing major economy surpassing China. Title: Houston Passage: The Houston–The Woodlands–Sugar Land MSA's gross domestic product (GDP) in 2012 was $489 billion, making it the fourth-largest of any metropolitan area in the United States and larger than Austria's, Venezuela's, or South Africa's GDP. Only 26 countries other than the United States have a gross domestic product exceeding Houston's regional gross area product (GAP). In 2010, mining (which consists almost entirely of exploration and production of oil and gas in Houston) accounted for 26.3% of Houston's GAP up sharply in response to high energy prices and a decreased worldwide surplus of oil production capacity, followed by engineering services, health services, and manufacturing. Title: Dick Clark's New Year's Rockin' Eve Passage: Dick Clark's New Year's Rockin 'Eve Also known as Dick Clark's New Year's Rockin' Eve with Ryan Seacrest, Dick Clark's Primetime New Year's Rockin 'Eve with Ryan Seacrest Created by Dick Clark Presented by Dick Clark Ryan Seacrest Country of origin United States Original language (s) English No. of episodes 46 Production Executive producer (s) Ryan Seacrest Allen Shapiro Mike Mahan Barry Adelman Mark Bracco Producer (s) Larry Klein Location (s) Times Square, New York City, New York (live segments) various locations (pre-recorded concert segments) Camera setup Multi-camera Running time Primetime Part One: 120 minutes (8: 00 -- 10: 00 p.m.) Primetime Part Two: 60 minutes (10: 00 -- 11: 00 p.m.) Part One: 100 minutes (11: 30 p.m. -- 1: 10 a.m.) Part Two: 65 minutes (1: 10 - 2: 15 a.m.) Production company (s) Dick Clark Productions Ryan Seacrest Productions Release Original network NBC (1972 -- 73) ABC (1974 -- present) Picture format 480i (SDTV), 720p (HDTV) Original release December 31, 1972 -- present	[ "Economy of Canada", "Patricia Conroy", "Keep Me Rockin'" ]
As of the 2017 election, who was in charge of the country where the village of Dragovita is located?	Aleksandar Vučić	[]	Title: The Deck of Cards Passage: ``The Deck of Cards ''is a recitation song that was popularized in the fields of both the country and popular music, first during the late 1940s. This song, which relates the tale of a young American soldier arrested and charged with playing cards during a church service, first became a hit in the U.S. in 1948 by country musician T. Texas Tyler. Title: Tuition fees in the United Kingdom Passage: Tuition fees were first introduced across the entire United Kingdom in September 1998 under the Labour government as a means of funding tuition to undergraduate and postgraduate certificate students at universities, with students being required to pay up to £1,000 a year for tuition. However, as a result of the establishment of devolved national administrations for Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland, different arrangements now exist with regard to the charging of tuition fees in each of the countries of the United Kingdom. Title: Crimean War Passage: Cardigan formed up his unit and charged the length of the Valley of the Balaclava, under fire from Russian batteries in the hills. The charge of the Light Brigade caused 278 casualties of the 700-man unit. The Light Brigade was memorialized in the famous poem by Alfred Lord Tennyson, "The Charge of the Light Brigade." Although traditionally the charge of the Light Brigade was looked upon as a glorious but wasted sacrifice of good men and horses, recent historians say that the charge of the Light Brigade did succeed in at least some of its objectives. The aim of any cavalry charge is to scatter the enemy lines and frighten the enemy off the battlefield. The charge of the Light Brigade had so unnerved the Russian cavalry, which had previously been routed by the Heavy Brigade, that the Russian Cavalry was set to full-scale flight by the subsequent charge of the Light Brigade.:252 Title: Tesla, Inc. Passage: The Tesla Roadster (2008) was the first production automobile to use lithium - ion battery cells and the first production EV with a range greater than 200 mi (320 km) per charge. Between 2008 and March 2012, Tesla sold more than 2,250 Roadsters in 31 countries. Tesla stopped taking orders for the Roadster in the U.S. market in August 2011. Title: Serbia Passage: The President of the Republic ("Predsednik Republike") is the head of state, is elected by popular vote to a five-year term and is limited by the Constitution to a maximum of two terms. In addition to being the commander in chief of the armed forces, the president has the procedural duty of appointing the prime minister with the consent of the parliament, and has some influence on foreign policy. Aleksandar Vučić of the Serbian Progressive Party is the current president following the 2017 presidential election. Seat of the presidency is Novi Dvor. Title: United States Postal Service Passage: The official post office was created in 1792 as the Post Office Department (USPOD). It was based on the Constitutional authority empowering Congress ``To establish post offices and post roads ''. The 1792 law provided for a greatly expanded postal network, and served editors by charging newspapers an extremely low rate. The law guaranteed the sanctity of personal correspondence, and provided the entire country with low - cost access to information on public affairs, while establishing a right to personal privacy. Title: Pharmacy Passage: In the United States, there has been a push to legalize importation of medications from Canada and other countries, in order to reduce consumer costs. While in most cases importation of prescription medications violates Food and Drug Administration (FDA) regulations and federal laws, enforcement is generally targeted at international drug suppliers, rather than consumers. There is no known case of any U.S. citizens buying Canadian drugs for personal use with a prescription, who has ever been charged by authorities. Title: Electric charge Passage: Electric charge Electric field of a positive and a negative point charge Common symbols Q SI unit coulomb Other units elementary charge faraday ampere - hour In SI base units C = A s Extensive? yes Conserved? yes Dimension Title: Ministry of Agriculture and Land Reclamation (Egypt) Passage: The Ministry of Agriculture and Land Reclamation of Egypt is a ministerial body in charge of agriculture and land reclamation in Egypt. Title: Pizza delivery Passage: Domino's Pizza is credited with popularizing free pizza delivery in the United States. Pizza Hut began experimenting in 1999 with a 50 - cent delivery charge in ten stores in the Dallas - Fort Worth area. By mid-2001 it was implemented in 95% of its 1,749 company - owned restaurants in the U.S., and in a smaller number of its 5,250 franchisee - owned restaurants. By 2002, a small percentage of stores owned or franchised by U.S. pizza companies Domino's and Papa John's were also charging delivery fees of 50 cents to $1.50, and some of Little Caesar's franchisees charged delivery fees. In 2005, Papa John's implemented delivery charges in the majority of its company - owned stores. Title: Tesla Supercharger Passage: Tesla began building the network in 2012. As of December 2017, there were 1,045 stations globally, with 7,496 chargers. The Supercharger is a proprietary direct current (DC) technology that provides up to 120 kW of power per car (depending on circumstances), giving the 90 kWh Model S an additional 170 miles (270 km) of range in about 30 minutes charge and a full charge in around 75 minutes. A software update provided in 2015 to all Tesla cars uses demand information from each Supercharger station to plan the fastest route, if charging will be necessary to reach the destination. Title: Southern Europe Passage: Italy became a major industrialized country again, due to its post-war economic miracle. The European Union (EU) involved the division of powers, with taxation, health and education handled by the nation states, while the EU had charge of market rules, competition, legal standards and environmentalism. The Soviet economic and political system collapsed, leading to the end of communism in the satellite countries in 1989, and the dissolution of the Soviet Union itself in 1991. As a consequence, Europe's integration deepened, the continent became depolarised, and the European Union expanded to subsequently include many of the formerly communist European countries – Romania and Bulgaria (2007) and Croatia (2013). Title: USB Passage: Two types of charging port exist: the charging downstream port (CDP), supporting data transfers as well, and the dedicated charging port (DCP), without data support. A portable device can recognize the type of USB port; on a dedicated charging port, the D+ and D− pins are shorted with a resistance not exceeding 200 ohms, while charging downstream ports provide additional detection logic so their presence can be determined by attached devices. (see ref pg. 2, Section 1.4.5, & Table 5-3 "Resistances"—pg. 29). Title: USB Passage: The USB Battery Charging Specification Revision 1.1 (released in 2007) defines a new type of USB port, called the charging port. Contrary to the standard downstream port, for which current draw by a connected portable device can exceed 100 mA only after digital negotiation with the host or hub, a charging port can supply currents between 500 mA and 1.5 A without the digital negotiation. A charging port supplies up to 500 mA at 5 V, up to the rated current at 3.6 V or more, and drops its output voltage if the portable device attempts to draw more than the rated current. The charger port may shut down if the load is too high. Title: Mass-to-charge ratio Passage: In the 19th century, the mass - to - charge ratios of some ions were measured by electrochemical methods. In 1897, the mass - to - charge ratio of the electron was first measured by J.J. Thomson. By doing this, he showed that the electron was in fact a particle with a mass and a charge, and that its mass - to - charge ratio was much smaller than that of the hydrogen ion H. In 1898, Wilhelm Wien separated ions (canal rays) according to their mass - to - charge ratio with an ion optical device with superimposed electric and magnetic fields (Wien filter). In 1901 Walter Kaufman measured the increase of electromagnetic mass of fast electrons (Kaufmann -- Bucherer -- Neumann experiments), or relativistic mass increase in modern terms. In 1913, Thomson measured the mass - to - charge ratio of ions with an instrument he called a parabola spectrograph. Today, an instrument that measures the mass - to - charge ratio of charged particles is called a mass spectrometer. Title: Chief of Naval Research Passage: The Chief of Naval Research is the senior military officer in charge of scientific research in the United States Navy. The Chief of Naval Research has a rank of Rear Admiral, and is in charge of the Office of Naval Research. Title: Dragovita Passage: Dragovita is a village in the municipality of Dimitrovgrad, Serbia. According to the 2002 census, the village has a population of 81 people. Title: Ministry of Tourism (India) Passage: The Ministry of Tourism, a branch of the Government of India, is the apex body for formulation and administration of the rules, regulations and laws relating to the development and promotion of tourism in India. The head of the ministry is Minister of Tourism, a Minister of State (Independent Charge), held by Shri. Alphons Kannanthanam Since September 2017. To promote the GDP of the country indirectly and to have friendly relations with them, The Government of India announced officially a Visa on Arrival status / facility for International Visitors to enter / visit India from 43 countries including United States, Australia, Vietnam, Thailand, Vanuatu, Singapore, Israel, Jordan, Kenya, Russian Federation, Brazil, Finland, Germany, Japan, Myanmar on 27 November 2014 and some more countries to follow soon. Title: Electric charge Passage: Charge is the fundamental property of forms of matter that exhibit electrostatic attraction or repulsion in the presence of other matter. Electric charge is a characteristic property of many subatomic particles. The charges of free - standing particles are integer multiples of the elementary charge e; we say that electric charge is quantized. Michael Faraday, in his electrolysis experiments, was the first to note the discrete nature of electric charge. Robert Millikan's oil drop experiment demonstrated this fact directly, and measured the elementary charge. It has been discovered that one type of particle, quarks, have fractional charges of either − 1 / 3 or + 2 / 3, but it is believed they always occur in multiples of integral charge; free - standing quarks have never been observed. Title: Plum pudding model Passage: The plum pudding model is one of several scientific models of the atom. First proposed by J.J. Thomson in 1904 soon after the discovery of the electron, but before the discovery of the atomic nucleus, the model represented an attempt to consolidate the known properties of atoms at the time: 1) electrons are negatively - charged particles and 2) atoms are neutrally - charged.	[ "Dragovita", "Serbia" ]
When did the capital of Virginia move from Robert Banks' birthplace to what became its new capital by 1786?	1779	[]	Title: Ulric Dahlgren Passage: Ulric Dahlgren (April 3, 1842 – March 2, 1864) was a colonel in the Union Army during the American Civil War. In 1864, he led an unsuccessful raid on the Confederate capital of Richmond, Virginia and was killed. The failed raid resulted in the Dahlgren Affair after incriminating documents were discovered on Dahlgren's corpse. Title: Shrewsbury, West Virginia Passage: Shrewsbury is a census-designated place (CDP) in Kanawha County, West Virginia, United States. Shrewsbury is located on the north bank of the Kanawha River along U.S. Route 60. As of the 2010 census, its population was 652. Title: Richmond, Virginia Passage: The site of Richmond had been an important village of the Powhatan Confederacy, and was briefly settled by English colonists from Jamestown in 1609, and in 1610–1611. The present city of Richmond was founded in 1737. It became the capital of the Colony and Dominion of Virginia in 1780. During the Revolutionary War period, several notable events occurred in the city, including Patrick Henry's "Give me liberty or give me death" speech in 1775 at St. John's Church, and the passage of the Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom written by Thomas Jefferson. During the American Civil War, Richmond served as the capital of the Confederate States of America. The city entered the 20th century with one of the world's first successful electric streetcar systems, as well as a national hub of African-American commerce and culture, the Jackson Ward neighborhood. Title: Notes on the State of Virginia Passage: Notes on the State of Virginia (1785) is a book written by Thomas Jefferson. He completed the first version in 1781, and updated and enlarged the book in 1782 and 1783. Notes on the State of Virginia originated in Jefferson's responding to questions about Virginia, posed to him in 1780 by François Barbé - Marbois, then Secretary of the French delegation in Philadelphia, the temporary capital of the United Colonies. Title: Charles R. Hawkins Passage: Charles Robert Hawkins (born October 17, 1943) is a former American politician. A Republican, he most recently served as Chair of the Virginia Tobacco Commission and was also previously a member of the Virginia Senate from 1992 until 2008. Prior to this, he was a member of the Virginia House of Delegates from the 21st District from 1982 until 1991. Title: Capitol (Williamsburg, Virginia) Passage: The Capitol at Williamsburg, Virginia housed the House of Burgesses of the Colony of Virginia from 1705, when the capital was relocated there from Jamestown, until 1779, when the capital was relocated to Richmond. Two capitol buildings served the colony on the same site: the first from 1705 until its destruction by fire in 1747; the second from 1753 to 1779. Title: Paris Passage: In Paris' Roman era, its main cemetery was located to the outskirts of the Left Bank settlement, but this changed with the rise of Catholicism, where most every inner-city church had adjoining burial grounds for use by their parishes. With Paris' growth many of these, particularly the city's largest cemetery, les Innocents, were filled to overflowing, creating quite unsanitary conditions for the capital. When inner-city burials were condemned from 1786, the contents of all Paris' parish cemeteries were transferred to a renovated section of Paris' stone mines outside the "Porte d'Enfer" city gate, today place Denfert-Rochereau in the 14th arrondissement. The process of moving bones from Cimetière des Innocents to the catacombs took place between 1786 and 1814; part of the network of tunnels and remains can be visited today on the official tour of the catacombs. Title: Robert Ridgway (congressman) Passage: Born in Lynchburg, Virginia, Ridgeway attended Emory and Henry College and graduated from the University of Virginia. He studied law and was admitted to the bar, commencing practice in Liberty, Virginia. He was editor of the "Bedford Sentinel" before he moved to Richmond, Virginia in 1853 and became the editor of the "Richmond Whig". At the outbreak of the Civil War, Ridgeway retired to Amherst, Virginia. He was elected a Whig to the United States House of Representatives in 1866, but was not permitted to be seated due to incomplete reconstruction measures. He was later elected a Conservative to the House in 1869, serving from January 1870 until his death on October 16, 1870 in Amherst, Virginia. He was interred in the family cemetery in Amherst. Title: Spanish Town Passage: Spanish Town is the capital and the largest town in the parish of St. Catherine in the historic county of Middlesex, Jamaica. It was the Spanish and British capital of Jamaica from 1534 until 1872. The town is home to numerous memorials, the national archives, and one of the oldest Anglican churches outside England (the others are in Virginia, Maryland and Bermuda). Title: Bob Williams (politician) Passage: Robert 'Bob' Lynn Williams (born September 10, 1951 in Clarksburg, West Virginia) is an American politician and a Democratic member of the West Virginia Senate representing District 14 since January 2009. Title: Washington, D.C. Passage: The signing of the Residence Act on July 16, 1790, approved the creation of a capital district located along the Potomac River on the country's East Coast. The U.S. Constitution provided for a federal district under the exclusive jurisdiction of the Congress and the District is therefore not a part of any state. The states of Maryland and Virginia each donated land to form the federal district, which included the pre-existing settlements of Georgetown and Alexandria. Named in honor of President George Washington, the City of Washington was founded in 1791 to serve as the new national capital. In 1846, Congress returned the land originally ceded by Virginia; in 1871, it created a single municipal government for the remaining portion of the District. Title: Richmond, Virginia Passage: Richmond recovered quickly from the war, and by 1782 was once again a thriving city. In 1786, the Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom (drafted by Thomas Jefferson) was passed at the temporary capitol in Richmond, providing the basis for the separation of church and state, a key element in the development of the freedom of religion in the United States. A permanent home for the new government, the Virginia State Capitol building, was designed by Thomas Jefferson with the assistance of Charles-Louis Clérisseau, and was completed in 1788. Title: The Washington Post Passage: The Washington Post is an American daily newspaper founded on December 6, 1877. It is the largest newspaper published in Washington, D.C., the capital city of the United States, and has a particular emphasis on national politics. Its slogan is ``Democracy Dies in Darkness. ''Daily broadsheet editions are printed for the District of Columbia, Maryland, and Virginia. Title: Bolair, West Virginia Passage: Bolair is a small unincorporated community in Webster County, West Virginia, United States, on West Virginia Route 20. To the east is the smaller town of Jerryville. Both towns are about 75 miles east of the state capital, Charleston. The Gauley River runs through the center of the community. Title: Virginia Passage: The judicial system, also the oldest in America, consists of a hierarchy from the Supreme Court of Virginia and the Court of Appeals of Virginia to the Circuit Courts, the trial courts of general jurisdiction, and the lower General District Courts and Juvenile and Domestic Relations District Courts. The Supreme Court has seven justices who are elected by a majority vote in both the House and Senate, and serve twelve-year terms, with a mandatory retirement age of 73. The Supreme Court selects its own Chief Justice, who is informally limited to two four-year terms.The Code of Virginia is the statutory law, and consists of the codified legislation of the General Assembly. The Virginia State Police is the largest law enforcement agency in Virginia. The Virginia Capitol Police is the oldest police department in the United States. The Virginia National Guard consists of 7,500 soldiers in the Virginia Army National Guard and 1,200 airmen in the Virginia Air National Guard. Since the resumption of capital punishment in Virginia in 1982, 113 people have been executed, the second highest number in the nation, and three inmates are on the state's death row as of 2019. The "total crime risk" is 28% lower than the national average. Since Virginia ended prisoner parole in 1995, the rate of recidivism has fallen to 28.3%, among the lowest nationwide. Virginia is an open-carry state. Title: Virginia in the American Civil War Passage: Most of the battles in the Eastern Theater of the American Civil War took place in Virginia because the Confederacy had to defend its national capital at Richmond, and public opinion in the North demanded that the Union move ``On to Richmond! ''The successes of Robert E. Lee in defending Richmond are a central theme of the military history of the war. The White House of the Confederacy, located a few blocks north of the State Capitol, was home to the family of Confederate leader Jefferson Davis. Title: Carbon Leaf Passage: Carbon Leaf got their start at Randolph-Macon College in Virginia in 1992, practicing in an auditorium on campus. Their next step was playing backyard parties, mixers, fraternity, and sorority parties. Shortly after everyone graduated, they moved to Richmond, Virginia. From Richmond, they played the college circuit in Virginia and up the East Coast before moving on to clubs. Their style is not "Brazilian Polka Metal", despite the joking claims of guitarist Carter Gravatt (B., David. 2002). Title: Robert Banks (American football) Passage: Born in Williamsburg, Virginia, Banks attended Peninsula Catholic High School before transferring to Hampton High School in Hampton, Virginia, to play football. In 1982, the Touchdown Club of Columbus awarded Banks their second annual Sam B. Nicola Trophy, designating him as the National High School Player of the Year. Banks played for University of Notre Dame in the mid-1980s. He was drafted by the Houston Oilers football team in the 7th round (176th overall) of the 1987 NFL Draft. He played off the bench for one year in Houston before moving to the Cleveland Browns, where he started 15 games in 1989. He started 9 of the 15 games he played in 1990, which was his last year in the NFL. Title: Williamsburg, Virginia Passage: Williamsburg was founded in 1632 as Middle Plantation, a fortified settlement on high ground between the James and York rivers. The city served as the capital of the Colony and Commonwealth of Virginia from 1699 to 1780 and was the center of political events in Virginia leading to the American Revolution. The College of William & Mary, established in 1693, is the second - oldest institution of higher education in the United States and the only one of the nine colonial colleges located in the South; its alumni include three U.S. presidents as well as many other important figures in the nation's early history. Title: Julian, West Virginia Passage: Julian is an unincorporated community populated place on West Virginia Route 3 in Boone County, West Virginia, United States. It is just west of U.S. Route 119.	[ "Capitol (Williamsburg, Virginia)", "Richmond, Virginia", "Robert Banks (American football)" ]
Who did Don Arlich's team play in the playoffs?	Red Sox	[]	Title: Stanley Cup Finals Passage: During the Original Six era, the top four teams made the playoffs, with the first and third place teams battling in one semifinal series, while the second and fourth place teams battled in the other. And from 1975 to 1981, all the playoff teams were seeded regardless of division or conference. Since 1982, the NHL's final round has pitted the league's two conference playoff champions. Title: Tuvalu Passage: Football in Tuvalu is played at club and national team level. The Tuvalu national football team trains at the Tuvalu Sports Ground in Funafuti and competes in the Pacific Games. The Tuvalu National Football Association is an associate member of the Oceania Football Confederation (OFC) and is seeking membership in FIFA. The Tuvalu national futsal team participates in the Oceanian Futsal Championship. Title: Houston Astros Passage: The Astros clinched their first division title as a member of the American League West division, and first division title overall since 2001. They also became the first team in Major League history to win three different divisions, the National League West in 1980 and 1986, the National League Central from 1997 -- 1999 and 2001, and now the American League West in 2017. On September 29, the Astros won their 100th game of the season, the second time the Astros finished a season with over 100 wins (the other time was in 1998). They finished 101 -- 61 (with a 21 - game lead in the division), and faced the Red Sox in the second round of the AL playoffs. The Astros defeated the Red Sox three games to one, and advanced to the American League Championship Series against the New York Yankees. The Astros won the ALCS four games to three, and advanced to the World Series to play against the Los Angeles Dodgers. The Astros defeated the Dodgers in the deciding seventh game of the World Series, winning the first championship in franchise history. Title: Nicolas Vallar Passage: Hiro Nicolas Vallar (born 22 October 1983) is a footballer from Papeete, Tahiti currently playing for A.S. Central Sport. He is a member of Tahiti national football team. Title: New York Jets Passage: The team was founded in 1959 as the Titans of New York, an original member of the American Football League (AFL); later, the franchise joined the NFL in the AFL -- NFL merger in 1970. The team began to play in 1960 at the Polo Grounds. Under new ownership, the current name was adopted in 1963 and the franchise moved to Shea Stadium in 1964 and then to the Meadowlands Sports Complex in 1984. The Jets advanced to the playoffs for the first time in 1968 and went on to compete in Super Bowl III where they defeated the Baltimore Colts, becoming the first AFL team to defeat an NFL club in an AFL -- NFL World Championship Game. Since 1968, the Jets have appeared in the playoffs 13 times, and in the AFC Championship Game four times, most recently losing to the Pittsburgh Steelers in 2010. However, the Jets have never returned to the Super Bowl, making them one of three NFL teams to win their lone Super Bowl appearance, along with the New Orleans Saints and Tampa Bay Buccaneers. Apart from the Cleveland Browns and Detroit Lions, who have never reached the Super Bowl (although both won NFL championships prior to 1966), the Jets' drought is the longest among current NFL franchises. Title: Houston Texans Passage: The Houston Texans are a professional American football team based in Houston, Texas. The Texans compete in the National Football League (NFL) as a member club of the American Football Conference (AFC) South division. The club first played in 2002 as an expansion team, which makes them the youngest franchise currently competing in the NFL. The Texans replaced Houston's previous franchise, the Houston Oilers, which moved to Nashville, Tennessee and are now the Tennessee Titans. The team's majority owner is Bob McNair. While the team mainly struggled in the 2000s, they clinched their first playoff berth during the 2011 season as AFC South division champions. The Texans have gone on to win more AFC South championships in 2012, 2015, and 2016. To date, the Texans are the only NFL franchise to have never played in a conference championship game. Title: Florida Panthers Passage: The Florida Panthers are a professional ice hockey team based in the Miami metropolitan area. They are members of the Atlantic Division of the Eastern Conference of the National Hockey League (NHL). The team's local broadcasting rights has been held by Fox Sports Florida (formerly SportsChannel Florida) since 1996. The team initially played their home games at Miami Arena, before moving to the BB&T Center in 1998. Located in Sunrise, Florida, the Panthers are the southernmost team in the NHL. Title: List of first overall National Football League draft picks Passage: This is a list of first overall National Football League draft picks. The National Football League draft is an annual sports draft in which NFL teams select newly eligible players for their rosters. To be eligible, a player must be out of high school at least three years. Each NFL franchise seeks to add new players through the annual NFL draft. The draft rules were last updated in 2009. The team with the worst record the previous year picks first, the next - worst team second, and so on. Teams also have the option to trade with another team to move up to a better draft position. Teams that did not make the playoffs are ordered by their regular - season record, with any remaining ties broken by strength of schedule. Playoff participants are sequenced after non-playoff teams, based on their round of elimination (wild card, division, conference, and Super Bowl). Title: New York Islanders Passage: The team was founded in 1972 as part of the NHL's maneuvers to keep a team from rival league World Hockey Association (WHA) out of the newly built Nassau Veterans Memorial Coliseum in suburban Uniondale, New York. After two years of building up the team's roster, they found almost instant success by securing fourteen straight playoff berths starting with their third season. The Islanders won four consecutive Stanley Cup championships between 1980 and 1983, the seventh of eight dynasties recognized by the NHL in its history. Their 19 consecutive playoff series wins between 1980 and 1984 is a feat that remains unparalleled in the history of professional sports. Title: Don Arlich Passage: Donald Louis "Don" Arlich (born February 15, 1943) is an American retired professional baseball player whose career spanned nine seasons, including parts of two in Major League Baseball with the Houston Astros in 1965 and 1966. During his major league career, Arlich compiled a record of 0–1 with an 8.10 earned run average (ERA) in eight games, one start. He also played in the minor leagues with the Class-A Jacksonville Jets; the Class-B, and later Class-A Durham Bulls; the Double-A San Antonio Bullets; the Double-A Amarillo Sonics; the Triple-A Oklahoma City 89ers; the Double-A Austin Braves; and the Triple-A Richmond Braves. While in the minors, Arlich compiled a record of 45–48 with a 3.86 ERA in 221 games, 107 starts. Title: New York Jets Passage: The team was founded in 1959 as the Titans of New York, an original member of the American Football League (AFL); later, the franchise joined the NFL in the AFL -- NFL merger in 1970. The team began to play in 1960 at the Polo Grounds. Under new ownership, the current name was adopted in 1963 and the franchise moved to Shea Stadium in 1964 and then to the Meadowlands Sports Complex in 1984. The Jets advanced to the playoffs for the first time in 1968 and went on to compete in Super Bowl III where they defeated the Baltimore Colts, becoming the first AFL team to defeat an NFL club in an AFL -- NFL World Championship Game. Since 1968, the Jets have appeared in the playoffs 13 times, and in the AFC Championship Game four times, most recently losing to the Pittsburgh Steelers in 2010. However, the Jets have never returned to the Super Bowl, making them one of three NFL teams to win their lone Super Bowl appearance, along with the New Orleans Saints and Tampa Bay Buccaneers. Apart from the Cleveland Browns and Detroit Lions, who have never reached the Super Bowl, the Jets' drought is the longest among current NFL franchises. Title: 2017–18 NCAA football bowl games Passage: The College Football Playoff system was used to determine a national champion of Division I FBS college football. A 13 - member committee of experts ranked the top 25 teams in the nation after each of the last seven weeks of the 2017 season. The top four teams in the final ranking played a single - elimination semifinal round, with the winners advancing to the National Championship game. Title: Vegas Golden Knights Passage: The Vegas Golden Knights are a professional ice hockey team based in the Las Vegas metropolitan area. The team began play in the 2017 -- 18 NHL season, and is a member of the Pacific Division of the Western Conference of the National Hockey League (NHL). The team is owned by Black Knight Sports & Entertainment, a consortium led by Bill Foley, and plays its home games at T - Mobile Arena on the Las Vegas Strip in Paradise, Nevada. Title: List of New York Giants seasons Passage: The New York Giants are an American football team based in East Rutherford, New Jersey. They are a member of the National Football League (NFL) and play in the NFL's National Football Conference (NFC) East division. In 93 completed seasons, the franchise has won eight NFL championships, including four Super Bowl victories. The Giants have won more than 600 games and appeared in the NFL playoffs 32 times. Though the Giants play home games in East Rutherford, they draw fans from throughout the New York metropolitan area. In 2010, the team began playing in MetLife Stadium, formerly New Meadowlands Stadium. Title: Stanley Cup playoffs Passage: Stanley Cup playoffs Current season, competition or edition: 2018 Stanley Cup playoffs Sport Hockey Founded 1927 No. of teams 16 Most recent champion (s) Pittsburgh Penguins (5) Most titles Montreal Canadiens (24) TV partner (s) Canada Sportsnet / TVA Sports United States NBC / NHL Network / Univision Official website Stanley Cup Playofffs Title: Playoff format Passage: The first use of the best - of - three playoff was in Major League Baseball; the National League authorised such a playoff to be held if two teams ended the season in a tie for first place; the American League used a single game in this situation. Since 1969 both leagues have used only a one - game playoff for all playoff positions which are tied if only one team can advance to the playoffs. Since 1995, a tie - breaker based on season performance can be used only to seed teams. Title: NBA playoffs Passage: Finally in 1984, the tournament expanded to its present 16 - team, four - round knockout, and the now - complete set of first - round series were expanded to a best - of - five. In 2003 the first round was changed to also be best - of - seven. (Thus all playoff teams from 2003 to present, same as the two Division champions in 1947 and 1948, continue to play at the close of the regular season without idle team (``bye '') and may be certain of four playoff games including two at home.) Title: New York Jets Passage: The team was founded in 1959 as the Titans of New York, an original member of the American Football League (AFL); later, the franchise joined the NFL in the AFL -- NFL merger in 1970. The team began to play in 1960 at the Polo Grounds. Under new ownership, the current name was adopted in 1963 and the franchise moved to Shea Stadium in 1964 and then to the Meadowlands Sports Complex in 1984. The Jets advanced to the playoffs for the first time in 1968 and went on to compete in Super Bowl III where they defeated the Baltimore Colts, becoming the first AFL team to defeat an NFL club in an AFL -- NFL World Championship Game. Since 1968, the Jets have appeared in the playoffs 13 times, and in the AFC Championship Game four times, most recently losing to the Pittsburgh Steelers in 2010. However, the Jets have never returned to the Super Bowl, making them one of three NFL teams to win their lone Super Bowl appearance, along with the New Orleans Saints and Tampa Bay Buccaneers. Title: NBA playoffs Passage: 1947: The playoffs were instituted with a three - stage tournament, similar to the Stanley Cup playoffs of the 1930s; the two first - place teams qualified directly to one semifinal where they played each other in a best - of - 7 series. Teams finishing second & third qualified for the best - of - 3 quarterfinals, where the two second - placed teams were paired in one quarterfinal, as were the two third - placed teams, and the two quarterfinal winners played each other in a best - of - three semifinal. The two semifinal winners played each other in the Basketball Association of America (BAA) best - of - 7 final series. Title: Major League Baseball wild card Passage: From 1969 through 1993, division leaders in each league advanced to the League Championship Series, with the winners of each LCS meeting in the World Series. However, an expanding number of teams over the years made making the playoffs increasingly difficult. The new system was instituted in 1994 (but first used in 1995 because a players strike canceled the 1994 playoffs) when Major League Baseball expanded from two to three divisions per league. In the new three - division leagues, each league had four teams in the playoffs. In addition to the three division winners, a wild - card team made the playoffs as the fourth seed. This was the team with the most wins amongst non-division winners. The wild - card matchup was played in the first round between the League leader in wins and the wild - card team, unless both teams were in the same division, which resulted in the wild card facing the second - best division winner in the league.	[ "Houston Astros", "Don Arlich" ]
What is the record label of the performer who released Around the World?	RCA Records	[ "RCA" ]	Title: Easterly Winds Passage: Easterly Winds is an album by American jazz pianist Jack Wilson featuring performances recorded and released on the Blue Note label in 1967. Title: The Opening (album) Passage: The Opening is a live album by American jazz pianist Mal Waldron featuring a performance recorded in Paris in 1970 and released on the French Futura label. Title: African Venus Passage: African Venus is an album by American jazz saxophonist Dewey Redman featuring performances recorded in 1992 and released on the Evidence label. Title: VHF Records Passage: VHF Records is an American record label, known for their extensive work with several major experimental artists. The label is based in the Washington, DC suburb of Fairfax, Va., and it initially focused on indie and experimental bands from that region. The label has since branched out to release innovative and offbeat music from around the world, although Northern Virginia artists are still prominently featured in the catalog. Title: Straight No Filter Passage: Straight No Filter is an album by jazz saxophonist Hank Mobley, recorded mostly in 1963 but not released on the Blue Note label until 1985. The albums compiles performances recorded at four different sessions from 1963 to 1966. Title: Benson & Farrell Passage: Benson & Farrell is the fourteenth album by American guitarist George Benson and jazz saxophonist and flutist Joe Farrell featuring performances recorded in 1976 and released on the CTI label. Title: Top and Bottom Brass Passage: Top and Bottom Brass is an album by trumpeter Clark Terry featuring performances recorded in early 1959 and originally released on the Riverside label. Title: Lotus (Christina Aguilera album) Passage: Lotus is the seventh studio album by American singer and songwriter Christina Aguilera. RCA Records released the album on November 9, 2012. Its music incorporates pop styles with elements of dance-pop, rock in the form of upbeat songs and piano-driven ballads. Aguilera described the album as a "rebirth", drawing inspiration from events in her life, her appearance on "The Voice", and her divorce. The album was recorded at Aguilera's home studio. As executive producer, she collaborated with a wide range of producers, including new partners Alex da Kid, Max Martin, Lucas Secon and Tracklacers. Title: Fly with the Wind Passage: Fly with the Wind is a 1976 album by jazz pianist McCoy Tyner, his ninth to be released on the Milestone label. It was recorded in January 1976 and features performances by Tyner with band and string section. Title: Harold Hagopian Passage: Harold G. Hagopian is an American violinist, entrepreneur, record producer and founder of Traditional Crossroads world music record label in 1993. Title: Collaboration (Modern Jazz Quartet and Laurindo Almeida album) Passage: Collaboration is an album by American jazz group the Modern Jazz Quartet with Brazilian guitarist Laurindo Almeida featuring performances recorded at Webster Hall in 1964 and released on the Atlantic label. Title: Groovin' High (Booker Ervin album) Passage: Groovin' High is an album by American jazz saxophonist Booker Ervin featuring performances recorded in 1963 and 1964 for the Prestige label. Title: Antoine Marchand Passage: Antoine Marchand is a record label established in 2003 by the Dutch early music performer Ton Koopman. Antoine Marchand is the French translation of Ton Koopman. The label is distributed by Dutch Jazz and classics distributor Challenge. Title: Carryin' On Passage: Carryin' On is an album by American jazz guitarist Grant Green featuring performances recorded in 1969 and released on the Blue Note label. The album marked Green's return to the Blue Note label and embracing a jazz-funk style that he would play for the rest of his life. Title: The Voice That Is! Passage: The Voice That Is! is an album by American jazz vocalist Johnny Hartman featuring performances recorded in 1964 for the Impulse! label. Title: Jamal Plays Jamal Passage: Jamal Plays Jamal is an album by American jazz pianist Ahmad Jamal featuring performances recorded in 1974 and released on the 20th Century label. Title: Bach to the Blues Passage: Bach to the Blues is an album performed by the Ramsey Lewis Trio that was recorded in 1964 and released on the Argo label. Title: Work Time Passage: Work Time is an album by jazz saxophonist Sonny Rollins, recorded for the Prestige label, featuring performances by Rollins with Ray Bryant, George Morrow, and Max Roach. Title: Around the World (Christina Aguilera song) Passage: "Around the World" is a song by American recording artist Christina Aguilera from her seventh studio album, "Lotus" (2012). It was written by Aguilera and Ali Tamposi and was co-written and produced by Supa Dups and Jason Gilbert. The song is an uptempo pop track, with crashing drums and a thumping bassline. The song is about how Aguilera wants to make love in different countries around the world with her lover. It also refers to her 2001 single "Lady Marmalade", where she whispers the lyrics "Voulez-vous coucher avec moi, se soir?". "Around the World" received mixed reviews from music critics; some thought it was fun, while others felt it was faceless. Upon the release of "Lotus", the song debuted and peaked at number 158 on the South Korean International singles chart. Title: Matador (Kenny Dorham album) Passage: Matador is an album by American jazz trumpeter Kenny Dorham featuring performances recorded in 1962 and released on the United Artists label.	[ "Lotus (Christina Aguilera album)", "Around the World (Christina Aguilera song)" ]
What percentage of voters voted against secession in the February 1861 referendum in the state where Jonathan Reid's birthplace is the capital?	54	[]	Title: Puerto Rico Passage: Puerto Ricans are by law citizens of the United States and may move freely between the island and the mainland. As it is not a state, Puerto Rico does not have a vote in the United States Congress, which governs the territory with full jurisdiction under the Puerto Rico Federal Relations Act of 1950. However, Puerto Rico does have one non-voting member of the House called a Resident Commissioner. As residents of a U.S. territory, American citizens in Puerto Rico are disenfranchised at the national level and do not vote for president and vice president of the United States, and do not pay federal income tax on Puerto Rican income. Like other territories and the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico does not have U.S. senators. Congress approved a local constitution in 1952, allowing U.S. citizens on the territory to elect a governor. A 2012 referendum showed a majority (54% of those who voted) disagreed with ``the present form of territorial status ''. A second question asking about a new model, had full statehood the preferred option among those who voted for a change of status, although a significant number of people did not answer the second question of the referendum. A fifth referendum was held on June 11, 2017, with`` Statehood'' and ``Independence / Free Association ''initially as the only available choices. At the recommendation of the Department of Justice, an option for the`` current territorial status'' was added. The referendum showed an overwhelming support for statehood, with 97.18% voting for it, although the voter turnout had a historically low figure of only 22.99% of the registered voters casting their ballots. Title: Jonathan-Simon Sellem Passage: In January 2014, he was elected as one of the 11 representatives of the French in Israel and in Palestinian territories, in the advisory "". In the election organized by the Embassy of France, more than 60,000 voters were asked to vote (representing 150,000 French living in Israel and in Palestinian territories). For this election, Jonathan-Simon Sellem was the head of the UMP-UDI list (right, center-right), which gained 1528 votes, 50.38%. Title: John Quincy Marr Passage: John Quincy Marr (May 27, 1825 – June 1, 1861) was a Virginia militia company captain and the first Confederate soldier killed by a Union soldier in combat during the American Civil War. Marr was killed at the Battle of Fairfax Court House, Virginia on June 1, 1861. Previously one of Fauquier County's two delegates to the Virginia Secession Convention of 1861, Marr initially opposed his state's secession from the Union but ultimately supported secession, as did voters shortly before his fatal skirmish. Title: Virginia in the American Civil War Passage: The Commonwealth of Virginia was a prominent part of the Confederate States during the American Civil War. As a slave - holding state, it held a state convention to deal with the secession crisis, and voted against secession on 4 April 1861. Opinion shifted after 15 April, when U.S. President Abraham Lincoln called for troops from all states still in the Union to put down the rebellion, following the capture of Fort Sumter, and the Virginia convention voted to declare secession from the Union. (In the Western counties, where there was little slavery, pro-Union sentiment remained strong, and they presently seceded from Virginia as a separate Union state, West Virginia.) Title: 2016 United States presidential election in New Hampshire Passage: The 2016 United States presidential election in New Hampshire was won by Hillary Clinton by a 0.3 percentage point margin, on November 8, 2016, as part of the 2016 General Election. New Hampshire voters chose electors to represent them in the Electoral College by a popular vote. Title: Egypt Passage: On 18 January 2014, the interim government instituted a new constitution following a referendum in which 98.1% of voters were supportive. Participation was low with only 38.6% of registered voters participating although this was higher than the 33% who voted in a referendum during Morsi's tenure. On 26 March 2014 Abdel Fattah el-Sisi the head of the Egyptian Armed Forces, who at this time was in control of the country, resigned from the military, announcing he would stand as a candidate in the 2014 presidential election. The poll, held between 26 and 28 May 2014, resulted in a landslide victory for el-Sisi. Sisi was sworn into office as President of Egypt on 8 June 2014. The Muslim Brotherhood and some liberal and secular activist groups boycotted the vote. Even though the military-backed authorities extended voting to a third day, the 46% turnout was lower than the 52% turnout in the 2012 election. Title: 2016 United States presidential election in New Hampshire Passage: The 2016 United States presidential election in New Hampshire was won with a plurality by Hillary Clinton and an 0.4% margin, the second closest percentage behind Michigan, on November 8, 2016, as part of the 2016 General Election. New Hampshire voters chose electors to represent them in the Electoral College by a popular vote. Title: 2014 Scottish independence referendum Passage: According to the Scottish government's consultation paper published on 25 February 2010, the cost of the referendum was ``likely to be around £9.5 million '', mostly spent on running the poll and the count. Costs would also include the posting of one neutral information leaflet about the referendum to every Scottish household, and one free mailshot to every household or voter in the poll for the designated campaign organisations. In April 2013, the projected cost of the referendum was £13.3 million; the final administrative cost was £15.85 million. Title: Results of the 2016 United Kingdom European Union membership referendum Passage: United Kingdom European Union membership referendum, 2016 Northern Ireland Choice Votes% Remain a member of the European Union 440,707 55.78% Leave the European Union 349,442 44.22% Valid votes 790,149 99.95% Invalid or blank votes 374 0.05% Total votes 790,523 100.00% Registered voters and turnout 1,260,955 62.69% Source: Electoral Commission Title: Secession in the United States Passage: The most serious attempt at secession was advanced in the years 1860 and 1861 as eleven southern States each declared secession from the United States, and joined together to form the Confederate States of America. This movement collapsed in 1865 with the defeat of Confederate forces by Union armies in the American Civil War. Title: 1993 Russian constitutional crisis Passage: The referendum would go ahead, but since the impeachment vote failed, the Congress of People's Deputies sought to set new terms for a popular referendum. The legislature's version of the referendum asked whether citizens had confidence in Yeltsin, approved of his reforms, and supported early presidential and legislative elections. The parliament voted that in order to win, the president would need to obtain 50 percent of the whole electorate, rather than 50 percent of those actually voting, to avoid an early presidential election. Title: 1969 South Korean constitutional referendum Passage: A constitutional referendum was held in South Korea on 17 October 1969. The changes to the constitution were approved by 67.5% of voters, with a turnout of 77.1%. Title: 51st state Passage: In November 2012, a referendum resulted in 54 percent of respondents voting to reject the current status under the territorial clause of the U.S. Constitution, while a second question resulted in 61 percent of voters identifying statehood as the preferred alternative to the current territorial status. The 2012 referendum was by far the most successful referendum for statehood advocates and support for statehood has risen in each successive popular referendum. However, more than one in four voters abstained from answering the question on the preferred alternative status. Statehood opponents have argued that the statehood option garnered only 45 percent of the votes if abstentions are included. If abstentions are considered, the result of the referendum is much closer to 44 percent for statehood, a number that falls under the 50 percent majority mark. Title: Women's suffrage in Switzerland Passage: Women in Switzerland gained the right to vote in federal elections after a referendum in February 1971. In 1991 following a decision by the Federal Supreme Court of Switzerland, Appenzell Innerrhoden became the last Swiss canton to grant women the vote on local issues. Title: Jonathan Reid Passage: Jonathan Douglass Reid (born October 24, 1972, Nashville, U.S.) is a professional boxer. He is a single parent and has five children. Title: Republic of the Congo Passage: On March 27, 2015 Sassou Nguesso announced that his government would hold a referendum to change the country's 2002 constitution and allow him to run for a third consecutive term in office. On October 25 the government held a referendum to allow Sassou Nguesso to run in the next election. The government claimed that the proposal as approved by 92 percent of voters with 72 percent of eligible voters participating. The opposition, who had boycotted the referendum claimed that the government's statistics were false and that the vote was a sham. Title: Nigeria Passage: Goodluck Jonathan served as Nigeria's president till 16 April 2011, when a new presidential election in Nigeria was conducted. Jonathan of the PDP was declared the winner on 19 April 2011, having won the election with a total of 22,495,187 of the 39,469,484 votes cast, to stand ahead of Muhammadu Buhari from the main opposition party, the Congress for Progressive Change (CPC), which won 12,214,853 of the total votes cast. The international media reported the elections as having run smoothly with relatively little violence or voter fraud, in contrast to previous elections. Title: Tennessee Passage: In February 1861, secessionists in Tennessee's state government—led by Governor Isham Harris—sought voter approval for a convention to sever ties with the United States, but Tennessee voters rejected the referendum by a 54–46% margin. The strongest opposition to secession came from East Tennessee (which later tried to form a separate Union-aligned state). Following the Confederate attack upon Fort Sumter in April and Lincoln's call for troops from Tennessee and other states in response, Governor Isham Harris began military mobilization, submitted an ordinance of secession to the General Assembly, and made direct overtures to the Confederate government. The Tennessee legislature ratified an agreement to enter a military league with the Confederate States on May 7, 1861. On June 8, 1861, with people in Middle Tennessee having significantly changed their position, voters approved a second referendum calling for secession, becoming the last state to do so. Title: 51st state Passage: The Washington Post, The New York Times and the Boston Herald have published opinion pieces expressing support for the statehood of Puerto Rico. On November 8, 2012, Washington, D.C. newspaper The Hill published an article saying that Congress will likely ignore the results of the referendum due to the circumstances behind the votes. and U.S. Congressman Luis Gutiérrez U.S. Congresswoman Nydia Velázquez, both of Puerto Rican ancestry, agreed with the The Hill 's statements. Shortly after the results were published Puerto Rico-born U.S. Congressman José Enrique Serrano commented "I was particularly impressed with the outcome of the 'status' referendum in Puerto Rico. A majority of those voting signaled the desire to change the current territorial status. In a second question an even larger majority asked to become a state. This is an earthquake in Puerto Rican politics. It will demand the attention of Congress, and a definitive answer to the Puerto Rican request for change. This is a history-making moment where voters asked to move forward." Title: William R. Snodgrass Tennessee Tower Passage: The William R. Snodgrass Tennessee Tower (also known as the Tennessee Tower) is a skyscraper in downtown Nashville, Tennessee, that houses Tennessee government offices. The tower was built for the National Life and Accident Insurance Company and served as its National Life Center until the State of Tennessee acquired it on January 3, 1994. More than 1,000 state employees who had been assigned to numerous locations now work in the building.	[ "Tennessee", "William R. Snodgrass Tennessee Tower", "Jonathan Reid" ]
Where is Doure located in the country where Oursi Department is located?	Zimtenga Department	[]	Title: Cuscatlán Department Passage: Cuscatlán is a department of El Salvador, located in the center of the country. With a surface area of , it is El Salvador's smallest department. It is inhabited by over 252,000 people. Cuscatlán or Cuzcatlán was the name the original inhabitants of the Western part of the country gave to most of the territory that is now El Salvador. In their language it means "land of precious jewels". It was created on 22 May 1835. Suchitoto was the first capital of the department but on 12 November 1861, Cojutepeque was made the capital. It is known in producing fruits, tobacco, sugar cane, and coffee among other items. The department is famous for its chorizos from the city of Cojutepeque. Title: Arrondissement of Mechelen Passage: The Arrondissement of Mechelen (; ) is one of the three administrative arrondissements in the Province of Antwerp, Belgium. It is both an administrative and a judicial arrondissement, as the territory for both coincides. Title: Ap Lo Chun Passage: Ap Lo Chun () is a small island in the New Territories of Hong Kong. It is located in Ap Chau Bay () between Ap Chau in the east and Sai Ap Chau in the west, with the islet of Ap Tan Pai nearby in the northeast. It is under the administration of North District. Title: Douré, Zorgho Passage: Douré, Zorgho is a village in the Zorgho Department of Ganzourgou Province in central Burkina Faso. The village has a population of 843. Title: United States Department of the Interior Passage: The United States Department of the Interior (DOI) is the United States federal executive department of the U.S. government responsible for the management and conservation of most federal lands and natural resources, and the administration of programs relating to Native Americans, Alaska Natives, Native Hawaiians, territorial affairs, and insular areas of the United States. About 75% of federal public land is managed by the department, with most of the remainder managed by the United States Department of Agriculture's United States Forest Service. Title: Orinoco Department Passage: Orinoco Department was one of the departments of Gran Colombia created in 1824. Its territory was split from the Venezuela Department. Title: Alice Springs Correctional Centre Passage: The Alice Springs Correctional Centre, an Australian medium to maximum security prison for males and females, is located outside Alice Springs, Northern Territory, Australia. The centre is managed by Northern Territory Correctional Services, an agency of the Department of Justice of the Government of the Northern Territory. The centre detains sentenced and charged felons under Northern Territory and/or Commonwealth law. Title: Paea Passage: Paea is a commune in the suburbs of Papeete in French Polynesia, an overseas territory of France in the southern Pacific Ocean. Paea is located on the island of Tahiti, in the administrative subdivision of the Windward Islands, themselves part of the Society Islands. At the 2017 census it had a population of 13,021. Title: Territory of Papua Passage: In 1949, the Territory and the Territory of New Guinea were established in an administrative union by the name of the Territory of Papua and New Guinea. That administrative union was renamed as Papua New Guinea in 1971. Notwithstanding that it was part of an administrative union, the Territory of Papua at all times retained a distinct legal status and identity; it was a Possession of the Crown whereas the Territory of New Guinea was initially a League of Nations mandate territory and subsequently a United Nations trust territory. This important legal and political distinction remained until the advent of the Independent State of Papua New Guinea in 1975. Title: Bogotá Passage: Bogotá (/ ˈboʊɡətɑː /, / ˌbɒɡəˈtɑː /, / ˌboʊ - /; Spanish pronunciation: (boɣoˈta) (listen)), officially Bogotá, Distrito Capital, abbreviated Bogotá, D.C., and formerly known as Santafé de Bogotá between 1991 and 2000, is the capital and largest city of Colombia, administered as the Capital District, although often thought of as part of Cundinamarca. Bogotá is a territorial entity of the first order, with the same administrative status as the departments of Colombia. It is the political, economic, administrative, industrial, artistic, cultural, and sports center of the country. Title: Khabarovsky District Passage: Khabarovsky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the seventeen in Khabarovsk Krai, Russia. It consists of two unconnected segments separated by the territory of Amursky District, which are located in the southwest of the krai. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Khabarovsk (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population: Title: Zec Bras-Coupé–Désert Passage: The ZEC Bras-Coupé-Desert is a "zone d'exploitation contrôlée" (controlled harvesting zone) (ZEC), located in the unorganized territory of Lac-Pythonga in La Vallée-de-la-Gatineau Regional County Municipality, in the administrative region of Outaouais, in Quebec, in Canada. Title: Department of California Passage: The Department of California was one of two Army Departments created September 13, 1858, replacing the original Department of the Pacific and was composed of the territory of the United States lying west of the Rocky Mountains and south of Oregon and Washington territories, except the Rogue River and Umpqua Districts of southwestern Oregon Territory, which were assigned to the Department of California and excluding the Utah Territory east of the 117th meridian west and New Mexico Territory east of the 110th meridian west. Its creation was authorized by General Orders, No. 10, of the War Department, Adjutant-General's Office, September 13, 1858. Headquarters as before remained at San Francisco. Title: Vilnius County Passage: Vilnius County () is the largest of the 10 counties of Lithuania, located in the east of the country around the city Vilnius. On 1 July 2010, the county administration was abolished, and since that date, Vilnius County remains as the territorial and statistical unit. Title: States of Germany Passage: Local associations of a special kind are an amalgamation of one or more Landkreise with one or more Kreisfreie Städte to form a replacement of the aforementioned administrative entities at the district level. They are intended to implement simplification of administration at that level. Typically, a district-free city or town and its urban hinterland are grouped into such an association, or Kommunalverband besonderer Art. Such an organization requires the issuing of special laws by the governing state, since they are not covered by the normal administrative structure of the respective states. Title: Oursi Department Passage: Markoye is a department or commune of Oudalan Province in northern Burkina Faso. Its capital lies at the town of Markoye. Title: Douré, Doulougou Passage: Douré, Doulougou is a village in the Doulougou Department of Bazèga Province in central Burkina Faso. The village has a population of 658. Title: Foreign direct investment Passage: A foreign direct investment (FDI) is an investment in the form of a controlling ownership in a business in one country by an entity based in another country. It is thus distinguished from a foreign portfolio investment by a notion of direct control. Title: Biysky District Passage: Biysky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-nine in Altai Krai, Russia. It is located in the east of the krai and borders with Zonalny, Tselinny, Soltonsky, Krasnogorsky, Sovetsky, and Smolensky Districts, as well as with the territory of the City of Biysk. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Biysk (which is not administratively a part of the district). District's population: Title: Douré, Burkina Faso Passage: Douré, Burkina Faso is a village in the Zimtenga Department of Bam Province in northern-central Burkina Faso. It has a population of 466.	[ "Oursi Department", "Douré, Burkina Faso" ]
What was the episode of Doctor Who featuring an actor playing the part of the painter of Marshy Landscape?	``Vincent and the Doctor ''	[ "Vincent and the Doctor" ]	Title: Coon vs. Coon and Friends Passage: "Coon vs. Coon and Friends" is the thirteenth episode of the fourteenth season and the 208th overall episode of Comedy Central's series "South Park". It originally aired on November 10, 2010; and was written and directed by series co-creator Trey Parker. Title: Rescue Robots Passage: Rescue Robots is a British game show, produced by Mentorn (the creators of Robot Wars and Techno Games) and shown on ITV in 2003, presented by Anna Williamson. One series of 15 episodes was produced but only 7 episodes were aired. Title: Faith Hilling Passage: "Faith Hilling" is the third episode of the sixteenth season of the American animated television series "South Park", and the 226th episode overall. The episode was written by series co-creator Trey Parker and is rated TV-MA L in the United States. It premiered on Comedy Central in the United States on March 28, 2012. Title: Dynamic Duets Passage: "Dynamic Duets" is the seventh episode of the fourth season of the American musical television series "Glee", and the seventy-third episode overall. Written and directed by series co-creator Ian Brennan, it aired on Fox in the United States on November 22, 2012. Title: Open House (American Horror Story) Passage: "Open House" is the seventh episode of the of the television series "American Horror Story", which premiered on the network FX on November 16, 2011. The episode was written by co-creator and executive producer Brad Falchuk and was directed by Tim Hunter. This episode is rated TV-MA (LSV). Title: Flight (Grey's Anatomy) Passage: ``Flight ''is the twenty - fourth and final episode of the eighth season of the American television medical drama Grey's Anatomy, and the show's 172nd episode overall. It was written by series creator Shonda Rhimes, and directed by Rob Corn. The episode was originally broadcast on the American Broadcasting Company (ABC) in the United States on May 17, 2012. In the episode, six doctors from Seattle Grace Mercy West Hospital who are victims of an aviation accident fight to stay alive, but Dr. Lexie Grey (Chyler Leigh) ultimately dies. Other storylines occur in Seattle where Dr. Richard Webber (James Pickens, Jr.) plans his annual dinner for the departing residents, Dr. Owen Hunt (Kevin McKidd) fires Dr. Teddy Altman (Kim Raver), and Dr. Miranda Bailey (Chandra Wilson) gets engaged. Title: Vincent and the Doctor Passage: ``Vincent and the Doctor ''is the tenth episode in the fifth series of British science fiction television series Doctor Who, first broadcast on BBC One on 5 June 2010. It was written by Richard Curtis and directed by Jonny Campbell and featured an uncredited guest appearance from actor Bill Nighy. Title: The Debarted (Gossip Girl) Passage: "The Debarted" is the 55th episode of the CW television series, "Gossip Girl". It was also the twelfth episode of the show's third season. The episode was written by executive producer and one of the series' creator Stephanie Savage and directed by Jason Ensler. It originally aired on Monday, December 7, 2009 on the CW. Title: Nobody Knows the Trubel I've Seen Passage: "Nobody Knows the Trubel I've Seen" is the 19th episode of season 3 of the supernatural drama television series "Grimm" and the 62nd episode overall, which premiered on April 25, 2014, on the cable network NBC. The episode was written by series creators David Greenwalt and Jim Kouf, and was directed by Norberto Barba. Title: The Beta Test Initiation Passage: The story and concept of the episode was written by series co-creator Chuck Lorre and writers Steven Molaro and Eric Kaplan. The teleplay was written by co-creator Bill Prady, and writers Dave Goetsch and Maria Ferrari. "The Beta Test Initiation" was directed by Mark Cendrowski. The episode received positive reviews from television critics who described the episode as funny and one of the better episodes. "The Beta Test Initiation" garnered 15.96 million viewers in the United States and a rating of 5.4 in the 18–49 demographic, according to Nielsen ratings. Title: Marshy Landscape Passage: Marshy Landscape is an oil painting created in 1883 by Vincent van Gogh. From 1883-85, van Gogh lived in Drenthe, a remote district of the Netherlands, flat and riven with canals, a landscape of marsh and mist. Throughout 1883, the artist worked on his series of peasants' cottages, exploring the local terrain of marshes and peat fields, ditches and canals. Like much of his work of this period, "Marshy Landscape" is rendered with subdued earthy tones, giving the impression of being painted with the very soil itself. Alone in the wilderness, Vincent drew upon the power of nature, the stillness and silence of the marshes inspiring him. He wrote to his brother Theo: Title: France Five Passage: There have been four half-hour episodes of "France Five" produced. The fifth episode aired on May 5, 2012 during a projection in Paris, and will premiere in June for Japan and the French television, Nolife, created by the creators of France Five. The episode includes a preview of the sixth and final episode. Title: Mars vs. Mars Passage: "Mars vs. Mars" is the fourteenth episode of the first season of the American mystery television series "Veronica Mars". The episode's teleplay was written by Jed Seidel and Diane Ruggiero, from a story by series creator Rob Thomas, and was directed by Marcos Siega. The episode premiered on UPN on February 15, 2005. Title: Donut Run Passage: "Donut Run" is the eleventh episode of the second season of the American mystery television series "Veronica Mars", and the thirty-third episode overall. Written and directed by series creator Rob Thomas, "Donut Run" premiered on January 25, 2006 on UPN. Title: Twice Upon a Time (Doctor Who) Passage: 276 -- ``Twice Upon a Time ''Doctor Who episode Promotional image for the episode Cast Doctors Peter Capaldi (Twelfth Doctor) David Bradley (First Doctor) Jodie Whittaker (Thirteenth Doctor) Companion Pearl Mackie (Bill Potts) Others Mark Gatiss -- The Captain Jenna Coleman -- Clara Matt Lucas -- Nardole Nikki Amuka - Bird -- Helen Clay Toby Whithouse -- German Soldier Lily Travers -- Polly Jared Garfield -- Ben Jackson Nicholas Briggs -- Voice of the Daleks Production Directed by Rachel Talalay Written by Steven Moffat Produced by Peter Bennett Executive producer (s) Steven Moffat Brian Minchin Incidental music composer Murray Gold Length 60 minutes Originally broadcast 25 December 2017 Chronology ← Preceded by Followed by →`` The Doctor Falls'' -- Doctor Who episodes (1963 -- 1989) Doctor Who episodes (2005 -- present) Title: The Origins of Monstrosity Passage: "The Origins of Monstrosity" is the sixth episode of the of the FX anthology television series "American Horror Story". The episode, written by series co-creator Ryan Murphy and directed by David Semel, aired on November 21, 2012. This episode is rated TV-MA (LSV). Title: Business School (The Office) Passage: ``Business School ''is the seventeenth episode of the third season of the American comedy television series The Office, and the show's forty - fifth episode overall. Written by Brent Forrester, and directed by Buffy the Vampire Slayer and Firefly creator Joss Whedon, the episode aired on NBC on February 15, 2007. Title: Rubber Man Passage: "Rubber Man" is the eighth episode of the of the television series "American Horror Story", which premiered on the network FX on November 23, 2011. The episode was written by co-creator and executive producer Ryan Murphy and was directed by Miguel Arteta. This episode is rated TV-MA (LSV). Title: The Mark of the Berserker Passage: The Mark of the Berserker is a story of "The Sarah Jane Adventures" which was broadcast on CBBC on 3 and 10 November 2008. It is the fourth serial of the second series. Due to Elisabeth Sladen's commitments elsewhere, main character Sarah Jane has a minor role in this serial, making the episodes similar to the 'Doctor-lite' episodes of Doctor Who ("Love & Monsters", "Blink", "Turn Left" and "The Girl Who Waited") which do not feature The Doctor heavily, as well as the "Torchwood" episode "Random Shoes", which had minor roles for most of the main cast. Title: Tombolo, Veneto Passage: Tombolo borders the following municipalities: Cittadella, Galliera Veneta, San Giorgio in Bosco, San Martino di Lupari, Villa del Conte. Its "frazione" of Onara was the seat of the Ezzelini family of Italian medieval lords until 1199; it is also home to a marshy landscape now preserved by a regional park.	[ "Marshy Landscape", "Vincent and the Doctor" ]
Who wrote the theme song whose title says it's Out of the continent the Rugops hail from?	John Barry Prendergast	[]	Title: Dad's Army Passage: The show's theme tune, ``Who do you think you are kidding, Mr Hitler? ''was Jimmy Perry's idea, intended as a gentle pastiche of wartime songs. It was the only pastiche in the series, as the other music used was contemporary to the 1940s. Perry wrote the lyrics himself and composed the music with Derek Taverner. Perry persuaded one of his childhood idols, wartime entertainer Bud Flanagan, to sing the theme for 100 guineas. Flanagan died less than a year after the recording. At the time it was widely believed to be a wartime song. Title: It's a Jungle Out There (song) Passage: ``It's a Jungle Out There ''is a song written by Randy Newman and used as the theme song for the TV series Monk starting in its second season. In 2004, it won an Emmy Award for Outstanding Main Title Theme Music. As the first season's theme song`` Monk Theme'' had won the same award the previous year, Monk became the first series to have two different theme songs win an Emmy for Outstanding Main Title Theme Music in consecutive years. Title: Nobody Does It Better Passage: ``Nobody Does It Better ''is a song composed by Marvin Hamlisch with lyrics by Carole Bayer Sager. It was recorded by Carly Simon as the theme song for the 1977 James Bond film The Spy Who Loved Me. It was the first Bond theme song to be titled differently from the name of the film since Dr. No, although the phrase`` the spy who loved me'' is included in the lyrics. The song was released as a single from the film's soundtrack album. Title: Majungasaurus Passage: Majungasaurus is classified as a member of the theropod clade Abelisauridae, which is considered a family in Linnaean taxonomy. Along with the family Noasauridae, abelisaurids are included in the superfamily Abelisauroidea, which is in turn a subdivision of the infraorder Ceratosauria. Abelisaurids are known for their tall skulls with blunt snouts, extensive sculpturing on the outer surfaces of the facial bones (convergent with carcharodontosaurids), very reduced (atrophied) forelimbs (convergent with tyrannosaurids), and stocky hindlimb proportions, among other features.As with many dinosaur families, the systematics (evolutionary relationships) within the family Abelisauridae are confused. Several cladistic studies have indicated that Majungasaurus shares a close relationship with Carnotaurus from South America, while others were unable to firmly place it in the phylogeny. The most recent analysis, using the most complete information, instead recovered Majungasaurus in a clade with Rajasaurus and Indosaurus from India, but excluding South American genera like Carnotaurus, Ilokelesia, Ekrixinatosaurus, Aucasaurus and Abelisaurus, as well as Rugops from mainland Africa. This leaves open the possibility of separate clades of abelisaurids in western and eastern Gondwana. Title: Truly Madly Deeply Passage: ``Truly Madly Deeply ''is a song by Australian pop band Savage Garden, released as the third single from their self - titled debut album in March 1997 by Columbia Records, Roadshow Music and Sony Records. It won the 1997 ARIA Music Award for Single of the Year and Highest Selling Single along it nominated for ARIA Music Award for Song of the Year. Written by bandmates Darren Hayes and Daniel Jones, the song is a reworking of a song called`` Magical Kisses'' that the pair wrote together long before recording began on their debut album. It was used as the main theme from the soundtrack of the 1998 film Music from Another Room, starring Jude Law and Gretchen Mol. Title: The Adventures of Robin Hood (TV series) Passage: Carl Sigman wrote the words and music for the theme song which was sung by Dick James. The song is still fondly remembered: Title: Baretta Passage: The theme song, ``Keep Your Eye on the Sparrow '', was written by Dave Grusin and Morgan Ames; initially an instrumental, lyrics were added in later seasons that were sung by Sammy Davis, Jr. Every episode of Baretta began with the song, which contained the motto,`` Do n't do the crime if you ca n't do the time.'' The song was released as a single in Europe in 1976, reaching number one in the Dutch Top 40 as ``Baretta's Theme ''. The music for the theme song was performed by Los Angeles - based Latin influenced Rock band El Chicano from Los Angeles, California. El Chicano also released the song as a 45 and also as a track on one of their albums. The`` Baretta'' theme song by El Chicano was a huge hit in many countries including Turkey, Malaysia, Singapore, France and The Philippines. Title: Sheldon Allman Passage: In 1960, Allman released Folk Songs for the 21st Century, an album of novelty songs all revolving around science - fiction themes. The tongue - in - cheek material, which Allman wrote and arranged himself, included titles such as ``Crawl Out Through The Fallout ''and`` Radioactive Mama.'' ``Crawl Out Through The Fallout ''is used in the video game Fallout 4. Title: John Barry (composer) Passage: John Barry Prendergast, OBE (/ ˈbæri /; 3 November 1933 -- 30 January 2011) was an English composer and conductor of film music. He composed the scores for 11 of the James Bond films between 1963 and 1987, and also arranged and performed the ``James Bond Theme ''to the first film in the series, 1962's Dr. No. He wrote the Grammy - and Academy Award - winning scores to the films Dances with Wolves and Out of Africa, as well as the theme for the British television cult series The Persuaders!, in a career spanning over 50 years. In 1999, he was appointed OBE at Buckingham Palace for services to music. Title: You Know My Name Passage: ``You Know My Name '', performed by Soundgarden singer Chris Cornell, is the theme song to the 2006 James Bond film, Casino Royale. Cornell wrote it jointly with David Arnold, the soundtrack's composer. The film producers chose Cornell because they wanted a strong male singer. Cornell and Arnold tried to make the song a replacement theme for the character instead of the`` James Bond theme'' reflecting the agent's inexperience in Casino Royale, as well as an introduction to Daniel Craig's grittier and more emotional portrayal of Bond. The single sold 148,000 copies in 2006 in the UK, peaked at number 7 in the UK singles chart, and has sold 323,000 digital copies and 3.5 million streams in the U.S. as of 2017. Title: One Tree Hill (season 8) Passage: Season eight features the return of the original opening credits and the original opening theme song ``I Do n't Want to Be ''covered by various artists each week, while the original version is featured sporadically. Schwahn wrote 13 out of the 22 episodes, including the final six episodes of the season. Title: Whatever Happened to the Likely Lads? Passage: The show's catchy theme song, ``Whatever Happened to You '', was written by Mike Hugg (of Manfred Mann) and La Frenais and performed by Hugg's session band, featuring session singer Tony Rivers supplying the lead vocals. A group named Highly Likely subsequently appeared on Top of the Pops to promote the song, and participated in a short UK tour as a result, but Rivers was not involved in these appearances. The song made the lower reaches of the UK Top 40 in 1973. Mike Hugg also wrote the theme tune to the spin - off 1976 feature film, entitled`` Remember When''. Title: Theme from The Dukes of Hazzard (Good Ol' Boys) Passage: The ``Theme from The Dukes of Hazzard (Good Ol 'Boys) ''is a song written and recorded by American country music singer Waylon Jennings. It was released in August 1980 as the second single from the album Music Man. Recognizable to fans as the theme to the CBS comedy adventure television series The Dukes of Hazzard, the song became a # 1 hit on the Billboard Hot Country Singles chart in 1980. Title: Christmas (Jorma Kaukonen album) Passage: Christmas is a Jorma Kaukonen studio album released in July 1996. It was the only themed album Kaukonen recorded and was a departure from the usual Rev. Gary Davis influenced tunes. It included new Christmas-themed compositions as well old hymns such as "Silent Night." Like the previous album, "The Land of Heroes", "Christmas" incorporated the work of Michael Falzarano and Fred Bogert. Kaukonen's wife Vanessa also performed vocals and co-wrote one song. It was also the only time Kaukonen performed keyboards on an album. Title: Never Say Never (Justin Bieber song) Passage: ``Never Say Never ''is a song by Canadian recording artist Justin Bieber. The song is used as the theme song for The Karate Kid, and features rap interludes from the film's star, Jaden Smith. Originally a risque demo with sexual lyrics performed by American singer Travis Garland, it was written and produced by The Messengers, and Omarr Rambert. However, for unknown reasons, Bieber was tapped to record the song for the film. He re-wrote the song with The Messengers, Rambert, Smith, and his vocal producer Kuk Harrell, to feature inspirational lyrics to foil the film's theme. The song contains R&B and pop elements while merging hip - hop. Title: The Suite Life on Deck Passage: The show's theme song, ``Livin 'the Suite Life, ''was written by John Adair and Steve Hampton (who also wrote the themes for fellow Disney Channel series The Suite Life of Zack & Cody, Phil of the Future, and Wizards of Waverly Place, as well as the theme for the ABC Kids series Power Rangers: RPM), with music composed by Gary Scott (who also composed the music cues to signal scene changes and promo breaks, some of which are styled similarly to the theme), and is performed by British singer Steve Rushton (who is only credited for performing the theme in the second season). Title: The Munsters Passage: The instrumental theme song, titled ``The Munsters's Theme '', was composed by composer / arranger Jack Marshall. The theme song's lyrics, which the sitcom's co-producer Bob Mosher wrote, were never aired on CBS. Described by writer Jon Burlingame as a`` Bernard - Herrmann - meets - Duane - Eddy sound'', the theme was nominated for a Grammy Award in 1965. A sample of the theme was used in the song Uma Thurman by Fall Out Boy. Title: I Kissed a Girl Passage: ``I Kissed a Girl ''is a song recorded by American singer Katy Perry for her second studio album, One of the Boys (2008). It was released on April 28, 2008, by Capitol Records as the lead single from the record. Perry co-wrote the song with Max Martin, Cathy Dennis, and its producer Dr. Luke, with additional production from Benny Blanco.`` I Kissed a Girl'' is a pop rock song with elements of new wave. Perry stated its lyrics are ``about the magical beauty of a woman ''. The song sparked controversy for its homosexual themes. Title: I Kissed a Girl Passage: ``I Kissed a Girl ''is a song recorded by American singer Katy Perry for her second studio album, One of the Boys (2008). It was released on April 28, 2008, by Capitol Records as the lead single from the record. Perry co-wrote the song with its producers Dr. Luke and Benny Blanco, with additional songwriting provided by Max Martin and Cathy Dennis.`` I Kissed a Girl'' is a pop rock song with elements of new wave. Perry stated its lyrics are ``about the magical beauty of a woman ''. The song sparked controversy for its homosexual themes. Title: Paul Williams (songwriter) Passage: Paul Hamilton Williams, Jr. (born September 19, 1940) is an American composer, singer, songwriter and actor. He is perhaps best known for writing popular songs performed by a number of acts in the 1970s, including Three Dog Night's ``An Old Fashioned Love Song ''and`` Out in the Country'', Helen Reddy's ``You and Me Against the World '', David Bowie's`` Fill Your Heart'', and the Carpenters' ``We've Only Just Begun ''and`` Rainy Days and Mondays'', as well as for his contributions to films, such as writing the lyrics to the # 1 chart - topping ``Evergreen '', the love theme from A Star Is Born, starring Barbra Streisand, for which he won a Grammy for Song of the Year and an Academy Award for Best Original Song; and`` Rainbow Connection'' from The Muppet Movie. He also wrote the lyrics to the opening theme for The Love Boat, with music previously composed by Charles Fox, which was originally sung by Jack Jones and, later, by Dionne Warwick.	[ "John Barry (composer)", "Majungasaurus" ]
Who sang Up Where We Belong, with the artist who sang You Can Keep Your Hat on?	Jennifer Warnes	[]	Title: Boyzone Passage: In 1993, an advertisement appeared in many Irish newspapers calling for auditions to form a new Irish "boy band" group. The advertisements were sent out by theatrical manager Walsh who was looking to make an "Irish Take That" following on from their success. The auditions were held in The Ormond Center, in Dublin, in November 1993. More than 300 people replied to the advertisement. At the auditions the applicants were asked to sing the song "Careless Whisper" by George Michael. Each audition would be taped and watched again to judge the applicant's performance. Out of the 300, 50 were selected for a second audition. For the second audition the applicants where asked to sing two songs, including one of their own choice with a backing tape. Mikey Graham sang "Two Out of Three Ain't Bad" by Meat Loaf, Keith Duffy sang "I'm Too Sexy" by Right Said Fred, Ronan Keating sang "Father and Son" by Cat Stevens (a cover version of which the band would later release), and Stephen Gately sang "Hello" by Lionel Richie. Out of this 50, 10 were selected for a third audition. In the end, Keating, Gately, Duffy, Richard Rock (son of Dickie Rock), Shane Lynch and Mark Walton were chosen. Title: Mamma Mia! (film) Passage: Meryl Streep took opera singing lessons as a child, and as an adult, she previously sang in several films, including Postcards from the Edge, Silkwood, Death Becomes Her, and A Prairie Home Companion. She was a fan of the stage show Mamma Mia! after seeing it on Broadway in September 2001, when she found the show to be an affirmation of life in the midst of the destruction of 9 / 11. Title: Orthodox Judaism Passage: Externally, Orthodox Jews can be identified by their manner of dress and family lifestyle. Orthodox women dress modestly by keeping most of their skin covered. Additionally, married women cover their hair, most commonly in the form of a scarf, also in the form of hats, bandanas, berets, snoods or, sometimes, wigs. Orthodox men wear a skullcap known as a kipa and often fringes called "tzitzit". Haredi men often grow beards and always wear black hats and suits, indoors and outdoors. However, Modern Orthodox Jews are commonly indistinguishable in their dress from those around them. Title: You Can Leave Your Hat On Passage: Joe Cocker recorded ``You Can Leave Your Hat On ''for his 1986 album Cocker. Released as a single, Cocker's version peaked at # 35 on Billboard Hot Mainstream Rock Tracks, and it was featured in the 1986 Adrian Lyne film 91⁄2 Weeks during the striptease scene. Title: Chiemi Eri Passage: Eri was born as Chiemi Kubo on January 11, 1937 in Tokyo, Japan. She started her singing career at the age of 14 with her version of "Tennessee Waltz." She sang American songs such as "Jambalaya" and "Come on-a My House". Eri started her career as an actress similar to Misora Hibari. Eri, Misora and Izumi Yukimura formed a trio. In her concerts, she was supported by Nobuo Hara's jazz band. Title: You've Got a Friend in Me Passage: ``You've Got a Friend in Me ''Single by Randy Newman and Lyle Lovett from the album Toy Story Released April 12, 1996 Format Cassette, CD single, digital download Genre Country, pop, soundtrack Length 2: 39 Label Walt Disney Songwriter (s) Randy Newman Producer (s) Randy Newman Randy Newman singles chronology`` It's Money That Matters'' / ``Falling in Love ''(1988)`` You've Got a Friend in Me'' (1996) ``We Belong Together ''(2010)`` It's Money That Matters'' / ``Falling in Love ''(1988)`` You've Got a Friend in Me'' (1996) ``We Belong Together ''(2010) Lyle Lovett singles chronology`` Do n't Touch My Hat'' (1996) Do n't Touch My Hat 1996 ``You've Got a Friend in Me ''(1996) You've Got a Friend in Me1996`` Private Conversation'' (1997) Private Conversation1997 Title: Up Where We Belong Passage: ``Up Where We Belong ''is a song written by Jack Nitzsche, Buffy Sainte - Marie and Will Jennings that was recorded by Joe Cocker and Jennifer Warnes for the 1982 film An Officer and a Gentleman. It reached record stores in July of that year to coincide with the release of the film. The song is about the belief that love can withstand the struggles of a relationship and make it stronger. Title: Build Me Up Buttercup Passage: ``Build Me Up Buttercup ''is a song written by Mike d'Abo and Tony Macaulay, and released by The Foundations in 1968 with Colin Young singing lead vocals. Young had replaced Clem Curtis during 1968 and this was the first Foundations hit on which he sang. Title: Waltraud Meier Passage: Waltraud Meier was born in Würzburg, Germany. She sang in various choral groups during her younger years. Upon finishing her secondary education, she began graduate studies in English and Romance Languages while also taking voice lessons. She studied singing with Professor Dietger Jacob. In 1976, she decided to concentrate on a singing career and soon thereafter debuted at the Würzburg Opera as Lola in "Cavalleria rusticana". Over the next several years she performed regularly at the opera house in Mannheim (1976–78). Title: Sang Dhesian Passage: Sang Dhesian (Dhesian Sang) is a village in Phillaur tahsil of Jalandhar district of Punjab state of India known for Baba Sang ji Gurdwara. Title: Bringing It All Back Home Passage: The album's cover, photographed by Daniel Kramer with an edge - softened lens, features Sally Grossman (wife of Dylan's manager Albert Grossman) lounging in the background. There are also artifacts scattered around the room, including LPs by The Impressions (Keep on Pushing), Robert Johnson (King of the Delta Blues Singers), Ravi Shankar (India's Master Musician), Lotte Lenya (Sings Berlin Theatre Songs by Kurt Weill) and Eric Von Schmidt (The Folk Blues of Eric Von Schmidt). Dylan had ``met ''Schmidt`` one day in the green pastures of Harvard University'' and would later mimic his album cover pose (tipping his hat) for his own Nashville Skyline four years later. A further record, Françoise Hardy's EP J'suis D'accord was on the floor near Dylan's feet but can only be seen in other shots from the same photo session. Title: Top hat Passage: A top hat, beaver hat, high hat, silk hat, cylinder hat, chimney pot hat or stove pipe hat, sometimes also known by the nickname ``topper '', is a tall, flat - crowned, broad - brimmed hat, worn by men from the latter part of the 18th to the middle of the 20th century. By the end of World War II, it had become a rarity in ordinary dress, though it continued to be worn in specific instances, such as state funerals, also by those occupying prominent positions in the Bank of England, by certain City stock exchange officials and occasionally when passing between the Law Courts and Lincoln's Inn, London by judges of the Chancery Division and Queen's Counsel. Title: England Keep My Bones Passage: England Keep My Bones is the fourth studio album by London-based singer-songwriter Frank Turner, released on 6 June 2011, on Xtra Mile in the United Kingdom, and on 7 June 2011, on Epitaph Records worldwide. Preceded by the single, "Peggy Sang the Blues", the album was produced and mixed by Tristan Ivemy, who had previously mixed "Love, Ire and Song", "Rock & Roll" and "Campfire Punkrock". Title: List of La Liga hat-tricks Passage: Below is the list of players that have scored a hat - trick in a La Liga match since the league's creation, in 1929. Since its creation, more than 100 players have scored at least a hat - trick. Cristiano Ronaldo has scored 34 La Liga hat - tricks, making him the player with the most hat - tricks in La Liga history. He is followed by Lionel Messi, with 30. Title: Robert Dean Smith Passage: Smith studied at Pittsburg State University (Kansas) with Margaret Thuenemann, at the Juilliard School of Music in New York City with Daniel Ferro, and with Professor Janice Harper in Europe. Like many dramatic tenors, he began his career as a baritone and sang for several years in German opera houses. He sings a variety of opera and concert repertoire, in different languages and styles. Title: Still Life with Straw Hat Passage: Still Life with Straw Hat ("Stillleben mit gelbem Strohhut") also known as "Still Life with Yellow Straw Hat" and "Still Life with Hat and Pipe" was painted by Vincent van Gogh in late November - mid-December 1881 or possibly in 1885 in the town of Nuenen. Title: Kelela Passage: A second-generation Ethiopian American and an only child, Mizanekristos was born in Washington, D.C. on June 4, 1983. Growing up in Gaithersburg, Maryland, she learned to play the violin in fourth grade and sang in her school's choir. In 2001, she graduated from Magruder High School. After transferring from Montgomery College to the American University, Mizanekristos began singing jazz standards at cafés. In 2008, she joined an indie band called Dizzy Spells and sang progressive metal after meeting Tosin Abasi, whom she later dated. In 2010, she moved to Los Angeles, where she currently lives, in addition to London. Title: Hat Creek, California Passage: Hat Creek is a census designated place (CDP) in Shasta County, California. Hat Creek is situated at an elevation of 3,422 feet (1,043 m). The 2010 United States census reported Hat Creek's population was 309. Title: Cocked Hat, Delaware Passage: Cocked Hat is an unincorporated community in Sussex County, Delaware, United States. Cocked Hat is located on Delaware Route 404 north of Bridgeville. Title: Golden Cone of Ezelsdorf-Buch Passage: The Golden Cone of Ezelsdorf-Buch () is a Late Bronze Age artefact discovered in 1953 between the villages of Ezelsdorf (Middle Franconia) and Buch (Upper Palatinate) in Southern Germany. A tall (88 cm), cone-shaped object made of thin sheet gold, it is seen as belonging to a group of artifacts referred to as Bronze Age Golden hats. It was presumably worn by special functionaries on ceremonial occasions.	[ "You Can Leave Your Hat On", "Up Where We Belong" ]
Who was the president of the country containing Waterfront Park when the city over which Little Boy was detonated was bombed?	President Truman	[]	Title: Guildford pub bombings Passage: The Guildford pub bombings occurred on 5 October 1974 when a subgroup of the Provisional Irish Republican Army (IRA) detonated two 6-pound gelignite bombs at two pubs in Guildford, Surrey, England. The pubs were targeted because they were popular with British Army personnel stationed at Pirbright barracks. Four soldiers and one civilian were killed. Sixty-five people were wounded. Title: Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki Passage: During the final stage of World War II, the United States detonated two nuclear weapons over the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki on August 6 and 9, 1945, respectively. The United States dropped the bombs after obtaining the consent of the United Kingdom, as required by the Quebec Agreement. The two bombings killed 129,000 -- 226,000 people, most of whom were civilians. They remain the only use of nuclear weapons in the history of warfare. Title: Manchester Arena bombing Passage: The 2017 Manchester Arena bombing was an Islamic terrorist attack in Manchester, United Kingdom. On 22 May 2017 a shrapnel - laden homemade bomb was detonated as people were leaving Manchester Arena following a concert by the American singer Ariana Grande. Twenty - three people were killed, including the attacker, and 250 were injured. Title: Southampton Passage: The annual Southampton Boat Show is held in September each year, with over 600 exhibitors present. It runs for just over a week at Mayflower Park on the city's waterfront, where it has been held since 1968. The Boat Show itself is the climax of Sea City, which runs from April to September each year to celebrate Southampton's links with the sea. Title: Thermos bomb Passage: Thermos bomb was the informal name for the AR-4, an air dropped anti-personnel mine used by the Italian Air Force during World War II. Large numbers were used against Malta and in the Middle East. It was named for its superficial appearance to a Thermos bottle, a popular brand of vacuum flask. The bomb was a cylinder long and weighing . It could be fitted with a very sensitive motion-sensitive fuze that would detonate if any attempt was made to move it, and could be lethal in the open up to around away. Because of this, unexploded Thermos bombs were normally destroyed where they fell, either by attaching a long piece of string to them and giving it a jerk, or detonating a small explosive charge next to them. Title: Waterfront Park (Seattle) Passage: Waterfront Park is a public park on the Central Waterfront, Downtown, Seattle, Washington, USA. Designed by the Bumgardner Partnership and consultants, it was constructed on the site of the former Schwabacher Wharf (Pier 58). Title: New York City Passage: The city's land has been altered substantially by human intervention, with considerable land reclamation along the waterfronts since Dutch colonial times; reclamation is most prominent in Lower Manhattan, with developments such as Battery Park City in the 1970s and 1980s. Some of the natural relief in topography has been evened out, especially in Manhattan. Title: Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki Passage: By August 1945, the Allies' Manhattan Project had produced two types of atomic bombs, and the 509th Composite Group of the United States Army Air Forces (USAAF) was equipped with the specialized Silverplate version of the Boeing B - 29 Superfortress that could deliver them from Tinian in the Mariana Islands. Orders for atomic bombs to be used on four Japanese cities were issued on July 25. On August 6, the U.S. dropped a uranium gun - type (Little Boy) bomb on Hiroshima, and American President Harry S. Truman called for Japan's surrender, warning it to ``expect a rain of ruin from the air, the like of which has never been seen on this earth. ''Three days later, on August 9, a plutonium implosion - type (Fat Man) bomb was dropped on Nagasaki. Within the first two to four months following the bombings, the acute effects of the atomic bombings had killed 90,000 -- 146,000 people in Hiroshima and 39,000 -- 80,000 in Nagasaki; roughly half of the deaths in each city occurred on the first day. During the following months, large numbers died from the effect of burns, radiation sickness, and other injuries, compounded by illness and malnutrition. In both cities, most of the dead were civilians, although Hiroshima had a sizable military garrison. Title: Smiling Buddha Passage: Smiling Buddha (MEA designation: Pokhran - I) was the assigned code name of India's first successful nuclear bomb test on 18 May 1974. The bomb was detonated on the army base, Pokhran Test Range (PTR), in Rajasthan by the Indian Army under the supervision of several key Indian generals. Title: Tristan da Cunha Passage: In 1958 as part of an experiment, Operation Argus, the United States Navy detonated an atomic bomb 160 kilometres (100 mi) high in the upper atmosphere about 175 kilometres (109 mi) southeast of the main island. Title: Uranium Passage: Two major types of atomic bombs were developed by the United States during World War II: a uranium-based device (codenamed "Little Boy") whose fissile material was highly enriched uranium, and a plutonium-based device (see Trinity test and "Fat Man") whose plutonium was derived from uranium-238. The uranium-based Little Boy device became the first nuclear weapon used in war when it was detonated over the Japanese city of Hiroshima on 6 August 1945. Exploding with a yield equivalent to 12,500 tonnes of TNT, the blast and thermal wave of the bomb destroyed nearly 50,000 buildings and killed approximately 75,000 people (see Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki). Initially it was believed that uranium was relatively rare, and that nuclear proliferation could be avoided by simply buying up all known uranium stocks, but within a decade large deposits of it were discovered in many places around the world. Title: TNT equivalent Passage: 6998150000000000000 ♠ 1.5 × 10 -- 6998200000000000000 ♠ 2 × 10 17.4 -- 23.2 GWh The Little Boy atomic bomb dropped on Hiroshima on August 6, 1945, exploded with an energy of about 15 kilotons of TNT (63 TJ), and the Fat Man atomic bomb dropped on Nagasaki on August 9, 1945, exploded with an energy of about 20 kilotons of TNT (84 TJ). The modern nuclear weapons in the United States arsenal range in yield from 0.3 kt (1.3 TJ) to 1.2 Mt (5.0 PJ) equivalent, for the B83 strategic bomb. Title: 2014 Taba bus bombing Passage: The 2014 Taba bus bombing was a terrorist attack on a tourist coach in Taba, Egypt on 16 February 2014. The bus had been parked, waiting to cross into Israel at the Taba Border Crossing, when a lone suicide bomber entered the open bus and detonated his explosives. Four people – three South Koreans and the Egyptian bus driver were killed, and 17 others injured. Title: 25 August 2003 Mumbai bombings Passage: The 25 August 2003 Mumbai bombings were twin car bombings in the Indian city of Mumbai that killed 54, and injured 244 people. One of the bomb explosions took place at the Gateway of India, which is a major tourist attraction. The other bomb went off in a jewellery market Zaveri Bazaar near the Mumba Devi temple in central Mumbai. Both the bombs were planted in parked taxis and exploded during the lunch hour. No group initially claimed responsibility for the attack, but Kashmir rebel group and Pakistan-based Lashkar-e-Toiba was blamed for it. Title: Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki Passage: During the final stage of World War II, the United States detonated two nuclear weapons over the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki on August 6 and 9, 1945, respectively. The United States dropped the bombs after obtaining the consent of the United Kingdom, as required by the Quebec Agreement. The two bombings killed at least 129,000 people, most of whom were civilians. They remain the only use of nuclear weapons in the history of warfare. Title: Aulnay-sous-Bois Passage: BULLET::::- The north of Aulnay-sous-Bois consists of large housing estates (including the "City of 3000" and "Milles-Milles"), industrial areas (PSA Peugeot Citroën, Garonor, and O'Parinor), and parks (Robert Ballanger Park and Sausset Park): Title: Mehola Junction bombing Passage: Hamas bombmaker Yahya Ayyash rigged a Volkswagen Transporter using three large propane tanks and explosives collected from grenades and other ordnance. The bomb was connected to a detonator switch in the driver's controls. Title: Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki Passage: The staff officer went to the airport and took off for the southwest. After flying for about three hours, while still nearly 160 km (100 mi) from Hiroshima, he and his pilot saw a great cloud of smoke from the bomb. After circling the city in order to survey the damage they landed south of the city, where the staff officer, after reporting to Tokyo, began to organize relief measures. Tokyo's first indication that the city had been destroyed by a new type of bomb came from President Truman's announcement of the strike, sixteen hours later. Title: Oklahoma Passage: In 1995, Oklahoma City was the site of one of the most destructive acts of domestic terrorism in American history. The Oklahoma City bombing of April 19, 1995, in which Timothy McVeigh and Terry Nichols detonated an explosive outside of the Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building, killed 168 people, including 19 children. The two men were convicted of the bombing: McVeigh was sentenced to death and executed by the federal government on June 11, 2001; his partner Nichols is serving a sentence of life in prison without the possibility of parole. McVeigh's army buddy, Michael Fortier, was sentenced to 12 years in federal prison and ordered to pay a $75,000 fine for his role in the bombing plot (i.e. assisting in the sale of guns to raise funds for the bombing, and examining the Murrah Federal building as a possible target before the terrorist attack). His wife, Lori Fortier, who has since died, was granted immunity from prosecution in return for her testimony in the case. Title: Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki Passage: By August 1945, the Allies' Manhattan Project had produced two types of atomic bomb, and the 509th Composite Group of the United States Army Air Forces (USAAF) was equipped with the specialized Silverplate version of the Boeing B - 29 Superfortress that could deliver them from Tinian in the Mariana Islands. Orders for atomic bombs to be used on four Japanese cities were issued on July 25. On August 6, one of its B - 29s dropped a Little Boy uranium gun - type bomb on Hiroshima. Three days later, on August 9, a Fat Man plutonium implosion - type bomb was dropped by another B - 29 on Nagasaki. The bombs immediately devastated their targets. Over the next two to four months, the acute effects of the atomic bombings killed 90,000 -- 146,000 people in Hiroshima and 39,000 -- 80,000 people in Nagasaki; roughly half of the deaths in each city occurred on the first day. Large numbers of people continued to die from the effects of burns, radiation sickness, and other injuries, compounded by illness and malnutrition, for many months afterward. In both cities, most of the dead were civilians, although Hiroshima had a sizable military garrison.	[ "Waterfront Park (Seattle)", "Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki", "Uranium" ]
Who won season 5 of the Bigg Boss in the film Attahasa language's region?	Chandan Shetty	[]	Title: Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles (2012 TV series) Passage: Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles Series logotype Also known as Tales of the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles (season five title) Genre Action Comedy Drama Based on Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles by Kevin Eastman Peter Laird Developed by Ciro Nieli Joshua Sternin J.R. Ventimilia Voices of Jason Biggs (Seasons 1 -- 2) Seth Green (Seasons 3 -- 5) Rob Paulsen Sean Astin Greg Cipes Hoon Lee Mae Whitman Kevin Michael Richardson Josh Peck Kelly Hu Nolan North Clancy Brown Christian Lanz Phil LaMarr Eric Bauza Fred Tatasciore J.B. Smoove Opening theme ``Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles ''Ending theme`` Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles'' (instrumental) Composer (s) Sebastian Evans II Stanley Martinez Country of origin United States Original language (s) English No. of seasons 5 No. of episodes 124 (list of episodes) Production Executive producer (s) Joshua Sternin J.R. Ventimilia Ciro Nieli Peter Hastings Brandon Auman Rick Magallanes (for Nickelodeon; season 1) Megan Casey (for Nickelodeon; seasons 2 -- 5) Producer (s) MacGregor Middleton Christopher Waters (supervising) Ant Ward (supervising) Patrick Krebs (supervising) Vladimir Radev (asscociate) Running time 22 minutes Production company (s) Lowbar Productions Mirage Studios Nickelodeon Animation Studio Release Original network Nickelodeon Picture format 480i NTSC 1080i HDTV Original release September 29, 2012 (2012 - 09 - 29) -- November 12, 2017 (2017 - 11 - 12) Chronology Preceded by Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles (2003 TV series) Followed by Rise of the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles External links Website Title: Whose Line Is It Anyway? (American TV series) Passage: Whose Line Is It Anyway? Logo since season nine Genre Comedy Created by Dan Patterson Mark Leveson Presented by Drew Carey Aisha Tyler Starring Ryan Stiles Colin Mochrie Wayne Brady Country of origin United States Original language (s) English No. of seasons 14 No. of episodes 324 (list of episodes) Production Running time 22 minutes Production company (s) Hat Trick Productions Warner Bros. Television Angst Productions Warner Horizon Television Distributor Warner Bros. Television Release Original network ABC (1998 -- 2004) ABC Family (2005 -- 2007) The CW (2013 --) Picture format 4: 3 (ABC) HDTV 1080i (The CW) Original release August 5, 1998 -- December 15, 2007 Revival: July 16, 2013 -- present Chronology Related shows Whose Line Is It Anyway? (UK TV series) External links Website Title: RuPaul's Drag Race (season 5) Passage: RuPaul's Drag Race Season 5 Broadcast from January 28 (2013 - 01 - 28) -- May 6, 2013 (2013 - 05 - 06) Judges RuPaul Michelle Visage Santino Rice Host (s) RuPaul Broadcaster Logo Competitors 14 Winner Jinkx Monsoon Origin Seattle, WA Runner - up Alaska Roxxxy Andrews Chronology ◀ Season 5 ▶ Title: The Voice (Indian season 2) Passage: The second season of The Voice, the Indian reality talent show, premiered on 10 December 2016 and concluded on 12 March 2017, with Farhan Sabir being crowned as the winner. The reality series is produced by Urban Brew Studios for &TV. Title: Connie Nielsen Passage: Connie Inge - Lise Nielsen (born 3 July 1965) is a Danish actress whose first major role in an English - language film was a supporting role in The Devil's Advocate (1997). Her films include, Gladiator (2000), Mission to Mars (2000), One Hour Photo (2002), Basic (2003), The Hunted (2003), The Ice Harvest (2005), and Nymphomaniac (2014). She starred as Meredith Kane on the Starz TV series Boss (2011 -- 2012) and was a lead character in the second season of The Following. She has joined the DC Extended Universe, appearing as Hippolyta in Wonder Woman (2017) and in Justice League (2017). Title: Jillian Harris Passage: In early 2009, Harris was a contestant on the thirteenth season of the American TV show The Bachelor, where she competed against 24 other women to win the heart of Jason Mesnick and finished as second - runner - up. In mid 2009, she was selected to be the star of the fifth season of The Bachelorette, making history as the franchise's first Canadian star. She chose Ed Swiderski as the winner of her season, and the two became engaged but later broke up. Title: List of Mike & Molly characters Passage: Molly Flynn - Biggs First appearance ``Pilot ''1x01, September 20, 2010 Last appearance`` I See Love'' 6x13, May 16, 2016 Portrayed by Melissa McCarthy Information Gender Female Occupation 4th Grade Schoolteacher (Prior to Season 1 - Season 4), Writer (Season 4 - Present) Family Joyce Flynn - Moranto (mother) Mr Flynn (father; deceased) Victoria Flynn (Younger Sister) Vince Moranto (step - father) Spouse (s) Mike Biggs Children William Michael Biggs (Adopted Son) Unborn Child (expecting with Mike) Relatives Peggy Biggs (mother - in - law) Jack Biggs (father - in - law) Religion Roman Catholic Nationality American Title: America's Got Talent (season 2) Passage: The second season of the show was originally announced to debut in January 2007, with a timeslot of Sunday nights at 8 p.m.; however, the network substituted another reality talent show, Grease: You're The One That I Want. This season's winner was a ventriloquist and impressionist Terry Fator. Title: Dancing with the Stars (American season 1) Passage: Dancing with the Stars (season 1) Country of origin United States No. of episodes 8 Release Original network ABC Original release June 1 -- July 6, 2005 Additional information Celebrity winner Kelly Monaco Professional winner Alec Mazo Season chronology Next → Season 2 Title: Attahasa Passage: Attahasa is a 2013 Kannada biopic film directed by A. M. R. Ramesh, based on the notorious forest brigand Veerappan. It was co-released in Tamil as Vana Yuddham (). Kishore plays the role of Veerappan in the film, whilst featuring Arjun Sarja and Vijayalakshmi and Lakshmi Rai in the lead roles. After much delay in the theatrical release, the film was opened to screens on 14 February 2013 all across Southern states of India, to positive reviews. Title: Fear Factor: Khatron Ke Khiladi 8 Passage: Contestant Profession Status Notes Shantanu Maheshwari Indian TV actor, dancer and choreographer Winner on 30 September 2017 1st Place Hina Khan Indian TV actress 1st Runner Up 2nd Place Ravi Dubey Indian TV actor 2nd Runner Up 3rd Place Monica Dogra American musician and actress Eliminated on 13 August 2017 returned on 2 September 2017 Eliminated on 30 September 2017 (Finalist) 4th place Nia Sharma Indian TV actress Eliminated on 6 August 2017 returned on 12 August 2017 eliminated again on 27 August 2017 returned again on 2 September 2017 Eliminated on 30 September (Finalist) 5th place Lopamudra Raut Indian model Eliminated on 24 September 2017 6th place (semi-finalist) Rithvik Dhanjani Indian TV actor Eliminated on 24 September 2017 7th place (semi-finalist) Karan Wahi Indian TV actor Eliminated on 10 September 2017 8th place Geeta Phogat Wrestler Eliminated on 3 September 2017 9th place Manveer Gurjar Bigg Boss 10 winner Eliminated on 20 August 2017 10th place Shiny Doshi Indian TV actress and model Eliminated on 30 July 2017 11th place Shibani Dandekar Indian TV actress, singer and model Eliminated on 29 July 2017 12th place Title: Bigg Boss Kannada (season 5) Passage: Bigg Boss Kannada 5 (BBK5) was the fifth season of the Kannada television series Bigg Boss Kannada, that premiered on 15 October 2017. Sudeep reprised his role as the host of the show. The finale of the season took place 28 January 2018, and rapper Chandan Shetty was declared the winner of the show and the prize money of ₹50 lakh. Sales representative Diwaker was voted the runner - up. Title: So You Think You Can Dance (American season 15) Passage: So You Think You Can Dance (U.S. TV series) Season 15 Broadcast from June 4 -- September 10, 2018 Judges Nigel Lythgoe Mary Murphy Vanessa Hudgens Stephen ``tWitch ''Boss Host (s) Cat Deeley Broadcaster Fox Broadcasting Company Venue United States Website www.fox.com/dance Winner Hannahlei Cabanilla Runner - up Jensen Arnold Chronology ◀ 2018 Title: India's Best Cinestars Ki Khoj Passage: India's Best Cinestar Ki Khoj is an Indian television series that premiered on Zee TV in 2004. It is a talent show for aspiring actors, and the first prize is the lead role in a film. Two winners, one male and one female, are crowned at the finale. The show returned for its second season in 2006 and third season in 2014. Title: The Woodwright's Shop Passage: The Woodwright's Shop is a traditional woodworking show hosted by master carpenter Roy Underhill on PBS in the United States. It is one of the longest running "how to" shows on PBS, with thirty-five 13-episode seasons filmed. Since its debut in 1979, the show has aired over 400 episodes. The first two seasons were broadcast only on public TV in North Carolina; the season numbering was restarted when the show went national in 1981. It is still filmed at the UNC-TV (University of North Carolina Center for Public Television) studios in Research Triangle Park, North Carolina. Title: Raja Chaudhary Passage: Raja Chaudhary played a villain in the Bhojpuri film "Saiyyan Hamar Hindustani" opposite Shweta Tiwari. His claim to fame has been reality show "Bigg Boss 2" (Indian Adaptation of Famous show "Big Brother") where he was a runner up. He was nominated many times but was always saved because of great fan following. After Big Boss he also participated in another reality show "Zor Ka Jhatka Total Wipe Out". Title: Der Container Exklusiv Passage: Der Container Exklusiv is a 2006 German TV Endemol game-show production, with the format of early "Big Brother Germany" (BB) TV shows. There were 18 contestants ("see below:" Nominations). The show was broadcast on Premiere channel, which is the broadcaster that showed the 24-hour streaming of German "Big Brother". The show began on 27 February 2006 and was meant to finish on 31 July 2006 (155 days), but due to poor ratings/subscriber levels, the show finished officially on 5 June 2006 (99 days), with final rounds of votes among all who remained. The prize for the winner was 150,000 Euro originally, but due to the shortened season, the final prize was 100,000 Euro (about US$140,000). The presenter was Christian Möllmann, a housemate in BB2 Germany. They used house number 9 from "Big Brother Germany" 6. The show started with 6 Housemates, adding a few each month. Nominations took place on Mondays, at 2-week intervals. Each Housemate nominated 1 person. Evictions were on alternate Mondays to the nominations, and the evicted Housemate was decided by a public vote of TV viewers. Title: Man v. Food Passage: Man v. Food Genre Food Reality Presented by Adam Richman (seasons 1 - 4) Casey Webb (seasons 5 - present) Country of origin United States Original language (s) English No. of seasons 6 No. of episodes 110 (list of episodes) Production Executive producer (s) Matt Sharp Will Edward Powell Dan Adler (season 5) Bonnie Biggs (season 5) Alan Madison (season 5) Producer (s) Dan Adler (series) Alison Mouledoux (series) Colin Gilroy (story) Bonnie Biggs (story) Dave ``Paco ''Abraham (story) Claudia Castillo (story) Aaron Schoonhoven (story) Joshua C. Diaz (story) Jillian Horgan (field) Josh Abraham (coordinating producer) Emily Graham (ap) Andria Ortega (production coordinator) Dan Kornfeld (field) Chris Stearns (ap) Alvin Chan (pa) Cinematography Peter Fackler Scott Sans Dan Akiba (season 5) Editor (s) Scott Besselle Bobby Munster Josh Baron Caton Clark Liam Lawyer Keith Krimbel Max Heller Caton Clark (season 5) Benedict Kasulis (season 5) Camera setup Multi-camera Running time 21 minutes Production company (s) Sharp Entertainment Release Original network Travel Channel Original release December 3, 2008 (2008 - 12 - 03) -- present External links Website Title: På spåret Passage: På spåret ("On the Track") is a popular Swedish TV game show broadcast on SVT since 5 September 1987. The show, which is intended to be humorous yet educational, has remained one of the most popular TV shows in Sweden, attracting an average of 2,150,000 viewers during the 2007 season. The all-time record was set in March 1990, when 3.7 million people tuned in to see the show. This means that nearly half of all Swedes saw the game show. Title: Bigg Boss Marathi Passage: Bigg Boss Marathi Presented by Mahesh Manjrekar Country of origin India Original language (s) Marathi No. of seasons No. of episodes 98 Production Location (s) Lonavala Running time 60 - 90 minutes (approx.) Production company (s) Endemol India Release Original release 15 April 2018 (2018 - 04 - 15) -- present	[ "Attahasa", "Bigg Boss Kannada (season 5)" ]
What was the tallest mountain before the one where Green Boots died was discovered?	Kangchenjunga	[]	Title: Tongshanjiabu Passage: Tongshanjiabu is a mountain in the Himalayas. At tall, Tongshanjiabu is the 103rd tallest mountain in the world. It sits in the disputed border territory between Bhutan and China. Tongshanjiabu has never been officially climbed. Title: List of tallest people Passage: People's Republic of China 248 cm 8 ft 1 3⁄4 in Zeng Jinlian Confirmed by Guinness World Records as tallest female ever. Suffered from spine curvature and could not stand at full height. Tallest recorded Chinese person and world's tallest person shortly before her death. 1964 -- 1982 (17) Title: Green Boots Passage: Green Boots is the name given to the unidentified corpse of a climber that became a landmark on the main Northeast ridge route of Mount Everest. Though his identity has not been officially confirmed, he is believed to be Tsewang Paljor, an Indian climber who died on Mount Everest in 1996. The term "Green Boots" originated from the green Koflach mountaineering boots that are on the feet of the corpse. All expeditions from the north side encountered the body curled in the limestone alcove cave at . In 2006, a different climber, David Sharp, died during a solo climb in what is known as "Green Boots' Cave". Title: List of past presumed highest mountains Passage: Chimborazo, 6,267 metres (20,561 ft). Presumed highest from sixteenth century until the beginning of the 19th century. Not in the top 100 highest mountains when measured from sea level, however due to the earth's equatorial bulge this is the farthest point from the Earth's center. Nanda Devi, 7,816 metres (25,643 ft). Presumed highest in the world before Kangchenjunga was sighted in an era when Nepal was still closed to the outside world. Now known to be the 23rd highest mountain in the world. Dhaulagiri, 8,167 metres (26,795 ft). Presumed highest from 1808 until 1847. Now known to be the 7th highest mountain in the world. Kangchenjunga, 8,586 metres (28,169 ft). Presumed highest from 1847 until 1852. Now known to be the 3rd highest mountain in the world. Mount Everest, 8,848 metres (29,029 ft). Established as highest in 1852 and officially confirmed in 1856. K2, 8,611 metres (28,251 ft). Discovered in 1856 before Mt. Everest was officially confirmed, K2's elevation became something of an enigma until it was officially resolved at a later date. News media reported in 1986 that satellite measurements by the University of Washington during an expedition to K2 by George Wallenstein had given a height between 29,064 feet (8,859 m) and 29,228 feet (8,909 m). This erroneous figure was quickly retracted, and K2's status as second highest was reaffirmed. Title: Grüner See (Styria) Passage: Grüner See (Green Lake) is a lake in Styria, Austria in a village named Tragöß. The lake is surrounded by the Hochschwab Mountains and forests. The name "Green Lake" originated because of its emerald-green water. The clean and clear water comes from the snowmelt from the karst mountains and has a temperature of . During winter, the lake is only deep and the surrounding area is used as a county park. Title: Grön eld, Umeå Passage: Grön eld (Fire in Green) is a glass sculpture by Vicke Lindstrand at Järnvägstorget, which is located in front of Umeå Central Station, in Umeå, Sweden. It was, at nine meters, the tallest glass sculpture in the world at the time of its inauguration in 1970. Title: Galdhøpiggen Passage: Galdhøpiggen is the tallest mountain in Norway, Scandinavia and Northern Europe, at 2,469 m (8,100 ft) above sea level. It is in the municipality of Lom (in Oppland), in the Jotunheimen mountain area. Title: Mount Genecand Passage: Mount Genecand () is a mountain at the head of Barilari Bay between Lawrie Glacier and Weir Glacier, on the west coast of Graham Land, Antarctica. It was photographed by Hunting Aerosurveys Ltd in 1955–57, and mapped from these photos by the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey. It was named by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee in 1959 for Félix-Valentin Genecand (1878–1957), a Swiss mountaineer who invented the Tricouni nail for climbing boots shortly before World War I. Title: Mount Whitney Passage: Mount Whitney is the tallest mountain in California, as well as the highest summit in the contiguous United States and the Sierra Nevada -- with an elevation of 14,505 feet (4,421 m). It is located on the boundary between California's Inyo and Tulare counties, 84.6 miles (136.2 km) west - northwest of the lowest point in North America at Badwater Basin in Death Valley National Park at 282 ft (86 m) below sea level. The west slope of the mountain is in Sequoia National Park and the summit is the southern terminus of the John Muir Trail which runs 211.9 mi (341.0 km) from Happy Isles in Yosemite Valley. The east slope is in the Inyo National Forest in Inyo County. Title: Olympus Mons Passage: Olympus Mons (/ əˌlɪmpəs ˈmɒnz, oʊ -, - ˈmɒns /; Latin for Mount Olympus) is a very large shield volcano on the planet Mars. By one measure, it has a height of nearly 25 km (13.6 mi or 72,000 ft). Olympus Mons is about two and a half times Mount Everest's height above sea level. It is the largest volcano, the tallest planetary mountain, and the second tallest mountain in the Solar System compared to Rheasilvia on Vesta. It is the youngest of the large volcanoes on Mars, having formed during Mars's Hesperian Period. It had been known to astronomers since the late 19th century as the albedo feature Nix Olympica (Latin for ``Olympic Snow ''). Its mountainous nature was suspected well before space probes confirmed its identity as a mountain. Title: Mons Huygens Passage: Mons Huygens is the Moon's tallest mountain (but not its highest point). It is about high and is located in the Montes Apenninus. Adjacent to the west is Mons Ampère. The Montes Apenninus were formed by the impact that created Mare Imbrium. The mountain was named after the Dutch astronomer, mathematician and physician Christiaan Huygens. Title: Big John Dick Mountain Passage: Big John Dick Mountain is a summit in Fannin County, Georgia, in the United States. With an elevation of , Big John Dick Mountain is the 196th tallest mountain in Georgia. Title: First Canadian Place Passage: First Canadian Place (originally First Bank Building) is a skyscraper in the Financial District of Toronto, Ontario, at the northwest corner of King and Bay streets, and serves as the global operational headquarters of the Bank of Montreal. At , it is Canada's tallest skyscraper and the 15th tallest building in North America to structural top (spires) and 9th highest to the roof top, and the 105th tallest in the world. It is the third tallest free-standing structure in Canada, after the CN Tower (also in Toronto) and the Inco Superstack chimney in Sudbury, Ontario. The building is owned by Brookfield Office Properties, putting it in co-ownership with the neighbouring Exchange Tower and Bay Adelaide Centre as well as various other office spaces across Downtown Toronto. Title: Cell division Passage: A cell division under microscope was first discovered by German botanist Hugo von Mohl in 1835 as he worked over Green algae Cladophora glomerata. Title: Inco Superstack Passage: The Inco Superstack in Sudbury, Ontario, with a height of , is the tallest chimney in Canada and the Western hemisphere, and the second tallest freestanding chimney in the world after the GRES-2 Power Station in Kazakhstan. It is also the second tallest freestanding structure of any type in Canada, behind the CN Tower but ahead of First Canadian Place. It is the 40th tallest freestanding structure in the world. The Superstack is located on top of the largest nickel smelting operation in the world at Vale Inco's Copper Cliff processing facility in the city of Greater Sudbury. Title: Oklahoma Passage: Oklahoma has four primary mountain ranges: the Ouachita Mountains, the Arbuckle Mountains, the Wichita Mountains, and the Ozark Mountains. Contained within the U.S. Interior Highlands region, the Ozark and Ouachita Mountains mark the only major mountainous region between the Rocky Mountains and the Appalachians. A portion of the Flint Hills stretches into north-central Oklahoma, and near the state's eastern border, Cavanal Hill is regarded by the Oklahoma Tourism & Recreation Department as the world's tallest hill; at 1,999 feet (609 m), it fails their definition of a mountain by one foot. Title: Nohkalikai Falls Passage: Nohkalikai Falls is the tallest plunge waterfall in India. Its height is 1115 feet (340 metres), making it as the highest waterfall in India. The waterfall is located near Cherrapunji, one of the wettest places on Earth. Nohkalikai Falls are fed by the rainwater collected on the summit of comparatively small plateau and decrease in power during the dry season in December - February. Below the falls there has formed a plunge pool with unusual green colored water. Title: Michael Taylor (forester) Passage: Michael W. Taylor (born 25 April 1966, in Los Angeles) is a leading discoverer of champion and tallest trees - most notably coast redwoods. In 2006, Taylor co-discovered the tallest known tree in the world, a coast redwood ("Sequoia sempervirens") now named "Hyperion". He also discovered "Helios" and "Icarus", the 2nd and 3rd tallest. Title: Nohkalikai Falls Passage: Nohkalikai Falls is the tallest plunge waterfall in India. Its height is 1115 feet (340 metres). The waterfall is located near Cherrapunji, one of the wettest places on Earth. Nohkalikai Falls are fed by the rainwater collected on the summit of a comparatively small plateau and decrease in power during the dry season in December - February. Below the falls there has formed a plunge pool with unusual green colored water. Title: Philadelphia City Hall Passage: At 548 ft (167 m), including the statue of city founder William Penn atop its tower, City Hall was the tallest habitable building in the world from 1894 to 1908. It remained the tallest in Pennsylvania until it was surpassed in 1932 by the Gulf Tower in Pittsburgh. It was the tallest in Philadelphia until 1986 when the construction of One Liberty Place surpassed it, ending the informal gentlemen's agreement that had limited the height of buildings in the city to no higher than the Penn statue.	[ "List of past presumed highest mountains", "Green Boots" ]
What is the population of the city in Florida where Philipp Schwartz died?	165,521	[]	Title: South Brooksville, Florida Passage: South Brooksville is a census-designated place (CDP) in Hernando County, Florida, United States. The population was 4,007 at the 2010 census. It is a suburb included in the Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater, Florida Metropolitan Statistical Area. Title: Harlem Heights, Florida Passage: Harlem Heights is a census-designated place (CDP) in Lee County, Florida, United States. The population was 1,065 at the 2000 census. It is part of the Cape Coral-Fort Myers, Florida Metropolitan Statistical Area. Title: Hernando Beach, Florida Passage: Hernando Beach is a census-designated place (CDP) in Hernando County, Florida, United States. The population was 2,299 at the 2010 census. Title: Shady Hills, Florida Passage: Shady Hills is a census-designated place (CDP) in Pasco County, Florida, United States. The population was 7,798 at the 2000 census. It is in the Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater, Florida Metropolitan Statistical Area. It is home to an active pigeon racing group. Title: Fern Park, Florida Passage: Fern Park is a census-designated place and a suburban unincorporated community in Seminole County, Florida, United States. The population was 8,318 at the 2000 census. It is part of the Orlando–Kissimmee Metropolitan Statistical Area. Title: Philipp Schwartz Passage: Philipp Schwartz (born 19 July 1894 in Versec, Banat, Hungary, died 1 December 1977 in Fort Lauderdale, United States) was a Hungarian-born neuropathologist, who lived in Germany, Switzerland, Turkey and the United States. Title: West Bradenton, Florida Passage: West Bradenton is a census-designated place (CDP) in Manatee County, Florida, United States. The population was 4,444 at the 2000 census. It is part of the Bradenton–Sarasota–Venice Metropolitan Statistical Area. Title: Bardmoor, Florida Passage: Bardmoor is a census-designated place (CDP) in Pinellas County, Florida, United States. The population was 9,732 at the 2010 census. Title: East Williston, Florida Passage: East Williston is a census-designated place (CDP) in Levy County, Florida, United States. The population was 694 at the 2010 census. Title: Ocean Breeze, Florida Passage: Ocean Breeze, formerly Ocean Breeze Park, is a town on the Indian River in Martin County, Florida, United States. Ocean Breeze and Briny Breezes in Palm Beach County are the only two towns in Florida in which all residents live in a mobile home park bearing the name of the town. The population was 463 at the 2000 census. As of 2004, the population recorded by the U.S. Census Bureau is 459. The population figures do not include the many part-time winter residents from other places. The town is an enclave within the census-designated place of Jensen Beach Title: Alva, Florida Passage: Alva is a census-designated place (CDP) in Lee County, Florida, United States situated on the Caloosahatchee River. The population was 2,182 at the 2000 census. It is part of the Cape Coral-Fort Myers, Florida Metropolitan Statistical Area. Title: Sarasota Springs, Florida Passage: Sarasota Springs is a census-designated place (CDP) in Sarasota County, Florida, United States. The population was 14,395 at the 2010 census. It is part of the Bradenton–Sarasota–Venice Metropolitan Statistical Area. Title: Rolling Oaks, Florida Passage: Rolling Oaks was a census-designated place (CDP) in Broward County, Florida, United States. The population was 1,291 at the 2000 census. It was incorporated into the town of Southwest Ranches, Florida in 2000, and is now a neighborhood. Title: Air Florida Passage: Air Florida was an American low-cost carrier that operated from 1971 to 1984. In 1975 it was headquartered in the Dadeland Towers in what is now Kendall, Florida in unincorporated Miami-Dade County, Florida. Title: Dunes Road, Florida Passage: Dunes Road is a former census-designated place (CDP) in Palm Beach County, Florida, United States. The population was 391 at the 2000 census. Title: Westgate, Florida Passage: Westgate is an unincorporated census-designated place (CDP) in Palm Beach County, Florida, United States. The population was 7,975 at the 2010 census. Prior to then it was listed as the Westgate-Belvedere Homes CDP. Title: West Ken-Lark, Florida Passage: West Ken-Lark was a census-designated place (CDP) in Broward County, Florida, United States. The population was 3,412 at the 2000 census. It now serves as a neighborhood of Lauderhill. Title: Andrews, Levy County, Florida Passage: Andrews is a census-designated place (CDP) in Levy County, Florida, United States. The population was 798 at the 2010 census. Title: Fort Lauderdale, Florida Passage: Fort Lauderdale (/ ˌfɔːrt ˈlɔːdərdeɪl /; frequently abbreviated as Ft. Lauderdale) is a city in the U.S. state of Florida, 28 miles (45 km) north of Miami. It is the county seat of Broward County. As of the 2010 census, the city had a population of 165,521 in 2010. Title: Cleveland, Florida Passage: Cleveland is a census-designated place (CDP) in Charlotte County, Florida, United States. The population was 2,990 at the 2010 census. It is part of the Punta Gorda Metropolitan Statistical Area.	[ "Fort Lauderdale, Florida", "Philipp Schwartz" ]
When did the British Empire take over the country where Bondo is located?	1895	[]	Title: Rarieda Constituency Passage: Rarieda Constituency is an electoral constituency in Kenya. It is one of six constituencies in Siaya County, and one of two constituencies in the former Bondo District. The entire constituency is located within Bondo County Council. Title: France in the American Revolutionary War Passage: French involvement in the American Revolutionary War began in 1775, when France, a rival of the British Empire, secretly shipped supplies to the Continental Army. A Treaty of Alliance in 1778 soon followed, which led to shipments of money and matériel to the United States. Subsequently, the Spanish Empire and the Dutch Republic also began to send assistance, leaving the British Empire with no allies. Title: History of South Africa Passage: Following the defeat of the Boers in the Anglo - Boer or South African War (1899 -- 1902), the Union of South Africa was created as a dominion of the British Empire in terms of the South Africa Act 1909, which amalgamated the four previously separate British colonies: Cape Colony, Natal Colony, Transvaal Colony and Orange River Colony. The country became a self - governing nation state within the British Empire, in 1934 following enactment of the Status of the Union Act. The dominion came to an end on 31 May 1961 as the consequence of a 1960 referendum, which legitimised the country becoming a sovereign state named Republic of South Africa. A republican constitution was adopted. Title: American Revolution Passage: The Continental Army forced the British out of Boston in 1776, but the British captured and held New York City for the duration of the war. The British blockaded ports and captured other cities for brief periods, but they failed to defeat Washington's forces. The Patriots unsuccessfully attempted to invade Canada during the winter of 1775 -- 76, but they captured a British army at the Battle of Saratoga in late 1777, and the French entered the war as allies of the United States as a result. The war later turned to the American South where the British under the leadership of Charles Cornwallis captured an army at South Carolina but failed to enlist enough volunteers from Loyalist civilians to take effective control of the territory. A combined American -- French force captured a second British army at Yorktown in 1781, effectively ending the war in the United States. The Treaty of Paris in 1783 formally ended the conflict, confirming the new nation's complete separation from the British Empire. The United States took possession of nearly all the territory east of the Mississippi River and south of the Great Lakes, with the British retaining control of Canada and Spain taking Florida. Title: Order of the British Empire Passage: At the foundation of the Order, the "Medal of the Order of the British Empire" was instituted, to serve as a lower award granting recipients affiliation but not membership. In 1922, this was renamed the "British Empire Medal". It stopped being awarded by the United Kingdom as part of the 1993 reforms to the honours system, but was again awarded beginning in 2012, starting with 293 BEMs awarded for the Queen's Diamond Jubilee. In addition, the BEM is awarded by the Cook Islands and by some other Commonwealth nations. In 2004, a report entitled "A Matter of Honour: Reforming Our Honours System" by a Commons committee recommended to phase out the Order of the British Empire, as its title was "now considered to be unacceptable, being thought to embody values that are no longer shared by many of the country’s population". Title: Castelmur Castle (Bondo) Passage: Castelmur Castle is a castle in the village of Bondo in the municipality of Bregaglia of the Canton of Graubünden in Switzerland. It is a Swiss heritage site of national significance. The fortifications at Castelmur may be, after the Three Castles of Bellinzona, the most important example of medieval valley fortifications in modern Switzerland. Title: History of Kenya Passage: The European and Arab presence in Mombasa dates to the Early Modern period, but European exploration of the interior began only in the 19th century. The British Empire established the East Africa Protectorate in 1895, from 1920 known as the Kenya Colony. Title: Royal Flying Corps Passage: Royal Flying Corps Active 13 April 1912 -- 1 April 1918 Disbanded merged into Royal Air Force (RAF), 1918 Country British Empire Allegiance King George V Branch British Army Size 3,300 aircraft (1918) Motto (s) Latin: Per Ardua ad Astra ``Through Adversity to the Stars ''Wars First World War Commanders Notable commanders Sir David Henderson Hugh Trenchard Insignia Roundel Flag Title: Ornamentalism Passage: Ornamentalism: How the British Saw Their Empire is a book by David Cannadine about British perceptions of the British Empire. Cannadine argues that class, rank and status were more important to the British Empire than race. The title of the work "Ornamentalism" is a direct reference to Edward Said's book "Orientalism", which argues the existence of prejudiced outsider interpretations of the East, shaped by the attitudes of European imperialism in the 18th and 19th centuries. It has also been argued to borrow tones from the title of Joseph Schumpeter's "Imperialism and Social Classes", which some historians see as the origins of the 'Ornamentalist' perspective in academic history' Title: House of Windsor Passage: The name was changed from Saxe - Coburg and Gotha to the English Windsor in 1917 because of anti-German sentiment in the British Empire during World War I. During the reign of the Windsors, major changes took place in British society. The British Empire participated in the First and Second World Wars, ending up on the winning side both times, but subsequently lost its status as a superpower during decolonisation. Much of Ireland broke with the United Kingdom and the remnants of the Empire became the Commonwealth of Nations. Title: George VI Passage: During George's reign the break-up of the British Empire and its transition into the Commonwealth of Nations accelerated. The parliament of the Irish Free State removed direct mention of the monarch from the country's constitution on the day of his accession. From 1939, the Empire and Commonwealth, except Ireland, was at war with Nazi Germany. War with Italy and Japan followed in 1940 and 1941, respectively. Though Britain and its allies were ultimately victorious in 1945, the United States and the Soviet Union rose as pre-eminent world powers and the British Empire declined. After the independence of India and Pakistan in 1947, George remained as king of both countries, but the title Emperor of India was abandoned in June 1948. Ireland formally declared itself a republic and left the Commonwealth in 1949, and India became a republic within the Commonwealth the following year. George adopted the new title of Head of the Commonwealth. He was beset by health problems in the later years of his reign. His elder daughter, Elizabeth, succeeded him. Title: History of Kolkata Passage: Kolkata, formerly known as Calcutta in English, is the capital of the Indian state of West Bengal and is located in eastern India on the east bank of the River Hooghly. The city was a colonial city developed by the British East India Company and then by the British Empire. Kolkata was the capital of the British Indian empire until 1911 when the capital was relocated to Delhi. Kolkata grew rapidly in the 19th century to become the second city of the British Indian Empire. This was accompanied by the development of a culture that fused European philosophies with Indian tradition. Title: Near East Passage: If the British Empire was now going to side with the Russian Empire, the Ottoman Empire had no choice but to cultivate a relationship with the Austro-Hungarian Empire, which was supported by the German Empire. In a few years these alignments became the Triple Entente and the Triple Alliance (already formed in 1882), which were in part a cause of World War I. By its end in 1918 three empires were gone, a fourth was about to fall to revolution, and two more, the British and French, were forced to yield in revolutions started under the aegis of their own ideologies. Title: Roman (given name) Passage: Roman is a male first name. It has distant origins dating back to the Roman Empire and the Latin language. It comes from the Latin word ``romanus '', which means`` of Rome''. In this initial sense, the title ``Roman ''means`` a citizen of the Roman Empire'', a man of Roman (or Byzantine) culture, Latin or Greek. The name day festival for Roman may take place on different days depending on the country. Title: Gregorian calendar Passage: Country Start numbered year on 1 January Adoption of Gregorian calendar Denmark Gradual change from 13th to 16th centuries 1700 Venice 1522 1582 Holy Roman Empire (Catholic states) 1544 1583 Spain, Poland, Portugal 1556 1582 Holy Roman Empire (Protestant states) 1559 1700 Sweden 1559 1753 France 1564 1582 Southern Netherlands 1576 1582 Lorraine 1579 1682 Dutch Republic 1583 1582 Scotland 1600 1752 Russia 1700 1918 Tuscany 1721 1750 Great Britain and the British Empire except Scotland 1752 1752 Title: Action of Arsuf Passage: The Action of Arsuf (8 June 1918), was fought between the forces of the British Empire and the Ottoman Empire, German Empire and Austria-Hungary during the Sinai and Palestine Campaign of the First World War. The British Empire forces involved was the 21st (Bareilly) Brigade comprising the 2nd Battalion, Black Watch, the 1st Guides Infantry, the 29th Punjabis and the 1/8th Gurkha Rifles. Title: Imperialism Passage: Imperialism has played an important role in the histories of Japan, Korea, the Assyrian Empire, the Chinese Empire, the Roman Empire, Greece, the Byzantine Empire, the Persian Empire, the Ottoman Empire, Ancient Egypt, the British Empire, India, and many other empires. Imperialism was a basic component to the conquests of Genghis Khan during the Mongol Empire, and of other war-lords. Historically recognized Muslim empires number in the dozens. Sub-Saharan Africa has also featured dozens of empires that predate the European colonial era, for example the Ethiopian Empire, Oyo Empire, Asante Union, Luba Empire, Lunda Empire, and Mutapa Empire. The Americas during the pre-Columbian era also had large empires such as the Aztec Empire and the Incan Empire. Title: Colonial empire Passage: The British Empire, consolidated during the period of British maritime hegemony in the 19th century, became the largest empire in history by virtue of the improved transportation technologies of the time. At its height, the British Empire covered a quarter of the Earth's land area and comprised a quarter of its population. During the New Imperialism, Italy and Germany also built their colonial empires in Africa. Title: History of South Africa Passage: Following the defeat of the Boers in the Anglo - Boer or South African War (1899 -- 1902), the Union of South Africa was created as a dominion of the British Empire in terms of the South Africa Act 1909, which amalgamated the four previously separate British colonies: Cape Colony, Natal Colony, Transvaal Colony, and Orange River Colony. The country became a self - governing nation state within the British Empire, in 1934 following enactment of the Status of the Union Act. The dominion came to an end on 31 May 1961 as the consequence of a 1960 referendum, which legitimised the country becoming a sovereign state named Republic of South Africa. A republican constitution was adopted. Title: Bondo, Kenya Passage: Bondo is a town in Siaya County of Kenya. It the largest town of the county. Bondo is located 50 kilometres west of Kisumu, the provincial capital. Bondo forms a town council with a population of 33,468 (2009 census).	[ "Bondo, Kenya", "History of Kenya" ]
Who was in charge of the country of citizenship where the leading cast member of the film Valentino was from?	Boris Yeltsin	[]	Title: Russia Passage: In June 1991, Boris Yeltsin became the first directly elected President in Russian history when he was elected President of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, which became the independent Russian Federation in December of that year. During and after the disintegration of the Soviet Union, wide-ranging reforms including privatization and market and trade liberalization were undertaken, including radical changes along the lines of "shock therapy" as recommended by the United States and the International Monetary Fund. All this resulted in a major economic crisis, characterized by a 50% decline in both GDP and industrial output between 1990 and 1995. Title: Belgium Passage: As of 2007, nearly 92% of the population had Belgian citizenship, and other European Union member citizens account for around 6%. The prevalent foreign nationals were Italian (171,918), French (125,061), Dutch (116,970), Moroccan (80,579), Portuguese (43,509), Spanish (42,765), Turkish (39,419) and German (37,621). In 2007, there were 1.38 million foreign-born residents in Belgium, corresponding to 12.9% of the total population. Of these, 685,000 (6.4%) were born outside the EU and 695,000 (6.5%) were born in another EU Member State.At the beginning of 2012, people of foreign background and their descendants were estimated to have formed around 25% of the total population i.e. 2.8 million new Belgians. Of these new Belgians, 1,200,000 are of European ancestry and 1,350,000 are from non-Western countries (most of them from Morocco, Turkey, and the DR Congo). Since the modification of the Belgian nationality law in 1984 more than 1.3 million migrants have acquired Belgian citizenship. The largest group of immigrants and their descendants in Belgium are Moroccans. 89.2% of inhabitants of Turkish origin have been naturalized, as have 88.4% of people of Moroccan background, 75.4% of Italians, 56.2% of the French and 47.8% of Dutch people. Title: History of laws concerning immigration and naturalization in the United States Passage: Pursuant to this power, Congress in 1790 passed the first naturalization law for the United States, the Naturalization Act of 1790. The law enabled those who had resided in the country for two years and had kept their current state of residence for a year to apply for citizenship. However it restricted naturalization to ``free white persons ''of`` good moral character''. Title: Valentino (1977 film) Passage: Valentino is a 1977 American biographical film directed by Ken Russell and starring Rudolf Nureyev as Rudolph Valentino. The film is very loosely based on the life of Valentino as recounted in the book "Valentino, an Intimate Exposé of the Sheik", written by Chaw Mank and Brad Steiger. The film also stars Michelle Phillips, Leslie Caron, and Carol Kane. Title: Citizenship Clause Passage: The reference to naturalization in the Citizenship Clause is to the process by which immigrants are granted United States citizenship. Congress has power in relation to naturalization under the Naturalization Clause in Article I, Section 8, Clause 4 of the Constitution. Title: Luke Thompson (rugby union) Passage: Thompson obtained Japanese citizenship in July 2011 after 7 years in Japan, and is well settled. His sister Anna Thompson is a member of the New Zealand national netball team, the Silver Ferns. Title: Impeachment in the United States Passage: Impeachment proceedings may be commenced by a member of the House of Representatives on her or his own initiative, either by presenting a list of the charges under oath or by asking for referral to the appropriate committee. The impeachment process may be initiated by non-members. For example, when the Judicial Conference of the United States suggests a federal judge be impeached, a charge of actions constituting grounds for impeachment may come from a special prosecutor, the President, or state or territorial legislature, grand jury, or by petition. Title: Mansur Kamaletdinov Passage: Kamaletdinov was born in Zlatoust, Russia and spent his early childhood in a village near Ufa, Bashkiria, which by coincidence is the same village where the great dancer Rudolf Nureyev grew up. Title: When Love Grows Cold Passage: When Love Grows Cold is a lost 1926 American silent drama film directed by Harry O. Hoyt, and starring Clive Brook and Natacha Rambova in her only screen starring performance. Rambova was chiefly famous for being the wife of Rudolph Valentino. The film was originally titled "Do Clothes Make the Woman?" But in view of Valentino's recent divorce from Rambova, the distributor took the opportunity to bill her as 'Mrs Valentino' and changed the title to "When Love Grows Cold". She was mortally offended and never worked in film again. Title: Nissan Leaf Passage: The Nissan Leaf (Japanese: 日産リーフ) is a compact five - door hatchback electric car manufactured by Nissan and introduced in Japan and the United States in December 2010, followed by various European countries and Canada in 2011. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) official range for the 2018 model year Leaf is 243 km (151 miles) on a full battery charge. The battery can be charged from empty to 80% capacity in about 30 minutes using DC fast charging. Title: Charlotte Ritchie Passage: Charlotte Ritchie (born 29 August 1989) is a British actress and singer - songwriter. She is a member of the classical crossover band All Angels. She has been a main cast member in Channel 4's Fresh Meat and the BBC's Siblings. From January 2015 she joined the cast of the BBC's Call the Midwife, playing Barbara Gilbert. Title: Geordie Shore (series 14) Passage: The fourteenth series of Geordie Shore, a British television programme based in Newcastle upon Tyne, was confirmed on 31 October 2016 when cast member Scotty T announced that he would be taking a break from the series to focus on other commitments. The series was filmed in November 2016, and began airing on 28 March 2017. Ahead of the series, it was also confirmed that original cast member Holly Hagan had quit the show, following her exit in the previous series. On 28 February 2017, it was announced that eight new cast members had joined for this series. Zahida Allen, Chelsea Barber, Sam Bentham, Sarah Goodhart, Abbie Holborn, Elettra Lamborghini, Billy Phillips and Eve Shannon all appeared throughout the series hoping to become permanent members of the cast, and in the series finale, Holborn was chosen. Goodhart and Allen both previously appeared on Ex on the Beach, with the former appearing on the third series of the show as the ex-girlfriend of current Geordie Shore cast member Marty McKenna (before he joined the cast). Lamborghini has also appeared on Super Shore and participated in the fifth season of Gran Hermano VIP, the Spanish version of Celebrity Big Brother. It was also confirmed that Scott would return later in the series. Title: Myanmar Passage: The Rohingya people have consistently faced human rights abuses by the Burmese regime that has refused to acknowledge them as Burmese citizens (despite some of them having lived in Burma for over three generations)—the Rohingya have been denied Burmese citizenship since the enactment of a 1982 citizenship law. The law created three categories of citizenship: citizenship, associate citizenship, and naturalised citizenship. Citizenship is given to those who belong to one of the national races such as Kachin, Kayah (Karenni), Karen, Chin, Burman, Mon, Rakhine, Shan, Kaman, or Zerbadee. Associate citizenship is given to those who cannot prove their ancestors settled in Myanmar before 1823, but can prove they have one grandparent, or pre-1823 ancestor, who was a citizen of another country, as well as people who applied for citizenship in 1948 and qualified then by those laws. Naturalized citizenship is only given to those who have at least one parent with one of these types of Burmese citizenship or can provide "conclusive evidence" that their parents entered and resided in Burma prior to independence in 1948. The Burmese regime has attempted to forcibly expel Rohingya and bring in non-Rohingyas to replace them—this policy has resulted in the expulsion of approximately half of the 800,000 Rohingya from Burma, while the Rohingya people have been described as "among the world's least wanted" and "one of the world's most persecuted minorities." But the origin of ‘most persecuted minority’ statement is unclear. Title: Albano Carrisi Passage: Albano Carrisi (Italian: [alˈbaːno karˈriːzi]; born 20 May 1943), better known as Al Bano, is an Italian recording artist, actor, and winemaker. In 2016, he was awarded Albanian citizenship due to his close ties with the country. Title: Giorgio Bocca Passage: Giorgio Valentino Bocca (28 August 1920 – 25 December 2011) was an Italian essayist and journalist, also known for his participation in the World War II partisan movement. Title: The Conquering Power Passage: The Conquering Power (1921) is an American silent romantic drama directed by Rex Ingram and starring Rudolph Valentino, Alice Terry, and Ralph Lewis. The film was based on the novel "Eugénie Grandet" by Honoré de Balzac. Its sets were designed by Ralph Barton. Title: Valentino Rovisi Passage: Valentino Rovisi (December 1715 in Moena – 12 March 1783 in Moena) was an Italian painter in a late Baroque style. Title: Thomas J. Valentino Passage: Thomas J. Valentino (April 27, 1907 - August 4, 1986) was an American businessman of Italian descent being amongst the first to develop libraries of sound effects and taped music. Title: Telman Ismailov Passage: Telman Mardanovich Ismailov (, ; born 26 October 1956) is an Azerbaijani-born businessman and entrepreneur of Mountain Jew origin. Since Azerbaijan does not allow dual citizenship, he holds Russian-Turkish citizenship. He is the chairman of the Russian AST Group of companies, which is active in many countries. Until 2009, Ismailov owned the Europe's then-largest marketplace, Cherkizovsky Market, located in Moscow, Russia. Title: The Bill Jefferson Show Passage: The Bill Jefferson Show is a television program featuring traditional country music and airing on WPXR-TV, the ION network affiliate in Roanoke, Virginia. The program is filmed in Rocky Mount, Virginia, the beginning of the "crooked road" which is an area known for its contribution to traditional American music. The show airs in 39 regions encompassing central and southwest Virginia as well as parts of West Virginia and North Carolina. Notable is the fact that it is reminiscent of the early days of country and western music with cast members dressed in country/western attire and the use of instrumentation such as steel guitar, banjo and fiddle.	[ "Mansur Kamaletdinov", "Valentino (1977 film)", "Russia" ]
Where is the birthplace of the creator of paintings named for the country where Massouma al-Mubarak was born?	Beirut	[]	Title: Low birth weight Passage: Low birth weight (LBW) is defined by the World Health Organization as a birth weight of a infant of 2,499 g or less, regardless of gestational age. Subcategories include very low birth weight (VLBW), which is less than 1500 g (3 pounds 5 ounces), and extremely low birth weight (ELBW), which is less than 1000 g (2 pounds 3 ounces). Normal weight at term delivery is 2500 -- 4200 g (5 pounds 8 ounces -- 9 pounds 4 ounces). Title: Kuwait (Kanso series) Passage: Kuwait is a group of approximately 40 paintings made by Nabil Kanso in 1990-91 on the Gulf War and Iraq’s invasion of Kuwait. The works in the series were first exhibited in Kuwait in March – April 1992 at the Free Atelier Art Center and traveled in June to Caracas for a special exhibit at the Palacio de Gobierno in honor of the Emir of Kuwait’s visit to Venezuela. Then, the exhibition proceeded to Geneva and was held at the Red Cross Museum in July – August 1992. Title: Birth control movement in the United States Passage: Birth control practices were generally adopted earlier in Europe than in the United States. Knowlton's book was reprinted in 1877 in England by Charles Bradlaugh and Annie Besant, with the goal of challenging Britain's obscenity laws. They were arrested (and later acquitted) but the publicity of their trial contributed to the formation, in 1877, of the Malthusian League -- the world's first birth control advocacy group -- which sought to limit population growth to avoid Thomas Malthus's dire predictions of exponential population growth leading to worldwide poverty and famine. By 1930, similar societies had been established in nearly all European countries, and birth control began to find acceptance in most Western European countries, except Catholic Ireland, Spain, and France. As the birth control societies spread across Europe, so did birth control clinics. The first birth control clinic in the world was established in the Netherlands in 1882, run by the Netherlands' first female physician, Aletta Jacobs. The first birth control clinic in England was established in 1921 by Marie Stopes, in London. Title: Place des Martyres (paintings) Passage: Place des Martyres is the title of a series of over 250 watercolors and drawings executed in New York and Beirut between 1971 and 1974 by Nabil Kanso. The subjects of the works in the series are based on the women headquartered in the red-light district of Beirut city center called el Bourj, and after World War I named Place des Martyrs French for Martyrs’ Place in memory of dozens of Arab nationalists who were hanged in 1915-16 during Ottoman rule. Title: Lucky Whitehead Passage: Lucky Whitehead Whitehead with the Dallas Cowboys in 2015 Free agent Position: Wide receiver Birth name: Rodney Darnell Whitehead Jr. Date of birth: (1992 - 06 - 02) June 2, 1992 (age 25) Place of birth: Manassas, Virginia Height: 5 ft 9 in (1.75 m) Weight: 180 lb (82 kg) Career information High school: Manassas (VA) Osbourn College: Florida Atlantic Undrafted: 2015 Career history Dallas Cowboys (2015 -- 2016) New York Jets (2017) Career highlights and awards All - C - USA (2014) Career NFL statistics as of Week 17, 2016 Receptions: 9 Receiving yards: 64 Rushing yards: 189 Total return yards: 1,151 Total touchdowns: 0 Player stats at NFL.com Player stats at PFR Title: Gestation Passage: In humans, birth normally occurs at a gestational age of about 40 weeks, though it is common for births to occur from 37 to 42 weeks. After 8 weeks, the embryo is called a fetus. Title: Maurice Hope Passage: Maurice Hope (born 6 December 1951 in St. John's, Antigua) is a former boxer from England, who was world Jr. Middleweight champion. Hope lived in Hackney most of his life, but now lives in his place of birth, Antigua. He represented Great Britain at the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich, West Germany. Title: Massouma al-Mubarak Passage: Massouma al-Mubarak (born 1947) is Kuwait's first female government minister, sworn in on 20 June 2005. She was educated in the United States and is a professor of political science. Title: Peter Fliesteden Passage: Peter Fliesteden (date of birth unknown; died 28 September 1529) was condemned to be burnt at the stake at Melaten near Cologne, as one of the first Protestant martyrs of the Reformation on the Lower Rhine in Germany. He was born in a tiny place also called Fliesteden (now part of Bergheim, Rhein-Erft-Kreis) on an unknown date. Title: International Who's Who in Music Passage: The International Who's Who in Music is a biographical dictionary and directory originally published by the International Biographical Centre located in Cambridge, England. It contains only biographies of persons living at the time of publication and includes composers, performers, writers, and some music librarians. The biographies included are solicited from the subjects themselves and generally include date and place of birth, contact information as well as biographical background and achievements. Title: Demographics of the European Union Passage: The most populous member state is Germany, with an estimated 82.8 million people, and the least populous member state is Malta with 0.4 million. Birth rates in the EU are low with the average woman having 1.6 children. The highest birth - rates are found in Ireland with 16.876 births per thousand people per year and France with 13.013 births per thousand people per year. Germany has the lowest birth rate in Europe with 8.221 births per thousand people per year. Title: Switched at Birth (season 3) Passage: The third season of ABC Family drama television series Switched at Birth began on January 13, 2014, and will consist of 22 episodes. The season is produced by ABC Family, Pirates' Cove Entertainment, and Suzy B Productions, with Paul Stupin and series creator Lizzy Weiss serving as executive producers. Title: Republic of the Congo Passage: As of 2010, the maternal mortality rate was 560 deaths/100,000 live births, and the infant mortality rate was 59.34 deaths/1,000 live births. Female genital mutilation (FGM) is rare in the country, being confined to limited geographic areas of the country. Title: Mubarak Ghanim Passage: Mubarak Ghanim Mubarak (), (born 3 September 1963), is a footballer from UAE who played as a centre back for Al Khaleej Club in Sharjah, and the UAE national football team. He formed along with Khalil Ghanim a hard defence line for the UAE team during their careers. His injury during the preparation for the 1990 FIFA World Cup had denied from playing in the tournament. Title: Nikitaras Passage: The date and place of Nikitaras' birth are disputed, but he is thought to have been born either in the village of Nedoussa (Νέδουσα) in the Peloponnesian province of Messenia or in Leontari in Arcadia circa 1784. He was a nephew of Theodoros Kolokotronis, the most important Greek military leader of the Revolution. Turkish authorities tried to capture him, as well as Kolokotronis, but he escaped and joined his uncle in the British-held Ionian Islands. Title: Mali Passage: In 2007, about 48 percent of Malians were younger than 12 years old, 49 percent were 15–64 years old, and 3 percent were 65 and older. The median age was 15.9 years. The birth rate in 2014 is 45.53 births per 1,000, and the total fertility rate (in 2012) was 6.4 children per woman. The death rate in 2007 was 16.5 deaths per 1,000. Life expectancy at birth was 53.06 years total (51.43 for males and 54.73 for females). Mali has one of the world's highest rates of infant mortality, with 106 deaths per 1,000 live births in 2007. Title: Al-Qurain District Passage: Al-Qurain (Arabic: القرين) is a town in Kuwait in the Mubarak Al-Kabeer Governorate. The name is also an older name of the state of Kuwait. Title: Mid-twentieth century baby boom Passage: The end of World War II brought a baby boom to many countries, especially Western ones. There is some disagreement as to the precise beginning and ending dates of the post-war baby boom, but it is most often agreed to have begun in the years immediately after the war, though some place it earlier at the increase of births in 1941 - 1943. The boom started to decline as birth rates in the United States started to decline in 1958, though the boom would only grind to a halt 3 years later in 1961, 20 years after it began. Title: Gamal Abdel Nasser Passage: During Mubarak's presidency, Nasserist political parties began to emerge in Egypt, the first being the Arab Democratic Nasserist Party (ADNP). The party carried minor political influence, and splits between its members beginning in 1995 resulted in the gradual establishment of splinter parties, including Hamdeen Sabahi's 1997 founding of Al-Karama. Sabahi came in third place during the 2012 presidential election. Nasserist activists were among the founders of Kefaya, a major opposition force during Mubarak's rule. On 19 September 2012, four Nasserist parties (the ADNP, Karama, the National Conciliation Party, and the Popular Nasserist Congress Party) merged to form the United Nasserist Party. Title: This Is Us Passage: Most episodes feature a storyline taking place in the present (2016 -- 2018, contemporaneous with airing) and a storyline taking place at a set time in the past; but some episodes are set in one time period or use multiple flashback time periods. Flashbacks often focus on Jack and Rebecca c. 1980 both before and after their babies' birth, or on the family when the Big Three are children (at least ages 8 -- 10) or adolescents; these scenes usually take place in Pittsburgh, where the Big Three are born and raised. Various other time periods and locations have also served a settings. As adults, Kate lives in Los Angeles, Randall and his family are in New Jersey, and Kevin relocates from Los Angeles to New York City.	[ "Kuwait (Kanso series)", "Place des Martyres (paintings)", "Massouma al-Mubarak" ]
Since when has the SK8 developer remained profitable?	Steve Jobs' return	[ "Steve Jobs" ]	Title: Pub Passage: A "lock-in" is when a pub owner lets drinkers stay in the pub after the legal closing time, on the theory that once the doors are locked, it becomes a private party rather than a pub. Patrons may put money behind the bar before official closing time, and redeem their drinks during the lock-in so no drinks are technically sold after closing time. The origin of the British lock-in was a reaction to 1915 changes in the licensing laws in England and Wales, which curtailed opening hours to stop factory workers from turning up drunk and harming the war effort. Since 1915, the UK licensing laws had changed very little, with comparatively early closing times. The tradition of the lock-in therefore remained. Since the implementation of Licensing Act 2003, premises in England and Wales may apply to extend their opening hours beyond 11 pm, allowing round-the-clock drinking and removing much of the need for lock-ins. Since the smoking ban, some establishments operated a lock-in during which the remaining patrons could smoke without repercussions but, unlike drinking lock-ins, allowing smoking in a pub was still a prosecutable offence. Title: Get Out Passage: Get Out premiered at the Sundance Film Festival on January 24, 2017, and was theatrically released in the United States on February 24, 2017, by Universal Pictures. Critics praised its screenplay, direction, Kaluuya's performance, and satirical themes. It was chosen by the National Board of Review, the American Film Institute, and Time magazine as one of the top 10 films of the year. The film was also a box office success, grossing $255 million worldwide on a $4.5 million budget. It turned a net profit of $124 million, becoming the tenth most profitable film of 2017 and one of the most profitable horror films in recent years. Title: Aslan Passage: Aslan (/ ˈæsˌlæn / or / ˈæzˌlæn /) is a main character in C.S. Lewis's The Chronicles of Narnia series. He is ``the Great Lion ''of The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe and his role in Narnia is developed throughout the remaining Chronicles. Aslan is also the only character to appear in all seven books of the series. Aslan is Turkish for`` lion''. Lewis often capitalises the word lion in reference to Aslan since he represents Jesus Christ. Title: Alexandria Regional Center for Women's Health and Development Passage: Alexandria Regional Center for Women's Health and Development (formerly called The Suzanne Mubarak Regional Centre for Women's Health and Development) is a non-profit training and research center in Alexandria, Egypt. It is concerned with women's health and women's development in Egypt and its neighboring countries. The Centre was named after Suzanne Mubarak, wife of former Egyptian president Hosni Mubarak, who was interested in improving the physical and social well-being of women in Egypt. Title: Committee for Economic Development of Australia Passage: The Committee for Economic Development of Australia (CEDA) is a bipartisan, non-profit, national, independent, member-based organisation providing thought leadership and policy perspectives on the economic and social issues affecting Australia. Title: International Center for Research on Women Passage: The International Center for Research on Women (ICRW) is a non-profit organization headquartered in Washington, D.C., United States, with a regional office in New Delhi, India. ICRW has project offices in Mumbai and Hyderabad India, and is establishing a formal presence in East Africa. ICRW works to promote gender equitable development within the field of international development. Title: BFG Technologies Passage: On May 21, 2010, John Slevin the chairman of BFG Technologies, announced that they would no longer be developing graphics cards, as it was not profitable for them. Title: SK8 Passage: SK8 (pronounced "skate") was a multimedia authoring environment developed in Apple's Advanced Technology Group from 1988 until 1997. It was described as "HyperCard on steroids", combining a version of HyperCard's HyperTalk programming language with a modern object-oriented application platform. The project's goal was to allow creative designers to create a complex, stand-alone applications. The main components of SK8 included the object system, the programming language, the graphics and components libraries, and the Project Builder, an integrated development environment. Title: The Times Passage: The Times is the originator of the widely used Times Roman typeface, originally developed by Stanley Morison of The Times in collaboration with the Monotype Corporation for its legibility in low-tech printing. In November 2006 The Times began printing headlines in a new font, Times Modern. The Times was printed in broadsheet format for 219 years, but switched to compact size in 2004 in an attempt to appeal more to younger readers and commuters using public transport. The Sunday Times remains a broadsheet. Title: Health care in the United States Passage: As of 2018, there were 5,534 registered hospitals in the United States. There were 4,840 community hospitals, which are defined as nonfederal, short - term general, or specialty hospitals. The non-profit hospitals share of total hospital capacity has remained relatively stable (about 70%) for decades. There are also privately owned for - profit hospitals as well as government hospitals in some locations, mainly owned by county and city governments. The Hill - Burton Act was passed in 1946, which provided federal funding for hospitals in exchange for treating poor patients. Title: IHE Delft Institute for Water Education Passage: Since its inception in 1957, the Institute has provided postgraduate education to numerous professionals (engineers and scientists) almost entirely from developing/transitional countries, from over 190 countries. It has also graduated over 100 PhD candidates and executed numerous research and capacity development projects throughout the world. Many of the alumni have reached senior positions in their home countries upon return and remain key links in the global water network. Title: Accounting Standards Board (Canada) Passage: The Accounting Standards Board (AcSB) establishes accounting standards for use by private enterprises and private sector not - for - profit organizations. The AcSB contributes to the development of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRSs) by participating in consultations and activities of the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) to ensure Canadian publicly accountable entities' financial reporting needs are considered. The AcSB develops and participates in the development of high - quality financial reporting standards. Title: British Empire Passage: From its base in India, the Company had also been engaged in an increasingly profitable opium export trade to China since the 1730s. This trade, illegal since it was outlawed by the Qing dynasty in 1729, helped reverse the trade imbalances resulting from the British imports of tea, which saw large outflows of silver from Britain to China. In 1839, the confiscation by the Chinese authorities at Canton of 20,000 chests of opium led Britain to attack China in the First Opium War, and resulted in the seizure by Britain of Hong Kong Island, at that time a minor settlement. Title: Mitchell family Passage: The Mitchell family is a fictional family in the BBC soap opera EastEnders. They were first introduced in 1990, when brothers Phil (Steve McFadden) and Grant Mitchell (Ross Kemp) bought the local garage, the Arches. Since then, they have been developed significantly to include both the immediate and extended families of these characters. McFadden remains as the longest running Mitchell in the show currently, but the family has expanded significantly in the years since, and they still remain a large presence on the square. Title: Big Brothers Big Sisters of Canada Passage: Big Brothers Big Sisters is a non-profit federation with a focus on mentoring programs for youth since 1912. The Big Brothers Big Sisters movement in Canada impacts over 40,000 youth in over 1,100 Canadian communities. Title: Giuseppe Motta Medal Passage: Giuseppe Motta Medal is presented annually since 2004 by the Geneva Institute for Democracy and Development to the people from any country or region of the world for exceptional achievement in the promotion of peace and democracy, human rights and sustainable development. The prize commemorates Giuseppe Motta (1871–1940), a Swiss politician, five-time President of the Swiss Confederation, President of the League of Nations Assembly and member of the Swiss Federal Council. Title: Alexander Graham Bell Passage: In 1875, Bell developed an acoustic telegraph and drew up a patent application for it. Since he had agreed to share U.S. profits with his investors Gardiner Hubbard and Thomas Sanders, Bell requested that an associate in Ontario, George Brown, attempt to patent it in Britain, instructing his lawyers to apply for a patent in the U.S. only after they received word from Britain (Britain would issue patents only for discoveries not previously patented elsewhere). Title: Wood Passage: During the development of a tree, the lower limbs often die, but may remain attached for a time, sometimes years. Subsequent layers of growth of the attaching stem are no longer intimately joined with the dead limb, but are grown around it. Hence, dead branches produce knots which are not attached, and likely to drop out after the tree has been sawn into boards. Title: Macintosh Passage: By March 2011, the market share of OS X in North America had increased to slightly over 14%. Whether the size of the Mac's market share and installed base is relevant, and to whom, is a hotly debated issue. Industry pundits have often called attention to the Mac's relatively small market share to predict Apple's impending doom, particularly in the early and mid-1990s when the company's future seemed bleakest. Others argue that market share is the wrong way to judge the Mac's success. Apple has positioned the Mac as a higher-end personal computer, and so it may be misleading to compare it to a budget PC. Because the overall market for personal computers has grown rapidly, the Mac's increasing sales numbers are effectively swamped by the industry's expanding sales volume as a whole. Apple's small market share, then, gives the impression that fewer people are using Macs than did ten years ago, when exactly the opposite is true. Soaring sales of the iPhone and iPad mean that the portion of Apple's profits represented by the Macintosh has declined in 2010, dropping to 24% from 46% two years earlier. Others try to de-emphasize market share, citing that it is rarely brought up in other industries. Regardless of the Mac's market share, Apple has remained profitable since Steve Jobs' return and the company's subsequent reorganization. Notably, a report published in the first quarter of 2008 found that Apple had a 14% market share in the personal computer market in the US, including 66% of all computers over $1,000. Market research indicates that Apple draws its customer base from a higher-income demographic than the mainstream personal computer market. Title: Annals of Public and Cooperative Economics Passage: Annals of Public and Cooperative Economics is a quarterly academic journal published by Wiley-Blackwell on behalf of the International Centre of Research and Information on the Public, Social and Cooperatuve Economy (CIRIEC). The journal was established in 1925. The journal publishes papers on theoretical and empirical developments in public, cooperative or non-profit economics as well as literature reviews in this field. "Annals of Public and Cooperative Economics" covers the fields of microfinance, mutual and cooperative societies, networks industries, nonprofit organizations, profit sharing, public and mixed enterprises and regulated private enterprises.	[ "Macintosh", "SK8" ]
What is the capital of the county that contains Walnut Grove, in the state where the town of Keister is located?	Redwood Falls	[ "Redwood Falls, Minnesota" ]	Title: Minnesota Junction, Wisconsin Passage: Minnesota Junction is an unincorporated community located, in the town of Oak Grove, in Dodge County, Wisconsin, United States. Minnesota Junction is located on Wisconsin Highway 26. It is located at latitude 43.452 and longitude -88.697 at 925 feet above mean sea level. Title: Goodings Grove, Illinois Passage: Goodings Grove was a census-designated place in northern Will County, Illinois, United States. The population was 17,084 at the 2000 census. It ceased to exist as an entity upon the incorporation of the village of Homer Glen, Illinois in 2001. Title: Mount Franklin (Australian Capital Territory) Passage: Mount Franklin is a mountain with an elevation of in the Brindabella Ranges that is located on the border between the Australian Capital Territory and New South Wales, Australia. The summit of the mountain is located in the Australian Capital Territory. Title: States of Germany Passage: Local associations of a special kind are an amalgamation of one or more Landkreise with one or more Kreisfreie Städte to form a replacement of the aforementioned administrative entities at the district level. They are intended to implement simplification of administration at that level. Typically, a district-free city or town and its urban hinterland are grouped into such an association, or Kommunalverband besonderer Art. Such an organization requires the issuing of special laws by the governing state, since they are not covered by the normal administrative structure of the respective states. Title: Oak Grove, Barron County, Wisconsin Passage: Oak Grove is a town in Barron County in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. The population was 948 at the 2010 census. The unincorporated communities of Brill and Tuscobia are located in the town. The unincorporated community of Dobie is also located partially in the town. Title: Walnut Grove, Minnesota Passage: Walnut Grove is a city in Redwood County, Minnesota, United States. The population was 871 at the 2010 census. Another name formerly associated with the area is Walnut Station. Title: Wardville, Oklahoma Passage: Wardville is a small unincorporated community in northern Atoka County, Oklahoma, United States, along State Highway 131 14 miles northeast of Coalgate, Oklahoma. The post office was established February 6, 1902 under the name Herbert, Oklahoma. Herbert was located in Atoka County, Choctaw Nation, a territorial-era entity which included portions of today's Atoka, Coal, Hughes and Pittsburg counties. The town was named after Herbert Ward, who was the youngest son of the towns first postmaster, Henry Pleasant Ward. The name of the town was changed to Wardville on July 18, 1907. Wardville was named for the before mentioned Henry Pleasant Ward, who served in the territorial House of Representatives and Senate and was an Atoka County judge. The Wardville Post Office closed in 2007. Title: Darien (town), Wisconsin Passage: Darien is a town in Walworth County, Wisconsin, United States. The population was 1,747 at the 2000 census. The Village of Darien is located within the town. The unincorporated community of Bardwell is located in the town. The unincorporated communities of Allen's Grove and Fairfax are also located partially in the town. Title: Grove High School Passage: Grove High School is a public high school in the town of Grove, Oklahoma, United States. It is one of four schools in a school district that includes Grove Lower Elementary School, Grove Upper Elementary School and Grove Middle School. Title: Hoxie, Arkansas Passage: Hoxie is a town in Lawrence County, Arkansas, United States. It lies immediately south of Walnut Ridge. The population was 2,780 at the 2010 census. Title: Redwood County Poor Farm Passage: The Redwood County Poor Farm (or Poorhouse) was a county run institution serving impoverished and aged people in Redwood Falls, Minnesota, United States, from 1884 to 1889 and again from 1909 to 1967, when it was converted to a nursing home. Title: Tatra County Passage: Tatra County () is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Lesser Poland Voivodeship, southern Poland, on the Slovak border. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and only town is Zakopane, which lies south of the regional capital Kraków. The county takes its name from the Tatra mountain range, which covers most of its territory. Title: Walnut Grove, Minnesota Passage: Walnut Grove, Minnesota City U.S. Post Office, First State Bank Building, and water tower in Walnut Grove Location of Walnut Grove, Minnesota Coordinates: 44 ° 13 ′ 25 ''N 95 ° 28 ′ 8'' W / 44.22361 ° N 95.46889 ° W / 44.22361; - 95.46889 Coordinates: 44 ° 13 ′ 25 ''N 95 ° 28 ′ 8'' W / 44.22361 ° N 95.46889 ° W / 44.22361; - 95.46889 Country United States State Minnesota County Redwood Founded 1874 Incorporated 1879 Area Total 1.06 sq mi (2.75 km) Land 1.06 sq mi (2.75 km) Water 0 sq mi (0 km) Elevation 1,217 ft (371 m) Population (2010) Total 871 Estimate (2016) 813 Density 820 / sq mi (320 / km) Time zone Central (CST) (UTC - 6) Summer (DST) CDT (UTC - 5) ZIP code 56180 Area code (s) 507 FIPS code 27 - 67846 GNIS feature ID 0653743 Title: Bageshwar Passage: Bageshwar is a town and a municipal board in Bageshwar district in the state of Uttarakhand, India. It is located at a distance of 470 km from the National Capital New Delhi and 332 km from the State Capital Dehradun. Bageshwar is known for its scenic beauty, Glaciers, Rivers and Temples. It is also the administrative headquarters of Bageshwar district. Title: Kickapoo, Wisconsin Passage: Kickapoo is a town in Vernon County, Wisconsin, United States. The population was 566 at the 2000 census. The unincorporated communities of Kickapoo Center and Sugar Grove are located in the town. Title: Kiester, Minnesota Passage: Kiester, Minnesota City Motto (s): ``The Best Is Yet To Be ''Location of Kiester, Minnesota Coordinates: 43 ° 32 ′ 15'' N 93 ° 42 ′ 42 ''W / 43.53750 ° N 93.71167 ° W / 43.53750; - 93.71167 Country United States State Minnesota County Faribault Government Type Mayor - Council Mayor Jeanne Brooks Area Total 0.44 sq mi (1.14 km) Land 0.44 sq mi (1.14 km) Water 0 sq mi (0 km) Elevation 1,253 ft (382 m) Population (2010) Total 501 Estimate (2016) 473 Density 1,100 / sq mi (440 / km) Time zone Central (CST) (UTC - 6) Summer (DST) CDT (UTC - 5) ZIP code 56051 Area code (s) 507 Exchange: 294 FIPS code 27 - 33056 GNIS feature ID 0646138 Website cityofkiester.com Title: Colorado Territory Passage: Colorado Territory was officially organized by Act of Congress on February 28, 1861, out of lands previously part of the Kansas, Nebraska, Utah, and New Mexico territories. Technically the territory was open to slavery under the Dred Scott Decision of 1857, but the question was rendered moot by the impending American Civil War and the majority pro-Union sentiment in the territory. The name "Colorado" was chosen for the territory. It had been previously suggested in 1850 by Senator Henry S. Foote as a name for a state to have been created out of present-day California south of 35° 45'. To the dismay of Denverites, the town of Colorado City was designated the first territorial capital, quickly succeeded by Golden. Denver eventually became the temporary territorial capital, but was not designated the permanent capital until 1881, five years after Colorado became a state. Title: Ghalanai Passage: Ghalanai () is a town in the former Federally Administered Tribal Areas of Pakistan. It is located at 34°19'16N 71°24'0E with an altitude of 651 metres (2139 feet). It is currently the administrative capital and main town of the Mohmand Agency Title: Walnut Grove, Washington Passage: Walnut Grove is a census-designated place (CDP) in Clark County, Washington, United States. The population was 9,790 at the 2010 census, up from 7,164 at the 2000 census. Title: Walnut Shade, Missouri Passage: Walnut Shade is an unincorporated community in Taney County, Missouri, United States. It is located approximately six miles northwest of Forsyth on U.S. Route 160. The town sits at the confluence of Bull and Bear Creeks. Walnut Shade is part of the Branson, Missouri Micropolitan Statistical Area.	[ "Walnut Grove, Minnesota", "Redwood County Poor Farm", "Kiester, Minnesota" ]
When ordering Indian states by population what position is Chatra Lok Sabha constituency's state?	14th	[]	Title: Khammam (Lok Sabha constituency) Passage: Khammam Lok Sabha constituency is one of the 17 Lok Sabha (Lower House of the Parliament) constituencies in Telangana state in southern India. Title: Godda (Lok Sabha constituency) Passage: Godda Lok Sabha constituency is one of the 14 Lok Sabha (parliamentary) constituencies in Jharkhand state in eastern India. This constituency covers the entire Godda district and parts of Deoghar and Dumka districts. Title: Betul (Lok Sabha constituency) Passage: Betul Lok Sabha constituency () is one of the 29 Lok Sabha constituencies in Madhya Pradesh state in central India. This constituency is reserved for the candidates belonging to the Scheduled Tribes. It covers the entire Betul and Harda districts and part of Khandwa district. Title: Kodarma (Lok Sabha constituency) Passage: Kodarma Lok Sabha constituency is one of the 14 Lok Sabha (parliamentary) constituencies in Jharkhand state in eastern India. This constituency covers the entire Koderma district and parts of Hazaribagh and Giridih districts. Title: Muthialpet (Union Territory Assembly constituency) Passage: Muthialpet is a legislative assembly constituency in the Union territory of Puducherry in India. This constituency covers the area under wards 1–4 and 6–8 of Puducherry Municipality. Muthialpet assembly constituency is a part of Puducherry (Lok Sabha constituency). Title: Jamui (Lok Sabha constituency) Passage: Jamui Lok Sabha constituency is one of the 40 Lok Sabha (parliamentary) constituencies in Bihar state in eastern India. This constituency again came into existence in 2008 as a part of the implementation of delimitation of parliamentary constituencies based on the recommendations of the Delimitation Commission of India constituted in 2002. Title: Valsad (Lok Sabha constituency) Passage: Valsad Lok Sabha constituency (formerly Bulsar Lok Sabha constituency) () is one of the 26 Lok Sabha (parliamentary) constituencies in Gujarat state in western India. This seat is considered a bellwether seat in India. It is believed that the party which wins this seat will form the central government. Title: Buldhana (Lok Sabha constituency) Passage: Buldhana Lok Sabha constituency (formerly, Buldana Lok Sabha constituency) is one of the 48 Lok Sabha (parliamentary) constituencies of Maharashtra state in western India. This constituency largely represents Buldhana district in the Lok Sabha of Indian parliament, except Malkapur (Assembly constituency), which is part of Raver (Lok Sabha constituency) from Jalgaon district of Khandesh region. Title: Bargarh (Lok Sabha constituency) Passage: Bargarh Lok Sabha constituency is one of the 21 Lok Sabha parliamentary constituencies in Odisha state in eastern India. This constituency came into existence in 2008 as a part of the implementation of delimitation of parliamentary constituencies based on the recommendations of the Delimitation Commission of India in 2002. Title: Jharkhand Passage: Jharkhand State of India Seal Location of Jharkhand Map of Jharkhand Coordinates (Ranchi): 23 ° 21 ′ N 85 ° 20 ′ E / 23.35 ° N 85.33 ° E / 23.35; 85.33 Coordinates: 23 ° 21 ′ N 85 ° 20 ′ E / 23.35 ° N 85.33 ° E / 23.35; 85.33 Country India Region East India Formation 15 November 2000 Capital Ranchi Districts 24 Government Governor Draupadi Murmu Chief Minister Raghubar Das (BJP) Legislature Unicameral (81 seats) Parliamentary constituency 14 High Court Jharkhand High Court Area Total 79,714 km (30,778 sq mi) Area rank 16th Population (2011) Total 32,988,134 Rank 14th Density 414 / km (1,070 / sq mi) Time zone IST (UTC + 05: 30) ISO 3166 code IN - JH HDI 0.376 (low) HDI rank 19th (2007 - 08) Literacy 67.6% (25th) Official language Hindi Additional official language Urdu Website www.jharkhand.gov.in Formed by the Bihar Reorganisation Act, 2000 Title: Gondia (Lok Sabha constituency) Passage: Gondia Lok Sabha constituency was a Lok Sabha (Parliamentary) constituency of Maharashtra state in western India. This constituency was in existence during Lok Sabha elections of 1962 for the 3rd Lok Sabha. It was abolished from next 1967 Lok Sabha elections. It was reserved for Scheduled Caste candidate. Title: Misrikh (Lok Sabha constituency) Passage: Misrikh Lok Sabha constituency is one of the 80 Lok Sabha (parliamentary) constituencies in Uttar Pradesh state in northern India. Title: Anantnag (Lok Sabha constituency) Passage: Anantnag Lok Sabha constituency is one of the six Lok Sabha (parliamentary) constituencies in Jammu & Kashmir state in northern India. Title: Yavatmal (Lok Sabha constituency) Passage: Yavatmal Lok Sabha constituency ( formerly known as Yeotmal Lok Sabha constituency ) is one of the 48 Lok Sabha (parliamentary) constituencies of Maharashtra state in western India. This constituency is spread over Yavatmal and Chandrapur districts Title: Sivakasi (Lok Sabha constituency) Passage: Sivakasi was a Lok Sabha constituency in India which existed until the 2004 Lok sabha elections. It was converted into Virudhunagar constituency after delimitation in 2008. Title: Chatra (Lok Sabha constituency) Passage: Chatra Lok Sabha constituency () is one of the 14 Lok Sabha (parliamentary) constituencies in Jharkhand state in eastern India. It covers the entire Chatra and Latehar districts and part of Palamu district Title: Dhanbad (Lok Sabha constituency) Passage: Dhanbad Lok Sabha constituency is one of the 14 Lok Sabha (parliamentary) constituencies in Jharkhand state in eastern India. This constituency covers parts of Bokaro and Dhanbad districts. Title: Ladakh (Lok Sabha constituency) Passage: Ladakh Lok Sabha constituency is one of the six Lok Sabha (parliamentary) constituencies in Jammu and Kashmir state in northern India. Ladakh lok Sabha constituency is the largest Lok Sabha constituency in India in terms of area with a total area of 173266.37 km. The number of electors (voters) in Ladakh (Lok Sabha constituency) is 1.59 lakhs. Title: Maddi Sudarsanam Passage: He was elected to the 4th Lok Sabha and 5th Lok Sabha from Narasaraopet (Lok Sabha constituency) in 1967 and 1971 respectively as a member of Indian National Congress. Title: Anandrao Vithoba Adsul Passage: He had represented the Amravati constituency in 15th Lok Sabha and Buldhana constituency of Maharashtra in the 14th Lok Sabha, 13th Lok Sabha and 11th Lok Sabha.	[ "Chatra (Lok Sabha constituency)", "Jharkhand" ]
What hurricane hit the country in which Rafael Ramos holds citizenship?	Hurricane Maria	[]	Title: Timeline of the 2010 Atlantic hurricane season Passage: The 2010 Atlantic hurricane season was one of the most active Atlantic hurricane seasons since records began in 1851 in which nineteen named storms formed. It was also considered the most active season according to the count of Category 2 hurricanes. The season officially began on June 1 (with Hurricane Alex, the first hurricane of the season forming on June 15) and ended on November 30, dates that conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical cyclones develop in the Atlantic basin. The season's final storm, Hurricane Tomas, dissipated on November 7. Title: Hurricane Maria Passage: Hurricane Maria is regarded as being the worst natural disaster on record to affect Dominica and Puerto Rico, and is also the deadliest Atlantic hurricane since Hurricane Jeanne in 2004. The tenth-most intense Atlantic hurricane on record and the most intense tropical cyclone worldwide in 2017, Maria was the thirteenth named storm, eighth consecutive hurricane, fourth major hurricane, second Category 5 hurricane, and the deadliest storm of the hyperactive 2017 Atlantic hurricane season. At its peak, the hurricane caused catastrophic damage and numerous fatalities across the northeastern Caribbean, compounding recovery efforts in the areas of the Leeward Islands already struck by Hurricane Irma. Total losses from the hurricane are estimated at upwards of $91.61 billion (2017 USD), mostly in Puerto Rico, ranking it as the third - costliest tropical cyclone on record. Title: Ramos Maxanches Passage: Ramos Saozinho Ribeiro Maxanches (born 12 April 1994), also known as Ramos Maxanches, is a football player who currently plays as goalkeeper for Timor-Leste national football team. Title: Hurricane Mitch Victims National Monument Passage: Hurricane Mitch Victims National Monument is a national monument in Nicaragua. It is one of the 78 protected areas which are officially under protection in the country. Title: List of Florida hurricanes (2000–present) Passage: September 10 -- 11 - Hurricane Irma makes landfall on Cudjoe Key as a Category 4 hurricane with sustained winds of 130 mph (215 km / h), then makes a second landfall on Marco Island with winds of 115 mph (185 km / h). It is the strongest hurricane in terms of windspeed to hit the state since Charley in 2004, and the most intense in terms of pressure since Andrew in 1992. Irma has killed at least 82 people in the state. Title: General Rafael Urdaneta Bridge Passage: The General En Jefe Rafael Urdaneta Bridge is located at the Tablazo Strait outlet of Lake Maracaibo, in western Venezuela. The bridge connects Maracaibo with much of the rest of the country. It is named after General Rafael Urdaneta, a Venezuelan hero of Independence. Title: Hurricane Irma Passage: Hurricane Irma was an extremely powerful and catastrophic Cape Verde - type hurricane, the strongest observed in the Atlantic in terms of maximum sustained winds since Wilma and the strongest storm on record to exist in the open Atlantic region. It was the first Category 5 hurricane to strike the Leeward Islands on record, followed by Hurricane Maria two weeks later, and is the second - costliest Caribbean hurricane on record, after Maria. The ninth named storm, fourth hurricane, second major hurricane, and first Category 5 hurricane of the 2017 Atlantic hurricane season, Irma caused widespread and catastrophic damage throughout its long lifetime, particularly in parts of the northeastern Caribbean and the Florida Keys. It was also the most intense Atlantic hurricane to strike the continental United States since Katrina in 2005, the first major hurricane to make landfall in Florida since Wilma in the same year and the first category 4 hurricane to landfall in the state since Charley in 2004. Title: Hurricane Tomas Passage: Hurricane Tomas was the latest recorded tropical cyclone on a calendar year to strike the Windward Islands. The nineteenth named storm and twelfth hurricane of the 2010 Atlantic hurricane season, Tomas developed from a tropical wave east of the Windward Islands on October 29. Quickly intensifying into a hurricane, it moved through the Windward Islands and passed over Saint Lucia. After reaching Category 2 status on the Saffir - Simpson scale, Tomas quickly weakened to a tropical storm in the central Caribbean Sea, due to strong wind shear and dry air. Tomas later regained hurricane status as it reorganized near the Windward passage. Title: Hurricane Sandy Passage: Sandy developed from a tropical wave in the western Caribbean Sea on October 22, quickly strengthened, and was upgraded to Tropical Storm Sandy six hours later. Sandy moved slowly northward toward the Greater Antilles and gradually intensified. On October 24, Sandy became a hurricane, made landfall near Kingston, Jamaica, re-emerged a few hours later into the Caribbean Sea and strengthened into a Category 2 hurricane. On October 25, Sandy hit Cuba as a Category 3 hurricane, then weakened to a Category 1 hurricane. Early on October 26, Sandy moved through the Bahamas. On October 27, Sandy briefly weakened to a tropical storm and then restrengthened to a Category 1 hurricane. Early on October 29, Sandy curved west - northwest (the ``left turn ''or`` left hook'') and then moved ashore near Brigantine, New Jersey, just to the northeast of Atlantic City, as a post-tropical cyclone with hurricane - force winds. Title: List of Texas hurricanes (1980–present) Passage: August 25 -- 28, 2017 -- Hurricane Harvey hit the coast near Rockport as a Category 4 hurricane, producing extreme and unprecedented amounts of rainfall in the Houston Metropolitan area. It is the costliest hurricane worldwide with $198.6 billion in damages. Title: 1921 Tampa Bay hurricane Passage: The Tampa Bay hurricane of 1921 (also known as the 1921 Tarpon Springs hurricane) is the most recent major hurricane to strike the Tampa Bay Area. The eleventh tropical cyclone, sixth tropical storm, and fifth hurricane of the season, the storm developed from a trough in the southwestern Caribbean Sea on October 20. Initially a tropical storm, the system moved northwestward and intensified into a hurricane on October 22 and a major hurricane by October 23. Later that day, the cyclone peaked as a Category 4 on the modern day Saffir -- Simpson scale with maximum sustained winds of 140 mph (220 km / h). After entering the Gulf of Mexico, the hurricane gradually curved northeastward and weakened to a Category 3 before making landfall near Tarpon Springs, Florida, late on October 25, becoming the first major hurricane to hit the area since a hurricane in 1848. The storm quickly weakened to a Category 1 hurricane while crossing Central Florida, before reaching the Atlantic Ocean early on the following day. Thereafter, system moved east - southeastward and remained fairly steady in intensity before weakening to a tropical storm late on October 29. The storm was then absorbed by a larger extratropical cyclone early the next day, with the remnants of the hurricane soon becoming indistinguishable. Title: Hurricane Deck, Missouri Passage: Hurricane Deck is an unincorporated community in Camden County, Missouri, United States, on the Lake of the Ozarks. It is part of the lake's resort area, and according to one source is named for a tornado which struck the area, tornadoes once being called "hurricanes" locally. Title: Rafael Ramos (boxer) Passage: Rafael "Fito" Ramos (born January 1, 1965) is a retired boxer from Puerto Rico. He competed in the 1984 Summer Olympics and twice won a medal (gold and bronze) at the Pan American Games during his career. Title: Márcio Wenceslau Passage: At the 2008 Summer Olympics, Wenceslau defeated Iran's Reza Naderian by hitting a frontal blow in the first preliminary round match, with a score of 2–1. He reached the quarterfinal round, before losing to world champion Juan Antonio Ramos of Spain, by a defensive kick in the first two periods, with a decisive score of 2–3. Title: List of Florida hurricanes Passage: The List of Florida hurricanes encompasses approximately 500 tropical or subtropical cyclones that affected the state of Florida. More storms hit Florida than any other U.S. state, and since 1851 only eighteen hurricane seasons passed without a known storm impacting the state. Collectively, cyclones that hit the region have resulted in over 10,000 deaths, most of which occurring prior to the start of Hurricane Hunters flights in 1943. Additionally, the cumulative impact from the storms totaled over $141 billion in damage (2017 USD), primarily from Hurricane Andrew and hurricanes in the 2004 and 2005 seasons. Title: Iván (singer) Passage: Iván, the stage name of Juan Carlos Ramos Vaquero, is a Spanish pop singer. He was discovered by CBS producer Oscar Gómez, and recorded a self-titled album "Iván". His first single was "Sin amor" (""Without love"") from 1979. In the 1980s he sold over 5 million albums. He recorded a number of songs with José Luis Perales. He had hit songs in Mexico, Colombia, Ecuador and Chile before his career was interrupted by his compulsory military service. He released the album "Fotonovela" in 2012, which included a remake of his song of the same name. Title: 1988 Atlantic hurricane season Passage: Forecasts of hurricane activity are issued before each hurricane season by noted hurricane experts such as Dr. William M. Gray and his associates at Colorado State University. A normal season as defined by NOAA has six to fourteen named storms of which four to eight reach hurricane strength and one to three become major hurricanes. The June 1988 forecast was that eleven storms would form and that seven would reach hurricane status. The forecast did not specify how many hurricanes would reach major hurricane status. Title: It's Such a Pretty World Today Passage: The song was originally a country music single by singer Wynn Stewart. Although Stewart had previously hit the Top 40 on the Billboard US country chart with songs such as ``Wishful Thinking ''in 1960,`` It's Such a Pretty World Today'' was Stewart's highest charting hit, peaking at No. 1 on the country music chart for two weeks in the late spring of 1967. It was released as a single from his album of the same name that year. Title: Myanmar Passage: The Rohingya people have consistently faced human rights abuses by the Burmese regime that has refused to acknowledge them as Burmese citizens (despite some of them having lived in Burma for over three generations)—the Rohingya have been denied Burmese citizenship since the enactment of a 1982 citizenship law. The law created three categories of citizenship: citizenship, associate citizenship, and naturalised citizenship. Citizenship is given to those who belong to one of the national races such as Kachin, Kayah (Karenni), Karen, Chin, Burman, Mon, Rakhine, Shan, Kaman, or Zerbadee. Associate citizenship is given to those who cannot prove their ancestors settled in Myanmar before 1823, but can prove they have one grandparent, or pre-1823 ancestor, who was a citizen of another country, as well as people who applied for citizenship in 1948 and qualified then by those laws. Naturalized citizenship is only given to those who have at least one parent with one of these types of Burmese citizenship or can provide "conclusive evidence" that their parents entered and resided in Burma prior to independence in 1948. The Burmese regime has attempted to forcibly expel Rohingya and bring in non-Rohingyas to replace them—this policy has resulted in the expulsion of approximately half of the 800,000 Rohingya from Burma, while the Rohingya people have been described as "among the world's least wanted" and "one of the world's most persecuted minorities." But the origin of ‘most persecuted minority’ statement is unclear. Title: North Carolina Passage: Severe weather occurs regularly in North Carolina. On the average, a hurricane hits the state once a decade. Destructive hurricanes that have struck the state include Hurricane Fran, Hurricane Floyd, and Hurricane Hazel, the strongest storm to make landfall in the state, as a Category 4 in 1954. Hurricane Isabel stands out as the most damaging of the 21st century. Tropical storms arrive every 3 or 4 years. In addition, many hurricanes and tropical storms graze the state. In some years, several hurricanes or tropical storms can directly strike the state or brush across the coastal areas. Only Florida and Louisiana are hit by hurricanes more often. Although many people believe that hurricanes menace only coastal areas, the rare hurricane which moves inland quickly enough can cause severe damage; for example, in 1989, Hurricane Hugo caused heavy damage in Charlotte and even as far inland as the Blue Ridge Mountains in the northwestern part of the state. On the average, North Carolina has 50 days of thunderstorm activity per year, with some storms becoming severe enough to produce hail, flash floods, and damaging winds.	[ "Rafael Ramos (boxer)", "Hurricane Maria" ]
How many creature species inhabit the lagoon in the place with the only Reformed church?	607	[]	Title: Karachaus Lagoon Passage: Karachaus Lagoon (, ) is a salty lagoon in the Tuzly Lagoons group in Tatarbunary Raion of Odessa Oblast, Ukraine. It was a part of the Alibey Lagoon in past, locating in its south-west part, near the Village of Roylianka. Now it is separated from the Alibey Lagoon by the sandbar. The total area of the lagoon - 7.6 km². Title: Protestantism Passage: Several countries have established their national churches, linking the ecclesiastical structure with the state. Jurisdictions where a Protestant denomination has been established as a state religion include several Nordic countries; Denmark (including Greenland), the Faroe Islands (its church being independent since 2007), Iceland and Norway have established Evangelical Lutheran churches. Tuvalu has the only established church in Reformed tradition in the world, while Tonga—in the Methodist tradition. The Church of England is the officially established religious institution in England, and also the Mother Church of the worldwide Anglican Communion. Title: Tuvalu Passage: Funafuti is the largest atoll of the nine low reef islands and atolls that form the Tuvalu volcanic island chain. It comprises numerous islets around a central lagoon that is approximately 25.1 kilometres (15.6 miles) (N–S) by 18.4 kilometres (11.4 miles) (W-E), centred on 179°7'E and 8°30'S. On the atolls, an annular reef rim surrounds the lagoon with several natural reef channels. Surveys were carried out in May 2010 of the reef habitats of Nanumea, Nukulaelae and Funafuti and a total of 317 fish species were recorded during this Tuvalu Marine Life study. The surveys identified 66 species that had not previously been recorded in Tuvalu, which brings the total number of identified species to 607. Title: Flatlands Dutch Reformed Church Passage: Flatlands Dutch Reformed Church, also known as Flatlands Reformed Church, is a historic Dutch Reformed church at Kings Highway and East 40th Street in the Flatlands neighborhood of Brooklyn, New York. The complex consists of the church, administration building, and cemetery. The congregation was founded in 1654. The church was built in 1848 in the Greek Revival style. The Greek Revival administration building was constructed in 1904; it was enlarged in the 1920s. The cemetery contains about 1,500 burials dating to 1660. Title: Protestantism Passage: Contrary to how the Protestant Reformers were often characterized, the concept of a catholic or universal Church was not brushed aside during the Protestant Reformation. On the contrary, the visible unity of the catholic or universal church was seen by the Protestant reformers as an important and essential doctrine of the Reformation. The Magisterial reformers, such as Martin Luther, John Calvin, and Huldrych Zwingli, believed that they were reforming the Roman Catholic Church, which they viewed as having become corrupted. Each of them took very seriously the charges of schism and innovation, denying these charges and maintaining that it was the Roman Catholic Church that had left them. In order to justify their departure from the Roman Catholic Church, Protestants often posited a new argument, saying that there was no real visible Church with divine authority, only a spiritual, invisible, and hidden church—this notion began in the early days of the Protestant Reformation. Title: Lick Run (Roaring Creek tributary) Passage: Lick Run is a small tributary of Roaring Creek in Columbia County, Pennsylvania, in the United States. It is approximately long. It is entirely in Locust Township. Its watershed has an area of 5.97 square miles. It is designated as a coldwater fishery and Class A Wild Trout Waters. Brown trout inhabit it, as to 14 other fish species. Numerous species of macroinvertebrate also inhabit the stream. Title: Belleville Dutch Reformed Church Passage: The Belleville Dutch Reformed Church, listed on the National Register of Historic Places as Reformed Dutch Church of Second River, is a historic church located in Belleville, Essex County, New Jersey, United States. Founded as a Dutch Reformed church in 1697, it is named after the Second River, which is a tributary of the Passaic River. The church was rebuilt in 1725 and again in 1807. The church steeple was used as an observation post during the American Revolution. Over 62 Revolutionary soldiers are buried in the adjacent graveyard. The current church building was built in 1853. Title: Presbyterianism Passage: Other Presbyterian bodies in the United States include the Reformed Presbyterian Church of North America (RPCNA), the Associate Reformed Presbyterian Church (ARP), the Reformed Presbyterian Church in the United States (RPCUS), the Reformed Presbyterian Church General Assembly, the Reformed Presbyterian Church – Hanover Presbytery, the Covenant Presbyterian Church, the Presbyterian Reformed Church, the Westminster Presbyterian Church in the United States, the Korean American Presbyterian Church, and the Free Presbyterian Church of North America. Title: List of recurring The Mighty Boosh characters Passage: Appears in ``Tundra ''. An evil creature who inhabits the Arctic. Is presumably killed, or knocked unconscious by the polar bear befriended by Vince. Releases freezing blasts from his codpiece. Played by Dave Brown. Title: Khadzhyder Lagoon Passage: Khadzhyder Lagoon (, ) is a salty lagoon in the Tuzly Lagoons group in Tatarbunary Raion of Odessa Oblast, Ukraine. It is separated from the Alibey by a sandbar. Two river, Khadzhyder River and Hlyboka River, inflow into the lagoon. The last one inflows west to the village Bezymyanka, it has a length 24 km, watershed area 80.3 km². The lagoon has a 4 km length and 2.5 km width. Two villages, Lyman and Bezymyanka, are located on the coast of the lagoon. Title: Greenpoint Reformed Church Passage: Greenpoint Church is a Reformed Church in America and United Church of Christ church at 136 Milton Street in the Greenpoint neighborhood of Brooklyn, New York. As of March 2012, it had a congregation of 80 people. Title: Protestantism Passage: In Congregational and Presbyterian churches which profess a traditionally Calvinist or Reformed theology there are differing views regarding present-day continuation or cessation of the gifts (charismata) of the Spirit. Generally, however, Reformed charismatics distance themselves from renewal movements with tendencies which could be perceived as overemotional, such as Word of Faith, Toronto Blessing, Brownsville Revival and Lakeland Revival. Prominent Reformed charismatic denominations are the Sovereign Grace Churches and the Every Nation Churches in the USA, in Great Britain there is the Newfrontiers churches and movement, which leading figure is Terry Virgo. Title: Creature from the Black Lagoon Passage: Creature from the Black Lagoon is a 1954 American black-and-white 3D monster horror film from Universal-International, produced by William Alland, directed by Jack Arnold, that stars Richard Carlson, Julia Adams, Richard Denning, Antonio Moreno and Whit Bissell. The Creature was played by Ben Chapman on land and by Ricou Browning underwater. The film premiered in Detroit on February 12 and was released on a regional basis, opening on various dates. Title: High Bridge Reformed Church Passage: High Bridge Reformed Church is a historic church at Church Street and County Route 513 in High Bridge, Hunterdon County, New Jersey, United States. Title: Protestantism in Tuvalu Passage: Protestants in Tuvalu- Tuvalu is one of the most heavily Protestant nations in the world. The Congregational Christian Church of Tuvalu, (Tuvaluan: Te Ekalesia Kelisiano Tuvalu, EKT), is the de facto state church of Tuvalu, the only established church in the Reformed tradition in the world. Its adherents comprise about 97% of the 12,000 inhabitants of the archipelago, and theologicly it is part of the Reformed tradition. Title: First Christian Reformed Church of Toronto Passage: The First Christian Reformed Church of Toronto is a congregation of the Christian Reformed Church in North America in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. It is one of the more liberal churches in its classis and the denomination. It was the first CRC parish to call a woman minister and declared itself open to gays and lesbians in committed relationships serving as deacons and elders. This was later rescinded in the face of pressure from the Toronto Classis (the leaders of Christian Reformed churches in the area). Title: Bemaraha woolly lemur Passage: The Bemaraha woolly lemur ("Avahi cleesei"), also known as Cleese's woolly lemur, is a species of woolly lemur native to western Madagascar, named after John Cleese. The scientist who discovered the species named it after Cleese, star of Monty Python, mainly because of Cleese's fondness for lemurs, as shown in "Operation Lemur With John Cleese" and "Fierce Creatures", and his efforts at protecting and preserving them. The species was first discovered in 1990 by a team of scientists from Zurich University led by Urs Thalmann, but wasn't formally described as a species until November 11, 2005. Title: Wildlife Protection Act, 1972 Passage: The Wildlife Protection Act, 1972 is an Act of the Parliament of India enacted for protection of plants and animal species. Before 1972, India only had five designated national parks. Among other reforms, the Act established schedules of protected plant and animal species; hunting or harvesting these species was largely outlawed. Title: Dutch Reformed Church at Romopock Passage: Ramapo Reformed Church (formerly the Dutch Reformed Church at Romopock) is a historic church on Island Road at West Ramapo Avenue in Mahwah, Bergen County, New Jersey, United States. The church was built in 1798 and added to the National Register of Historic Places on September 5, 1985. Title: Dutch Reformed Church in the English Neighborhood Passage: Dutch Reformed Church in the English Neighborhood (English Neighborhood Reformed Church of Ridgefield) is a historic church at 1040 Edgewater Avenue in Ridgefield, Bergen County, New Jersey, United States. The church was built in 1793 and added to the National Register of Historic Places on September 18, 1998.	[ "Protestantism", "Tuvalu" ]
Which mountains are higher the Rockies or those from the temperate climate parts of the state where The Name of the Game Was Love song's singer died?	Rocky Mountains	[ "Rockies" ]	Title: The Name of the Game Was Love Passage: "The Name of the Game Was Love" is a single by Canadian country music artist Hank Snow. The song peaked at number 1 on the "RPM" Country Tracks chart. It also reached number 16 on the "Billboard" Hot Country Singles chart in the United States. Title: Geography of the United States Passage: The Great Plains come to an abrupt end at the Rocky Mountains. The Rocky Mountains form a large portion of the Western U.S., entering from Canada and stretching nearly to Mexico. The Rocky Mountain region is the highest region of the United States by average elevation. The Rocky Mountains generally contain fairly mild slopes and wider peaks compared to some of the other great mountain ranges, with a few exceptions (such as the Teton Mountains in Wyoming and the Sawatch Range in Colorado). The highest peaks of the Rockies are found in Colorado, the tallest peak being Mount Elbert at 14,440 ft (4,400 m). The Rocky Mountains contain some of the most spectacular, and well known scenery in the world. In addition, instead of being one generally continuous and solid mountain range, it is broken up into a number of smaller, intermittent mountain ranges, forming a large series of basins and valleys. Title: Bruneau Range Passage: The Bruneau Range is a mountain range in Elko County, Nevada, United States. It is contained within the Mountain City Ranger District of the Humboldt-Toiyabe National Forest. The range is considered to be a sub-range of the Jarbidge Mountains. Title: Dunite Passage: Dunite was named by the German geologist Ferdinand von Hochstetter in 1859, after Dun Mountain near Nelson, New Zealand. Dun Mountain was given its name because of the dun colour of the underlying ultramafic rocks. This color results from surface weathering that oxidizes the iron in olivine in temperate climates (weathering in tropical climates creates a deep red soil). The Dunite from Dun Mountain is part of the ultramfic section of the Dun Mountain Ophiolite Belt. Title: Montana Passage: The topography of the state is roughly defined by the Continental Divide, which splits much of the state into distinct eastern and western regions. Most of Montana's 100 or more named mountain ranges are concentrated in the western half of the state, most of which is geologically and geographically part of the Northern Rocky Mountains. The Absaroka and Beartooth ranges in the south-central part of the state are technically part of the Central Rocky Mountains. The Rocky Mountain Front is a significant feature in the north-central portion of the state, and there are a number of isolated island ranges that interrupt the prairie landscape common in the central and eastern parts of the state. About 60 percent of the state is prairie, part of the northern Great Plains. Title: Shaun White Snowboarding Passage: There are six mountains in "Shaun White Snowboarding", including Alaska, Park City, Europe, and Japan. Each mountain features up to three different sections: peak, back country, and park (or resort). There is also a "Target Limited Edition" of the game that is exclusive to Target; this version gives the player access to "Target Mountain", a mountain with Target branding all over it. It has been described in-game as extremely difficult to find, and contains additional jibs, character models, and a sponsored version of the standard game's best snowboard which can be unlocked before the player's final challenge against Shaun White. The last mountain, called "B.C.", is only available in the "Mile-High Pack" paid downloadable content. It is set in British Columbia. Title: Refugium Range Passage: The Refugium Range is a low, small mountain range comprising the mountains/hills of the Brooks Peninsula on northern Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada. It has an area of and is a subrange of the Vancouver Island Ranges which in turn form part of the Insular Mountains. The range was named in 1981 by an expedition which found that peaks higher than were above the glaciers during the last ice age and are therefore a refugium with unique plants. Title: Southern Europe Passage: Cooler climates can be found in certain parts of Southern European countries, for example within the mountain ranges of Spain and Italy. Additionally, the north coast of Spain experiences a wetter Atlantic climate. Title: Tennessee Passage: Most of the state has a humid subtropical climate, with the exception of some of the higher elevations in the Appalachians, which are classified as having a mountain temperate climate or a humid continental climate due to cooler temperatures. The Gulf of Mexico is the dominant factor in the climate of Tennessee, with winds from the south being responsible for most of the state's annual precipitation. Generally, the state has hot summers and mild to cool winters with generous precipitation throughout the year, with highest average monthly precipitation generally in the winter and spring months, between December and April. The driest months, on average, are August to October. On average the state receives 50 inches (130 cm) of precipitation annually. Snowfall ranges from 5 inches (13 cm) in West Tennessee to over 16 inches (41 cm) in the higher mountains in East Tennessee. Title: Rocky Mountaineer Station Passage: Rocky Mountaineer Station in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, is a railway station which acts as the western terminus of the Rocky Mountaineer train service to Jasper, Banff and Calgary. Prior to 2005, the Vancouver terminus for the Rocky Mountaineer was the Pacific Central Station. Title: McGregor Range Passage: The McGregor Range is a mountain range in the Central Interior of British Columbia, located between the main spine of the Rocky Mountains and the Fraser River on the northeast and southwest, and between the Torpy River on its southeast and the McGregor River on its northwest. Though adjacent to the Rockies and very mountainous, the McGregor Range is part of the McGregor Plateau, a subdivision of the Fraser Plateau. Title: Hank Snow Passage: Snow moved to Nashville, Tennessee, in 1949, and "Hank Snow, the Singing Ranger" (modified from his earlier nickname, the Yodeling Ranger), began recording for RCA Victor in the United States in 1949. His first release in the United States, "Marriage Vow" climbed to number ten on the country charts in the fall of 1949; However, it wasn't until he was invited to play at the Grand Ole Opry in 1950 that he gained serious significance in the United States. His second release in early 1950, "I'm Moving On" was the first of seven number 1 hits on the country charts. "I'm Moving On" stayed at the top for 21 weeks, setting the all-time record for most weeks at number 1. Title: Appalachian Mountains Passage: The Appalachian Mountains (French: les Appalaches), often called the Appalachians, are a system of mountains in eastern North America. The Appalachians first formed roughly 480 million years ago during the Ordovician Period. They once reached elevations similar to those of the Alps and the Rocky Mountains before experiencing natural erosion. The Appalachian chain is a barrier to east - west travel, as it forms a series of alternating ridgelines and valleys oriented in opposition to most highways and railroads running east - west. Title: Climate of the United States Passage: The climate of the United States varies due to differences in latitude, and a range of geographic features, including mountains and deserts. West of the 100th meridian, much of the US is semi-arid to desert in the far southwestern US, and Mediterranean along the California coast. East of the 100th meridian, the climate is humid continental in the northern areas east through New England, to humid subtropical in the Gulf and South Atlantic regions. Southern Florida is tropical, as is Hawaii and the US Virgin Islands. Higher - elevation areas of the Rocky Mountains, the Wasatch, Sierra Nevada, and Cascade Range are alpine. The West Coast areas in coastal Oregon and Washington are oceanic climate. The state of Alaska, on the northwestern corner of the North American continent, is largely subarctic climate, but with a subpolar oceanic climate in the southeast (Alaska Panhandle), southwestern peninsula and Aleutian Islands. Title: Switzerland Passage: The Swiss climate is generally temperate, but can vary greatly between the localities, from glacial conditions on the mountaintops to the often pleasant near Mediterranean climate at Switzerland's southern tip. There are some valley areas in the southern part of Switzerland where some cold-hardy palm trees are found. Summers tend to be warm and humid at times with periodic rainfall so they are ideal for pastures and grazing. The less humid winters in the mountains may see long intervals of stable conditions for weeks, while the lower lands tend to suffer from inversion, during these periods, thus seeing no sun for weeks. Title: Oklahoma Passage: Oklahoma has four primary mountain ranges: the Ouachita Mountains, the Arbuckle Mountains, the Wichita Mountains, and the Ozark Mountains. Contained within the U.S. Interior Highlands region, the Ozark and Ouachita Mountains mark the only major mountainous region between the Rocky Mountains and the Appalachians. A portion of the Flint Hills stretches into north-central Oklahoma, and near the state's eastern border, Cavanal Hill is regarded by the Oklahoma Tourism & Recreation Department as the world's tallest hill; at 1,999 feet (609 m), it fails their definition of a mountain by one foot. Title: Chihuahua (state) Passage: Although Chihuahua is primarily identified with the Chihuahuan Desert for namesake, it has more forests than any other state in Mexico, with the exception of Durango. Due to its variant climate, the state has a large variety of fauna and flora. The state is mostly characterized by rugged mountainous terrain and wide river valleys. The Sierra Madre Occidental mountain range, an extension of the Rocky Mountains, dominates the state's terrain and is home to the state's greatest attraction, Las Barrancas del Cobre, or Copper Canyon, a canyon system larger and deeper than the Grand Canyon. On the slope of the Sierra Madre Occidental mountains (around the regions of Casas Grandes, Cuauhtémoc and Parral), there are vast prairies of short yellow grass, the source of the bulk of the state's agricultural production. Most of the inhabitants live along the Rio Grande Valley and the Conchos River Valley. Title: Sifton Ranges Passage: The Sifton Ranges are a mountain range along the west side of the Rocky Mountain Trench in northern British Columbia, Canada. It has an area of 1823 km and is a subrange of the Cassiar Mountains which in turn form part of the Interior Mountains. Title: Iide Mountains Passage: The or is a mountain range that spans the Fukushima, Niigata and Yamagata prefectures in Japan. Its highest peak is at 2,128m, and the main peak of the range is Mount Iide at 2,105m above sea level. The range contains a number of peaks higher than 2000m and is a part of the Bandai-Asahi National Park. Title: Geography of the United States Passage: Due to its large size and wide range of geographic features, the United States contains examples of nearly every global climate. The climate is temperate in most areas, subtropical in the Southern United States, tropical in Hawaii and southern Florida, polar in Alaska, semiarid in the Great Plains west of the 100th meridian, Mediterranean in coastal California and arid in the Great Basin. Its comparatively favorable agricultural climate contributed (in part) to the country's rise as a world power, with infrequent severe drought in the major agricultural regions, a general lack of widespread flooding, and a mainly temperate climate that receives adequate precipitation.	[ "Appalachian Mountains", "Tennessee", "The Name of the Game Was Love", "Hank Snow" ]
When did the season of Grey's Anatomy when Derek Shepherd dies air?	September 25, 2014	[]	Title: Addison Montgomery Passage: Addison Montgomery Grey's Anatomy & Private Practice character Kate Walsh as Addison Montgomery in Private Practice. First appearance Grey's Anatomy: ``Who's Zoomin 'Who? ''(1.09) May 22, 2005 (as guest star)`` Something To Talk About'' (2.07) November 6, 2005 (as series regular) Private Practice: ``In Which We Meet Addison, a Nice Girl From Somewhere Else ''(1.01) September 26, 2007 Last appearance Grey's Anatomy:`` Did n't We Almost Have It All?'' (3.25) May 17, 2007 (as series regular) ``If / Then ''(8.13) February 2, 2012 (as special guest) Private Practice:`` In Which We Say Goodbye'' (6.13) January 22, 2013 Created by Shonda Rhimes Portrayed by Kate Walsh Information Occupation Obstetrician - gynecologist at Seaside Health & Wellness Fetal and neonatal surgeon at St. Ambrose Hospital Obstetrician - gynecologist at Oceanside Wellness Group (former) Fetal and neonatal surgeon at Seattle Grace Hospital (former) Title Director Of Seaside Health & Wellness Chief Of OB / GYN and Neonatal Surgery at Seattle Grace Hospital (former) M.D. F.A.C.S. F.A.C.O.G. Family Beatrice ``Bizzy ''Forbes Montgomery (mother, deceased)`` Captain'' Montgomery (father) Archer Forbes Montgomery (brother) Spouse (s) Derek Shepherd (divorced) Jake Reilly Significant other (s) Mark Sloan Alex Karev Kevin Nelson Pete Wilder Sam Bennett Children Henry Montgomery (son) Angela Reilly (step - daughter via Jake) Title: Grey's Anatomy (season 5) Passage: The fifth season of the American television medical drama Grey's Anatomy, created by Shonda Rhimes, commenced airing on American Broadcasting Company (ABC) in the United States on September 25, 2008 and concluded on May 14, 2009 with twenty - four aired episodes. The season follows the story of a group of surgeons as they go through their residency, while they also deal with the personal challenges and relationships with their mentors. Season five had thirteen series regulars with twelve of them returning from the previous season. The season aired in the Thursday night timeslot at 9: 00 pm. The season was officially released on DVD as seven - disc boxset under the title of Grey's Anatomy: The Complete Fifth Season -- More Moments on September 9, 2009 by Buena Vista Home Entertainment. Title: Grey's Anatomy Passage: Grey's Anatomy is an American medical drama television series that premiered on March 27, 2005, on American Broadcasting Company (ABC) as a mid-season replacement. The fictional series focuses on the lives of surgical interns, residents, and attending physicians, as they develop into seasoned doctors while trying to maintain personal lives and relationships. The title is a play on Gray's Anatomy, a classic human anatomy textbook first published in 1858 in London and written by Henry Gray. Title: Grey's Anatomy (season 9) Passage: The ninth season of the American television medical drama Grey's Anatomy began airing in the United States on the American Broadcasting Company (ABC) on September 27, 2012, with the season premiere Going, Going, Gone and consists of 24 episodes with the finale Perfect Storm airing on May 16, 2013. The season was produced by ABC Studios, in association with Shondaland Production Company and The Mark Gordon Company; the showrunner being Shonda Rhimes. The season was officially released on DVD as a six - disc boxset under the title of Grey's Anatomy: The Complete Ninth Season - Everything Changes on August 27, 2013 by Buena Vista Home Entertainment. Title: Amelia Shepherd Passage: Amelia Frances Shepherd, M.D. is a fictional character on the ABC American television medical drama "Private Practice", and the spinoff series' progenitor show, "Grey's Anatomy", portrayed by Caterina Scorsone. In her debut appearance in season three, Amelia visited her former sister-in-law, Addison Montgomery, and became a partner at the Oceanside Wellness Group. After "Private Practice" ended its run, Scorsone recurred on the tenth season of "Grey's Anatomy", before becoming a series regular in season eleven. Title: Grey's Anatomy (season 10) Passage: Grey's Anatomy (season 10) DVD cover art for the tenth season of Grey's Anatomy Starring Ellen Pompeo Sandra Oh Justin Chambers Chandra Wilson James Pickens, Jr. Sara Ramirez Kevin McKidd Jessica Capshaw Sarah Drew Jesse Williams Camilla Luddington Gaius Charles Jerrika Hinton Tessa Ferrer Patrick Dempsey Country of origin United States No. of episodes 24 Release Original network ABC Original release September 26, 2013 (2013 - 09 - 26) -- May 15, 2014 (2014 - 05 - 15) Season chronology ← Previous Season 9 Next → Season 11 List of Grey's Anatomy episodes Title: Derek Shepherd Passage: Derek Christopher Shepherd, M.D., also referred to as ``McDreamy '', is a fictional surgeon from the ABC medical drama Grey's Anatomy, portrayed by actor Patrick Dempsey. He made his first appearance during`` A Hard Day's Night'', which was broadcast on March 27, 2005. Derek was married to Addison Montgomery (Kate Walsh) for 12 years, before their divorce in 2006. Before his death in 2015, Derek was happily married to his longtime girlfriend Meredith Grey (Ellen Pompeo). The couple are often referred to as ``Mer & Der ''and they have three children together. Shepherd was formerly the Chief of Surgery at Seattle Grace Mercy West Hospital, but abruptly resigned as chief in season 7 following the shooting. For his portrayal of Shepherd, Dempsey was nominated in 2006 and 2007 Golden Globe for the Best Performance by an Actor in a Television Series Drama for the role, and the 2006 SAG Award for the Outstanding Performance by an Actor in a Drama Series award. Title: Patrick Dempsey Passage: Patrick Dempsey (born January 13, 1966) is an American actor, best known for his role as neurosurgeon Derek ``McDreamy ''Shepherd in Grey's Anatomy, starring with Ellen Pompeo (Dr. Meredith Grey). He saw early success as an actor, starring in a number of films in his early 20s, including Ca n't Buy Me Love (1987) and Loverboy (1989). In the 1990s, he mostly appeared in smaller roles in film, such as Outbreak (1995) and television, before landing a lead role in Sweet Home Alabama (2002), a surprise box office hit. He has since starred in other films, including Enchanted (2007), Made of Honor (2008), Valentine's Day (2010), Flypaper (2011), Freedom Writers (2007), Transformers: Dark of the Moon (2011), and Bridget Jones's Baby (2016). Title: Amelia Shepherd Passage: Amelia Shepherd, M.D. is a fictional character on the ABC American television medical drama Private Practice, and the spinoff series' progenitor show, Grey's Anatomy, portrayed by Caterina Scorsone. In her debut appearance in season three, Amelia visited her former sister - in - law, Addison Montgomery, and became a partner at the Oceanside Wellness Group. After Private Practice ended its run, Scorsone recurred on the tenth season of Grey's Anatomy, before becoming a series regular in season eleven. Title: Mark Sloan (Grey's Anatomy) Passage: Mark Everett Sloan, M.D., F.A.C.S. is a fictional character from ABC's medical drama television series Grey's Anatomy, portrayed by Eric Dane. Created by series producer Shonda Rhimes, the character was introduced in season two as Dr. Derek Shepherd's best friend who acted as the catalyst for the end of Shepherd's marriage when Shepherd caught Sloan sleeping with his wife, Dr. Addison Montgomery. Soon after moving to Seattle Grace Hospital as an attending specializing in plastic surgery to reconcile with Derek, Mark earned the nickname ``McSteamy ''for his good looks by the female interns. Mark's focal storyline in the series involved his romantic relationship with Dr. Lexie Grey. Both he and Lexie sustained life - threatening injuries after an aviation accident in the eighth season finale, which resulted in their deaths. Seattle Grace is later renamed Grey - Sloan Memorial Hospital in their memory. Title: Grey's Anatomy (season 14) Passage: Grey's Anatomy (season 14) Promotional poster Starring Ellen Pompeo Justin Chambers Chandra Wilson James Pickens, Jr. Kevin McKidd Jessica Capshaw Sarah Drew Jesse Williams Caterina Scorsone Camilla Luddington Kelly McCreary Jason George Martin Henderson Giacomo Gianniotti Country of origin United States No. of episodes 24 Release Original network ABC Original release September 28, 2017 (2017 - 09 - 28) -- May 17, 2018 (2018 - 05 - 17) Season chronology ← Previous Season 13 Next → Season 15 List of Grey's Anatomy episodes Title: Marika Domińczyk Passage: Marika Domińczyk (/ doʊˈmiːntʃɪk / doh - MEEN - chik) is a Polish - American actress who became best known in the United States for her role as Dr. Eliza Minnick on Grey's Anatomy, which she originated in its thirteenth season. Title: Maggie Pierce Passage: Maggie Pierce Grey's Anatomy character The season thirteen promotional photograph of Kelly McCreary as Dr. Maggie Pierce First appearance ``Everything I Try to Do, Nothing Seems to Turn Out Right ''(10.23) May 8, 2014 (as guest star)`` All I Could Do Was Cry'' (11.11) February 12, 2015 (as series regular) Created by Shonda Rhimes Portrayed by Kelly McCreary Information Gender Female Occupation Attending cardiothoracic surgeon at Grey Sloan Memorial Hospital Title Chief of Cardiothoracic Surgery M.D. F.A.C.S. Family Diane Pierce (adoptive mother, deceased) Bill Pierce (adoptive father) Ellis Grey (biological mother, deceased) Richard Webber (biological father) Meredith Grey (maternal half - sister) Significant other (s) Dean (ex-fiancé) Ethan Boyd (ex-boyfriend) Andrew DeLuca (ex-boyfriend) Jackson Avery (boyfriend) Relatives Derek Shepherd (brother - in - law, deceased) Zola Grey Shepherd (niece) Bailey Shepherd (nephew) Ellis Shepherd (niece) Nationality American Title: Grey's Anatomy (season 14) Passage: Grey's Anatomy (season 14) Promotional poster Starring Ellen Pompeo Justin Chambers Chandra Wilson James Pickens, Jr. Kevin McKidd Jessica Capshaw Sarah Drew Jesse Williams Caterina Scorsone Camilla Luddington Kelly McCreary Jason George Martin Henderson Giacomo Gianniotti Country of origin United States No. of episodes 24 Release Original network ABC Original release September 28, 2017 (2017 - 09 - 28) -- May 17, 2018 (2018 - 05 - 17) Season chronology ← Previous Season 13 List of Grey's Anatomy episodes Title: Grey's Anatomy (season 11) Passage: The eleventh season of the American television medical drama Grey's Anatomy premiered on September 25, 2014 in the United States on the American Broadcasting Company (ABC) and consists of 25 episodes. The season was produced by ABC Studios, in association with Shondaland Production Company and The Mark Gordon Company; the showrunners being Stacy McKee and William Harper. The season commenced airing with the episode ``I Must Have Lost it on the Wind ''and concluded with the season finale`` You're My Home'' airing on May 14, 2015. The season was officially released on DVD as a six - disc boxset under the title of Grey's Anatomy: The Complete Eleventh Season -- Life Changes on August 18, 2015 by Buena Vista Home Entertainment. Title: Derek Shepherd Passage: In season 11, Derek is involved in a fatal car accident while driving to the airport for his final trip to Washington. He is able to hear and process auditory input, but unable to speak. He is recognized by Winnie, one of the victims of a crash he assisted in earlier, who tells the surgeons that their patient's name is Derek and that he is a surgeon as well. The hospital he was taken to was understaffed and his head injury was not detected quickly enough by the interns on duty that night. Although the neurosurgeon on call is paged multiple times, he takes too long to arrive and Derek is declared brain dead. Police arrive at Meredith's door and take her to see Derek, where she consents to removing him from life support. At the time of his death, Meredith was pregnant with their third child. She gives birth to a daughter whom she names Ellis after her mother. Title: The Story (song) Passage: ``The Story ''is a song released as a single by American folk rock singer Brandi Carlile, written by Phil Hanseroth, from her 2007 album The Story. It was featured in Grey's Anatomy in 2007 and is on Grey's Anatomy Soundtrack album 3 (released September 11). Title: Grey's Anatomy (season 4) Passage: Grey's Anatomy (season 4) DVD cover art for the fourth season of Grey's Anatomy Starring Ellen Pompeo Sandra Oh Katherine Heigl Justin Chambers T.R. Knight Chandra Wilson James Pickens, Jr. Sara Ramirez Eric Dane Chyler Leigh Brooke Smith Patrick Dempsey Country of origin United States No. of episodes 17 Release Original network ABC Original release September 27, 2007 (2007 - 09 - 27) -- May 22, 2008 (2008 - 05 - 22) Season chronology ← Previous Season 3 Next → Season 5 List of Grey's Anatomy episodes Title: Richard Webber Passage: Richard Webber, M.D. is a fictional character from the ABC medical drama television series "Grey's Anatomy". The character is portrayed by actor James Pickens, Jr., and was created by Shonda Rhimes. He was previously the Chief of Surgery at Seattle Grace Mercy West Hospital for 11 years, and was replaced briefly by Derek Shepherd (Patrick Dempsey) and later permanently by Owen Hunt (Kevin McKidd). Title: Derek Shepherd Passage: Derek Shepherd Grey's Anatomy character Patrick Dempsey as Derek Shepherd in 2012 First appearance ``A Hard Day's Night ''(1.01) March 27, 2005 Last appearance`` You're My Home (Grey's Anatomy)'' (11.25) May 14, 2015 Created by Shonda Rhimes Portrayed by Patrick Dempsey Information Full name Derek Christopher Shepherd Nickname (s) McDreamy Occupation Attending neurosurgeon Member of the Board (former) Chief of Surgery (former) Head of Neurosurgery (former) Title M.D. F.A.C.S. Family Mr. Shepherd (father, deceased) Carolyn Maloney Shepherd (mother) Nancy Shepherd (sister) Kathleen ``Kate ''Shepherd (sister) Elizabeth`` Lizzie'' Shepherd (sister) Amelia Shepherd (sister) 9 unnamed nieces 6 unnamed nephews (one deceased) Spouse (s) Addison Montgomery (m. 1994; div. 2006) Meredith Grey (m. 2009 -- 2015) Significant other (s) Rose Children Zola Shepherd (daughter) Derek Bailey Shepherd (son) Ellis Shepherd (daughter) (with Meredith) certifications M.D. F.A.C.S	[ "Derek Shepherd", "Grey's Anatomy (season 11)" ]
Which city is located in the same county as Vale?	Belle Fourche	[ "Belle Fourche, South Dakota" ]	Title: Bani Walid District Passage: Bani Walid or Ben Walid, prior to 2007, was one of the districts of Libya, administrative town Bani Walid. In the 2007 administrative reorganization the territory formerly in Bani Walid District was transferred to Misrata District. Title: Marussia Motors Passage: In April 2014, the Marussia Motors company was disbanded, with staff leaving to join a government-run technical institute. The Marussia F1 team continued unaffected as a British entity, independent of the Russian car company. However, on 7 November 2014 the administrator announced that the F1 team had ceased trading. Title: Khabarovsky District Passage: Khabarovsky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the seventeen in Khabarovsk Krai, Russia. It consists of two unconnected segments separated by the territory of Amursky District, which are located in the southwest of the krai. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Khabarovsk (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population: Title: Arrondissement of Mechelen Passage: The Arrondissement of Mechelen (; ) is one of the three administrative arrondissements in the Province of Antwerp, Belgium. It is both an administrative and a judicial arrondissement, as the territory for both coincides. Title: Republic of Užice Passage: The Republic of Užice ( / ) was a short-lived liberated Yugoslav territory and the first liberated territory in World War II Europe, organized as a military mini-state that existed in the autumn of 1941 in occupied Yugoslavia, more specifically the western part of the Territory of the Military Commander in Serbia. The Republic was established by the Partisan resistance movement and its administrative center was in the town of Užice. Title: Bogotá Passage: Bogotá (/ ˈboʊɡətɑː /, / ˌbɒɡəˈtɑː /, / ˌboʊ - /; Spanish pronunciation: (boɣoˈta) (listen)), officially Bogotá, Distrito Capital, abbreviated Bogotá, D.C., and formerly known as Santafé de Bogotá between 1991 and 2000, is the capital and largest city of Colombia, administered as the Capital District, although often thought of as part of Cundinamarca. Bogotá is a territorial entity of the first order, with the same administrative status as the departments of Colombia. It is the political, economic, administrative, industrial, artistic, cultural, and sports center of the country. Title: Vale, South Dakota Passage: Vale is an unincorporated community and census-designated place in Butte County, South Dakota, United States. According to the 2010 Census, the population was 136. Vale has been assigned the ZIP code of 57788. The public school located in Vale, whose mascot was The Beet Diggers, closed in the 1972. Title: Paea Passage: Paea is a commune in the suburbs of Papeete in French Polynesia, an overseas territory of France in the southern Pacific Ocean. Paea is located on the island of Tahiti, in the administrative subdivision of the Windward Islands, themselves part of the Society Islands. At the 2017 census it had a population of 13,021. Title: Georgia-Imeretia Governorate Passage: In 1846 the Imperial administration of the Caucasus was reorganized and the Georgia-Imeretia Governorate was abolished, with its territory forming the new governorates of Tiflis and Kutais. Title: Biysky District Passage: Biysky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-nine in Altai Krai, Russia. It is located in the east of the krai and borders with Zonalny, Tselinny, Soltonsky, Krasnogorsky, Sovetsky, and Smolensky Districts, as well as with the territory of the City of Biysk. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Biysk (which is not administratively a part of the district). District's population: Title: Neilson River Passage: The Neilson River flows into the territory of the municipality of Saint-Raymond, in the Portneuf Regional County Municipality, in the administrative region of the Capitale-Nationale, in Quebec, in Canada. Title: James Millner (doctor) Passage: James Stokes Millner MD (1830 – 25 February 1875) was a medical practitioner and administrator in the early history of the Northern Territory of Australia. Title: Biblioteca Ayacucho Passage: The Biblioteca Ayacucho ("Ayacucho Library") is an editorial entity of the government of Venezuela, founded on September 10, 1974. It is managed by the "Fundación Biblioteca Ayacucho". Its name, "Ayacucho", comes from the intention to honor the definitive and crucial Battle of Ayacucho that took place December 9, 1824 between Spain and the territories of the Americas, prior to the full independence of the continent. Title: Vilnius County Passage: Vilnius County () is the largest of the 10 counties of Lithuania, located in the east of the country around the city Vilnius. On 1 July 2010, the county administration was abolished, and since that date, Vilnius County remains as the territorial and statistical unit. Title: Zec Bras-Coupé–Désert Passage: The ZEC Bras-Coupé-Desert is a "zone d'exploitation contrôlée" (controlled harvesting zone) (ZEC), located in the unorganized territory of Lac-Pythonga in La Vallée-de-la-Gatineau Regional County Municipality, in the administrative region of Outaouais, in Quebec, in Canada. Title: Territory of Papua Passage: In 1949, the Territory and the Territory of New Guinea were established in an administrative union by the name of the Territory of Papua and New Guinea. That administrative union was renamed as Papua New Guinea in 1971. Notwithstanding that it was part of an administrative union, the Territory of Papua at all times retained a distinct legal status and identity; it was a Possession of the Crown whereas the Territory of New Guinea was initially a League of Nations mandate territory and subsequently a United Nations trust territory. This important legal and political distinction remained until the advent of the Independent State of Papua New Guinea in 1975. Title: Belle Fourche Dam Passage: The Belle Fourche Dam, also known as Orman Dam, is a dam on Owl Creek in Butte County, South Dakota, USA, approximately eight miles east of Belle Fourche, South Dakota, along U.S. Route 212. Its construction created the Belle Fourche Reservoir, the Belle Fourche National Wildlife Refuge, and the Rocky Point Recreation Area. Title: Tatra County Passage: Tatra County () is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Lesser Poland Voivodeship, southern Poland, on the Slovak border. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and only town is Zakopane, which lies south of the regional capital Kraków. The county takes its name from the Tatra mountain range, which covers most of its territory. Title: Territories of the United States Passage: Territories of the United States are sub-national administrative divisions directly overseen by the United States Federal Government. Unlike U.S. states and Native American tribes which exercise limited sovereignty alongside the federal government, territories are without sovereignty. The territories are classified by whether they are incorporated and whether they have an ``organized ''government through an Organic Act passed by the U.S. Congress. Title: Municipio XIX Passage: The Municipio XIX was an administrative subdivision of the city of Rome. Following the administrative reform of 11 March 2013, it was suppressed and merged into the new, and coextensive, Municipio XIV. Its territory is situated to the north-west part of the municipality of Rome.	[ "Belle Fourche Dam", "Vale, South Dakota" ]
Who was in charge of the country where, along with Germany and the country where Ulrich Inderbinen died, Lake Constance can be found?	Karl Renner	[]	Title: Stinson Lake, New Hampshire Passage: Stinson Lake is an unincorporated community in the town of Rumney in Grafton County, New Hampshire, United States. It is located at the south end of Stinson Lake, around the lake's outlet. The village is north of the village of Rumney, via Stinson Lake Road. Title: Bloomfield, Walworth County, Wisconsin Passage: Bloomfield is a town in Walworth County, Wisconsin, United States. The population was 5,537 at the 2000 census. The village of Bloomfield was formed from part of the town on December 20, 2011. The census-designated place of Lake Ivanhoe is located in the town. The unincorporated community of North Bloomfield is also located in the town. Title: Forstbotanischer Garten Eberswalde Passage: The Forstbotanischer Garten Eberswalde (8 hectares) is a botanical garden and arboretum located at Am Zainhammer 5, Eberswalde, Brandenburg, Germany. It is open daily without charge. Title: Český Krumlov Castle Passage: By the 17th century the Rosenbergs had died out, and Holy Roman Emperor Ferdinand II gave the dominion of Krumau to Hans Ulrich von Eggenberg, naming him Duke of Krumau. After the death of Hans Ulrich's son, Johann Anton I von Eggenberg, the castle was administered for the period between 1649 and 1664 by his widow, Anna Maria. Title: Säntis Passage: At 2,501.9 metres above sea level, Säntis is the highest mountain in the Alpstein massif of northeastern Switzerland. It is also the culminating point of the whole Appenzell Alps, between Lake Walen and Lake Constance. Shared by three cantons, the mountain is a highly visible landmark thanks to its exposed northerly position within the Alpstein massif. As a consequence, houses called "Säntisblick" (English: "Säntis view") can be found in regions as far away as the Black Forest in Germany. Säntis is among the most prominent summits in the Alps and the most prominent summit in Europe with an observation deck on the top. The panorama from the summit is spectacular. Six countries can be seen if the weather allows: Switzerland, Germany, Austria, Liechtenstein, France, and Italy. Title: Amir Katz Passage: Amir Katz, born 1973 in Ramat Gan, Israel, is a pianist who lives in Germany. He began piano lessons at the age of 11 and won his first national competitions in Israel four years later. He received scholarships to study in Europe, including at the International Piano Foundation at Lake Como, where he had lessons with Leon Fleisher, Karl Ulrich Schnabel and Murray Perahia. These led him to Munich, Germany, where he finished his studies with Elisso Wirssaladse and Michael Schäfer. Title: Tarat, Algeria Passage: Tarat is a village in the commune of Illizi, in Illizi Province, Algeria, located near the border with Libya beside a wadi beneath the eastern edge of the Tassili n'Ajjer mountain range. Title: Austria Passage: Karl Renner and Adolf Schärf (Socialist Party of Austria [Social Democrats and Revolutionary Socialists]), Leopold Kunschak (Austria's People's Party [former Christian Social People's Party]), and Johann Koplenig (Communist Party of Austria) declared Austria's secession from the Third Reich by the Declaration of Independence on 27 April 1945 and set up a provisional government in Vienna under state Chancellor Renner the same day, with the approval of the victorious Red Army and backed by Joseph Stalin. (The date is officially named the birthday of the second republic.) At the end of April, most of western and southern Austria were still under Nazi rule. On 1 May 1945, the federal constitution of 1929, which had been terminated by dictator Dollfuss on 1 May 1934, was declared valid again. Title: Jardin botanique de Sedan Passage: The Jardin botanique de Sedan is a botanical garden and city park located on Philippoteaux Avenue beside the Place d'Alsace-Lorraine, Sedan, Ardennes, Champagne-Ardenne, France. It is open daily without charge. Title: Straumvatnet Passage: Straumvatnet is a lake that lies in the municipality of Sørfold in Nordland county, Norway. The lake is located on the southeast side of the village of Straumen. The lake Røyrvatnet lies about south of this lake. Straumvatnet empties into the Sørfolda fjord. Title: Oconomowoc Lake, Wisconsin Passage: Oconomowoc Lake is a village in Waukesha County, Wisconsin, United States. Located just outside the City of Oconomowoc, the village includes the residential area encircling Oconomowoc Lake. Title: Rhine Passage: Lake Constance consists of three bodies of water: the Obersee ("upper lake"), the Untersee ("lower lake"), and a connecting stretch of the Rhine, called the Seerhein ("Lake Rhine"). The lake is situated in Germany, Switzerland and Austria near the Alps. Specifically, its shorelines lie in the German states of Bavaria and Baden-Württemberg, the Austrian state of Vorarlberg, and the Swiss cantons of Thurgau and St. Gallen. The Rhine flows into it from the south following the Swiss-Austrian border. It is located at approximately 47°39′N 9°19′E / 47.650°N 9.317°E / 47.650; 9.317. Title: Georg Ulrich Handke Passage: Georg Ulrich Handke (born Hanau 22 April 1894: died Berlin 7 September 1962) was a German politician (Communist party of Germany/Socialist Unity Party of Germany). Title: Balsam Lake, Wisconsin Passage: Balsam Lake is a village in, and the county seat of, Polk County, Wisconsin, United States. The population was 1,009 at the 2010 census. The village is located within the Town of Balsam Lake. Title: Jezioro Bodenskie Passage: Jezioro Bodenskie (en: Lake of Constance) is a 1986 Polish film directed by Janusz Zaorski. It won the Golden Leopard at the 1986 Locarno International Film Festival. Title: Kreuzlingen Abbey Passage: Kreuzlingen Abbey (Stift Kreuzlingen or Kloster Kreuzlingen), in Kreuzlingen in Switzerland, on the border with Germany, was founded in about 1125 by Ulrich I of Dillingen, Bishop of Constance, as a house of Augustinian Canons. In 1848 the government of the Canton of Thurgau dissolved the monastery and took over its property. The former abbey church of Saint Ulrich and Saint Afra, decorated in the Baroque style, is noteworthy. Title: Fjærvatnet Passage: Fjærvatnet or Indre Fjærvatn is a lake that lies in the municipality of Bodø in Nordland county, Norway. The lake is located about south of the village of Kjerringøy, near the village of Fjære. Title: Alps Passage: Some high mountain villages, such as Avoriaz (in France), Wengen, and Zermatt (in Switzerland) are accessible only by cable car or cog-rail trains, and are car free. Other villages in the Alps are considering becoming car free zones or limiting the number of cars for reasons of sustainability of the fragile Alpine terrain. Title: Ulrich Inderbinen Passage: Ulrich Inderbinen (December 3, 1900, Zermatt, Valais – June 14, 2004) was a Swiss mountain guide famous for his longevity and love for mountain climbing. He had been on the top of Matterhorn over 370 times and made his last ascent of it when he was 90. Though he was not the first to summit the Matterhorn, he may have done it the best. His fame laid not in conquering mountains but safely guiding visitors to the top. Title: Württembergischer Yacht Club Passage: The Württembergischer Yacht-Club (WYC) is a yacht club in Friedrichshafen. It is located on the shores of Lake Constance, Germany. This club was established in January 1911 as the "Königlich Württembergischer Yacht-Club" (Royal Yacht Club of Württemberg).	[ "Ulrich Inderbinen", "Alps", "Rhine", "Austria" ]
What is the tallest structure in the country Nuwaidrat is located?	the twin towers of the Bahrain Financial Harbour	[ "Bahrain Financial Harbour" ]	Title: City Center Square Passage: City Center Square is a skyscraper in downtown Kansas City, Missouri, built by Skidmore, Owings & Merrill, in the Spring of 1977. It occupies the entire block of 11th Street to 12th Street, and from Main Street to Baltimore Street. It's tower is 30 stories tall, constructed with a reinforced concrete structure evident by the look of the exterior. It is the tenth-tallest habitable structure in the Kansas City Metropolitan Area, and the fifteenth-tallest habitable structure in Missouri at . Title: Nuwaidrat Passage: Nuwaidrat (Arabic: النويدرات) is a village located in Bahrain, close to Sitra; it was formerly part of the Sitra Municipality. Title: First Canadian Place Passage: First Canadian Place (originally First Bank Building) is a skyscraper in the Financial District of Toronto, Ontario, at the northwest corner of King and Bay streets, and serves as the global operational headquarters of the Bank of Montreal. At , it is Canada's tallest skyscraper and the 15th tallest building in North America to structural top (spires) and 9th highest to the roof top, and the 105th tallest in the world. It is the third tallest free-standing structure in Canada, after the CN Tower (also in Toronto) and the Inco Superstack chimney in Sudbury, Ontario. The building is owned by Brookfield Office Properties, putting it in co-ownership with the neighbouring Exchange Tower and Bay Adelaide Centre as well as various other office spaces across Downtown Toronto. Title: List of tallest buildings in Las Vegas Passage: The city of Las Vegas, Nevada and its surrounding unincorporated communities in the Las Vegas Valley are the sites of more than 160 high - rises, 42 of which stand taller than 400 feet (122 m). The tallest structure in the city is the Stratosphere Tower, which rises 1,149 feet (350 m) just north of the Las Vegas Strip. The tower is also the tallest observation tower in the United States. Since the Stratosphere Tower is not fully habitable, however, it is not considered a building. The tallest building in Las Vegas is The Drew Las Vegas, which rises 735 feet (224 m) and was topped out in November 2008. This building, however, is currently on hold. The tallest completed building in the city is the 52 - story Palazzo, which rises 642 feet (196 m) and was completed in 2007. Title: Eiffel Tower Passage: The tower is 324 metres (1,063 ft) tall, about the same height as an 81 - storey building, and the tallest structure in Paris. Its base is square, measuring 125 metres (410 ft) on each side. During its construction, the Eiffel Tower surpassed the Washington Monument to become the tallest man - made structure in the world, a title it held for 41 years until the Chrysler Building in New York City was finished in 1930. Due to the addition of a broadcasting aerial at the top of the tower in 1957, it is now taller than the Chrysler Building by 5.2 metres (17 ft). Excluding transmitters, the Eiffel Tower is the second - tallest structure in France after the Millau Viaduct. Title: 1201 Walnut Passage: The 1201 Walnut Building is a Skyscraper located in Downtown Kansas City, Missouri, USA, built by HNTB Architects in 1991. Found at the intersection of 12th and Walnut streets, it is the eighth tallest habitable structure in the Kansas City Metropolitan Area, and the twelfth-tallest habitable structure in Missouri, at 427 feet. The exterior is made of mostly dark-colored glass, and granite panels, and is very close the new Sprint Center and Power & Light District, part of the redevelopment of downtown Kansas City. The glass look helps to further the glass-theme that the Sprint Center, H&R Block Building, and the "Kansas City Star" printing press have. In late 2010, building tenant Stinson Leonard Street, LLP acquired the rights to place a large sign and corporate logo atop the southern face of the building. Title: Ferris wheel Passage: The 135 m (443 ft) London Eye, typically described as a ``giant Ferris wheel ''by the media, has ovoidal externally mounted motorised capsules and is the`` world's tallest cantilevered observation wheel'' according to its operators, who claim ``The London Eye is often mistakenly called a Ferris wheel. This is not the case: first, the passenger capsules are completely enclosed and are climate controlled; secondly, the capsules are positioned on the outside of the wheel structure and are fully motorised; and third, the entire structure is supported by an A-frame on one side only. ''However the Singapore Flyer subsequently billed itself as the`` world's largest observation wheel'', despite being supported on both sides, and the official londoneye.com website also refers to the London Eye as ``Europe's tallest Ferris wheel ''. Title: Hollola TV Mast Passage: Hollola TV Mast is a mast in Hollola, Finland built in 1967. It has a height of 327 metres (1073 feet). It is also the tallest structure in Finland. Title: List of tallest buildings and structures Passage: The world's tallest artificial structure is the 829.8 - metre - tall (2,722 ft) Burj Khalifa in Dubai (of the United Arab Emirates). The building gained the official title of ``Tallest Building in the World ''and the tallest self - supported structure at its opening on January 9, 2010. The second - tallest self - supporting structure and the tallest tower is the Tokyo Skytree. The tallest guyed structure is the KVLY - TV mast. Breetsky was the third building, which was surpassed by Tokyo in 1987. Title: Washington National Cathedral Passage: The Cathedral Church of Saint Peter and Saint Paul in the City and Diocese of Washington, commonly known as Washington National Cathedral, is a cathedral of the Episcopal Church located in Washington, D.C., the capital of the United States. The structure is of Neo-Gothic design closely modeled on English Gothic style of the late fourteenth century. It is both the second - largest church building in the United States, and the fourth - tallest structure in Washington, D.C. The cathedral is the seat of both the Presiding Bishop of the Episcopal Church, Michael Bruce Curry, and the Bishop of the Diocese of Washington, Mariann Edgar Budde. Over 270,000 people visit the structure annually. Title: Trammell Crow Center Passage: Trammell Crow Center is a 50-story postmodern skyscraper at 2001 Ross Avenue in the Arts District of downtown Dallas, Texas. With a structural height of , and to the roof, it is the sixth-tallest building in Dallas and the 18th-tallest in the state. The tower was designed by the architecture firm Skidmore, Owings and Merrill, and has a polished and flamed granite façade, with of office space. It was originally built as the new headquarters of LTV (Ling-Temco-Vought) which had outgrown its previous headquarters at 1600 Pacific Tower. Title: Jacksonville, Florida Passage: The tallest building in Downtown Jacksonville's skyline is the Bank of America Tower, constructed in 1990 as the Barnett Center. It has a height of 617 ft (188 m) and includes 42 floors. Other notable structures include the 37-story Wells Fargo Center (with its distinctive flared base making it the defining building in the Jacksonville skyline), originally built in 1972-74 by the Independent Life and Accident Insurance Company, and the 28 floor Riverplace Tower which, when completed in 1967, was the tallest precast, post-tensioned concrete structure in the world. Title: Bahrain World Trade Center Passage: The Bahrain World Trade Center (also called Bahrain WTC or BWTC) is a 240-metre-high (787 ft), 50-floor, twin tower complex located in Manama, Bahrain. Designed by the multi-national architectural firm Atkins, construction on the towers was completed in 2008. It is the first skyscraper in the world to integrate wind turbines into its design. The wind turbines were developed, built and installed by the Danish company Norwin A/S.The structure is constructed close to the King Faisal Highway, near popular landmarks such as the towers of Bahrain Financial Harbour (BFH), NBB and Abraj Al Lulu. It currently ranks as the second-tallest building in Bahrain, after the twin towers of the Bahrain Financial Harbour. The project has received several awards for sustainability, including: Title: Bank of America Tower (Jacksonville) Passage: Bank of America Tower (originally Barnett Center) is a skyscraper in the downtown area of Jacksonville, Florida, at the northwest corner of Bay and Laura streets. At , it is the tallest building in Jacksonville, and the eleventh-tallest in Florida (the tallest ten all being in Miami). It was built as the headquarters of Barnett Bank and originally named Barnett Center, but the name was changed to NationsBank Tower in 1998 after Barnett Bank was acquired by NationsBank. NationsBank soon acquired Bank of America and the building's name was changed to Bank of America Tower in 1999. The 42-floor structure was designed by German-American architect Helmut Jahn, and is constructed of reinforced concrete. Title: Eiffel Tower Passage: The tower is 324 metres (1,063 ft) tall, about the same height as an 81 - storey building, and the tallest structure in Paris. Its base is square, measuring 125 metres (410 ft) on each side. During its construction, the Eiffel Tower surpassed the Washington Monument to become the tallest man - made structure in the world, a title it held for 41 years until the Chrysler Building in New York City was finished in 1930. Due to the addition of a broadcasting aerial at the top of the tower in 1957, it is now taller than the Chrysler Building by 5.2 metres (17 ft). Excluding transmitters, the Eiffel Tower is the second tallest structure in France after the Millau Viaduct. Title: Hyperion Tower Passage: The Hyperion Tower (Korean: 하이페리온 타워), also known as the Mok-dong Hyperion Towers, is a group of three buildings located in the Yangcheon-gu district of Seoul, South Korea, completed in 2003. The tallest of which, Tower A, is 69 storeys and 256 metres (840 feet) high, making it the second tallest building in Seoul and the world's 214th tallest building. The towers are used as residential housing. Tower A is the world's 19th tallest residential building. Below the building is the Hyundai Department store, a chain of high end department stores in South Korea. At the time of its completion, the building was the tallest in the country but was surpassed by Samsung Tower Palace 3 – Tower G in 2004. Title: B of the Bang Passage: B of the Bang was a sculpture by Thomas Heatherwick next to the City of Manchester Stadium in Manchester, England, which was commissioned to mark the 2002 Commonwealth Games; it was one of the tallest structures in Manchester and the tallest sculpture in the UK until the completion of "Aspire" in 2008. It was taller and leaned at a greater angle than the Leaning Tower of Pisa. The sculpture took its name from a quotation of British sprinter Linford Christie, in which he said that he started his races not merely at the "bang" of the starting pistol, but at "the B of the Bang". Title: List of tallest buildings and structures Passage: The world's tallest artificial structure is the 829.8 m (2,722 ft) tall Burj Khalifa in Dubai (of the United Arab Emirates). The building gained the official title of ``Tallest Building in the World ''and the tallest self supported structure at its opening on January 9, 2010. The second tallest self - supporting structure and the tallest tower is the Tokyo Skytree. The tallest guyed structure is the KVLY - TV mast. Title: Melbourne Passage: Melbourne's CBD, compared with other Australian cities, has comparatively unrestricted height limits and as a result of waves of post-war development contains five of the six tallest buildings in Australia, the tallest of which is the Eureka Tower, situated in Southbank. It has an observation deck near the top from where you can see above all of Melbourne's structures. The Rialto tower, the city's second tallest, remains the tallest building in the old CBD; its observation deck for visitors has recently closed. Title: List of tallest buildings and structures Passage: The world's tallest artificial structure is the 829.8 - metre - tall (2,722 ft) Burj Khalifa in Dubai (of the United Arab Emirates). The building gained the official title of ``Tallest Building in the World ''and the tallest self - supported structure at its opening on January 9, 2010. The second - tallest self - supporting structure and the tallest tower is the Tokyo Skytree. The tallest guyed structure is the KVLY - TV mast.	[ "Bahrain World Trade Center", "Nuwaidrat" ]
What is the population of the city 2013 Indian Open is located?	249,998	[]	Title: Soleil (Brisbane) Passage: Soleil is a skyscraper located at 495 Adelaide Street, Brisbane, Australia. Construction began in early 2009, with the building officially opened in 2011. At , it was Brisbane's tallest building until 2013 when Infinity Tower () overtook it. Title: Bassila Passage: Bassila is a town, arrondissement, and commune located in the Donga Department of Benin. The commune covers an area of 120 square kilometres and as of 2013 had a population of 130,770 people. Title: Indian River Shores, Florida Passage: Indian River Shores is a town on Orchid Island, in Indian River County, Florida, United States. The population was 3,901 at the 2010 census, up from 3,448 at the 2000 census. It was ranked ninth in Florida locations by per capita income as of 2010. Title: Phoenix Marketcity (Chennai) Passage: Phoenix Market City (Chennai) is a shopping mall developed by Phoenix Mills Limited located in Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. It was opened in January 2013 and is the largest mall in the city. Title: Canal Park (Akron, Ohio) Passage: Canal Park is a baseball stadium located in Akron, Ohio, United States, that is the home of the Akron RubberDucks of the Eastern League. The team is a double-A minor-league affiliate of the Cleveland Indians. Opened in 1997, the stadium was designed by Populous, the same architectural firm that designed the Indians' Jacobs Field, which opened three years earlier. The stadium takes its name from its location adjacent to the Ohio and Erie Canal, which runs behind the left-field wall. Title: Cassilândia Passage: Cassilândia is a municipality located in the Brazilian state of Mato Grosso do Sul. Its population was 21,491 (2013) and its area is 3,650 km². Title: Phoenix Marketcity (Pune) Passage: Phoenix Market City is a shopping mall developed by Phoenix Mills Limited located in Pune, Maharashtra. It was opened in January 2013 and is the smallest mall in India, with the area of 3.4 million square feet. It is located in the Vimannagar area of Pune. Title: Ulta Beauty Passage: In 2013, Ulta opened 125 stores in the United States, bringing their total number of locations to 675 stores. They also announced plans to open 100 more locations by the end of 2014. As of August 4, 2018, Ulta operates 1,124 stores in 49 states and the District of Columbia. A majority of Ulta Beauty stores are located in the East Coast region, although California also has a large presence of company - owned stores. Title: Atul Chitnis Passage: Atul Chitnis (20 February 1962 – 3 June 2013) was an Indian consulting technologist. He was one of the organizers of FOSS.IN (formerly Linux Bangalore) which was one of Asia's free and open source software (FOSS) conferences. Title: Penagos Passage: Penagos is a municipality located in the autonomous community of Cantabria, Spain. It has a population of 2,020 inhabitants (2013). Title: New Delhi Passage: New Delhi has a population of 249,998. Hindi and Punjabi are the most widely spoken languages in New Delhi and the lingua franca of the city. English is primarily used as the formal language by business and government institutes. New Delhi has a literacy rate of 89.38% according to 2011 census, which is highest in Delhi. Title: Albion, Dane County, Wisconsin Passage: Albion is a town in Dane County, Wisconsin, United States, located about 27 miles southeast of Madison on Interstate 90. The population was 1,823 at the 2000 Census. The unincorporated communities of Albion, Highwood, Hillside, and Indian Heights are located in the town. Title: Lorain, Wisconsin Passage: Lorain is a town in Polk County, Wisconsin, United States. The population was 328 at the 2000 census. The unincorporated community of Indian Creek is located in the town. Title: Srinivasapuram Passage: Srinivasapuram is a slum located in Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. It is centered between Santhome and Adyar, along the shore of the sea. It has a large population of fishermen. The slum was seriously affected by the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami. Title: 2013 Champions League Twenty20 Passage: Sydney Sixers were the defending champions but they failed to qualify for the event. During the finals on 6 October 2013, in a re-match of the opening game, the Mumbai Indians won their 2nd CLT20 title after bowling out the Rajasthan Royals, defeating them by 33 runs. Title: 2013 Indian Open Passage: The 2013 Indian Open was a professional ranking snooker tournament held between 14–18 October 2013 at the Le Meridien Hotel in New Delhi, India. It was the first ranking event held in India, and the fourth ranking event of the 2013/2014 season. Title: Brahmadesam (Veppanthai) Passage: Brahmadesam is an Indian Panchayat village located in Veppanthattai taluk of Perambalur district in the state of Tamil Nadu. According to the 2001 census, the village had a population of 2390, with a literacy rate of 66.32%. Title: Oklahoma Passage: Oklahoma i/ˌoʊkləˈhoʊmə/ (Cherokee: Asgaya gigageyi / ᎠᏍᎦᏯ ᎩᎦᎨᏱ; or translated ᎣᎦᎳᎰᎹ (òɡàlàhoma), Pawnee: Uukuhuúwa, Cayuga: Gahnawiyoˀgeh) is a state located in the South Central United States. Oklahoma is the 20th most extensive and the 28th most populous of the 50 United States. The state's name is derived from the Choctaw words okla and humma, meaning "red people". It is also known informally by its nickname, The Sooner State, in reference to the non-Native settlers who staked their claims on the choicest pieces of land before the official opening date, and the Indian Appropriations Act of 1889, which opened the door for white settlement in America's Indian Territory. The name was settled upon statehood, Oklahoma Territory and Indian Territory were merged and Indian was dropped from the name. On November 16, 1907, Oklahoma became the 46th state to enter the union. Its residents are known as Oklahomans, or informally "Okies", and its capital and largest city is Oklahoma City. Title: Årås Passage: Årås is the administrative centre of Austrheim municipality in Hordaland county, Norway. The village is located in the central part of the island of Fosnøyna, about northeast of the village of Austrheim. The village has a population (2013) of 603, giving the village a population density of . Title: Canisteo, New York Passage: Canisteo is a town in Steuben County, New York, United States. The population was 3,391 at the 2010 census. The name was taken from a former Indian village located here.	[ "New Delhi", "2013 Indian Open" ]
When did the first Walmart open the the state where Wisp Ski Resort is located?	1991	[]	Title: Searchmont Resort Passage: Searchmont Resort is a ski resort located in the community of Searchmont, Ontario, Canada, and mainly caters to residents of Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario and Algoma, which is 45 minutes away. The area has a 750 vertical foot drop, featuring 18 runs and four chair lifts (one quad, one triple, one double, and one beginner poma lift). Title: History of Walmart Passage: In 1991, the company expanded into Connecticut, Delaware, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, and New York. Walmart expanded worldwide this year, with the opening of their first store outside the United States in Mexico City. They also acquired Western Merchandisers, Inc. of Amarillo, Texas. 1991 also saw the launch of the Sam's American Choice brand of products. Title: Blue Cow Mountain Passage: Blue Cow is a ski resort that is part of Perisher located in the Snowy Mountains of New South Wales, Australia, within the Snowy Monaro Regional Council. The resort is situated within the Kosciuszko National Park and is administered by the NSW National Parks & Wildlife Service. During winter months, the only access to the village is via the Skitube underground railway. In summer, access is via off-road only. Blue Cow is one of the four resort bases within Perisher, Australia's largest ski resort. Title: Yellowstone Club Passage: The Yellowstone Club, also Yellowstone Ski Resort, is a private residential club, ski resort, and golf resort located in the state of Montana, USA. The Rocky Mountain ski and golf club is located in eastern Madison County, just west of Big Sky, Montana, south of Bozeman and northwest of Yellowstone National Park. Title: Squaw Valley, Placer County, California Passage: Olympic Valley, California (also known as Squaw Valley) is an unincorporated community located in Placer County northwest of Tahoe City along California State Highway 89 on the banks of the Truckee River near Lake Tahoe. It is home to Squaw Valley Ski Resort, the site of the 1960 Winter Olympics. Olympic Valley is the smallest resort area to host the Olympic Winter Games. Title: History of Walmart Passage: By 1988, Walmart was operating in 27 states, having expanded into Arizona, Michigan, Ohio, West Virginia, New Jersey, and Wyoming. By 1990, they expanded into California (which marked Walmart officially becoming a fully nationwide retailer), Nevada, North Dakota, Pennsylvania, South Dakota, and Utah. The Walmart Visitor's Center also opened this year on the site of Sam Walton's original store. Title: Mont Rogneux Passage: Mont Rogneux is a mountain of the Swiss Pennine Alps, overlooking Liddes in the canton of Valais. It is a mountain located north of the Petit Combin and Grand Combin. Facing the Verbier ski resort and neighbouring the Bruson lifts, it presents a steep north face which has not yet been descended by ski. Title: Wisp Ski Resort Passage: Wisp Resort is the only four-season downhill ski resort in Maryland. It is located near Deep Creek Lake in the town of McHenry in Garrett County, Maryland, near the border of West Virginia and Western Pennsylvania/Pittsburgh Metropolitan Area. It is located 32 miles from Cumberland, Maryland, 2 hours from Pittsburgh, and 3 hours from Baltimore and Washington, DC. The ski slopes are located on Marsh Mountain. Wisp Resort was founded by Mr.Helmuth M.G. Heise and is currently owned by Pacific Group Resorts, Inc. Title: Fernie Alpine Resort Passage: During spring 2009, Fernie Alpine Resort was transformed into the fictional Kodiak Valley ski resort, circa 1986, for exterior location shots of the Hollywood film Hot Tub Time Machine. The film was released in March 2010. Title: Kulinoto Passage: Kulinoto is a ski resort in the northern Pirin Mountains of Bulgaria. Located at 1400 metres above sea level, it is located 12 kilometres from the town of Razlog and 20 kilometers from the ski resort Bansko. Title: Mad River Mountain Passage: Mad River Mountain is a ski and snowboard resort in Valley Hi, Ohio, United States. The elevation of Mad River Mountain is with a vertical drop of , and it has a ski season that runs from December 1 through March 16. The resort, which opened in 1962, as Valley Hi Ski Area, is owned and operated by Peak Resorts. Title: Whitewater Ski Resort Passage: Whitewater Ski Resort is a ski resort located a 25-minute drive from Nelson in southern British Columbia, Canada. The resort is situated in Ymir bowl, beneath the high Ymir Mountain, in the Selkirk Mountains. The Selkirks receive plentiful, dry snow, and the location in a high alpine bowl provides an annual snowfall average of approximately . The elevation of the parking lot is and the highest lift accessed point is . While Ymir Peak is not included within the ski area boundary, lifts climb both shoulders of the bowl and provide easy traverse routes along ridges to the top. In addition to its snow, the resort is renowned for its tree skiing and steep runs; only 20% of the runs are beginner, while 40% are intermediate and the remaining 40% are advanced. Areas surrounding Whitewater, including West Arm Provincial Park, are renowned for easy access for backcountry split boarding and ski touring. Title: Laurent Chappis Passage: Laurent Chappis (8 May 1915 – 28 December 2013) was an architect and town planner, born in Aix-les-Bains, France. He created the French ski resort of Courchevel located in the Trois Vallées and in doing so practically wrote the rule book on how to design a ski resort. Chappis was a keen ski tourer exploring the mountains around Grenoble in the 1930s before joining the army and serving in the early stages of World War II. A decorated war hero he was captured in an attack on a German position in the final days before the French surrender and served five years in a PoW camp in Austria. Title: Masella Passage: Masella, belonging to Alp's municipality, is a ski resort in La Cerdanya in Girona, Catalunya in the Spanish Pyrenees. It is situated on "Tosa d'Alp" mountain. This ski resort is part of the Alp 2500 resort. Title: Killington, Vermont Passage: Killington is a town in Rutland County, Vermont, United States. The population was 811 at the 2010 census. Killington Ski Resort and numerous vacation lodges are located here. The town was previously named Sherburne, but was renamed to its original name, "Killington", in 1999. Title: Moose Mountain (Minnesota) Passage: Moose Mountain is a peak in the Sawtooth Mountains of northeastern Minnesota in the United States. Its elevation is 1689 feet (515 meters) above sea level. Located close to Lake Superior and reaching 1087 feet (331 m) above its waters, it is part of the Lutsen Mountains ski resort. Title: Vallter 2000 Passage: Vallter 2000 is a ski resort located in the Vallter valley, close to Setcases, Girona, Catalonia (Spain). The resort has an alpine ski area that extends from . Title: Mount Sunapee Resort Passage: Mount Sunapee Resort is a ski area and resort located in Mount Sunapee State Park in Newbury, New Hampshire, United States. Title: McDonald's Canada Passage: The company was founded by Chicago - born George Cohon. The first store opened in 1967 as the Western Canadian franchisee and operated with the U.S. operations. Cohon was the Eastern Canadian franchise and opened his store in 1968 on Oxford Street West in London, Ontario. In 1971, Cohon merged the two operations to one national operation. Cohon was responsible for developing the eastern Canadian franchises. The first McDonald's restaurant in Canada was opened in 1967 in Richmond, British Columbia, by western franchise owners. It was also the first McDonald's restaurant outside of the United States. As of 2014, McDonald's Canada had 1,400 stores (including Walmart Canada locations) in Canada, and more than 85,000 Canadian employees. Title: Granite Gorge Ski Area Passage: Granite Gorge is a small downhill ski resort in southwest New Hampshire, United States. It is located on Pinnacle Mountain in the town of Roxbury, east of downtown Keene on New Hampshire Route 9. The resort is the reincarnation of the former Pinnacle Peak Ski Area, which operated from 1959 to 1977.	[ "Wisp Ski Resort", "History of Walmart" ]
What town is found within the same county as Shady Grove in the state where the most wind power is used in the country Logan return to?	Independence, Iowa	[ "Independence" ]	Title: Zec Bras-Coupé–Désert Passage: The ZEC Bras-Coupé-Desert is a "zone d'exploitation contrôlée" (controlled harvesting zone) (ZEC), located in the unorganized territory of Lac-Pythonga in La Vallée-de-la-Gatineau Regional County Municipality, in the administrative region of Outaouais, in Quebec, in Canada. Title: Municipio XIX Passage: The Municipio XIX was an administrative subdivision of the city of Rome. Following the administrative reform of 11 March 2013, it was suppressed and merged into the new, and coextensive, Municipio XIV. Its territory is situated to the north-west part of the municipality of Rome. Title: Open Packaging Conventions Passage: The Open Packaging Conventions (OPC) is a container-file technology initially created by Microsoft to store a combination of XML and non-XML files that together form a single entity such as an Open XML Paper Specification (OpenXPS) document. OPC-based file formats combine the advantages of leaving the independent file entities embedded in the document intact and resulting in much smaller files compared to normal use of XML. Title: Vilnius County Passage: Vilnius County () is the largest of the 10 counties of Lithuania, located in the east of the country around the city Vilnius. On 1 July 2010, the county administration was abolished, and since that date, Vilnius County remains as the territorial and statistical unit. Title: Namibia Passage: South Africa occupied the colony in 1915 after defeating the German force during World War I and administered it from 1919 onward as a League of Nations mandate territory. Although the South African government desired to incorporate 'South-West Africa' into its territory, it never officially did so, although it was administered as the de facto 'fifth province', with the white minority having representation in the whites-only Parliament of South Africa, as well as electing their own local administration the SWA Legislative Assembly. The South African government also appointed the SWA administrator, who had extensive powers. Following the League's replacement by the United Nations in 1946, South Africa refused to surrender its earlier mandate to be replaced by a United Nations Trusteeship agreement, requiring closer international monitoring of the territory's administration (along with a definite independence schedule). The Herero Chief's Council submitted a number of petitions to the UN calling for it to grant Namibia independence during the 1950s. During the 1960s, when European powers granted independence to their colonies and trust territories in Africa, pressure mounted on South Africa to do so in Namibia. In 1966 the International Court of Justice dismissed a complaint brought by Ethiopia and Liberia against South Africa's continued presence in the territory, but the U.N. General Assembly subsequently revoked South Africa's mandate, while in 1971 the International Court of Justice issued an "advisory opinion" declaring South Africa's continued administration to be illegal. Title: States of Germany Passage: Local associations of a special kind are an amalgamation of one or more Landkreise with one or more Kreisfreie Städte to form a replacement of the aforementioned administrative entities at the district level. They are intended to implement simplification of administration at that level. Typically, a district-free city or town and its urban hinterland are grouped into such an association, or Kommunalverband besonderer Art. Such an organization requires the issuing of special laws by the governing state, since they are not covered by the normal administrative structure of the respective states. Title: Biysky District Passage: Biysky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-nine in Altai Krai, Russia. It is located in the east of the krai and borders with Zonalny, Tselinny, Soltonsky, Krasnogorsky, Sovetsky, and Smolensky Districts, as well as with the territory of the City of Biysk. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Biysk (which is not administratively a part of the district). District's population: Title: KQMG (AM) Passage: KQMG (1220 AM) is a commercial radio station serving Independence, Iowa and Buchanan County, Iowa. Former call letters were KOUR. KQMG AM and FM are owned by KM Communications, Inc and licensed to KM Radio of Independence, LLC. KQMG-FM which began broadcasting in 1972 is located at 95.3 MHz. Title: Biblioteca Ayacucho Passage: The Biblioteca Ayacucho ("Ayacucho Library") is an editorial entity of the government of Venezuela, founded on September 10, 1974. It is managed by the "Fundación Biblioteca Ayacucho". Its name, "Ayacucho", comes from the intention to honor the definitive and crucial Battle of Ayacucho that took place December 9, 1824 between Spain and the territories of the Americas, prior to the full independence of the continent. Title: Territory of Papua Passage: In 1949, the Territory and the Territory of New Guinea were established in an administrative union by the name of the Territory of Papua and New Guinea. That administrative union was renamed as Papua New Guinea in 1971. Notwithstanding that it was part of an administrative union, the Territory of Papua at all times retained a distinct legal status and identity; it was a Possession of the Crown whereas the Territory of New Guinea was initially a League of Nations mandate territory and subsequently a United Nations trust territory. This important legal and political distinction remained until the advent of the Independent State of Papua New Guinea in 1975. Title: The Wolverine (film) Passage: In a mid-credits scene, Logan returns to the United States two years later and is approached at the airport by Erik Lehnsherr, who warns him of a grave new threat to the mutant race; and Charles Xavier, whom Logan previously thought was dead. Title: Bogotá Passage: Bogotá (/ ˈboʊɡətɑː /, / ˌbɒɡəˈtɑː /, / ˌboʊ - /; Spanish pronunciation: (boɣoˈta) (listen)), officially Bogotá, Distrito Capital, abbreviated Bogotá, D.C., and formerly known as Santafé de Bogotá between 1991 and 2000, is the capital and largest city of Colombia, administered as the Capital District, although often thought of as part of Cundinamarca. Bogotá is a territorial entity of the first order, with the same administrative status as the departments of Colombia. It is the political, economic, administrative, industrial, artistic, cultural, and sports center of the country. Title: Khabarovsky District Passage: Khabarovsky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the seventeen in Khabarovsk Krai, Russia. It consists of two unconnected segments separated by the territory of Amursky District, which are located in the southwest of the krai. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Khabarovsk (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population: Title: Georgia-Imeretia Governorate Passage: In 1846 the Imperial administration of the Caucasus was reorganized and the Georgia-Imeretia Governorate was abolished, with its territory forming the new governorates of Tiflis and Kutais. Title: Wind power in the United States Passage: In 2016, Nebraska became the eighteenth state to have installed over 1,000 MW of wind power capacity. Texas, with over 20,000 MW of capacity, had the most installed wind power capacity of any U.S. state at the end of 2016. Texas also had more under construction than any other state currently has installed. The state generating the highest percentage of energy from wind power is Iowa. North Dakota has the most per capita wind generation. The Alta Wind Energy Center in California is the largest wind farm in the United States with a capacity of 1548 MW. GE Energy is the largest domestic wind turbine manufacturer. Title: Shady Grove, Trousdale County, Tennessee Passage: Shady Grove is an unincorporated community in Trousdale County, Tennessee, United States. Shady Grove is southeast of downtown Hartsville. As Hartsville and Trousdale County form a consolidated city-county government, Shady Grove is under the jurisdiction of Hartsville. Title: Shady Grove, Iowa Passage: Shady Grove is a former townsite and unincorporated community in Buchanan County, Iowa, United States, between the cities of Brandon and Jesup. Settlement of Shady Grove began in 1857, but with the advent of rural migration, the population had dropped to 25 by the 1950s. New housing developments begun during the 1990s and 2000s, however, have caused the empty community to be reborn, causing controversy along the way. Title: Bani Walid District Passage: Bani Walid or Ben Walid, prior to 2007, was one of the districts of Libya, administrative town Bani Walid. In the 2007 administrative reorganization the territory formerly in Bani Walid District was transferred to Misrata District. Title: James Millner (doctor) Passage: James Stokes Millner MD (1830 – 25 February 1875) was a medical practitioner and administrator in the early history of the Northern Territory of Australia. Title: Arrondissement of Mechelen Passage: The Arrondissement of Mechelen (; ) is one of the three administrative arrondissements in the Province of Antwerp, Belgium. It is both an administrative and a judicial arrondissement, as the territory for both coincides.	[ "Wind power in the United States", "Shady Grove, Iowa", "KQMG (AM)", "The Wolverine (film)" ]
Who is the mother of the person under whom the empire where Irene Doukaina was a citizen reached its greatest extent?	Marcia	[]	Title: John II Komnenos Passage: John has been assessed as the greatest of the Komnenian emperors. In the course of his twenty-five year reign, John made alliances with the Holy Roman Empire in the west, decisively defeated the Pechenegs, Hungarians and Serbs in the Balkans, and personally led numerous campaigns against the Turks in Asia Minor. John's campaigns fundamentally changed the balance of power in the east, forcing the Turks onto the defensive and restoring to the Byzantines many towns, fortresses and cities right across the Anatolian peninsula. In the southeast, John extended Byzantine control from the Maeander in the west all the way to Cilicia and Tarsus in the east. In an effort to demonstrate the Byzantine ideal of the emperor's role as the leader of the Christian world, John marched into Muslim Syria at the head of the combined forces of Byzantium and the Crusader states; yet despite the great vigour with which he pressed the campaign, John's hopes were disappointed by the evasiveness of his Crusader allies and their reluctance to fight alongside his forces. Title: Australian Antarctic Data Centre Passage: Article III.1.c of the Antarctic Treaty states that "to the greatest extent feasible and practicable" ... "scientific observations and results from Antarctica shall be exchanged and made freely available" Title: Myanmar Passage: The Rohingya people have consistently faced human rights abuses by the Burmese regime that has refused to acknowledge them as Burmese citizens (despite some of them having lived in Burma for over three generations)—the Rohingya have been denied Burmese citizenship since the enactment of a 1982 citizenship law. The law created three categories of citizenship: citizenship, associate citizenship, and naturalised citizenship. Citizenship is given to those who belong to one of the national races such as Kachin, Kayah (Karenni), Karen, Chin, Burman, Mon, Rakhine, Shan, Kaman, or Zerbadee. Associate citizenship is given to those who cannot prove their ancestors settled in Myanmar before 1823, but can prove they have one grandparent, or pre-1823 ancestor, who was a citizen of another country, as well as people who applied for citizenship in 1948 and qualified then by those laws. Naturalized citizenship is only given to those who have at least one parent with one of these types of Burmese citizenship or can provide "conclusive evidence" that their parents entered and resided in Burma prior to independence in 1948. The Burmese regime has attempted to forcibly expel Rohingya and bring in non-Rohingyas to replace them—this policy has resulted in the expulsion of approximately half of the 800,000 Rohingya from Burma, while the Rohingya people have been described as "among the world's least wanted" and "one of the world's most persecuted minorities." But the origin of ‘most persecuted minority’ statement is unclear. Title: Born Country Passage: "Born Country" is a song written by Byron Hill and John Schweers, and recorded by American country music band Alabama. It was released in December 1991 as the second and final single on their compilation album, "Greatest Hits Vol. II". It reached No. 1 on the "Radio & Records" chart in March 1992. It also reached number 2 on the "Billboard" Hot Country Songs charts, behind "Dallas" by Alan Jackson. Title: Aretha's Greatest Hits Passage: Aretha's Greatest Hits is the third compilation album by American singer Aretha Franklin. Released on September 9, 1971 on Atlantic Records, The compilation features three new recordings: "Spanish Harlem", "You're All I Need to Get By" and "Bridge Over Troubled Water". The album reached "Billboard"'s Top 20 and eventually sold over 500,000 copies. Title: All the Good Ones Are Gone Passage: "All the Good Ones Are Gone" is a song written by Dean Dillon and Bob McDill, and recorded by American country music artist Pam Tillis. It was released in April 1997 as the first new single from her "Greatest Hits" album. The song reached #4 on the "Billboard" Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart. Title: Iran Passage: In 1729, Nader Shah, a chieftain and military genius from Khorasan, successfully drove out and conquered the Pashtun invaders. He subsequently took back the annexed Caucasian territories which were divided among the Ottoman and Russian authorities by the ongoing chaos in Iran. During the reign of Nader Shah, Iran reached its greatest extent since the Sassanid Empire, reestablishing the Iranian hegemony all over the Caucasus, as well as other major parts of the west and central Asia, and briefly possessing what was arguably the most powerful empire at the time. Title: Simba Passage: Simba The Lion King character Simba as he appears as a cub in the first film First appearance The Lion King (1994) Created by Irene Mecchi Jonathan Roberts Linda Woolverton Voiced by Matthew Broderick (adult, in 3 films) Jonathan Taylor Thomas (cub) Joseph Williams (singing, adult) Jason Weaver (singing, cub) Matt Weinberg (cub in The Lion King 11⁄2) Cam Clarke (various sequels and merchandise) Rob Lowe (The Lion Guard) Donald Glover (Live Action Remake) Information Species Lion Gender Male Family Mufasa (father, deceased) Sarabi (mother) Sarafina (mother - in - law) Spouse (s) Nala Children Kiara (daughter) Kion (son) Relatives Scar (uncle, deceased) Title: Queen (band) Passage: Queen are one of the most bootlegged bands ever, according to Nick Weymouth, who manages the band's official website. A 2001 survey discovered the existence of 12,225 websites dedicated to Queen bootlegs, the highest number for any band. Bootleg recordings have contributed to the band's popularity in certain countries where Western music is censored, such as Iran. In a project called Queen: The Top 100 Bootlegs, many of these have been made officially available to download for a nominal fee from Queen's website, with profits going to the Mercury Phoenix Trust. Rolling Stone ranked Queen at number 52 on its list of the "100 Greatest Artists of All Time", while ranking Mercury the 18th greatest singer, and May the twenty-sixth greatest guitarist. Queen were named 13th on VH1's 100 Greatest Artists of Hard Rock list, and in 2010 were ranked 17th on VH1's 100 Greatest Artists of All Time list. In 2012, Gigwise readers named Queen the best band of past 60 years. Title: Trajan Passage: Marcus Ulpius Traianus was born on 18 September 53AD in the Roman province of Hispania Baetica (in what is now Andalusia in modern Spain), in the city of Italica (now in the municipal area of Santiponce, in the outskirts of Seville). Although frequently designated the first provincial emperor, and dismissed by later writers such as Cassius Dio (himself of provincial origin) as "an Iberian, and neither an Italian nor even an Italiot", Trajan appears to have hailed on his father's side from the area of Tuder (modern Todi) in Umbria, at the border with Etruria, and on his mother's side from the Gens Marcia, of an Italic family of Sabine origin. Trajan's birthplace of Italica was founded as a Roman military colony of "Italian" settlers in 206BC, though it is unknown when the Ulpii arrived there. It is possible, but cannot be substantiated, that Trajan's ancestors married local women and lost their citizenship at some point, but they certainly recovered their status when the city became a municipium with Latin citizenship in the mid-1st century BC. Title: Greatest Hits (George Strait album) Passage: Greatest Hits is the first compilation album by American country music artist George Strait, released on March 4, 1985 by MCA Records. It includes all ten singles from Strait's first three albums. It reached #4 on the Billboard Top Country Albums Chart and is certified 4×Multi-Platinum by the RIAA. Title: Waltz Me to Heaven Passage: "Waltz Me to Heaven" is a song written by Dolly Parton, and recorded by American country music artist Waylon Jennings. It was released in January 1985 as the second single from his compilation album "Waylon's Greatest Hits, Vol. 2". The song reached number 10 on the "Billboard" Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart. Title: This Time (Sawyer Brown song) Passage: "This Time" is a song written by Mark Miller and Mac McAnally and recorded by American country music group Sawyer Brown. It was released in November 1994 as the first new single from the album "Greatest Hits 1990-1995". The song reached number 2 on the "Billboard" Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart. Title: Margaret of Villehardouin Passage: Margaret of Villehardouin (Greek: Μαργαρίτα Βιλλεαρδουίνου; 1266 – February/March 1315) was the daughter of William II of Villehardouin, Prince of Achaea, and his third wife Anna Komnene Doukaina. Title: Niobe (film) Passage: Niobe is a 1915 American comedy silent film directed by Hugh Ford and Edwin S. Porter and written by Edward A. Paulton and Harry Paulton. The film stars Hazel Dawn, Charles S. Abbe, Maude Odell, Marie Leonard, Reginald Denny and Irene Haisman. The film was released April 4, 1915, by Paramount Pictures. Title: Roman Empire Passage: The imperial period of Rome lasted approximately 1,500 years compared to the 500 years of the Republican era. The first two centuries of the empire's existence were a period of unprecedented political stability and prosperity known as the Pax Romana, or ``Roman Peace ''. Following Octavian's victory, the size of the empire was dramatically increased. After the assassination of Caligula in AD 41, the Senate briefly considered restoring the republic, but the Praetorian Guard proclaimed Claudius emperor instead. Under Claudius, the empire invaded Britannia, its first major expansion since Augustus. After Claudius' successor, Nero, committed suicide in AD 68, the empire suffered a series of brief civil wars, as well as a concurrent major rebellion in Judea, during which four different legionary generals were proclaimed emperor. Vespasian emerged triumphant in AD 69, establishing the Flavian dynasty, before being succeeded by his son Titus, who opened the Colosseum shortly after the eruption of Mount Vesuvius. His short reign was followed by the long reign of his brother Domitian, who was eventually assassinated. The Senate then appointed the first of the Five Good Emperors. The empire reached its greatest extent under Trajan, the second in this line. Title: Latest Greatest Straitest Hits Passage: Latest Greatest Straitest Hits is the fourth compilation album by George Strait. It was released by MCA Records. The album represents his greatest hits since the release of his 1995 box set "Strait Out of the Box". The set contains two newly recorded tracks. "The Best Day" was released as a single and hit #1 on "Billboard"'s Hot Country Singles & Tracks. Although not a single, "Murder on Music Row" also charted in the Top 40 from unsolicited airplay. Title: Bring Back Your Love to Me Passage: "Bring Back Your Love to Me" is a song written by John Hiatt, and recorded by American country music artist Earl Thomas Conley. It was released in January 1990 as the first single from his "Greatest Hits 2" compilation album. The song reached number 11 on the "Billboard" Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart in May 1990. Title: It's a Little Too Late (Mark Chesnutt song) Passage: "It's a Little Too Late" is a song co-written and recorded by American country music singer Mark Chesnutt. It was released in September 1996 as the lead single from his "Greatest Hits" album. The song reached number-one on the U.S. "Billboard" Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart and peaked at number 5 on the Canadian "RPM" Country Tracks chart. The song was written by Chesnutt, Roger Springer and Slugger Morrissette. Title: Standing in the Shadows of Love Passage: "Standing in the Shadows of Love" is a 1966 hit single recorded by the Four Tops for the Motown label. Written and produced by Motown's main production team Holland–Dozier–Holland, the song is one of the most well-known Motown tunes of the 1960s. A direct follow-up to the #1 hit "Reach Out I'll Be There" (even featuring a similar musical arrangement), "Standing in the Shadows of Love" reached #2 on the soul chart and #6 on the "Billboard" Hot 100 in 1967. It also reached #6 in the UK. Though the song was well-received, it has received some criticism. Author Martin Charles Strong notes that it rehashed the formula of "Reach Out I'll Be There" and achieved similar success by reaching the Top 10 in both the US and UK. It is ranked #470 on "Rolling Stone" 's list of The 500 Greatest Songs of All Time.	[ "Roman Empire", "John II Komnenos", "Trajan" ]
Where is the ark that was built in the state where WWAG is located?	Grant County	[]	Title: Memorandum on a Frozen Ark Passage: Memorandum on a Frozen Ark was a Canadian documentary television miniseries which explored the state of Canada's museums. It aired on CBC Television in 1970. Title: Fort Seybert, West Virginia Passage: Fort Seybert is an unincorporated community located in Pendleton County, West Virginia, United States. This town was named for Captain Jacob Seybert who built an early stockade here. It was captured by Native Americans in 1758, who spared only eleven lives (see Bemino). Fort Seybert is the only place in the United States with this name. Title: Ark of the Covenant Passage: In 587 BC, the Babylonians destroyed Jerusalem and Solomon's Temple. There is no record of what became of the Ark in the Books of Kings and Chronicles. An ancient Greek version of the biblical third Book of Ezra, 1 Esdras, suggests that Babylonians took away the vessels of the ark of God, but does not mention taking away the Ark: Title: Penasse, Minnesota Passage: Penasse is an unincorporated community in Angle Township, Lake of the Woods County, Minnesota, United States. Penasse is located on Penasse Island in Lake of the Woods, in the northern part of Northwest Angle. Its location makes it the northernmost populated place in the contiguous United States. The community was named for Tom Penasse, an American Indian from the area; it had a post office from 1920 to 1969. The French built Fort Saint Charles nearby in 1732. Title: WWAG Passage: WWAG (107.9 FM) is a radio station licensed to serve McKee, Kentucky. The station is owned by Dandy Broadcasting, Inc. It airs a Country music format. Title: Ark of the Covenant Passage: Beside the classic Ark of the Covenant made of wood and gold plated described in Exodus, there is a second and less known ark described only in Deuteronomy 10: 3 - 5. This modest ark is made of acacia wood. Researchers do not know whether both arks belong to the same tradition, an older and a more recent, or belong to two different traditions. Title: Ark of the Covenant Passage: During the construction of Solomon's Temple, a special inner room, named Kodesh Hakodashim (Eng. Holy of Holies), was prepared to receive and house the Ark; and when the Temple was dedicated, the Ark -- containing the original tablets of the Ten Commandments -- was placed therein. When the priests emerged from the holy place after placing the Ark there, the Temple was filled with a cloud, ``for the glory of the Lord had filled the house of the Lord ''. Title: Hal W. Adams Bridge Passage: The Hal W. Adams Bridge, built in 1947, is an historic bridge that carries State Road 51 across the Suwannee River between Lafayette and Suwannee counties, Florida in the United States. Located 3 miles north of Mayo, it was the first suspension bridge built in Florida, and the only one to carry highway traffic. At its opening on July 4, 1947, it was named for Hal W. Adams of Mayo, former county judge of Lafayette County and then longtime circuit judge for the circuit encompassing Lafayette and Suwannee counties. Title: Fort White, Florida Passage: Fort White is a town in Columbia County, Florida, United States, named after a military fort built in the 1830s. It is the closest town to Ichetucknee Springs State Park. Fort White High School and the Fort White Public School Historic District are located within the town's borders. The original school building was constructed in 1915. Title: Torah ark Passage: The ark in a synagogue (also called the Torah ark or holy ark) is generally a receptacle, or ornamental closet, which contains each synagogue's Torah scrolls (Sifrei Torah in Hebrew). Most arks feature a parokhet (curtain) placed either outside the doors of the holy ark (Ashkenazi and Mizrachi custom) or inside the doors of the ark (Spanish and Portuguese and Moroccan Sephardi custom). The ark is known in Hebrew as the aron kodesh (``holy ark '') by the Ashkenazim and as the hekhál (`` holy place'') among most Sefardim. Title: Type 946 submarine rescue ship Passage: The Type 946 930 submarine rescue ship (NATO reporting name Dazhou (大舟, meaning Great Ark) class) is a type of coastal submarine rescue ship developed by China for the People's Liberation Army Navy (PLAN). A development designated as Type 946A is also in service with PLAN. Title: Murtala Muhammed International Airport Passage: Murtala Muhammed International Airport (MMIA) (IATA: LOS, ICAO: DNMM) is an international airport located in Ikeja, Lagos State, Nigeria, and is the major airport serving the entire state. The airport was initially built during World War II and is named after Murtala Muhammed, the 4th military ruler of Nigeria. Title: Wende Correctional Facility Passage: Wende Correctional Facility is a maximum security prison located in Town of Alden in Erie County, New York, east of Buffalo. The prison is named for this region of Alden. The prison was formerly the site of a county jail operated by Erie County, New York, and sold to the state to further its need for a maximum security state prison. The Erie County Correctional Facility was built adjacent to Wende. Title: Lapham Junction, Wisconsin Passage: Lapham Junction is an unincorporated community located in the town of Knapp, Jackson County, Wisconsin, United States. It was the location of a railroad junction on the Goodyear branch of the Milwaukee Road. Although it still shows up on some maps, the location is now nothing more than an intersection of two local township roads that were built on top of the old railroad grade. The community was named after Increase A. Lapham, a Wisconsin scientist, author and naturalist. Title: Balding Avenue Historic District Passage: The Balding Avenue Historic District is located along the street of the same name, between Mansion and Marshall streets, in Poughkeepsie, New York, United States. These four acres (1.6 ha) include 27 houses mostly built in the late 19th century. Title: Ray Township, Michigan Passage: Ray Township is a civil township of Macomb County in the U.S. state of Michigan. As of the 2010 census, the township population was 3,739. Wolcott Mill Metropark, a park is located entirely within the township. The park is named for and is home to an historic grist mill built in 1847. Title: Arkansas Highway 186 Passage: Highway 186 (AR 186, Ark. 186, and Hwy. 186) is an east–west state highway in Franklin County, Arkansas. The route of runs north from Coal Road at Alix through Altus to Philpot Road north of Interstate 40. Title: Torah ark Passage: Aron Kodesh comes from Hebrew אָרוֹן קׄדֶש ‬ ʼārōn qōdeš (i.e. aron kodesh), Holy Ark. This name is a reference to the 'ārōn haqqōdeš, the Hebrew name for the Ark of the Covenant which was stored in the Holy of Holies in the inner sanctuary of both the ancient Tabernacle and the Temple in Jerusalem. Similarly, Hekhál, also written hechal, echal or heichal -- and sometimes also Echal Kodesh (mainly among Balkan Sephardim) comes from Hebrew הֵיכָל ‬ (hēkhāl)' palace ', was used in the same time period to refer to the inner sanctuary. The hekhal contained the Menorah, Altar of Incense, and Table of the Showbread. Title: Ark Encounter Passage: Ark Encounter is a Christian evangelical theme park that opened in Grant County, Kentucky on July 7, 2016. The centerpiece of the park is a large representation of Noah's Ark as it is described in the Genesis flood narrative contained in the Bible. It is 510 feet (155 m) long, 85 feet (26 m) wide, and 51 feet (16 m) high. Title: Solomon's Temple Passage: The Hebrew Bible states that the temple was constructed under Solomon, king of the United Kingdom of Israel and Judah and that during the Kingdom of Judah, the temple was dedicated to Yahweh, and is said to have housed the Ark of the Covenant. Jewish historian Josephus says that ``the temple was burnt four hundred and seventy years, six months, and ten days after it was built '', although rabbinic sources state that the First Temple stood for 410 years and, based on the 2nd - century work Seder Olam Rabbah, place construction in 832 BCE and destruction in 422 BCE, 165 years later than secular estimates.	[ "Ark Encounter", "WWAG" ]
What was Chantel Malone's place of birth before it was a commonwealth?	a key part of the Spanish Empire	[]	Title: Prince Edward, Earl of Wessex Passage: Prince Edward, Earl of Wessex, (Edward Antony Richard Louis; born 10 March 1964) is the youngest of four children and the third son of Queen Elizabeth II and Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh. At the time of his birth, he was third in line of succession to the British throne; he is 11th. The Earl is a full-time working member of the British royal family and supports the Queen in her official duties – often alongside his wife, the Countess of Wessex – as well as undertaking public engagements for a large number of his own charities. In particular he has assumed many duties from his father, the Duke of Edinburgh, who retired from public life in 2017. Prince Edward succeeded Prince Philip as president of the Commonwealth Games Federation (vice-patron since 2006) and opened the 1990 Commonwealth Games in New Zealand and the 1998 Commonwealth Games in Malaysia. He has also taken over the Duke's role in the Duke of Edinburgh's Award Scheme. Title: History of Puerto Rico Passage: Located in the northeastern Caribbean, Puerto Rico formed a key part of the Spanish Empire from the early years of the exploration, conquest and colonization of the New World. The island was a major military post during many wars between Spain and other European powers for control of the region in the 16th, 17th and 18th centuries. The smallest of the Greater Antilles, Puerto Rico was a stepping - stone in the passage from Europe to Cuba, Mexico, Central America, and the northern territories of South America. Throughout most of the 19th century until the conclusion of the Spanish -- American War, Puerto Rico and Cuba were the last two Spanish colonies in the New World; they served as Spain's final outposts in a strategy to regain control of the American continents. Realizing that it was in danger of losing its two remaining Caribbean territories, the Spanish Crown revived the Royal Decree of Graces of 1815. The decree was printed in Spanish, English and French in order to attract Europeans, with the hope that the independence movements would lose their popularity and strength with the arrival of new settlers. Free land was offered to those who wanted to populate the islands on the condition that they swear their loyalty to the Spanish Crown and allegiance to the Roman Catholic Church. Title: List of This Is Us characters Passage: Rebecca Pearson née Malone (born 1950 or 1951), portrayed by Mandy Moore, is Jack's wife, and the mother of Kate, Kevin, and Randall. Title: Elizabeth II Passage: From Elizabeth's birth onwards, the British Empire continued its transformation into the Commonwealth of Nations. By the time of her accession in 1952, her role as head of multiple independent states was already established. In 1953, the Queen and her husband embarked on a seven-month round-the-world tour, visiting 13 countries and covering more than 40,000 miles by land, sea and air. She became the first reigning monarch of Australia and New Zealand to visit those nations. During the tour, crowds were immense; three-quarters of the population of Australia were estimated to have seen her. Throughout her reign, the Queen has made hundreds of state visits to other countries and tours of the Commonwealth; she is the most widely travelled head of state. Title: Thomas W. Malone Passage: Thomas W. Malone (born 1952) is an American organizational theorist, management consultant, and the Patrick J. McGovern Professor of Management at the MIT Sloan School of Management. Title: Commonwealth of Nations Passage: The Commonwealth of Nations (formerly the British Commonwealth), also known as simply the Commonwealth, is an intergovernmental organisation of 53 member states that are mostly former territories of the British Empire. The Commonwealth operates by intergovernmental consensus of the member states, organised through the Commonwealth Secretariat and non-governmental organisations, organised through the Commonwealth Foundation. Title: Chuck Malone Passage: Charles Ray Malone (born July 8, 1965) is a former relief pitcher who played briefly for the Philadelphia Phillies during the season. Listed at 6' 7", 250 lb., Malone batted and threw right-handed. He attended Arkansas State University. Title: Mama Malone Passage: Mama Malone is an American sitcom that briefly aired on CBS from March 7, 1984 to July 21, 1984 and featured Lila Kaye Title: Robert Malone Bugg Passage: Robert Malone Bugg was an American politician and a member of the United States House of Representatives for Tennessee's 7th congressional district. Title: Szlachta Passage: Today the word szlachta in the Polish language simply translates to "nobility". In its broadest meaning, it can also denote some non-hereditary honorary knighthoods granted today by some European monarchs. Occasionally, 19th-century non-noble landowners were referred to as szlachta by courtesy or error, when they owned manorial estates though they were not noble by birth. In the narrow sense, szlachta denotes the old-Commonwealth nobility. Title: Marilou Dozois-Prévost Passage: Marilou Dozois-Prévost (born May 11, 1986) is a Canadian weightlifter. Dozois-Prévost won a silver medal in the women's 48 kg division at the 2006 Commonwealth Games in Melbourne, Australia. She finished in 10th place on the 48 kg event at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing. She won the gold medal at the Commonwealth game in New-Delhi in 2010. Prevost was born in Montreal, Quebec. Title: Chantel Malone Passage: Chantel Ellen Malone (born 2 December 1991 in Puerto Rico) is an athlete representing the British Virgin Islands who competes in the long jump and sprinting events. Title: Safe House (TV series) Passage: Episode Title Directed by Written by Original airdate Viewers (millions) 5 ``Episode 1 ''Marc Evans Ed Whitmore 7 September 2017 (2017 - 09 - 07) 5.09 6`` Episode 2'' Marc Evans Ed Whitmore, Tracey Malone 14 September 2017 (2017 - 09 - 14) 4.31 7 ``Episode 3 ''Marc Evans Ed Whitmore, Tracey Malone 21 September 2017 (2017 - 09 - 21) 3.85 8`` Episode 4'' Marc Evans Ed Whitmore, Tracey Malone 28 September 2017 (2017 - 09 - 28) 3.53 Title: Chantelle Brader Passage: Chantelle Brader is a New Zealand actress and drama specialist who is best known for her role as Susannah in five episodes of "The Tribe". Title: List of This Is Us characters Passage: Rebecca Pearson née Malone (born 1950 or 1951), portrayed by Mandy Moore, is Jack's widow, Miguel Rivas' second wife (after Jack died), and the mother of Kevin, Kate, and Randall. Title: Scott Malone Passage: Malone came through Wolverhampton Wanderers' academy to turn professional in 2009. Although he never played a first team match for the club, he had a series of loan moves while a Wolves player, culminating in a move to Bournemouth that became a permanent transfer in January 2012. Malone signed for Millwall in May 2012. Title: Rugby sevens at the 2018 Commonwealth Games – Men's tournament Passage: 2018 Men's Commonwealth Rugby Sevens Tournament View of the Robina Stadium, where the Rugby Sevens tournament took place. Tournament details Host nation Australia Venue Robina Stadium Date 13 -- 15 April 2018 No. of nations 16 Final positions Champions New Zealand Runner - up Fiji Third place England Fourth place South Africa Tournament statistics Matches played 32 2022 → Title: Dan Malone Passage: Danny Frank Malone (born January 22, 1955) is an American journalist, an investigative reporter who won a Pulitzer Prize. Malone currently works for the "Fort Worth Weekly", an alternative newspaper. Title: Prince William, Duke of Cambridge Passage: Prince William, Duke of Cambridge, (William Arthur Philip Louis; born 21 June 1982) is a member of the British royal family. He is the elder son of Charles, Prince of Wales, and Diana, Princess of Wales. Since birth, he has been second in the line to succeed his grandmother Elizabeth II, who is queen of the United Kingdom and 15 other Commonwealth realms. Title: Todd Manning Passage: Thomas Todd Manning is a fictional character from the American daytime drama "One Life to Live" ("OLTL"). Created by writer Michael Malone, the role was originated in 1992 by actor Roger Howarth. Todd was a college student and fraternity brother to Kevin Buchanan, Zach Rosen, and Powell Lord. In 1993, following a storyline in which he becomes acquainted with Marty Saybrooke, he initiates a gang rape on her with the help of Zach and Powell. The storyline was considered groundbreaking by television critics. Its main players—Howarth, Susan Haskell (Marty), and Hillary B. Smith (Todd's lawyer Nora Hanen)—won Emmys in 1994, as did Malone and his writing team. Howarth left the role in 2003; it was recast with Trevor St. John, physically altered by plastic surgery. In 2011, Howarth returned to "OLTL"; it was disclosed Todd had been taken hostage and St. John's version of the character was really Todd's identical twin brother, Victor Lord, Jr., conditioned to assume Todd's place.	[ "Chantel Malone", "History of Puerto Rico" ]
Which was the position held by the monarch under whose reign young debutantes were presented to society at Court?	Emperor of India	[ "king", "monarch", "queen" ]	Title: Kevin D. Stocks Passage: Kevin D. Stocks is an accounting professor in the Marriott School of Management at Brigham Young University. He currently holds the KPMG Professorship and recently stepped down as the Director of the School of Accountancy, a position he held for the last nine years. This year he is involved as Professor in Residence with KPMG. Title: Sverre Erik Jebens Passage: Sverre Erik Jebens (born 29 September 1949) is a Norwegian lawyer and the former Judge of the European Court of Human Rights in respect of Norway, a position he held from November 2004 to 2011. He is currently a judge in the Norwegian Court of Appeal, Frostating lagmannsrett. Title: Georgian society in Jane Austen's novels Passage: Georgian society in Jane Austen's novels is the ever - present background of her work, the world in which all her characters are set. Entirely situated during the reign of George III, the novels of Jane Austen describe their everyday lives, their joys and sorrows, as well as their loves, and provide in the process an irreplaceable insight into the period. Title: Jessie Aspinall Passage: Jessie Aspinall will be remembered for being one of the first female doctors in general hospitals in Australia, and whose achievements challenged ingrain cultural beliefs about the position of women within society. Title: Lucrezia Borgia Passage: Lucrezia Borgia (; ; 18 April 1480 – 24 June 1519) was a Spanish-Italian noblewoman of the House of Borgia who was the daughter of Pope Alexander VI and Vannozza dei Cattanei. She reigned as the Governor of Spoleto, a position usually held by cardinals, in her own right. Title: Yosef Hayim Yerushalmi Passage: Yosef Hayim Yerushalmi (May 20, 1932 – December 8, 2009) was the Salo Wittmayer Baron Professor of Jewish History, Culture and Society at Columbia University, a position he held from 1980 to 2008. He was succeeded by Elisheva Carlebach Yoffen. Title: Confucius Passage: In Confucius's time, the state of Lu was headed by a ruling ducal house. Under the duke were three aristocratic families, whose heads bore the title of viscount and held hereditary positions in the Lu bureaucracy. The Ji family held the position ``Minister over the Masses '', who was also the`` Prime Minister''; the Meng family held the position ``Minister of Works ''; and the Shu family held the position`` Minister of War''. In the winter of 505 BC, Yang Hu -- a retainer of the Ji family -- rose up in rebellion and seized power from the Ji family. However, by the summer of 501 BC, the three hereditary families had succeeded in expelling Yang Hu from Lu. By then, Confucius had built up a considerable reputation through his teachings, while the families came to see the value of proper conduct and righteousness, so they could achieve loyalty to a legitimate government. Thus, that year (501 BC), Confucius came to be appointed to the minor position of governor of a town. Eventually, he rose to the position of Minister of Crime. Title: The Asiatic Society Passage: The Asiatic Society was founded by civil servant Sir William Jones on 15 January 1784 in a meeting presided over by Sir William Jones, Justice of the Supreme Court of Judicature at Fort William at the Fort William in Calcutta, then capital of the British Raj, to enhance and further the cause of Oriental research. At the time of its foundation, this Society was named as ``Asiatick Society ''. In 1825, the society dropped the antique k without any formal resolution and the Society was renamed as`` The Asiatic Society''. In 1832 the name was changed to ``The Asiatic Society of Bengal ''and again in 1936 it was renamed as`` The Royal Asiatic Society of Bengal.'' Finally, on 1 July 1951 the name of the society was changed to its present one. The Society is housed in a building at Park Street in Kolkata (Calcutta). The Society moved into this building during 1808. In 1823, the Medical and Physical Society of Calcutta was formed and all the meetings of this society were held in the Asiatic Society. Title: Computer Pioneer Award Passage: The Computer Pioneer Award was established in 1981 by the Board of Governors of the IEEE Computer Society to recognize and honor the vision of those people whose efforts resulted in the creation and continued vitality of the computer industry. The award is presented to outstanding individuals whose main contribution to the concepts and development of the computer field was made at least fifteen years earlier. Title: Diane Barz Passage: Diane MacDonald Barz (August 18, 1943 – May 14, 2014) was an American judge. She was the first woman to serve as a member of the Montana Supreme Court, a position she held from September 1989 to 1990. She also served as an assistant United States Attorney from 1991 to 1994. Title: New York City Passage: Uniquely among major American cities, New York is divided between, and is host to the main branches of, two different US district courts: the District Court for the Southern District of New York, whose main courthouse is on Foley Square near City Hall in Manhattan and whose jurisdiction includes Manhattan and the Bronx, and the District Court for the Eastern District of New York, whose main courthouse is in Brooklyn and whose jurisdiction includes Brooklyn, Queens, and Staten Island. The US Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit and US Court of International Trade are also based in New York, also on Foley Square in Manhattan. Title: Wisbech Stirs Passage: The Wisbech Stirs was a divisive quarrel between English Roman Catholic clergy held prisoner in Wisbech Castle in Cambridgeshire, towards the end of the reign of Elizabeth I of England. It set the regular clergy represented by the Society of Jesus, emerging as clerical leaders, who wished for a more ordered communal life in the prison, against some of the secular clergy. Title: Mughal Empire Passage: Jahangir (born Salim, reigned 1605 -- 1627) was born to Akbar and his wife Mariam - uz - Zamani, an Indian Rajput princess. Jahangir ruled the empire at its peak, but he was addicted to opium, neglected the affairs of the state, and came under the influence of rival court cliques. Shah Jahan (reigned 1628 -- 1658) was born to Jahangir and his wife Jagat Gosaini, a Rajput princess. During the reign of Shah Jahan, the culture and splendour of the luxurious Mughal court reached its zenith as exemplified by the Taj Mahal. The maintenance of the court, at this time, began to cost more than the revenue. Title: Kunga Lekpa Jungne Gyaltsen Passage: Kunga Lekpa Jungne Gyaltsen () (1308 - 1330) was a Tibetan Imperial Preceptor ("Dishi") at the court of the Mongol Yuan dynasty. He belonged to the abbot family Khon of Sakya which had a precedence position in Tibet in this era. He held the dignity from 1327 to 1330. Title: Caroline of Ansbach Passage: Her father, Margrave John Frederick of Brandenburg-Ansbach, belonged to a branch of the House of Hohenzollern and was the ruler of a small German state, the Principality of Ansbach. Caroline was orphaned at a young age and moved to the enlightened court of her guardians, King Frederick I and Queen Sophia Charlotte of Prussia. At the Prussian court, her previously limited education was widened, and she adopted the liberal outlook possessed by Sophia Charlotte, who became her good friend and whose views influenced Caroline all her life. Title: Buckingham Palace Passage: Court presentations of aristocratic young ladies to the monarch took place at the palace from the reign of Edward VII. These young women were known as débutantes, and the occasion—termed their "coming out"—represented their first entrée into society. Débutantes wore full court dress, with three tall ostrich feathers in their hair. They entered, curtsied, and performed a choreographed backwards walk and a further curtsy, while manoeuvring a dress train of prescribed length. (The ceremony, known as an evening court, corresponded to the "court drawing rooms" of Victoria's reign.) After World War II, the ceremony was replaced by less formal afternoon receptions, usually without choreographed curtsies and court dress. Title: Pickering v. Board of Education Passage: Pickering v. Board of Education, 391 U.S. 563 (1968), was a case in which the Supreme Court of the United States held that in the absence of proof of the teacher knowingly or recklessly making false statements the teacher had a right to speak on issues of public importance without being dismissed from his or her position. The case was later distinguished by "Garcetti v. Ceballos", where the Court held that statements by public employees made pursuant to their employment have no First Amendment protection. Title: Vamsam Passage: Vamsam () is a 2010 Indian Tamil-language action film, starring debutante Arulnidhi and Sunaina in lead roles. The film is produced by Arulnidhi's father and M. Karunanidhi's youngest son, M. K. Thamizharasu, and features Jayaprakash, Ganja Karuppu, Kishore, Anupama Kumar among others in supporting roles. The film released on 13 August 2010 to positive reviews and became a profitable venture at the box-office. Title: Edward VII Passage: Edward VII (Albert Edward; 9 November 1841 – 6 May 1910) was King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and Emperor of India from 22 January 1901 until his death in 1910. Title: Jeff R. Thompson Passage: Jefferson Rowe Thompson, known as Jeff R. Thompson (born March 10, 1965), is a judge of the Louisiana 26th Judicial District Court for Bossier and Webster parishes, who is a Republican former member of the Louisiana House of Representatives for District 8, a position which he held from January 2012 to January 2015.	[ "Edward VII", "Buckingham Palace" ]
Where is Dan Petrașincu's birthplace located?	Odessa Oblast	[]	Title: Dallol (woreda) Passage: Dallol is one of the woredas in the Afar Region of Ethiopia. This woreda is named for the former mining settlement of Dallol, which set the record for the hottest inhabited place on Earth, with an average temperature of 34° C. Located at the northernmost point of the Administrative Zone 2, Dallol's territory includes part of the Afar Depression. This woreda is bordered on the south by Koneba, on the west by the Tigray Region, on the north by Eritrea, and on the east and south by Berhale. Detailed information is not available for the settlements in this woreda. Title: Dan Petrașincu Passage: He was born in Odessa from an Italian father and a Romanian mother. In the aftermath of the Russian Revolution, when he was ten years old, the family fled to Romania, where he went to high school in Râmnicu Sărat and Bucharest. Title: Biblioteca Ayacucho Passage: The Biblioteca Ayacucho ("Ayacucho Library") is an editorial entity of the government of Venezuela, founded on September 10, 1974. It is managed by the "Fundación Biblioteca Ayacucho". Its name, "Ayacucho", comes from the intention to honor the definitive and crucial Battle of Ayacucho that took place December 9, 1824 between Spain and the territories of the Americas, prior to the full independence of the continent. Title: Frisco Jenny Passage: In 1906 San Francisco, Frisco Jenny Sandoval (Ruth Chatterton), a denizen of the notorious Tenderloin district, wants to marry piano player Dan McAllister (James Murray), but her saloonkeeper father Jim (Robert Emmett O'Connor) is adamantly opposed to it. An earthquake kills both men and devastates the city. In the aftermath, Jenny gives birth to a son, whom she names Dan. Title: British Togoland Passage: British Togoland, officially the Mandate Territory of Togoland and later officially the Trust Territory of Togoland, was a territory in West Africa, under the administration of the United Kingdom. It was effectively formed in 1916 by the splitting of the German protectorate of Togoland into two territories, French Togoland and British Togoland, during the First World War. Initially, it was a League of Nations Class B mandate. In 1922, British Togoland was formally placed under British rule while French Togoland, now Togo, was placed under French rule. Title: Territory of Papua Passage: In 1949, the Territory and the Territory of New Guinea were established in an administrative union by the name of the Territory of Papua and New Guinea. That administrative union was renamed as Papua New Guinea in 1971. Notwithstanding that it was part of an administrative union, the Territory of Papua at all times retained a distinct legal status and identity; it was a Possession of the Crown whereas the Territory of New Guinea was initially a League of Nations mandate territory and subsequently a United Nations trust territory. This important legal and political distinction remained until the advent of the Independent State of Papua New Guinea in 1975. Title: Lutsel K'e Dene School Passage: Lutsel K'e Dene School is a K-12 public school located in Lutselk'e, Northwest Territories, Canada. The school currently represents the only public education option for youth in the settlement and serves a student population of approximately 73 students. The administration of the school is the responsibility of the South Slave Divisional Education Council (SSDEC). Title: Visa requirements for Canadian citizens Passage: Visa requirements for Canadian citizens are administrative entry restrictions by the authorities of other states placed on citizens of Canada. As of 1 January 2018, Canadian citizens had visa - free or visa on arrival access to 172 countries and territories, ranking the Canadian passport 6th in terms of travel freedom according to the Henley Passport Index. Title: Goodings Grove, Illinois Passage: Goodings Grove was a census-designated place in northern Will County, Illinois, United States. The population was 17,084 at the 2000 census. It ceased to exist as an entity upon the incorporation of the village of Homer Glen, Illinois in 2001. Title: Deninu School Passage: Deninu School is a K-12 public school located in Fort Resolution, Northwest Territories, Canada. The school currently represents the only public education option for youth in the hamlet and serves a student population of approximately 125 students. The administration of the school is the responsibility of the South Slave Divisional Education Council (SSDEC). Title: Union territory Passage: A union territory is a type of administrative division in the Republic of India. Unlike states, which have their own elected governments, union territories are ruled directly by the Union Government (central government), hence the name ``union territory ''. Union territories in India qualify as federal territories, by definition. Title: Arrondissement of Mechelen Passage: The Arrondissement of Mechelen (; ) is one of the three administrative arrondissements in the Province of Antwerp, Belgium. It is both an administrative and a judicial arrondissement, as the territory for both coincides. Title: States of Germany Passage: Local associations of a special kind are an amalgamation of one or more Landkreise with one or more Kreisfreie Städte to form a replacement of the aforementioned administrative entities at the district level. They are intended to implement simplification of administration at that level. Typically, a district-free city or town and its urban hinterland are grouped into such an association, or Kommunalverband besonderer Art. Such an organization requires the issuing of special laws by the governing state, since they are not covered by the normal administrative structure of the respective states. Title: Khabarovsky District Passage: Khabarovsky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the seventeen in Khabarovsk Krai, Russia. It consists of two unconnected segments separated by the territory of Amursky District, which are located in the southwest of the krai. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Khabarovsk (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population: Title: Sandy Lake, Minnesota Passage: Sandy Lake is an unincorporated community Native American village located in Turner Township, Aitkin County, Minnesota, United States. Its name in the Ojibwe language is "Gaa-mitaawangaagamaag", meaning "Place of the Sandy-shored Lake". The village is administrative center for the Sandy Lake Band of Mississippi Chippewa, though the administration of the Mille Lacs Indian Reservation, District II, is located in the nearby East Lake. Title: Paea Passage: Paea is a commune in the suburbs of Papeete in French Polynesia, an overseas territory of France in the southern Pacific Ocean. Paea is located on the island of Tahiti, in the administrative subdivision of the Windward Islands, themselves part of the Society Islands. At the 2017 census it had a population of 13,021. Title: Bogotá Passage: Bogotá (/ ˈboʊɡətɑː /, / ˌbɒɡəˈtɑː /, / ˌboʊ - /; Spanish pronunciation: (boɣoˈta) (listen)), officially Bogotá, Distrito Capital, abbreviated Bogotá, D.C., and formerly known as Santafé de Bogotá between 1991 and 2000, is the capital and largest city of Colombia, administered as the Capital District, although often thought of as part of Cundinamarca. Bogotá is a territorial entity of the first order, with the same administrative status as the departments of Colombia. It is the political, economic, administrative, industrial, artistic, cultural, and sports center of the country. Title: Vilnius County Passage: Vilnius County () is the largest of the 10 counties of Lithuania, located in the east of the country around the city Vilnius. On 1 July 2010, the county administration was abolished, and since that date, Vilnius County remains as the territorial and statistical unit. Title: Moldavanka Passage: Moldavanka is a historical part of Odessa in the Odessa Oblast (province) of southern Ukraine, located jointly on Malinovskiy and Primorskiy city districts. Before 1820 a settlement just outside Odessa which later engulfed it. Until the 20th century the neighborhood was considered a low-income/high-crime part of the town and was famous for its workers' shacks. Title: Ap Lo Chun Passage: Ap Lo Chun () is a small island in the New Territories of Hong Kong. It is located in Ap Chau Bay () between Ap Chau in the east and Sai Ap Chau in the west, with the islet of Ap Tan Pai nearby in the northeast. It is under the administration of North District.	[ "Moldavanka", "Dan Petrașincu" ]
Who is the child of the ruler of the country Rao Shushi is from during the tiananmen square protests of 1989?	Deng Pufang	[]	Title: Alfredo Stroessner Passage: Alfredo Stroessner Matiauda (; November 3, 1912 – August 16, 2006) was a Paraguayan Army officer who served as President of Paraguay from 1954 to 1989. He ascended to the position after leading an army coup in 1954. His 35-year-long rule, marked by an uninterrupted period of repression in his country, is the longest in modern South American history. Stroessner's rule is ranked 20th-longest among non-royal national leaders since 1900 and made him one of the world's longest-serving non-royal heads of state. Title: Xiao Qiang Passage: A theoretical physicist by training, he studied at the University of Science and Technology of China and entered the PhD program (1986–1989) in Astrophysics at the University of Notre Dame. He became a full-time human rights activist after the Tiananmen Massacre in 1989. Xiao was the Executive Director of the New York-based NGO Human Rights in China from 1991 to 2002 and vice-chairman of the steering committee of the World Movement for Democracy. Title: Dissolution of the Soviet Union Passage: On July 16, 1989, the Popular Front of Azerbaijan held its first congress and elected Abulfaz Elchibey, who would become President, as its Chairman. On August 19, 600,000 protesters jammed Baku’s Lenin Square (now Azadliq Square) to demand the release of political prisoners. In the second half of 1989, weapons were handed out in Nagorno-Karabakh. When Karabakhis got hold of small arms to replace hunting rifles and crossbows, casualties began to mount; bridges were blown up, roads were blockaded, and hostages were taken. Title: Erdem Gündüz Passage: Erdem Gündüz is a Turkish dancer, actor, performance artist, choreographer, and teacher who, as a result of his actions during the 2013–14 protests in Turkey, has become "the face of the protest movement against the Turkish government." He became internationally known as "The Standing Man" in June 2013 when he stood quietly in Istanbul's Taksim Square as a protest against the Islamist government of Recep Tayyip Erdoğan. Title: Xu Bing Passage: Born in Chongqing in 1955, Xu grew up in Beijing. His father was the head of the history department at Peking University. In 1975, near the end of the Cultural Revolution, he was relocated to the countryside for two years as part of Mao Zedong's "re-education" policy. Returning to Beijing in 1977, he enrolled at the Central Academy of Fine Arts(CAFA) where he joined the printmaking department and also worked during a short period of time as a teacher, receiving his Masters in Fine Art in 1987. After the Tiananmen Square Protests of 1989 his recent work came under scrutiny from the government and received harsh criticism for what was perceived as a critique of the Chinese government. Due to the political pressure and artistic restrictions of the post-Tiananmen period in China, Xu Bing, like many of his contemporaries, moved to the United States in 1990 where he was invited by the University of Wisconsin–Madison. He then resided to the United States until his appointment as vice-president of the Beijing CAFA in 2008. Title: Trafalgar Square Passage: Throughout the 1980s, a continuous anti-apartheid protest was held outside South Africa House. In 1990, the Poll Tax Riots began by a demonstration attended by 200,000 people and ultimately caused rioting in the surrounding area. More recently, there have been anti-war demonstrations opposing the Afghanistan War and the Iraq War. A large vigil was held shortly after the terrorist bombings in London on Thursday, 7 July 2005.In December 2009, participants from the Camp for Climate Action occupied the square for the two weeks during which the UN Conference on Climate Change took place in Copenhagen. It was billed as a UK base for direct action on climate change and saw various actions and protests stem from the occupation.In March 2011, the square was occupied by a crowd protesting against the UK Budget and proposed budget cuts. During the night the situation turned violent as the escalation by riot police and protesters damaged portions of the square. In November 2015 a vigil against the terrorist attacks in Paris was held. Crowds sang the French national anthem, La Marseillaise, and held banners in support of the city and country.Every year on the anniversary of the Battle of Trafalgar (21 October), the Sea Cadet Corps holds a parade in honour of Admiral Lord Nelson and the British victory over the combined fleets of Spain and France at Trafalgar. The Royal British Legion holds a Silence in the Square event on Armistice Day, 11 November, in remembrance of those who died in war. The event includes music and poetry readings, culminating in a bugler playing the Last Post and a two-minute silence at 11 am. Title: Tukoji Rao Scindia Passage: Tukoji Rao Scindia (after 1727 - 14 January 1761) aka Baba Sahib, was the fourth son of Ranoji Rao Scindia and elder uterine brother of Mahadaji Scindia. He was also father of Kadarji Rao Scindia and grandfather of Daulat Rao Scindia. Title: Marla (unit) Passage: The marla is a traditional unit of area that was used in India, Pakistan and Bangladesh. The marla was standardized under British rule to be equal to the square rod, or 272.25 square feet, 30.25 square yards, or 25.2929 square metres. As such, it was exactly one 160th of an acre. Title: Rao Shushi Passage: Rao Shushi (; 1903—1975) like his confederate Gao Gang, was a senior leader of the Communist Party of China (CPC), who once enjoyed great power and fame that then quickly evaporated, leaving behind many mysteries about his rise and fall. Title: Daasi Passage: Daasi ("English: The Courtesan") is a Telugu drama film written and directed by B. Narsing Rao starring Archana as "Daasi" Kamalakshi. The film won five National Film Awards. The film won Diploma of Merit award at the Moscow International Film Festival in 1989. The film was subsequently premiered at the 1989 International Film Festival of India. Title: 1989 Tiananmen Square protests Passage: Party and government leaders Name Position (s) in 1989 Deng Xiaoping Chairman of the Central Military Commission; de facto ``paramount leader ''Chen Yun Chairman of the CPC Central Advisory Commission Zhao Ziyang General Secretary of the Communist Party of China First Vice-Chairman of the Central Military Commission Li Peng Premier of the People's Republic of China Qiao Shi Secretary of the CPC Central Commission for Discipline Inspection Secretary of the CPC Political and Legislative Affairs Committee Hu Qili First Secretary of the Secretariat of the Communist Party Yao Yilin First Vice Premier of the People's Republic of China Yang Shangkun President of the People's Republic of China Vice-Chairman of the Central Military Commission Li Xiannian Chairman of the Conference National Committee Wan Li Chairman of the Congress Standing Committee Wang Zhen Vice President of the People's Republic of China Jiang Zemin Communist Party Shanghai Municipal Secretary Li Ximing Communist Party Beijing Municipal Secretary Zhu Rongji Mayor of Shanghai Chen Xitong Mayor of Beijing Hu Jintao Communist Party Tibet Regional Secretary Wen Jiabao Chief of the General Office of the Communist Party of China Bold text indicates membership in the Politburo Standing Committee Italics text indicates Great Eminent Officials Title: Revolutions of 1989 Passage: The events of the full - blown revolution began in Poland in 1989 and continued in Hungary, East Germany, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia and Romania. One feature common to most of these developments was the extensive use of campaigns of civil resistance, demonstrating popular opposition to the continuation of one - party rule and contributing to the pressure for change. Romania was the only Eastern Bloc country whose people overthrew its Communist regime violently. Protests in Tiananmen Square (April to June 1989) failed to stimulate major political changes in China, but influential images of courageous defiance during that protest helped to precipitate events in other parts of the globe. On 4 June 1989 the trade union Solidarity won an overwhelming victory in a partially free election in Poland, leading to the peaceful fall of Communism in that country in the summer of 1989. Hungary began (June 1989) dismantling its section of the physical Iron Curtain, leading to a exodus of East Germans through Hungary, which destabilised East Germany. This led to mass demonstrations in cities such as Leipzig and subsequently to the fall of the Berlin Wall in November 1989, which served as the symbolic gateway to German reunification in 1990. Title: Rolf Jähnichen Passage: Rolf Jähnichen joined the Christian Democratic Union (East Germany) in 1981. (Unlike its west German counterpart, the East German CDU, as part of the country's National Front alliance was effectively controlled by the country's ruling SED party.) Between 1984 and 1989 Jähnichen was a member of the local council in his hometown of , on the edge of Leipzig. Between 1989 and 1990 he was a member of the CDU party executive. Title: Most favoured nation Passage: MFN / NTR status for China, a non-market economy, which had been originally suspended in 1951, was restored in 1980 and was continued in effect through subsequent annual Presidential extensions. Following the massacre of pro-democracy demonstrators in Tiananmen Square in 1989, however, the annual renewal of China's MFN status became a source of considerable debate in the Congress; and legislation was introduced to terminate China's MFN / NTR status or to impose additional conditions relating to improvements in China's actions on various trade and non-trade issues. Agricultural interests generally opposed attempts to block MFN / NTR renewal for China, contending that several billion dollars annually in current and future U.S. agricultural exports could be jeopardized if that country retaliated. In China's case, Congress agreed to permanent normal trade relations (PNTR) status in P.L. 106 - 286, President Clinton signed into law on October 10, 2000. PNTR paved the way for China's accession to the WTO in December 2000; it provides U.S. exporters of agricultural products the opportunity to benefit from China's WTO agreements to reduce trade barriers and open its agricultural markets. Title: State Rowdy Passage: State Rowdy is a 1989 Telugu film directed by B. Gopal. The film stars Chiranjeevi in the lead, while Radha, Bhanupriya, Sharada, Rao Gopal Rao, Thiagarajan and Nutan Prasad are among the other cast.It is a hit movie. Title: Iosif Dan Passage: Iosif Dan (commonly known as Dan Iosif, 14 October 1950 – 5 December 2007) was a Romanian politician who was a leading figure in the 1989 Romanian revolution, leading protests in Bucharest in the final days of Nicolae Ceauşescu's 25-year rule. Title: 2008 Summer Olympics torch relay Passage: Turkey: The torch relay leg in Istanbul, held on April 3, started on Sultanahmet Square and finished in Taksim Square. Uyghurs living in Turkey protested at Chinese treatment of their compatriots living in Xinjiang. Several protesters who tried to disrupt the relay were promptly arrested by the police. Title: RAO UES Passage: The reorganization of RAO UES started in 2006. The first stage of the reorganization was completed on September 3, 2007, during which subsidiary generating companies, WGC-5 and TGC-5, were individually spun off from the parent RAO UES. During a second stage of reorganization, all remaining subsidiaries of RAO UES were spun off (by July 1, 2008). Title: Deng Pufang Passage: Deng Pufang () (born 16 April 1944) is the first son of China's former Paramount leader Deng Xiaoping. He is mostly known for being crippled by the Red Guards and becoming a paraplegic. He has since dedicated his life to improving the rights of people with disabilities. Title: Euromaidan Passage: Euromaidan (; , , , literally "Euro[pean] Square") was a wave of demonstrations and civil unrest in Ukraine, which began on the night of 21 November 2013 with public protests in Maidan Nezalezhnosti ("Independence Square") in Kiev. The protests were sparked by the Ukrainian government's decision to suspend the signing of an association agreement with the European Union, instead choosing closer ties to Russia and the Eurasian Economic Union. The scope of the protests soon widened, with calls for the resignation of President Viktor Yanukovych and his government. The protests were fueled by the perception of "widespread government corruption", "abuse of power", and "violation of human rights in Ukraine". Transparency International named President Yanukovych as the top example of corruption in the world. The situation escalated after the violent dispersal of protesters on 30 November, leading to many more protesters joining. The protests led to the 2014 Ukrainian revolution.	[ "Deng Pufang", "1989 Tiananmen Square protests", "Rao Shushi" ]
What school was the director of Sukumar Ray educated at?	Visva-Bharati University	[]	Title: Prakash Padukone Passage: Prakash Padukone's life story has been chronicled in the biography 'Touch Play', by Dev S. Sukumar. The book is only the second biography of any badminton player. Title: Anna Maria Tarantola Passage: Anna Maria Tarantola (Casalpusterlengo, February 3, 1945) is an Italian manager, former director of the Bank of Italy and former President of Rai since 8 June 2012 to 5 August 2015. Title: Prem Sanyas Passage: A tale from India about the origin of the Buddha, "Prem Sanyas" depicts the story of Prince Siddhartha Gautama (portrayed by director Himansu Rai), the man who became the Buddha, as he journeys from privilege and seclusion to awareness of the inevitability of life's suffering, finally renouncing his kingdom to seek enlightenment. Title: Two (1964 film) Passage: Two: A Film Fable is a 1964, black-and-white short film directed by the Indian director Satyajit Ray. The film was made under the banner of Esso World Theater at the request of a non-profit American public broadcasting television, PBS. It was made as part of a trilogy of short films from India. The other two films in the trilogy featured Indian Sitar player, Pandit Ravi Shankar and a Ballet troupe from Mumbai, then known as "Bombay". Ray, who worked prominently for Bengali cinema, was requested to make a film in English language with a Bengali setting, however Ray being an admirer of silent film decided to make a film without any dialogue as a tribute to the genre. Title: Zachary Carrettin Passage: Zachary Carrettin is an American violinist, violist, conductor, and music educator. Carrettin is currently the Artistic Director and Executive Director of Boulder Bach Festival. Title: One Night Husband Passage: One Night Husband ( or "Kuen rai ngao") is a 2003 Thai thriller film directed by Pimpaka Towira and co-written by Pimpaka and Prabda Yoon. It was the debut feature film for Pimpaka, an independent film director and one of the few female directors working in the Thai film industry. "One Night Husband" was also the film debut of Thai-Canadian pop singer Nicole Theriault. Title: Department of General and Higher Education (Kerala) Passage: Department of Education വിദ്യാഭ്യാസ വകുപ്പ് Agency overview Formed 1995 Jurisdiction Kerala Headquarters Thiruvananthapuram Agency executives Prof C. Ravindranath, Minister for Education Shri. A.P.M. Mohammed Hanish IAS, Secretary, General Education Department Parent agency Government of Kerala Child agencies IT@School Project Director of Public Instruction Website http://www.education.kerala.gov.in/ Title: The Aryan School Passage: The Aryan School is a co-educational independent boarding school in Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India. Founded in 2001 by Sunny Gupta director of Wheezal Labs, "the biggest homoeopathic combinations unit in northern India". The school offers modern education based on the Vedic principal. Title: Satyajit Ray Passage: Although they were Bengali Kayasthas, the Rays were 'Vaishnavas' (worshippers of Vishnu) as against majority Bengali Kayasthas who were 'Shaktos' (worshippers of the Shakti) .Sukumar Ray died when Satyajit was barely three, and the family survived on Suprabha Ray's meager income. Ray studied at Ballygunge Government High School, Calcutta, and completed his BA in economics at Presidency College, Calcutta then affiliated with the University of Calcutta,(now Kolkata)though his interest was always in fine arts. In 1940, his mother insisted that he studied at the Visva-Bharati University at Santiniketan, founded by Rabindranath Tagore. Ray was reluctant due to his love of Calcutta, and the low opinion of the intellectual life at Santiniketan. His mother's persuasion and his respect for Tagore finally convinced him to try. In Santiniketan, Ray came to appreciate Oriental art. He later admitted that he learned much from the famous painters Nandalal Bose and Benode Behari Mukherjee. Later he produced a documentary film, The Inner Eye, about Mukherjee. His visits to Ajanta, Ellora and Elephanta stimulated his admiration for Indian art. Title: Claude R. Canizares Passage: Claude R. Canizares stepped down June 30, 2015 from his post as Vice President of MIT. He remains the Bruno Rossi Professor of Physics at MIT and associate director for MIT of the Chandra X-Ray Observatory Center. He is on sabbatical for the 2015-2016 school year. Title: Robin Ray Passage: The children's television programme "Sounds Exciting", broadcast in 1968, was a musical education series culminating in a final "whodunit" called "Dead in Tune" with Robin Ray's original story set to the music of Herbert Chappell performed by a chamber group of players from the Leicestershire Schools Symphony Orchestra. Two years later Argo recorded the piece using an ensemble of 45 LSSO players conducted by Herbert Chappell. This LP also included a new commission, "George and the Dragonfly", with John Kershaw's words set to the music of Herbert Chappell and narrated by Robin Ray, John Kershaw and Susan Stranks (Robin Ray's wife). Title: Infestation (film) Passage: Infestation is a 2009 Horror-Comedy feature film by American writer/director Kyle Rankin. It was produced by Mel Gibson's Icon Entertainment and starring Chris Marquette, E. Quincy Sloan, Brooke Nevin, Kinsey Packard, Deborah Geffner and Ray Wise. It was filmed in Bulgaria. Title: Sukumar Ray (film) Passage: Sukumar Ray is a 1987 Bengali short documentary film made by Satyajit Ray on his father, Sukumar Ray. It was released during the birth centenary year of Sukumar Ray, who was born on 30 October 1887. The thirty minutes documentary features the life and some of the works by Sukumar Ray in the form of paintings, photographs and readings. This is the last documentary made by Satyajit Ray as a tribute to his father, before he died in 1992. The documentary used Sukumar Ray's photographs and paintings than video recording as the film was considerably a new medium in India when Sukumar Ray died in 1923. Title: Blu-ray Passage: The first consumer device arrived in stores on April 10, 2003: the Sony BDZ - S77, a $3,800 (US) BD - RE recorder that was made available only in Japan. But there was no standard for prerecorded video, and no movies were released for this player. Hollywood studios insisted that players be equipped with digital rights management before they would release movies for the new format, and they wanted a new DRM system that would be more secure than the failed Content Scramble System (CSS) used on DVDs. On October 4, 2004, the name ``Blu - ray Disc Founders ''was officially changed to the Blu - ray Disc Association (BDA), and 20th Century Fox joined the BDA's Board of Directors. The Blu - ray Disc physical specifications were completed in 2004. Title: H. S. S. Lawrence Passage: As Special Officer for restructuring Educational Pattern in Tamil Nadu and as Director of School Education, Lawrence planned and implemented the All India 10+2+3 pattern of education in 1978. During 1993–1994, Lawrence was Chairman of a High Level Committee on Vocational Education, constituted by the Government of Tamil Nadu, and solved the long-standing problem of salaries for the vocational teachers by raising it and installed a strong management structure for Vocational Education in Tamil Nadu. He was conferred the title of "Father of Vocational Education in Tamil Nadu". Title: Prafulla Chandra Ray Passage: Acharya Sir Prafulla Chandra Ray also spelled Prafulla Chandra Rây CIE (Bengali: প্রফুল্ল চন্দ্র রায় Praphulla Chandra Rāy; 2 August 1861 -- 16 June 1944) was a Bengali chemist, educator and entrepreneur. Title: Saint Helena Passage: The Education and Employment Directorate also offers programmes for students with special needs, vocational training, adult education, evening classes, and distance learning. The island has a public library (the oldest in the Southern Hemisphere) and a mobile library service which operates weekly rural areas. Title: The Inner Eye Passage: The Inner Eye is a 1972 short documentary film made by Satyajit Ray on Benode Behari Mukherjee, a blind artist and a teacher from Visva-Bharati University, a university founded by Rabindranath Tagore at Santiniketan. The twenty minutes documentary features the life and works of Mukherjee in the form of paintings and photographs, starring himself. The documentary covers his journey from childhood till his blindness along with much of his works and features his words, "Blindness is a new feeling, a new experience, a new state of being". The documentary was awarded as Best Information Film (Documentary) at 20th National Film Awards in 1972. Title: Avengers: Infinity War Passage: Avengers: Infinity War was released on digital download by Walt Disney Studios Home Entertainment on July 31, 2018, and on Ultra HD Blu - ray, Blu - ray, and DVD on August 14. The digital and Blu - ray releases include behind - the - scenes featurettes, audio commentary, deleted scenes, and a blooper reel. The digital release also features a roundtable discussion between MCU directors the Russos, Jon Favreau, Joss Whedon, James Gunn, Ryan Coogler, Peyton Reed, and Taika Waititi. The physical releases in its first week of sale were the top home media release. Title: Another Wild Idea Passage: Another Wild Idea is a 1934 American Pre-Code short comedy science fiction film starring Charley Chase, who was also the film's director. This short comedy movie focuses on a Ray Gun which releases all of a persons inhibitions.	[ "The Inner Eye", "Sukumar Ray (film)" ]
What role did the territory where Caparra is located play before it became a commonwealth?	a key part of the Spanish Empire	[]	Title: Zec Bras-Coupé–Désert Passage: The ZEC Bras-Coupé-Desert is a "zone d'exploitation contrôlée" (controlled harvesting zone) (ZEC), located in the unorganized territory of Lac-Pythonga in La Vallée-de-la-Gatineau Regional County Municipality, in the administrative region of Outaouais, in Quebec, in Canada. Title: Union territory Passage: A union territory is a type of administrative division in the Republic of India. Unlike states, which have their own elected governments, union territories are ruled directly by the Union Government (central government), hence the name ``union territory ''. Union territories in India qualify as federal territories, by definition. Title: Academia San José Passage: Academia San José High School is a Christian school, located in Villa Caparra, Puerto Rico. The school offers children activities to participate in. Title: Puerto Rico Passage: Puerto Rico (Spanish for ``Rich Port ''), officially the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico (Spanish: Estado Libre Asociado de Puerto Rico, lit.`` Free Associated State of Puerto Rico'') and briefly called Porto Rico, is an unincorporated territory of the United States located in the northeast Caribbean Sea. Title: History of Australia Passage: The Federal Capital Territory (FCT) was formed from New South Wales in 1911 to provide a location for the proposed new federal capital of Canberra (Melbourne was the seat of government from 1901 to 1927). The FCT was renamed the Australian Capital Territory (ACT) in 1938. The Northern Territory was transferred from the control of the South Australian government to the Commonwealth in 1911. Title: Minsk Voivodeship Passage: Minsk Voivodeship (, , ) was a unit of administrative division and local government in Grand Duchy of Lithuania since 1566 and later in Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, until the partitions of the Commonwealth in 1793. Centred on the city of Minsk and subordinate to the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, the region continued the traditions – and shared the borders – of several previously existing units of administrative division, notably a separate Duchy of Minsk, annexed by Lithuania in the 13th century. It was replaced with Minsk Governorate in 1793. Title: Caparra Creek Passage: Caparra Creek, a perennial stream of the Manning River catchment, is located in the Mid North Coast region of New South Wales, Australia. Title: Paea Passage: Paea is a commune in the suburbs of Papeete in French Polynesia, an overseas territory of France in the southern Pacific Ocean. Paea is located on the island of Tahiti, in the administrative subdivision of the Windward Islands, themselves part of the Society Islands. At the 2017 census it had a population of 13,021. Title: Biysky District Passage: Biysky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-nine in Altai Krai, Russia. It is located in the east of the krai and borders with Zonalny, Tselinny, Soltonsky, Krasnogorsky, Sovetsky, and Smolensky Districts, as well as with the territory of the City of Biysk. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Biysk (which is not administratively a part of the district). District's population: Title: Territory of Papua Passage: In 1949, the Territory and the Territory of New Guinea were established in an administrative union by the name of the Territory of Papua and New Guinea. That administrative union was renamed as Papua New Guinea in 1971. Notwithstanding that it was part of an administrative union, the Territory of Papua at all times retained a distinct legal status and identity; it was a Possession of the Crown whereas the Territory of New Guinea was initially a League of Nations mandate territory and subsequently a United Nations trust territory. This important legal and political distinction remained until the advent of the Independent State of Papua New Guinea in 1975. Title: Commonwealth of Nations Passage: The Commonwealth of Nations (formerly the British Commonwealth), also known as simply the Commonwealth, is an intergovernmental organisation of 53 member states that are mostly former territories of the British Empire. The Commonwealth operates by intergovernmental consensus of the member states, organised through the Commonwealth Secretariat and non-governmental organisations, organised through the Commonwealth Foundation. Title: British Empire Passage: Britain retains sovereignty over 14 territories outside the British Isles. In 1983, the British Nationality Act 1981 renamed the existing Crown Colonies as "British Dependent Territories", and in 2002 they were renamed the British Overseas Territories. Three are uninhabited except for transient military or scientific personnel; the remaining eleven are self-governing to varying degrees and are reliant on the UK for foreign relations and defence. The British government has stated its willingness to assist any Overseas Territory that wishes to proceed to independence, where that is an option, and three territories have specifically voted to remain under British sovereignty (Bermuda in 1995, Gibraltar in 2002 and the Falkland Islands in 2013).British sovereignty of several of the overseas territories is disputed by their geographical neighbours: Gibraltar is claimed by Spain, the Falkland Islands and South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands are claimed by Argentina, and the British Indian Ocean Territory is claimed by Mauritius and Seychelles. The British Antarctic Territory is subject to overlapping claims by Argentina and Chile, while many countries do not recognise any territorial claims in Antarctica.Most former British colonies and protectorates are among the 52 member states of the Commonwealth of Nations, a non-political, voluntary association of equal members, comprising a population of around 2.2 billion people. Sixteen Commonwealth realms voluntarily continue to share the British monarch, Queen Elizabeth II, as their head of state. These sixteen nations are distinct and equal legal entities – the United Kingdom, Australia, Canada, New Zealand, Antigua and Barbuda, The Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Grenada, Jamaica, Papua New Guinea, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Solomon Islands and Tuvalu. Title: Commonwealth of Nations Passage: The Commonwealth of Nations, normally known as the Commonwealth, is an intergovernmental organisation of 53 member states that are mostly former territories of the British Empire. The chief institutions of the organisation are the Commonwealth Secretariat, which focuses on intergovernmental aspects, and the Commonwealth Foundation, which focuses on non-governmental relations between member states. Title: Bogotá Passage: Bogotá (/ ˈboʊɡətɑː /, / ˌbɒɡəˈtɑː /, / ˌboʊ - /; Spanish pronunciation: (boɣoˈta) (listen)), officially Bogotá, Distrito Capital, abbreviated Bogotá, D.C., and formerly known as Santafé de Bogotá between 1991 and 2000, is the capital and largest city of Colombia, administered as the Capital District, although often thought of as part of Cundinamarca. Bogotá is a territorial entity of the first order, with the same administrative status as the departments of Colombia. It is the political, economic, administrative, industrial, artistic, cultural, and sports center of the country. Title: Vilnius County Passage: Vilnius County () is the largest of the 10 counties of Lithuania, located in the east of the country around the city Vilnius. On 1 July 2010, the county administration was abolished, and since that date, Vilnius County remains as the territorial and statistical unit. Title: Alice Springs Correctional Centre Passage: The Alice Springs Correctional Centre, an Australian medium to maximum security prison for males and females, is located outside Alice Springs, Northern Territory, Australia. The centre is managed by Northern Territory Correctional Services, an agency of the Department of Justice of the Government of the Northern Territory. The centre detains sentenced and charged felons under Northern Territory and/or Commonwealth law. Title: Puerto Rico Passage: Puerto Rico (Spanish for ``Rich Port ''), officially the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico (Spanish: Estado Libre Asociado de Puerto Rico, lit.`` Free Associated State of Puerto Rico'') and briefly called Porto Rico, is an unincorporated territory of the United States located in the northeast Caribbean Sea, approximately 1,000 miles (1,600 km) southeast of Miami, Florida. Title: History of Puerto Rico Passage: Located in the northeastern Caribbean, Puerto Rico formed a key part of the Spanish Empire from the early years of the exploration, conquest and colonization of the New World. The island was a major military post during many wars between Spain and other European powers for control of the region in the 16th, 17th and 18th centuries. The smallest of the Greater Antilles, Puerto Rico was a stepping - stone in the passage from Europe to Cuba, Mexico, Central America, and the northern territories of South America. Throughout most of the 19th century until the conclusion of the Spanish -- American War, Puerto Rico and Cuba were the last two Spanish colonies in the New World; they served as Spain's final outposts in a strategy to regain control of the American continents. Realizing that it was in danger of losing its two remaining Caribbean territories, the Spanish Crown revived the Royal Decree of Graces of 1815. The decree was printed in Spanish, English and French in order to attract Europeans, with the hope that the independence movements would lose their popularity and strength with the arrival of new settlers. Free land was offered to those who wanted to populate the islands on the condition that they swear their loyalty to the Spanish Crown and allegiance to the Roman Catholic Church. Title: Khabarovsky District Passage: Khabarovsky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the seventeen in Khabarovsk Krai, Russia. It consists of two unconnected segments separated by the territory of Amursky District, which are located in the southwest of the krai. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Khabarovsk (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population: Title: List of countries and territories with the Union Jack displayed on their flag Passage: This is a list of countries and territories with a flag that incorporates the Union Jack. Six Commonwealth nations have the Union Jack on their national flag. The first Commonwealth country to drop the Union Jack was Canada in 1965, after adopting a new national flag. The most recent country to drop the Union Jack from its flag was South Africa in 1994, after adopting a new national flag. The only overseas territory without the Union Jack on its current flag is Gibraltar.	[ "History of Puerto Rico", "Academia San José" ]
Who owned the 100+ Station Group that shared its name with the network that broadcast Superstar USA?	Warner Bros.	[ "WB" ]	Title: WYRA Passage: WYRA (98.5 FM) is a broadcast radio station licensed to Confluence, Pennsylvania and serving the Confluence/Uniontown/Somerset area. WYRA is owned and operated by Educational Media Foundation and broadcasts a Christian Worship format as part of the Air 1 network. Title: WGRO Passage: WGRO (960 AM) is a radio station primarily serving the Lake City, Florida, area, owned by Fred Dockins, through licensee Dockins Broadcast Group, LLC. Title: CIKT-FM Passage: CIKT-FM is a Canadian radio station that broadcasts an Adult hits format at 98.9 FM in Grande Prairie, Alberta. The station is branded as Q99 and is owned by The Jim Pattison Broadcast Group. Title: Superstar USA Passage: The WB's Superstar USA is a television show that spoofed the popular show "American Idol". Essentially its polar opposite, "Superstar USA" told contestants they were looking for the best singer when they were actually looking for the worst. Title: WWGC Passage: WWGC AM 1090 is a radio station licensed to serve Albertville, Alabama. The station is owned by The Jeff Beck Broadcasting Group, LLC. It airs a Latino Music programming format. Title: WKCM Passage: WKCM (1160 AM) is an American radio station licensed to serve the community of Hawesville, Kentucky. The station is owned and operated by Hancock Communications, Inc., doing business as the Cromwell Radio Group, and the station's broadcast license is held by Hancock Communications, Inc. Title: WBUL-FM Passage: WBUL-FM (98.1 FM, "The Bull") is one of four country music FM radio stations serving the Lexington, Kentucky radio market. The station broadcasts with an ERP of 100,000 watts, with a 100-mile broadcasting radius. The station is heard as far south as London, as far east as Grayson, as far north as Cincinnati and as far west as Louisville. iHeartMedia, Inc. currently owns the station. WBUL-FM is the third station broadcasting HD Radio in Lexington along with WUKY, and WKQQ. Title: The WB 100+ Station Group Passage: The WB 100+ Station Group (originally called The WeB from its developmental stages until March 1999) is a defunct programming service operated by The WB Television Network – owned by the Warner Bros. Entertainment division of Time Warner, the Tribune Company and the group's founder, Jamie Kellner – comprising an affiliate group primarily made of non-broadcast local cable television outlets. Operating from September 21, 1998 to September 18, 2006, the service was intended for areas ranked below the top 100 Nielsen Media Research-designated television markets in the United States. Title: CBAF-FM Passage: CBAF-FM (88.5 MHz) is a French-language public Canadian radio station located in Moncton, New Brunswick. The station has a commercial-free news/talk radio format and is the flagship station of the Ici Radio-Canada Première network for Atlantic Canada. CBAF is owned and operated by the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Title: USA Thursday Game of the Week Passage: The USA Thursday Game of the Week is a former television program that broadcast Major League Baseball games on the USA Network. The network no longer airs sporting events. Sister network NBC Sports Network is the primary cable outlet of NBC Sports. Title: WBFX Passage: WBFX (101.3 FM, "The Brew") is a radio station broadcasting a mainstream rock format, serving the Grand Rapids, Michigan market and owned and operated by iHeartMedia. WBFX is also an affiliate of the Western Michigan Broncos Radio Network. Title: CHIQ-FM Passage: CHIQ-FM is a Canadian radio station broadcasting at 94.3 FM in Winnipeg, Manitoba. The station broadcasts a classic rock format branded as 94-3 The Drive. CHIQ-FM's studios are located at 177 Lombard Avenue in Downtown Winnipeg along with its sister station CFQX-FM, while its transmitter is located near Oak Bluff. Both stations are owned by the Jim Pattison Group. Title: KBCR-FM Passage: KBCR-FM (96.9 FM, "Big Country Radio") is a radio station licensed and broadcasting to Steamboat Springs, Colorado, USA. The station broadcasts a country music format and is currently owned by Don Tlapek, through licensee Blizzard Broadcasting LLC. Title: KVEN Passage: KVEN (1450 AM, "SportsRadio 1450") is a sports radio station licensed to Ventura, California, carrying the national CBS Sports Network but no locally-originated programming. It is owned by Cumulus Media and broadcasts at a power of 1,000 watts. Title: KCNW Passage: KCNW (1380 AM) is an American radio station licensed to serve the community of Fairway, Kansas. The station broadcasts a religious radio format to the Kansas City metropolitan area with a 2,500-watt daytime and 29-watt nighttime signal. KCNW is owned by Wilkins Communication Network and the broadcast license is held by Kansas City Radio, Inc. Title: CIBW-FM Passage: CIBW-FM is a Canadian radio station that broadcasts a country music format at 92.9 FM in Drayton Valley, Alberta. The station is branded as Big West Country and is owned by the Jim Pattison Broadcast Group. Title: CHAM Passage: CHAM is a Canadian radio station in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. Owned by Bell Media, the station broadcasts Premiere Radio Networks' "24/7 Comedy" radio network under the brand "Funny 820". CHAM's studios are located on Upper Wentworth Street near Lime Ridge Mall in Hamilton, while its 6-tower array is located near Binbrook. Title: WDTT-LD Passage: WDTT-LD is a low-powered television station that is licensed to and based in Knoxville, Tennessee, USA. Owned by Word of God Fellowship, Inc., the station is a Daystar Television Network affiliate, and it broadcasts a digital signal on UHF channel 24. The signal originates at a transmitter located near Sharp Ridge. Title: WITA Passage: WITA (1490 AM, "Inspiration 1490") is a Christian radio station located in Knoxville, Tennessee. It broadcasts a Christian format with some conservative talk shows and news from the USA Radio Network. Title: KKNT Passage: KKNT (960 AM, "960 The Patriot") is a radio station broadcasting a talk radio format. KKNT is licensed to Phoenix, Arizona, United States, and broadcasts at 5000 watts. The station is owned by Salem Communications Holding Corporation, a subsidiary of the Salem Media Group.	[ "The WB 100+ Station Group", "Superstar USA" ]
When did the state encompassing Lumberton become a right to work state?	1954	[]	Title: Territory of Papua Passage: In 1949, the Territory and the Territory of New Guinea were established in an administrative union by the name of the Territory of Papua and New Guinea. That administrative union was renamed as Papua New Guinea in 1971. Notwithstanding that it was part of an administrative union, the Territory of Papua at all times retained a distinct legal status and identity; it was a Possession of the Crown whereas the Territory of New Guinea was initially a League of Nations mandate territory and subsequently a United Nations trust territory. This important legal and political distinction remained until the advent of the Independent State of Papua New Guinea in 1975. Title: Kennedy Space Center Passage: The John F. Kennedy Space Center (KSC, originally known as the NASA Launch Operations Center) is one of ten National Aeronautics and Space Administration field centers. Since December 1968, the KSC has been NASA's primary launch center of human spaceflight. Launch operations for the Apollo, Skylab and Space Shuttle programs were carried out from Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39 and managed by KSC. Located on the east coast of Florida, KSC is adjacent to Cape Canaveral Air Force Station (CCAFS). The management of the two entities work very closely together, share resources, and even own facilities on each other's property. Title: Wardville, Oklahoma Passage: Wardville is a small unincorporated community in northern Atoka County, Oklahoma, United States, along State Highway 131 14 miles northeast of Coalgate, Oklahoma. The post office was established February 6, 1902 under the name Herbert, Oklahoma. Herbert was located in Atoka County, Choctaw Nation, a territorial-era entity which included portions of today's Atoka, Coal, Hughes and Pittsburg counties. The town was named after Herbert Ward, who was the youngest son of the towns first postmaster, Henry Pleasant Ward. The name of the town was changed to Wardville on July 18, 1907. Wardville was named for the before mentioned Henry Pleasant Ward, who served in the territorial House of Representatives and Senate and was an Atoka County judge. The Wardville Post Office closed in 2007. Title: Right-to-work law Passage: Alabama (adopted 1953, Constitution 2016) Arizona (Constitution, State Constitution Article 25 approved 1946) (adopted 1944) Arkansas (Constitution, 1947, Amendment 34) Florida (Constitution, 1944, revised 1968, Article 1, Section 6) Georgia (adopted 1947) Idaho (adopted 1985) Indiana (State law, 2012) Iowa (adopted 1947) Kansas (Constitution, 1958, Article 15, Section 12) Kentucky (adopted 2017) Louisiana (adopted 1976) Michigan (State law, 2012) Mississippi (Constitution, adopted 1954) Missouri (adopted 2017) (Postponed by petition to 2018 for citizen voting) Nebraska (Constitution and statute, adopted 1946) Nevada (adopted 1951) North Carolina (adopted 1947) North Dakota (adopted 1947) Oklahoma (Constitution, adopted 2001) South Carolina (adopted 1954) South Dakota (adopted 1946) Tennessee (adopted 1947) Texas (adopted 1947, revised 1993) Utah (adopted 1955) Virginia (adopted 1947) West Virginia (adopted 2016) (Went into effect September 2017 due to lower court injunctions) Wisconsin (adopted 2015) Wyoming (adopted 1963) Title: Territories of the United States Passage: Territories of the United States are sub-national administrative divisions directly overseen by the United States Federal Government. Unlike U.S. states and Native American tribes which exercise limited sovereignty alongside the federal government, territories are without sovereignty. The territories are classified by whether they are incorporated and whether they have an ``organized ''government through an Organic Act passed by the U.S. Congress. Title: Republic of Užice Passage: The Republic of Užice ( / ) was a short-lived liberated Yugoslav territory and the first liberated territory in World War II Europe, organized as a military mini-state that existed in the autumn of 1941 in occupied Yugoslavia, more specifically the western part of the Territory of the Military Commander in Serbia. The Republic was established by the Partisan resistance movement and its administrative center was in the town of Užice. Title: Vilnius County Passage: Vilnius County () is the largest of the 10 counties of Lithuania, located in the east of the country around the city Vilnius. On 1 July 2010, the county administration was abolished, and since that date, Vilnius County remains as the territorial and statistical unit. Title: Cyprus Passage: The Greek Cypriot population, meanwhile, had become hopeful that the British administration would lead to enosis. The idea of enosis was historically part of the Megali Idea, a greater political ambition of a Greek state encompassing the territories with Greek inhabitants in the former Ottoman Empire, including Cyprus and Asia Minor with a capital in Constantinople, and was actively pursued by the Cypriot Orthodox Church, which had its members educated in Greece. These religious officials, together with Greek military officers and professionals, some of whom still pursued the Megali Idea, would later found the guerrilla organisation Ethniki Organosis Kyprion Agoniston or National Organisation of Cypriot Fighters (EOKA). The Greek Cypriots viewed the island as historically Greek and believed that union with Greece was a natural right. In the 1950s, the pursuit of enosis became a part of the Greek national policy, Title: Garth Pettitt Passage: Robert Garth Pettitt (14 August 1932—29 May 1992) was a British civil servant in the Foreign and Commonwealth Office, and subsequently worked at the Overseas Development Authority. His work was vital for the process of becoming independent for a number of former British territories in the Pacific. Title: Zec Bras-Coupé–Désert Passage: The ZEC Bras-Coupé-Desert is a "zone d'exploitation contrôlée" (controlled harvesting zone) (ZEC), located in the unorganized territory of Lac-Pythonga in La Vallée-de-la-Gatineau Regional County Municipality, in the administrative region of Outaouais, in Quebec, in Canada. Title: Bogotá Passage: Bogotá (/ ˈboʊɡətɑː /, / ˌbɒɡəˈtɑː /, / ˌboʊ - /; Spanish pronunciation: (boɣoˈta) (listen)), officially Bogotá, Distrito Capital, abbreviated Bogotá, D.C., and formerly known as Santafé de Bogotá between 1991 and 2000, is the capital and largest city of Colombia, administered as the Capital District, although often thought of as part of Cundinamarca. Bogotá is a territorial entity of the first order, with the same administrative status as the departments of Colombia. It is the political, economic, administrative, industrial, artistic, cultural, and sports center of the country. Title: States of Germany Passage: Local associations of a special kind are an amalgamation of one or more Landkreise with one or more Kreisfreie Städte to form a replacement of the aforementioned administrative entities at the district level. They are intended to implement simplification of administration at that level. Typically, a district-free city or town and its urban hinterland are grouped into such an association, or Kommunalverband besonderer Art. Such an organization requires the issuing of special laws by the governing state, since they are not covered by the normal administrative structure of the respective states. Title: Batu Kawa Passage: Batu Kawa is a suburban area located right next to the 3rd Mile Roundabout in Kuching Division, State of Sarawak in Malaysia. The town is administratively under the Kuching South City Council. The Pan Borneo Highway passing through the area links Kuching City with Bau, Lundu and Sematan further west. This place is also known to have many hornet nest. Title: Lumberton, Mississippi Passage: Lumberton is a city in Lamar and Pearl River counties, Mississippi. It is part of the Hattiesburg, Mississippi Metropolitan Statistical Area. The population was 2,228 at the 2000 census. Title: Union territory Passage: A union territory is a type of administrative division in the Republic of India. Unlike states, which have their own elected governments, union territories are ruled directly by the Union Government (central government), hence the name ``union territory ''. Union territories in India qualify as federal territories, by definition. Title: Paea Passage: Paea is a commune in the suburbs of Papeete in French Polynesia, an overseas territory of France in the southern Pacific Ocean. Paea is located on the island of Tahiti, in the administrative subdivision of the Windward Islands, themselves part of the Society Islands. At the 2017 census it had a population of 13,021. Title: Biysky District Passage: Biysky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-nine in Altai Krai, Russia. It is located in the east of the krai and borders with Zonalny, Tselinny, Soltonsky, Krasnogorsky, Sovetsky, and Smolensky Districts, as well as with the territory of the City of Biysk. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Biysk (which is not administratively a part of the district). District's population: Title: Bill of rights Passage: Australia is the only common law country with neither a constitutional nor federal legislative bill of rights to protect its citizens, although there is ongoing debate in many of Australia's states. In 1973, Federal Attorney - General Lionel Murphy introduced a human rights Bill into parliament, although it was never passed. In 1984, Senator Stephen Bunce drafted a Bill of Rights, but it was never introduced into parliament, and in 1985, Senator Lionel Bowen introduced a bill of rights, which was passed by the House of Representatives, but failed to pass the Senate. Former Australian Prime Minister John Howard has argued against a bill of rights for Australia on the grounds it would transfer power from elected politicians (populist politics) to unelected (constitutional) judges and bureaucrats. Victoria and the Australian Capital Territory (ACT) are the only states and territories to have a human rights Act. However, the principle of legality present in the Australian judicial system, seeks to ensure that legislation is interpreted so as not to interfere with basic human rights, unless legislation expressly intends to interfere. Title: Arrondissement of Mechelen Passage: The Arrondissement of Mechelen (; ) is one of the three administrative arrondissements in the Province of Antwerp, Belgium. It is both an administrative and a judicial arrondissement, as the territory for both coincides. Title: Guam Passage: The Compacts of Free Association between the United States, the Federated States of Micronesia, the Republic of the Marshall Islands and the Republic of Palau accorded the former entities of the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands a political status of "free association" with the United States. The Compacts give citizens of these island nations generally no restrictions to reside in the United States (also its territories), and many were attracted to Guam due to its proximity, environmental, and cultural familiarity. Over the years, it was claimed by some in Guam that the territory has had to bear the brunt of this agreement in the form of public assistance programs and public education for those from the regions involved, and the federal government should compensate the states and territories affected by this type of migration.[citation needed] Over the years, Congress had appropriated "Compact Impact" aids to Guam, the Northern Mariana Islands and Hawaii, and eventually this appropriation was written into each renewed Compact. Some, however, continue to claim the compensation is not enough or that the distribution of actual compensation received is significantly disproportionate.[citation needed]	[ "Right-to-work law", "Lumberton, Mississippi" ]
Who runs the Embassy of Northern Cyprus in Binnaz Uslu's birthplace?	Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus	[ "Northern Cyprus", "Turkish Cypriot state", "TRNC", "Republic of Northern Cyprus", "The Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus" ]	Title: Operation Frequent Wind Passage: On the afternoon of 29 April 1975, Hubert van Es, a Saigon-based photographer for United Press International, took the iconic photo of Operation Frequent Wind of an Air America UH-1 on a rooftop picking up Vietnamese evacuees. The building in the photo was the Pittman Apartment building at 22 Gia Long Street (now 22 Lý Tự Trọng Street), which was used as a residence by various embassy, CIA, and USAID employees. It has often been misidentified as the US Embassy. Hubert van Es' photo is frequently used in political cartoons commenting on US foreign policy. Title: Binnaz Uslu Passage: Binnaz Uslu (born March 12, 1985 in Ankara) is a retired Turkish middle-distance and long-distance runner. She was banned from sport for life in 2014, after her second doping violation. The tall athlete at is a member of Enkaspor athletics team, where she was coached by Yahya Sevüktekin. Uslu is a student at the Gazi Üniversitesi in Ankara. Title: Normans Passage: The conquest of Cyprus by the Anglo-Norman forces of the Third Crusade opened a new chapter in the history of the island, which would be under Western European domination for the following 380 years. Although not part of a planned operation, the conquest had much more permanent results than initially expected. Title: Canan Öztoprak Passage: Canan Öztoprak (born 1955) is a Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus Cabinet Minister appointed in the April 2005 TRNC Government of Prime Minister Ferdi Sabit Soyer. Her portfolios are National Education and Culture. She has been an active peace activist and founding member of the Cyprus Conflict Resolution Trainers Group. Title: Embassy of the United Kingdom, Beijing Passage: The Embassy of the United Kingdom in Beijing (or British Embassy, Beijing) is the chief diplomatic mission of the United Kingdom in the People's Republic of China. It is one of Britain's largest overseas embassies. It is located at "11 Guang Hua Lu", in the Chaoyang District. The current British Ambassador to China is Barbara Woodward. Title: Embassy of Northern Cyprus, Ankara Passage: This embassy was established in late 1983 shortly after Turkey signed a treaty with the TRNC recognizing the November 15 1983 Declaration of Independence of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus. The embassy itself is located in the Ankara suburb of Gaziosmanpaşa (not to be confused by the Istanbul suburb of the same name). Title: Iranian Embassy siege Passage: The Iranian Embassy siege took place from 30 April to 5 May 1980, after a group of six armed men stormed the Iranian embassy in South Kensington, London. The gunmen, members of an Iranian Arab group campaigning for Arab national sovereignty in the southern Iranian region of Khuzestan Province, took 26 people hostage -- mostly embassy staff, but also several visitors as well as a police officer who had been guarding the embassy. They demanded the release of Arab prisoners from prisons in Khuzestan and their own safe passage out of the United Kingdom. Margaret Thatcher's government quickly resolved that safe passage would not be granted, and a siege ensued. Over the following days, police negotiators secured the release of five hostages in exchange for minor concessions, such as the broadcasting of the hostage - takers' demands on British television. Title: Anastasiya Novikova Passage: Born in Uzbekistan of Russian parents, Novikova moved to Kazakhstan where she met one of NTK's owners, Rakhat Aliyev. When Aliyev was named ambassador to Austria in 2002, Novikova followed him to Vienna and allegedly became romantically involved. Eyewitnesses who were close associates of Aliyev testified that Novikova became pregnant with Aliyev's daughter, was coerced to marry Daniyar Esten, a cousin of Aliyev who worked at the Kazakh Embassy in Vienna, and then sent to give birth to the baby in Beirut, Lebanon. Title: First Choice Airways Passage: First Choice Airways was a British charter airline of European tour operator TUI Travel PLC, based in Crawley, England until its merger with Thomsonfly to form Thomson Airways (now TUI Airways) in 2008. It flew to more than 60 destinations worldwide from 14 UK and Irish airports. 70% of the airline's services were operated for its parent company, rising to 85% in the summer season, with the remainder on behalf of some 120 other tour operators. It also operated scheduled year-round leisure routes to Cyprus and the resorts of Spain and Portugal. Title: Rainer Rauffmann Passage: After having played mainly for modest clubs in his country of birth, Germany, he revived his career in Cyprus where he played with success for Omonia, eventually representing the Cypriot national team despite having already reached his 30s. Title: Eurocypria Airlines Passage: Eurocypria was established on 25 March 1992 as a wholly owned subsidiary of Cyprus Airways, as the first Cyprus based charter airline. Operations began on 12 June 1992 with two new Airbus A320 aircraft. Two more were added later. Since 2001, the airline has operated scheduled services from Cyprus, and charter flights. Title: Cyprus Passage: Since 1965, following clashes between the two communities, the Turkish Cypriot seats in the House remain vacant. In 1974 Cyprus was divided de facto when the Turkish army occupied the northern third of the island. The Turkish Cypriots subsequently declared independence in 1983 as the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus but were recognised only by Turkey. In 1985 the TRNC adopted a constitution and held its first elections. The United Nations recognises the sovereignty of the Republic of Cyprus over the entire island of Cyprus. Title: Cyprus Passage: Cyprus was placed under British administration based on Cyprus Convention in 1878 and formally annexed by Britain in 1914. Even though Turkish Cypriots made up only 18% of the population, the partition of Cyprus and creation of a Turkish state in the north became a policy of Turkish Cypriot leaders and Turkey in the 1950s. Turkish leaders for a period advocated the annexation of Cyprus to Turkey as Cyprus was considered an "extension of Anatolia" by them; while since the 19th century, the majority Greek Cypriot population and its Orthodox church had been pursuing union with Greece, which became a Greek national policy in the 1950s. Following nationalist violence in the 1950s, Cyprus was granted independence in 1960. In 1963, the 11-year intercommunal violence between Greek Cypriots and Turkish Cypriots started, which displaced more than 25,000 Turkish Cypriots and brought the end of Turkish Cypriot representation in the republic. On 15 July 1974, a coup d'état was staged by Greek Cypriot nationalists and elements of the Greek military junta in an attempt at enosis, the incorporation of Cyprus into Greece. This action precipitated the Turkish invasion of Cyprus, which led to the capture of the present-day territory of Northern Cyprus the following month, after a ceasefire collapsed, and the displacement of over 150,000 Greek Cypriots and 50,000 Turkish Cypriots. A separate Turkish Cypriot state in the north was established in 1983. These events and the resulting political situation are matters of a continuing dispute. Title: Embassy of the Philippines, Washington, D.C. Passage: The Embassy of the Philippines in Washington, D.C. () is the diplomatic mission of the Republic of the Philippines to the United States. It is located at 1600 Massachusetts Avenue, Northwest, Washington, D.C. It predates the independence of the Philippines, and is the oldest Philippine legation overseas, though the distinction of the first Philippine embassy proper overseas, belongs to the Philippine Embassy in Tokyo. Title: Embassy of the United States, Malabo Passage: The United States Embassy in Malabo is the embassy of the United States in the Republic of Equatorial Guinea, in the capital city of Malabo. The embassy is charged with diplomacy and Equatorial Guinea-United States relations. The United States Ambassador to Equatorial is the head of the diplomatic mission of the United States to Equatorial Guinea Title: Serdar Denktaş Passage: Serdar Denktaş (in English often spelled "Serdar Denktash") is son of Rauf Denktaş, the former President of the de facto Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus. Title: Gert Schalkwyk Passage: Gert Schalkwyk (born 9 April 1982 in Klerksdorp, North West) is a South African footballer who plays as a midfielder for Bostancı Bağcıl in the Northern Cyprus Birinci Lig. Title: Cyprus Passage: In the early 21st century the Cypriot economy has diversified and become prosperous. However, in 2012 it became affected by the Eurozone financial and banking crisis. In June 2012, the Cypriot government announced it would need €1.8 billion in foreign aid to support the Cyprus Popular Bank, and this was followed by Fitch downgrading Cyprus's credit rating to junk status. Fitch said Cyprus would need an additional €4 billion to support its banks and the downgrade was mainly due to the exposure of Bank of Cyprus, Cyprus Popular Bank and Hellenic Bank, Cyprus's three largest banks, to the Greek financial crisis. Title: Cyprus Passage: The Republic of Cyprus has de jure sovereignty over the island of Cyprus and its surrounding waters, according to international law, except for the British Overseas Territory of Akrotiri and Dhekelia, administered as Sovereign Base Areas. However, the Republic of Cyprus is de facto partitioned into two main parts; the area under the effective control of the Republic, comprising about 59% of the island's area, and the north, administered by the self-declared Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus, which is recognised only by Turkey, covering about 36% of the island's area. The international community considers the northern part of the island as territory of the Republic of Cyprus occupied by Turkish forces. The occupation is viewed as illegal under international law, amounting to illegal occupation of EU territory since Cyprus became a member of the European Union. Title: Cyprus Passage: The Turkish invasion, followed by occupation and the declaration of independence of the TRNC have been condemned by United Nations resolutions, which are reaffirmed by the Security Council every year. The last major effort to settle the Cyprus dispute was the Annan Plan in 2004, drafted by the then Secretary General, Kofi Annan. The plan was put to a referendum in both Northern Cyprus and the Republic of Cyprus. 65% of Turkish Cypriots voted in support of the plan and 74% Greek Cypriots voted against the plan, claiming that it disproportionately favoured the Turkish side. In total, 66.7% of the voters rejected the Annan Plan V. On 1 May 2004 Cyprus joined the European Union, together with nine other countries. Cyprus was accepted into the EU as a whole, although the EU legislation is suspended in the territory occupied by Turkey (TRNC), until a final settlement of the Cyprus problem. In July 2006, the island served as a haven for people fleeing Lebanon, due to the conflict between Israel and Hezbollah (also called "The July War").	[ "Embassy of Northern Cyprus, Ankara", "Binnaz Uslu" ]
When did the sport of Bruce Sandofrd become an Olympic sport?	1928	[]	Title: Skeleton at the Winter Olympics Passage: Skeleton is a winter sport featured in the Winter Olympics where the competitor rides head - first and prone (lying face down) on a flat sled. It is normally run on an ice track that allows the sled to gain speed by gravity. It was first contested at the 1928 Winter Olympics in St. Moritz and again in 1948 Winter Olympics, after which it was discontinued as an Olympic sport. Skeleton was reintroduced at the 2002 Winter Olympics, with both men's and women's events, and has been held in each Winter Olympic competition since. Skeleton is so - named as the first metal sleds introduced in 1892 were said to resemble a human skeleton. Title: Luge Passage: The first organized meeting of the sport took place in 1883 in Switzerland. In 1913, the Internationale Schlittensportverband or International Sled Sports Federation was founded in Dresden, Germany. This body governed the sport until 1935, when it was incorporated in the Fédération Internationale de Bobsleigh et de Tobogganing (FIBT, International Bobsleigh and Tobogganing Federation). After it had been decided that luge would replace the sport of skeleton at the Olympic Games, the first World Championships in the sport were held in 1955 in Oslo (Norway). In 1957, the Fédération Internationale de Luge de Course (FIL, International Luge Federation) was founded. Luge events were first included in the Olympic Winter Games in 1964. Title: Basque pelota at the 1924 Summer Olympics Passage: Basque Pelota was a demonstration sport at the 1924 Summer Olympics in Paris. It was the second time that the sport was included in the Olympic program; it was an official Olympic sport at the 1900 Games that were also held in Paris. It would be included as a demonstration in another two occasions at the 1968 Games in Mexico City and the 1992 Games in Barcelona. Title: Harihar Banerjee Passage: Harihar Banerjee (born 1 March 1918, date of death unknown) was an Indian sports shooter. He competed at the 1952 Summer Olympics and 1956 Summer Olympics. Title: Sport Passage: A wide range of sports were already established by the time of Ancient Greece and the military culture and the development of sport in Greece influenced one another considerably. Sport became such a prominent part of their culture that the Greeks created the Olympic Games, which in ancient times were held every four years in a small village in the Peloponnesus called Olympia.Sports have been increasingly organised and regulated from the time of the ancient Olympics up to the present century. Industrialisation has brought increased leisure time, letting people attend and follow spectator sports and participate in athletic activities. These trends continued with the advent of mass media and global communication. Professionalism became prevalent, further adding to the increase in sport's popularity, as sports fans followed the exploits of professional athletes – all while enjoying the exercise and competition associated with amateur participation in sports. Since the turn of the 21st century, there has been increasing debate about whether transgender sportspersons should be able to participate in sport events that conform with their post-transition gender identity. Title: Yury Nikandrov Passage: Yury Nikandrov (22 November 1923 – 21 December 2018) was a Russian sport shooter who competed in the 1952 Summer Olympics, in the 1956 Summer Olympics, and in the 1960 Summer Olympics. Title: Figure skating at the Olympic Games Passage: Figure skating was first contested in the Olympic Games at the 1908 Summer Olympics. Since 1924, the sport has been a part of the Winter Olympic Games. Title: Olympic Games Passage: The modern Olympic Games or Olympics (French: Jeux olympiques) are leading international sporting events featuring summer and winter sports competitions in which thousands of athletes from around the world participate in a variety of competitions. The Olympic Games are considered the world's foremost sports competition with more than 200 nations participating. The Olympic Games are held every four years, with the Summer and Winter Games alternating by occurring every four years but two years apart. Title: Badminton Passage: The game developed in British India from the earlier game of battledore and shuttlecock. European play came to be dominated by Denmark but the game has become very popular in Asia, with recent competitions dominated by China. Since 1992, badminton has been a Summer Olympic sport with four events: men's singles, women's singles, men's doubles, and women's doubles, with mixed doubles added four years later. At high levels of play, the sport demands excellent fitness: players require aerobic stamina, agility, strength, speed, and precision. It is also a technical sport, requiring good motor coordination and the development of sophisticated racquet movements. Title: Harry Buck Passage: Harry Crowe Buck (November 25, 1884 -- July 24, 1943) was an American college sports coach and physical education instructor. He founded the YMCA College of Physical Education at Madras in 1920, which played a key role in promoting sports and in establishing the Olympic movement in India. He has been called ``The Father of Physical Education in India ''. He was also one of the founding members of the Olympic movement in India and the Indian Olympic Association, and was manager of the Indian team at the 1924 Olympics. Title: Volleyball at the Summer Olympics Passage: The history of Olympic volleyball can be traced back to the 1924 Summer Olympics in Paris, where volleyball was played as part of an American sports demonstration event. Its addition to the Olympic program, however, was given only after World War II, with the foundation of the FIVB and of some of the continental confederations. In 1957, a special tournament was held during the 53rd IOC session in Sofia, Bulgaria, to support such request. The competition was a success, and the sport was officially introduced in 1964. The Olympic Committee initially dropped volleyball for the 1968 Olympics, meeting protests. Title: Bruce Sandford Passage: Bruce Sandford (born 18 July 1962) is a New Zealand skeleton racer who has competed in the late 1980s and early 1990s. He won a gold medal in the men's skeleton event at the 1992 FIBT World Championships in Calgary. Title: Curling at the Winter Olympics Passage: Curling was included in the program of the inaugural Winter Olympic Games in 1924 in Chamonix although the results of that competition were not considered official by the International Olympic Committee until 2006. Curling was a demonstration sport at the 1932 Games, and then again after a lengthy absence in 1988 and 1992. The sport was finally added to the official program for the 1998 Nagano Games. Title: Guilherme Paraense Passage: Guilherme Paraense (25 June 1884 – 18 April 1968) was a Brazilian sport shooter and Olympic Champion. He was the first Brazilian to win an Olympic gold medal. Title: Tennis at the Summer Olympics Passage: Tennis was part of the Summer Olympic Games program from the inaugural 1896 Summer Olympics, but was dropped after the 1924 Summer Olympics due to disputes between the International Lawn Tennis Federation and the International Olympic Committee over how to define amateur players. After two appearances as a demonstration sport in 1968 and 1984 (with a U-21 age limit), it returned as a full medal sport at the 1988 Summer Olympics open for all players regardless of their age and status and has been played at every edition of the Games since then. Title: Nanjing Passage: There are two major sports centers in Nanjing, Wutaishan Sports Center and Nanjing Olympic Sports Center. Both of these two are comprehensive sports centers, including stadium, gymnasium, natatorium, tennis court, etc. Wutaishan Sports Center was established in 1952 and it was one of the oldest and most advanced stadiums in early time of People's Republic of China. Title: Josef Sucharda Passage: Josef Sucharda (18 April 1883 – 19 January 1963) was a Czech sports shooter. He competed at the 1920 Summer Olympics and the 1924 Summer Olympics. Title: Nanjing Olympic Sports Center Gymnasium Passage: The Nanjing Olympic Sports Center Gymnasium (Simplified Chinese: 南京奥林匹克体育中心体育馆) is an indoor arena in Nanjing, China. The arena used mainly for indoor sports such as basketball and figure skating. The facility has a capacity of 13,000 people and was opened in 2005. It is located near Nanjing Olympic Sports Centre. Title: New South Wales Institute of Sport Passage: The New South Wales Institute of Sport (NSWIS), located at Sydney Olympic Park, was established as a statutory body under the Institute of Sport Act, 1995, following a review recommending central coordination and monitoring of high performance sports programs. Operations officially commenced in 1996. Today, the Institute has almost 700 athletes on squad or individual scholarships and offers 31 sport programs across 24 sports. The services ensure that NSWIS athletes have access to coaching and sports technology while also receiving tailored support to help balance their sporting commitments with personal development and a career. Title: Kabaddi Passage: Kabaddi Kabaddi game Highest governing body International Kabaddi Federation Nicknames Kaudi, Pakaada, Hadudu, Bhavatik, Saadukuda, Hu - Tu - Tu, Himoshika, sadugudu Characteristics Contact Permitted Team members 7 (per side) Mixed gender Yes, separate competitions Type Team sport, Contact sport Equipment None Venue Kabaddi court Presence Country or region Indian Subcontinent tamilnadu Olympic Demonstration sport: 1936 Olympics	[ "Skeleton at the Winter Olympics", "Bruce Sandford" ]
In 2014, what was the unemployment rate in the country separated by the Rhine from the country where Aschenbrodel's composer was a citizen?	3.2%	[]	Title: Republic of the Congo Passage: As of 2010, the maternal mortality rate was 560 deaths/100,000 live births, and the infant mortality rate was 59.34 deaths/1,000 live births. Female genital mutilation (FGM) is rare in the country, being confined to limited geographic areas of the country. Title: Folk Songs (Berio) Passage: Folk Songs is a song cycle by the Italian composer Luciano Berio composed in 1964. It consists of arrangements of folk music from various countries and other songs, forming "a tribute to the extraordinary artistry" of the American singer Cathy Berberian, a specialist in Berio's music. It is scored for voice, flute (doubling on piccolo), clarinet, harp, viola, cello, and percussion (two players). The composer arranged it for a large orchestra in 1973. Title: Qatar Passage: Before the discovery of oil, the economy of the Qatari region focused on fishing and pearl hunting. A report prepared by local governors of Ottoman Empire in 1892 states that total income from pearl hunting in 1892 is 2,450,000 kran. After the introduction of the Japanese cultured pearl onto the world market in the 1920s and 1930s, Qatar's pearling industry crashed. Oil was discovered in Qatar in 1940, in Dukhan Field. The discovery transformed the state's economy. Now, the country has a high standard of living for its legal citizens. With no income tax, Qatar (along with Bahrain) is one of the countries with the lowest tax rates in the world. The unemployment rate in June 2013 was 0.1%. Corporate law mandates that Qatari nationals must hold 51% of any venture in the Emirate.As of 2016, Qatar has the fourth highest GDP per capita in the world, according to the International Monetary Fund. It relies heavily on foreign labor to grow its economy, to the extent that migrant workers compose 86% of the population and 94% of the workforce. Qatar has been criticized by the International Trade Union Confederation. The economic growth of Qatar has been almost exclusively based on its petroleum and natural gas industries, which began in 1940. Qatar is the leading exporter of liquefied natural gas. In 2012, it was estimated that Qatar would invest over $120 billion in the energy sector in the next ten years. The country was a member state of Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC), having joined in 1961, and having left in January 2019. Title: Telman Ismailov Passage: Telman Mardanovich Ismailov (, ; born 26 October 1956) is an Azerbaijani-born businessman and entrepreneur of Mountain Jew origin. Since Azerbaijan does not allow dual citizenship, he holds Russian-Turkish citizenship. He is the chairman of the Russian AST Group of companies, which is active in many countries. Until 2009, Ismailov owned the Europe's then-largest marketplace, Cherkizovsky Market, located in Moscow, Russia. Title: Vienna Walzer Orchestra Passage: The Vienna Walzer Orchestra (German: Wiener Walzer Orchester) is a chamber orchestra based in Vienna, Austria that specializes in traditional Viennese waltzes, polkas, marches and operetta arias from composers such as: J. Strauss II, F. Lehár, C.M. Ziehrer, among others. Their concerts also always include performances by ballet dancers and opera singers. Title: Namibia Passage: According to the Namibia Labour Force Survey Report 2012, conducted by the Namibia Statistics Agency, the country's unemployment rate is 27.4%. "Strict unemployment" (people actively seeking a full-time job) stood at 20.2% in 2000, 21.9% in 2004 and spiraled to 29.4% in 2008. Under a broader definition (including people that have given up searching for employment) unemployment rose to 36.7% in 2004. This estimate considers people in the informal economy as employed. Labour and Social Welfare Minister Immanuel Ngatjizeko praised the 2008 study as "by far superior in scope and quality to any that has been available previously", but its methodology has also received criticism. Title: Rhine Passage: The Rhine emerges from Lake Constance, flows generally westward, as the Hochrhein, passes the Rhine Falls, and is joined by its major tributary, the river Aare. The Aare more than doubles the Rhine's water discharge, to an average of nearly 1,000 m3/s (35,000 cu ft/s), and provides more than a fifth of the discharge at the Dutch border. The Aare also contains the waters from the 4,274 m (14,022 ft) summit of Finsteraarhorn, the highest point of the Rhine basin. The Rhine roughly forms the German-Swiss border from Lake Constance with the exceptions of the canton of Schaffhausen and parts of the cantons of Zürich and Basel-Stadt, until it turns north at the so-called Rhine knee at Basel, leaving Switzerland. Title: Aschenbrödel Passage: Aschenbrödel ("Cinderella") is a ballet written by Johann Strauss II. He had written all the principal parts of the ballet, and was intending to fill in the orchestration as time permitted. However, Strauss died in 1899, and it was finished by composer Josef Bayer in 1900. Title: Asthma Passage: As of 2011, 235–330 million people worldwide are affected by asthma, and approximately 250,000–345,000 people die per year from the disease. Rates vary between countries with prevalences between 1 and 18%. It is more common in developed than developing countries. One thus sees lower rates in Asia, Eastern Europe and Africa. Within developed countries it is more common in those who are economically disadvantaged while in contrast in developing countries it is more common in the affluent. The reason for these differences is not well known. Low and middle income countries make up more than 80% of the mortality. Title: Namibia Passage: Compared to neighbouring countries, Namibia has a large degree of media freedom. Over the past years, the country usually ranked in the upper quarter of the Press Freedom Index of Reporters without Borders, reaching position 21 in 2010, being on par with Canada and the best-positioned African country. The African Media Barometer shows similarly positive results.[citation needed] However, as in other countries, there is still mentionable influence of representatives of state and economy on media in Namibia. In 2009, Namibia dropped to position 36 on the Press Freedom Index. In 2013, it was 19th. In 2014 it ranked 22nd Title: Great Depression in the United States Passage: The Great Depression began in the United States of America and quickly spread worldwide. It had severe effects in countries both rich and poor. Personal income, consumption, industrial output, tax revenue, profits and prices dropped, while international trade plunged by more than 50%. Unemployment in the U.S. rose to 25%, and in some countries rose as high as 33%. Title: St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador Passage: The economy has been growing quickly in recent years. In both 2010 and 2011, the metro area's gross domestic product (GDP) led 27 other metropolitan areas in the country, according to the Conference Board of Canada, recording growth of 6.6 per cent and 5.8 per cent respectively. At $52,000 the city's per capita GDP is the second highest out of all major Canadian cities. Economic forecasts suggest that the city will continue its strong economic growth in the coming years not only in the "oceanic" industries mentioned above, but also in tourism and new home construction as the population continues to grow. In May 2011, the city's unemployment rate fell to 5.6 per cent, the second lowest unemployment rate for a major city in Canada. Title: List of countries that border only one other country Passage: There are generally three possible arrangements by which a country can have a single border. The first is with a divided island such a Haiti and the Dominican Republic, or Ireland and the United Kingdom. The second is a peninsular relationship, where the first country borders the second and is otherwise surrounded by sea, while the second country borders other countries, as with Portugal and Spain, Denmark and Germany, or Canada and the United States. The third is the circumstance where the first country is a small country that is landlocked and completely surrounded by the second, larger country, as with The Vatican and Italy, or Lesotho and South Africa. Title: Switzerland Passage: Around 3.8 million people work in Switzerland; about 25% of employees belonged to a trade union in 2004. Switzerland has a more flexible job market than neighbouring countries and the unemployment rate is very low. The unemployment rate increased from a low of 1.7% in June 2000 to a peak of 4.4% in December 2009. The unemployment rate is 3.2% in 2014. Population growth from net immigration is quite high, at 0.52% of population in 2004. The foreign citizen population was 21.8% in 2004, about the same as in Australia. GDP per hour worked is the world's 16th highest, at 49.46 international dollars in 2012. Title: List of countries by cigarette consumption per capita Passage: Cigarettes are smoked by over 1 billion people, which is nearly 20% of the world population in 2014. About 800 million of these smokers are men. While smoking rates have leveled off or declined in developed nations, especially among men, in developing nations tobacco consumption continues to rise. More than 80% of all smokers now live in countries with low or middle incomes, and 60% in just 10 countries, a list headed by China. Smokers are over half of adult males in Indonesia (57%, but mostly kretek, a local form of cigarette) and China (53% estimated), and nearly half in Bangladesh, though for women the figure is much lower. Title: Djibouti Passage: Djibouti ( (listen) jih-BOO-tee; Afar: Yibuuti, Arabic: جيبوتي‎ Jībūtī, French: Djibouti, Somali: Jabuuti, officially the Republic of Djibouti) is a country located in the Horn of Africa. It is bordered by Eritrea in the north, Ethiopia in the west and south, and Somalia in the southeast. The remainder of the border is formed by the Red Sea and the Gulf of Aden at the east. Djibouti occupies a total area of 23,200 km2 (8,958 sq mi). The state of Djibouti is predominantly inhabited by two ethnic groups, the Somali and the Afar people, the Somalis being the major ethnic group of the country. Title: Rhine Passage: Since the Peace of Westphalia, the Upper Rhine formed a contentious border between France and Germany. Establishing "natural borders" on the Rhine was a long-term goal of French foreign policy, since the Middle Ages, though the language border was – and is – far more to the west. French leaders, such as Louis XIV and Napoleon Bonaparte, tried with varying degrees of success to annex lands west of the Rhine. The Confederation of the Rhine was established by Napoleon, as a French client state, in 1806 and lasted until 1814, during which time it served as a significant source of resources and military manpower for the First French Empire. In 1840, the Rhine crisis, prompted by French prime minister Adolphe Thiers's desire to reinstate the Rhine as a natural border, led to a diplomatic crisis and a wave of nationalism in Germany. Title: Rhine Passage: Near Tamins-Reichenau the Anterior Rhine and the Posterior Rhine join and form the Rhine. The river makes a distinctive turn to the north near Chur. This section is nearly 86 km long, and descends from a height of 599 m to 396 m. It flows through a wide glacial alpine valley known as the Rhine Valley (German: Rheintal). Near Sargans a natural dam, only a few metres high, prevents it from flowing into the open Seeztal valley and then through Lake Walen and Lake Zurich into the river Aare. The Alpine Rhine begins in the most western part of the Swiss canton of Graubünden, and later forms the border between Switzerland to the West and Liechtenstein and later Austria to the East. Title: Rhine Passage: Between Bingen and Bonn, the Middle Rhine flows through the Rhine Gorge, a formation which was created by erosion. The rate of erosion equaled the uplift in the region, such that the river was left at about its original level while the surrounding lands raised. The gorge is quite deep and is the stretch of the river which is known for its many castles and vineyards. It is a UNESCO World Heritage Site (2002) and known as "the Romantic Rhine", with more than 40 castles and fortresses from the Middle Ages and many quaint and lovely country villages. Title: Portugal Passage: In the second decade of the 21st century the Portuguese economy suffered its most severe recession since the 1970s resulting in the country having to be bailed out by the European Commission, European Central Bank and International Monetary Fund. The bailout, agreed to in 2011, required Portugal to enter into a range of austerity measures in exchange for funding support of €78 billion. In May 2014 the country exited the bailout but reaffirmed its commitment to maintaining its reformist momentum. At the time of exiting the bailout the economy had contracted by 0.7% in the first quarter of 2014, however unemployment, while still high had fallen to 15.3 percent.	[ "Aschenbrödel", "Vienna Walzer Orchestra", "Rhine", "Switzerland" ]
For whom did the performer of Awaiting on You All write the song Something?	his wife, Pattie Boyd	[ "Pattie Boyd" ]	Title: Imma Be Passage: "Imma Be" is a song performed by the American hip hop group The Black Eyed Peas taken from their fifth studio album "The E.N.D". The song's title is a slang expression, meaning "I am going to be" or "I will be" [something or some activity]. Initially released as a promotional single, the song went on to receive a full release as the fourth single in the United States and Canada from the album, the fifth overall, and is the third single from the album to reach number-one on the "Billboard" Hot 100. Title: Killing Me Softly with His Song Passage: According to Lori Lieberman, who performed the original recording in 1971, the song was born of a poem she wrote after experiencing a strong reaction to the Don McLean song 'Empty Chairs.' She then related this information to Gimbel, who took her feelings and put them into words. Then Gimbel passed the words to Fox, who set them to music. Title: Something (Beatles song) Passage: The opening lyric was taken from the title of ``Something in the Way She Moves '', a track by Harrison's fellow Apple Records artist James Taylor. While Harrison imagined the composition in the style of Ray Charles, his inspiration for`` Something'' was his wife, Pattie Boyd. In her 2007 autobiography, Wonderful Today, Boyd recalls: ``He told me, in a matter - of - fact way, that he had written it for me. I thought it was beautiful... ''Boyd discusses the song's popularity among other recording artists and concludes:`` My favourite (version) was the one by George Harrison, which he played to me in the kitchen at Kinfauns.'' Title: Mr. Jones (Counting Crows song) Passage: In a 2013 interview, Duritz explained that even though the song is named for his friend Marty Jones, it is actually about Duritz himself. ``I wrote a song about me, I just happened to be out with him that night, ''Duritz said. The inspiration for the song came as Duritz and Jones were drunk at a bar after watching Jones' father perform, when they saw Kenney Dale Johnson, longtime drummer for the musician Chris Isaak, sitting with three women.`` It just seemed like, you know, we could n't even manage to talk to girls,... we were just thinking if we were rock stars, it'd be easier. I went home and wrote the song,'' Duritz said. Title: That's the Way I've Always Heard It Should Be Passage: ``That's the Way I've Always Heard It Should Be ''is a 1971 song performed by Carly Simon. Her friend and frequent collaborator Jacob Brackman wrote the lyrics and Simon wrote the music. The song was released as the lead single from her self - titled debut album, Carly Simon, and it reached peak positions of number 10 on the Billboard Hot 100 chart and 6 on the Billboard Adult Contemporary chart. Title: Hey Jude Passage: ``Hey Jude ''is a song by the English rock band the Beatles, written by Paul McCartney and credited to Lennon -- McCartney. The ballad evolved from`` Hey Jules'', a song McCartney wrote to comfort John Lennon's son, Julian, during his parents' divorce. ``Hey Jude ''begins with a verse - bridge structure incorporating McCartney's vocal performance and piano accompaniment; further instrumentation is added as the song progresses. After the fourth verse, the song shifts to a fade - out coda that lasts for more than four minutes. Title: I Wonder How Far It Is Over You Passage: "I Wonder How Far It Is Over You" is a song co-written and recorded by American country music artist Aaron Tippin. It was released in April 1991 as the second single from the album "You've Got to Stand for Something". The song reached #40 on the "Billboard" Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart. Tippin wrote the song with Buddy Brock. Title: Awaiting on You All Passage: "Awaiting on You All" is a song by English musician George Harrison, released on his 1970 triple album, "All Things Must Pass". Along with the single "My Sweet Lord", it is among the more overtly religious compositions on "All Things Must Pass", and the recording typifies co-producer Phil Spector's influence on the album, due to his liberal use of reverberation and other Wall of Sound production techniques. Harrison recorded the track in London backed by musicians such as Eric Clapton, Bobby Whitlock, Klaus Voormann, Jim Gordon and Jim Price – many of whom he had toured with, as Delaney & Bonnie and Friends, in December 1969, while still officially a member of the Beatles. Musically, the composition reflects Harrison's embracing of the gospel music genre, following his production of fellow Apple Records artists Billy Preston and Doris Troy. Title: You'll Be Back Passage: ``You'll Be Back ''is the seventh song from Act 1 of the musical Hamilton, based on the life of Alexander Hamilton, which premiered on Broadway in 2015. Lin - Manuel Miranda wrote both the music and lyrics to the song. It is sung by Jonathan Groff in the show's original cast recording. Within the context of the musical, it's performed by George III of the United Kingdom lamenting the anti-royal machinations of the rebelling American colonists. Title: Big Bad John (film) Passage: Big Bad John is a 1990 film directed by Burt Kennedy. It stars Ned Beatty and Jimmy Dean, the latter of whom wrote and performed the song the film is based upon. Title: American Idol Passage: This was the first season where the contestants were permitted to perform in the final rounds songs they wrote themselves. In the Top 8, Sam Woolf received the fewest votes, but he was saved from elimination by the judges. The 500th episode of the series was the Top 3 performance night. Title: Nice Work If You Can Get It (song) Passage: The music was written by George Gershwin, the lyrics by Ira Gershwin. It was one of nine songs George Gershwin wrote for the movie A Damsel in Distress, in which it was performed by Fred Astaire with backing vocals provided by The Stafford Sisters. The song was published in 1937. Title: Barney Miller Passage: The show's instrumental jazz fusion theme music, written by Jack Elliott and Allyn Ferguson, opens with a distinctive bass line performed by studio musician Chuck Berghofer. The bass line was improvised by Berghofer at the request of producer Dominik Hauser: ``Can you do something on the bass? This guy is a cop in New York. Can we just start it out with the bass? ''The theme song was ranked # 23 and # 27, respectively, by Complex and Paste magazines, in their lists of`` best TV theme songs''. Title: Keith Kane Passage: Kane was raised in the towns of New Milford and Washington, Connecticut. He wrote his first song when he was nine years old and began performing while in high school. He received a bachelor's degree in Japanese from Georgetown University in 1992. Title: I Don't Wanna Cry Passage: Its lyrics talk about Carey and her lover being involved in a tumultuous relationship. It was Carey's first single that she did not co-write with Ben Margulies. When she and Walden first wrote the song, she was excited because it sounded like something that would be played on the radio. However, due to bad experiences during its production and because she feels it "doesn't have a message," Carey stated in an MTV interview that she dislikes the song and tries to sing it as rarely as possible. Carey had lobbied to co-produce the song, but was denied permission by Columbia Records. She often fought with Walden in the studio concerning the song's production, and as a result Walden became her least favorite among the producers who worked on her debut album. Due to this, Carey had not performed the song since her 1996 Daydream World Tour; though it was reinstated in 2015 for her #1 to Infinity concert residency in Las Vegas. Title: You'll See Passage: "You'll See" is a song by American singer Madonna from her ballads compilation, "Something to Remember" (1995). The album was released with the intention of toning down the image of Madonna, who was being heavily criticized at the time. She wrote and produced the song with Canadian musician David Foster. "You'll See" was released on October 30, 1995, by Maverick Records as the lead single from the album. An acoustic pop ballad, "You'll See" features instrumentation from percussion, tremolo guitar and piano, while lyrically it speaks of independence after the end of a love affair. Title: Gorgeous (Taylor Swift song) Passage: Swift co-wrote ``Gorgeous ''with its producers Max Martin and Shellback. It has been described as a`` radio - friendly pop'' song. Lyrically, the song depicts ``the pursuit of a maddening love interest '', whom Swift describes as`` gorgeous''. Hugh McIntyre of Forbes characterized the production of the song as ``simultaneously a basic 808 drum and an attempt at something that pushes electro - pop into a more interesting territory than Top 40 is used to ''. Maeve McDermott of USA Today likened the chorus of the song to the sound of Katy Perry. According to Elle, the man mentioned in the song is the British actor Joe Alwyn, who is Swift's current boyfriend. The song is composed in the key of C major with a tempo of 92 beats per minute, with Swift's vocals spanning from C to F. Title: Killing Me Softly with His Song Passage: According to Lori Lieberman, who performed the original recording in 1971, the song was born of a poem she wrote after experiencing a strong reaction to the Don McLean song ``Empty Chairs '', writing some poetic ideas on a napkin at the Troubadour Club after seeing him perform the song, and then relating this information to Norman Gimbel, who took her feelings and converted them into song lyrics. Gimbel passed his lyrics to Charles Fox, who set them to music. Title: You've Got to Stand for Something (song) Passage: "You've Got to Stand for Something" is a song co-written and recorded by American country music singer Aaron Tippin. It was released in October 1990 as his debut single and the title track to his album "You've Got to Stand for Something". It reached the top ten on the country singles chart in early 1991. Tippin wrote the song with Buddy Brock. Title: The Approach to Al-Mu'tasim Passage: "The Approach to Al-Mu'tasim" (original Spanish title: "El acercamiento a Almotásim") is a fantasy short story written in 1935 by Argentine writer Jorge Luis Borges. In his autobiographical essay, Borges wrote about "The Approach to Al-Mu'tasim", "it now seems to me to foreshadow and even to set the pattern for those tales that were somehow awaiting me, and upon which my reputation as a storyteller was to be based."	[ "Something (Beatles song)", "Awaiting on You All" ]
What show helped launched the career of the performer of I Forgive You?	American Idol	[]	Title: IOS 12 Passage: Performance optimizations were made in order to speed up common tasks across all supported iOS devices. Tests done by Apple on an iPhone 6 Plus showed apps launching 40 percent faster, the system keyboard activating 50 percent faster, and the camera opening 70 percent faster. Title: Talang (Swedish TV series) Passage: Talang, formerly named Talang Sverige (; English: "Talent Sweden") in 2014, is the Swedish version of the "Got Talent" series show where singers, dancers, comedians, variety acts and other performers compete against each other for audience support and the prize money (1 million SEK in 2007 and since 2014; 500,000 SEK between 2008–2011). The show was broadcast for five seasons on TV4, between 2007–2011, before TV4 put the show on indefinite hiatus. Two years later, on 19 June 2013, TV3 announced that they had acquired the rights for the show and would re-launch the show in spring 2014 under the name "Talang Sverige". After 4 years, in 2017, TV4 acquired the rights for the show once again and re-launched the show under the name "Talang", without the year behind. Title: TDRS-11 Passage: TDRS-11 was launched at 01:48 UTC on 31 January 2013, at the beginning of a 40-minute launch window. United Launch Alliance performed the launch using an Atlas V carrier rocket, tail number AV-036, flying in the 401 configuration. Liftoff occurred from Space Launch Complex 41 at the Cape Canaveral Air Force Station, and the rocket placed its payload into a geostationary transfer orbit. Title: A Song for You Passage: ``A Song for You ''is a song written and originally recorded by rock singer and pianist Leon Russell for his first solo album Leon Russell, which was released in 1970 on Shelter Records. A slow, pained plea for forgiveness and understanding from an estranged lover, the tune is one of Russell's best - known compositions. It has been performed and recorded by an array of artists, spanning many musical genres. Elton John has called the song an American classic. Title: The Garry Moore Show Passage: The Garry Moore Show is the name for several separate American variety series on the CBS television network in the 1950s and 1960s. Hosted by experienced radio performer Garry Moore, the series helped launch the careers of many comedic talents, such as Dorothy Loudon, Don Adams, George Gobel, Carol Burnett, Don Knotts, Lee Goodman, James Kirkwood, Jr., and Jonathan Winters. "The Garry Moore Show" garnered a number of Emmy nominations and wins. Title: Megan McKenna Passage: In May 2017, Megan launched her own restaurant ``MCK Grill ''in Woodford Green. In September 2017 she starred in her own show on ITVBe, There's Something About Megan, which sees her flying to Nashville to attempt a country music career. Title: Cigarettes & Coffee Passage: Cigarettes & Coffee is a 1993 short film written and directed by Paul Thomas Anderson, starring Philip Baker Hall. It tells the story of five people connected through a twenty-dollar bill. The film helped launch the career of Anderson and was used as a basis for his first feature film, "Hard Eight" (1996). Title: Ang Bagong Kampeon Passage: Ang Bagong Kampeon () was a nationally televised amateur singing contest that aired on Radio Philippines Network (Solar TV) in the Philippines. It was hosted by Bert Marcelo and Pilita Corrales. The television show has launched the careers of several successful singers, notably, Regine Velasquez and Donna Cruz. Title: I Forgive You Passage: "I Forgive You" is a song by American recording artist Kelly Clarkson, included on her fifth studio album "Stronger" (2011). It was produced and co-written by Rodney "Darkchild" Jerkins and Andre Lindal, with extra writing and background vocals from Lauren Christy. Musically, "I Forgive You" is a pop rock and power pop song. Title: Viva La Bam Passage: Viva La Bam is an American reality television series that starred Bam Margera and his friends and family. The show was a spin-off from MTV's "Jackass", in which Margera and most of the main cast had appeared. Each episode had a specific theme, mission, or challenge which was normally accomplished by performing pranks, skateboarding, and enlisting the help of friends, relations and experts. Although partly improvised, the show was supported by a greater degree of planning and organization. Title: Changi Murals Passage: The Changi Murals are a set of five paintings of biblical theme painted by Stanley Warren, a British bombardier and prisoner-of-war (POW) interned at the Changi Prison, during the Japanese occupation of Singapore in World War II (WWII). His murals were completed under difficult conditions of sickness, limited materials and hardships. With a message of universal love and forgiveness, they helped to uplift the spirits of the POWs and sick when they sought refuge in the prison chapel. Title: Forgive Me (Leona Lewis song) Passage: "Forgive Me" is a song by British singer Leona Lewis featured on the North American version and on the international deluxe edition of her debut album "Spirit" (2008). It was released as the fourth single of the album in the United Kingdom on 3 November 2008. The song was written by Aliaune "Akon" Thiam, Claude Kelly and Giorgio Tuinfort, and produced by the former. Musically, "Forgive Me" is a R&B, dance-pop and soul track written in A minor. Its lyrics address a girl who has found a new love and asks her old love for forgiveness. Title: American Idol Passage: As one of the most successful shows on U.S. television history, American Idol has a strong impact not just on television, but also in the wider world of entertainment. It helped create a number of highly successful recording artists, such as Kelly Clarkson, Daughtry and Carrie Underwood, as well as others of varying notability. Title: Akademi Fantasia Passage: Akademi Fantasia (commonly abbreviated as AF) is Malaysia's first reality television show in which a number of contestants called students compete for the winning title and a chance to start their career in the entertainment industry. The first season premiered on 3 June 2003 and was one of Astro Ria's highest rated shows. The theme song entitled "Menuju Puncak" was performed by Juwita Suwito, who is the sister of the composer, Aubrey Suwito. Title: Paper Bullets Passage: Paper Bullets is a 1941 American film directed by Phil Rosen and starring Joan Woodbury. It was the first film produced by the King Brothers, launching their career. Title: Colin Reid Passage: Colin Reid is an acoustic guitarist from Belfast, Northern Ireland. He launched his solo career in 1997 after supporting performances with other leading musicians such as Brian Kennedy and Waterson–Carthy. He was a guitar teacher for many years and formalised his skills at the Musicians Institute of Technology. He has run guitar courses in the Crescent Arts Centre in the past. Title: Bobby Lounge Passage: Bobby Lounge (born Dub Brock, 1950) is an American singer-songwriter from McComb, Mississippi, United States. Lounge began playing for house parties while attending Louisiana Tech University in northern Louisiana in the mid 1970s. In the 1980s, Lounge played a handful of shows at Ruby's Roadhouse in Mandeville, Louisiana. He stopped playing professionally for many years while he battled Chronic Fatigue Syndrome. He launched a comeback from a short lived career when he appeared on stage at the 2005 New Orleans Jazz and Heritage Festival, Tipitina's, and the New Orleans House of Blues. That performance was enthusiastically received and subsequently glowing reviews appeared in "Rolling Stone", "The New York Times", "Living Blues", "Blues Review", "Down Beat", "USA Today" and other magazines and newspapers. Title: Def Comedy Jam Passage: The series had its original run from July 1, 1992 to January 1, 1997. Simmons was inspired to make Def Comedy Jam by Jerry Lewis' movie The Nutty Professor. The show returned on HBO's fall lineup in 2006. Def Comedy Jam helped to launch the careers of several African - American stand - up comedians. Title: Steven Spielberg Passage: Drawing from his own experiences in Scouting, Spielberg helped the Boy Scouts of America develop a merit badge in cinematography in order to help promote filmmaking as a marketable skill. The badge was launched at the 1989 National Scout Jamboree, which Spielberg attended, and where he personally counseled many boys in their work on requirements. That same year, 1989, saw the release of Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade. The opening scene shows a teenage Indiana Jones in scout uniform bearing the rank of a Life Scout. Spielberg stated he made Indiana Jones a Boy Scout in honor of his experience in Scouting. For his career accomplishments, service to others, and dedication to a new merit badge Spielberg was awarded the Distinguished Eagle Scout Award. Title: Justin Bieber Passage: On August 17, 2017, Bieber released the single ``Friends ''with American record producer and songwriter BloodPop. Songwriters Julia Michaels and Justin Tranter reunited with Bieber to construct the song, just as they helped create his single`` Sorry'' in 2015 on his studio album Purpose. Bieber did not attend the 2018 Grammy Awards Show to perform the nominated song ``Despacito '', claiming that he would not make any award show appearances until his next album was finished.	[ "American Idol", "I Forgive You" ]
When did the first establishment McDonaldization is named after open in the country Horndean is located?	1974	[]	Title: McDonald Observatory Passage: The McDonald Observatory is an astronomical observatory located near the unincorporated community of Fort Davis in Jeff Davis County, Texas, United States. The facility is located on Mount Locke in the Davis Mountains of West Texas, with additional facilities on Mount Fowlkes, approximately to the northeast. The observatory is part of the University of Texas at Austin. It is an organized research unit of the College of Natural Sciences. Title: McWorld Passage: McWorld is a term referring to the spreading of McDonald's restaurants throughout the world as the result of globalization, and more generally to the effects of international 'McDonaldization' of services and commercialization of goods as an element of globalization as a whole. The name also refers to a 1990s advertising campaign for McDonald's, and to a children's website launched by the firm in 2008. Title: Southwest City, Missouri Passage: Southwest City is a city in McDonald County, Missouri, United States. The population was 937 at the 2010 census, at which time it was a town. It is part of the Fayetteville–Springdale–Rogers, AR-MO Metropolitan Statistical Area and is located in the southwestern corner of the state of Missouri. Title: McDonald's Canada Passage: The company was founded by Chicago - born George Cohon. The first store opened in 1967 as the Western Canadian franchisee and operated with the U.S. operations. Cohon was the Eastern Canadian franchise and opened his store in 1968 on Oxford Street West in London, Ontario. In 1971, Cohon merged the two operations to one national operation. Cohon was responsible for developing the eastern Canadian franchises. The first McDonald's restaurant in Canada was opened in 1967 in Richmond, British Columbia, by western franchise owners. It was also the first McDonald's restaurant outside of the United States. As of 2014, McDonald's Canada had 1,400 stores (including Walmart Canada locations) in Canada, and more than 85,000 Canadian employees. Title: Horndean Passage: Horndean is a village and civil parish in the East Hampshire district of Hampshire, England. It is north of Portsmouth. Title: Incorporation of the Bill of Rights Passage: This right has been incorporated against the states. Described as a fundamental and individual right that will necessarily be subject to strict scrutiny by the courts, see McDonald v. City of Chicago (2010). Self Defense is described as ``the central component ''of the Second Amendment in McDonald, supra., and upheld District of Columbia v. Heller 554 U.S (2008) concluding the Fourteenth Amendment incorporates the Second Amendment right, recognized in Heller, to keep and bear arms for the purpose of self - defense. The 14th Amendment makes the 2nd Amendment right to keep and bear arms fully applicable to the States, see, McDonald vs. City of Chicago (2010).`` The right to keep and bear arms must be regarded as a substantive guarantee, not a prohibition that could be ignored as long as the States legislated in an evenhanded manner,'' McDonald, supra... Title: Fast food restaurant Passage: Some historians concur that A&W, which opened in 1919 and began franchising in 1921, was the first fast food restaurant (E. Tavares). Thus, the American company White Castle is generally credited with opening the second fast - food outlet in Wichita, Kansas in 1921, selling hamburgers for five cents apiece from its inception and spawning numerous competitors and emulators. What is certain, however, is that White Castle made the first significant effort to standardize the food production in, look of, and operation of fast - food hamburger restaurants. William Ingram's and Walter Anderson's White Castle System created the first fast food supply chain to provide meat, buns, paper goods, and other supplies to their restaurants, pioneered the concept of the multi-state hamburger restaurant chain, standardized the look and construction of the restaurants themselves, and even developed a construction division that manufactured and built the chain's prefabricated restaurant buildings. The McDonald's Speedee Service System and, much later, Ray Kroc's McDonald's outlets and Hamburger University all built on principles, systems and practices that White Castle had already established between 1923 and 1932. Title: History of the hamburger Passage: The modern hamburger was developed in the United States, but by the end of World War II, around the middle of the 20th century, it began to spread to other countries as fast food became globalized. The main cause of this gradual globalization was the successes of the large restaurant chains. Their desires to expand their businesses and increase their profits resulted in them creating franchises around the world. McDonald's was among the very first of the burger chains to take the global establishment of its brand seriously, but it was not the only one. Wimpy began operating in the United Kingdom in 1954, 20 years before McDonald's began operation in the country, and by 1970 it had expanded to over a thousand restaurants in 23 countries. On August 21, 1971, in Zaandam, near Amsterdam in the Netherlands, Ahold opened its first European franchise. In the 1970s, McDonald's began to expand into Europe and Australia. In Asia, Japan saw the establishment of its own fast food chain in 1972: MOS Burger (モスバーガー, Mosu bāgā), an abbreviation of ``Mountain, Ocean, Sun '', which eventually became a direct competitor to McDonald's. All of its products, however, were variations on the burger adapted to the Asian world, including the teriyaki burger, takumi burger, and riceburger. In Hong Kong, Aji Ichiban competed with large chains before it spread quickly throughout Asia. One of the first hamburger vending machines debuted in Amsterdam in 1941 under the brand FEBO, its name derived from its original place of creation, the Ferdinand Bolstraat. Title: History of McDonald's Passage: 1972: The first McDonald's in France opens, in Créteil, even though the company officially recognizes the first outlet in Strasbourg in 1979. Title: Tropicana Evansville Passage: Tropicana Evansville is a casino in downtown Evansville, Indiana, owned and operated by Tropicana Entertainment. Originally named Casino Aztar, it was opened by Aztar Corporation in 1995 as the state's first casino. Title: Takin' It to the Streets (song) Passage: "Takin' It to the Streets" is a song by the American rock band The Doobie Brothers from the album of the same name. It was their first single with Michael McDonald on vocals and was written by McDonald. Title: Ledda Bay Passage: Ledda Bay () is a shallow embayment or bight, long, in the north side of Grant Island, off the coast of Marie Byrd Land, Antarctica. It was discovered and first charted from the (Captain Edwin A. McDonald) on February 4, 1962, and was named for R.J. Ledda, quartermaster aboard the "Glacier" on the cruise in which the bay was discovered. Title: McDonald's Passage: McDonald's is an American fast food company, founded in 1940 as a restaurant operated by Richard and Maurice McDonald, in San Bernardino, California, United States. They rechristened their business as a hamburger stand. The first time a McDonald's franchise used the Golden Arches logo was in 1953 at a location in Phoenix, Arizona. In 1955, Ray Kroc, a businessman, joined the company as a franchise agent and proceeded to purchase the chain from the McDonald brothers. McDonald's had its original headquarters in Oak Brook, Illinois, but moved its global headquarters to Chicago in early 2018. Title: History of McDonald's Passage: Believing the McDonald's formula was a ticket to success, Kroc suggested they franchise their restaurants throughout the country. The brothers were skeptical, however, that the self - service approach could succeed in colder, rainier climates; furthermore, their thriving business in San Bernardino, and franchises already operating or planned, made them reluctant to risk a national venture. Kroc offered to take the major responsibility for setting up the new franchises elsewhere. He returned to his home outside of Chicago with rights to set up McDonald's restaurants throughout the country, except in a handful of territories in California and Arizona already licensed by the McDonald brothers. The brothers were to receive one - half of one percent of gross sales. Kroc's first McDonald's restaurant opened on April 15, 1955, at 400 North Lee Street in Des Plaines, Illinois, near Chicago. The Des Plaines interior and exterior was painted by master painter Eugene Wright, who owned Wright's Decorating Service. Eugene was asked to come up with a color scheme and he chose yellow and white, with dark brown and red being secondary trim colors. Those colors would go on to become the colors of all McDonald's franchises. (Recognizing its historic and nostalgic value, in 1990 the McDonald's Corporation acquired the stand and rehabilitated it to a modern but nearly original condition, and then built an adjacent museum and gift shop to commemorate the site.) Title: Otto's Pub & Brewery Passage: Otto's Pub & Brewery is a brewpub in State College, Pennsylvania, USA. It first opened in 2002 and has been at its current location since 2010. It is located approximately three miles from the main campus of the Pennsylvania State University. Title: Tiff City, Missouri Passage: Tiff City is an unincorporated community in McDonald County, Missouri, United States. It is located on Route 76, bordering the Oklahoma state line. The community is part of the Fayetteville–Springdale–Rogers, AR-MO Metropolitan Statistical Area. Title: Hotel Galvez Passage: The Hotel Galvez is a historic hotel located in Galveston, Texas, United States that opened in 1911. The building was named the Galvez, honoring Bernardo de Gálvez, 1st Viscount of Galveston, for whom the city was named. The building was added to the National Register of Historic Places on April 4, 1979. Title: History of McDonald's Passage: 1974: On November 13, the first McDonald's in the United Kingdom opens in Woolwich, southeast London. It is the company's 3000th restaurant. Title: Lednikov Bay Passage: Lednikov Bay () is a small bay just west of McDonald Bay on the coast of Antarctica. The bay was mapped in 1955 from aerial photos taken by U.S. Navy Operation Highjump, 1946–47. It was remapped by the Soviet expedition of 1956 and named "Bukhta Lednikovaya" (glacier bay), probably because of its location at the terminus of a small glacier. Title: History of McDonald's Passage: 1971: The first Australian McDonald's opens in the Sydney suburb of Yagoona in December. The restaurant becomes known locally as ``Maccas ''.	[ "Horndean", "McWorld", "History of McDonald's" ]
When did the U.S. state which benefited from this road become part of the U.S.?	January 6, 1912	[]	Title: Pennsylvania Route 162 Passage: Pennsylvania Route 162 (PA 162) is a state highway in southeast Pennsylvania. The western terminus of the route is at the PA 82/PA 82 in Unionville, Chester County. The eastern terminus is at U.S. Route 322 Business (US 322 Bus.) in West Chester. PA 162 is known as Embreeville Road from its western terminus to the village of Embreeville and Telegraph Road from Embreeville to an intersection with the Strasburg Road one mile (1.6 km) west of Marshallton. At this point, the route turns east, following the Strasburg Road to US 322 Bus. in West Chester. The portion of road between Marshallton and West Chester follows the 17th-century "Great Minquas Path" and became part of the Strasburg Road linking Strasburg and Philadelphia in the 1770s. PA 162 was designated onto its current alignment by 1930. Title: New York State Route 100 Passage: New York State Route 100 (NY 100) is a major north–south state highway in Westchester County, New York, in the United States. It begins parallel to Interstate 87 (I-87) at a junction with the Cross County Parkway in the city of Yonkers and runs through most of the length of the county up to U.S. Route 202 (US 202) in the town of Somers. NY 100 was designated as part of the 1930 renumbering of state highways in New York. Prior to becoming a state road, various sections of NY 100 were part of several important early roads in the county. Title: New York City Subway Passage: The Great Blizzard of 1888 helped demonstrate the benefits of an underground transportation system. A plan for the construction of the subway was approved in 1894, and construction began in 1900. The first underground line of the subway opened on October 27, 1904, almost 36 years after the opening of the first elevated line in New York City, which became the IRT Ninth Avenue Line. The fare was $0.05 and on the first day the trains carried over 150,000 passengers. The oldest structure still in use opened in 1885 as part of the BMT Lexington Avenue Line in Brooklyn and is now part of the BMT Jamaica Line. The oldest right - of - way, which is part of the BMT West End Line near Coney Island Creek, was in use in 1864 as a steam railroad called the Brooklyn, Bath and Coney Island Rail Road. Title: K-8 (Kansas highway) Passage: K-8 is the name of two separate state highways in Kansas, United States. The southern highway is a road, linking Oklahoma State Highway 8 (SH-8) to the town of Kiowa. The northern highway links U.S. Route 36 (US-36) near Athol to Nebraska Highway 10 (N-10) near the town of Franklin. Title: Connecticut Route 74 Passage: Route 74 is a state highway in Connecticut in the eastern part of the Greater Hartford area. It runs from Route 194 in South Windsor to US 44 in Ashford, going through the towns of Ellington, Vernon, Tolland, and Willington. East of its junction with I-84, it becomes a rural collector road. Title: Old Baltimore Pike Passage: Old Baltimore Pike is a road in the U.S. state of Delaware. The road, known as New Castle County Road 26, runs from Maryland Route 281 (MD 281) at the Maryland state line south of Newark, Delaware and continues east to Christiana, ending near Delaware Route 1 (DE 1). The road is paralleled by Interstate 95 (I-95, Delaware Turnpike) to the north and U.S. Route 40 (US 40, Pulaski Highway) to the south. The Old Baltimore Pike was built before 1720 and connected Elkton, Maryland to Christiana. It was a turnpike called the Elk and Christiana Turnpike between 1817 and 1838. In the past it served as a major connection between Philadelphia and Baltimore. Title: Bundall Road Passage: Bundall Road is a road from Bundall to Southport on the Gold Coast in Queensland, Australia. Originally a suburban street, it is now part of Southport – Burleigh Road, a state controlled road (State Route 3) Title: Hanover Passage: The Schnellweg (en: expressway) system, a number of Bundesstraße roads, forms a structure loosely resembling a large ring road together with A2 and A7. The roads are B 3, B 6 and B 65, called Westschnellweg (B6 on the northern part, B3 on the southern part), Messeschnellweg (B3, becomes A37 near Burgdorf, crosses A2, becomes B3 again, changes to B6 at Seelhorster Kreuz, then passes the Hanover fairground as B6 and becomes A37 again before merging into A7) and Südschnellweg (starts out as B65, becomes B3/B6/B65 upon crossing Westschnellweg, then becomes B65 again at Seelhorster Kreuz). Title: Chihuahua (state) Passage: Santa Bárbara became the launching place for expeditions into New Mexico by Spanish conquistadors like: Antonio de Espejo, Gaspar Castaño, Antonio Gutiérrez de Umaña, Francisco Leyba de Bonilla, and Vicente de Zaldívar. Several expeditions were led to find a shorter route from Santa Barbara to New Mexico. In April 1598, Juan de Oñate finally found a short route from Santa Barbara to New Mexico which came to be called El Paso del Norte (The Northern Pass). The discovery of El Paso Del Norte was important for the expansion of El Camino Real de Tierra Adentro (The Inner Land Royal Road) to link Spanish settlements in New Mexico to Mexico City; El Camino Real de Tierra Adentro facilitated transport of settlers and supplies to New Mexico. Title: Nevada State Route 119 Passage: State Route 119 is a state highway in Nevada, United States. It connects U.S. Route 95 east to NAS Fallon as part of Berney Road. Title: Minnesota State Highway 81 (1934) Passage: Minnesota State Highway 81 was a state highway in the U.S. state of Minnesota. It ran north from what is now TH 200 to Crookston. It was eliminated when US 75 was realigned to this road in the mid-1950s. Title: Claymont Heights, Delaware Passage: Claymont Heights is an unincorporated community in New Castle County, Delaware, United States. Claymont Heights is located along Harvey Road northwest of U.S. Route 13 Business in the southwestern part of Claymont. Title: San Juan Skyway Passage: The San Juan Skyway is an All-American Road and a component in the Colorado Scenic and Historic Byway System. It forms a loop in the southwest part of the U.S. state of Colorado traversing the heart of the San Juan Mountains. It roughly parallels the routes of the narrow gauge railways: Rio Grande Southern (US 160, SH 145 and SH 62); and the unconnected Ouray and Silverton Branches of the Denver & Rio Grande along US 550 with the Silverton Railroad bridging a part of the gap. Its origin can be traced to the Around the Circle Route promoted by the D&RG. Title: New Mexico Territory Passage: The Territory of New Mexico was an organized incorporated territory of the United States that existed (with varying boundaries) from September 9, 1850, until January 6, 1912, when the remaining extent of the territory was admitted to the Union as the State of New Mexico, making it the longest - lived organized incorporated territory of the United States, lasting approximately 62 years. Title: Musical road Passage: The Civic Musical Road was built on Avenue K in Lancaster, California, United States, on 5 September 2008. Covering a quarter - mile stretch of road between 60th Street West and 70th Street West, the Musical Road used grooves cut into the asphalt to replicate part of the Finale of the William Tell Overture. It was paved over on 23 September after nearby residents complained to the city council about noise levels. Title: Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program Passage: The amount of SNAP benefits received by a household depends on the household's size, income, and expenses. For most of its history, the program used paper - denominated ``stamps ''or coupons -- worth US $1 (brown), $5 (blue), and $10 (green) -- bound into booklets of various denominations, to be torn out individually and used in single - use exchange. Because of their 1: 1 value ratio with actual currency, the coupons were printed by the Bureau of Engraving and Printing. Their rectangular shape resembled a U.S. dollar bill (although about one - half the size), including intaglio printing on high - quality paper with watermarks. In the late 1990s, the Food Stamp Program was revamped, with some states phasing out actual stamps in favor of a specialized debit card system known as Electronic Benefit Transfer (EBT), provided by private contractors. EBT has been implemented in all states since June 2004. Each month, SNAP food stamp benefits are directly deposited into the household's EBT card account. Households may use EBT to pay for food at supermarkets, convenience stores, and other food retailers, including certain farmers' markets. Title: Monroe v. Pape Passage: Monroe v. Pape, 365 U.S. 167 (1961), was a United States Supreme Court case that considered the application of federal civil rights law to constitutional violations by city employees. The case was significant because it held that 42 U.S.C. § 1983, a statutory provision from 1871, could be used to sue state officers who violated a plaintiff's constitutional rights. § 1983 had previously been a relatively obscure and little - used statute, but since Monroe it has become a central part of United States civil rights law. Title: Nevada State Route 266 Passage: State Route 266 (SR 266) is a state highway in Esmeralda County, Nevada, United States. It connects the routing of California State Route 266 east to U.S. Route 95 (US 95) via the town of Lida. Lida Road previously carried the southern end of State Route 3. Title: U.S. Route 66 Passage: U.S. Route 66 (US 66 or Route 66), also known as the Will Rogers Highway, the Main Street of America or the Mother Road, was one of the original highways within the U.S. Highway System. US 66 was established on November 11, 1926, with road signs erected the following year. The highway, which became one of the most famous roads in the United States, originally ran from Chicago, Illinois, through Missouri, Kansas, Oklahoma, Texas, New Mexico, and Arizona before ending at Santa Monica, California, covering a total of 2,448 miles (3,940 km). It was recognized in popular culture by both the hit song ``(Get Your Kicks on) Route 66 ''and the Route 66 television show in the 1960s. Title: Owens, Virginia Passage: Owens is a small unincorporated crossroads community at the intersection of Dahlgren Road, Windsor Drive, and Owens Drive in King George County, Virginia, United States. State Routes 206 and 218 meet at this intersection, with 206 going east towards U.S. Route 301 and Dahlgren, 218 going south towards US 301 and Colonial Beach and 206 and 218 joined together going west towards Arnolds Corner and Fredericksburg. The eastern part of the community is within the Dahlgren census-designated place.	[ "Chihuahua (state)", "New Mexico Territory" ]
What was the country where Nkwerre is located named for?	Niger River	[]	Title: William M. Hobby Passage: William M. Hobby (1899–1942), was a United States Navy officer killed in action during World War II for whom a U.S. Navy ship was named. Title: Drinkin' Problem Passage: ``Drinkin 'Problem ''is the debut single of the American country music band Midland. It was released on July 27 2017, as the first single from their debut album On the Rocks. The band members wrote the song with Josh Osborne and Shane McAnally, the latter of whom also produced it. Title: Nkwerre Passage: Nkwerre is one of the Local Government Areas in Imo State, Nigeria with its headquarters in Nkwerre town where the name of local government area was derived. Title: Nigeria Passage: The name "" was taken from the Niger River running through the country. This name was coined in the late 19th century by British journalist Flora Shaw, who later married Lord Lugard, a British colonial administrator. The origin of the name "Niger", which originally applied only to the middle reaches of the Niger River, is uncertain. The word is likely an alteration of the Tuareg name "egerew n-igerewen" used by inhabitants along the middle reaches of the river around Timbuktu prior to 19th-century European colonialism. Title: John Francis Sheehan Passage: John Francis Sheehan (1910–1942) was a United States Navy sailor killed in action during World War II for whom a destroyer escort was named during the war. Title: Camp Connor Passage: Camp Connor was a Union Army outpost established May 23, 1863 by Captain David Black, 3rd Regiment California Volunteer Infantry, by order of Brigadier General Patrick Edward Connor commander of the District of Utah, Department of the Pacific for whom the post was named. Title: Osmund Holm-Hansen Passage: Osmund Holm-Hansen (also known as Oz Holm-Hansen) is a Norwegian-born American scientist, for whom Mount Holm-Hansen, in Antarctica is named. A plant physiologist by training, from 1962 Holm-Hansen was the head of polar research at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography. Title: Lake Pontchartrain Passage: Lake Pontchartrain is named for Louis Phélypeaux, comte de Pontchartrain. He was the French Minister of the Marine, Chancellor, and Controller-General of Finances during the reign of France's "Sun King", Louis XIV, for whom the colony of "La Louisiane" was named. Title: Sistine Chapel ceiling Passage: The ceiling is that of the Sistine Chapel, the large papal chapel built within the Vatican between 1477 and 1480 by Pope Sixtus IV, for whom the chapel is named. It was painted at the commission of Pope Julius II. The chapel is the location for papal conclaves and many other important services. Title: ISO 3166 Passage: ISO 3166 is a standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) that defines codes for the names of countries, dependent territories, special areas of geographical interest, and their principal subdivisions (e.g., provinces or states). The official name of the standard is Codes for the representation of names of countries and their subdivisions. Title: Franco-Prussian War Passage: The quick German victory over the French stunned neutral observers, many of whom had expected a French victory and most of whom had expected a long war. The strategic advantages possessed by the Germans were not appreciated outside Germany until after hostilities had ceased. Other countries quickly discerned the advantages given to the Germans by their military system, and adopted many of their innovations, particularly the General Staff, universal conscription and highly detailed mobilization systems. Title: Left Grouping of the Valencian Country Passage: Left Grouping of the Valencian Country (in Catalan: "Agrupament d'Esquerra del País Valencià") was a political group created in 1982 out of a nationalist splinter-group of the Communist Party of the Valencian Country (PCPV), the 'possibilist' sector of the Socialist Party of National Liberation of the Catalan Countries (PSAN) and independent leftwing nationalists. AEPV was registered as a political party. Soon after its foundation AEPV initiated cooperation with the Nationalist Party of the Valencian Country (PNPV) and the Left Unity of the Valencian Country (UEPV), with whom AEPV founded the coalition Valencian People's Union (UPV). Title: JCB (company) Passage: JCB was founded in 1945 by Joseph Cyril Bamford, after whom it is named; it continues to be owned by the Bamford family. In the UK and India, 'JCB' is often used colloquially as a generic description for mechanical diggers and excavators and now appears in the Oxford English Dictionary, although it is still held as a trademark. Title: ISO 3166-1 Passage: ISO 3166-1 is part of the ISO 3166 standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), and defines codes for the names of countries, dependent territories, and special areas of geographical interest. The official name of the standard is "Codes for the representation of names of countries and their subdivisions – Part 1: Country codes". It defines three sets of country codes: Title: The Hireling Shepherd Passage: The Hireling Shepherd (1851) is a painting by the Pre-Raphaelite artist William Holman Hunt. It represents a shepherd neglecting his flock in favour of an attractive country girl to whom he shows a death's-head hawkmoth. The meaning of the image has been much debated. Title: 653 Berenike Passage: 653 Berenike is a main-belt asteroid discovered on November 27, 1907, by Joel Hastings Metcalf at Taunton, Massachusetts. It is named after Berenice II of Egypt, after whom the constellation Coma Berenices is also named. Title: Hotel Galvez Passage: The Hotel Galvez is a historic hotel located in Galveston, Texas, United States that opened in 1911. The building was named the Galvez, honoring Bernardo de Gálvez, 1st Viscount of Galveston, for whom the city was named. The building was added to the National Register of Historic Places on April 4, 1979. Title: Émile Bertrand Passage: Émile Bertrand (1844–1909) was a French mineralogist, in honour of whom bertrandite was named by Alexis Damour. He also gave his name to the "Bertrand lens" or phase telescope. Title: Frank Burr Mallory Passage: Frank Burr Mallory (1862–1941) was an American pathologist at the Boston City Hospital and Professor of Pathology at Harvard Medical School, after whom the Mallory body is named. Title: Alma Grace McDonough Health and Recreation Center Passage: The Alma Grace McDonough Health and Recreation Center is a 2,200 seat multipurpose arena and recreation facility on the campus of Wheeling Jesuit University in Wheeling, West Virginia. The building was constructed thanks to a gift from Alma Grace McDonough, whom the building is named after.	[ "Nkwerre", "Nigeria" ]
Who was in charge of the colony where Nathaniel Pearce House is located?	Roger Williams	[]	Title: Wooldridge-Rose House Passage: The Wooldridge-Rose House, located in Pewee Valley, Kentucky, was placed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2007. It is a c.1905 Colonial Revival-style house, two stories high of considerable size. Its foundation is limestone block foundation with a roof of tin and shingles, and weatherboard siding. Title: Casa Blanca (San Juan) Passage: Casa Blanca is a house museum located in Old San Juan within the historic colonial section of the capital of Puerto Rico. Title: Pearce Ferry Airport Passage: Pearce Ferry Airport is a public use airport in Mohave County, Arizona, United States. The airport is owned by the National Park Service. It is located north of the central business district of Meadview and east of Lake Mead's Gregg Basin. Title: Commodore Joshua Barney House Passage: The Commodore Joshua Barney House is a historic home located at Savage, Howard County, Maryland, United States. It was originally situated on a 700-acre tract in modern Savage Maryland named Harry's Lot, at a time when the closest town was Elk Ridge. In 1809, Nathaniel F. Williams (1782-1864) married Caroline Barney, daughter of Joshua Barney, who in turn expanded an existing mill site on the property to create the Savage Mill. Title: Pomona Hall Passage: Pomona Hall is a colonial mansion located at 1900 Park Boulevard and Euclid Avenue, in Camden, Camden County, New Jersey, United States, that operates as a museum by the Camden County Historical Society. The first building on the site was constructed in 1718, while construction of the more substantial mansion house was started in 1726, with later additions made in 1788. It is not known when the house was first called Pomona Hall; but it is marked on Hill's "Map of Philadelphia and Environs", published in 1809. Title: Matthew Rowan Passage: He was appointed President of the Council and acting governor of North Carolina in 1753, following the death of governor Nathaniel Rice. He remained in the charge until 1754. Matthew Rowan died April, 1760. He is buried on the Brunswick County plantation. Title: Impeachment in the United States Passage: Impeachment proceedings may be commenced by a member of the House of Representatives on her or his own initiative, either by presenting a list of the charges under oath or by asking for referral to the appropriate committee. The impeachment process may be initiated by non-members. For example, when the Judicial Conference of the United States suggests a federal judge be impeached, a charge of actions constituting grounds for impeachment may come from a special prosecutor, the President, or state or territorial legislature, grand jury, or by petition. Title: Nathaniel Chipman Passage: Nathaniel Chipman (November 15, 1752 – February 13, 1843) was a Justice and Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Vermont, a United States District Judge of the United States District Court for the District of Vermont and a United States Senator from Vermont. Title: History of Rhode Island Passage: In 1636, Roger Williams settled on land granted to him by the Narragansett tribe at the tip of Narragansett Bay after being banished from the Massachusetts Bay Colony for his religious views. He called the site ``Providence Plantations ''and declared it a place of religious freedom. Title: Museo de las Casas Reales Passage: The Museo de las Casas Reales (English: "Museum of the Royal Houses") is one of the important cultural monuments built during the colonial era in Hispaniola, now the Dominican Republic. It is located in the Colonial district of Santo Domingo. Title: The Last Confession of Alexander Pearce Passage: The Last Confession of Alexander Pearce is a 2008 Australian film directed by Michael James Rowland starring Irish actors Adrian Dunbar as Philip Conolly and Ciarán McMenamin as bushranger Alexander Pearce and an ensemble Australian cast, including Dan Wyllie, Don Hany and Chris Haywood. The film was shot on location in Tasmania and Sydney between April and May 2008. Title: Nathaniel Ropes Building Passage: The Nathaniel Ropes Building is a historic commercial building in downtown Cincinnati, Ohio, United States. Located on Main Street near the Hamilton County Courthouse, this 1882 building has been named a historic site. Title: Freedom Trail Passage: The Freedom Trail is a 2.5 - mile - long (4.0 km) path through downtown Boston, Massachusetts, that passes by 16 locations significant to the history of the United States. Marked largely with brick, it winds between Boston Common to the Bunker Hill Monument in Charlestown. Stops along the trail include simple explanatory ground markers, graveyards, notable churches and buildings, and a historic naval frigate. While most of the sites are free or suggest donations, the Old South Meeting House, the Old State House, and the Paul Revere House charge admission. The Freedom Trail is overseen by the City of Boston's Freedom Trail Commission and is supported in part by grants from various nonprofits and foundations, private philanthropy, and Boston National Historical Park. Title: Mark W. Walker Passage: Mark W. Walker was a member of the Utah House of Representatives until he resigned from the Utah State House in July 2008 over charges he had tried to bribe his opponent in the race for Utah State Treasurer to drop out and let him win. Title: Nathaniel Mountain Passage: Nathaniel Mountain is a mountain ridge that runs southwest northeast through Hampshire County in West Virginia's Eastern Panhandle, rising to its greatest elevation of above sea-level. The mountain is bound at its western flank by the South Branch Potomac River and to its eastern flank by South Branch Mountain . The bulk of Nathaniel Mountain is located within the Nathaniel Mountain Wildlife Management Area (WMA) owned by the West Virginia Division of Natural Resources. Title: Signing of the United States Declaration of Independence Passage: The signing of the United States Declaration of Independence occurred (primarily) on August 2, 1776 at the Pennsylvania State House (Independence Hall) in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The 56 delegates to the Second Continental Congress represented the 13 former colonies which had declared themselves the ``United States of America, ''and they endorsed the Declaration of Independence which the Congress had approved on July 4, 1776. The Declaration proclaimed that the Thirteen Colonies then at war with Great Britain were now sovereign states and thus no longer a part of the British Empire. The signers' names are grouped by state, with the exception of President of the Continental Congress John Hancock; the states are arranged geographically from north to south. Title: USS Fanning (FF-1076) Passage: USS "Fanning" (FF-1076), a , is the third ship of the United States Navy to be named for Nathaniel Fanning. Title: Nathaniel Pearce House Passage: The Nathaniel Pearce House is an historic house at 305 Brook Street in Providence, Rhode Island. This Early Republican house is an "archetype of domestic design of its period". It was built in 1801 at 41 George Street on Brown's Main Green facing University Hall, where it enjoyed a view of Narragansett Bay. Nathaniel Pearce, a ship-master and ship-owner, purchased it circa 1780, doubled its size with a central hallway and new ornamental entrance and re-oriented to George Street in 1800. By 1888 it was owned by the Goddard family, who sold the George Street land to Brown University. Conditions of the sale required the house be either demolished or moved. John J. DeWolf bought the house and moved it to Brook Street in that year. In 1915, his nephew Halsey DeWolf, MD inherited the house and commissioned an expansion and colonial revival enhancements by his wife's cousin, architect Wallis E. Howe of Clarke & Howe. Landscape architects Searle & Searle refurbished the rear garden in the mid 1990s. Title: Terence Dolan House Passage: The Terence Dolan House is a historic house at 478 Prospect Street in Methuen, Massachusetts, United States. Built in 1900, it is a high-style local example of Colonial Revival architecture. The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1984. Title: Plymouth Colony Passage: Plymouth Colony (sometimes New Plymouth) was an English colonial venture in North America from 1620 to 1691. The first settlement of the Plymouth Colony was at New Plymouth, a location previously surveyed and named by Captain John Smith. The settlement served as the capital of the colony and developed as the modern town of Plymouth, Massachusetts. At its height, Plymouth Colony occupied most of the southeastern portion of the modern state of Massachusetts.	[ "History of Rhode Island", "Nathaniel Pearce House" ]
In which county was Jerry Miller born?	Pierce County	[]	Title: Paea Passage: Paea is a commune in the suburbs of Papeete in French Polynesia, an overseas territory of France in the southern Pacific Ocean. Paea is located on the island of Tahiti, in the administrative subdivision of the Windward Islands, themselves part of the Society Islands. At the 2017 census it had a population of 13,021. Title: Jerry Miller Passage: Jerry Miller (born July 10, 1943 in Tacoma, Washington) is an American songwriter, guitarist and vocalist. He performs as a solo artist and as a member of the Jerry Miller Band. He is also a founding member of the 1960s San Francisco band Moby Grape, which continues to perform occasionally. "Rolling Stone" included Jerry at number 68 on their list of the 100 greatest guitarists of all time and Moby Grape's album 'Moby Grape' at number 124 on their list of the 500 greatest albums of all time. Title: Biysky District Passage: Biysky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-nine in Altai Krai, Russia. It is located in the east of the krai and borders with Zonalny, Tselinny, Soltonsky, Krasnogorsky, Sovetsky, and Smolensky Districts, as well as with the territory of the City of Biysk. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Biysk (which is not administratively a part of the district). District's population: Title: British Togoland Passage: British Togoland, officially the Mandate Territory of Togoland and later officially the Trust Territory of Togoland, was a territory in West Africa, under the administration of the United Kingdom. It was effectively formed in 1916 by the splitting of the German protectorate of Togoland into two territories, French Togoland and British Togoland, during the First World War. Initially, it was a League of Nations Class B mandate. In 1922, British Togoland was formally placed under British rule while French Togoland, now Togo, was placed under French rule. Title: Khabarovsky District Passage: Khabarovsky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the seventeen in Khabarovsk Krai, Russia. It consists of two unconnected segments separated by the territory of Amursky District, which are located in the southwest of the krai. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Khabarovsk (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population: Title: Union territory Passage: A union territory is a type of administrative division in the Republic of India. Unlike states, which have their own elected governments, union territories are ruled directly by the Union Government (central government), hence the name ``union territory ''. Union territories in India qualify as federal territories, by definition. Title: Pierce County Community Newspaper Group Passage: The Pierce County Community Newspaper Group (PCCNG) consists of four newspapers in and around Tacoma, Washington. The papers include the Tacoma Weekly (formerly the Tacoma Monthly), the Fife Free Press, the Milton-Edgewood Signal. Title: National Register of Historic Places listings in Miller County, Georgia Passage: This is a list of properties and districts in Miller County, Georgia that are listed on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP). Title: States of Germany Passage: Local associations of a special kind are an amalgamation of one or more Landkreise with one or more Kreisfreie Städte to form a replacement of the aforementioned administrative entities at the district level. They are intended to implement simplification of administration at that level. Typically, a district-free city or town and its urban hinterland are grouped into such an association, or Kommunalverband besonderer Art. Such an organization requires the issuing of special laws by the governing state, since they are not covered by the normal administrative structure of the respective states. Title: Ola Babcock Miller Building Passage: The Ola Babcock Miller Building, also known as the State Library of Iowa, is an historic building located in Des Moines, Iowa, United States. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1978 as the Iowa State Historical Building. Title: Territory of Papua Passage: In 1949, the Territory and the Territory of New Guinea were established in an administrative union by the name of the Territory of Papua and New Guinea. That administrative union was renamed as Papua New Guinea in 1971. Notwithstanding that it was part of an administrative union, the Territory of Papua at all times retained a distinct legal status and identity; it was a Possession of the Crown whereas the Territory of New Guinea was initially a League of Nations mandate territory and subsequently a United Nations trust territory. This important legal and political distinction remained until the advent of the Independent State of Papua New Guinea in 1975. Title: Dallol (woreda) Passage: Dallol is one of the woredas in the Afar Region of Ethiopia. This woreda is named for the former mining settlement of Dallol, which set the record for the hottest inhabited place on Earth, with an average temperature of 34° C. Located at the northernmost point of the Administrative Zone 2, Dallol's territory includes part of the Afar Depression. This woreda is bordered on the south by Koneba, on the west by the Tigray Region, on the north by Eritrea, and on the east and south by Berhale. Detailed information is not available for the settlements in this woreda. Title: Ap Lo Chun Passage: Ap Lo Chun () is a small island in the New Territories of Hong Kong. It is located in Ap Chau Bay () between Ap Chau in the east and Sai Ap Chau in the west, with the islet of Ap Tan Pai nearby in the northeast. It is under the administration of North District. Title: Visa requirements for Canadian citizens Passage: Visa requirements for Canadian citizens are administrative entry restrictions by the authorities of other states placed on citizens of Canada. As of 1 January 2018, Canadian citizens had visa - free or visa on arrival access to 172 countries and territories, ranking the Canadian passport 6th in terms of travel freedom according to the Henley Passport Index. Title: Zec Bras-Coupé–Désert Passage: The ZEC Bras-Coupé-Desert is a "zone d'exploitation contrôlée" (controlled harvesting zone) (ZEC), located in the unorganized territory of Lac-Pythonga in La Vallée-de-la-Gatineau Regional County Municipality, in the administrative region of Outaouais, in Quebec, in Canada. Title: Bogotá Passage: Bogotá (/ ˈboʊɡətɑː /, / ˌbɒɡəˈtɑː /, / ˌboʊ - /; Spanish pronunciation: (boɣoˈta) (listen)), officially Bogotá, Distrito Capital, abbreviated Bogotá, D.C., and formerly known as Santafé de Bogotá between 1991 and 2000, is the capital and largest city of Colombia, administered as the Capital District, although often thought of as part of Cundinamarca. Bogotá is a territorial entity of the first order, with the same administrative status as the departments of Colombia. It is the political, economic, administrative, industrial, artistic, cultural, and sports center of the country. Title: Jerry and Pleasant View, North Carolina Passage: Jerry and Pleasant View are two adjacent unincorporated communities in Tyrrell County, North Carolina, United States; Jerry lies southeast of Pleasant View. Both communities lie at an elevation of 3 feet (1 m). Jerry is located at (35.8821078, -76.2268719), while Pleasant View is located at (35.8893301, -76.2327058). Title: Deninu School Passage: Deninu School is a K-12 public school located in Fort Resolution, Northwest Territories, Canada. The school currently represents the only public education option for youth in the hamlet and serves a student population of approximately 125 students. The administration of the school is the responsibility of the South Slave Divisional Education Council (SSDEC). Title: Millers Ranch, Butte County, California Passage: Millers Ranch is a former settlement in Butte County, California, United States. It was located northeast of Bangor. A post office operated at Millers Ranch from 1862 to 1865. Title: Biblioteca Ayacucho Passage: The Biblioteca Ayacucho ("Ayacucho Library") is an editorial entity of the government of Venezuela, founded on September 10, 1974. It is managed by the "Fundación Biblioteca Ayacucho". Its name, "Ayacucho", comes from the intention to honor the definitive and crucial Battle of Ayacucho that took place December 9, 1824 between Spain and the territories of the Americas, prior to the full independence of the continent.	[ "Jerry Miller", "Pierce County Community Newspaper Group" ]
In what year was the death of the person who wrote the song Seven Seas of Rhye?	1991	[]	Title: Nu tar vi dom Passage: "Nu tar vi dom" (alternate spelling: "Nu tar vi dem"), also known as "VM, nu är det hockeyfeber", is a song used as a fight song for the Swedish national team during the 1989 IIHF World Ice Hockey Championship in Sweden. Lasse Holm wrote both lyrics and music, and the song was recorded by the players themselves, with Håkan Södergren as lead singer. The single peaked at second position on the Swedish singles chart. The B-side was "Här kommer grabbarna" by Lotta Engberg. The song became a Svensktoppen hit for seven weeks between 9 April-21 May 1989, and topped the chart between 16-30 April that year. Title: Blossom & Bee Passage: Blossom & Bee is the third studio album by American jazz singer Sara Gazarek, which was released on June 19, 2012 through Palmetto Records. It is her first album in five years and her Palmetto Records debut. All the tracks are cover versions, except "Blossom & Bee," which Gazarek co-wrote with producer Larry Goldings and Bill DeMain, also "Fly Away Birdie," which Gazarek co-wrote with her long-time collaborator and pianist Josh Nelson. Seven of the twelve songs on this album have been recorded by Blossom Dearie. Title: Queen (band) Passage: The group's second LP, Queen II, was released in 1974, and features rock photographer Mick Rock's iconic image of the band on the cover. This image would be used as the basis for the 1975 "Bohemian Rhapsody" music video production. The album reached number five on the British album chart and became the first Queen album to chart in the UK. The Freddie Mercury-written lead single "Seven Seas of Rhye" reached number ten in the UK, giving the band their first hit. The album is the first real testament to the band's distinctive layered sound, and features long complex instrumental passages, fantasy-themed lyrics, and musical virtuosity. Aside from its only single, the album also included the song "The March of the Black Queen", a six-minute epic which lacks a chorus. The Daily Vault described the number as "menacing". Critical reaction was mixed; the Winnipeg Free Press, while praising the band's debut album, described Queen II as a "over-produced monstrosity". Allmusic has described the album as a favourite among the band's hardcore fans, and it is the first of three Queen albums to feature in the book 1001 Albums You Must Hear Before You Die. Title: If We Must Die Passage: ``If We Must Die ''is a 1919 poem by Claude McKay published in the July issue of The Liberator. McKay wrote the poem as a response to mob attacks by white Americans upon African - American communities during Red Summer. The poem was later reprinted in The Messenger of the same year. The poem would also be read in Congress by Republican Senator from Massachusetts Henry Cabot Lodge. Title: My Soul to Take Passage: My Soul to Take (originally called 25 / 8) is a 2010 American supernatural horror film written and directed by Wes Craven. It is his first film since 1994's Wes Craven's New Nightmare that he wrote, produced, and directed. The film stars Max Thieriot as the protagonist Adam ``Bug ''Hellerman, who is one of seven teenagers chosen to die. Title: Beyond the Sea Passage: Beyond the Sea is a 2004 American musical drama film based on the life of singer / actor Bobby Darin. Starring in the lead role and using his own singing voice for the musical numbers, Kevin Spacey co-wrote, directed, and co-produced the film, which takes its title from Darin's hit version of the song of the same name. Title: Ryde or Die, Bitch Passage: "Ryde or Die, Bitch", (also known by its clean title, "Ryde or Die, Chick"), is the lead single released from The LOX's second album, "We Are the Streets". The song was produced by Timbaland and featured him and Eve. It was the most successful single from the album, peaking at 73 on the "Billboard" Hot 100, 27 on the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs and 22 on the Hot Rap Singles. Title: Queen (band) Passage: Before forming Queen, Brian May and Roger Taylor had played together in a band named Smile. Freddie Mercury (then known by his birth name of Farrokh "Freddie" Bulsara) was a fan of Smile and encouraged them to experiment with more elaborate stage and recording techniques. Mercury joined the band in 1970, suggested "Queen" as a new band name, and adopted his familiar stage name. John Deacon was recruited prior to recording their eponymous debut album in 1973. Queen first charted in the UK with their second album, Queen II, in 1974, but it was the release of Sheer Heart Attack later that year and A Night at the Opera in 1975 which brought them international success. The latter featured "Bohemian Rhapsody", which stayed at number one in the UK for nine weeks and popularised the music video. Their 1977 album, News of the World, contained "We Will Rock You" and "We Are the Champions", which have become anthems at sporting events. By the early 1980s, Queen were one of the biggest stadium rock bands in the world. Their performance at 1985's Live Aid is ranked among the greatest in rock history by various music publications, with a 2005 industry poll ranking it the best. In 1991, Mercury died of bronchopneumonia, a complication of AIDS, and Deacon retired in 1997. Since then, May and Taylor have occasionally performed together, including with Paul Rodgers (2004–09) and with Adam Lambert (since 2011). In November 2014, Queen released a new album, Queen Forever, featuring vocals from the late Mercury. Title: Mesozoic Passage: The Late Jurassic spans from 163 million to 145 million years ago. The Late Jurassic featured a massive extinction of sauropods and Ichthyosaurs due to the separation of Pangaea into Laurasia and Gondwana in an extinction known as the Jurassic-Cretaceous extinction. Sea levels rose, destroying fern prairies and creating shallows in its wake. Ichthyosaurs went extinct whereas sauropods, as a whole, did not die out in the Jurassic; in fact, some species, like the Titanosaurus, lived up to the K-T extinction. The increase in sea-levels opened up the Atlantic sea way which would continue to get larger over time. The divided world would give opportunity for the diversification of new dinosaurs. Title: Freunde Passage: "Freunde" ("Friends") is a song by Die Toten Hosen. It's the fourth single and the twelfth track from the album "Zurück zum Glück". Title: The Man Who Wouldn't Die (1942 film) Passage: The Man Who Wouldn't Die is a 1942 Mystery directed by Herbert I. Leeds, starring Lloyd Nolan and Marjorie Weaver. This movie is the 5th of a series of seven of the Michael Shayne movies produced by Twentieth Century Fox between 1940-1942. Title: Samstag aus Licht Passage: Samstag aus Licht (Saturday from Light) is an opera by Karlheinz Stockhausen in a greeting and four scenes, and was the second of seven to be composed for the opera cycle "Licht: die sieben Tage der Woche" (Light: The Seven Days of the Week). It was written between 1981 and 1983, to a libretto written by the composer and incorporating a text by Saint Francis of Assisi, and was first staged in Milan in 1984. Title: Rey Valera Passage: Rey Valera started his recording career in 1977 after becoming a band member from a group called Electric Hair Band for seven years. He waxed his first single as a solo singer -- songwriter with the song Ako si Superman, which he created supposedly for Rico Puno. His former boss at Vicor Records gave him the opportunity to sing his song and at the same time hired him as one of Vicor's in - house producers. Valera wrote the song ``Mr. D.J. ''and`` Kahit Maputi Na Ang Buhok Ko'' for Sharon Cuneta and released on 2008. Title: Seven Doors Hotel Passage: "Seven Doors Hotel", written by Joey Tempest, was the first single released from the Swedish heavy metal band Europe's self-titled debut album. It was a big hit in Japan, reaching the Top 10. It was one of the first songs he ever wrote. Title: Sleeping Beauty Passage: At the christening of a king and queen's long - wished - for child, seven good fairies are invited to be godmothers to the infant princess. The fairies attend the banquet at the palace. Each fairy is presented with a golden plate and drinking cups adorned with jewels. Soon after, an old fairy enters the palace and is seated with a plate of fine china and a crystal drinking glass. This old fairy is overlooked because she has been within a tower for many years and everyone had believed her to be deceased. Six of the other seven fairies then offer their gifts of beauty, wit, grace, dance, song, and goodness to the infant princess. The evil fairy is very angry about having been forgotten, and as her gift, enchants the infant princess so that she will one day prick her finger on a spindle of a spinning wheel and die. The seventh fairy, who has n't yet given her gift, attempts to reverse the evil fairy's curse. However, she can only do so partially. Instead of dying, the Princess will fall into a deep sleep for 100 years and be awakened by a kiss from a king's son. Title: Easton Corbin Passage: Joe Fisher, senior director of A&R at Universal Music Group Nashville, signed Easton Corbin to the Mercury Nashville label in 2009. He released his debut single, "A Little More Country Than That", in July. Rory Lee Feek of Joey + Rory wrote the song with Don Poythress and Wynn Varble. The label released a four-song digital extended play entitled "A Little More Country Than That" in August, shortly before the single entered Top 40 on the "Billboard" Hot Country Songs chart. Corbin's self-titled debut album was released in March 2010, under the production of Carson Chamberlain. The album had first-week sales of 43,000 copies, making for the highest first-week sales on the Mercury Nashville label in seven years. Title: 1/2 Lovesong Passage: "1/2 Lovesong" is a song by Die Ärzte. It's the sixth track and the third single from their 1998 album "13". The song was composed by Bela B.. Title: Tristan da Cunha Passage: The 1961 eruption of Queen Mary's Peak forced the evacuation of the entire population via Cape Town to England. The following year a Royal Society expedition went to the islands to assess the damage, and reported that the settlement of Edinburgh of the Seven Seas had been only marginally affected. Most families returned in 1963. Title: I Will Always Love You Passage: Country music singer - songwriter Dolly Parton wrote the song in 1973 for her one - time partner and mentor Porter Wagoner, from whom she was separating professionally after a seven - year partnership. She recorded it in RCA's Studio B in Nashville on June 13, 1973. ``I Will Always Love You ''was issued on June 6, 1974, as the second single from Parton's thirteenth solo studio album, Jolene (1974). In 1982, Parton re-recorded the song, when it was included on the soundtrack to the film The Best Little Whorehouse in Texas. In addition to the 1982 re-recording for the soundtrack album, Parton's original 1974 recording of the song also appeared in Martin Scorsese's film Alice Does n't Live Here Anymore, and the 1996 film It's My Party. The song also won Parton Female Vocalist of the Year at the 1975 CMA Awards. Title: Tommy Sparks Passage: Thomas "Tommy" Sparks (born 7 February 1986) is a Swedish-born English singer-songwriter from London. He is known for his songs "She's Got Me Dancing" and "I'm a Rope". His self-titled album was released on 11 May 2009 in the United Kingdom. He co-wrote The Prodigy song "Wild West" featured on the bonus disc for "Invaders Must Die". He also features on the Filthy Dukes album "Nonsense in the Dark" on the song "Messages".	[ "Queen (band)" ]
Where is the place Hindscarth is part of located in the UK?	county of Cumbria	[ "Cumbria" ]	Title: Excerpt from A Teenage Opera Passage: "Excerpt from 'A Teenage Opera'" (also known as "Grocer Jack") is a 1967 single by Keith West, produced by Mark Wirtz. It was a big hit in Europe, peaking at number two on the UK Singles Chart. The single was part of a bigger "A Teenage Opera" project. Title: The Exorcist (film) Passage: Following a successful re-release in cinemas in 1998, the film was submitted for home video release again in February 1999, and was passed uncut with an 18 certificate, signifying a relaxation of the censorship rules with relation to home video in the UK, in part due to James Ferman's departure. The film was shown on terrestrial television in the UK for the first time in 2001, on Channel 4. Title: Moss Lake Passage: Moss Lake () is the southernmost lake in Paternoster Valley on Signy Island, in the South Orkney Islands off Antarctica. It was so named by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee because a luxuriant stand of moss covers the deeper part of the lake. Title: School of Geography, University of Leeds Passage: The School of Geography is part of the Faculty of Environment at The University of Leeds based in the UK. Title: Exile Nunatak Passage: Exile Nunatak () is an isolated nunatak in the northwest part of Handel Ice Piedmont in the west-central part of Alexander Island, Antarctica. It was first mapped from air photos obtained by the Ronne Antarctic Research Expedition, 1947–48, by D. Searle of the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey in 1960. The name given by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee suggests the feature's isolated position. Title: Hornpipe Heights Passage: The Hornpipe Heights () are a group of partly exposed ridges rising to about lying between Sullivan Glacier, Mikado Glacier, and Clarsach Glacier in the northern part of Alexander Island, Antarctica. Whistle Pass is adjacent to the northeastern part of the heights. The heights were so named by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee in 1977 in association with Whistle Pass. Title: UK Uncovered Passage: UK Uncovered is a British reality television show that was filmed on location as part of a national tour, visiting nearly every major town and city in the United Kingdom. Three series aired originally on the Men and Motors cable/satellite channel in the United Kingdom, operated by ITV plc, starting in December 2002. The first two series were fairly similar to each other, being that they allowed a previously unseen side of British character in a purely observational style, however the third series showed something of a departure by intertwining deliberate comedy and fictional characters interacting with the public. Title: Heathrow Terminal 3 Passage: The main presences in Terminal 3 are American Airlines, British Airways and Virgin Atlantic, which have their UK hubs located here. Emirates and Qantas are the other major users of the terminal. Title: Fortitude (TV series) Passage: Fortitude is a fictional community located on Svalbard in Arctic Norway. It is described as an international community, with inhabitants from many parts of the world (population of 713 inhabitants and 4 police officers). The series was filmed in both the UK and in Reyðarfjörður, Iceland. Title: Hindscarth Passage: Hindscarth is a mountain between the valleys of Buttermere and Newlands, in the north-western part of the English Lake District. The fell's name is derived from two words from the Old Norse language, "Hind" and "Skarth", and means the pass used by the red deer. Title: Discovery Networks UK Passage: Discovery Networks UK started out with the launch of the Discovery Channel in Europe in 1989 and was for a long time a part of Discovery Networks Europe (DNE). In early 2007, DNE was split into two separate branches, Discovery Networks UK and Discovery Network EMEA, both headquartered in London. As of 2011 Discovery Networks Europe has merged its operations in the UK, Nordic region and other parts of Western Europe to form Discovery Networks Western Europe. Title: Conqueror of Atlantis Passage: Conqueror of Atlantis (Il conquistatore di Atlantide, UK title: "Kingdom in the Sand") is a 1965 Italian fantasy film adventure directed by Alfonso Brescia. Although the main character is called Herakles, this film was not part of the Italian "Hercules" film series of the 1960s. Title: Herschel Heights Passage: The Herschel Heights () are a complex of nunataks of which Mimas Peak on the east is the highest, located southwest of the Enceladus Nunataks and near the head of Saturn Glacier in southeastern Alexander Island, Antarctica. The eastern part of this feature was photographed by Lincoln Ellsworth, November 23, 1935, in the course of his trans-Antarctic flight and was plotted from the air photos by W.L.G. Joerg. The heights were named by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee from association with Mimas and Enceladus, after Sir William Herschel, the British astronomer who discovered these two satellites of Saturn in 1789. Title: Bermuda Passage: In May 1940, the US requested base rights in Bermuda from the United Kingdom, but British Prime Minister Winston Churchill was initially unwilling to accede to the American request without getting something in return. In September 1940, as part of the Destroyers for Bases Agreement, the UK granted the US base rights in Bermuda. Bermuda and Newfoundland were not originally included in the agreement, but both were added to it, with no war material received by the UK in exchange. One of the terms of the agreement was that the airfield the US Army built would be used jointly by the US and the UK (which it was for the duration of the war, with RAF Transport Command relocating there from Darrell's Island in 1943). Title: The History of the World (Part 1) Passage: "The History of the World (Part 1)" is a single by the Damned, released in 1980 on Chiswick Records. It was co-produced by the band with Hans Zimmer and was included on the band's "The Black Album". The record was released in both 7" and 12" formats, and reached No. 51 in the UK Singles Chart. Title: Excise stamp Passage: In the UK, excise stamps have been in use for spirits since 2006. While these are usually printed on the back label of the bottle by the manufacturer rather than being a special security bought from the government, they still have to adhere to strict specifications, such as containing UV - visible inks. UK law does not require such physical stamps for cigarettes, either - instead, the words ``UK Duty Paid ''are printed in bold on all packs as part of the manufacturing process, while other forms of control are implemented by HM Revenue & Customs to verify that this is indeed the case. Meanwhile, foreign - bought cigarette packets bearing revenue stamps can be widely seen across the UK, mainly due to the comparatively high price of British cigarettes, leading people to (often illegally) import them from abroad. Title: Space Goofs Passage: Space Goofs (French title: "Les Zinzins de l'Espace", or in the United Kingdom: "Home to Rent") is a French animated series produced by Gaumont Multimedia, and Xilam for France 3 that first aired in 1997. It also debuted at the same year in Germany on ProSieben. It also aired, in Quebec, on Télétoon. In the UK, the 1st season premiered on Channel 4 and the 2nd season premiered under its original moniker on Nicktoons UK on 5 November 2005 at 9:30am. It also aired as part of the Fox Kids lineup on Fox in the United States. Title: Mark Achtman Passage: Mark Achtman FRS is Professor of Bacterial Population Genetics at Warwick Medical School, part of the University of Warwick in the UK. Title: Timeline of young people's rights in the United Kingdom Passage: The UNCRC defines children, for the purposes of the Convention, as persons under the age 18, unless domestic legislation provides otherwise. In that spirit, this timeline includes as children all those below the UK age of majority, which was 21 until 1970 when it was reduced to 18. Although the Crown Dependencies of the Isle of Man, Guernsey and Jersey are not constitutionally part of the UK, the British government is responsible for their external affairs and therefore for their international treaty obligations, so this timeline includes references to matters in those dependencies. Title: Lake District Passage: It is located entirely within the county of Cumbria, and all the land in England higher than 3,000 feet (910 m) above sea level lies within the National Park, including Scafell Pike, the highest mountain in England. It also contains the deepest and longest bodies of water in England, respectively Wast Water and Windermere.	[ "Hindscarth", "Lake District" ]
What region is the SMA Negeri 68 in the city where Monty Tiwa was born located in?	Central Jakarta	[ "Jakarta, Indonesia", "Jakarta" ]	Title: Biblioteca Ayacucho Passage: The Biblioteca Ayacucho ("Ayacucho Library") is an editorial entity of the government of Venezuela, founded on September 10, 1974. It is managed by the "Fundación Biblioteca Ayacucho". Its name, "Ayacucho", comes from the intention to honor the definitive and crucial Battle of Ayacucho that took place December 9, 1824 between Spain and the territories of the Americas, prior to the full independence of the continent. Title: Biysky District Passage: Biysky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-nine in Altai Krai, Russia. It is located in the east of the krai and borders with Zonalny, Tselinny, Soltonsky, Krasnogorsky, Sovetsky, and Smolensky Districts, as well as with the territory of the City of Biysk. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Biysk (which is not administratively a part of the district). District's population: Title: Paea Passage: Paea is a commune in the suburbs of Papeete in French Polynesia, an overseas territory of France in the southern Pacific Ocean. Paea is located on the island of Tahiti, in the administrative subdivision of the Windward Islands, themselves part of the Society Islands. At the 2017 census it had a population of 13,021. Title: Finland (song) Passage: "Finland" is a Monty Python comedy song written and performed by Michael Palin and arranged by John Du Prez with a guitar accompaniment. It first appeared on the album "Monty Python's Contractual Obligation Album" from 1980 and was later included on the 1989 compilation "Monty Python Sings". Title: British Togoland Passage: British Togoland, officially the Mandate Territory of Togoland and later officially the Trust Territory of Togoland, was a territory in West Africa, under the administration of the United Kingdom. It was effectively formed in 1916 by the splitting of the German protectorate of Togoland into two territories, French Togoland and British Togoland, during the First World War. Initially, it was a League of Nations Class B mandate. In 1922, British Togoland was formally placed under British rule while French Togoland, now Togo, was placed under French rule. Title: Khairul Ridzwan Othman Passage: Khairul Ridzwan Othman (born 7 October 1991 in Seremban, Negeri Sembilan) is a Malaysian footballer formerly playing for Negeri Sembilan FA in Malaysia Super League. Title: Lew Syn Pau Passage: Lew Syn Pau () is a former Member of Parliament for the Kreta Ayer-Tanglin Group Representation Constituency in Singapore as a People's Action Party politician. Since 2002, he has been President of the Singapore Manufacturers' Federation (SMa). Title: Perlis State Mosque Passage: The Perlis State Mosque (Malay: "Masjid Negeri Perlis") is a mosque in Arau, Perlis, Malaysia. It is the state and royal mosque of Perlis. Title: Monty Tiwa Passage: Monty Tiwa (born 28 August 1976 in Jakarta) is an Indonesian screenwriter, composer, film editor, film producer and film director. Monty Tiwa enrolled in University of Kansas before he returned to Indonesia and worked as creative writer for Trans TV (2002–2003), head section creative for RCTI (2003–2004) and creative director for MNC (2004–2005). Title: Brooke Smith, Houston Passage: Brooke Smith is a historic neighborhood in Houston, Texas. Founded in 1905, it encompasses approximately 1,400 homes in the 77009 ZIP code. A central part of the neighborhood is Montie Beach Park, located at the center of the community. The park is also the name for Brooke Smith's neighborhood, Montie Beach Civic Club Title: Dallol (woreda) Passage: Dallol is one of the woredas in the Afar Region of Ethiopia. This woreda is named for the former mining settlement of Dallol, which set the record for the hottest inhabited place on Earth, with an average temperature of 34° C. Located at the northernmost point of the Administrative Zone 2, Dallol's territory includes part of the Afar Depression. This woreda is bordered on the south by Koneba, on the west by the Tigray Region, on the north by Eritrea, and on the east and south by Berhale. Detailed information is not available for the settlements in this woreda. Title: Zec Bras-Coupé–Désert Passage: The ZEC Bras-Coupé-Desert is a "zone d'exploitation contrôlée" (controlled harvesting zone) (ZEC), located in the unorganized territory of Lac-Pythonga in La Vallée-de-la-Gatineau Regional County Municipality, in the administrative region of Outaouais, in Quebec, in Canada. Title: Territory of Papua Passage: In 1949, the Territory and the Territory of New Guinea were established in an administrative union by the name of the Territory of Papua and New Guinea. That administrative union was renamed as Papua New Guinea in 1971. Notwithstanding that it was part of an administrative union, the Territory of Papua at all times retained a distinct legal status and identity; it was a Possession of the Crown whereas the Territory of New Guinea was initially a League of Nations mandate territory and subsequently a United Nations trust territory. This important legal and political distinction remained until the advent of the Independent State of Papua New Guinea in 1975. Title: Bancroft, Maine Passage: Bancroft was a town in Aroostook County, Maine, United States. The population was 68 at the 2010 census. As of 2013, the population of the town was 60. On July 1, 2015 the town voted to deorganize and become part of the unorganized territory of South Aroostook. Title: SMA Negeri 68 Jakarta Passage: SMA Negeri 68 Jakarta (SMANED) is a public high school located at Salemba Raya street in Central Jakarta, Indonesia. The school is in one complex with SMP Negeri 216 Jakarta, SD Negeri Kenari, and Menza functional building. It was established on August 29, 1981 after being inaugurated by President Soeharto. In 2006, it was appointed to become RSBI (Rintisan Sekolah Bertaraf Internasional). Today, there are 840 students and 103 teachers and staff. Title: Arrondissement of Mechelen Passage: The Arrondissement of Mechelen (; ) is one of the three administrative arrondissements in the Province of Antwerp, Belgium. It is both an administrative and a judicial arrondissement, as the territory for both coincides. Title: Vilnius County Passage: Vilnius County () is the largest of the 10 counties of Lithuania, located in the east of the country around the city Vilnius. On 1 July 2010, the county administration was abolished, and since that date, Vilnius County remains as the territorial and statistical unit. Title: Labohan Dagang–Nilai Route Passage: Labohan Dagang–Nilai Route, also known as Nilai–KLIA Highway, Federal Route 32 (formerly Selangor state route B20 or Negeri Sembilan state route N20), is a major highway in the Multimedia Super Corridor area in Selangor and Negeri Sembilan states, Malaysia. The 26.0 km (16.2 mi) federal highway connects Tanjung Dua Belas, Selangor in the west to Nilai, Negeri Sembilan in the east. Title: Tuanku Jaafar Power Station Passage: Tuanku Jaafar Power Station is one of the main power stations in Malaysia, located in Port Dickson, Negeri Sembilan. The power station belongs to Tenaga Nasional Berhad and is a state-of-art combined cycle power plants comprise PD1 (750MW MHI Technology) and PD2 (750MW GE-TOSHIBA Technology). Title: Khabarovsky District Passage: Khabarovsky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the seventeen in Khabarovsk Krai, Russia. It consists of two unconnected segments separated by the territory of Amursky District, which are located in the southwest of the krai. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Khabarovsk (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population:	[ "SMA Negeri 68 Jakarta", "Monty Tiwa" ]
What county shares a border with the other county where Lower Rancheria is located?	El Dorado County	[]	Title: Warner Cope Passage: Born in Kentucky, Cope came to California in 1850 and tried mining, but found little success. In 1853 he resumed work as an attorney, first in El Dorado County and the next year in Jackson, Amador County. In October 1858, he was elected to the California State Assembly from Amador as a Democrat. Title: Koi Nation Passage: The Koi Nation of the Lower Lake Rancheria is a federally recognized tribe of Southeastern Pomo people in Sonoma County, California. Their name for their tribe is Koi Nation of Northern California, from their traditional village, Koi, once located on an island in Clear Lake. Title: Bogotá Passage: Bogotá (/ ˈboʊɡətɑː /, / ˌbɒɡəˈtɑː /, / ˌboʊ - /; Spanish pronunciation: (boɣoˈta) (listen)), officially Bogotá, Distrito Capital, abbreviated Bogotá, D.C., and formerly known as Santafé de Bogotá between 1991 and 2000, is the capital and largest city of Colombia, administered as the Capital District, although often thought of as part of Cundinamarca. Bogotá is a territorial entity of the first order, with the same administrative status as the departments of Colombia. It is the political, economic, administrative, industrial, artistic, cultural, and sports center of the country. Title: Enterprise, Northwest Territories Passage: Enterprise is a hamlet in the South Slave Region of the Northwest Territories, Canada, located between Great Slave Lake and the Alberta border on the Hay River. Title: Enterprise Rancheria Passage: Enterprise Rancheria is the landbase for the Estom Yumeka Maidu Tribe, located in Butte County, near Oroville, California. The nearest outside communities are Berry Creek and Forbestown. As of the 2010 Census the population was 1. Title: Toome Lower Passage: Toome Lower is a barony in County Antrim, Northern Ireland. To its east lies Belfast Lough, and it is bordered by four other baronies: Toome Upper to the south; Antrim Lower to the east; Kilconway to the north; and Loughinsholin to the west. Toome Lower also formed part of the medieval territories known as the Route and Clandeboye. Title: Orłowiec Passage: Orłowiec () is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Lądek-Zdrój, within Kłodzko County, Lower Silesian Voivodeship, in south-western Poland, near the border with the Czech Republic. Title: Latvia Passage: Latvia ( or ; , ), officially the Republic of Latvia (, ), is a country in the Baltic region of Northern Europe. Since its independence, Latvia has been referred to as one of the Baltic states. It is bordered by Estonia to the north, Lithuania to the south, Russia to the east, and Belarus to the southeast, and shares a maritime border with Sweden to the west. Latvia has 1,957,200 inhabitants and a territory of . The country has a temperate seasonal climate. Title: Kennedy Space Center Passage: The John F. Kennedy Space Center (KSC, originally known as the NASA Launch Operations Center) is one of ten National Aeronautics and Space Administration field centers. Since December 1968, the KSC has been NASA's primary launch center of human spaceflight. Launch operations for the Apollo, Skylab and Space Shuttle programs were carried out from Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39 and managed by KSC. Located on the east coast of Florida, KSC is adjacent to Cape Canaveral Air Force Station (CCAFS). The management of the two entities work very closely together, share resources, and even own facilities on each other's property. Title: Minsk Voivodeship Passage: Minsk Voivodeship (, , ) was a unit of administrative division and local government in Grand Duchy of Lithuania since 1566 and later in Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, until the partitions of the Commonwealth in 1793. Centred on the city of Minsk and subordinate to the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, the region continued the traditions – and shared the borders – of several previously existing units of administrative division, notably a separate Duchy of Minsk, annexed by Lithuania in the 13th century. It was replaced with Minsk Governorate in 1793. Title: Lower Rancheria, California Passage: Lower Rancheria is a former settlement in Amador County, California. It was located on Rancheria Creek east-southeast of Drytown, at an elevation of 1017 feet (310 m). Placer mining began at Lower Rancheria in 1848. Title: Biysky District Passage: Biysky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-nine in Altai Krai, Russia. It is located in the east of the krai and borders with Zonalny, Tselinny, Soltonsky, Krasnogorsky, Sovetsky, and Smolensky Districts, as well as with the territory of the City of Biysk. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Biysk (which is not administratively a part of the district). District's population: Title: Northern Territory Passage: The Northern Territory (abbreviated as NT) is a federal Australian territory in the central and central northern regions of Australia. It shares borders with Western Australia to the west (129th meridian east), South Australia to the south (26th parallel south), and Queensland to the east (138th meridian east). To the north, the territory is bordered by the Timor Sea, the Arafura Sea and the Gulf of Carpentaria. Despite its large area -- over 1,349,129 square kilometres (520,902 sq mi), making it the third largest Australian federal division -- it is sparsely populated. The Northern Territory's population of 244,000 (2016) makes it the least populous of Australia's eight major states and territories, having fewer than half as many people as Tasmania. Title: Tatra County Passage: Tatra County () is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Lesser Poland Voivodeship, southern Poland, on the Slovak border. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and only town is Zakopane, which lies south of the regional capital Kraków. The county takes its name from the Tatra mountain range, which covers most of its territory. Title: Gmina Kłodzko Passage: Gmina Kłodzko is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Kłodzko County, Lower Silesian Voivodeship, in south-western Poland. Its seat is the town of Kłodzko, although the town is not part of the territory of the gmina. Title: Kingdom of Gera Passage: The Kingdom of Gera (1835 – 1887) was one of the kingdoms in the Gibe region of Ethiopia that emerged in the late 19th century. It shared its northern border with the Kingdom of Gumma, its eastern border with the Kingdom of Gomma, and was separated from the Kingdom of Kaffa to the south by the Gojeb River. With its capital at Chala (Cira), the Gera kingdom's territory corresponds approximately with the modern woreda of Gera. Title: Khabarovsky District Passage: Khabarovsky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the seventeen in Khabarovsk Krai, Russia. It consists of two unconnected segments separated by the territory of Amursky District, which are located in the southwest of the krai. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Khabarovsk (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population: Title: Dallol (woreda) Passage: Dallol is one of the woredas in the Afar Region of Ethiopia. This woreda is named for the former mining settlement of Dallol, which set the record for the hottest inhabited place on Earth, with an average temperature of 34° C. Located at the northernmost point of the Administrative Zone 2, Dallol's territory includes part of the Afar Depression. This woreda is bordered on the south by Koneba, on the west by the Tigray Region, on the north by Eritrea, and on the east and south by Berhale. Detailed information is not available for the settlements in this woreda. Title: Gmina Chojnów Passage: Gmina Chojnów is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Legnica County, Lower Silesian Voivodeship, in south-western Poland. Its seat is the town of Chojnów, although the town is not part of the territory of the gmina. Title: Mount Franklin (Australian Capital Territory) Passage: Mount Franklin is a mountain with an elevation of in the Brindabella Ranges that is located on the border between the Australian Capital Territory and New South Wales, Australia. The summit of the mountain is located in the Australian Capital Territory.	[ "Warner Cope", "Lower Rancheria, California" ]
What is the religion of Ivan III from the country that Kseniya Boguslavskaya's spouse is from?	Eastern Orthodoxy	[]	Title: Kseniya Boguslavskaya Passage: Born in St. Petersburg, she studied art in Paris from 1911 to 1913. She returned to St. Petersburg in 1913 and married Ivan Puni. Their apartment in St Petersburg became a meeting place for avant-garde artists and poets. With Puni she published the cubo-futurist booklet "Roaring Parnassus" («Рыкающий Парнас») in 1914. Title: Armand (The Vampire Chronicles) Passage: Armand The Vampire Chronicles character Antonio Banderas as Armand (1994) First appearance Interview with the Vampire (1976) Portrayed by Antonio Banderas (1994) Information Nickname (s) Andrei Amadeo Aliases The ``vagabond angel child of Satan ''Species Vampire Gender Male Occupation Coven Leader Title All Father Family Ivan (father) Significant other (s) Marius de Romanus (maker / lover) Bianca Solderini (lover) Sybelle and Benji Louis de Pointe du Lac (lover) Daniel Molloy (fledgling / lover) Religion Orthodox (as a human) Catholic Nationality Russian Title: George II of Great Britain Passage: George II Portrait by Thomas Hudson, 1744 King of Great Britain and Ireland Elector of Hanover (more...) Reign 11 / 22 June 1727 -- 25 October 1760 Coronation 11 / 22 October 1727 Predecessor George I Successor George III 30 October / 9 November 1683 Herrenhausen Palace, or Leine Palace, Hanover 25 October 1760 (1760 - 10 - 25) (aged 76) Kensington Palace, London Burial 11 November 1760 Westminster Abbey, London Spouse Caroline of Ansbach (m. 1705; d. 1737) Issue Detail Frederick, Prince of Wales Anne, Princess of Orange Princess Amelia Princess Caroline Prince George William William, Duke of Cumberland Mary, Landgravine of Hesse - Kassel Louisa, Queen of Denmark and Norway Full name George Augustus German: Georg August House Hanover Father George I of Great Britain Mother Sophia Dorothea of Celle Religion Protestant Signature Title: Battle of Vimory Passage: The Battle of Vimory, occurred on 26 October 1587 between the French royal (Catholic) forces of King Henry III of France commanded by Henry of Guise and German and Swiss mercenaires commanded by Fabien I, Burgrave of Dohna and William-Robert de la Marck, Duke of Bouillon who were hired to assist Henry of Navarre's Huguenot forces during the eighth and final war (1585-1598) of the French Wars of Religion. Title: List of religions and spiritual traditions Passage: Religion is a collection of cultural systems, beliefs and world views that establishes symbols that relate humanity to spirituality and, sometimes to moral values. While religion is hard to define, one standard model of religion, used in religious studies courses, was proposed by Clifford Geertz, who simply called it a ``cultural system. ''A critique of Geertz's model by Talal Asad categorized religion as`` an anthropological category.'' Many religions have narratives, symbols, traditions and sacred histories that are intended to give meaning to life or to explain the origin of life or the universe. They tend to derive morality, ethics, religious laws, or a preferred lifestyle from their ideas about the cosmos and human nature. According to some estimates, there are roughly 4,200 religions in the world. Title: Protestantism in the United Kingdom Passage: Henry VIII was the first monarch to introduce a new state religion to the English. In 1532, he wanted to divorce his wife, Catherine of Aragon. When Pope Clement VII refused to consent to the divorce, Henry VIII decided to separate the entire country of England from the Roman Catholic Church. The Pope had no more authority over the people of England. This parting of ways opened the door for Protestantism to enter the country. Title: Ivan Alexander of Bulgaria Passage: Ivan Alexander (Bulgarian: Иван Александър, transliterated Ivan Aleksandǎr; pronounced [iˈvan alɛkˈsandər]; original spelling: ІѠАНЪ АЛЄѮАНдРЪ), also sometimes Anglicized as John Alexander, ruled as Emperor (Tsar) of Bulgaria from 1331 to 1371, during the Second Bulgarian Empire. The date of his birth is unknown. He died on 17 February 1371. The long reign of Ivan Alexander is considered a transitional period in Bulgarian medieval history. Ivan Alexander began his rule by dealing with internal problems and external threats from Bulgaria's neighbours, the Byzantine Empire and Serbia, as well as leading his empire into a period of economic recovery and cultural and religious renaissance.However, the emperor was later unable to cope with the mounting incursions of Ottoman forces, Hungarian invasions from the northwest and the Black Death. In an ill-fated attempt to combat these problems, he divided the country between his two sons, thus forcing it to face the imminent Ottoman conquest weakened and divided. Title: Rama III Passage: Thai baht 15th Series banknotes issued to draw attention to deeds of Chakri Dynasty monarchs in agriculture, science, religion and finance, depicted King Rama III on the reverse of the 500 baht banknote issued 3 August 2001, with a partial quotation of his deathbed statement below a Chinese sailing ship. Title: Tequila Makes Her Clothes Fall Off Passage: ``Tequila Makes Her Clothes Fall Off ''is a song written by Gary Hannan and John Wiggins and recorded by American country music artist Joe Nichols. It was released in August 2005 as the first single from Nichols' album III. The song became Nichols' second number one hit on the U.S. Billboard Hot Country Songs chart in late 2005. Title: Germany Passage: In 2011, 33% of Germans were not members of officially recognised religious associations with special status. Irreligion in Germany is strongest in the former East Germany, which used to be predominantly Protestant before state atheism, and major metropolitan areas.A 2017 estimate even shows that 37.0% of the German population were nonconfessional.Islam is the second largest religion in the country. In the 2011 census, 1.9% of the census population (1.52 million people) gave their religion as Islam, but this figure is deemed unreliable because a disproportionate number of adherents of this religion (and other religions, such as Judaism) are likely to have made use of their right not to answer the question. Figures from Religionswissenschaftlicher Medien- und Informationsdienst suggest a figure of 4.4 to 4.7 million (around 5.5% of the population) in 2015. A study conducted by the Federal Office for Migration and Refugees found that between 2011 and 2015 the Muslim population rose by 1.2 million people, mostly due to immigration. Most of the Muslims are Sunnis and Alevites from Turkey, but there are a small number of Shi'ites, Ahmadiyyas and other denominations.Other religions comprising less than one per cent of Germany's population are Buddhism with 270,000 adherents, Judaism with 200,000 adherents, and Hinduism with some 100,000 adherents. All other religious communities in Germany have fewer than 50,000 adherents each. Title: Alexander the Great Passage: Alexander the Great Basileus of Macedon, Hegemon of the Hellenic League, Shahanshah of Persia, Pharaoh of Egypt, Lord of Asia ``Alexander fighting king Darius III of Persia '', Alexander Mosaic, Naples National Archaeological Museum King of Macedonia Reign 336 -- 323 BC Predecessor Philip II Successor Alexander IV Philip III Pharaoh of Egypt Reign 332 -- 323 BC Predecessor Darius III Successor Alexander IV Philip III King of Persia Reign 330 -- 323 BC Predecessor Darius III Successor Alexander IV Philip III King of Asia Reign 331 -- 323 BC Predecessor New office Successor Alexander IV Philip III 20 or 21 July 356 BC Pella, Macedon, Ancient Greece 10 or 11 June 323 BC (aged 32) Babylon Spouse Roxana of Bactria Stateira II of Persia Parysatis II of Persia Issue Alexander IV Full name Alexander III of Macedon Greek Μέγας Ἀλέξανδρος (Mégas Aléxandros, Great Alexander) Ἀλέξανδρος ὁ Μέγας (Aléxandros ho Mégas, Alexander the Great) Dynasty Argead Father Philip II of Macedon Mother Olympias of Epirus Religion Greek polytheism Title: Ivan Puni Passage: Ivan Puni was born in Kuokkala (then Grand Duchy of Finland in the Russian Empire, now Repino in Russia) to a family of Italian origins. He is the grandson of an eminent Italian composer of ballet music, Cesare Pugni. Title: Tequila Makes Her Clothes Fall Off Passage: ``Tequila Makes Her Clothes Fall Off ''is a song recorded by American country music artist Joe Nichols. It was released in August 2005 as the first single from Nichols' album III and the second number 1 hit of his career. The song reached the top of the Billboard Hot Country Songs chart. Title: Ivan Lebedeff Passage: Ivan Lebedeff (born Ivan Vasilyevich Lebedev (), 18 June 1894 – 31 March 1953) was a Russian film actor. He appeared in 66 films between 1926 and 1953. Title: Indravarman III Passage: Indravarman III (), also titled Srindravarman () was a ruler of the Khmer Empire from 1295 to 1308. He rose to power after the abdication of his father in law Jayavarman VIII, whose eldest daughter, Srindrabhupesvarachuda, he had married. Indravarman III was a follower of Theravada Buddhism and upon his ascension to power he made it the state religion. Title: Religion in Lebanon Passage: Lebanon has several different main religions. The country has the most religiously diverse society of all states within the Middle East, comprising 18 recognized religious sects. The main two religions are Islam (Shia and Sunni) with 54% of followers and Christianity (the Maronite Church, the Greek Orthodox Church, the Melkite Greek Catholic Church, the Protestant Church, the Armenian Apostolic Church) with 40.4% of followers. There is also the Druze minority religion, which under the Lebanese political division (Parliament of Lebanon Seat Allocation) the Druze community is designated as one of the five Lebanese Muslim communities (Sunni, Shia, Druze, Alawi, and Ismaili). Title: Helena of Moscow Passage: Helena Ivanovna of Moscow (; ; ; 19 May 1476 – 20 January 1513) was daughter of Ivan III the Great, Grand Prince of Moscow, and an uncrowned Grand Duchess of Lithuania and Queen of Poland as she would not convert from Eastern Orthodoxy to Catholicism. Her childless marriage to Grand Duke of Lithuania and later King of Poland Alexander Jagiellon was a constant source of tension between the Grand Duchy of Moscow and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. Instead of guaranteeing peace, Helena's marriage gave her father Ivan III an excuse to interfere in Lithuanian affairs accusing Alexander of mistreating Helena and repressing Orthodox believers. This became the pretext to renew the Muscovite–Lithuanian Wars in 1500. The war ended with a six-year truce in 1503; the Grand Duchy of Lithuania lost about a third of its territory. Despite political tensions and religious differences, the marriage was a loving one and the royal couple was close. After her husband's death in 1506, Helena wanted to return to Moscow but was not allowed. When she planned to run away, she was arrested and reportedly poisoned. Title: Ivan Petrella Passage: Ivan Petrella holds a Bachelor’s degree from Georgetown University’s School of Foreign Service, a Masters of Theological Studies from Harvard Divinity School and a Ph.D. in Religion and Law from Harvard University’s Committee on the Study of Religion in the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences. Title: Ivan Lee Passage: Ivan Lee (born Ivan James Lee, March 31, 1981 in Brooklyn, New York) is an American sabre fencer, referee and coach. Title: Hurricane Ivan Passage: Ivan caused catastrophic damage to Grenada as a strong Category 3 storm, heavy damage to Jamaica as a strong Category 4 storm and then Grand Cayman, Cayman Islands and the western tip of Cuba as a Category 5 storm. After peaking in strength, the hurricane moved north - northwest across the Gulf of Mexico to strike Pensacola / Milton, Florida and Alabama as a strong Category 3 storm, causing significant damage. Ivan dropped heavy rains on the Southeastern United States as it progressed northeast and east through the eastern United States, becoming an extratropical cyclone. The remnant low from the storm moved into the western subtropical Atlantic and regenerated into a tropical cyclone, which then moved across Florida and the Gulf of Mexico into Louisiana and Texas, causing minimal damage. Ivan caused an estimated US $18 billion (2004 USD, $22.8 billion 2017 USD) in damages to the United States, making it the seventh costliest hurricane ever to strike the country.	[ "Kseniya Boguslavskaya", "Helena of Moscow", "Ivan Puni" ]
When was Eritrea annexed by the Horn of Africa country where Somali people live and has the Maskali Islands off its coast?	1953	[]	Title: Eritrea Passage: During the Middle Ages, the Eritrea region was known as Medri Bahri ("sea-land"). The name Eritrea is derived from the ancient Greek name for Red Sea (Ἐρυθρὰ Θάλασσα Erythra Thalassa, based on the adjective ἐρυθρός erythros "red"). It was first formally adopted in 1890, with the formation of Italian Eritrea (Colonia Eritrea). The territory became the Eritrea Governorate within Italian East Africa in 1936. Eritrea was annexed by Ethiopia in 1953 (nominally within a federation until 1962) and an Eritrean Liberation Front formed in 1960. Eritrea gained independence following the 1993 referendum, and the name of the new state was defined as State of Eritrea in the 1997 constitution.[citation needed] Title: East Africa Passage: Country Capital Largest city by population Second largest city by population Horn of Africa Djibouti Djibouti (0,475,322; 2009 est.) Djibouti Ali Sabieh Eritrea Asmara Asmara Keren Ethiopia Addis Ababa Addis Ababa (2,739,551; 2007 est.) Dire Dawa Somalia Mogadishu Mogadishu Hargeisa Nile Valley Egypt Cairo (7,248,671; 2010 est.) Cairo Alexandria (4,358,439; 2010 est.) Sudan Khartoum Omdurman Khartoum South Sudan Juba Juba Malakal Indian Ocean islands Madagascar Antananarivo (1,015,140; 2005 est.) Antananarivo Toamasina (3,133,518; 2009 est.) Mauritius Port Louis Port Louis Beau - Bassin Rose - Hill Comoros Moroni Moroni Mutsamudu Seychelles Victoria Victoria Anse Etoile Réunion Saint - Denis Saint - Denis Saint - Paul Mayotte Mamoudzou Mamoudzou Dzaoudzi East African Community Uganda Kampala (1,507,114; 2014 est.) Kampala Mbarara Rwanda Kigali Kigali Gitarama Burundi Bujumbura (0,497,169; 2008 est.) Bujumbura Muyinga Kenya Nairobi Nairobi Mombasa (0,915,101; 2009 est.) Tanzania Dodoma Dar es Salaam Mwanza Southeast Africa Mozambique Maputo Maputo Nampula Malawi Lilongwe (0,868,800; 2012 est.) Lilongwe Blantyre (0,783,296; 2012 est.) Zambia Lusaka Lusaka Kitwe Zimbabwe Harare Harare Bulawayo Title: Somalis Passage: Besides their traditional areas of inhabitation in Greater Somalia, a Somali community mainly consisting of entrepreneurs, academics, and students also exists in Egypt. In addition, there is an historical Somali community in the general Sudan area. Primarily concentrated in the north and Khartoum, the expatriate community mainly consists of students as well as some businesspeople. More recently, Somali entrepreneurs have established themselves in Kenya, investing over $1.5 billion in the Somali enclave of Eastleigh alone. In South Africa, Somali businesspeople also provide most of the retail trade in informal settlements around the Western Cape province. Title: Somalis Passage: The textile-making communities in Somalia are a continuation of an ancient textile industry, as is the culture of wood carving, pottery and monumental architecture that dominates Somali interiors and landscapes. The cultural diffusion of Somali commercial enterprise can be detected in its cuisine, which contains Southeast Asian influences. Due to the Somali people's passionate love for and facility with poetry, Somalia has often been referred to by scholars as a "Nation of Poets" and a "Nation of Bards" including, among others, the Canadian novelist Margaret Laurence. Title: Ottoman Empire Passage: Ottoman Turkish was the official language of the Empire. It was an Oghuz Turkic language highly influenced by Persian and Arabic. The Ottomans had several influential languages: Turkish, spoken by the majority of the people in Anatolia and by the majority of Muslims of the Balkans except in Albania and Bosnia; Persian, only spoken by the educated; Arabic, spoken mainly in Arabia, North Africa, Iraq, Kuwait, the Levant and parts of the Horn of Africa; and Somali throughout the Horn of Africa. In the last two centuries, usage of these became limited, though, and specific: Persian served mainly as a literary language for the educated, while Arabic was used for religious rites. Title: Horn of Africa Passage: Horn of Africa Countries and territories Djibouti Eritrea Ethiopia Somalia Major regional organizations Arab League, Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa, Community of Sahel - Saharan States, Intergovernmental Authority on Development Population 122,618,170 (2016 est.) Area 1,882,757 km Languages Afar Arabic Amharic French Oromo Somali Tigrinya Religion Islam, Christianity, traditional faiths Time zones UTC + 03: 00 Currency Djiboutian franc Eritrean nakfa Ethiopian birr Somali shilling Capitals Addis Ababa (Ethiopia) Asmara (Eritrea) Djibouti (Djibouti) Mogadishu (Somalia) Total GDP (PPP) $247.751 billion (2016) Total GDP (nominal) $102,057 billion (2016) Title: Somalis in the United Kingdom Passage: Somalis in the United Kingdom include British citizens and residents born in, or with ancestors from, Somalia. It is thought that the United Kingdom (UK) is home to the largest Somali community in Europe, with an estimated 98,000 Somali - born immigrants residing in the UK in 2016 according to the Office for National Statistics. The majority of these live in England, with the largest number found in London. Smaller Somali communities exist in Birmingham, Bristol, Manchester, Liverpool, Leicester, Milton Keynes, Sheffield and Cardiff. Title: Maskali Islands Passage: The Maskali Islands are located off the coast of Djibouti in the Gulf of Tadjoura. The islands are part of the Djibouti Region. Title: 2018 FIFA World Cup broadcasting rights Passage: Region Broadcaster Ref. Caribbean Countries / Territories Antigua & Barbuda Anguilla Aruba Barbados Belize British Virgin Islands Cayman Islands Curaçao Dominican Republic Grenada Guyana Haiti Montserrat St. Lucia St. Kitts & Nevis St. Vincent & the Grenadines Turks and Caicos U.S. Virgin Islands DirecTV Indian subcontinent Countries Bhutan India Maldives Nepal Pakistan Sri Lanka Sony Pictures Networks Middle East and North Africa Countries Algeria Bahrain Comoros Djibouti Egypt Iran Iraq Jordan Kuwait Lebanon Libya Mauritania Oman Palestinian Authority Qatar Saudi Arabia Somalia South Sudan Sudan Syria Tunisia United Arab Emirates Yemen KAN, beIN Sports Oceania Countries / Territories Cook Islands Fiji Kiribati Micronesia Nauru Palau Papua New Guinea Samoa Solomon Islands Tonga Tuvalu Vanuatu Sky Pacific Sub-Saharan Africa Countries Angola Benin Botswana Burkina Faso Burundi Cameroon Cape Verde Central African Republic Chad Congo Côte d'Ivoire DR Congo Equatorial Guinea Eritrea Ethiopia Gabon Gambia Ghana Guinea Guinea - Bissau Kenya Lesotho Liberia Madagascar Malawi Mali Mauritius Mozambique Namibia Niger Nigeria Rwanda Senegal Seychelles Sierra Leone Swaziland Tanzania Togo Uganda Zambia Zimbabwe Kwesé Sports, SuperSport, StarTimes, Canal+ Title: Dolo Odo Passage: Dolo Addo or Dolo Ado or Dollo Ado () is one of the woredas in the Somali Region of Ethiopia. Part of the Liben Zone, Dolo Ado is located in the angle formed by the confluence of the Ganale Dorya with the Dawa River, and bordered to the northwest by Filtu, on the northeast by Afder Zone, on the southeast by Somalia, and on the south by Kenya. Towns in Dollo Ado include Bekol May, Dolo and Softu. Title: Somalis Passage: In addition, the Somali community has produced numerous important Muslim figures over the centuries, many of whom have significantly shaped the course of Islamic learning and practice in the Horn of Africa, the Arabian Peninsula and well beyond. Title: Somalis Passage: The oldest evidence of burial customs in the Horn of Africa comes from cemeteries in Somalia dating back to 4th millennium BC. The stone implements from the Jalelo site in northern Somalia are said to be the most important link in evidence of the universality in palaeolithic times between the East and the West. Title: Horseed FC Passage: Horseed FC is a Somali football club based in Horseed, Somalia. It is seven times champion of the Somalia League. A team of the Armed Forces of Somalia, Horseed SC was among the most formidable and recognized football clubs in the country. After the civil war broke out, it discontinued operations, but has been revived in 2013 by Gen Dahir Aden elmi Commander of the Somalia Armed Forces. Gen Elmi revived all the different teams of Horseed Sports Club with emphasis on the Football Team which again began to compete in the Somalia Serie A league. Title: Somalis Passage: Somali people in the Horn of Africa are divided among different countries (Somalia, Djibouti, Ethiopia, and northeastern Kenya) that were artificially and some might say arbitrarily partitioned by the former imperial powers. Pan-Somalism is an ideology that advocates the unification of all ethnic Somalis once part of Somali empires such as the Ajuran Empire, the Adal Sultanate, the Gobroon Dynasty and the Dervish State under one flag and one nation. The Siad Barre regime actively promoted Pan-Somalism, which eventually led to the Ogaden War between Somalia on one side, and Ethiopia, Cuba and the Soviet Union on the other. Title: Somalis Passage: According to an autosomal DNA study by Hodgson et al. (2014), the Afro-Asiatic languages were likely spread across Africa and the Near East by an ancestral population(s) carrying a newly identified non-African genetic component, which the researchers dub the "Ethio-Somali". This Ethio-Somali component is today most common among Afro-Asiatic-speaking populations in the Horn of Africa. It reaches a frequency peak among ethnic Somalis, representing the majority of their ancestry. The Ethio-Somali component is most closely related to the Maghrebi non-African genetic component, and is believed to have diverged from all other non-African ancestries at least 23,000 years ago. On this basis, the researchers suggest that the original Ethio-Somali carrying population(s) probably arrived in the pre-agricultural period from the Near East, having crossed over into northeastern Africa via the Sinai Peninsula. The population then likely split into two branches, with one group heading westward toward the Maghreb and the other moving south into the Horn. Title: Somalis Passage: In ancient Somalia, pyramidical structures known in Somali as taalo were a popular burial style, with hundreds of these dry stone monuments scattered around the country today. Houses were built of dressed stone similar to the ones in Ancient Egypt. There are also examples of courtyards and large stone walls enclosing settlements, such as the Wargaade Wall. Title: Bab-el-Mandeb Passage: The Bab - el - Mandeb (Arabic: باب المندب, lit. ``Gate of Tears '') is a strait located between Yemen on the Arabian Peninsula, and Djibouti and Eritrea in the Horn of Africa. It connects the Red Sea to the Gulf of Aden. Title: Djibouti Passage: Djibouti ( (listen) jih-BOO-tee; Afar: Yibuuti, Arabic: جيبوتي‎ Jībūtī, French: Djibouti, Somali: Jabuuti, officially the Republic of Djibouti) is a country located in the Horn of Africa. It is bordered by Eritrea in the north, Ethiopia in the west and south, and Somalia in the southeast. The remainder of the border is formed by the Red Sea and the Gulf of Aden at the east. Djibouti occupies a total area of 23,200 km2 (8,958 sq mi). The state of Djibouti is predominantly inhabited by two ethnic groups, the Somali and the Afar people, the Somalis being the major ethnic group of the country. Title: Somalis Passage: In the late 19th century, after the Berlin conference had ended, European empires sailed with their armies to the Horn of Africa. The imperial clouds wavering over Somalia alarmed the Dervish leader Mohammed Abdullah Hassan, who gathered Somali soldiers from across the Horn of Africa and began one of the longest anti-colonial wars ever. The Dervish State successfully repulsed the British empire four times and forced it to retreat to the coastal region. As a result of its successes against the British, the Dervish State received support from the Ottoman and German empires. The Turks also named Hassan Emir of the Somali nation, and the Germans promised to officially recognize any territories the Dervishes were to acquire. After a quarter of a century of holding the British at bay, the Dervishes were finally defeated in 1920, when Britain for the first time in Africa used airplanes to bomb the Dervish capital of Taleex. As a result of this bombardment, former Dervish territories were turned into a protectorate of Britain. Italy similarly faced the same opposition from Somali Sultans and armies and did not acquire full control of parts of modern Somalia until the Fascist era in late 1927. This occupation lasted till 1941 and was replaced by a British military administration. Title: Somalis Passage: Somalis constitute the largest ethnic group in Somalia, at approximately 85% of the nation's inhabitants. They are traditionally nomads, but since the late 20th century, many have moved to urban areas. While most Somalis can be found in Somalia proper, large numbers also live in Ethiopia, Djibouti, Kenya, Yemen, the Middle East, South Asia and Europe due to their seafaring tradition.	[ "Eritrea", "Maskali Islands", "Somalis" ]
Who was the first commander in chief of the military group that included Army Aviation Corps after independence?	Rob Lockhart	[]	Title: Johnnie E. Wilson Passage: General Johnnie Edward Wilson (born February 4, 1944) is a retired United States Army four-star general who served as Commanding General, United States Army Materiel Command (CG AMC) from 1996 to 1999. He also served as the 25th Chief of Ordnance for the U.S. Army Ordnance Corps. Title: Chief of the Army Staff (India) Passage: No. Name Rank Photo Appointment Date Left Office Unit of Commission Decorations Rob Lockhart General 15 August 1947 31 December 1947 51st Sikhs KCB, CIE, MC Roy Bucher General 1 January 1948 15 January 1949 Cameronians (Scottish Rifles) KBE, CB, MC Kodandera M. Cariappa General 16 January 1949 14 January 1953 Rajput Regiment OBE Rajendrasinhji Jadeja General 14 January 1953 1 April 1955 2nd Lancers (Gardner's Horse) DSO Title: Joint Chiefs of Staff Passage: Position Photograph Name Service Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff Gen. Joseph F. Dunford United States Marine Corps Vice Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff Gen. Paul J. Selva United States Air Force Chief of Staff of the Army Gen. Mark A. Milley United States Army Commandant of the Marine Corps Gen. Robert B. Neller United States Marine Corps Chief of Naval Operations Adm. John M. Richardson United States Navy Chief of Staff of the Air Force Gen. David L. Goldfein United States Air Force Chief of the National Guard Bureau Gen. Joseph L. Lengyel United States Air Force Title: Franklin C. Sibert Passage: Franklin Cummings Sibert (January 3, 1891 – June 24, 1980) was a United States Army general. During World War II, Sibert was originally the commander of the 6th Infantry Division but was promoted to command the X Corps of General Walter Krueger's US Sixth Army. His corps took part in the landing operations of the Battle of Leyte in the Philippines. Title: History of the United States Air Force Passage: Aeronautical Division, Signal Corps (1 August 1907 -- 18 July 1914) Aviation Section, Signal Corps (18 July 1914 -- 20 May 1918 Division of Military Aeronautics (20 May 1918 -- 24 May 1918) Air Service, U.S. Army (24 May 1918 -- 2 July 1926) U.S. Army Air Corps (2 July 1926 -- 20 June 1941) * U.S. Army Air Forces (20 June 1941 -- 17 September 1947) * * Title: Franco-Prussian War Passage: The Prussian General Staff developed by Moltke proved to be extremely effective, in contrast to the traditional French school. This was in large part due to the fact that the Prussian General Staff was created to study previous Prussian operations and learn to avoid mistakes. The structure also greatly strengthened Moltke's ability to control large formations spread out over significant distances. The Chief of the General Staff, effectively the commander in chief of the Prussian army, was independent of the minister of war and answered only to the monarch. The French General Staff—along with those of every other European military—was little better than a collection of assistants for the line commanders. This disorganization hampered the French commanders' ability to exercise control of their forces. Title: Delbert L. Bristol Passage: Delbert L. Bristol (September 20, 1918 – April 3, 1980) served as an Aviation Artillery Officer attached to the II Corps during World War II and was the first such officer to create a Corps level Air Artillery staff. His negotiations during the transition of the Army Air Corps into the United States Air Force assisted in the establishment of the Army's organic aviation efforts following the separation. He was inducted in the Army Aviation Hall of Fame in 1976. Title: Army Air Corps (United Kingdom) Passage: The Army Air Corps (AAC) is a component of the British Army, first formed in 1942 during the Second World War by grouping the various airborne units of the British Army (which are no longer part of the AAC). Today, there are eight regiments (7 Regular Army and 1 Reserve) of the AAC as well as four Independent Flights and two Independent Squadrons deployed in support of British Army operations across the world. They are located in Britain, Brunei, Canada, and Germany. Some AAC squadrons provide the offensive and air assault elements of 16 Air Assault Brigade through Joint Helicopter Command. Title: Army Aviation Corps (India) Passage: The Army Aviation Corps is a component of the Indian Army, formed on 1 November 1986. The aviation arm is headed by a Director General of the rank of Lt General at the Army HQ, New Delhi. Title: Raymond T. Odierno Passage: Raymond Thomas "Ray" Odierno (; born 8 September 1954) is a retired four-star general of the United States Army who served as the 38th Chief of Staff of the Army. Prior to his service as Chief of Staff, Odierno commanded United States Joint Forces Command from October 2010 until its disestablishment in August 2011. He served as Commanding General, United States Forces – Iraq and its predecessor, Multi-National Force – Iraq, from September 2008 through September 2010. Before then, he served as Commanding General, III Corps, from May 2006 to May 2008. Odierno is the twelfth American military officer to command at the Division, Corps, and Army level during the same conflict and only the second with this distinction since the Vietnam War. Before commanding III Corps, he served as Assistant to the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff in Washington, where he was the primary military adviser to Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice from 3 November 2004 to 1 May 2006. Title: Chae Myung-shin Passage: Chae commanded "Skeleton Corps", guerrilla corps during the Korean War, and became the authority on guerrilla tactics of the South Korean Army. Title: Chief of Army Staff (Pakistan) Passage: In 1969, the title of the army command was changed from ``Commander - in - Chief ''to`` Chief of Staff'' with President Yahya Khan acting as Commander - in - Chief and General A.H. Khan as Chief of Staff. On 20 March 1972, the post was renamed as ``Chief of Army Staff ''(COAS) with Lieutenant - General Tikka Khan elevated to four star rank to be appointed as army's first chief of army staff. Title: Northumberland County Division Passage: The Northumberland County Division was a formation of the British Army formed in World War II on 24 February 1941. It ceased to function on 1 December 1941, and was disbanded on 21 December 1941. It was commanded by Major General R. C. Money and consisted of the 202nd Independent Infantry Brigade (Home), 216th Independent Infantry Brigade (Home) and 225th Independent Infantry Brigade (Home). It was commanded by X Corps until 9 April, IX Corps until 30 November and War Office control from then until disbandment. Title: Army of Northern Virginia Passage: The first commander of the Army of Northern Virginia was General P.G.T. Beauregard (under its previous name, the Confederate Army of the Potomac) from June 20 to July 20, 1861. His forces consisted of six brigades, with various militia and artillery from the former Department of Alexandria. During his command, Gen. Beauregard is noted for creating the battle flag of the army, which came to be the primary battle flag for all corps and forces under the Army of Northern Virginia. The flag was designed due to confusion during battle between the Confederate ``Stars and Bars ''flag and the flag of the United States. Beauregard continued commanding these troops as the new First Corps under Gen. J.E. Johnston as it was joined by the Army of the Shenandoah on July 20, 1861, when command was relinquished to General J.E. Johnston. The following day this army fought its first major engagement in the First Battle of Manassas. Title: Mihail Cămărașu Passage: Mihail Camarasu (born 1892, died 1962) was a Romanian Lieutenant-General during World War II. He served as Chief of Staff VII Corps in 1940, and in 1943 went from Commanding Officer Infantry 18th Mountain Division to General Officer Commanding 103rd Mountain Command. In 1944, he was Romanian Liaison Officer to XVII German Army Corps, Chief Prisoner of War Section General Staff, and General Officer Commanding 10th Division. From 1945 to 1948, he was Deputy General Officer Commanding of first the 5th Corps Area, and then the 3rd Military Region. He retired in 1948. Title: Joint Chiefs of Staff Passage: The Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff is, by law, the highest - ranking military officer of the United States Armed Forces, and the principal military adviser to the President of the United States. He leads the meetings and coordinates the efforts of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, comprising the chairman, the Vice Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, the Chief of Staff of the United States Army, the Commandant of the United States Marine Corps, the Chief of Naval Operations, the Chief of Staff of the United States Air Force, and the Chief of the National Guard Bureau. The Joint Chiefs of Staff have offices in The Pentagon. The chairman outranks all respective heads of each service branch, but does not have command authority over them, their service branches or the Unified Combatant Commands. All combatant commanders receive operational orders directly from the Secretary of Defense. Title: Vladimir Stoychev Passage: In 1944, Stoychev became a member of the Fatherland Front's Bureau of the National Committee. During World War II, Stoychev was in command of the Bulgarian First Army after the country switched allegiance to the Allies. Under Stoychev, the Bulgarian First Army helped the Red Army and Yugoslav Partisans drawing the Nazis out of much of Yugoslavia and Hungary, reaching the Austrian Alps by May 1945. On 8 May 1945, Vladimir Stoychev signed a demarkation agreement with British V Corps commander Charles Keightley in southern Austria. On 24 June 1945, he took part in the Moscow Victory Parade. Title: Battle of Peachtree Creek Passage: The Battle of Peachtree Creek was fought in Georgia on July 20, 1864, as part of the Atlanta Campaign in the American Civil War. It was the first major attack by Lt. Gen. John Bell Hood since taking command of the Confederate Army of Tennessee. The attack was against Maj. Gen. William T. Sherman's Union army which was perched on the doorstep of Atlanta. The main armies in the conflict were the Union Army of the Cumberland, commanded by Maj. Gen. George Henry Thomas and two corps of the Confederate Army of Tennessee. Title: Thomas F. Metz Passage: Thomas F. Metz (b. Elkin, North Carolina 1948) is a Lieutenant General in the United States Army. Metz retired from the Army in Jan 2010 after more than 40 years of active military service. His tour of duty prior to retirement was as the Director, Joint Improvised Explosive Device Defeat Organization., leading the DOD organization tasked with finding and fielding ways to defeat the IED threat. Previously he was the Deputy Commanding General and Chief of Staff, U.S. Army Training and Doctrine Command. Previous to that assignment he was Commanding General of the U.S. III Corps and Fort Hood. He assumed command of III Corps on 7 February 2003. Title: Ridgely Gaither Passage: Ridgely Gaither (February 23, 1903 – October 26, 1992) was a United States Army lieutenant general prominent as commander of the 40th Infantry Division during the Korean War, and commander of the XVIII Airborne Corps, U.S. Army Caribbean Command and Second United States Army.	[ "Army Aviation Corps (India)", "Chief of the Army Staff (India)" ]
What instrument is played by the artist of (I) Get Lost?	violin	[ "Violin" ]	Title: Easy to Get Passage: Easy to Get is a lost 1920 American silent comedy film starring Marguerite Clark and Harrison Ford. It was produced by Famous Players-Lasky and released through Paramount Pictures. Title: Susan Nigro Passage: Susan L. Nigro (born 1951) is an American contrabassoonist. Unlike most players of the instrument, Nigro's career is primarily as a solo recitalist and recording artist rather than an orchestral player. Title: Baby (Justin Bieber song) Passage: Filming for the music video began during the week of January 25, 2010, in Los Angeles. It was filmed at Universal CityWalk by director Ray Kay, who had previously directed videos for Beyoncé Knowles, Lady Gaga, Alexandra Burke, and Cheryl Cole, among others. Ludacris said that the video ``is like a 2010 version of Michael Jackson's`` The Way You Make Me Feel ''.'' Bieber said that the video ``will capture the song's message of trying to woo back a girl. ''In explaining the concept of the video, Bieber said,`` It starts off, I really like this girl, but we did n't (get) along; we could n't be together. Basically I want her back and (I'm) kind of going through the whole thing. I'm chasing her around, trying to get her, and she's kind of playing hard to get, but I'm persistent. I keep going.'' The video premiered exclusively on Vevo on Friday, February 19, 2010. Singer and actress Jasmine Villegas portrays Bieber's love interest in the video. Bieber's friends, Young Money artists Drake and Lil Twist also appeared in the video, along with Tinashe and jerkin 'crew The Rangers. Title: I Get the Fever Passage: "I Get the Fever' is a 1966 single by Bill Anderson. "I Get the Fever" was Bill Anderson's third number one on the country charts. The single spent one week at number one and a total of nineteen weeks on the country charts. Title: Grace Wilbur Trout Passage: Grace Belden Wilbur Trout (March 18, 1864 – October 21, 1955) was an American suffragist who was president of the Chicago Political Equality League. She was instrumental in getting the Illinois legislature to pass a law allowing women to vote in local and national elections. Title: (Last Night) I Didn't Get to Sleep at All Passage: ``(Last Night) I Did n't Get to Sleep at All ''is a song written by Tony Macaulay and performed by The 5th Dimension with instrumental backing from L.A. session musicians from the Wrecking Crew. In the United States, the song reached # 2 on the adult contemporary chart, # 8 on the Billboard Hot 100 chart, and # 28 on the R&B chart in 1972. The song appeared on the band's album Individually and Collectively. It became the group's fifth and final platinum record. In Canada, it spent a week at # 6 on the RPM 100 in July 1972. Title: View from the House Passage: View from the House is the eleventh studio album by American singer-songwriter Kim Carnes. It was released on 25 July 1988 by MCA Records. The album marked a return to her early country music roots. Carnes recorded the album in Nashville, Tennessee, and co-produced the album with Jimmy Bowen. Prior to making the album, Carnes stated, "I can't do another album here (in Los Angeles). I've tried and finally stopped. The only way I get a thrill out of recording is to record live as opposed to running everything through a computer. I want to feel that interplay between musicians. And I feel real strongly that Nashville is the place to make an album with real instruments." Title: Far Cry (Marvin Gaye song) Passage: "Far Cry" is the infamous unfinished recording that was included on singer Marvin Gaye's 1981 final Motown album, "In Our Lifetime". The song, essentially a funk-styled instrumental, featured a vocally conscious Gaye mouthing words while playing multiple instruments, including the drums and keyboards, on the first part of the song. The brief second half features a jazz instrumental with Gaye playing piano and drums and singing in falsetto, while his fellow instrumentalists, bassist Frank Blair and guitarist Gordon Banks, accompany him. The song's release among the eight original recordings on "In Our Lifetime" angered Marvin to the point where he severed ties with Motown, his home for twenty years, leaving the label for Columbia. As he told his biographer David Ritz, "I hadn't completed it...The song was in its most primitive stage. All I had was this jive vocal track, and they put it out as a finished fact. How could they embarrass me like that? I was humiliated. They also added guitar licks and bass lines. How dare they second guess my artistic decisions! Can you imagine saying to an artist, say Picasso, 'Okay, Pablo, you've been fooling with this picture long enough. We'll take your unfinished canvas and add a leg here, an arm there. You might be the artist, but you're behind schedule, so we'll finish up this painting for you. If you don't like the results, Pablo, baby, that's touch!'" Title: (I) Get Lost Passage: "(I) Get Lost" is a pop song written and recorded by the British rock musician Eric Clapton. The title was released as both a single on 23 November 1999 for Reprise Records and is featured as part of the compilation album "", which was released on 12 October 1999. It was written for the movie "The Story of Us". Title: The Valley of the Lost Passage: The Valley of the Lost is the seventh book in the Deltora Quest novel series written by Emily Rodda. The final gem from the Belt of Deltora is in the mysterious Valley of the Lost with its guardian only known as the Guardian. To retrieve the gem, Lief, Barda, and Jasmine must play his game. If they win, they get the gem. If they lose they will stay trapped inside the Valley of the Lost forever. Title: Are You with Me Passage: ``Are You with Me ''is a 2012 song by country singer Easton Corbin. The song first appeared on Corbin's second studio album, All Over the Road (2012). It was later included on Corbin's third studio album, About to Get Real (2015). A remix by Belgian DJ Lost Frequencies was released in 2014, and in 2016 Corbin released the version from About to Get Real as a single of his own. Title: Pierre Brunet (musician) Passage: Pierre Brunet was a French musician who lived in Paris during the middle of the sixteenth century, a teacher of the mandola in that city. He is the author of a "Tablature de Mandore", which was published by Adrien le Roy, Paris, in 1578. Mandore is the ancient name of an instrument similar to the mandola — the tenor instrument of the mandolin family — the mandore or mandola being of earlier origin than the mandolin. His was the first book published for the mandore, but is now lost. Title: Roger Sherman Baldwin Foster Passage: Roger Sherman Baldwin Foster (April 21, 1857 – February 22, 1924) was an American lawyer. He was instrumental in getting the charges against the Homestead Strike participants dropped. Title: Stevie Blacke Passage: Born in London and raised in Ohio, Blacke grew up with the music of Eric Clapton and Pink Floyd, before he attended the Berklee College of Music to study guitar, mandolin and violin. He learned and first recorded cello during a session for a hip hop artist. Title: Get Rad Passage: Get Rad is Inspection 12's sixth full-length album. It was released independently in 2003. In 2004, it was released internationally by Floppy Cow Records and in the US by Suburban Home Records. Takeover Records rereleased it with the original artwork in 2005. Unlike their previous recordings, "Get Rad" deviates quite a bit from the usual punk rock sound, incorporating a lot of unorthodox instruments for the genre, containing elements of folk rock and bluegrass. Title: Don't Get Around Much Anymore Passage: ``Do n't Get Around Much Anymore ''is a jazz standard with music by Duke Ellington and lyrics by Bob Russell. The tune was originally called`` Never No Lament'' and was first recorded by Ellington in 1940 as a big - band instrumental. Russell's lyrics and the new title were added in 1942. Title: I Only Get This Way with You Passage: "I Only Get This Way with You" is a song written by Dave Loggins and Alan Ray, and recorded by American country music artist Rick Trevino. It was released in March 1997 as the third single from the album "Learning as You Go". The song reached number 7 on the "Billboard" Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart. Title: I Thought I Lost You Passage: "I Thought I Lost You" is a pop rock song performed by both American singer-songwriter and actress Miley Cyrus and actor and singer John Travolta. The song was co-written by Cyrus with producer Jeffrey Steele. It was released to Radio Disney as promotion for the 2008 Disney animated film "Bolt", in which Cyrus and Travolta provide the voices of Penny and Bolt. "I Thought I Lost You" was made after filmmakers requested Cyrus to write a song for the film. The lyrics speak of getting lost and getting found. Title: What the Hell Did I Say Passage: ``What the Hell Did I Say ''is a song by country music artist Dierks Bentley. It was released as the fourth single from his eighth studio album, Black. The song is about getting intoxicated and giving a girl false promises. This is the second collaboration by Bentley, Kear and Tompkins, following the highly successful single`` Drunk on a Plane''. However, the song underperformed and became the lowest charting single of Bentley's career. Title: Rafael Puyana Passage: Puyana taught such artists as Christopher Hogwood and Elizabeth de la Porte. He also collected historical instruments such as a 3-manual harpsichord made in 1740 by H.A. Hass.	[ "(I) Get Lost", "Stevie Blacke" ]

Subsets and Splits

No community queries yet

The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.