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What is the lengthier version of the name of the university which awarded Lee an honorary doctorate in 2006?	University of Notre Dame du	[ "University of Notre Dame du Lac", "University of Notre Dame", "ND", "Notre Dame" ]	Title: Holland Smith Passage: Holland Smith was born on April 20, 1882, in Hatchechubbee, Alabama, to John V. Smith and his wife Cornelia Caroline McTyeire. He received a Bachelor of Science degree from Auburn University (then known as Alabama Polytechnic Institute) in 1901. He had already decided on a military career and had become first sergeant of a cavalry company in the Alabama National Guard. However, he obtained his Bachelor of Laws degree from the University of Alabama in 1903 and practiced law in Montgomery, Alabama, for a year. He then sought a commission in the Army, but as none were then open he was appointed a Marine second lieutenant on March 20, 1905. (He was later awarded an honorary Doctor of Laws degree by Alabama Polytechnic Institute.) Title: University of Notre Dame Passage: The University of Notre Dame du Lac (or simply Notre Dame /ˌnoʊtərˈdeɪm/ NOH-tər-DAYM) is a Catholic research university located adjacent to South Bend, Indiana, in the United States. In French, Notre Dame du Lac means "Our Lady of the Lake" and refers to the university's patron saint, the Virgin Mary. The main campus covers 1,250 acres in a suburban setting and it contains a number of recognizable landmarks, such as the Golden Dome, the "Word of Life" mural (commonly known as Touchdown Jesus), and the Basilica. Title: Frédéric Charles Jean Gingins de la Sarraz Passage: From 1817 to 1828 he worked as a translator of the French language in the State Chancellery at Bern. In 1844 he received an honorary doctorate from the University of Bern and in 1854 was awarded an honorary professorship at the Academy of Lausanne. Title: Juha Varto Passage: Juha Varto (born 27 June 1949) is a Finnish philosopher, considered the most important phenomenologist in Finland, known also for his prolific output on a variety of philosophical themes. Since 1999 he has been professor of research in visual art and education at the Aalto University School of Art and Design, Helsinki. Before that he taught research methodology and acted as director of research in various Finnish universities and polytechnics (1992–1999) and before that taught philosophy at the University of Tampere (1973–1993). During the 1990s Varto produced over 100 programmes for Finnish radio and television, mainly dealing with philosophical questions. He has been awarded an honorary doctorate for theatre and drama by the Theatre Academy Helsinki. Autumn 2016, the president of Aalto University, Tuula Teeri, appointed Varto an Aalto Distinguished Professor in recognition of his significant scientific merits. Title: To Kill a Mockingbird Passage: In 2006, Lee was awarded an honorary doctorate from the University of Notre Dame. During the ceremony, the students and audience gave Lee a standing ovation, and the entire graduating class held up copies of To Kill a Mockingbird to honor her.[note 5] Lee was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom on November 5, 2007 by President George W. Bush. In his remarks, Bush stated, "One reason To Kill a Mockingbird succeeded is the wise and kind heart of the author, which comes through on every page ... To Kill a Mockingbird has influenced the character of our country for the better. It's been a gift to the entire world. As a model of good writing and humane sensibility, this book will be read and studied forever." Title: Stanford Graduate School of Education Passage: The Stanford Graduate School of Education (also known as Stanford GSE, or GSE) is one of the seven schools of Stanford University, and is one of the top education schools in the United States. It was founded in 1891 and offers master's and doctoral programs in more than 25 areas of specialization, along with joint degrees with other programs at Stanford University including business, law, and public policy. Title: R. Lee Ermey Passage: Ronald Lee Ermey (born March 24, 1944) is an American actor and voice actor, best known for his role as Gunnery Sergeant Hartman in Full Metal Jacket, which earned him a Golden Globe Award nomination for Best Supporting Actor. He is a former United States Marine Corps staff sergeant and an honorary gunnery sergeant; during his tenure in the U.S. Marine Corps, he served as a drill instructor. Title: T. H. Parry-Williams Passage: Parry-Williams was born at the Schoolhouse (Welsh:"Tŷ'r Ysgol") in Rhyd Ddu, Caernarfonshire, Wales. He was educated at the University College of Wales, Aberystwyth, Jesus College, Oxford, the University of Freiburg and the Sorbonne. As a poet, he was the first to win the double of Chair and Crown at the National Eisteddfod of Wales, which he achieved at Wrexham in 1912 and repeated at Bangor in 1915. He was a conscientious objector in the First World War. He was Professor of Welsh at the University of Wales, Aberystwyth, from 1920 until 1952. He co-founded the university's Centre for Advanced Welsh and Celtic Studies. He was awarded D.Litt. degrees by the Universities of Wales (1934) and Oxford (1937). He was knighted in 1958. He was also given an honorary doctorate by the University of Wales in 1960 and made an Honorary Fellow of Jesus College, Oxford in 1968. Title: Thomas R. Kline School of Law Passage: The Drexel University Thomas R. Kline School of Law (previously the "Earle Mack School of Law") is the law school of Drexel University located in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA. The School of Law opened in the fall of 2006 and was the first new law school in Philadelphia in over thirty years, and is the newest school within Drexel University. It offers Juris Doctor, LLM and Master of Legal Studies degrees and provides the opportunity for all students to take part in a cooperative education program. Title: Arliss Sturgulewski Passage: Arliss Sturgulewski received a BA in Economics and Business from the University of Washington and was awarded an Honorary Doctor of Laws degree from University of Alaska Anchorage in 1993. Title: Vance George Passage: Vance George graduated from Goshen College and Indiana University, and was awarded an honorary doctorate in 1997 by Kent State University. In 1999, Chorus America presented him with a Lifetime Achievement Award. He was inducted as a National Patron of Delta Omicron, an international professional music fraternity on April 3, 2008. Title: Frederick W. Hamilton Passage: Frederick William Hamilton (March 30, 1860 – May 22, 1940) was an American Universalist businessman and the fourth president of Tufts University from 1905 to 1912. Born in Portland, Maine, he received his Bachelor of Arts from Tufts in 1880 and his Master of Arts in English literature and philosophy in 1886, in addition to an honorary Doctor of Divinity in 1889 and, from St. Lawrence University, an honorary Doctor of Laws in 1906. Title: Hal Varian Passage: Varian taught at MIT, Stanford University, the University of Oxford, the University of Michigan, the University of Siena and other universities around the world. He has two honorary doctorates, from the University of Oulu, Finland in 2002, and a Dr. h. c. from the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Germany, awarded in 2006. He is emeritus professor at the University of California, Berkeley, where he was founding dean of the School of Information.Varian joined Google in 2002 as a consultant, and has worked on the design of advertising auctions, econometrics, finance, corporate strategy, and public policy. He is the chief economist at Google. Title: Charles Frederick George Passage: George was awarded the BMA Gold Medal in 2010. He was awarded an honorary DSc by the University of Birmingham in 2003, an honorary DM by the University of Southampton in 2004, and an honorary DSc by the University of Leicester in 2007. Title: John Braithwaite (criminologist) Passage: John Braithwaite (born 30 July 1951, Ipswich) is a Distinguished Professor at the Australian National University (ANU). Braithwaite is the recipient of a number of international awards and prizes for his work, including an honorary doctorate at KU Leuven (2008), the University of Louisville Grawemeyer Award with Peter Drahos for Ideas Improving World Order (2004), and the Prix Emile Durkheim, International Society of Criminology, for lifetime contributions to criminology (2005). Title: Dorothy Jeakins Passage: Born in San Diego, California, she went to public school in Los Angeles from first grade through high school. When she was a senior at Fairfax High School, she was offered a scholarship to study at the Otis Art Institute (now known as Otis College of Art and Design). She was later awarded an Honorary Doctorate from Otis College in 1987. Title: Karen Boback Passage: Boback earned a bachelor's degree in Elementary/Special Education and a master's degree in Education/Certification-Technology from College Misericordia, a master's degree from Elementary School Guidance Counseling Marywood University, a Ph.D. in Organizational Leadership from University of Pennsylvania, and a Supervisory Certificate/School Guidance Counseling from University of Scranton. Prior to elective office she worked as a teacher, guidance counselor and college professor. She was presented with the Excellence in Education Award by College Misericordia in November 2006 and was named Harveys Lake Citizen of the Year in 2006. Title: William S. Hoar Passage: William S. Hoar, (August 31, 1913, Moncton NB – June 13, 2006, Vancouver BC) was an eminent professor and head of department of zoology at the University of British Columbia. He received an Order of Canada award on June 26, 1974. He also had several other degrees and diplomas, some of which were honorary (LLD from SFU in 1998), and others of which were earned the old-fashioned hard-work way (DSc). He was, first and foremost, a grandfather, husband and father. A patient man who was very involved with his family, he was also very well known in the zoology world, and has a series of lectures named after him, that are given every year at UBC. Title: Yu Lizhong Passage: Yu Lizhong received his undergraduate degree in Geography from East China Normal University (ECNU) and his Ph.D. in Geography from the University of Liverpool. He also holds honorary doctorates from École Normale Supérieure and the University of Liverpool. Title: Dag Hammarskjöld Passage: Honorary degrees: Carleton University in Ottawa (then called Carleton College) awarded its first-ever honorary degree to Hammarskjöld in 1954, when it presented him with a Legum Doctor, honoris causa. The University has continued this tradition by conferring an honorary doctorate upon every subsequent Secretary-General of the United Nations. He also held honorary degrees from Oxford University, United Kingdom; in the United States from Harvard, Yale, Princeton, Columbia, the University of Pennsylvania, Amherst, Johns Hopkins, the University of California, and Ohio University; in Sweden, Uppsala University; and in Canada from McGill University as well as Carleton University, in Ottawa.	[ "To Kill a Mockingbird", "University of Notre Dame" ]
What Cuban legend was born in 1925 in the city where Eliseo Grenet died?	Celia Cruz	[]	Title: Salvador Gonzáles Escalona Passage: Salvador Gonzáles Escalona, born October 21, 1948 in Camagüey, Cuba, is a Cuban painter, muralist and sculptor. His artist name is Salvador. Title: Eliseo Martín Passage: Eliseo Martín Omenat (born 5 November 1973 in Monzón) is an Aragonese Spanish long-distance runner who specializes in 3000 metres steeplechase. His biggest success was the bronze medal at the 2003 World Championships in Paris. Title: Dodge City Legend Passage: The Dodge City Legend was a professional basketball franchise located in Dodge City, Kansas in the United States Basketball League, a minor league that played in the spring. The Legend won three USBL titles, in 2000, its first season, 2003 and in 2005. Title: Germán Mesa Passage: Germán Mesa Fresneda (born May 12, 1967 in Havana) is a Cuban retired shortstop who played for the Industriales of the Cuban National Series and for the Cuban national baseball team. Mesa was known as "El Imán" or "The Magnet" for his superior fielding skills. He was also an above average hitter and base runner who led Cuban baseball in hits, triples, and stolen bases during his career. German retired in 2002, and is now a trainer for the national team. Title: Sverre Løberg Passage: Løberg was born in Skien and was deputy mayor of Skien city from 1925 to 1928, and later served as a member in the period 1934–1937. Title: Ricardo Viera Passage: Ricardo Viera (born in December 1945 in Ciego de Avila, Cuba) is a Cuban artist specializing painting, drawing, and engraving. Title: Spanish language in the United States Passage: Immigration to the United States of Spanish-speaking Cubans began because of Cuba's political instability upon achieving independence. The deposition of Fulgencio Batista's dictatorship and the ascension of Fidel Castro's government in 1959 increased Cuban immigration to the United States, hence there are some one million Cubans in the United States, most settled in southern and central Florida, while other Cubans live in the Northeastern United States; most are fluent in Spanish. In the city of Miami today Spanish is the first language mostly due to Cuban immigration. Title: Cuban X-Giants Passage: The Cuban X-Giants were a professional Negro league baseball team that played from 1896 to 1906. Originally most of the players were former Cuban Giants, or ex-Giants. Like the Cuban Giants, the original players were not Cuban (though the team would later sign Cuban players). Edward B. Lamar Jr. served as business manager for the team. Title: Julián Orbón Passage: Julián Orbón de Soto (August 7, 1925, Avilés, Spain – May 21, 1991, Miami, Florida) was a Cuban composer who lived and composed in Spain, Cuba, Mexico, and the United States of America. Aaron Copland referred to Orbón as "Cuba's most gifted composer of the new generation." Title: Celia Cruz Passage: Úrsula Hilaria Celia de la Caridad Cruz Alfonso (October 21, 1925 -- July 16, 2003), better known as Celia Cruz, was a Cuban singer of Latin music. She was known for her powerful voice and her rhythm - centric musical style. She was the most popular Latin artist of the 20th century, gaining twenty - three gold albums during her career. US President Bill Clinton awarded her the National Medal of Arts in 1994. She was renowned internationally as the ``Queen of Salsa '',`` La Guarachera de Cuba'', as well as The Queen of Latin Music. Title: Omar Ajete Passage: Omar Ajete Iglesias (born July 31, 1965 in San Juan, Pinar del Río, Cuba) is a former baseball player, who starred for the Cuban National Series' Pinar del Río Vegueros and the Cuban national team. Title: Eriel Sánchez Passage: Eriel Sánchez León (born April 12, 1975) in (Fomento, Sancti Spiritus). Is a Cuban baseball catcher for Sancti Spíritus of the Cuban National Series. Title: Guantanamera (film) Passage: Guantanamera is a 1995 comedy film from Cuba, directed by Tomás Gutiérrez Alea and Juan Carlos Tabío, featuring an ensemble cast. Screenplay by Eliseo Alberto and others. The film was produced by Camilo Vives. Title: The Venus of Montmartre Passage: The Venus of Montmartre (German:Die Venus vom Montmartre or Die Venus von Montmartre) is a 1925 German silent drama film directed by Frederic Zelnik and starring Lya Mara, Hans Albers, Jack Trevor and Olga Tschechowa. Title: Johannes Bisse Passage: Johannes Bisse (1935–1984) was a Cuban botanist, born in Germany in 1935 and arrived in Cuba in 1966. He received his doctorate from the Friedrich Schiller University of Jena. He was the founder and first director of the Cuban National Botanic Garden in Havana. Title: Daniel Sarabia Passage: Daniel Sarabia (born 9 December 1984, Havana, Cuba) is a Cuban ballet dancer with the Maurice Béjart Ballet of Lausanne, Switzerland. Title: Miami Passage: Cuban immigrants in the 1960s brought the Cuban sandwich, medianoche, Cuban espresso, and croquetas, all of which have grown in popularity to all Miamians, and have become symbols of the city's varied cuisine. Today, these are part of the local culture, and can be found throughout the city in window cafés, particularly outside of supermarkets and restaurants. Restaurants such as Versailles restaurant in Little Havana is a landmark eatery of Miami. Located on the Atlantic Ocean, and with a long history as a seaport, Miami is also known for its seafood, with many seafood restaurants located along the Miami River, and in and around Biscayne Bay. Miami is also the home of restaurant chains such as Burger King, Tony Roma's and Benihana. Title: Ernesto Padilla Passage: Ernesto Padilla (born 1972 in Havana, Cuba) is a Cuban-American artist, graphic designer and cigar maker. He is the son of Cuban poet, Heberto Padilla. Title: Eliseo Grenet Passage: Eliseo Grenet Sánchez (12 June 1893 in Havana – 4 December 1950) was a Cuban pianist and a leading composer/arranger of the day. He composed music for stage shows and films, and some famous Cuban dance music. Eliseo was one of three musical brothers, all composers, the others being Emilio ("'Neno'," 1901–1941) and Ernesto (1908–1981). Emilio went on composing even after having a leg bitten off by a shark in 1930; Ernesto was a drummer who became leader of the Tropicana's orchestra. Title: Leandro Civil Passage: Leandro Civil (born 31 March 1948) is a Cuban former middle distance runner who competed in the 1976 Summer Olympics.	[ "Celia Cruz", "Eliseo Grenet" ]
Who operates the Chinese Consulate-General in the city where the performer of Mighty Joe Moon was formed?	PRC	[ "China", "People's Republic of China", "CN", "cn" ]	Title: Galilean moons Passage: Some models predict that there may have been several generations of Galilean satellites in Jupiter's early history. Each generation of moons to have formed would have spiraled into Jupiter and been destroyed, due to tidal interactions with Jupiter's proto - satellite disk, with new moons forming from the remaining debris. By the time the present generation formed, the gas in the proto - satellite disk had thinned out to the point that it no longer greatly interfered with the moons' orbits. Other models suggest that Galilean satellites formed in a proto - satellite disk, in which formation timescales were comparable to or shorter than orbital migration timescales. Io is anhydrous and likely has an interior of rock and metal. Europa is thought to contain 8% ice and water by mass with the remainder rock. These moons are, in increasing order of distance from Jupiter: Title: Mike Greenstein Passage: Mike Greenstein was born in Wichita Falls, Texas on December 6, 1920 at a time when his father, legendary strongman Joe Greenstein ("The Mighty Atom"), was working in the oil fields in Texas. The family later moved to Brownsville, Brooklyn where the senior Greenstein began his shows as a miniature Samson in vaudeville and Yiddish theaters. Title: Former British Consulate in Zhenjiang Passage: The former British Consulate, is located at 53 Po Xijindu Ancient Street facing Daxi Road and Boxian Road, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, China. In 1864, Britain constructed the consulate on Yuntai Mountain, which belonged to the British Concession in Zhenjiang at that time. In 1888, the British Consulate was burned down in local riots. From 1889 to 1890, it was rebuilt, occupying an area of 17 acres. Since the British Concession in Zhenjiang was officially returned to the Chinese government in 1929, Britain revoked the soldiers at the consulate in Zhenjiang, and turned it to the government. In 1958, the Zhenjiang Museum was established in the building. Title: Federal Bureau of Investigation Passage: Despite its domestic focus, the FBI also maintains a significant international footprint, operating 60 Legal Attache (LEGAT) offices and 15 sub-offices in U.S. embassies and consulates across the globe. These overseas offices exist primarily for the purpose of coordination with foreign security services and do not usually conduct unilateral operations in the host countries. The FBI can and does at times carry out secret activities overseas, just as the CIA has a limited domestic function; these activities generally require coordination across government agencies. Title: Ryder (crater) Passage: Ryder is a crater on the far side of the Moon. It is located in a patch of higher albedo surface material to the east of the larger Roche–Pauli crater pair. The name for this crater was officially approved at the IAU general assembly in 2006. Title: Consulate General of the United States, Shanghai Passage: The Consulate General of the United States in Shanghai is one of the six American diplomatic and consular posts in the People's Republic of China. Title: Sarabhai (crater) Passage: Sarabhai is a small, circular, bowl-shaped crater on the Mare Serenitatis, in the northeast quadrant of the Moon. The formation is relatively isolated, being located to the northeast of the crater Bessel. It lies along a wrinkle ridge designated the Dorsum Azara. Title: La Condamine (crater) Passage: La Condamine is a small lunar impact crater that is located on the southern edge of the Mare Frigoris, in the northern part of the Moon. It lies to the northeast of the mountain-rimmed Sinus Iridum formation in the northwest part of the Mare Imbrium. Title: Goodacre (crater) Passage: Goodacre is a lunar impact crater. It is located in the rugged southern highlands on the Moon's near side, and is attached to the north-northeastern part of the exterior of Gemma Frisius, a heavily worn and much larger formation. About two crater diameters to the north of Goodacre lies Pontanus. Title: Moon Germs Passage: Moon Germs is a jazz album by Joe Farrell, recorded at the Van Gelder Studio on November 21, 1972 and released on CTI Records. Title: Hans Hermann Eschke Passage: Hans Hermann Eschke (10 November 1856 in Berlin – 19 July 1904 in Singapore) was the first German Consul General in Singapore. Title: Grant Lee Buffalo Passage: Grant Lee Buffalo was a rock band based in Los Angeles, California, consisting of Grant-Lee Phillips (vocals and guitar), Paul Kimble (bass) and Joey Peters (drums). All three were previously members of another Los Angeles band, Shiva Burlesque. Title: Chinese characters Passage: The following is a comparison of Chinese characters in the Standard Form of National Characters, a common traditional Chinese standard used in Taiwan, the Table of General Standard Chinese Characters, the standard for Mainland Chinese simplified Chinese characters, and the jōyō kanji, the standard for Japanese kanji. Generally, the jōyō kanji are more similar to traditional Chinese characters than simplified Chinese characters are to traditional Chinese characters. "Simplified" refers to having significant differences from the Taiwan standard, not necessarily being a newly created character or a newly performed substitution. The characters in the Hong Kong standard and the Kangxi Dictionary are also known as "Traditional," but are not shown. Title: Chinese Consulate-General, Los Angeles Passage: The Consulate-General of the People's Republic of China in Los Angeles is the People's Republic of China's (PRC) diplomatic mission headquartered at 443 Shatto Place in the Koreatown neighborhood of Los Angeles, California, United States. The passport and visa office is on the third floor of 500 Shatto Place, Los Angeles, California. The consulate's service area is Southern California (as defined by the PRC; Northern California is served by The Consulate General of The People's Republic of China in San Francisco), Arizona, Hawaii, New Mexico, and the U.S. Pacific territories. Title: Barkla (crater) Passage: Barkla is a lunar impact crater that lies near the eastern limb of the Moon. It is located to the east of the prominent crater Langrenus, and was formerly designated Langrenus A before being renamed by the IAU in 1979. Due east of Barkla is Kapteyn, a formation only slightly larger with a similar size. Southwest of Barkla is the crater Lamé. Title: Kelowna General Hospital Passage: Kelowna General Hospital (KGH) is a large medical facility located in Kelowna, British Columbia operated by Interior Health and offers medical care in the Central Okanagan. In British Columbia, Kelowna General is the only hospital outside the Lower Mainland or Vancouver Island that performs angioplasty or cardiac surgery. It is one of the largest hospitals in Western Canada with more than 700 beds. Title: Pakistan–Turkey relations Passage: Pakistan has an embassy in Ankara, a Consulate-General in Istanbul and an honorary consulate in Izmir whereas, Turkey has an embassy in Islamabad, a Consulate-General in Karachi and honorary consulates in Lahore, Peshawar, Sialkot and Faisalabad. As of 2016, in a joint communique, Pakistan and Turkey plan to strengthen their close ties into a "strategic partnership". Title: Mighty Joe Moon Passage: Mighty Joe Moon is the second studio album by American alternative rock band Grant Lee Buffalo. It was released in 1994 on Slash Records. Title: Brunner (crater) Passage: Brunner is a lunar impact crater that is located along the eastern limb of the Moon, to the southeast of the Mare Smythii. At this location the crater is viewed from the edge, and so it is not possible to see much detail from the Earth. The visibility of this formation is also affected by libration. The crater lies to the southwest of the walled plain Hirayama, and to the east of the elongated crater Houtermans. Title: Chang'e 5-T1 Passage: Chang'e 5-T1 () is an experimental robotic spacecraft that was launched to the Moon on 23 October 2014 by the China National Space Administration (CNSA) to conduct atmospheric re-entry tests on the capsule design planned to be used in the Chang'e 5 mission. As part of the Chinese Lunar Exploration Program, Chang'e 5, scheduled to launch in December 2019, will be a Moon sample return mission. Like its predecessors, the spacecraft is named after the Chinese Moon goddess Chang'e. The craft consisted of a return vehicle capsule and a service module orbiter.	[ "Mighty Joe Moon", "Grant Lee Buffalo", "Chinese Consulate-General, Los Angeles" ]
When did the country which, along with Arabia and the country they migrated from, has songs sounding similar to those of Somalia?	1 January 1956	[]	Title: Bir Hima Rock Petroglyphs and Inscriptions Passage: Bir Hima (Arabic: بئر حما) is a rock art site in Najran province, in southwest Saudi Arabia, about north of the city of Najran. An ancient Palaeolithic and Neolithic site, the Bir Hima Complex covers the time period of 2500–1000 BC. Bir Hima contains numerous troughs whose type is similar from North Arabia to Yemen. Title: Bird migration Passage: The same considerations about barriers and detours that apply to long-distance land-bird migration apply to water birds, but in reverse: a large area of land without bodies of water that offer feeding sites may also be a barrier to a bird that feeds in coastal waters. Detours avoiding such barriers are observed: for example, brent geese Branta bernicla migrating from the Taymyr Peninsula to the Wadden Sea travel via the White Sea coast and the Baltic Sea rather than directly across the Arctic Ocean and northern Scandinavia. Title: British Empire Passage: In 1951, the Conservative Party returned to power in Britain, under the leadership of Winston Churchill. Churchill and the Conservatives believed that Britain's position as a world power relied on the continued existence of the empire, with the base at the Suez Canal allowing Britain to maintain its pre-eminent position in the Middle East in spite of the loss of India. However, Churchill could not ignore Gamal Abdul Nasser's new revolutionary government of Egypt that had taken power in 1952, and the following year it was agreed that British troops would withdraw from the Suez Canal zone and that Sudan would be granted self-determination by 1955, with independence to follow. Sudan was granted independence on 1 January 1956. Title: Byzantine (band) Passage: Byzantine is a heavy metal band from Charleston, West Virginia, that was formed in 2000. As of March 2016, the band consists of front-man and co-founder Chris "OJ" Ojeda (rhythm guitar and vocals), Brian Henderson (guitar), Matt Bowles (drums) and Sean Sydnor (bass guitar). The band has released three studio albums on Prosthetic Records along with two independent albums. Byzantine is known for its unique sound and modern, "forward thinking" musical style which explores different musical territories and song structures. Title: Black people Passage: About 150,000 East African and black people live in Israel, amounting to just over 2% of the nation's population. The vast majority of these, some 120,000, are Beta Israel, most of whom are recent immigrants who came during the 1980s and 1990s from Ethiopia. In addition, Israel is home to over 5,000 members of the African Hebrew Israelites of Jerusalem movement that are descendants of African Americans who emigrated to Israel in the 20th century, and who reside mainly in a distinct neighborhood in the Negev town of Dimona. Unknown numbers of black converts to Judaism reside in Israel, most of them converts from the United Kingdom, Canada, and the United States. Title: Saudi Arabia Passage: The area of modern - day Saudi Arabia formerly consisted of four distinct regions: Hejaz, Najd and parts of Eastern Arabia (Al - Ahsa) and Southern Arabia ('Asir). The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia was founded in 1932 by Ibn Saud. He united the four regions into a single state through a series of conquests beginning in 1902 with the capture of Riyadh, the ancestral home of his family, the House of Saud. Saudi Arabia has since been an absolute monarchy, effectively a hereditary dictatorship governed along Islamic lines. The ultraconservative Wahhabi religious movement within Sunni Islam has been called ``the predominant feature of Saudi culture '', with its global spread largely financed by the oil and gas trade. Saudi Arabia is sometimes called`` the Land of the Two Holy Mosques'' in reference to Al - Masjid al - Haram (in Mecca) and Al - Masjid an - Nabawi (in Medina), the two holiest places in Islam. As of 2013, the state had a total population of 28.7 million, of which 20 million were Saudi nationals and 8 million were foreigners. As of 2017, the population is 33 million. The state's official language is Arabic. Title: Somalis Passage: The peaceful introduction of Islam in the early medieval era of Somalia's history brought Islamic architectural influences from Arabia and Persia. This had the effect of stimulating a shift in construction from drystone and other related materials to coral stone, sundried bricks, and the widespread use of limestone in Somali architecture. Many of the new architectural designs, such as mosques, were built on the ruins of older structures. This practice would continue over and over again throughout the following centuries. Title: United States Passage: Paleo - Indians migrated from Asia to the North American mainland at least 15,000 years ago. European colonization began in the 16th century. The United States emerged from 13 British colonies along the East Coast. Numerous disputes between Great Britain and the colonies following the Seven Years' War led to the American Revolution, which began in 1775, and the subsequent Declaration of Independence in 1776. The war ended in 1783 with the United States becoming the first country to attain independence from a European power. The current constitution was adopted in 1788. The first ten amendments, collectively named the Bill of Rights, were ratified in 1791 and designed to guarantee many fundamental civil liberties. Title: Somalis Passage: Somalis have a rich musical heritage centered on traditional Somali folklore. Most Somali songs are pentatonic. That is, they only use five pitches per octave in contrast to a heptatonic (seven note) scale, such as the major scale. At first listen, Somali music might be mistaken for the sounds of nearby regions such as Ethiopia, Sudan or Arabia, but it is ultimately recognizable by its own unique tunes and styles. Somali songs are usually the product of collaboration between lyricists (midho), songwriters (lahan) and singers ('odka or "voice"). Title: Bird migration Passage: Hunting along migration routes threatens some bird species. The populations of Siberian cranes (Leucogeranus leucogeranus) that wintered in India declined due to hunting along the route, particularly in Afghanistan and Central Asia. Birds were last seen in their favourite wintering grounds in Keoladeo National Park in 2002. Structures such as power lines, wind farms and offshore oil-rigs have also been known to affect migratory birds. Other migration hazards include pollution, storms, wildfires, and habitat destruction along migration routes, denying migrants food at stopover points. For example, in the East Asian–Australasian Flyway, up to 65% of key intertidal habitat at the Yellow Sea migration bottleneck has been destroyed since the 1950s. Title: Saudi Arabia Passage: Arab dynasties originating from modern-day Saudi Arabia founded the Rashidun (632–661), Umayyad (661–750), Abbasid (750–1517) and Fatimid (909–1171) caliphates as well as numerous other dynasties in Asia, Africa and Europe.The area of modern-day Saudi Arabia formerly consisted of mainly four distinct regions: Hejaz, Najd and parts of Eastern Arabia (Al-Ahsa) and Southern Arabia ('Asir). The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia was founded in 1932 by Ibn Saud. He united the four regions into a single state through a series of conquests beginning in 1902 with the capture of Riyadh, the ancestral home of his family, the House of Saud. Saudi Arabia has since been a totalitarian absolute monarchy, effectively a hereditary dictatorship governed along Islamist lines. The ultraconservative Wahhabi religious movement within Sunni Islam has been called "the predominant feature of Saudi culture", with its global spread largely financed by the oil and gas trade. Saudi Arabia is sometimes called "the Land of the Two Holy Mosques" in reference to Al-Masjid al-Haram (in Mecca) and Al-Masjid an-Nabawi (in Medina), the two holiest places in Islam. The state's official language is Arabic. Title: Sudanese Arabic Passage: Sudanese Arabic is the variety of Arabic spoken throughout Sudan. Some of the tribes in Sudan still have similar accents to the ones in Saudi Arabia. Title: Dressin' Up Passage: "Dressin' Up" is a song by American singer Katy Perry from "" (2012). It was written by Perry, Christopher "Tricky" Stewart, Monte Neuble, and Matt Thiessen, and produced by Stewart and Kuk Harrell. Musically, "Dressin' Up" incorporates the styles of electro and dance-rock, along with a prominent electronic dance production. Lyrically, the song speaks of dressing up in different outfits for a lover, and contains multiple innuendos. "Dressin' Up" garnered mixed reviews from critics, some of whom complimented its "fun" sound, while others denounced it as being too similar to Perry's other works. Upon the release of "Teenage Dream: The Complete Confection", the song charted on the UK Singles Chart at number 109. Title: MP3 Passage: An in-depth study of MP3 audio quality, sound artist and composer Ryan Maguire's project "The Ghost in the MP3" isolates the sounds lost during MP3 compression. In 2015, he released the track "moDernisT" (an anagram of "Tom's Diner"), composed exclusively from the sounds deleted during MP3 compression of the song "Tom's Diner", the track originally used in the formulation of the MP3 standard. A detailed account of the techniques used to isolate the sounds deleted during MP3 compression, along with the conceptual motivation for the project, was published in the 2014 Proceedings of the International Computer Music Conference. Title: Capital punishment by country Passage: Africa (6 countries): Botswana (1), Egypt (44 +), Nigeria (3), Somalia (14 (Puntland 1, Somaliland 6, Federal Government of Somalia 7)), South Sudan (unknown number), Sudan (3) Americas (1 country): USA (20) Asia - Pacific (15 countries): Afghanistan (6), Bangladesh (10), China (unknown number), Indonesia (4), Iran (567 +), Iraq (88 +), Japan (3), Malaysia (9), North Korea (unknown number), Pakistan (87 +), State of Palestine (3 (Hamas authorities, Gaza)), Saudi Arabia (154 +), Singapore (4), Taiwan (1), Vietnam (unknown number) Europe (1 country): Belarus (4 +) Title: Exodusters Passage: Exodusters was a name given to African Americans who migrated from states along the Mississippi River to Kansas in the late nineteenth century, as part of the Exoduster Movement or Exodus of 1872. It was the first general migration of black people following the Civil War. The movement received substantial organizational support from prominent figures, Benjamin Singleton of Tennessee and Henry Adams of Louisiana. As many as forty thousand Exodusters left the South to settle in Kansas, Oklahoma and Colorado. Title: Wail al-Shehri Passage: Shehri was an elementary school teacher from Khamis Mushait in the Asir region of Saudi Arabia. In early 2000, he traveled to Medina to seek treatment for mental problems. He and his younger brother Waleed traveled to Afghanistan in March 2000 and joined an Al-Qaeda training camp. The brothers were chosen, along with others from the same region of Saudi Arabia, to participate in the September 11 attacks. Once selected, Shehri returned to Saudi Arabia in October 2000 to obtain a clean passport, then returned to Afghanistan. In March 2001, he recorded his last will and testament on video. Title: How He Loves Passage: ``How He Loves ''is a song by independent artist John Mark McMillan for his second studio album, The Song Inside the Sounds of Breaking Down. The song was successful despite the album's independent release, and has been covered by several well - known artists within the Christian music industry (David Crowder Band, Kim Walker, Todd Agnew, New Breed, Flyleaf, The Glorious Unseen) and Anthony Evans from the popular singing TV Show: The Voice. It has also been covered in Spanish by Christine D'Clario and Seth Condrey. Title: Communications in Somalia Passage: In November 2013, Somalia received its first fiber optic connection. The country previously had to rely on expensive satellite links due to the civil conflict, which limited internet usage. However, residents now have access to broadband internet cable for the first time after an agreement reached between Hormuud Telecom and Liquid Telecom. The deal will see Liquid Telecom link Hormuud to its 17,000 km (10,500 mile) network of terrestrial cables, which will deliver faster internet capacity. The fiber optic connection will also make online access more affordable to the average user. This in turn is expected to further increase the number of internet users. Dalkom Somalia reached a similar agreement with the West Indian Ocean Cable Company (WIOCC) Ltd, which it holds shares in. Effective the first quarter of 2014, the deal will establish fiber optic connectivity to and from Somalia via the EASSy cable. The new services are expected to reduce the cost of international bandwidth and to better optimize performance, thereby further broadening internet access. Dalkom Somalia is concurrently constructing a 1,000 square mile state-of-the-art data center in Mogadishu. The site will facilitate direct connection into the international fiber optic network by hosting equipment for all of the capital's ISPs and telecommunication companies. Title: The '59 Sound (song) Passage: "The '59 Sound" is a 2008 song by American rock band The Gaslight Anthem. Written by the band and produced by Ted Hutt, it is the title track of the band's second full-length album. Released as the album's lead single, the song reached the U.S. Hot Modern Rock Tracks chart in early 2009. The song, which received mostly favorable reviews from critics, was performed live by the band with Bruce Springsteen at the Glastonbury and Hard Rock Calling festivals in June 2009.	[ "Somalis", "British Empire", "Black people" ]
Where is the university related to Ian Ballantine located?	Westminster, central London, near the boundary between Covent Garden and Holborn	[ "London" ]	Title: Ian Ballantine Passage: Born in New York City, the son of Stella Commins Ballantine (half-niece of anarchist Emma Goldman) and the Scottish actor and sculptor Edward James Ballantine, Ian Ballantine received his undergraduate degree from Columbia College and his graduate degree from the London School of Economics. His Master's thesis featured the possibilities of paperback printing. Title: Venkateshwara Institute of Technology Passage: Venkateshwara Institute of Technology (VIT) is an engineering college located on NH-58 Meerut-Delhi Bypass, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India. The college is affiliated to Uttar Pradesh Technical University, Lucknow. Title: Restoree Passage: Betty Ballantine edited "Restoree" which initiated a long relationship between McCaffrey and Ballantine Books, or later its science fiction imprint Del Rey. Title: The Population Bomb Passage: "The Population Bomb" was written at the suggestion of David Brower the executive director of the environmentalist Sierra Club, and Ian Ballantine of Ballantine Books following various public appearances Ehrlich had made regarding population issues and their relation to the environment. Although the Ehrlichs collaborated on the book, the publisher insisted that a single author be credited, and also asked to change their preferred title: "Population, Resources, and Environment." The title "Population Bomb" was taken (with permission) from General William H. Draper, founder of the Population Crisis Committee and a pamphlet issued in 1954 by the Hugh Moore Fund. The Ehrlichs regret the choice of title, which they admit was a perfect choice from a marketing perspective, but think that "it led Paul to be miscategorized as solely focused on human numbers, despite our interest in all the factors affecting the human trajectory." Title: Charleston, South Carolina Passage: Public institutions of higher education in Charleston include the College of Charleston (the nation's 13th-oldest university), The Citadel, The Military College of South Carolina, and the Medical University of South Carolina. The city is also home to private universities, including the Charleston School of Law . Charleston is also home to the Roper Hospital School of Practical Nursing, and the city has a downtown satellite campus for the region's technical school, Trident Technical College. Charleston is also the location for the only college in the country that offers bachelor's degrees in the building arts, The American College of the Building Arts. The Art Institute of Charleston, located downtown on North Market Street, opened in 2007. Title: Presidency University, Kolkata Passage: Presidency University, Kolkata, formerly Hindu College and Presidency College, is a public state university located in Kolkata, West Bengal. The college was established in 1817 with the money donated by Rani Rashmoni, Raja Ram Mohan Roy, Raja Radhakanta Deb, David Hare, Sir Edward Hyde East, Baidyanath Mukhopadhya and Rasamay Dutt. Title: Kathmandu Passage: Institute of Medicine, the central college of Tribhuwan University is the first medical college of Nepal and is located in Maharajgunj, Kathmandu. It was established in 1972 and started to impart medical education from 1978. A number of medical colleges including Kathmandu Medical College, Nepal Medical College, KIST Medical College, Nepal Army Institute of Health Sciences, National Academy of Medical Sciences (NAMS) and Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences (KUSMS), are also located in or around Kathmandu. Title: Aneek Chatterjee Passage: Aneek Chatterjee graduated from Presidency College. He completed his MA from the same college and did M.Phil. at Calcutta University. He did Ph.D. at Jadavpur University on the topic "India-U.S. Relations at the End of the Twentieth Century". Title: Kuala Lumpur Metropolitan University College Passage: Kuala Lumpur Metropolitan University College (KLMUC) is a university college located in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. It was established in 1991. The College currently offers over 17 programmes in 3 distinctive faculties. Title: Cossatot Community College Passage: Cossatot Community College of the University of Arkansas (CCCUA) is a public community college serving southwest Arkansas. Its main campus is located in the foothills of the Ouachita Mountains in De Queen, Arkansas. Title: College of the Siskiyous Passage: College of the Siskiyous (COS) is a public two-year community college with campuses located in Weed and Yreka in Siskiyou County in Northern California. It is part of the California Community Colleges System, serving as the northernmost college in the state of California and the only college in Siskiyou County. The college is in the service area of California State University, Chico and one of only eleven community colleges in California that provide on-campus housing for students. Title: Of All Possible Worlds Passage: Of All Possible Worlds is a collection of science fiction stories by American writer William Tenn. It was published in hardcover by Ballantine Books in 1955, with a cover by Richard Powers. Ballantine issued paperback editions in 1955, 1960, and 1968; a British hardcover appeared in 1956 with a paperback following in 1963. It was Tenn's first collection. Title: Pervaiz Iqbal Cheema Passage: Cheema was born at Sialkot and was initially educated at Sialkot, later on he moved to Government College, Lahore where he completed his Master's in History. He also did Master's in Political Science from Punjab University, Certificate in Peace Research and International Relations from Oslo University (Norway), Diploma in International Relations from Vienna University (Austria), M. Litt. in Strategic Studies from Aberdeen University (U.K.) and Ph.D. from Quaid-i-Azam University (Pakistan). Title: College of Horticulture Passage: The College of Horticulture, is a constituent college of Kerala Agricultural University, situated in Thrissur of Kerala state in India. The College of Horticulture imparts agricultural education at undergraduate, graduate and doctoral levels. The college has 20 departments and 7 centres undertaking the multiple activities of teaching, research and extension. The college is located in the picturesque central campus of Kerala Agricultural University in Vellanikkara, Thrissur. The college received the Sardar Patel Outstanding Institution Award in the year 2003 awarded by the Indian Council of Agricultural Research. Dr. George Thomas , Professor is the current Associate Dean of the College Title: North Carolina Passage: North Carolina is also home to many well-known private colleges and universities, including Duke University, Wake Forest University, Pfeiffer University, Lees-McRae College, Davidson College, Barton College, North Carolina Wesleyan College, Elon University, Guilford College, Livingstone College, Salem College, Shaw University (the first historically black college or university in the South), Laurel University, Meredith College, Methodist University, Belmont Abbey College (the only Catholic college in the Carolinas), Campbell University, University of Mount Olive, Montreat College, High Point University, Lenoir-Rhyne University (the only Lutheran university in North Carolina) and Wingate University. Title: The Human Angle Passage: The Human Angle is the second collection of science fiction stories by American writer William Tenn, published simultaneously in hardback and paperback by Ballantine Books in 1956. Ballantine reprinted the collection in 1964 and 1968. Title: Centre Daily Times Passage: The Centre Daily Times is a daily newspaper located in State College, Pennsylvania in the United States. It is the hometown newspaper for State College and the Pennsylvania State University, one of the best-known and largest universities in the country, with more than 45,000 students attending the main campus. Title: Florida International University School of Architecture Passage: The FIU School of Architecture is the architecture school at Florida International University, located in Miami, Florida in the United States. It is one of the university's 26 schools and colleges and is a school within the College of Architecture and the Arts. The school was founded in the 1980s. Title: London School of Economics Passage: LSE is located in Westminster, central London, near the boundary between Covent Garden and Holborn. The area is historically known as Clare Market. The LSE has more than 10,000 students and 3,300 staff, just under half of whom come from outside the UK. It had a consolidated income of £340.7 million in 2015 / 16, of which £30.3 million was from research grants. One hundred and fifty five nationalities are represented amongst LSE's student body and the school has the highest percentage of international students (70%) of all British universities. Despite its name, the school is organised into 25 academic departments and institutes which conduct teaching and research across a range of legal studies and social sciences. Title: Sardar Patel College of Engineering Passage: Sardar Patel College of Engineering (SPCE) is an government-aided autonomous engineering college located in Mumbai, India. It is affiliated to the University of Mumbai and offers undergraduate (Bachelor) and graduate (Master) degrees in engineering. It is one of the few Mumbai University affiliated colleges that have received Grade ’A’ rating from the Government of Maharashtra. The college is supported by government funds, and was granted autonomous status by the UGC in June 2010.	[ "Ian Ballantine", "London School of Economics" ]
When was the city where Harold Wethey died founded?	1824	[]	Title: Battle of Hastings Passage: The Battle of Hastings was fought on 14 October 1066 between the Norman-French army of William, the Duke of Normandy, and an English army under the Anglo-Saxon King Harold Godwinson, beginning the Norman conquest of England. It took place approximately northwest of Hastings, close to the present-day town of Battle, East Sussex, and was a decisive Norman victory. Title: Gorefest Passage: Gorefest was a Dutch band from the Zeeland region of the Netherlands which was founded in 1989 as a death metal outfit by De Koeyer, Harthoorn, van Schaik and Hoogendoorn. Title: Aubrey Woods Passage: Aubrey Woods Woods as Bill the Candy Man in Willy Wonka & the Chocolate Factory Aubrey Harold Woods (1928 - 04 - 09) 9 April 1928 Edmonton, Middlesex, England 7 May 2013 (2013 - 05 - 07) (aged 85) Barrow - in - Furness, Cumbria, England Occupation Actor, singer Years active 1946 -- 1995 Spouse (s) Gaynor Woods (m. 1952; his death 2013) Title: Medium Cool Passage: Medium Cool is a 1969 American drama film written and directed by Haskell Wexler and starring Robert Forster, Verna Bloom, Peter Bonerz, Marianna Hill and Harold Blankenship. It takes place in Chicago in the summer of 1968. It was notable for Wexler's use of cinéma vérité-style documentary filmmaking techniques, as well as for combining fictional and non-fictional content. Title: Ann Arbor, Michigan Passage: Ann Arbor was founded in 1824, named for wives of the village's founders and the stands of Bur Oak trees. The University of Michigan moved from Detroit to Ann Arbor in 1837, and the city grew at a rapid rate in the early to mid-20th century. During the 1960s and 1970s, the city gained a reputation as a center for left-wing politics. Ann Arbor became a focal point for political activism and served as a hub for the civil-rights movement and anti-Vietnam War movement, as well as various student movements. Title: La morte risale a ieri sera Passage: "La morte risale a ieri sera" was released in Italy on September 5, 1970. The film has also been distributed internationally under the titles "Death Occurred Last Night", "Death Took Place Last Night" and "Horror Came out of the Fog". Title: Harold Wethey Passage: Harold Edwin Wethey (Port Byron, New York 1902 – Ann Arbor, Michigan, September 22, 1984) was a prominent art historian. Wethey received a bachelor's degree from Cornell University and his doctorate from Harvard. He taught at Bryn Mawr College and Washington University in St. Louis, Missouri before joining the faculty of the University of Michigan in 1940, where he taught until his retirement in 1972. At the University of Michigan Wethey became chairman of the department of fine arts. He was survived by his wife, Alice, and a son, David. In 2006 a digital document was published, covering the life and work of Wethey as an entry from "Contemporary Authors", a reference volume issued by Thomson Gale. Title: Harold Ray Brown Passage: Harold Ray Brown (born March 17, 1946) is a founding member of War, an American funk band in the 1970s and 2000s. Harold had a number of roles over the years, acting as drummer, percussion, vocalist, and bandleader. Title: Aerosport Inc Passage: Aerosport Inc was a company founded by Harold Woods in Holly Springs, North Carolina in 1971 to market aircraft and plans for homebuilding. Title: Harold and Maude Passage: Harold and Maude is a 1971 American romantic dark comedy drama directed by Hal Ashby and released by Paramount Pictures. It incorporates elements of dark humor and existentialist drama. The plot revolves around the exploits of a young man named Harold Chasen (Bud Cort) who is intrigued with death. Harold drifts away from the life that his detached mother (Vivian Pickles) prescribes for him, and slowly develops a strong friendship, and eventually a romantic relationship, with a 79-year-old woman named Maude (Ruth Gordon) who teaches Harold about living life to its fullest and that life is the most precious gift of all. Title: Battle of Hastings Passage: The exact numbers present at the battle are unknown; modern estimates are around 10,000 for William and about 7,000 for Harold. The composition of the forces is clearer; the English army was composed almost entirely of infantry and had few archers, whereas only about half of the invading force was infantry, the rest split equally between cavalry and archers. Harold appears to have tried to surprise William, but scouts found his army and reported its arrival to William, who marched from Hastings to the battlefield to confront Harold. The battle lasted from about 9 am to dusk. Early efforts of the invaders to break the English battle lines had little effect; therefore, the Normans adopted the tactic of pretending to flee in panic and then turning on their pursuers. Harold's death, probably near the end of the battle, led to the retreat and defeat of most of his army. After further marching and some skirmishes, William was crowned as king on Christmas Day 1066. Title: A Streetcar Named Desire Passage: A Streetcar Named Desire First edition (New Directions) Written by Tennessee Williams Characters Blanche DuBois Stella Kowalski Stanley Kowalski Harold ``Mitch ''Mitchell Date premiered December 3, 1947 Place premiered Ethel Barrymore Theatre New York City, New York Original language English Genre Southern Gothic Setting The French Quarter and Downtown New Orleans Title: The Music Man Passage: That night, the school board tries to collect Harold's credentials again, but he gets them to sing again and slips away (``Lida Rose ''). Marian, meanwhile, is sitting on her front porch thinking of Harold (`` Will I Ever Tell You?''). Winthrop returns home after spending time with Harold and tells Marian and Mrs. Paroo about Harold's hometown (``Gary, Indiana ''). As Marian waits alone for Harold, traveling salesman Charlie Cowell enters with evidence against Harold, hoping to tell Mayor Shinn. He only has a few minutes before his train leaves, but stops to flirt with Marian. She tries to delay him so he does n't have time to deliver the evidence, eventually kissing him. As the train whistle blows, she pushes him away. Charlie angrily tells Marian that Harold has a girl in`` every county in Illinois, and he's taken it from every one of them -- and that's 102 counties!'' Title: Edward F. Harris Passage: Edward F. Harris (born 1909, date of death not found) was an American politician in the state of Washington. He served in the Washington House of Representatives. Title: Ælfwine Haroldsson Passage: Ælfwine Haroldsson or Ælfwine was most probably an illegitimate son of King Harold Harefoot of England. He was probably born during the early 1030s, either in Scandinavia or after 1035 in England. He appears in an early twelfth-century cartulary from the monastery of Sainte Foi at Conques in Aquitaine as "Alboynus" (a cognate of Ælfwine), alongside the records that he was born in London and was the son of a King "Heroldus" (a Latinised version of Harold) and one "Alveva" ("Ælfgifu" Latinised). It is also noted that he arrived in Conques in 1060 on pilgrimage and persuaded the local authorities to rebuild the church and make him prior. W. H. Stevenson showed the only chronologically plausible candidate for his father is King Harold Harefoot. With Harold Harefoot's sudden death on 17 March 1040 Ælfwine was most likely left in his otherwise unknown mother's care, or even that of his powerful and influential grandmother Ælfgifu of Northampton, who may be the Ælfgifu of the record mistakenly named as his mother, rather than grandmother. He did not lay any claim to the throne of England. Little is known about him, but he is thought to have died in the 1070s or 1080s. He was a grandson of Cnut the Great. Title: Battle of Hastings Passage: The Battle of Hastings was fought on 14 October 1066 between the Norman - French army of William, the Duke of Normandy, and an English army under the Anglo - Saxon King Harold Godwinson, beginning the Norman conquest of England. It took place approximately 7 miles (11 kilometres) northwest of Hastings, close to the present - day town of Battle, East Sussex, and was a decisive Norman victory. Title: Captain Underpants: The First Epic Movie Passage: Kevin Hart as George Beard, a fourth grade student. He is Harold's best friend and writes stories for the comics he and Harold make. Title: Axel F Passage: ``Axel F ''Single by Harold Faltermeyer from the album Beverly Hills Cop (soundtrack) B - side`` Discovery'', ``Shoot Out ''Released December 5, 1984 (US) Format 7``, 12'' Recorded June 23, 1984 Genre Synth - pop Length 3: 01 Label MCA Records MCA 949 Songwriter (s) Harold Faltermeyer Producer (s) Harold Faltermeyer Harold Faltermeyer singles chronology ``Axel F ''(1984)`` The Race Is On'' / ``Starlight Express ''(1987)`` Axel F'' (1984) ``The Race Is On ''/`` Starlight Express'' (1987) Title: Arthur Conan Doyle Passage: Doyle was found clutching his chest in the hall of Windlesham Manor, his house in Crowborough, East Sussex, on 7 July 1930. He died of a heart attack at the age of 71. His last words were directed toward his wife: "You are wonderful." At the time of his death, there was some controversy concerning his burial place, as he was avowedly not a Christian, considering himself a Spiritualist. He was first buried on 11 July 1930 in Windlesham rose garden. Title: Hal Fishman Passage: Harold "Hal" Fishman (August 25, 1931 – August 7, 2007) was a local news anchor in the Los Angeles area, serving on-air with Los Angeles-area television stations continuously from 1960 until his death in 2007. Fishman was the longest-running news anchor in the history of American television before Dave Ward surpassed him in 2015. He was also a record-holding aviator. "The Simpsons" cartoon television anchorman Kent Brockman was partially inspired by Hal Fishman.	[ "Harold Wethey", "Ann Arbor, Michigan" ]
Under what president was apartheid ended in the country where Queen played during the height of it?	Mandela	[ "Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela", "Nelson Mandela" ]	Title: South Africa at the Olympics Passage: After the negotiations to end apartheid in South Africa commenced in 1990, the nation re-joined the Olympic movement. The South African Sports Confederation and Olympic Committee was created in 1991, and South Africa returned to the Games at the 1992 Summer Olympics (and the 1992 Summer Paralympics). South Africa also participated in the Winter Olympic Games in 1960, and since 1994. Title: Queen (band) Passage: That year, Queen began The Works Tour, the first tour to feature keyboardist Spike Edney as an extra live musician. The tour featured nine sold-out dates in October in Bophuthatswana, South Africa, at the arena in Sun City. Upon returning to England, they were the subject of outrage, having played in South Africa during the height of apartheid and in violation of worldwide divestment efforts and a United Nations cultural boycott. The band responded to the critics by stating that they were playing music for fans in South Africa, and they also stressed that the concerts were played before integrated audiences. Queen donated to a school for the deaf and blind as a philanthropic gesture but were fined by the British Musicians' Union and placed on the United Nations' blacklisted artists. Title: Long Walk to Freedom Passage: Long Walk to Freedom is an autobiography written by South African President Nelson Mandela, and first published in 1994 by Little Brown & Co. The book profiles his early life, coming of age, education and 27 years in prison. Under the apartheid government, Mandela was regarded as a terrorist and jailed on the infamous Robben Island for his role as a leader of the then - outlawed ANC. He later achieved international recognition for his leadership as president in rebuilding the country's once segregated society. The last chapters of the book describe his political ascension, and his belief that the struggle still continued against apartheid in South Africa. Title: Black people Passage: In early 1991, non-Arabs of the Zaghawa tribe of Sudan attested that they were victims of an intensifying Arab apartheid campaign, segregating Arabs and non-Arabs (specifically people of sub-Saharan African descent). Sudanese Arabs, who controlled the government, were widely referred to as practicing apartheid against Sudan's non-Arab citizens. The government was accused of "deftly manipulat(ing) Arab solidarity" to carry out policies of apartheid and ethnic cleansing. Title: Black people Passage: American University economist George Ayittey accused the Arab government of Sudan of practicing acts of racism against black citizens. According to Ayittey, "In Sudan... the Arabs monopolized power and excluded blacks – Arab apartheid." Many African commentators joined Ayittey in accusing Sudan of practising Arab apartheid. Title: Nelson Mandela Passage: Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela (/ mænˈdɛlə /; 18 July 1918 -- 5 December 2013) was a South African anti-apartheid revolutionary, political leader, and philanthropist, who served as President of South Africa from 1994 to 1999. He was the country's first black head of state and the first elected in a fully representative democratic election. His government focused on dismantling the legacy of apartheid by tackling institutionalised racism and fostering racial reconciliation. Ideologically an African nationalist and socialist, he served as President of the African National Congress (ANC) party from 1991 to 1997. Title: Eric Miller (photographer) Passage: Eric Miller (born 1951) is a professional photographer based in South Africa. Miller was born in Cape Town but spent his childhood in Johannesburg. After studying psychology and working in the corporate world for several years, Miller was driven by the injustices of apartheid to use his hobby, photography, to document opposition to apartheid by becoming a full-time photographer. Title: Shawn Slovo Passage: Shawn Slovo (born 1950) is a screenwriter, best known for the film "A World Apart", based on her childhood in South Africa under apartheid. She is the daughter of South African Communist Party leaders Joe Slovo and Ruth First. She wrote the screenplay for the 2006 film "Catch a Fire" (also a historical film about apartheid), and for the 2001 film "Captain Corelli's Mandolin". Title: Black people Passage: In 2008, the High Court in South Africa ruled that Chinese South Africans who were residents during the apartheid era (and their descendants) are to be reclassified as "Black people," solely for the purposes of accessing affirmative action benefits, because they were also "disadvantaged" by racial discrimination. Chinese people who arrived in the country after the end of apartheid do not qualify for such benefits. Title: Cedric Nunn Passage: Cedric Nunn (born 1957) is a South African photographer best known for his photography depicting South Africa before and after the end of apartheid. Title: The Butler Passage: Particular criticism has been directed at the film's accuracy in portraying President Ronald Reagan. While Alan Rickman's performance generated positive reviews, the director and screenwriters of the film have been criticized for depicting Reagan as indifferent to civil rights and his reluctance to associate with the White House's black employees during his presidency. According to Michael Reagan, the former president's son, ``The real story of the White House butler does n't imply racism at all. It's simply Hollywood liberals wanting to believe something about my father that was never there. ''Paul Kengor, one of President Reagan's biographers, also attacked the film, saying,`` I've talked to many White House staff, cooks, housekeepers, doctors, and Secret Service over the years. They are universal in their love of Ronald Reagan.'' In regard to the president's initial opposition to sanctions against apartheid in South Africa, Kengor said, ``Ronald Reagan was appalled by apartheid, but also wanted to ensure that if the apartheid regime collapsed in South Africa that it was n't replaced by a Marxist - totalitarian regime allied with Moscow and Cuba that would take the South African people down the same road as Ethiopia, Mozambique, and, yes, Cuba. In the immediate years before Reagan became president, 11 countries from the Third World, from Asia to Africa to Latin America, went Communist. It was devastating. If the film refuses to deal with this issue with the necessary balance, it should n't deal with it at all. '' Title: Ivan Toms Passage: Ivan Toms (11 July 1952 – 25 March 2008) was a South African physician, who battled the Apartheid era government as a prominent anti-Apartheid and anti-conscription activist. At the time of his death in 2008, Toms was serving as the Director of Health for the city of Cape Town, South Africa. Title: Flag of South Africa Passage: The flag of South Africa was adopted on 27 April 1994, at the beginning of South Africa's 1994 general election, to replace the flag that had been used since 1928. The new national flag, designed by the then State Herald of South Africa Frederick Brownell, was chosen to represent the country's new democracy after the end of apartheid. Title: Mandela Challenge Plate Passage: The Nelson Mandela Challenge Plate is a rugby union trophy contested between Australia and South Africa. It is named after South Africa's first post-apartheid president, Nelson Mandela. Title: Apartheid Passage: The ANC won 62.65 percent of the vote, less than the 66.7 percent that would have allowed it to rewrite the constitution. 252 of the 400 seats went to members of the African National Congress. The NP captured most of the white and coloured votes and became the official opposition party. As well as deciding the national government, the election decided the provincial governments, and the ANC won in seven of the nine provinces, with the NP winning in the Western Cape and the IFP in KwaZulu - Natal. On 10 May 1994, Mandela was sworn in as South Africa's president. The Government of National Unity was established, its cabinet made up of 12 ANC representatives, six from the NP, and three from the IFP. Thabo Mbeki and de Klerk were made deputy presidents. Title: Mamelodi Passage: Mamelodi, part of the City of Tshwane Metropolitan Municipality, is a township set up by the then apartheid government northeast of Pretoria, Gauteng, South Africa. Title: South Africa at the Rugby World Cup Passage: South Africa have played at six of the eight Rugby World Cup tournaments, having been unable to compete in the first two tournaments due to a sports boycott during the apartheid era. Following the end of apartheid, they hosted the 1995 Rugby World Cup and won the tournament, and were champions again at the 2007 tournament in France. With two tournament wins, they are one of the three best performing teams, along with Australia who have also won twice, and New Zealand with three wins, the only team to do better. Title: Namibia Passage: The Namibian Constitution adopted in February 1990 incorporated protection for human rights, compensation for state expropriations of private property, an independent judiciary and an executive presidency (the constituent assembly became the national assembly). The country officially became independent on 21 March 1990. Sam Nujoma was sworn in as the first President of Namibia watched by Nelson Mandela (who had been released from prison the previous month) and representatives from 147 countries, including 20 heads of state. Walvis Bay was ceded to Namibia in 1994 upon the end of Apartheid in South Africa.[citation needed] Title: Voices of Sarafina! Passage: Voices of Sarafina! is a 1988 American documentary film about the anti-apartheid musical stage play "Sarafina!" directed by Nigel Noble. It was screened in the Un Certain Regard section at the 1989 Cannes Film Festival. Title: Black people Passage: Alan Dershowitz described Sudan as an example of a government that "actually deserve(s)" the appellation "apartheid." Former Canadian Minister of Justice Irwin Cotler echoed the accusation.	[ "Apartheid", "Queen (band)" ]
When did Japan finish invading the country where the last name shin came from?	1598	[]	Title: FC Osipovichi Passage: FC Osipovichi was founded in 1994 as KRZ Osipovichi and started playing in Belarusian Second League since 1994–95 season. In 1997, they changed their name to FC Svisloch-Krovlya Osipovichi and won the Second league, receiving promotion to the First League. In 1998 Svisloch-Krovlya finished 2nd in the First League and were promoted to the Premier League. In 1999 Svisloch-Krovlya finished last and were relegated back to the First League, where they were playing from 2000 to 2002. In 2001 team's name was shortened to FC Svosloch Osipovishi and in 2002 to FC Osipovichi. From 2003 till 2016, they played in the Second League. In 2016 they finished at the 2nd place, which led to promotion to Belarusian First League. The season 2017 they finished on the 15th place in the First League and were relegated back to the Second League. Since 2018 they play in the Second League. Title: Rohit Sharma Passage: Rohit Sharma is one of the most successful players in Indian Premier League (IPL) and has the unique record of finishing the match by scoring a last - ball six. He has one century and a hat - trick to his name. He is also one of the few players to score more than 4000 runs in the IPL. Title: Na Yubo Passage: Na Yubo (born 12 July 1981) is a Chinese professional field hockey player who represented China at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing. The team finished last in their group, and finished 11th after beating South Africa. Title: Asian Development Bank Passage: The highest policy-making body of the bank is the Board of Governors, composed of one representative from each member state. The Board of Governors, in turn, elect among themselves the twelve members of the Board of Directors and their deputies. Eight of the twelve members come from regional (Asia-Pacific) members while the others come from non-regional members.The Board of Governors also elect the bank's president, who is the chairperson of the Board of Directors and manages ADB. The president has a term of office lasting five years, and may be reelected. Traditionally, and because Japan is one of the largest shareholders of the bank, the president has always been Japanese. Title: Daniela Simmons Passage: Daniela Borruso-Sereftug (born 9 December 1959), better known by the stage name Daniela Simmons (sometimes written Simons), is a singer/songwriter/musician who represented Switzerland at the Eurovision Song Contest 1986 in Bergen with the song "Pas pour moi". The song finished second behind Belgium's entry. Simmons had made previous attempts to represent Switzerland. In 1983, she came last in the national selection with "Dis moi tout" but took second place in 1985 with "Repars à zéro". Simmons made one further Eurovision attempt in 1991 but finished second in the national heat with "Come finirà?". Title: Shin (Korean surname) Passage: Shin is a Korean family name. It is cognate to the Chinese family names Shēn and Xin. According to the 2000 census in South Korea, there were 911,556 people carrying the Shin surname. Title: Samurai Passage: In 1274, the Mongol-founded Yuan dynasty in China sent a force of some 40,000 men and 900 ships to invade Japan in northern Kyūshū. Japan mustered a mere 10,000 samurai to meet this threat. The invading army was harassed by major thunderstorms throughout the invasion, which aided the defenders by inflicting heavy casualties. The Yuan army was eventually recalled and the invasion was called off. The Mongol invaders used small bombs, which was likely the first appearance of bombs and gunpowder in Japan. Title: Brenda Shinn Passage: Brenda Shinn (born January 1, 1962 in Redondo Beach, California) is an American sport shooter. She won the gold medal for the women's air pistol at the 2009 USA Shooting National Championships in Fort Benning, Georgia, and achieved a seventh-place finish in the same category at the 2010 Championships of the Americas (CAT Games) in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Title: Porte Kanazawa Passage: The is a skyscraper located in Kanazawa, Isikawa Prefecture, Japan. Construction of the 131-metre, 30-story skyscraper was finished in 1994. Title: Galaxian 2 Passage: Galaxian 2 (also written as Galaxian II ) is a handheld electronic game that was released in 1981 in the US by Entex Industries. It was also released the same year in Japan under the name "Astro Galaxy" and in Europe under the name "Astro Invader". The game was also released under the Futuretronics brand in Australia. Title: Samurai Passage: Katō Kiyomasa was one of the most powerful and well-known lords of the Sengoku Era. He commanded most of Japan's major clans during the invasion of Korea (1592–1598). In a handbook he addressed to "all samurai, regardless of rank" he told his followers that a warrior's only duty in life was to "...grasp the long and the short swords and to die". He also ordered his followers to put forth great effort in studying the military classics, especially those related to loyalty and filial piety. He is best known for his quote: "If a man does not investigate into the matter of Bushido daily, it will be difficult for him to die a brave and manly death. Thus it is essential to engrave this business of the warrior into one's mind well." Title: The Lego Movie 2: The Second Part Passage: In the aftermath of Lord Business' scheme on Taco Tuesday, the Duplo invaders have made Bricksburg into a post-apocalyptic wasteland as a result of Finn's father allowing his younger sister to play with him. Emmet is completely unaffected by this dramatic change and pretends everything is still awesome, unlike everyone else, who have been toughened and hardened, ready for more fighting. When an intergalactic invader named Sweet Mayhem comes from outer space and kidnaps his friends Wyldstyle, Batman, MetalBeard, Princess Unikitty and Benny, Emmet's master building skills are put to the ultimate test. He must use them to travel to space and rescue his friends, defeat Sweet Mayhem, and restore harmony to Bricksburg and the rest of the Lego Universe. Title: Tomb Raider Passage: The first entry in the series Tomb Raider was released in 1996 for personal computers (PC), PlayStation and Sega Saturn consoles. The Saturn and PlayStation versions were released in Japan in 1997. The second game, Tomb Raider II, launched in 1997, again for PC and PlayStation. A month before release, Eidos finalised a deal with Sony Computer Entertainment to keep the console version of Tomb Raider II and future games exclusive to PlayStation until the year 2000. The PlayStation version was released in Japan in 1998. Tomb Raider III launched in 1998. As with Tomb Raider II, the PlayStation version released in Japan the following year. The fourth consecutive title in the series, Tomb Raider: The Last Revelation, released in 1999. In 2000, with the end of the PlayStation exclusivity deal, the game also released on the Dreamcast. In Japan, both console versions released the following year. Tomb Raider Chronicles released in 2000 on the same platforms as The Last Revelation, with the PlayStation version's Japanese release as before coming the following year. Title: Pacific War Passage: The Second Sino - Japanese War between the Empire of Japan and the Republic of China had been in progress since 7 July 1937, with hostilities dating back as far as 19 September 1931 with the Japanese invasion of Manchuria. However, it is more widely accepted that the Pacific War itself began on 7 / 8 December 1941, when Japan invaded Thailand and attacked the British possessions of Malaya, Singapore, and Hong Kong as well as the United States military and naval bases in Hawaii, Wake Island, Guam and the Philippines. Title: Kagoshima Prefectural Government Building Passage: The is a skyscraper located in Kagoshima, Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan. Construction of the 93-metre, 18-storey skyscraper was finished in 1996. Title: Japanese war crimes Passage: Outside Japan, different societies use widely different timeframes in defining Japanese war crimes. For example, the annexation of Korea by Japan in 1910 was enforced by the Japanese military, and the Society of Yi Dynasty Korea was switched to the political system of the Empire of Japan. Thus, North and South Korea refer to "Japanese war crimes" as events occurring during the period of Korea under Japanese rule.By comparison, the Western Allies did not come into military conflict with Japan until 1941, and North Americans, Australians, South East Asians and Europeans may consider "Japanese war crimes" to be events that occurred in 1942–1945.Japanese war crimes were not always carried out by ethnic Japanese personnel. A small minority of people in every Asian and Pacific country invaded or occupied by Japan collaborated with the Japanese military, or even served in it, for a wide variety of reasons, such as economic hardship, coercion, or antipathy to other imperialist powers.Japan's sovereignty over Korea and Formosa (Taiwan), in the first half of the 20th century, was recognized by international agreements—the Treaty of Shimonoseki (1895) and the Japan–Korea Annexation Treaty (1910)—and they were considered at the time to be integral parts of the Japanese Empire. Under the international law of today, there is a possibility the Japan-Korea Annexation Treaty was illegal, as the native populations were not consulted, there was armed resistance to Japan's annexations, and war crimes may also have been committed during the civil wars. Title: United Kingdom in the Eurovision Song Contest Passage: The United Kingdom has finished last in three contests. Jemini's infamous 2003 ``nul points ''result was the first time that the country had come last in the contest, something that was then repeated in 2008 with Andy Abraham, who received 14 points and in 2010 with Josh Dubovie, who received 10 points. In 2016, the UK failed to reach the top 10 for the seventh consecutive time, with the duo Joe and Jake finishing 24th. In 2017, the UK improved on their result by coming 15th with Lucie Jones, their best result in the contest since Blue in 2011. Title: Ramorino Glacier Passage: Ramorino Glacier () is the long glacier situated northwest of upper Crosswell Glacier and southeast of Cervellati Glacier on the east slope of Sentinel Range in the Ellsworth Mountains, Antarctica. It flows northeastwards between Epperly Ridge and Shinn Ridge, and enters Crosswell Glacier northwest of Mount Segers. The feature was named by US-ACAN in 2006 after Maria Chiara Ramorino, manager of the Italian team that compiled and promulgated the SCAR Composite Gazetteer of Antarctica, 1998-2006. Title: Squid Girl Passage: Squid Girl, known in Japan as with the subtitle "The invader comes from the bottom of the sea!", is a Japanese manga series by Masahiro Anbe, which was serialized in Akita Shoten's "Weekly Shōnen Champion" between July 2007 and February 2016. An anime television series adaptation by Diomedéa aired on TV Tokyo between October and December 2010, with a second season airing between September and December 2011. Three original video animation (OVA) episodes were released between 2012 and 2014. Title: 2018 FIFA World Cup Group H Passage: Group H of the 2018 FIFA World Cup took place from 19 to 28 June 2018. The group consisted of Poland, Senegal, Colombia, and Japan. The top two teams, Colombia and Japan, advanced to the round of 16. For the first time in World Cup history, the ``fair play ''rule was invoked to break a tie. Japan and Senegal finished with identical scores and goal differences to tie for second behind Colombia. Japan were awarded the place in the final 16 based on receiving fewer yellow cards in their three matches.	[ "Samurai", "Shin (Korean surname)" ]
What is the undergraduate enrollment at the school where the screenwriter of Results was educated?	7,200	[]	Title: Tamborine Mountain State High School Passage: Tamborine Mountain State High School (TMSHS) is a co-educational, state secondary school located on Tamborine Mountain, Queensland, Australia. Education Queensland has implemented an enrollment catchment area for Tamborine Mountain State High School. Title: Institute of technology Passage: In addition, France's education system includes many institutes of technology, embedded within most French universities. They are referred-to as institut universitaire de technologie (IUT). Instituts universitaires de technologie provide undergraduate technology curricula. 'Polytech institutes', embedded as a part of eleven French universities provide both undergraduate and graduate engineering curricula. Title: Private school Passage: In the Philippines, the private sector has been a major provider of educational services, accounting for about 7.5% of primary enrollment, 32% of secondary enrollment and about 80% of tertiary enrollment. Private schools have proven to be efficient in resource utilization. Per unit costs in private schools are generally lower when compared to public schools. This situation is more evident at the tertiary level. Government regulations have given private education more flexibility and autonomy in recent years, notably by lifting the moratorium on applications for new courses, new schools and conversions, by liberalizing tuition fee policy for private schools, by replacing values education for third and fourth years with English, mathematics and natural science at the option of the school, and by issuing the revised Manual of Regulations for Private Schools in August 1992. Title: Paraguay Passage: Universidad del Pacífico (private and founded in 1991).The net primary enrollment rate was at 88% in 2005. Public expenditure on education was about 4.3% of GDP in the early 2000s. Title: Eric Mazur Passage: Eric Mazur (born November 14, 1954) is a physicist and educator at Harvard University, and an entrepreneur in technology start-ups for the educational and technology markets. Mazur's research is in experimental ultrafast optics and condensed matter physics. Born in Amsterdam, Netherlands, he received his undergraduate and graduate degrees from Leiden University. Title: Harvard University Passage: Harvard's 2,400 professors, lecturers, and instructors instruct 7,200 undergraduates and 14,000 graduate students. The school color is crimson, which is also the name of the Harvard sports teams and the daily newspaper, The Harvard Crimson. The color was unofficially adopted (in preference to magenta) by an 1875 vote of the student body, although the association with some form of red can be traced back to 1858, when Charles William Eliot, a young graduate student who would later become Harvard's 21st and longest-serving president (1869–1909), bought red bandanas for his crew so they could more easily be distinguished by spectators at a regatta. Title: University of California, Los Angeles Passage: The University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) is a public research university in Los Angeles. It became the Southern Branch of the University of California in 1919, making it the fourth-oldest (after UC Berkeley, UC San Francisco, and UC Davis) of the 10-campus University of California system. It offers 337 undergraduate and graduate degree programs in a wide range of disciplines. UCLA enrolls about 31,000 undergraduate and 13,000 graduate students and had 119,000 applicants for Fall 2016, including transfer applicants, making the school the most applied-to of any American university.The university is organized into six undergraduate colleges, seven professional schools, and four professional health science schools. The undergraduate colleges are the College of Letters and Science; Samueli School of Engineering; School of the Arts and Architecture; Herb Alpert School of Music; School of Theater, Film and Television; and School of Nursing. Title: Eswatini Passage: Education in Swaziland begins with pre-school education for infants, primary, secondary and high school education for general education and training (GET), and universities and colleges at tertiary level. Pre-school education is usually for children 5-year or younger after that the students can enroll in a primary school anywhere in the country. In Swaziland early childhood care and education (ECCE) centres are in the form of preschools or neighbourhood care points (NCPs). In the country 21.6% of preschool age children have access to early childhood education. Title: Mohi-ud-Din Islamic University Passage: Mohi-ud-Din Islamic University (MIU) is a university located in Nerian Sharif, Azad Kashmir, Pakistan. MIU offers undergraduate and post-graduate education. Title: Ethan Vogt Passage: Ethan studied photography and filmmaking as an undergraduate at Harvard where he met the writer/director Andrew Bujalski in an introductory film class. Ethan would later producing Bujalski's feature films, Funny Ha Ha (2003), Mutual Appreciation (2005) and Beeswax (2009) which were distributed internationally to critical acclaim. Funny Ha Ha is considered the first "Mumblecore" film and was recognized as one of the 10 most culturally, commercially or technologically important, consequential or groundbreaking films of 2000-9" by A.O. Scott, a chief film critic in the New York Times. Title: Education in India Passage: According to current estimates, 29% of Indian children are privately educated. With more than 50% children enrolling in private schools in urban areas, the balance has already tilted towards private schooling in cities; and, even in rural areas, nearly 20% of the children in 2004 - 5 were enrolled in private schools. Title: Council of Alberta University Students Passage: They represent undergraduate students from the University of Alberta, the University of Calgary, the University of Lethbridge, Mount Royal University, and MacEwan University to the public, government and other post-secondary education stakeholders. Based in Edmonton, CAUS is a non-partisan and active advocacy group looking to ensure a fully accessible and high quality system of education in Alberta. Title: Republic of the Congo Passage: Public expenditure of the GDP was less in 2002–05 than in 1991. Public education is theoretically free and mandatory for under-16-year-olds, but in practice, expenses exist. Net primary enrollment rate was 44% in 2005, much less than the 79% in 1991. The country has universities. Education between ages six and sixteen is compulsory. Pupils who complete six years of primary school and seven years of secondary school obtain a baccalaureate. At the university, students can obtain a bachelor's degree in three years and a master's after four. Marien Ngouabi University—which offers courses in medicine, law and several other fields—is the country's only public university. Instruction at all levels is in French, and the educational system as a whole models the French system. The educational infrastructure has been seriously degraded as a result of political and economic crises. There are no seats in most classrooms, forcing children to sit on the floor. Enterprising individuals have set up private schools, but they often lack the technical knowledge and familiarity with the national curriculum to teach effectively. Families frequently enroll their children in private schools only to find they cannot make the payments. Title: Results (film) Passage: Results is a 2015 indie romantic comedy film written and directed by Andrew Bujalski. The film stars Guy Pearce, Cobie Smulders, Kevin Corrigan, Giovanni Ribisi, Brooklyn Decker, Anthony Michael Hall, and Constance Zimmer. Title: University of Kansas Passage: Beginning in the 2007–2008 academic year, first-time freshman at KU pay a fixed tuition rate for 48 months according to the Four-Year Tuition Compact passed by the Kansas Board of Regents. For the 2014–15 academic year, tuition was $318 per credit hour for in-state freshman and $828 for out-of-state freshmen. For transfer students, who do not take part in the compact, 2014–15 per-credit-hour tuition was $295 for in-state undergraduates and $785 for out-of-state undergraduates; subject to annual increases. Students enrolled in 6 or more credit hours also paid an annual required campus fee of $888. The schools of architecture, music, arts, business, education, engineering, journalism, law, pharmacy, and social welfare charge additional fees. Title: Francis Walsingham Passage: Francis Walsingham matriculated at King's College, Cambridge, in 1548 with many other Protestants but as an undergraduate of high social status did not sit for a degree. From 1550 or 1551, he travelled in continental Europe, returning to England by 1552 to enrol at Gray's Inn, one of the qualifying bodies for English lawyers. Title: Østfold University College Passage: Østfold University College (, HiØ) is a further and higher education institution in Østfold, which is in south-eastern Norway. It has campuses in Fredrikstad and Halden. Enrollment is approximately 4,000 students ; and 480 staff. The school is one of 24 public university colleges in Norway, and is a result of five public colleges in Halden, Sarpsborg and Fredrikstad which were joined together as a part of the University College Reform () of 1994. Title: Guinea-Bissau Passage: Education is compulsory from the age of 7 to 13. The enrollment of boys is higher than that of girls. In 1998, the gross primary enrollment rate was 53.5%, with higher enrollment ratio for males (67.7%) compared to females (40%). Title: Yale University Passage: In 1966, Yale began discussions with its sister school Vassar College about merging to foster coeducation at the undergraduate level. Vassar, then all-female and part of the Seven Sisters—elite higher education schools that historically served as sister institutions to the Ivy League when the Ivy League still only admitted men—tentatively accepted, but then declined the invitation. Both schools introduced coeducation independently in 1969. Amy Solomon was the first woman to register as a Yale undergraduate; she was also the first woman at Yale to join an undergraduate society, St. Anthony Hall. The undergraduate class of 1973 was the first class to have women starting from freshman year; at the time, all undergraduate women were housed in Vanderbilt Hall at the south end of Old Campus.[citation needed] Title: Northwestern University School of Education and Social Policy Passage: The School of Education and Social Policy (SESP), established in 1926, is the smallest of the eight undergraduate and graduate institutions at Northwestern University, USA. Located about 12 miles north of downtown Chicago in Evanston, Illinois, SESP is devoted to the academic study of education and is consistently ranked among the top schools of education in the US.	[ "Harvard University", "Results (film)", "Ethan Vogt" ]
Who was the ninth governor general of the country where Nokon is locateD?	Sir Michael Ogio	[ "Michael Ogio" ]	Title: Senate of Canada Passage: The Senate of Canada (French: Sénat du Canada) is a component of the Parliament of Canada, along with the House of Commons and the Monarch (represented by the Governor General). The Senate is modelled after the British House of Lords and consists of 105 members appointed by the Governor General on the advice of the Prime Minister. Seats are assigned on a regional basis: four regions -- defined as Ontario, Quebec, the Maritime provinces, and the Western provinces -- each receive 24 seats, with the remaining portions of the country -- Newfoundland and Labrador and the three northern territories -- assigned the remaining 9 seats apart from these regional divisions. Senators may serve until they reach the age of 75. Title: James Albert Manning Aikins Passage: Sir James Albert Manning Aikins, , (December 10, 1851 – March 1, 1929) was a politician in Manitoba, Canada. He was the leader of the Manitoba Conservative Party in the provincial election of 1915, and later served as the province's ninth Lieutenant Governor. Title: Governor-General of India Passage: In 1784, the Council was reduced to three members; the Governor-General continued to have both an ordinary vote and a casting vote. In 1786, the power of the Governor-General was increased even further, as Council decisions ceased to be binding. Title: Harry Barron Passage: Major General Sir Harry Barron (11 August 1847 – 27 March 1921) was Governor of Tasmania from 1909 to 1913, and Governor of Western Australia from 1913 to 1917. Title: Michael Ogio Passage: Sir Michael Ogio (7 July 1942 – 18 February 2017) was a Papua New Guinean politician who led People's Democratic Movement party. He served as the ninth Governor-General of Papua New Guinea. Title: Governor-General of India Passage: Viceroy and Governor - General of India Standard of the Governor - General Louis Mountbatten, the last Viceroy of India & the first Governor - General during the dominion period Style His Excellency Residence Viceroy's House Appointer East India Company (to 1858) Monarch of India (from 1858) Formation 20 October 1774 First holder Warren Hastings Final holder Chakravarthi Rajagopalachari Abolished 26 January 1950 Title: Letters Patent, 1947 Passage: The Letters Patent, 1947 (more formally, the Letters Patent Constituting the Office of Governor General and Commander-in-Chief of Canada) are a legal instrument introduced by King George VI, which came into effect on 1 October 1947 and continue to, along with parts of the "Constitution Act, 1867", constitute the Office of the Governor General. These letters served to expand the role and powers of the governor general in exercising the Royal Prerogative and allows the governor general to carry out an increased number of the Sovereign's duties in "exceptional circumstances". While the letters patent allow the governor general to use most of the "powers and authorities" lawfully belonging to the Canadian sovereign, this permission can be revoked, altered, or amended by the sovereign at any time and these powers and authorities thus remain with the monarch and are carried out by the governor general on his or her behalf. Title: Frank Henry Cooney Passage: Frank Henry Cooney (December 31, 1872 – December 15, 1935) was the ninth Governor of Montana from 1933 to 1935. Title: Damietta Governorate Passage: Damietta Governorate ( "") is one of the governorates of Egypt. It is located in the northeastern part of the country, and has a population of over 1 million. Its capital is the city of Damietta. Title: Jonathan G. Hunton Passage: Jonathan Glidden Hunton (March 14, 1781 – October 12, 1851) was an American politician who served as the ninth Governor of Maine from February 1830 to January 1831. Title: Government of West Virginia Passage: The chief executive of West Virginia is the governor of West Virginia, who is elected to a four - year term at the same time as presidential elections. The governor is sworn in the January following the November election. A governor may only serve two consecutive terms. A governor may run for a third term, but an interceding election must occur. Democrat Jim Justice was elected governor in 2016, defeating Bill Cole in the general election. Title: Solomon Hochoy Passage: Sir Solomon Hochoy GCMG GCVO OBE (20 April 1905 -- 15 November 1983) was a Trinidad and Tobago politician. He was the last British governor of Trinidad and Tobago and the first governor - general upon the country's independence in 1962. He was the first non-white governor of a British crown colony and the first ethnically Chinese and nationally Caribbean person to become governor - general in the Commonwealth. Title: Nokon Passage: Nokon is a village on the south-eastern coast of New Ireland, Papua New Guinea. According to Alexander H. Bolyanatz, "Tekedan, Himaul, and Nokon form something of a sociological cluster." It contains a United Church. Title: Royal assent Passage: In Australia, the formal ceremony of granting assent in parliament has not been regularly used since the early 20th century. Now, the bill is sent to the governor-general's residence by the house in which it originated. The governor-general then signs the bill, sending messages to the President of the Senate and the Speaker of the House of Representatives, who notify their respective houses of the governor-general's action. A similar practice is followed in New Zealand, where the governor-general has not personally granted the Royal Assent in parliament since 1875. Title: Royal assent Passage: The Royal Assent ceremony takes place in the Senate, as the sovereign is traditionally barred from the House of Commons. On the day of the event, the Speaker of the Senate will read to the chamber a notice from the secretary to the governor general indicating when the viceroy or a deputy thereof will arrive. The Senate thereafter cannot adjourn until after the ceremony. The speaker moves to sit beside the throne, the Mace Bearer, with mace in hand, stands adjacent to him or her, and the governor general enters to take the speaker's chair. The Usher of the Black Rod is then commanded by the speaker to summon the Members of Parliament, who follow Black Rod back to the Senate, the Sergeant-at-Arms carrying the mace of the House of Commons. In the Senate, those from the commons stand behind the bar, while Black Rod proceeds to stand next to the governor general, who then nods his or her head to signify Royal Assent to the presented bills (which do not include appropriations bills). Once the list of bills is complete, the Clerk of the Senate states: "in Her Majesty's name, His [or Her] Excellency the Governor General [or the deputy] doth assent to these bills." If there are any appropriation bills to receive Royal Assent, the Speaker of the House of Commons will read their titles and the Senate clerk repeats them to the governor general, who nods his or her head to communicate Royal Assent. When these bills have all been assented to, the Clerk of the Senate recites "in Her Majesty's name, His [or Her] Excellency the Governor General [or the deputy] thanks her loyal subjects, accepts their benevolence and assents to these bills. The governor general or his or her deputy then depart parliament. Title: Norah Michener Passage: Norah Willis Michener (1902 – January 12, 1987) was the wife of Roland Michener, the 20th Governor General of Canada. As the spouse of a Governor General, she held the title of Chatelaine of Rideau Hall. Title: Governor-General of India Passage: Upon independence in August 1947, the title of Viceroy was abolished. The representative of the British Sovereign became known once again as the Governor-General. C. Rajagopalachari became the only Indian Governor-General. However, once India acquired independence, the Governor-General's role became almost entirely ceremonial, with power being exercised on a day-to-day basis by the Indian cabinet. After the nation became a republic in 1950, the President of India continued to perform the same functions. Title: Governor-General of India Passage: Governors - General served at the pleasure of the sovereign, though the practice was to have them serve five - year terms. Governors - General could have their commission rescinded; and if one was removed, or left, a provisional governor - general was sometimes appointed until a new holder of the office could be chosen. The first Governor - General of British India was Warren Hastings, and the first Governor - General of independent India was Louis Mountbatten. Title: Prime Minister of Papua New Guinea Passage: Prime Minister of Papua New Guinea Emblem of Papua New Guinea Incumbent Peter O'Neill since 3 August 2012 Appointer Bob Dadae Governor - General of Papua New Guinea Term length At the Governor - General's pleasure Inaugural holder Michael Somare Formation 16 September 1975 Title: Governor-General of India Passage: The Governor - General of India (or, from 1858 to 1947, officially the Viceroy and Governor - General of India, commonly shortened to Viceroy of India) was originally the head of the British administration in India and, later, after Indian independence in 1947, the representative of the Indian head of state. The office was created in 1773, with the title of Governor - General of the Presidency of Fort William. The officer had direct control only over Fort William, but supervised other British East India Company officials in India. Complete authority over all of British India was granted in 1833, and the official came to be known as the ``Governor - General of India ''.	[ "Michael Ogio", "Nokon" ]
What was the record label of the artist of Limon y sal?	Sony Music	[]	Title: New Country Hits Passage: New Country Hits is an album by American country music artist George Jones. It was released in 1965 on the Musicor Records label. Title: Matador (Kenny Dorham album) Passage: Matador is an album by American jazz trumpeter Kenny Dorham featuring performances recorded in 1962 and released on the United Artists label. Title: The Gift of Time Passage: The Gift of Time is an album by French jazz fusion artist Jean-Luc Ponty, released in 1987. It was his first recording for Columbia Records after twelve albums on the Atlantic label. It was reissued on CD in 1991. Title: Walkin' After Midnight Passage: "Walkin' After Midnight" is a song written by Alan Block and Donn Hecht and recorded by American country music artist Patsy Cline. The song was originally given to pop singer Kay Starr; however, her label rejected it. The song was left unused until Hecht rediscovered it when writing for Four Star Records. Originally Cline was not fond of "Walkin' After Midnight", but after making a compromise with her label she recorded it. Title: Weston Burt Passage: Weston Burt (born in Fort Payne, Alabama) is an American country music singer. Burt is the flagship artist for HitShop Records, a record label distributed by Warner Music Nashville. Title: Tortuguero Conservation Area Passage: Tortuguero Conservation Area is an administrative area which is managed by SINAC for the purposes of conservation in Limón Province, northeastern Costa Rica. Title: Limón y Sal Passage: Limón y Sal ("Lemon and Salt") is the title of the fourth studio album released by Mexican singer-songwriter Julieta Venegas. It was recorded in Buenos Aires, Argentina and first released in Mexico on May 30, 2006 and in the United States on June 6, 2006. To date the album has sold over 4.5 million copies worldwide. Title: Javier Limón Passage: Javier Limón (born 1973) is a record producer, singer and songwriter born and raised in Madrid, Spain. Limón has worked with several artists, mainly from Spain, since he incorporates elements of flamenco rhythm to his work. Besides his work as producer has also dabbled as an interpreter and has released three studio albums, "Limón", "Son de Limón" and "Mujeres de Agua". Since 2003, Limón has done recordings in Israel, Bogotá, Bristol, Paris, Bahía Blanca, Buenos Aires, New York City and Morocco. In 2004, Limón was awarded the Latin Grammy Award for Producer of the Year for his work on "Lágrimas Negras" by Diego El Cigala and Bebo Valdés, "Cositas Buenas" by Paco de Lucía, "El Cantante" by Andrés Calamaro, "El Pequeño Reloj" by Enrique Morente, " Niño Josele" by Niño Josele and "Tributo Flamenco A Don Juan Valderrama" by Various Artists. Javier Limón serves as the Artistic Director of the Berklee College of Music's Mediterranean Music Institute, which operates in Valencia, Spain as well as Boston, Massachusetts. Title: Sunday Concert Passage: Sunday Concert is Canadian singer Gordon Lightfoot's fifth album, released in 1969 on the United Artists label. Lightfoot's last recording for United Artists, it was also his first live album and until the release of a live DVD in 2002 remained Lightfoot's only officially released live recording. The album was recorded at Massey Hall in Toronto. Title: George Jones with Love Passage: George Jones with Love is an album by American country music artist George Jones, released in 1971 on the Musicor Records label. Title: Baile de Máscaras Passage: Baile de Máscaras is the fourth album recorded by Mexican rock band Maldita Vecindad y los Hijos del Quinto Patio. The LP was released on May 7, 1996 under the BMG label. Title: Apple Records Passage: Apple Records is a record label founded by the Beatles in 1968 as a division of Apple Corps Ltd. It was initially intended as a creative outlet for the Beatles, both as a group and individually, plus a selection of other artists including Mary Hopkin, James Taylor, Badfinger, and Billy Preston. In practice, the roster had become dominated by the mid-1970s with releases of the former Beatles as solo artists. Allen Klein managed the label from 1969 to 1973, then it was managed by Neil Aspinall on behalf of the Beatles and their heirs. Aspinall retired in 2007 and was replaced by Jeff Jones. Title: Who's Gonna Fill Their Shoes Passage: Who's Gonna Fill Their Shoes is the 45th studio album by American country music artist George Jones, released in 1985 on the Epic Records label. Title: Axis (Paul Bley album) Passage: Axis is a live solo album by pianist Paul Bley recorded in New York in 1977 and released on Bley's own Improvising Artists label the following year. Title: Los Momentos Passage: Los Momentos ("The Moments") is the sixth studio album by Mexican recording artist Julieta Venegas, was released 19 March 2013 by Sony Music Mexico. The first single from "Los Momentos" is "Tuve para dar". This album features collaborations with Cecilia Bastida, Natalia Lafourcade, Ana Tijoux and Rubén Albarrán (vocalist from Café Tacvba). Title: Anything in Return Passage: Anything in Return is the third studio album by American recording artist Toro y Moi, released on January 16, 2013 by Carpark Records. Toro y Moi describes it as a "bigger sounding album, more accessible and poppy", as he lyrically wrestles between relationship problems and life on the road. Title: Indigo Planet Records Passage: Indigo Planet Records (IPR) is an independent US record label founded in 2005 that currently has satellite offices in NYC, the Jersey Shore, St. Augustine, and Los Angeles. IPR has worked with a number of local, regional, and national acts, through label signings, showcases, and non-profit benefit projects. Among the label's more notable acts and events have been the 2009 Lollapalooza opener April Smith, former and founding member of Sony/Epic recording artists For Squirrels and Subrosa, Travis Tooke, and a CD and concert tour to benefit Invisible Children. Title: Nathan Fake Passage: Nathan Fake is a British electronic music artist from Necton in Norfolk, who has released singles as well as three albums on the label Border Community Recordings. Title: VHF Records Passage: VHF Records is an American record label, known for their extensive work with several major experimental artists. The label is based in the Washington, DC suburb of Fairfax, Va., and it initially focused on indie and experimental bands from that region. The label has since branched out to release innovative and offbeat music from around the world, although Northern Virginia artists are still prominently featured in the catalog. Title: Point Blank Records Passage: Point Blank Records was founded in 1988 by John Wooler. Wooler served as Deputy Head of A&R at Virgin Records UK from 1984 to 1994 and Senior Vice President of Virgin Records US from 1994 to 2002. He had a passion for blues, Americana and soul. His manager, Simon Draper, granted him a small budget to create the label. The first act signed to the record label was Larry McCray followed by Albert Collins and The Kinsey Report. Artists such as John Lee Hooker, Solomon Burke, Pops Staples, John Hammond, Walter "Wolfman" Washington, Van Morrison, and Johnny Winter were later signed to the label as well. Wooler signed all the musicians on the label and produced many of them.	[ "Los Momentos", "Limón y Sal" ]
How many square miles is the state that was Elbridge Gerry's constituency?	10,565	[]	Title: Massachusetts Passage: Commonwealth of Massachusetts Flag Seal Nickname (s): The Bay State Motto (s): Ense petit placidam sub libertate quietem (Latin) By the sword we seek peace, but peace only under liberty State song (s): ``All Hail to Massachusetts ''Official language English Spoken languages English 77.4% Spanish 8.6% Portuguese 2.8% Chinese 2.1% Demonym Bay Stater (official) Massachusite (traditional) Massachusettsian Capital (and largest city) Boston Largest metro Greater Boston Area Ranked 44th Total 10,565 sq mi (27,336 km) Width 183 miles (295 km) Length 113 miles (182 km)% water 25.7 Latitude 41 ° 14 ′ N to 42 ° 53 ′ N Longitude 69 ° 56 ′ W to 73 ° 30 ′ W Population Ranked 15th Total 6,811,779 (2016 est.) Density 840 / sq mi (324 / km) Ranked 3rd (9) Median household income $67,861 (7th) Elevation Highest point Mount Greylock 3,489 ft (1063.4 m) Mean 500 ft (150 m) Lowest point Atlantic Ocean sea level Before statehood Province of Massachusetts Bay Admission to Union February 6, 1788 (6th) Governor Charlie Baker (R) Lieutenant Governor Karyn Polito (R) Legislature General Court Upper house Senate Lower house House of Representatives U.S. Senators Elizabeth Warren (D) Ed Markey (D) U.S. House delegation 9 Democrats (list) Time zone Eastern: UTC - 5 / - 4 ISO 3166 US - MA Abbreviations MA, Mass. Website www.mass.gov Title: George Mason Passage: George Mason (sometimes referred to as George Mason IV; December 11, 1725 (O.S. November 30, 1725) -- October 7, 1792) was a Virginia planter and politician, and a delegate to the U.S. Constitutional Convention of 1787, one of three delegates, together with fellow Virginian Edmund Randolph and Elbridge Gerry of Massachusetts, who refused to sign the constitution. His writings have exercised a significant influence on political thought and events, including substantial portions of the Fairfax Resolves of 1774, the Virginia Declaration of Rights of 1776, and his Objections to this Constitution of Government (1787) in opposition to ratification of the constitution. The Virginia Declaration of Rights, which Mason principally authored, served as a basis for the United States Bill of Rights, of which he has been deemed the father. Title: District of Columbia retrocession Passage: In 1846, the area of 31 square miles (80 km) which was ceded by Virginia was returned, leaving 69 square miles (179 km) of territory originally ceded by Maryland as the current area of the District in its entirety. 21st - century proposals to return the remaining portion of the District of Columbia to the state of Maryland are cited as one way to provide full voting representation in Congress and return local control of the city to its residents. Title: Great Plains Passage: The rural Plains have lost a third of their population since 1920. Several hundred thousand square miles (several hundred thousand square kilometers) of the Great Plains have fewer than 6 inhabitants per square mile (2.3 inhabitants per square kilometer)—the density standard Frederick Jackson Turner used to declare the American frontier "closed" in 1893. Many have fewer than 2 inhabitants per square mile (0.77 inhabitants per square kilometer). There are more than 6,000 ghost towns in the state of Kansas alone, according to Kansas historian Daniel Fitzgerald. This problem is often exacerbated by the consolidation of farms and the difficulty of attracting modern industry to the region. In addition, the smaller school-age population has forced the consolidation of school districts and the closure of high schools in some communities. The continuing population loss has led some to suggest that the current use of the drier parts of the Great Plains is not sustainable, and there has been a proposal - the "Buffalo Commons" - to return approximately 139,000 square miles (360,000 km2) of these drier parts to native prairie land. Title: List of municipalities in New Jersey Passage: This is a list of the 565 municipalities in the U.S. state of New Jersey, ordered by population. There are five types of municipality in the state -- boroughs (250), cities (52), towns (15), townships (245), and villages (4). New Jersey, the fourth - smallest state, covers 8,722 square miles (22,590 km), meaning the average land size of a municipality in the state is about 15 square miles (39 km) -- but note the wide range of actual sizes in the map at right. Title: Richmond, Virginia Passage: Richmond is located at 37°32′N 77°28′W / 37.533°N 77.467°W / 37.533; -77.467 (37.538, −77.462). According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 62 square miles (160 km2), of which 60 square miles (160 km2) is land and 2.7 square miles (7.0 km2) of it (4.3%) is water. The city is located in the Piedmont region of Virginia, at the highest navigable point of the James River. The Piedmont region is characterized by relatively low, rolling hills, and lies between the low, sea level Tidewater region and the Blue Ridge Mountains. Significant bodies of water in the region include the James River, the Appomattox River, and the Chickahominy River. Title: United States Virgin Islands Passage: The U.S. Virgin Islands consist of the main islands of Saint Croix, Saint John, and Saint Thomas, and many other surrounding minor islands. The total land area of the territory is 133.73 square miles (346.36 km). The territory's capital is Charlotte Amalie on the island of Saint Thomas. Title: Gonzales County, Texas Passage: According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 1,070 square miles (2,800 km2), of which 1,067 square miles (2,760 km2) is land and 3.2 square miles (8.3 km2) (0.3%) is water. Title: Riverside, California Passage: Riverside is the 59th largest city in the United States, 12th largest city in California, and the largest city in California's Inland Empire metro area. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 81.4 square miles (210.8 km), of which 81.1 square miles (210 km) is land and 0.3 square miles (0.78 km) (0.37%) is water. The elevation of downtown Riverside is 860 feet (260 m). Hills within the city limits include Mount Rubidoux, a city landmark and tourist attraction. Riverside is surrounded by small and large mountains, some of which get a dusting of winter snow. Many residents also enjoy the many beaches of southern California. Riverside is about a 47 - mile drive to the Pacific Ocean and is close to Orange county and Los Angeles county. Title: Detroit Passage: Detroit is the center of a three-county urban area (population 3,734,090, area of 1,337 square miles (3,460 km2), a 2010 United States Census) six-county metropolitan statistical area (2010 Census population of 4,296,250, area of 3,913 square miles [10,130 km2]), and a nine-county Combined Statistical Area (2010 Census population of 5,218,852, area of 5,814 square miles [15,060 km2]). The Detroit–Windsor area, a commercial link straddling the Canada–U.S. border, has a total population of about 5,700,000. The Detroit metropolitan region holds roughly one-half of Michigan's population. Title: Oklahoma Passage: Oklahoma is the 20th largest state in the United States, covering an area of 69,898 square miles (181,035 km2), with 68,667 square miles (177847 km2) of land and 1,281 square miles (3,188 km2) of water. It is one of six states on the Frontier Strip and lies partly in the Great Plains near the geographical center of the 48 contiguous states. It is bounded on the east by Arkansas and Missouri, on the north by Kansas, on the northwest by Colorado, on the far west by New Mexico, and on the south and near-west by Texas. Title: Milford Flat Fire Passage: The Milford Flat Fire was the largest wildfire in Utah history. It was started by lightning on Friday, July 6, 2007 at 3:45 pm near Milford, Utah. The fire burned 363,052 acres (567 square miles) and caused large stretches of I-15 to be temporarily closed. Many veteran firefighters had stated this was the fastest-moving fire they had ever seen. Title: Separation of church and state in the United States Passage: Some legal scholars, such as John Baker of LSU, theorize that Madison's initial proposed language—that Congress should make no law regarding the establishment of a "national religion"—was rejected by the House, in favor of the more general "religion" in an effort to appease the Anti-Federalists. To both the Anti-Federalists and the Federalists, the very word "national" was a cause for alarm because of the experience under the British crown. During the debate over the establishment clause, Rep. Elbridge Gerry of Massachusetts took issue with Madison's language regarding whether the government was a national or federal government (in which the states retained their individual sovereignty), which Baker suggests compelled Madison to withdraw his language from the debate. Title: George Mason Passage: George Mason (sometimes referred to as George Mason IV; December 11, 1725 (O.S. November 30, 1725) -- October 7, 1792) was a Virginia planter and politician, and a delegate to the U.S. Constitutional Convention of 1787, one of three delegates, together with fellow Virginian Edmund Randolph and Elbridge Gerry of Massachusetts, who refused to sign the constitution. His writings have been a significant influence on political thought and events, including substantial portions of the Fairfax Resolves of 1774, the Virginia Declaration of Rights of 1776, and his Objections to this Constitution of Government (1787) in opposition to ratification of the constitution. The Virginia Declaration of Rights, which Mason principally authored, served as a basis for the United States Bill of Rights, of which he has been deemed the father. Title: Vermilion, Illinois Passage: Vermilion is a village in Stratton and Elbridge Township townships, Edgar County, Illinois, United States. The population was 225 at the 2010 census. Title: Elbridge Gerry (Maine) Passage: Elbridge Gerry (December 6, 1813 – April 10, 1886) was an American lawyer, who served as a U.S. Congressman from Maine from 1849 to 1851. Title: Two Mile Square Reservation Passage: The Two Mile Square Reservation or Two Mile Square Reserve was a tract of land in Ohio ceded by Native Americans to the United States of America in the Treaty of Greenville in 1795. It was subsequently surveyed in a manner different from surrounding land, and lots sold to settlers. Title: List of counties in Georgia Passage: Counties of Georgia Location State of Georgia Number 159 Populations Greatest: 1,010,562 (Fulton) Least: 1,680 (Taliaferro) Average: 64,845 (2016) Areas Largest: 903 square miles (2,340 km) (Ware) Smallest: 121 square miles (310 km) (Clarke) Average: 374 square miles (970 km) Government County government Subdivisions Cities, towns, unincorporated communities, census designated place Title: Boston Passage: Boston has an area of 89.6 square miles (232.1 km2)—48.4 square miles (125.4 km2) (54.0%) of land and 41.2 square miles (106.7 km2) (46.0%) of water. The city's official elevation, as measured at Logan International Airport, is 19 ft (5.8 m) above sea level. The highest point in Boston is Bellevue Hill at 330 feet (100 m) above sea level, and the lowest point is at sea level. Situated onshore of the Atlantic Ocean, Boston is the only state capital in the contiguous United States with an oceanic coastline. Title: Saint Thomas, U.S. Virgin Islands Passage: Saint Thomas (Danish: Sankt Thomas) is one of the Virgin Islands in the Caribbean Sea and, together with Saint John, Water Island and Saint Croix, a former Danish colony, form a county and constituent district of the United States Virgin Islands (USVI), an unincorporated territory of the United States. Located on the island is the territorial capital and port of Charlotte Amalie. As of the 2010 census, the population of Saint Thomas was 51,634 about 48.5% of the US Virgin Islands total. The district has a land area of 32 square miles (83 km).	[ "Massachusetts", "Separation of church and state in the United States" ]
Who is the present food minister of the leading coffee producing state in India?	Zameer Ahmed Khan	[]	Title: Minister of Finance (India) Passage: The first Finance Minister of independent India was R.K. Shanmukham Chetty, who also presented its first Budget. The incumbent Arun Jaitley, of the Bharatiya Janata Party, has held office since 26 May 2014. As of September 2017, Morarji Desai has presented 10 budgets which is the highest followed by P Chidambaram's 9 and Pranab Mukherjee's 8. Yashwant Sinha, Yashwantrao Chavan and C.D. Deshmukh have presented 7 budgets each while Manmohan Singh and T.T. Krishnamachari have presented 6 budgets. As of February 2018, four Finance Ministers have gone on to become the Prime Minister who are: Morarji Desai, Charan Singh, V.P. Singh and Manmohan Singh. Title: Union budget of India Passage: Also again in 2017, departing from the colonial - era tradition of presenting the Union Budget on the last working day of February, Minister of Finance (India) Arun Jaitley, in the NDA government (led by Bharatiya Janata Party) of Narendra Modi government announced that it will now be presented on 1 February. Additionally Rail Budget, presented separately for 92 Years, merged with union budget. Title: Government of India Passage: The executive power is vested mainly in the President of India, as per Article 53 (1) of the constitution. The president has all constitutional powers and exercises them directly or through officers subordinate to him as per the aforesaid Article 53 (1). The president is to act in accordance with aid and advice tendered by the prime minister, who leads the council of ministers as described in Article 74 of the Constitution of India. Title: Freshness Burger Passage: Freshness Burger, often referred to simply as Freshness, is a fast food restaurant from Japan. Founded in 1992, it sells hamburgers, sandwiches, salads, and coffee drinks. It advertises itself as "Fresh and Organic," operating under the slogan "Freshness Food, Freshness Serving, Freshness People, Freshness Planet," which is displayed in English. There are several vegetarian items on the menu. It presently operates 189 locations in Japan. Title: Union budget of India Passage: The Union Budget of India, also referred to as the Annual Financial Statement in the Article 112 of the Constitution of India, is the annual budget of the Republic of India. The Government presents it on the first day of February so that it could be materialized before the commencement of new financial year in April. Till 2016 it was presented on the last working day of February by the Finance Minister of India in Parliament. The budget, which is presented by means of the Finance bill and the Appropriation bill has to be passed by both the Houses before it can come into effect from April 1, the start of India's financial year. Title: Coffee Passage: Top ten green coffee producers in 2014 Rank Country Teragrams Brazil 2.8 Vietnam 1.4 Colombia 0.7 Indonesia 0.6 5 Ethiopia 0.4 6 India 0.3 7 Honduras 0.3 8 Guatemala 0.2 9 Peru 0.2 10 Uganda 0.2 World 8.8 Title: Pawan Kumar Chamling Passage: Chamling is the longest standing current Chief minister of any state in India and the second longest serving Chief minister after India's independence, behind Jyoti Basu. Prior to establishing the Sikkim Democratic Front, Chamling served as Minister for Industries, Information and Public Relations from 1989 to 1992 in the Nar Bahadur Bhandari cabinet. Title: Manturam Pakhira Passage: Manturam Pakhira is an All India Trinamool Congress politician and a minister of state in the Council of Ministers of West Bengal. He is son of Kalipada Pakhira, he is a social worker. Title: Kantilal Bhuria Passage: Kantilal Bhuria (born 1 June 1950) is an Indian politician and a member of Indian National Congress and was till July 2011 the Minister of Tribal Affairs of the Republic of India. He had been promoted to the rank of cabinet minister in the United Progressive Alliance-2 government, led by the Prime Minister Manmohan Singh in 2009. Earlier, he was the Minister of State in the Ministry of Agriculture and Minister of State in the Ministry of Consumer Affairs, Food and Public Distribution. His successor, the new Minister of Tribal Affairs is V Kishore Chandra Deo, another Congressman. Title: 1946 Cabinet Mission to India Passage: The United Kingdom Cabinet Mission of 1946 to India aimed to discuss the transfer of power from the British government to the Indian leadership, with the aim of preserving India's unity and granting it independence. Formulated at the initiative of Clement Attlee, the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, the mission had Lord Pethick - Lawrence, the Secretary of State for India, Sir Stafford Cripps, President of the Board of Trade, and A.V. Alexander, the First Lord of the Admiralty. Lord Wavell, the Viceroy of India, did not participate in every step but was present. Title: Coffee production in India Passage: Coffee production in India is dominated in the hill tracts of South Indian states, with Karnataka accounting for 71%, followed by Kerala with 21% and Tamil Nadu (5% of overall production with 8,200 tonnes). Indian coffee is said to be the finest coffee grown in the shade rather than direct sunlight anywhere in the world. There are about 250,000 coffee growers in the country; 98% of them are small growers. As of 2009, Indian coffee made up just 4.5% of the global production. Almost 80% of Indian coffee is exported; 70% is bound for Germany, Russia, Spain, Belgium, Slovenia, United States, Japan, Greece, Netherlands and France. Italy accounts for 29% of the exports. Most of the export is shipped through the Suez Canal. Title: Satyapal Singh Yadav Passage: Satyapal Singh is a former minister of state in Government of India. He was minister in the Atal Bihari Vajpayee government from 1998 to 1999 and held the portfolio of food and consumer affairs. He was elected for a third time to Lok Sabha from Shahjahanpur in Uttar Pradesh in 1998 on Bharatiya Janata Party ticket. Title: Minister of Railways (India) Passage: The Minister of Railways is the head of the Ministry of Railways of the Government of India. The railway minister is usually accorded a cabinet rank, and is responsible for Indian Railways, the largest employer in the world. An important responsibility of the railway minister is to present in Parliament the Railway Budget, the Annual Financial Statement of Indian Railways. Piyush Goyal of the Bharatiya Janata Party is the current Minister of Railways, serving since 3 September 2017. Railways Minister (India) Title: Ministry of Consumer Affairs, Food and Public Distribution Passage: The Ministry of Consumer Affairs, Food and Public Distribution is a ministry of India. The Ministry is headed by a minister of Cabinet rank. The current (Cabinet Rank Minister Ram Vilas Paswan. Title: Rashtriya Chemicals & Fertilizers Passage: Rashtriya Chemicals & Fertilizers Ltd. (RCF) is a Public Sector Undertaking (PSU) in India under the Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers of the Government of India, based in Mumbai. RCF is one of the leading producers of fertilizers in India. Title: Prem Chand Gupta Passage: Prem Chand Gupta (born February 3, 1950) was the cabinet minister in Ministry of Company Affairs of India. He is a member of the Rashtriya Janata Dal (RJD) and is an elected Member of Parliament representing the state of Bihar in the Rajya Sabha.He has some involvement in coal scamHe was previously an NRI based in Hong Kong who promoted a factory manufacturing watches in India (Indo Swiss Time) and entered politics later. He lives presently in South Extension, New Delhi. Title: United Arab Emirates Passage: The traditional food of the Emirates has always been rice, fish and meat. The people of the United Arab Emirates have adopted most of their foods from other West and South Asian countries including Iran, Saudi Arabia, Pakistan, India and Oman. Seafood has been the mainstay of the Emirati diet for centuries. Meat and rice are other staple foods, with lamb and mutton preferred to goat and beef. Popular beverages are coffee and tea, which can be complemented with cardamom, saffron, or mint to give them a distinctive flavour.Popular cultural Emirati dishes include threed, machboos, khubisa, khameer and chabab bread among others while Lugaimat is a famous Emirati dessert. Title: Bruno Le Maire Passage: Bruno Le Maire (born 15 April 1969) is a French politician and former diplomat serving as Minister of the Economy and Finance since 2017. He previously served as Secretary of State for European Affairs from 2008 to 2009 and Minister of Food, Agriculture and Fishing from 2009 to 2012. Title: History of coffee Passage: The origin and history of coffee dates back to the 10th century, and possibly earlier with a number of reports and legends surrounding its first use. The native (undomesticated) origin of coffee is thought to have been Ethiopia. The earliest substantiated evidence of either coffee drinking or knowledge of the coffee tree is from the 15th century, in the Sufi monasteries of Yemen. By the 16th century, it had reached the rest of the Middle East, South India (Coorg), Persia, Turkey, Horn of Africa, and northern Africa. Coffee then spread to the Balkans, Italy and to the rest of Europe, to South East Asia and then to America. Title: Government of Karnataka Passage: Minister Chief minister (including portfolios like Finance, Energy, Textiles, Cabinet Affairs, Personnel and Administrative Reforms, Intelligence Wing, Planning and Statistics) H.D. Kumaraswamy Deputy Chief Minister (Home, Bangalore City Development) G. Parameshwara Public Works Department excluding Ports & Inland Transport H.D. Revanna Revenue excluding Muzrai, Skill Development and Entrepreneurship R.V. Deshpande Co-operation Bandeppa Kashempur Medium and Major Irrigation and Medical Education D.K. Shivakumar Forest, Ecology & Environment Department Ramesh Jarkiholi Transport D.C. Thammanna Large & Medium Scale Industries, IT and BT, Science and Technology K.J. George Higher Education GT Devegowda Horticulture and Agricultural marketing Srinivas Rural Development and Panchayat Raj, Parliamentary Affairs, Law, Justice and Human Rights Krishna Byregowda Small Scale Industries AND sugar To be allocated Social Welfare (excluding Minority Welfare), Backward Classes Priyank M. Kharge Municipalities & local bodies, Public Enterprises Ramesh Jarkiholi Urban development (excluding Bangalore), City Corporations (excluding BBMP), Urban Land Transport, KUWSDB & KUIDFC, Housing U.T. Khader Health and Family Welfare (excluding Medical Education) Shivanand Patil Labour Venkataramanappa Primary and Secondary Education, N. Mahesh Textiles HD Kumaraswamy Mujarayi Rajashekar Patil Co-operation Bandeppa Kashempur Food and Civil Supplies, Consumer Affairs, Haj Information and wakf Zameer Ahmed Khan Women & Child Welfare and Kannada & Culture Jayamala Minor Irrigation, C.S. Puttaraju Fisheries and Youth services & Sports Venkataramanappa Agriculture N.H. Shivashankar Reddy Mines and Geology Rajshekhar Baswaraj Patil Animal Husbandry, Sericulture Venkatarao Nadagowda	[ "Coffee production in India", "Government of Karnataka" ]
When did Britain withdraw from the country where Sar is located?	1971	[]	Title: Treaty Passage: The possibility of withdrawal depends on the terms of the treaty and its travaux preparatoire. It has, for example, been held that it is not possible to withdraw from the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights. When North Korea declared its intention to do this the Secretary-General of the United Nations, acting as registrar, said that original signatories of the ICCPR had not overlooked the possibility of explicitly providing for withdrawal, but rather had deliberately intended not to provide for it. Consequently, withdrawal was not possible. Title: Sar Qanat-e Qobad Chenar Passage: Sar Qanat-e Qobad Chenar (, also Romanized as Sar Qanāt-e Qobād Chenār) is a village in Chenar Rural District, Kabgian District, Dana County, Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 22, in 5 families. Title: Lae Sar Passage: Lae Sar (; translated Deceive or Tricky) is a 2006 Myanmar comedy drama film directed by Thein Maung (Phoenix), who is mainly involved in directing TV commercials. Title: Sar Anbar Passage: Sar Anbar (, also Romanized as Sar Anbār; also known as Sar Anbār-e Kāshgelī) is a village in Susan-e Gharbi Rural District, Susan District, Izeh County, Khuzestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 54, in 7 families. Title: Sufian Sar Passage: Sufian Sar (, also Romanized as Şūfīān Sar; also known as Sūfūn Sar) is a village in Deylaman Rural District, Deylaman District, Siahkal County, Gilan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 12, in 4 families. Title: Tarsar Lake Passage: The Tarsar Lake or Tar Sar is an almond-shaped, oligotrophic alpine lake situated in the Kashmir Valley, specifically in Aru, Anantnag district, Jammu and Kashmir, India. Title: Eurovision Song Contest 2018 Passage: The EBU announced on 7 November 2017 that forty - two countries would participate in the contest. Russia confirmed their return after withdrawing from the previous edition, while Macedonia's participation was provisionally blocked by the EBU due to unpaid debts by its national broadcaster. However, ten days later, the EBU announced that Macedonia would be allowed to enter the contest, raising the number of participating countries to forty - three, equaling the highest number of participants with the 2008 and 2011 editions. Title: School for Advanced Research Passage: The School for Advanced Research (SAR), until 2007 known as the School of American Research and founded in 1907 as the School for American Archaeology (SAA), is an advanced research center located in Santa Fe, New Mexico, USA. Since 1967, the scope of the school's activities has embraced a global perspective through programs to encourage advanced scholarship in anthropology and related social science disciplines and the humanities, and to facilitate the work of Native American scholars and artists. SAR offers residential fellowships for artists and scholars, and it publishes academic and popular non-fiction books through SAR Press. Title: Georg Ossian Sars Passage: Georg Ossian Sars was born on 20 April 1837 in Kinn, Norway (now part of Flora), the son of Pastor Michael Sars and Maren Sars; the historian Ernst Sars was his elder brother, and the singer Eva Nansen was his younger sister. He grew up in Manger, Hordaland, where his father was the local priest. He studied from 1852 to 1854 at Bergen Cathedral School, from 1854 at Christiania Cathedral School, and joined the university at Christiana (now the University of Oslo) in 1857. He indulged his interest in natural history while studying medicine; having collected water fleas in local lakes with Wilhelm Lilljeborg's works, he discovered new species, and this resulted in his first scientific publication. Georg Ossian Sars had a good memory and excellent drawing skills, and illustrated some of his father's zoological works. Title: Sar Bard Lakla Passage: Sar Bard Lakla (, also Romanized as Sar Bard Laḵlā) is a village in Darreh Kayad Rural District, Sardasht District, Dezful County, Khuzestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 57, in 11 families. Title: St. Christopher's School, Bahrain Passage: St Christopher's School is a British private school located in Isa Town, Bahrain (senior campus) and Sar, Bahrain (infant and junior campuses), offering British curriculum education. It offers primary to secondary education ranging from reception to Sixth form. Students sit GCSE and A-level examinations. Title: Sar Gajk Passage: Sar Gajk (; also known as Sar Gajg, Sargojg, and Sargovājag) is a village in Dar Pahn Rural District, Senderk District, Minab County, Hormozgan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its existence was noted, but its population was not reported. Title: Cape Government Railways Passage: The Cape Government Railways (CGR) was the government-owned railway operator in the Cape Colony from 1874 until the creation of the South African Railways (SAR) in 1910. Title: Premier League Golden Glove Passage: Čech set the record for matches without conceding a goal in a single season -- with 24 -- to win the inaugural award in 2005. During the 2008 -- 09 season, Edwin van der Sar surpassed Čech's previous record of 10 consecutive clean sheets by reaching 14. During his streak, Van der Sar went 1,311 minutes without conceding a goal. In the process, he broke Čech's Premier League record (1,025 minutes), Steve Death's Football League record (1,103 minutes) and the all - time league record in Britain (1,155 minutes) for most consecutive scoreless minutes. Manchester United keeper David de Gea is the winner for the 2017 -- 18 season. Title: Cameroon Passage: Its foreign policy closely follows that of its main ally, France (one of its former colonial rulers). Cameroon relies heavily on France for its defence, although military spending is high in comparison to other sectors of government.President Biya has engaged in a decades-long clash with the government of Nigeria over possession of the oil-rich Bakassi peninsula. Cameroon and Nigeria share a 1,000-mile (1 600 km) border and have disputed the sovereignty of the Bakassi peninsula. In 1994 Cameroon petitioned the International Court of Justice to resolve the dispute. The two countries attempted to establish a cease-fire in 1996, however, fighting continued for years. In 2002, the ICJ ruled that the Anglo-German Agreement of 1913 gave sovereignty to Cameroon. The ruling called for a withdrawal by both countries and denied the request by Cameroon for compensation due to Nigeria's long-term occupation. By 2004, Nigeria had failed to meet the deadline to handover the peninsula. A UN-mediated summit in June 2006 facilitated an agreement for Nigeria to withdraw from the region and both leaders signed the Greentree Agreement. The withdrawal and handover of control was completed by August 2006. Title: Sar Estakhr Kordabad Passage: Sar Estakhr Kordabad (, also Romanized as Sar Estakhr Kordābād) is a village in Montazeriyeh Rural District, in the Central District of Tabas County, South Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its existence was noted, but its population was not reported. Title: British Empire Passage: Britain's remaining colonies in Africa, except for self-governing Southern Rhodesia, were all granted independence by 1968. British withdrawal from the southern and eastern parts of Africa was not a peaceful process. Kenyan independence was preceded by the eight-year Mau Mau Uprising. In Rhodesia, the 1965 Unilateral Declaration of Independence by the white minority resulted in a civil war that lasted until the Lancaster House Agreement of 1979, which set the terms for recognised independence in 1980, as the new nation of Zimbabwe. Title: Sar Gerik Passage: Sar Gerik (, also Romanized as Sar Gerīk and Sar Gerig) is a village in Binalud Rural District, in the Central District of Nishapur County, Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 49, in 10 families. Title: British Empire Passage: While the Suez Crisis caused British power in the Middle East to weaken, it did not collapse. Britain again deployed its armed forces to the region, intervening in Oman (1957), Jordan (1958) and Kuwait (1961), though on these occasions with American approval, as the new Prime Minister Harold Macmillan's foreign policy was to remain firmly aligned with the United States. Britain maintained a military presence in the Middle East for another decade. In January 1968, a few weeks after the devaluation of the pound, Prime Minister Harold Wilson and his Defence Secretary Denis Healey announced that British troops would be withdrawn from major military bases East of Suez, which included the ones in the Middle East, and primarily from Malaysia and Singapore. The British withdrew from Aden in 1967, Bahrain in 1971, and Maldives in 1976. Title: Sar Maleh Passage: Sar Maleh (; also known as Zīr Maleh and Zīrmoleh) is a village in Poshtkuh Rural District, Bushkan District, Dashtestan County, Bushehr Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 84, in 19 families.	[ "St. Christopher's School, Bahrain", "British Empire" ]
When did the first fast food restaurant owning Hamburger University open in the country of citizenship of the author of Judgement of Martin Bucer Concerning Divorce?	1974	[]	Title: Reinhard Baumeister Passage: Reinhard Baumeister (19 March 1833 in Hamburg – 11 February 1917 in Karlsruhe) was a German engineer and urban planner, the author of one of the earliest texts on urban planning "Stadterweiterungen in technischer, baupolizeilicher und Wirtschaftlicher Beziehung " (Town extensions: their links with technical and economic concerns and with building regulations) published in 1876. It was used as a textbook at the first urban planning course in Germany, at the college of technology in Aachen in 1880. An early translation of one of his writings into English was "The Cleaning and Sewerage of Cities" published in New York in 1891. Title: Messehallen (Hamburg U-Bahn station) Passage: Messehallen is a metro station located at Messe and Congress Center Hamburg on the border of the two Hamburg districts St. Pauli and Neustadt. The station was opened in 1970, and is served by Hamburg U-Bahn line U2. Title: Zoological Garden of Hamburg Passage: The Zoological Garden of Hamburg (German: "Zoologischer Garten zu Hamburg") was a zoo in Hamburg, Germany that operated from 1863 until 1930. Its aquarium, which opened in 1864, was among the first in the world. Title: Lutterothstraße (Hamburg U-Bahn station) Passage: Lutterothstraße is a metro station on the Hamburg U-Bahn line U2. The underground station was opened in May 1965 and is located in the Hamburg district of Eimsbüttel, Germany. Eimsbüttel is center of the Hamburg borough of Eimsbüttel. Title: Judgement of Martin Bucer Concerning Divorce Passage: Judgement of Martin Bucer by John Milton was published on 15 July 1644. The work consists mostly of Milton's translations of pro-divorce arguments from Martin Bucer's "De Regno Christi". By finding support for his views among orthodox writers, Milton hoped to sway the members of Parliament Protestant ministers who had condemned him. Title: John Milton Passage: John Milton (9 December 16088 November 1674) was an English poet, polemicist, man of letters, and civil servant for the Commonwealth of England under its Council of State and later under Oliver Cromwell. He wrote at a time of religious flux and political upheaval, and is best known for his epic poem "Paradise Lost" (1667), written in blank verse. Title: Protestantism in the United Kingdom Passage: Henry VIII was the first monarch to introduce a new state religion to the English. In 1532, he wanted to divorce his wife, Catherine of Aragon. When Pope Clement VII refused to consent to the divorce, Henry VIII decided to separate the entire country of England from the Roman Catholic Church. The Pope had no more authority over the people of England. This parting of ways opened the door for Protestantism to enter the country. Title: Helmut Thielicke Passage: Helmut Thielicke (4 December 1908 in Wuppertal – 5 March 1986 in Hamburg) was a German Protestant theologian and rector of the University of Hamburg from 1960 to 1978. Title: Emilienstraße (Hamburg U-Bahn station) Passage: Emilienstraße is a metro station on the Hamburg U-Bahn line U2. The underground station was opened in October 1913 and is located in the Hamburg district of Eimsbüttel, Germany. Eimsbüttel is center of the Hamburg borough of Eimsbüttel. Title: Donal Logue Passage: Donal Logue Logue in 2014 Donal Francis Logue (1965 - 02 - 27) February 27, 1965 (age 53) or (1966 - 02 - 27) February 27, 1966 (age 52) (sources vary) Ottawa, Ontario, Canada Citizenship United States, Canada, Ireland Education Harvard University Occupation Actor Director Producer Writer Years active 1992 -- present Known for Lee Toric (Sons of Anarchy) Sean Finnerty (Grounded for Life) King Horik (Vikings) Harvey Bullock (Gotham) Spouse (s) Kasey Walker (divorced) Children Title: Strasbourg Passage: In the 1520s during the Protestant Reformation, the city, under the political guidance of Jacob Sturm von Sturmeck and the spiritual guidance of Martin Bucer embraced the religious teachings of Martin Luther. Their adherents established a Gymnasium, headed by Johannes Sturm, made into a University in the following century. The city first followed the Tetrapolitan Confession, and then the Augsburg Confession. Protestant iconoclasm caused much destruction to churches and cloisters, notwithstanding that Luther himself opposed such a practice. Strasbourg was a centre of humanist scholarship and early book-printing in the Holy Roman Empire, and its intellectual and political influence contributed much to the establishment of Protestantism as an accepted denomination in the southwest of Germany. (John Calvin spent several years as a political refugee in the city). The Strasbourg Councillor Sturm and guildmaster Matthias represented the city at the Imperial Diet of Speyer (1529), where their protest led to the schism of the Catholic Church and the evolution of Protestantism. Together with four other free cities, Strasbourg presented the confessio tetrapolitana as its Protestant book of faith at the Imperial Diet of Augsburg in 1530, where the slightly different Augsburg Confession was also handed over to Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor. Title: Fast food restaurant Passage: Some historians concur that A&W, which opened in 1919 and began franchising in 1921, was the first fast food restaurant (E. Tavares). Thus, the American company White Castle is generally credited with opening the second fast - food outlet in Wichita, Kansas in 1921, selling hamburgers for five cents apiece from its inception and spawning numerous competitors and emulators. What is certain, however, is that White Castle made the first significant effort to standardize the food production in, look of, and operation of fast - food hamburger restaurants. William Ingram's and Walter Anderson's White Castle System created the first fast food supply chain to provide meat, buns, paper goods, and other supplies to their restaurants, pioneered the concept of the multi-state hamburger restaurant chain, standardized the look and construction of the restaurants themselves, and even developed a construction division that manufactured and built the chain's prefabricated restaurant buildings. The McDonald's Speedee Service System and, much later, Ray Kroc's McDonald's outlets and Hamburger University all built on principles, systems and practices that White Castle had already established between 1923 and 1932. Title: Telman Ismailov Passage: Telman Mardanovich Ismailov (, ; born 26 October 1956) is an Azerbaijani-born businessman and entrepreneur of Mountain Jew origin. Since Azerbaijan does not allow dual citizenship, he holds Russian-Turkish citizenship. He is the chairman of the Russian AST Group of companies, which is active in many countries. Until 2009, Ismailov owned the Europe's then-largest marketplace, Cherkizovsky Market, located in Moscow, Russia. Title: Martin Luther Christian University Passage: Martin Luther Christian University was established in July 2005. The university is named after Martin Luther (1483–1546), the father of reformation. MLCU is the first Christian University in India, that doesn't focus on theological training after more than two centuries of Christian education in the country. In a short span of years, the University has carved a niche for itself in the country for its commitment to providing quality learning and offering a conducive environment for quality academic pursuits. The creation and functioning of the university is in accordance with the University Grants Commission Act, 1956 under Section 2(f). Title: Fast food restaurant Passage: Some historians concur that A&W, which opened in 1921 and began franchising in 1923, was the first fast food restaurant (E. Tavares). Thus, the American company White Castle is sometimes considered the second fast - food outlet in Wichita, Kansas in 1921, selling hamburgers for five cents apiece from its inception and spawning numerous competitors and emulators. What is certain, however, is that White Castle made the first significant effort to standardize the food production in, look of, and operation of fast - food hamburger restaurants. William Ingram's and Walter Anderson's White Castle System created the first fast food supply chain to provide meat, buns, paper goods, and other supplies to their restaurants, pioneered the concept of the multi-state hamburger restaurant chain, standardized the look and construction of the restaurants themselves, and even developed a construction division that manufactured and built the chain's prefabricated restaurant buildings. The McDonald's Speedee Service System and, much later, Ray Kroc's McDonald's outlets and Hamburger University all built on principles, systems and practices that White Castle had already established between 1923 and 1932. Title: History of McDonald's Passage: 1974: On November 13, the first McDonald's in the United Kingdom opens in Woolwich, southeast London. It is the company's 3000th restaurant. Title: Karl Rathgen Passage: Karl Rathgen (December 6, 1856, Weimar - November 4, 1921, Hamburg) was a German Economist. He was the first Chancellor of the University of Hamburg. Title: Brighton International University Passage: Brighton International University - School of Medicine is an institution with final authorization delivered by the Ministry of Education of the Republic of Senegal. BIU is the first University and the first School of Medicine to operate south of the capital of the country, Dakar, in the region of Casamance. There is at least an administrative office in Boca Raton, Florida (United States of America). Title: Glöwen station Passage: The Berlin–Hamburg railway was opened between Berlin and Boizenburg on 15 October 1846 and Glöwen station was opened on the same day. The station was intended from the beginning to serve not only the comparatively small town of Glöwen, but also as a hub for Havelberg and a number of other places. In the years following the opening of the station, two passenger fares were offered on the day to Havelberg, plus a fare on the day to Genthin and even a fare to Rostock. Patronage at Glöwen station in 1847 was in sixth place of the stations of the Berlin-Hamburg Railway after Berlin, Hamburg, Hagenow, Wittenberge and Ludwigslust. Title: Hamburger University Passage: Hamburger University is a training facility of McDonald's, located in Chicago, Illinois. This corporate university was designed to instruct personnel employed by McDonald's in the various aspects of restaurant management. More than 80,000 restaurant managers, mid-managers and owner-operators have graduated from the university.	[ "John Milton", "Hamburger University", "Judgement of Martin Bucer Concerning Divorce", "History of McDonald's" ]
When did the country where the commune of Sopot is located join the Allies in WWII?	23 August 1944	[]	Title: Paisiy Peak Passage: Paisiy Peak (Vrah Paisiy \'vr&h pa-'i-siy\) rises to approximately 550 m in the Delchev Ridge, Tangra Mountains, eastern Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica surmounting Sopot Ice Piedmont to the north and east. Title: Allies of World War II Passage: At the start of the war on 1 September 1939, the Allies consisted of France, Poland and the United Kingdom, and dependent states, such as the British India. Within days they were joined by the independent Dominions of the British Commonwealth: Australia, Canada, New Zealand and South Africa. After the start of the German invasion of North Europe till the Balkan Campaign, the Netherlands, Belgium, Greece and Yugoslavia joined the Allies. After first having cooperated with Germany in invading Poland whilst remaining neutral in the Allied - Axis conflict, the Soviet Union perforce joined the Allies in June 1941 after being invaded by Germany. The United States provided war materiel and money all along, and officially joined in December 1941 after the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor. China had already been in a prolonged war with Japan since the Lugou Bridge Incident of 1937, but officially joined the Allies in 1941. Title: Sopot, Dolj Passage: Sopot is a commune in Dolj County, Romania with a population of 2,001 people. It is composed of seven villages: Bașcov, Beloț, Cernat, Pereni, Pietroaia, Sârsca and Sopot. Title: Tryavna Peak Passage: Tryavna Peak ("Vrah Tryavna", ) is a peak rising to 300 m in the Delchev Ridge of the Tangra Mountains of eastern Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica. The peak surmounts Sopot Ice Piedmont to the north and northwest. The feature is named after the Bulgarian town of Tryavna. Title: Spartacus Peak Passage: Spartacus Peak (Vrah Spartak \'vr&h spar-'tak\) is an ice-covered 650 m peak in Delchev Ridge, Tangra Mountains, eastern Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica. The peak overlooks Sopot Ice Piedmont to the northwest and Strandzha Glacier to the east-southeast. Title: Crimean War Passage: Sevastopol fell after eleven months, and formerly neutral countries began to join the allied cause. Isolated and facing a bleak prospect of invasion from the west if the war continued, Russia sued for peace in March 1856. This was welcomed by France and the UK, where the citizens began to turn against their governments as the war dragged on. The war was officially ended by the Treaty of Paris, signed on 30 March 1856. Russia lost the war, and was forbidden from hosting warships in the Black Sea. The Ottoman vassal states of Wallachia and Moldavia became largely independent. Christians were granted a degree of official equality, and the Orthodox church regained control of the Christian churches in dispute.:415 Title: Vaptsarov Peak Passage: Vaptsarov Peak (Vaptsarov Vrah \vap-'tsa-rov 'vr&h\) rises to approximately 410 m in Delchev Ridge, Tangra Mountains, eastern Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica. The peak has steep and ice free western slopes, and surmounts Ihtiman Hook to the northwest and Sopot Ice Piedmont to the east, north and west. Title: Great power Passage: When World War II started in 1939, it divided the world into two alliances—the Allies (the United Kingdom and France at first in Europe, China in Asia since 1937, followed in 1941 by the Soviet Union, the United States); and the Axis powers consisting of Germany, Italy and Japan.[nb 1] During World War II, the United States, United Kingdom, and Soviet Union controlled Allied policy and emerged as the "Big Three". The Republic of China and the Big Three were referred as a "trusteeship of the powerful" and were recognized as the Allied "Big Four" in Declaration by United Nations in 1942. These four countries were referred as the "Four Policemen" of the Allies and considered as the primary victors of World War II. The importance of France was acknowledged by their inclusion, along with the other four, in the group of countries allotted permanent seats in the United Nations Security Council. Title: Romania in World War II Passage: On 23 August 1944, with the Red Army penetrating German defenses during the Jassy -- Kishinev Offensive, King Michael I of Romania led a successful coup against the Axis with support from opposition politicians and most of the army. Michael I, who was initially considered to be not much more than a figurehead, was able to successfully depose the Antonescu dictatorship. The King then offered a non-confrontational retreat to German ambassador Manfred von Killinger. But the Germans considered the coup ``reversible ''and attempted to turn the situation around by military force. The Romanian First, Second (forming), and what little was left of the Third and the Fourth Armies (one corps) were under orders from the King to defend Romania against any German attacks. King Michael offered to put the Romanian Army, which at that point had a strength of nearly 1,000,000 men, on the side of the Allies. Surprisingly, with the Red Army occupying parts of Romania, Stalin immediately recognized the king and the restoration of the conservative Romanian monarchy. (Deutscher, Stalin. 1967, p. 519) Title: Allies of World War II Passage: At the start of the war on 1 September 1939, the Allies consisted of France, Poland and the United Kingdom, as well as their dependent states, such as British India. Within days they were joined by the independent Dominions of the British Commonwealth: Australia, Canada, New Zealand and South Africa. After the start of the German invasion of North Europe until the Balkan Campaign, the Netherlands, Belgium, Greece, and Yugoslavia joined the Allies. After first having cooperated with Germany in invading Poland whilst remaining neutral in the Allied - Axis conflict, the Soviet Union perforce joined the Allies in June 1941 after being invaded by Germany. The United States provided war materiel and money all along, and officially joined in December 1941 after the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor. China had already been in a prolonged war with Japan since the Marco Polo Bridge Incident of 1937, but officially joined the Allies in 1941. Title: Allies of World War II Passage: The Allies of World War II, called the United Nations from the 1 January 1942 declaration, were the countries that together opposed the Axis powers during the Second World War (1939 -- 1945). The Allies promoted the alliance as seeking to stop German, Japanese and Italian aggression. Title: Günter Luther Passage: Günter Luther (17 March 1922 – 31 May 1997) was a German admiral who became Inspector of the Navy and Deputy Supreme Allied Commander Europe for NATO. During World War II, he served as a military pilot in the Kriegsmarine and a paratrooper in the Luftwaffe. After the war, he joined the newly founded West German "Bundesmarine" in 1956. Title: Constantin Sănătescu Passage: Constantin Sănătescu (14 January 1885, Craiova – 8 November 1947, Bucharest) was a Romanian statesman who served as the 44th Prime Minister of Romania after the 23 August 1944 coup, through which Romania left the Axis Powers and joined the Allies. Title: KP Sopot Passage: KP Sopot is a Polish football club based in Sopot, in the Pomeranian Voivodeship of northern Poland. In the 2015–16 season, they play in the sixth tier of Polish football, Klasa A, grupa Gdańsk I. In the 2007–08 season, they came through multiple rounds of regional qualification to reach the national rounds of the Polish Cup. Title: Sopot International Song Festival Passage: The Sopot International Song Festival (later called "Sopot Music Festival Grand Prix", "Sopot Top of the Top Festival" from 2012–13 and "Polsat Sopot Festival" in 2014) is an annual international song contest held in Sopot, Poland. It was the biggest Polish music festival altogether with the National Festival of Polish Song in Opole, and one of the biggest song contests in Europe. Title: Sibnica (Sopot) Passage: Sibnica () is a village in the municipality of Sopot, Serbia. According to the 2002 census, the village has a population of 686 people. Title: Sopot Ice Piedmont Passage: Sopot Ice Piedmont (Lednik Sopot \'led-nik 'so-pot\) is situated on Burgas Peninsula, Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica, northeast of Iskar Glacier and north of Ropotamo, Strandzha and Pautalia Glaciers. It extends 7.5 km in east-west direction and 2.4 km in south-north direction, drains the northern slopes of Delchev Ridge east of Delchev Peak and Ghiaurov Peak, and flows northward into Moon Bay between Rila Point to the west and Malyovitsa Crag near Renier Point to the east. Title: Military history of the United States Passage: The War on Terrorism is a global effort by the governments of several countries (primarily the United States and its principal allies) to neutralize international terrorist groups (primarily Islamic Extremist terrorist groups, including al-Qaeda) and ensure that countries considered by the US and some of its allies to be Rogue Nations no longer support terrorist activities. It has been adopted primarily as a response to the September 11, 2001 attacks on the United States. Since 2001, terrorist motivated attacks upon service members have occurred in Arkansas and Texas. Title: American Revolutionary War Passage: Burgoyne's defeat had drastic consequences; France formally allied with the Americans and entered the war in 1778, and Spain joined the war the following year as an ally of France but not as an ally of the United States. In 1780, the Kingdom of Mysore attacked the British in India, and tensions between Great Britain and the Netherlands erupted into open war. In North America, the British mounted a ``Southern strategy ''led by Charles Cornwallis which hinged upon a Loyalist uprising, but too few came forward. Cornwallis suffered reversals at King's Mountain and Cowpens. He retreated to Yorktown, Virginia, intending an evacuation, but a decisive French naval victory deprived him of an escape. A Franco - American army led by the Comte de Rochambeau and Washington then besieged Cornwallis' army and, with no sign of relief, he surrendered in October 1781. Title: World War II Passage: World War II (often abbreviated to WWII or WW2), also known as the Second World War, was a global war that lasted from 1939 to 1945, although related conflicts began earlier. The vast majority of the world's countries -- including all of the great powers -- eventually formed two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis. It was the most global war in history; it directly involved more than 100 million people from over 30 countries. In a state of total war, the major participants threw their entire economic, industrial, and scientific capabilities behind the war effort, blurring the distinction between civilian and military resources. World War II was the deadliest conflict in human history, marked by 50 to 85 million fatalities, most of which were civilians in the Soviet Union and China. It included massacres, the genocide of the Holocaust, strategic bombing, premeditated death from starvation and disease and the only use of nuclear weapons in war.	[ "Romania in World War II", "Sopot, Dolj" ]
What was the original price of a replacement battery from the developer of Logic Studiio?	$99	[]	Title: Xbox 360 Passage: At launch, the Xbox 360 was available in two configurations: the ``Xbox 360 ''package (unofficially known as the 20 GB Pro or Premium), priced at US $399 or GB £279.99, and the`` Xbox 360 Core'', priced at US $299 and GB £209.99. The original shipment of the Xbox 360 version included a cut - down version of the Media Remote as a promotion. The Elite package was launched later at US $479. The ``Xbox 360 Core ''was replaced by the`` Xbox 360 Arcade'' in October 2007 and a 60 GB version of the Xbox 360 Pro was released on August 1, 2008. The Pro package was discontinued and marked down to US $249 on August 28, 2009 to be sold until stock ran out, while the Elite was also marked down in price to US $299. Title: Lithium-ion battery Passage: Lithium - ion battery An example of a Nokia Li - ion battery (used in various mobile phones) Specific energy 100 -- 265 W h / kg (0.36 -- 0.875 MJ / kg) Energy density 250 -- 693 W h / L (0.90 -- 2.43 MJ / L) Specific power ~ 250 - ~ 340 W / kg Charge / discharge efficiency 80 -- 90% Energy / consumer - price 3.6 W h / US $Self - discharge rate 2% per month Cycle durability 400 -- 1200 cycles Nominal cell voltage NMC 3.6 / 3.85 V, LiFePO4 3.2 V Title: Gold Passage: The price of gold is determined through trading in the gold and derivatives markets, but a procedure known as the Gold Fixing in London, originating in September 1919, provides a daily benchmark price to the industry. The afternoon fixing was introduced in 1968 to provide a price when US markets are open. Title: Xbox 360 Passage: At launch, the Xbox 360 was available in two configurations: the "Xbox 360" package (unofficially known as the 20 GB Pro or Premium), priced at US$399 or GB£279.99, and the "Xbox 360 Core", priced at US$299 and GB£209.99. The original shipment of the Xbox 360 version included a cut-down version of the Media Remote as a promotion. The Elite package was launched later at US$479. The "Xbox 360 Core" was replaced by the "Xbox 360 Arcade" in October 2007 and a 60 GB version of the Xbox 360 Pro was released on August 1, 2008. The Pro package was discontinued and marked down to US$249 on August 28, 2009 to be sold until stock ran out, while the Elite was also marked down in price to US$299. Title: Moto E4 Passage: The Moto E4 and Moto E4 Plus are Android smart phones developed by Motorola Mobility. They were released in June 2017. The phones are regarded as being low - budget and having a long battery life. The E4 model has a 2,800 mAh battery and the E4 Plus has a 5,000 mAh battery. The Moto E4 has an 8 megapixel camera, while the Plus version has a 13 megapixel one. Title: Street Rod 2 Passage: Street Rod 2 is a sequel to "Street Rod" developed by P.Z.Karen Co. Development Group and Logical Design Works, based on an original concept by Magic Partners and published by California Dreams for Amiga and MS-DOS. "Street Rod 2" exclusively featured American Muscle Cars, specifically those from GM, Ford, and Chrysler. In December 2012, MK Consultancy, from the Netherlands, acquired the copyright ownership of the "Street Rod" games and re-released "Street Rod 2", as well as the original game and an updated version, as freeware in 2014. Title: Nickel–cadmium battery Passage: An effect with similar symptoms to the memory effect is the so - called voltage depression or lazy battery effect. This results from repeated overcharging; the symptom is that the battery appears to be fully charged but discharges quickly after only a brief period of operation. In rare cases, much of the lost capacity can be recovered by a few deep - discharge cycles, a function often provided by automatic battery chargers. However, this process may reduce the shelf life of the battery. If treated well, a Ni -- Cd battery can last for 1,000 cycles or more before its capacity drops below half its original capacity. Many home chargers claim to be ``smart chargers ''which will shut down and not damage the battery, but this seems to be a common problem. Title: William Sealy Gosset Passage: William Sealy Gosset (13 June 1876 – 16 October 1937) was Head Brewer of Guinness, Head Experimental Brewer of Guinness, and a pioneer of modern statistics. He pioneered small sample experimental design and analysis with an economic approach to the logic of uncertainty. Gosset published under the pen name Student and developed most famously Student's t-distribution - originally called Student's "z" - and "Student's test of statistical significance". Title: TMG EV P001 Passage: The TMG EV P001 is a road-legal electric vehicle developed by Toyota Motorsport GmbH. It is based on a Radical chassis as modified for e-Wolf, with two EVO Electric axial flux motors powered by a lithium-ceramic battery pack. It was developed originally for a customer in 2010. Title: The Logic Factory Passage: The Logic Factory was an award-winning video game development company founded by Jason and Todd Templeman in 1993. The brothers were joined in early 1994 by Thomas Blom to begin developing the demo that would secure initial distribution deals. The company is responsible for "Ascendancy (1995)", a turn-based science fiction strategy game for the PC, The Tone Rebellion (1997), and "Ascendancy for mobile gaming" on the iOS platform (2011). In June 2014, The Logic Factory ceased maintaining its website and after 19 years released the domain which as of January 2018 remains available for purchase. Title: IPod Passage: Apple announced a battery replacement program on November 14, 2003, a week before a high publicity stunt and website by the Neistat Brothers. The initial cost was US$99, and it was lowered to US$59 in 2005. One week later, Apple offered an extended iPod warranty for US$59. For the iPod Nano, soldering tools are needed because the battery is soldered onto the main board. Fifth generation iPods have their battery attached to the backplate with adhesive. Title: Superscalar processor Passage: Except for CPUs used in low-power applications, embedded systems, and battery-powered devices, essentially all general-purpose CPUs developed since about 1998 are superscalar. Title: IPod Passage: iPod batteries are not designed to be removed or replaced by the user, although some users have been able to open the case themselves, usually following instructions from third-party vendors of iPod replacement batteries. Compounding the problem, Apple initially would not replace worn-out batteries. The official policy was that the customer should buy a refurbished replacement iPod, at a cost almost equivalent to a brand new one. All lithium-ion batteries lose capacity during their lifetime even when not in use (guidelines are available for prolonging life-span) and this situation led to a market for third-party battery replacement kits. Title: Ten pence (British coin) Passage: The ten pence coin was originally minted from cupro - nickel (75% Cu, 25% Ni), but since 2012 it has been minted in nickel - plated steel due to the increasing price of metal. From January 2013 the Royal Mint began a programme to gradually remove the previous cupro - nickel coins from circulation with replacement by the nickel - plated steel versions. Title: The Tomorrow People Passage: The Tomorrow People is a British children's science fiction television series, created by Roger Price. Produced by Thames Television for the ITV Network, the series first ran from April 30, 1973 to February 19, 1979. In 1992, after having much success of the replays in America, Nickelodeon requested Price and Thames Television for a new version to be piloted and filmed at Nickelodeon Studios Florida in April 1992, with Roger Price acting as executive producer. This version used the same basic premise as the original series with some changes, and ran until March 8, 1995. A series of audio plays using the original concept and characters (and many of the original series' actors) was produced by Big Finish Productions between 2001 and 2007. In 2013, an American remake of the show by Greg Berlanti, Phil Klemmer and Julie Plec premiered on The CW. Title: Logic Studio Passage: The package contains Logic Pro, Mainstage, Soundtrack Pro, WaveBurner, Studio Instruments, Studio Effects, Apple Loops, Apple Loops Utility, Impulse Response Utility, Compressor, and QuickTime Pro. It also contains 6 content DVDs containing Jam Pack collections, sound effects, surround music beds, EXS24 samples, and impulse response files and a demo content DVD. Title: Silver Style Entertainment Passage: Silver Style Entertainment was a video game developer based in Berlin, Germany, founded in 1993. In 2006, the company was taken over by The Games Company, and became an in-house development studio. Originally, the company developed largely for the PC, but following the acquisition it has shifted its focus to include consoles such as the Xbox 360. Title: Stranger (Hilary Duff song) Passage: "Stranger" is a song recorded by American singer Hilary Duff for her fourth studio album, "Dignity" (2007). It was written by Duff and Kara DioGuardi with the song's producers Vada Nobles, Derrick Harvin, and Julius "Logic" Diaz. Title: Herbrand's theorem Passage: Herbrand's theorem is a fundamental result of mathematical logic obtained by Jacques Herbrand (1930). It essentially allows a certain kind of reduction of first-order logic to propositional logic. Although Herbrand originally proved his theorem for arbitrary formulas of first-order logic, the simpler version shown here, restricted to formulas in prenex form containing only existential quantifiers, became more popular. Title: Lead–acid battery Passage: In the absorbed glass mat design, or AGM for short, the separators between the plates are replaced by a glass fibre mat soaked in electrolyte. There is only enough electrolyte in the mat to keep it wet, and if the battery is punctured the electrolyte will not flow out of the mats. Principally the purpose of replacing liquid electrolyte in a flooded battery with a semi-saturated fiberglass mat is to substantially increase the gas transport through the separator; Hydrogen or Oxygen gas produced during overcharge or charge (if the charge current is excessive) is able to freely pass through the glass mat and reduce or oxidize the opposing plate respectively. In a flooded cell the bubbles of gas float to the top of the battery and are lost to the atmosphere. This mechanism for the gas produced to recombine and the additional benefit of a semi saturated cell providing no substantial leakage of electrolyte upon physical puncture of the battery case allows the battery to be completely sealed, which makes them useful in portable devices and similar roles, additionally the battery can be installed in any orientation, though if it is installed upside down then acid may be blown out through the over pressure vent.	[ "Logic Studio", "IPod" ]
What city borders Andreas Baum's birthplace?	Schwalm-Eder-Kreis	[]	Title: Jiří Baum Passage: Jiří Baum (20 September 1900 – 1944, Warsaw) was a Czech zoologist, museum curator, explorer and writer. He served as the director of the zoological department of the National Museum in Prague and is best known in his field for his 1933 book "Through the African Wilderness" and his 1935 zoological expedition in the Australian outback. In Australia, Baum teamed with Walter Drowley Filmer due to his local expertise with spiders. Title: Latvia Passage: Latvia ( or ; , ), officially the Republic of Latvia (, ), is a country in the Baltic region of Northern Europe. Since its independence, Latvia has been referred to as one of the Baltic states. It is bordered by Estonia to the north, Lithuania to the south, Russia to the east, and Belarus to the southeast, and shares a maritime border with Sweden to the west. Latvia has 1,957,200 inhabitants and a territory of . The country has a temperate seasonal climate. Title: The Magic Cloak of Oz Passage: The Magic Cloak of Oz is a 1914 film directed by J. Farrell MacDonald. It was written by L. Frank Baum and produced by Baum and composer Louis F. Gottschalk. The film is an adaptation of Baum's novel, "Queen Zixi of Ix". Title: Shakadza Passage: Shakadza is a village in Mutale Local Municipality in Vhembe District Municipality in the Limpopo province of South Africa. Shakadza shares borders with neighboring villages "Muswodi", "Mukovhawabale", "Tshokotshoko", "Gundani," and "Tshamutora". The village is divided into four parts: Mavhuvhuni, Tshivhambe, Thondoni 1 and Thondoni 2. Title: Andreas Baum Passage: Andreas Baum (born 5 July 1978 in Kassel) is a German politician and former member of the Pirate Party Berlin, which is a branch of the national Pirate Party. He entered the state parliament of Berlin when the Pirate party won 15 seats in the 2011 Berlin state election. Title: Camille d'Hostun, duc de Tallard Passage: Camille d'Hostun de la Baume, duc de Tallard (14 February 1652 – 20 March 1728) was a French noble, diplomat and military commander, who became Marshal of France. Title: Hansapur, Rapti Passage: Hansapur is a Village Development Committee in Pyuthan, a "Middle Hills" district of Rapti Zone, western Nepal. The village lies to the north east of the district sharing its border mainly to Aargakhanchi. The area is mostly inhabited by Bhramins and other castes too. The village or VDC is prominently a developing area in the district with proper facilities of electricity and communication. The place is well established for ginger (Aduwa) and bee honey (Maha; local). Title: San Gabriel Mountains Passage: The San Gabriel Mountains are a mountain range located in northern Los Angeles County and western San Bernardino County, California, United States. The mountain range is part of the Transverse Ranges and lies between the Los Angeles Basin and the Mojave Desert, with Interstate 5 to the west and Interstate 15 to the east. This range lies in, and is surrounded by, the Angeles National Forest, with the San Andreas Fault as the northern border of the range. Title: Andrea Varraux Passage: Andrea Varraux (born February 7, 1986 in Orlando, Florida) is an American pair skater. With David Pelletier, Varraux won the 2003 Junior Grand Prix event in Croatia and placed fourth in Ostrava. They went on to place seventh at the Junior Grand Prix Final. Pelletier and Varraux are the 2004 US National junior bronze medalists and placed eighth at the World Junior Figure Skating Championships that year. Varraux also competed on the senior level as a singles skater. Title: American Fairy Tales Passage: American Fairy Tales is the title of a collection of twelve fantasy stories by L. Frank Baum, published in 1901 by the George M. Hill Company, the firm that issued "The Wonderful Wizard of Oz" the previous year. The cover, title page, and page borders were designed by Ralph Fletcher Seymour; each story was furnished with two full-page black-and-white illustrations, by either Harry Kennedy, Ike Morgan, or Norman P. Hall. Title: Wicked Witch of the West Passage: The Wicked Witch of the West is a fictional character created by L. Frank Baum as the most significant antagonist in his classic children's novel The Wonderful Wizard of Oz (1900). In Baum's subsequent Oz novels, it is the Nome King who is the principal villain; the Wicked Witch of the West is rarely even referred to again after her death in the first book. Title: Richard Lert Passage: Richard Lert (19 September 1885 - 25 April 1980) was an American conductor of Austrian birth. Born in Vienna, he was the younger brother of stage director Ernst Lert. After graduating with a music degree from the University of Vienna, he took a conducting post at the Opernhaus Düsseldorf in 1910. He left there in 1912 to take a similar position at the Opera in Darmstadt where he remained for four years. In 1916 he married novelist Vicki Baum and that same year joined the conducting staff of the Opern- und Schauspielhaus Frankfurt. Title: Stellbergsee Passage: Stellbergsee is a lake in Söhre, Landkreis Kassel and Schwalm-Eder-Kreis, Hesse, Germany. At an elevation of 356 m, its surface area is 0.014 km². Title: San Diego Passage: The city shares a 15-mile (24 km) border with Mexico that includes two border crossings. San Diego hosts the busiest international border crossing in the world, in the San Ysidro neighborhood at the San Ysidro Port of Entry. A second, primarily commercial border crossing operates in the Otay Mesa area; it is the largest commercial crossing on the California-Baja California border and handles the third-highest volume of trucks and dollar value of trade among all United States-Mexico land crossings. Title: Borders of China Passage: China shares international borders with 14 sovereign states. In addition, there is a 30 - km border with the special administrative region of Hong Kong, which was a British dependency before 1997, and a 3 km border with Macau, a Portuguese territory until 1999. With a land border of 22,117 kilometres (13,743 mi) in total it also has the longest land border of any country. Title: San Lucas AVA Passage: The San Lucas AVA is an American Viticultural Area located in Monterey County, California. It is located at the southern end of Salinas Valley, shares an eastern border with the Chalone AVA, and is bordered on the west by the Santa Lucia Range foothills. The appellation has the largest diurnal temperature variation of any of California's AVAs. There is a current petition to designate the San Bernabe vineyard, located at the region's northern end, as its own AVA. The vineyard is currently the world's largest continuous vineyard. Title: Currie Cup Passage: Team Number of wins Notes Most recent Western Province 34 Four shared 2017 Northern Transvaal / Blue Bulls 23 Four shared 2009 Transvaal / Gauteng Lions / Golden Lions 11 One shared 2015 Natal / Sharks 7 2013 Orange Free State / Free State Cheetahs 5 One shared 2016 Griqualand West / Griquas 1970 Border / Border Bulldogs Two shared 1934 Title: The Wonderful Wizard of Oz Passage: Many of the characters, props, and ideas in the novel were drawn from Baum's experiences. As a child, Baum frequently had nightmares of a scarecrow pursuing him across a field. Moments before the scarecrow's ``ragged hay fingers ''nearly gripped his neck, it would fall apart before his eyes. Decades later, as an adult, Baum integrated his tormentor into the novel as the Scarecrow. According to his son Harry, the Tin Woodman was born from Baum's attraction to window displays. He wished to make something captivating for the window displays, so he used an eclectic assortment of scraps to craft a striking figure. From a washboiler he made a body, from bolted stovepipes he made arms and legs, and from the bottom of a saucepan he made a face. Baum then placed a funnel hat on the figure, which ultimately became the Tin Woodman. John D. Rockefeller was the nemesis of Baum's father, an oil baron who declined to purchase Standard Oil shares in exchange for selling his own oil refinery. Baum scholar Evan I. Schwartz posited that Rockefeller inspired one of the Wizard's numerous faces. In one scene in the novel, the Wizard is seen as a`` tyrannical, hairless head''. When Rockefeller was 54 years old, the medical condition alopecia caused him to lose every strand of hair on his head, making people fearful of speaking to him. Title: The Night Is Young Passage: The Night Is Young is a 1935 American romantic musical film starring Ramon Novarro and Evelyn Laye. The movie is based on a story written by Vicki Baum and directed by Dudley Murphy. Title: India Passage: India (IAST: Bhārat), also known as the Republic of India (IAST: Bhārat Gaṇarājya), is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh - largest country by area, the second-most populous country (with over 1.2 billion people), and the most populous democracy in the world. Bounded by the Indian Ocean on the south, the Arabian Sea on the southwest, and the Bay of Bengal on the southeast, it shares land borders with Pakistan to the west; China, Nepal, and Bhutan to the northeast; and Bangladesh and Myanmar to the east. In the Indian Ocean, India is in the vicinity of Sri Lanka and the Maldives, while its Andaman and Nicobar Islands share a maritime border with Thailand and Indonesia.	[ "Andreas Baum", "Stellbergsee" ]
As of 2017, who was in charge of the country where the village of Strezovce is located?	Aleksandar Vučić	[]	Title: Ministry of Agriculture and Land Reclamation (Egypt) Passage: The Ministry of Agriculture and Land Reclamation of Egypt is a ministerial body in charge of agriculture and land reclamation in Egypt. Title: Pizza delivery Passage: Domino's Pizza is credited with popularizing free pizza delivery in the United States. Pizza Hut began experimenting in 1999 with a 50 - cent delivery charge in ten stores in the Dallas - Fort Worth area. By mid-2001 it was implemented in 95% of its 1,749 company - owned restaurants in the U.S., and in a smaller number of its 5,250 franchisee - owned restaurants. By 2002, a small percentage of stores owned or franchised by U.S. pizza companies Domino's and Papa John's were also charging delivery fees of 50 cents to $1.50, and some of Little Caesar's franchisees charged delivery fees. In 2005, Papa John's implemented delivery charges in the majority of its company - owned stores. Title: Nissan Leaf Passage: The Nissan Leaf (Japanese: 日産リーフ) is a compact five - door hatchback electric car manufactured by Nissan and introduced in Japan and the United States in December 2010, followed by various European countries and Canada in 2011. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) official range for the 2018 model year Leaf is 243 km (151 miles) on a full battery charge. The battery can be charged from empty to 80% capacity in about 30 minutes using DC fast charging. Title: Crimean War Passage: Cardigan formed up his unit and charged the length of the Valley of the Balaclava, under fire from Russian batteries in the hills. The charge of the Light Brigade caused 278 casualties of the 700-man unit. The Light Brigade was memorialized in the famous poem by Alfred Lord Tennyson, "The Charge of the Light Brigade." Although traditionally the charge of the Light Brigade was looked upon as a glorious but wasted sacrifice of good men and horses, recent historians say that the charge of the Light Brigade did succeed in at least some of its objectives. The aim of any cavalry charge is to scatter the enemy lines and frighten the enemy off the battlefield. The charge of the Light Brigade had so unnerved the Russian cavalry, which had previously been routed by the Heavy Brigade, that the Russian Cavalry was set to full-scale flight by the subsequent charge of the Light Brigade.:252 Title: Mass-to-charge ratio Passage: In the 19th century, the mass - to - charge ratios of some ions were measured by electrochemical methods. In 1897, the mass - to - charge ratio of the electron was first measured by J.J. Thomson. By doing this, he showed that the electron was in fact a particle with a mass and a charge, and that its mass - to - charge ratio was much smaller than that of the hydrogen ion H. In 1898, Wilhelm Wien separated ions (canal rays) according to their mass - to - charge ratio with an ion optical device with superimposed electric and magnetic fields (Wien filter). In 1901 Walter Kaufman measured the increase of electromagnetic mass of fast electrons (Kaufmann -- Bucherer -- Neumann experiments), or relativistic mass increase in modern terms. In 1913, Thomson measured the mass - to - charge ratio of ions with an instrument he called a parabola spectrograph. Today, an instrument that measures the mass - to - charge ratio of charged particles is called a mass spectrometer. Title: Electric charge Passage: Charge is the fundamental property of forms of matter that exhibit electrostatic attraction or repulsion in the presence of other matter. Electric charge is a characteristic property of many subatomic particles. The charges of free - standing particles are integer multiples of the elementary charge e; we say that electric charge is quantized. Michael Faraday, in his electrolysis experiments, was the first to note the discrete nature of electric charge. Robert Millikan's oil drop experiment demonstrated this fact directly, and measured the elementary charge. It has been discovered that one type of particle, quarks, have fractional charges of either − 1 / 3 or + 2 / 3, but it is believed they always occur in multiples of integral charge; free - standing quarks have never been observed. Title: Ministry of Tourism (India) Passage: The Ministry of Tourism, a branch of the Government of India, is the apex body for formulation and administration of the rules, regulations and laws relating to the development and promotion of tourism in India. The head of the ministry is Minister of Tourism, a Minister of State (Independent Charge), held by Shri. Alphons Kannanthanam Since September 2017. To promote the GDP of the country indirectly and to have friendly relations with them, The Government of India announced officially a Visa on Arrival status / facility for International Visitors to enter / visit India from 43 countries including United States, Australia, Vietnam, Thailand, Vanuatu, Singapore, Israel, Jordan, Kenya, Russian Federation, Brazil, Finland, Germany, Japan, Myanmar on 27 November 2014 and some more countries to follow soon. Title: The Deck of Cards Passage: ``The Deck of Cards ''is a recitation song that was popularized in the fields of both the country and popular music, first during the late 1940s. This song, which relates the tale of a young American soldier arrested and charged with playing cards during a church service, first became a hit in the U.S. in 1948 by country musician T. Texas Tyler. Title: Republic of the Congo Passage: The Republic of the Congo received full independence from France on August 15, 1960. Fulbert Youlou ruled as the country's first president until labour elements and rival political parties instigated a three-day uprising that ousted him. The Congolese military took charge of the country briefly and installed a civilian provisional government headed by Alphonse Massamba-Débat. Title: United States Postal Service Passage: The official post office was created in 1792 as the Post Office Department (USPOD). It was based on the Constitutional authority empowering Congress ``To establish post offices and post roads ''. The 1792 law provided for a greatly expanded postal network, and served editors by charging newspapers an extremely low rate. The law guaranteed the sanctity of personal correspondence, and provided the entire country with low - cost access to information on public affairs, while establishing a right to personal privacy. Title: Pharmacy Passage: In the United States, there has been a push to legalize importation of medications from Canada and other countries, in order to reduce consumer costs. While in most cases importation of prescription medications violates Food and Drug Administration (FDA) regulations and federal laws, enforcement is generally targeted at international drug suppliers, rather than consumers. There is no known case of any U.S. citizens buying Canadian drugs for personal use with a prescription, who has ever been charged by authorities. Title: Plum pudding model Passage: The plum pudding model is one of several scientific models of the atom. First proposed by J.J. Thomson in 1904 soon after the discovery of the electron, but before the discovery of the atomic nucleus, the model represented an attempt to consolidate the known properties of atoms at the time: 1) electrons are negatively - charged particles and 2) atoms are neutrally - charged. Title: Tesla, Inc. Passage: The Tesla Roadster (2008) was the first production automobile to use lithium - ion battery cells and the first production EV with a range greater than 200 mi (320 km) per charge. Between 2008 and March 2012, Tesla sold more than 2,250 Roadsters in 31 countries. Tesla stopped taking orders for the Roadster in the U.S. market in August 2011. Title: Tuition fees in the United Kingdom Passage: Tuition fees were first introduced across the entire United Kingdom in September 1998 under the Labour government as a means of funding tuition to undergraduate and postgraduate certificate students at universities, with students being required to pay up to £1,000 a year for tuition. However, as a result of the establishment of devolved national administrations for Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland, different arrangements now exist with regard to the charging of tuition fees in each of the countries of the United Kingdom. Title: Tesla Supercharger Passage: Tesla began building the network in 2012. As of December 2017, there were 1,045 stations globally, with 7,496 chargers. The Supercharger is a proprietary direct current (DC) technology that provides up to 120 kW of power per car (depending on circumstances), giving the 90 kWh Model S an additional 170 miles (270 km) of range in about 30 minutes charge and a full charge in around 75 minutes. A software update provided in 2015 to all Tesla cars uses demand information from each Supercharger station to plan the fastest route, if charging will be necessary to reach the destination. Title: Serbia Passage: The President of the Republic ("Predsednik Republike") is the head of state, is elected by popular vote to a five-year term and is limited by the Constitution to a maximum of two terms. In addition to being the commander in chief of the armed forces, the president has the procedural duty of appointing the prime minister with the consent of the parliament, and has some influence on foreign policy. Aleksandar Vučić of the Serbian Progressive Party is the current president following the 2017 presidential election. Seat of the presidency is Novi Dvor. Title: Electric charge Passage: Electric charge Electric field of a positive and a negative point charge Common symbols Q SI unit coulomb Other units elementary charge faraday ampere - hour In SI base units C = A s Extensive? yes Conserved? yes Dimension Title: Southern Europe Passage: Italy became a major industrialized country again, due to its post-war economic miracle. The European Union (EU) involved the division of powers, with taxation, health and education handled by the nation states, while the EU had charge of market rules, competition, legal standards and environmentalism. The Soviet economic and political system collapsed, leading to the end of communism in the satellite countries in 1989, and the dissolution of the Soviet Union itself in 1991. As a consequence, Europe's integration deepened, the continent became depolarised, and the European Union expanded to subsequently include many of the formerly communist European countries – Romania and Bulgaria (2007) and Croatia (2013). Title: Strezovce Passage: Strezovce () is a village in the municipality of Preševo, Serbia. According to the 2002 census, the village has a population of 995 people. Of these, 708 (71,15 %) were ethnic Albanians, 272 (27,33 %) were Serbs, 2 (0,20 %) Muslims, 2 (0,20 %) Macedonians, and 9 (0,90 %). Title: USB Passage: Two types of charging port exist: the charging downstream port (CDP), supporting data transfers as well, and the dedicated charging port (DCP), without data support. A portable device can recognize the type of USB port; on a dedicated charging port, the D+ and D− pins are shorted with a resistance not exceeding 200 ohms, while charging downstream ports provide additional detection logic so their presence can be determined by attached devices. (see ref pg. 2, Section 1.4.5, & Table 5-3 "Resistances"—pg. 29).	[ "Strezovce", "Serbia" ]
What is the name of the airport in the city where WILM is licensed to broadcast?	Wilmington International Airport	[ "KILM", "ILM" ]	Title: WTQR Passage: WTQR (Q104-1 FM) is a country music station licensed to Winston-Salem, North Carolina and serves the Piedmont Triad region, including Greensboro and High Point. Owned and operated by iHeartMedia, the station broadcasts at 104.1 MHz with an ERP of 100 kW. It has studio facilities and offices located on Pai Park in Greensboro, and a transmitter site is located atop Sauratown Mountains near Pinnacle, North Carolina. They are one of three Country music outlets in the market; WPAW and WBRF are the others. Title: WUIN (FM) Passage: WUIN (98.3 FM, "The Penguin") is an American radio station broadcasting an adult album alternative format. Licensed in Oak Island, North Carolina, the station serves the greater Wilmington, North Carolina, area. The station, originally established in 2000, is currently owned by Thomas Davis, through licensee Davis Media, LLC. WUIN features a broad variety of styles including reggae, blues, jazz, Americana, rock, soul and hip-hop. Title: WCCP-FM Passage: WCCP-FM is a Sports Talk radio station operating out of Clemson, South Carolina, under the name "The Roar". The station is licensed by the FCC to broadcast at 105.5 FM with an ERP of 20,000 watts. Its studios are in Clemson, with a transmitter east of Pendleton, South Carolina. Title: WOGR-FM Passage: WOGR-FM (93.3 FM) is an American radio station broadcasting a Gospel music format, licensed to serve the community of Salisbury, North Carolina. The station is currently owned by Victory Christian Center, Inc., and features programming from Salem Communications which is also heard on WOGR in Charlotte. Title: WOXL-FM Passage: WOXL-FM (known on-air as Mix 96.5 FM) is a radio station licensed to Biltmore Forest, North Carolina, United States, the station serves the Asheville area and broadcasts a Hot adult contemporary music format. The station is currently owned by Saga Communications of North Carolina, LLC. Title: WSPA-FM Passage: WSPA-FM is an adult contemporary radio station licensed to Spartanburg, South Carolina and serving the Upstate region, including Greenville and Spartanburg. The Entercom Communications outlet is licensed by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) to broadcast at 98.9 MHz with an ERP of 100 kW. The station goes by the name "Magic 98.9" and its current slogan is '"Today's Lite Rock." Title: Anson County Airport Passage: Anson County Airport is a public airport located three miles (5 km) north of the central business district of Wadesboro, a town in Anson County, North Carolina, United States. It is owned by Anson County. Title: WYAV Passage: WYAV is a Classic Rock radio station licensed to Myrtle Beach, South Carolina and serves the Grand Strand area. The station is licensed by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) to broadcast at 104.1 MHz with an effective radiated power (ERP) of 100 kW. The station goes by the name Wave 104.1 and its current slogan is "Classic Rock Wave 104.1." Title: WPAQ Passage: WPAQ is an Americana, and Bluegrass-formatted broadcast radio station licensed to Mount Airy, North Carolina, serving the Piedmont of North Carolina and the Southside and Southwestern sections of Virginia. WPAQ is owned and operated by WPAQ Radio, Inc. Title: WSME Passage: WSME (1120 AM) is an Eastern North Carolina radio station broadcasting an oldies format. The station is licensed to the town of Camp Lejeune, North Carolina, serving the Jacksonville area. The station is licensed to B&M Broadcasting LLC. WSME also simulcasts via an FM translator (W246CJ), at 97.1 FM. Title: WGAI Passage: WGAI (560 kHz) is a commercial AM radio station licensed to Elizabeth City, North Carolina, serving Elizabeth City and the Outer Banks. It broadcasts a Black Gospel/Christian radio format. WGAI is owned and operated by George Gregory, through licensee Gregory Communications License, Inc. Title: WNOK Passage: WNOK is a CHR radio station licensed to Columbia, South Carolina and serves the Columbia, South Carolina market. The iHeartMedia, Inc. outlet is licensed by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) to broadcast at 104.7 MHz with an ERP of 90 kW. The station goes by the name 104.7 WNOK and its current slogan is "All The Hits." Its studios are in Columbia (west of the Congaree River) and the transmitter is northeast of Columbia in unincorporated Richland County. Title: WILM (AM) Passage: WILM (1450 AM) is a conservative talk radio station broadcasting in Wilmington, Delaware, United States. The station is owned by iHeartMedia. WILM is known as the station where radio and television talk show Joe Pyne developed the confrontational style now standard in radio and TV talk shows. Another well-known WILM personality was Tom Mees (ESPN) who worked at the station in the 1970s. Title: WJYA Passage: WJYA is a Contemporary Christian formatted broadcast radio station licensed to Emporia, Virginia, serving Emporia, Lawrenceville, and South Hill in Virginia and Roanoke Rapids in North Carolina. WJYA is owned and operated by Baker Family Stations. Title: WMNX Passage: WMNX is a Mainstream Urban formatted broadcast radio station licensed to Wilmington, North Carolina and serving the Wilmington Metro area. Title: WERO Passage: WERO (93.3 FM, "Bob 93-3") is a contemporary hit radio music formatted radio station for Eastern North Carolina licensed to Washington, North Carolina, US, targeting the Greenville, North Carolina and Eastern North Carolina areas. It also covers Virginia and South Carolina. Title: WWDM Passage: WWDM is an urban adult contemporary radio station licensed to Sumter, South Carolina and serves the Columbia, South Carolina market. The Alpha Media outlet is licensed by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) to broadcast at 101.3 MHz with an effective radiated power (ERP) of 100 kW from a transmitter east of Fort Jackson. The station goes by the name 1013 The Big DM and its current slogan is "Your #1 Station for R&B". Its studios are located in Columbia. Title: WVOD Passage: WVOD, is a commercial radio station licensed to Manteo, North Carolina serving the Outer Banks of North Carolina which includes Kitty Hawk, Kill Devil Hills, and Nags Head. WVOD broadcasts at 50,000 watts at 99.1 FM and is formatted as an AAA or Adult Album Alternative music station. The station is owned by Jam Media Solutions LLC. Title: Wilmington International Airport Passage: Wilmington International Airport (IATA: ILM, ICAO: KILM, FAA LID: ILM) is a public airport located just north of Wilmington, North Carolina, in unincorporated Wrightsboro, Cape Fear Township, New Hanover County. ILM covers 1,800 acres (728 ha). Title: WXBT Passage: WXBT is an urban contemporary radio station licensed to West Columbia, South Carolina and serves the Columbia, South Carolina market. The iHeartMedia, Inc. outlet is licensed by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) to broadcast at 100.1 MHz with an ERP of 5.9 kW. The station goes by the name "100.1 The Beat". Its studios are in Columbia (west of the Congaree River) and the transmitter is nearby Columbia International University.	[ "WILM (AM)", "Wilmington International Airport" ]
What term is used in the country where Donkmeer is located and the country where Dutch is spoken to refer to an institution like a German Fachhochschule?	hogeschool	[]	Title: Institute of technology Passage: Hogeschool is used in Belgium and in the Netherlands. The hogeschool has many similarities to the Fachhochschule in the German language areas and to the ammattikorkeakoulu in Finland. Title: Institute of technology Passage: Polytechnic schools are distinct from academic universities in Finland. Ammattikorkeakoulu is the common term in Finland, as is the Swedish alternative "yrkeshögskola" – their focus is on studies leading to a degree (for instance insinööri, engineer; in international use, Bachelor of Engineering) in kind different from but in level comparable to an academic bachelor's degree awarded by a university. Since 2006 the polytechnics have offered studies leading to master's degrees (Master of Engineering). After January 1, 2006, some Finnish ammattikorkeakoulus switched the English term "polytechnic" to the term "university of applied sciences" in the English translations of their legal names. The ammattikorkeakoulu has many similarities to the hogeschool in Belgium and in the Netherlands and to the Fachhochschule in the German language areas. Title: Iron Curtain Passage: The use of the term iron curtain as a metaphor for strict separation goes back at least as far as the early 19th century. It originally referred to fireproof curtains in theaters. Although its popularity as a Cold War symbol is attributed to its use in a speech Winston Churchill gave in 5 March 1946 in Fulton, Missouri, German Minister of Propaganda Joseph Goebbels had already used the term in reference to the Soviet Union. Title: Alps Passage: In modern languages the term alp, alm, albe or alpe refers to a grazing pastures in the alpine regions below the glaciers, not the peaks. An alp refers to a high mountain pasture where cows are taken to be grazed during the summer months and where hay barns can be found, and the term "the Alps", referring to the mountains, is a misnomer. The term for the mountain peaks varies by nation and language: words such as horn, kogel, gipfel, spitz, and berg are used in German speaking regions: mont, pic, dent and aiguille in French speaking regions; and monte, picco or cima in Italian speaking regions. Title: Bachelorette party Passage: A bachelorette party, hen (s) party, hen (s) night or hen (s) do, is a party held for a woman who is about to get married. The terms hen party, hen do or hen night are used in the United Kingdom and Ireland, while the terms hens party or hens night are common in Australia and New Zealand, and the term bachelorette party is common in the United States and Canada. The terms stagette and hen party are sometimes used in Canada. It may also be referred to as a girls' night out or kitchen tea (South Africa in particular) or other terms in other English - speaking countries. Other pre-wedding celebrations, such as the bridesmaids luncheon, are often held in lieu of bachelorette parties due to the latter's association with licentiousness in some social circles since the 1980s. Title: Near East Passage: The geographical terms "Near East" and "Far East" referring to areas of the globe in or contiguous to the former British Empire and the neighboring colonies of the Dutch, Portuguese, Spanish and Germans, fit together as a pair based on the opposites of far and near, suggesting that they were innovated together. They appear together in the journals of the mid-19th century. Both terms were used before then with local British and American meanings: the near or far east of a field, village or shire. Title: Dispositif Passage: Dispositif is a term used by the French intellectual Michel Foucault, generally to refer to the various institutional, physical, and administrative mechanisms and knowledge structures which enhance and maintain the exercise of power within the social body. Title: Donkmeer Passage: Donkmeer ("meer" is 'lake' in Dutch) is a lake in Belgium. It is situated in East Flanders in the municipality of Berlare. There are boats and waterbikes for hire. At the north end a fountain is in the lake. Title: Dutch language Passage: Outside of the Netherlands and Belgium, the dialect around the German town of Kleve (South Guelderish) both historically and genetically belongs to the Dutch language. In Northeastern France, the area around Calais was historically Dutch-speaking (West Flemish) of which an estimated 20,000 daily speakers. The cities of Dunkirk, Gravelines and Bourbourg only became predominantly French-speaking by the end of the 19th century. In the countryside, until World War I, many elementary schools continued to teach in Dutch, and the Catholic Church continued to preach and teach the catechism in Flemish in many parishes. Title: Michelle (name) Passage: Michelle is a given name, originally the French feminine form of Michel, from the Hebrew name Michael meaning "Who is like God?". It is now extensively used in English-speaking as well as French-speaking countries. It is also a surname. Title: Dutch language Passage: Old Low Franconian or Old Dutch is regarded as the primary stage in the development of a separate Dutch language. The "Low" in Old Low Franconian refers to the Frankish spoken in the Low Countries where it was not influenced by the High German consonant shift, as opposed to Central and high Franconian in Germany. The latter would as a consequence evolve with Allemanic into Old High German. At more or less the same time the Ingvaeonic nasal spirant law led to the development of Old Saxon, Old Frisian (Anglo-Frisian) and Old English (Anglo-Saxon). Hardly influenced by either development, Old Dutch remained close to the original language of the Franks, the people that would rule Europe for centuries. The language however, did experienced developments on its own, like final-obstruent devoicing in a very early stage. In fact, by judging from the find at Bergakker, it would seem that the language already experienced this characteristic during the Old Frankish period. Title: Dialect Passage: The term dialect (from Latin dialectus, dialectos, from the ancient Greek word διάλεκτος diálektos, "discourse", from διά diá, "through" and λέγω legō, "I speak") is used in two distinct ways to refer to two different types of linguistic phenomena. Title: Mont-Tramelan Passage: Mont-Tramelan is a municipality in the Jura bernois administrative district in the canton of Bern in Switzerland. It is located in the French-speaking Bernese Jura ("Jura Bernois"). While the majority of the population speaks German, the German form of the municipality name, "Tramlingen-Berg", is no longer used. Even though it is in the French-speaking part of the canton of Bern, there is a German public school. Title: Dutch language Passage: In both Belgium and the Netherlands, the native official name for Dutch is Nederlands, and its dialects have their own names, e.g. Hollands (``Hollandic ''), West - Vlaams (`` West Flemish''), Brabants (``Brabantian ''). Sometimes Vlaams (`` Flemish'') is used as well to describe Standard Dutch in Flanders. Over time, the Dutch language has been known under a variety of names. In Middle Dutch Dietsc, Duutsc or Duitsc was used. It derived from the Old Germanic word theudisk, which literarily means ``popular ''or`` belonging to the populace''. In Western Europe the term was used for the language of the local Germanic populace as opposed to Latin, the non-native language of writing and the Catholic Church. In the first text in which it is found, dating from 784, theodisce refers to Anglo - Saxon, the West Germanic dialects of Britain. Although in Britain the name Englisc replaced theodisce on an early age, speakers of West Germanic in other parts of Europe kept on using it as a reference to their local speech. Title: Dutch language Passage: Unlike other Germanic languages, Dutch doesn't have phonological aspiration of consonants. Like English, Dutch did not participate in the second consonant shift. Like most Germanic languages, the Dutch consonant system did not undergo the High German consonant shift and has a syllable structure that allows fairly complex consonant clusters. Dutch also retains full use of the velar fricatives that were present in Proto-Germanic, but lost or modified in many other Germanic languages. Dutch has final-obstruent devoicing: at the end of a word, voicing distinction is neutralised and all obstruents are pronounced voiceless. For example, goede ("good") is /ˈɣudə/ but the related form goed is /ɣut/. Dutch shares with German Final-obstruent devoicing (Du brood [broːt] and German Brot vs Eng bread). Title: Ostfalia University of Applied Sciences Passage: Ostfalia Hochschule für angewandte Wissenschaften (German for "Eastphalia University of Applied Sciences", known as Fachhochschule Braunschweig/Wolfenbüttel until 2009), is a Fachhochschule in eastern Lower Saxony, Germany. The predecessor of the college, Staatliche Ingenieurschule Wolfenbüttel (State Engineering School Wolfenbuettel), was founded in 1928. It merged with two other independent institutions in August 1971. Title: Dutch language Passage: Dutch is one of the closest relatives of both German and English[n 5] and is said to be roughly in between them.[n 6] Dutch, like English, has not undergone the High German consonant shift, does not use Germanic umlaut as a grammatical marker, has largely abandoned the use of the subjunctive, and has levelled much of its morphology, including the case system.[n 7] Features shared with German include the survival of three grammatical genders—albeit with few grammatical consequences[n 8]—as well as the use of modal particles, final-obstruent devoicing, and a similar word order.[n 9] Dutch vocabulary is mostly Germanic and incorporates more Romance loans than German but fewer than English.[n 10] Title: Tablespoon Passage: A tablespoon is a large spoon used for serving or eating. In many English - speaking regions, the term now refers to a large spoon used for serving, however, in some regions, including parts of Canada, it is the largest type of spoon used for eating. By extension, the term is used as a measure of volume in cooking. In this capacity, it is most commonly abbreviated tbsp or T, and occasionally referred to as a tablespoonful to distinguish it from the utensil. The unit of measurement varies by region: a United States tablespoon is approximately 14.8 ml (0.50 US fl oz), a United Kingdom tablespoon is exactly 15 ml (0.51 US fl oz), and an Australian tablespoon is 20 ml (0.68 US fl oz). The capacity of the utensil (as opposed to the measurement) is not defined by law or custom and bears no particular relation to the measurement. Title: University Passage: During the Early Modern period (approximately late 15th century to 1800), the universities of Europe would see a tremendous amount of growth, productivity and innovative research. At the end of the Middle Ages, about 400 years after the first university was founded, there were twenty-nine universities spread throughout Europe. In the 15th century, twenty-eight new ones were created, with another eighteen added between 1500 and 1625. This pace continued until by the end of the 18th century there were approximately 143 universities in Europe and Eastern Europe, with the highest concentrations in the German Empire (34), Italian countries (26), France (25), and Spain (23) – this was close to a 500% increase over the number of universities toward the end of the Middle Ages. This number does not include the numerous universities that disappeared, or institutions that merged with other universities during this time. It should be noted that the identification of a university was not necessarily obvious during the Early Modern period, as the term is applied to a burgeoning number of institutions. In fact, the term "university" was not always used to designate a higher education institution. In Mediterranean countries, the term studium generale was still often used, while "Academy" was common in Northern European countries. Title: Thomas Baumer Passage: Thomas Baumer (born 29 May 1960 in Fribourg (Switzerland) is a Swiss economist and expert for Intercultural competence and Personality assessment. He developed parts of the "prognostic personality and abilities assessment" and coined this term especially within the German speaking countries.	[ "Institute of technology", "Donkmeer", "Dutch language" ]
What show helped launch the career of the performer who wrote the lyrics to Already Gone?	American Idol	[]	Title: Gone Maybe Gone Passage: "Gone Maybe Gone" is the first episode of the sixth and final season of the American television teen drama, "Gossip Girl" and the show's 112th episode overall. Written by series developers Josh Schwartz and Stephanie Savage and directed by Mark Piznarski, the episode was originally broadcast on The CW Television Network (The CW) in the United States on October 8, 2012. Title: Madonna (entertainer) Passage: In September 1993, Madonna embarked on The Girlie Show World Tour, in which she dressed as a whip-cracking dominatrix surrounded by topless dancers. In Puerto Rico she rubbed the island's flag between her legs on stage, resulting in outrage among the audience. In March 1994, she appeared as a guest on the Late Show with David Letterman, using profanity that required censorship on television, and handing Letterman a pair of her panties and asking him to smell it. The releases of her sexually explicit films, albums and book, and the aggressive appearance on Letterman all made critics question Madonna as a sexual renegade. Critics and fans reacted negatively, who commented that "she had gone too far" and that her career was over. Title: Already Gone (Kelly Clarkson song) Passage: "Already Gone" is a song performed by American pop singer-songwriter Kelly Clarkson from her fourth studio album, "All I Ever Wanted". It is co-written by Clarkson and Ryan Tedder, who also produced it. The song was released as the album's third single in August 2009. Lyrically, "Already Gone" is about the breakup of a relationship; the music consists of an arrangement using a piano, drums, and string instruments. Title: Megan McKenna Passage: In May 2017, Megan launched her own restaurant ``MCK Grill ''in Woodford Green. In September 2017 she starred in her own show on ITVBe, There's Something About Megan, which sees her flying to Nashville to attempt a country music career. Title: Marilyn Cotlow Passage: Marilyn Cotlow (born January 10, 1924) is an American lyric coloratura soprano best remembered for originating the role of Lucy in Gian Carlo Menotti's "The Telephone". She sang professionally during the 1940s and 1950s in the United States and Europe, performing with such companies as the Metropolitan Opera. After retiring from the stage, Cotlow taught voice at the Peabody Conservatory and currently teaches privately out of her home. Several of her students have gone on to have successful careers, including Alessandra Marc and Jennifer Wilson. Title: Amazing Stories Passage: Amazing Stories is an American science fiction magazine launched in April 1926 by Hugo Gernsback's Experimenter Publishing. It was the first magazine devoted solely to science fiction. Science fiction stories had made regular appearances in other magazines, including some published by Gernsback, but "Amazing" helped define and launch a new genre of pulp fiction. Title: Cigarettes & Coffee Passage: Cigarettes & Coffee is a 1993 short film written and directed by Paul Thomas Anderson, starring Philip Baker Hall. It tells the story of five people connected through a twenty-dollar bill. The film helped launch the career of Anderson and was used as a basis for his first feature film, "Hard Eight" (1996). Title: Nicolas Cage Passage: At fifteen years old he tried to convince his uncle, Francis Ford Coppola, to give him a screen test, telling him "I'll show you acting." His outburst was met with "silence in the car". By this stage of his career, Coppola had already directed Marlon Brando, Al Pacino, Gene Hackman and Robert De Niro. To avoid the appearance of nepotism as Coppola's nephew, he changed his name early in his career to Nicolas Cage, inspired in part by the Marvel Comics superhero Luke Cage. Title: Mexican Hayride (musical) Passage: Mexican Hayride is a musical with a book by Herbert Fields and Dorothy Fields and music and lyrics by Cole Porter. The show opened on Broadway in 1944. Title: Aaron Swartz Passage: In 2009, wanting to learn about effective activism, Swartz helped launch the Progressive Change Campaign Committee. He wrote on his blog, "I spend my days experimenting with new ways to get progressive policies enacted and progressive politicians elected." Swartz led the first activism event of his career with the Progressive Change Campaign Committee, delivering thousands of "Honor Kennedy" petition signatures to Massachusetts legislators asking them to fulfill former Senator Ted Kennedy's last wish by appointing a senator to vote for health care reform. Title: The Garry Moore Show Passage: The Garry Moore Show is the name for several separate American variety series on the CBS television network in the 1950s and 1960s. Hosted by experienced radio performer Garry Moore, the series helped launch the careers of many comedic talents, such as Dorothy Loudon, Don Adams, George Gobel, Carol Burnett, Don Knotts, Lee Goodman, James Kirkwood, Jr., and Jonathan Winters. "The Garry Moore Show" garnered a number of Emmy nominations and wins. Title: DKW 3=6 Passage: The DKW 3=6 was a compact front-wheel drive saloon manufactured by "Auto Union GmbH". The car was launched at the Frankfurt Motor Show in March 1953 and sold until 1959. It was also named as the DKW Sonderklasse and, following the factory project number, as the DKW F91. From 1958, by which year the car's successor was already being sold and the earlier version had therefore become, in essence, a ‘run-out’ model, it was badged more simply as the DKW 900. Title: What I Did for Love (A Chorus Line) Passage: In the penultimate scene of the production, one of the dancers has suffered a career - ending injury. The remaining dancers, gathered together onstage, are asked what they would do if they are told they can no longer dance. Diana Morales, in reply, sings this anthem, which considers loss philosophically, with an undefeated optimism; all the dancers concur. Whatever happens, they will be free of regret. What they did in their careers, they did for love, and their talent, no matter how great, was only theirs ``to borrow '', was to be only temporary and would someday be gone. But the love of performing is never gone. They are all pointed toward tomorrow. Title: List of Eurovision Song Contest winners Passage: Winning the Eurovision Song Contest provides a unique opportunity for the winning artist (s) to capitalise on their success and surrounding publicity by launching or furthering their international career during their singing years. However, throughout the history of the contest, relatively few of these artists have gone on to be huge international stars. The most notable winning Eurovision artists whose career was directly launched into the spotlight following their win were the members of ABBA, who won the 1974 contest for Sweden with their song ``Waterloo ''. ABBA went on to be one of the most successful bands of its time. Another notable winner who subsequently achieved international fame and success was Céline Dion, who won the 1988 contest for Switzerland with the song`` Ne partez pas sans moi''. Title: American Idol Passage: As one of the most successful shows on U.S. television history, American Idol has a strong impact not just on television, but also in the wider world of entertainment. It helped create a number of highly successful recording artists, such as Kelly Clarkson, Daughtry and Carrie Underwood, as well as others of varying notability. Title: Ang Bagong Kampeon Passage: Ang Bagong Kampeon () was a nationally televised amateur singing contest that aired on Radio Philippines Network (Solar TV) in the Philippines. It was hosted by Bert Marcelo and Pilita Corrales. The television show has launched the careers of several successful singers, notably, Regine Velasquez and Donna Cruz. Title: H. C. Speir Passage: H. C. Speir (October 6, 1895 – April 22, 1972) was an American "talent broker" and record store owner from Jackson, Mississippi. He was responsible for launching the recording careers of most of the greatest Mississippi blues musicians in the 1920s and 1930s. It has been said that, "Speir was the godfather of Delta Blues" and was "a musical visionary". Without Speir, Mississippi's greatest natural resource might have gone untapped." Title: Steven Spielberg Passage: Drawing from his own experiences in Scouting, Spielberg helped the Boy Scouts of America develop a merit badge in cinematography in order to help promote filmmaking as a marketable skill. The badge was launched at the 1989 National Scout Jamboree, which Spielberg attended, and where he personally counseled many boys in their work on requirements. That same year, 1989, saw the release of Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade. The opening scene shows a teenage Indiana Jones in scout uniform bearing the rank of a Life Scout. Spielberg stated he made Indiana Jones a Boy Scout in honor of his experience in Scouting. For his career accomplishments, service to others, and dedication to a new merit badge Spielberg was awarded the Distinguished Eagle Scout Award. Title: Paper Bullets Passage: Paper Bullets is a 1941 American film directed by Phil Rosen and starring Joan Woodbury. It was the first film produced by the King Brothers, launching their career. Title: Los Serrano Passage: Los Serrano is a Spanish television drama comedy which premiered on 22 April 2003 and aired on Telecinco. It tells the story of the Serrano family, who lives in Round Santa Justa No 133, located in the fictional neighborhood of Santa Justa, in the Ribera del Manzanares, in Madrid. The success of the series in Spain and in several other countries in Europe and elsewhere helped launch the career of several young actors and actresses, especially actor and musician Fran Perea, who acts in the series and sings its theme song, "1 más 1 son 7".	[ "American Idol", "Already Gone (Kelly Clarkson song)" ]
Who helped resolve the dispute between Virginia and the US state donating Washington, D.C.?	William R. Day	[]	Title: The Washington Post Passage: The Washington Post is an American daily newspaper founded on December 6, 1877. It is the largest newspaper published in Washington, D.C., the capital city of the United States, and has a particular emphasis on national politics. Its slogan is ``Democracy Dies in Darkness. ''Daily broadsheet editions are printed for the District of Columbia, Maryland, and Virginia. Title: Alley Cat Rescue Passage: Alley Cat Rescue is an organization in Mount Rainier, Maryland, that works to protect cats through rescue, rehabilitation and adoption locally in the states of Maryland, Virginia, and the Washington, D.C., area using trap-neuter-return for feral cats; as well as providing national and international resources for cat caretakers. Title: Embassy of Yemen, Washington, D.C. Passage: The Embassy of Yemen in Washington, D.C. is the Republic of Yemen's diplomatic mission to the United States. It is located at 2319 Wyoming Avenue N.W. in Washington, D.C.'s Kalorama neighborhood. Title: Stamp Act 1765 Passage: The Virginia House of Burgesses reconvened in early May 1765 after news was received of the passage of the Act. By the end of May, it appeared that they would not consider the tax, and many legislators went home, including George Washington. Only 30 out of 116 Burgesses remained, but one of those remaining was Patrick Henry who was attending his first session. Henry led the opposition to the Stamp Act; he proposed his resolutions on 30 May 1765, and they were passed in the form of the Virginia Resolves. The Resolves stated: Title: Oakton, Virginia Passage: Oakton is a census-designated place (CDP) in Fairfax County, Virginia, United States. The population was 34,166 at the 2010 census. Oakton is an affluent community of Northern Virginia. Its center is west of Washington, D.C. Title: Virginia Passage: The most circulated native newspapers in the Commonwealth are Norfolk's The Virginian-Pilot (142,476 daily subscribers), the Richmond Times-Dispatch (108,559), and The Roanoke Times (78,663), as of 2014. Several Washington, D.C. papers are based in Northern Virginia, such as The Washington Examiner and Politico. The paper with the nation's widest circulation, USA Today, with 1.83 million daily subscriptions, is headquartered in McLean. Besides traditional forms of media, Virginia is the home base for telecommunication companies such as GTT Communications and XO Communications. In Northern Virginia, The Washington Post is the dominant newspaper, since Northern VA is located in the Washington, DC metropolitan area. Title: French and Indian War Passage: The war was fought primarily along the frontiers between New France and the British colonies, from Virginia in the South to Nova Scotia in the North. It began with a dispute over control of the confluence of the Allegheny and Monongahela rivers, called the Forks of the Ohio, and the site of the French Fort Duquesne and present-day Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. The dispute erupted into violence in the Battle of Jumonville Glen in May 1754, during which Virginia militiamen under the command of 22-year-old George Washington ambushed a French patrol. Title: Lucy Addison Passage: Lucy Addison (December 8, 1861 in Upperville, Virginia – November 13, 1937 in Washington, D.C.) was an African-American school teacher and principal. In 2011 Addison was honored as one of the Library of Virginia's "Virginia Women in History" for her contributions to education. Title: Geography of the United States Passage: The capital city, Washington, District of Columbia, is a federal district located on land donated by the state of Maryland. (Virginia had also donated land, but it was returned in 1849.) The United States also has overseas territories with varying levels of independence and organization: in the Caribbean the territories of Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands, and in the Pacific the inhabited territories of Guam, American Samoa, and the Northern Mariana Islands, along with a number of uninhabited island territories. Title: Jennifer Safavian Passage: Jennifer Safavian is a graduate of Saint Louis University. In law school she served as a Managing Editor of the Law Review. From July 1997 until March 2000, she worked for the House Government Reform Committee where, in March 1998, she was named Chief Counsel and later named Deputy Staff Director for the Subcommittee on the Census. During her tenure at the Subcommittee on the Census, Ms. Safavian conducted oversight of the Department of Commerce's census operations and participated in negotiations with the Administration to resolve the dispute surrounding the use of statistical sampling in the 2000 census. Prior to government service, Ms. Safavian was in private law practice at Plunkett & Cooney in Detroit, Michigan and Dombroff & Gilmore in Washington, D.C. Title: Alexander Graham Bell Passage: The Bell family home was in Cambridge, Massachusetts, until 1880 when Bell's father-in-law bought a house in Washington, D.C., and later in 1882 bought a home in the same city for Bell's family, so that they could be with him while he attended to the numerous court cases involving patent disputes. Title: Peoples Drug Passage: Peoples Drug was a chain of drugstores based in Alexandria, Virginia, a suburb of Washington, D.C. Founded in 1905, Peoples was subsequently purchased by Lane Drug in 1975, Imasco in 1984, and finally by CVS in 1990, which continued to run the stores under the Peoples banner until 1994, at which time the stores were converted to CVS, marking the end of the use of the Peoples Drug name. Title: Virginia Passage: Virginia has a total area of , including of water, making it the 35th-largest state by area. Virginia is bordered by Maryland and Washington, D.C. to the north and east; by the Atlantic Ocean to the east; by North Carolina to the south; by Tennessee to the southwest; by Kentucky to the west; and by West Virginia to the north and west. Virginia's boundary with Maryland and Washington, D.C. extends to the low-water mark of the south shore of the Potomac River. The southern border is defined as the 36° 30′ parallel north, though surveyor error led to deviations of as much as three arcminutes. The border with Tennessee was not settled until 1893, when their dispute was brought to the U.S. Supreme Court. Title: French and Indian War Passage: Fighting took place primarily along the frontiers between New France and the British colonies, from Virginia in the south to Newfoundland in the north. It began with a dispute over control of the confluence of the Allegheny and Monongahela rivers called the Forks of the Ohio, and the site of the French Fort Duquesne within present - day Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. The dispute erupted into violence in the Battle of Jumonville Glen in May 1754, during which Virginia militiamen under the command of 22 - year - old George Washington ambushed a French patrol. Title: Virginia Passage: Virginia has a total area of 42,774.2 square miles (110,784.7 km2), including 3,180.13 square miles (8,236.5 km2) of water, making it the 35th-largest state by area. Virginia is bordered by Maryland and Washington, D.C. to the north and east; by the Atlantic Ocean to the east; by North Carolina to the south; by Tennessee to the southwest; by Kentucky to the west; and by West Virginia to the north and west. Virginia's boundary with Maryland and Washington, D.C. extends to the low-water mark of the south shore of the Potomac River. The southern border is defined as the 36° 30′ parallel north, though surveyor error led to deviations of as much as three arcminutes. The border with Tennessee was not settled until 1893, when their dispute was brought to the U.S. Supreme Court. Title: Washington, D.C. Passage: The signing of the Residence Act on July 16, 1790, approved the creation of a capital district located along the Potomac River on the country's East Coast. The U.S. Constitution provided for a federal district under the exclusive jurisdiction of the Congress and the District is therefore not a part of any state. The states of Maryland and Virginia each donated land to form the federal district, which included the pre-existing settlements of Georgetown and Alexandria. Named in honor of President George Washington, the City of Washington was founded in 1791 to serve as the new national capital. In 1846, Congress returned the land originally ceded by Virginia; in 1871, it created a single municipal government for the remaining portion of the District. Title: Embassy of Australia, Washington, D.C. Passage: The Embassy of Australia in Washington, D.C. is the diplomatic mission of the Commonwealth of Australia to the United States. The chancery is located on Embassy Row at 1601 Massachusetts Avenue NW, at Scott Circle in Washington, D.C. Title: Stamp Act 1765 Passage: The Virginia House of Burgesses reconvened in early May 1765 after news was received of the passage of the Act. By the end of May, it appeared that they would not consider the tax, and many legislators went home, including George Washington. Only 30 out of 116 Burgesses remained, but one of those remaining was Patrick Henry who was attending his first session. Henry led the opposition to the Stamp Act; he proposed his resolutions on May 30, 1765, and they were passed in the form of the Virginia Resolves. The Resolves stated: Title: Great power Passage: Another important factor is the apparent consensus among Western great powers that military force is no longer an effective tool of resolving disputes among their peers. This "subset" of great powers – France, Germany, Japan, the United Kingdom and the United States – consider maintaining a "state of peace" as desirable. As evidence, Baron outlines that since the Cuban missile crisis (1962) during the Cold War, these influential Western nations have resolved all disputes among the great powers peacefully at the United Nations and other forums of international discussion. Title: Maryland v. West Virginia Passage: Maryland v. West Virginia Supreme Court of the United States Argued November 2 -- 4, 1909 Decided February 21, 1910 Full case name State of Maryland v. State of West Virginia Citations 217 U.S. 1 (more) 30 S. Ct. 268; 54 L. Ed. 645; 1910 U.S. LEXIS 1942 Subsequent history Maryland v. West Virginia, 225 U.S. 1 (1912) Holding West Virginia's border extends to the low - water mark on the south bank of the Potomac River; Boundary disputes should be adjusted according to prescription and equity to least disturb private rights and titles Court membership Chief Justice Melville Fuller Associate Justices John M. Harlan David J. Brewer Edward D. White Rufus W. Peckham Joseph McKenna Oliver W. Holmes, Jr. William R. Day William H. Moody Case opinions Majority Day, joined by unanimous	[ "Geography of the United States", "Maryland v. West Virginia" ]
What is the highest point in the state where WZYP is located?	Cheaha Mountain	[ "Mount Cheaha" ]	Title: WZYP Passage: WZYP (104.3 FM, "104.3 'ZYP") is a Top 40 (CHR) music-formatted radio station licensed to serve Athens, Alabama, and broadcasting in the Huntsville, Alabama, area. The station is owned by Cumulus Media and also broadcasts in HD Radio. The broadcast signal can be heard throughout all of northern Alabama and much of southern central Tennessee. Its studios are in Athens and its transmitter is in Madison, Alabama. Title: Boistfort Peak Passage: Boistfort Peak, also called Baw Faw Peak is a peak in the Willapa Hills in Washington state. The summit was once the site of a fire lookout and is the highest point in the Willapa Hills. Title: Selapiu Island Passage: Selapiu Island is an island of Papua New Guinea, located immediately south of the corner of New Hanover Island. According to the United States Naval Oceanographic Office, a "cylindrical concrete beacon, surmounted by a pole and a square, high, marks the south edge of the reef that extends from the east extremity of Selapiu Island." Its highest point is . Title: Carpenterville, Oregon Passage: Carpenterville is an unincorporated community in Curry County, Oregon, United States. It is located on the former alignment of U.S. Route 101 known as the Roosevelt Highway (now Oregon Route 255 or the Carpenterville Highway), about 16 miles north of Brookings. Carpenterville was the highest point on the former main coastal highway and the area is known for its views. Title: Mount Grafton Passage: Mount Grafton is the high point of the southern section of the Schell Creek Range in southern White Pine County, in eastern Nevada in the western United States. The summit is located south of the community of Ely. The south ridge crosses into Lincoln County, making it that county's highest point at . Title: Hawaii (island) Passage: Hawaiʻi The Big Island Landsat mosaic, 1999 -- 2001 Location in the state of Hawaii Geography Location 19 ° 34 ′ N 155 ° 30 ′ W / 19.567 ° N 155.500 ° W / 19.567; - 155.500 Archipelago Hawaiian Islands Area 4,028 sq mi (10,430 km) Area rank 75th, largest island in the United States - 1st Highest elevation 13,803 ft (4,207.2 m) Highest point Mauna Kea Administration United States State Hawaii Symbols Flower Red Pua Lehua (ʻOhiʻa blossom) Color ʻUlaʻula (red) Largest settlement Hilo Demographics Population 185,079 (2010) Pop. density 46 / sq mi (17.8 / km) Title: Monniaz Passage: Monniaz is a village in the municipality of Jussy in Switzerland. At 513 metres it is highest place in the canton of Geneva and also its easternmost village. The highest point of the canton (516 m) is located north of Monniaz, near Les Arales (French border). It is also the lowest of the cantons' high points. Title: Cheaha Mountain Passage: Cheaha Mountain / ˈtʃiːhɔː /, often called Mount Cheaha, is the highest natural point in the U.S. state of Alabama. It is located a few miles northwest of the town of Delta in Cheaha State Park, which offers a lodge, a restaurant, and other amenities. Title: Mummy Mountain (Nevada) Passage: Mummy Mountain is the second highest peak of the Spring Mountains in Clark County, Nevada, United States. It is the twentieth highest mountain in the state. The mountain is located within the Mount Charleston Wilderness and the Humboldt-Toiyabe National Forest. Title: Korovin Volcano Passage: Korovin Volcano is the highest point on Atka Island in the Aleutian Islands chain Alaska, United States. Korovin is a side vent to the main Atka shield volcano. However, Korovin is the highest point on the island. Title: Sugar Pine Point Light Passage: The Sugar Pine Point Light was a small lighthouse located on Lake Tahoe, in El Dorado County, California, in the United States. The tower no longer stands, but a small post light marks the site. It is located within the bounds of Ed Z'berg Sugar Pine Point State Park. Title: Yellow River Marsh Preserve State Park Passage: Yellow River Marsh Preserve State Park is a Florida State Park located on Garcon Point, south of Milton, in northwestern Florida. A small parking area, gazebo, and public access point are located on Dickerson City Road. Located on County Road 191, approximately one mile north of the intersection with County Road 281 and along both sides of the highway on Blackwater Bay. Title: Point No Point Passage: Point No Point is an outcropping of land on the northeast point of the Kitsap Peninsula in Washington, the United States. It was the location of the signing of the Point No Point Treaty and is the site of the Point No Point Light. It was named by Charles Wilkes during the United States Exploring Expedition of Puget Sound in 1841. Title: New York (state) Passage: New York covers 54,555 square miles (141,300 km) and ranks as the 27th largest state by size. The highest elevation in New York is Mount Marcy in the Adirondacks, at 5,344 feet (1,629 meters) above sea level; while the state's lowest point is at sea level, on the Atlantic Ocean. Title: Campbell Hill (Ohio) Passage: Campbell Hill is, at 1,550 feet (470 m), the highest point in elevation in the U.S. state of Ohio. Campbell Hill is located within the city of Bellefontaine, 2 miles (3.2 km) northeast of downtown. Title: East Sister (Nevada) Passage: East Sister is the highest independent mountain completely within Lyon County in Nevada, United States. It is located within the Sweetwater Mountains just a short distance north of the highest point in Lyon County on the northeast ridge of Middle Sister. The peak is within the Humboldt-Toiyabe National Forest. Title: Crawford Corners, New Jersey Passage: Crawford Corners or Crawfords Corner is an unincorporated community located within Holmdel Township in Monmouth County, New Jersey, United States. The settlement is located at the intersection of Holmdel Road (County Route 4) and Crawfords Corners Road in the hilly northern portion of the township. The settlement is located about from Crawford Hill, the highest point in Monmouth County. The area also includes the township's town hall, police department, and high school in addition to a New Jersey State Police barracks and the PNC Bank Arts Center off the Garden State Parkway. These buildings and landmarks comprise the eastern section of the settlement, homes and heavily treed lands are located on the west side of Holmdel Road, and Holmdel Park makes up the southern portion of the area. Title: Cape Alava Passage: Cape Alava, in Clallam County, Washington, U.S., is the westernmost point in the contiguous 48 states. The westernmost point is located in Olympic National Park and the Makah Indian Reservation. Title: Tennessee Passage: The highest point in the state is Clingmans Dome at 6,643 feet (2,025 m). Clingmans Dome, which lies on Tennessee's eastern border, is the highest point on the Appalachian Trail, and is the third highest peak in the United States east of the Mississippi River. The state line between Tennessee and North Carolina crosses the summit. The state's lowest point is the Mississippi River at the Mississippi state line (the lowest point in Memphis, nearby, is at 195 ft (59 m)). The geographical center of the state is located in Murfreesboro. Title: Elk Lick Township, Somerset County, Pennsylvania Passage: Elk Lick Township is a township in Somerset County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 2,293 at the 2000 census. Mount Davis, the highest point in Pennsylvania, is located within the township.	[ "WZYP", "Cheaha Mountain" ]
What college did the performer of Heart and Soul go to?	University of Washington	[ "Franklin High School" ]	Title: Barbara Boggs Sigmund Passage: A graduate of Stone Ridge School of the Sacred Heart and Manhattanville College, she taught at the Stuart Country Day School of the Sacred Heart (Princeton, N.J.), which, in honor of her life, now annually awards the Barbara Boggs Sigmund Alumnae Award. Title: Cardiac cycle Passage: The cardiac cycle is the performance of the human heart from the beginning of one heartbeat to the beginning of the next. It consists of two periods: one during which the heart muscle relaxes and refills with blood, called diastole (die - ASS - toe - lee), followed by a period of robust contraction and pumping of blood, dubbed systole (SIS - toe - lee). After emptying, the heart immediately relaxes and expands to receive another influx of blood returning from the lungs and other systems of the body -- before again contracting to pump blood to the lungs and those systems. A normally performing heart must be fully expanded before it can efficiently pump again. Assuming a healthy heart and a typical rate of 70 to 75 beats per minute, each cardiac cycle, or heartbeat, takes about 0.8 second to complete the cycle. Title: Choo Choo Soul Passage: Choo Choo Soul is a children's entertainment act composed of Genevieve Goings and her partner Constatine ``DC ''Abramson, a dancer and beat boxer dressed as a railroad engineer. Title: Fiona Coote Passage: The procedure was performed by the Chinese - Australian cardiothoracic surgeon Dr Victor Chang. The urgency was due to complications of viral - induced tonsilitis, that dramatically weakened her heart. The surgery was performed at St Vincent's Hospital, Sydney. When she later began rejecting the first heart, Coote was forced to endure a second transplant, which took place in 1986. She has enjoyed good health since. Title: Brain Passage: Early philosophers were divided as to whether the seat of the soul lies in the brain or heart. Aristotle favored the heart, and thought that the function of the brain was merely to cool the blood. Democritus, the inventor of the atomic theory of matter, argued for a three-part soul, with intellect in the head, emotion in the heart, and lust near the liver. Hippocrates, the "father of medicine", came down unequivocally in favor of the brain. In his treatise on epilepsy he wrote: Title: Do I Love You (Indeed I Do) Passage: ``Do I Love You (Indeed I Do) ''Single by Frank Wilson B - side`` Sweeter As the Days Go By'' Released 1965 Genre Soul, northern soul Length 2: 31 Label Soul Songwriter (s) Frank Wilson Producer (s) Hal Davis and Marc Gordon Title: Cardiac surgery Passage: Nazih Zuhdi performed the first total intentional hemodilution open heart surgery on Terry Gene Nix, age 7, on 25 February 1960 at Mercy Hospital in Oklahoma City. The operation was a success; however, Nix died three years later. In March 1961, Zuhdi, Carey, and Greer performed open heart surgery on a child, age 3 ⁄, using the total intentional hemodilution machine. Title: Gotta Work Passage: "Gotta Work" is a song by American R&B singer-songwriter Amerie, and is the second international single from her third studio album, "Because I Love It" (2007). It samples Sam & Dave's 1966 song "Hold On, I'm Comin'", written by Isaac Hayes and David Porter and originally recorded by Reuben Wilson. The sample used is from a cover version by Erma Franklin, off her album 'Soul Sister' (1969). Amerie called the sound of the song "'go-go soul'", saying go-go "[is] like really strong black coffee, some people can't ingest it in its purest form." Title: Kenny G Passage: Kenny G attended Whitworth Elementary School, Sharples Junior High School, Franklin High School, and the University of Washington, all in his home city of Seattle. When he entered high school he failed at his first attempt to get into the jazz band but tried again the following year and earned first chair. His Franklin High School classmate Robert Damper (piano, keyboards) plays in his band. In addition to his studies while in high school, he took private lessons on the saxophone and clarinet from Johnny Jessen, once a week for a year. Title: Stampede Entertainment Passage: The partners' previous work includes "Short Circuit" (1986), "Batteries Not Included" (1987), "Short Circuit 2" (1988), "The Land Before Time" (1988), "Tremors" (1990), and "City Slickers" (1991). Stampede Entertainment's first production was "Heart and Souls" (1993), followed by "" (1995), "" (2001), and "" (2004). Title: Djantoeng Hati Passage: Djantoeng Hati (Heart and Soul) is a 1941 film from the Dutch East Indies directed by Njoo Cheong Seng. A tragedy warning against modernity, it starred A Sarosa, Rr Anggraini, and Ariati Title: Cardiac surgery Passage: The first successful intracardiac correction of a congenital heart defect using hypothermia was performed by Drs. C. Walton Lillehei and F. John Lewis at the University of Minnesota on 2 September 1952. In 1953, Alexander Alexandrovich Vishnevsky conducted the first cardiac surgery under local anesthesia. In 1956, Dr. John Carter Callaghan performed the first documented open heart surgery in Canada. Title: Heart Full of Soul Passage: ``Heart Full of Soul ''is a song recorded by English rock group the Yardbirds in 1965. Written by Graham Gouldman, it was the Yardbirds' first single after Jeff Beck replaced Eric Clapton as lead guitarist. Released only three months after`` For Your Love'', ``Heart Full of Soul ''reached the top ten on the charts in the United Kingdom and the United States. Title: Stephen Mulhall Passage: Stephen Mulhall received a BA in Philosophy, Politics, and Economics at Balliol College, Oxford in 1983. He then pursued an MA in Philosophy from The University of Toronto in 1984. Between 1984 and 1988, he attended Balliol College and All Souls College, Oxford for his DPhil in Philosophy. From 1986 to 1991 he was a Prize Fellow at All Souls College and in 1991 he became a Reader of Philosophy at the University of Essex. From 1998 to the present he has been a fellow at New College, Oxford. Title: Lynne Randell Passage: Lynne Randell (born Lynne Randall, 14 December 1949 – 8 June 2007) was an English Australian pop singer. For three years in the mid-1960s she was Australia's most popular female performer and had hits with "Heart" and "Goin' Out of My Head" in 1966, and "Ciao Baby" in 1967. In 1967, Randell toured the United States with The Monkees and performed on-stage with support act Jimi Hendrix. She wrote for teen magazine, "Go-Set", and television programme guide, "TV Week". While on the US tour, Randell became addicted to methamphetamine, an addiction which she battled for most of her life. Title: Heart and Souls Passage: Heart and Souls is a 1993 American fantasy comedy-drama film directed by Ron Underwood. The film stars Robert Downey Jr. as Thomas Reilly, a businessman recruited by the souls of four deceased people, his guardian angels from childhood, to help them rectify their unfinished lives, as he is the only one who can communicate with them. Title: Spanky Wilson Passage: Spanky Wilson (born c. 1947) is an American soul, funk and jazz vocalist, who has performed internationally and recorded several albums since the late 1960s. Title: Rupert Betheras Passage: A brave utility who poured his heart and soul into the Collingwood Football Club, Rupert Betheras was a crowd favourite amongst the Collingwood faithful between 1999–2004, the latter season marking his delisting from the squad, something which continues to irk Collingwood fans. Title: Heart and Soul (Kenny G album) Passage: Heart and Soul is the sixteenth studio album by Kenny G, which was released on June 29, 2010. Kenny and renowned studio master Walter Afanasieff (Christina Aguilera, Michael Bolton, Mariah Carey, Céline Dion, Whitney Houston, Mika, Barbra Streisand) produced and arranged the album. On December 1, 2010, it was nominated for a Grammy for Best Pop Instrumental Album. Title: My Heart Is Calling Passage: "My Heart Is Calling" is a song recorded by the American recording artist Whitney Houston for the 1996 film "The Preacher's Wife". It was released on June 10, 1997, as the third and final single from the accompanying . The song was written and produced solely by Babyface. Musically, the song is an R&B ballad, with gospel music and funk influences, and the lyrics speak about meeting someone special. "My Heart Is Calling" received mainly positive reviews from music critics, who commended Houston's soulful performance. It peaked at number 77 on the United States "Billboard" Hot 100, and number 35 on "Billboard" Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart.	[ "Heart and Soul (Kenny G album)", "Kenny G" ]
When was the last time the birthplace of the So High performer had a hurricane?	August 25 -- 28, 2017	[]	Title: Atlantic hurricane season Passage: Tropical disturbances that reach tropical storm intensity are named from a pre-determined list. On average, 10.1 named storms occur each season, with an average of 5.9 becoming hurricanes and 2.5 becoming major hurricanes (Category 3 or greater). The most active season was 2005, during which 28 tropical cyclones formed, of which a record 15 became hurricanes. The least active season was 1914, with only one known tropical cyclone developing during that year. The Atlantic hurricane season is a time when most tropical cyclones are expected to develop across the northern Atlantic Ocean. It is currently defined as the time frame from June 1 through November 30, though in the past the season was defined as a shorter time frame. During the season, regular tropical weather outlooks are issued by the National Hurricane Center, and coordination between the Weather Prediction Center and National Hurricane Center occurs for systems which have not formed yet, but could develop during the next three to seven days. Title: List of Texas hurricanes (1980–present) Passage: August 25 -- 28, 2017 -- Hurricane Harvey hit the coast near Rockport as a Category 4 hurricane, producing extreme and unprecedented amounts of rainfall in the Houston Metropolitan area. It is the costliest hurricane worldwide with $198.6 billion in damages. Title: Yogi Bear Passage: From the time of the character's debut until 1988, Yogi was voiced by voice actor Daws Butler. Butler died in 1988; his last performance as Yogi was in the television film Yogi and the Invasion of the Space Bears. Title: North Carolina Passage: Severe weather occurs regularly in North Carolina. On the average, a hurricane hits the state once a decade. Destructive hurricanes that have struck the state include Hurricane Fran, Hurricane Floyd, and Hurricane Hazel, the strongest storm to make landfall in the state, as a Category 4 in 1954. Hurricane Isabel stands out as the most damaging of the 21st century. Tropical storms arrive every 3 or 4 years. In addition, many hurricanes and tropical storms graze the state. In some years, several hurricanes or tropical storms can directly strike the state or brush across the coastal areas. Only Florida and Louisiana are hit by hurricanes more often. Although many people believe that hurricanes menace only coastal areas, the rare hurricane which moves inland quickly enough can cause severe damage; for example, in 1989, Hurricane Hugo caused heavy damage in Charlotte and even as far inland as the Blue Ridge Mountains in the northwestern part of the state. On the average, North Carolina has 50 days of thunderstorm activity per year, with some storms becoming severe enough to produce hail, flash floods, and damaging winds. Title: Hurricane Irma Passage: Hurricane Irma was an extremely powerful and catastrophic Cape Verde - type hurricane, the strongest observed in the Atlantic in terms of maximum sustained winds since Wilma and the strongest storm on record to exist in the open Atlantic region. It was the first Category 5 hurricane to strike the Leeward Islands on record, followed by Hurricane Maria two weeks later, and is the second - costliest Caribbean hurricane on record, after Maria. The ninth named storm, fourth hurricane, second major hurricane, and first Category 5 hurricane of the 2017 Atlantic hurricane season, Irma caused widespread and catastrophic damage throughout its long lifetime, particularly in parts of the northeastern Caribbean and the Florida Keys. It was also the most intense Atlantic hurricane to strike the continental United States since Katrina in 2005, the first major hurricane to make landfall in Florida since Wilma in the same year and the first category 4 hurricane to landfall in the state since Charley in 2004. Title: So High (Slim Thug song) Passage: So High is a song by American rapper Slim Thug, released on September 30, 2010, as the second single from his third studio album, "Tha Thug Show" (2010). The song, produced by Nard & B, features vocals from fellow American rapper B.o.B. Title: American Idol Passage: The finals are broadcast in prime time from CBS Television City in Los Angeles, in front of a live studio audience. The finals lasted eight weeks in season one, eleven weeks in subsequent seasons until seasons ten and eleven which lasted twelve weeks except for season twelve, which lasted ten weeks, and season thirteen, which lasted for thirteen weeks. Each finalist performs songs based on a weekly theme which may be a musical genre such as Motown, disco, or big band, songs by artists such as Michael Jackson, Elvis Presley or The Beatles, or more general themes such as Billboard Number 1 hits or songs from the contestant's year of birth. Contestants usually work with a celebrity mentor related to the theme. In season ten, Jimmy Iovine was brought in as a mentor for the season. Initially the contestants sing one song each week, but this is increased to two songs from top four or five onwards, then three songs for the top two or three. Title: List of Carolina Hurricanes head coaches Passage: There have been four head coaches for the Hurricanes team. The team's first head coach was Paul Maurice, who has coached for six seasons. Maurice is the team's all - time leader for the most regular - season games coached, regular - season game wins, regular - season points, playoff games coached and playoff - game wins. Peter Laviolette is the only coach to have won the Stanley Cup with the Hurricanes in the 2006 Stanley Cup Finals. None of the Hurricanes coaches have been elected into the Hockey Hall of Fame as a builder. Maurice was the head coach of the Hurricanes since the firing of Laviolette, but was replaced by Kirk Muller on November 28, 2011. Muller was relieved of coaching duties on May 5, 2014. On June 19, 2014, the Hurricanes named Bill Peters their current head coach. Title: Hurricane Maria Passage: Originating from a tropical wave, Maria became a tropical storm on September 16, east of the Lesser Antilles. Highly favorable environmental conditions allowed the storm to undergo explosive intensification as it approached the island arc. The hurricane reached Category 5 strength on September 18 just before making landfall on Dominica, becoming the first Category 5 hurricane on record to strike the island. After weakening slightly due to crossing Dominica, Maria achieved its peak intensity over the eastern Caribbean with maximum sustained winds of 175 mph (280 km / h) and a pressure of 908 mbar (hPa; 26.81 inHg), making it the tenth-most intense Atlantic hurricane on record. On September 20, an eyewall replacement cycle took place, weakening Maria to a high - end Category 4 hurricane by the time it struck Puerto Rico. Interaction with land further weakened the hurricane, though it regained some strength as it moved northeast of The Bahamas. Moving slowly to the north, Maria gradually degraded and weakened to a tropical storm on September 28. Embedded in the westerlies, Maria accelerated toward the east and later east - northeast over the open Atlantic, becoming extratropical on September 30 and dissipating by October 3. Title: Hurricane Maria Passage: Hurricane Maria is regarded as being the worst natural disaster on record to affect Dominica and Puerto Rico, and is also the deadliest Atlantic hurricane since Hurricane Jeanne in 2004. The tenth-most intense Atlantic hurricane on record and the most intense tropical cyclone worldwide in 2017, Maria was the thirteenth named storm, eighth consecutive hurricane, fourth major hurricane, second Category 5 hurricane, and the deadliest storm of the hyperactive 2017 Atlantic hurricane season. At its peak, the hurricane caused catastrophic damage and numerous fatalities across the northeastern Caribbean, compounding recovery efforts in the areas of the Leeward Islands already struck by Hurricane Irma. Total losses from the hurricane are estimated at upwards of $91.61 billion (2017 USD), mostly in Puerto Rico, ranking it as the third - costliest tropical cyclone on record. Title: This Is Us Passage: Most episodes feature a storyline taking place in the present (2016 -- 2018, contemporaneous with airing) and a storyline taking place at a set time in the past; but some episodes are set in one time period or use multiple flashback time periods. Flashbacks often focus on Jack and Rebecca c. 1980 both before and after their babies' birth, or on the family when the Big Three are children (at least ages 8 -- 10) or adolescents; these scenes usually take place in Pittsburgh, where the Big Three are born and raised. Various other time periods and locations have also served a settings. As adults, Kate lives in Los Angeles, Randall and his family are in New Jersey, and Kevin relocates from Los Angeles to New York City. Title: Hurricane Maria Passage: Hurricane Maria was regarded as the worst natural disaster on record in Dominica and Puerto Rico. The tenth-most intense Atlantic hurricane on record and the most intense tropical cyclone worldwide of 2017, Maria was the thirteenth named storm, eighth consecutive hurricane, fourth major hurricane, second Category 5 hurricane, and the deadliest storm of the hyperactive 2017 Atlantic hurricane season. At its peak, the hurricane caused catastrophic damage and numerous fatalities across the northeastern Caribbean, compounding recovery efforts in the areas of the Leeward Islands already struck by Hurricane Irma. Maria was the third consecutive major hurricane to threaten the Leeward Islands in two weeks, after Irma made landfall in several of the islands two weeks prior and Hurricane Jose passed dangerously close, bringing tropical storm force winds to Barbuda. Title: Hurricane Maria Passage: Hurricane Maria was regarded as the worst natural disaster on record in Dominica and Puerto Rico, and caused catastrophic damage and triggered a major humanitarian crisis in the latter. The tenth-most intense Atlantic hurricane on record and the most intense tropical cyclone worldwide thus far in 2017, Maria was the thirteenth named storm, eighth consecutive hurricane, fourth major hurricane, second Category 5 hurricane, and the deadliest storm of the hyperactive 2017 Atlantic hurricane season. At its peak, the hurricane caused catastrophic damage and numerous fatalities across the northeastern Caribbean, compounding recovery efforts in the areas of the Leeward Islands already struck by Hurricane Irma just two weeks prior. Maria was the third consecutive major hurricane to threaten the Leeward Islands in two weeks, after Irma made landfall in several of the islands two weeks prior and Hurricane Jose passed dangerously close, bringing tropical storm force winds to Barbuda. Title: Tom Terry (meteorologist) Passage: Tom Terry (Meteorologist) (born March 30, 1969) is an American television meteorologist and the Chief Meteorologist at WFTV in Orlando, Florida. Terry was born in Fresno, California but moved to the small town of Wellston, Oklahoma as a small child. His father was in the U.S. Navy and served aboard the USS Gridley (DLG-21), and later owned and operated Terry's Drug Center in Wellston as a Doctor of Pharmacy. Terry's mother taught high school history in nearby Luther, Oklahoma. Terry graduated at top of his small class in Wellston in 1987 and grew up watching TV weather anchors in OKC cover numerous bouts of severe weather, tornadoes, and winter storms. It was at that point where Terry was “hooked” on forecasting the weather and pursuing a career in front of the camera. He grew to prominence during his television coverage and forecasting of Hurricane Charley's path through Orlando in 2004. Terry publicly defied the National Hurricane Center forecast track which still took the center of the hurricane toward Tampa on August 13, 2004. Terry had correctly recognized and forecast the storm's track three hours before the NHC. It proved to be an active year for Hurricanes, as Hurricane Frances and Hurricane Jeanne passed through in the following weeks, giving Terry more time to further his skills at continuous hurricane coverage. Title: 1988 Atlantic hurricane season Passage: Forecasts of hurricane activity are issued before each hurricane season by noted hurricane experts such as Dr. William M. Gray and his associates at Colorado State University. A normal season as defined by NOAA has six to fourteen named storms of which four to eight reach hurricane strength and one to three become major hurricanes. The June 1988 forecast was that eleven storms would form and that seven would reach hurricane status. The forecast did not specify how many hurricanes would reach major hurricane status. Title: Tha Thug Show Passage: Tha Thug Show is the third studio album by Houston recording artist Slim Thug. It was released on November 30, 2010, by his Boss Hogg Outlawz label, distributed by E1 Music. The album was supported by two singles; "Gangsta" featuring Z-Ro, and "So High" featuring B.o.B. Title: Beyoncé Passage: On January 7, 2012, Beyoncé gave birth to her first child, a daughter, Blue Ivy Carter, at Lenox Hill Hospital in New York. Five months later, she performed for four nights at Revel Atlantic City's Ovation Hall to celebrate the resort's opening, her first performances since giving birth to Blue Ivy. Title: International Who's Who in Music Passage: The International Who's Who in Music is a biographical dictionary and directory originally published by the International Biographical Centre located in Cambridge, England. It contains only biographies of persons living at the time of publication and includes composers, performers, writers, and some music librarians. The biographies included are solicited from the subjects themselves and generally include date and place of birth, contact information as well as biographical background and achievements. Title: List of New England hurricanes Passage: October 2 - 5, 2015 -- Hurricane Joaquin, at one point forecast to make a landfall in New England, eventually passed offshore and produced high surf along Cape Cod and Nantucket. Title: J'aime la vie Passage: "J'aime la vie" (, "I Love Life") was the winning song of the Eurovision Song Contest 1986, performed for Belgium by Sandra Kim. Belgium had finished the 1985 Contest in last place, and thus achieved the rare turnaround from last to first in the space of one year. The song also marks the only time to date that Belgium has won the Contest. The song was also released on Kim's album "J'aime la vie" in 1986.	[ "So High (Slim Thug song)", "Tha Thug Show", "List of Texas hurricanes (1980–present)" ]
What forest is by the southern border of the city where Chopin was born and raised?	Kabaty	[]	Title: Kirkburn, Scottish Borders Passage: Kirkburn is a village on the B7062, close to Peebles and the River Tweed, in the Scottish Borders area of Scotland, at the edge of the Cardrona Forest. Title: Ohio River Passage: The river then follows a roughly southwest and then west - northwest course until Cincinnati, before bending to a west - southwest course for most of its length. The course forms the northern borders of West Virginia and Kentucky; and the southern borders of Ohio, Indiana and Illinois, until it joins the Mississippi River at the city of Cairo, Illinois. Title: Buddleja davidii 'Border Beauty' Passage: Buddleja davidii 'Border Beauty' is a cultivar raised by Dutch nurseryman Henry Schiphorst at Wageningen in 1962. 'Border Beauty' was for a time misnamed 'Boskoop Beauty' by some English nurseries. Title: Chernyayevsky Forest Passage: Chernyayevsky Forest () is a forest in the city of Perm, Russia, in Industrialny and Dzerzhinsky city districts. The total area of forest in 2003 was 689.9 ha. The forest is under direction of "Municipal Establishment "Perm City Forestry"". Title: Charles Portis Passage: Charles Portis was born in 1933 to Samuel Palmer and Alice Waddell Portis in El Dorado, Arkansas. He was raised and educated in various towns in southern Arkansas, including Hamburg and Mount Holly. Title: Warsaw Passage: The flora of the city may be considered very rich in species. The species richness is mainly due to the location of Warsaw within the border region of several big floral regions comprising substantial proportions of close-to-wilderness areas (natural forests, wetlands along the Vistula) as well as arable land, meadows and forests. Bielany Forest, located within the borders of Warsaw, is the remaining part of the Masovian Primeval Forest. Bielany Forest nature reserve is connected with Kampinos Forest. It is home to rich fauna and flora. Within the forest there are three cycling and walking trails. Other big forest area is Kabaty Forest by the southern city border. Warsaw has also two botanic gardens: by the Łazienki park (a didactic-research unit of the University of Warsaw) as well as by the Park of Culture and Rest in Powsin (a unit of the Polish Academy of Science). Title: Wonder Mountain Wilderness Passage: Wonder Mountain Wilderness is a designated wilderness area encompassing Wonder Mountain in the Olympic National Forest on the Olympic Peninsula of Washington in the United States. The wilderness comprises bordering Olympic National Park and administered by the U.S. Forest Service. Title: Central American pine-oak forests Passage: The Central American pine-oak forests ecoregion, in the tropical and subtropical coniferous forests biome, is found in Central America and Chiapas state of southern Mexico. Title: Mafadi Passage: Mafadi () is a peak on the border of South Africa and Lesotho. At a height of , it is the highest mountain in the nation of South Africa, but is lower than Thabana Ntlenyana, the highest peak in Lesotho which is, at , the highest point in Southern Africa. Mafadi lies at S 29 12 08.4 E 29 21 25.5 in the WGS84 format. Title: Canada Passage: Canada (French: (kanadɑ)) is a country located in the northern part of North America. Its ten provinces and three territories extend from the Atlantic to the Pacific and northward into the Arctic Ocean, covering 9.98 million square kilometres (3.85 million square miles), making it the world's second - largest country by total area. Canada's southern border with the United States is the world's longest bi-national land border. As a whole, Canada is sparsely populated, the majority of its land area being dominated by forest and tundra. Consequently, its population is highly urbanized, with 82 percent of the 35.15 million people concentrated in large and medium - sized cities, many near the southern border. Its capital is Ottawa, and its three largest metropolitan areas are Toronto, Montreal, and Vancouver. Canada's climate varies widely across its vast area, ranging from arctic weather in the north, to hot summers in the southern regions, with four distinct seasons. Title: M-37 (Michigan highway) Passage: M-37 is a north–south state trunkline highway in the US state of Michigan. The southern terminus is near the border between Kalamazoo and Calhoun counties at exit 92 of Interstate 94 (I-94) southwest of Battle Creek. The northern terminus is at the Mission Point Light on Old Mission Point in Grand Traverse County. In between, the highway connects Battle Creek, Grand Rapids and Traverse City. Motorists will travel through agricultural land, forests, suburbs and large cities along the way. The section of M-37 on the Old Mission Peninsula was designated what is now a Pure Michigan Scenic Byway in 2008. Title: Forest of Halatte Passage: The Forest of Halatte (Forêt d'Halatte) in Picardy is one of the largest remaining blocks of natural old growth forest in France. Situated in the département of Oise near Senlis and Pont-Sainte-Maxence, it currently embraces 43 square kilometers. Together with the Forest of Chantilly and the Forest of Ermenonville it forms the "Massif des Trois Forêts". On the north it borders the Forest of Compiègne. The Forest of Halatte is still a source of oak and beech timber. Title: Frédéric Chopin Passage: Frédéric François Chopin (/ˈʃoʊpæn/; French pronunciation: [fʁe.de.ʁik fʁɑ̃.swa ʃɔ.pɛ̃]; 22 February or 1 March 1810 – 17 October 1849), born Fryderyk Franciszek Chopin,[n 1] was a Polish and French (by citizenship and birth of father) composer and a virtuoso pianist of the Romantic era, who wrote primarily for the solo piano. He gained and has maintained renown worldwide as one of the leading musicians of his era, whose "poetic genius was based on a professional technique that was without equal in his generation." Chopin was born in what was then the Duchy of Warsaw, and grew up in Warsaw, which after 1815 became part of Congress Poland. A child prodigy, he completed his musical education and composed his earlier works in Warsaw before leaving Poland at the age of 20, less than a month before the outbreak of the November 1830 Uprising. Title: Ohio River Passage: The river then follows a roughly southwest and then west - northwest course until Cincinnati, before bending to a west - southwest course for most of its length. The course forms the northern borders of West Virginia and Kentucky; and the southern borders of Ohio, Indiana and Illinois, until it joins the Mississippi River near the city of Cairo, Illinois. Title: Warsaw Passage: One of the most famous people born in Warsaw was Maria Skłodowska-Curie, who achieved international recognition for her research on radioactivity and was the first female recipient of the Nobel Prize. Famous musicians include Władysław Szpilman and Frédéric Chopin. Though Chopin was born in the village of Żelazowa Wola, about 60 km (37 mi) from Warsaw, he moved to the city with his family when he was seven months old. Casimir Pulaski, a Polish general and hero of the American Revolutionary War, was born here in 1745. Title: Cohos Trail Passage: The Cohos Trail is a hiking trail running through northern New Hampshire in the United States, connecting the northern and southern ends of Coos County. It begins at Notchland, near Crawford Notch State Park, and follows a series of trails to the hamlet of Fabyans, then over Cherry Mountain to the town of Jefferson, over Mount Waumbek, along the Kilkenny Ridge Trail to Stark, through Nash Stream Forest to Dixville Notch, and north to the Connecticut Lakes and finally the Canada–US border at the southern edge of Quebec. There it connects with the Sentier Frontalier's trail to Mount Megantic and Mount Gosford in Canada. Title: Rajasthan Passage: The Aravalli Range and the lands to the east and southeast of the range are generally more fertile and better watered. This region is home to the Kathiarbar-Gir dry deciduous forests ecoregion, with tropical dry broadleaf forests that include teak, Acacia, and other trees. The hilly Vagad region, home to the cities of Dungarpur and Banswara lies in southernmost Rajasthan, on the border with Gujarat and Madhya Pradesh. With the exception of Mount Abu, Vagad is the wettest region in Rajasthan, and the most heavily forested. North of Vagad lies the Mewar region, home to the cities of Udaipur and Chittaurgarh. The Hadoti region lies to the southeast, on the border with Madhya Pradesh. North of Hadoti and Mewar lies the Dhundhar region, home to the state capital of Jaipur. Mewat, the easternmost region of Rajasthan, borders Haryana and Uttar Pradesh. Eastern and southeastern Rajasthan is drained by the Banas and Chambal rivers, tributaries of the Ganges. Title: Sierra Madre de Oaxaca pine-oak forests Passage: The Sierra Madre de Oaxaca pine-oak forests is an ecoregion of the Tropical and subtropical coniferous forests biome, in Southern Mexico. Title: Wingello State Forest Passage: Wingello State Forest is a planted forest in the Australian state of New South Wales. It is located in the Southern Highlands between Sydney and Goulburn. The forest is owned by the New South Wales Government and includes pine plantations, hardwood forest and native forests with stands of peppermint, manna gum and stringybarks. It is popular with mountain bike riders. The first radiata pines were planted in this area in Belanglo State Forest in 1919. Today there are around 3,500 hectares of commercial pine plantations in the southern highlands with timber being processed at a local mill. Title: Forest View, Illinois Passage: Forest View is a village in Cook County, Illinois, United States. The population was 698 at the 2010 census. It is primarily an industrial corridor adjacent to the Chicago neighborhood of Garfield Ridge, which is on the village's southern border.	[ "Frédéric Chopin", "Warsaw" ]
When was the Siemans brand opened in the birth city of Irina Kolpakova?	1855	[]	Title: Coral Ridge Mall Passage: Coral Ridge Mall opened on July 29, 1998, with 100% of its floor space leased. It attracted one million visitors in its first 30 days and continues to attract roughly 10 million visitors a year. It also spawned additional retail development at the interchange of I-80 and Iowa Highway 965, now known as Coral Ridge Avenue. Big-box stores such as Kohl's, Lowe's, Dressbarn and a Wal-Mart Supercenter (currently branded as simply Walmart) have opened in the years following Coral Ridge's opening. Title: Kübler Absinthe Passage: Kübler Absinthe Superieure is a brand of absinthe, distilled in the Val-de-Travers region of Switzerland also known as the "birthplace of absinthe". Kübler Absinthe was first produced in 1863 and was the first brand to be sold legally in Switzerland after the national ban on absinthe was lifted in March, 2005. The legalization of absinthe in Switzerland is largely due to Kübler's lobbying efforts. The United States Alcohol and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau (TTB) approved the formula for Kübler Absinthe in 2004, and approved the product for sale in the United States in May 2007 after three years of discussions among Kübler, Food and Drug Administration, TTB, and U.S. Customs and Border Protection. These discussions proved to be instrumental in opening the door for many brands of absinthe to be legally sold or produced in the United States. Title: Starbucks Passage: The first Starbucks location outside North America opened in Tokyo, Japan, in 1996. On December 4, 1997, the Philippines became the third market to open outside North America with its first branch in the country located at 6750 Ayala Building in Makati City, Philippines. Starbucks entered the U.K. market in 1998 with the $83 million USD acquisition of the then 56 - outlet, UK - based Seattle Coffee Company, re-branding all the stores as Starbucks. In September 2002, Starbucks opened its first store in Latin America, at Mexico City. Currently, there are over 500 locations in Mexico and there are plans for the opening of up to 850 by 2018. Title: History of WWE Passage: In April 01, 2002, with an excess of talent employed as a result of having purchased WCW and ECW, WWE needed a way to provide exposure for all of its talent. This problem was solved by introducing a ``Brand Extension '', with the roster split in half and the talent assigned to either Raw or SmackDown! in a mock draft lottery. Wrestlers, commentators and referees became show - exclusive, and the shows were given separate on - screen General Managers. Shortly thereafter, on the June 24, 2002 episode of Raw, Vince McMahon officially referred to the new era as`` Ruthless Aggression''. Later in 2002, after WWE Champion Brock Lesnar announced himself exclusive property of the SmackDown! brand and with the creation of the World Heavyweight Championship, all the championships became show - exclusive too. Additionally, both Raw and SmackDown! began to stage individual pay - per - view events featuring only performers from that brand -- only the major four pay - per - views Royal Rumble, WrestleMania, SummerSlam and Survivor Series remained dual - branded. The practice of single - brand pay - per - view events was abandoned following WrestleMania 23. In effect, Raw and SmackDown were operated as two distinct promotions, with a draft lottery taking place each year to determine which talent was assigned to each brand. This lasted until August 2011, when the rosters were merged and the Brand Extension was quietly phased out. Title: The Simpsons opening sequence Passage: The standard opening has had two major revisions. The first was at the start of the second season when the entire sequence was reanimated to improve the quality and certain shots were changed generally to add characters who had been established in the first season. The second was a brand - new opening sequence produced in high - definition for the show's transition to that format beginning with ``Take My Life, Please ''in season 20. The new opening generally followed the sequence of the original opening with improved graphics, even more characters, and new jokes. Title: 2010 Kentucky Derby Passage: The 2010 Kentucky Derby was the 136th running of the Kentucky Derby. The race took place on May 1, 2010, and was televised in the United States on the NBC television network. The post time was EDT ( UTC). The stakes of the race were US$2,185,200. The race was sponsored by Yum! Brands and hence officially was called Kentucky Derby Presented by Yum! Brands. Title: PKO Bank Polski Passage: Because of its size and position as one of the first banks, PKO Bank Polski is still one of the best recognized and most valuable brands in Poland. Specialists from The Banker magazine estimated the value of Bank's brand at US$1 billion and in Rzeczpospolita "Polish Brands 2010" ranking its value was set at PLN 3.6 billion. In the 2011 edition of ranking "The BrandFinance® Banking 500" prepared by the British firm Brand Finance, which includes the most valuable bank brands in the world, PKO Bank Polski brand was valued at US$1.480 billion. It gives PKO Bank Polski the 1st place in Poland and Central and Eastern Europe and 114th place in the world. Title: Beyoncé Passage: On January 7, 2012, Beyoncé gave birth to her first child, a daughter, Blue Ivy Carter, at Lenox Hill Hospital in New York. Five months later, she performed for four nights at Revel Atlantic City's Ovation Hall to celebrate the resort's opening, her first performances since giving birth to Blue Ivy. Title: Eddie V's Prime Seafood Passage: The first Eddie V's was opened in Austin, Texas in 2000 by Guy Villavaso and Larry Foles. In 2011, the brand was sold for $59 million cash to Darden Restaurants, Inc. and became a part of Darden's Specialty Restaurant Group. Title: Money in the Bank ladder match Passage: The 2018 Money in the Bank pay - per - view took place on June 17, 2018, at the Allstate Arena in the Chicago suburb of Rosemont, Illinois. For the first time since 2011, the event was dual - branded, involving both the Raw and SmackDown brands. The event included one male match and one female match. The contracts granted the winners a match for the world championship of their respective brand. The men's contract granted the winner a match for either Raw's Universal Championship or SmackDown's WWE Championship, while the women's contract granted the winner a Raw Women's Championship or SmackDown Women's Championship match. Title: Bradley Cooper Passage: Cooper was married to actress Jennifer Esposito from 2006 to 2007. He was also in a relationship with Russian model Irina Shayk from 2015 to 2019, with whom he has a daughter. He supports several organizations that help people fight cancer. Title: Mid-twentieth century baby boom Passage: The end of World War II brought a baby boom to many countries, especially Western ones. There is some disagreement as to the precise beginning and ending dates of the post-war baby boom, but it is most often agreed to have begun in the years immediately after the war, though some place it earlier at the increase of births in 1941 - 1943. The boom started to decline as birth rates in the United States started to decline in 1958, though the boom would only grind to a halt 3 years later in 1961, 20 years after it began. Title: Margaret Sanger Passage: Margaret Higgins Sanger (born Margaret Louise Higgins, September 14, 1879 -- September 6, 1966, also known as Margaret Sanger Slee) was an American birth control activist, sex educator, writer, and nurse. Sanger popularized the term ``birth control '', opened the first birth control clinic in the United States, and established organizations that evolved into the Planned Parenthood Federation of America. Title: Siemens Passage: Siemens & Halske was founded by Werner von Siemens and Johann Georg Halske on 12 October 1847. Based on the telegraph, their invention used a needle to point to the sequence of letters, instead of using Morse code. The company, then called Telegraphen-Bauanstalt von Siemens & Halske, opened its first workshop on 12 October.In 1848, the company built the first long-distance telegraph line in Europe; 500 km from Berlin to Frankfurt am Main. In 1850, the founder's younger brother, Carl Wilhelm Siemens, later Sir William Siemens, started to represent the company in London. The London agency became a branch office in 1858. In the 1850s, the company was involved in building long distance telegraph networks in Russia. In 1855, a company branch headed by another brother, Carl Heinrich von Siemens, opened in St Petersburg, Russia. In 1867, Siemens completed the monumental Indo-European telegraph line stretching over 11,000 km from London to Calcutta. Title: Department store Passage: Parkson enters by acquiring local brand Centro Department Store in 2011. Centro still operates for middle market while the 'Parkson' brand itself, positioned for middle-up segment, enters in 2014 by opening its first store in Medan, followed by its second store in Jakarta. Lotte, meanwhile, enters the market by inking partnership with Ciputra Group, creating what its called 'Lotte Shopping Avenue' inside the Ciputra World Jakarta complex, as well as acquiring Makro and rebranding it into Lotte Mart. Title: List of Olympic medalists in figure skating Passage: Gillis Grafström earned the most medals in a single event: four medals, three of which gold, in men's singles. The only other skaters to have earned three golds in a single discipline are Sonja Henie in ladies' singles and Irina Rodnina in pairs. Title: AKA White House Passage: AKA White House is a luxury extended stay hotel owned by Korman Communities located at 1710 H Street NW in Washington, D.C., in the United States. The operator is AKA, the extended-stay hotel brand owned by Korman Communities. AKA White House opened in 2005. Title: WrestleMania 34 Passage: WrestleMania 34 was the thirty - fourth annual WrestleMania professional wrestling pay - per - view event and WWE Network event produced by WWE for their Raw and SmackDown brands. It took place on April 8, 2018, at the Mercedes - Benz Superdome in New Orleans, Louisiana. Title: Irina Kolpakova Passage: In the 1990s she worked for several seasons as choreographer and coach at the American Ballet Theatre in New York City. She is currently a professor of classical dance at the Vaganova Academy of Russian Ballet in St. Petersburg and a ballet coach at American Ballet Theatre. Title: Anna Akhmatova Literary and Memorial Museum Passage: The Anna Akhmatova Literary and Memorial Museum is a literary museum in St Petersburg, Russia, dedicated to the poet Anna Akhmatova (1889–1966). It opened in 1989 on the centennial of Akhmatova's birth.	[ "Siemens", "Irina Kolpakova" ]
In what county is WGLB located?	Waukesha County	[ "Waukesha County, Wisconsin" ]	Title: Nefteyugansky District Passage: Nefteyugansky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the nine in Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug, Russia. It is located in the south of the autonomous okrug. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Nefteyugansk (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population: 44,815 (2010 Census); Title: Sloviansk Raion Passage: Sloviansk Raion () is one of the 18 districts of Donetsk Oblast, located in southeastern Ukraine. The administrative center of the district is the city of Sloviansk, which is separately incorporated as a city of oblast significance and does not belong to the raion. Population: . Title: Ap Lo Chun Passage: Ap Lo Chun () is a small island in the New Territories of Hong Kong. It is located in Ap Chau Bay () between Ap Chau in the east and Sai Ap Chau in the west, with the islet of Ap Tan Pai nearby in the northeast. It is under the administration of North District. Title: Serpukhovsky District Passage: Serpukhovsky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the thirty-six in Moscow Oblast, Russia. It is located in the south of the oblast. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Serpukhov (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population: 35,173 (2010 Census); Title: Khabarovsky District Passage: Khabarovsky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the seventeen in Khabarovsk Krai, Russia. It consists of two unconnected segments separated by the territory of Amursky District, which are located in the southwest of the krai. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Khabarovsk (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population: Title: Biysky District Passage: Biysky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-nine in Altai Krai, Russia. It is located in the east of the krai and borders with Zonalny, Tselinny, Soltonsky, Krasnogorsky, Sovetsky, and Smolensky Districts, as well as with the territory of the City of Biysk. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Biysk (which is not administratively a part of the district). District's population: Title: Elm Grove, Wisconsin Passage: Elm Grove is a village in Waukesha County, Wisconsin, United States. The population was 5,934 at the 2010 census. Elm Grove was named as America's best suburb by Business Insider in October 2014. Title: Starokostiantyniv Raion Passage: Starokostiantyniv Raion (, ) is one of the 20 administrative raions (a "district") of the Khmelnytskyi Oblast in western Ukraine. Its administrative center is located in the city of Starokostiantyniv. Its population was 37,459 as of the 2001 Ukrainian Census and 30,448 as of 2012. Title: Cangxi County Passage: Cangxi County () is a county of northeastern Sichuan Province, China, located along the upper reaches of the Jialing River. It is under the administration of Guangyuan City. Title: Perm Passage: Perm (;) is a city and the administrative centre of Perm Krai, Russia, located on the banks of the Kama River in the European part of Russia near the Ural Mountains. Title: Henichesk Raion Passage: Henichesk Raion () is one of the 18 administrative raions (districts) of Kherson Oblast in southern Ukraine. Its administrative centre is located in the city of Henichesk. Population: Title: Khmelnytskyi Raion Passage: Khmelnytskyi Raion (, ) is one of the 20 administrative raions (a "district") of the Khmelnytskyi Oblast in western Ukraine. Its administrative center is located in the city of Khmelnytskyi. Even though the city of Khmelnytskyi is separate from the raion's government, it still serves as its administrative center in addition to its role as that of the Khmelnytskyi Oblast's administrative center. Its population was 53,686 in the 2001 Ukrainian Census and 52,906 . Title: Vilnius County Passage: Vilnius County () is the largest of the 10 counties of Lithuania, located in the east of the country around the city Vilnius. On 1 July 2010, the county administration was abolished, and since that date, Vilnius County remains as the territorial and statistical unit. Title: Surgutsky District Passage: Surgutsky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the nine in Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug, Russia. It is located in the center of the autonomous okrug. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Surgut (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population: 113,515 (2010 Census); Title: Paea Passage: Paea is a commune in the suburbs of Papeete in French Polynesia, an overseas territory of France in the southern Pacific Ocean. Paea is located on the island of Tahiti, in the administrative subdivision of the Windward Islands, themselves part of the Society Islands. At the 2017 census it had a population of 13,021. Title: Zec Bras-Coupé–Désert Passage: The ZEC Bras-Coupé-Desert is a "zone d'exploitation contrôlée" (controlled harvesting zone) (ZEC), located in the unorganized territory of Lac-Pythonga in La Vallée-de-la-Gatineau Regional County Municipality, in the administrative region of Outaouais, in Quebec, in Canada. Title: Yeletsky District Passage: Yeletsky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the eighteen in Lipetsk Oblast, Russia. It is located in the western central part of the oblast. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Yelets (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population: 29,627 (2002 Census); Title: WGLB Passage: WGLB (1560 AM) is a gospel music radio station licensed to Elm Grove, Wisconsin and serving the Milwaukee metropolitan area. The station is owned and licensed to JJK Legacy Group, LLC, where his children serve as co-owners. Joel Kinlow used to own television station WJJA in Racine and FM radio station WGLB-FM in Port Washington, Wisconsin (Joel Kinlow died on June 7, 2016). On April 20, 2015 WGLB was granted a Federal Communications Commission construction permit to increase day power to 2,500 watts and add critical hours service with 700 watts. Title: Bogotá Passage: Bogotá (/ ˈboʊɡətɑː /, / ˌbɒɡəˈtɑː /, / ˌboʊ - /; Spanish pronunciation: (boɣoˈta) (listen)), officially Bogotá, Distrito Capital, abbreviated Bogotá, D.C., and formerly known as Santafé de Bogotá between 1991 and 2000, is the capital and largest city of Colombia, administered as the Capital District, although often thought of as part of Cundinamarca. Bogotá is a territorial entity of the first order, with the same administrative status as the departments of Colombia. It is the political, economic, administrative, industrial, artistic, cultural, and sports center of the country. Title: Westerplatte Passage: Westerplatte is a peninsula in Gdańsk, Poland, located on the Baltic Sea coast mouth of the Dead Vistula (one of the Vistula delta estuaries), in the Gdańsk harbour channel. From 1926 to 1939 it was the location of a Polish Military Transit Depot (WST), sanctioned within the territory of the Free City of Danzig (now Gdańsk).	[ "WGLB", "Elm Grove, Wisconsin" ]
What is the largest city in the county where Bear Creek is found?	St. Petersburg	[]	Title: Bear Creek, North Carolina Passage: Bear Creek is an unincorporated community in southwestern Chatham County, North Carolina, United States. It is named for a nearby creek that eventually flows into the Rocky River. The community lies along Old US Highway 421 and is situated between Siler City and Goldston. Title: Khabarovsky District Passage: Khabarovsky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the seventeen in Khabarovsk Krai, Russia. It consists of two unconnected segments separated by the territory of Amursky District, which are located in the southwest of the krai. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Khabarovsk (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population: Title: Harveys Creek Passage: Harveys Creek (also known as Harvey Creek or Harvey's Creek) is a tributary of the Susquehanna River in Luzerne County, Pennsylvania, in the United States. It is approximately long and flows through Harveys Lake, Lake Township, Lehman Township, Jackson Township, and Plymouth Township. The creek's watershed has an area of . The creek has four named tributaries, which are known as Bear Hollow Creek, Paint Spring Run, Pikes Creek, and East Fork Harveys Creek. The watershed is designated as a High-Quality Coldwater Fishery and a Migratory Fishery above Pikes Creek and as a Coldwater Fishery and a Migratory Fishery below it. The creek's source is Harveys Lake, the largest natural lake in Pennsylvania. Title: Surprise City Passage: Surprise City is a ghost town located in the Atlin Country Region of British Columbia. Surprise City is located on Otter Creek near the southwest end of Surprise Lake. Surprise City is also known as Otter Creek. The city existed to support the gold mining operations in the area. Title: Alawa, Northern Territory Passage: Alawa is a northern suburb of the city of Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia. It is bounded by Trower and Dripstone Roads, Lakeside Drive and the Rapid Creek. It is in the local government area of City of Darwin. Title: Sierra Suroeste Passage: Sierra Suroeste is a comarca (county, with no administrative role) located in southwestern province of Badajoz in the autonomous community of Extremadura, western Spain. Its capital and largest city is Jerez de los Caballeros. Title: States of Germany Passage: Local associations of a special kind are an amalgamation of one or more Landkreise with one or more Kreisfreie Städte to form a replacement of the aforementioned administrative entities at the district level. They are intended to implement simplification of administration at that level. Typically, a district-free city or town and its urban hinterland are grouped into such an association, or Kommunalverband besonderer Art. Such an organization requires the issuing of special laws by the governing state, since they are not covered by the normal administrative structure of the respective states. Title: Bear Creek Township, Chatham County, North Carolina Passage: The Bear Creek Township is a rural settlement located in Chatham County, North Carolina. It has a population of 3,419. The heart of Bear Creek is located at the intersection of NC highway 902 and old US highway 421. Chatham Central High School is one of the primary landmarks. Also, in and around Bear Creek are a post office, hair salon, florist, gas station, and several churches. The area is mainly a residential and farming community. The township is located close to Pittsboro, NC and Siler City, NC. Title: Municipio XIX Passage: The Municipio XIX was an administrative subdivision of the city of Rome. Following the administrative reform of 11 March 2013, it was suppressed and merged into the new, and coextensive, Municipio XIV. Its territory is situated to the north-west part of the municipality of Rome. Title: East Bay Passage: Oakland is the largest city in the East Bay and the third largest in the Bay Area. The city serves as a major transportation hub for the U.S. West Coast, and its port is the largest in Northern California. Increased population has led to the growth of large edge cities such as Fremont, Hayward, Concord, Berkeley, Richmond and Walnut Creek. Title: Desnianskyi District, Kiev Passage: Desnianskyi District () is an administrative raion (district or borough) of the city of Kiev, the capital of Ukraine. It is located in the north-eastern part of the city on the Left Bank of the Dnieper River and is the most populous district of Kiev. It is also the second largest district with the total area of ca. 14.8 ha. Title: Bear Creek, Florida Passage: Bear Creek is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Pinellas County, Florida, United States. The population was 1,948 at the 2010 census. Title: Mill Creek Park Passage: Mill Creek Park (officially known as Mill Creek MetroParks) is a metropolitan park located in Youngstown, Ohio. The Trust for Public Land ranks one part of Mill Creek as the 142nd largest park located within the limits of a US city. Title: Vilnius County Passage: Vilnius County () is the largest of the 10 counties of Lithuania, located in the east of the country around the city Vilnius. On 1 July 2010, the county administration was abolished, and since that date, Vilnius County remains as the territorial and statistical unit. Title: Colorado Springs, Colorado Passage: Colorado Springs is a home rule municipality that is the largest city by area in Colorado as well as the county seat and the most populous municipality of El Paso County, Colorado, United States. Colorado Springs is located in the east central portion of the state. It is situated on Fountain Creek and is located 60 miles (97 km) south of the Colorado State Capitol in Denver. Title: Walnut Shade, Missouri Passage: Walnut Shade is an unincorporated community in Taney County, Missouri, United States. It is located approximately six miles northwest of Forsyth on U.S. Route 160. The town sits at the confluence of Bull and Bear Creeks. Walnut Shade is part of the Branson, Missouri Micropolitan Statistical Area. Title: City of Townsville Passage: The City of Townsville is an Australian local government area (LGA) located in North Queensland, Australia. It encompasses the city of Townsville, together with the surrounding rural areas, to the south are the communities of Alligator Creek, Woodstock and Reid River, and to the north are Northern Beaches and Paluma, and also included is Magnetic Island. It currently has a population of 186,757 residents, and is the 28th-largest LGA in Australia. Title: Pinellas County, Florida Passage: Pinellas County is a county located in the state of Florida. As of the 2010 census, the population was 916,542. The county is part of the Tampa -- St. Petersburg -- Clearwater, Florida Metropolitan Statistical Area. Clearwater is the county seat, and St. Petersburg is the largest city. Title: Brisbane Bears Passage: However, the club was still struggling off - field. One of the Bears' biggest problems was its lack of support (both on and off the field) in Melbourne, the location of most of its away matches. In mid-1996, the struggling Fitzroy Football Club collapsed due to financial pressures and was seeking to merge its assets with another club. When a merger with North Melbourne in forming the North Fitzroy Kangaroos failed to win the support of the other AFL clubs, a deal for a merger was done between Fitzroy and the Bears. The new team was known as the Brisbane Lions, based at the Gabba, with Northey as the coach of the merged club. As such, the history of the Brisbane Bears as an individual entity ended after the 1996 season, with ten seasons of competition and the third - place finish in 1996 as its best performance. The Bears last match as a separate entity was a preliminary final on Saturday 21 September 1996 at the Melbourne Cricket Ground (where the Bears played their first VFL / AFL game). It was against North Melbourne, their first and last ever opponents, the Bears lost by 38 points to North who would go on to win the premiership that year. When the team came off the MCG, the Bears were finished after a short and troubled existence. Title: Bogotá Passage: Bogotá (/ ˈboʊɡətɑː /, / ˌbɒɡəˈtɑː /, / ˌboʊ - /; Spanish pronunciation: (boɣoˈta) (listen)), officially Bogotá, Distrito Capital, abbreviated Bogotá, D.C., and formerly known as Santafé de Bogotá between 1991 and 2000, is the capital and largest city of Colombia, administered as the Capital District, although often thought of as part of Cundinamarca. Bogotá is a territorial entity of the first order, with the same administrative status as the departments of Colombia. It is the political, economic, administrative, industrial, artistic, cultural, and sports center of the country.	[ "Pinellas County, Florida", "Bear Creek, Florida" ]
The city where Bärenreiter has its headquarters is located by what body of water?	Fulda	[]	Title: Murray Mouth Passage: Murray Mouth is the point at which the River Murray meets the Southern Ocean. The Murray Mouth's location is changeable. Historical records show that the channel out to sea moves along the sand dunes over time. At times of greater river flow and rough seas, the two bodies of water would erode the sand dunes to create a new channel leaving the old one to silt and disappear. Title: San Juan, Puerto Rico Passage: San Juan is located along the north - eastern coast of Puerto Rico. It lies south of the Atlantic Ocean; north of Caguas and Trujillo Alto; east of and Guaynabo; and west of Carolina. The city occupies an area of 76.93 square miles (199.2 km), of which, 29.11 square miles (75.4 km) (37.83%) is water. San Juan's main water bodies are San Juan Bay and two natural lagoons, the Condado and San José. Title: Pipra Nankar Passage: Pipra Nankar is a village situated in the Damkhauda Mandal of Bareilly District in Uttar Pradesh, India. It is located 2.273 kilometres from the mandal headquarters Damkhoda, and is 36.38 km far from the district headquarters in Bareilly. Title: Richmond, Virginia Passage: Richmond is located at 37°32′N 77°28′W / 37.533°N 77.467°W / 37.533; -77.467 (37.538, −77.462). According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 62 square miles (160 km2), of which 60 square miles (160 km2) is land and 2.7 square miles (7.0 km2) of it (4.3%) is water. The city is located in the Piedmont region of Virginia, at the highest navigable point of the James River. The Piedmont region is characterized by relatively low, rolling hills, and lies between the low, sea level Tidewater region and the Blue Ridge Mountains. Significant bodies of water in the region include the James River, the Appomattox River, and the Chickahominy River. Title: Lake District Passage: It is located entirely within the county of Cumbria, and all the land in England higher than 3,000 feet (910 m) above sea level lies within the National Park, including Scafell Pike, the highest mountain in England. It also contains the deepest and longest bodies of water in England, respectively Wast Water and Windermere. Title: Banderas River Passage: Banderas River () is a river located in the southern part of the Ahuachapán Department of El Salvador. Precipitations along the river are suitable for municipal water, irrigation, and water wells. Title: Black Lake (Michigan) Passage: Black Lake is located in Cheboygan and Presque Isle counties in northern Michigan, United States. With a surface area of , it is the seventh largest inland lake in Michigan. The largest body of water in the Black River watershed, it drains through the Lower Black and Cheboygan rivers into Lake Huron. Black Lake is a summer destination for many families from the suburban Detroit area and from other nearby states as well as residents of the neighboring town of Onaway. Title: Kassel Passage: Kassel (; spelled Cassel until 1928) is a city located on the Fulda River in northern Hesse, Germany. It is the administrative seat of the Regierungsbezirk Kassel and the district of the same name and had 200,507 inhabitants in December 2015. The former capital of the state of Hesse-Kassel has many palaces and parks, including the Bergpark Wilhelmshöhe, which is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Kassel is also known for the "documenta" exhibitions of contemporary art. Kassel has a public university with 25,000 students (2018) and a multicultural population (39% of the citizens in 2017 had a migration background). Title: Bärenreiter Passage: Bärenreiter (Bärenreiter-Verlag) is a German classical music publishing house based in Kassel. The firm was founded by Karl Vötterle (1903–1975) in Augsburg in 1923, and moved to Kassel in 1927, where it still maintains headquarters; it also has offices in Basel, London, New York and Prague. The company is currently managed by Barbara Scheuch-Vötterle and Leonhard Scheuch. Title: Clear Water Bay Country Park Passage: Clear Water Bay Country Park is a rural country park located in the New Territories of eastern Hong Kong. The park is located near the beaches in Clear Water Bay. The 6.15 square kilometre park opened on 28 September 1979 with features like: Title: Sriwijaya Air Passage: Sriwijaya Air is an Indonesian airline based in Jakarta with its headquarters located at Soekarno-Hatta International Airport M1 Area in Tangerang, near Jakarta. Sriwijaya Air is the country's third largest carrier, operating a fleet of narrow-body aircraft, and offers flights to various Indonesian destinations and a few international destinations. The airline is listed as a Category 1 airline by Indonesia's Civil Aviation Authority, the highest status that can be achieved for operational safety. Title: Miami Dolphins Training Facility Passage: The Baptist Health Training Facility at Nova Southeastern University, formerly the Miami Dolphins Training Facility, is located on the Nova Southeastern University main campus in Davie, Florida. It is the headquarters location for the Miami Dolphins, as well as a location for frequent special events. Title: Susqueda Reservoir Passage: Susqueda Reservoir () is a reservoir located on the Ter river, near Osor, Catalonia, Spain. The dam is located in Osor while the main water body is within the boundaries of Susqueda and Sant Hilari Sacalm. The construction of the dam was completed in 1968, creating a reservoir with a storage capacity of 233 hm³ that covered the old villages of Susqueda and Querós. The dam has a structural height of 135 m and a crest length of 360 m. Title: Irondequoit Bay Passage: Irondequoit Bay is a large body of water located in northeastern Monroe County, New York. The bay, roughly wide and in length, is fed by Irondequoit Creek to the south and flows into Lake Ontario at its northern end. On average, the surface of Irondequoit Bay rests at above sea level and is deep at its deepest point a short distance north of the Irondequoit Bay Bridge carrying the six-lane New York State Route 104 over the bay. Title: Ambit Energy Passage: Ambit Energy is an International multi-level marketing company that provides electricity and natural gas services in energy markets in the U.S. that have been deregulated.The company's corporate headquarters are located in Dallas, Texas, and its operations/call center headquarters are located in Plano, Texas. Ambit Energy was founded in 2006 in Addison, Texas by Jere Thompson Jr. and Chris Chambless. Title: Norfolk Island Passage: Norfolk Island is located in the South Pacific Ocean, east of the Australian mainland. Norfolk Island is the main island of the island group the territory encompasses and is located at 29°02′S 167°57′E / 29.033°S 167.950°E / -29.033; 167.950. It has an area of 34.6 square kilometres (13.4 sq mi), with no large-scale internal bodies of water and 32 km (20 mi) of coastline. The island's highest point is Mount Bates (319 metres (1,047 feet) above sea level), located in the northwest quadrant of the island. The majority of the terrain is suitable for farming and other agricultural uses. Phillip Island, the second largest island of the territory, is located at 29°07′S 167°57′E / 29.117°S 167.950°E / -29.117; 167.950, seven kilometres (4.3 miles) south of the main island. Title: Harrisville Pond Passage: Harrisville Pond is a water body located in Cheshire County in southwestern New Hampshire, United States, in the town of Harrisville. It is one of many lakes and ponds along Nubanusit Brook, a tributary of the Contoocook River. Water from Nubanusit Lake flows via the Great Meadows into the pond on the north side and out of the pond at two dams on the south side. One dam allows the level of the pond to be raised or lowered and also adjusts the flow through the mills that span that part of the outlet, while the other dam is made of large stones and sandbags. The village of Harrisville is located at the outlet of the pond. Title: Olympic Council of Asia Passage: The Olympic Council of Asia (OCA) is a governing body of sports in Asia, currently with 45 member National Olympic Committees. The current president is Sheikh Fahad Al-Sabah. The oldest NOCs are from Japan and the Philippines, recognized by the International Olympic Committee (IOC) in 1911; whereas East Timor is the newest, joining in 2003. The headquarters of the OCA is located at Kuwait City. Title: Melbourne Passage: Water storage and supply for Melbourne is managed by Melbourne Water, which is owned by the Victorian Government. The organisation is also responsible for management of sewerage and the major water catchments in the region as well as the Wonthaggi desalination plant and North–South Pipeline. Water is stored in a series of reservoirs located within and outside the Greater Melbourne area. The largest dam, the Thomson River Dam, located in the Victorian Alps, is capable of holding around 60% of Melbourne's water capacity, while smaller dams such as the Upper Yarra Dam, Yan Yean Reservoir, and the Cardinia Reservoir carry secondary supplies. Title: Lake Oesa Passage: Lake Oesa is a body of water located at an elevation of 2,267m (7438 ft) in the mountains of Yoho National Park, near Field, British Columbia, Canada.	[ "Bärenreiter", "Kassel" ]
How many episodes do the menendez brothers appear in the show where Serena Southerlyn is from?	eight	[]	Title: Law & Order True Crime Passage: Law & Order True Crime is an American true crime anthology series that premiered September 26, 2017 on NBC. The series was ordered by NBC on July 15, 2016, and is part of the Law & Order franchise. Created by Rene Balcer, the eight - episode first season, titled Law & Order True Crime: The Menendez Murders, is a dramatization of the trial of Lyle and Erik Menendez, who were convicted in 1996 for the murder of their parents, José and Kitty Menendez. The first season concluded November 14, 2017. Title: Oh Brother, Where Art Thou? Passage: The episode was written by Jeff Martin and directed by Wes Archer. American actor Danny DeVito provided the voice of Herb. The episode features cultural references to cars such as the Edsel, the Tucker Torpedo, the Ford Mustang, and the Lamborghini Cheetah. Since airing, the episode has received mostly positive reviews from television critics. It acquired a Nielsen rating of 15.4, and was the highest - rated show on the Fox network the week it aired. Some fans were upset with the sad ending of the episode, and as a result the producers decided to write a sequel, ``Brother, Can You Spare Two Dimes? '', in which Herb regains his fortune and forgives Homer. Title: Williams sisters rivalry Passage: Venus Williams and Serena Williams (born June 17, 1980, and September 26, 1981, respectively) are professional tennis players and sisters who have faced off 28 times in professional tournaments, most recently in the final of the 2017 Australian Open on 28 January 2017, where Serena claimed a history - making 23rd grand slam. Serena leads their sisterhood 17 -- 11. Title: Adam and Joe Go Tokyo Passage: Adam and Joe Go Tokyo was a series of eight episodes created for BBC Three (also airing in full on BBC One at a later timeslot as promotion for the new channel). It starred Adam Buxton and Joe Cornish of "The Adam and Joe Show" and aired from 30 May 2003 to 25 July 2003. The aim of the show was to offer an alternative insight into the lives of Tokyo's citizens, with the obligatory look at a number of gadgets and toys along the way. The show took the format of a mature Blue Peter outlining many pastimes of the average (or less so) Japanese person, everything from competitive speed eating to manga cosplay. Each episode would end with a Japanese band joining the show to perform. Title: Desperately Seeking Serena Passage: "Desperately Seeking Serena" is the 15th episode of the CW television series, "Gossip Girl". The episode was written by Felicia D. Henderson and directed by Michael Fields. It originally aired on Monday, April 28, 2008 on the CW. It is the first episode to feature the recurring character of Georgina Sparks. Title: Frank Tremar Sibly Menendez Passage: Lieutenant Frank Tremar Sibly Menendez (26 January 1896 – 27 February 1973) was a British World War I flying ace credited with six aerial victories. Title: Serena Bishop Passage: Serena Bishop is a fictional character from the Australian soap opera "Neighbours", played by Lara Sacher. She made her first on-screen appearance on 9 October 2003. Serena's storylines included kissing her cousin's boyfriend, being taken advantage of by a photographer and starting an incestuous relationship with her half-brother. Shortly after the character's on-screen parents were axed, it was announced in May 2005 that Sacher would also be leaving. Serena made her last appearance on 26 October 2005. Title: American Idol Passage: Season six premiered with the series' highest-rated debut episode and a few of its succeeding episodes rank among the most watched episodes of American Idol. During this time, many television executives begun to regard the show as a programming force unlike any seen before, as its consistent dominance of up to two hours two or three nights a week exceeded the 30- or 60-minute reach of previous hits such as NBC's The Cosby Show. The show was dubbed "the Death Star", and competing networks often rearranged their schedules in order to minimize losses. However, season six also showed a steady decline in viewership over the course of the season. The season finale saw a drop in ratings of 16% from the previous year. Season six was the first season wherein the average results show rated higher than the competition stages (unlike in the previous seasons), and became the second highest-rated of the series after the preceding season. Title: Leah Remini: Scientology and the Aftermath Passage: The show's first season was aired by A&E in seven regular and three special episodes commencing November 29, 2016. It received positive reviews from critics, recorded A&E's best premiere ratings since 2014 and maintained a consistently high viewership for subsequent episodes. The first season garnered two Emmy nominations, scoring one win. The series was renewed for a second season of ten regular and four special episodes commencing August 15, 2017. The Church of Scientology was extremely critical of Remini and the show and established a website attacking the show, its presenters and many of the interviewees. Title: Are You Being Served? Passage: Are You Being Served? is a British sitcom created and written by executive producer David Croft (Croft also directed some episodes) and Jeremy Lloyd, with contributions from Michael Knowles and John Chapman, for the BBC. Set in London, the show follows the misadventures and mishaps of the staff of the retail ladies' and gentlemen's clothing departments in the flagship department store of a fictional chain called Grace Brothers. Title: Serena Southerlyn Passage: Serena Southerlyn is a fictional character (played by Elisabeth Röhm) on the long-running NBC drama series "Law & Order". She appeared in 85 episodes. Title: Serena van der Woodsen Passage: Serena's enrollment in Columbia has her face Juliet's many attempts at getting rid of her, ranging from excluding her from an exclusive society along with driving Blair against her, exposing her relationship with her professor, Colin Forrester (Sam Page), who happens to be Juliet's cousin to get her kicked out, and spreading various rumors about Serena, who manages to evade these attempts. Juliet then recruits Jenny and Vanessa and succeed in gaslighting her into toying with Dan and Nate's feelings, attempting to take a foundation position from Blair, and returning to her old partying habits. Serena is rehabilitated while Dan and Blair subsequently discover Juliet's reasons for ruining Serena. Serena was supposedly in an illicit, but not ever consummated, relationship with Juliet's half - brother and Serena's boarding school English teacher, Ben Donovan (David Call) and was arrested when Lily forged an affidavit that falsely accused Ben of statutory rape, out of concern for Serena. Title: Gossip Girl (season 5) Passage: While working as a production assistant in Hollywood, Serena makes a mistake while trying to impress her new boss (guest star Michael Michele). Chuck and Nate arrive in Los Angeles to visit Serena where Nate gets involved with a shady older woman (guest star Elizabeth Hurley) and Chuck has a meeting of minds with actress / stuntwoman Zoë Bell (playing herself) as he struggles to get over Blair. Meanwhile, Blair and Louis return to New York from Monaco after spending the summer planning their wedding. Louis' problem in supporting Blair's difficult choices and nearly impossible demands threatens their relationship when she begins to see him as weak. Also, Dan gets help from Louis in a desperate attempt to prevent his book from being published in a local magazine. It is revealed in this episode that Dorota is pregnant and expecting her second child. Towards the end of the episode, it is also hinted that Blair is the one that is pregnant in which Dorota lied for her. As she is fitted for her wedding dress, the dress fitter says that by the time of her wedding she will be showing. Also, Serena runs into Charlie in Los Angeles still unaware of her real identity: Ivy Dickens, who has moved to California with her boyfriend, Max. Title: Grey's Anatomy (season 4) Passage: For the first time in the show's history, many cast changes occur, seeing the first departure of two main cast members. Despite garnering several awards and nominations for the cast members and the production team, the season received a mixed response from critics and fans. Show creator Shonda Rhimes heavily contributed to the production of the season, writing five out of the seventeen episodes. The highest - rated episode was the season premiere, which was watched by 20.93 million viewers. The season was interrupted by the 2007 -- 2008 Writers Guild of America strike, which resulted in the production of only seventeen episodes, instead of twenty - three originally planned. Title: Stark Raving Dad Passage: Al Jean and Mike Reiss wrote the episode while Rich Moore served as director. Michael Jackson guest - starred in the episode as the speaking voice of Leon Kompowsky. For contractual reasons, he was credited as John Jay Smith in the closing credits, and his role in the episode was not officially confirmed until later. Jackson was a fan of the show and called creator Matt Groening one night offering to do a guest spot. Jackson pitched several story ideas for the episode and wrote the song ``Happy Birthday Lisa ''that is featured in the plot. He also stipulated that he would provide Kompowsky's speaking voice, but his singing voice would be performed by a sound - alike (Kipp Lennon) because he wanted to play a joke on his brothers. The episode contains references to many aspects of Jackson's career, with Kompowsky singing portions of the songs`` Billie Jean'' and ``Ben ''. Title: The Smothers Brothers Show Passage: The Smothers Brothers Show is an American fantasy sitcom featuring the Smothers Brothers that aired on CBS on Friday nights at 9:30 p.m. ET from September 17, 1965 to April 22, 1966, co-sponsored by Alberto-Culver's VO5 hairdressing products and American Tobacco (Tareyton). It was the first television show to feature the Smothers Brothers as regulars, following a series of night club and guest appearances. It lasted one season, consisting of 32 episodes. Title: Total Drama All-Stars and Pahkitew Island Passage: Peter Oldring as Ezekiel from Episodes 1 and 9 and an ``Intern ''from Episode 9 Brian Froud as`` The Killer'' from Episode 1 Katie Crown as Izzy from Episode 7 Alex House as ``José '', Alejandro's brother from Episode 7 James Wallis as`` Cop # 1'' from Episode 8 Scott McCord as Owen from Episode 13 Title: Serena Wilson Passage: Serena Wilson (August 8, 1933 – June 17, 2007), often known just as "Serena", was a well-known dancer, choreographer, and teacher who helped popularize belly dance in the United States. Serena's work also helped legitimize the dance form and helped it to be perceived as more than burlesque or stripping. Serena danced in clubs in her younger years, opened her own studio, hosted her own television show, founded her own dance troupe, and was the author of several books about belly dance. Title: Serena van der Woodsen Passage: A scene set in the future shows everyone reunited at the Bass - Waldorf residence, witnessing the marriage of Dan and Serena. Title: The Smothers Brothers Comedy Hour Passage: The Smothers Brothers Comedy Hour was an American comedy and variety show television series hosted by the Smothers Brothers and initially airing on CBS from 1967 to 1969.	[ "Serena Southerlyn", "Law & Order True Crime" ]
What region is the city where Robert Tuttle Morris died located?	Fairfield County	[ "Fairfield County, Connecticut" ]	Title: Mark Morris Memorial Bridge Passage: The Mark Morris Memorial Bridge (locally called the North Bridge) is a 2 lane truss bridge across the Mississippi River in the United States. It connects the cities of Clinton, Iowa and Fulton, Illinois. The bridge may also be known as the Lyons-Fulton Bridge, which was the name of a predecessor bridge and the name listed on the USGS topographical map. The town of Lyons, Iowa, was annexed to Clinton in 1895, but the north end of the city is still referred to as Lyons. The bridge is the terminus of both Iowa Highway 136 and Illinois Route 136. The 1975 bridge was named in memory Mark Morris, a long time member of the City of Clinton Bridge Commission who died in 1972. Morris was instrumental in the construction of the 1975 bridge and the City of Clinton Bridge Commission named it in his honor. Title: States of Germany Passage: Local associations of a special kind are an amalgamation of one or more Landkreise with one or more Kreisfreie Städte to form a replacement of the aforementioned administrative entities at the district level. They are intended to implement simplification of administration at that level. Typically, a district-free city or town and its urban hinterland are grouped into such an association, or Kommunalverband besonderer Art. Such an organization requires the issuing of special laws by the governing state, since they are not covered by the normal administrative structure of the respective states. Title: Słupsk County Passage: Słupsk County () is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Pomeranian Voivodeship, northern Poland, on the Baltic coast. It came into being on 1 January 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat is the city of Słupsk, although the city is not part of the county (it constitutes a separate city county). The only towns in Słupsk County are Ustka, a coastal resort north-west of Słupsk, and Kępice, south of Słupsk. Title: William J. Coyne Passage: Coyne was born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. He graduated from Central Catholic High School in 1954, and received a B.S. in accounting from Robert Morris College. He served for two years in the United States Army before setting up a private accounting firm. From 1970 to 1972 he was member of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives, and a member of the Pittsburgh City Council from 1974 to 1980. Title: Eastern Bengal and Assam Passage: Eastern Bengal and Assam was an administrative subdivision (province) of the British Raj between 1905 and 1912. Headquartered in the city of Dacca, it covered territories in what are now Bangladesh, Northeast India and Northern West Bengal. Title: Biysky District Passage: Biysky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-nine in Altai Krai, Russia. It is located in the east of the krai and borders with Zonalny, Tselinny, Soltonsky, Krasnogorsky, Sovetsky, and Smolensky Districts, as well as with the territory of the City of Biysk. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Biysk (which is not administratively a part of the district). District's population: Title: Mount Morris Dam Passage: The Mount Morris Dam is a concrete dam on the Genesee River. It is located south of Rochester, New York in the towns of Leicester and Mount Morris in Livingston County, New York, next to Letchworth State Park. Title: Khabarovsky District Passage: Khabarovsky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the seventeen in Khabarovsk Krai, Russia. It consists of two unconnected segments separated by the territory of Amursky District, which are located in the southwest of the krai. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Khabarovsk (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population: Title: Podolsky District Passage: Podolsky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the thirty-six in Moscow Oblast, Russia. It is located in the southwest of the oblast just south of the federal city of Moscow. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Podolsk (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population: 82,488 (2010 Census); Title: Wilsey, Kansas Passage: Wilsey is a city in Morris County, Kansas, United States. As of the 2010 census, the city population was 153. Title: Republic of Užice Passage: The Republic of Užice ( / ) was a short-lived liberated Yugoslav territory and the first liberated territory in World War II Europe, organized as a military mini-state that existed in the autumn of 1941 in occupied Yugoslavia, more specifically the western part of the Territory of the Military Commander in Serbia. The Republic was established by the Partisan resistance movement and its administrative center was in the town of Užice. Title: Stamford, Connecticut Passage: Stamford () is a city in Fairfield County, Connecticut, United States. According to the 2010 census, the population of the city is 122,643. As of 2017, according to the Census Bureau, the population of Stamford had risen to 131,000, making it the third-largest city in the state (behind Bridgeport and New Haven) and the seventh-largest city in New England. Approximately from Manhattan, Stamford is in the Bridgeport-Stamford-Norwalk Metro area which is a part of the Greater New York metropolitan area. Title: Territory of Papua Passage: In 1949, the Territory and the Territory of New Guinea were established in an administrative union by the name of the Territory of Papua and New Guinea. That administrative union was renamed as Papua New Guinea in 1971. Notwithstanding that it was part of an administrative union, the Territory of Papua at all times retained a distinct legal status and identity; it was a Possession of the Crown whereas the Territory of New Guinea was initially a League of Nations mandate territory and subsequently a United Nations trust territory. This important legal and political distinction remained until the advent of the Independent State of Papua New Guinea in 1975. Title: White City, Kansas Passage: White City is a city in Morris County, Kansas, United States. As of the 2010 census, the city population was 618. Title: Municipio XIX Passage: The Municipio XIX was an administrative subdivision of the city of Rome. Following the administrative reform of 11 March 2013, it was suppressed and merged into the new, and coextensive, Municipio XIV. Its territory is situated to the north-west part of the municipality of Rome. Title: Olsztyn Voivodeship Passage: Olsztyn Voivodeship () was an administrative division and unit of local government in Poland in the years 1945-75, and a new territorial division between 1975–1998, superseded by Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship. Its capital city was Olsztyn. Title: Bogotá Passage: Bogotá (/ ˈboʊɡətɑː /, / ˌbɒɡəˈtɑː /, / ˌboʊ - /; Spanish pronunciation: (boɣoˈta) (listen)), officially Bogotá, Distrito Capital, abbreviated Bogotá, D.C., and formerly known as Santafé de Bogotá between 1991 and 2000, is the capital and largest city of Colombia, administered as the Capital District, although often thought of as part of Cundinamarca. Bogotá is a territorial entity of the first order, with the same administrative status as the departments of Colombia. It is the political, economic, administrative, industrial, artistic, cultural, and sports center of the country. Title: Robert Tuttle Morris Passage: Robert Tuttle Morris, also known as Bob Morris (May 14, 1857 in Seymour, Connecticut – January 10, 1945 in Stamford) was an American surgeon and writer. He married Aimee Reynand Mazergue on June 4, 1898. Title: Khmelnytskyi Raion Passage: Khmelnytskyi Raion (, ) is one of the 20 administrative raions (a "district") of the Khmelnytskyi Oblast in western Ukraine. Its administrative center is located in the city of Khmelnytskyi. Even though the city of Khmelnytskyi is separate from the raion's government, it still serves as its administrative center in addition to its role as that of the Khmelnytskyi Oblast's administrative center. Its population was 53,686 in the 2001 Ukrainian Census and 52,906 . Title: Henichesk Raion Passage: Henichesk Raion () is one of the 18 administrative raions (districts) of Kherson Oblast in southern Ukraine. Its administrative centre is located in the city of Henichesk. Population:	[ "Robert Tuttle Morris", "Stamford, Connecticut" ]
How many inhabitants does the area of the US city having the band performing Jubilee contain?	12 million	[]	Title: Grant Lee Buffalo Passage: Grant Lee Buffalo was a rock band based in Los Angeles, California, consisting of Grant-Lee Phillips (vocals and guitar), Paul Kimble (bass) and Joey Peters (drums). All three were previously members of another Los Angeles band, Shiva Burlesque. Title: Pokémon X and Y Passage: The games take place in the star - shaped Kalos Region (カロス地方, Karosu - chihō), one of many such regions across the fictional Pokémon World. Centered around beauty, the region is heavily inspired by France and, to a lesser extent, Europe as a whole. Many locations and landmarks across Kalos have real - world inspirations, including Prism Tower (Eiffel Tower), the Lumiose Art Museum (the Louvre), and the stones outside Geosenge Town (Carnac stones). Wild Pokémon inhabit every corner of the Kalos Region, many of which are only known to appear in this area. Title: History of New York City (prehistory–1664) Passage: The history of New York City has been influenced by the prehistoric geological formation during the last glacial period of the territory that is today New York City. The area was long inhabited by the Lenape; after initial European exploration in the 16th century, the Dutch established New Amsterdam in 1626. In 1664, the English conquered the area and renamed it New York. Title: Jubilee (Grant Lee Buffalo album) Passage: Jubilee is the fourth studio album released in 1998 by Grant Lee Buffalo. The single "Truly,Truly" received significant radio airplay, appearing on Billboard's Modern Rock chart for 13 weeks while peaking at #11. According to Grant Lee Phillips, the album may have suffered from high expectations at the label. Title: Zusailing Formation Passage: The Zusailing Formation is located in Baoting County, Hainan Province, China. It contains carbonaceous phyllite with interbeds of crystalline limestone. Its dated to the late Silurian Period. Title: Fortitude (TV series) Passage: Fortitude is a fictional community located on Svalbard in Arctic Norway. It is described as an international community, with inhabitants from many parts of the world (population of 713 inhabitants and 4 police officers). The series was filmed in both the UK and in Reyðarfjörður, Iceland. Title: You're No Good Passage: ``You're No Good ''is a song written by Clint Ballard, Jr., first performed by Dee Dee Warwick for Jubilee Records in 1963 with production by Jerry Leiber and Mike Stoller. It has since been covered by many artists, including charting versions by Betty Everett in 1963, The Swinging Blue Jeans in 1964, and Linda Ronstadt in 1975, whose version was a number 1 hit in the United States. Title: Smilyan Passage: Smilyan (Bulgarian: Смилян) is a village in Smolyan Municipality, located in the Smolyan Province of southern Bulgaria. It is located 176.862 km from Sofia and the village covers an area of 29.248 km2. As of 2007, the village had a population of 1794 inhabitants. Title: Elizabeth II Passage: In 2002, Elizabeth marked her Golden Jubilee. Her sister and mother died in February and March respectively, and the media speculated whether the Jubilee would be a success or a failure. She again undertook an extensive tour of her realms, which began in Jamaica in February, where she called the farewell banquet "memorable" after a power cut plunged the King's House, the official residence of the governor-general, into darkness. As in 1977, there were street parties and commemorative events, and monuments were named to honour the occasion. A million people attended each day of the three-day main Jubilee celebration in London, and the enthusiasm shown by the public for the Queen was greater than many journalists had expected. Title: Southern California Passage: Southern California includes the heavily built-up urban area stretching along the Pacific coast from Ventura, through the Greater Los Angeles Area and the Inland Empire, and down to Greater San Diego. Southern California's population encompasses seven metropolitan areas, or MSAs: the Los Angeles metropolitan area, consisting of Los Angeles and Orange counties; the Inland Empire, consisting of Riverside and San Bernardino counties; the San Diego metropolitan area; the Oxnard–Thousand Oaks–Ventura metropolitan area; the Santa Barbara metro area; the San Luis Obispo metropolitan area; and the El Centro area. Out of these, three are heavy populated areas: the Los Angeles area with over 12 million inhabitants, the Riverside-San Bernardino area with over four million inhabitants, and the San Diego area with over 3 million inhabitants. For CSA metropolitan purposes, the five counties of Los Angeles, Orange, Riverside, San Bernardino, and Ventura are all combined to make up the Greater Los Angeles Area with over 17.5 million people. With over 22 million people, southern California contains roughly 60 percent of California's population. Title: Frutal Passage: Frutal is a municipality in the west of the Brazilian state of Minas Gerais. The population, measured in 2010 by the IBGE, is of 53,468 inhabitants. The city has an area of 2,427 km. Frutal is located in the region known as the "Triângulo Mineiro". Title: LaserDisc Passage: Although the LaserDisc format was supplanted by DVD by the late 1990s, many LD titles are still highly coveted by movie enthusiasts (for example, Disney's Song of the South which is unavailable in the US in any format, but was issued in Japan on LD). This is largely because there are many films that are still only available on LD and many other LD releases contain supplemental material not available on subsequent DVD versions of those films. Until the end of 2001, many titles were released on VHS, LD, and DVD in Japan. Title: Serravalle (San Marino) Passage: Serravalle is a "castello" located in the European republic of San Marino. With a population of 10,878 inhabitants (of that 2,000 are of foreign origin) and a surface of 10.53 km², it is not only the most densely populated municipality in San Marino, but it also contains its largest settlement (Dogana). Serravalle is located on the edge of the Apennine Mountains. Title: Oberhaching Passage: Oberhaching is a municipality in Bavaria, Germany, with 13,100 inhabitants (2006) on an area of 26.6 km². It is located some 15 km south of Munich city centre and looks back at a 1,250 year history. Title: Walker Run Passage: Walker Run (also known as Beach Haven Creek) is a tributary of the Susquehanna River in Luzerne County, Pennsylvania, in the United States. It is approximately long and flows through Salem Township. The watershed of the stream has an area of . There are three unnamed tributaries. The stream is on rock of the Mahantango Formation, the Harrell Formation, the Irish Valley Member, and the Trimmers Rock Formation. A number of roads cross the stream. It is inhabited by wild trout. Title: KGTM Passage: KGTM is a Hot AC formatted radio station located in Shelley, Idaho, broadcasting to Eastern Idaho area on 98.1 FM. Title: Sestao Passage: Sestao is a town and municipality of 28,288 inhabitants located in the province of Biscay, in the autonomous community of Basque Country, northern Spain. It is in the left bank of the Estuary of Bilbao and part of Bilbao's metropolitan area. Title: Hyderabad Passage: North of central Hyderabad lie Hussain Sagar, Tank Bund Road, Rani Gunj and the Secunderabad Railway Station. Most of the city's parks and recreational centres, such as Sanjeevaiah Park, Indira Park, Lumbini Park, NTR Gardens, the Buddha statue and Tankbund Park are located here. In the northwest part of the city there are upscale residential and commercial areas such as Banjara Hills, Jubilee Hills, Begumpet, Khairatabad and Miyapur. The northern end contains industrial areas such as Sanathnagar, Moosapet, Balanagar, Patancheru and Chanda Nagar. The northeast end is dotted with residential areas. In the eastern part of the city lie many defence research centres and Ramoji Film City. The "Cyberabad" area in the southwest and west of the city has grown rapidly since the 1990s. It is home to information technology and bio-pharmaceutical companies and to landmarks such as Hyderabad Airport, Osman Sagar, Himayath Sagar and Kasu Brahmananda Reddy National Park. Title: Ann Arbor, Michigan Passage: Ann Arbor's "Tree Town" nickname stems from the dense forestation of its parks and residential areas. The city contains more than 50,000 trees along its streets and an equal number in parks. In recent years, the emerald ash borer has destroyed many of the city's approximately 10,500 ash trees. The city contains 157 municipal parks ranging from small neighborhood green spots to large recreation areas. Several large city parks and a university park border sections of the Huron River. Fuller Recreation Area, near the University Hospital complex, contains sports fields, pedestrian and bike paths, and swimming pools. The Nichols Arboretum, owned by the University of Michigan, is a 123-acre (50 ha) arboretum that contains hundreds of plant and tree species. It is on the city's east side, near the university's Central Campus. Located across the Huron River just beyond the university's North Campus is the university's Matthaei Botanical Gardens, which contains 300 acres of gardens and a large tropical conservatory. Title: List of municipalities in Michigan Passage: Michigan is a state located in the Midwestern United States. According to the 2010 United States Census, Michigan is the 8th most populous state with 7006988412900000000 ♠ 9,884,129 inhabitants but the 22nd largest by land area spanning 56,538.90 square miles (146,435.1 km) of land. Michigan is divided into 83 counties and contains 533 incorporated municipalities consisting of cities and villages. Specifically, Michigan has 276 cities, 257 villages, and 1,240 townships.	[ "Southern California", "Jubilee (Grant Lee Buffalo album)", "Grant Lee Buffalo" ]
In Debert's province what is Sheet Harbour's regional municipality?	Halifax Regional Municipality	[ "Halifax" ]	Title: States of Germany Passage: Local associations of a special kind are an amalgamation of one or more Landkreise with one or more Kreisfreie Städte to form a replacement of the aforementioned administrative entities at the district level. They are intended to implement simplification of administration at that level. Typically, a district-free city or town and its urban hinterland are grouped into such an association, or Kommunalverband besonderer Art. Such an organization requires the issuing of special laws by the governing state, since they are not covered by the normal administrative structure of the respective states. Title: Khabarovsky District Passage: Khabarovsky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the seventeen in Khabarovsk Krai, Russia. It consists of two unconnected segments separated by the territory of Amursky District, which are located in the southwest of the krai. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Khabarovsk (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population: Title: Ap Lo Chun Passage: Ap Lo Chun () is a small island in the New Territories of Hong Kong. It is located in Ap Chau Bay () between Ap Chau in the east and Sai Ap Chau in the west, with the islet of Ap Tan Pai nearby in the northeast. It is under the administration of North District. Title: Territory of Papua Passage: In 1949, the Territory and the Territory of New Guinea were established in an administrative union by the name of the Territory of Papua and New Guinea. That administrative union was renamed as Papua New Guinea in 1971. Notwithstanding that it was part of an administrative union, the Territory of Papua at all times retained a distinct legal status and identity; it was a Possession of the Crown whereas the Territory of New Guinea was initially a League of Nations mandate territory and subsequently a United Nations trust territory. This important legal and political distinction remained until the advent of the Independent State of Papua New Guinea in 1975. Title: Marussia Motors Passage: In April 2014, the Marussia Motors company was disbanded, with staff leaving to join a government-run technical institute. The Marussia F1 team continued unaffected as a British entity, independent of the Russian car company. However, on 7 November 2014 the administrator announced that the F1 team had ceased trading. Title: Bogotá Passage: Bogotá (/ ˈboʊɡətɑː /, / ˌbɒɡəˈtɑː /, / ˌboʊ - /; Spanish pronunciation: (boɣoˈta) (listen)), officially Bogotá, Distrito Capital, abbreviated Bogotá, D.C., and formerly known as Santafé de Bogotá between 1991 and 2000, is the capital and largest city of Colombia, administered as the Capital District, although often thought of as part of Cundinamarca. Bogotá is a territorial entity of the first order, with the same administrative status as the departments of Colombia. It is the political, economic, administrative, industrial, artistic, cultural, and sports center of the country. Title: Biysky District Passage: Biysky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-nine in Altai Krai, Russia. It is located in the east of the krai and borders with Zonalny, Tselinny, Soltonsky, Krasnogorsky, Sovetsky, and Smolensky Districts, as well as with the territory of the City of Biysk. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Biysk (which is not administratively a part of the district). District's population: Title: Wardville, Oklahoma Passage: Wardville is a small unincorporated community in northern Atoka County, Oklahoma, United States, along State Highway 131 14 miles northeast of Coalgate, Oklahoma. The post office was established February 6, 1902 under the name Herbert, Oklahoma. Herbert was located in Atoka County, Choctaw Nation, a territorial-era entity which included portions of today's Atoka, Coal, Hughes and Pittsburg counties. The town was named after Herbert Ward, who was the youngest son of the towns first postmaster, Henry Pleasant Ward. The name of the town was changed to Wardville on July 18, 1907. Wardville was named for the before mentioned Henry Pleasant Ward, who served in the territorial House of Representatives and Senate and was an Atoka County judge. The Wardville Post Office closed in 2007. Title: Municipio XIX Passage: The Municipio XIX was an administrative subdivision of the city of Rome. Following the administrative reform of 11 March 2013, it was suppressed and merged into the new, and coextensive, Municipio XIV. Its territory is situated to the north-west part of the municipality of Rome. Title: Zec Bras-Coupé–Désert Passage: The ZEC Bras-Coupé-Desert is a "zone d'exploitation contrôlée" (controlled harvesting zone) (ZEC), located in the unorganized territory of Lac-Pythonga in La Vallée-de-la-Gatineau Regional County Municipality, in the administrative region of Outaouais, in Quebec, in Canada. Title: Biblioteca Ayacucho Passage: The Biblioteca Ayacucho ("Ayacucho Library") is an editorial entity of the government of Venezuela, founded on September 10, 1974. It is managed by the "Fundación Biblioteca Ayacucho". Its name, "Ayacucho", comes from the intention to honor the definitive and crucial Battle of Ayacucho that took place December 9, 1824 between Spain and the territories of the Americas, prior to the full independence of the continent. Title: Sachs Harbour (David Nasogaluak Jr. Saaryuaq) Airport Passage: Sachs Harbour (David Nasogaluak Jr. Saaryuaq) Airport is located at Sachs Harbour, Northwest Territories, Canada. Pilots will need to bring their own pump if they require 100LL fuel. Title: Deninu School Passage: Deninu School is a K-12 public school located in Fort Resolution, Northwest Territories, Canada. The school currently represents the only public education option for youth in the hamlet and serves a student population of approximately 125 students. The administration of the school is the responsibility of the South Slave Divisional Education Council (SSDEC). Title: Paea Passage: Paea is a commune in the suburbs of Papeete in French Polynesia, an overseas territory of France in the southern Pacific Ocean. Paea is located on the island of Tahiti, in the administrative subdivision of the Windward Islands, themselves part of the Society Islands. At the 2017 census it had a population of 13,021. Title: Debert Airport Passage: In 1971, the Debert Airport and its surrounding land was purchased by the Government of Nova Scotia for development as the Debert Air Industrial Park, and in 1972, the Truro Flying Club was formed. Title: Union territory Passage: A union territory is a type of administrative division in the Republic of India. Unlike states, which have their own elected governments, union territories are ruled directly by the Union Government (central government), hence the name ``union territory ''. Union territories in India qualify as federal territories, by definition. Title: Upper Lakeville Passage: Upper Lakeville is a small cottage community on the Eastern Shore of the Halifax Regional Municipality, in the Musquodoboit/Sheet Harbour region of the Marine Drive, in Nova Scotia. Upper Lakeville road is located on the junction of Trunk 7, 55.3 km from Dartmouth, and 58.9 km from Halifax. Title: Westerplatte Passage: Westerplatte is a peninsula in Gdańsk, Poland, located on the Baltic Sea coast mouth of the Dead Vistula (one of the Vistula delta estuaries), in the Gdańsk harbour channel. From 1926 to 1939 it was the location of a Polish Military Transit Depot (WST), sanctioned within the territory of the Free City of Danzig (now Gdańsk). Title: Lutsel K'e Dene School Passage: Lutsel K'e Dene School is a K-12 public school located in Lutselk'e, Northwest Territories, Canada. The school currently represents the only public education option for youth in the settlement and serves a student population of approximately 73 students. The administration of the school is the responsibility of the South Slave Divisional Education Council (SSDEC). Title: Vilnius County Passage: Vilnius County () is the largest of the 10 counties of Lithuania, located in the east of the country around the city Vilnius. On 1 July 2010, the county administration was abolished, and since that date, Vilnius County remains as the territorial and statistical unit.	[ "Upper Lakeville", "Debert Airport" ]
What is the economy of the city where the first library is located in the country with the same name as the group who sang Horse with No Name?	$363 billion	[]	Title: I Will Walk Like a Crazy Horse Passage: I Will Walk Like a Crazy Horse (French: "J'irai comme un cheval fou", also known as "I Will Go Like a Wild Horse") is a 1973 French surreal drama film directed by Fernando Arrabal. The movie first released on November 22, 1973 in France and stars George Shannon as an epileptic boy who, falsely suspected of murdering his mother, flees to the desert where he meets a hermit and brings him back to the city where the hermit becomes a circus performer. Title: Public libraries in North America Passage: According to Edmund Farwell Slafter, the first public library was founded in Boston by the Rev. John Checkley at the Old State House sometime between 1711 when Boston's Old State House was built, and 1725. In a letter to the Rev. Dr. Thomas Bennet, dated June 15, 1725, Checkley wrote: Title: Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation Passage: In 1997, the charity introduced a U.S. Libraries initiative with a goal of "ensuring that if you can get to a public library, you can reach the internet". Only 35% of the world's population has access to the Internet. The foundation has given grants, installed computers and software, and provided training and technical support in partnership with public libraries nationwide in an effort to increase access and knowledge. Helping provide access and training for these resources, this foundation helps move public libraries into the digital age. Title: Dublin City Public Libraries and Archive Passage: Dublin City Public Libraries is the largest library authority in the Republic of Ireland, serving over half a million people through a network of 21 branch libraries, a number of specialist services and Mobile Library stops. Title: Marjorie Cotton Passage: Marjorie Cotton Isherwood, best known by the name Marjorie Cotton (1913–2003), was the first professionally qualified children's librarian in New South Wales, Australia. She initiated programs that are the basis of services to children in Australian public libraries today. Title: Death Valley Passage: Death Valley is a desert valley located in Eastern California, in the northern Mojave Desert bordering the Great Basin Desert. It is one of the hottest places in the world along with deserts in the Middle East. Title: Lechuguilla Desert Passage: The Lechuguilla Desert is a small desert located in southwestern Arizona near the U.S.-Mexico border. It is considered to be part of the Lower Colorado Valley region of the Sonoran Desert. It lies in a north-south direction between the Gila Mountains and the Cabeza Prieta Mountains, and almost entirely in the Barry M. Goldwater Air Force Range. The desert is named after the Lechuguilla plant, known scientifically as "Agave lecheguilla" which according to the Wikipedia entry for that occurs exclusively in the Chihuahuan desert many hundreds of miles to the east. The desert is also on the north border of the Gran Desierto de Altar of Sonora, Mexico. Title: Boston Passage: A global city, Boston is placed among the top 30 most economically powerful cities in the world. Encompassing $363 billion, the Greater Boston metropolitan area has the sixth-largest economy in the country and 12th-largest in the world. Title: Fayetteville Public Library Passage: The Fayetteville Public Library (also Blair Library and FPL) is a library in Fayetteville, Arkansas. The Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) silver-certified library was named "Library of the Year" in 2005 by "Library Journal" and an "American Landmark Library" by "TravelSmart". Title: Hillsboro Public Library Passage: The Hillsboro Public Library is a two-location public library system in Hillsboro, Oregon, United States. First opened in 1914 in a Carnegie library building, the system provides services to a population area of 137,000 people. As of 2015, the system had a usage of 922,000 visits per year, with circulation nearly 3 million items per year. One library is located near downtown in Shute Park, with the other location in the central portion of the city near the airport. The Hillsboro Public Library is part of Washington County Cooperative Library Services (WCCLS), which ensures library service is available to all residents of Washington County. As of 2015, the director of the library is Stephanie Chase. Title: Waterford City Library Passage: Waterford City Library, also known as the Central Library, is a public library in Waterford, Ireland. It was the first to be built of Ireland's many Carnegie libraries. The philanthropist Andrew Carnegie, who had previously opened libraries in Scotland and the USA, himself laid the foundation stone in 1903. Title: A Horse with No Name Passage: ``A Horse with No Name ''is a song written by Dewey Bunnell, and originally recorded by the folk rock band America. It was the band's first and most successful single, released in late - 1971 in Europe and early - 1972 in the US, and topped the charts in several countries. It was certified gold by the Recording Industry Association of America. Title: Pendleton Center for the Arts Passage: The Pendleton Center for the Arts is an arts center located in the historic former Umatilla County Library building, also known as Pendleton Public Library in Pendleton, Oregon, United States. Title: Connemara Public Library Passage: Connemara Public Library at Egmore in Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, is one of the four National Depository Libraries which receive a copy of all books, newspapers and periodicals published in India. Established in 1890, the library is a repository of centuries-old publications, wherein lie some of the most respected works and collections in the country. It also serves as a depository library for the UN. Title: Innisfil Public Library Passage: The Innisfil Public Library is public library system in Ontario, Canada. The library is a four-branch system. Each branch provides unique services to the community. The branches are located in Stroud, Churchill, Cookstown, and Alcona. Title: Grace Keiser Maring Library Passage: The Grace Keiser Maring Library is located on the south side of Muncie, Indiana, USA. Built at 1808 South Madision Street, the library is next to Heekin Park, the largest and oldest community park in Muncie. The library was the first branch library built in the city. Title: Sang Run, Maryland Passage: Sang Run is an unincorporated community in Garrett County, Maryland, United States. Sang Run is located along the Youghiogheny River, southwest of Accident. Title: Yuma County Library District Passage: The Yuma County Library District serves the population of Yuma County, Arizona. Today the library district consists of the nearly 80,000 square foot Main Library located in Yuma as well as branches in downtown Yuma, the Foothills, Somerton, San Luis, Wellton, Dateland, and Roll. The first Yuma Library, a Carnegie library, opened February 24, 1921 with 1,053 volumes and seating for 20 persons. Located in Sunset Park, the Yuma Carnegie Library underwent several expansions and renovations over the years, including a $4.2 million renovation completed in 2009. The Yuma Carnegie library still operates today as the Heritage Branch Library in downtown Yuma. Title: New York City Passage: The New York Public Library, which has the largest collection of any public library system in the United States, serves Manhattan, the Bronx, and Staten Island. Queens is served by the Queens Borough Public Library, the nation's second largest public library system, while the Brooklyn Public Library serves Brooklyn. Title: Black River Falls Public Library Passage: The Black River Falls Public Library is located in Black River Falls, Wisconsin. It became the first free public library in Wisconsin in 1872. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2007.	[ "A Horse with No Name", "Public libraries in North America", "Boston" ]
Who is the present food minister of the state where Azalapur is located?	Zameer Ahmed Khan	[]	Title: District of Alberta Passage: The District of Alberta was one of four districts of the Northwest Territories created in 1882. It was styled the Alberta Provisional District to distinguish it from the District of Keewatin which had a more autonomous relationship from the NWT administration. Present-day Province of Alberta takes in the District of Alberta and parts of the Districts of Athabasca, Assiniboia and Saskatchewan. Alberta became a province in 1905. Title: RJR Nabisco Passage: RJR Nabisco, Inc., was an American conglomerate, selling tobacco and food products, headquartered in the Calyon Building in Midtown Manhattan, New York City. RJR Nabisco stopped operating as a single entity in 1999; however, both RJR (as R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company) and Nabisco (now part of Mondelēz International) still exist. Title: Baranya County (former) Passage: Baranya (, , / "Baranja", ) was an administrative county (comitatus) of the Kingdom of Hungary. Its territory is now in southern Hungary (the present county Baranya) and northeastern Croatia (part of the Osijek-Baranja county). The capital of the county was Pécs. Title: Azalapur Passage: Azalapur is a panchayat village in the southern state of Karnataka, India. Administratively, Azalapur is under Yadgir Taluka of Yadgir District in Karnataka. The village of Azalapur is 3.5 km by road northwest of the village of Ujjelli in Andhra Pradesh, and 20 km by road east of the census town of Saidapur in Yadgir Taluka. The nearest railhead is in Yadgir. Title: Government of Karnataka Passage: Minister Chief minister (including portfolios like Finance, Energy, Textiles, Cabinet Affairs, Personnel and Administrative Reforms, Intelligence Wing, Planning and Statistics) H.D. Kumaraswamy Deputy Chief Minister (Home, Bangalore City Development) G. Parameshwara Public Works Department excluding Ports & Inland Transport H.D. Revanna Revenue excluding Muzrai, Skill Development and Entrepreneurship R.V. Deshpande Co-operation Bandeppa Kashempur Medium and Major Irrigation and Medical Education D.K. Shivakumar Forest, Ecology & Environment Department Ramesh Jarkiholi Transport D.C. Thammanna Large & Medium Scale Industries, IT and BT, Science and Technology K.J. George Higher Education GT Devegowda Horticulture and Agricultural marketing Srinivas Rural Development and Panchayat Raj, Parliamentary Affairs, Law, Justice and Human Rights Krishna Byregowda Small Scale Industries AND sugar To be allocated Social Welfare (excluding Minority Welfare), Backward Classes Priyank M. Kharge Municipalities & local bodies, Public Enterprises Ramesh Jarkiholi Urban development (excluding Bangalore), City Corporations (excluding BBMP), Urban Land Transport, KUWSDB & KUIDFC, Housing U.T. Khader Health and Family Welfare (excluding Medical Education) Shivanand Patil Labour Venkataramanappa Primary and Secondary Education, N. Mahesh Textiles HD Kumaraswamy Mujarayi Rajashekar Patil Co-operation Bandeppa Kashempur Food and Civil Supplies, Consumer Affairs, Haj Information and wakf Zameer Ahmed Khan Women & Child Welfare and Kannada & Culture Jayamala Minor Irrigation, C.S. Puttaraju Fisheries and Youth services & Sports Venkataramanappa Agriculture N.H. Shivashankar Reddy Mines and Geology Rajshekhar Baswaraj Patil Animal Husbandry, Sericulture Venkatarao Nadagowda Title: Khabarovsky District Passage: Khabarovsky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the seventeen in Khabarovsk Krai, Russia. It consists of two unconnected segments separated by the territory of Amursky District, which are located in the southwest of the krai. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Khabarovsk (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population: Title: Biysky District Passage: Biysky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-nine in Altai Krai, Russia. It is located in the east of the krai and borders with Zonalny, Tselinny, Soltonsky, Krasnogorsky, Sovetsky, and Smolensky Districts, as well as with the territory of the City of Biysk. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Biysk (which is not administratively a part of the district). District's population: Title: Territory of Papua Passage: In 1949, the Territory and the Territory of New Guinea were established in an administrative union by the name of the Territory of Papua and New Guinea. That administrative union was renamed as Papua New Guinea in 1971. Notwithstanding that it was part of an administrative union, the Territory of Papua at all times retained a distinct legal status and identity; it was a Possession of the Crown whereas the Territory of New Guinea was initially a League of Nations mandate territory and subsequently a United Nations trust territory. This important legal and political distinction remained until the advent of the Independent State of Papua New Guinea in 1975. Title: Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok County (former) Passage: Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok was an administrative county (comitatus) in the Kingdom of Hungary. Its territory, which is now in central Hungary, was slightly smaller than that of present Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok county. The capital of the county was Szolnok. Title: Ministry of Consumer Affairs, Food and Public Distribution Passage: The Ministry of Consumer Affairs, Food and Public Distribution is a ministry of India. The Ministry is headed by a minister of Cabinet rank. The current (Cabinet Rank Minister Ram Vilas Paswan. Title: Redbox Bowl Passage: Foster Farms Bowl Stadium Levi's Stadium Location Santa Clara, California Previous stadiums AT&T Park (2002 -- 2013) Previous locations San Francisco, California (2002 -- 2013) Operated 2002 -- present Conference tie - ins Pac - 12 (2006 -- present) Big Ten (2014 -- present) Previous conference tie - ins Big East (2002 -- 2004) Mtn West (2002 -- 2005) ACC (2005 -- 2010) Army (2011) Navy (2012) BYU (2013) Payout US $2,212,500 (as of 2015) Sponsors Diamond Foods, Inc. (2002 -- 2009) Kraft Foods (2010 -- 2012) Foster Farms (2014 -- present) Former names San Francisco Bowl (2002) Diamond Walnut San Francisco Bowl (2002 -- 2003) Emerald Bowl (2004 -- 2009) Kraft Fight Hunger Bowl (2010 -- 2012) Fight Hunger Bowl (2013) 2017 matchup Arizona vs. Purdue (Purdue 38 -- 35) 2018 matchup Title: Arrondissement of Mechelen Passage: The Arrondissement of Mechelen (; ) is one of the three administrative arrondissements in the Province of Antwerp, Belgium. It is both an administrative and a judicial arrondissement, as the territory for both coincides. Title: Ap Lo Chun Passage: Ap Lo Chun () is a small island in the New Territories of Hong Kong. It is located in Ap Chau Bay () between Ap Chau in the east and Sai Ap Chau in the west, with the islet of Ap Tan Pai nearby in the northeast. It is under the administration of North District. Title: Prime minister Passage: Other common forms include president of the council of ministers (for example in Italy, Presidente del Consiglio dei Ministri), President of the Executive Council, or Minister-President. In the Scandinavian countries the prime minister is called statsminister in the native languages (i.e. minister of state). In federations, the head of government of subnational entities such as provinces is most commonly known as the premier, chief minister, governor or minister-president. Title: Union territory Passage: A union territory is a type of administrative division in the Republic of India. Unlike states, which have their own elected governments, union territories are ruled directly by the Union Government (central government), hence the name ``union territory ''. Union territories in India qualify as federal territories, by definition. Title: Paea Passage: Paea is a commune in the suburbs of Papeete in French Polynesia, an overseas territory of France in the southern Pacific Ocean. Paea is located on the island of Tahiti, in the administrative subdivision of the Windward Islands, themselves part of the Society Islands. At the 2017 census it had a population of 13,021. Title: Vilnius County Passage: Vilnius County () is the largest of the 10 counties of Lithuania, located in the east of the country around the city Vilnius. On 1 July 2010, the county administration was abolished, and since that date, Vilnius County remains as the territorial and statistical unit. Title: Premier (Canada) Passage: In Canada, a premier is the head of government of a province or territory. Though the word is merely a synonym for "prime minister", it is employed for provincial prime ministers to differentiate them from the Prime Minister of Canada. There are currently ten provincial premiers and three territorial premiers. These persons are styled "The Honourable" only while in office, unless they are admitted to the Queen's Privy Council for Canada, in which case they retain the title even after leaving the premiership. Title: Moumouni Fabré Passage: Moumouni Fabré (born 28 November 1953) is a Burkinabé politician who has served as the Ambassador of Burkina Faso to South Africa since 2008. He was Minister of Territorial Administration and Decentralization from 2002 to 2006. Title: Bogotá Passage: Bogotá (/ ˈboʊɡətɑː /, / ˌbɒɡəˈtɑː /, / ˌboʊ - /; Spanish pronunciation: (boɣoˈta) (listen)), officially Bogotá, Distrito Capital, abbreviated Bogotá, D.C., and formerly known as Santafé de Bogotá between 1991 and 2000, is the capital and largest city of Colombia, administered as the Capital District, although often thought of as part of Cundinamarca. Bogotá is a territorial entity of the first order, with the same administrative status as the departments of Colombia. It is the political, economic, administrative, industrial, artistic, cultural, and sports center of the country.	[ "Azalapur", "Government of Karnataka" ]
What is the genre of the Inside Out performer's record label?	jaz	[]	Title: Easterly Winds Passage: Easterly Winds is an album by American jazz pianist Jack Wilson featuring performances recorded and released on the Blue Note label in 1967. Title: Joanne (Michael Nesmith song) Passage: ``Joanne ''Song by Michael Nesmith from the album Magnetic South Released 1970 Recorded 1970 Genre Country rock Length 3: 10 Label RCA Victor Songwriter (s) Michael Nesmith Producer (s) Felton Jarvis Title: Work Time Passage: Work Time is an album by jazz saxophonist Sonny Rollins, recorded for the Prestige label, featuring performances by Rollins with Ray Bryant, George Morrow, and Max Roach. Title: ECM Records Passage: ECM (Edition of Contemporary Music) is an independent record label founded by Karl Egger, Manfred Eicher and Manfred Scheffner in Munich in 1969. While ECM is best known for jazz music, the label has released a variety of recordings, and ECM's artists often refuse to acknowledge boundaries between genres. ECM's motto is "the Most Beautiful Sound Next to Silence", taken from a 1971 review of ECM releases in "Coda", a Canadian jazz magazine. Title: From the Inside Out Passage: From the Inside Out is the second studio album by New Zealand emigre recording artist Stan Walker, released on 20 August 2010 through Sony Music Australia. Walker worked with several record producers and songwriters for the album, including Audius Mtawarira, Israel Cruz, Ryan Tedder, Phil Tan and Stuart Crichton, among others. Musically, the album incorporates synthpop, rock, soul and R&B genres. Title: Top and Bottom Brass Passage: Top and Bottom Brass is an album by trumpeter Clark Terry featuring performances recorded in early 1959 and originally released on the Riverside label. Title: Something on the Inside Passage: Something on the Inside is the seventh overall album of gospel singer Vanessa Bell Armstrong, and fourth for major label Jive Records. The title track was released as a single. "Something On The Inside" also reunites her with longtime collaborator and pacesetting gospel producer Thomas Whitfield. This would be Armstrong's last release for the Jive label before being shifted to its gospel sister label Verity Records for 1995's more traditional gospel release "The Secret Is Out". Title: Inside Out (Bon Jovi album) Passage: Inside Out is the second live album by American rock band Bon Jovi, and was released on November 27, 2012. It includes songs from shows at O2 Arena, New Meadowlands Stadium, and Madison Square Garden, recorded during the band's Lost Highway Tour in 2008 and the Circle Tour in 2010. The album was first shown at movie theaters, with screenings preceded by a question-and-answer session with Jon Bon Jovi, Richie Sambora, David Bryan and Tico Torres streamed live from a theater in New York, and was subsequently made available for purchase on iTunes. Title: Matador (Kenny Dorham album) Passage: Matador is an album by American jazz trumpeter Kenny Dorham featuring performances recorded in 1962 and released on the United Artists label. Title: Bach to the Blues Passage: Bach to the Blues is an album performed by the Ramsey Lewis Trio that was recorded in 1964 and released on the Argo label. Title: The Opening (album) Passage: The Opening is a live album by American jazz pianist Mal Waldron featuring a performance recorded in Paris in 1970 and released on the French Futura label. Title: Antoine Marchand Passage: Antoine Marchand is a record label established in 2003 by the Dutch early music performer Ton Koopman. Antoine Marchand is the French translation of Ton Koopman. The label is distributed by Dutch Jazz and classics distributor Challenge. Title: Really Big! Passage: Really Big! is the second album by saxophonist Jimmy Heath featuring big band performances recorded in 1960 and originally released on the Riverside label. Title: The Pink Panther Theme Passage: ``The Pink Panther Theme ''Song by Henry Mancini from the album The Pink Panther Released 1963 Recorded 1963 Genre Jazz Length 2: 40 Label RCA Victor Songwriter (s) Henry Mancini Producer (s) Joe Reitman Title: Jamal Plays Jamal Passage: Jamal Plays Jamal is an album by American jazz pianist Ahmad Jamal featuring performances recorded in 1974 and released on the 20th Century label. Title: The Antidote (Ronny Jordan album) Passage: The Antidote is the debut album by English jazz guitarist Ronny Jordan, that was released by Island Records in 1992. Title: Groovin' High (Booker Ervin album) Passage: Groovin' High is an album by American jazz saxophonist Booker Ervin featuring performances recorded in 1963 and 1964 for the Prestige label. Title: Joel Rafael Passage: Joel Rafael is an American singer-songwriter and folk musician from San Diego County, California. Rafael's second volume to celebrate the songs of Woody Guthrie, was released on Appleseed in 2005. The first volume, "Woodeye", was released on Inside Recordings in 2003. Joel and his acoustic band have been performing and touring nationally since 1993. In 2000, the Joel Rafael Band, comprising Joel Rafael, (lead vocals and guitar), his daughter Jamaica (violin, viola and vocals), Carl Johnson (acoustic lead guitar) and Jeff Berkley (ethno-percussion), released their third album, "Hopper" on Inside Recordings, an independent label created by Jackson Browne and his management. The album was nominated in 2001 for an Association For Independent Music (AFIM) Best Contemporary Folk award. Title: Straight No Filter Passage: Straight No Filter is an album by jazz saxophonist Hank Mobley, recorded mostly in 1963 but not released on the Blue Note label until 1985. The albums compiles performances recorded at four different sessions from 1963 to 1966. Title: Bounce (Bon Jovi album) Passage: Bounce is the eighth studio album by American rock band Bon Jovi, released on October 8, 2002 through Island Records. Produced by Luke Ebbin, Jon Bon Jovi and Richie Sambora, the album was recorded at Sanctuary II Studio in New Jersey.	[ "The Antidote (Ronny Jordan album)", "Bounce (Bon Jovi album)", "Inside Out (Bon Jovi album)" ]
Which Confederate general failed to capture the Union fort at the city where the Southern Sociological Society is located?	James Longstreet	[]	Title: Union territory Passage: A union territory is a type of administrative division in the Republic of India. Unlike states, which have their own elected governments, union territories are ruled directly by the Union Government (central government), hence the name ``union territory ''. Union territories in India qualify as federal territories, by definition. Title: Tennessee Passage: Confederates held East Tennessee despite the strength of Unionist sentiment there, with the exception of extremely pro-Confederate Sullivan County. The Confederates, led by General James Longstreet, did attack General Burnside's Fort Sanders at Knoxville and lost. It was a big blow to East Tennessee Confederate momentum, but Longstreet won the Battle of Bean's Station a few weeks later. The Confederates besieged Chattanooga during the Chattanooga Campaign in early fall 1863, but were driven off by Grant in November. Many of the Confederate defeats can be attributed to the poor strategic vision of General Braxton Bragg, who led the Army of Tennessee from Perryville, Kentucky to another Confederate defeat at Chattanooga. Title: USS J. W. Wilder (1859) Passage: USS "J. W. Wilder" (1859) was a schooner captured by the Union Navy during the American Civil War. She was used by the Union Navy as a tender in support of the Union Navy blockade of Confederate waterways. Title: Goa liberation movement Passage: Major General Kunhiraman Palat Candeth was appointed military governor of Goa that was first created by British government in 1934. In 1963, the Parliament of India passed the 12th Amendment Act to the Constitution of India, formally integrating the captured territories into the Indian Union. Goa, Daman and Diu became a Union Territory. Dadra and Nagar Haveli, which was previously a part of the Estado da India, but independent between 1954 and 1961, became a separate Union Territory. Title: Paea Passage: Paea is a commune in the suburbs of Papeete in French Polynesia, an overseas territory of France in the southern Pacific Ocean. Paea is located on the island of Tahiti, in the administrative subdivision of the Windward Islands, themselves part of the Society Islands. At the 2017 census it had a population of 13,021. Title: Jacksonville, Florida Passage: During the American Civil War, Jacksonville was a key supply point for hogs and cattle being shipped from Florida to aid the Confederate cause. The city was blockaded by Union forces, who gained control of the nearby Fort Clinch. Though no battles were fought in Jacksonville proper, the city changed hands several times between Union and Confederate forces. The Skirmish of the Brick Church in 1862 just outside Jacksonville proper resulted in the first Confederate victory in Florida. In February 1864 Union forces left Jacksonville and confronted a Confederate Army at the Battle of Olustee resulting in a Confederate victory. Union forces then retreated to Jacksonville and held the city for the remainder of the war. In March 1864 a Confederate cavalry confronted a Union expedition resulting in the Battle of Cedar Creek. Warfare and the long occupation left the city disrupted after the war. Title: Virginia in the American Civil War Passage: The Commonwealth of Virginia was a prominent part of the Confederate States during the American Civil War. As a slave - holding state, it held a state convention to deal with the secession crisis, and voted against secession on 4 April 1861. Opinion shifted after 15 April, when U.S. President Abraham Lincoln called for troops from all states still in the Union to put down the rebellion, following the capture of Fort Sumter, and the Virginia convention voted to declare secession from the Union. (In the Western counties, where there was little slavery, pro-Union sentiment remained strong, and they presently seceded from Virginia as a separate Union state, West Virginia.) Title: Fort Sumter Passage: The First Battle of Fort Sumter began on April 12, 1861, when Confederate artillery fired on the Union garrison. These were the first shots of the war and continued all day, watched by many civilians in a celebratory spirit. The fort had been cut off from its supply line and surrendered the next day. The Second Battle of Fort Sumter (September 8, 1863) was a failed attempt by the Union to retake the fort, dogged by a rivalry between army and navy commanders. Although the fort was reduced to rubble, it remained in Confederate hands until it was evacuated as General Sherman marched through South Carolina in February 1865. Title: Battle of Gettysburg Passage: The two armies suffered between 46,000 and 51,000 casualties. Union casualties were 23,055 (3,155 killed, 14,531 wounded, 5,369 captured or missing), while Confederate casualties are more difficult to estimate. Many authors have referred to as many as 28,000 Confederate casualties, and Busey and Martin's more recent 2005 work, Regimental Strengths and Losses at Gettysburg, documents 23,231 (4,708 killed, 12,693 wounded, 5,830 captured or missing). Nearly a third of Lee's general officers were killed, wounded, or captured. The casualties for both sides during the entire campaign were 57,225. Title: Cecil Clay Passage: Cecil Clay (February 13, 1842 – September 23, 1903) was captain of Company K in the 58th Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry Regiment in the Union Army during the American Civil War. He performed gallantly while wounded, earning the Medal of Honor for his actions during the assault and capture of Fort Harrison, Virginia in the Confederate defenses of Richmond, Virginia on September 29, 1864. He was later chief clerk of the United States Department of Justice. Title: Southern Sociological Society Passage: The Southern Sociological Society (SSS) was established in 1935 by a group of colleagues in Knoxville, Tennessee in an organizational meeting April 20–21. This meeting emerged from an earlier gathering of Southern sociologists at the American Sociological Society (now the American Sociological Association) in 1934 between Charles S. Johnson, E. T. Krueger, Wilson Gee, and probably Rupert Vance (who worked for Johnson). The organization of the Knoxville meeting was chaired by E.T. Krueger, the program made by William E. Cole, and the constitution drafted by Rupert Vance with assistance from Wilson Gee. Title: Benjamin Franklin Gordon Passage: Benjamin Franklin Gordon (May 18, 1826 – September 22, 1866) was a Confederate States Army colonel during the American Civil War (Civil War). Gordon had been a private and bugler for a Missouri regiment serving in the U.S. Army during the Mexican–American War. Gordon served in the Confederate Army under Brigadier General Joseph O. "Jo" Shelby in Missouri and Arkansas in the Confederate Trans-Mississippi Department throughout the war. On May 16, 1865, with the war coming to an end, General E. Kirby Smith, as the Confederate commander of the Trans-Mississippi Department, assigned Gordon to duty as a brigadier general. The Confederate government took no action on the appointment and Confederate President Jefferson Davis did not officially appoint and nominate Gordon to the rank of brigadier general because the Confederate Senate last met on March 18, 1865, and Davis was captured by Union troops on May 10, 1865. Although he was only aged 40 at his death, Gordon survived the war by little more than a year. Title: Louisa Hawkins Canby Passage: Louisa Hawkins Canby (December 25, 1818 – 1889) was nicknamed the "Angel of Santa Fe" in 1862 for her compassion toward sick, wounded, and freezing Confederate soldiers at Santa Fe, New Mexico. Mrs. Canby was the wife of Union Brig. Gen. Edward Richard Sprigg Canby whose order to destroy or hide not only weapons and ammunition but all food, equipment, and blankets prior to any retreat was largely responsible for the Confederates' misery. Taking pity on her husband's enemies, Mrs. Canby not only organized other officers' wives to nurse the sick and wounded among the occupying Confederate forces, but also showed Col. William Read Scurry where fleeing Union forces had hidden blankets and food. Mrs. Canby, said one rebel, "captured more hearts of Confederate soldier [sic] than the old general ever captured Confederate bodies." Title: Colorado Territory Passage: During the Civil War, the tide of new miners into the territory slowed to a trickle, and many left for the East to fight. The Missourians who stayed formed two volunteer regiments, as well as home guard. Although seemingly stationed at the periphery of the war theaters, the Colorado regiments found themselves in a crucial position in 1862 after the Confederate invasion of the New Mexico Territory by General Henry Sibley and a force of Texans. Sibley's New Mexico campaign was intended as a prelude to an invasion of the Colorado Territory northward to Fort Laramie, cutting the supply lines between California and the rest of the Union. The Coloradans, under the command of Union Army General Edward Canby and Colonel John P. Slough, Lt. Col. Samuel F. Tappan and Major John M. Chivington, defeated Sibley's force at the two day Battle of Glorieta Pass along the Santa Fe Trail, thwarting the Confederate strategy. Title: USS Sea Bird (1863) Passage: USS "Sea Bird" (1863) was a captured Confederate schooner acquired by the Union Navy from the prize court during the American Civil War. Title: USS Rosalie (1863) Passage: USS "Rosalie" (1863) was a captured Confederate sloop acquired by the Union Navy from the prize court during the American Civil War. Title: Richmond, Virginia Passage: President Abraham Lincoln visited General Grant at Petersburg on April 3, and took a launch to Richmond the next day, while Jefferson Davis attempted to organize his Confederate government at Danville. Lincoln met Confederate assistant secretary of War John A. Campbell, and handed him a note inviting Virginia's legislature to end their rebellion. After Campbell spun the note to Confederate legislators as a possible end to the Emancipation Proclamation, Lincoln rescinded his offer and ordered General Weitzel to prevent the Confederate state legislature from meeting. Union forces killed, wounded or captured 8000 Confederate troops at Saylor's Creek southwest of Petersburg on April 6. General Lee continued to reject General Grant's surrender suggestion until Sheridan's infantry and cavalry appeared in front of his retreating army on April 8. He surrendered his remaining approximately 10000 troops at Appomattox Court House the following morning. Jefferson Davis retreated to North Carolina, then further south. when Lincoln rejected the surrender terms negotiated by general Sherman and envoys of North Carolina governor Zebulon Vance, which failed to mention slavery. Davis was captured on May 10 near Irwinville, Georgia and taken back to Virginia, where he was charged with treason and imprisoned for two years at Fort Monroe until freed on bail. Title: American Civil War Passage: American Civil War Clockwise from top: Battle of Gettysburg, Union Captain John Tidball's artillery, Confederate prisoners, ironclad USS Atlanta, ruins of Richmond, Virginia, Battle of Franklin Date April 12, 1861 -- May 9, 1865 (4 years, 3 weeks and 6 days) Location Southern United States, Northeastern United States, Western United States, Atlantic Ocean Result Union victory: Dissolution of the Confederate States U.S. territorial integrity preserved Slavery abolished Beginning of the Reconstruction Era Belligerents United States Confederate States Commanders and leaders Abraham Lincoln Ulysses S. Grant William T. Sherman David Farragut George B. McClellan Henry Halleck George Meade and others... Jefferson Davis Robert E. Lee J.E. Johnston G.T. Beauregard A.S. Johnston † Braxton Bragg and others... Strength 2,200,000: Union Army Union Marines Union Navy Revenue Service 698,000 (peak) 750,000 -- 1,000,000: Confederate Army Confederate Marines Confederate Navy 360,000 (peak) Casualties and losses 110,000 + killed in action / died of wounds 230,000 + accident / disease deaths 25,000 -- 30,000 died in Confederate prisons 365,000 + total dead 282,000 + wounded 181,193 captured Total: 828,000 + casualties 94,000 + killed in action / died of wounds 26,000 -- 31,000 died in Union prisons 290,000 + total dead 137,000 + wounded 436,658 captured Total: 864,000 + casualties 50,000 free civilians dead 80,000 + slaves dead Total: 785,000 -- 1,000,000 + dead Title: Territory of Papua Passage: In 1949, the Territory and the Territory of New Guinea were established in an administrative union by the name of the Territory of Papua and New Guinea. That administrative union was renamed as Papua New Guinea in 1971. Notwithstanding that it was part of an administrative union, the Territory of Papua at all times retained a distinct legal status and identity; it was a Possession of the Crown whereas the Territory of New Guinea was initially a League of Nations mandate territory and subsequently a United Nations trust territory. This important legal and political distinction remained until the advent of the Independent State of Papua New Guinea in 1975. Title: USS Bermuda Passage: USS "Bermuda" (1861) was a large steamer captured by the Union Navy during the American Civil War. She was used by the Union Navy as a cargo and general transport ship in support of the Union Navy blockade of Confederate waterways, primarily in Florida and the Gulf of Mexico. However, despite being a valuable cargo ship, she proved very adept at capturing blockade runners as her record proves.	[ "Tennessee", "Southern Sociological Society" ]
Where were the paternal grandparents from for the artist who released an album in 1983 with the title of her own name?	Pacentro, Italy	[ "Pacentro" ]	Title: The Bravest Man in the Universe Passage: The Bravest Man in the Universe is the twenty-seventh and final studio album by the American soul artist Bobby Womack. Released in June 8, 2012, it was his first studio album since 2000 and his first album of original material since 1994's "Resurrection". It was produced by Damon Albarn and Richard Russell and released on the UK-based XL Recordings label. "The Bravest Man in the Universe" is the final album to be released in Womack's lifetime, as "The Best Is Yet to Come" will be released posthumously. Title: The Man Comes Around (song) Passage: ``The Man Comes Around ''Song by Johnny Cash from the album American IV: The Man Comes Around Released May 24, 2002 Genre Folk country gospel Length 4: 26 Label American Recordings Universal Songwriter (s) Johnny Cash Producer (s) Rick Rubin John Carter Cash Title: William Emerson Ritter Passage: William Emerson Ritter was born on a farm on November 21, 1856 in Hampden Township, Columbia County, Wisconsin. His parents, Horatio and Leonora Ritter, moved from New York a few years earlier. The Ritter household included William, his brother Frank, his sisters Mary, Ella, and Flora, and his maternal grandparents, Nathan and Ruby Eason. For the first few years of his life his paternal grandparents, Ezra and Mary Ritter, were also living in the area. The family worked hard on the farm, cultivating corn, wheat, potatoes, apples, and other crops. Title: God Bless the U.S.A. Passage: ``God Bless the U.S.A. ''Single by Lee Greenwood from the album You've Got a Good Love Comin 'B - side`` This Old Bed'' Released May 21, 1984 (1984 - 05 - 21) Format Audio cassette (original release) CD single (re-release) Recorded November 1983 Nashville, Tennessee Genre Patriotic, country Length 3: 09 (album & single versions) 5: 30 (video version) Label MCA Nashville Songwriter (s) Lee Greenwood Producer (s) Jerry Crutchfield Lee Greenwood singles chronology ``Going, Going, Gone ''(1983)`` God Bless the U.S.A.'' (1984) ``Fool's Gold ''(1984) Alternative cover 2001 re-release cover Title: When I Come Around Passage: ``When I Come Around ''Single by Green Day from the album Dookie Released January 31, 1995 Format CD single Recorded Genre Punk rock alternative rock Length 2: 58 Label Reprise, WEA International Songwriter (s) Billie Joe Armstrong, Mike Dirnt, and Tré Cool Producer (s) Rob Cavallo and Green Day Green Day singles chronology`` Basket Case'' (1994) ``When I Come Around ''(1995)`` She'' (1995) ``Basket Case ''(1994)`` When I Come Around'' (1995) ``She ''(1995) Title: Fruitcakes (album) Passage: Fruitcakes is the eighteenth studio album by American popular music singer-songwriter Jimmy Buffett. This album was released in May 1994, coming off a five-year hiatus from the recording studio since 1989's "Off to See the Lizard". Title: Born in '58 Passage: "Born in '58" is the last single from Bruce Dickinson's debut solo album, "Tattooed Millionaire", released on March 25 1991. The song is about Bruce Dickinson's early life, growing up with his Grandparents in Worksop (Dickinson was born in 1958). Title: Rip It Up (Orange Juice song) Passage: ``Rip It Up ''Single by Orange Juice from the album Rip It Up B - side`` Snake Charmer'' ``A Sad Lament ''Released February 1983 Format 7'' 12 ''Recorded Berwick Street Studios, London Genre Post-punk Label Polydor Songwriter (s) Edwyn Collins Producer (s) Martin Hayles Orange Juice singles chronology`` I Ca n't Help Myself'' (1982) ``Rip It Up ''(1983)`` Flesh of My Flesh'' (1983) ``I Ca n't Help Myself ''(1982)`` Rip It Up'' (1983) ``Flesh of My Flesh ''(1983) Title: Madonna (entertainer) Passage: Madonna was born to Catholic parents Silvio Anthony "Tony" Ciccone (b. 1931) and Madonna Louise Fortin (c. 1933 – December 1, 1963) in Bay City, Michigan, on August 16, 1958. Her father's parents were immigrants from Pacentro, Italy, while her mother was of French-Canadian ancestry. Tony worked as an engineer designer for Chrysler and General Motors. Since Madonna had the same name as her mother, family members called her "Little Nonni". She has two elder brothers, Anthony (born 1956) and Martin (born 1957), and three younger siblings, Paula (born 1959), Christopher (born 1960), and Melanie (born 1962). Title: Mahaut, Countess of Artois Passage: She was the eldest child (and only daughter) of Robert II, Count of Artois, and Amicie de Courtenay. Her paternal grandparents were Robert I, Count of Artois, and Matilda of Brabant. Her maternal grandparents were Pierre de Courtenay, Seigneur de Conches, and Perronelle de Joigny. She was the sister of Philip of Artois (1269–1298) and Robert of Artois (born 1271). Title: The Sea of Memories Passage: The Sea of Memories is the fifth studio album by English alternative rock band Bush, released on 13 September 2011 through Zuma Rock Records, E1 Music and earMUSIC. It is the band's first studio album in ten years, following 2001's "Golden State", and the first to be recorded with Chris Traynor and Corey Britz on lead guitar and bass, respectively. It is also the first Bush album released on E1 Records, marking their first venture away from Interscope (or Atlantic), who handled all of their previous releases. The album's title comes from a line in the song "Baby Come Home". The cover art is by Los Angeles-based street artist, RETNA. Title: All Night Long (All Night) Passage: ``All Night Long (All Night) ''7'' cover Single by Lionel Richie from the album Ca n't Slow Down B - side`` Wandering Stranger ''Released August 31, 1983 Format 7 ``, 12'' Length 4: 20 (Single edit) 6: 19 (Album version) Label Motown Songwriter (s) Lionel Richie Producer (s) Lionel Richie James Anthony Carmichael Lionel Richie singles chronology`` My Love ''(1983) ``All Night Long (All Night)'' (1983)`` Running with the Night ''(1983) ``My Love'' (1983)`` All Night Long (All Night) ''(1983) ``Running with the Night'' (1983) Title: Seven and the Ragged Tiger Passage: Seven and the Ragged Tiger is the third studio album by English new wave band Duran Duran. It was released on 21 November 1983 by EMI. It was the band's first and only number one album on the UK Albums Chart, and would prove to be the last studio album for the band's most famous line-up until 2004's "Astronaut". Title: Jean-François Copé Passage: Jean-François Copé was born in Boulogne-Billancourt, the son of Professor Roland Copé, a surgeon of Romanian Jewish origin, and Monique Ghanassia, of Algerian Jewish origin. His paternal grandparents were Marcu Hirs Copelovici, a physician born in Iaşi (Romania), and Gisele Lazerovici. His maternal grandparents were Ismael André Ghanassia, a lawyer in Algiers (son of Moïse Ghanassia and Djouhar Soussi, from Miliana, in Algeria), and Lise Boukhabza (granddaughter of a Tunisian rabbi). Title: SPY Records Passage: SPY Records closed in 1980. John Cale then released three albums on ZE Records: "Music For A New Society" (1982), "Caribbean Sunset" (1983) and "Comes Alive" (1984). Title: Madonna (entertainer) Passage: Born in Bay City, Michigan, Madonna moved to New York City in 1977 to pursue a career in modern dance. After performing in the music groups Breakfast Club and Emmy, she signed with Sire Records (an auxiliary label of Warner Bros. Records) in 1982 and released her self-titled debut album the following year. She followed it with a series of commercially and critcally successful albums, including the Grammy Award winners Ray of Light (1998) and Confessions on a Dance Floor (2005). Throughout her career, Madonna has written and produced most of her songs, with many of them reaching number one on the record charts, including "Like a Virgin", "Into the Groove", "Papa Don't Preach", "Like a Prayer", "Vogue", "Frozen", "Music", "Hung Up", and "4 Minutes". Title: Turn Me On (Mark Dinning song) Passage: ``Turn Me On ''Single by Norah Jones from the album First Sessions / Come Away with Me Released 2003 Format CD single Recorded 2002 Genre Jazz, pop Length 2: 34 Label Blue Note Songwriter (s) John D. Loudermilk Producer (s) Lee Alexander, Norah Jones Norah Jones singles chronology`` Come Away with Me'' (2003) ``Turn Me On ''(2003)`` Sunrise'' (2004) ``Come Away with Me ''(2003)`` Turn Me On'' (2004) ``Sunrise ''(2004) Title: Japanese honorifics Passage: Chan (ちゃん) is a diminutive suffix; it expresses that the speaker finds a person endearing. It is seemingly said to have come from a "cute" pronouncing of -san (in Japanese, replacing s sounds with ch sounds is seen as cute), although there is no evidence otherwise as this suffix has been used since the early days of ancient Japan. In general, -chan is used for babies, young children, close friends, grandparents and sometimes female adolescents. It may also be used towards cute animals, lovers, or a youthful woman. Using -chan with a superior's name is considered to be condescending and rude. Title: Virginia de' Medici Passage: Born in Florence on 29 May 1568, Virginia was the illegitimate daughter of Cosimo I de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany and his mistress Camilla Martelli. Her paternal grandparents were the famous condottiere Giovanni dalle Bande Nere and his wife Maria Salviati (in turn the granddaughter of Lorenzo the Magnificent) and her maternal grandparents were Antonio Martelli and Fiammetta Soderini, both members of the most important families among the Florentine patricians. Title: Agata Passent Passage: She was born in Warsaw into a family with Jewish roots, as a daughter of a journalist Daniel Passent and a poet Agnieszka Osiecka. Her paternal grandparents were killed during the Holocaust in the Warsaw Ghetto. Her maternal grandparents – Wiktor Osiecki, a pianist and Maria Sztechman – survived World War II and lived in Saska Kępa. Passent, who spent her childhood in Falenica, came back to Warsaw with her family at the age of five. In 1979 they moved to Cambridge, then back to Warsaw and then to Newton, where she graduated from the Buckingham Browne & Nichols school. In 1995 Agata Passent graduated with a major in German studies from Harvard University and she returned to Poland.	[ "Madonna (entertainer)" ]
What is the county seat of the county that also contains the city where WUFL is licensed to broadcast?	Mount Clemens	[ "Mount Clemens, Michigan" ]	Title: Barb Dempsey Passage: Barbel "Barb" Dempsey (January 13, 1948, ) the current mayor of Mount Clemens, Michigan, the county seat of Macomb County. An Independent, she is the city's third female mayor. As mayor, she initiated the Mount Clemens Downtown Program. Via this program, the city's downtown saw massive redevelopment, including repair of the County Building, the tallest structure in the county. She ran unopposed in the 2007 election and won by a massive landslide in the 2009 mayoral election against opponent Steve Ferdig. Dempsey and Mayor Karen Majewski of Hamtramck have been compared, as they are both female mayors of smaller Michigan cities with aging infrastructure and large amounts of urban decay. She also initiated a CCTV camera program. Title: Tatra County Passage: Tatra County () is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Lesser Poland Voivodeship, southern Poland, on the Slovak border. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and only town is Zakopane, which lies south of the regional capital Kraków. The county takes its name from the Tatra mountain range, which covers most of its territory. Title: Tumaraa Passage: Tumaraa is a commune of French Polynesia, an overseas territory of France in the Pacific Ocean. The commune of Tumaraa is located on the island of Raiatea, in the administrative subdivision of the Leeward Islands, themselves part of the Society Islands. At the 2017 census it had a population of 3,721, making it the least populous commune on Raiatea. Title: Territories of the United States Passage: Territories of the United States are sub-national administrative divisions directly overseen by the United States Federal Government. Unlike U.S. states and Native American tribes which exercise limited sovereignty alongside the federal government, territories are without sovereignty. The territories are classified by whether they are incorporated and whether they have an ``organized ''government through an Organic Act passed by the U.S. Congress. Title: States of Germany Passage: Local associations of a special kind are an amalgamation of one or more Landkreise with one or more Kreisfreie Städte to form a replacement of the aforementioned administrative entities at the district level. They are intended to implement simplification of administration at that level. Typically, a district-free city or town and its urban hinterland are grouped into such an association, or Kommunalverband besonderer Art. Such an organization requires the issuing of special laws by the governing state, since they are not covered by the normal administrative structure of the respective states. Title: Sterling Heights, Michigan Passage: Sterling Heights is a city in Macomb County of the U.S. state of Michigan, and one of Detroit's core suburbs. As of the 2010 census, the city had a total population of 129,699. It is the second largest suburb in Metro Detroit, and the fourth largest city in Michigan. Sterling Heights consistently ranks as the safest city in Michigan with population of over 100,000. Title: Marussia Motors Passage: In April 2014, the Marussia Motors company was disbanded, with staff leaving to join a government-run technical institute. The Marussia F1 team continued unaffected as a British entity, independent of the Russian car company. However, on 7 November 2014 the administrator announced that the F1 team had ceased trading. Title: Texas–Indian wars Passage: Although several Indian tribes occupied territory in the area, the preeminent nation was the Comanche, known as the ``Lords of the Plains. ''Their territory, the Comancheria, was the most powerful entity and persistently hostile to the Spanish, the Mexicans, and finally, the Texans. This article covers the conflicts from 1820, just before Mexico gained independence from Spain, until 1875, when the last free band of Plains Indians, the Comanches led by Quahadi warrior Quanah Parker, surrendered and moved to the Fort Sill reservation in Oklahoma. Title: Biłgoraj County Passage: Biłgoraj County () is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Lublin Voivodeship, eastern Poland. It was established on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Biłgoraj, which lies south of the regional capital Lublin. The county contains three other towns: Tarnogród, lying south of Biłgoraj, Józefów, lying east of Biłgoraj, and Frampol, north of Biłgoraj. Title: Moorea-Maiao Passage: Moorea-Maiao is a commune of French Polynesia, an overseas territory of France in the Pacific Ocean. The commune is in the administrative subdivision of the Windward Islands. At the 2017 census it had a population of 17,816. Title: Federalism Passage: Usually, a federation is formed at two levels: the central government and the regions (states, provinces, territories), and little to nothing is said about second or third level administrative political entities. Brazil is an exception, because the 1988 Constitution included the municipalities as autonomous political entities making the federation tripartite, encompassing the Union, the States, and the municipalities. Each state is divided into municipalities (municípios) with their own legislative council (câmara de vereadores) and a mayor (prefeito), which are partly autonomous from both Federal and State Government. Each municipality has a "little constitution", called "organic law" (lei orgânica). Mexico is an intermediate case, in that municipalities are granted full-autonomy by the federal constitution and their existence as autonomous entities (municipio libre, "free municipality") is established by the federal government and cannot be revoked by the states' constitutions. Moreover, the federal constitution determines which powers and competencies belong exclusively to the municipalities and not to the constituent states. However, municipalities do not have an elected legislative assembly. Title: James Millner (doctor) Passage: James Stokes Millner MD (1830 – 25 February 1875) was a medical practitioner and administrator in the early history of the Northern Territory of Australia. Title: WUFL Passage: WUFL is a non-commercial Christian AM radio station in Sterling Heights, Michigan, operating on 1030 kHz. The station broadcasts with 5,000 watts, daytime only, with coverage of the Detroit, Michigan metropolitan area. WUFL is a Class D station operating on the clear-channel frequency of 1030 AM; WBZ in Boston, Massachusetts is the dominant Class A station on this frequency. Title: Vilnius County Passage: Vilnius County () is the largest of the 10 counties of Lithuania, located in the east of the country around the city Vilnius. On 1 July 2010, the county administration was abolished, and since that date, Vilnius County remains as the territorial and statistical unit. Title: Republic of Užice Passage: The Republic of Užice ( / ) was a short-lived liberated Yugoslav territory and the first liberated territory in World War II Europe, organized as a military mini-state that existed in the autumn of 1941 in occupied Yugoslavia, more specifically the western part of the Territory of the Military Commander in Serbia. The Republic was established by the Partisan resistance movement and its administrative center was in the town of Užice. Title: Arrondissement of Mechelen Passage: The Arrondissement of Mechelen (; ) is one of the three administrative arrondissements in the Province of Antwerp, Belgium. It is both an administrative and a judicial arrondissement, as the territory for both coincides. Title: Pettai, Karaikal Passage: Pettai is a panchayat village and revenue village in Pondicherry Union Territory, India. Administratively, Pettai is under the Thirunallar Taluk (formerly Thirunallar Commune Panchayat) of Karaikal District, Pondicherry Union Territory. Pettai is situated on the banks of the Arasalar River, to the west of Karaikal town and south of Thirunallar. Title: Kiri Territory Passage: Kiri Territory is an administrative region in the Mai-Ndombe District of Bandundu Province, Democratic Republic of the Congo. The headquarters is the town of Kiri. Title: Khabarovsky District Passage: Khabarovsky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the seventeen in Khabarovsk Krai, Russia. It consists of two unconnected segments separated by the territory of Amursky District, which are located in the southwest of the krai. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Khabarovsk (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population: Title: Saulkrasti Municipality Passage: Saulkrasti Municipality () is a municipality in Vidzeme, Latvia. The municipality was formed in 2009 by reorganization of Saulkrasti town with its countryside territory, with the administrative centre being Saulkrasti. In 2010 Saulkrasti parish was created from the countryside territory of Saulkrasti town.	[ "Barb Dempsey", "Sterling Heights, Michigan", "WUFL" ]
The southeastern frontier of the country that shares Lake Constance with Germany and the country the von Trapp family escapes to in Sound of Music is an example of what?	march	[ "Mar", "March" ]	Title: The Sound of Music (film) Passage: Later that night at the festival, during their final number, the von Trapp family slip away and seek shelter at the nearby abbey, where Mother Abbess hides them in the cemetery crypt. Brownshirts soon arrive and search the abbey, but the family is able to escape using the caretaker's car. When the soldiers attempt to pursue, they discover their cars will not start as two nuns have removed parts of the engines. The next morning, after driving to the Swiss border, the von Trapp family make their way on foot across the frontier into Switzerland to safety and freedom. Title: Computational complexity theory Passage: To further highlight the difference between a problem and an instance, consider the following instance of the decision version of the traveling salesman problem: Is there a route of at most 2000 kilometres passing through all of Germany's 15 largest cities? The quantitative answer to this particular problem instance is of little use for solving other instances of the problem, such as asking for a round trip through all sites in Milan whose total length is at most 10 km. For this reason, complexity theory addresses computational problems and not particular problem instances. Title: The Duchess of Buffalo Passage: The Duchess of Buffalo is a 1926 American silent romantic comedy film produced by and starring Constance Talmadge and released through First National Pictures. It is based on the 1916 Broadway stage musical "Sybil", which is this film's alternate title. Title: Jezioro Bodenskie Passage: Jezioro Bodenskie (en: Lake of Constance) is a 1986 Polish film directed by Janusz Zaorski. It won the Golden Leopard at the 1986 Locarno International Film Festival. Title: Säntis Passage: At 2,501.9 metres above sea level, Säntis is the highest mountain in the Alpstein massif of northeastern Switzerland. It is also the culminating point of the whole Appenzell Alps, between Lake Walen and Lake Constance. Shared by three cantons, the mountain is a highly visible landmark thanks to its exposed northerly position within the Alpstein massif. As a consequence, houses called "Säntisblick" (English: "Säntis view") can be found in regions as far away as the Black Forest in Germany. Säntis is among the most prominent summits in the Alps and the most prominent summit in Europe with an observation deck on the top. The panorama from the summit is spectacular. Six countries can be seen if the weather allows: Switzerland, Germany, Austria, Liechtenstein, France, and Italy. Title: Rhine Passage: The Rhine emerges from Lake Constance, flows generally westward, as the Hochrhein, passes the Rhine Falls, and is joined by its major tributary, the river Aare. The Aare more than doubles the Rhine's water discharge, to an average of nearly 1,000 m3/s (35,000 cu ft/s), and provides more than a fifth of the discharge at the Dutch border. The Aare also contains the waters from the 4,274 m (14,022 ft) summit of Finsteraarhorn, the highest point of the Rhine basin. The Rhine roughly forms the German-Swiss border from Lake Constance with the exceptions of the canton of Schaffhausen and parts of the cantons of Zürich and Basel-Stadt, until it turns north at the so-called Rhine knee at Basel, leaving Switzerland. Title: Wolves (1930 film) Passage: Wolves is a 1930 British crime film directed by Albert de Courville and starring Charles Laughton, Dorothy Gish and Malcolm Keen. The screenplay concerns a woman who is captured by a gang of criminals operating in the Arctic, only for the leader to later help her escape. It was based on a play by Georges Toudouze. It was produced by Herbert Wilcox's British and Dominions Film Corporation, but filmed at the Blattner Studios whilst sound equipment was being installed at Wilcox's nearby Imperial Studios, and the sound was added after filming was completed. It was Gish's first sound film, and was Laughton's second talkie (but his first sound drama), having completed a film of a musical variety performance earlier the same year. Of 57 minutes original duration, it was released in 1936 in a 37-minute version retitled "Wanted Men". Title: Kressbronn am Bodensee Passage: Kressbronn am Bodensee is a commune and a village in the district of Bodensee in Baden-Württemberg in Germany. It lies on Lake Constance. Title: Margraviate of Austria Passage: The Margraviate of Austria was a southeastern frontier march of the Holy Roman Empire created in 976 out of the territory on the border with the Principality of Hungary. Originally under the overlordship of the Dukes of Bavaria, it was ruled by margraves of the Franconian Babenberg dynasty. It became an Imperial State in its own right, when the Babenbergs were elevated to Dukes of Austria in 1156. Title: Arenenberg Passage: Arenenberg is an estate with a small chateau, Schloss Arenenberg, in the municipality of Salenstein at the shore of Lake Constance in Thurgau, Switzerland that is famous as the final domicile of Hortense de Beauharnais. Today it houses the "Napoleonmuseum". It is a Swiss heritage site of national significance. Title: Rhine Passage: Lake Constance consists of three bodies of water: the Obersee ("upper lake"), the Untersee ("lower lake"), and a connecting stretch of the Rhine, called the Seerhein ("Lake Rhine"). The lake is situated in Germany, Switzerland and Austria near the Alps. Specifically, its shorelines lie in the German states of Bavaria and Baden-Württemberg, the Austrian state of Vorarlberg, and the Swiss cantons of Thurgau and St. Gallen. The Rhine flows into it from the south following the Swiss-Austrian border. It is located at approximately 47°39′N 9°19′E / 47.650°N 9.317°E / 47.650; 9.317. Title: Appietus Passage: Appiah Dankwah, popularly known as Appietus (born 12 March 1977) is a Ghanaian actor musician, music producer and sound engineer based in Accra, Ghana. The name Appietus gained prominence from his signature "Appietus in the mix". It was, however, coined from the phrase "Appiahs' Tools". He has been the winner of six music industry awards in the 10-year span from the start of his career. He won the Ghana Music Honours 2015 Best Music Producer and Sound Engineer award, Sun Shine Music Awards 2010 Best Sound Engineer award and the UK Ghana Music Awards, Best Sound Engineer in 2008. His remarkable work has also led him to represent the country in some international programs including WOMEX 2013 in Wales, UK, and Worldtronics in Berlin, Germany, 2012. Title: Württembergischer Yacht Club Passage: The Württembergischer Yacht-Club (WYC) is a yacht club in Friedrichshafen. It is located on the shores of Lake Constance, Germany. This club was established in January 1911 as the "Königlich Württembergischer Yacht-Club" (Royal Yacht Club of Württemberg). Title: Emerson, Lake & Palmer Passage: Emerson, Lake & Palmer (ELP) were an English progressive rock supergroup formed in London in 1970. The band consisted of keyboardist Keith Emerson, singer, bassist and producer Greg Lake and drummer and percussionist Carl Palmer. With nine RIAA - certified gold record albums in the US, and an estimated 48 million records sold worldwide, they were one of the most popular and commercially successful progressive rock bands in the 1970s, with a musical sound including adaptations of classical music with jazz and symphonic rock elements, dominated by Emerson's flamboyant use of the Hammond organ, Moog synthesizer, and piano (although Lake wrote several acoustic songs for the group). Title: Um Himmels Willen Passage: The show aired at 20:15 on Tuesday nights on ARD in Germany. By June 2013, 156 episodes had been broadcast over eleven seasons. Besides being immensely popular in Germany (with some 7.2 million views per episode), the show is also broadcast daily in Austria, Switzerland, Italy, Hungary, and Denmark. Title: I Wanted Wings Passage: I Wanted Wings is a 1941 American drama film directed by Mitchell Leisen and based on a book by Lieutenant Beirne Lay Jr. The film stars Ray Milland and William Holden. The supporting cast includes Wayne Morris, Brian Donlevy, Constance Moore and Veronica Lake. Title: Oastler Lake Provincial Park Passage: Oastler Lake Provincial Park is a provincial park in the municipality of Seguin, Parry Sound District in Central Ontario, Canada. The nearest town, just to the northwest, is Parry Sound. Title: Parry Sound Passage: Parry Sound is a sound or bay of Georgian Bay on lake Huron, in Ontario, Canada. It is highly irregularly shaped with many deep bays and islands. Killbear Provincial Park is located on the large peninsula that separates the sound from Georgian Bay, while it is bordered on the south side by Parry Island, home of the Wasauksing First Nation. At the head of the sound is the namesake town that is the largest community on the shores of Georgian Bay from Severn Sound to Manitoulin Island. Title: Escape to Glory Passage: Escape to Glory is a 1940 American war film directed by John Brahm. It stars Pat O'Brien and Constance Bennett. During World War II, a British freighter carrying a diverse group of passengers is attacked by a German U-Boat. Title: Karl Kling Passage: Karl Kling (16 September 1910, Gießen – 18 March 2003, Gaienhofen on Lake Constance, Germany) was a motor racing driver and manager from Germany. He participated in 11 Formula One Grands Prix, debuting on 4 July 1954. He achieved 2 podiums, and scored a total of 17 championship points.	[ "The Sound of Music (film)", "Margraviate of Austria", "Rhine" ]
What early Huguenot Church was established in the country of citizenship of the screenwriter for Battle of the Damned?	The French Protestant Church of London	[ "French Protestant Church of London", "The French Protestant Church" ]	Title: Huguenots Passage: Most of the Huguenot congregations (or individuals) in North America eventually affiliated with other Protestant denominations with more numerous members. The Huguenots adapted quickly and often married outside their immediate French communities, which led to their assimilation. Their descendants in many families continued to use French first names and surnames for their children well into the nineteenth century. Assimilated, the French made numerous contributions to United States economic life, especially as merchants and artisans in the late Colonial and early Federal periods. For example, E.I. du Pont, a former student of Lavoisier, established the Eleutherian gunpowder mills. Title: Battle of Dreux Passage: The Battle of Dreux was fought on 19 December 1562 between Catholics and Huguenots. The Catholics were led by Anne de Montmorency while Louis I, Prince of Condé led the Huguenots. Though commanders from both sides were captured, the French Catholics won the battle. Title: Christopher Hatton Passage: Sir Christopher Hatton KG (1540 – 20 November 1591) was an English politician, Lord Chancellor of England and a favourite of Elizabeth I of England. Title: Huguenots Passage: Following the French Crown's revocation of the Edict of Nantes, many Huguenots settled in Ireland in the late 17th and early 18th centuries, encouraged by an act of parliament for Protestants' settling in Ireland. Huguenot regiments fought for William of Orange in the Williamite war in Ireland, for which they were rewarded with land grants and titles, many settling in Dublin. Significant Huguenot settlements were in Dublin, Cork, Portarlington, Lisburn, Waterford and Youghal. Smaller settlements, which included Killeshandra in County Cavan, contributed to the expansion of flax cultivation and the growth of the Irish linen industry. Title: Huguenots Passage: In Berlin, the Huguenots created two new neighbourhoods: Dorotheenstadt and Friedrichstadt. By 1700, one-fifth of the city's population was French speaking. The Berlin Huguenots preserved the French language in their church services for nearly a century. They ultimately decided to switch to German in protest against the occupation of Prussia by Napoleon in 1806-07. Many of their descendents rose to positions of prominence. Several congregations were founded, such as those of Fredericia (Denmark), Berlin, Stockholm, Hamburg, Frankfurt, Helsinki, and Emden. Title: Battle of Moncontour Passage: The Battle of Moncontour occurred on 3 October 1569 between the Catholic forces of King Charles IX of France, commanded by Henry, Duke of Anjou, and the Huguenots commanded by Gaspard de Coligny. Title: St James Duke's Place Passage: St James Duke's Place was an Anglican parish church in the Aldgate ward of the City of London It was established in the early 17th century, rebuilt in 1727 and closed and demolished in 1874. Title: Huguenots Passage: Stadtholder William III of Orange, who later became King of England, emerged as the strongest opponent of king Louis XIV after the French attacked the Dutch Republic in 1672. William formed the League of Augsburg as a coalition to oppose Louis and the French state. Consequently, many Huguenots considered the wealthy and Calvinist Dutch Republic, which led the opposition to Louis XIV, as the most attractive country for exile after the revocation of the Edict of Nantes. They also found many French-speaking Calvinist churches there. Title: Huguenots Passage: New Rochelle, located in the county of Westchester on the north shore of Long Island Sound, seemed to be the great location of the Huguenots in New York. It is said that they landed on the coastline peninsula of Davenports Neck called "Bauffet's Point" after traveling from England where they had previously taken refuge on account of religious persecution, four years before the revocation of the Edict of Nantes. They purchased from John Pell, Lord of Pelham Manor, a tract of land consisting of six thousand one hundred acres with the help of Jacob Leisler. It was named New Rochelle after La Rochelle, their former strong-hold in France. A small wooden church was first erected in the community, followed by a second church that built of stone. Previous to the erection of it, the strong men would often walk twenty-three miles on Saturday evening, the distance by the road from New Rochelle to New York, to attend the Sunday service. The church was eventually replaced by a third, Trinity-St. Paul's Episcopal Church, which contains heirlooms including the original bell from the French Huguenot Church "Eglise du St. Esperit" on Pine Street in New York City, which is preserved as a relic in the tower room. The Huguenot cemetery, or "Huguenot Burial Ground", has since been recognized as a historic cemetery that is the final resting place for a wide range of the Huguenot founders, early settlers and prominent citizens dating back more than three centuries. Title: Huguenots Passage: A number of Huguenots served as mayors in Dublin, Cork, Youghal and Waterford in the 17th and 18th centuries. Numerous signs of Huguenot presence can still be seen with names still in use, and with areas of the main towns and cities named after the people who settled there. Examples include the Huguenot District and French Church Street in Cork City; and D'Olier Street in Dublin, named after a High Sheriff and one of the founders of the Bank of Ireland. A French church in Portarlington dates back to 1696, and was built to serve the significant new Huguenot community in the town. At the time, they constituted the majority of the townspeople. Title: Huguenots Passage: Renewed religious warfare in the 1620s caused the political and military privileges of the Huguenots to be abolished following their defeat. They retained the religious provisions of the Edict of Nantes until the rule of Louis XIV, who progressively increased persecution of them until he issued the Edict of Fontainebleau (1685), which abolished all legal recognition of Protestantism in France, and forced the Huguenots to convert. While nearly three-quarters eventually were killed or submitted, roughly 500,000 Huguenots had fled France by the early 18th century[citation needed]. Title: Battle of the Damned Passage: Battle of the Damned is a 2013 American science fiction film written, produced and directed by Christopher Hatton. The film stars Dolph Lundgren, Melanie Zanetti, Matt Doran and David Field. Following a deadly viral outbreak, private soldier Max Gatling (Lundgren) leads a handful of survivors and a team of robots in a fight against an army of the dead. Title: Huguenots Passage: Around 1685, Huguenot refugees found a safe haven in the Lutheran and Reformed states in Germany and Scandinavia. Nearly 50,000 Huguenots established themselves in Germany, 20,000 of whom were welcomed in Brandenburg-Prussia, where they were granted special privileges (Edict of Potsdam) and churches in which to worship (such as the Church of St. Peter and St. Paul, Angermünde) by Frederick William, Elector of Brandenburg and Duke of Prussia. The Huguenots furnished two new regiments of his army: the Altpreußische Infantry Regiments No. 13 (Regiment on foot Varenne) and 15 (Regiment on foot Wylich). Another 4,000 Huguenots settled in the German territories of Baden, Franconia (Principality of Bayreuth, Principality of Ansbach), Landgraviate of Hesse-Kassel, Duchy of Württemberg, in the Wetterau Association of Imperial Counts, in the Palatinate and Palatinate-Zweibrücken, in the Rhine-Main-Area (Frankfurt), in modern-day Saarland; and 1,500 found refuge in Hamburg, Bremen and Lower Saxony. Three hundred refugees were granted asylum at the court of George William, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg in Celle. Title: Huguenots Passage: The first Huguenots to leave France sought freedom from persecution in Switzerland and the Netherlands.[citation needed] A group of Huguenots was part of the French colonisers who arrived in Brazil in 1555 to found France Antarctique. A couple of ships with around 500 people arrived at the Guanabara Bay, present-day Rio de Janeiro, and settled in a small island. A fort, named Fort Coligny, was built to protect them from attack from the Portuguese troops and Brazilian Native Americans. It was an attempt to establish a French colony in South America. The fort was destroyed in 1560 by the Portuguese, who captured part of the Huguenots. The Portuguese threatened the prisoners with death if they did not convert to Catholicism. The Huguenots of Guanabara, as they are now known, produced a declaration of faith to express their beliefs to the Portuguese. This was their death sentence. This document, the Guanabara Confession of Faith, became the first Protestant confession of faith in the whole of the Americas.[citation needed] Title: Huguenots Passage: Frederick William, Elector of Brandenburg, invited Huguenots to settle in his realms, and a number of their descendants rose to positions of prominence in Prussia. Several prominent German military, cultural, and political figures were ethnic Huguenot, including poet Theodor Fontane, General Hermann von François, the hero of the First World War Battle of Tannenberg, Luftwaffe General and fighter ace Adolf Galland, Luftwaffe flying ace Hans-Joachim Marseille, and famed U-boat captain Lothar von Arnauld de la Perière. The last Prime Minister of the (East) German Democratic Republic, Lothar de Maizière, is also a descendant of a Huguenot family, as is the German Federal Minister of the Interior, Thomas de Maizière. Title: Denmark Congregational United Church of Christ Passage: Denmark Congregational United Church of Christ is located in Denmark, Iowa, United States. The church building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places as Denmark Congregational Church in 1977. The church is noteworthy because of its association with the Rev. Asa Turner, Jr. He was a noted abolitionist and supporter of the temperance movement, who was the pastor of the congregation in its early years. He was an early Congregationalist missionary to Iowa and encouraged the American Home Missionary Society to send more missionaries to the Iowa Territory. His requests resulted in the arrival of nine young men from Andover Theological Seminary in 1843. Known as the "Iowa Band", they established churches in eastern Iowa based on Turner's Denmark church. Title: Huguenots Passage: Barred by the government from settling in New France, Huguenots led by Jessé de Forest, sailed to North America in 1624 and settled instead in the Dutch colony of New Netherland (later incorporated into New York and New Jersey); as well as Great Britain's colonies, including Nova Scotia. A number of New Amsterdam's families were of Huguenot origin, often having emigrated as refugees to the Netherlands in the previous century. In 1628 the Huguenots established a congregation as L'Église française à la Nouvelle-Amsterdam (the French church in New Amsterdam). This parish continues today as L'Eglise du Saint-Esprit, part of the Episcopal (Anglican) communion, and welcomes Francophone New Yorkers from all over the world. Upon their arrival in New Amsterdam, Huguenots were offered land directly across from Manhattan on Long Island for a permanent settlement and chose the harbor at the end of Newtown Creek, becoming the first Europeans to live in Brooklyn, then known as Boschwick, in the neighborhood now known as Bushwick. Title: Huguenots Passage: The French Protestant Church of London was established by Royal Charter in 1550. It is now located at Soho Square. Huguenot refugees flocked to Shoreditch, London. They established a major weaving industry in and around Spitalfields (see Petticoat Lane and the Tenterground) in East London. In Wandsworth, their gardening skills benefited the Battersea market gardens. The Old Truman Brewery, then known as the Black Eagle Brewery, was founded in 1724. The flight of Huguenot refugees from Tours, France drew off most of the workers of its great silk mills which they had built.[citation needed] Some of these immigrants moved to Norwich, which had accommodated an earlier settlement of Walloon weavers. The French added to the existing immigrant population, then comprising about a third of the population of the city. Title: Huguenots Passage: Huguenot immigrants did not disperse or settle in different parts of the country, but rather, formed three societies or congregations; one in the city of New York, another 21 miles north of New York in a town which they named New Rochelle, and a third further upstate in New Paltz. The "Huguenot Street Historic District" in New Paltz has been designated a National Historic Landmark site and contains the oldest street in the United States of America. A small group of Huguenots also settled on the south shore of Staten Island along the New York Harbor, for which the current neighborhood of Huguenot was named. Title: Protestantism Passage: Several countries have established their national churches, linking the ecclesiastical structure with the state. Jurisdictions where a Protestant denomination has been established as a state religion include several Nordic countries; Denmark (including Greenland), the Faroe Islands (its church being independent since 2007), Iceland and Norway have established Evangelical Lutheran churches. Tuvalu has the only established church in Reformed tradition in the world, while Tonga—in the Methodist tradition. The Church of England is the officially established religious institution in England, and also the Mother Church of the worldwide Anglican Communion.	[ "Battle of the Damned", "Christopher Hatton", "Huguenots" ]
What is the last name of the explorer who founded the Black or White director's birthplace?	Antoine de la Mothe Cadillac	[ "Antoine Laumet de La Mothe, sieur de Cadillac" ]	Title: Internet Explorer Mobile Passage: Internet Explorer Mobile (formerly named Pocket Internet Explorer; later called IE Mobile) is a discontinued mobile browser developed by Microsoft, based on versions of the Trident layout engine. IE Mobile comes loaded by default with Windows Phone and Windows CE. Later versions of Internet Explorer Mobile (since Windows Phone 8) are based on the desktop version of Internet Explorer. Older versions however, called Pocket Internet Explorer (found on Windows Phone 7 and Windows Mobile), are not based on the same layout engine. Title: Estúpido Cupido Passage: Estúpido Cupido is a Brazilian telenovela produced by Rede Globo. It aired from 25 August 1976 to 26 February 1977 at 7pm. Written by Mário Prata and directed by Régis Cardoso, it was the last Globo telenovela recorded in black-and-white, with the exception of the last two chapters, directed by Walter Avancini using the then new color technology. Title: Abiel Smith School Passage: Abiel Smith School, founded in 1835, is a school located at 46 Joy Street in Boston, Massachusetts, United States, adjacent to the African Meeting House. It is named for Abiel Smith, a white philanthropist who left money (an estimated $4,000) in his will to the city of Boston for the education of black children. Title: Actor's and Sin Passage: Actors and Sin is a 1952 American black-and-white comedy-drama film written, produced and directed by Ben Hecht. The film marks Edward G. Robinson's second film with actress Marsha Hunt. Also known by its section names of "Actor's Blood" and "Woman of Sin", the film debuted in New York City on May 29, 1952. Lee Garmes was co-director and cinematographer, as he was on most of the films Hecht directed. Title: Black or White (film) Passage: Black or White is a 2014 American drama film directed and written by Mike Binder. The film stars Kevin Costner, Octavia Spencer, Gillian Jacobs, Jennifer Ehle, Anthony Mackie and Bill Burr. The film premiered at the 2014 Toronto International Film Festival and was released in the United States on January 30, 2015. Title: Antoine de la Mothe Cadillac Passage: Antoine Laumet de la Mothe, sieur de Cadillac (/ ˈkædɪlæk /, French: (kadijak); March 5, 1658 -- October 16, 1730), usually referred to as Antoine de la Mothe Cadillac (also spelled Motte), was a French explorer and adventurer in New France which stretched from Eastern Canada to Louisiana on the Gulf of Mexico. He rose from a modest beginning in Acadia in 1683 as an explorer, trapper, and a trader of alcohol and furs, and he achieved various positions of political importance in the colony. He was the commander of Fort de Buade in St. Ignace, Michigan in 1694. In 1701, he founded Fort Pontchartrain du Détroit which became the city of Detroit, which he commanded until 1710. Between 1710 and 1716, he was the governor of Louisiana, although he did not arrive in that territory until 1713. Title: Blackstone, Virginia Passage: Blackstone, formerly named Blacks and White, and Bellefonte, is a town in Nottoway County, Virginia, United States. The population was 3,675 at the 2000 census. Title: Modern history Passage: The principal fighting occurred between the Bolshevik Red Army and the forces of the White Army. Many foreign armies warred against the Red Army, notably the Allied Forces, yet many volunteer foreigners fought in both sides of the Russian Civil War. Other nationalist and regional political groups also participated in the war, including the Ukrainian nationalist Green Army, the Ukrainian anarchist Black Army and Black Guards, and warlords such as Ungern von Sternberg. The most intense fighting took place from 1918 to 1920. Major military operations ended on 25 October 1922 when the Red Army occupied Vladivostok, previously held by the Provisional Priamur Government. The last enclave of the White Forces was the Ayano-Maysky District on the Pacific coast. The majority of the fighting ended in 1920 with the defeat of General Pyotr Wrangel in the Crimea, but a notable resistance in certain areas continued until 1923 (e.g., Kronstadt Uprising, Tambov Rebellion, Basmachi Revolt, and the final resistance of the White movement in the Far East). Title: Appalachian Mountains Passage: While exploring inland along the northern coast of Florida in 1528, the members of the Narváez expedition, including Álvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca, found a Native American village near present-day Tallahassee, Florida whose name they transcribed as Apalchen or Apalachen [a.paˈla.tʃɛn]. The name was soon altered by the Spanish to Apalachee and used as a name for the tribe and region spreading well inland to the north. Pánfilo de Narváez's expedition first entered Apalachee territory on June 15, 1528, and applied the name. Now spelled "Appalachian," it is the fourth-oldest surviving European place-name in the US. Title: The Gentle Sex Passage: The Gentle Sex is a 1943 British, black-and-white romantic comedy-drama war film directed and narrated by Leslie Howard. It was produced by Concanen Productions, Two Cities Films and Derrick de Marney. "The Gentle Sex" was Howard's last film before his death. Title: Virginia Dox Passage: Virginia Dox (1851–1941) was a 19th-century American missionary, educator and explorer in the Intermountain West, and later a noted public speaker and fundraising agent for educational causes including Whitman College and Berea College. Under the auspices of the New West Education Commission, she founded schools in Idaho and New Mexico. She was the first white woman to explore the Grand Canyon, and also the first white woman to visit the Havasupai. Her vivid depictions of Western life for Eastern audiences earned her the nickname of "the female Bret Harte". Title: No Minor Vices Passage: No Minor Vices is a 1948 American black-and-white comedy film written by Arnold Manoff and directed by Lewis Milestone with Robert Aldrich as 1st assistant director. Created for David Loew's Enterprise Productions, it was the first of three films distributed by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer after parting ways with United Artists, and was the last of four films made by Dana Andrews for director Milestone. Title: Air Jordan Passage: In 1989, Nike released the Air Jordan IV to the public. Designed by Tinker Hatfield, it was the first Air Jordan released on the global market. It had four colorways: White / Black - Cement Grey, Black / Cement Grey, White / Fire Red - Black, and Off White / Military Blue. Title: Marcello Truzzi Passage: Marcello Truzzi (September 6, 1935 – February 2, 2003) was a professor of sociology at New College of Florida and later at Eastern Michigan University, founding co-chairman of the Committee for the Scientific Investigation of Claims of the Paranormal (CSICOP), a founder of the Society for Scientific Exploration, and director for the Center for Scientific Anomalies Research. Title: Theodore Mann Passage: Theodore Mann, birth name Goldman, (May 13, 1924 – February 24, 2012) was an American theatre producer and director and the Artistic Director of the Circle in the Square Theatre School. Title: White House Black Market Passage: White House Black Market is an American women's clothing retailer headquartered in Fort Myers, Florida. The multichannel brand, founded in 1985, specializes in upscale clothing for women ages 35 and older. Title: Questa volta parliamo di uomini Passage: Questa volta parliamo di uomini (This Time Let's Talk about Men or Let's Talk About Men) is a 1965 Italian tragicomedy film directed by Lina Wertmüller and starring Nino Manfredi. The film was shot in black and white and in 35mm and lasted 91 minutes. Title: Gibbs Point Passage: Gibbs Point, a rock point on the Antarctic Peninsula, the most northern area of the continent of Antarctica, was named for African American Antarctic explorer, George W. Gibbs, Jr. on September 2, 2009. On that date, the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names (U.S. Board on Geographic Names) confirmed the place name in Antarctica for Gibbs as the first black explorer to set foot on the continent. Gibbs Point is a rock point forming the northwest entrance to Gaul Cove, on the northeast of Horseshoe Island, Marguerite Bay, Antarctic Peninsula. Title: Crossing the Bridge Passage: The film was created by Mike Binder and loosely based on Binders' friends during the late 1970s in the Detroit/Birmingham, MI area. Title: Marl Young Passage: Marl Young (29 Jan 1917, Bluefield, Virginia, – 29 April 2009, Los Angeles, California) was an American musician and arranger who helped with the merger of the all-black and all-white musicians unions in Los Angeles in the early 1950s. He later became the first black music director of a major network television series, "Here's Lucy" starring Lucille Ball.	[ "Crossing the Bridge", "Black or White (film)", "Antoine de la Mothe Cadillac" ]
What country is in the middle of the ocean which is next to the county where the McKenzie Bridge is located?	Caroline Islands	[]	Title: General Rafael Urdaneta Bridge Passage: The General En Jefe Rafael Urdaneta Bridge is located at the Tablazo Strait outlet of Lake Maracaibo, in western Venezuela. The bridge connects Maracaibo with much of the rest of the country. It is named after General Rafael Urdaneta, a Venezuelan hero of Independence. Title: Lake District Passage: It is located entirely within the county of Cumbria, and all the land in England higher than 3,000 feet (910 m) above sea level lies within the National Park, including Scafell Pike, the highest mountain in England. It also contains the deepest and longest bodies of water in England, respectively Wast Water and Windermere. Title: Leaburg, Oregon Passage: Leaburg is an unincorporated community in Lane County, Oregon, United States located on the McKenzie River and Oregon Route 126 east of Walterville and west of Vida. Title: Clear Water Bay Country Park Passage: Clear Water Bay Country Park is a rural country park located in the New Territories of eastern Hong Kong. The park is located near the beaches in Clear Water Bay. The 6.15 square kilometre park opened on 28 September 1979 with features like: Title: Heceta Head Passage: Heceta Head ( ) is a headland that stands above the Pacific Ocean in Lane County, Oregon, United States. The Heceta Head Light is located on its south side. Heceta Head is named after the Basque explorer under Spanish Commission, Bruno de Heceta, who explored the Pacific Northwest in the 1770s. The headland marks the end of a lower-lying stretch of the coastline to the south dominated by sand dunes; the coastline to the north is more varied. Devils Elbow is the bay south of the headland at the mouth of Cape Creek, and with the headland formed Devils Elbow State Park, which is now part of Heceta Head Lighthouse State Scenic Viewpoint. Title: Pacific Ocean Passage: This ocean has most of the islands in the world. There are about 25,000 islands in the Pacific Ocean. The islands entirely within the Pacific Ocean can be divided into three main groups known as Micronesia, Melanesia and Polynesia. Micronesia, which lies north of the equator and west of the International Date Line, includes the Mariana Islands in the northwest, the Caroline Islands in the center, the Marshall Islands to the west and the islands of Kiribati in the southeast. Title: McKenzie-Willamette Medical Center Passage: McKenzie-Willamette Medical Center is an acute care hospital located in Springfield, Oregon, United States. Opened in 1955, it serves the Lane County area. McKenzie-Willamette is investor-owned, and accredited by the Joint Commission. Licensed for 114 hospital beds, the facility was the only hospital in Springfield until the Sacred Heart facility at RiverBend opened in August 2008. Title: Khabarovsky District Passage: Khabarovsky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the seventeen in Khabarovsk Krai, Russia. It consists of two unconnected segments separated by the territory of Amursky District, which are located in the southwest of the krai. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Khabarovsk (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population: Title: McKenzie Bridge, Oregon Passage: McKenzie Bridge is an unincorporated community in Lane County, Oregon, United States, on the McKenzie River and within Willamette National Forest. It is along Oregon Route 126, about east of Eugene, between Rainbow and Belknap Springs. The McKenzie Bridge State Airport is about east of the community. Title: Paris Passage: France's highest courts are located in Paris. The Court of Cassation, the highest court in the judicial order, which reviews criminal and civil cases, is located in the Palais de Justice on the Île de la Cité, while the Conseil d'État, which provides legal advice to the executive and acts as the highest court in the administrative order, judging litigation against public bodies, is located in the Palais-Royal in the 1st arrondissement. The Constitutional Council, an advisory body with ultimate authority on the constitutionality of laws and government decrees, also meets in the Montpensier wing of the Palais Royal. Title: Bogotá Passage: Bogotá (/ ˈboʊɡətɑː /, / ˌbɒɡəˈtɑː /, / ˌboʊ - /; Spanish pronunciation: (boɣoˈta) (listen)), officially Bogotá, Distrito Capital, abbreviated Bogotá, D.C., and formerly known as Santafé de Bogotá between 1991 and 2000, is the capital and largest city of Colombia, administered as the Capital District, although often thought of as part of Cundinamarca. Bogotá is a territorial entity of the first order, with the same administrative status as the departments of Colombia. It is the political, economic, administrative, industrial, artistic, cultural, and sports center of the country. Title: Zhejiang Passage: Ningbo, Wenzhou, Taizhou and Zhoushan are important commercial ports. The Hangzhou Bay Bridge between Haiyan County and Cixi, is the longest bridge over a continuous body of sea water in the world. Title: Vilnius County Passage: Vilnius County () is the largest of the 10 counties of Lithuania, located in the east of the country around the city Vilnius. On 1 July 2010, the county administration was abolished, and since that date, Vilnius County remains as the territorial and statistical unit. Title: Andrade Passage: Andrade is a surname of Galician origin, which emerged in the 12th century as the family name of the knights and lords of the small parish of San Martiño de Andrade (St. Martin of Andrade, into the council of Pontedeume). The first mention of this small territory, is to be found in the documentation of the monastery of Caaveiro (located just 18km away), and belong chronologically to the 9th century. It was part of the region of Pruzos, which was created as an administrative and ecclesiastical territory of Kingdom of Galicia in the sixth century by the King: Teodomiro (559 - 570), through a document written in Latin called: Parrochiale suevum, Parochiale suevorum or Theodomiri Divisio. From the 12th century Pruzos, and therefore Andrade, were integrated into the county of Trastámara that belonged to the lineage Traba, the most powerful Galician family. By this same time the family group: Fortúnez, begins to unite their names Andrade as surname, since in this parish their family home was located. The knights of Andrade were faithful vassals of their lords the Counts of Trastámara throughout the middle centuries of the Middle Ages. Title: Irondequoit Bay Passage: Irondequoit Bay is a large body of water located in northeastern Monroe County, New York. The bay, roughly wide and in length, is fed by Irondequoit Creek to the south and flows into Lake Ontario at its northern end. On average, the surface of Irondequoit Bay rests at above sea level and is deep at its deepest point a short distance north of the Irondequoit Bay Bridge carrying the six-lane New York State Route 104 over the bay. Title: San Vincenzo al Volturno Passage: San Vincenzo al Volturno is a historic Benedictine monastery located in the territories of the Comunes of Castel San Vincenzo and Rocchetta a Volturno, in the Province of Isernia, near the source of the river Volturno in Italy. The current monastery, housing a group 8 benedictin nuns, is located to the east of the river, while the archaeological monastery of the early Middle Ages was located on the west. Title: Middle Road Covered Bridge Passage: Middle Road Bridge is a covered bridge spanning Conneaut Creek in Conneaut, Ashtabula County, Ohio, United States. The bridge, one of currently 16 drivable bridges in the county, is a single span Howe truss design. Built in 1868, it was reconstructed in 1984 with the help of three volunteers and four college students. The bridge’s WGCB number is 35-04-06, and it is located approximately 3.2 mi (5.1 km) south of downtown Conneaut. It is 136 feet (41.5 m) long. Title: Midsund (village) Passage: Midsund is the administrative center of Midsund Municipality in Møre og Romsdal county, Norway. The village is located on the western end of the island of Otrøya. The eastern end of the Midsund Bridge is located in the village of Midsund, connecting it to the neighboring island of Midøya to the west. Title: Malleco Viaduct Passage: The Malleco Viaduct () is a railway bridge located in central Chile, passing over the Malleco River valley, south of Collipulli in the Araucania Region. It was opened by President José Manuel Balmaceda on October 26, 1890. At that time, it was the highest such bridge in the world. The Panamerican Highway passes right next to the viaduct. Title: Belknap Springs, Oregon Passage: Belknap Springs is an unincorporated community and private hot springs resort in Lane County, Oregon, United States, near the McKenzie River. The springs were located and initially developed by R. S. Belknap in 1869. A post office named "Salt Springs" was established in the location in 1874, and the name changed to "Belknap Springs" in 1875. The post office closed in 1877 and reopened in 1891, operating intermittently until 1953. Today the location uses a McKenzie Bridge mailing address.	[ "Heceta Head", "McKenzie Bridge, Oregon", "Pacific Ocean" ]
How many people live in the country that the entertainer Harrysong is from?	182 million	[]	Title: East Prussia Passage: A similar fate befell the Curonians who lived in the area around the Curonian Lagoon. While many fled from the Red Army during the evacuation of East Prussia, Curonians that remained behind were subsequently expelled by the Soviet Union. Only 219 lived along the Curonian Spit in 1955. Many had German names such as Fritz or Hans, a cause for anti-German discrimination. The Soviet authorities considered the Curonians fascists. Because of this discrimination, many immigrated to West Germany in 1958, where the majority of Curonians now live. Title: Montana Passage: Approximately 66,000 people of Native American heritage live in Montana. Stemming from multiple treaties and federal legislation, including the Indian Appropriations Act (1851), the Dawes Act (1887), and the Indian Reorganization Act (1934), seven Indian reservations, encompassing eleven tribal nations, were created in Montana. A twelfth nation, the Little Shell Chippewa is a "landless" people headquartered in Great Falls, recognized by the state of Montana but not by the U.S. Government. The Blackfeet nation is headquartered on the Blackfeet Indian Reservation (1851) in Browning, Crow on the Crow Indian Reservation (1851) in Crow Agency, Confederated Salish and Kootenai and Pend d'Oreille on the Flathead Indian Reservation (1855) in Pablo, Northern Cheyenne on the Northern Cheyenne Indian Reservation (1884) at Lame Deer, Assiniboine and Gros Ventre on the Fort Belknap Indian Reservation (1888) in Fort Belknap Agency, Assiniboine and Sioux on the Fort Peck Indian Reservation (1888) at Poplar, and Chippewa-Cree on the Rocky Boy's Indian Reservation (1916) near Box Elder. Approximately 63% of all Native people live off the reservations, concentrated in the larger Montana cities with the largest concentration of urban Indians in Great Falls. The state also has a small Métis population, and 1990 census data indicated that people from as many as 275 different tribes lived in Montana. Title: Remix to Rio Passage: Remix to Rio is a 2010 Canadian documentary depicting young people from Toronto, Canada and Rio de Janeiro, Brazil as they create community outreach projects aimed at rescuing their peers from lives of crime. Title: Sidi Abdelmoumen, Morocco Passage: Sidi Abdelmoumen is a town and rural commune in Chichaoua Province of the Marrakech-Safi region of Morocco. At the time of the 2014 census, the commune had a total population of 9007 people living in 1908 households, it content many douars like Tarselt, Ait Smail, Tadnest. Title: Israel Passage: In 2016, Israel's population was an estimated 8,476,600 million people, of whom 6,345,400 (74.9%) were recorded by the civil government as Jews. 1,760,400 Arabs comprised 20.7% of the population, while non-Arab Christians and people who have no religion listed in the civil registry made up 4.4%. Over the last decade, large numbers of migrant workers from Romania, Thailand, China, Africa, and South America have settled in Israel. Exact figures are unknown, as many of them are living in the country illegally, but estimates run in the region of 203,000. By June 2012, approximately 60,000 African migrants had entered Israel. About 92% of Israelis live in urban areas. Title: Glass Soup Passage: Glass Soup is a surreal fiction novel written by the American writer Jonathan Carroll, first published in 2006. It tells the story of a group of people who live in Vienna. They find out that they are caught in a battle of Gods and Chaos. This fiction consists many elements of Judeo-Christian mythology and popular culture mythos. It is a blend of real and unreal, living and dead, and good and evil. Title: Villa Fiorito Passage: Villa Fiorito is a city in the Lomas de Zamora Partido of Buenos Aires Province, to the south of central Buenos Aires, Argentina. It forms part of the Greater Buenos Aires urban conurbation. Many Italian and Spanish descendants live there, but in recent decades people from other provinces have come to live near central Buenos Aires, creating new slums in the city. Diego Maradona, considered one of the best footballers of all time, was raised in Villa Fiorito. Title: Mi Corazoncito Passage: "Mi Corazoncito" () is Aventura's second single from their second live album "K.O.B. Live". The song reached big recognition in many Spanish-speaking countries and reached number two on the "Billboard" Hot Latin Tracks chart. Title: Pub Passage: Many of London's pubs are known to have been used by famous people, but in some cases, such as the association between Samuel Johnson and Ye Olde Cheshire Cheese, this is speculative, based on little more than the fact that the person is known to have lived nearby. However, Charles Dickens is known to have visited the Cheshire Cheese, the Prospect of Whitby, Ye Olde Cock Tavern and many others. Samuel Pepys is also associated with the Prospect of Whitby and the Cock Tavern. Title: Germans Passage: Persons who speak German as their first language, look German and whose families have lived in Germany for generations are considered "most German", followed by categories of diminishing Germanness such as Aussiedler (people of German ancestry whose families have lived in Eastern Europe but who have returned to Germany), Restdeutsche (people living in lands that have historically belonged to Germany but which is currently outside of Germany), Auswanderer (people whose families have emigrated from Germany and who still speak German), German speakers in German-speaking nations such as Austrians, and finally people of German emigrant background who no longer speak German. Title: Harrysong Passage: Harrison Tare Okiri, better known by his stage name Harrysong, is a Nigerian singer, songwriter and instrumentalist who rose to fame after his tribute song to Nelson Mandela won the "Most Downloaded Callertune Award" at The Headies 2013. Harrysong was born in Warri, Delta State, Nigeria to Ijaw parents but moved to Lagos in 2007 after spending some of his early life in Port Harcourt. Prior to signing to QuestionMark Entertainment, Harrysong used to perform at night clubs until he met Kcee who introduced him to top music personalities. In 2014, Harrysong was nominated in the "Best Pop/R&B Artist of the Year" category at the 2014 Nigeria Entertainment Awards after the release of his chart-topping song "Beta Pikin". Title: Tshi Passage: Tshi, Tchwi, or Oji, are a group of people living in Ghana. The chief of these are the Ashanti, Fanti, Akim and Aquapem. Their common language is Tshi, from which they gain their family name. Title: Emeril Live Passage: Emeril Live was a television program that aired on the Food Network from 1997 to 2007 and then on Fine Living (now The Cooking Channel) from 2008 to 2010. Hosted by Emeril Lagasse, "Emeril Live" featured many of the same elements as Emeril's other program, "Essence of Emeril" and often had a Creole theme. The program was taped in front of a live audience in New York City and featured music played by Doc Gibbs and the "Emeril Live" Band. In 2004, the program moved to Chelsea Market. Title: Guapi, Cauca Passage: Guapi is a town and municipality in the Cauca Department, Colombia. The municipality of Guapi is located on the Guapi River four miles away from the Pacific Ocean and also covers the island of Gorgona. The town is rich in diversity and the only way to get there is by flying from Cali or sailing. The town counts with cinema, great view of the river and many natural entertainments. The people are very friendly and welcoming, most of the locals live off fishing. Title: Indigenous peoples of the Americas Passage: The Native American name controversy is an ongoing dispute over the acceptable ways to refer to the indigenous peoples of the Americas and to broad subsets thereof, such as those living in a specific country or sharing certain cultural attributes. When discussing broader subsets of peoples, naming may be based on shared language, region, or historical relationship. Many English exonyms have been used to refer to the indigenous peoples of the Americas. Some of these names were based on foreign-language terms used by earlier explorers and colonists, while others resulted from the colonists' attempt to translate endonyms from the native language into their own, and yet others were pejorative terms arising out of prejudice and fear, during periods of conflict. Title: Xingu peoples Passage: Xingu peoples are indigenous peoples of Brazil living near the Xingu River. They have many cultural similarities despite their different ethnologies. Xingu people represent fifteen tribes and all four of Brazil's indigenous language groups, but they share similar belief systems, rituals and ceremonies. Title: Cadaqués Passage: Cadaqués () is a town in the Alt Empordà "comarca", in the province of Girona, Catalonia, Spain. It is on a bay in the middle of the Cap de Creus peninsula, near Cap de Creus cape, on the Costa Brava of the Mediterranean. It is two-and-a-quarter-hour drive from Barcelona, and thus it is accessible not only to tourists but also to people who want a second home for weekends and summers. In 2002, Cadaqués had an official population of 2,612, but up to ten times as many people can live in the town during the peak of the summer tourism season. Title: How to Boil a Frog Passage: How to Boil a Frog is a 2010 Canadian eco-comedy documentary film written and directed by Jon Cooksey to show the consequences of too many people using up Earth resources and suggesting five ways that the filmmakers say people can save habitability on the Earth while improving their own lives at the same time. Title: Mexico City Passage: The city is colloquially known as Chilangolandia after the locals' nickname chilangos. Chilango is used pejoratively by people living outside Mexico City to "connote a loud, arrogant, ill-mannered, loutish person". For their part those living in Mexico City designate insultingly those who live elsewhere as living in la provincia ("the provinces", the periphery) and many proudly embrace the term chilango. Residents of Mexico City are more recently called defeños (deriving from the postal abbreviation of the Federal District in Spanish: D.F., which is read "De-Efe"). They are formally called capitalinos (in reference to the city being the capital of the country), but "[p]erhaps because capitalino is the more polite, specific, and correct word, it is almost never utilized". Title: Nigeria Passage: Nigeria is often referred to as the "Giant of Africa", owing to its large population and economy. With approximately 182 million inhabitants, Nigeria is the most populous country in Africa and the seventh most populous country in the world. Nigeria has one of the largest populations of youth in the world. The country is viewed as a multinational state, as it is inhabited by over 500 ethnic groups, of which the three largest are the Hausa, Igbo and Yoruba; these ethnic groups speak over 500 different languages, and are identified with wide variety of cultures. The official language is English. Nigeria is divided roughly in half between Christians, who live mostly in the southern part of the country, and Muslims in the northern part. A minority of the population practise religions indigenous to Nigeria, such as those native to Igbo and Yoruba peoples.	[ "Harrysong", "Nigeria" ]
What county contains the city where the residence of the performer of Underneath is located?	LaSalle County	[ "LaSalle County, Illinois" ]	Title: Ap Lo Chun Passage: Ap Lo Chun () is a small island in the New Territories of Hong Kong. It is located in Ap Chau Bay () between Ap Chau in the east and Sai Ap Chau in the west, with the islet of Ap Tan Pai nearby in the northeast. It is under the administration of North District. Title: Marussia Motors Passage: In April 2014, the Marussia Motors company was disbanded, with staff leaving to join a government-run technical institute. The Marussia F1 team continued unaffected as a British entity, independent of the Russian car company. However, on 7 November 2014 the administrator announced that the F1 team had ceased trading. Title: Tveita (station) Passage: Tveita is a subway station on the Furuset Line of the Oslo Metro between Hellerud and Haugerud, located in the Alna borough of Oslo, Norway. The station is the first one on Furusetbanen that is not shared with another line. It was opened as part of the original line in 1970. Tveita is located underneath the shopping centre Tveita senter. Title: Khabarovsky District Passage: Khabarovsky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the seventeen in Khabarovsk Krai, Russia. It consists of two unconnected segments separated by the territory of Amursky District, which are located in the southwest of the krai. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Khabarovsk (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population: Title: Paea Passage: Paea is a commune in the suburbs of Papeete in French Polynesia, an overseas territory of France in the southern Pacific Ocean. Paea is located on the island of Tahiti, in the administrative subdivision of the Windward Islands, themselves part of the Society Islands. At the 2017 census it had a population of 13,021. Title: Underneath (Alanis Morissette song) Passage: "Underneath" is a song recorded for Alanis Morissette's seventh studio album, "Flavors of Entanglement", which was produced by Guy Sigsworth. It is the album's first single. The song was digitally released on April 15, 2008 after originally being scheduled for March 25. According to Morissette, "'Underneath' is about how you can only change the world after you change yourself." Title: Union territory Passage: A union territory is a type of administrative division in the Republic of India. Unlike states, which have their own elected governments, union territories are ruled directly by the Union Government (central government), hence the name ``union territory ''. Union territories in India qualify as federal territories, by definition. Title: Coop's Shot Tower Passage: Coop's Shot Tower is a shot tower located in the heart of the Melbourne CBD, Australia. It was completed in 1889 and is 50 metres high. The historic building was saved from demolition in 1973 and was incorporated into Melbourne Central complex in 1991 underneath an 84 m-high conical glass roof. Title: Territory of Papua Passage: In 1949, the Territory and the Territory of New Guinea were established in an administrative union by the name of the Territory of Papua and New Guinea. That administrative union was renamed as Papua New Guinea in 1971. Notwithstanding that it was part of an administrative union, the Territory of Papua at all times retained a distinct legal status and identity; it was a Possession of the Crown whereas the Territory of New Guinea was initially a League of Nations mandate territory and subsequently a United Nations trust territory. This important legal and political distinction remained until the advent of the Independent State of Papua New Guinea in 1975. Title: States of Germany Passage: Local associations of a special kind are an amalgamation of one or more Landkreise with one or more Kreisfreie Städte to form a replacement of the aforementioned administrative entities at the district level. They are intended to implement simplification of administration at that level. Typically, a district-free city or town and its urban hinterland are grouped into such an association, or Kommunalverband besonderer Art. Such an organization requires the issuing of special laws by the governing state, since they are not covered by the normal administrative structure of the respective states. Title: Zec Bras-Coupé–Désert Passage: The ZEC Bras-Coupé-Desert is a "zone d'exploitation contrôlée" (controlled harvesting zone) (ZEC), located in the unorganized territory of Lac-Pythonga in La Vallée-de-la-Gatineau Regional County Municipality, in the administrative region of Outaouais, in Quebec, in Canada. Title: Deninu School Passage: Deninu School is a K-12 public school located in Fort Resolution, Northwest Territories, Canada. The school currently represents the only public education option for youth in the hamlet and serves a student population of approximately 125 students. The administration of the school is the responsibility of the South Slave Divisional Education Council (SSDEC). Title: List of awards and nominations received by Alanis Morissette Passage: Alanis Morissette is a Canadian rock singer-songwriter and musician from Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. Morissette has released five studio albums internationally through Maverick Records: "Jagged Little Pill" (1995), "Supposed Former Infatuation Junkie" (1998), "Under Rug Swept" (2002), "So-Called Chaos" (2004), and "Flavors of Entanglement" (2008). "Jagged Little Pill", "Supposed Former Infatuation Junkie", and "Under Rug Swept" debuted at number one on the "Billboard" 200, and were among the top five on the Canadian Top 50 Album Chart. After leaving Maverick, Morissette released her most recent album, "Havoc and Bright Lights" (2012) independently via Collective Sounds. Title: Guam Passage: The Compacts of Free Association between the United States, the Federated States of Micronesia, the Republic of the Marshall Islands and the Republic of Palau accorded the former entities of the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands a political status of "free association" with the United States. The Compacts give citizens of these island nations generally no restrictions to reside in the United States (also its territories), and many were attracted to Guam due to its proximity, environmental, and cultural familiarity. Over the years, it was claimed by some in Guam that the territory has had to bear the brunt of this agreement in the form of public assistance programs and public education for those from the regions involved, and the federal government should compensate the states and territories affected by this type of migration.[citation needed] Over the years, Congress had appropriated "Compact Impact" aids to Guam, the Northern Mariana Islands and Hawaii, and eventually this appropriation was written into each renewed Compact. Some, however, continue to claim the compensation is not enough or that the distribution of actual compensation received is significantly disproportionate.[citation needed] Title: Bogotá Passage: Bogotá (/ ˈboʊɡətɑː /, / ˌbɒɡəˈtɑː /, / ˌboʊ - /; Spanish pronunciation: (boɣoˈta) (listen)), officially Bogotá, Distrito Capital, abbreviated Bogotá, D.C., and formerly known as Santafé de Bogotá between 1991 and 2000, is the capital and largest city of Colombia, administered as the Capital District, although often thought of as part of Cundinamarca. Bogotá is a territorial entity of the first order, with the same administrative status as the departments of Colombia. It is the political, economic, administrative, industrial, artistic, cultural, and sports center of the country. Title: Bleeding Kansas Passage: Through the Missouri Compromise of 1820, Congress kept a tenuous balance of political power between North and South. In May 1854, the Kansas -- Nebraska Act, created from unorganized Indian lands and territories of Kansas and Nebraska, permitted residency by U.S. citizens, who were to determine their state's slavery status and seek admission to the Union. Immigrants supporting both sides of the question arrived in Kansas to establish residency and gain the right to vote. However, Kansas Territory officials were appointed (1854) by the pro-slavery administration of President Franklin Pierce (in office 1853 -- 1857), and thousands of non-resident pro-slavery Missourians entered Kansas with the goal of winning elections. They captured territorial elections, sometimes by fraud and intimidation. In response, Northern abolitionist elements flooded Kansas with ``free - soilers. ''Anti-slavery Kansas residents wrote the first Kansas Constitution (1855) and elected the Free State legislature in Topeka; this stood in opposition to the pro-slavery government in Lecompton. The two Territorial governments increased as well as symbolized the strife of Bleeding Kansas. Title: Biysky District Passage: Biysky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-nine in Altai Krai, Russia. It is located in the east of the krai and borders with Zonalny, Tselinny, Soltonsky, Krasnogorsky, Sovetsky, and Smolensky Districts, as well as with the territory of the City of Biysk. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Biysk (which is not administratively a part of the district). District's population: Title: Charles Edward Herbert Passage: Charles Edward Herbert (12 June 1860 – 21 January 1929) was an Australian politician and judge. He was a member of the South Australian House of Assembly from 1900 to 1905, representing the electorate of Northern Territory. He was Government Resident of the Northern Territory from 1905 to 1910. He was then deputy chief judicial officer of the Territory of Papua (later Judge of the Central Court of Papua) from 1910 to 1928. This role saw him serve for extended periods on the Executive Council of Papua, and act as its Administrator and Lieutenant-Governor. During this period, he served as an acting judge of the Supreme Court of the Northern Territory in 1921. He was appointed Administrator of Norfolk Island in 1928, holding the position until his death in 1929. Title: Ottawa, Illinois Passage: Ottawa is a city located at the confluence of the navigable Illinois River and Fox River in LaSalle County, Illinois, United States. The Illinois River is a conduit for river barges and connects Lake Michigan at Chicago, to the Mississippi River, and North America's 25,000 mile river system. The population estimate was 18,562 as of 2013. It is the county seat of LaSalle County and it is part of the Ottawa-Peru, IL Micropolitan Statistical Area. Title: Vilnius County Passage: Vilnius County () is the largest of the 10 counties of Lithuania, located in the east of the country around the city Vilnius. On 1 July 2010, the county administration was abolished, and since that date, Vilnius County remains as the territorial and statistical unit.	[ "Underneath (Alanis Morissette song)", "List of awards and nominations received by Alanis Morissette", "Ottawa, Illinois" ]
Where did the actor who produced Reds attend school?	Northwestern's School of Communication	[]	Title: Northwestern University Passage: Northwestern's School of Communication has been especially fruitful in the number of actors, actresses, playwrights, and film and television writers and directors it has produced. Alumni who have made their mark on film and television include Ann-Margret, Warren Beatty, Jodie Markell, Paul Lynde, David Schwimmer, Anne Dudek, Zach Braff, Zooey Deschanel, Marg Helgenberger, Julia Louis-Dreyfus, Jerry Orbach, Jennifer Jones, Megan Mullally, John Cameron Mitchell, Dermot Mulroney, Charlton Heston, Richard Kind, Ana Gasteyer, Brad Hall, Shelley Long, William Daniels, Cloris Leachman, Bonnie Bartlett, Paula Prentiss, Richard Benjamin, Laura Innes, Charles Busch, Stephanie March, Tony Roberts, Jeri Ryan, Kimberly Williams-Paisley, McLean Stevenson, Tony Randall, Charlotte Rae, Paul Lynde, Patricia Neal, Nancy Dussault, Robert Reed, Mara Brock Akil, Greg Berlanti, Bill Nuss, Dusty Kay, Dan Shor, Seth Meyers, Frank DeCaro, Zach Gilford, Nicole Sullivan, Stephen Colbert, Sandra Seacat and Garry Marshall. Directors who were graduated from Northwestern include Gerald Freedman, Stuart Hagmann, Marshall W. Mason, and Mary Zimmerman. Lee Phillip Bell hosted a talk show in Chicago from 1952 to 1986 and co-created the Daytime Emmy Award-winning soap operas The Young and the Restless in 1973 and The Bold and the Beautiful in 1987. Alumni such as Sheldon Harnick, Stephanie D'Abruzzo, Heather Headley, Kristen Schaal, Lily Rabe, and Walter Kerr have distinguished themselves on Broadway, as has designer Bob Mackie. Amsterdam-based comedy theater Boom Chicago was founded by Northwestern alumni, and the school has become a training ground for future The Second City, I.O., ComedySportz, Mad TV and Saturday Night Live talent. Tam Spiva wrote scripts for The Brady Bunch and Gentle Ben. In New York, Los Angeles, and Chicago, the number of Northwestern alumni involved in theater, film, and television is so large that a perception has formed that there's such a thing as a "Northwestern mafia." Title: Zane Lamprey Passage: Zane Lamprey (born April 2, 1972 in Syracuse, New York, United States) is a comedian, actor, editor, producer, and writer for television and movies. He grew up in Syracuse and attended SUNY Cortland in Cortland, New York where he majored in fine arts and minored in theatre. Title: Halid Ziya Uşaklıgil Passage: Halid Ziya Uşaklıgil was born in Istanbul in 1866. He went to primary school and then attended the secondary school Fatih Rüştiyesi in the same city. His family moved to Izmir in 1879. He completed his secondary education in Izmir attending the school which now is known as İzmir Atatürk Lisesi. He later attended an Armenian Catholic school to learn French where he completed his first translation works. Title: Scott Jaeck Passage: Scott Jaeck (born October 29, 1954 in Milwaukee, Wisconsin) is an American actor. He attended New Trier High School in Winnetka, Illinois, graduating in 1973. He attended the University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee. He was married to actress Mariann Mayberry, a member of the Steppenwolf Theater Company ensemble in Chicago, Illinois, until her death on August 1, 2017. Title: Steve Hytner Passage: Stephen Arthur Hytner (born September 28, 1959) is an American actor. He is perhaps best known for his role as Kenny Bania on the NBC series "Seinfeld". He attended Valley Stream Central High School (along with fellow future actors Patricia Charbonneau and Steve Buscemi) in Valley Stream, New York. Title: Gracie Otto Passage: Gracie Otto is the daughter of the Australian actor Barry Otto and Susan Hill. Actress Miranda Otto is her half-sister. She attended Burwood Girls High School in Sydney. As a schoolgirl, Otto represented Australia and New South Wales in indoor soccer, and represented her home state New South Wales in school softball. She graduated from the Sydney Film School in 2007 and spent the following year living in Paris. Title: Clark High School (Plano, Texas) Passage: R. C. Clark High School is a free co-educational secondary school in Plano, Texas (USA) serving grades nine and ten. Founded in 1978, the school is part of the Plano Independent School District. Hendrick Middle School, Carpenter Middle School, and Schimelpfenig Middle School feed into Clark. Students leaving Clark go on to attend Plano Senior High School. The school colors are red, white, and black, and the school mascot is the Cougar. Title: Samantha Bond Passage: Samantha Bond is the daughter of actor Philip Bond and TV producer Pat Sandys, and is the sister of the actress Abigail Bond and the journalist Matthew Bond. She was brought up in London, in homes in Barnes and St Margarets. She attended the Godolphin and Latymer School, and studied acting at the Bristol Old Vic Theatre School. Title: Michal Ansky Passage: At the age of 17, Ansky wrote a food column for a local newspaper ("Kol Ha’ir"). Michal Ansky is the daughter of Sherry Ansky, journalist and gastronomist, and Alex Ansky, actor and radio presenter. She was born in Jerusalem where she attended the Gymnasia Rehavia school. Title: Val Kilmer Passage: Kilmer attended Berkeley Hall School, a Christian Science school in Los Angeles, until ninth grade. He attended Chatsworth High School with Kevin Spacey and Mare Winningham, and also attended the Hollywood Professional School. He became the youngest person at the time to be accepted into the Juilliard School's Drama Division, where he was a member of Group 10. Title: Reds (film) Passage: Reds is a 1981 American epic historical drama film co-written, produced, and directed by Warren Beatty. The picture centers on the life and career of John Reed, the journalist and writer who chronicled the Russian Revolution in his book "Ten Days That Shook the World". Beatty stars in the lead role alongside Diane Keaton as Louise Bryant and Jack Nicholson as Eugene O'Neill. Title: Mowsley Passage: The Church of England School in Mowsley was built in 1864, but there had been a Sunday school in the village from 1833, which was attended by 17 boys and 22 girls. By 1871 there were 18 boys and 18 girls who attended the new school and in 1872 a school committee was formed who assumed responsibility for the ongoing management of the school, which had previously been the remit of the rector and the Churchwardens. A school mistress was also appointed in this year at a salary of £22 10s a year. In 1892, the cost of the general management and upkeep of the school was £64. The number of pupils two years later was just 16. In 1900 the school attendance had increased to 22, due to the closure of Laughton school and the subsequent transfer of its students to Mowsley. In 1923 it was decided that children over the age of 11 would attend the 'senior top' at Husbands Bosworth National School, however this was a fairly short lived arrangement, because the 'senior top' closed in 1930, transferring all senior pupils to Church Langton. The school in Mowsley continued as a junior school for the Mowsley and Laughton districts and in 1933 it had 35 pupils in attendance. The junior school eventually came under the jurisdiction of the local authority and by 1958, it had an attendance of 22. Title: Ty Williams (actor) Passage: Ty Williams (born December 24, 1966) is an American film and television actor. Williams was born in Saginaw, Michigan, but grew up in the city of Shields in Michigan. Ty attended the Swan Valley High School, and then attended the Central Michigan University. He had moved to Los Angeles in 1998. Title: Juno Temple Passage: Temple was born in Hammersmith, London, the daughter of producer Amanda Pirie and film director Julien Temple. Her aunt is politician Nina Temple. She grew up in Taunton, Somerset, and attended Enmore Primary School, Bedales School, and King's College, Taunton. She has two younger brothers: Leo and Felix. Title: Gavrik Losey Passage: Gavrik was born in New York, the son of film director Joseph Losey and fashion designer Elizabeth Hawes. He attended the Little Red SchoolHouse in Manhattan, Poughkeepsie Day School in Poughkeepsie, and high school in New Jersey. After graduating, he travelled with his blacklisted father to England where he attended University College London. Title: Christian Magdu Passage: A recognizable name and face in Sweden, Christian started working as an actor straight out of high school in the touring play ""Europe 1697"". Even though he studied sciences in high school it was the liberal arts and most of all theater, that was his great passion. He attended two famous, Swedish theater conservatories - Wendelsberg in 1998 and the highly prestigious, highly competitive Skara Skolscen in 2000. Christian describes Skara Skolscen as his most valuable time evolving as a new actor. Title: Troy Rutter Passage: Troy Rutter (born August 1, 1973) is an American actor, author and programmer. He was born in Ames, Iowa where he attended Ames Senior High School and later Iowa State University where he earned a Bachelor of Arts in Journalism and Mass Communications. Title: Voula Zouboulaki Passage: Voula Zouboulaki (; born Paraskevi Zouboulaki; 24 September 1924 – 7 September 2015) was an Egyptian-born Greek actress. She was the wife of actor Dimitris Myrat. She attended the Dramatic School of the National Theatre, the School of the National Odeon and the Law School of the University of Athens. Title: Maxi Biewer Passage: Biewer was born in Berlin, the daughter of actor Gerd Biewer and Brigitte Krause. She speaks German, English, Russian and French. Biewer attended a Polytechnic High School in Berlin, Köpenick, where it also passed the Abitur. She graduated from the Academy of Dramatic Arts "Ernst Busch" in Berlin. Title: Andrew Horne Passage: Andrew Horne graduated from the University of Louisville in 1983. While attending the school he was accepted as to the fraternity of Phi Kappa Tau which has famous alumni such as actor Paul Newman and Senator Mitch McConnell. He was the first member of his family to graduate college.	[ "Northwestern University", "Reds (film)" ]
when did the drinking age change to 19 where My Talk Show was set?	July 1, 1984	[]	Title: The Piano Has Been Drinking (Not Me) (An Evening with Pete King) Passage: "The Piano Has Been Drinking (Not Me) (An Evening with Pete King)", often referred to as "The Piano Has Been Drinking", is a song written and performed by Tom Waits. The song first appeared on his 1976 album "Small Change", and an extended live version on the 1981 compilation album "Bounced Checks". Title: Alcohol laws of New York Passage: In response to the National Minimum Drinking Age Act in 1984, which reduced by up to 10% the federal highway funding of any state which did not have a minimum purchasing age of 21, the New York Legislature raised the drinking age from 19 to 21, effective December 1, 1985. (The drinking age had been 18 for many years before the first raise in 1984, to 19.) Persons under 21 are prohibited from purchasing alcohol or possessing alcohol with the intent to consume, unless the alcohol was given to that person by their parent or legal guardian. There is no law prohibiting where people under 21 may possess or consume alcohol that was given to them by their parents. Persons under 21 are prohibited from having a blood alcohol level of 0.02% or higher while driving. Title: Alcohol laws of Wisconsin Passage: The drinking age in Wisconsin is 21. Those under the legal drinking age may be served, possess, or consume alcohol if they are with a parent, legal guardian, or spouse who is of legal drinking age. Those age 18 to 20 may also possess (but not consume) alcohol as part of their employment. Title: 90 Minutes Live Passage: 90 Minutes Live was a Canadian television late-night talk show, which aired on CBC Television from April 19, 1976, to May 12, 1978. The program aired weekday evenings at 11:30 p.m. Title: Cybill Passage: "Cybill" takes place in Los Angeles and focuses on the character of a somewhat faded actress, Cybill Sheridan (played by Cybill Shepherd), who, because of her age, had been relegated to playing character roles, bit parts, and TV commercials. Also featured are her daughters: headstrong Zoey (Witt) and uptight Rachel (Pfeiffer), two ex-husbands: Ira (Rosenberg) and Jeff (Wopat), and her hard-drinking best friend Maryann (Baranski). Due to the show's premise, many episodes featured a show-within-a-show format, showing Cybill Sheridan playing a variety of other characters in her various film and TV acting roles. Title: Legal drinking age Passage: Spain 18 Asturias was the last autonomous community in Spain where the drinking age was increased to 18 (previously 16) on 1 May 2015. Title: U.S. history of alcohol minimum purchase age by state Passage: From 1976 to 1983, several states voluntarily raised their purchase ages to 19 (or, less commonly, 20 or 21), in part to combat drunk driving fatalities. In 1984, Congress passed the National Minimum Drinking Age Act, which required states to raise their ages for purchase and public possession to 21 by October 1986 or lose 10% of their federal highway funds. By mid-1988, all 50 states and the District of Columbia had raised their purchase ages to 21 (but not Puerto Rico, Guam, or the Virgin Islands, see Additional Notes below). South Dakota and Wyoming were the final two states to comply with the age 21 mandate. The current drinking age of 21 remains a point of contention among many Americans, because of it being higher than the age of majority (18 in most states) and higher than the drinking ages of most other countries. The National Minimum Drinking Age Act is also seen as a congressional sidestep of the tenth amendment. Although debates have not been highly publicized, a few states have proposed legislation to lower their drinking age, while Guam has raised its drinking age to 21 in July 2010. Title: Koffee with Karan Passage: Koffee with Karan is an Indian talk show on Star World India hosted by film producer and director Karan Johar. First airing on 19 November 2004, it is the longest-running talk show in Indian television. The show concluded its sixth season on 17 March 2019. Title: Florence Henderson Passage: Florence Agnes Henderson (February 14, 1934 -- November 24, 2016) was an American actress and singer with a career spanning six decades. She is best remembered for her starring role as matriarch Carol Brady on the ABC sitcom The Brady Bunch from 1969 to 1974. Henderson also appeared in film, as well as on stage, and hosted several long - running cooking and variety shows over the years. She appeared as a guest on many scripted and unscripted (talk and reality show) television programs and as a panelist on numerous game shows. She was a contestant on Dancing with the Stars in 2010. Henderson hosted her own talk show, The Florence Henderson Show, and cooking show, Who's Cooking with Florence Henderson, on Retirement Living TV during the years leading up to her death at age 82 on Thanksgiving Day, 2016 from heart failure. Title: Alcohol laws of New Jersey Passage: New Jersey's drinking age was lowered to 18 in 1973 as part of a broader legal change which reduced New Jersey's age of majority from 21 to 18. Much of the impetus for lowering the drinking age to 18 was to grant returning Vietnam veterans the right to purchase alcohol. Possibly because of concerns about 18 - year - old high school students being able to legally purchase liquor, and then illegally consume it school, the state raised the drinking age to 19 in 1980. Citing statistics that indicated an increase in car deaths among drivers under 21, the drinking age was raised back to 21 in 1983. At the same time, the penalties for underage drinking were increased to include a mandatory driver's license suspension. In 1985, the state made it illegal for an adult to give alcohol to a person under 21, with exception for religious services and parents serving alcohol to their own children at home or in a private area. Title: My Talk Show Passage: The series, set in the fictional town of Derby, Wisconsin ("The Hat Capital of the World"), featured a local talk show aptly titled "My Talk Show", which was created by housewife and talk television fan Jennifer Bass, which aired on cable access. The program became a hit with viewers, leading to the series being picked up for syndication. The shows' setting took place in Bass' home with the garage being converted into an area for the studio audience, since the local television station in Bass' home town (possibly Milwaukee, since a channel 65 was circled as the station in the credits that showed a newspaper TV listings that also featured actual TV channels from Madison, Rockford and Chicago) could not accommodate any space for the production, so a satellite van and cameras were bought over to help tape the show for the airing. Title: Neil Rogers Passage: Neil Rogers (November 5, 1942December 24, 2010) was an American talk radio personality. Until his retirement on June 22, 2009, "The Neil Rogers Show" aired weekdays from 10am-2pm on 560 WQAM. It was consistently the top rated show in the Miami-Ft. Lauderdale media market and had been since his Miami debut in 1976. Although he was not syndicated nationally or even regionally, "Talkers" magazine, the trade publication of talk radio, ranked Rogers at Number 15 on its 2006 list of the 100 most important personalities in the business. Rogers died at the age of 68 at the Vitas Hospice at Florida Medical Center in Broward County, Florida. Title: Helen Reichert Passage: Helen Reichert (November 11, 1901 – September 25, 2011) was an American talk show personality, New York University professor, founder of "The Round Table of Fashion Executives", and the oldest living alumnus of Cornell University at the time of her death at age 109, just seven weeks before she would have become a supercentenarian. Title: Alcohol laws of Wisconsin Passage: The 1983 Wisconsin Act 74, effective July 1, 1984, created a drinking age of 19. Meeting in special session at the call of the governor, the legislature enacted 1985 Wisconsin Act 337, which raised the drinking age to 21 and brought the state into compliance with the NMDA (National Minimum Drinking Age) on September 1, 1986. Title: Minor (law) Passage: In law, a minor is a person under a certain age, usually the age of majority, which legally demarcates childhood from adulthood. The age of majority depends upon jurisdiction and application, but it is generally 18. Minor may also be used in contexts that are unconnected to the overall age of majority. For example, the drinking age in the United States is usually 21, and younger people are sometimes called minors in the context of alcohol law, even if they are at least 18. The term underage often refers to those under the age of majority, but it may also refer to persons under a certain age limit, such as the drinking age, smoking age, age of consent, marriageable age, driving age, voting age, etc. Such age limits are often different from the age of majority. Title: Alcohol laws of Wisconsin Passage: The drinking age in Wisconsin is 21. Those under the legal drinking age may be served, possess, or consume alcohol if they are with a parent, legal guardian, or spouse who is of legal drinking age. Those age 18 - 20 may also be served, possess or consume alcohol if they are with a parent, legal guardian, or spouse who is of legal drinking age. Those age 18 to 20 may also possess (but not consume) alcohol as part of their employment. Title: Alcohol laws of New Jersey Passage: New Jersey and all other U.S. states comport with the requirement of the National Minimum Drinking Age Act of 1984, which sought to set a national standard of 21 as the minimum age for purchasing and publicly possessing alcoholic beverages. To make states comply, Congress tied a state's failure to enact a drinking age at 21 to a punitive decrease in a state's apportionment of federal highway funding. Federal law requires colleges and universities that accept federal financial aid institute policies to sanction students who violate underage drinking and other alcohol laws, and to track the number of liquor laws violations. The Chronicle of Higher Education has reported that many colleges fail to comply with these laws, and federal enforcement is minimal. Title: Shark Energy Passage: Shark Energy Drink is available in a number of variations, including carbonated, uncarbonated versions, sugared and sugar-free. The drink is manufactured in Thailand by the Osotspa Co. Ltd in Bangkok, and also in Europe by Shark AG in Innsbruck, Austria. Title: Gary Chapman (musician) Passage: Gary Winther Chapman (born August 19, 1957) is an American contemporary Christian music singer-songwriter and former television talk show host. Title: Alcohol laws of New York Passage: In response to the National Minimum Drinking Age Act in 1984, which reduced by up to 10% the federal highway funding of any state which did not have a minimum purchasing age of 21, the New York Legislature raised the drinking age from 19 to 21, effective December 1, 1985. (The drinking age had been 18 for many years before the first raise on December 4th, 1982, to 19.) Persons under 21 are prohibited from purchasing alcohol or possessing alcohol with the intent to consume, unless the alcohol was given to that person by their parent or legal guardian. There is no law prohibiting where people under 21 may possess or consume alcohol that was given to them by their parents. Persons under 21 are prohibited from having a blood alcohol level of 0.02% or higher while driving.	[ "My Talk Show", "Alcohol laws of Wisconsin" ]
During the rule changing debates who represented the alma mater of the owner of the Gold Spike in the host city of the World Series of Poker?	A. Lawrence Lowell	[ "Lawrence Lowell" ]	Title: 2017 World Series of Poker Passage: The 2017 World Series of Poker was the 48th annual World Series of Poker (WSOP). It took place from May 30 - July 17 at the Rio All - Suite Hotel & Casino in Las Vegas, Nevada. There was a record 74 bracelet events including the third edition of the $565 Colossus tournament and the $10,000 No Limit Hold'em Main Event, which began on July 8. Title: World Series of Poker bracelet Passage: In 2007, Corum became the official bracelet manufacturer for the WSOP. Some of the 2007 World Series of Poker champions received both a watch and a bracelet from Corum. Corum designed four variations for the 2007 World Series of Poker Bracelets. The standard version that is presented to 53 winners features 53 diamonds. The Ladies World Champion receives a bracelet that is adorned with four black diamonds, two rubies and 87 blue sapphires. The $50,000 HORSE Champion Bracelet has 91 black diamonds and two rubies. The World Series of Poker Main Event Bracelet has 120 diamonds on 136 grams of 18 carat (75 percent) white gold. The value of the 2007 bracelets have not been released, but the typical price of a Corum watch ranges from $1,500 -- $30,000 +. Title: National Heads-Up Poker Championship Passage: The National Heads-Up Poker Championship was an annual poker tournament held in the United States and produced by the NBC television network. It is a $25,000 "buy-in" invitation-only tournament organized as a series of one-on-one games of no limit Texas hold 'em matches. The participants include many of the world's most successful poker players, as well as celebrities. Title: Davidi Kitai Passage: Davidi Kitai (born 28 September 1979) is a Belgian professional poker player who won the 2008 World Series of Poker $2,000 Pot-Limit Hold'em event, becoming the first Belgian to win a WSOP bracelet. He also has won 2 other bracelets and has an EPT title and a WPT title, along with numerous other big scores and titles. Title: Dan Kelly (poker player) Passage: Daniel J. Kelly (born March 10, 1989 in Fairfax, Virginia) is an American professional poker player from Potomac, Maryland who won his first bracelet at the 2010 World Series of Poker in the $25,000 No Limit Hold'em Six Handed event, earning $1,315,518. his second came at the 2014 WSOP in the $1,500 Limit Hold'em event. Title: LinkExchange Passage: It was founded in March 1996 by 23-year-old Harvard graduates Tony Hsieh (who later went on to invest in and become the CEO of Zappos) and Sanjay Madan. Ali Partovi later joined them as a third partner in August 1996. In November 1996, when the company consisted of about 10 people, it moved from Hsieh's and Madan's living room to an office in San Francisco. In May 1997, the company received US$3 million in funding from Sequoia Capital. Title: Constitution of Norway Passage: Several other amendments have been adopted since 1814. After World War II and the restoration of peace and constitutional rule, there was much debate on how to handle the events of the previous five years. None of this led to any changes in the constitution; it had withstood the test of hard times. Title: Inventions That Changed the World Passage: Inventions That Changed the World is a five-part BBC Two documentary series presented by Jeremy Clarkson. First broadcast on 15 January 2004, the programme takes a look at some of the inventions that helped to shape the modern world. The UKTV channel "Yesterday" frequently repeats this series. However, episodes are edited to 46 minutes to allow for commercials to air in the one-hour time slot. Title: Paul Wasicka Passage: Paul J. Wasicka (born February 17, 1981 in Dallas, Texas) is a professional poker player, based in Denver, Colorado who was the runner-up at the 2006 World Series of Poker Main Event and the winner of the 2007 NBC National Heads-Up Poker Championship. Title: Pirates of the Caribbean (film series) Passage: Directors of the series include Gore Verbinski (1 -- 3), Rob Marshall (4) and Joachim Rønning and Espen Sandberg (5). The series is primarily written by Ted Elliott and Terry Rossio (1 -- 4); other writers include Stuart Beattie (1), Jay Wolpert (1) and Jeff Nathanson (5). The stories follow the adventures of Captain Jack Sparrow (Johnny Depp), Will Turner (Orlando Bloom) and Elizabeth Swann (Keira Knightley). Characters such as Hector Barbossa (Geoffrey Rush) and Joshamee Gibbs (Kevin McNally) follow Jack, Will and Elizabeth in the course of the films. The fourth film features Blackbeard (Ian McShane) and Angelica (Penélope Cruz), while the fifth film features Armando Salazar (Javier Bardem), Henry Turner (Brenton Thwaites) and Carina Smyth (Kaya Scodelario). The films take place in a fictional historical setting; a world ruled by the British Empire, the East India Trading Company (based on the real East India Company) and the Spanish Empire, with pirates representing freedom from the ruling powers. Title: Rick Salomon Passage: Rick Salomon (born January 24, 1969) is an American poker player, mostly known for his relationships with various female celebrities, including Elizabeth Daily, Shannen Doherty, Paris Hilton, and Pamela Anderson. He is also known for winning $2.8 million in the 2014, $3.3 million in the 2016, and $2.84 million in the 2018 World Series of Poker's Big One for One Drop event. Title: Gold Spike (property) Passage: Gold Spike (formerly Gold Spike Hotel & Casino) is a bar, lounge, residential building, and former boutique 112 - room, seven floor hotel. It is connected with the Oasis at the Gold Spike, a 50 - room three floor hotel located in downtown Las Vegas. It was owned by entrepreneur Tony Hsieh and his Downtown Project, having bought it from The Siegel Group; and the casino was operated by Golden Gaming. Title: World Series of Poker Passage: The World Series of Poker (WSOP) is a series of poker tournaments held annually in Las Vegas and, since 2005, sponsored by Caesars Entertainment Corporation (known as Harrah's Entertainment until 2010). It dates its origins to 1970, when Benny Binion invited seven of the best - known poker players to the Horseshoe Casino for a single tournament, with a set start and stop time, and a winner determined by a secret ballot of the seven players. Title: John Juanda Passage: Johnson "John" Juanda (born July 8, 1971) is an Indonesian-born American professional poker player based in Marina del Rey, California. He has won five World Series of Poker bracelets. He is best known for getting a hand of three queens on camera at the 2007 Crown Australian Poker Championship Main Event in a hand against Patrik Antonius and Antanas Guoga. Title: Golden spike Passage: The golden spike (also known as The Last Spike) is the ceremonial 17.6 - karat gold final spike driven by Leland Stanford to join the rails of the First Transcontinental Railroad across the United States connecting the Central Pacific and Union Pacific railroads on May 10, 1869, at Promontory Summit, Utah Territory. The term last spike has been used to refer to one driven at the usually ceremonial completion of any new railroad construction projects, particularly those in which construction is undertaken from two disparate origins towards a meeting point. The spike is now displayed in the Cantor Arts Center at Stanford University. Title: World Series of Poker Passage: The idea of a World Series of Poker began in 1969 with an event called the Texas Gambling Reunion. It was an invitational event sponsored by Tom Moore of San Antonio, Texas, and held at the Holiday Hotel and Casino in Reno. This inaugural event was won by Crandell Addington. The set of tournaments that the World Series of Poker (WSOP) would evolve into was the brainchild of Las Vegas casino owner and poker player Benny Binion. In 1970, the first WSOP at Binion's Horseshoe took place as a series of cash games that included five - card stud, deuce to seven low - ball draw, razz, seven - card stud, and Texas hold 'em. The format for the Main Event as a freeze - out Texas hold' em game came the next year. The winner in 1970, Johnny Moss, was elected by his peers as the first ``World Champion of Poker ''and received a silver cup as a prize. Title: 2002 FIFA World Cup Passage: The 2002 FIFA World Cup was the 17th staging of the FIFA World Cup which took place from 31 May to 30 June 2002 in South Korea and Japan. This world cup set a number of precedents. It was the first World Cup to be held in Asia. No previous World Cup was held on a continent other than Europe or the Americas. It was also the first World Cup to be jointly hosted by more than one nation. Finally, this was the last event to use the golden goal rule. Brazil won the tournament for a record fifth time, winning the final against Germany 2 -- 0. The victory meant Brazil qualified for the 2005 FIFA Confederations Cup for the fifth time, representing the World. In the third place play - off match against South Korea, Turkey won 3 -- 2 taking third place in only their second ever FIFA World Cup finals. China PR, Ecuador, Senegal and Slovenia made their first appearances at the finals. Title: Yale University Passage: In 1909–10, football faced a crisis resulting from the failure of the previous reforms of 1905–06 to solve the problem of serious injuries. There was a mood of alarm and mistrust, and, while the crisis was developing, the presidents of Harvard, Yale, and Princeton developed a project to reform the sport and forestall possible radical changes forced by government upon the sport. President Arthur Hadley of Yale, A. Lawrence Lowell of Harvard, and Woodrow Wilson of Princeton worked to develop moderate changes to reduce injuries. Their attempts, however, were reduced by rebellion against the rules committee and formation of the Intercollegiate Athletic Association. The big three had tried to operate independently of the majority, but changes did reduce injuries. Title: Brent Carter Passage: Brent R. Carter (born September 28, 1948) is an American professional poker player from Oak Park, Illinois who has won two World Series of Poker bracelets. He lives in Oak Park, IL. Title: Greg Merson Passage: Gregory "Greg" Merson (born December 8, 1987) is an American professional poker player. Merson is best known as the winner of the Main Event at the 2012 World Series of Poker (WSOP). During the same year, he also won a WSOP bracelet in the $10,000 Six Handed No-Limit Hold'em World Championship. Largely as a result of these two championships, he was the 2012 WSOP Player of the Year. He is an online shorthanded cash game poker professional.	[ "World Series of Poker", "LinkExchange", "Gold Spike (property)", "Yale University" ]
When did the roof gardens above the neighborhood where Robert Gallagher was born opened to the public?	1980s	[]	Title: Ian Gallagher Passage: Ian Gallagher is the third oldest Gallagher sibling and is aged 15 at the beginning of the first series in 2004. He is the son of Monica Gallagher (Annabelle Apsion) and Gary Bennett, revealed when his blood group was found to be incompatible with the rest of his siblings'. His half - brothers are Phillip ``Lip ''Gallagher (Jody Latham), Carl Gallagher (Elliott Tittensor), Liam Gallagher (Johnny Bennett) and Sean Bennett, and his half - sisters are Fiona Gallagher (Anne - Marie Duff), Debbie Gallagher (Rebecca Ryan), and Stella Gallagher (Nikita Brownlee). He has one niece, Katie Maguire, who is the daughter of Lip. He used to work at The Jockey as a barman but in more recent series his employment, if he has any, has not been shown. Title: Warsaw Passage: Another important library – the University Library, founded in 1816, is home to over two million items. The building was designed by architects Marek Budzyński and Zbigniew Badowski and opened on 15 December 1999. It is surrounded by green. The University Library garden, designed by Irena Bajerska, was opened on 12 June 2002. It is one of the largest and most beautiful roof gardens in Europe with an area of more than 10,000 m2 (107,639.10 sq ft), and plants covering 5,111 m2 (55,014.35 sq ft). As the university garden it is open to the public every day. Title: National Orchid Garden Passage: The National Orchid Garden, located within the Singapore Botanic Gardens, was opened on 20 October 1995 by Singapore's Minister Mentor Lee Kuan Yew. Title: Sidney Myer Music Bowl Passage: The Sidney Myer Music Bowl is an outdoor, bandshell performance venue in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. It is located in the lawns and gardens of Kings Domain, Linlithgow Ave, Melbourne, close to the Arts Centre and the Southbank entertainment precinct. It was officially opened by Prime Minister Robert Menzies on 12 February 1959, with an audience of 30,000 people, and is listed on the Victorian Heritage Register. Title: Windfall (sculpture) Passage: Windfall is a public art work by Canadian artist Robert Murray located at the Lynden Sculpture Garden near Milwaukee, Wisconsin. The sculpture is an abstract form made of aluminum panels set at angles; it is painted bright red and installed on the lawn. Title: Cleveland Botanical Garden Passage: The Cleveland Botanical Garden, located in the University Circle neighborhood of Cleveland, Ohio, in the United States, was founded in 1930 as the Garden Center of Greater Cleveland. It was the first such organization in an American city. Originally housed in a converted boathouse on Wade Park Lagoon, the center served as a horticultural library, offering classes and workshops for gardeners and spearheading beautification projects in the community. In 1966, having outgrown its original home, the Garden Center moved to its present location in University Circle, the site of the old Cleveland Zoo. Remnants of the old bear pit still remain in the Ohio Woodland Garden. In 1994, the organization's Board of Trustees changed the name to Cleveland Botanical Garden to reflect a dramatically expanded mission and launched an ambitious capital campaign to develop a facility that would support the enhanced program agenda. The expanded and renovated building, designed by Graham Gund Architects of Cambridge, Massachusetts, opened to the public in July 2003. Title: Mehan Garden Passage: Mehan Garden is an open space in Manila, Philippines. It was established in 1858 by the Spanish colonial authorities as a botanical garden, called the "Jardín Botánico", outside the walled city. Title: Elven C. Smith House Passage: Elven C. Smith House is a historic home located at Williamson, Mingo County, West Virginia. It was built in 1938, in a Neo-Classical Revival / Georgian Revival style. It is a red brick building with a hipped roof and features a two-story, flat roofed portico supported by fluted columns. Also on the property is a stone retaining wall and monumental stairway in the landscaped gardens. Title: The Garden of Unearthly Delights Passage: The Garden Of Unearthly Delights is a novel by British author Robert Rankin. Its title is a reference to the painting "The Garden of Earthly Delights" by the painter Hieronymus Bosch. Title: Highline Botanical Garden Passage: Highline Botanical Garden is a community botanical garden located at 13735 24th Avenue South, SeaTac, Washington. It is open daily without charge. Title: Kensington Roof Gardens Passage: The building housed the department store Derry and Toms until 1973, and then Biba until 1975. Since the 1980s the garden has been used as a restaurant and club. Title: Way Four Passage: Way Four is a public art work by artist Bernard Kirschenbaum at the Lynden Sculpture Garden near Milwaukee, Wisconsin. The stainless steel sculpture is an open circle that creates an orbit for two triangles; it is installed on the lawn. Title: London Transport Museum Passage: The museum operates from two sites within London. The main site in Covent Garden uses the name of its parent institution, sometimes suffixed by "Covent Garden", and is open to the public every day, having reopened in 2007 after a two-year refurbishment. The other site, located in Acton, is known as the London Transport Museum Depot and is principally a storage site that is open on regular visitor days throughout the year. Title: Robert Gallagher Passage: Robert Gallagher (born 1969 in Kensington, England) is an award winning commercial and editorial photographer currently based in Los Angeles, California. He has been awarded three times in the prestigious Communication Arts Photography Annual, named one of the 'Top 25 Photographers of 2016' by Creative Quarterly and is archived in The National Portrait Gallery in London Title: Ballarat Botanical Gardens Passage: The Ballarat Botanical Gardens Reserve, located on the western shore of picturesque Lake Wendouree, in Ballarat, Victoria, Australia, covers an area of 40 hectares which is divided into three distinct zones. The central Botanical Gardens reserve in the 'gardenesque' style of the Victorian pleasure garden. On either side there are open parkland buffers known as the North and South Gardens. The Gardens celebrated its sesquicentenary (150 years old) in 2007. Title: Robert Marnock Passage: Robert Marnock (1800–1889) was one of the outstanding English horticulturalists and garden designers of the 19th century. He was considered by his contemporaries to be the best exponent of the Gardenesque school of landscape gardening. Title: Garvan Woodland Gardens Passage: Garvan Woodland Gardens is a 210-acre (850,000 m²) botanical garden located at 550 Arkridge Road, approximately 6 miles from Hot Springs National Park in Hot Springs, Arkansas, United States. Owned by the University of Arkansas, it has the stated mission of education, research and public service. For an admission fee, it is open daily, except on Thanksgiving Day, Christmas Day and the month of January. Title: Jardin botanique de Sedan Passage: The Jardin botanique de Sedan is a botanical garden and city park located on Philippoteaux Avenue beside the Place d'Alsace-Lorraine, Sedan, Ardennes, Champagne-Ardenne, France. It is open daily without charge. Title: Yankee Stadium (1923) Passage: In 2006, the Yankees began building a new $2.3 billion stadium in public parkland adjacent to the stadium. The price included $1.2 billion in public subsidies. The design includes a replica of the frieze along the roof that was in Yankee Stadium. Monument Park, a Hall of Fame for prominent former Yankees, was relocated to the new stadium. Yankee Stadium closed following the 2008 baseball season and the new stadium opened in 2009, adopting the ``Yankee Stadium ''moniker. The original Yankee Stadium was demolished in 2010, two years after it closed, and the 8 - acre site was converted into a park called Heritage Field. The new Yankee stadium opened in 2009 and is currently used by the NY Yankees. Title: Make Way for Ducklings Passage: Make Way for Ducklings is a children's picture book written and illustrated by Robert McCloskey. First published in 1941, the book tells the story of a pair of mallards who decide to raise their family on an island in the lagoon in Boston Public Garden, a park in the center of Boston.	[ "Robert Gallagher", "Kensington Roof Gardens" ]
For the 2008 Olympics, where did the torch relay begin in the city where the creator of Shaken, not stirred, was born?	Wembley Stadium	[ "Wembley" ]	Title: 2018 Winter Olympics torch relay Passage: The 2018 Winter Olympics torch relay began 24 October 2017 and ended on 9 February 2018, in advance of the 2018 Winter Olympics. After being lit in Olympia, Greece, the torch traveled to Athens on 31 October. The torch began its Korean journey on 1 November, visiting all Regions of Korea. The Korean leg began in Incheon: the torch travelled across the country for 101 days. 7,500 relay runners participated in the torch relay over a distance of 2,017 km. The torchbearers each carried the flame for 200 metres. The relay ended in Pyeongchang's Olympic Stadium, the main venue of the 2018 Olympics. The final torch was lit by figure skater Yuna Kim. Title: 2008 Summer Olympics torch relay Passage: The 2008 Summer Olympics torch relay was run from March 24 until August 8, 2008, prior to the 2008 Summer Olympics, with the theme of "one world, one dream". Plans for the relay were announced on April 26, 2007, in Beijing, China. The relay, also called by the organizers as the "Journey of Harmony", lasted 129 days and carried the torch 137,000 km (85,000 mi) – the longest distance of any Olympic torch relay since the tradition was started ahead of the 1936 Summer Olympics. Title: 2008 Summer Olympics torch relay Passage: In Japan, the Mayor of Nagano, Shoichi Washizawa said that it has become a "great nuisance" for the city to host the torch relay prior to the Nagano leg. Washizawa's aides said the mayor's remark was not criticism about the relay itself but about the potential disruptions and confusion surrounding it.　A city employee of the Nagano City Office ridiculed the protests in Europe, he said "They are doing something foolish", in a televised interview. Nagano City officially apologized later and explained what he had wanted to say was "Such violent protests were not easy to accept". Also citing concerns about protests as well as the recent violence in Tibet, a major Buddhist temple in Nagano cancelled its plans to host the opening stage of the Olympic torch relay, this temple was vandalised by an un-identified person the day after in apparent revenge, Title: 2008 Summer Olympics torch relay Passage: Some advocates for Tibet, Darfur, and the spiritual practice Falun Gong, planned to protest the April 9 arrival of the torch in San Francisco. China had already requested the torch route in San Francisco be shortened. On April 7, 2008, two days prior to the actual torch relay, three activists carrying Tibetan flags scaled the suspension cables of the Golden Gate Bridge to unfurl two banners, one saying "One World, One Dream. Free Tibet", and the other, "Free Tibet '08". Among them was San Francisco resident Laurel Sutherlin, who spoke to the local TV station KPIX-CBS5 live from a cellphone, urging the International Olympic Committee to ask China not to allow the torch to go through Tibet. "Sutherlin said he was worried that the torch's planned route through Tibet would lead to more arrests and Chinese officials would use force to stifle dissent." The three activists and five supporters face charges related to trespassing, conspiracy and causing a public nuisance. Title: 2008 Summer Olympics torch relay Passage: Great Britain: The torch relay leg held in London, the host city of the 2012 Summer Olympics, on April 6 began at Wembley Stadium, passed through the City of London, and eventually ended at O2 Arena in the eastern part of the city. The 48 km (30 mi) leg took a total of seven and a half hours to complete, and attracted protests by pro-Tibetan independence and pro-Human Rights supporters, prompting changes to the planned route and an unscheduled move onto a bus, which was then briefly halted by protestors. Home Secretary Jacqui Smith has officially complained to Beijing Organising Committee about the conduct of the tracksuit-clad Chinese security guards. The Chinese officials, seen manhandling protesters, were described by both the London Mayor Ken Livingstone and Lord Coe, chairman of the London Olympic Committee as "thugs". A Metropolitan police briefing paper revealed that security for the torch relay cost £750,000 and the participation of the Chinese security team had been agreed in advance, despite the Mayor stating, "We did not know beforehand these thugs were from the security services. Had I known so, we would have said no." Title: Samuel Coco-Viloin Passage: Coco-Viloin represented France at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing. He competed at the 4x100 metres relay together with Martial Mbandjock, Manuel Reynaert and Yannick Lesourd. In their qualification heat they placed sixth in a time of 39.53 seconds and they were eliminated. Title: 2008 Summer Olympics torch relay Passage: India: Due to concerns about pro-Tibet protests, the relay through New Delhi on April 17 was cut to just 2.3 km (less than 1.5 miles), which was shared amongst 70 runners. It concluded at the India Gate. The event was peaceful due to the public not being allowed at the relay. A total of five intended torchbearers -Kiran Bedi, Soha Ali Khan, Sachin Tendulkar, Bhaichung Bhutia and Sunil Gavaskar- withdrew from the event, citing "personal reasons", or, in Bhutia's case, explicitly wishing to "stand by the people of Tibet and their struggle" and protest against the PRC "crackdown" in Tibet. Indian national football captain, Baichung Bhutia refused to take part in the Indian leg of the torch relay, citing concerns over Tibet. Bhutia, who is Sikkimese, is the first athlete to refuse to run with the torch. Indian film star Aamir Khan states on his personal blog that the "Olympic Games do not belong to China" and confirms taking part in the torch relay "with a prayer in his heart for the people of Tibet, and ... for all people across the world who are victims of human rights violations". Rahul Gandhi, son of the Congress President Sonia Gandhi and scion of the Nehru-Gandhi family, also refused to carry the torch. Title: 2008 Summer Olympics torch relay Passage: After being lit at the birthplace of the Olympic Games in Olympia, Greece on March 24, the torch traveled to the Panathinaiko Stadium in Athens, and then to Beijing, arriving on March 31. From Beijing, the torch was following a route passing through six continents. The torch has visited cities along the Silk Road, symbolizing ancient links between China and the rest of the world. The relay also included an ascent with the flame to the top of Mount Everest on the border of Nepal and Tibet, China from the Chinese side, which was closed specially for the event. Title: 2008 Summer Olympics torch relay Passage: Thailand: The April 18 relay through Bangkok was the Olympic flame's first visit to Thailand. The relay covered just over 10 km, and included Bangkok's Chinatown. The torch was carried past Democracy Monument, Chitralada Palace and a number of other city landmarks. M.R. Narisa Chakrabongse, Green World Foundation (GWF) chairwoman, withdrew from the torch-running ceremony, protesting against China's actions in Tibet. Several hundred protesters were present, along with Olympic supporters. Thai authorities threatened to arrest foreign protesters and ban them from future entry into Thailand. A coalition of Thai human rights groups announced that it would organise a "small demonstration" during the relay, and several hundred people did indeed take part in protests, facing Beijing supporters. Intended torchbearer Mom Rajawongse Narissara Chakrabongse boycotted the relay, to protest against China's actions in Tibet. In Bangkok, students told the media that the Chinese Embassy provided them with transportation and gave them shirts to wear. Title: Ian Fleming Passage: Ian Lancaster Fleming was born on 28 May 1908, at 27 Green Street in the wealthy London district of Mayfair. His mother was Evelyn ("" Rose), and his father was Valentine Fleming, the Member of Parliament for Henley from 1910 to 1917. As an infant he briefly lived, with his family, at Braziers Park in Oxfordshire. Fleming was a grandson of the Scottish financier Robert Fleming, who founded the Scottish American Investment Trust and the merchant bank Robert Fleming & Co. Title: 2008 Summer Olympics torch relay Passage: In many cities along the North American and European route, the torch relay was protested by advocates of Tibetan independence, animal rights, and legal online gambling, and people protesting against China's human rights record, resulting in confrontations at a few of the relay locations. These protests, which ranged from hundreds of people in San Francisco, to effectively none in Pyongyang, forced the path of the torch relay to be changed or shortened on a number of occasions. The torch was extinguished by Chinese security officials several times during the Paris leg for security reasons, and once in protest in Paris. Title: I'll Take That as a Yes (The Hot Tub Song) Passage: "I'll That as a Yes (The Hot Tub Song)" is a song written by Vince Melamed and Jon McElroy, and recorded by American country music artist Phil Vassar. It was released in November 2004 as the second single from the album "Shaken Not Stirred". The song reached number 17 on the "Billboard" Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart. Title: 2008 Summer Olympics torch relay Passage: Prompted by the chaotic torch relays in Western Europe and North America, the president of the International Olympic Committee, Jacques Rogge described the situation as a "crisis" for the organization and stated that any athletes displaying Tibetan flags at Olympic venues could be expelled from the games. though he stopped short of cancelling the relay altogether despite calls to do so by some IOC members. The outcome of the relay influenced the IOC's decision to scrap global relays in future editions of the games. Title: 2008 Summer Olympics torch relay Passage: Indonesia: The Olympic flame reached Jakarta on April 22. The original 20 km relay through Jakarta was cancelled due to "security worries", at the request of the Chinese embassy, and the torch was instead carried round the city main's stadium, as it had been in Islamabad. Several dozen pro-Tibet protesters gathered near the stadium, and were dispersed by the police. The event was held in the streets around the city main's stadium. The cancelling of the relay through the city itself was decided due to security concerns and at the request of the Chinese embassy. Only invitees and journalists were admitted inside the stadium. Protests took place outside the stadium. Title: 2008 Summer Olympics torch relay Passage: Tanzania: Dar es Salaam was the torch's only stop in Africa, on April 13. The relay began at the grand terminal of the TAZARA Railway, which was China's largest foreign aid project of the 1970s, and continued for 5 km through the old city to the Benjamin Mkapa National Stadium in Temeke, which was built with Chinese aid in 2005. The torch was lit by Vice-President Ali Mohamed Shein. About a thousand people followed the relay, waving the Olympic flag. The only noted instance of protest was Nobel Peace Prize laureate Wangari Maathai's withdrawal from the list of torchbearers, in protest against human rights abuses in Tibet. Title: Shaken, not stirred Passage: "Shaken, not stirred" is a catchphrase of Ian Fleming's fictional British Secret Service agent James Bond and describes his preference for the preparation of his martini cocktails. Title: 2008 Summer Olympics torch relay Passage: The route carried the torch through six continents from March 2008 to May 2008 to August 2008. The planned route originally included a stop in Taipei between Ho Chi Minh City and Hong Kong, but there was disagreement in Beijing and Taipei over language used to describe whether it was an international or a domestic part of the route. While the Olympic committees of China and Chinese Taipei reached initial consensus on the approach, the government of the Republic of China in Taiwan intervened, stating that this placement could be interpreted as placing Taiwan on the same level as Hong Kong and Macau, an implication it objected to. The Beijing Organizing Committee attempted to continue negotiation, but further disputes arose over the flag or the anthem of the Republic of China along the 24 km torch route in Taiwan. By the midnight deadline for concluding the negotiation on September 21, 2007, Taiwan and China were unable to come to terms with the issue of the Torch Relay. In the end, both sides of the Taiwan Strait decided to eliminate the Taipei leg. Title: 2008 Summer Olympics torch relay Passage: India rejected Chinese demands that the torch route be clear of India's 150,000-strong Tibetan exile community, by which they required a ban on congregation near the curtailed 3 km route. In response Indian officials said India was a democracy, and "a wholesale ban on protests was out of the question". Contradicting some other reports, Indian officials also refused permission to the "Olympic Holy Flame Protection Unit". The combined effect is a "rapid deterioration" of relations between India and China. Meanwhile, the Tibetan government in exile, which is based in India, has stated that it did not support the disruption of the Olympic torch relay. Title: 2008 Summer Olympics torch relay Passage: North Korea: The event was held in Pyongyang on April 28. It was the first time that the Olympic torch has traveled to North Korea. A crowd of thousands waving pink paper flowers and small flags with the Beijing Olympics logo were organized by the authoritarian regime watched the beginning of the relay in Pyongyang, some waving Chinese flags. The event was presided over by the head of the country's parliament, Kim Yong Nam. The North, an ally of China, has been critical of disruptions to the torch relay elsewhere and has supported Beijing in its actions against protests in Tibet. Kim passed the torch to the first runner Pak Du Ik, who played on North Korea's 1966 World Cup soccer team, as he began the 19-kilometre route through Pyongyang. The relay began from the large sculpted flame of the obelisk of the Juche Tower, which commemorates the national ideology of Juche, or "self-reliance", created by the country's late founding President Kim Il Sung, father of leader Kim Jong Il, who did not attend. Title: 2008 Sichuan earthquake Passage: The Ningbo Organizing Committee of the Beijing Olympic torch relay announced that the relay, scheduled to take place in Ningbo during national morning, would be suspended for the duration of the mourning period. The route of the torch through the country was scaled down, and there was a minute of silence when the next leg started in city of Ruijin, Jiangxi on the Wednesday after the quake.	[ "Ian Fleming", "Shaken, not stirred", "2008 Summer Olympics torch relay" ]
How many member states in the continent that is mentioned are recognized by the organization that mediated the truce which ended the Iran-Iraq War?	53 member states	[]	Title: Girl Passage: Gender influences the pattern of child labor. Girls tend to be asked by their families to perform more domestic work in their parental home than boys are, and often at younger ages than boys. Employment as a paid domestic worker is the most common form of child labor for girls. In some places, such as East and Southeast Asia, parents often see work as a domestic servant as a good preparation for marriage. Domestic service, however, is among the least regulated of all professions, and exposes workers to serious risks, such as violence, exploitation and abuse by the employers, because the workers are often isolated from the outside world. Child labor has a very negative effect on education. Girls either stop their education, or, when they continue it, they are often subjected to a double burden, or a triple burden of work outside the home, housework in the parental home, and schoolwork. This situation is common in places such as parts of Asia and Latin America. Title: Forty Years' War Passage: The Forty Years' War (; 1385 – 1424; also Ava-Pegu War or the Mon-Burmese War) was a military conflict fought between the Burmese-speaking Kingdom of Ava and the Mon-speaking Kingdom of Hanthawaddy Pegu. The war was fought during two separate periods: 1385 to 1391, and 1401 to 1424, interrupted by two truces of 1391–1401 and 1403–1408. It was fought primarily in today's Lower Burma and also in Upper Burma, Shan State and Rakhine State. It ended in a stalemate, preserving the independence of Hanthawaddy, and effectively ending Ava's efforts to rebuild the erstwhile Pagan Kingdom. Title: Shahid Dastgerdi Stadium Passage: The Shahid Dastgerdi Stadium (also known as PAS Tehran Stadium) () is a football stadium located in the Ekbatan area of Tehran, Iran. It was named after a casualty of the Iran–Iraq War. It is the former home of PAS Tehran F.C. and now hosts the Iran national under-20 football team. Title: Operation Praying Mantis Passage: Operation Praying Mantis was an attack on 18 April 1988, by U.S. forces within Iranian territorial waters in retaliation for the Iranian mining of the Persian Gulf during the Iran–Iraq War and the subsequent damage to an American warship. Title: Iran Passage: On September 22, 1980, the Iraqi army invaded the Iranian Khuzestan, and the Iran–Iraq War began. Although the forces of Saddam Hussein made several early advances, by mid 1982, the Iranian forces successfully managed to drive the Iraqi army back into Iraq. In July 1982, with Iraq thrown on the defensive, Iran took the decision to invade Iraq and conducted countless offensives in a bid to conquer Iraqi territory and capture cities, such as Basra. The war continued until 1988, when the Iraqi army defeated the Iranian forces inside Iraq and pushed the remaining Iranian troops back across the border. Subsequently, Khomeini accepted a truce mediated by the UN. The total Iranian casualties in the war were estimated to be 123,220–160,000 KIA, 60,711 MIA, and 11,000–16,000 civilians killed. Title: Mesopotamia Passage: Mesopotamia is a historical region in West Asia situated within the Tigris -- Euphrates river system, in modern days roughly corresponding to most of Iraq plus Kuwait, the eastern parts of Syria, Southeastern Turkey, and regions along the Turkish -- Syrian and Iran -- Iraq borders. Title: Ancient Near East Passage: The ancient Near East was the home of early civilizations within a region roughly corresponding to the modern Middle East: Mesopotamia (modern Iraq, southeast Turkey, southwest Iran, northeastern Syria and Kuwait), ancient Egypt, ancient Iran (Elam, Media, Parthia and Persia), Anatolia / Asia Minor and Armenian Highlands (Turkey's Eastern Anatolia Region, Armenia, northwestern Iran, southern Georgia, and western Azerbaijan), the Levant (modern Syria, Lebanon, Palestine, Israel, and Jordan), Cyprus and the Arabian Peninsula. The ancient Near East is studied in the fields of Near Eastern archaeology and ancient history. Title: Gulf War Passage: The next targets were command and communication facilities. Saddam Hussein had closely micromanaged Iraqi forces in the Iran–Iraq War, and initiative at lower levels was discouraged. Coalition planners hoped that Iraqi resistance would quickly collapse if deprived of command and control. Title: Armenia Passage: The Karabakh war ended after a Russian-brokered cease-fire was put in place in 1994. The war was a success for the Karabakh Armenian forces who managed to capture 16% of Azerbaijan's internationally recognised territory including Nagorno-Karabakh itself. Since then, Armenia and Azerbaijan have held peace talks, mediated by the Organisation for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE). The status of Karabakh has yet to be determined. The economies of both countries have been hurt in the absence of a complete resolution and Armenia's borders with Turkey and Azerbaijan remain closed. By the time both Azerbaijan and Armenia had finally agreed to a ceasefire in 1994, an estimated 30,000 people had been killed and over a million had been displaced. Title: United States support for Iraq during the Iran–Iraq War Passage: United States support for Ba'athist Iraq during the Iran -- Iraq War, against post-revolutionary Iran, included several billion dollars' worth of economic aid, the sale of dual - use technology, non-U.S. origin weaponry, military intelligence, and special operations training. At no point, however, did the U.S. directly supply arms to Iraq. Of particular interest for contemporary Iran -- United States relations are the repeated accusations that the U.S. government actively encouraged Iraqi leader Saddam Hussein to invade Iran (proponents of this theory frequently describe the U.S. as having given Saddam a ``green light ''), supported by a considerable amount of circumstantial evidence, but the U.S. government officially denies that any such collusion occurred, and no conclusive proof of it has been found by scholars that have studied the issue. Title: Masoud Barzani Passage: Masoud Barzani succeeded his father, the Kurdish nationalist leader Mustafa Barzani, as the leader of the KDP in 1979. Working closely with his brother Idris Barzani until Idris's death, Barzani and various other Kurdish groups fought the forces of the Iraqi government in Baghdad during the Iran–Iraq War. For much of this time, the Kurdish leadership was exiled to Iran. Title: Iran Passage: Other non-governmental estimations regarding the groups other than the Persians and Azerbaijanis roughly congruate with the World Factbook and the Library of Congress. However, many scholarly and organisational estimations regarding the number of these two groups differ significantly from the mentioned census. According to many of them, the number of ethnic Azerbaijanis in Iran comprises between 21.6–30% of the total population, with the majority holding it on 25%.cd In any case, the largest population of Azerbaijanis in the world live in Iran. Title: Near East Passage: The term middle east as a noun and adjective was common in the 19th century in nearly every context except diplomacy and archaeology. An uncountable number of places appear to have had their middle easts from gardens to regions, including the United States. The innovation of the term "Near East" to mean the holdings of the Ottoman Empire as early as the Crimean War had left a geographical gap. The East Indies, or "Far East," derived ultimately from Ptolemy's "India Beyond the Ganges." The Ottoman Empire ended at the eastern border of Iraq. "India This Side of the Ganges" and Iran had been omitted. The archaeologists counted Iran as "the Near East" because Old Persian cuneiform had been found there. This usage did not sit well with the diplomats; India was left in an equivocal state. They needed a regional term. Title: Bertie Felstead Passage: Bertie Felstead (28 October 1894 – 22 July 2001) was a British soldier, World War I veteran and centenarian who gained fame at the end of his life as (or was believed so at the time to be) the last surviving soldier to have taken part in the Christmas truce of 1914. Title: History of the United States Navy Passage: In March 2007, the U.S. Navy reached its smallest fleet size, with 274 ships, since World War I. Since the end of the Cold War, the Navy has shifted its focus from preparations for large - scale war with the Soviet Union to special operations and strike missions in regional conflicts. The Navy participated in the Iraq War and is a major participant in the ongoing War on Terror, largely in this capacity. Development continues on new ships and weapons, including the Gerald R. Ford - class aircraft carrier and the Littoral combat ship. One hundred and three U.S. Navy personnel died in the Iraq War. U.S. Navy warships launched cruise missiles into military targets in Libya during Operation Odyssey Dawn to enforce a UN resolution. Title: Ayesha Gaddafi Passage: In 2010 after sanctions were imposed on Iraq, she arrived in Baghdad with a delegation of 69 officials. Shortly before the invasion of Iraq in 2003, she met with Saddam Hussein. In 2011, she strongly denounced the policies of U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Clinton and U.S. President Barack Obama, calling for a mediation of the Libyan Civil War through an international organization which would exclude them.Ayesha has served as a mediator on behalf of the government with European Union corporations. Title: Renault FT Passage: After the end of World War I, Renault FTs were exported to many countries (Belgium, Brazil, Czechoslovakia, Estonia, Finland, Iran, Japan, Lithuania, the Netherlands, Poland, Romania, Spain, Switzerland, Turkey, and Yugoslavia). Renault FT tanks were used by most nations having armoured forces, generally as their prominent tank type. Title: United Nations Regional Groups Passage: the African Group, with 54 member states the Asia - Pacific Group, with 53 member states the Eastern European Group, with 23 member states the Latin American and Caribbean Group (GRULAC), with 33 member states the Western European and Others Group (WEOG), with 28 member states, plus 1 member state (the United States) as an observer state. Title: Gulf War Passage: The Gulf War (2 August 199028 February 1991), codenamed Operation Desert Shield (2 August 199017 January 1991) for operations leading to the buildup of troops and defense of Saudi Arabia and Operation Desert Storm (17 January 199128 February 1991) in its combat phase, was a war waged by coalition forces from 35 nations led by the United States against Iraq in response to Iraq's invasion and annexation of Kuwait arising from oil pricing and production disputes. The war is also known under other names, such as the Persian Gulf War, First Gulf War, Gulf War I, Kuwait War, First Iraq War or Iraq War, before the term "Iraq War" became identified instead with the post-2003 Iraq War. Title: 2003 invasion of Iraq Passage: The 2003 invasion of Iraq was the first stage of the Iraq War (also called Operation Iraqi Freedom). The invasion phase began on 20 March 2003 and lasted just over one month, including 21 days of major combat operations, in which a combined force of troops from the United States, the United Kingdom, Australia and Poland invaded Iraq. This early stage of the war formally ended on 1 May 2003 when U.S. President George W. Bush declared the ``end of major combat operations '', after which the Coalition Provisional Authority (CPA) was established as the first of several successive transitional governments leading up to the first Iraqi parliamentary election in January 2005. U.S. military forces later remained in Iraq until the withdrawal in 2011.	[ "Girl", "United Nations Regional Groups", "Iran" ]
When did Baird cease showing its programs on the channel of the company Bill Greenslade works for?	June 1932	[]	Title: Janice Baird Passage: Janice Baird (born 10 January 1963) is an American dramatic soprano, best known for her interpretation of Wagner and Strauss. Baird was born in New York City. Title: Temporary foreign worker program in Canada Passage: The Temporary foreign worker program or TFWP is a program of the Government of Canada to allow employers in Canada to hire foreign nationals. When the program started in 1973, most of the workers brought in were high - skill workers such as specialist doctors. In 2002 a ``low - skilled workers ''category was added; this category now makes up most of the temporary foreign workforce. In 2006, the program was expanded and fast - tracking introduced for some locations. It was revised again in 2013, raising wages, charging employer fees, and removing the accelerated applications. Title: The Price Is Right Passage: The Price Is Right is a television game show franchise originally produced by Mark Goodson and Bill Todman, and created by Bob Stewart, and is currently produced and owned by FremantleMedia now Fremantle (Endemol in Netherlands). The franchise centers on television game shows, but also includes merchandise such as video games, printed media and board games. The franchise began in 1956 as a television game show hosted by Bill Cullen and was revamped in 1972. This version was originally hosted by Bob Barker. Since 2007, Drew Carey has hosted the program. Title: BBC Television Passage: Baird Television Ltd. made Britain's first television broadcast, on 30 September 1929 from its studio in Long Acre, London, via the BBC's London transmitter, using the electromechanical system pioneered by John Logie Baird. This system used a vertically-scanned image of 30 lines – just enough resolution for a close-up of one person, and with a bandwidth low enough to use existing radio transmitters. Simultaneous transmission of sound and picture was achieved on 30 March 1930, by using the BBC's new twin transmitter at Brookmans Park. By late 1930, 30 minutes of morning programmes were broadcast Monday to Friday, and 30 minutes at midnight on Tuesdays and Fridays, after BBC radio went off the air. Baird broadcasts via the BBC continued until June 1932. Title: Fishing and Hunting Club Passage: Fishing and Hunting Club was a short lived DuMont Television Network program aired on Fridays at 9pm ET from October 7, 1949 to March 31, 1950. At one point the name of the show changed to Sports for All. The 30-minute program was hosted by Bill Slater. In the program, panelists answered questions about fishing and hunting. Little else is known about the program. Title: Knowbility Passage: In 1999, in addition to hosting another AIR-Austin, Knowbility staff and volunteers developed an Accessible Web Page Design Curriculum that was freely distributed on its web site. By 2000, Knowbility had achieved a national profile: Knowbility was mentioned on an episode of The Oprah Winfrey Show in 2000 dealing with technology issues. On September 21, 2000, the White House issued a press release to highlight programs across the country helping to bridge the digital divide for people with disabilities; the Rocky Mountain AIR program was mentioned by President Bill Clinton as a noteworthy initiative. AIR was one of three programs selected for recognition by the Drucker Foundation in October 2000. That same year, Knowbility received an awarded for Notable Achievement in the public service category of the Texas Interactive Media Awards. Also in 2000, Knowbility Board Chair Steve Guengerich and intern Josh Blakeley were featured guests of a panel discussion in Washington DC. at a National Labor Summit, where AIR activities were highlighted as a "best practice" in contributing to the employment of people with disabilities. Title: Itanong mo kay Soriano Passage: Itanong mo kay Soriano (Tagalog for ""Ask Soriano, the Bible Will Answer"") is a religious radio and television program in the Philippines produced by the Members Church of God International and hosted by Eli Soriano. Unlike its sister program, Ang Dating Daan, the program features a question and answer format in which any visitor in the show can ask Soriano about biblical teachings. In the Philippines, the broadcast of this program takes place right after Ang Dating Daan and it became a separate show in 1993. In the other countries, however, this show is part of the TV program O Caminho Antigo which is also hosted by Soriano. He regularly conducts "Bible Expositions" in specific venues (stadiums, public places, etc.) where the people can ask him personally on biblical issues, the Exposition is then recorded and broadcast as this show. Title: Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program Passage: Although the Food Stamp Program was reauthorized in the 1996 Farm Bill, the 1996 welfare reform made several changes to the program, including: Title: Place the Face Passage: Place the Face is an American game show that aired on CBS and NBC from 1953 to 1955. The series was hosted by Jack Smith, Jack Bailey, and then Bill Cullen. Jack Narz was the announcer. Title: Health insurance in the United States Passage: Finally achieving universal health coverage remained a top priority among Democrats, and passing a health reform bill was one of the Obama Administration's top priorities. The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act was similar to the Nixon and Clinton plans, mandating coverage, penalizing employers who failed to provide it, and creating mechanisms for people to pool risk and buy insurance collectively. Earlier versions of the bill included a publicly run insurer that could compete to cover those without employer sponsored coverage (the so - called public option), but this was ultimately stripped to secure the support of moderates. The bill passed the Senate in December 2009 with all Democrats voting in favor and the House in March 2010 with the support of most Democrats. Not a single Republican voted in favor of it either time. Title: Your First Impression Passage: Your First Impression is a NBC daytime game show which aired from January 2, 1962, to June 26, 1964. A panel of three celebrities tried to guess the identity of mystery guests from clues supplied by the host. Bill Leyden was the MC of the program, with Dennis James as a regular panelist or alternating host. Filmed in Burbank, California, "Your First Impression" was a Monty Hall-Art Stark Production. Hall was the series executive producer. The program aired at Noon Eastern time and followed another quiz program, "Concentration", then hosted by Hugh Downs. Title: Saturday Night Live (season 1) Passage: When the first show aired on October 11, 1975 with George Carlin as its host, it was called NBC's Saturday Night because ABC featured a program at the same time titled Saturday Night Live with Howard Cosell. After ABC cancelled the Cosell program in 1976, the NBC program changed its name to Saturday Night Live on March 26, 1977 (and subsequently picked up Bill Murray from Cosell's show in 1977, as well). Every night, Don Pardo introduced the cast, a job he'd hold for 39 years until his death in 2014. Title: Tuvalu Passage: New Zealand has an annual quota of 75 Tuvaluans granted work permits under the Pacific Access Category, as announced in 2001. The applicants register for the Pacific Access Category (PAC) ballots; the primary criteria is that the principal applicant must have a job offer from a New Zealand employer. Tuvaluans also have access to seasonal employment in the horticulture and viticulture industries in New Zealand under the Recognised Seasonal Employer (RSE) Work Policy introduced in 2007 allowing for employment of up to 5,000 workers from Tuvalu and other Pacific islands. Tuvaluans can participate in the Australian Pacific Seasonal Worker Program, which allows Pacific Islanders to obtain seasonal employment in the Australian agriculture industry, in particular cotton and cane operations; fishing industry, in particular aquaculture; and with accommodation providers in the tourism industry. Title: The Price Is Right Passage: The Price Is Right is a television game show franchise originally produced by Mark Goodson and Bill Todman, and created by Bob Stewart, and is currently produced and owned by FremantleMedia (Endemol in Netherlands). The franchise centers on television game shows, but also includes merchandise such as video games, printed media and board games. The franchise began in 1956 as a television game show hosted by Bill Cullen and was revamped in 1972. This version was originally hosted by Bob Barker. Since 2007, Drew Carey has hosted the program. Title: Television in Australia Passage: The first television broadcast in Australia took place on 30 September 1929 at the Menzies Hotel in Melbourne, using the electro - mechanical Radiovision system. Other transmissions took place in the city over the next few weeks. Also in 1929, the Baird system was used on 3DB, 3UZ and 2UE. Title: Baird High School Passage: Baird High School is a public high school located in Baird, Texas (USA) and classified as a 1A school by the UIL. It is part of the Baird Independent School District located in central Callahan County. In 2015, the school was rated "Met Standard" by the Texas Education Agency. Title: Chris Parker (radio) Passage: Chris "The Bulldog" Parker (born 1964) is an American sports radio personality. He is the co-host of Buffalo's WGR-550's afternoon show from 3:00 until 7:00PM along with Mike Schopp. That program was also simulcast on WROC AM 950 in Rochester until the Summer of 2011. Besides the weekday show, "Schopp and the Bulldog" have also hosted a postgame Buffalo Bills show after every Bills regular season contest from Casino Niagara in Niagara Falls, Ontario, but most recently from WGR's Southwestern Avenue Tailgate stage at Ralph Wilson Stadium, or the studio. The post game show primarily consists of phone calls from fans and recorded press conference clips from key players and coaches. Title: Baird Independent School District Passage: Baird Independent School District is a public school district based in Baird, Texas (USA). In addition to Baird, the district also serves the town of Putnam. The district operates one high school, Baird High School. Title: Bill Greenslade Passage: Bill Greenslade was a BBC Radio presenter. He appeared as a "castaway" on the BBC Radio programme "Desert Island Discs" on 12 Dec 1952. Title: The Bill Jefferson Show Passage: The Bill Jefferson Show is a television program featuring traditional country music and airing on WPXR-TV, the ION network affiliate in Roanoke, Virginia. The program is filmed in Rocky Mount, Virginia, the beginning of the "crooked road" which is an area known for its contribution to traditional American music. The show airs in 39 regions encompassing central and southwest Virginia as well as parts of West Virginia and North Carolina. Notable is the fact that it is reminiscent of the early days of country and western music with cast members dressed in country/western attire and the use of instrumentation such as steel guitar, banjo and fiddle.	[ "BBC Television", "Bill Greenslade" ]
Who fathered Victoria, Crown Princess of the country releasing the band having Bengt Lagerberg?	Carl XVI Gustaf	[ "King Carl XVI Gustaf" ]	Title: Princess Natasha Passage: Princess Natasha is a flash cartoon that was developed by Larry Schwarz for AOL Kids. The episodes were released between 2003 and 2006 and total 44 episodes overall, each running between 6 and 12 minutes apiece. The series follows the title character of Natasha, a princess of the fictional country of Zoravia. She must attend school in the United States, but without divulging that she is a princess or a spy. Title: Queen Victoria Passage: Victoria's father was Prince Edward, Duke of Kent and Strathearn, the fourth son of the reigning King of the United Kingdom, George III. Until 1817, Edward's niece, Princess Charlotte of Wales, was the only legitimate grandchild of George III. Her death in 1817 precipitated a succession crisis that brought pressure on the Duke of Kent and his unmarried brothers to marry and have children. In 1818 he married Princess Victoria of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld, a widowed German princess with two children—Carl (1804–1856) and Feodora (1807–1872)—by her first marriage to the Prince of Leiningen. Her brother Leopold was Princess Charlotte's widower. The Duke and Duchess of Kent's only child, Victoria, was born at 4.15 a.m. on 24 May 1819 at Kensington Palace in London. Title: Princess Ileana of Romania Passage: Princess Ileana of Romania, also known as Mother Alexandra (5 January 1909 – 21 January 1991), was the youngest daughter of King Ferdinand I of Romania and his consort, Queen Marie of Romania. She was a great-granddaughter of Queen Victoria and of Tsar Alexander II. She was born as "Her Royal Highness" Ileana, Princess of Romania, Princess of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen. Title: Charlotte Eckerman Passage: Charlotte Eckerman was the daughter of Bengt Edvard Eckerman, cavalry captain of the Royal Scanian Husars, and the writer Catharina Ahlgren. Her father was the cousin of Carl Fredrik Ekerman, speaker of the burghers in the Swedish parliament, and her mother was at one point the "kammarfru" of the queen, Louisa Ulrika of Prussia. Title: The Cardigans Passage: The Cardigans are a Swedish rock band formed in Jönköping, Sweden, in 1992 by guitarist Peter Svensson, bassist Magnus Sveningsson, drummer Bengt Lagerberg, keyboardist Lars-Olof Johansson and lead singer Nina Persson. The group's line-up has been very stable, the only change being that their post-hiatus shows since 2012 have been with Oskar Humlebo on guitar instead of Svensson. Title: George V Passage: George was born on 3 June 1865, in Marlborough House, London. He was the second son of Albert Edward, Prince of Wales, and Alexandra, Princess of Wales. His father was the eldest son of Queen Victoria and Prince Albert, and his mother was the eldest daughter of King Christian IX and Queen Louise of Denmark. He was baptised at Windsor Castle on 7 July 1865 by the Archbishop of Canterbury, Charles Longley. Title: Mohammed VI of Morocco Passage: Mohammed VI has one brother, Prince Moulay Rachid, and three sisters: Princess Lalla Meryem, Princess Lalla Asma, and Princess Lalla Hasna. The New York Times noted "conflicting reports about whether the new monarch had been married on Friday night, within hours of his father's death [in 1999]... to heed a Moroccan tradition that a King be married before he ascends the throne." A palace official subsequently denied that a marriage had taken place.On 21 March 2002, Mohammed married Salma Bennani (now H.R.H. Princess Lalla Salma) in Rabat. Bennani was granted the personal title of Princess with the title of Her Royal Highness on her marriage. They have two children: Crown Prince Moulay Hassan, who was born on 8 May 2003, and Princess Lalla Khadija, who was born on 28 February 2007.Mohammed's birthday on 21 August is a public holiday, although festivities were cancelled upon the death of his aunt in 2014. Title: Blue Ain't Your Color Passage: ``Blue Ai n't Your Color ''is a song written by Steven Lee Olsen, Hillary Lindsey, and Clint Lagerberg and recorded by New Zealand - born Australian country music singer Keith Urban. It was released on 8 August 2016 as the fourth single from his 2016 album Ripcord. Title: Victoria, Princess Royal Passage: With the death of King Frederick William IV on 2 January 1861, his brother, who had acted as regent since 1858, ascended the throne as King William I. Frederick was then the new crown prince of Prussia but his situation at court did not change much: his father refused to increase his allowance, and Crown Princess Victoria continued to contribute significantly to the family budget with her dowry and allowance. In a letter to the Baron von Stockmar, Prince Albert commented on the situation: Title: Victoria, Crown Princess of Sweden Passage: Victoria, Crown Princess of Sweden, Duchess of Västergötland (Victoria Ingrid Alice Désirée; , born 14 July 1977) is the heir apparent to the Swedish throne, as the eldest child of King Carl XVI Gustaf. If she ascends to the throne as expected, she will be Sweden's fourth queen regnant (after Margaret, Christina and Ulrika Eleonora) and the first since 1720. Title: Blue Ain't Your Color Passage: ``Blue Ai n't Your Color ''is a song recorded by New Zealand - born Australian country music singer Keith Urban and written by Steven Lee Olsen, Hillary Lindsey and Clint Lagerberg. It was released on 8 August 2016 as the fourth single from his ninth studio album, Ripcord, through Hit Red and Capitol Nashville. The song was produced by Dann Huff. Title: Bengt Lagerberg Passage: Bengt Lagerberg (born 5 July 1973), is best known as the drummer in the Swedish rock band The Cardigans. He is currently living in Malmö. Title: Ford Crown Victoria Passage: The Ford Crown Victoria (colloquially called the Crown Vic) is a rear - wheel - drive full - size four - door sedan that was marketed and manufactured by Ford from the 1992 to the 2011 model years over two generations. Discontinued in 2011, the latter - day Crown Victoria began production in 1991 at Ford's St. Thomas Assembly plant in Southwold, Ontario, Canada. Dropping its previous LTD prefix, Ford instead revived a nameplate once used on a two - door version of the Fairlane sold in the North American market for the 1955 model year. Title: Princess Viktoria of Prussia Passage: Princess Viktoria of Prussia (Friederike Amalia Wilhelmine Viktoria) (12 April 1866 – 13 November 1929) was the second daughter of Frederick III, German Emperor and his wife Victoria, Princess Royal, a daughter of Queen Victoria. To the public she was always Princess Viktoria, and in the family she was called "Moretta" or "Young Vicky". Title: Princess Beatrice of the United Kingdom Passage: Princess Beatrice of the United Kingdom, (Beatrice Mary Victoria Feodore; later Princess Henry of Battenberg; 14 April 1857 – 26 October 1944) was the fifth daughter and youngest child of Queen Victoria and Prince Albert. Beatrice was the last of Queen Victoria's children to die, 66 years after the first, her elder sister Alice. Title: Queen Victoria Passage: Victoria was the daughter of Prince Edward, Duke of Kent and Strathearn, the fourth son of King George III. Both the Duke of Kent and King George III died in 1820, and Victoria was raised under close supervision by her German-born mother Princess Victoria of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld. She inherited the throne aged 18, after her father's three elder brothers had all died, leaving no surviving legitimate children. The United Kingdom was already an established constitutional monarchy, in which the sovereign held relatively little direct political power. Privately, Victoria attempted to influence government policy and ministerial appointments; publicly, she became a national icon who was identified with strict standards of personal morality. Title: Princess Margarita of Greece and Denmark Passage: Princess Margarita of Greece and Denmark (; 18 April 1905 – 24 April 1981) was the eldest child and daughter of Prince Andrew of Greece and Denmark and Princess Alice of Battenberg. She was the first great-great-grandchild of Queen Victoria, and the eldest sister of Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh. Title: Bengt Snivil Passage: Arguably, Bengt Snivil was that Bengt or Benedict, who was son of riksjarl Folke the Fat and Ingegerd Knutsdotter of Denmark, daughter of king Canute IV of Denmark. Title: Queen Victoria Passage: Eleven days after Orsini's assassination attempt in France, Victoria's eldest daughter married Prince Frederick William of Prussia in London. They had been betrothed since September 1855, when Princess Victoria was 14 years old; the marriage was delayed by the Queen and Prince Albert until the bride was 17. The Queen and Albert hoped that their daughter and son-in-law would be a liberalising influence in the enlarging Prussian state. Victoria felt "sick at heart" to see her daughter leave England for Germany; "It really makes me shudder", she wrote to Princess Victoria in one of her frequent letters, "when I look round to all your sweet, happy, unconscious sisters, and think I must give them up too – one by one." Almost exactly a year later, Princess Victoria gave birth to the Queen's first grandchild, Wilhelm, who would become the last German Kaiser. Title: Haakon, Crown Prince of Norway Passage: In 2001, Haakon married Mette-Marit Tjessem Høiby with whom he has two children. He has an older sister, Princess Märtha Louise. In accordance with Norway's agnatic primogeniture succession, Haakon became crown prince when his father ascended the throne in 1991.	[ "Victoria, Crown Princess of Sweden", "The Cardigans", "Bengt Lagerberg" ]
What is the largest football stadium in the world, in the country that neighbors the nation where Mapado was made?	The Rungrado 1st of May Stadium, also known as the May Day Stadium	[]	Title: Philippine Sports Stadium Passage: The Philippine Sports Stadium, also known as New Era University (NEU) Stadium, is a football and track stadium at Ciudad de Victoria, a 140-hectare tourism enterprise zone in the towns of Bocaue and Santa Maria in Bulacan, Philippines. The stadium was built right next to the Philippine Arena, the world's largest indoor arena. The stadium is the largest football stadium in the Philippines with a maximum seating capacity of 25,000. Its seating capacity is more than twice the seating capacity of the Rizal Memorial Stadium, the national stadium of the country which has a seating capacity of 12,000. Title: Mapado Passage: "Do" can either mean "province" or "island" in Korean. "Seom" means island in the Korean language as well, although "do" is a Sino-Korean word used in name compound words, but "seom" can stand alone. Filming for "Mapado" did not take place on an island, but in Dongbaek village in Yeonggwang County, South Korea. Title: Kazakhstan Passage: With an area of 2,700,000 square kilometres (1,000,000 sq mi) – equivalent in size to Western Europe – Kazakhstan is the ninth-largest country and largest landlocked country in the world. While it was part of the Soviet Union, Kazakhstan lost some of its territory to China's Xinjiang autonomous region and some to Uzbekistan's Karakalpakstan autonomous republic. Title: Sweden Passage: At 449,964 km2 (173,732 sq mi), Sweden is the 55th-largest country in the world, the 4th-largest country entirely in Europe, and the largest in Northern Europe. The lowest elevation in Sweden is in the bay of Lake Hammarsjön, near Kristianstad, at −2.41 m (−7.91 ft) below sea level. The highest point is Kebnekaise at 2,111 m (6,926 ft) above sea level. Title: Montevideo Passage: Estadio Centenario, the national football stadium in Parque Batlle, was opened in 1930 for the first World Cup, as well as to commemorate the centennial of Uruguay's first constitution. In this World Cup, Uruguay won the title game against Argentina by 4 goals to 2. The stadium has 70,000 seats. It is listed by FIFA as one of the football world's classic stadiums, along with Maracanã, Wembley Stadium, San Siro, Estadio Azteca, and Santiago Bernabéu Stadium. A museum located within the football stadium has exhibits of memorabilia from Uruguay's 1930 and 1950 World Cup championships. Museum tickets give access to the stadium, stands, locker rooms and playing field. Title: Geography of South Korea Passage: South Korea is located in East Asia, on the southern half of the Korean Peninsula jutting out from the far east of the Asian land mass. The only country with a land border to South Korea is North Korea, lying to the north with 238 kilometres (148 mi) of border running along the Korean Demilitarized Zone. South Korea is mostly surrounded by water and has 2,413 kilometres (1,499 mi) of coast line along three seas; to the west is the Yellow Sea (known in Korea as West Sea), to the south is the East China Sea, and to the east is the Sea of Japan (known in Korea as East Sea). Geographically, South Korea's land mass is approximately 100,032 square kilometres (38,623 sq mi). 290 square kilometres (110 sq mi) of South Korea are occupied by water. The approximate coordinates are 37 ° North, 127 ° 30 East. Notable islands include Jeju Island (Jejudo), Ulleung Island (Ulleungdo), and Liancourt Rocks (Dokdo, known in Japan as Takeshima). Title: Stade Louis II (1939) Passage: In 1936, Prince Louis II of Monaco awarded Jean-Baptiste Pastor and his company J.B. Pastor & Fils, the commission to build the country's first football stadium. It was finished in 1939. Title: Likas Stadium Passage: Likas Stadium (Malay: "Stadium Likas") is a stadium in Likas, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia. It is mainly used for association football and athletics and it is located within Likas Sports Complex. Likas Stadium has a capacity of 35,000, making it the 8th largest football stadium in Malaysia in terms of seating capacity. Title: South Africa Passage: South Africa, officially the Republic of South Africa (RSA), is the southernmost country in Africa. It is bounded on the south by 2,798 kilometres (1,739 mi) of coastline of Southern Africa stretching along the South Atlantic and Indian Oceans; on the north by the neighbouring countries of Namibia, Botswana, and Zimbabwe; and on the east and northeast by Mozambique and Swaziland; and surrounds the kingdom of Lesotho. South Africa is the largest country in Southern Africa and the 25th - largest country in the world by land area and, with close to 56 million people, is the world's 24th-most populous nation. It is the southernmost country on the mainland of the Old World or the Eastern Hemisphere. About 80 percent of South Africans are of Sub-Saharan African ancestry, divided among a variety of ethnic groups speaking different African languages, nine of which have official status. The remaining population consists of Africa's largest communities of African (black), European (white), Asian (Indian), and multiracial (coloured) ancestry. Title: O'Higgins Braden Passage: The Stadium of O'Higgins Braden was the World Cup Stadium Estadio El Teniente. The stadium is a multi-purpose stadium in Rancagua, Chile. It is currently used mostly for football matches. The stadium holds 14,450 people and was built in 1945. The stadium hosted several matches of the FIFA World Cup in 1962. Title: Economy of Texas Passage: As a sovereign country (2016), Texas would be the 10th largest economy in the world by GDP (ahead of South Korea and Canada). Texas's household income was $48,259 in 2010 ranking 25th in the nation. The state debt in 2012 was calculated to be $121.7 billion, or $7,400 per taxpayer. Texas has the second largest population in the country after California. Title: Rand Stadium Passage: The Rand Stadium is a stadium in Rosettenville, a suburb of Johannesburg, South Africa. It was set to be utilized as a training field for teams participating in the 2010 FIFA World Cup after being completely rebuilt and reopened in August 2008. Despite the relatively small capacity, it is regarded as one of the best playing surfaces in the country. Title: 2018 FIFA World Cup Passage: The 2018 FIFA World Cup will be the 21st FIFA World Cup, a quadrennial international football tournament contested by the men's national teams of the member associations of FIFA. It is scheduled to take place in Russia from 14 June to 15 July 2018, after the country was awarded the hosting rights on 2 December 2010. This will be the first World Cup held in Europe since the 2006 tournament in Germany; all but one of the stadium venues are in European Russia, west of the Ural Mountains to keep travel time manageable. Title: Islam by country Passage: The country with the single largest population of Muslims is Indonesia in Southeast Asia, which on its own hosts 13% of the world's Muslims. Together, the Muslims in the countries of the Malay Archipelago (which includes Brunei, Singapore, Malaysia, Indonesia, the Philippines and East Timor) constitute the world's second or third largest population of Muslims. Here Muslims are majorities in each country other than Singapore, the Philippines, and East Timor. Title: Sheikh Jamal Dhanmondi Club Passage: Lt. Sheikh Jamal Dhanmondi Club plays all its matches at the Bangabandhu National Stadium which is in the Motijheel area in the heart of the city. The stadium had a capacity of close to 55,000 before the work of renovation, making it then the largest stadium of the country. After the renovation, it still remains the largest stadium of the country. Title: Libya Passage: Libya (; ; ), officially the State of Libya, is a country in the Maghreb region in North Africa, bordered by the Mediterranean Sea to the north, Egypt to the east, Sudan to the southeast, Chad to the south, Niger to the southwest, Algeria to the west, and Tunisia to the northwest. The sovereign state is made of three historical regions: Tripolitania, Fezzan and Cyrenaica. With an area of almost , Libya is the fourth largest country in Africa, and is the 16th largest country in the world. Libya has the 10th-largest proven oil reserves of any country in the world. The largest city and capital, Tripoli, is located in western Libya and contains over one million of Libya's six million people. The second-largest city is Benghazi, which is located in eastern Libya. Title: South Africa Passage: South Africa, officially the Republic of South Africa (RSA), is the southernmost country in Africa. It is bounded to the south by 2,798 kilometres (1,739 mi) of coastline of Southern Africa stretching along the South Atlantic and Indian Oceans; to the north by the neighbouring countries of Namibia, Botswana, and Zimbabwe; and to the east and northeast by Mozambique and Swaziland (Eswatini); and it surrounds the kingdom of Lesotho. South Africa is the largest country in Southern Africa and the 25th - largest country in the world by land area and, with close to 56 million people, is the world's 24th-most populous nation. It is the southernmost country on the mainland of the Old World or the Eastern Hemisphere. About 80 percent of South Africans are of Sub-Saharan African ancestry, divided among a variety of ethnic groups speaking different African languages, nine of which have official status. The remaining population consists of Africa's largest communities of European (white), Asian (Indian), and multiracial (Coloured) ancestry. Title: Rungrado 1st of May Stadium Passage: The Rungrado 1st of May Stadium, also known as the May Day Stadium, is a multi-purpose stadium in Pyongyang, North Korea, completed on 1 May 1989. It is the largest stadium in the world, with a total capacity of 114,000. The site occupies an area of 20.7 hectares (51 acres). Title: 2026 FIFA World Cup Passage: The 2026 FIFA World Cup (; ) will be the 23rd FIFA World Cup, the quadrennial international men's football championship contested by the national teams of the member associations of FIFA. The tournament will be jointly hosted by 16 cities in three North American countries; 60 matches, including the quarterfinals, semi-finals, and the final, will be hosted by the United States while neighboring Canada and Mexico will each host 10 matches. The tournament will be the first hosted by three nations. Title: Mandala Stadium Passage: Mandala Stadium is a multi-purpose stadium in Jayapura, Papua Province, Indonesia. It is currently used mostly for football matches. It is the home stadium of Persipura Jayapura. The stadium holds 17,405 people and is the largest stadium in eastern Indonesia. This stadium is located in the V Dock area near the centre of Jayapura along the beautiful Humboldt Bay.	[ "Mapado", "Geography of South Korea", "Rungrado 1st of May Stadium" ]
What is the first civic chartered company in the state where the town that WPOS-FM is licensed in located?	Ann Arbor Civic Ballet	[ "Ann Arbor, Michigan", "Ann Arbor" ]	Title: Tatra County Passage: Tatra County () is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Lesser Poland Voivodeship, southern Poland, on the Slovak border. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and only town is Zakopane, which lies south of the regional capital Kraków. The county takes its name from the Tatra mountain range, which covers most of its territory. Title: Colorado Territory Passage: Colorado Territory was officially organized by Act of Congress on February 28, 1861, out of lands previously part of the Kansas, Nebraska, Utah, and New Mexico territories. Technically the territory was open to slavery under the Dred Scott Decision of 1857, but the question was rendered moot by the impending American Civil War and the majority pro-Union sentiment in the territory. The name "Colorado" was chosen for the territory. It had been previously suggested in 1850 by Senator Henry S. Foote as a name for a state to have been created out of present-day California south of 35° 45'. To the dismay of Denverites, the town of Colorado City was designated the first territorial capital, quickly succeeded by Golden. Denver eventually became the temporary territorial capital, but was not designated the permanent capital until 1881, five years after Colorado became a state. Title: Gmina Lubawa Passage: Gmina Lubawa is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Iława County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It takes its name from the town of Lubawa, although the town is not part of the territory of the gmina. The administrative seat of the gmina is the village of Fijewo, which lies close to Lubawa. Title: Bani Walid District Passage: Bani Walid or Ben Walid, prior to 2007, was one of the districts of Libya, administrative town Bani Walid. In the 2007 administrative reorganization the territory formerly in Bani Walid District was transferred to Misrata District. Title: Territory of Papua Passage: In 1949, the Territory and the Territory of New Guinea were established in an administrative union by the name of the Territory of Papua and New Guinea. That administrative union was renamed as Papua New Guinea in 1971. Notwithstanding that it was part of an administrative union, the Territory of Papua at all times retained a distinct legal status and identity; it was a Possession of the Crown whereas the Territory of New Guinea was initially a League of Nations mandate territory and subsequently a United Nations trust territory. This important legal and political distinction remained until the advent of the Independent State of Papua New Guinea in 1975. Title: Gmina Ozorków Passage: Gmina Ozorków is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Zgierz County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. Its seat is the town of Ozorków, although the town is not part of the territory of the gmina. Title: Gmina Lipno, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship Passage: Gmina Lipno is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Lipno County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Lipno, although the town is not part of the territory of the gmina. Title: East India Company Passage: In the next two years, the company established its first factory in south India in the town of Machilipatnam on the Coromandel Coast of the Bay of Bengal. The high profits reported by the company after landing in India initially prompted King James I to grant subsidiary licences to other trading companies in England. But in 1609 he renewed the charter given to the company for an indefinite period, including a clause that specified that the charter would cease to be in force if the trade turned unprofitable for three consecutive years. Title: Gmina Kwidzyn Passage: Gmina Kwidzyn is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Kwidzyn County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. Its seat is the town of Kwidzyn, although the town is not part of the territory of the gmina. Title: Marzuki (band) Passage: Marzuki was an indie folk rock band from Holland, Michigan, with a significant fan base in western Michigan in the mid to late 1990s. They were especially popular among Hope College, Calvin College, and Grand Valley State University students. Marzuki's members included Shannon Stephens on vocals and guitar, Jamie Kempkers on cello, Matthew Haseltine (brother of Jars of Clay's Dan Haseltine) on guitar and bass, and Sufjan Stevens on guitar, percussion, and the more exotic instruments (especially the recorder). Their lyrics often explored spiritual or romantic themes. Title: Bogotá Passage: Bogotá (/ ˈboʊɡətɑː /, / ˌbɒɡəˈtɑː /, / ˌboʊ - /; Spanish pronunciation: (boɣoˈta) (listen)), officially Bogotá, Distrito Capital, abbreviated Bogotá, D.C., and formerly known as Santafé de Bogotá between 1991 and 2000, is the capital and largest city of Colombia, administered as the Capital District, although often thought of as part of Cundinamarca. Bogotá is a territorial entity of the first order, with the same administrative status as the departments of Colombia. It is the political, economic, administrative, industrial, artistic, cultural, and sports center of the country. Title: Marussia Motors Passage: In April 2014, the Marussia Motors company was disbanded, with staff leaving to join a government-run technical institute. The Marussia F1 team continued unaffected as a British entity, independent of the Russian car company. However, on 7 November 2014 the administrator announced that the F1 team had ceased trading. Title: Gmina Bełchatów Passage: Gmina Bełchatów is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Bełchatów County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. Its seat is the town of Bełchatów, although the town is not part of the territory of the gmina. Title: Ann Arbor, Michigan Passage: Several performing arts groups and facilities are on the University of Michigan's campus, as are museums dedicated to art, archaeology, and natural history and sciences. Founded in 1879, the University Musical Society is an independent performing arts organization that presents over 60 events each year, bringing international artists in music, dance, and theater. Since 2001 Shakespeare in the Arb has presented one play by Shakespeare each June, in a large park near downtown. Regional and local performing arts groups not associated with the university include the Ann Arbor Civic Theatre, the Arbor Opera Theater, the Ann Arbor Symphony Orchestra, the Ann Arbor Ballet Theater, the Ann Arbor Civic Ballet (established in 1954 as Michigan's first chartered ballet company), The Ark, and Performance Network Theatre. Another unique piece of artistic expression in Ann Arbor is the fairy doors. These small portals are examples of installation art and can be found throughout the downtown area. Title: Gmina Suwałki Passage: Gmina Suwałki is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Suwałki County, Podlaskie Voivodeship, in north-eastern Poland. Its seat is the town of Suwałki, although the town is not part of the territory of the gmina. Title: WGOT-LP Passage: WGOT-LP (100.1 FM) is a low power FM radio station that broadcasts from Gainesville, Florida, United States. WGOT-LP is operated as a community radio station by the Civic Media Center, a non-profit library in Gainesville. Title: Audit in India Passage: Statutory audit refers to the audit based on the laws applicable on the entity for the time being in force. It is governed by the Indian Accounting Standards (Ind - AS) issued by Institute of Chartered Accountants of India from time to time. A Chartered accountant holding a certificate of practice in India is qualified to be a statutory auditor of an entity. It is mandatory for a company in India to get the Statutory Audit of its financial statements done according to the provisions of Companies Act 2013. Title: WPOS-FM Passage: WPOS-FM (102.3 FM) is a 501(c)3 non-profit listener-supported & commercial radio station broadcasting Contemporary Christian music and a teaching programs format. WPOS-FM is licensed to Holland, Ohio, United States, and is currently owned by The Maumee Valley Broadcasting Association. Title: Gmina Jordanów Passage: Gmina Jordanów is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Sucha County, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, in southern Poland. Its seat is the town of Jordanów, although the town is not part of the territory of the gmina. Title: Republic of Užice Passage: The Republic of Užice ( / ) was a short-lived liberated Yugoslav territory and the first liberated territory in World War II Europe, organized as a military mini-state that existed in the autumn of 1941 in occupied Yugoslavia, more specifically the western part of the Territory of the Military Commander in Serbia. The Republic was established by the Partisan resistance movement and its administrative center was in the town of Užice.	[ "Marzuki (band)", "WPOS-FM", "Ann Arbor, Michigan" ]
When did WWII end in the country where the screenwriter of Il pranzo della domenica was a citizen?	July 1943	[]	Title: Volvo PV51 Passage: The Volvo PV51 is an automobile introduced by Volvo in December 1936. It was replaced by the mildly restyled PV53 in 1938. This car remained in production until the end of the Second World War. Title: Westminster Abbey Passage: At the east end of the Lady Chapel is a memorial chapel to the airmen of the RAF who were killed in the Second World War. It incorporates a memorial window to the Battle of Britain, which replaces an earlier Tudor stained glass window destroyed in the war. Title: Greece Passage: At the end of the Balkan Wars, the extent of Greece's territory and population had increased. In the following years, the struggle between King Constantine I and charismatic Prime Minister Eleftherios Venizelos over the country's foreign policy on the eve of World War I dominated the country's political scene, and divided the country into two opposing groups. During parts of the First World War, Greece had two governments; a royalist pro-German government in Athens and a Venizelist pro-Britain one in Thessaloniki. The two governments were united in 1917, when Greece officially entered the war on the side of the Triple Entente. Title: Battle of France Passage: The Battle of France, also known as the Fall of France, was the German invasion of France and the Low Countries during the Second World War. In six weeks from 10 May 1940, German forces defeated Allied forces by mobile operations and conquered France, Belgium, Luxembourg and the Netherlands, bringing land operations on the Western Front to an end until 6 June 1944. Italy entered the war on 10 June 1940 and attempted an invasion of France. Title: Time for Loving Passage: Time for Loving (released in Italy as Sapore di mare) is a 1983 Italian comedy film directed by Carlo Vanzina. It obtained a great commercial success and launched a short-living subgenre of revival-nostalgic comedy films. It also generated a sequel, "Sapore di mare 2 - Un anno dopo". For her performance in this film Virna Lisi won a David di Donatello for Best Supporting Actress and a Silver Ribbon in the same category. Title: Myanmar Passage: The Rohingya people have consistently faced human rights abuses by the Burmese regime that has refused to acknowledge them as Burmese citizens (despite some of them having lived in Burma for over three generations)—the Rohingya have been denied Burmese citizenship since the enactment of a 1982 citizenship law. The law created three categories of citizenship: citizenship, associate citizenship, and naturalised citizenship. Citizenship is given to those who belong to one of the national races such as Kachin, Kayah (Karenni), Karen, Chin, Burman, Mon, Rakhine, Shan, Kaman, or Zerbadee. Associate citizenship is given to those who cannot prove their ancestors settled in Myanmar before 1823, but can prove they have one grandparent, or pre-1823 ancestor, who was a citizen of another country, as well as people who applied for citizenship in 1948 and qualified then by those laws. Naturalized citizenship is only given to those who have at least one parent with one of these types of Burmese citizenship or can provide "conclusive evidence" that their parents entered and resided in Burma prior to independence in 1948. The Burmese regime has attempted to forcibly expel Rohingya and bring in non-Rohingyas to replace them—this policy has resulted in the expulsion of approximately half of the 800,000 Rohingya from Burma, while the Rohingya people have been described as "among the world's least wanted" and "one of the world's most persecuted minorities." But the origin of ‘most persecuted minority’ statement is unclear. Title: Il pranzo della domenica Passage: Il pranzo della domenica ("Sunday Lunch") is a 2003 Italian comedy film directed by Carlo Vanzina. For her performance Giovanna Ralli was nominated for Nastro d'Argento for Best Supporting Actress, while Rocco Papaleo and Maurizio Mattioli were both nominated for Nastro d'Argento for Best Supporting Actor. Title: Military history of Italy during World War II Passage: However Italy's conquests were always heavily contested, both by various insurgencies (most prominently the Greek resistance and Yugoslav partisans) and Allied military forces, which waged the Battle of the Mediterranean throughout and beyond Italy's participation. Ultimately the Italian empire collapsed after disastrous defeats in the Eastern European and North African campaigns. In July 1943, following the Allied invasion of Sicily, Benito Mussolini was arrested by order of King Victor Emmanuel III, provoking a civil war. Italy's military outside of the peninsula itself collapsed, its occupied and annexed territories falling under German control. Italy surrendered to the Allies at the end of the Italian Campaign. Title: Il corpo della ragassa Passage: Il corpo della ragassa is a 1979 commedia sexy all'italiana film directed by Pasquale Festa Campanile. It is based on the 1969 novel with the same name by Gianni Brera. Title: Orzowei Passage: Orzowei is a 1955 novel by Italian writer Alberto Manzi. It is an anti-racist educational story set in Southern Africa. Adaptations of the novel include a movie ("Orzowei, il figlio della savana", 1976) and a popular TV series (1977). Title: Reconstruction era Passage: The Reconstruction era was the period from 1863 to 1877 in American history. The term has two applications: the first applies to the complete history of the entire country from 1865 to 1877 following the American Civil War; the second, to the attempted transformation of the 11 ex-Confederate states from 1863 to 1877, as directed by Congress. Reconstruction ended the remnants of Confederate nationalism and ended slavery, making the newly free slaves citizens with civil rights apparently guaranteed by three new Constitutional amendments. Three visions of Civil War memory appeared during Reconstruction: the reconciliationist vision, which was rooted in coping with the death and devastation the war had brought; the white supremacist vision, which included terror and violence; and the emancipationist vision, which sought full freedom, citizenship, and Constitutional equality for African Americans. Title: British Army during the Second World War Passage: The pre-war British Army was trained and equipped to be a small, mechanised, professional army. Its main function was to garrison the British Empire. It became evident early in the war that its initial structure and manpower was woefully unprepared and ill - equipped for a war with multiple enemies on multiple fronts. The British Army, an all - volunteer force until 1939, was small in comparison to its enemies at the start of the Second World War in 1939, as it had been in the First World War. By the end of the Second World War, however, over 3.5 million men had served in the British Army. Title: Georg Henke Passage: Georg Henke (born Berlin 9 April 1908: died 8 December 1986) was a German Communist who involved himself in political resistance during the Nazi years, and spent most of the Second World War exiled in Sweden. He also worked as a journalist. After the war he became an East German diplomat, ending up, between 1968 and 1972, as his country's ambassador to North Korea. Title: Remember the End Passage: Remember the End is the second novel by the American writer Agnes Sligh Turnbull (1888–1982) and it is set in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania from the 1890s to World War I. Title: Puerto Rico Passage: In 1917, the U.S. Congress passed the Jones -- Shafroth Act, popularly called the Jones Act, which granted Puerto Ricans, born on or after, April 25, 1898, U.S. citizenship. Opponents, which included all of the Puerto Rican House of Delegates, who voted unanimously against it, said that the U.S. imposed citizenship in order to draft Puerto Rican men into the army as American entry into World War I became likely. Title: Edoardo Anton Passage: Born in Rome as Edoardo Antonelli, Anton was the son of the playwright and journalist Luigi Antonelli. He entered the cinema industry in mid-thirties and soon became a prolific screenwriter specialized in comedy films. His work as filmmaker is marginal, mainly confined to the co-direction of a few international co-productions; the only work entirely attributable to him is "Il lupo della frontiera". Title: Burak Aksak Passage: Burak Aksak (born September 12, 1985 in Istanbul, Turkey) is a Turkish screenwriter, director and actor. He is best known for writing "Leyla ile Mecnun". Title: Giuseppe Berto Passage: Giuseppe Berto (27 December 1914 – 1 November 1978) was an Italian writer and screenwriter. He is mostly known for his novels "Il cielo è rosso" ("The Sky Is Red") and "Il male oscuro". Title: HMCS Glace Bay (K414) Passage: HMCS "Glace Bay" was a built for the Royal Canadian Navy (RCN) in 1943. Commissioned in 1944 she served in the Battle of the Atlantic until the end of the Second World War. After the war she was sold to the Chilean Navy and renamed "Esmeralda". Title: Ticino League Passage: In 1991, after some public campaigning in the Sunday journal "Mattino della Domenica" against political power and use of public money, the editor Giuliano Bignasca and the director Flavio Maspoli founded the Ticino League to continue the fight at the political level. Bignasca (1945–2013) was the League's "president for life".	[ "Il pranzo della domenica", "Time for Loving", "Military history of Italy during World War II" ]
Who is the General Treasurer of Providence Plantations and the state where Butterfly Pond is located?	Seth Magaziner	[]	Title: Florewood State Park Passage: Florewood State Park, also known as Florewood River Plantation State Park, is a closed public recreation area in the U.S. state of Mississippi. The state park is located off U.S. Highway 82 on the western edge of Greenwood. Title: Still Pond Historic District Passage: Still Pond Historic District is a national historic district located at Still Pond in Kent County, Maryland, United States. The district contains approximately 75 buildings dating from the early 19th century through the 1930s. Notable structures include the Still Pond Methodist Church, the George Harper Store, the Medders-Krebs House, a former Odd Fellows Hall, and a former schoolhouse. Title: Centerton, Salem County, New Jersey Passage: Centerton is an unincorporated community located within Pittsgrove Township, in Salem County, New Jersey, United States. County Route 540 is a major road that travels through Centerton and passes Centerton Pond. Route 55 provides access to Centerton, via exit 45 (County Route 553 – Clayton, Glassboro). Centerton is approximately west of Vineland in Cumberland County. Title: Fresh Ponds, New Jersey Passage: Fresh Ponds is an unincorporated community located within South Brunswick Township in Middlesex County, New Jersey, United States. It is located in a rural portion of the township at the intersection of Fresh Ponds Road and Davidson Mill Road. Forest land, farms, homes, and a church are located around the settlement. Title: Wingello State Forest Passage: Wingello State Forest is a planted forest in the Australian state of New South Wales. It is located in the Southern Highlands between Sydney and Goulburn. The forest is owned by the New South Wales Government and includes pine plantations, hardwood forest and native forests with stands of peppermint, manna gum and stringybarks. It is popular with mountain bike riders. The first radiata pines were planted in this area in Belanglo State Forest in 1919. Today there are around 3,500 hectares of commercial pine plantations in the southern highlands with timber being processed at a local mill. Title: Ayr Mount Passage: Ayr Mount is a Federal style plantation house located east of Hillsborough, in Orange County, North Carolina, the United States of America. Title: Christian Swartz Passage: Christian Swartz (June 15, 1846 – 1932) was a two-term mayor of South Norwalk, Connecticut, United States in 1880, and 1882. He was treasurer and general manager of The Old Well Cigar Company, of South Norwalk, and a Sheriff of Fairfield County. Title: Wetherell Pond Passage: Wetherell Pond is a lake in Hartford County, Connecticut, United States. It is just north of Interstate 84, located in a small wetland area not categorized by the National Wetlands Inventory. Title: Bloyer Field Passage: Bloyer Field is a city owned public use airport located one nautical mile (2 km) east of the central business district of Tomah, a city in Monroe County, Wisconsin, United States. It provides general aviation service. Title: William Samuel Furneaux Passage: William Samuel Furneaux (2 June 1855, Devonport – 1940) was a British science teacher and nature writer. Furneaux gained considerable fame in the 1890s and early twentieth century for his popular books on butterflies, moths, pond animals, and plants from the English countryside. Title: Forlidas Pond Passage: Forlidas Pond is a round frozen pond, in diameter, lying in a morainal valley east of the north end of Forlidas Ridge, Dufek Massif, Queen Elizabeth Land, Antarctica. The only pond in the northern Pensacola Mountains, it is of much interest to biologists. The pond was discovered and briefly investigated in December 1957 by a United States – International Geophysical Year party from Ellsworth Station. The name is in association with Forlidas Ridge and was suggested by Arthur B. Ford of the United States Geological Survey following geological work in the area, 1978–79. Title: Staples Pond Passage: Staples Pond is located in the town of Temple, Maine, in the United States. Some locals prefer to call it "Santa Claus Lake", because of its appearance from the air. Water from Staples Pond flows via Temple Stream to the Sandy River in Farmington, and thence to the Kennebec River. Title: Wood between the Worlds Passage: The Wood between the Worlds is a pond-filled forest in "The Magician's Nephew" (1955), the sixth book in "The Chronicles of Narnia" by C. S. Lewis. Each pond is a portal that provides instant transportation to a different world, such as Earth, Narnia or Charn. Title: 1863 New York state election Passage: The 1863 New York state election was held on November 3, 1863, to elect the Secretary of State, the State Comptroller, the Attorney General, the State Treasurer, the State Engineer, a Judge of the New York Court of Appeals, a Canal Commissioner and an Inspector of State Prisons, as well as all members of the New York State Assembly and the New York State Senate. Title: Harrisville Pond Passage: Harrisville Pond is a water body located in Cheshire County in southwestern New Hampshire, United States, in the town of Harrisville. It is one of many lakes and ponds along Nubanusit Brook, a tributary of the Contoocook River. Water from Nubanusit Lake flows via the Great Meadows into the pond on the north side and out of the pond at two dams on the south side. One dam allows the level of the pond to be raised or lowered and also adjusts the flow through the mills that span that part of the outlet, while the other dam is made of large stones and sandbags. The village of Harrisville is located at the outlet of the pond. Title: 1889 New York state election Passage: The 1889 New York state election was held on November 5, 1889, to elect the Secretary of State, the State Comptroller, the Attorney General, the State Treasurer, the State Engineer and a judge of the New York Court of Appeals, as well as all members of the New York State Assembly and the New York State Senate. Title: Butterfly Pond Passage: Butterfly Pond, also known as Aldrich Brook, is a body of water in the town of Lincoln, in Providence County, Rhode Island. Title: Arignar Anna Zoological Park Passage: The butterfly house, constructed at a cost of ₹6 million, has more than 25 host plants and landscaped habitats, such as bushes, lianas, streams, waterfall and rock - gardens, that attract many species of butterflies such as the common Mormon, crimson rose, mottled emigrant, blue tiger, evening brown and lime butterfly. A network of ponds interconnected by streams maintains humidity in the area. The park covers an area of 5 acres. The butterfly garden with an insect museum at the entrance is set up by the Tamil Nadu Agricultural University (TNAU), Coimbatore. The insect museum has been planned with an exhibit area comprising insect exhibits representing the most common Indian species of all orders of insects both in the form of preserved specimens and in the form of photographs. Title: Seth Magaziner Passage: Seth Magaziner (born July 22, 1983) is an American investment professional and the current General Treasurer of the State of Rhode Island. Title: Annaberg Historic District Passage: Annaberg Historic District is a historic section of Saint John, United States Virgin Islands where the Annaberg sugar plantation ruins are located. The district is located on the north shore of the island west of Mary's Point in the Maho Bay quarter.	[ "Seth Magaziner", "Butterfly Pond" ]
What series is the 7, manufactured by the company that produced the AMR 35, a part of?	supermini	[ "Supermini" ]	Title: PDP-7 Passage: The PDP-7 was a minicomputer produced by Digital Equipment Corporation as part of the PDP series. Introduced in 1964, shipped since 1965, it was the first to use their Flip-Chip technology. With a cost of , it was cheap but powerful by the standards of the time. The PDP-7 is the third of Digital's 18-bit machines, with essentially the same instruction set architecture as the PDP-4 and the PDP-9. Title: Carter Twin-Engine Passage: The Carter Twin-Engine was an American automobile manufactured between 1907 and 1908. Predecessor to the Washington, it featured two separate 35 hp internal combustion power units. Title: Amr ibn al-Layth Passage: Amr ibn al-Layth or Amr-i Laith Saffari () was the second ruler of the Saffarid dynasty of Iran from 879 to 901. He was the son of a whitesmith and the younger brother of the dynasty's founder, Ya'qub ibn al-Layth al-Saffar. Title: Strictly Come Dancing (series 8) Passage: Couple Place 1 + 2 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Kara & Artem 30 32 62 31 32 37 36 38 35 34 38 39 + 5 + 39 = 83 39 + 36 + 38 + 37 = 150 Matt & Aliona 31 31 62 31 35 34 35 35 38 33 35 28 + 4 + 38 = 70 38 + 34 + 35 + 37 = 144 Pamela & James 31 32 63 35 34 27 33 32 37 38 40 35 + 3 + 40 = 78 40 + 37 = 77 Scott & Natalie 29 32 61 34 35 39 28 39 32 31 35 33 + 2 + 35 = 70 Gavin & Katya 5 28 19 47 22 23 26 29 33 27 22 33 27 + 1 + 31 = 59 Ann & Anton 6 17 12 29 18 21 16 17 20 13 14 14 Patsy & Robin 7 22 28 50 24 28 31 29 32 28 30 Felicity & Vincent 8 23 25 48 29 29 26 29 26 30 Michelle & Brendan 9 24 26 50 24 27 29 30 24 Jimi & Flavia 10 26 30 56 25 27 30 32 Tina & Jared 11 24 26 50 -- 29 28 Peter & Erin 12 21 17 38 26 17 Paul & Ola 13 16 21 37 16 Goldie & Kristina 14 20 26 46 Title: Television Parts Passage: Michael Nesmith in Television Parts is a summer TV series run by NBC in 1985. It was a 30-minute comedy-variety series created by Michael Nesmith as a continuation of his Grammy Award-winning video production "Elephant Parts", and earlier series PopClips. The first episode was a stand-alone television special which aired on March 7, 1985. The following series premiered on June 14, 1985. Title: Lahti L-35 Passage: The Lahti L-35 is a semi-automatic pistol designed by Aimo Lahti that was produced between 1935 and 1952. Designed to be manufactured autonomously in Finland, the pistol was used by Finland throughout the Winter War and Continuation War. Considered to be of high quality, the Lahti was well manufactured and worked reliably in cold conditions or when fouled. The use of a bolt accelerator, an uncommon feature in a pistol, helped make the Lahti reliable. Title: Nikon Coolpix S1000pj Passage: The Nikon Coolpix S1000pj is a compact digital camera manufactured by Nikon released in September 2009 as part of the Nikon Coolpix series. The S1000pj is the world's first compact camera to feature a built-in projector. Title: Cowboys–Packers rivalry Passage: Dallas Cowboys -- Green Bay Packers Dallas Cowboys Green Bay Packers First meeting November 6, 1960 Packers 41 Cowboys 7 Latest meeting October 8th, 2017 Packers 35, Cowboys 31 Next meeting TBD Statistics Meetings total 35 meetings All - time series GB: leads 19 - 17 Regular season series GB: leads 15 -- 13 Postseason results Tied 4 -- 4 January 1, 1967: GB 34, DAL 27 December 31, 1967: GB 21, DAL 17 January 16, 1983: DAL 37, GB 26 January 16, 1994: DAL 27, GB 17 January 8, 1995: DAL 35, GB 9 January 14, 1996: DAL 38, GB 27 January 11, 2015: GB 26, DAL 21 January 15, 2017: GB 34, DAL 31 Largest victory GB: 45 -- 7 (2010) Smallest victory GB: 19 -- 17 (1975) Longest win streak DAL: W8 (1991 -- 1996) Current win streak GB: W2 (2016 --) Title: Brett Moffitt Passage: Brett Moffitt (born August 7, 1992) is an American professional stock car racing driver who currently competes full-time in the NASCAR Gander Outdoors Truck Series, driving the No. 24 Chevrolet Silverado for GMS Racing, and part-time in the NASCAR Xfinity Series, driving the No. 8 Chevrolet Camaro for JR Motorsports. He won Rookie of the Year Honors in 2015 in the Cup Series, and won the 2018 NASCAR Camping World Truck Series Championship. Title: Hexe Passage: The Hexe was a German automobile manufactured in Hamburg from 1905 until 1907. Patterned on the Nagant, fours of 18/20 hp, 24/30 hp, and 40/45 hp were available, as was a 35/40 hp six. Title: AMR 35 Passage: The Automitrailleuse de Reconnaissance Renault Modèle 35 Type ZT (AMR 35 or Renault ZT) was a French light tank developed during the Interbellum and used in the Second World War. It was not intended to reconnoitre and report as its name suggests but was a light armoured combat vehicle, mostly without a radio and used as a support tank for the mechanised infantry. Title: Paper Passage: Worldwide consumption of paper has risen by 400% in the past 40 years leading to increase in deforestation, with 35% of harvested trees being used for paper manufacture. Most paper companies also plant trees to help regrow forests. Logging of old growth forests accounts for less than 10% of wood pulp, but is one of the most controversial issues. Title: GSM Passage: GSM has used a variety of voice codecs to squeeze 3.1 kHz audio into between 7 and 13 kbit/s. Originally, two codecs, named after the types of data channel they were allocated, were used, called Half Rate (6.5 kbit/s) and Full Rate (13 kbit/s). These used a system based on linear predictive coding (LPC). In addition to being efficient with bitrates, these codecs also made it easier to identify more important parts of the audio, allowing the air interface layer to prioritize and better protect these parts of the signal. GSM was further enhanced in 1997 with the enhanced full rate (EFR) codec, a 12.2 kbit/s codec that uses a full-rate channel. Finally, with the development of UMTS, EFR was refactored into a variable-rate codec called AMR-Narrowband, which is high quality and robust against interference when used on full-rate channels, or less robust but still relatively high quality when used in good radio conditions on half-rate channel. Title: Jean Darcet Passage: Jean d'Arcet or Jean Darcet (7 September 1724 – 12 February 1801) was a French chemist, and director of the porcelain works at Sèvres. He was one of the first to manufacture porcelain in France. Title: I Am Anne Frank (American Horror Story) Passage: "I Am Anne Frank" is a two-part episode, consisting of the fourth and fifth episodes of the of the FX anthology television series "American Horror Story". The first part aired on November 7, 2012, and the second aired on November 14, 2012. The first part is written by Jessica Sharzer and directed by Michael Uppendahl, and the second part is written by Brad Falchuk and directed by Alfonso Gomez-Rejon. Both episodes are rated TV-MA (LSV). Title: Yar Kandi Passage: Yar Kandi (, also Romanized as Yār Kandī) is a village in Ijrud-e Bala Rural District, in the Central District of Ijrud County, Zanjan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 35, in 7 families. Title: Renault 7 Passage: The Renault 7 (or "R7") is a 4-door saloon version of the Renault 5 supermini, produced and sold in Spain by Renault's subsidiary, FASA-Renault from 1974 to 1984. Title: Volvo TR670 Series Passage: The Volvo TR670 Series was a taxicab manufactured by Volvo between 1930 and 1937. The model name stands for TRafikvagn ("taxicab"), 6 cylinders, 7 seats; the third digit indicates the version. Title: Kahr PM series Passage: The Kahr PM series (Polymer Micro) is a series of double action only (DAO) hammerless, striker-fired, short recoil operated, semi-automatic pistols manufactured by Kahr Arms. Title: Marco Ferrando Passage: Marco Ferrando (born 18 July 1954 in Genoa) is an Italian Trotskyist activist and politician, the leading member of the AMR Progetto Comunista current in the Movimento per un Partito Comunista dei Lavoratori (Movement for the Communist Workers' Party), and a member of the Co-ordinating Committee for the Refoundation of the Fourth International.	[ "AMR 35", "Renault 7" ]
When did the person with the most number one songs in an active Billboard chart drop out of college?	1978	[]	Title: Leave a Light On (Tom Walker song) Passage: ``Leave a Light On ''is a song by Scottish singer - songwriter Tom Walker. It was released to digital retailers on 13 October 2017. The song was co-written by Walker and Steve Mac. The song reached number one in France, and reached the top 10 in Austria, Belgium's Wallonia chart, Germany, Italy and Switzerland, while reaching the top 40 on Belgium's Flanders chart, Poland and the Netherlands. The song reached number seven in his native UK and number 34 on the Irish Singles Chart. Title: If You Could Read My Mind Passage: ``If You Could Read My Mind ''is a song by Canadian singer - songwriter Gordon Lightfoot. It reached number one on Canadian music charts and was his first recording to appear on the American music charts, reaching number 5 on the Billboard Hot 100 singles chart in February 1971. Later in the year it reached number 30 in the UK. The song also reached number one for one week on the Billboard Easy Listening chart, and was the first of four Lightfoot releases to reach number one. Title: Just Got Started Lovin' You Passage: ``Just Got Started Lovin 'You ''is a song co-written and recorded by American country music artist James Otto. It was released in July 2007 as the first single from his album Sunset Man. On the Hot Country Songs chart dated for May 17, 2008, the song has also become Otto's first (and to date, his only) number - one hit. The song was also the number one song on Billboard's year - end 2008 Hot Country Songs chart. Title: Connection (Elastica song) Passage: "Connection" is a song released by the Britpop group Elastica. It was originally released in 1994 as a single and the album version was not released until 1995 on their self-titled debut. The song debuted and peaked at number 17 on the UK Singles Chart and became one of the few Britpop songs to gain popularity in North America, reaching number 53 on the US "Billboard" Hot 100, number two on the "Billboard" Modern Rock Tracks chart, and number nine on the Canadian "RPM" Top Singles chart. Title: Don't Take the Girl Passage: "Don't Take The Girl" is a song written by Craig Martin and Larry W. Johnson, and recorded by American country music artist Tim McGraw. It was released in March 1994 as the second single from his album "Not a Moment Too Soon". The song was McGraw's fifth single overall, and his first number-one single on the Hot Country Songs chart. It reached number one on the Canadian country charts as well and it was also a successful pop song, reaching number 17 on the "Billboard" Hot 100. Title: You Make Me Feel Like Dancing Passage: ``You Make Me Feel Like Dancing ''is a song by the British singer Leo Sayer, taken from his 1976 album Endless Flight. The song reached number one on the U.S. Billboard Hot 100 chart, making it his first number - one single in the United States, and reached number 2 on the UK Singles Chart. Billboard ranked it as the No. 13 song of 1977. Songwriters Sayer and Vini Poncia won a Grammy Award for the song in 1978 in the category Best R&B Song. Title: Ballerina Girl Passage: "Ballerina Girl" is a 1986 song written and recorded by Lionel Richie. The song is a track from Richie's "Dancing on the Ceiling" album. "Ballerina Girl" peaked at number five on the soul charts. The song was also the last of Richie's eleven number ones on the Adult Contemporary charts. "Ballerina Girl" spent four weeks at number one and went to number seven on the "Billboard" Hot 100 in early 1987. Title: The Story of My Life (Marty Robbins song) Passage: The song became a 1957 hit for US country singer Marty Robbins, which peaked at number one on the US country chart for four weeks and reaching number fifteen on the Billboard Top 100 and number two on Australian Singles Chart. Title: Nothing Fails Passage: In Australia, Warner Bros. Records released a maxi-CD single of "Nothing Fails". The release was considered an album by ARIA due to the number of different tracks; it failed to chart on the ARIA Albums Chart. However, it did appear on the ARIA Dance Albums Chart at number six. The song also reached the top ten in Canada. In Europe, "Nothing Fails" achieved moderate success on the charts. In Austria, "Nothing Fails" debuted at number 74, and one week later, peaked at number 51, going on to spend six weeks inside the chart. On January 3, 2004, "Nothing Fails" debuted at its peak of number 50 on the Belgian Flanders Singles Chart. However, it peaked at number three on the Ultratip chart of Wallonia. The song debuted at number 16 on the Danish Singles Chart, peaking at number 11 the next week. The song debuted at its peak of number 34 on the French Singles Chart on November 30, 2003. In its second week, the song began its decline, falling out of the chart at number 97, almost four months later. The song had commercial success in Italy, reaching the top ten on its singles chart, and also in Spain where it reached the top of the chart. On the German Singles Chart, the song peaked at number 36. Title: The Diary of Jane Passage: The single moved rapidly up the charts in its first week of official release. It debuted on the Billboard Hot 100 at number 55 before reaching number 50 and spending 15 weeks on chart. It was the number one most - added track at three formats: Rock, Modern Rock and Active Rock. This success propelled the song to number two on the Mainstream Rock Tracks chart and number four on the Modern Rock Tracks chart. ``The Diary of Jane '', as of June 2006, could be heard on over 100 radio stations in America.`` The Diary of Jane'' was the fastest added single in Hollywood Records history, topping such artists as Queen. The success of the song led it to be featured in the video game NASCAR 07 and as downloadable content for Rock Band and Rock Band 2. The song was also featured in the 2008 dance film Step Up 2: The Streets. Title: Walk on Faith Passage: "Walk on Faith" was Reid's first solo single, released in 1990 on Columbia Records. It spent twenty weeks on the U.S. "Billboard" Hot Country Singles & Tracks (now Hot Country Songs) charts. It debuted at number 64 on the chart dated for November 24, 1990 and peaked at number 1 on the chart dated for February 23, 1991. The song was also his only Number One on the "RPM" Country Tracks charts in Canada. Title: Love Out Loud (Earl Thomas Conley song) Passage: "Love Out Loud" is a song written by Thom Schuyler, and recorded by American country music artist Earl Thomas Conley. It was released in March 1989 as the fourth single from the album "The Heart of It All". The song was Conley's eighteenth and final number one on the country chart as a solo artist. The single went to number one for one week and spent fifteen weeks on the country chart. Title: Your Love's on the Line Passage: "Your Love's on the Line" is a song recorded by American country music artist Earl Thomas Conley. The song was written by Conley along with Randy Scruggs, and was released in April 1983 as the lead single from the album, "Don't Make It Easy for Me". The song was Earl Thomas Conley's third number one on the country chart. The single went to number one for one week and spent a total of thirteen weeks on the country chart. Title: Madonna (entertainer) Passage: Madonna holds the record for the most number-ones on all combined Billboard charts, including twelve number-one songs on the Billboard Hot 100 and eight number-one albums on the Billboard 200. With 45 songs topping the Hot Dance Club Songs chart, Madonna became the artist with the most number-one songs on an active Billboard chart, pulling ahead of George Strait with 44 number-one songs on the Hot Country Songs chart. She has also scored 38 top-ten singles on the Hot 100, more than any other artist in history. In 2008, Billboard magazine ranked her at number two, behind The Beatles, on the Billboard Hot 100 All-Time Top Artists, making her the most successful solo artist in the history of American singles chart. Title: Amor Clandestino Passage: "Amor Clandestino" (English: "Clandestine Love") is the second single from Mexican Latin pop/Rock en Español band Maná's eighth studio album "Drama y Luz". The song is produced by Fher Olvera & Alex González. The song reached number-one on the Hot Latin Songs chart. The song also reached number-one on the Mexican Airplay Charts according to "Billboard" International. Title: Reunited (song) Passage: ``Reunited ''was a hit song for R&B vocal duo Peaches & Herb. As the second single release from their 1978 album, 2 Hot, the song was a huge crossover smash, topping both the pop and soul charts. It spent four weeks at number one on both the R&B singles chart and the Billboard Hot 100 singles chart in 1979 and sold over 2 million copies. Billboard ranked it as the No. 5 song for 1979. In Canada,`` Reunited'' likewise reached number one and was the No. 9 song for the year. Title: XXL (Mylène Farmer song) Passage: "XXL" is a 1995 song recorded by French singer-songwriter Mylène Farmer. The song was the lead single from her fourth studio album "Anamorphosée" and was released on 19 September 1995. It marked an important change in the singer's career, with more pronounced "variété" sonorities, more accessible lyrics, and a music video directed by a new producer. Although it entered directly at number one on the French singles chart, it dropped quickly and achieved mixed success. Title: The Big One (song) Passage: "The Big One" is a song written by Gerry House and Devon O'Day, and recorded by American country music artist George Strait. It was released in October 1994 as the lead-off single from his album "Lead On". It became his 26th number 1 hit in the United States. The song reached number-one on the "Billboard" Hot Country Songs chart and number 4 on the Canadian "RPM" Country Tracks chart. Title: Kane Brown Passage: The self - titled debut album was released on December 2, 2016, and debuted at number 10 on the US Billboard 200. On the release of the deluxe edition of the album, it went to number 5 on the Billboard 200, and returned to number one on the Top Country Albums chart. Together with his single ``What Ifs '', which also reached number one on multiple charts and a new song`` Heaven'' released with the deluxe edition, Brown became the first artist to have simultaneous number ones on all five main country charts -- Top Country Albums, Hot Country Songs, Country Airplay, Country Digital Song Sales and Country Streaming Songs. Title: Madonna (entertainer) Passage: In 1978, she dropped out of college and relocated to New York City. She had little money and worked as a waitress at Dunkin' Donuts and with modern dance troupes, taking classes at the Alvin Ailey American Dance Theater and eventually performing with Pear Lang Dance Theater. Madonna said of her move to New York, "It was the first time I'd ever taken a plane, the first time I'd ever gotten a taxi cab. I came here with $35 in my pocket. It was the bravest thing I'd ever done." She started to work as a backup dancer for other established artists. Madonna claimed that during a late night she was returning from a rehearsal, when a pair of men held her at knifepoint and forced her to perform fellatio. Madonna later commented that "the episode was a taste of my weakness, it showed me that I still could not save myself in spite of all the strong-girl show. I could never forget it."	[ "Madonna (entertainer)" ]
Where is the new island forming in the 50th state to join the U.S.?	about 35 km (22 mi) off the southeast coast of the island of Hawaii	[ "HI", "Hawaii" ]	Title: British America Passage: British America gained large amounts of new territory following the Treaty of Paris (1763) which ended British involvement in the Seven Years' War. At the start of the American War of Independence in 1775, the British Empire included twenty colonies north and east of New Spain (present - day areas of Mexico and the Western United States). East and West Florida were ceded to Spain in the Treaty of Paris (1783) which ended the American Revolution, and then ceded by Spain to the United States in 1819. The remaining continental colonies of British North America formed the Dominion of Canada by uniting between 1867 and 1873. The Dominion of Newfoundland joined Canada in 1949. Title: United States Virgin Islands Passage: The United States Virgin Islands (USVI; also called the American Virgin Islands), officially the Virgin Islands of the United States, is a group of islands in the Caribbean and an unincorporated and organized territory of the United States. The islands are geographically part of the Virgin Islands archipelago and are located in the Leeward Islands of the Lesser Antilles. Title: Liberty Island Passage: Liberty Island is a federally owned island in Upper New York Bay in the United States, best known as the location of the Statue of Liberty. The island is an exclave of Jersey City, surrounded by the waters of Jersey City, New Jersey. Long known as Bedloe's Island, it was renamed by an act of the United States Congress in 1956. In 1937, by Presidential Proclamation 2250 by President Franklin D. Roosevelt, it became part of the Statue of Liberty National Monument and in 1966, was listed on the National Register of Historic Places as part of Statue of Liberty National Monument, Ellis Island and Liberty Island. Title: Disston, Oregon Passage: Disston is an unincorporated community in Lane County, Oregon, United States, southeast of Cottage Grove where Brice Creek and Layng Creek join to form the Row River. It is about a mile west of the Umpqua National Forest. Title: Grand Tower Island Passage: Grand Tower Island is a river island in the Mississippi River in the midwestern United States, within the state of Missouri on its border with the state of Illinois. Formed within recorded history by the movement of the river, it consists of a bulge-shaped piece of land between the river's primary channel and an oxbow lake. Land on the island is generally valuable for farming, especially when protected from flooding, while the lake has developed a reputation as a valuable sport-fishing location. Title: South Oyster Bay Passage: South Oyster Bay or East Bay is a natural harbor along the western portion of the south shore of Long Island in New York in the United States. The harbor is formed by Jones Beach Island, a barrier island on the southern side of Long Island. It is approximately 3 mi (5 km) wide between the two islands, and approximately 15 mi (24 km) long. It links to Great South Bay on its eastern end and opens to the Atlantic Ocean through inlets on either side of Jones Beach Island. Title: Squaw Island (Canandaigua Lake) Passage: Squaw Island is located at the north end of Canandaigua Lake, near the city of Canandaigua, New York, United States. It is one of two islands in the 11 Finger Lakes. Frequently it is described as New York's smallest state park; however, while it is one of the state's smallest protected areas, it is not formally designated as a state park, but rather it is a "unique area" managed by the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation. Title: Hawaii Passage: Hawaii (English: / həˈwaɪ. i, - ji, - ʔi / (listen) hə - WY - (y) ee; Hawaiian: Hawai ʻi (həˈvɐjʔi)) is the 50th and most recent state to have joined the United States of America, having received statehood on August 21, 1959. Hawaii is the only U.S. state located in Oceania and the only one composed entirely of islands. It is the northernmost island group in Polynesia, occupying most of an archipelago in the central Pacific Ocean. Hawaii is the only U.S. state located outside North America. Title: Secession in the United States Passage: The most serious attempt at secession was advanced in the years 1860 and 1861 as eleven southern States each declared secession from the United States, and joined together to form the Confederate States of America. This movement collapsed in 1865 with the defeat of Confederate forces by Union armies in the American Civil War. Title: Eauripik Passage: Eauripik Island is a coral atoll of three islands in the western Caroline Islands in the Pacific Ocean, and forms a legislative district in Yap State in the Federated States of Micronesia. Title: Fall Kill Passage: The Fall Kill is a creek in Dutchess County, New York, United States. The stream is approximately long, and joins the Hudson River in the city of Poughkeepsie. Title: Geography of Massachusetts Passage: Massachusetts is the 7th smallest state in the United States with an area of . It is bordered to the north by New Hampshire and Vermont, to the west by New York, to the south by Connecticut and Rhode Island, and to the east by the Atlantic Ocean. Massachusetts is the most populous New England state. Title: Liberty Island Passage: According to the United States Census Bureau, the island has a land area of 59,558 square meters, or 14.717 acres, which is the property of the federal government. Liberty Island is located in the Upper New York Bay within the waters of Jersey City, Hudson County, New Jersey. It is one of the islands that are part of the borough of Manhattan in New York. The historical developments which led to this construction created the rare situation of an exclave of one state, New York, being situated in another, New Jersey. Title: Federation of Australia Passage: The Federation of Australia was the process by which the six separate British self - governing colonies of Queensland, New South Wales, Victoria, Tasmania, South Australia, and Western Australia agreed to unite and form the Commonwealth of Australia, establishing a system of federalism in Australia. Fiji and New Zealand were originally part of this process, but they decided not to join the federation. Following federation, the six colonies that united to form the Commonwealth of Australia as states kept the systems of government (and the bicameral legislatures) that they had developed as separate colonies, but they also agreed to have a federal government that was responsible for matters concerning the whole nation. When the Constitution of Australia came into force, on 1 January 1901, the colonies collectively became states of the Commonwealth of Australia. Title: New York City Passage: New York City is situated in the Northeastern United States, in southeastern New York State, approximately halfway between Washington, D.C. and Boston. The location at the mouth of the Hudson River, which feeds into a naturally sheltered harbor and then into the Atlantic Ocean, has helped the city grow in significance as a trading port. Most of New York City is built on the three islands of Long Island, Manhattan, and Staten Island. Title: Lōʻihi Seamount Passage: Lōihi Seamount (also known as Lōʻihi) is an active submarine volcano about 35 km (22 mi) off the southeast coast of the island of Hawaii. The top of the seamount is about 975 m (3,000 ft) below sea level. This seamount is on the flank of Mauna Loa, the largest shield volcano on Earth. Lōihi, meaning ``long ''in Hawaiian, is the newest volcano in the Hawaiian - Emperor seamount chain, a string of volcanoes that stretches over 5,800 km (3,600 mi) northwest of Lōʻihi. Unlike most active volcanoes in the Pacific Ocean that make up the active plate margins on the Pacific Ring of Fire, Lōʻihi and the other volcanoes of the Hawaiian - Emperor seamount chain are hotspot volcanoes and formed well away from the nearest plate boundary. Volcanoes in the Hawaiian Islands arise from the Hawaii hotspot, and as the youngest volcano in the chain, Lōihi is the only Hawaiian volcano in the deep submarine preshield stage of development. Title: Pacific Ocean Passage: In Oceania, France obtained a leading position as imperial power after making Tahiti and New Caledonia protectorates in 1842 and 1853 respectively. After navy visits to Easter Island in 1875 and 1887, Chilean navy officer Policarpo Toro negotiated the incorporation of the island into Chile with native Rapanui in 1888. By occupying Easter Island, Chile joined the imperial nations. By 1900 nearly all Pacific islands were in control of Britain, France, United States, Germany, Japan, and Chile.Although the United States gained control of Guam and the Philippines from Spain in 1898, Japan controlled most of the western Pacific by 1914 and occupied many other islands during World War II. However, by the end of that war, Japan was defeated and the U.S. Pacific Fleet was the virtual master of the ocean. Since the end of World War II, many former colonies in the Pacific have become independent states. Title: Legislative Assembly of Vancouver Island Passage: The colonies of Vancouver Island and British Columbia were joined into a new single colony, the United Colonies of Vancouver Island and British Columbia, in 1866, and the Legislative Assembly of Vancouver Island ceased to exist. Its role was filled in the new colony by the Legislative Council of British Columbia. Title: United States Post Office and Courthouse (Camden, New Jersey) Passage: The United States Post Office and Courthouse (1932) and the Mitchell H. Cohen United States Courthouse (1994) house the United States District Court for the District of New Jersey in Camden, New Jersey. The back-to-back buildings are joined by a second story enclosed skyway. Title: Kevin M. McCoy Passage: Vice Admiral Kevin M. McCoy is a native of Long Island, New York and joined the United States Navy in 1977. McCoy's last naval posting was as the 42nd commander of Naval Sea Systems Command. Since 2013 he is a President of Irving Shipbuilding Inc.	[ "Lōʻihi Seamount", "Hawaii" ]
Who does the vocals on Money by the performer of Crying Song?	David Gilmour	[]	Title: New York, New York (Ryan Adams song) Passage: "New York, New York" is a song written and performed by American alt-country musician Ryan Adams. It appeared on his 2001 album "Gold". The song earned Adams a Grammy Award nomination for Best Male Rock Vocal, and the single reached #53 in the UK charts in December 2001. In 2009, the song was included in "The Guardian"s "1000 Songs Everyone Must Hear". Title: Don't Cry for Me Argentina Passage: ``Do n't Cry for Me Argentina ''was written by Andrew Lloyd Webber and Tim Rice while they were developing Evita for Broadway in 1976. Both were extremely intrigued by the stories surrounding the life of Eva Perón while researching about her during the mid-1970s. Evita was initially produced as an album, before being adapted for the stage, following a formula that Lloyd Webber and Rice had employed during the production of Jesus Christ Superstar, their previous musical. The duo had written the songs for a female singer with good vocals. Title: Crying Song Passage: "Crying Song" is a song composed by Roger Waters, bassist of the British rock group Pink Floyd. It appears on their 1969 soundtrack album, "Soundtrack from the Film More". The song is a lazy pastoral-like ballad, featuring a dreamy vocal delivery by Gilmour. Title: Sometimes I Cry Passage: "Sometimes I Cry" is a song by American singer Eric Benét, released as the lead single from his fifth album "Lost in Time". The song peaked at number 16 on the "Billboard" Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart. Benét earned a 2012 Grammy nomination for Best Traditional R&B Vocal Performance on this song. Title: Money (Pink Floyd song) Passage: David Gilmour -- lead vocals, electric guitars Roger Waters -- bass guitar, tape effects Richard Wright -- Wurlitzer electric piano (with wah - wah pedal) Nick Mason -- drums, tape effects Title: 50 Ways to Leave Your Lover Passage: ``50 Ways to Leave Your Lover ''is a song by the American singer - songwriter Paul Simon featuring Peter, Paul, and Mary. It was the second single from his fourth studio album, Still Crazy After All These Years (1975), released on Columbia Records. Backing vocals on the single were performed by Patti Austin, Valerie Simpson, and Phoebe Snow. The song features a recognizable repeated drum riff performed by drummer Steve Gadd. Title: Cry for Help Passage: "Cry for Help" is the title of the first single taken from British dance-pop singer Rick Astley's third studio album, "Free". It was written by Rick Astley and Rob Fisher. The Andraé Crouch Choir provided backing vocals. Title: Cry of the Lonely Passage: "Cry of the Lonely" is a song by J.M. Silk, released as the final single taken from the album "Hold on to Your Dream" issued on RCA Records, in 1987. Title: If You Leave Me Tonight I'll Cry Passage: "If You Leave Me Tonight I'll Cry" is a song made famous by country music singer Jerry Wallace. Originally released in 1972, the song was the only number-one song during Wallace's recording career. Title: 50 Ways to Leave Your Lover Passage: ``50 Ways to Leave Your Lover ''is a song by the American singer - songwriter Paul Simon. It was the second single from his fourth studio album, Still Crazy After All These Years (1975), released on Columbia Records. Backing vocals on the single were performed by Patti Austin, Valerie Simpson, and Phoebe Snow. The song features a recognizable repeated drum riff performed by drummer Steve Gadd. Title: Radio Nowhere Passage: "Radio Nowhere" is the first single released from Bruce Springsteen's 2007 studio album "Magic". It was awarded Best Solo Rock Vocal Performance and Best Rock Song at the Grammy Awards of 2008. Title: Cryin' for Me (Wayman's Song) Passage: The song is a mid-tempo country ballad, mostly accompanied by acoustic guitar and saxophone. It was written as a tribute to basketball player and jazz musician Wayman Tisdale, who died on May 15, 2009. In it, the narrator is crying, but states he is not crying for Tisdale's death, rather crying for himself. Title: Sound and Vision Passage: "Sound and Vision" is a song and single by David Bowie which appeared on his 1977 album "Low". The song is notable for juxtaposing an uplifting guitar and synthesizer-led instrumental track with Bowie’s withdrawn lyrics. In keeping with the minimalist approach of "Low", Bowie and co-producer Tony Visconti originally recorded the track as an instrumental, bar the backing vocal (performed by Visconti’s wife, Mary Hopkin). Bowie then recorded his vocal after the rest of the band had left the studio, before trimming verses off the lyrics and leaving a relatively lengthy instrumental intro on the finished song. Title: Blue Eyes Crying in the Rain Passage: ``Blue Eyes Crying in the Rain ''is a song written by songwriter Fred Rose. Originally performed by Roy Acuff, the song has been covered by many artist; such as Hank Williams Sr. and Charlie Pride. Also the song was later recorded by Willie Nelson as part of his 1975 album Red Headed Stranger. Both the song and album would become iconic in country music history, and jump start Nelson's success as a singer and recording artist. Title: Hi, How Ya Doin'? Passage: "Hi, How Ya Doin'?" is a song written by Steve Horton and performed by Kenny G, released by Arista Records. Uncredited vocals were provided by Barry Johnson. It reached number 23 on the U.S. "Billboard" R&B Singles chart in 1984. Title: Hold the Line Passage: ``Hold the Line ''is a song by the American rock band Toto. The song was written by the band's keyboardist David Paich, and the lead vocals were performed by Bobby Kimball. The song was released as the band's debut single, and was featured on their debut 1978 eponymous album. The song was a huge success in the U.S.; it reached Number 5 on the Billboard Hot 100 chart during the winter of 1978 -- 79, and Number 14 on the official UK chart. Title: E. G. Daily Passage: Also in 1985, she provided back - up vocals for The Human League front - man Philip Oakey's debut solo album, Philip Oakey & Giorgio Moroder. That same year, she appeared in the comedy film Better Off Dead, singing the songs ``One Way Love (Better Off Dead) ''and`` A Little Luck'' as a member of a band performing at a high school dance. Both songs were included on the soundtrack album credited to E.G. Daily. She performed a song on The Breakfast Club soundtrack called ``Waiting ''. Title: Hue and Cry (band) Passage: Hue and Cry is a pop duo formed in 1983 in Coatbridge, Scotland, by brothers Pat Kane (vocals) and Greg Kane (music/production). The duo are best known for their 1987 single "Labour of Love". Title: Amanda Abizaid Passage: Amanda Jo Abizaid is an American Lebanese singer / songwriter best known for her vocal performance on the theme song of the US TV series The 4400. Title: Nice Work If You Can Get It (song) Passage: The music was written by George Gershwin, the lyrics by Ira Gershwin. It was one of nine songs George Gershwin wrote for the movie A Damsel in Distress, in which it was performed by Fred Astaire with backing vocals provided by The Stafford Sisters. The song was published in 1937.	[ "Money (Pink Floyd song)", "Crying Song" ]
What is the capital of the county where the town of Wallburg is located?	Lexington	[]	Title: Bogotá Passage: Bogotá (/ ˈboʊɡətɑː /, / ˌbɒɡəˈtɑː /, / ˌboʊ - /; Spanish pronunciation: (boɣoˈta) (listen)), officially Bogotá, Distrito Capital, abbreviated Bogotá, D.C., and formerly known as Santafé de Bogotá between 1991 and 2000, is the capital and largest city of Colombia, administered as the Capital District, although often thought of as part of Cundinamarca. Bogotá is a territorial entity of the first order, with the same administrative status as the departments of Colombia. It is the political, economic, administrative, industrial, artistic, cultural, and sports center of the country. Title: Wallburg, North Carolina Passage: Wallburg is a town in Davidson County, North Carolina, United States. It was incorporated in 2004. As of the 2013 census it had a population of 3,067. Title: Khabarovsky District Passage: Khabarovsky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the seventeen in Khabarovsk Krai, Russia. It consists of two unconnected segments separated by the territory of Amursky District, which are located in the southwest of the krai. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Khabarovsk (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population: Title: Geography of the United States Passage: The capital city, Washington, District of Columbia, is a federal district located on land donated by the state of Maryland. (Virginia had also donated land, but it was returned in 1849.) The United States also has overseas territories with varying levels of independence and organization: in the Caribbean the territories of Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands, and in the Pacific the inhabited territories of Guam, American Samoa, and the Northern Mariana Islands, along with a number of uninhabited island territories. Title: Gudgenby River Passage: The Gudgenby River, a perennial river that is part of the Murrumbidgee catchment within the Murray-Darling basin, is located in the Australian Capital Territory, Australia. Title: Churchland, North Carolina Passage: Churchland is an unincorporated community in Boone Township, Davidson County, North Carolina located along North Carolina Highway 150 southwest of Lexington, North Carolina. Churchland Baptist Church and Churchland Elementary School are centered in the Churchland community. Churchland is protected by Churchland Volunteer Fire Department. Title: History of Australia Passage: The Federal Capital Territory (FCT) was formed from New South Wales in 1911 to provide a location for the proposed new federal capital of Canberra (Melbourne was the seat of government from 1901 to 1927). The FCT was renamed the Australian Capital Territory (ACT) in 1938. The Northern Territory was transferred from the control of the South Australian government to the Commonwealth in 1911. Title: Mount Franklin (Australian Capital Territory) Passage: Mount Franklin is a mountain with an elevation of in the Brindabella Ranges that is located on the border between the Australian Capital Territory and New South Wales, Australia. The summit of the mountain is located in the Australian Capital Territory. Title: Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok County (former) Passage: Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok was an administrative county (comitatus) in the Kingdom of Hungary. Its territory, which is now in central Hungary, was slightly smaller than that of present Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok county. The capital of the county was Szolnok. Title: Sierra Suroeste Passage: Sierra Suroeste is a comarca (county, with no administrative role) located in southwestern province of Badajoz in the autonomous community of Extremadura, western Spain. Its capital and largest city is Jerez de los Caballeros. Title: Mansehra (Rural) Passage: Mansehra (Rural) is a Union Council (an administrative subdivision) of Mansehra District in Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. It is located in the south of the district and to the southeast of the district capital, Mansehra. Title: Vilnius County Passage: Vilnius County () is the largest of the 10 counties of Lithuania, located in the east of the country around the city Vilnius. On 1 July 2010, the county administration was abolished, and since that date, Vilnius County remains as the territorial and statistical unit. Title: Territory of Papua Passage: In 1949, the Territory and the Territory of New Guinea were established in an administrative union by the name of the Territory of Papua and New Guinea. That administrative union was renamed as Papua New Guinea in 1971. Notwithstanding that it was part of an administrative union, the Territory of Papua at all times retained a distinct legal status and identity; it was a Possession of the Crown whereas the Territory of New Guinea was initially a League of Nations mandate territory and subsequently a United Nations trust territory. This important legal and political distinction remained until the advent of the Independent State of Papua New Guinea in 1975. Title: Baranya County (former) Passage: Baranya (, , / "Baranja", ) was an administrative county (comitatus) of the Kingdom of Hungary. Its territory is now in southern Hungary (the present county Baranya) and northeastern Croatia (part of the Osijek-Baranja county). The capital of the county was Pécs. Title: Braddon, Australian Capital Territory Passage: Braddon (postcode: 2612) is an inner north suburb of Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia located adjacent to the Canberra CBD. Title: Tatra County Passage: Tatra County () is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Lesser Poland Voivodeship, southern Poland, on the Slovak border. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and only town is Zakopane, which lies south of the regional capital Kraków. The county takes its name from the Tatra mountain range, which covers most of its territory. Title: Orroral River Passage: Orroral River, a perennial stream of the Murrumbidgee catchment within the Murray-Darling basin, is located in the Australian Capital Territory, Australia. Title: Olsztyn Voivodeship Passage: Olsztyn Voivodeship () was an administrative division and unit of local government in Poland in the years 1945-75, and a new territorial division between 1975–1998, superseded by Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship. Its capital city was Olsztyn. Title: Torontál County Passage: Torontál (, , , ) was an administrative county (comitatus) of the Kingdom of Hungary. Its territory is now in northern Serbia (eastern Vojvodina, except the small part near Belgrade, which is part of Belgrade Region), western Romania and southern Hungary. The capital of the county was Nagybecskerek (Serbian: , , ), the current Zrenjanin. Title: Biysky District Passage: Biysky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-nine in Altai Krai, Russia. It is located in the east of the krai and borders with Zonalny, Tselinny, Soltonsky, Krasnogorsky, Sovetsky, and Smolensky Districts, as well as with the territory of the City of Biysk. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Biysk (which is not administratively a part of the district). District's population:	[ "Churchland, North Carolina", "Wallburg, North Carolina" ]
Who founded the famous chain of music-themed restaurants that opened its first establishment in the birthplace of Twice Branded's cast member?	Peter Morton	[]	Title: Culver's Passage: Culver Franchising System, Inc., doing business as Culver's, is a privately owned and operated casual fast food restaurant chain that operates primarily in the Midwestern United States. Culver's opened its first restaurant in 1984 in Sauk City, Wisconsin, and is currently headquartered in Prairie du Sac, Wisconsin. As of 3 July 2018, the chain had 665 restaurants across the United States, and 18 coming soon in 10 states. Title: Isaac Tigrett Passage: On June 14, 1971 he and Peter Morton started the first Hard Rock Café (HRC) restaurant in London's fashionable Mayfair district. The restaurant combined rock music, memorabilia related to rock 'n' roll and American cuisine. Title: Fast food restaurant Passage: Some historians concur that A&W, which opened in 1921 and began franchising in 1923, was the first fast food restaurant (E. Tavares). Thus, the American company White Castle is sometimes considered the second fast - food outlet in Wichita, Kansas in 1921, selling hamburgers for five cents apiece from its inception and spawning numerous competitors and emulators. What is certain, however, is that White Castle made the first significant effort to standardize the food production in, look of, and operation of fast - food hamburger restaurants. William Ingram's and Walter Anderson's White Castle System created the first fast food supply chain to provide meat, buns, paper goods, and other supplies to their restaurants, pioneered the concept of the multi-state hamburger restaurant chain, standardized the look and construction of the restaurants themselves, and even developed a construction division that manufactured and built the chain's prefabricated restaurant buildings. The McDonald's Speedee Service System and, much later, Ray Kroc's McDonald's outlets and Hamburger University all built on principles, systems and practices that White Castle had already established between 1923 and 1932. Title: History of the hamburger Passage: The modern hamburger was developed in the United States, but by the end of World War II, around the middle of the 20th century, it began to spread to other countries as fast food became globalized. The main cause of this gradual globalization was the successes of the large restaurant chains. Their desires to expand their businesses and increase their profits resulted in them creating franchises around the world. McDonald's was among the very first of the burger chains to take the global establishment of its brand seriously, but it was not the only one. Wimpy began operating in the United Kingdom in 1954, 20 years before McDonald's began operation in the country, and by 1970 it had expanded to over a thousand restaurants in 23 countries. On August 21, 1971, in Zaandam, near Amsterdam in the Netherlands, Ahold opened its first European franchise. In the 1970s, McDonald's began to expand into Europe and Australia. In Asia, Japan saw the establishment of its own fast food chain in 1972: MOS Burger (モスバーガー, Mosu bāgā), an abbreviation of ``Mountain, Ocean, Sun '', which eventually became a direct competitor to McDonald's. All of its products, however, were variations on the burger adapted to the Asian world, including the teriyaki burger, takumi burger, and riceburger. In Hong Kong, Aji Ichiban competed with large chains before it spread quickly throughout Asia. One of the first hamburger vending machines debuted in Amsterdam in 1941 under the brand FEBO, its name derived from its original place of creation, the Ferdinand Bolstraat. Title: Happy Eater Passage: Happy Eater was a chain of family-oriented roadside restaurants that operated throughout England and Wales until 1997. The company was established in 1973 by Michael Pickard as a rival to Little Chef, which was the only national chain of roadside restaurants at the time. The restaurants offered similar fare to Little Chef, such as English breakfasts and fish and chips. The major difference between Happy Eater and Little Chef was that it provided outdoor playground equipment. Outlets were mostly located in South East England, the Midlands and along the A1 corridor. Title: Tudor's Biscuit World Passage: Tudor's Biscuit World is a restaurant chain and franchise based in Huntington, West Virginia, most commonly found in West Virginia. Many West Virginia locations share a building with Gino's Pizza and Spaghetti, although the chain is more extensive than Gino's (which is exclusive to West Virginia), having locations in southern Ohio, eastern Kentucky, and southwestern Virginia. In 2016 a franchise was opened in Panama City, Florida. Title: Arnold Schwarzenegger Passage: Schwarzenegger was a founding celebrity investor in the Planet Hollywood chain of international theme restaurants (modeled after the Hard Rock Cafe) along with Bruce Willis, Sylvester Stallone and Demi Moore. Schwarzenegger severed his financial ties with the business in early 2000. Schwarzenegger said the company had not had the success he had hoped for, claiming he wanted to focus his attention on "new US global business ventures" and his movie career. Title: Ellen's Stardust Diner Passage: Ellen's Stardust Diner was opened in 1987 after Ellen's Cafe was closed down. It was the first 1950s theme restaurant in New York City and had waitresses in poodle skirts. In the late 1990s, a sister restaurant operated near Times Square under the name Stardust Dine-O-Mat. Title: London Passage: London has numerous venues for rock and pop concerts, including the world's busiest arena the o2 arena and other large arenas such as Earls Court, Wembley Arena, as well as many mid-sized venues, such as Brixton Academy, the Hammersmith Apollo and the Shepherd's Bush Empire. Several music festivals, including the Wireless Festival, South West Four, Lovebox, and Hyde Park's British Summer Time are all held in London. The city is home to the first and original Hard Rock Cafe and the Abbey Road Studios where The Beatles recorded many of their hits. In the 1960s, 1970s and 1980s, musicians and groups like Elton John, Pink Floyd, David Bowie, Queen, The Kinks, The Rolling Stones, The Who, Eric Clapton, Led Zeppelin, The Small Faces, Iron Maiden, Fleetwood Mac, Elvis Costello, Cat Stevens, The Police, The Cure, Madness, The Jam, Dusty Springfield, Phil Collins, Rod Stewart and Sade, derived their sound from the streets and rhythms vibrating through London. Title: James Mason (wrestler) Passage: James Atkins (born 22 July 1979 in London) is a British professional wrestler best known under his ring name James Mason. Title: Twisters Passage: Twisters is a New Mexican cuisine restaurant chain from the city of Albuquerque, New Mexico, which was founded in 1998. Title: Raising Cane's Chicken Fingers Passage: Raising Cane's Restaurants is a fast - food restaurant chain specializing in chicken fingers, that was founded in Baton Rouge, Louisiana by Todd Graves and Craig Silvey on August 26, 1996. While company headquarters remain in Louisiana, a second restaurant support office was opened in Plano, Texas in 2009. Title: KFC Passage: KFC was founded by Colonel Harland Sanders, an entrepreneur who began selling fried chicken from his roadside restaurant in Corbin, Kentucky during the Great Depression. Sanders identified the potential of the restaurant franchising concept, and the first ``Kentucky Fried Chicken ''franchise opened in Utah in 1952. KFC popularized chicken in the fast food industry, diversifying the market by challenging the established dominance of the hamburger. By branding himself as`` Colonel Sanders'', Harland became a prominent figure of American cultural history, and his image remains widely used in KFC advertising. However, the company's rapid expansion overwhelmed the aging Sanders and he sold it to a group of investors led by John Y. Brown Jr. and Jack C. Massey in 1964. Title: Eddie V's Prime Seafood Passage: The first Eddie V's was opened in Austin, Texas in 2000 by Guy Villavaso and Larry Foles. In 2011, the brand was sold for $59 million cash to Darden Restaurants, Inc. and became a part of Darden's Specialty Restaurant Group. Title: Fast food restaurant Passage: Some historians concur that A&W, which opened in 1919 and began franchising in 1921, was the first fast food restaurant (E. Tavares). Thus, the American company White Castle is generally credited with opening the second fast - food outlet in Wichita, Kansas in 1921, selling hamburgers for five cents apiece from its inception and spawning numerous competitors and emulators. What is certain, however, is that White Castle made the first significant effort to standardize the food production in, look of, and operation of fast - food hamburger restaurants. William Ingram's and Walter Anderson's White Castle System created the first fast food supply chain to provide meat, buns, paper goods, and other supplies to their restaurants, pioneered the concept of the multi-state hamburger restaurant chain, standardized the look and construction of the restaurants themselves, and even developed a construction division that manufactured and built the chain's prefabricated restaurant buildings. The McDonald's Speedee Service System and, much later, Ray Kroc's McDonald's outlets and Hamburger University all built on principles, systems and practices that White Castle had already established between 1923 and 1932. Title: Cracker Barrel Passage: Cracker Barrel Old Country Store, Inc. is an American chain of combined restaurant and gift stores with a Southern country theme. The company was founded by Dan Evins in 1969; its first store was in Lebanon, Tennessee, which remains the company headquarters. The chain's stores were at first positioned near Interstate highway exits in the Southeastern and Midwestern United States, but has expanded across the country during the 1990s and 2000s. As of September 18, 2012, the chain operates 639 stores in 43 states. Title: Twice Branded Passage: Twice Branded is a 1936 British drama film directed by Maclean Rogers and starring James Mason, Robert Rendel and Lucille Lisle. It was made at Walton Studios as a quota quickie. Title: Kathmandu Passage: Kathmandu had only one western-style restaurant in 1955. A large number of restaurants in Kathmandu have since opened, catering Nepali cuisine, Tibetan cuisine, Chinese cuisine and Indian cuisine in particular. Many other restaurants have opened to accommodate locals, expatriates, and tourists. The growth of tourism in Kathmandu has led to culinary creativity and the development of hybrid foods to accommodate for tourists such as American chop suey, which is a sweet-and-sour sauce with crispy noodles with a fried egg commonly added on top and other westernized adaptations of traditional cuisine. Continental cuisine can be found in selected places. International chain restaurants are rare, but some outlets of Pizza Hut and KFC have recently opened there. It also has several outlets of the international ice-cream chain Baskin-Robbins Title: Nando's Passage: Nando's is an international casual dining restaurant chain originating in South Africa. Founded in 1987, Nando's operates about 1,000 outlets in 30 countries. Title: Bubba Gump Shrimp Company Passage: In 1995, Paramount Pictures approached Rusty Pelican Restaurants Inc. with a desire to create a restaurant based on a theme from Paramount's 1994 film Forrest Gump. The Bubba Gump Shrimp Co. was created as a result. Within a year the Bubba Gump Shrimp Co. created a concept idea for the restaurant chain which was then licensed by Paramount Licensing, Inc. In 1996, the first Bubba Gump Shrimp Co. restaurant was opened in Monterey, California; its success led to its franchising on an international scale.	[ "Twice Branded", "London", "Isaac Tigrett", "James Mason (wrestler)" ]
What's the average percentage of people claiming job seeker's allowance in the country where Helenelunds IK's sport originated?	2.5	[]	Title: Bigg Boss Marathi Passage: Bigg Boss Marathi Presented by Mahesh Manjrekar Country of origin India Original language (s) Marathi No. of seasons No. of episodes 98 Production Location (s) Lonavala Running time 60 - 90 minutes (approx.) Production company (s) Endemol India Release Original release 15 April 2018 (2018 - 04 - 15) -- present Title: Melbourne Passage: Australian rules football and cricket are the most popular sports in Melbourne. It is considered the spiritual home of the two sports in Australia. The first official Test cricket match was played at the Melbourne Cricket Ground in March 1877. The origins of Australian rules football can be traced to matches played next to the MCG in 1858. The Australian Football League is headquartered at Docklands Stadium. Nine of the League's teams are based in the Melbourne metropolitan area: Carlton, Collingwood, Essendon, Hawthorn, Melbourne, North Melbourne, Richmond, St Kilda, and Western Bulldogs. Up to five AFL matches are played each week in Melbourne, attracting an average 40,000 people per game. Additionally, the city annually hosts the AFL Grand Final. Title: Economy of Greece Passage: Greece has tended to lag behind its European Union partners in terms of Internet use, with the gap closing rapidly in recent years. The percentage of households with access to the Internet more than doubled between 2006 and 2013, from 23% to 56% respectively (compared with an EU average of 49% and 79%). At the same time, there has been a massive increase in the proportion of households with a broadband connection, from 4% in 2006 to 55% in 2013 (compared with an EU average of 30% and 76%). However, Greece also has the EU's third highest percentage of people who have never used the Internet: 36% in 2013, down from 65% in 2006 (compared with an EU average of 21% and 42%). Title: Sydney Roosters Passage: In 2018, the Roosters finished in 1st place, claiming their 20th minor premiership. They beat the Sharks 21 - 12 in week one of the finals earning the week off. They then broke their preliminary final hoodoo beating rivals Rabbitohs 12 - 4 in what was the last sports match ever played at the Sydney Football Stadium. They managed to keep the Rabbitohs tryless and the crowd was the highest ever recorded in a sporting match at the Sydney Football Stadium with 44,380 people attending the match. They played the Storm in the Grand Final and won 21 - 6 to claim their 14th premiership. Title: Andrey Lukin Passage: Since then his career failed to live up to the earlier promise, but he still became an International Master and won five Leningrad (Saint Petersburg) championships, which at the time were equal in strength to a national championship of an average European country, with many titled players taking part. He combined his chess playing with a nine to five job as an engineer. Title: Retirement Passage: Retirement, or the practice of leaving one's job or ceasing to work after reaching a certain age, has been around since around the 18th century. Prior to the 18th century, the average life expectancy of people was between 26 and 40 years. Due to this, only a small percentage of the population were reaching an age where physical impairments began to be obstacles to working. Retirement as a government policy began to be adopted by countries during the late 19th century and the 20th century, beginning in Germany under Otto Von Bismarck. Title: Waivers (NHL) Passage: After a player has been designated for assignment, the other 30 NHL teams can put in a claim or waive their claim for that player. The claims process starts at noon Eastern Time and ends 24 hours later. If only one team makes a claim for the player, then he will be transferred to the claiming team. If more than one team makes a claim, then the player will be transferred to the team having the lowest percentage of possible points in league standings at the time of the request for waivers. When a waiver claim has been secured, the claiming team must pay a transfer fee to the original club, though this fee is not counted against the salary cap. If waivers are requested outside the playing season, or before November 1, then the player shall be transferred to the team with the lowest points in the preceding season. If no team places a claim, the player can be sent to a minor league affiliate. Title: Helenelunds IK Passage: The club was originally called "Idrottsklubben Stjärnan" (Sports Club Star) but changed to its present name as early as in its second year, 1929. In the 1980s and 1990s, the club played for qualification to the Swedish top-tier in bandy many times, was close sometimes but never quite made it. Title: Eric B. Shumway Passage: During Shumway's tenure as president of BYU-Hawaii, the school focused on increasing the percentage of students from outside the United States. Among other programs, there were scholarships granted where officials of foreign governments were allowed to help determine who received the scholarship. Thailand was among the countries included in this initiative. Title: Southampton Passage: In March 2007 there were 120,305 jobs in Southampton, and 3,570 people claiming job seeker's allowance, approximately 2.4 per cent of the city's population. This compares with an average of 2.5 per cent for England as a whole. Title: List of most-watched television broadcasts Passage: Regional sporting events like the Super Bowl in the U.S., and the UEFA Champions League finals in Europe, televised live worldwide, have emerged among the world's most watched television broadcasts, regularly attracting more than 1 billion viewers across seven continents. The 2008 Summer Olympics opening ceremony holds the record for the largest viewing figure for any sports event, reaching an average daily audience of 593 million worldwide,. More than 5 billion people saw some part of the 16 - day coverage, including the opening and closing ceremonies of the Beijing - hosted Olympic games. The FIFA World Cup has attracted an average of 3.2 billion viewers in 2010 and 2014, making it the most watched overall live event by average on television worldwide in the 21st century. Title: Republic of the Congo Passage: On March 27, 2015 Sassou Nguesso announced that his government would hold a referendum to change the country's 2002 constitution and allow him to run for a third consecutive term in office. On October 25 the government held a referendum to allow Sassou Nguesso to run in the next election. The government claimed that the proposal as approved by 92 percent of voters with 72 percent of eligible voters participating. The opposition, who had boycotted the referendum claimed that the government's statistics were false and that the vote was a sham. Title: Germans Passage: People of German origin are found in various places around the globe. United States is home to approximately 50 million German Americans or one third of the German diaspora, making it the largest centre of German-descended people outside Germany. Brazil is the second largest with 5 million people claiming German ancestry. Other significant centres are Canada, Argentina, South Africa and France each accounting for at least 1 million. While the exact number of German-descended people is difficult to calculate, the available data makes it safe to claim the number is exceeding 100 million people. Title: Hjorthagens IP Passage: Hjorthagens IP is a sports ground in Stockholm, Sweden. It has been used by Djurgårdens IF FF as practice ground. and by Djurgårdens IF Handikappfotbollförening as well as Värtans IK. In the wintertime ice skating is performed there. Title: England national bandy team Passage: The bandy team represented England in the 1913 European Bandy Championships in Davos, Switzerland. It was credited with winning the eight-nation tournament. At the time, bandy in England was administrated through the National Bandy Association. Title: Västerås BK30 Passage: Västerås BK30 is a sports club in Västerås, Sweden, established on 29 November 1929 as a merger out of IK City and IK Sture and named after 1930, the year it joined the Swedish Sports Confederation. The club nowadays mostly runs soccer, earlier even bandy, handball, ice hockey, table tennis and track and field athletics. Title: New Yam Festival of the Igbo Passage: The New Yam Festival of the Igbo people (Orureshi in the idoma area, Iwa ji, Iri ji or Ike ji, depending on dialect) is an annual cultural festival by the Igbo people held at the end of the rainy season in early August. Title: Florida Passage: At the end of the third quarter in 2008, Florida had the highest mortgage delinquency rate in the country, with 7.8% of mortgages delinquent at least 60 days. A 2009 list of national housing markets that were hard hit in the real estate crash included a disproportionate number in Florida. The early 21st-century building boom left Florida with 300,000 vacant homes in 2009, according to state figures. In 2009, the US Census Bureau estimated that Floridians spent an average 49.1% of personal income on housing-related costs, the third highest percentage in the country. Title: Coleco Passage: The reorganized Coleco sold off all of its North American assets and outsourced thousands of jobs to foreign countries, closing plants in Amsterdam, New York and other cities. In 1988, Canada based SLM Action Sports Inc. purchased Coleco's swimming pool and snow goods divisions. In 1989, Hasbro purchased most of Coleco's remaining product lines. Title: Warsaw Pact Passage: One of the founding members, East Germany was allowed to re-arm by the Soviet Union and the National People's Army was established as the armed forces of the country to counter the rearmament of West Germany.	[ "England national bandy team", "Helenelunds IK", "Southampton" ]
The warm moist air mass over the Andes mountains in Canto de amor film's screenwriter's country of citizenship comes from an ocean. Where does the Columbia river meet that ocean?	Columbia Bar	[]	Title: Columbia Bar Passage: The Columbia Bar, also frequently called the Columbia River Bar, is a system of bars and shoals at the mouth of the Columbia River spanning the U.S. states of Oregon and Washington. The bar is about 3 miles (5 km) wide and 6 miles (10 km) long. Title: Red River (British Columbia) Passage: The Red River is a tributary of the Kechika River in the far north of British Columbia, Canada, flowing east to meet the Kechika from headwaters in the Cassiar Mountains. In its middle reaches it forms the boundary between the Dease Plateau (N) and the Cassiar Mountains (S) and for its final stretch it crosses part of the Liard Plain. It is crossed by an unnamed road about upstream from its confluence with the Kechika, and is just to the north of Aeroplane Lake. Title: Cache Creek (British Columbia) Passage: Cache Creek, originally Rivière de la Cache, is a tributary of the Bonaparte River in the Thompson Country of the Interior of British Columbia, Canada, joining that river at the town of Cache Creek, British Columbia, which is located at the junction of the Trans-Canada and Cariboo Highways. Title: Malton Range Passage: The Malton Range is a mountain range in southeastern British Columbia, Canada, located southwest of the Canoe Reach of Kinbasket Lake and east of the Albreda River, north of Dominion Mountain. It has an area of 451 km and is a subrange of the Monashee Mountains which in turn form part of the Columbia Mountains. Title: Dolce Stil Novo Passage: Dolce Stil Novo (; Italian for "sweet new style", modern Italian "stile nuovo"), or stilnovismo , is the name given to the most important literary movement of the 13th century in Italy. Influenced by the Sicilian School and Tuscan poetry, its main theme is Love ("Amore"). "Gentilezza" (Noblemindedness) and "Amore" are indeed topoi in the major works of the period. The name "Dolce Stil Novo" was used for the first time by Dante Alighieri (Canto 24, "Purgatorio"). When he arrives in Purgatory he meets Bonagiunta Orbicciani, a 13th-century Italian poet, who tells Dante that Dante himself, Guido Guinizelli, and Guido Cavalcanti had been able to create a new genre: a "stil novo". Precursors to the "dolce stil novo" are found in the Provençal works of the troubadours, such as the Genoese Lanfranc Cigala. The artists of the "stil novo" are called stilnovisti. Title: Klappan Range Passage: The Klappan Range is a small subrange of the Skeena Mountains of the Interior Mountains, located between Klappan River and Iskut River in northern British Columbia, Canada. Title: Canto de amor Passage: Canto de amor is a 1940 Argentine romantic musical drama film, directed and written by Julio Irigoyen. It is based on a tango with music by Osvaldo Fresedo. Title: Taylor Pass (British Columbia) Passage: Taylor Pass is a mountain pass in the Chilcotin Ranges of the Coast Mountains of British Columbia, Canada, located at the divide between the headwaters of the Taseko River and those of Gun Creek, a tributary of the Bridge River. Title: Inambari River Passage: The Inambari River in southeastern Peru flows from the Cordillera Apolobamba in the Andes to the Madre de Dios River. The river spans the Puno and Madre de Dios regions. Title: Big Bend Ranges Passage: The Big Bend Ranges are a subrange of the Selkirk Mountains of the Columbia Mountains in southeastern British Columbia, Canada, located in Big Bend of the Columbia River north of the Illecillewaet River. Title: Ratchford Range Passage: The Ratchford Range is a subrange of the Monashee Mountains of the Columbia Mountains, located east of the Seymour River in British Columbia, Canada. Title: Cerro del Bolsón Passage: Cerro del Bolsón is a mountain in the Aconquija Range of Argentina, in Tucumán province. It is the highest point of a significant eastern spur of the main range of the Andes, east of the Puna de Atacama region. It lies about 200 kilometres east of Ojos del Salado, the highest point in the Puna de Atacama. Title: Climate of North Carolina Passage: There is an average of forty - five inches of rain a year (fifty in the mountains). July storms account for much of this precipitation. As much as 15% of the rainfall during the warm season in the Carolinas can be attributed to tropical cyclones. Mountains usually see some snow in the fall and winter. Moist winds from the southwest drop an average of 80 inches (2,000 mm) of precipitation on the western side of the mountains, while the northeast - facing slopes average less than half that amount. Title: Andes Passage: The Andes or Andean Mountains (Spanish: Cordillera de los Andes) are the longest continental mountain range in the world. They form a continuous highland along the western edge of South America. This range is about 7,000 km (4,300 mi) long, about 200 to 700 km (120 to 430 mi) wide (widest between 18 ° south and 20 ° south latitude), and of an average height of about 4,000 m (13,000 ft). The Andes extend from north to south through seven South American countries: Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, Chile and Argentina. Title: Slamgeesh Range Passage: The Slamgeesh Range is a small subrange of the Skeena Mountains of the Interior Mountains, located between the Skeena River and Slamgeesh River in northern British Columbia, Canada. Title: Warly Ceriani Passage: Ceriani made almost 50 film appearances in Argentina between 1938 and 1959 appearing in films such as the 1942 Julio Irigoyen film "Academia El Tango Argentino". Title: Driftwood Range Passage: The Driftwood Range is a small subrange of the Skeena Mountains of the Interior Mountains, located between the headwaters of Driftwood River and Nilkitkwa River in northern British Columbia, Canada. Title: Bulgaria Passage: The Balkan mountains run laterally through the middle of the country. The mountainous southwest has two distinct alpine ranges—Rila and Pirin, which border the lower but more extensive Rhodope Mountains to the east. Musala, at 2,925 metres (9,596 ft), is the highest point in both Bulgaria and the Balkan peninsula, and the Black Sea coast is the country's lowest point. Plains occupy about one third of the territory, while plateaux and hills occupy 41%. Most rivers are short and with low water levels. The longest river located solely in Bulgarian territory, the Iskar, has a length of 368 kilometres (229 mi). Other major rivers include the Struma and the Maritsa in the south.Bulgaria has a changeable climate, which results from being positioned at the meeting point of the Mediterranean and continental air masses combined with the barrier effect of its mountains. Northern Bulgaria averages 1 °C (1.8 °F) cooler, and registers 200 millimetres (7.9 in) more precipitation, than the regions south of the Balkan mountains. Temperature amplitudes vary significantly in different areas. The lowest recorded temperature is −38.3 °C (−36.9 °F), while the highest is 45.2 °C (113.4 °F). Precipitation averages about 630 millimetres (24.8 in) per year, and varies from 500 millimetres (19.7 in) in Dobrudja to more than 2,500 millimetres (98.4 in) in the mountains. Continental air masses bring significant amounts of snowfall during winter. Title: Climate of Argentina Passage: Although the centre and the eastern parts of the country are mostly flat, the west is mountainous. Both the Andes and Sierras Pampeanas affect the climate of Argentina, leading to differences in temperature, pressure, and spatial distribution of precipitation depending on the topography and altitude. Here, the Andes exert an important influence on the climate. Owing to the higher altitudes of the Andes north of 40 S, they completely block the normal westerly flow, preventing low pressure systems containing moisture from the Pacific Ocean from coming in. Thus, much of Argentina north of 40 S is dominated by wind circulation patterns from the South Atlantic High. South of 40 S, the Andes are lower in altitude, allowing much of Patagonia to be dominated by westerly winds and air masses from the Pacific Ocean. However, the north -- south orientation of the Andes creates a barrier for humid air masses originating from the Pacific Ocean. This is because they force these air masses upwards, cooling adiabactically. Most of the moisture is dropped on the Chilean side, causing abundant precipitation and cloudiness while on the Argentine side, the air warms adiabatically, causing it to become drier as it descends. Thus, an extensive rain -- shadow is present in much of Patagonia, causing it to receive very little precipitation. The Sierras Pampeanas influences the climate on a much smaller scale than the Andes. Title: Pico Polaco Passage: Pico Polaco is a mountain in the Cordillera de la Ramada range of the Andes Mountains of Argentina. It has a height of although some sources give	[ "Warly Ceriani", "Climate of Argentina", "Canto de amor", "Columbia Bar" ]
Who's the leader sponsoring the expedition that discovered the country of Santo Crucifixo?	Prince Henry the Navigator	[]	Title: Bartolomeu Perestrello Passage: Bartolomeu Perestrello (, in Italian "Bartolomeo Perestrello"), 1st Capitão Donatário, Lord and Governor of the Island of Porto Santo ( 1395 – 1457) was a Portuguese navigator and explorer that is claimed to have discovered and populated Porto Santo Island (1419) together with João Gonçalves Zarco and Tristão Vaz Teixeira. The account of his participation in the discovery is disputed by some historians. Title: Cape Kaiser Passage: Cape Kaiser () is the north end of Lecointe Island, lying just east of Brabant Island in the Palmer Archipelago, Antarctica. It was discovered by the Belgian Antarctic Expedition, 1897–99, under Gerlache, and named by him for a supporter of the expedition. Title: Rosenthal Islands Passage: The Rosenthal Islands are a group of islands fringing the west coast of Anvers Island, north of Cape Monaco, in the Palmer Archipelago of Antarctica. The largest of them is Gerlache Island. Discovered by the German expedition 1873-74, under Dallmann, and named by him for Albert Rosenthal, Director of the Society for Polar Navigation who, with the society, sponsored the expedition. Title: Gould Peak Passage: Gould Peak () is a peak standing north of Tennant Peak in the southern group of the Rockefeller Mountains, on Edward VII Peninsula in Marie Byrd Land, Antarctica. It was discovered by the Byrd Antarctic Expedition in 1929, and named by Richard E. Byrd for Charles ("Chips") Gould, a carpenter on the expedition. Title: 1922 British Mount Everest expedition Passage: The 1921 British Mount Everest reconnaissance expedition had seen the whole eastern and northern surroundings of the mountain. In searching for the easiest route, George Mallory, who was also a participant of the 1924 expedition (and the only person on all three expeditions in 1921, 1922 and 1924), had discovered a route which, according to his opinion, would allow an attempt on the summit. Title: Middle Ages Passage: In the early 15th century, the countries of the Iberian peninsula began to sponsor exploration beyond the boundaries of Europe. Prince Henry the Navigator of Portugal (d. 1460) sent expeditions that discovered the Canary Islands, the Azores, and Cape Verde during his lifetime. After his death, exploration continued; Bartolomeu Dias (d. 1500) went around the Cape of Good Hope in 1486 and Vasco da Gama (d. 1524) sailed around Africa to India in 1498. The combined Spanish monarchies of Castile and Aragon sponsored the voyage of exploration by Christopher Columbus (d. 1506) in 1492 that discovered the Americas. The English crown under Henry VII sponsored the voyage of John Cabot (d. 1498) in 1497, which landed on Cape Breton Island. Title: Cuba Passage: Cuba has conducted a foreign policy that is uncharacteristic of such a minor, developing country. Under Castro, Cuba was heavily involved in wars in Africa, Central America and Asia. Cuba supported Algeria in 1961–1965, and sent tens of thousands of troops to Angola during the Angolan Civil War. Other countries that featured Cuban involvement include Ethiopia, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Mozambique, and Yemen. Lesser known actions include the 1959 missions to the Dominican Republic. The expedition failed, but a prominent monument to its members was erected in their memory in Santo Domingo by the Dominican government, and they feature prominently at the country's Memorial Museum of the Resistance. Title: Mount Longhurst Passage: Mount Longhurst () is a prominent mountain, high, standing west of Mill Mountain and forming the highest point of Festive Plateau in the Cook Mountains of Antarctica. It was discovered by the British National Antarctic Expedition (1901–04) and named for Cyril Longhurst, secretary of the expedition. Title: Radio Hill Passage: Radio Hill () is a hill rising to 50 m, standing 0.4 nautical miles (0.7 km) southwest of Mabus Point on the coast of Antarctica. Discovered and first mapped by the Australasian Antarctic Expedition under Mawson, 1911-14. Remapped and named by the Soviet expedition of 1956. Title: Mount Liotard Passage: Mount Liotard () is a mountain having a conspicuous ice-covered peak, high, standing midway between Mount Gaudry and Mount Ditte in the south part of Adelaide Island, Antarctica. It was discovered and first surveyed by the Fourth French Antarctic Expedition in 1909. It was resurveyed in 1948 by the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey (FIDS) and named by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee for Andre F. Liotard, a French observer with the FIDS in 1947–48 and the leader of the French Antarctic Expedition, 1949–51. Title: Gorev Island Passage: Gorev Island () is a small island lying between Buromskiy Island and Poryadin Island in the Haswell Islands, Antarctica. It was discovered and mapped by the Australasian Antarctic Expedition under Mawson, 1911–14. It was remapped by the Soviet expedition of 1956, and named by them for Demetri Gorev, a member of the British Antarctic Expedition, 1910–13, under Robert Falcon Scott. Title: School prayer Passage: School prayer, in the context of religious liberty, is state - sanctioned or mandatory prayer by students in public schools. Depending on the country and the type of school, state - sponsored prayer may be required, permitted, or prohibited. Countries which prohibit or limit school prayer often differ in their reasons for doing so: In the United States, school prayer can not be required of students in accordance with the Establishment Clause of the First Amendment to the United States Constitution. In Canada, school - sponsored prayer is disallowed under the concept of Freedom of conscience as outlined in the Canadian Charter on Rights & Fundamental Freedoms. School - sponsored prayer is disallowed in France as a byproduct of its status as a laïcist (religiously neutral) nation. Countries that allow or require school and other state - sponsored prayer include Greece, Saudi Arabia, Iran, Australia, Italy and the United Kingdom. Title: Archer Point Passage: Archer Point () is a rocky headland on the coast marking the west side of Harald Bay, Antarctica. It was discovered in February 1911 by Lieutenant H.L.L. Pennell, Royal Navy, in the Terra Nova, expedition ship of the British Antarctic Expedition, 1910–13, under Robert Falcon Scott, and named after W.W. Archer, chief steward of the expedition. Title: Melba Peninsula Passage: Melba Peninsula is a broad, ice-covered peninsula between Reid Glacier and the Bay of Winds, fronting on Shackleton Ice Shelf, Antarctica. It was discovered by the Australasian Antarctic Expedition under Mawson, 1911–14, who named it for Dame Nellie Melba of Melbourne, a patron of the expedition. Title: Cape Lancaster Passage: Cape Lancaster () is a cape forming the southern extremity of Anvers Island, in the Palmer Archipelago, Antarctica. It was discovered by a German expedition under Eduard Dallmann, 1873–74. The cape was later sighted by the Belgian Antarctic Expedition, 1897–99, under Gerlache, who named it for Albert Lancaster, Scientific Director of the Meteorological Service of the Royal Observatory of Belgium and a supporter of the expedition. Title: Manoury Island Passage: Manoury Island is an island lying south of Gand Island at the north end of Schollaert Channel, in the Palmer Archipelago, Antarctica. It was discovered by the French Antarctic Expedition, 1903–05, and named by Jean-Baptiste Charcot for G. Manoury, secretary of the expedition. Title: Santo Crucifixo Passage: Santo Crucifixo is a "freguesia" (civil parish) of Cape Verde. It covers the southern part of the municipality of Ribeira Grande, on the island of Santo Antão. The seat of the parish is Coculi. The parish covers much of the Ribeira Grande valley. Title: Leopold and Astrid Coast Passage: The Leopold and Astrid Coast () is that portion of the coast of Antarctica lying between the western extremity of the West Ice Shelf, at 81°24′E, and Cape Penck, at 87°43′E. It is located in the eastern half of Princess Elizabeth Land. It was discovered and explored in an airplane flight from the Norwegian ship "Thorshavn" on January 17, 1934, by Lieutenant Alf Gunnestad and Captain Nils Larsen. The coast was named by Lars Christensen, Norwegian whaling magnate and leader of the expedition, for King Leopold and Queen Astrid of Belgium. Title: Santo Domingo Passage: Dating from 1496, when the Spanish settled on the island, and officially from 5 August 1498, Santo Domingo became the oldest European city in the Americas. Bartholomew Columbus founded the settlement and named it La Nueva Isabela, after an earlier settlement in the north named after the Queen of Spain Isabella I. In 1495 it was renamed ``Santo Domingo '', in honor of Saint Dominic. Santo Domingo came to be known as the`` Gateway to the Caribbean'' and the chief town in Hispaniola from then on. Expeditions which led to Ponce de León's colonization of Puerto Rico, Diego Velázquez de Cuéllar's colonization of Cuba, Hernando Cortes' conquest of Mexico, and Vasco Núñez de Balboa's sighting of the Pacific Ocean were all launched from Santo Domingo. Title: Northcliffe Glacier Passage: Northcliffe Glacier () is a glacier descending to the coast immediately east of Davis Peninsula, in Antarctica. It was discovered by the Australasian Antarctic Expedition, 1911–14, under Mawson, and named for Lord Northcliffe, of London, a patron of the expedition.	[ "Santo Crucifixo", "Middle Ages" ]
How many regions in the mentioned continent is recognized by the organization North Korea was a member of?	53 member states	[]	Title: Continent Passage: A continent is one of several very large landmasses on Earth. Generally identified by convention rather than any strict criteria, up to seven regions are commonly regarded as continents. Ordered from largest in size to smallest, they are: Asia, Africa, North America, South America, Antarctica, Europe, and Australia. Title: Somalis Passage: Ancient rock paintings in Somalia which date back to 5000 years have been found in the northern part of the country, depicting early life in the territory. The most famous of these is the Laas Geel complex, which contains some of the earliest known rock art on the African continent and features many elaborate pastoralist sketches of animal and human figures. In other places, such as the northern Dhambalin region, a depiction of a man on a horse is postulated as being one of the earliest known examples of a mounted huntsman. Title: Military history of the United States Passage: The Korean War was a conflict between the United States and its United Nations allies and the communist powers under influence of the Soviet Union (also a UN member nation) and the People's Republic of China (which later also gained UN membership). The principal combatants were North and South Korea. Principal allies of South Korea included the United States, Canada, Australia, the United Kingdom, although many other nations sent troops under the aegis of the United Nations. Allies of North Korea included the People's Republic of China, which supplied military forces, and the Soviet Union, which supplied combat advisors and aircraft pilots, as well as arms, for the Chinese and North Korean troops. Title: Africa Passage: Africa is the world's second - largest and second-most - populous continent (the first being Asia). At about 30.3 million km (11.7 million square miles) including adjacent islands, it covers 6% of Earth's total surface area and 20.4% of its total land area. With 1.2 billion people as of 2016, it accounts for about 16% of the world's human population. The continent is surrounded by the Mediterranean Sea to the north, both the Suez Canal and the Red Sea along the Sinai Peninsula to the northeast, the Indian Ocean to the southeast and the Atlantic Ocean to the west. The continent includes Madagascar and various archipelagos. It contains 54 fully recognised sovereign states (countries), nine territories and two de facto independent states with limited or no recognition. Title: Gotjawal Forest Passage: Gotjawal Forest is a naturally formed forest located on the middle slopes of Halla Mountain, Jeju Island in South Korea. It covers the rocky area of ʻaʻā on Jeju Island off the southwestern coast of South Korea. Due to the geographical feature, the region remains largely undisturbed by people. The "Gotjawal Forest" is an enclave of the Southern Korea evergreen forests ecoregion, and is a favorite place of the Jeju locals. Title: Near East Passage: The Foreign and Commonwealth Office of United Kingdom recognises a Middle East and North Africa region, but not a Near East. Their original Middle East consumed the Near East as far as the Red Sea, ceded India to the Asia and Oceania region, and went into partnership with North Africa as far as the Atlantic. Title: Girl Passage: Gender influences the pattern of child labor. Girls tend to be asked by their families to perform more domestic work in their parental home than boys are, and often at younger ages than boys. Employment as a paid domestic worker is the most common form of child labor for girls. In some places, such as East and Southeast Asia, parents often see work as a domestic servant as a good preparation for marriage. Domestic service, however, is among the least regulated of all professions, and exposes workers to serious risks, such as violence, exploitation and abuse by the employers, because the workers are often isolated from the outside world. Child labor has a very negative effect on education. Girls either stop their education, or, when they continue it, they are often subjected to a double burden, or a triple burden of work outside the home, housework in the parental home, and schoolwork. This situation is common in places such as parts of Asia and Latin America. Title: Communications in Somalia Passage: After the start of the civil war, various new telecommunications companies began to spring up in the country and competed to provide missing infrastructure. Somalia now offers some of the most technologically advanced and competitively priced telecommunications and internet services in the world. Funded by Somali entrepreneurs and backed by expertise from China, Korea and Europe, these nascent telecommunications firms offer affordable mobile phone and internet services that are not available in many other parts of the continent. Customers can conduct money transfers (such as through the popular Dahabshiil) and other banking activities via mobile phones, as well as easily gain wireless Internet access. Title: Chemical Weapons Convention Passage: As of May 2018, 193 states have become parties to the CWC and accept its obligations. Israel has signed but not ratified the agreement, while three other UN member states (Egypt, North Korea and South Sudan) have neither signed nor acceded to the treaty. Most recently, the State of Palestine deposited its instrument of accession to the CWC on 17 May 2018. In September 2013 Syria acceded to the convention as part of an agreement for the destruction of Syria's chemical weapons.As of November 2018, 96.62% of the world's declared chemical weapons stockpiles had been destroyed. The convention has provisions for systematic evaluation of chemical production facilities, as well as for investigations of allegations of use and production of chemical weapons based on intelligence of other state parties. Title: Earth Passage: Earth's lithosphere is divided into several rigid tectonic plates that migrate across the surface over periods of many millions of years. About 71% of Earth's surface is covered with water, mostly by oceans. The remaining 29% is land consisting of continents and islands that together have many lakes, rivers and other sources of water that contribute to the hydrosphere. The majority of Earth's polar regions are covered in ice, including the Antarctic ice sheet and the sea ice of the Arctic ice pack. Earth's interior remains active with a solid iron inner core, a liquid outer core that generates the Earth's magnetic field, and a convecting mantle that drives plate tectonics. Title: Continent Passage: A continent is one of several very large landmasses of the world. Generally identified by convention rather than any strict criteria, up to seven regions are commonly regarded as continents. Ordered from largest in size to smallest, they are: Asia, Africa, North America, South America, Antarctica, Europe, and Australia. Title: East Africa Passage: East Africa or Eastern Africa is the easterly region of the African continent, variably defined by geography or geopolitics. In the United Nations Statistics Division scheme of geographic regions, 20 territories constitute Eastern Africa: Title: Africa Passage: Africa is the world's second largest and second most - populous continent (behind Asia in both categories). At about 30.3 million km (11.7 million square miles) including adjacent islands, it covers 6% of Earth's total surface area and 20% of its land area. With 1.2 billion people as of 2016, it accounts for about 16% of the world's human population. The continent is surrounded by the Mediterranean Sea to the north, the Isthmus of Suez and the Red Sea to the northeast, the Indian Ocean to the southeast and the Atlantic Ocean to the west. The continent includes Madagascar and various archipelagos. It contains 54 fully recognised sovereign states (countries), nine territories and two de facto independent states with limited or no recognition. The majority of the continent and its countries are in the Northern Hemisphere, with a substantial portion and number of countries in the Southern Hemisphere. Title: Lee Eui-geun Passage: Lee Eui-geun (7 November 1938 – 21 April 2009) is the governor of Gyeongsangbuk-do, a province in eastern South Korea. He is a member of the Hannara party. He has served three consecutive terms in the position, beginning in 1995. His name has been mentioned as a possible future candidate for prime minister. Title: Kalanti Passage: Kalanti (, officially "Uusikirkko Tl" during 1915–1936) is a former municipality in Southwest Finland region, Finland. Kalanti is first mentioned in historical sources 1332. It was merged with Uusikaupunki in 1993. Title: History of science Passage: Theophrastus wrote some of the earliest descriptions of plants and animals, establishing the first taxonomy and looking at minerals in terms of their properties such as hardness. Pliny the Elder produced what is one of the largest encyclopedias of the natural world in 77 AD, and must be regarded as the rightful successor to Theophrastus. For example, he accurately describes the octahedral shape of the diamond, and proceeds to mention that diamond dust is used by engravers to cut and polish other gems owing to its great hardness. His recognition of the importance of crystal shape is a precursor to modern crystallography, while mention of numerous other minerals presages mineralogy. He also recognises that other minerals have characteristic crystal shapes, but in one example, confuses the crystal habit with the work of lapidaries. He was also the first to recognise that amber was a fossilized resin from pine trees because he had seen samples with trapped insects within them. Title: South America Passage: Brazil is the largest country in South America, encompassing around half of the continent's land area and population. The remaining countries and territories are divided among three regions: The Andean States, the Guianas and the Southern Cone. Title: Fold mountains Passage: Fold mountains form when two tectonic plates move towards each other at a convergent plate boundary. Fold mountains form from sedimentary rocks that accumulate along the margins of continents. When plates and the continents riding on them collide, the accumulated layers of rock may crumple and fold like a tablecloth that is pushed across a table, particularly if there is a mechanically weak layer such as salt. They are also present in south africa, in many regions of the Western cape province. Title: National Pan-Hellenic Council Passage: National Pan-Hellenic Council Data Established 1930 Members 9 Continent North America Country United States Headquarters Decatur, Georgia Organization type Coalition of members Title: United Nations Regional Groups Passage: the African Group, with 54 member states the Asia - Pacific Group, with 53 member states the Eastern European Group, with 23 member states the Latin American and Caribbean Group (GRULAC), with 33 member states the Western European and Others Group (WEOG), with 28 member states, plus 1 member state (the United States) as an observer state.	[ "Girl", "United Nations Regional Groups", "Chemical Weapons Convention" ]
In what country is Conran, in the state where the author of Burnt Norton resided, found?	U.S.	[ "United States", "US", "U.S", "America" ]	Title: Burnt House, West Virginia Passage: Burnt House is an unincorporated community in Ritchie County, West Virginia, United States. Burnt House is located on West Virginia Route 47 and Grassy Run south-southeast of Harrisville. The Burnt House Post Office closed 5/23/1986. Title: W. W. Norton & Company Passage: W.W. Norton & Company is an American publishing company based in New York City. It has been owned wholly by its employees since the early 1960s. The company is known for its ``Norton Anthologies ''(particularly The Norton Anthology of English Literature) and its texts in the Norton Critical Editions series, the latter of which are frequently assigned in university literature courses. Title: Norton, Virginia Passage: Norton is an independent city in the Commonwealth of Virginia. As of the 2010 census, the population was 3,958, making it the least populous city in Virginia, along with the westernmost. The Bureau of Economic Analysis combines the city of Norton with surrounding Wise County for statistical purposes. Title: John Bruce Norton Passage: John Bruce Norton (8 July 1815 – 13 July 1883) was a British lawyer and educationist who served as the Advocate-General of Madras Presidency. He was the father of lawyer and Indian independence activist Eardley Norton. Title: Yeerung River Passage: Formed by the confluence of the Yeerung River West Branch and the Yeerung River East Branch, the Yeerung River rises in the Cape Conran Coastal Park, and flows generally south before reaching its mouth with Bass Strait, east of Cape Conran in the Shire of East Gippsland. The river descends over its course. Title: Burnt Norton Passage: Burnt Norton is the first poem of T. S. Eliot's "Four Quartets". He created it while working on his play "Murder in the Cathedral" and it was first published in his "Collected Poems 1909–1935" (1936). The poem's title refers to a Cotswolds manor house Eliot visited. The manor's garden served as an important image within the poem. Structurally, the poem is based on Eliot's "The Waste Land" with passages of the poem related to those excised from "Murder in the Cathedral". Title: In the Valley of the Kings Passage: In the Valley of the Kings: Stories is a collection of short stories by the American author, doctor and former professor Terrence Holt. It was published on September 14, 2009 by W. W. Norton & Company. Title: Burnt River, Ontario Passage: Burnt River is a hamlet located in the middle of the former Township of Somerville, in the City of Kawartha Lakes, Ontario, Canada. The community is on the Burnt River. Title: Immigration to Australia Passage: At the 2016 census, 26% of the Australian resident population, or 6,163,667 people, were born overseas. The Australian resident population consists of people who were born in the following countries: Title: Eunice Norton Passage: Norton was born in Minneapolis, Minnesota. She studied as a child at the University of Minnesota with William Lindsay, who later introduced her to Dame Myra Hess. Hess was so impressed with the 15-year-old Norton's playing that she arranged for Norton to study in England in 1923 with Hess's own mentor, the famed pedagogue Tobias Matthay, with whom Norton would remain in association for 8 years. Title: So Graham Norton Passage: So Graham Norton is a British television chat show hosted by Irish personality Graham Norton. It aired on Channel 4 from 3 July 1998 to 1 March 2002. Title: Burnt Oak tube station Passage: Burnt Oak is a London Underground station in Burnt Oak, north London, on Watling Avenue, off the A5 (the Edgware Road, originally a Roman Road known as Watling Street). The station is on the Edgware branch of the Northern line, between Edgware and Colindale stations, and in Travelcard Zone 4. Title: Ralph Hubbard Norton Passage: Ralph Hubbard Norton (1875–1953), born in Chicago, was an art collector and museum founder. Norton's use of an endowment was innovative and novel at the time he set it up to support the museum he established in perpetuity. He was inducted into the Florida Artist Hall of Fame in 1994. Title: The Real Hustle Passage: The Real Hustle is a BBC British television series created by Objective Productions, Alexis Conran and R. Paul Wilson for BBC Three. The show demonstrates confidence and magic tricks, distraction scams and proposition bets performed on members of the public by hosts Alexis Conran and Paul Wilson with "sexy swindler" Jessica-Jane Clement. From series 10, entitled "New Recruits", Jazz Lintott and Polly Parsons joined the hustlers. Title: Twycross Zoo Passage: Twycross Zoo was established by Molly Badham and Nathalie Evans in 1963. The pair had been looking for a suitable site to expand their zoological collection, having outgrown their original site at Hints, Staffordshire where they had set up Hints Zoological Gardens in 1954. The zoo was initially based at the former rectory in the village of Norton Juxta Twycross. Having long since ceased functioning as a rectory, the house became a private residence known as Norton Grange. Badham and Evans converted the 12 acres of gardens, outbuildings, stables and farm buildings into a zoo. Title: Conran, Missouri Passage: Conran is an unincorporated community in eastern New Madrid County, Missouri, United States. It is located about ten miles southwest of New Madrid on U.S. Route 61. Title: The Graham Norton Show Passage: The Graham Norton Show is a British comedy chat show presented by Graham Norton. It was initially broadcast on BBC Two, from 22 February 2007, before moving to BBC One in October 2009. It currently airs on Friday evenings, and is usually repeated a few nights later. Title: Lucinda Bruce-Gardyne Passage: Lucinda Bruce-Gardyne studied Physiology at the University of London. After graduation, she trained at Leiths School of Food and Wine in London and worked as a section chef at Terence Conran's restaurant Bibendum. In 1998, she returned to teach at Leiths, where she was commissioned to write the "Leiths Techniques Bible". Title: T. S. Eliot Prize (Truman State University) Passage: The T. S. Eliot Prize for Poetry is awarded annually by Truman State University, which is a United States university located in Missouri. First awarded in 1997, the prize is given "for the best unpublished book-length collection of poetry in English, in honor of native Missourian T. S. Eliot’s considerable intellectual and artistic legacy". Eliot won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1948. The prize includes publication of the collection as well as a purse of $2000. Poets submit their unpublished collections to Truman State University Press for each year's competition. A well-known poet is chosen each year to judge the collections, and to select the winner and several finalists. Title: Norton Reservoir Passage: The Norton Reservoir is a lake/reservoir/pond within the towns of Norton and Mansfield, in southeastern Massachusetts. The Rumford River empties out into the reservoir.	[ "T. S. Eliot Prize (Truman State University)", "Burnt Norton", "Conran, Missouri" ]
Where did the period in history when anatomical studies of nerves greatly increase begin in the continent of Segrate?	seemingly in Italy	[ "Italy", "ITA", "IT", "it" ]	Title: Middle Ages Passage: In European history, the Middle Ages or medieval period lasted from the 5th to the 15th century. It began with the collapse of the Western Roman Empire and merged into the Renaissance and the Age of Discovery. The Middle Ages is the middle period of the three traditional divisions of Western history: Antiquity, Medieval period, and Modern period. The Medieval period is itself subdivided into the Early, the High, and the Late Middle Ages. Title: Brain Passage: The Roman physician Galen also argued for the importance of the brain, and theorized in some depth about how it might work. Galen traced out the anatomical relationships among brain, nerves, and muscles, demonstrating that all muscles in the body are connected to the brain through a branching network of nerves. He postulated that nerves activate muscles mechanically by carrying a mysterious substance he called pneumata psychikon, usually translated as "animal spirits". Galen's ideas were widely known during the Middle Ages, but not much further progress came until the Renaissance, when detailed anatomical study resumed, combined with the theoretical speculations of René Descartes and those who followed him. Descartes, like Galen, thought of the nervous system in hydraulic terms. He believed that the highest cognitive functions are carried out by a non-physical res cogitans, but that the majority of behaviors of humans, and all behaviors of animals, could be explained mechanistically. Title: Renaissance Passage: The Renaissance (UK: / rɪˈneɪsəns /, US: / rɛnəˈsɑːns /) is a period in European history, covering the span between the 14th and 17th centuries. It is an extension of the Middle Ages, and is bridged by the Age of Enlightenment to modern history. It grew in fragments, with the very first traces found seemingly in Italy, coming to cover much of Europe, for some scholars marking the beginning of the modern age. Title: Lateral cutaneous nerve of thigh Passage: Lateral cutaneous nerve of thigh Plan of lumbar plexus. (Lateral femoral cutaneous visible at left.) Cutaneous nerves of the right lower extremity. Front and posterior views. Details From lumbar plexus (L2 -- L3) Innervates Skin on the lateral part of the thigh Identifiers Latin nervus cutaneus femoris lateralis TA A14. 2.07. 011 FMA 16485 Anatomical terms of neuroanatomy (edit on Wikidata) Title: Segrate Passage: Although it is a small town, Segrate hosts large structures such as the CILEA Interuniversity Consortium, among the most advanced supercomputing centers in Europe, and the San Raffaele Hospital. Segrate received the honorary title of city with a presidential decree on 23 June 1989. Title: Glacier Passage: Mean speeds vary greatly, but is typically around 1 m (3 ft) per day. There may be no motion in stagnant areas; for example, in parts of Alaska, trees can establish themselves on surface sediment deposits. In other cases, glaciers can move as fast as 20–30 m (70–100 ft) per day, such as in Greenland's Jakobshavn Isbræ (Greenlandic: Sermeq Kujalleq). Velocity increases with increasing slope, increasing thickness, increasing snowfall, increasing longitudinal confinement, increasing basal temperature, increasing meltwater production and reduced bed hardness. Title: Brain Passage: Most of the space in the brain is taken up by axons, which are often bundled together in what are called nerve fiber tracts. A myelinated axon is wrapped in a fatty insulating sheath of myelin, which serves to greatly increase the speed of signal propagation. (There are also unmyelinated axons). Myelin is white, making parts of the brain filled exclusively with nerve fibers appear as light-colored white matter, in contrast to the darker-colored grey matter that marks areas with high densities of neuron cell bodies. Title: European migrant crisis Passage: The European migrant crisis, or the European refugee crisis, is a term given to a period beginning in 2015 when rising numbers of people arrived in the European Union (EU), travelling across the Mediterranean Sea or overland through Southeast Europe. It is part of a pattern of increased immigration to Europe from other continents which began in the late 20th century and which has encountered resistance in many European countries. Title: John Hare (bishop) Passage: He was educated at Brighton College and Corpus Christi College, Oxford. After a period of study at Ripon College Cuddesdon he was ordained in 1937 and began his career with a curacy at "St Francis of Assisi, West Bromwich " followed by a period as Vicar of "St Matthias, Colindale". In 1951 he began a long association with the Bedford area, being successively Rural Dean, Archdeacon of Bedford and then Suffragan Bishop. He died in post on 25 October 1976. Title: Thurian Age Passage: The Thurian Age is a specific epoch in the fictional timeline used by Robert E. Howard in his Kull stories. It predates the Hyborian Age of the Conan the Barbarian stories and is known to them as the "Pre-Cataclysmic Age". The main continent is called Thuria, although smaller continents such as Atlantis and an unnamed eastern continent exist, as do several island chains. Most of the world is unexplored wilderness inhabited by "scattered clans and tribes of primitive savages." The boundary between the two ages is marked by the "Great Cataclysm," which might have taken place as early as ca. 35,000 to 40,000 B.C, or as recently as 18,000 B.C. depending on the sources considered. When Robert E. Howard began to chronicle the adventures of Conan the Cimmerian, in the early 1930s, he prepared a fictional history of the Hyborian Age which he had created. That "history" dealt not only with the period during and after Conan's life, but also with events some eight thousand years earlier, during the Thurian civilization which produced King Kull, an exiled warrior from Atlantis, in the days before his continent sank into the surging seas. Title: History of Australia Passage: A First Fleet of British ships arrived at Botany Bay in January 1788 to establish a penal colony, the first colony on the Australian mainland. In the century that followed, the British established other colonies on the continent, and European explorers ventured into its interior. Indigenous Australians were greatly weakened and their numbers diminished by introduced diseases and conflict with the colonists during this period. Title: Race (human categorization) Passage: Morning (2008) looked at high school biology textbooks during the 1952-2002 period and initially found a similar pattern with only 35% directly discussing race in the 1983–92 period from initially 92% doing so. However, this has increased somewhat after this to 43%. More indirect and brief discussions of race in the context of medical disorders have increased from none to 93% of textbooks. In general, the material on race has moved from surface traits to genetics and evolutionary history. The study argues that the textbooks' fundamental message about the existence of races has changed little. Title: Geological history of Earth Passage: The Ordovician Period started at a major extinction event called the Cambrian-Ordovician extinction events some time about 485.4 ± 1.9 Ma. During the Ordovician the southern continents were collected into a single continent called Gondwana. Gondwana started the period in the equatorial latitudes and, as the period progressed, drifted toward the South Pole. Early in the Ordovician the continents Laurentia, Siberia and Baltica were still independent continents (since the break-up of the supercontinent Pannotia earlier), but Baltica began to move toward Laurentia later in the period, causing the Iapetus Ocean to shrink between them. Also, Avalonia broke free from Gondwana and began to head north toward Laurentia. The Rheic Ocean was formed as a result of this. By the end of the period, Gondwana had neared or approached the pole and was largely glaciated. Title: History of science Passage: Political science is a late arrival in terms of social sciences[citation needed]. However, the discipline has a clear set of antecedents such as moral philosophy, political philosophy, political economy, history, and other fields concerned with normative determinations of what ought to be and with deducing the characteristics and functions of the ideal form of government. The roots of politics are in prehistory. In each historic period and in almost every geographic area, we can find someone studying politics and increasing political understanding. Title: Archaic Greece Passage: Archaic Greece was the period in Greek history lasting from the eighth century BC to the second Persian invasion of Greece in 480 BC, following the Greek Dark Ages and succeeded by the Classical period. The period began with a massive increase in the Greek population and a series of significant changes which rendered the Greek world at the end of the eighth century as entirely unrecognisable as compared to its beginning. According to Anthony Snodgrass, the Archaic period in ancient Greece was bounded by two revolutions in the Greek world. It began with a ``structural revolution ''which`` drew the political map of the Greek world'' and established the poleis, the distinctively Greek city - states, and ended with the intellectual revolution of the Classical period. Title: Small intestine Passage: Small Intestine Diagram showing the small intestine and surrounding structures Details Artery Superior mesenteric artery Vein Hepatic portal vein Nerve Celiac ganglia, vagus Lymph Intestinal lymph trunk Identifiers Latin Intestinum tenue MeSH A03. 556.124. 684 Code 4453467 Dorlands / Elsevier Small intestine r TA A05. 6.01. 001 FMA 7200 Anatomical terminology (edit on Wikidata) Title: Mesozoic Passage: Sea levels began to rise during the Jurassic, which was probably caused by an increase in seafloor spreading. The formation of new crust beneath the surface displaced ocean waters by as much as 200 m (656 ft) more than today, which flooded coastal areas. Furthermore, Pangaea began to rift into smaller divisions, bringing more land area in contact with the ocean by forming the Tethys Sea. Temperatures continued to increase and began to stabilize. Humidity also increased with the proximity of water, and deserts retreated. Title: Brain Passage: The first vertebrates appeared over 500 million years ago (Mya), during the Cambrian period, and may have resembled the modern hagfish in form. Sharks appeared about 450 Mya, amphibians about 400 Mya, reptiles about 350 Mya, and mammals about 200 Mya. Each species has an equally long evolutionary history, but the brains of modern hagfishes, lampreys, sharks, amphibians, reptiles, and mammals show a gradient of size and complexity that roughly follows the evolutionary sequence. All of these brains contain the same set of basic anatomical components, but many are rudimentary in the hagfish, whereas in mammals the foremost part (the telencephalon) is greatly elaborated and expanded. Title: Quadriceps femoris muscle Passage: Quadriceps femoris muscle Quadriceps femoris, with different muscles in different colors. rectus femoris - blue vastus lateralis - yellow vastus intermedius - green vastus medialis - red Details Origin Combined rectus femoris and vastus muscles Insertion Tibial tuberosity Artery Femoral artery Nerve Femoral nerve Actions Knee extension; Hip flexion (Rectus femoris only) Identifiers Latin Musculus quadriceps femoris Dorlands / Elsevier Quadriceps femoris muscle TA A04. 7.02. 017 FMA 22428 Anatomical terms of muscle (edit on Wikidata) Title: History of Australia Passage: A First Fleet of British ships arrived at Botany Bay in January 1788 to establish a penal colony. In the century that followed, the British established other colonies on the continent, and European explorers ventured into its interior. Indigenous Australians were greatly weakened and their numbers diminished by introduced diseases and conflict with the colonists during this period.	[ "Brain", "Renaissance", "Segrate" ]
When did the manufacturer of Aspen Soda change from sugar to corn syrup?	the 1980s	[]	Title: Es teler Passage: Es Teler is a fruit cocktail from Indonesia. Avocado, coconut meat, cincau, jackfruit and other fruits are served with coconut milk, sweetened condensed milk, "Pandanus amaryllifolius" leaf (normally in the form of cocopandan syrup), sugar, and a tiny amount of salt. Title: Glass Passage: Fused quartz is a glass made from chemically-pure SiO2 (silica). It has excellent thermal shock characteristics, being able to survive immersion in water while red hot. However, its high melting-temperature (1723 °C) and viscosity make it difficult to work with. Normally, other substances are added to simplify processing. One is sodium carbonate (Na2CO3, "soda"), which lowers the glass transition temperature. The soda makes the glass water-soluble, which is usually undesirable, so lime (calcium oxide [CaO], generally obtained from limestone), some magnesium oxide (MgO) and aluminium oxide (Al2O3) are added to provide for a better chemical durability. The resulting glass contains about 70 to 74% silica by weight and is called a soda-lime glass. Soda-lime glasses account for about 90% of manufactured glass. Title: Red Passage: During the summer growing season, phosphate is at a high level. It has a vital role in the breakdown of the sugars manufactured by chlorophyll. But in the fall, phosphate, along with the other chemicals and nutrients, moves out of the leaf into the stem of the plant. When this happens, the sugar-breakdown process changes, leading to the production of anthocyanin pigments. The brighter the light during this period, the greater the production of anthocyanins and the more brilliant the resulting color display. When the days of autumn are bright and cool, and the nights are chilly but not freezing, the brightest colorations usually develop. Title: Soda Springs (near Boonville), Mendocino County, California Passage: Soda Springs (also, Soda Spring and Singleys Soda Spring) is an unincorporated community in Mendocino County, California. It is located northeast of Boonville, at an elevation of 1388 feet (423 m). Title: Aspen Soda Passage: Aspen Soda was an apple-flavored soft drink sold across the United States by PepsiCo from 1978 until 1982. In 1984, PepsiCo came out with a replacement apple soda under its new Slice line. Title: La Fave Block Passage: The La Fave Block is located at the intersection of East Cooper Avenue and South Hunter Street in Aspen, Colorado, United States. It is a brick commercial building erected in the late 1880s, during the initial mining boom that created Aspen. Today it is the second oldest brick commercial building in the city, and, along with its neighbors on East Cooper, the only structure left built by Frank LaFave, one of Aspen's early settlers. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1987. Title: Kola Shaler Passage: Kola Shaler is a cola soft drink manufactured in Nicaragua by a company called "Kola Shaler Industrial", founded by David Robleto Aleman. Kola Shaler ingredients are imported from England. It is lower in sugar and carbonation compared to others soft drinks. Title: Shamishi Passage: Shamishi are semolina fried pies that have been produced in Cyprus since at least the 19th century and they are considered a traditional delicacy of the cuisine of Cyprus. Shamishi are known as a dessert that is served hot in special occasions such as weddings and local religious feasts usually along with loukoumades and water and it is a variety of fried pastry filled with halva and semolina. In addition to halva and semolina, shamishi includes ingredients like flour, water, sugar, mastic, oil (corn or groundnut oil), salt, among others. Title: Imelletty perunalaatikko Passage: Sweetened potato casserole (Finnish "imelletty perunalaatikko") is a traditional Finnish dish from Päijät-Häme, eaten elsewhere in Finland at Christmastime. It is prepared by letting puréed potatoes, mixed with wheat flour, stand at a temperature of around 50°C (122°F). The amylase in the flour will start to break down the potato’s starches to shorter carbohydrate chains, that is sugars. The temperature cannot exceed 75°C (167°F); otherwise, the amylase molecules will break down. Through this process, the dish gets its distinct sweet flavour; nowadays, however, dark syrup (Finnish "tumma siirappi") can be added to give it sweetness. Dark syrup is made from sugarcane and it's the most common type of syrup in Finland. It has a similar taste to molasses, but is sweeter. Title: Punjab, Pakistan Passage: Despite the lack of a coastline, Punjab is the most industrialised province of Pakistan; its manufacturing industries produce textiles, sports goods, heavy machinery, electrical appliances, surgical instruments, vehicles, auto parts, metals, sugar mill plants, aircraft, cement, agricultural machinery, bicycles and rickshaws, floor coverings, and processed foods. In 2003, the province manufactured 90% of the paper and paper boards, 71% of the fertilizers, 69% of the sugar and 40% of the cement of Pakistan. Title: A&W Cream Soda Passage: A&W Cream Soda is a cream soda carbonated soft drink introduced by A&W Root Beer in 1986. A&W Root Beer was first sold at a Veterans Day parade in Lodi, California in 1919 and the company established in 1922 by Frank Wright and Roy Allen. The first product they created was A & W Root Beer. It was not until 1986 that A&W Brands, headquartered in White Plains, N.Y. introduced A&W Cream Soda and A&W Diet Cream Soda through its network of franchised bottlers and distributors. Although cream soda had been created in 1852 by E.M. Sheldon, A&W Brands was one of the first American companies to make it commercially. In 1993, A&W Brands was purchased by Cadbury/Schweppes, and in 1995 Cadbury/Schweppes purchased the Dr. Pepper/Seven-Up Company, which made A&W a part of the Dr. Pepper/Seven Up, Inc. In 2001, DPSU purchased the Snapple Beverage Group (formally TriArc Beverages), and moved the New York-based company operations to its new headquarters in Plano, Texas. This acquisition put A&W within the same company as the top soda brand companies and made A&W Cream Soda the top brand in cream sodas. Title: Cocoa Puffs Passage: Cocoa Puffs is a brand of chocolate-flavored puffed grain breakfast cereal, manufactured by General Mills. Introduced in 1958, the cereal consists of small orbs of corn, oats, and rice flavored with cocoa. Essentially, Cocoa Puffs are Kix cereal with chocolate flavoring; similarly, Trix has been, for most of its existence, fruit-flavored Kix. Title: High-fructose corn syrup Passage: High - fructose corn syrup (HFCS) (also called glucose - fructose, isoglucose and glucose - fructose syrup) is a sweetener made from corn starch that has been processed by glucose isomerase to convert some of its glucose into fructose. HFCS was first marketed in the early 1970s by the Clinton Corn Processing Company, together with the Japanese Agency of Industrial Science and Technology where the enzyme was discovered in 1965. Title: Aachener Printen Passage: Aachener Printen are a type of Lebkuchen originating from the city of Aachen in Germany. Somewhat similar to gingerbread, Printen were originally sweetened with honey, but for two centuries the tradition is to use a syrup made from sugar beets. Title: Prince of Wales (cocktail) Passage: The Prince of Wales is a cocktail created by Albert Edward, Prince of Wales, who later becomes King Edward VII. There are several variations of the cocktail, but what they usually have in common is champagne, angostura bitters, sugar (or simple syrup), either rye whiskey or cognac, and a liqueur. Title: Cott Passage: Cott Beverage Corporation was founded in 1923 by Solomon Cott, a Polish immigrant, and his son Harry, in Port Chester, New York. Harry Pencer, a clothier from Montreal, Quebec, Canada, began to import Cott sodas into Quebec, Canada, in 1952. In 1955 Pencer acquired the Canadian rights to the Cott label and established Cott Beverages (Canada) Ltd., to bottle the Cott line of sodas. From 1976 to 1991, Cott expanded its distribution throughout Canada and back into the U.S. and into Europe. In 1969, the name was changed to Cott Beverages Ltd., and in 1991 to Cott Corporation. Title: Maple liqueur Passage: Maple liqueur refers to various alcoholic products made from maple syrup, primarily in the Northeast United States and Canada. It is most commonly made by mixing Canadian rye whiskey and Canadian maple syrup. Maple liqueur is considered an important cultural beverage in certain Canadian festivals. Title: Pepsi-Cola Made with Real Sugar Passage: The Pepsi - Cola Made with Real Sugar, formerly called Throwback, is a brand of soft drink sold by PepsiCo in the United States and in sweet stores in South Australia for its flagship Pepsi and Mountain Dew brands. The drinks, called Pepsi Throwback and Mountain Dew Throwback, are named as such because they are flavored with cane sugar and beet sugar instead of high fructose corn syrup, which soft drink companies used to replace sugar (in their North American products) in the 1980s. In addition, these drinks use retro packaging. As of June 2014, Pepsi Throwback has been replaced in one area of the United States by ``Pepsi - Cola Made with Real Sugar '', a new product formulation, also made without high fructose corn syrup. Title: Valtra Passage: Valtra is a manufacturer of tractors and agricultural machinery and forms part of the AGCO Corporation. Valtra tractors are manufactured in Suolahti, Finland, and Mogi das Cruzes, Brazil. Valtra’s products in the Brazilian market also include combine harvesters, sugar cane harvesters, self-propelled sprayers and seed drills. Title: Heaven Hill Passage: Deep Eddy Vodka Distillery is a distillery in Dripping Springs, Texas that manufactures vodka products made of south Texas corn using continuous distillation in a column still. Dripping Springs is not a part of Austin, Texas, but is, in fact, a separate town.	[ "Aspen Soda", "Pepsi-Cola Made with Real Sugar" ]
When does monsoon season end in the state where Pueblo Alto islocated?	mid-September	[]	Title: São Gotardo Passage: São Gotardo is a Brazilian municipality located in the northwest of the state of Minas Gerais. Its population as of 2007 was 30,757 people and its land area is 854 km. The city belongs to the mesoregion of Triângulo Mineiro e Alto Paranaiba and to the microregion of Patos de Minas. It became a municipality in 1915. Title: Campos Altos Passage: Campos Altos is a Brazilian municipality located in the west of the state of Minas Gerais. Its population was estimated to be 13,184 people living in a total area of 719 km². The city belongs to the mesoregion of Triângulo Mineiro and Alto Paranaíba and to the micro-region of Araxá. It became a municipality in 1944. Title: RuPaul's Drag Race (season 5) Passage: The winner of the fifth season of RuPaul's Drag Race was Jinkx Monsoon, with Alaska and Roxxxy Andrews being the runners - up. Title: Romaria Passage: Romaria is a Brazilian municipality located in the northwest of the state of Minas Gerais. Its population as of 2007 was 3,566 people living in a total area of 402 km². The city belongs to the mesoregion of Triângulo Mineiro e Alto Paranaiba and to the microregion of Patrocínio. It became a municipality in 1962. Title: Nepal Passage: Nepal experiences five seasons: summer, monsoon, autumn, winter and spring. The Himalaya blocks cold winds from Central Asia in the winter and forms the northern limit of the monsoon wind patterns. In a land once thickly forested, deforestation is a major problem in all regions, with resulting erosion and degradation of ecosystems. Title: Tucson, Arizona Passage: Tucson has a desert climate (Köppen BWh), with two major seasons, summer and winter; plus three minor seasons: fall, spring, and the monsoon. Tucson averages 11.8 inches (299.7 mm) of precipitation per year, more than most other locations with desert climates, but it still qualifies due to its high evapotranspiration; in other words, it experiences a high net loss of water. A similar scenario is seen in Alice Springs, Australia, which averages 11 inches (279.4 mm) a year, but has a desert climate. Title: Araporã Passage: Araporã is a Brazilian municipality located in the west of the state of Minas Gerais. Its population was 6,113 people living in a total area of . The city belongs to the statistical mesoregion of Triângulo Mineiro and Alto Paranaíba and to the microregion of Uberlândia. It became a municipality in 1992. Title: Barão de Monte Alto Passage: Barão de Monte Alto is a Brazilian municipality located in the state of Minas Gerais. Its population in 2010 was estimated to be 5,727 people living in a total area of 199.105 km². The city belongs to the mesoregion of Zona da Mata and to the microregion of Muriaé. Title: Alto Gállego Passage: Alto Gállego (Aragonese: "Alto Galligo") is a comarca located in the north of the autonomous community of Aragón, Spain. It occupies practically the entirety of the upper basin of the Río Gállego. Title: Climate of India Passage: Post-monsoon or autumn season, lasting from October to November. In the northwest of India, October and November are usually cloudless. Tamil Nadu receives most of its annual precipitation in the northeast monsoon season. Title: Peñasco Blanco Passage: Peñasco Blanco ("White Bluff" in Spanish) is a Chacoan Ancestral Puebloan great house and notable archaeological site located in Chaco Canyon, a canyon in San Juan County, New Mexico, United States. The pueblo consists of an arc-shaped room block, part of an oval enclosing a plaza and great kiva, along with two great kivas outside the great house. The pueblo was built atop the canyon's southern rim to the northwest of the great houses in the main section of the canyon. The building was constructed in five distinct stages between AD 900 and 1125. A cliff painting (the "Supernova Pictograph") nearby may record the sighting of a supernova on July 5, 1054 AD. Title: Territory Wildlife Park Passage: The Territory Wildlife Park is a zoo at Berry Springs in the Northern Territory of Australia, some (about a 45 minutes drive) south of Darwin. It opened in 1989. Situated on 400 ha of natural bushland, it contains native animals and plants representative of Northern Territory, and especially Top End tropical monsoonal, environments. It contributes to their conservation through research programs as well as through public education. The three main habitats represented are woodland, wetland and monsoon vine forest. Title: Penn Alto Building Passage: The Penn Alto Building is a landmark building located in downtown Altoona, Pennsylvania, United States. The building is nine stories high and has a partial tenth floor penthouse. The name of the building remains the same, even though its usage has changed over time. The name changed from the Penn Alto Hotel to Penn Alto Apartments when it changed from strictly being a hotel to a residential hotel, which rents both apartments and hotel rooms. The current name is City Hall Commons, deriving its name from its proximity to City Hall, which is just across the street. Title: Nova Ponte Passage: Nova Ponte is a Brazilian municipality located in the west of the state of Minas Gerais. Its population as of 2007 was estimated to be 11,586 people living in a total area of 1,105 km². The city belongs to the mesoregion of Triângulo Mineiro and Alto Paranaíba and to the micro-region of Araxá. It became a municipality in 1938. Title: Apache Creek, New Mexico Passage: Apache Creek is a census-designated place in Catron County, New Mexico, United States. As of the 2010 census it had a population of 67. Located northeast of Cruzville, it is situated at the confluence of Apache Creek and the Tularosa River. The Apache Creek Pueblo, also called the "Apache Creek Ruin", is near the town. It was listed by the New Mexico Historic Preservation Commission in 1969. Title: North American Monsoon Passage: The North American monsoon, variously known as the Southwest monsoon, the Mexican monsoon, the New Mexican monsoon, or the Arizona monsoon, is a pattern of pronounced increase in thunderstorms and rainfall over large areas of the southwestern United States and northwestern Mexico, typically occurring between July and mid September. During the monsoon, thunderstorms are fueled by daytime heating and build up during the late afternoon - early evening. Typically, these storms dissipate by late night, and the next day starts out fair, with the cycle repeating daily. The monsoon typically loses its energy by mid-September when drier and cooler conditions are reestablished over the region. Geographically, the North American monsoon precipitation region is centered over the Sierra Madre Occidental in the Mexican states of Sinaloa, Durango, Sonora and Chihuahua. Title: Matadero Creek Passage: Matadero Creek is a stream originating in the foothills of the Santa Cruz Mountains in Santa Clara County, California, United States. The creek flows in a northeasterly direction for until it enters the Palo Alto Flood Basin, where it joins Adobe Creek in the Palo Alto Baylands at the north end of the Mayfield Slough, just before its culmination in southwest San Francisco Bay. Matadero Creek begins in the city of Los Altos Hills, then traverses the Stanford University lands and Palo Alto. Title: Southeast Asia Passage: The climate in Southeast Asia is mainly tropical–hot and humid all year round with plentiful rainfall. Northern Vietnam and the Myanmar Himalayas are the only regions in Southeast Asia that feature a subtropical climate, which has a cold winter with snow. The majority of Southeast Asia has a wet and dry season caused by seasonal shift in winds or monsoon. The tropical rain belt causes additional rainfall during the monsoon season. The rain forest is the second largest on earth (with the Amazon being the largest). An exception to this type of climate and vegetation is the mountain areas in the northern region, where high altitudes lead to milder temperatures and drier landscape. Other parts fall out of this climate because they are desert like. Title: Pueblo Alto Passage: Pueblo Alto ("High Village" in Spanish) is an Ancestral Puebloan great house and archaeological site located in Chaco Culture National Historical Park, northwestern New Mexico, United States. The complex, comprising 89 rooms in a single-story layout, is located on a mesa top near the middle of Chaco Canyon; 0.6 miles (1 km) from Pueblo Bonito, it was begun between AD 1020 and 1050. Its location made the community visible to most of the inhabitants of the San Juan Basin; indeed, it was only 2.3 miles (3.7 km) north of Tsin Kletsin, on the opposite side of the canyon. The community was the center of a bead- and turquoise-processing industry that influenced the development of all villages in the canyon; chert tool production was also common. It shares its mesa with another great house, Nuevo Alto, both of which are now protected within the borders of Chaco Culture National Historical Park. Storerooms at Pueblo Alto opened to the outside rather than into the interior rooms and there was a huge midden of pottery. This and chert found in the midden came mostly from the Chuska area 70 km (43 mi) to the west. Title: Cherrapunji Passage: Sohra or Cherrapunji has a mild subtropical highland climate (Köppen Cwb), with monsoonal influences typical of India. The city's annual rainfall average stands at 11,777 millimetres (463.7 in). This figure places it behind only nearby Mawsynram, Meghalaya, whose average is 11,873 millimetres (467.4 in). Cherrapunji receives both the southwest and northeast monsoonal winds, giving it a single monsoon season. It lies on the windward side of the Khasi Hills, so the resulting orographic lift enhances precipitation. In the winter months it receives the northeast monsoon showers that travel down the Brahmaputra valley. The driest months are November, December, January and February.	[ "North American Monsoon", "Pueblo Alto" ]
In John Seller's Atlas Maritima of 1670, what region included China, southeast Asia, the islands of the Pacific, and the country that the original Samsung company belongs to?	"the East Indies"	[ "East Indies" ]	Title: Geography of Japan Passage: Japan is an island nation in East Asia comprising a volcanic archipelago extending along the continent's Pacific coast. It lies between 24 ° to 46 ° north latitude and from 123 ° to 146 ° east longitude. Japan is southeast of the Russian Far East, separated by the Sea of Okhotsk; slightly east of the Korean Peninsula, separated by the Sea of Japan; and east - northeast of China and Taiwan, separated by the East China Sea. The closest neighboring country to Japan is Russia. Title: Brunei Passage: Brunei ( ), officially the Nation of Brunei, the Abode of Peace (, Jawi: ), is a country located on the north coast of the island of Borneo in Southeast Asia. Apart from its coastline with the South China Sea, the country is completely surrounded by the Malaysian state of Sarawak. It is separated into two parts by the Sarawak district of Limbang. Brunei is the only sovereign state completely on the island of Borneo; the remainder of the island's territory is divided between the nations of Malaysia and Indonesia. Brunei's population was in . Title: Near East Passage: By the time of John Seller's Atlas Maritima of 1670, "India Beyond the Ganges" had become "the East Indies" including China, Korea, southeast Asia and the islands of the Pacific in a map that was every bit as distorted as Ptolemy's, despite the lapse of approximately 1500 years. That "east" in turn was only an English translation of Latin Oriens and Orientalis, "the land of the rising sun," used since Roman times for "east." The world map of Jodocus Hondius of 1590 labels all of Asia from the Caspian to the Pacific as India Orientalis, shortly to appear in translation as the East Indies. Title: Japan Passage: Japan (Japanese: 日本; Nippon (ɲippoɴ) or Nihon (ɲihoɴ); formally 日本国 Nippon - koku or Nihon - koku, lit. ``State of Japan '') is a sovereign island country in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies off the eastern coast of the Asian mainland and stretches from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and China in the southwest. Coordinates: 35 ° N 136 ° E / 35 ° N 136 ° E / 35; 136 The kanji that make up Japan's name mean`` sun origin'', and it is often called the ``Land of the Rising Sun ''. Japan is a stratovolcanic archipelago consisting of about 6,852 islands. The four largest are Honshu, Hokkaido, Kyushu, and Shikoku, which make up about ninety - seven percent of Japan's land area and often are referred to as home islands. The country is divided into 47 prefectures in eight regions, with Hokkaido being the northernmost prefecture and Okinawa being the southernmost one. The population of 127 million is the world's tenth largest. Japanese people make up 98.5% of Japan's total population. About 9.1 million people live in Tokyo, the capital of Japan. Title: Samsung Passage: Samsung was founded by Lee Byung-chul in 1938 as a trading company. Over the next three decades, the group diversified into areas including food processing, textiles, insurance, securities, and retail. Samsung entered the electronics industry in the late 1960s and the construction and shipbuilding industries in the mid-1970s; these areas would drive its subsequent growth. Following Lee's death in 1987, Samsung was separated into four business groups – Samsung Group, Shinsegae Group, CJ Group and Hansol Group. Since 1990, Samsung has increasingly globalised its activities and electronics; in particular, its mobile phones and semiconductors have become its most important source of income. As of 2017, Samsung has the 6th highest global brand value.Notable Samsung industrial affiliates include Samsung Electronics (the world's largest information technology company, consumer electronics maker and chipmaker measured by 2017 revenues), Samsung Heavy Industries (the world's 2nd largest shipbuilder measured by 2010 revenues), and Samsung Engineering and Samsung C&T (respectively the world's 13th and 36th largest construction companies). Other notable subsidiaries include Samsung Life Insurance (the world's 14th largest life insurance company), Samsung Everland (operator of Everland Resort, the oldest theme park in South Korea) and Cheil Worldwide (the world's 15th largest advertising agency measured by 2012 revenues).Samsung has a powerful influence on South Korea's economic development, politics, media and culture and has been a major driving force behind the "Miracle on the Han River". Its affiliate companies produce around a fifth of South Korea's total exports. Samsung's revenue was equal to 17% of South Korea's $1,082 billion GDP. Title: Southeast Asia Passage: The overseas Chinese community has played a large role in the development of the economies in the region. These business communities are connected through the bamboo network, a network of overseas Chinese businesses operating in the markets of Southeast Asia that share common family and cultural ties. The origins of Chinese influence can be traced to the 16th century, when Chinese migrants from southern China settled in Indonesia, Thailand, and other Southeast Asian countries. Chinese populations in the region saw a rapid increase following the Communist Revolution in 1949, which forced many refugees to emigrate outside of China. Title: Southeast Asia Passage: Southeast Asia has an area of approximately 4,000,000 km2 (1.6 million square miles). As of 2013, Around 625 million people lived in the region, more than a fifth of them (143 million) on the Indonesian island of Java, the most densely populated large island in the world. Indonesia is the most populous country with 255 million people as of 2015, and also the 4th most populous country in the world. The distribution of the religions and people is diverse in Southeast Asia and varies by country. Some 30 million overseas Chinese also live in Southeast Asia, most prominently in Christmas Island, Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, and Thailand, and also, as the Hoa, in Vietnam. Title: Indigenous peoples of the Americas Passage: Indigenous peoples in what is now the contiguous United States, including their descendants, are commonly called "American Indians", or simply "Indians" domestically, or "Native Americans" by the USCB. In Alaska, indigenous peoples belong to 11 cultures with 11 languages. These include the St. Lawrence Island Yupik, Iñupiat, Athabaskan, Yup'ik, Cup'ik, Unangax, Alutiiq, Eyak, Haida, Tsimshian, and Tlingit, who are collectively called Alaska Natives. Indigenous Polynesian peoples, which include Marshallese, Samoan, Tahitian, and Tongan, are politically considered Pacific Islands American but are geographically and culturally distinct from indigenous peoples of the Americas. Title: Samsung Passage: Samsung Samsung Town in the Gangnam Station area in Seoul Industry Conglomerate Founded 1 March 1938; 80 years ago (1938 - 03 - 01) in Daegu, Japanese Korea Founder Lee Byung - chul Headquarters 40th floor Samsung Electronics Building, 11, Seocho - daero 74 - gil, Seocho District, Seoul, South Korea Area served Worldwide Key people Lee Kun - hee (Chairman) Lee Jae - yong (Vice Chairman) Products Apparel, automotive, chemicals, consumer electronics, electronic components, medical equipment, semiconductors, solid state drives, DRAM, ships, telecommunications equipment, home appliances Services Advertising, construction, entertainment, financial services, hospitality, information and communications technology, medical and health care services, retail, shipbuilding Revenue US $305 billion (2014) Net income US $22.1 billion (2014) Total assets US $529.5 billion (2014) Total equity US $231.2 billion (2014) Number of employees 489,000 (2014) Divisions Samsung Electronics Samsung C&T Corporation Samsung Heavy Industries Samsung SDS Samsung Life Insurance Renault Samsung Motors Samsung Fire & Marine Insurance Cheil Worldwide Korean name Hangul 삼성 Hanja 三星 Revised Romanization Samseong McCune -- Reischauer Samsŏng Website samsung.com Title: Southeast Asia Passage: Definitions of "Southeast Asia" vary, but most definitions include the area represented by the countries (sovereign states and dependent territories) listed below. All of the states except for East Timor are members of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN). The area, together with part of South Asia, was widely known as the East Indies or simply the Indies until the 20th century. Christmas Island and the Cocos (Keeling) Islands[citation needed] are considered part of Southeast Asia though they are governed by Australia.[citation needed] Sovereignty issues exist over some territories in the South China Sea. Papua New Guinea has stated that it might join ASEAN, and is currently an observer. Title: The New People Passage: The New People is a 1969 American television series on ABC that focused on a group of young college students who were returning from a trip in Southeast Asia when their plane crashed on an island in the south Pacific Ocean. The crash killed several of the college students, and all but one of the adults, who was badly injured and later died. The surviving students were the only human life remaining on the island. The island was unusual in that it had been built up as a site for a potential above-ground nuclear test which never took place, leaving all of the buildings and (improbably) supplies untouched and ready for use by the survivors. The trip to Southeast Asia was a goodwill tour arranged by the State Department showcasing what American youth were like, but it went awry when one of the students disrupted it, feeling that what they were doing was fake and a way to gloss over what was going on in the country and with relations to the Vietnam war. Title: Avalon Waterways Passage: Avalon Waterways is a river cruise company owned by the Globus family of brands and offers cruises in Europe, China, Southeast Asia, the United States, South America and the Galápagos Islands. The company became a member of Cruise Lines International Association (CLIA) in August 2009. Title: Southeast Asia Passage: Indonesia is the largest country in Southeast Asia and it also the largest archipelago in the world by size (according to the CIA World Factbook). Geologically, the Indonesian Archipelago is one of the most volcanically active regions in the world. Geological uplifts in the region have also produced some impressive mountains, culminating in Puncak Jaya in Papua, Indonesia at 5,030 metres (16,500 feet), on the island of New Guinea; it is the only place where ice glaciers can be found in Southeast Asia. The second tallest peak is Mount Kinabalu in Sabah, Malaysia on the island of Borneo with a height of 4,095 metres (13,435 feet). The highest mountain in Southeast Asia is Hkakabo Razi at 5,967 meters and can be found in northern Burma sharing the same range of its parent peak, Mount Everest. Title: Geography of Japan Passage: Japan is an island nation in East Asia comprising a stratovolcanic archipelago extending along the continent's Pacific coast. It lies between 24 ° to 46 ° north latitude and from 123 ° to 146 ° east longitude. Japan is southeast of the Russian Far East, separated by the Sea of Okhotsk; slightly east of Korea, separated by the Sea of Japan; and east - northeast of China and Taiwan, separated by the East China Sea. The closest neighboring country to Japan is the Russian Federation. Title: India Passage: India (IAST: Bhārat), also known as the Republic of India (IAST: Bhārat Gaṇarājya), is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh - largest country by area, the second-most populous country (with over 1.2 billion people), and the most populous democracy in the world. Bounded by the Indian Ocean on the south, the Arabian Sea on the southwest, and the Bay of Bengal on the southeast, it shares land borders with Pakistan to the west; China, Nepal, and Bhutan to the northeast; and Bangladesh and Myanmar to the east. In the Indian Ocean, India is in the vicinity of Sri Lanka and the Maldives, while its Andaman and Nicobar Islands share a maritime border with Thailand and Indonesia. Title: World Heritage Sites by country Passage: As of July 2017, there are a total of 1,073 World Heritage Sites located in 167 ``States Parties ''Of the 1,073 sites, 832 are cultural, 206 are natural and 35 are mixed properties. The countries have been divided by the World Heritage Committee into five geographic zones: Africa, Arab States, Asia and the Pacific, Europe and North America, and Latin America and the Caribbean. The country with the most number of sites (including sites shared with other countries) is Italy, with 53 entries. The country with the most number of sites by itself alone (excluding sites shared with other countries) is China, with 51 entries. Title: History of agriculture Passage: Asian rice was domesticated 8,200 -- 13,500 years ago in China, with a single genetic origin from the wild rice Oryza rufipogon, in the Pearl River valley region of China. Rice cultivation then spread to South and Southeast Asia. Title: China–United States relations Passage: Relations with China began under George Washington, leading to the 1845 Treaty of Wangxia. The United States was allied to the Republic of China during the Pacific War, but broke off relations with China for 25 years when the communist government took over, until Richard Nixon's 1972 visit to China. Since Nixon, every successive U.S. president has toured China. Relations between the two countries have generally been stable with some periods of open conflict, most notably during the Korean War and the Vietnam War. Currently, China and the United States have mutual political, economic, and security interests, including but not limited to the proliferation of nuclear weapons, although there are unresolved concerns relating to the role of democracy in the government in China and human rights in both respective countries. Relations with China have strained under Barack Obama's Asia pivot strategy, ongoing maritime disputes in the South China Sea, and a trade war in 2018. Title: Economy of Oceania Passage: On a total scale the region has approximately 34,700,201 inhabitants who are spread among 30,000 islands in the South Pacific bordered between Asia and the Americas. This region has a diverse mix of economies from the highly developed and globally competitive financial market of Australia to the much less developed economies that belong to many of its island neighbours. New Zealand is the only other developed country in the region, although the economy of Australia is by far the largest and most dominant economy in the region and one of the largest in the world. Title: Geography of Myanmar Passage: Myanmar (also known as Burma) is the northwestern-most country of mainland Southeast Asia, bordering China, India, Bangladesh, Thailand and Laos. It lies along the Indian and Eurasian Plates, to the southeast of the Himalayas. To its west is the Bay of Bengal and to its south is the Andaman Sea. It is strategically located near major Indian Ocean shipping lanes.	[ "Near East", "Samsung" ]
Where did the team that won the MLB World Series last year play before Wrigley Field?	West Side Grounds	[]	Title: 2016 World Series Passage: The 2016 World Series was the 112th edition of Major League Baseball's championship series, a best - of - seven playoff between the National League (NL) champion Chicago Cubs and the American League (AL) champion Cleveland Indians, the first meeting of those franchises in postseason history. The series was played between October 25 and November 2. The Indians had home - field advantage because the AL had won the 2016 All - Star Game. It was also the last World Series to have home - field advantage determined by the All - Star Game results; since 2017, home - field advantage is awarded to the team with the better record. Title: Wrigley Field Passage: In late 1915, Weeghman's Federal League folded. The resourceful Weeghman formed a syndicate including the chewing gum manufacturer William Wrigley Jr. to buy the Chicago Cubs from Charles P. Taft for about $500,000. Weeghman immediately moved the Cubs from the dilapidated West Side Grounds to his two - year - old park. Title: Major League Baseball schedule Passage: The Major League Baseball (MLB) season schedule consists of 162 games for each of the 30 teams in the American League (AL) and National League (NL), played over approximately six months -- a total of 2,430 games, plus the postseason. The regular season typically runs from early April to late September, followed by the postseason in October. The season begins with the official Opening Day and runs 26 weeks through the last Sunday of September or first Sunday of October. One or more International Opener games may be scheduled outside the United States before the official Opening Day. It is possible for a given team to play a maximum of 20 games in the postseason in a given year, provided the team is a wild card and advances to each of the Division Series, Championship Series, and World Series with each series going the distance (5 games in the Division Series, 7 games in the League Championship Series / World Series). Title: Chicago Cubs Passage: The Cubs have appeared in a total of eleven World Series. The 1906 Cubs won 116 games, finishing 116 -- 36 and posting a modern - era record winning percentage of. 763, before losing the World Series to the Chicago White Sox (``The Hitless Wonders '') by four games to two. The Cubs won back - to - back World Series championships in 1907 and 1908, becoming the first major league team to play in three consecutive World Series, and the first to win it twice. Most recently, the Cubs won the 2016 National League Championship Series and 2016 World Series, which ended a 71 - year National League pennant drought and a 108 - year World Series championship drought, both of which are record droughts in Major League Baseball. The 108 - year drought was also the longest such occurrence in all major North American sports. Since the start of divisional play in 1969, the Cubs have appeared in the postseason eight times through the 2016 season. Title: Ron Santo Passage: Ron Santo Santo at Wrigley Field in May 2009 Third baseman Born: (1940 - 02 - 25) February 25, 1940 Seattle, Washington Died: December 3, 2010 (2010 - 12 - 03) (aged 70) Scottsdale, Arizona Batted: Right Threw: Right MLB debut June 26, 1960, for the Chicago Cubs Last MLB appearance September 29, 1974, for the Chicago White Sox MLB statistics Batting average. 277 Hits 2,254 Home runs 342 Runs batted in 1,331 Teams Chicago Cubs (1960 -- 1973) Chicago White Sox (1974) Career highlights and awards 9 × All - Star (1963 -- 1966, 1968, 1969, 1971 -- 1973) 5 × Gold Glove Award (1964 -- 1968) Chicago Cubs # 10 retired Member of the National Baseball Hall of Fame Induction 2012 Vote 93.75% Election Method Golden Era Committee Title: Cleveland Indians Passage: The Cleveland Indians are an American professional baseball team based in Cleveland, Ohio. The Indians compete in Major League Baseball (MLB) as a member club of the American League (AL) Central division. Since 1994, they have played at Progressive Field and are the defending American League champions. The team's spring training facility is at Goodyear Ballpark in Goodyear, Arizona. Since their establishment as a major league franchise in 1901, the Indians have won two World Series championships: in 1920 and 1948, along with eight Central Division titles and six American League pennants. The Indians' current World Series championship drought is the longest active drought, and through 2016 is the fifth - longest in baseball history. Title: 2016 World Series Passage: The Cubs defeated the Indians when they won 4 games to 3 to win their first World Series since 1908. Game 7, an 8 -- 7 victory in extra innings, marked the fifth time that a Game 7 had gone past nine innings and the first since 1997 (which, coincidentally, also featured the Indians). It was also the first to have a rain delay which occurred as the tenth inning was about to start. The Cubs became the sixth team to come back from a 3 - 1 deficit to win a best - of - seven World Series, following the 1925 Pittsburgh Pirates, the 1958 New York Yankees, the 1968 Detroit Tigers, the 1979 Pittsburgh Pirates, and the 1985 Kansas City Royals. Title: Chicago Cubs Passage: The confusion may stem from the fact that Major League Baseball did decide that, should the Cubs make it to the World Series, the American League winner would have home field advantage unless the Cubs hosted home games at an alternate site since the Cubs home field of Wrigley Field did not yet have lights. Rumor was the Cubs could hold home games across town at Comiskey Park, home of the American League's Chicago White Sox. Rather than hold any games in the cross town rival Sox Park, the Cubs made arrangements with the August A. Busch, owner of the St. Louis Cardinals, to use Busch Stadium in St. Louis as the Cubs "home field" for the World Series. This was approved by Major League Baseball and would have enabled the Cubs to host games 1 and 2, along with games 6 and 7 if necessary. At the time home field advantage was rotated between each league. Odd numbered years the AL had home field advantage. Even numbered years the NL had home field advantage. In the 1982 World Series the St. Louis Cardinals of the NL had home field advantage. In the 1983 World Series the Baltimore Orioles of the AL had home field advantage. Title: Chicago Cubs Passage: In 1906, the franchise recorded a Major League record 116 wins (tied by the 2001 Seattle Mariners) and posted a modern-era record winning percentage of .763, which still stands today. They appeared in their first World Series the same year, falling to their crosstown rivals, the Chicago White Sox, four games to two. The Cubs won back-to-back World Series championships in 1907 and 1908, becoming the first Major League team to play in three consecutive Fall Classics, and the first to win it twice. The team has appeared in seven World Series following their 1908 title, most recently in 1945. The Cubs have not won the World Series in 107 years, the longest championship drought of any major North American professional sports team, and are often referred to as the "Lovable Losers" because of this distinction. They are also known as "The North Siders" because Wrigley Field, their home park since 1916, is located in Chicago's North Side Lake View community at 1060 West Addison Street. The Cubs have a major rivalry with the St. Louis Cardinals. Title: 2016 World Series Passage: The 2016 World Series was the championship series of Major League Baseball's (MLB) 2016 season. The 112th edition of the World Series, it was a best - of - seven playoff between the National League (NL) champion Chicago Cubs and the American League (AL) champion Cleveland Indians, the first meeting of those franchises in postseason history. The series was played between October 25 and November 2. The Indians had home - field advantage because the AL had won the 2016 All - Star Game. It was also the last World Series to have home - field advantage determined by the All - Star Game results; since 2017, home - field advantage is awarded to the team with the better record. Title: 2015 World Series Passage: The 2015 World Series was the championship series of Major League Baseball's (MLB) 2015 season. The 111th edition of the World Series, it was a best - of - seven playoff between the National League (NL) champion New York Mets and the American League (AL) champion Kansas City Royals. The series was played between October 27 and November 1, with the Royals winning the series 4 games to 1. It was the first time since the 2010 World Series that the World Series extended into November. The Royals became the first team since the Oakland Athletics in the 1989 World Series to win the World Series after losing in the previous year. It was the first World Series to feature only expansion teams and the first since the 2007 World Series to not feature the Philadelphia Phillies, St. Louis Cardinals, or San Francisco Giants as the NL champions. Title: 2016 World Series Passage: The 2016 World Series was the championship series of Major League Baseball's (MLB) 2016 season. The 112th edition of the World Series, it was a best - of - seven playoff between the National League (NL) champion Chicago Cubs and the American League (AL) champion Cleveland Indians, the first meeting of those franchises in postseason history. The series was played between October 25 and November 3. The Indians had home - field advantage because the AL had won the 2016 All - Star Game. It was also the last World Series to have home - field advantage determined by the All - Star Game results; since 2017, home - field advantage is awarded to the team with the better record. Title: Curse of the Billy Goat Passage: The Curse of the Billy Goat was a sports - related curse supposedly placed on the Chicago Cubs Major League Baseball franchise in 1945, by Billy Goat Tavern owner William Sianis. The curse lasted 71 years, from 1945 to 2016. Because the odor of his pet goat, named Murphy, was bothering other fans, Sianis was asked to leave Wrigley Field, the Cubs' home ballpark, during game 4 of the 1945 World Series. Outraged, Sianis allegedly declared, ``Them Cubs, they ai n't gon na win no more, ''which had been interpreted to mean that either the Cubs would never win another National League (NL) pennant, or that they would never again win a World Series. Title: Chicago Cubs Passage: The Chicago Cubs are an American professional baseball team located on the North Side of Chicago, Illinois. The Cubs compete in Major League Baseball (MLB) as a members of the National League (NL) Central division; the team plays its home baseball games at Wrigley Field. The Cubs are also one of two active major league teams based in Chicago; the other is the Chicago White Sox, who are a member of the American League (AL) Central division. The team is currently owned by Thomas S. Ricketts, son of TD Ameritrade founder Joe Ricketts. Title: Major League Baseball schedule Passage: The Major League Baseball (MLB) season schedule consists of 162 games for each of the 30 teams in the American League (AL) and National League (NL), played over approximately six months -- a total of 2,430 games, plus the postseason. The regular season runs from late March / early April to late September / early October, followed by the postseason which can run to early November. The season begins with the official Opening Day, and, as of 2018, runs 261⁄2 weeks through the last Sunday of September or first Sunday of October. One or more International Opener games may be scheduled outside the United States before the official Opening Day. It is possible for a given team to play a maximum of 20 games in the postseason in a given year, provided the team is a wild card and advances to each of the Division Series, Championship Series, and World Series with each series going the distance (5 games in the Division Series, 7 games each in the League Championship Series / World Series). Title: Chicago Cubs Passage: Located in Chicago's Lake View neighborhood, Wrigley Field sits on an irregular block bounded by Clark and Addison Streets and Waveland and Sheffield Avenues. The area surrounding the ballpark is typically referred to as Wrigleyville. There is a dense collection of sports bars and restaurants in the area, most with baseball inspired themes, including Sluggers, Murphy's Bleachers and The Cubby Bear. Many of the apartment buildings surrounding Wrigley Field on Waveland and Sheffield Avenues have built bleachers on their rooftops for fans to view games and other sell space for advertisement. One building on Sheffield Avenue has a sign atop its roof which says "Eamus Catuli!" which is Latin for "Let's Go Cubs!" and another chronicles the time since the last Division title, pennant, and World Series championship. The 02 denotes two years since the 2008 NL Central title, 65 years since the 1945 pennant and 102 years since the 1908 World Series championship. On game days, many residents rent out their yards and driveways to people looking for parking spots. The uniqueness of the neighborhood itself has ingrained itself into the culture of the Chicago Cubs as well as the Wrigleyville neighborhood, and has led to being used for concerts and other sporting events, such as the 2010 NHL Winter Classic between the Chicago Blackhawks and Detroit Red Wings, as well as a 2010 NCAA men's football game between the Northwestern Wildcats and Illinois Fighting Illini. Title: Extra innings Passage: Exactly two weeks later on October 23, 2005, the same Houston Astros team lost to the Chicago White Sox in the longest World Series game by time, Game 3 of the 2005 Series, played at Minute Maid Park, which lasted 5 hours 41 minutes, breaking the previous record of 4 hours 51 minutes in Game 1 of the 2000 World Series. It also shared the record for the longest World Series game by innings at 14, tied with Game 2 of the 1916 World Series, played on October 9, 1916 between the Brooklyn Robins and Boston Red Sox at Braves Field, and Game 1 of the 2015 World Series, played on October 27, 2015 between the New York Mets and Kansas City Royals at Kauffman Stadium. Title: Chicago Cubs Passage: The curious location on Catalina Island stemmed from Cubs owner William Wrigley Jr.'s then-majority interest in the island in 1919. Wrigley constructed a ballpark on the island to house the Cubs in spring training: it was built to the same dimensions as Wrigley Field. (The ballpark is long gone, but a clubhouse built by Wrigley to house the Cubs exists as the Catalina County Club.) However, by 1951 the team chose to leave Catalina Island and spring training was shifted to Mesa, Arizona. The Cubs' 30-year association with Catalina is chronicled in the book, The Cubs on Catalina, by Jim Vitti . . . which was named International 'Book of the Year' by The Sporting News. Title: Soldier Field Passage: Soldier Field was used as a site for many sporting events and exhibitions. The Chicago Cardinals used it as their home field for their final season in Chicago in 1959. A dozen years later in September 1971, the Chicago Bears moved in, originally with a three - year commitment. They previously played at Wrigley Field, best known as the home of the Chicago Cubs baseball team, but were forced to move to a larger venue due to post-AFL -- NFL merger policies requiring that stadium capacities seat over 50,000 spectators. They had intended to build a stadium in Arlington Heights. In 1978, the Bears and the Chicago Park District agreed to a 20 - year lease and renovation of the stadium. Both parties pooled their resources for the renovation. The playing surface was AstroTurf from 1971 through 1987, replaced with natural grass in 1988. Title: Cleveland Indians Passage: The Cleveland Indians are an American professional baseball team based in Cleveland, Ohio. The Indians compete in Major League Baseball (MLB) as a member club of the American League (AL) Central division. Since , they have played at Progressive Field. The team's spring training facility is at Goodyear Ballpark in Goodyear, Arizona. Since their establishment as a major league franchise in 1901, the Indians have won two World Series championships: in 1920 and 1948, along with 10 Central Division titles and six American League pennants. The Indians' current World Series championship drought is the longest active drought among all 30 current Major League teams.	[ "2016 World Series", "Wrigley Field" ]
How long are terms in the house of the body which provides oversight for the agency who issued the report in 1958?	five-year terms	[]	Title: Lane splitting Passage: In the United States, bills to legalize lane splitting have been introduced in state legislatures around the US over the last twenty years but none had been enacted until California's legislature passed such a bill in August, 2016. Title: Telecommunications (Interception and Access) Amendment (Data Retention) Act 2015 Passage: On 30 October 2014, the Abbott Government introduced the Telecommunications (Interception and Access) Amendment (Data Retention) Bill 2014 into the House of Representatives. On 21 November 2014, the Attorney - General Senator George Brandis wrote to the PJCIS, referring the provisions of the Bill for inquiry. Title: Bill of rights Passage: Australia is the only common law country with neither a constitutional nor federal legislative bill of rights to protect its citizens, although there is ongoing debate in many of Australia's states. In 1973, Federal Attorney - General Lionel Murphy introduced a human rights Bill into parliament, although it was never passed. In 1984, Senator Stephen Bunce drafted a Bill of Rights, but it was never introduced into parliament, and in 1985, Senator Lionel Bowen introduced a bill of rights, which was passed by the House of Representatives, but failed to pass the Senate. Former Australian Prime Minister John Howard has argued against a bill of rights for Australia on the grounds it would transfer power from elected politicians (populist politics) to unelected (constitutional) judges and bureaucrats. Victoria and the Australian Capital Territory (ACT) are the only states and territories to have a human rights Act. However, the principle of legality present in the Australian judicial system, seeks to ensure that legislation is interpreted so as not to interfere with basic human rights, unless legislation expressly intends to interfere. Title: Exchange Information Disclosure Act Passage: The bill was introduced on October 29, 2013 in the United States House of Representatives during the 113th United States Congress. The House was scheduled to vote on it on January 10, 2014. On January 16th, 2014, the bill was passed. 226 Republicans and 33 Democrats have voted yes to the bill. Title: Royal assent Passage: In Australia, a technical issue arose with the royal assent in both 1976 and 2001. In 1976, a bill originating in the House of Representatives was mistakenly submitted to the Governor-General and assented to. However, it was later discovered that it had not been passed by each house. The error arose because two bills of the same title had originated from the house. The Governor-General revoked the first assent, before assenting to the bill which had actually passed. The same procedure was followed to correct a similar error which arose in 2001. Title: Flag of Georgia (U.S. state) Passage: The 1956 flag was adopted in an era when the Georgia General Assembly ``was entirely devoted to passing legislation that would preserve segregation and white supremacy '', according to a 2000 research report by the Georgia Senate. There are few, if any, written records of what was said on the Georgia House and Senate floors when the 1956 flag bill was being introduced and passed by the Georgia legislature, nor does Georgia law provide for a statement of legislative intent when a bill is introduced, although former U.S. Congressman James Mackay, one of the 32 House members who opposed the change, later stated,`` There was only one reason for putting the flag on there: like the gun rack in the back of a pickup truck, it telegraphs a message.'' Additionally, the 2000 report concluded that the ``1956 General Assembly changed the state flag ''during`` an atmosphere of preserving segregation and resentment'' to the U.S. government's rulings on integration. Title: Washington Generals Passage: Figures vary as to exactly how often the Generals have beaten their rivals. Some reports say six, while the team's official website reports having three victories over the Globetrotters, one each in 1954, 1958, and 1971. The 1971 win is the most storied of these, and is sometimes reported as the team's sole victory. Title: Egypt Passage: The House of Representatives, whose members are elected to serve five-year terms, specialises in legislation. Elections were last held between November 2011 and January 2012 which was later dissolved. The next parliamentary election will be held within 6 months of the constitution's ratification on 18 January 2014. Originally, the parliament was to be formed before the president was elected, but interim president Adly Mansour pushed the date. The Egyptian presidential election, 2014, took place on 26–28 May 2014. Official figures showed a turnout of 25,578,233 or 47.5%, with Abdel Fattah el-Sisi winning with 23.78 million votes, or 96.91% compared to 757,511 (3.09%) for Hamdeen Sabahi. Title: Chris Jones (politician) Passage: S. Chris Jones (born June 23, 1958, in Suffolk, Virginia) is an American politician. A Republican, he was elected to the Virginia House of Delegates in November 1997. He represents the 76th district, made up of parts of the cities of Suffolk and Chesapeake. In 2014, he was named chair of the House Appropriations Committee. Title: Parliament of Bhutan Passage: Foremost among the powers and duties of Parliament is the passing of bills. Either the upper house National Council, the lower house National Assembly, or the Attorney General may author bills to be passed as acts, with the exception of money and financial bills, which are the sole purview of the National Assembly. Legislation must be presented bicamerally, at times in joint sittings of the National Council and National Assembly, however bills may pass by default without vote when none is conducted before the close of the present session. When a bill has been introduced and passed by one house, it must present the bill to the other house within thirty days from the date of passing, and the bill may be passed during the next session of Parliament. In the case of budget bills and urgent matters, a bill must be passed in the same session of Parliament. Bills are ultimately subject to veto and modification by the King, however the King must assent to bills resubmitted after joint sitting and deliberation by the National Council and National Assembly. Title: Money bill Passage: While the United States of America is not a parliamentary democracy, the Origination Clause of the U.S. Constitution requires that all bills raising revenue originate in the House of Representatives, consistent with British constitutional practice; by convention, appropriation bills (bills that spend money) also originate in the House. Unlike in most Westminster systems, there are no limits on the Senate's ability to amend revenue bills or any requirement for the Senate to approve such bills within a certain timeframe. Both appropriations and revenue bills are often referred to as money bills to contrast them with authorization bills. The U.S. Supreme Court in United States v. Munoz - Flores (1990) held that: ``A law passed in violation of the Origination Clause would thus be no more immune from judicial scrutiny because it was passed by both Houses and signed by the President than would be a law passed in violation of the First Amendment ''. Title: United States House Appropriations Subcommittee on Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies Passage: The United States House Committee on Appropriations has joint jurisdiction with the United States Senate Committee on Appropriations over all appropriations bills in the United States Congress. Each committee has 12 matching subcommittees, each of which is tasked with working on one of the twelve annual regular appropriations bills. This subcommittee has jurisdiction over the budget for the United States Department of the Interior and the United States Environmental Protection Agency. Title: Charlie Wilson (Texas politician) Passage: In 1980, Wilson read an Associated Press dispatch on the congressional wires describing the refugees fleeing Soviet-occupied Afghanistan. The communist Democratic Republic of Afghanistan had taken over power during the Saur Revolution and asked the Soviet Union to help suppress resistance from the Mujahideen. According to biographer George Crile III, Wilson called the staff of the United States House Committee on Appropriations dealing with "black appropriations" and requested a two-fold appropriation increase for Afghanistan. Because Wilson had just been named to the House Appropriations Subcommittee on Defense (which is responsible for funding CIA operations), his request went through. Title: United States federal budget Passage: The budget document often begins as the President's proposal to the U.S. Congress which recommends funding levels for the next fiscal year, beginning October 1 and ending on September 30 of the year following. The fiscal year is named for the year in which it ends. However, Congress is the body required by law to pass appropriations annually and to submit funding bills passed by both houses to the President for signature. Congressional decisions are governed by rules and legislation regarding the federal budget process. Budget committees set spending limits for the House and Senate committees and for Appropriations subcommittees, which then approve individual appropriations bills to allocate funding to various federal programs. Title: Pharmaceutical industry Passage: A Federal Trade Commission report issued in 1958 attempted to quantify the effect of antibiotic development on American public health. The report found that over the period 1946-1955, there was a 42% drop in the incidence of diseases for which antibiotics were effective and only a 20% drop in those for which antibiotics were not effective. The report concluded that "it appears that the use of antibiotics, early diagnosis, and other factors have limited the epidemic spread and thus the number of these diseases which have occurred". The study further examined mortality rates for eight common diseases for which antibiotics offered effective therapy (syphilis, tuberculosis, dysentery, scarlet fever, whooping cough, meningococcal infections, and pneumonia), and found a 56% decline over the same period. Notable among these was a 75% decline in deaths due to tuberculosis. Title: Scottish Parliament Passage: Bills can be introduced to Parliament in a number of ways; the Scottish Government can introduce new laws or amendments to existing laws as a bill; a committee of the Parliament can present a bill in one of the areas under its remit; a member of the Scottish Parliament can introduce a bill as a private member; or a private bill can be submitted to Parliament by an outside proposer. Most draft laws are government bills introduced by ministers in the governing party. Bills pass through Parliament in a number of stages: Title: One Hundred and First Amendment of the Constitution of India Passage: The Constitution (One Hundred and Twenty - Second Amendment) Bill, 2014 was introduced in the Lok Sabha by Finance Minister Arun Jaitley on 19 December 2014, and passed by the House on 6 May 2015. In the Rajya Sabha, the bill was referred to a Select Committee on 14 May 2015. The Select Committee of the Rajya Sabha submitted its report on the bill on 22 July 2015. The bill was passed by the Rajya Sabha on 3 August 2016, and the amended bill was passed by the Lok Sabha on 8 August 2016. Title: Separation of powers under the United States Constitution Passage: Executive power is vested, with exceptions and qualifications, in the President. By law (Section 2.) the president becomes the Commander in Chief of the Army and Navy, Militia of several states when called into service, has power to make treaties and appointments to office "with the Advice and Consent of the Senate," receive Ambassadors and Public Ministers, and "take care that the laws be faithfully executed" (Section 3.) By using these words, the Constitution does not require the president to personally enforce the law; rather, officers subordinate to the president may perform such duties. The Constitution empowers the president to ensure the faithful execution of the laws made by Congress and approved by the President. Congress may itself terminate such appointments, by impeachment, and restrict the president. Bodies such as the War Claims Commission, the Interstate Commerce Commission and the Federal Trade Commission—all quasi-judicial—often have direct Congressional oversight. Title: Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 Passage: The individual and pass - through tax cuts fade over time and become net tax increases starting in 2027 while the corporate tax cuts are permanent. This enabled the Senate to pass the bill with only 51 votes, without the need to defeat a filibuster, under the budget reconciliation process. The House passed the penultimate version of the bill on December 19, 2017, though for Senate procedural reasons small changes were needed and a revote was held in the House. The Senate passed the final version on December 20 in a 51 -- 48 vote and that final version was passed by the House of Representatives on that same day. The bill was signed into law by President Donald Trump on December 22, 2017. Most of the changes introduced by the bill went into effect on January 1, 2018 and will not affect 2017 taxes. Title: Appropriation bill Passage: According to the Origination Clause of the United States Constitution, all bills for raising revenue, generally tax bills, must originate in the House of Representatives, similar to the Westminster system requirement that all money bills originate in the lower house. Traditionally, though, appropriation bills also originate in the House of Representatives. House appropriations bills begin with ``H.R. '', meaning`` House of Representatives''. In reference to revenue bills, the Constitution also states that the ``Senate may propose or concur with Amendments as on other Bills. ''As with revenue bills, the Senate and House each drafts and considers its own appropriation bill. The Senate then`` cuts - and - pastes,'' substituting the language of its version of a particular appropriation bill for the language of the House bill, then agrees to the bill as amended.	[ "Appropriation bill", "Egypt", "Separation of powers under the United States Constitution", "Pharmaceutical industry" ]
What was the Crawford House that is located in the birth city of Elihu Yale within the state where Wellesley College was located in Mona Lisa Smile?	hotels	[ "Hotel", "hotel" ]	Title: Mona Lisa Smile Passage: Mona Lisa Smile is a 2003 American drama film produced by Revolution Studios and Columbia Pictures in association with Red Om Films Productions, directed by Mike Newell, written by Lawrence Konner and Mark Rosenthal, and starring Julia Roberts, Kirsten Dunst, Julia Stiles and Maggie Gyllenhaal. The title is a reference to the "Mona Lisa", the famous painting by Leonardo da Vinci, and to the song of the same name, originally performed by Nat King Cole, which was covered by Seal for the movie. Julia Roberts received a record $25 million for her performance, the highest ever earned by an actress at that time. Title: Mona Lisa Passage: The Mona Lisa (; or La Gioconda , ) is a half-length portrait painting by the Italian Renaissance artist Leonardo da Vinci that has been described as "the best known, the most visited, the most written about, the most sung about, the most parodied work of art in the world." The "Mona Lisa" is also one of the most valuable paintings in the world. It holds the Guinness World Record for the highest known insurance valuation in history at US$100 million in 1962 (equivalent to $ million in ). Title: New Haven, Connecticut Passage: The city hosts numerous theatres and production houses, including the Yale Repertory Theatre, the Long Wharf Theatre, and the Shubert Theatre. There is also theatre activity from the Yale School of Drama, which works through the Yale University Theatre and the student-run Yale Cabaret. Southern Connecticut State University hosts the Lyman Center for the Performing Arts. The shuttered Palace Theatre (opposite the Shubert Theatre) is being renovated and will reopen as the College Street Music Hall in May, 2015. Smaller theatres include the Little Theater on Lincoln Street. Cooperative Arts and Humanities High School also boasts a state-of-the-art theatre on College Street. The theatre is used for student productions as well as the home to weekly services to a local non-denominational church, the City Church New Haven. Title: Evelyn Boyd Granville Passage: Evelyn Boyd Granville (born May 1, 1924) was the second African-American woman to receive a Ph.D. in mathematics from an American University; she earned it in 1949 from Yale University (she attended Smith College before Yale). She performed pioneering work in the field of computing. Title: Mona Lisa Passage: The Mona Lisa (/ ˌmoʊnə ˈliːsə /; Italian: Monna Lisa (ˈmɔnna ˈliːza) or La Gioconda (la dʒoˈkonda), French: La Joconde (la ʒɔkɔ̃d)) is a half - length portrait painting by the Italian Renaissance artist Leonardo da Vinci that has been described as ``the best known, the most visited, the most written about, the most sung about, the most parodied work of art in the world ''. The Mona Lisa is also one of the most valuable paintings in the world. It holds the Guinness World Record for the highest known insurance valuation in history at $100 million in 1962, which is worth nearly $800 million in 2017. Title: Mona Lisa's Revenge Passage: Mona Lisa's Revenge is a two-part story of "The Sarah Jane Adventures" which was broadcast on CBBC on 12 and 13 November 2009. It is the fifth serial of the third series. Title: Yale University Passage: Yale University is an American private Ivy League research university in New Haven, Connecticut. Founded in 1701 in Saybrook Colony as the Collegiate School, the University is the third-oldest institution of higher education in the United States. The school was renamed Yale College in 1718 in recognition of a gift from Elihu Yale, who was governor of the British East India Company. Established to train Congregationalist ministers in theology and sacred languages, by 1777 the school's curriculum began to incorporate humanities and sciences. In the 19th century the school incorporated graduate and professional instruction, awarding the first Ph.D. in the United States in 1861 and organizing as a university in 1887. Title: Mona Lisa Smile Passage: In 1953, Katherine Ann Watson (Julia Roberts), a 30 - year - old graduate student in the department of Art History at UCLA, takes a position teaching ``History of Art ''at Wellesley College, a conservative women's private liberal arts college in Massachusetts. At her first class, Katherine discovers that her students have already memorized the entire textbook and syllabus, so she uses the classes to introduce them to Modern Art and encourages discussion about topics such as what makes good art. Katherine comes to know her students and seeks to inspire them to achieve more than marriage to eligible young men. Title: Isaac C. Bates Passage: He was born in Granville, Massachusetts, and graduated from Yale College in 1802. He practiced law in Northampton, Massachusetts, in 1808. Title: Yale University Passage: The Yale Provost's Office has launched several women into prominent university presidencies. In 1977 Hanna Holborn Gray was appointed acting President of Yale from this position, and went on to become President of the University of Chicago, the first woman to be full president of a major university. In 1994 Yale Provost Judith Rodin became the first female president of an Ivy League institution at the University of Pennsylvania. In 2002 Provost Alison Richard became the Vice Chancellor of the University of Cambridge. In 2004, Provost Susan Hockfield became the President of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. In 2007 Deputy Provost Kim Bottomly was named President of Wellesley College. In 2003, the Dean of the Divinity School, Rebecca Chopp, was appointed president of Colgate University and now heads Swarthmore College. Title: Clara Eaton Cummings Passage: Clara Eaton Cummings (13 July 1855 – 28 December 1906) was an American cryptogamic botanist and Hunnewell Professor of Cryptogamic Botany at Wellesley College in Massachusetts. Title: Patrick Cobbold Passage: He was educated with his elder brother John at Wellesley House and Eton College. He was 10 when their father, Lieutenant Colonel Ivan Cobbold, was killed in the Guards Chapel, London, on 19 June 1944 when a flying bomb (V1) hit the Chapel during the Sunday morning service. Title: Crawford House (Boston, Massachusetts) Passage: The Crawford House was a hotel and restaurant in downtown Boston, Massachusetts. Located on Court and Brattle Streets in Scollay Square, it was in operation during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, and was for a time among the leading hotels in the city. The building was demolished in 1962 as part of the Government Center project. Title: Mona Lisa Passage: Mona Lisa Italian: La Gioconda, French: La Joconde Artist Leonardo da Vinci Year c. 1503 -- 06, perhaps continuing until c. 1517 Medium Oil on poplar panel Subject Lisa Gherardini 77 cm × 53 cm (30 in × 21 in) Location Musée du Louvre, Paris Title: Pokhran-II Passage: The Pokhran - II tests were a series of five nuclear bomb test explosions conducted by India at the Indian Army's Pokhran Test Range in May 1998. It was the second instance of nuclear testing conducted by India; the first test, code - named Smiling Buddha, was conducted in May 1974. Title: Jocelyn Gill Passage: Jocelyn R. Gill graduated from Wellesley College in 1938. She worked at Mount Holyoke College as a laboratory assistant and instructor of astronomy, before being hired at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and receiving her PhD at Yale University in 1959. Gill joined NASA in 1961 where she worked on the manned space program, carried out research, held the position of chief of in-flight science from 1963 to 1966, and worked on Project Gemini. She participated in a solar eclipse flight in July 1963 on which she observed the sun's corona and aimed to teach the astronauts travelling with her about astronomy; a field they were not otherwise required to be knowledgeable in. Title: Carol Strickland Passage: Strickland graduated from Rhodes College in Memphis (Tennessee) in 1968. She studied English literature and earned a PhD from the University of Michigan in 1973. She taught at various universities during the 1980, such as Rutgers University and the State University of New York in Stony Brook. During a sabbatical in Geneva, Switzerland, she began writing widely on contemporary art. Having returned to the United States, she regularly published articles in The Christian Science Monitor, The New York Times, and the Wall Street Journal, but also for magazines, such as The Nation and Art & Antiques. Her articles are mainly focused on art and architecture. She is also the author of "The Annotated Mona Lisa" and "The Annotated Arch". "The Annotated Mona Lisa" includes articles on art history and architectural history from antiquity to the post-modern period. It has been translated in various languages. Title: Yale University Passage: In 1718, at the behest of either Rector Samuel Andrew or the colony's Governor Gurdon Saltonstall, Cotton Mather contacted a successful businessman named Elihu Yale, who lived in Wales but had been born in Boston and whose father, David, had been one of the original settlers in New Haven, to ask him for financial help in constructing a new building for the college. Through the persuasion of Jeremiah Dummer, Yale, who had made a fortune through trade while living in Madras as a representative of the East India Company, donated nine bales of goods, which were sold for more than £560, a substantial sum at the time. Cotton Mather suggested that the school change its name to Yale College. Meanwhile, a Harvard graduate working in England convinced some 180 prominent intellectuals that they should donate books to Yale. The 1714 shipment of 500 books represented the best of modern English literature, science, philosophy and theology. It had a profound effect on intellectuals at Yale. Undergraduate Jonathan Edwards discovered John Locke's works and developed his original theology known as the "new divinity." In 1722 the Rector and six of his friends, who had a study group to discuss the new ideas, announced that they had given up Calvinism, become Arminians, and joined the Church of England. They were ordained in England and returned to the colonies as missionaries for the Anglican faith. Thomas Clapp became president in 1745, and struggled to return the college to Calvinist orthodoxy; but he did not close the library. Other students found Deist books in the library. Title: Henry Wellesley, 3rd Duke of Wellington Passage: Henry Wellesley, 3rd Duke of Wellington (Apsley House, 5 April 1846 – 8 June 1900, Strathfieldsaye) was a British peer and Conservative Party politician. He was the son of Lord Charles Wellesley and grandson of the 1st Duke of Wellington. Title: Peter Salovey Passage: Peter Salovey (; born February 21, 1958) is an American social psychologist and current President of Yale University. He previously served as Yale's Provost, Dean of Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, and Dean of Yale College. Salovey is one of the early pioneers and leading researchers in emotional intelligence.	[ "Crawford House (Boston, Massachusetts)", "Mona Lisa Smile", "Yale University" ]
How close is Wrigley Field to where the city A League of Their Own is set gets its drinking water from?	less than a mile to the east	[ "Mile" ]	Title: Tuvalu Passage: In July 2012 a United Nations Special Rapporteur called on the Tuvalu Government to develop a national water strategy to improve access to safe drinking water and sanitation. In 2012, Tuvalu developed a National Water Resources Policy under the Integrated Water Resource Management (IWRM) Project and the Pacific Adaptation to Climate Change (PACC) Project, which are sponsored by the Global Environment Fund/SOPAC. Government water planning has established a target of between 50 and 100L of water per person per day accounting for drinking water, cleaning, community and cultural activities. Title: Adolescence Passage: Research has generally shown striking uniformity across different cultures in the motives behind teen alcohol use. Social engagement and personal enjoyment appear to play a fairly universal role in adolescents' decision to drink throughout separate cultural contexts. Surveys conducted in Argentina, Hong Kong, and Canada have each indicated the most common reason for drinking among adolescents to relate to pleasure and recreation; 80% of Argentinian teens reported drinking for enjoyment, while only 7% drank to improve a bad mood. The most prevalent answers among Canadian adolescents were to "get in a party mood," 18%; "because I enjoy it," 16%; and "to get drunk," 10%. In Hong Kong, female participants most frequently reported drinking for social enjoyment, while males most frequently reported drinking to feel the effects of alcohol. Title: Israel Passage: Israel is one of the world's technological leaders in water technology. In 2011, its water technology industry was worth around $2 billion a year with annual exports of products and services in the tens of millions of dollars. The ongoing shortage of water in the country has spurred innovation in water conservation techniques, and a substantial agricultural modernization, drip irrigation, was invented in Israel. Israel is also at the technological forefront of desalination and water recycling. The Ashkelon seawater reverse osmosis (SWRO) plant, the largest in the world, was voted 'Desalination Plant of the Year' in the Global Water Awards in 2006. Israel hosts an annual Water Technology Exhibition and Conference (WaTec) that attracts thousands of people from across the world. By 2014, Israel's desalination programs provided roughly 35% of Israel's drinking water and it is expected to supply 40% by 2015 and 70% by 2050. As of May 29, 2015 more than 50 percent of the water for Israeli households, agriculture and industry is artificially produced. As a result of innovations in reverse osmosis technology, Israel is set to become a net exporter of water in the coming years. Title: Sloan Park Passage: Sloan Park is an American baseball park in Mesa, Arizona which opened in 2014. The primary operator is the Chicago Cubs and the ballpark serves as their spring training home and is also the home of the Arizona League Cubs of the Arizona League and the Mesa Solar Sox of the Arizona Fall League. Sloan Park was built and paid for by residents of the City of Mesa, approved by ballot measure. It was primarily built to house spring training operations for the Chicago Cubs, who had previously played at nearby Hohokam Stadium. The stadium design was led by Populous. The dimensions of the playing surface closely match those of the Cubs' regular home stadium, Wrigley Field. Title: Carabao Energy Drink Passage: Carabao Dang Energy Drink (; ) "Khārābāw dæng" ("red water buffalo") is a Thai energy drink launched in 2002 by Carabao Tawandang Co Ltd. It is now Thailand's second most popular energy drink. It is the key brand of Carabao Tawandang in Thailand, with an estimated 21 percent market share in 2014. Title: A League of Their Own Passage: Dottie and Kit head out to Harvey Field in Chicago for the tryout. There they meet a pair of New Yorkers, taxi dancer ``All the Way ''Mae Mordabito (Madonna) and her best friend, bouncer Doris Murphy (Rosie O'Donnell), along with soft - spoken right fielder Evelyn Gardner (Bitty Schram), illiterate, shy left fielder Shirley Baker (Ann Cusack), pitcher / shortstop and former Miss Georgia beauty queen Ellen Sue Gotlander (Freddie Simpson), gentle left field / relief pitcher Betty`` Spaghetti'' Horn (Tracy Reiner), homely second baseman Marla Hooch (Megan Cavanagh), who was scouted by Ernie, Dottie and Kit in Fort Collins, Colorado, first baseman Helen Haley (Anne Ramsay), and Saskatchewan native Alice ``Skeeter ''Gaspers (Renée Coleman). They and eight others are selected to form the Rockford Peaches, while 48 others are split among the Racine Belles, Kenosha Comets, and South Bend Blue Sox. Title: Philadelphia Passage: Historically, Philadelphia sourced its water by the Fairmount Water Works, the nation's first major urban water supply system. In 1909, Water Works was decommissioned as the city transitioned to modern sand filtration methods. Today, the Philadelphia Water Department (PWD) provides drinking water, wastewater collection, and stormwater services for Philadelphia, as well as surrounding counties. PWD draws about 57 percent of its drinking water from the Delaware River and the balance from the Schuylkill River. The public wastewater system consists of three water pollution control plants, 21 pumping stations, and about 3,657 miles of sewers. A 2007 investigation by the Environmental Protection Agency found elevated levels of Iodine-131 in the city's potable water.[citation needed] In 2012, the EPA's readings discovered that the city had the highest readings of I-131 in the nation. The city campaigned against an Associated Press report that the high levels of I-131 were the results of local gas drilling in the Upper Delaware River.[citation needed] Title: Chicago Cubs Passage: Another unofficial but much more well-known mascot is Ronnie "Woo Woo" Wickers who is a longtime fan and local celebrity in the Chicago area. He is known to Wrigley Field visitors for his idiosyncratic cheers at baseball games, generally punctuated with an exclamatory "Woo!" (e.g., "Cubs, woo! Cubs, woo! Big-Z, woo! Zambrano, woo! Cubs, woo!") Longtime Cubs announcer Harry Caray dubbed Wickers "Leather Lungs" for his ability to shout for hours at a time. He is not employed by the team, although the club has on two separate occasions allowed him into the broadcast booth and allow him some degree of freedom once he purchases or is given a ticket by fans to get into the games. He is largely allowed to roam the park and interact with fans by Wrigley Field security. Title: Turbidity Passage: Governments have set standards on the allowable turbidity in drinking water. In the United States, systems that use conventional or direct filtration methods turbidity can not be higher than 1.0 nephelometric turbidity units (NTU) at the plant outlet and all samples for turbidity must be less than or equal to 0.3 NTU for at least 95 percent of the samples in any month. Systems that use filtration other than the conventional or direct filtration must follow state limits, which must include turbidity at no time exceeding 5 NTU. Many drinking water utilities strive to achieve levels as low as 0.1 NTU. The European standards for turbidity state that it must be no more than 4 NTU. The World Health Organization, establishes that the turbidity of drinking water should not be more than 5 NTU, and should ideally be below 1 NTU. Title: Chicago Cubs Passage: The confusion may stem from the fact that Major League Baseball did decide that, should the Cubs make it to the World Series, the American League winner would have home field advantage unless the Cubs hosted home games at an alternate site since the Cubs home field of Wrigley Field did not yet have lights. Rumor was the Cubs could hold home games across town at Comiskey Park, home of the American League's Chicago White Sox. Rather than hold any games in the cross town rival Sox Park, the Cubs made arrangements with the August A. Busch, owner of the St. Louis Cardinals, to use Busch Stadium in St. Louis as the Cubs "home field" for the World Series. This was approved by Major League Baseball and would have enabled the Cubs to host games 1 and 2, along with games 6 and 7 if necessary. At the time home field advantage was rotated between each league. Odd numbered years the AL had home field advantage. Even numbered years the NL had home field advantage. In the 1982 World Series the St. Louis Cardinals of the NL had home field advantage. In the 1983 World Series the Baltimore Orioles of the AL had home field advantage. Title: Chicago Cubs Passage: The curious location on Catalina Island stemmed from Cubs owner William Wrigley Jr.'s then-majority interest in the island in 1919. Wrigley constructed a ballpark on the island to house the Cubs in spring training: it was built to the same dimensions as Wrigley Field. (The ballpark is long gone, but a clubhouse built by Wrigley to house the Cubs exists as the Catalina County Club.) However, by 1951 the team chose to leave Catalina Island and spring training was shifted to Mesa, Arizona. The Cubs' 30-year association with Catalina is chronicled in the book, The Cubs on Catalina, by Jim Vitti . . . which was named International 'Book of the Year' by The Sporting News. Title: Chicago Cubs Passage: The Chicago Cubs are an American professional baseball team located on the North Side of Chicago, Illinois. The Cubs compete in Major League Baseball (MLB) as a members of the National League (NL) Central division; the team plays its home baseball games at Wrigley Field. The Cubs are also one of two active major league teams based in Chicago; the other is the Chicago White Sox, who are a member of the American League (AL) Central division. The team is currently owned by Thomas S. Ricketts, son of TD Ameritrade founder Joe Ricketts. Title: Plymouth Passage: Since 1973 Plymouth has been supplied water by South West Water. Prior to the 1973 take over it was supplied by Plymouth County Borough Corporation. Before the 19th century two leats were built in order to provide drinking water for the town. They carried water from Dartmoor to Plymouth. A watercourse, known as Plymouth or Drake's Leat, was opened on 24 April 1591 to tap the River Meavy. The Devonport Leat was constructed to carry fresh drinking water to the expanding town of Devonport and its ever growing dockyard. It was fed by three Dartmoor rivers: The West Dart, Cowsic and Blackabrook. It seems to have been carrying water since 1797, but it was officially completed in 1801. It was originally designed to carry water to Devonport town, but has since been shortened and now carries water to Burrator Reservoir, which feeds most of the water supply of Plymouth. Burrator Reservoir is located about 5 miles (8 km) north of the city and was constructed in 1898 and expanded in 1928. Title: Canal de l'Aqueduc Passage: The Canal de l'Aqueduc is an open-air aqueduct canal on the Island of Montreal in Quebec, Canada, serving part of the drinking water needs of the city of Montreal. Title: Water cribs in Chicago Passage: The water cribs in Chicago are structures built to house and protect offshore water intakes used to supply the City of Chicago with drinking water from Lake Michigan. Water is collected and transported through tunnels located close to 200 feet beneath the lake, varying in shape from circular to oval, and ranging in diameter from 10 to 20 feet. The tunnels lead from the cribs to one of two water purification plants located onshore, the Jardine Water Purification Plant (the world's largest) and the Eugene Sawyer Water Purification Plant, where the water is then treated before being pumped to all parts of the city as well as 118 suburbs. Title: Wrigley Field Passage: In April and May the wind often comes off Lake Michigan (less than a mile to the east), which means a northeast wind ``blowing in ''to knock down potential home runs and turn them into outs. In the summer, however, or on any warm and breezy day, the wind often comes from the south and the southwest, which means the wind is`` blowing out'' and has the potential to turn normally harmless fly balls into home runs. A third variety is the cross-wind, which typically runs from the left field corner to the right field corner and causes all sorts of havoc. Depending on the direction of the wind, Wrigley can either be one of the friendliest parks in the major leagues for pitchers or among the worst. This makes Wrigley one of the most unpredictable parks in the Major Leagues. Title: Water fluoridation in Australia Passage: Fluoride was first added to the drinking water for the Victorian town of Bacchus Marsh in 1962, with Melbourne beginning fluoridation in 1977. The towns of Portland, Nhill, Port Fairy, Barnawartha, and Kaniva have naturally occurring fluoride in their drinking water. In August 2012 approximately 90% of the Victorian population had access to fluoridated water. The fluoridation of Victoria's drinking water supplies is regulated by the Health (Fluoridation) Act 1973, by the Department of Health. Title: Safe Drinking Water Act Passage: Safe Drinking Water Act Long title An Act to amend the Public Health Service Act to assure that the public is provided with safe drinking water, and for other purposes Nicknames SDWA Enacted by the 93rd United States Congress Effective December 16, 1974 Citations Public law Pub. L. 93 - 523 Statutes at Large 88 Stat. 1660 (1974) Codification Titles amended 42 U.S.C. sections created 42 U.S.C. § 300f Legislative history Introduced in the Senate as S. 433 by Warren Magnuson (D -- WA) on January 18, 1973 Committee consideration by Senate Commerce, House Commerce Passed the Senate on June 22, 1973 Passed the House on November 19, 1974 (296 - 84 as H.R. 13002) with amendment Senate agreed to House amendment on November 26, 1974 () with further amendment House agreed to Senate amendment on December 3, 1974 () Signed into law by President Gerald Ford on December 16, 1974 Major amendments Safe Drinking Water Act Amendments of 1986, Safe Drinking Water Act Amendments of 1996 Title: PABR Dam Passage: Penna Ahobilam Balancing Reservoir (PABR) is an irrigation project located across Penna River in Anantapur district of Andhra Pradesh state in India. Anantapur city gets its drinking water from the PABR. The reservoir with live storage capacity of 305 million cubic metres is mainly fed by Tungabhadra high level canal originating from the Tungabhadra Dam to the extent of 10 Tmcft water. A 20 MW hydro electric power station is also constructed at the dam site. Title: Chicago Cubs Passage: The shift in the Cubs' fortunes was characterized June 23 on the "NBC Saturday Game of the Week" contest against the St. Louis Cardinals. it has since been dubbed simply "The Sandberg Game." With the nation watching and Wrigley Field packed, Sandberg emerged as a superstar with not one, but two game-tying home runs against Cardinals closer Bruce Sutter. With his shots in the 9th and 10th innings Wrigley Field erupted and Sandberg set the stage for a comeback win that cemented the Cubs as the team to beat in the East. No one would catch them, except the Padres in the playoffs.	[ "Water cribs in Chicago", "Wrigley Field", "A League of Their Own" ]
In The Man Who Invented Christmas, who played the author of David Copperfield?	Dan Stevens	[ "Daniel Jonathan Stevens" ]	Title: Practice to Deceive Passage: Practice to Deceive is a 2013 book by the American author Ann Rule that details the murder of Russel Douglas, found shot between the eyes in his car on Whidbey Island, north of Seattle, Washington, the day after Christmas Day 2003. The book was released in October 2013 by Simon & Schuster's Gallery Books imprint. Title: Mister Tinker in Oz Passage: Mister Tinker in Oz is an apocryphal Oz book, authored by James Howe and published in 1985 by Random House involving an inventor responsible for Tik-Tok the Clockwork man and Dorothy and their adventure in Oz. Title: Proven Guilty (The Dresden Files) Passage: Proven Guilty is the 8th book in "The Dresden Files", Jim Butcher's continuing series about wizard detective Harry Blackstone Copperfield Dresden. "Proven Guilty" had a release date of May 2, 2006. Title: Remembering Babylon Passage: Remembering Babylon is a book by David Malouf written in 1993. It won the inaugural International Dublin Literary Award and was shortlisted for the Man Booker Prize and the Miles Franklin Award. Title: KMXA-FM Passage: KMXA-FM "Mix 99.9" is an Adult Contemporary radio station in Minot, North Dakota owned by iHeartMedia, Inc.. During the Christmas season "Mix 99.9" plays continuous Christmas music. The station begins playing the Christmas music the day after Thanksgiving and runs until Christmas Day. Title: The Keepsake Passage: The Keepsake was an English literary annual which ran from 1828 to 1857, published each Christmas (beginning with Christmas 1827) for perusal during the year of the title. Like other literary annuals, "The Keepsake" was an anthology of short fiction, poetry, essays, and engraved illustrations. It was a gift book designed to appeal to young women, and was distinctive for its binding of scarlet dress silk and the quality of its illustrations. Although the literature in "The Keepsake" and other annuals is often regarded as second-rate, many of the contributors to The Keepsake are canonical authors of the Romantic period. Title: James Steerforth Passage: James Steerforth is a character in the novel "David Copperfield" by Charles Dickens. He is a handsome young man noted for his wit and romantic charm. Though he is well liked by his friends, he proves himself to be condescending and lacking in consideration for others. Title: Uriah Heep (band) Passage: From the very beginning, Spice avoided playing covers and, according to Box, always strove ``... to do something original. ''Managed initially by Newton's father, the band climbed their way up to The Marquee level, then got signed by Gerry Bron (the Hit Record Productions Ltd.'s boss) who saw the band at the Blues Loft club in High Wycombe.`` I thought they were a band I could develop and I took them on that basis,'' remembered Bron later. He became the band's manager and signed them to Vertigo Records, the newly formed Philips label. The four - piece found themselves booked into the Lansdowne Studios in London, still under the name of Spice. Then the name was changed to that of the well - known character from David Copperfield, Uriah Heep (for, according to biographer Kirk Blows, ``Dickens' name being everywhere around Christmas' 69 due to it being the hundredth anniversary of his death ''). According to Dave Ling's 2001 autobiography of the band, Wizards and Demons, The Uriah Heep Story, though the`` Uriah Heep'' moniker was chosen in December 1969, the band continued to play gigs as ``Spice ''until Ken Hensley joined in February 1970. Uriah Heep then decided to widen the sound.`` We'd actually recorded half the first album when we decided that keyboards would be good for our sound. I was a big Vanilla Fudge fan, with their Hammond organ and searing guitar on top, and we had David's high vibrato vocals anyway so that's how we decided to shape it,'' Box recalled. Gerry Bron brought in session player Colin Wood, followed by Ken Hensley, a former colleague of Newton in the Gods, who was then playing guitar in Toe Fat. ``I saw a lot of potential in the group to do something very different, ''remembered Hensley. Title: Ant-Man Passage: Ant-Man is the name of several fictional superheroes appearing in books published by Marvel Comics. Created by Stan Lee, Larry Lieber and Jack Kirby, Ant-Man's first appearance was in "Tales to Astonish" #35 (September 1962). The persona was originally the brilliant scientist Hank Pym's superhero alias after inventing a substance that can change size, but Scott Lang and Eric O'Grady also took on the mantle after the original changed his superhero identity to various other aliases, such as Giant-Man, Goliath, and Yellowjacket. Title: David Copperfield Passage: David Copperfield is the eighth novel by Charles Dickens. The novel's full title is The Personal History, Adventures, Experience and Observation of David Copperfield the Younger of Blunderstone Rookery (Which He Never Meant to Publish on Any Account). It was first published as a serial in 1849 -- 50, and as a book in 1850. Many elements of the novel follow events in Dickens's own life, and it is often considered his veiled autobiography. It was Dickens' favourite among his own novels. In the preface to the 1867 edition, Dickens wrote, ``like many fond parents, I have in my heart of hearts a favourite child. And his name is David Copperfield. ''The novel describes the journey of the protagonist David Copperfield; modeled after Dickens himself, from impoverished and miserable childhood to becoming a successful and famous author. Like some of his other novels, it contains disturbing descriptions of child abuse. Title: Edward Murdstone Passage: Edward Murdstone (commonly known as Mr. Murdstone) is a fictional character and one of the primary antagonists in the first part of the Charles Dickens novel "David Copperfield". Title: Uriah Heep Passage: Uriah Heep is a fictional character created by Charles Dickens in his novel "David Copperfield". Heep is one of the main antagonists of the novel. His character is notable for his cloying humility, obsequiousness, and insincerity, making frequent references to his own umbleness". His name has become synonymous with sycophancy. Title: David Copperfield (1969 film) Passage: David Copperfield is a 1969 British American international co-production television film directed by Delbert Mann based on the novel of the same name by Charles Dickens adapted by Jack Pulman. The film was made in the UK for 20th Century Fox Television with some exteriors filmed in Suffolk. Some interior scenes were filmed at The Swan Hotel in Southwold. Title: The Moves Make the Man Passage: The Moves Make The Man is a sports novel written by award-winning author Bruce Brooks that deals with many issues in society including racism, domestic violence, abuse, and family deaths. It was chosen best book of 1984 by School Library Journal (SLJ), ALA Notable Children's Book, notable book of the year New York Times, and won the Boston Globe-Horn Book Award and a Newbery Honor in 1985. Title: The Man Who Invented Christmas (film) Passage: The Man Who Invented Christmas is a 2017 biographical drama film directed by Bharat Nalluri and written by Susan Coyne based on the book of the same name by Les Standiford. It stars Dan Stevens, Christopher Plummer, and Jonathan Pryce. The plot follows Charles Dickens (Stevens) at the time when he wrote A Christmas Carol, and how Dickens' fictional character Ebenezer Scrooge (Plummer) was influenced by his real - life father, John Dickens (Pryce). Title: Ecclesiastes Passage: In traditional Jewish texts, King Solomon is named as the author, although modern scholars reject this. Textually, the book is the musings of a King of Jerusalem as he relates his experiences and draws lessons from them, often self - critical. The author, who is not named anywhere in the book, or in the whole of the Bible, introduces a ``teacher ''whom he identifies as the son of David (ch1, v1). The author does not use his own`` voice'' throughout the book again until the final verses (ch12, v9 -- 14), where he gives his own thoughts and summarises what ``the teacher ''has spoken. Title: A Christmas Story Passage: A Christmas Story is a 1983 American Metrocolor Christmas comedy film directed by Bob Clark, and based on Jean Shepherd's semi-fictional anecdotes in his 1966 book In God We Trust: All Others Pay Cash, with some elements from his 1971 book Wanda Hickey's Night of Golden Memories. Now a Christmas season classic in the United States, it is shown numerous times on television, usually on the networks owned by the Turner Broadcasting System. Since 1997, a marathon of the film titled ``24 Hours of A Christmas Story ''has aired annually on TNT and / or TBS, comprising twelve consecutive airings of the film on both Christmas Eve and Christmas Day each year. Title: A Man Without Words Passage: A Man Without Words is a book by Susan Schaller, first published in 1991, with a foreword by author and neurologist Oliver Sacks. The book is a case study of a 27-year-old deaf man whom Schaller teaches to sign for the first time, challenging the Critical Period Hypothesis that humans cannot learn language after a certain age. Title: Divine Justice (novel) Passage: Divine Justice is a crime novel written by American author David Baldacci. This is the fourth installment to feature the Camel Club. The book was initially published on November 4, 2008 by Grand Central Publishing. Title: Dan Stevens Passage: Daniel Jonathan Stevens (born 10 October 1982) is an English actor. He first drew international attention for his role as Matthew Crawley in the ITV acclaimed period drama series Downton Abbey (2010 -- 12). He also starred as David in the thriller film The Guest (2014), Sir Lancelot in the adventure film Night at the Museum: Secret of the Tomb (2014), The Beast / Prince in Disney's live action adaptation of Beauty and the Beast (2017), Lorin Willis in the biographical legal drama Marshall (2017), and Charles Dickens in the biographical drama The Man Who Invented Christmas (2017). Since 2017, he has starred as David Haller in the FX series Legion.	[ "David Copperfield", "The Man Who Invented Christmas (film)" ]
In which county is the city where Joshua Hill died?	Jefferson County	[]	Title: List of Governors of Plateau State Passage: Name Title Took Office Left Office Party Joseph Gomwalk Governor 1966 July 1975 Military Dan Suleiman Governor March 1976 July 1978 (Military) Joshua Anaja Governor July 1978 October 1979 (Military) Solomon Lar Governor October 1979 December 1983 NPP Samuel Atukum Governor January 1984 August 1985 (Military) Chris Alli Governor August 1985 1986 (Military) Lawrence Onoja Governor 1986 July 1988 (Military) Aliyu Kama Governor July 1988 August 1990 (Military) Joshua Madaki Governor August 1990 January 1992 (Military) Fidelis Tapgun Governor January 1992 November 1993 SDP Mohammed Mana Administrator 9 December 1993 22 August 1996 (Military) Habibu Idris Shuaibu Administrator 22 August 1996 August 1998 (Military) Musa Shehu Administrator August 1998 May 1999 (Military) Joshua Dariye Governor 29 May 1999 18 May 2004 PDP Chris Alli Interim Administrator 18 May 2004 18 November 2004 - Joshua Dariye Governor 18 November 2004 13 November 2006 PDP Michael Botmang Governor 13 November 2006 27 April 2007 PDP Joshua Dariye Governor 27 April 2007 29 May 2007 PDP Jonah David Jang Governor 29 May 2007 29 May 2015 PDP Simon Bako Lalong Governor 29 May 2015 APC Title: Anthony Joshua vs. Wladimir Klitschko Passage: Anthony Joshua vs. Wladimir Klitschko was a professional boxing match contested between Anthony Joshua and Wladimir Klitschko. The event took place on 29 April 2017 at Wembley Stadium in London, England, with Joshua's IBF and the vacant WBA (Super) and IBO heavyweight titles on the line. Joshua won the match via technical knockout in the 11th round. Klitschko announced his retirement from boxing a few months after the fight. Title: Galata Monastery Passage: The Galata Monastery () is a Romanian Orthodox monastery for nuns, founded at the end of the sixteenth century by Moldavian Voivode Petru Şchiopul, in the west of Iaşi, Romania. The monastery is located on the top of Galata Hill, and can be easily observed from different locations of Iasi. The church, surrounded by walls with loopholes and provided with a bell tower at the entrance, looks like a fortress, often serving as a place of defense and sometimes as a royal residence. Near the church on the hill, are places that provide panoramic views over the city. Title: Bogotá Passage: Bogotá (/ ˈboʊɡətɑː /, / ˌbɒɡəˈtɑː /, / ˌboʊ - /; Spanish pronunciation: (boɣoˈta) (listen)), officially Bogotá, Distrito Capital, abbreviated Bogotá, D.C., and formerly known as Santafé de Bogotá between 1991 and 2000, is the capital and largest city of Colombia, administered as the Capital District, although often thought of as part of Cundinamarca. Bogotá is a territorial entity of the first order, with the same administrative status as the departments of Colombia. It is the political, economic, administrative, industrial, artistic, cultural, and sports center of the country. Title: British Togoland Passage: British Togoland, officially the Mandate Territory of Togoland and later officially the Trust Territory of Togoland, was a territory in West Africa, under the administration of the United Kingdom. It was effectively formed in 1916 by the splitting of the German protectorate of Togoland into two territories, French Togoland and British Togoland, during the First World War. Initially, it was a League of Nations Class B mandate. In 1922, British Togoland was formally placed under British rule while French Togoland, now Togo, was placed under French rule. Title: Madison, Indiana Passage: Madison is a city in and the county seat of Jefferson County, Indiana, United States, along the Ohio River. As of the 2017 United States Census estimate its population was 11,777. Over 55,000 people live within of downtown Madison. Madison is the largest city along the Ohio River between Louisville and Cincinnati. Madison is one of the core cities of the Louisville-Elizabethtown-Madison metroplex, an area with a population of approximately 1.5 million. In 2006, the majority of Madison's downtown area was designated the largest contiguous National Historic Landmark in the United States—133 blocks of the downtown area is known as the Madison Historic Landmark District. Title: Khabarovsky District Passage: Khabarovsky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the seventeen in Khabarovsk Krai, Russia. It consists of two unconnected segments separated by the territory of Amursky District, which are located in the southwest of the krai. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Khabarovsk (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population: Title: Paea Passage: Paea is a commune in the suburbs of Papeete in French Polynesia, an overseas territory of France in the southern Pacific Ocean. Paea is located on the island of Tahiti, in the administrative subdivision of the Windward Islands, themselves part of the Society Islands. At the 2017 census it had a population of 13,021. Title: Dallol (woreda) Passage: Dallol is one of the woredas in the Afar Region of Ethiopia. This woreda is named for the former mining settlement of Dallol, which set the record for the hottest inhabited place on Earth, with an average temperature of 34° C. Located at the northernmost point of the Administrative Zone 2, Dallol's territory includes part of the Afar Depression. This woreda is bordered on the south by Koneba, on the west by the Tigray Region, on the north by Eritrea, and on the east and south by Berhale. Detailed information is not available for the settlements in this woreda. Title: Northeast India Passage: State Historic Name Capital (s) Statehood Arunachal Pradesh North - East Frontier Agency Itanagar 1987 (earlier a Union Territory of India, constituted in 1971) Assam Pragjyotisha, Kamarupa Shillong (till 1969), Dispur 1947 Manipur Kangleipak Imphal 1971 (earlier a Union Territory of India, constituted in 1956) Meghalaya Khasi hills, Jaintia hills and Garo hills Shillong 1971 Mizoram Lushai hills Aizawl 1987 (earlier a Union Territory of India, constituted in 1971) Nagaland Naga hills Kohima 1963 Sikkim Sukhim Gangtok Tripura Tipperah Agartala 1971 (earlier a Union Territory of India, constituted in 1956) Title: Ap Lo Chun Passage: Ap Lo Chun () is a small island in the New Territories of Hong Kong. It is located in Ap Chau Bay () between Ap Chau in the east and Sai Ap Chau in the west, with the islet of Ap Tan Pai nearby in the northeast. It is under the administration of North District. Title: Biysky District Passage: Biysky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-nine in Altai Krai, Russia. It is located in the east of the krai and borders with Zonalny, Tselinny, Soltonsky, Krasnogorsky, Sovetsky, and Smolensky Districts, as well as with the territory of the City of Biysk. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Biysk (which is not administratively a part of the district). District's population: Title: Union territory Passage: A union territory is a type of administrative division in the Republic of India. Unlike states, which have their own elected governments, union territories are ruled directly by the Union Government (central government), hence the name ``union territory ''. Union territories in India qualify as federal territories, by definition. Title: Brewster Hill, New York Passage: Brewster Hill is a hamlet (and census-designated place) located in the town of Southeast in Putnam County, New York, United States. As of the 2010 census, the population was 2,089. Title: Shire of Swan Hill Passage: The Shire of Swan Hill was a local government area in northwestern Victoria, Australia, along the Murray River. The shire covered an area of , and existed from 1893 until 1995. From 1939 onwards, Swan Hill itself was managed by a separate entity, ultimately known as the City of Swan Hill. After a large-scale statewide amalgamation program by the Victorian Government in 1994–1995, they were reunited under the Rural City of Swan Hill. Title: Biblioteca Ayacucho Passage: The Biblioteca Ayacucho ("Ayacucho Library") is an editorial entity of the government of Venezuela, founded on September 10, 1974. It is managed by the "Fundación Biblioteca Ayacucho". Its name, "Ayacucho", comes from the intention to honor the definitive and crucial Battle of Ayacucho that took place December 9, 1824 between Spain and the territories of the Americas, prior to the full independence of the continent. Title: Vilnius County Passage: Vilnius County () is the largest of the 10 counties of Lithuania, located in the east of the country around the city Vilnius. On 1 July 2010, the county administration was abolished, and since that date, Vilnius County remains as the territorial and statistical unit. Title: Zec Bras-Coupé–Désert Passage: The ZEC Bras-Coupé-Desert is a "zone d'exploitation contrôlée" (controlled harvesting zone) (ZEC), located in the unorganized territory of Lac-Pythonga in La Vallée-de-la-Gatineau Regional County Municipality, in the administrative region of Outaouais, in Quebec, in Canada. Title: Charles Edward Herbert Passage: Charles Edward Herbert (12 June 1860 – 21 January 1929) was an Australian politician and judge. He was a member of the South Australian House of Assembly from 1900 to 1905, representing the electorate of Northern Territory. He was Government Resident of the Northern Territory from 1905 to 1910. He was then deputy chief judicial officer of the Territory of Papua (later Judge of the Central Court of Papua) from 1910 to 1928. This role saw him serve for extended periods on the Executive Council of Papua, and act as its Administrator and Lieutenant-Governor. During this period, he served as an acting judge of the Supreme Court of the Northern Territory in 1921. He was appointed Administrator of Norfolk Island in 1928, holding the position until his death in 1929. Title: Joshua Hill (politician) Passage: Following the end of the Civil War, Hill was elected to the United States Senate from Georgia as a Republican in 1867. However, he did not serve in the Senate until 1871 when Georgia was readmitted to the United States. He served in the Senate until the end of his term in 1873 and did not run for reelection. He resumed the practice of law and died in Madison, Georgia.	[ "Joshua Hill (politician)", "Madison, Indiana" ]
Who, dropping out of the university employing the person developing Isokon Long Chair, became the person many refer to as the founder of public relations?	Basil Clarke	[]	Title: Isokon Long Chair Passage: The Isokon Long Chair is a chair designed by Marcel Breuer for the Isokon company in 1935-36. The chair is considered one of the most important pieces of furniture to emerge from the inter-war modern movement and it is in the permanent collections of several internationally renowned museums including the Victoria and Albert Museum. Title: Psychoanalytic theory Passage: Psychoanalytic theory is the theory of personality organization and the dynamics of personality development that guides psychoanalysis, a clinical method for treating psychopathology. First laid out by Sigmund Freud in the late 19th century, psychoanalytic theory has undergone many refinements since his work. Psychoanalytic theory came to full prominence in the last third of the twentieth century as part of the flow of critical discourse regarding psychological treatments after the 1960s, long after Freud's death in 1939, and its validity is now widely disputed or rejected. Freud had ceased his analysis of the brain and his physiological studies and shifted his focus to the study of the mind and the related psychological attributes making up the mind, and on treatment using free association and the phenomena of transference. His study emphasized the recognition of childhood events that could influence the mental functioning of adults. His examination of the genetic and then the developmental aspects gave the psychoanalytic theory its characteristics. Starting with his publication of The Interpretation of Dreams in 1899, his theories began to gain prominence. Title: History of public relations Passage: Most textbooks date the establishment of the ``Publicity Bureau ''in 1900 as the start of the modern public relations (PR) profession. Of course, there were many early forms of public influence and communications management in history. Basil Clarke is considered the founder of the public relations profession in Britain with his establishment of Editorial Services in 1924. Academic Noel Turnball points out that systematic PR was employed in Britain first by religious evangelicals and Victorian reformers, especially opponents of slavery. In each case the early promoters focused on their particular movement and were not for hire more generally. Title: Homestead strike Passage: The Homestead strike broke the AA as a force in the American labor movement. Many employers refused to sign contracts with their AA unions while the strike lasted. A deepening in 1889 of the Long Depression led most steel companies to seek wage decreases similar to those imposed at Homestead. Title: Blistex, Incorporated Passage: Blistex is an American company that develops, produces, and markets personal care products. It began as a small family company in 1947. Its focus was to develop and market lip care products in the United States. It then became a private company based in Oak Brook, Illinois that primarily manufactures lip balm, lip ointment, and other lip-related products. It also produces anti-itch ointments, moisturizing lotions, the Odor-Eaters footcare product, and other skin care medications. Title: Tucson, Arizona Passage: Much of Tucson's economic development has been centered on the development of the University of Arizona, which is currently the second largest employer in the city. Davis-Monthan Air Force Base, located on the southeastern edge of the city, also provides many jobs for Tucson residents. Its presence, as well as the presence of the US Army Intelligence Center (Fort Huachuca, the largest employer in the region in nearby Sierra Vista), has led to the development of a significant number of high-tech industries, including government contractors, in the area. The city of Tucson is also a major hub for the Union Pacific Railroad's Sunset Route that links the Los Angeles ports with the South/Southeast regions of the country. Title: Philosophy of space and time Passage: Leibniz describes a space that exists only as a relation between objects, and which has no existence apart from the existence of those objects. Motion exists only as a relation between those objects. Newtonian space provided the absolute frame of reference within which objects can have motion. In Newton's system, the frame of reference exists independently of the objects contained within it. These objects can be described as moving in relation to space itself. For many centuries, the evidence of a concave water surface held authority. Title: Employer Identification Number Passage: The Employer Identification Number (EIN), also known as the Federal Employer Identification Number (FEIN) or the Federal Tax Identification Number, is a unique nine - digit number assigned by the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) to business entities operating in the United States for the purposes of identification. When the number is used for identification rather than employment tax reporting, it is usually referred to as a Taxpayer Identification Number (TIN), and when used for the purposes of reporting employment taxes, it is usually referred to as an EIN. These numbers are used for tax administration and must be not used for any other purpose. For example, the EIN should not be used in tax lien auction or sales, lotteries, etc. Title: Political corruption Passage: Patronage refers to favoring supporters, for example with government employment. This may be legitimate, as when a newly elected government changes the top officials in the administration in order to effectively implement its policy. It can be seen as corruption if this means that incompetent persons, as a payment for supporting the regime, are selected before more able ones. In nondemocracies many government officials are often selected for loyalty rather than ability. They may be almost exclusively selected from a particular group (for example, Sunni Arabs in Saddam Hussein's Iraq, the nomenklatura in the Soviet Union, or the Junkers in Imperial Germany) that support the regime in return for such favors. A similar problem can also be seen in Eastern Europe, for example in Romania, where the government is often accused of patronage (when a new government comes to power it rapidly changes most of the officials in the public sector). Title: Identity (social science) Passage: Anthropologists have most frequently employed the term 'identity' to refer to this idea of selfhood in a loosely Eriksonian way (Erikson 1972) properties based on the uniqueness and individuality which makes a person distinct from others. Identity became of more interest to anthropologists with the emergence of modern concerns with ethnicity and social movements in the 1970s. This was reinforced by an appreciation, following the trend in sociological thought, of the manner in which the individual is affected by and contributes to the overall social context. At the same time, the Eriksonian approach to identity remained in force, with the result that identity has continued until recently to be used in a largely socio-historical way to refer to qualities of sameness in relation to a person's connection to others and to a particular group of people. Title: Kim Hixson Passage: Kim Hixson (born July 26, 1957) was a Democratic Party member of the Wisconsin State Assembly, representing the 43rd Assembly District 2007-2011. He chaired the Colleges and Universities Committee and was a member of the Education, Financial Institutions, Work Force Development, and Consumer Protection committees. He previously served as a member of the Committees on Aging and Long Term Care, and Rural Economic Development. Title: NHibernate Passage: NHibernate is an object-relational mapping (ORM) solution for the Microsoft .NET platform. It provides a framework for mapping an object-oriented domain model to a traditional relational database. Its purpose is to relieve the developer from a significant portion of relational data persistence-related programming tasks. NHibernate is free as open source software that is distributed under the GNU Lesser General Public License. NHibernate is a port of Hibernate. Title: Mexican Riviera Passage: The Mexican Riviera refers collectively to twenty cities and lagoons lying on the western coast of Mexico. Although there are long distances between these cities, they are often collectively referred to as the "Mexican Riviera" because of their many oceanfront resorts and their popularity among tourists. Cruise ships often visit three or four of these destinations on their longer cruises. In a 2005 interview Stanley McDonald, the founder of Princess Cruises, mentioned: Title: Pharmaceutical industry Passage: Some of these estimates also take into account the opportunity cost of investing capital many years before revenues are realized (see Time-value of money). Because of the very long time needed for discovery, development, and approval of pharmaceuticals, these costs can accumulate to nearly half the total expense. A direct consequence within the pharmaceutical industry value chain is that major pharmaceutical multinationals tend to increasingly outsource risks related to fundamental research, which somewhat reshapes the industry ecosystem with biotechnology companies playing an increasingly important role, and overall strategies being redefined accordingly. Some approved drugs, such as those based on re-formulation of an existing active ingredient (also referred to as Line-extensions) are much less expensive to develop. Title: Collective bargaining Passage: The term ``collective bargaining ''was first used in 1891 by Beatrice Webb, a founder of the field of industrial relations in Britain. It refers to the sort of collective negotiations and agreements that had existed since the rise of trade unions during the 18th century. Title: Alberico Gentili Passage: Alberico Gentili (January 14, 1552June 19, 1608) was an Italian lawyer, jurist, and a former standing advocate to the Spanish Embassy in London, who served as the Regius professor of civil law at the University of Oxford for 21 years. Recognised as the founder of the science of international law alongside Francisco de Vitoria and Hugo Grotius, Gentili is perhaps one of the most influential people in legal education ever to have lived. He is one of the three men referred to as the "Father of international law". Gentili has been the earliest writer on public international law and the first person to split secularism from canon law and Roman Catholic theology. In 1587, he became the first non-English Regius Professor. Title: Man's best friend Passage: ``Man's best friend ''is a common phrase about domestic dogs, referring to their millennia - long history of close relations, loyalty, and companionship with humans. The first recorded use of a related phrase is by Frederick the Great of Prussia. It was likely popularized by its use in a poem by Ogden Nash and has since become a common colloquialism. Title: Harvard Five Passage: They were all influenced by Walter Gropius, who founded the Bauhaus in 1919, and thereafter became head of the architecture program at Harvard. Title: Deinstitutionalisation Passage: According to American psychiatrist Loren Mosher, most deinstitutionalisation in the USA took place after 1972, as a result of the availability of SSI and Social Security Disability, long after the antipsychotic drugs were used universally in state hospitals. This period marked the growth in community support funds and community development, including early group homes, the first community mental health apartment programs, drop - in and transitional employment, and sheltered workshops in the community which predated community forms of supportive housing and supported living. Title: Vic Latino Passage: Vic Latino (born Victor J. Canales in Long Island, New York) is an American radio and television personality of Spanish descent. He is co-founder of JVC Broadcasting which owns radio stations on Long Island and in the state of Florida.	[ "Isokon Long Chair", "Harvard Five", "History of public relations" ]
What city do many Somalis reside in the the country that has songs that sound similar to Somalia, along with Arabia and where they migrated from?	Khartoum	[]	Title: Somalis Passage: According to Y chromosome studies by Sanchez et al. (2005), Cruciani et al. (2004, 2007), the Somalis are paternally closely related to other Afro-Asiatic-speaking groups in Northeast Africa. Besides comprising the majority of the Y-DNA in Somalis, the E1b1b1a (formerly E3b1a) haplogroup also makes up a significant proportion of the paternal DNA of Ethiopians, Sudanese, Egyptians, Berbers, North African Arabs, as well as many Mediterranean populations. Sanchez et al. (2005) observed the M78 subclade of E1b1b in about 77% of their Somali male samples. According to Cruciani et al. (2007), the presence of this subhaplogroup in the Horn region may represent the traces of an ancient migration from Egypt/Libya. After haplogroup E1b1b, the second most frequently occurring Y-DNA haplogroup among Somalis is the West Asian haplogroup T (M70). It is observed in slightly more than 10% of Somali males. Haplogroup T, like haplogroup E1b1b, is also typically found among populations of Northeast Africa, North Africa, the Near East and the Mediterranean. Title: Somalis Passage: In the Somali diaspora, multiple Islamic fundraising events are held every year in cities like Birmingham, London, Toronto and Minneapolis, where Somali scholars and professionals give lectures and answer questions from the audience. The purpose of these events is usually to raise money for new schools or universities in Somalia, to help Somalis that have suffered as a consequence of floods and/or droughts, or to gather funds for the creation of new mosques like the Abuubakar-As-Saddique Mosque, which is currently undergoing construction in the Twin cities. Title: Ogaden War Passage: The Ogaden War was a Somali military offensive between July 1977 and March 1978 over the disputed Ethiopian region of Ogaden, which began with the Somali invasion of Ethiopia. The Soviet Union disapproved of the invasion and ceased its support of Somalia, instead starting to support Ethiopia; the United States, conversely, ceased its support of Ethiopia and started supporting Somalia. Ethiopia was saved from a major defeat and a permanent loss of territory through a massive airlift of military supplies (worth $7 billion), the arrival of 16,000 Cuban troops, 1,500 Soviet advisors and two brigades from South Yemen, also airlifted to reinforce Harar. The Ethiopians prevailed at Harar, Dire Dawa and Jijiga, and began to push the Somalis systematically out of the Ogaden. By March 1978, the Ethiopians had captured almost all of the Ogaden, prompting the defeated Somalis to give up their claim to the region. A third of the initial Somali National Army invasion force was killed, and half of the Somali Airforce destroyed; the war left Somalia with a disorganized and demoralized army and an angry population. All of these conditions led to a revolt in the army which eventually spiraled into a civil war and Somalia's current situation. Title: Somalis Passage: In ancient Somalia, pyramidical structures known in Somali as taalo were a popular burial style, with hundreds of these dry stone monuments scattered around the country today. Houses were built of dressed stone similar to the ones in Ancient Egypt. There are also examples of courtyards and large stone walls enclosing settlements, such as the Wargaade Wall. Title: Somalis in the United Kingdom Passage: Somalis in the United Kingdom include British citizens and residents born in, or with ancestors from, Somalia. It is thought that the United Kingdom (UK) is home to the largest Somali community in Europe, with an estimated 98,000 Somali - born immigrants residing in the UK in 2016 according to the Office for National Statistics. The majority of these live in England, with the largest number found in London. Smaller Somali communities exist in Birmingham, Bristol, Manchester, Liverpool, Leicester, Milton Keynes, Sheffield and Cardiff. Title: Bileh Passage: Bileh is a self-styled "spokesman" for Somali pirates operating off the coast of Somalia and based in the town of Eyl in Puntland. Title: Somali Airlines Flight 40 Passage: Somali Airlines Flight 40 was a scheduled domestic Somali Airlines flight on 20 July 1981 from Mogadishu to Hargeisa in Somalia. The aircraft crashed a few minutes after takeoff, and all 44 passengers and six crew on board were killed. Title: Somalis Passage: The peaceful introduction of Islam in the early medieval era of Somalia's history brought Islamic architectural influences from Arabia and Persia. This had the effect of stimulating a shift in construction from drystone and other related materials to coral stone, sundried bricks, and the widespread use of limestone in Somali architecture. Many of the new architectural designs, such as mosques, were built on the ruins of older structures. This practice would continue over and over again throughout the following centuries. Title: Somalis Passage: The birth of Islam on the opposite side of Somalia's Red Sea coast meant that Somali merchants, sailors and expatriates living in the Arabian Peninsula gradually came under the influence of the new religion through their converted Arab Muslim trading partners. With the migration of fleeing Muslim families from the Islamic world to Somalia in the early centuries of Islam and the peaceful conversion of the Somali population by Somali Muslim scholars in the following centuries, the ancient city-states eventually transformed into Islamic Mogadishu, Berbera, Zeila, Barawa and Merca, which were part of the Berberi civilization. The city of Mogadishu came to be known as the City of Islam, and controlled the East African gold trade for several centuries. Title: Omar Mohamed Omar Passage: Omar Mohamed Omar (, ) (1970 - 25 December 2008), also known as Anyeelo, was a Somali basketball player and coach. He was coach of the Somali national team from 2007 until his death. A member and coach of the Somalia national basketball team, Omar died in a car crash in England on 25 December 2008. Title: Somalis Passage: Somalis constitute the largest ethnic group in Somalia, at approximately 85% of the nation's inhabitants. They are traditionally nomads, but since the late 20th century, many have moved to urban areas. While most Somalis can be found in Somalia proper, large numbers also live in Ethiopia, Djibouti, Kenya, Yemen, the Middle East, South Asia and Europe due to their seafaring tradition. Title: Asha Haji Elmi Passage: Asha Haji Elmi (Somali: Caasha Xaaji Cilmi, Arabic: عائشة حاجي علمي‎) (born 1962) is a Somali politician and peace activist. As of August 2012, she is a former member of the Federal Parliament of Somalia. Title: Somalis Passage: Somalis have a rich musical heritage centered on traditional Somali folklore. Most Somali songs are pentatonic. That is, they only use five pitches per octave in contrast to a heptatonic (seven note) scale, such as the major scale. At first listen, Somali music might be mistaken for the sounds of nearby regions such as Ethiopia, Sudan or Arabia, but it is ultimately recognizable by its own unique tunes and styles. Somali songs are usually the product of collaboration between lyricists (midho), songwriters (lahan) and singers ('odka or "voice"). Title: Somalis Passage: Football is the most popular sport amongst Somalis. Important competitions are the Somalia League and Somalia Cup. The multi-ethnic Ocean Stars, Somalia's national team, first participated at the Olympic Games in 1972 and has sent athletes to compete in most Summer Olympic Games since then. The equally diverse Somali beach soccer team also represents the country in international beach soccer competitions. In addition, several international footballers such as Mohammed Ahamed Jama, Liban Abdi, Ayub Daud and Abdisalam Ibrahim have played in European top divisions. Title: Waris Dirie Passage: Dirie along with a few relatives later moved to London, where she resided with and worked for an uncle, who had been appointed Somali ambassador. When his term in office ended, Waris remained in the city and held a job at a local McDonald's. She also began evening classes to learn English. Title: Black people Passage: About 150,000 East African and black people live in Israel, amounting to just over 2% of the nation's population. The vast majority of these, some 120,000, are Beta Israel, most of whom are recent immigrants who came during the 1980s and 1990s from Ethiopia. In addition, Israel is home to over 5,000 members of the African Hebrew Israelites of Jerusalem movement that are descendants of African Americans who emigrated to Israel in the 20th century, and who reside mainly in a distinct neighborhood in the Negev town of Dimona. Unknown numbers of black converts to Judaism reside in Israel, most of them converts from the United Kingdom, Canada, and the United States. Title: Mandera triangle Passage: The residents of the area are mainly ethnic Somalis. Pastoralists routinely move across the various borders while seeking water and pasture for their herds. Experiencing large-scale violence as a result of the civil strife in Somalia, engagements between the Ethiopian military and Somali insurgents, inter-clan warfare, livestock raids between rival herders, targeted attacks, and frequent banditry, the United States Department of State has labeled the area "one of the most conflict-prone areas in the world". It has been reported that weapons shipments from Yemen arrive in Somalia, then make their way across the Mandera triangle prior to being moved across the rest of the African continent. Title: Somalis Passage: Besides their traditional areas of inhabitation in Greater Somalia, a Somali community mainly consisting of entrepreneurs, academics, and students also exists in Egypt. In addition, there is an historical Somali community in the general Sudan area. Primarily concentrated in the north and Khartoum, the expatriate community mainly consists of students as well as some businesspeople. More recently, Somali entrepreneurs have established themselves in Kenya, investing over $1.5 billion in the Somali enclave of Eastleigh alone. In South Africa, Somali businesspeople also provide most of the retail trade in informal settlements around the Western Cape province. Title: Somalia Passage: Somalia (/ səˈmɑːliə / so - MAH - lee - ə; Somali: Soomaaliya; Arabic: الصومال ‎, translit. aṣ - Ṣūmāl), officially the Federal Republic of Somalia (Somali: Jamhuuriyadda Federaalka Soomaaliya; Arabic: جمهورية الصومال الفيدرالية ‎, translit. Jumhūrīyat aṣ - Ṣūmāl al - Fidirālīyah), is a sovereign state with its territory located in the Horn of Africa. It is bordered by Ethiopia to the west, Djibouti to the northwest, the Gulf of Aden to the north, the Guardafui Channel and Indian Ocean to the east, and Kenya to the southwest. It is separated from Socotra by the Guardafui Channel in the northeast. Somalia has the longest coastline on Africa's mainland, and its terrain consists mainly of plateaus, plains and highlands. Climatically, hot conditions prevail year - round, with periodic monsoon winds and irregular rainfall. Title: Somalis Passage: The textile-making communities in Somalia are a continuation of an ancient textile industry, as is the culture of wood carving, pottery and monumental architecture that dominates Somali interiors and landscapes. The cultural diffusion of Somali commercial enterprise can be detected in its cuisine, which contains Southeast Asian influences. Due to the Somali people's passionate love for and facility with poetry, Somalia has often been referred to by scholars as a "Nation of Poets" and a "Nation of Bards" including, among others, the Canadian novelist Margaret Laurence.	[ "Somalis", "Black people" ]
Tuolumne, with Springfield in a neighboring county, in the state where Finding Dory takes place, is in what country?	United States	[ "US of A", "US", "USA" ]	Title: Deadwood, Tuolumne County, California Passage: Deadwood is an unincorporated community in Tuolumne County, California, United States. Deadwood is east of Sonora. Deadwood is located along a logging railroad. Title: Springfield, Tennessee Passage: Springfield is a city in and the county seat of Robertson County, which is located in Middle Tennessee on the northern border of the state. The population was 16,478 at the 2010 census and 16,809 in 2016. Title: Kingdom of Gera Passage: The Kingdom of Gera (1835 – 1887) was one of the kingdoms in the Gibe region of Ethiopia that emerged in the late 19th century. It shared its northern border with the Kingdom of Gumma, its eastern border with the Kingdom of Gomma, and was separated from the Kingdom of Kaffa to the south by the Gojeb River. With its capital at Chala (Cira), the Gera kingdom's territory corresponds approximately with the modern woreda of Gera. Title: Miracle on 34th Street Passage: Attorney Fred Gailey (John Payne), Doris's neighbor, takes the young divorcée's daughter Susan (Natalie Wood) to see Santa. Doris has raised her to not believe in fairy tales, but Susan is shaken after seeing Kris speak Dutch with a girl who does not know English. Doris asks Kringle to tell Susan that he is not Santa, but he insists that he is. Title: Bogotá Passage: Bogotá (/ ˈboʊɡətɑː /, / ˌbɒɡəˈtɑː /, / ˌboʊ - /; Spanish pronunciation: (boɣoˈta) (listen)), officially Bogotá, Distrito Capital, abbreviated Bogotá, D.C., and formerly known as Santafé de Bogotá between 1991 and 2000, is the capital and largest city of Colombia, administered as the Capital District, although often thought of as part of Cundinamarca. Bogotá is a territorial entity of the first order, with the same administrative status as the departments of Colombia. It is the political, economic, administrative, industrial, artistic, cultural, and sports center of the country. Title: Finding Dory Passage: One year later, Dory is living with Marlin and Nemo on their reef. One day, Dory has a flashback and remembers that she has parents. She decides to look for them, but her memory problem is an obstacle. She eventually remembers that they lived at the Jewel of Morro Bay across the ocean in California, thanks to Nemo mentioning its name. Title: Dallol (woreda) Passage: Dallol is one of the woredas in the Afar Region of Ethiopia. This woreda is named for the former mining settlement of Dallol, which set the record for the hottest inhabited place on Earth, with an average temperature of 34° C. Located at the northernmost point of the Administrative Zone 2, Dallol's territory includes part of the Afar Depression. This woreda is bordered on the south by Koneba, on the west by the Tigray Region, on the north by Eritrea, and on the east and south by Berhale. Detailed information is not available for the settlements in this woreda. Title: Gmina Lubawa Passage: Gmina Lubawa is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Iława County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It takes its name from the town of Lubawa, although the town is not part of the territory of the gmina. The administrative seat of the gmina is the village of Fijewo, which lies close to Lubawa. Title: Tuolumne, Stanislaus County, California Passage: Tuolumne is a small unincorporated town in Stanislaus County, California, United States. Near the town is the historic site of, (now defunct), Tuolumne City. Title: Phoenix Lake-Cedar Ridge, California Passage: Phoenix Lake-Cedar Ridge is an unincorporated community and a former census-designated place (CDP) in Tuolumne County, California, United States. The population was 5,108 at the 2000 census. Title: Tuolumne City, Stanislaus County, California Passage: The site has been in Stanislaus County, California since 1854 when it was formed from the western part of the old Tuolumne County. Title: Springfield, California Passage: Springfield is an unincorporated community located in Tuolumne County, California. It is a former California Gold Rush boomtown in the foothills of the Sierra Nevada, and is now designated as a California Historical Landmark. Springfield is located 1.1 mi SW of Columbia another gold rush boomtown. Title: Vilnius County Passage: Vilnius County () is the largest of the 10 counties of Lithuania, located in the east of the country around the city Vilnius. On 1 July 2010, the county administration was abolished, and since that date, Vilnius County remains as the territorial and statistical unit. Title: Latvia Passage: Latvia ( or ; , ), officially the Republic of Latvia (, ), is a country in the Baltic region of Northern Europe. Since its independence, Latvia has been referred to as one of the Baltic states. It is bordered by Estonia to the north, Lithuania to the south, Russia to the east, and Belarus to the southeast, and shares a maritime border with Sweden to the west. Latvia has 1,957,200 inhabitants and a territory of . The country has a temperate seasonal climate. Title: Finding Dory Passage: Marlin and Nemo attempt to rescue Dory. With the help of two California sea lions named Fluke and Rudder and a disfigured common loon named Becky, they manage to get into the institute and find her in the pipe system. Other blue tangs tell them that Dory's parents escaped from the institute a long time ago to search for her and never came back, leaving Dory believing that they have died. Hank retrieves Dory from the tank, accidentally leaving Marlin and Nemo behind. He is then apprehended by one of the employees and unintentionally drops Dory into the drain, flushing her out to the ocean. While wandering aimlessly, she comes across a trail of shells; remembering that when she was young, her parents had set out a similar trail to help her find her way back home, she follows it. At the end of the trail, Dory finds an empty brain coral with multiple shell trails leading to it. As she turns to leave, she sees her parents Jenny and Charlie in the distance. They tell her they spent years laying down the trails for her to follow in the hopes that she would eventually find them. Title: Biysky District Passage: Biysky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-nine in Altai Krai, Russia. It is located in the east of the krai and borders with Zonalny, Tselinny, Soltonsky, Krasnogorsky, Sovetsky, and Smolensky Districts, as well as with the territory of the City of Biysk. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Biysk (which is not administratively a part of the district). District's population: Title: Northern Territory Passage: The Northern Territory (abbreviated as NT) is a federal Australian territory in the central and central northern regions of Australia. It shares borders with Western Australia to the west (129th meridian east), South Australia to the south (26th parallel south), and Queensland to the east (138th meridian east). To the north, the territory is bordered by the Timor Sea, the Arafura Sea and the Gulf of Carpentaria. Despite its large area -- over 1,349,129 square kilometres (520,902 sq mi), making it the third largest Australian federal division -- it is sparsely populated. The Northern Territory's population of 244,000 (2016) makes it the least populous of Australia's eight major states and territories, having fewer than half as many people as Tasmania. Title: Mount Franklin (Australian Capital Territory) Passage: Mount Franklin is a mountain with an elevation of in the Brindabella Ranges that is located on the border between the Australian Capital Territory and New South Wales, Australia. The summit of the mountain is located in the Australian Capital Territory. Title: Tuolumne City, California Passage: Tuolumne is a census-designated place (CDP) in Tuolumne County, California, United States. The population was 1,779 at the 2010 census, down from 1,865 at the 2000 census. Title: Los Angeles Clippers Passage: In what was supposed to be a counter-move, the Coliseum Commission, the management entity that managed the Los Angeles Memorial Sports Arena and Coliseum, had planned to build a new 18,700 - seat arena in the parking lot next to the Sports Arena that would have cost up to $94 million, that would have included 1,100 club seats, 84 luxury suites, and an on - site practice facility for the Clippers. However, those plans were scuttled once planning for Staples Center (two miles directly up the street from the Sports Arena) were taking place, and the Clippers decided to become a tenant at Staples.	[ "Tuolumne City, Stanislaus County, California", "Finding Dory", "Springfield, California", "Tuolumne, Stanislaus County, California" ]
Where are the San Juan mountains in the state where KRST is located?	northwestern New Mexico	[ "New Mexico" ]	Title: KRST Passage: KRST (Nash FM 92.3 KRST) is a commercial radio station located in Albuquerque, New Mexico, broadcasting to the Albuquerque-Santa Fe, New Mexico area on 92.3 FM. KRST airs a country music format owned by Cumulus Media. Its studios are located in Downtown Albuquerque and the transmitter tower is located atop Sandia Crest east of the city. Title: San Juan de Duz Passage: San Juan de Duz is one of 13 parishes (administrative divisions) in the Colunga municipality, within the province and autonomous community of Asturias, in northern Spain. Title: Basilica of the National Shrine of Our Lady of San Juan del Valle Passage: The Basilica of the National Shrine of Our Lady of San Juan del Valle is a Minor Basilica of the Catholic Church located in San Juan, Texas, United States. It is also a National shrine under the direction of the Diocese of Brownsville. Title: Stewart Peak (Colorado) Passage: Stewart Peak, elevation , is a summit in Colorado. The peak is the second highest thirteener (a peak between 13,000 and 13,999 feet in elevation) in the state. It is located in the La Garita Mountains, sub-range of the San Juan Mountains, in Saguache County, within the La Garita Wilderness. Stewart Peak is the 55th highest peak in Colorado by most standard definitions, just missing the list of Colorado fourteeners. At one time, the peak's elevation was measured to be over 14,000 ft and it was believed to be a fourteener, but more recent and accurate surveys have dropped it below that threshold. Title: San Juan Bautista District, Ica Passage: San Juan Bautista District is one of fourteen districts of the Ica Province of the Ica Region of Peru. The District 'seat' is the town of San Juan Bautista. Title: Uncompahgre River Passage: The Uncompahgre River is a tributary of the Gunnison River, approximately 75 mi (121 km) long, in southwestern Colorado in the United States. Lake Como at 12,215 ft (3723m) in northern San Juan County, in the Uncompahgre National Forest in the northwestern San Juan Mountains is the headwaters of the river. It flows northwest past Ouray, Ridgway, Montrose, and Olathe and joins the Gunnison at Confluence Park in Delta. Title: Hurricane Maria Passage: The storm made landfall on Puerto Rico on Wednesday, September 20 as a Category 4 hurricane with winds of 155 mph. A sustained wind of 64 mph (103 km / h) with a gust to 113 mph (182 km / h) was reported in San Juan, Puerto Rico, immediately prior to the hurricane making landfall on the island. After landfall, wind gusts of 109 mph (175 km / h) were reported at Yabucoa Harbor and 118 mph (190 km / h) at Camp Santiago. In addition, very heavy rainfall occurred throughout the territory, peaking at 37.9 in (962.7 mm) in Caguas. Widespread flooding affected San Juan, waist - deep in some areas, and numerous structures lost their roof. The coastal La Perla neighborhood of San Juan was largely destroyed. Cataño saw extensive damage, with the Juana Matos neighborhood estimated to be 80 percent destroyed. The primary airport in San Juan, the Luis Muñoz Marín International Airport, was slated to reopen on September 22. Title: Caucete Department Passage: Caucete is a department in the eastern part of the San Juan Province of Argentina, which is predominantly a landscape of mountains, and many plantations. It contains the popular Shrine of the Difunta Correa. Title: Mission San Juan Bautista Passage: Mission San Juan Bautista is a Spanish mission in San Juan Bautista, San Benito County, California. Founded on June 24, 1797 by Fermín Lasuén of the Franciscan order, the mission was the fifteenth of the Spanish missions established in present - day California. Named for Saint John the Baptist, the mission is the namesake of the city of San Juan Bautista. Title: Celles (Noreña) Passage: Celles (variant: (San Juan de Celles) is one of three parishes (administrative divisions) in Noreña, a municipality within the province and autonomous community of Asturias, in northern Spain. Title: San Juan Mountains Passage: The San Juan Mountains are a high and rugged mountain range in the Rocky Mountains in southwestern Colorado and northwestern New Mexico. The area is highly mineralized (the Colorado Mineral Belt) and figured in the gold and silver mining industry of early Colorado. Major towns, all old mining camps, include Creede, Lake City, Silverton, Ouray, and Telluride. Large scale mining has ended in the region, although independent prospectors still work claims throughout the range. The last large scale mines were the Sunnyside Mine near Silverton, which operated until late in the 20th century and the Idarado Mine on Red Mountain Pass that closed down in the 1970s. Famous old San Juan mines include the Camp Bird and Smuggler Union mines, both located between Telluride and Ouray. Title: Casa Blanca (San Juan) Passage: Casa Blanca is a house museum located in Old San Juan within the historic colonial section of the capital of Puerto Rico. Title: Estadio Country Club Passage: Estadio Country Club is a soccer-specific stadium located in the sector of Country Club in San Juan, Puerto Rico. It is located approximately 13 miles southeast of Old San Juan. Title: Brazos Mountains Passage: The Brazos Mountains is a range in far northern Rio Arriba County, in northern New Mexico in the southwestern United States. The range is part of the southern portion of the San Juan Mountains which are more well known in Colorado. A high crest runs from the border with Colorado for over in a south-southeasterly direction. The high point of the range at is on Grouse Mesa, Title: San Juan, Puerto Rico Passage: San Juan is located along the north - eastern coast of Puerto Rico. It lies south of the Atlantic Ocean; north of Caguas and Trujillo Alto; east of and Guaynabo; and west of Carolina. The city occupies an area of 76.93 square miles (199.2 km), of which, 29.11 square miles (75.4 km) (37.83%) is water. San Juan's main water bodies are San Juan Bay and two natural lagoons, the Condado and San José. Title: Seymour Range Passage: The Seymour Range is a low and small mountain range comprising the mountains/hills between the valley of Cowichan Lake and that of the San Juan River on southern Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada. It has an area of 888 km and is a subrange of the Vancouver Island Ranges which in turn form part of the Insular Mountains. Title: Doheny State Beach Passage: Doheny State Beach is a protected beach in the state park system of California, USA, located on the Pacific Ocean in the city of Dana Point. The beach is a popular surf spot located at the mouth of San Juan Creek, which flows from the Santa Ana Mountains southwest to the beach, where it forms a fresh-water lagoon. It is also one of the most polluted beaches in Southern California. Title: South Mount Hawkins Passage: South Mount Hawkins is located in the San Gabriel Mountains, and contained within the Angeles National Forest. The mountain was named after Nellie Hawkins, a popular waitress of the Squirrel Inn located on the North Fork of the San Gabriel River. Title: Mount Franklin (Australian Capital Territory) Passage: Mount Franklin is a mountain with an elevation of in the Brindabella Ranges that is located on the border between the Australian Capital Territory and New South Wales, Australia. The summit of the mountain is located in the Australian Capital Territory. Title: Mexico City Passage: Mexico City has three zoos. Chapultepec Zoo, the San Juan de Aragon Zoo and Los Coyotes Zoo. Chapultepec Zoo is located in the first section of Chapultepec Park in the Miguel Hidalgo. It was opened in 1924. Visitors can see about 243 specimens of different species including kangaroos, giant panda, gorillas, caracal, hyena, hippos, jaguar, giraffe, lemur, lion, among others. Zoo San Juan de Aragon is near the San Juan de Aragon Park in the Gustavo A. Madero. In this zoo, opened in 1964, there are species that are in danger of extinction such as the jaguar and the Mexican wolf. Other guests are the golden eagle, pronghorn, bighorn sheep, caracara, zebras, African elephant, macaw, hippo, among others. Zoo Los Coyotes is a 27.68-acre (11.2 ha) zoo located south of Mexico City in the Coyoacan. It was inaugurated on February 2, 1999. It has more than 301 specimens of 51 species of wild native or endemic fauna from the Mexico City. You can admire eagles, ajolotes, coyotes, macaws, bobcats, Mexican wolves, raccoons, mountain lions, teporingos, foxes, white-tailed deer.	[ "San Juan Mountains", "KRST" ]
How many national female outdoor track and field championships has Lynette Woodard's university won?	one	[]	Title: 1931 French Championships (tennis) Passage: The 1931 French Championships (now known as the French Open) was a tennis tournament that took place on the outdoor clay courts at the Stade Roland-Garros in Paris, France. The tournament ran from 22 May until 31 May. It was the 36th staging of the French Championships and the second Grand Slam tournament of the year. Jean Borotra and Cilly Aussem won the singles titles. Title: Robby Andrews Passage: Robert Adrian Andrews (born March 29, 1991) is an American middle distance runner who specializes in the 800 and 1500 meters. While competing with University of Virginia he won the men's 800 meters at the 2011 NCAA Division I Outdoor Track and Field Championships. Title: Longino Welch Passage: Longino Welch was an American track and field athlete for Georgia Tech. He won the pole vault competition at the first NCAA track and field championships in 1921 with a jump of 12 feet. Welch graduated from Georgia Tech in 1923 with a degree in electrical engineering. He was inducted into the Georgia Tech Athletics Hall of Fame in 1966. Title: John McDonnell Field Passage: John McDonnell Field is the outdoor track facility at the University of Arkansas in Fayetteville, Arkansas, and is home to the Arkansas Razorbacks. The field is named after former head coach John McDonnell, who ended his thirty-six-year collegiate head coaching career as the most successful coach in NCAA track history, attaining a total of 42 NCAA Championships (although the University was stripped of two due to NCAA sanctions) in three different sports with the Razorbacks. Renovated in 2006, it is one of only ten International Association of Athletics Federations Class 1 certified tracks in the United States (along with Robert C. Haugh Complex - Outdoor Track and Field, Jack Rose Track, Hutsell-Rosen Track, Hayward Field, Roy P. Drachman Stadium, Icahn Stadium, UT San Antonio's Park West Athletic Complex, E.B. Cushing Stadium, and Rock Chalk Park). Title: Tosin Oke Passage: Tosin Oke (born 1 October 1980 in London, England) is a Nigerian track and field athlete, who competes in the triple jump. Born a dual national, he initially competed for Great Britain. He set the current UK junior indoor record and was 1 cm shy of the outdoor junior record. He was the 1999 European Athletics Junior Championships Champion, and came 5th at the 2002 Commonwealth Games. After multiple indoor and outdoor UK titles, he later switched to compete for Nigeria. Since competing for Nigeria he has won back-to-back African Championships in Athletics titles and the Commonwealth Games championship and is the current All-Africa Games Champion. At the 2012 Summer Olympics Oke finished seventh in the triple jump final, the best Nigerian result of the Games. Title: Juliana Silva Passage: Juliana Felisberta da Silva (born 22 July 1983) is a Brazilian female beach volleyball player who won the silver medal in the women's beach team competition at the 2005 Beach Volleyball World Championships in Berlin, Germany and the 2009 Beach Volleyball World Championships in Stavanger, Norway, partnering Larissa França. At the 2011 Beach Volleyball World Championships they won the gold medal. At the 2012 Summer Olympics, they won the bronze medal. Title: Peter Coghlan Passage: Peter Coghlan (born 27 March 1975 in Dublin) is a retired Irish track and field athlete who specialised in the 110 metres hurdles event. He represented his country at the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney, as well as five outdoor and two indoor World Championships. Title: Earl Eby Passage: Earl William Eby (November 18, 1894 – December 14, 1970) was an American sprinter who won a silver medal in the 800 m at the 1920 Summer Olympics. Earlier at the 1919 Inter-Allied Games he won the 400 m event and placed second in the 800 m to New Zealand's Daniel Mason. He won the 800 m event at the 1920 USA Outdoor Track and Field Championships. Title: Kelley Bowman Passage: Kelley Bowman (born March 26, 1983 in Richmond, Kentucky) is an NCAA All American high jumper for the University of Louisville. The Rockcastle County native finished third at the 2006 NCAA Outdoor Championships with a jump of 1.86 meters or 6 feet 1¼ inches, which broke the University of Louisville school record. She is only the second University of Louisville female Track and Field athlete to ever be named an All American. Title: Sarah Docter Passage: Sarah Beth Docter (born May 10, 1964) is a retired American speed skater. She won several U.S. national championships in the 1970s, and in 1978 she won U.S. national titles in both short track and long track. That year she went on to the world short-track championships, in which she won the 1500 m and 3000 m events and the overall competition. In 1980, she competed in all speed skating events at the 1980 Winter Olympics in Lake Placid, New York, with the best achievement of tenth place in the 3000 m. In addition to skating career, she is also a cyclist, and once took part in the World Cycling Championships. Title: Kéné Ndoye Passage: Kéné Ndoye (born November 20, 1978) is a female track and field athlete, competing internationally for Senegal. She was 14th in the triple jump at the 2004 Olympic Games in Athens, Greece. Title: Naman Keïta Passage: Naman Keïta (born 9 April 1978 in Paris, France) is a track and field athlete, who takes part in the 400 m hurdles and 4 x 400m relay, competing internationally for France. He won the 4x400m relay gold medal at the 2003 World Championships in Paris, France. He was the bronze medalist in the 400 metres hurdles at the 2004 Olympic Games in Athens, Greece. Besides, he won a gold medal and a bronze medal in the 4x400 m relay at the European Athletics Championships. Title: Carlette Guidry-White Passage: Carlette D. Guidry (also known as Guidry-White and Guidry-Falkquay; born September 4, 1968, in Houston, Texas) is an American former sprinter who won the Olympic gold medal of the 4 x 100 metres relay in 1992 in Barcelona and again in 1996 in Atlanta. She also competed in the individual 200m race in 1992 and 1996. Guidry-White won a silver medal in the 60 metres event at the 1995 IAAF World Indoor Championships, which was coincidentally held in Barcelona. The same year she finished fourth at the outdoor championships. At the collegiate level, Guidry competed for the Texas Longhorns of the University of Texas at Austin between 1987 and 1991. She collected a total of twelve NCAA titles, and was named Southwest Conference Athlete of the Decade in indoor track and outdoor track and field for the 1980s. She was also honoured as Indoor Track And Field Most Outstanding Student-Athletes In Honor Of The 25th Anniversary Of NCAA Women's Championships. Title: Babe Didrikson Zaharias Passage: Mildred Ella ``Babe ''Didrikson Zaharias (/ zəˈhɑːriəs /; June 26, 1911 -- September 27, 1956) was an American athlete who achieved a great deal of success in golf, basketball, baseball and track and field. She won two gold medals in track and field at the 1932 Summer Olympics, before turning to professional golf and winning 10 LPGA major championships. She is widely regarded as one of the greatest female athletes of all time. Title: Lacy Janson Passage: Lacy Janson (born February 20, 1983) is an American track and field athlete who specialized in the pole vault. She was the 2010 USA indoor champion in the event and represented her country at the 2010 IAAF World Indoor Championships. At college level, she won both an outdoor and an indoor NCAA title for Florida State University. Title: Lynette Woodard Passage: Woodard went on to play college basketball with the University of Kansas (KU) in 1978, playing there until 1981. She was a four-time All-American at KU, and she averaged 26 points per game and scored 3,649 points in total during her four years there, and was the first KU woman to be honored by having her jersey retired. She is major college basketball's career women's scoring leader. Title: University of Kansas Passage: The school's sports teams, wearing crimson and royal blue, are called the Kansas Jayhawks. They participate in the NCAA's Division I and in the Big 12 Conference. KU has won thirteen National Championships: five in men's basketball (two Helms Foundation championships and three NCAA championships), three in men's indoor track and field, three in men's outdoor track and field, one in men's cross country and one in women's outdoor track and field. The home course for KU Cross Country is Rim Rock Farm. Their most recent championship came on June 8, 2013 when the KU women's track and field team won the NCAA outdoor in Eugene, Oregon becoming the first University of Kansas women's team to win a national title. Title: Joel McNulty Passage: Joel M. McNulty was an American track and field athlete, who was active in the 1950s. A world class amateur hurdler, McNulty was an All Time Big 10 Conference Men’s Track and Field Winner. McNulty excelled at the 120y (now 110m) and 220y (obsolete) Hurdles. While at the University of Illinois, McNulty won Big Ten Conference, Track and Field (outdoor), competitions no fewer than 3 times (1952, 120y Hurdles, 14.4, and 1952 and 1953, 220y Hurdles, 24.8, both times). McNulty attended the University of Illinois on a scholarship as a sprinter. He, eventually, received both a B.S. and LL.B. from the University, was admitted to the bar in 1959 and, thereafter, had a long career as a business lawyer. McNulty was Alpha Tau Omega. Title: Foy Draper Passage: Foy Draper (November 26, 1911 – February 1, 1943) was an American track and field athlete who won a gold medal in 4 × 100 m relay at the 1936 Summer Olympics. As a University of Southern California student, Draper won the IC4A championships in 200 m in 1935. Title: Joetta Clark Diggs Passage: Joetta Clark Diggs (née Clark, born August 1, 1962 in East Orange, New Jersey) is a retired American track and field champion, specializing in middle distance running. She ran for more than 28 consecutive years never missing an indoor or outdoor season, with her races being in the 800 meters and 1500 meters. A 4-time Olympian in 1988, 1992, 1996 and 2000, she competed in every outdoor USA Championships or Olympic trials between 1979 and 2000, winning five outdoor championships. Indoors, she was in the national championship race in 18 of the last 19 years, winning seven times. Clark Diggs has been ranked in the top 10 in the world since 1991. Moreover, in 1998 at age 36, she was ranked number four in the world. This was her best ranking out of six such appearances.	[ "University of Kansas", "Lynette Woodard" ]
When is the dry season in Yohan M'Vila's country?	June to August	[ "June", "Jun" ]	Title: Guinea-Bissau Passage: At 36,125 square kilometres (13,948 sq mi), the country is larger in size than Taiwan or Belgium. It lies at a low altitude; its highest point is 300 metres (984 ft). The terrain of is mostly low coastal plain with swamps of Guinean mangroves rising to Guinean forest-savanna mosaic in the east. Its monsoon-like rainy season alternates with periods of hot, dry harmattan winds blowing from the Sahara. The Bijagos Archipelago lies off of the mainland. Title: Errol Nolan Passage: Errol Osbourne Nolan II (born August 18, 1991) is an American born sprinter of Jamaican descent who holds dual citizenship with both countries. He now competes for Jamaica as of 2012. He specialises in the 200 and 400 metres. Title: Republic of the Congo Passage: Since the country is located on the Equator, the climate is consistent year-round, with the average day temperature being a humid 24 °C (75 °F) and nights generally between 16 °C (61 °F) and 21 °C (70 °F). The average yearly rainfall ranges from 1,100 millimetres (43 in) in south in the Niari Valley to over 2,000 millimetres (79 in) in central parts of the country. The dry season is from June to August while in the majority of the country the wet season has two rainfall maxima: one in March–May and another in September–November. Title: Mexico City Passage: The area receives about 820 millimetres (32.3 in) of annual rainfall, which is concentrated from June through September/October with little or no precipitation the remainder of the year. The area has two main seasons. The rainy season runs from June to October when winds bring in tropical moisture from the sea. The dry season runs from November to May, when the air is relatively drier. This dry season subdivides into a cold period and a warm period. The cold period spans from November to February when polar air masses push down from the north and keep the air fairly dry. The warm period extends from March to May when tropical winds again dominate but do not yet carry enough moisture for rain. Title: Geography of North Korea Passage: North Korea has a combination of a continental climate and an oceanic climate, with four distinct seasons. Most of North Korea is classified as being of a humid continental climate within the Köppen climate classification scheme, with warm summers and cold, dry winters. In summer, there is a short rainy season called changma. Title: Telman Ismailov Passage: Telman Mardanovich Ismailov (, ; born 26 October 1956) is an Azerbaijani-born businessman and entrepreneur of Mountain Jew origin. Since Azerbaijan does not allow dual citizenship, he holds Russian-Turkish citizenship. He is the chairman of the Russian AST Group of companies, which is active in many countries. Until 2009, Ismailov owned the Europe's then-largest marketplace, Cherkizovsky Market, located in Moscow, Russia. Title: Guinea-Bissau Passage: Guinea-Bissau is warm all year around and there is little temperature fluctuation; it averages 26.3 °C (79.3 °F). The average rainfall for Bissau is 2,024 millimetres (79.7 in) although this is almost entirely accounted for during the rainy season which falls between June and September/October. From December through April, the country experiences drought. Title: Yohan M'Vila Passage: Yohan M'Vila (born 8 October 1988) is a French-born Congolese footballer who plays for French side Union Sportive Liffré Football as a midfielder. Title: Albano Carrisi Passage: Albano Carrisi (Italian: [alˈbaːno karˈriːzi]; born 20 May 1943), better known as Al Bano, is an Italian recording artist, actor, and winemaker. In 2016, he was awarded Albanian citizenship due to his close ties with the country. Title: CSI: Crime Scene Investigation Passage: CSI's theme song was, since the last episode of season one, ``Who Are You '', written by Pete Townshend with vocals by lead singer Roger Daltrey of The Who. Daltrey made a special appearance in the season - seven episode`` Living Legend'', which also contained many musical references such as the words ``Who's next ''on a dry - erase board in the episode's opening sequence. In certain countries, to avoid music licensing fees, a unique theme was used, instead. Title: 'Til the Rivers All Run Dry Passage: "'Til the Rivers All Run Dry" is a song recorded by American country music artist Don Williams, who wrote the song along with Wayland Holyfield.. It was released in December 1975 as the first single from the album "Harmony". "'Til the Rivers All Run Dry" was Don Williams' fourth number one on the country chart. The single stayed at number one for one week and spent a total of twelve weeks on the country charts. Title: Climate of Los Angeles Passage: The Climate of Los Angeles is a year - round mild - to - hot and mostly dry climate for the Los Angeles metropolitan area in California. The climate is classified as a Mediterranean climate, which is a type of dry subtropical climate. It is characterized by seasonal changes in rainfall -- with a dry summer and a winter rainy season -- but relatively modest transitions in temperature. Under the modified Köppen climate classification, the coastal areas are classified as Csb, and the inland areas as Csa. Title: Geography of Nigeria Passage: Nigeria, like the rest of West Africa and other tropical lands, has only two seasons. These are the dry season and the rainy season. The dry season is accompanied by a dust laden airmass from the Sahara Desert, locally known as Harmattan, or by its main name, The Tropical Continental (CT) airmass, while the rainy season is heavily influenced by an airmass originating from the south atlantic ocean, locally known as the south west wind, or by its main name, The Tropical Maritime (MT) airmass. These two major wind systems in Nigeria are known as the trade winds. Title: Chihuahua (state) Passage: The plains at the foot of the Sierra Madre Occidental is an elongated mesa known as Altiplanicie Mexicana that exhibits a steppe climate and serves as a transition zone from the mountain climate in the western part of the state to the desert climate in the eastern side of the state. The steppe zone accounts for a third of the state's area, and it experiences pronounced dry and wet seasons. The pronounced rainy season in the steppe is usually observed in the months of July, August, and September. The steppe also encounters extreme temperatures that often reach over 100 °F in the summer and drop below 32 °F in the winter. The steppe zone is an important agriculture zone due to an extensive development of canals exploiting several rivers that flow down from the mountains. The steppe zone is the most populated area of the state. Title: Climate of Ghana Passage: The climate of Ghana is tropical and there are two main seasons: the wet and the dry seasons. North Ghana experiences its rainy season from March to November while South Ghana experiences its rainy season from April to mid-November. The tropical climate of Ghana is relatively mild for its latitude. The harmattan, a dry desert wind, blows in north - east Ghana from December to March, lowering the humidity and causing hotter days and cooler nights in northern part of Ghana. Average daily temperatures range from 30 ° C (86 ° F) during the day to 24 ° C (75 ° F) at night with a relative humidity between 77 percent and 85 percent. In the northern part of Ghana, there are two rainy seasons: April through June and September through November. Squalls occur in the northern part of Ghana during March and April, followed by occasional rain until August and September, when the rainfall reaches its peak. Rainfall ranges from 78 to 216 centimeters (31 to 85 inches) a year. Title: Namibia Passage: Typically the sub-Tropical High Pressure Belt, with frequent clear skies, provides more than 300 days of sunshine per year. It is situated at the southern edge of the tropics; the Tropic of Capricorn cuts the country about in half. The winter (June – August) is generally dry, both rainy seasons occur in summer, the small rainy season between September and November, the big one between February and April. Humidity is low, and average rainfall varies from almost zero in the coastal desert to more than 600 mm in the Caprivi Strip. Rainfall is however highly variable, and droughts are common. The last[update] bad rainy season with rainfall far below the annual average occurred in summer 2006/07. Title: Climate of Florida Passage: Statewide, the highest rainfall amounts occur during the summer months. In northern Florida, there is a weak winter secondary maximum while statewide the driest months of the year are during the spring. During El Niño, Florida sees greater rainfall between November and March. Due to the lack of the secondary maximum across the peninsula, a distinct dry season is seen in the averages from winter through spring. This dry season provokes brush fires annually as temperatures rise during the late spring, before they fade during early June as the rainy season gets underway. Title: Bird migration Passage: Bewick then describes an experiment which succeeded in keeping swallows alive in Britain for several years, where they remained warm and dry through the winters. He concludes: Title: Myanmar Passage: The Rohingya people have consistently faced human rights abuses by the Burmese regime that has refused to acknowledge them as Burmese citizens (despite some of them having lived in Burma for over three generations)—the Rohingya have been denied Burmese citizenship since the enactment of a 1982 citizenship law. The law created three categories of citizenship: citizenship, associate citizenship, and naturalised citizenship. Citizenship is given to those who belong to one of the national races such as Kachin, Kayah (Karenni), Karen, Chin, Burman, Mon, Rakhine, Shan, Kaman, or Zerbadee. Associate citizenship is given to those who cannot prove their ancestors settled in Myanmar before 1823, but can prove they have one grandparent, or pre-1823 ancestor, who was a citizen of another country, as well as people who applied for citizenship in 1948 and qualified then by those laws. Naturalized citizenship is only given to those who have at least one parent with one of these types of Burmese citizenship or can provide "conclusive evidence" that their parents entered and resided in Burma prior to independence in 1948. The Burmese regime has attempted to forcibly expel Rohingya and bring in non-Rohingyas to replace them—this policy has resulted in the expulsion of approximately half of the 800,000 Rohingya from Burma, while the Rohingya people have been described as "among the world's least wanted" and "one of the world's most persecuted minorities." But the origin of ‘most persecuted minority’ statement is unclear. Title: List of first overall NBA draft picks Passage: China's Yao Ming (2002) and Italy's Andrea Bargnani (2006) are the only two players without competitive experience in the United States to be drafted first overall. Eleven other international players with U.S. college experience have been drafted first overall -- Mychal Thompson (Bahamas) in 1978, Hakeem Olajuwon (Nigeria) in 1984, Patrick Ewing (Jamaica) in 1985, Tim Duncan (U.S. Virgin Islands) in 1997, Michael Olowokandi (Nigeria) in 1998, Andrew Bogut (Australia) in 2005, Kyrie Irving (Australia) in 2011, Anthony Bennett (Canada) in 2013, Andrew Wiggins (Canada) in 2014, Ben Simmons (Australia) in 2016, and Deandre Ayton (Bahamas) in 2018. Duncan is an American citizen, but is considered an ``international ''player by the NBA because he was not born in one of the fifty states or the District of Columbia. Ewing had dual Jamaican - American citizenship when he was drafted and Irving and Simmons had dual Australian - American citizenship when they were drafted.	[ "Yohan M'Vila", "Republic of the Congo" ]
Where is Sheet Harbour in the state having Great Village?	Halifax Regional Municipality	[ "Halifax" ]	Title: Bal Harbour, Florida Passage: Bal Harbour is a village in Miami-Dade County, Florida, United States. The population was 2,513 at the 2010 US Census. Title: Årås Passage: Årås is the administrative centre of Austrheim municipality in Hordaland county, Norway. The village is located in the central part of the island of Fosnøyna, about northeast of the village of Austrheim. The village has a population (2013) of 603, giving the village a population density of . Title: Sky Hooks Passage: Sky Hooks is a painted sheet steel sculpture by Alexander Calder, constructed in 1962. It is located at the Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden. Title: Testerton Passage: Testerton is a small village in the English county of Norfolk. It is located between the village of Great Ryburgh and the market town of Fakenham. Any remaining population is included in the civil parish of Pudding Norton. Title: Apsigiyu Passage: Apsigiyu or Apsigayu or Apsagayu is a village site of the Kwikwasut'inuxw and Mamalilikulla groups of the Kwakwaka'wakw peoples, located at the head of Shoal Harbour on the northwest side of Gilford Island, in the Queen Charlotte Strait-Johnstone Strait region of the Central Coast of British Columbia, Canada. The village, whose name means "otherside forehead" in Kwak'wala, is used for clam and salmon harvesting, and also for timber harvesting. The village's site is an Indian reserve, Apsagayu Indian Reserve No. 1A, 2.2 ha., and is under the administration of the Mamalilikulla-Qwe'Qwa'Sot'Em Band, along with two others, Compton IR No. 6 and Mahmalillikullah Indian Reserve No. 1, which is the site of Memkumlis, the main village site of the Mamalillikula, which is often referred to as Mamalillikulla. Title: Tingvollvågen Passage: Tingvollvågen or Tingvoll is the administrative centre of Tingvoll Municipality in Møre og Romsdal county, Norway. The village is located on a small inlet off the Tingvollfjorden, directly across the fjord from the village of Angvika (in Gjemnes Municipality). Tingvollvågen lies about north of the village of Meisingset and about south of the village of Straumsnes. The historic Tingvoll Church is located in this village. Norwegian National Road 70 runs through the village on its way from Kristiansund to Oppdal. Title: Storebø Passage: Storebø is the administrative centre and largest village in Austevoll municipality in Hordaland county, Norway. The village is located on the northern part of the island of Huftarøy, just south of the village of Birkeland and northwest of the village of Haukanes. The village has a population (2016) of 1,377; giving the village a population density of . Title: Goiogouen Passage: Goiogouen (also spelled Gayagaanhe and known as Cayuga Castle), was a major village of the Cayuga nation of Iroquois Indians in west-central New York State. It was located on the eastern shore of Cayuga Lake on the north side of the Great Gully Brook, about south of the large 17th-century Cayuga town of Tiohero; and approximately along the southern line of the modern-day township of Springport, New York. It was located about four miles (6 km) north from Chonodote, the present-day location of the village of Aurora, New York and about two miles (3 km) south of the village of Union Springs, New York. Title: Upper Lakeville Passage: Upper Lakeville is a small cottage community on the Eastern Shore of the Halifax Regional Municipality, in the Musquodoboit/Sheet Harbour region of the Marine Drive, in Nova Scotia. Upper Lakeville road is located on the junction of Trunk 7, 55.3 km from Dartmouth, and 58.9 km from Halifax. Title: Westerplatte Passage: Westerplatte is a peninsula in Gdańsk, Poland, located on the Baltic Sea coast mouth of the Dead Vistula (one of the Vistula delta estuaries), in the Gdańsk harbour channel. From 1926 to 1939 it was the location of a Polish Military Transit Depot (WST), sanctioned within the territory of the Free City of Danzig (now Gdańsk). Title: Great Village Passage: Great Village is a rural community of approximately 500 people located along Trunk 2 and the north shore of Cobequid Bay in Colchester County, Nova Scotia. It is considered locally to incorporate the areas of Highland Village to the west and Scrabble Hill to the north northwest. Title: Ting Kau Passage: Ting Kau () is an area in west Tsuen Wan District, New Territories, Hong Kong. Ting Kau Village is a village near the shore. The beach nearby, Ting Kau Beach was once a popular beach in Hong Kong. The water quality affected by the treated water injected into Victoria Harbour. Title: Midsund (village) Passage: Midsund is the administrative center of Midsund Municipality in Møre og Romsdal county, Norway. The village is located on the western end of the island of Otrøya. The eastern end of the Midsund Bridge is located in the village of Midsund, connecting it to the neighboring island of Midøya to the west. Title: Barundi, Punjab Passage: Barundi is an eminent village located in the Ludhiana district of the state of Punjab in India, about away from Ludhiana. With a population of more than 4166, Barundi is one of the largest villages in Ludhiana.Barundi is also known for its state of the art drainage system and sewage treatment plant.Apart from these the village has its great religious significance too. Title: Kinnya Passage: Kinnya or Kinya is a village in Dakshina Kannada district of Karnataka state, India. The Talapady Durga Parameshwari Temple is in this village .The village lies near Talapadi village. It is located 23 km south of Mangalore city. In local Tulu language Kinya means small. The Durga Parameshwari Temple was recently renovated in the year 2015. The village code is 02699400 as per Karnataka Administrative atlas 2001 published by DCO of Karnataka state. Pincode of Kinya village post office is 575023. Title: Matupi Harbour Passage: Matupi Harbour is a harbour near Rabaul in East New Britain province, Papua New Guinea. It is located between Praed Point and Matupi Island. Simpson Harbour is to the west and Blanche Bay to the south. Title: Sandy Lake, Minnesota Passage: Sandy Lake is an unincorporated community Native American village located in Turner Township, Aitkin County, Minnesota, United States. Its name in the Ojibwe language is "Gaa-mitaawangaagamaag", meaning "Place of the Sandy-shored Lake". The village is administrative center for the Sandy Lake Band of Mississippi Chippewa, though the administration of the Mille Lacs Indian Reservation, District II, is located in the nearby East Lake. Title: Enterprise, Northwest Territories Passage: Enterprise is a hamlet in the South Slave Region of the Northwest Territories, Canada, located between Great Slave Lake and the Alberta border on the Hay River. Title: Coffs Harbour International Stadium Passage: The Coffs Harbour International Stadium (known as the C.ex Coffs International Stadium under a sponsorship arrangement) is an Australian stadium located in the coastal city of Coffs Harbour, New South Wales. Title: Khabarovsky District Passage: Khabarovsky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the seventeen in Khabarovsk Krai, Russia. It consists of two unconnected segments separated by the territory of Amursky District, which are located in the southwest of the krai. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Khabarovsk (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population:	[ "Upper Lakeville", "Great Village" ]
What is the population of the city in India the headquarters of the Northern Railway are located?	249,998	[]	Title: New Delhi Passage: New Delhi is a major junction in the Indian railway network and is the headquarters of the Northern Railway. The five main railway stations are New Delhi railway station, Old Delhi, Nizamuddin Railway Station, Anand Vihar Railway Terminal and Sarai Rohilla. The Delhi Metro, a mass rapid transit system built and operated by Delhi Metro Rail Corporation (DMRC), serves many parts of Delhi and the neighbouring cities Faridabad, Gurgaon, Noida and Ghaziabad. As of August 2011, the metro consists of six operational lines with a total length of 189 km (117 mi) and 146 stations, and several other lines are under construction. It carries millions of passengers every day. In addition to the Delhi Metro, a suburban railway, the Delhi Suburban Railway exists. Title: Minister of Railways (India) Passage: The Minister of Railways is the head of the Ministry of Railways of the Government of India. The railway minister is usually accorded a cabinet rank, and is responsible for Indian Railways, the largest employer in the world. An important responsibility of the railway minister is to present in Parliament the Railway Budget, the Annual Financial Statement of Indian Railways. Piyush Goyal of the Bharatiya Janata Party is the current Minister of Railways, serving since 3 September 2017. Railways Minister (India) Title: Montana Passage: Approximately 66,000 people of Native American heritage live in Montana. Stemming from multiple treaties and federal legislation, including the Indian Appropriations Act (1851), the Dawes Act (1887), and the Indian Reorganization Act (1934), seven Indian reservations, encompassing eleven tribal nations, were created in Montana. A twelfth nation, the Little Shell Chippewa is a "landless" people headquartered in Great Falls, recognized by the state of Montana but not by the U.S. Government. The Blackfeet nation is headquartered on the Blackfeet Indian Reservation (1851) in Browning, Crow on the Crow Indian Reservation (1851) in Crow Agency, Confederated Salish and Kootenai and Pend d'Oreille on the Flathead Indian Reservation (1855) in Pablo, Northern Cheyenne on the Northern Cheyenne Indian Reservation (1884) at Lame Deer, Assiniboine and Gros Ventre on the Fort Belknap Indian Reservation (1888) in Fort Belknap Agency, Assiniboine and Sioux on the Fort Peck Indian Reservation (1888) at Poplar, and Chippewa-Cree on the Rocky Boy's Indian Reservation (1916) near Box Elder. Approximately 63% of all Native people live off the reservations, concentrated in the larger Montana cities with the largest concentration of urban Indians in Great Falls. The state also has a small Métis population, and 1990 census data indicated that people from as many as 275 different tribes lived in Montana. Title: British Railways Board Passage: The British Railways Board (BRB) was a nationalised industry in the United Kingdom that operated from 1963 to 2001. Until 1997 it was responsible for most railway services in Great Britain, trading under the brand name British Railways and, from 1965, British Rail. It did not operate railways in Northern Ireland, where railways were the responsibility of the Government of Northern Ireland. Title: Indian Railways Passage: Indian Railways Native name भारतीय रेल Type Public sector Industry Rail transport Founded 8 May 1845 (172 years ago) (1845 - 05 - 08) Headquarters New Delhi, India Area served India Key people Piyush Goyal (Minister of Railways) Ashwin Lohani, (Chairman, Railway Board) Services Passenger railways Freight services Parcel carrier Catering and Tourism Services Parking lot operations Other related services Revenue ₹1.874 trillion (US $29 billion) (2017 -- 18) Net income ₹64.25 billion (US $1.0 billion) (2017 -- 18) Owner Government of India Number of employees 1.331 million (March 2016) Parent Ministry of Railways through Railway Board Divisions 17 zones Subsidiaries IRCTC RailTel Website www.indianrail.gov.in indianrailways.gov.in Title: Delhi Bareilly Express Passage: The 14556 / 55 Bareilly Delhi Express is an Express train belonging to Indian Railways - Northern Railway zone that runs between Delhi & Bareilly in India. Title: New Delhi Passage: New Delhi has a population of 249,998. Hindi and Punjabi are the most widely spoken languages in New Delhi and the lingua franca of the city. English is primarily used as the formal language by business and government institutes. New Delhi has a literacy rate of 89.38% according to 2011 census, which is highest in Delhi. Title: Fondaco dei Tedeschi Passage: The Fondaco dei Tedeschi (Venetian: "Fontego dei Tedeschi") is a historic building in Venice, northern Italy, situated on the Grand Canal near the Rialto Bridge. It was the headquarters and restricted living quarters of the city's German ("Tedeschi") merchants. Title: Amrapali Express Passage: The 15707/15708 Amrapali Express is an express train belonging to Indian Railways that runs between Katihar Railway Junction and Amritsar in India. It operates as train number 15707 in Up direction from Katihar Junction of North east Frontier railway to Amritsar of Northern Railway and as train number 15708 in the reverse direction. Title: Minister of Railways (India) Passage: The Minister of Railways is the head of the Ministry of Railways of the Government of India. The railway minister is usually accorded a cabinet rank, and is responsible for Indian Railways, one of the largest employers in the world. An important responsibility of the railway minister is to present in Parliament the Railway Budget, the Annual Financial Statement of Indian Railways. Piyush Goyal of the Bharatiya Janata Party is the current Minister of Railways, serving since 3 September 2017. Railways Minister (India) Title: Adra, Purulia Passage: Adra is an important census town and a railway colony which was originally known for its 90% of Anglo-Indian population in Purulia district in the Indian state of West Bengal.This town is well known as a cultural hub in Purulia district and also a populated area. Adra town is mainly divided into two parts by railway track, which are North settlement side area and South settlement side area. As per administration, Northern part falls under Raghunathpur block area of Bankura Lok Sabha constituency and Southern part falls under Kashipur block area of Purulia Lok Sabha constituency. Title: Forsyth, Montana Passage: Forsyth is a city in and the county seat of Rosebud County, Montana, United States. The population was 1,777 at the 2010 census. Forsyth was established in 1876 as the first settlement on the Yellowstone River, and in 1882 residents named the town after General James William Forsyth who commanded Fort Maginnis, Montana during the Indian Wars and the 7th Cavalry at the Wounded Knee Massacre. The town has long been a transportation nexus, starting with steamboats on the river and progressing to the Northern Pacific Railway and Interstate 94. Title: Hyderabad Passage: The most commonly used forms of medium distance transport in Hyderabad include government owned services such as light railways and buses, as well as privately operated taxis and auto rickshaws. Bus services operate from the Mahatma Gandhi Bus Station in the city centre and carry over 130 million passengers daily across the entire network.:76 Hyderabad's light rail transportation system, the Multi-Modal Transport System (MMTS), is a three line suburban rail service used by over 160,000 passengers daily. Complementing these government services are minibus routes operated by Setwin (Society for Employment Promotion & Training in Twin Cities). Intercity rail services also operate from Hyderabad; the main, and largest, station is Secunderabad Railway Station, which serves as Indian Railways' South Central Railway zone headquarters and a hub for both buses and MMTS light rail services connecting Secunderabad and Hyderabad. Other major railway stations in Hyderabad are Hyderabad Deccan Station, Kachiguda Railway Station, Begumpet Railway Station, Malkajgiri Railway Station and Lingampally Railway Station. The Hyderabad Metro, a new rapid transit system, is to be added to the existing public transport infrastructure and is scheduled to operate three lines by 2015. Title: Pirşağı Passage: Pirşağı (also, Pirshaga and Pirshagi) is a settlement and municipality 34 km away from the railway station of Baku, Azerbaijan. Located on the northern coast of Absheron, it is in the Sabunchu district of Baku city. It is called Pirshagi (the shah of feasts) because it was initially a settlement where pilgrims gathered. A seaside resort, it is considered one of the most ancient settlements in Absheron. It has a population of 4,826. Title: Darjeeling Passage: Darjeeling () is a city and a municipality in the Indian state of West Bengal. It is located in the Lesser Himalayas at an elevation of 6,700 ft (2,042.2 m). It is noted for its tea industry, its views of Kangchenjunga, the world's third-highest mountain, and the Darjeeling Himalayan Railway, a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Darjeeling is the headquarters of the Darjeeling District which has a partially autonomous status within the state of West Bengal. It is also a popular tourist destination in India. Title: Isiala Ngwa South Passage: Isiala Ngwa South is a Local Government Area of Abia State, Nigeria. Its headquarters are in the town of . Omoba is a small railway town with an urban population. There are micro finance banks, an office of the Nigerian Postal Service [NIPOST] and a daily market which attracts visitors from all around the local government. Title: Kiunga, Kenya Passage: Kiunga is a division in the Lamu District of Coast Province located close to the Indian Ocean coast of northern Kenya, and only 15 kilometres to the border with Somalia. A major marine conservation area, the Kiunga Marine National Reserve has its headquarters at Kiunga. The reserve is an important habitat for mangrove, turtles, and many species of birds. Total population of the division is 3310 (1999 census ). Title: Kokuvil railway station Passage: Kokuvil railway station ( "Kokkuvil toṭaruntu nilaiyam") is a railway station in the town of Kokuvil in northern Sri Lanka. Owned by Sri Lanka Railways, the state-owned railway operator, the station is part of the Northern Line which links the north with the capital Colombo. The popular Yarl Devi service calls at the station. The station was not functioning between 1990 and 2015 due to the civil war. The Northern Line between Jaffna and Kankesanthurai was re-opened on 2 January 2015. Title: Eastern Bengal and Assam Passage: Eastern Bengal and Assam was an administrative subdivision (province) of the British Raj between 1905 and 1912. Headquartered in the city of Dacca, it covered territories in what are now Bangladesh, Northeast India and Northern West Bengal. Title: Lowesby railway station Passage: Lowesby railway station (originally Loseby) was a railway station serving the villages of Lowesby and Tilton on the Hill, Leicestershire, on the Great Northern Railway Leicester branch.	[ "New Delhi" ]
Who has been appointed as the new prime minister of the country that encompasses Bod?	Mihai Tudose	[]	Title: Prime Minister of Romania Passage: The current Prime Minister is Mihai Tudose of the Social Democratic Party who was sworn in on 29 June 2017.. Title: Prime Minister of Iraq Passage: The Prime Minister of Iraq is Iraq's head of government. The Prime Minister was originally an appointed office, subsidiary to the head of state, and the nominal leader of the Iraqi parliament. Under the newly adopted constitution the Prime Minister is to be the country's active executive authority. Nouri al - Maliki (formerly Jawad al - Maliki) was selected to be Prime Minister on 21 April 2006. On 14 August 2014 al - Maliki agreed to step down as prime minister of Iraq to allow Haider al - Abadi to take his place. Title: Bod, Brașov Passage: Bod (; ) is a commune in Brașov County, Romania. It is composed of two villages, Bod and Colonia Bod ("Botfalusi Cukorgyártelep"). At Bod there is one of Romania's largest sugar factories and a broadcasting transmitter for long- and medium-wave radio, the Bod Transmitter. In Bod, the lowest ever recorded temperature in Romania, -38.5 degrees Celsius (-37 Fahrenheit), was measured in January 1942. Title: Prime Minister of the Bahamas Passage: The Prime Minister of The Bahamas is the head of government of the Bahamas, currently Hubert Minnis. Minnis, as leader of the governing Free National Movement party (FNM), He was sworn in as Prime Minister on 11 May 2017, succeeding Progressive Liberal Party (PLP) leader Perry Christie. This was a result of the FNM's victory in the Bahamas general election of May 10, 2017. The Prime Minister is formally appointed into office by the Governor General of the Bahamas, who represents Elizabeth II, the Queen of the Bahamas (The Bahamian Head of State). Title: Prime Minister of India Passage: The union cabinet headed by the prime minister is appointed by the President of India to assist the latter in the administration of the affairs of the executive. Union cabinet is collectively responsible to the Lok Sabha as per article 75 (3) of the Constitution of India. The prime minister has to enjoy the confidence of a majority in the Lok Sabha and shall resign if they are unable to prove majority when instructed by the president. Title: Prime minister Passage: Canada's constitution, being a 'mixed' or hybrid constitution (a constitution that is partly formally codified and partly uncodified) originally did not make any reference whatsoever to a prime minister, with her or his specific duties and method of appointment instead dictated by "convention". In the Constitution Act, 1982, passing reference to a "Prime Minister of Canada" is added, though only regarding the composition of conferences of federal and provincial first ministers. Title: Prime minister Passage: Most prime ministers in parliamentary systems are not appointed for a specific term in office and in effect may remain in power through a number of elections and parliaments. For example, Margaret Thatcher was only ever appointed prime minister on one occasion, in 1979. She remained continuously in power until 1990, though she used the assembly of each House of Commons after a general election to reshuffle her cabinet. Title: Alexander Borodai Passage: Alexander Yurevich Borodai (, ; born July 25, 1972) was Prime Minister of the self-proclaimed Donetsk People's Republic in 2014. After the Donetsk People's Republic declared its independence from Ukraine on 12 May 2014, Borodai was appointed as Prime Minister by the republic's Supreme Council on May 16, 2014. Borodai, a Russian citizen, had earlier worked as a political adviser to Sergey Aksyonov, the prime minister of the Republic of Crimea. On 7 August 2014 Borodai announced his resignation. He was succeeded by Alexander Zakharchenko; under Zakharchenko, Borodai became Deputy Prime Minister. Title: Cabinet of Thailand Passage: The cabinet of Thailand or, formally, the Council of Ministers of Thailand (; is a body composed of thirty-five of the most senior members of the government of the Kingdom of Thailand. The cabinet is the primary organ of the executive branch of the Thai government. Members of the cabinet are nominated by the prime minister and formally appointed by the King of Thailand. Most members are governmental department heads with the title of "minister of state" (; . The cabinet is chaired by the Prime Minister of Thailand. The cabinet is often collectively called "the government" or "the Royal Thai Government". Title: Representative of the Government in the Senate Passage: Representative of the Government in the Senate Incumbent Peter Harder since 18 March 2016 Style The Honourable Member of Senate of Canada Cabinet of Canada (often, though not always) Reports to Prime Minister of Canada Appointer Prime Minister of Canada Formation 1 July 1867 First holder Alexander Campbell Salary $230,300 (2017) Title: Cabinet of Tadeusz Mazowiecki Passage: The Cabinet of Tadeusz Mazowiecki, led by Prime Minister Tadeusz Mazowiecki, came to power following the 1989 legislative election, and was appointed by the Sejm on 12 September 1989. Tadeusz Mazowiecki had been appointed Prime Minister on 24 August 1989, and tasked with the formation of a new government, after the Sejm rejected the Communist cabinet of Czesław Kiszczak. The cabinet resigned on 25 November 1990, and the Sejm accepted the resignation of the cabinet on 14 December, though it continued to perform its duties until the formation of the Cabinet of Jan Krzysztof Bielecki on 4 January 1991. Title: Minister of Personnel, Public Grievances and Pensions Passage: Minister of Personnel, Public Grievances and Pensions Kārmika, Loka Śikāyata Aura Peṃśana Maṃtrī State Emblem of India Flag of India Incumbent Narendra Modi since 26 May 2014 Ministry of Personnel, Public Grievances and Pensions Style The Honourable Member of Union Council of Ministers of India Reports to Prime minister Residence 7, Lok Kalyan Marg (as Prime minister) Seat South Block, Secretariat Building, New Delhi Nominator Prime minister Appointer President Formation 1 August 1970; 48 years ago (1970 - 08 - 01) First holder Indira Gandhi Unofficial names Personnel Minister, Minister of Personnel Deputy Minister of State for Personnel, Public Grievances and Pensions Title: Prime minister Passage: In non-Commonwealth countries the prime minister may be entitled to the style of Excellency like a president. In some Commonwealth countries prime ministers and former prime ministers are styled Right Honourable due to their position, for example in the Prime Minister of Canada. In the United Kingdom the prime minister and former prime ministers may appear to also be styled Right Honourable, however this is not due to their position as head of government but as a privilege of being current members of Her Majesty's Most Honourable Privy Council. Title: List of prime ministers of Elizabeth II Passage: The Queen has had over 160 individuals serve as her realms' prime ministers throughout her reign, the first new appointment being Dudley Senanayake as Prime Minister of Ceylon and the most recent being Scott Morrison as Prime Minister of Australia. Several of the Queen's prime ministers from various realms have been appointed for life to the Privy Council of the United Kingdom. Title: Government of Slovakia Passage: It is led by the Prime Minister of Slovakia, who is nominated by the President of Slovakia, and is usually the leader of majority party or of majority coalition after an election to the National Council of the Slovak Republic. The Cabinet appointed by the president on recommendation of the prime minister must gain a vote of confidence in the National Council. Title: Prime Minister of Papua New Guinea Passage: Prime Minister of Papua New Guinea Emblem of Papua New Guinea Incumbent Peter O'Neill since 3 August 2012 Appointer Bob Dadae Governor - General of Papua New Guinea Term length At the Governor - General's pleasure Inaugural holder Michael Somare Formation 16 September 1975 Title: Kamal Ganzouri Passage: Kamal Ganzouri (, ‎; born 12 January 1933) is an Egyptian economist who served as Prime Minister of Egypt from 7 December 2011 to 24 July 2012. He previously served as prime minister from 1996 to 1999. He came to power in 1996 succeeding Atef Sedki, and was in turn succeeded by Atef Ebeid in 1999. He was branded "Minister of the Poor" and "the Opposition Minister" because of his way of dealing with limited income people and the opposition. Before becoming prime minister, Ganzouri served as Minister of Planning and International Cooperation. On 24 November 2011, Egypt's military rulers appointed him as prime minister. He was sworn in and took office on 7 December 2011. Title: Estonia Passage: The Government of Estonia (Estonian: Vabariigi Valitsus) or the executive branch is formed by the Prime Minister of Estonia, nominated by the president and approved by the parliament. The government exercises executive power pursuant to the Constitution of Estonia and the laws of the Republic of Estonia and consists of twelve ministers, including the Prime Minister. The Prime Minister also has the right to appoint other ministers and assign them a subject to deal with. These are ministers without portfolio — they don't have a ministry to control. Title: André Ouellet Passage: With the return to power of the Liberals after the 1993 election, Ouellet was appointed Minister of Foreign Affairs by the new prime minister, Jean Chrétien. Despite his experience, Ouellet was not popular in Quebec, and the lasting legacy of the Charlottetown Accord hurt him. After the close result of the 1995 Quebec referendum, Chrétien wanted to present a new face of his government in Quebec. In 1996, Chrétien appointed Ouellet to head the Canada Post Corporation. Ouellet's seat in the House of Commons of Canada was taken by Pierre Pettigrew in a by-election later that year. Title: Nicolaes Boddingius Passage: Nicolaes Boddingius, or Bodding van Laer (2 August 1605 (baptised) – 1669) was a schoolmaster, writer and minister in the Netherlands.	[ "Prime Minister of Romania", "Bod, Brașov" ]
When did the first settlers come to the state in which the school related to Clayton M. Christensen is located?	1620	[]	Title: Catharinus P. Buckingham Passage: Catharinus Putnam Buckingham (March 14, 1808 – August 30, 1888) was an American soldier, college professor, author, and industrialist. He served as a general in the Union Army during the American Civil War, and was the main assistant to the U.S. Secretary of War, Edwin M. Stanton, during part of the first term of the Lincoln Administration. Title: Bogotá Passage: Bogotá (/ ˈboʊɡətɑː /, / ˌbɒɡəˈtɑː /, / ˌboʊ - /; Spanish pronunciation: (boɣoˈta) (listen)), officially Bogotá, Distrito Capital, abbreviated Bogotá, D.C., and formerly known as Santafé de Bogotá between 1991 and 2000, is the capital and largest city of Colombia, administered as the Capital District, although often thought of as part of Cundinamarca. Bogotá is a territorial entity of the first order, with the same administrative status as the departments of Colombia. It is the political, economic, administrative, industrial, artistic, cultural, and sports center of the country. Title: Biblioteca Ayacucho Passage: The Biblioteca Ayacucho ("Ayacucho Library") is an editorial entity of the government of Venezuela, founded on September 10, 1974. It is managed by the "Fundación Biblioteca Ayacucho". Its name, "Ayacucho", comes from the intention to honor the definitive and crucial Battle of Ayacucho that took place December 9, 1824 between Spain and the territories of the Americas, prior to the full independence of the continent. Title: Clayton, Placer County, California Passage: Clayton is an unincorporated community in Placer County, California. Clayton is located on the Southern Pacific Railroad, northwest of Lincoln. It lies at an elevation of 141 feet (43 m). Title: Clayton M. Christensen Passage: Clayton Magleby Christensen (born April 6, 1952) is an American academic, business consultant, and religious leader who currently serves as the Kim B. Clark Professor of Business Administration at the Harvard Business School of Harvard University. He is best known for his theory of "disruptive innovation", first introduced in his 1997 book "The Innovator's Dilemma", which has been called the most influential business idea of the early 21st century. Title: Pervaiz Iqbal Cheema Passage: Cheema was born at Sialkot and was initially educated at Sialkot, later on he moved to Government College, Lahore where he completed his Master's in History. He also did Master's in Political Science from Punjab University, Certificate in Peace Research and International Relations from Oslo University (Norway), Diploma in International Relations from Vienna University (Austria), M. Litt. in Strategic Studies from Aberdeen University (U.K.) and Ph.D. from Quaid-i-Azam University (Pakistan). Title: Aneek Chatterjee Passage: Aneek Chatterjee graduated from Presidency College. He completed his MA from the same college and did M.Phil. at Calcutta University. He did Ph.D. at Jadavpur University on the topic "India-U.S. Relations at the End of the Twentieth Century". Title: Education District, Bakersfield Passage: Education District is a district in Downtown Bakersfield, California. Its predominant businesses are satellite campuses for both public and private colleges and universities. Unlike several other districts in downtown, the Education District did not come about because of formal planning but because like businesses decided to locate themselves together. Title: Washington University in St. Louis Passage: The West Campus is located about one mile (1.6 km) to the west of the Danforth Campus in Clayton, Missouri, and primarily consists of a four-story former department store building housing mostly administrative space. The West Campus building was home to the Clayton branch of the Famous-Barr department store until 1990, when the University acquired the property and adjacent parking and began a series of renovations. Today, the basement level houses the West Campus Library, the University Archives, the Modern Graphic History Library, and conference space. The ground level still remains a retail space. The upper floors house consolidated capital gifts, portions of alumni and development, and information systems offices from across the Danforth and Medical School campuses. There is also a music rehearsal room on the second floor. The West Campus is also home to the Center for the Application of Information Technologies (CAIT), which provides IT training services. Title: Joshua Grenier Passage: Joshua Grenier (born July 16, 1979 in Manchester, New Hampshire) is a retired American soccer player. He played college soccer New Hampshire College (now Southern New Hampshire University) and Clayton State University. He last played for TuS Koblenz in Germany's second division, the 2. Bundesliga. He played as a central defender. Title: History of Massachusetts Passage: Massachusetts was first colonized by principally English Europeans in the early 17th century, and became the Commonwealth of Massachusetts in the 18th century. Prior to English colonization of the area, it was inhabited by a variety of mainly Algonquian language indigenous tribes. The first permanent English settlement in New England came in 1620 with the founding of Plymouth Colony by the Pilgrims who sailed on the Mayflower. It set precedents but never grew large. A large - scale Puritan migration began in 1630 with the establishment of the Massachusetts Bay Colony, and spawned the settlement of other New England colonies. Friction with the natives erupted in the high - casualty King Philip's War in the 1670s. Puritanism was the established religion and was strictly enforced; dissenters were exiled. The Colony clashed with Anglican opponents in England over its religious intolerance and the status of its charter. Most people were farmers. Businessmen established wide - ranging trade links, sending ships to the West Indies and Europe, and sometimes shipping goods in violation of the Navigation Acts. These political and trade issues led to the revocation of the Massachusetts charter in 1684. Title: Database Passage: The relational model also allowed the content of the database to evolve without constant rewriting of links and pointers. The relational part comes from entities referencing other entities in what is known as one-to-many relationship, like a traditional hierarchical model, and many-to-many relationship, like a navigational (network) model. Thus, a relational model can express both hierarchical and navigational models, as well as its native tabular model, allowing for pure or combined modeling in terms of these three models, as the application requires. Title: Heraclitus Passage: Heraclitus was famous for his insistence on ever - present change as being the fundamental essence of the universe, as stated in the famous saying, ``No man ever steps in the same river twice ''(see panta rhei, below). This position was complemented by his stark commitment to a unity of opposites in the world, stating that`` the path up and down are one and the same''. Through these doctrines Heraclitus characterized all existing entities by pairs of contrary properties, whereby no entity may ever occupy a single state at a single time. This, along with his cryptic utterance that ``all entities come to be in accordance with this Logos ''(literally,`` word'', ``reason '', or`` account'') has been the subject of numerous interpretations. Title: Ann Arbor, Michigan Passage: Since the university's establishment in the city in 1837, the histories of the University of Michigan and Ann Arbor have been closely linked. The town became a regional transportation hub in 1839 with the arrival of the Michigan Central Railroad, and a north—south railway connecting Ann Arbor to Toledo and other markets to the south was established in 1878. Throughout the 1840s and the 1850s settlers continued to come to Ann Arbor. While the earlier settlers were primarily of British ancestry, the newer settlers also consisted of Germans, Irish, and African-Americans. In 1851, Ann Arbor was chartered as a city, though the city showed a drop in population during the Depression of 1873. It was not until the early 1880s that Ann Arbor again saw robust growth, with new immigrants coming from Greece, Italy, Russia, and Poland. Ann Arbor saw increased growth in manufacturing, particularly in milling. Ann Arbor's Jewish community also grew after the turn of the 20th century, and its first and oldest synagogue, Beth Israel Congregation, was established in 1916. Title: Kathmandu Passage: Institute of Medicine, the central college of Tribhuwan University is the first medical college of Nepal and is located in Maharajgunj, Kathmandu. It was established in 1972 and started to impart medical education from 1978. A number of medical colleges including Kathmandu Medical College, Nepal Medical College, KIST Medical College, Nepal Army Institute of Health Sciences, National Academy of Medical Sciences (NAMS) and Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences (KUSMS), are also located in or around Kathmandu. Title: Central Saint Martins Passage: Central Saint Martins College of Art and Design was formed in 1989 from the merger of the Central School of Art and Design, founded in 1896, and Saint Martin's School of Art, founded in 1854. Since 1986 both schools had been part of the London Institute, formed by the Inner London Education Authority to bring together seven London art, design, fashion and media schools. The London Institute became a legal entity in 1988, could award taught degrees from 1993, was granted university status in 2003 and was renamed University of the Arts London in 2004. It also includes Camberwell College of Arts, Chelsea College of Arts, the London College of Communication, the London College of Fashion and Wimbledon College of Arts. Title: Colorado Territory Passage: The movement to create a territory within the present boundaries of Colorado followed nearly immediately. Citizens of Denver and Golden pushed for territorial status of the newly settled region within a year of the founding of the towns. The movement was promoted by William Byers, publisher of the Rocky Mountain News, and by Larimer, who aspired to be the first territorial governor. In 1859, settlers established the Territory of Jefferson, and held elections, but the United States Congress did not recognize the territory, and it never gained legal status. Title: MIT Blackjack Team Passage: The MIT Blackjack Team was a group of students and ex-students from Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Harvard Business School, Harvard University, and other leading colleges who used card counting techniques and more sophisticated strategies to beat casinos at blackjack worldwide. The team and its successors operated successfully from 1979 through the beginning of the 21st century. Many other blackjack teams have been formed around the world with the goal of beating the casinos. Title: Kostas Bakoyannis Passage: Born 1978 in Athens to New Democracy politicians Dora and Pavlos Bakoyannis, Kostas Bakoyannis lost his father Pavlos in 1989, when he was assassinated by the leftist terrorist group, Revolutionary Organization 17 November. He studied history and International Relations at Brown University and graduated from Harvard with a Master of Public Administration. He is currently working on his PhD thesis at St Antony's College, Oxford, in the field of Political Science and International Relations. He speaks English and German. Kostas Bakoyannis’ articles are often published in the Greek and foreign press. Title: Alfred North Whitehead Passage: Since Whitehead's metaphysics described a universe in which all entities experience, he needed a new way of describing perception that was not limited to living, self-conscious beings. The term he coined was "prehension", which comes from the Latin prehensio, meaning "to seize." The term is meant to indicate a kind of perception that can be conscious or unconscious, applying to people as well as electrons. It is also intended to make clear Whitehead's rejection of the theory of representative perception, in which the mind only has private ideas about other entities. For Whitehead, the term "prehension" indicates that the perceiver actually incorporates aspects of the perceived thing into itself. In this way, entities are constituted by their perceptions and relations, rather than being independent of them. Further, Whitehead regards perception as occurring in two modes, causal efficacy (or "physical prehension") and presentational immediacy (or "conceptual prehension").	[ "Clayton M. Christensen", "History of Massachusetts", "MIT Blackjack Team" ]
When did the person with the most hat tricks in La Liga go to Manchester United?	2003	[]	Title: List of Test cricket hat-tricks Passage: In the sport of cricket, a hat - trick is an occasion where a bowler takes three wickets in consecutive deliveries. As of 31 July 2017, this feat has only been achieved 43 times in more than two thousand Test matches, the form of the sport in which national representative teams compete in matches of up to five days' duration. The first Test hat - trick was recorded on 2 January 1879, in only the third Test match to take place, by the Australian pace bowler Fred Spofforth, nicknamed ``The Demon Bowler '', who dismissed three English batsmen with consecutive deliveries at the Melbourne Cricket Ground. The most recent bowler to achieve the feat was English spin bowler Moeen Ali against South Africa on 31 July 2017. At least one bowler from each of the ten nations that have played Test cricket have taken a Test hat - trick. Title: List of England national football team hat-tricks Passage: In the 1966 FIFA World Cup Final, Geoff Hurst scored a hat - trick, generally considered one of the most famous of all time. The most recent hat - trick was scored by Harry Kane in England's victory over Panama in their second match of the Russia 2018 finals. Title: Cristiano Ronaldo Passage: Cristiano Ronaldo GOIH, ComM Ronaldo at the 2017 FIFA Confederations Cup Full name Cristiano Ronaldo dos Santos Aveiro Date of birth (1985 - 02 - 05) 5 February 1985 (age 32) Place of birth Funchal, Madeira, Portugal Height 1.85 m (6 ft 1 in) Playing position Forward Club information Current team Real Madrid Number 7 Youth career 1992 -- 1995 Andorinha 1995 -- 1997 Nacional 1997 -- 2002 Sporting CP Senior career * Years Team Apps (Gls) 2002 -- 2003 Sporting CP B (0) 2002 -- 2003 Sporting CP 25 (3) 2003 -- 2009 Manchester United 196 (84) 2009 -- Real Madrid 270 (286) National team 2001 Portugal U15 9 (7) 2001 -- 2002 Portugal U17 7 (5) 2003 Portugal U20 5 (1) 2002 -- 2003 Portugal U21 10 (3) Portugal U23 (2) 2003 -- Portugal 147 (79) Honours (show) Representing Portugal UEFA European Championship Winner 2016 France Runner - up 2004 Portugal 2012 Poland & Ukraine FIFA Confederations Cup 2017 Russia * Senior club appearances and goals counted for the domestic league only and correct as of 23: 00, 22 October 2017 (UTC). ‡ National team caps and goals correct as of 22: 40, 10 October 2017 (UTC) Title: John Veitch (footballer) Passage: John Gould Veitch (19 July 1869 – 3 October 1914) was an English amateur footballer, who played for the Corinthian club in the 1890s. He made one appearance for England playing at inside left in 1894, in which he scored a hat trick. Title: List of FIFA World Cup hat-tricks Passage: The first hat - trick was scored by Bert Patenaude of the United States, playing against Paraguay in 1930; the most recent was by Harry Kane of England, playing against Panama on 24 June 2018. Title: List of Test cricket hat-tricks Passage: A player has taken two hat - tricks in the same Test match only once. Playing for Australia against South Africa in the first match of the 1912 Triangular Tournament at Old Trafford, Manchester, England, leg spinner Jimmy Matthews took a hat - trick in South Africa's first and second innings, both taken on 28 May 1912. He completed both hat - tricks by dismissing South Africa's Tommy Ward. Only three other cricketers have taken more than one Test hat - trick: Australian off spinner Hugh Trumble (two years apart, between the same teams at the same ground), Pakistani fast bowler Wasim Akram (just over a week apart, in consecutive matches between the same teams) and English fast bowler Stuart Broad. Three players have taken a hat - trick on their Test debut: English medium pace bowler Maurice Allom in 1930, New Zealand off - spinner Peter Petherick in 1976, and Australian pace bowler Damien Fleming in 1994. Geoff Griffin took the fewest total Test wickets of any player who recorded a hat - trick, taking only eight wickets in his entire Test career. During the match in which he took his hat - trick, Griffin was repeatedly called for throwing by the umpires and never bowled again in a Test match. Australian Peter Siddle is the only bowler to take a hat - trick on his birthday, and Bangladeshi off spinner Sohag Gazi is the only player to score a century and take a hat - trick in the same Test match. Title: List of La Liga hat-tricks Passage: Below is the list of players that have scored a hat - trick in a La Liga match since the league's creation, in 1929. Since its creation, more than 100 players have scored at least a hat - trick. Cristiano Ronaldo has scored 34 La Liga hat - tricks, making him the player with the most hat - tricks in La Liga history. He is followed by Lionel Messi, with 30. Title: Premier League records and statistics Passage: Most goals in a season (38 games): 31, joint record: Alan Shearer (Blackburn Rovers, 1995 -- 96) Cristiano Ronaldo (Manchester United, 2007 -- 08) Luis Suárez (Liverpool, 2013 -- 14) Mohamed Salah (Liverpool, 2017 -- 18) Most games scored in during a Premier League season: 23, Mohamed Salah (Liverpool, 2017 -- 18) Most Premier League goals in a calendar year: 39, Harry Kane (Tottenham Hotspur, 2017) Number of teams scored against in a season: 17, joint record: 20 - team league: Ian Wright (Arsenal, 1996 -- 97) Robin van Persie (Arsenal, 2011 -- 12) 22 - team league: Andy Cole (Newcastle United, 1993 -- 94) Alan Shearer (Blackburn Rovers, 1994 -- 95) Most goals in a debut season: 30, Kevin Phillips (Sunderland, 1999 -- 2000) Most Premier League hat - tricks in a season: 5, Alan Shearer (38 games) (Blackburn Rovers, 1995 -- 96) Most Premier League hat - tricks: 11, Alan Shearer Most goals in a game: 5, joint record: Andy Cole (for Manchester United v. Ipswich Town, 4 March 1995) W 9 -- 0 Alan Shearer (for Newcastle United v. Sheffield Wednesday, 19 September 1999) W 8 -- 0 Jermain Defoe (for Tottenham Hotspur v. Wigan Athletic, 22 November 2009) W 9 -- 1 Dimitar Berbatov (for Manchester United v. Blackburn Rovers, 27 November 2010) W 7 -- 1 Sergio Agüero (for Manchester City v. Newcastle United, 3 October 2015) W 6 -- 1 Title: Premier League records and statistics Passage: Most goals in a season (38 games): 32, Mohamed Salah (Liverpool, 2017 -- 18) Most games scored in during a Premier League season: 24, Mohamed Salah (Liverpool, 2017 -- 18) Most Premier League goals in a calendar year: 39, Harry Kane (Tottenham Hotspur, 2017) Number of teams scored against in a season: 17, joint record: 20 - team league: Ian Wright (Arsenal, 1996 -- 97) Robin van Persie (Arsenal, 2011 -- 12) Mohamed Salah (Liverpool, 2017 -- 18) 22 - team league: Andy Cole (Newcastle United, 1993 -- 94) Alan Shearer (Blackburn Rovers, 1994 -- 95) Most goals in a debut season: 30, Kevin Phillips (Sunderland, 1999 -- 2000) Most Premier League hat - tricks in a season: 5, Alan Shearer (38 games) (Blackburn Rovers, 1995 -- 96) Most Premier League hat - tricks: 11, Alan Shearer Most goals in a game: 5, joint record: Andy Cole (for Manchester United v. Ipswich Town, 4 March 1995) W 9 -- 0 Alan Shearer (for Newcastle United v. Sheffield Wednesday, 19 September 1999) W 8 -- 0 Jermain Defoe (for Tottenham Hotspur v. Wigan Athletic, 22 November 2009) W 9 -- 1 Dimitar Berbatov (for Manchester United v. Blackburn Rovers, 27 November 2010) W 7 -- 1 Sergio Agüero (for Manchester City v. Newcastle United, 3 October 2015) W 6 -- 1 Title: List of FIFA World Cup hat-tricks Passage: Only one man has scored a hat - trick in a World Cup Final. Geoff Hurst scored three for England against West Germany in the 1966 Final. This is also the longest hat - trick to be completed -- most time between the first and third goals. His first goal came at 10 ', while the second goals were in extra time at 98' and 120 '. Title: Premier League records and statistics Passage: Most goals in one half: 5, Jermain Defoe (for Tottenham Hotspur v. Wigan Athletic, 22 November 2009) W 9 -- 1 Fastest goal: 10 seconds, Ledley King (for Tottenham Hotspur v. Bradford City, 9 December 2000) Most goals scored by a substitute in a game: 4, Ole Gunnar Solskjær (for Manchester United v. Nottingham Forest, 6 February 1999) Most consecutive away league matches scored in: 9, Robin van Persie (for Arsenal, 1 January 2011 to 22 May 2011) Most consecutive seasons to score at least 30 Goals: 3 (1993 -- 1996), Alan Shearer (all for Blackburn Rovers) Most consecutive seasons to score at least 25 Goals: 4 (1993 -- 1997), Alan Shearer (1993 -- 1996 for Blackburn Rovers, 1996 -- 1997 for Newcastle United) Most consecutive seasons to score at least 20 Goals: 5 (2001 -- 2006), Thierry Henry (all for Arsenal) Most consecutive seasons to score at least 10 Goals: 11 (2004 -- 2015), Wayne Rooney (all for Manchester United) Most consecutive seasons to score at least 1 Goal: 21 (1992 -- 2013), Ryan Giggs (all for Manchester United) Fastest Premier League hat - trick: Sadio Mané, 2 minutes 56 seconds (for Southampton v. Aston Villa, 16 May 2015) Highest number of different clubs to score for: 7: Craig Bellamy (for Coventry City, Newcastle United, Blackburn Rovers, Liverpool, West Ham United, Manchester City, Cardiff City) Most own goals: 10, Richard Dunne Most own goals in a season: 4, Martin Škrtel (2013 -- 14) Most Hat - tricks against a single club: 3, Luis Suárez (for Liverpool v. Norwich City) Most Goals in a calendar month: 10 (December 2013), Luis Suárez (for Liverpool) Title: List of FA Community Shield matches Passage: Manchester United hold the record for the most victories, winning the competition 21 times since its inception. They also hold the distinction of having the most appearances (30) and most losses (9). Although the Shield has had its share of historical moments -- from Eric Cantona's first career hat - trick in 1992, to Manchester United's first loss of 1999 ending a streak of 33 consecutive games without a defeat -- it has been dismissed as a ceremonial friendly that is not on par with other domestic honours in terms of prestige. Winning the Shield has proven to be an unreliable indicator of success in the forthcoming season. Since the establishment of the Premier League in 1992, only seven clubs that won the Shield proceeded to become League champions in the same season, the last being Manchester United in 2010 -- 11. Indeed, Gianluca Vialli was sacked only weeks after guiding Chelsea to the victory in the 2000 match, following a lacklustre start to the season. The current holders are Arsenal, who defeated Chelsea in a penalty shootout after a 1 -- 1 draw in the 2017 edition. Title: Hat-trick Passage: Wayne Gretzky holds the NHL record for the most hat tricks in a career with 50. Harry Hyland scored the league's first hat trick, in the league's very first game on 19 December 1917, in which Hyland's Montreal Wanderers defeated the Toronto Arenas 10 -- 9. Title: Xavi Passage: Xavi helped Barcelona win the 2009 Champions League final 2–0 against Manchester United, assisting the second goal by crossing to Messi for his header. Prior to the match, Manchester United coach Sir Alex Ferguson heaped praise on the central midfield combination of Xavi and Andrés Iniesta, stating, "I don't think Xavi and Iniesta have ever given the ball away in their lives. They get you on that carousel and they can leave you dizzy." Xavi was voted "UEFA Champions League best midfielder" for his contribution during Barcelona's victorious 2008–09 Champions League campaign.Xavi was the highest assisting player in La Liga with 20, and in the Champions League, with 7; he earned 29 assists overall that season. Xavi was under contract to Barça until 2014 after extending his contract during the 2008–09 season. The new contract made him one of the club's biggest earners, with a salary of €7.5 million a year. Title: La Liga Passage: 62 teams have competed in La Liga since its inception. Nine teams have been crowned champions, with Real Madrid winning the title a record 33 times and Barcelona 25 times. Barcelona won the inaugural La Liga in 1929 with Athletic Bilbao claiming several titles in the league's early years. Barcelona and Real Madrid dominated the championship in the 1950s, winning four La Liga titles each throughout the decade. Real Madrid dominated La Liga from the 1960s through the 1980s, when Barcelona, Athletic Bilbao, and Real Sociedad won the league twice in those years. From the 1990s onward, Barcelona has dominated La Liga, winning 15 titles. Although Real Madrid has been prominent, winning 8 titles, La Liga has also seen other champions, including Atlético Madrid, Valencia, and Deportivo de La Coruña. In the 2010s, Atlético Madrid has become an increasingly stronger team, forming a trio alongside Real Madrid and Barcelona. Title: Cristiano Ronaldo Passage: Ronaldo scored his first and only hat - trick for Manchester United in a 6 -- 0 win against Newcastle United on 12 January 2008, bringing United up to the top of the Premier League table. A month later, on 19 March, he captained United for the first time in a home win over Bolton, and scored both goals of the match. His second goal was his 33rd of the campaign, which bettered George Best's total of 32 goals in the 1967 -- 68 season, thus setting the club's new single - season record by a midfielder. Ronaldo scored his final league goal of the season from the penalty spot in the title decider against Wigan on 11 May, as United claimed a second successive Premier League title. His 31 league goals earned him the Premier League Golden Boot, as well as the European Golden Shoe, which made him the first winger to win the latter award. Title: List of Test cricket triple centuries Passage: The first Test triple century was achieved by Andy Sandham of England against the West Indies in 1930 in the first Test series hosted in the West Indies. The frequency of a batsman scoring a Test triple century is slightly less than that of a bowler taking a Test hat - trick (30 triple centuries versus 43 hat - tricks as of July 2017). The quickest Test triple - century was scored in 4 hours 48 minutes, by Wally Hammond for England against New Zealand at Auckland in 1932 -- 33. The fastest Test triple - century by number of balls faced, where that figure is recorded, is Virender Sehwag's 278 - ball triple century for India against South Africa in the first Test of the Future Cup in Chennai in 2008. Title: 2017–18 La Liga Passage: The 2017 -- 18 La Liga season, also known as La Liga Santander for sponsorship reasons, is the 87th since its establishment. The season began on 18 August 2017 and is scheduled to conclude on 20 May 2018. The fixtures of the 2017 -- 18 season were released on 21 July 2017. Title: Trick-or-treating Passage: In North America, trick - or - treating has been a Halloween tradition since the late 1920s. In Britain and Ireland the tradition of going house - to - house collecting food at Halloween goes back at least as far as the 16th century, as had the tradition of people wearing costumes at Halloween. In 19th century Britain and Ireland, there are many accounts of people going house - to - house in costume at Halloween, reciting verses in exchange for food, and sometimes warning of misfortune if they were not welcomed. The Scottish Halloween custom of ``guising ''-- children disguised in costume going from house to house for food or money -- is first recorded in North America in 1911 in Ontario, Canada. While going house - to - house in costume has remained popular among Scots and Irish, the custom of saying`` trick or treat'' has only recently become common. The activity is prevalent in the United States, Canada, the United Kingdom, the Republic of Ireland, Puerto Rico, and northwestern and central Mexico. In the latter, this practice is called calaverita (Spanish for ``sugar skull ''), and instead of`` trick or treat'', the children ask ¿me da mi calaverita? (``can you give me my sugar skull? '') where a calaverita is a small skull made of sugar or chocolate. Title: Beauty School Cop Outs Passage: Beauty School Cop Outs is a British reality television series based in Manchester, England and broadcast on MTV. The show premiered on 29 October 2013 and follows British and Irish youngsters as they move to a beauty school in Manchester to learn the tricks of the trade.	[ "Cristiano Ronaldo", "List of La Liga hat-tricks" ]
How did the entity within which the basic MP3 decoding and technology patent is free rank Switzerland's economy?	Europe's most innovative country	[ "Europe" ]	Title: Eidophor Passage: The idea for the original Eidophor was conceived in 1939 in Zurich by Dr. Fritz Fischer and the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, with the first prototype being unveiled in 1943. A patent was granted by the United States Patent and Trademark Office (patent no. 2,391,451) to Friederich Ernst Fischer for the "Process and appliance for projecting television pictures" on 25 December 1945. Title: MP3 Passage: In November 1997, the website mp3.com was offering thousands of MP3s created by independent artists for free. The small size of MP3 files enabled widespread peer-to-peer file sharing of music ripped from CDs, which would have previously been nearly impossible. The first large peer-to-peer filesharing network, Napster, was launched in 1999. Title: Switzerland Passage: Agricultural protectionism—a rare exception to Switzerland's free trade policies—has contributed to high food prices. Product market liberalisation is lagging behind many EU countries according to the OECD. Nevertheless, domestic purchasing power is one of the best in the world. Apart from agriculture, economic and trade barriers between the European Union and Switzerland are minimal and Switzerland has free trade agreements worldwide. Switzerland is a member of the European Free Trade Association (EFTA). Title: MP3 Passage: Sisvel S.p.A. and its U.S. subsidiary Audio MPEG, Inc. previously sued Thomson for patent infringement on MP3 technology, but those disputes were resolved in November 2005 with Sisvel granting Thomson a license to their patents. Motorola followed soon after, and signed with Sisvel to license MP3-related patents in December 2005. Except for three patents, the US patents administered by Sisvel had all expired in 2015, however (the exceptions are: U.S. Patent 5,878,080, expires February 2017, U.S. Patent 5,850,456, expires February 2017 and U.S. Patent 5,960,037, expires 9. April 2017. Title: MP3 Passage: An exception is the United States, where patents filed prior to 8 June 1995 expire 17 years after the publication date of the patent, but application extensions make it possible for a patent to issue much later than normally expected (see submarine patents). The various MP3-related patents expire on dates ranging from 2007 to 2017 in the U.S. Patents filed for anything disclosed in ISO CD 11172 a year or more after its publication are questionable. If only the known MP3 patents filed by December 1992 are considered, then MP3 decoding has been patent-free in the US since 22 September 2015 when U.S. Patent 5,812,672 expired which had a PCT filing in October 1992. If the longest-running patent mentioned in the aforementioned references is taken as a measure, then the MP3 technology will be patent-free in the United States on 30 December 2017 when U.S. Patent 5,703,999, held by the Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft and administered by Technicolor, expires. Title: MP3 Passage: However, several de facto standards for tag formats exist. As of 2010, the most widespread are ID3v1 and ID3v2, and the more recently introduced APEv2. These tags are normally embedded at the beginning or end of MP3 files, separate from the actual MP3 frame data. MP3 decoders either extract information from the tags, or just treat them as ignorable, non-MP3 junk data. Title: Switzerland Passage: Switzerland has an overwhelmingly private sector economy and low tax rates by Western World standards; overall taxation is one of the smallest of developed countries. Switzerland is a relatively easy place to do business, currently ranking 20th of 189 countries in the Ease of Doing Business Index. The slow growth Switzerland experienced in the 1990s and the early 2000s has brought greater support for economic reforms and harmonization with the European Union. According to Credit Suisse, only about 37% of residents own their own homes, one of the lowest rates of home ownership in Europe. Housing and food price levels were 171% and 145% of the EU-25 index in 2007, compared to 113% and 104% in Germany. Title: MP3 Passage: In February 2007, Texas MP3 Technologies sued Apple, Samsung Electronics and Sandisk in eastern Texas federal court, claiming infringement of a portable MP3 player patent that Texas MP3 said it had been assigned. Apple, Samsung, and Sandisk all settled the claims against them in January 2009. Title: Advanced Learning and Research Institute Passage: The Advanced Learning and Research Institute (ALaRI), Faculty of Informatics, was established in 1999 at the University of Lugano (Università della Svizzera italiana, USI) with the mission of promoting research and education in embedded systems. The Faculty of Informatics within very few years has become one of the Switzerland major destinations for teaching and research, ranking third after the two Federal Institutes of Technology, Zurich and Lausanne. Title: MP3 Passage: The initial near-complete MPEG-1 standard (parts 1, 2 and 3) was publicly available on 6 December 1991 as ISO CD 11172. In most countries, patents cannot be filed after prior art has been made public, and patents expire 20 years after the initial filing date, which can be up to 12 months later for filings in other countries. As a result, patents required to implement MP3 expired in most countries by December 2012, 21 years after the publication of ISO CD 11172. Title: MP3 Passage: A more sophisticated MP3 encoder can produce variable bitrate audio. MPEG audio may use bitrate switching on a per-frame basis, but only layer III decoders must support it. VBR is used when the goal is to achieve a fixed level of quality. The final file size of a VBR encoding is less predictable than with constant bitrate. Average bitrate is VBR implemented as a compromise between the two: the bitrate is allowed to vary for more consistent quality, but is controlled to remain near an average value chosen by the user, for predictable file sizes. Although an MP3 decoder must support VBR to be standards compliant, historically some decoders have bugs with VBR decoding, particularly before VBR encoders became widespread. Title: Switzerland Passage: Switzerland has one of the best environmental records among nations in the developed world; it was one of the countries to sign the Kyoto Protocol in 1998 and ratified it in 2003. With Mexico and the Republic of Korea it forms the Environmental Integrity Group (EIG). The country is heavily active in recycling and anti-littering regulations and is one of the top recyclers in the world, with 66% to 96% of recyclable materials being recycled, depending on the area of the country. The 2014 Global Green Economy Index ranked Switzerland among the top 10 green economies in the world. Title: Seattle Passage: Seattle's economy is driven by a mix of older industrial companies, and "new economy" Internet and technology companies, service, design and clean technology companies. The city's gross metropolitan product was $231 billion in 2010, making it the 11th largest metropolitan economy in the United States. The Port of Seattle, which also operates Seattle–Tacoma International Airport, is a major gateway for trade with Asia and cruises to Alaska, and is the 8th largest port in the United States in terms of container capacity. Though it was affected by the Great Recession, Seattle has retained a comparatively strong economy, and remains a hotbed for start-up businesses, especially in green building and clean technologies: it was ranked as America's No. 1 "smarter city" based on its government policies and green economy. In February 2010, the city government committed Seattle to becoming North America's first "climate neutral" city, with a goal of reaching zero net per capita greenhouse gas emissions by 2030. Title: MP3 Passage: An additional extension to MPEG-2 is named MPEG-2.5 audio, as MPEG-3 already had a different meaning. This extension was developed at Fraunhofer IIS, the registered MP3 patent holders. Like MPEG-2, MPEG-2.5 adds new sampling rates exactly half of that previously possible with MPEG-2. It thus widens the scope of MP3 to include human speech and other applications requiring only 25% of the frequency reproduction possible with MPEG-1. While not an ISO recognized standard, MPEG-2.5 is widely supported by both inexpensive and brand name digital audio players as well as computer software based MP3 encoders and decoders. A sample rate comparison between MPEG-1, 2 and 2.5 is given further down. MPEG-2.5 was not developed by MPEG and was never approved as an international standard. MPEG-2.5 is thus an unofficial or proprietary extension to the MP3 format. Title: MP3 Passage: The basic MP3 decoding and encoding technology is patent-free in the European Union, all patents having expired there. In the United States, the technology will be substantially patent-free on 31 December 2017 (see below). The majority of MP3 patents expired in the US between 2007 and 2015. Title: MP3 Passage: Non-standard bit rates up to 640 kbit/s can be achieved with the LAME encoder and the freeformat option, although few MP3 players can play those files. According to the ISO standard, decoders are only required to be able to decode streams up to 320 kbit/s. Title: European Inventor Award Passage: The European Inventor Award or European Inventor awards (formerly European Inventor of the Year Award, renamed in 2010), are presented annually by the European Patent Office, sometimes supported by the respective Presidency of the Council of the European Union and by the European Commission, to inventors who have made a significant contribution to innovation, economy and society in Europe. Inventions from all technological fields are considered for this award. The winners in each category are presented with an award shaped like a sail. There is no cash prize associated with the award. Title: MP3 Passage: In September 1998, the Fraunhofer Institute sent a letter to several developers of MP3 software stating that a license was required to "distribute and/or sell decoders and/or encoders". The letter claimed that unlicensed products "infringe the patent rights of Fraunhofer and Thomson. To make, sell and/or distribute products using the [MPEG Layer-3] standard and thus our patents, you need to obtain a license under these patents from us." Title: MP3 Passage: Technicolor (formerly called Thomson Consumer Electronics) claims to control MP3 licensing of the Layer 3 patents in many countries, including the United States, Japan, Canada and EU countries. Technicolor has been actively enforcing these patents. Title: Switzerland Passage: The World Economic Forum's Global Competitiveness Report currently ranks Switzerland's economy as the most competitive in the world, while ranked by the European Union as Europe's most innovative country. For much of the 20th century, Switzerland was the wealthiest country in Europe by a considerable margin (by GDP – per capita). In 2007 the gross median household income in Switzerland was an estimated 137,094 USD at Purchasing power parity while the median income was 95,824 USD. Switzerland also has one of the world's largest account balances as a percentage of GDP.	[ "Switzerland", "MP3" ]
Warkentin House is located in what county?	Harvey County	[ "Harvey County, Kansas" ]	Title: Newton, Kansas Passage: Newton is a city in and the county seat of Harvey County, Kansas, United States. As of the 2010 census, the city population was 19,132. Newton is located north of Wichita. The city of North Newton is located immediately north, existing as a separate political entity. Title: Warkentin House Passage: The Warkentin House is a house in Newton, Kansas, United States. The home of Bernhard Warkentin and Wilhelmina Eisenmayer Warkentin, it was built between 1886 and 1887. It is listed on the Kansas Register of Historic Places and National Register of Historic Places as a splendid example of the Victorian period in American architecture and furnishings. The Victorian house offers a glimpse into the way the Warkentins lived, with 80 percent of the original furnishings remaining. Title: Biblioteca Ayacucho Passage: The Biblioteca Ayacucho ("Ayacucho Library") is an editorial entity of the government of Venezuela, founded on September 10, 1974. It is managed by the "Fundación Biblioteca Ayacucho". Its name, "Ayacucho", comes from the intention to honor the definitive and crucial Battle of Ayacucho that took place December 9, 1824 between Spain and the territories of the Americas, prior to the full independence of the continent. Title: Zec Bras-Coupé–Désert Passage: The ZEC Bras-Coupé-Desert is a "zone d'exploitation contrôlée" (controlled harvesting zone) (ZEC), located in the unorganized territory of Lac-Pythonga in La Vallée-de-la-Gatineau Regional County Municipality, in the administrative region of Outaouais, in Quebec, in Canada. Title: Lutsel K'e Dene School Passage: Lutsel K'e Dene School is a K-12 public school located in Lutselk'e, Northwest Territories, Canada. The school currently represents the only public education option for youth in the settlement and serves a student population of approximately 73 students. The administration of the school is the responsibility of the South Slave Divisional Education Council (SSDEC). Title: Ap Lo Chun Passage: Ap Lo Chun () is a small island in the New Territories of Hong Kong. It is located in Ap Chau Bay () between Ap Chau in the east and Sai Ap Chau in the west, with the islet of Ap Tan Pai nearby in the northeast. It is under the administration of North District. Title: Bogotá Passage: Bogotá (/ ˈboʊɡətɑː /, / ˌbɒɡəˈtɑː /, / ˌboʊ - /; Spanish pronunciation: (boɣoˈta) (listen)), officially Bogotá, Distrito Capital, abbreviated Bogotá, D.C., and formerly known as Santafé de Bogotá between 1991 and 2000, is the capital and largest city of Colombia, administered as the Capital District, although often thought of as part of Cundinamarca. Bogotá is a territorial entity of the first order, with the same administrative status as the departments of Colombia. It is the political, economic, administrative, industrial, artistic, cultural, and sports center of the country. Title: Paea Passage: Paea is a commune in the suburbs of Papeete in French Polynesia, an overseas territory of France in the southern Pacific Ocean. Paea is located on the island of Tahiti, in the administrative subdivision of the Windward Islands, themselves part of the Society Islands. At the 2017 census it had a population of 13,021. Title: Biysky District Passage: Biysky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-nine in Altai Krai, Russia. It is located in the east of the krai and borders with Zonalny, Tselinny, Soltonsky, Krasnogorsky, Sovetsky, and Smolensky Districts, as well as with the territory of the City of Biysk. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Biysk (which is not administratively a part of the district). District's population: Title: Bani Walid District Passage: Bani Walid or Ben Walid, prior to 2007, was one of the districts of Libya, administrative town Bani Walid. In the 2007 administrative reorganization the territory formerly in Bani Walid District was transferred to Misrata District. Title: Municipio XIX Passage: The Municipio XIX was an administrative subdivision of the city of Rome. Following the administrative reform of 11 March 2013, it was suppressed and merged into the new, and coextensive, Municipio XIV. Its territory is situated to the north-west part of the municipality of Rome. Title: Territory of Papua Passage: In 1949, the Territory and the Territory of New Guinea were established in an administrative union by the name of the Territory of Papua and New Guinea. That administrative union was renamed as Papua New Guinea in 1971. Notwithstanding that it was part of an administrative union, the Territory of Papua at all times retained a distinct legal status and identity; it was a Possession of the Crown whereas the Territory of New Guinea was initially a League of Nations mandate territory and subsequently a United Nations trust territory. This important legal and political distinction remained until the advent of the Independent State of Papua New Guinea in 1975. Title: States of Germany Passage: Local associations of a special kind are an amalgamation of one or more Landkreise with one or more Kreisfreie Städte to form a replacement of the aforementioned administrative entities at the district level. They are intended to implement simplification of administration at that level. Typically, a district-free city or town and its urban hinterland are grouped into such an association, or Kommunalverband besonderer Art. Such an organization requires the issuing of special laws by the governing state, since they are not covered by the normal administrative structure of the respective states. Title: Khabarovsky District Passage: Khabarovsky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the seventeen in Khabarovsk Krai, Russia. It consists of two unconnected segments separated by the territory of Amursky District, which are located in the southwest of the krai. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Khabarovsk (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population: Title: Charles Edward Herbert Passage: Charles Edward Herbert (12 June 1860 – 21 January 1929) was an Australian politician and judge. He was a member of the South Australian House of Assembly from 1900 to 1905, representing the electorate of Northern Territory. He was Government Resident of the Northern Territory from 1905 to 1910. He was then deputy chief judicial officer of the Territory of Papua (later Judge of the Central Court of Papua) from 1910 to 1928. This role saw him serve for extended periods on the Executive Council of Papua, and act as its Administrator and Lieutenant-Governor. During this period, he served as an acting judge of the Supreme Court of the Northern Territory in 1921. He was appointed Administrator of Norfolk Island in 1928, holding the position until his death in 1929. Title: Union territory Passage: A union territory is a type of administrative division in the Republic of India. Unlike states, which have their own elected governments, union territories are ruled directly by the Union Government (central government), hence the name ``union territory ''. Union territories in India qualify as federal territories, by definition. Title: Arrondissement of Mechelen Passage: The Arrondissement of Mechelen (; ) is one of the three administrative arrondissements in the Province of Antwerp, Belgium. It is both an administrative and a judicial arrondissement, as the territory for both coincides. Title: Vilnius County Passage: Vilnius County () is the largest of the 10 counties of Lithuania, located in the east of the country around the city Vilnius. On 1 July 2010, the county administration was abolished, and since that date, Vilnius County remains as the territorial and statistical unit. Title: Wardville, Oklahoma Passage: Wardville is a small unincorporated community in northern Atoka County, Oklahoma, United States, along State Highway 131 14 miles northeast of Coalgate, Oklahoma. The post office was established February 6, 1902 under the name Herbert, Oklahoma. Herbert was located in Atoka County, Choctaw Nation, a territorial-era entity which included portions of today's Atoka, Coal, Hughes and Pittsburg counties. The town was named after Herbert Ward, who was the youngest son of the towns first postmaster, Henry Pleasant Ward. The name of the town was changed to Wardville on July 18, 1907. Wardville was named for the before mentioned Henry Pleasant Ward, who served in the territorial House of Representatives and Senate and was an Atoka County judge. The Wardville Post Office closed in 2007. Title: Georgia-Imeretia Governorate Passage: In 1846 the Imperial administration of the Caucasus was reorganized and the Georgia-Imeretia Governorate was abolished, with its territory forming the new governorates of Tiflis and Kutais.	[ "Newton, Kansas", "Warkentin House" ]
How many Germans live in the colonial holding in Aruba's continent governed by the country where Modicus is located?	5 million	[]	Title: Germans Passage: People of German origin are found in various places around the globe. United States is home to approximately 50 million German Americans or one third of the German diaspora, making it the largest centre of German-descended people outside Germany. Brazil is the second largest with 5 million people claiming German ancestry. Other significant centres are Canada, Argentina, South Africa and France each accounting for at least 1 million. While the exact number of German-descended people is difficult to calculate, the available data makes it safe to claim the number is exceeding 100 million people. Title: Imperialism Passage: However, in 1883–84 Germany began to build a colonial empire in Africa and the South Pacific, before losing interest in imperialism. Historians have debated exactly why Germany made this sudden and short-lived move.[verification needed] Bismarck was aware that public opinion had started to demand colonies for reasons of German prestige. He was influenced by Hamburg merchants and traders, his neighbors at Friedrichsruh. The establishment of the German colonial empire proceeded smoothly, starting with German New Guinea in 1884. Title: Bismarck monument Passage: From 1868 onwards, Bismarck monuments were erected in many parts of the German Empire in honour of the long-serving Prussian minister-president and first German "Reichskanzler", Prince Otto von Bismarck. Today some of these monuments are on the soil of other countries including France, Poland and Russia as well as the former German colonies on other continents. Title: List of island countries Passage: This is a list of island countries. An island is a land mass (smaller than a continent) that is surrounded by water. Many island countries are spread over an archipelago, as is the case with the Federated States of Micronesia and the Indonesia (which consists of thousands of islands). Others consist of a single island, such as Nauru, or part of an island, such as Haiti. Although Australia is designated as a continent, it is often referred to as an island, as it has no land borders. Some declared island countries are not universally recognized as politically independent, such as Northern Cyprus. Some states, such as Taiwan, officially claim to hold continental territories but are de facto limited to control over islands. Title: Culture of Aruba Passage: The culture of Aruba, one of the many islands that make up the Caribbean, is an amalgamate of the various cultures that have occupied and lived on the island, including indigenous peoples of South America, descendants of African slaves, and Spanish and Dutch colonialists. Title: Modicus Passage: Movimento Dinâmico e Cultural de Sandim Is an amateur futsal team based in Sandim, Portugal. It plays in Portuguese Futsal First Division. Title: History of South Africa Passage: Following the defeat of the Boers in the Anglo - Boer or South African War (1899 -- 1902), the Union of South Africa was created as a dominion of the British Empire in terms of the South Africa Act 1909, which amalgamated the four previously separate British colonies: Cape Colony, Natal Colony, Transvaal Colony, and Orange River Colony. The country became a self - governing nation state within the British Empire, in 1934 following enactment of the Status of the Union Act. The dominion came to an end on 31 May 1961 as the consequence of a 1960 referendum, which legitimised the country becoming a sovereign state named Republic of South Africa. A republican constitution was adopted. Title: History of Australia Passage: A First Fleet of British ships arrived at Botany Bay in January 1788 to establish a penal colony, the first colony on the Australian mainland. In the century that followed, the British established other colonies on the continent, and European explorers ventured into its interior. Indigenous Australians were greatly weakened and their numbers diminished by introduced diseases and conflict with the colonists during this period. Title: Portuguese Empire Passage: Although the royal family returned to Portugal in 1821, the interlude led to a growing desire for independence amongst Brazilians. In 1822, the son of Dom João VI, then prince - regent Dom Pedro I, proclaimed the independence of Brazil on September 7, 1822, and was crowned Emperor of the new Empire of Brazil. Unlike the Spanish colonies of South America, Brazil's independence was achieved without significant bloodshed. Title: East Prussia Passage: A similar fate befell the Curonians who lived in the area around the Curonian Lagoon. While many fled from the Red Army during the evacuation of East Prussia, Curonians that remained behind were subsequently expelled by the Soviet Union. Only 219 lived along the Curonian Spit in 1955. Many had German names such as Fritz or Hans, a cause for anti-German discrimination. The Soviet authorities considered the Curonians fascists. Because of this discrimination, many immigrated to West Germany in 1958, where the majority of Curonians now live. Title: History of Australia (1788–1850) Passage: The history of Australia from 1788 -- 1850 covers the early colonial period of Australia's history, from the arrival in 1788 of the First Fleet of British ships at Sydney, New South Wales, who established the penal colony, the scientific exploration of the continent and later, establishment of other Australian colonies and the beginnings of representative democratic government. European colonisation would have a devastating effect on the pre-existing population of Indigenous Australians, and debate continues in the 21st century as to whether the colonisation process represented settlement, invasion, or a mixture of both. Title: Modern history Passage: From the 1880s to 1914, the European powers expanded their control across the African continent, competing with each other for Africa’s land and resources. Great Britain controlled various colonial holdings in East Africa that spanned the length of the African continent from Egypt in the north to South Africa. The French gained major ground in West Africa, and the Portuguese held colonies in southern Africa. Germany, Italy, and Spain established a small number of colonies at various points throughout the continent, which included German East Africa (Tanganyika) and German Southwest Africa for Germany, Eritrea and Libya for Italy, and the Canary Islands and Rio de Oro in northwestern Africa for Spain. Finally, for King Leopold (ruled from 1865–1909), there was the large “piece of that great African cake” known as the Congo, which, unfortunately for the native Congolese, became his personal fiefdom to do with as he pleased in Central Africa. By 1914, almost the entire continent was under European control. Liberia, which was settled by freed American slaves in the 1820s, and Abyssinia (Ethiopia) in eastern Africa were the last remaining independent African states. (John Merriman, A History of Modern Europe, Volume Two: From the French Revolution to the Present, Third Edition (New York: W. W. Norton & Company, 2010), pp. 819–859). Title: Antarctica Passage: Several governments maintain permanent manned research stations on the continent. The number of people conducting and supporting scientific research and other work on the continent and its nearby islands varies from about 1,000 in winter to about 5,000 in the summer, giving it a population density between 70 and 350 inhabitants per million square kilometres (180 and 900 per million square miles) at these times. Many of the stations are staffed year-round, the winter-over personnel typically arriving from their home countries for a one-year assignment. An Orthodox church—Trinity Church, opened in 2004 at the Russian Bellingshausen Station—is manned year-round by one or two priests, who are similarly rotated every year. Title: Togoland Campaign Passage: The Togoland Campaign (9–26 August 1914) was a French and British invasion of the German colony of Togoland in west Africa, which began the West African Campaign of the First World War. German colonial forces withdrew from the capital Lomé and the coastal province, to fight delaying actions on the route north to Kamina, where the "Kamina Funkstation" (wireless transmitter) linked the government in Berlin to Togoland, the Atlantic and South America. The main British and French force from the neighbouring colonies of Gold Coast and Dahomey, advanced from the coast up the road and railway, as smaller forces converged on Kamina from the north. The German defenders were able to delay the invaders for several days at the battles of Agbeluvhoe and Chra but surrendered the colony on 26 August 1914. In 1916, Togoland was partitioned by the victors and in July 1922, British Togoland and French Togoland were established as League of Nations mandates. Title: German South West Africa Passage: German South West Africa (German: Deutsch-Südwestafrika) was a colony of the German Empire from 1884 until 1919. With an area of 835,100 km², it was one and a half times the size of the mainland German Empire in Europe at the time. The colony had a population of around 2,600 Germans. Title: Modern history Passage: At the time of the Berlin Conference, Africa contained one-fifth of the world’s population living in one-quarter of the world’s land area. However, from Europe's perspective, they were dividing an unknown continent. European countries established a few coastal colonies in Africa by the mid-nineteenth century, which included Cape Colony (Great Britain), Angola (Portugal), and Algeria (France), but until the late nineteenth century Europe largely traded with free African states without feeling the need for territorial possession. Until the 1880s most of Africa remained unchartered, with western maps from the period generally showing blank spaces for the continent’s interior. Title: History of South Africa Passage: Following the defeat of the Boers in the Anglo - Boer or South African War (1899 -- 1902), the Union of South Africa was created as a dominion of the British Empire in terms of the South Africa Act 1909, which amalgamated the four previously separate British colonies: Cape Colony, Natal Colony, Transvaal Colony and Orange River Colony. The country became a self - governing nation state within the British Empire, in 1934 following enactment of the Status of the Union Act. The dominion came to an end on 31 May 1961 as the consequence of a 1960 referendum, which legitimised the country becoming a sovereign state named Republic of South Africa. A republican constitution was adopted. Title: Munich Agreement Passage: Czechoslovakia was created in 1918 following the collapse of the Austro - Hungarian Empire at the end of World War I. The Treaty of Versailles recognized the independence of Czechoslovakia with a population that included three million German - speaking people, 24 percent of the total population of the country. The Germans lived mostly in an area called Sudetenland bordering on Germany and the newly created country of Austria. The Sudeten Germans were not consulted about whether they wished to be citizens of Czechoslovakia. Although the constitution guaranteed equality for all citizens, there was a tendency among political leaders to transform the country ``into an instrument of Czech and Slovak nationalism ''. Although some progress was made to integrate the Germans and other minorities, they continued to be under - represented in the government and the army. Moreover, the Great Depression beginning in 1929 impacted the highly industrialized and export - oriented Sudeten Germans more than it did the Czech and Slovak populations. By 1936, 60 percent of the unemployed people in Czechoslovakia were Germans. Title: Thirteen Colonies Passage: In 1606, King James I of England granted charters to both the Plymouth Company and the London Company for the purpose of establishing permanent settlements in North America. The London Company established the Colony and Dominion of Virginia in 1607, the first permanently settled English colony on the North American continent. The Plymouth Company founded the Popham Colony on the Kennebec River, but it was short - lived. The Plymouth Council for New England sponsored several colonization projects, culminating with Plymouth Colony in 1620 which was settled by the English Puritans, known today as the Pilgrims. The Dutch, Swedish, and French also established successful North American colonies at roughly the same time as the English, but they eventually came under the English crown. The Thirteen Colonies were complete with the establishment of the Province of Georgia in 1732, although the term ``Thirteen Colonies ''became current only in the context of the American Revolution. Title: Thirteen Colonies Passage: In 1606, King James I of England granted charters to both the Plymouth Company and the London Company for the purpose of establishing permanent settlements in North America. The first permanently settled English colony on the North American continent was the Colony and Dominion of Virginia, established 1607. The Plymouth Company did found the Popham Colony on the Kennebec River, but it was short - lived. The Plymouth Council for New England sponsored several colonization projects, culminating with Plymouth Colony, which was settled by the English Puritans who are known today as the Pilgrims. The Dutch, Swedish, and French also established successful North American colonies at roughly the same time as the English, but they eventually came under the English crown. The 13 colonies were complete with the establishment of the Province of Georgia in 1732, although the term ``Thirteen Colonies ''became current only in the context of the American Revolution.	[ "Modicus", "Germans", "Culture of Aruba", "Portuguese Empire" ]
How many people live in the sub-Saharan African nation which does the most trade with the U.S.?	182 million	[]	Title: Geography of Liberia Passage: Liberia is a Sub-Saharan nation in West Africa located at 6 ° N, 9 ° W. It borders the north Atlantic Ocean to the southwest (580 kilometres (360 mi) of coastline) and three other African nations on the other three sides. Title: Muammar Gaddafi Passage: International reactions to Gaddafi's death were divided. U.S. President Barack Obama stated that it meant that "the shadow of tyranny over Libya has been lifted," while UK Prime Minister David Cameron stated that he was "proud" of his country's role in overthrowing "this brutal dictator". Contrastingly, former Cuban President Fidel Castro commented that in defying the rebels, Gaddafi would "enter history as one of the great figures of the Arab nations", while Venezuelan President Hugo Chávez described him as "a great fighter, a revolutionary and a martyr." Nelson Mandela expressed sadness at the news, praising Gaddafi for his anti-apartheid stance, remarking that he backed the African National Congress during "the darkest moments of our struggle". Gaddafi was mourned by many as a hero across Sub-Saharan Africa, for instance, a vigil was held by Muslims in Sierra Leone. The Daily Times of Nigeria stated that while undeniably a dictator, Gaddafi was the most benevolent in a region that only knew dictatorship, and that he was "a great man that looked out for his people and made them the envy of all of Africa." The Nigerian newspaper Leadership reported that while many Libyans and Africans would mourn Gaddafi, this would be ignored by western media and that as such it would take 50 years before historians decided whether he was "martyr or villain." Title: International Centre for the Study of the Preservation and Restoration of Cultural Property Passage: 1985 – Regional Programmes were launched with the PREMA programme (PREvention of Museums in Africa), a long-term incentive to train sub-Saharan African professionals in preventive conservation. Title: South Africa Passage: South Africa, officially the Republic of South Africa (RSA), is the southernmost country in Africa. It is bounded to the south by 2,798 kilometres (1,739 mi) of coastline of Southern Africa stretching along the South Atlantic and Indian Oceans; to the north by the neighbouring countries of Namibia, Botswana, and Zimbabwe; and to the east and northeast by Mozambique and Swaziland (Eswatini); and it surrounds the kingdom of Lesotho. South Africa is the largest country in Southern Africa and the 25th - largest country in the world by land area and, with close to 56 million people, is the world's 24th-most populous nation. It is the southernmost country on the mainland of the Old World or the Eastern Hemisphere. About 80 percent of South Africans are of Sub-Saharan African ancestry, divided among a variety of ethnic groups speaking different African languages, nine of which have official status. The remaining population consists of Africa's largest communities of European (white), Asian (Indian), and multiracial (Coloured) ancestry. Title: Multiracial Americans Passage: Americans with Sub-Saharan African ancestry for historical reasons: slavery, partus sequitur ventrem, one-eighth law, the one-drop rule of 20th-century legislation, have frequently been classified as black (historically) or African American, even if they have significant European American or Native American ancestry. As slavery became a racial caste, those who were enslaved and others of any African ancestry were classified by what is termed "hypodescent" according to the lower status ethnic group. Many of majority European ancestry and appearance "married white" and assimilated into white society for its social and economic advantages, such as generations of families identified as Melungeons, now generally classified as white but demonstrated genetically to be of European and sub-Saharan African ancestry. Title: Decolonisation of Africa Passage: On 6 March 1957, Ghana (formerly the Gold Coast) became the first sub-Saharan African country to gain its independence from European colonization in the twentieth century. Title: Black people Passage: Some succeeded their fathers as rulers, such as Sultan Ahmad al-Mansur, who ruled Morocco from 1578 to 1608. He was not technically considered as a mixed-race child of a slave; his mother was Fulani and a concubine of his father. Such tolerance for black persons, even when technically "free", was not so common in Morocco. The long association of sub-Saharan peoples as slaves is shown in the term abd (Arabic: عبد‎,) (meaning "slave"); it is still frequently used in the Arabic-speaking world as a term for black people. Title: South Africa Passage: South Africa, officially the Republic of South Africa (RSA), is the southernmost country in Africa. It is bounded on the south by 2,798 kilometres (1,739 mi) of coastline of Southern Africa stretching along the South Atlantic and Indian Oceans; on the north by the neighbouring countries of Namibia, Botswana, and Zimbabwe; and on the east and northeast by Mozambique and Swaziland; and surrounds the kingdom of Lesotho. South Africa is the largest country in Southern Africa and the 25th - largest country in the world by land area and, with close to 56 million people, is the world's 24th-most populous nation. It is the southernmost country on the mainland of the Old World or the Eastern Hemisphere. About 80 percent of South Africans are of Sub-Saharan African ancestry, divided among a variety of ethnic groups speaking different African languages, nine of which have official status. The remaining population consists of Africa's largest communities of African (black), European (white), Asian (Indian), and multiracial (coloured) ancestry. Title: Decolonisation of Africa Passage: On May 6, 1957, Ghana (formerly Gold Coast) became the first sub-Saharan African country to gain its independence from European colonization in the twentieth century. Title: Hunting Passage: Hunter-gathering lifestyles remained prevalent in some parts of the New World, Sub-Saharan Africa, and Siberia, as well as all of Australia, until the European Age of Discovery. They still persist in some tribal societies, albeit in rapid decline. Peoples that preserved paleolithic hunting-gathering until the recent past include some indigenous peoples of the Amazonas (Aché), some Central and Southern African (San people), some peoples of New Guinea (Fayu), the Mlabri of Thailand and Laos, the Vedda people of Sri Lanka, and a handful of uncontacted peoples. In Africa, the only remaining full-time hunter-gatherers are the Hadza of Tanzania.[citation needed] Title: African Political Systems Passage: African Political Systems is an academic anthology edited by the anthropologists Meyer Fortes and E. E. Evans-Pritchard which was published by Oxford University Press on the behalf of the International African Institute in 1940. The book contains eight separate papers produced by scholars working in the field of anthropology, each of which focuses in on a different society in Sub-Saharan Africa. It was the intention of the editors to bring together information on African political systems on a "broad, comparative basis" for the very first time. Title: Togo Passage: Togo is a tropical, sub-Saharan nation, whose economy depends highly on agriculture, with a climate that provides good growing seasons. While the official language is French, many other languages are spoken in Togo, particularly those of the Gbe family. The largest religious group in Togo consists of those with indigenous beliefs, and there are significant Christian and Muslim minorities. Togo is a member of the United Nations, African Union, Organisation of Islamic Cooperation, South Atlantic Peace and Cooperation Zone, Francophonie, and Economic Community of West African States. Title: Black people Passage: In early 1991, non-Arabs of the Zaghawa tribe of Sudan attested that they were victims of an intensifying Arab apartheid campaign, segregating Arabs and non-Arabs (specifically people of sub-Saharan African descent). Sudanese Arabs, who controlled the government, were widely referred to as practicing apartheid against Sudan's non-Arab citizens. The government was accused of "deftly manipulat(ing) Arab solidarity" to carry out policies of apartheid and ethnic cleansing. Title: Israel Passage: The population of Israel, as defined by the Israel Central Bureau of Statistics, was estimated in 2016 to be 8,476,600 people. It is the world's only Jewish-majority state, with 6,345,400 citizens, or 74.9%, being designated as Jewish. The country's second largest group of citizens are denoted as Arabs, numbering 1,760,400 people (including the Druze and most East Jerusalem Arabs). The great majority of Israeli Arabs are Sunni Muslims, with smaller but significant numbers of semi-settled Negev Bedouins; the rest are Christians and Druze. Other far smaller minorities include Maronites, Samaritans, Dom people and Roma, Black Hebrew Israelites, other Sub-Saharan Africans, Armenians, Circassians, Vietnamese boat people, and others. Israel also hosts a significant population of non-citizen foreign workers and asylum seekers from Africa and Asia. Title: Bantu Philosophy Passage: Bantu Philosophy ("La philosophie bantoue" in French) is a 1945 book written by Placide Tempels which argues that the people of Sub-Saharan Africa (the use of the term "Bantu" as an ethnic label is now largely discredited) have a distinctive philosophy, and attempts to describe the underpinnings of that philosophy. Title: Call and response (music) Passage: In Sub-Saharan African cultures, call and response is a pervasive pattern of democratic participation -- in public gatherings in the discussion of civic affairs, in religious rituals, as well as in vocal and instrumental musical expression. It is this tradition that African bondsmen and women brought with them to the New World and which has been transmitted over the centuries in various forms of cultural expression -- in religious observance; public gatherings; sporting events; even in children's rhymes; and, most notably, in African - American music in its myriad forms and descendants including: soul, gospel, blues, rhythm and blues, rock and roll, funk and hip hop. Hear for example the recordings entitled ``Negro Folklore from Texas State Prisons ''collected by Bruce Jackson on Electra Records. Call and response is widely present in parts of the Americas touched by the trans - Atlantic slave trade. The tradition of call and response fosters dialogue and its legacy continues on today, as it is an important component of oral traditions. Both African - American Women Work Songs, African American work songs, and the work song in general uses the call and response format often. Title: Journal of African Law Passage: The Journal of African Law is published biannually by Cambridge University Press on behalf of the School of Oriental and African Studies (University of London, United Kingdom). It is a peer-reviewed law review covering the laws of sub-Saharan African countries, emphasizing contemporary legal issues and issues of international and comparative significance. The journal contains a separate section on recent legislation, case-law, law reform proposals, and recent international developments affecting Africa. Title: Nigeria Passage: Nigeria was ranked 30th in the world in terms of GDP (PPP) in 2012. Nigeria is the United States' largest trading partner in sub-Saharan Africa and supplies a fifth of its oil (11% of oil imports). It has the seventh-largest trade surplus with the US of any country worldwide. Nigeria is the 50th-largest export market for US goods and the 14th-largest exporter of goods to the US. The United States is the country's largest foreign investor. The International Monetary Fund (IMF) projected economic growth of 9% in 2008 and 8.3% in 2009. The IMF further projects an 8% growth in the Nigerian economy in 2011. Title: Nigeria Passage: Nigeria is often referred to as the "Giant of Africa", owing to its large population and economy. With approximately 182 million inhabitants, Nigeria is the most populous country in Africa and the seventh most populous country in the world. Nigeria has one of the largest populations of youth in the world. The country is viewed as a multinational state, as it is inhabited by over 500 ethnic groups, of which the three largest are the Hausa, Igbo and Yoruba; these ethnic groups speak over 500 different languages, and are identified with wide variety of cultures. The official language is English. Nigeria is divided roughly in half between Christians, who live mostly in the southern part of the country, and Muslims in the northern part. A minority of the population practise religions indigenous to Nigeria, such as those native to Igbo and Yoruba peoples. Title: Republic of the Congo Passage: Congo is located in the central-western part of sub-Saharan Africa, along the Equator, lying between latitudes 4°N and 5°S, and longitudes 11° and 19°E. To the south and east of it is the Democratic Republic of Congo. It is also bounded by Gabon to the west, Cameroon and the Central African Republic to the north, and Cabinda (Angola) to the southwest. It has a short coast on the Atlantic Ocean.	[ "Nigeria" ]
What article of the constitution provides for the body, that congress delegated the responsibility of establishing court rules of conduct to?	Article Three	[]	Title: Article Six of the United States Constitution Passage: Article Six of the United States Constitution establishes the laws and treaties of the United States made in accordance with it as the supreme law of the land, forbids a religious test as a requirement for holding a governmental position and holds the United States under the Constitution responsible for debts incurred by the United States under the Articles of Confederation. Title: Separation of powers under the United States Constitution Passage: An example of the first view is the regulation of attorneys and judges, and the establishment of rules for the conduct of the courts, by the Congress and in the states the legislatures. Although in practice these matters are delegated to the Supreme Court, the Congress holds these powers and delegates them to the Supreme Court only for convenience in light of the Supreme Court's expertise, but can withdraw that delegation at any time. Title: Article One of the United States Constitution Passage: Article One of the United States Constitution establishes the legislative branch of the federal government, the United States Congress. The Congress is a bicameral legislature consisting of a House of Representatives and a Senate. Title: Article Three of the United States Constitution Passage: Article Three of the United States Constitution establishes the judicial branch of the federal government. The judicial branch comprises the Supreme Court of the United States and lower courts as created by Congress. Title: United States Passage: The original text of the Constitution establishes the structure and responsibilities of the federal government and its relationship with the individual states. Article One protects the right to the "great writ" of habeas corpus. The Constitution has been amended 27 times; the first ten amendments, which make up the Bill of Rights, and the Fourteenth Amendment form the central basis of Americans' individual rights. All laws and governmental procedures are subject to judicial review and any law ruled by the courts to be in violation of the Constitution is voided. The principle of judicial review, not explicitly mentioned in the Constitution, was established by the Supreme Court in Marbury v. Madison (1803) in a decision handed down by Chief Justice John Marshall. Title: Appointments Clause Passage: The Appointments Clause is part of Article II, Section 2, Clause 2 of the United States Constitution, which empowers the President of the United States to nominate, and with the advice and consent (confirmation) of the United States Senate, appoint public officials. Although the Senate must confirm certain ``principal ''officers (including ambassadors, Cabinet secretaries, and federal judges), Congress may by law delegate the Senate's advice and consent role when it comes to`` inferior'' officers (to the President alone, or the courts of law, or the heads of departments). Title: Enumerated powers (United States) Passage: The Enumerated powers (also called Expressed powers, Explicit powers or Delegated powers) of the United States Congress are listed in Article I, Section 8 of the United States Constitution. In summary, Congress may exercise the powers that the Constitution grants it, subject to the individual rights listed in the Bill of Rights. Moreover, the Constitution expresses various other limitations on Congress, such as the one expressed by the Tenth Amendment: ``The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people. ''Historically, Congress and the Supreme Court have broadly interpreted the enumerated powers, especially by deriving many implied powers from them. The enumerated powers listed in Article One include both exclusive federal powers, as well as concurrent powers that are shared with the states, and all of those powers are to be contrasted with reserved powers that only the states possess. Title: Constitution of the United States Passage: Article Seven describes the process for establishing the proposed new frame of government. Anticipating that the influence of many state politicians would be Antifederalist, delegates to the Philadelphia Convention provided for ratification of the Constitution by popularly elected ratifying conventions in each state. The convention method also made it possible that judges, ministers and others ineligible to serve in state legislatures, could be elected to a convention. Suspecting that Rhode Island, at least, might not ratify, delegates decided that the Constitution would go into effect as soon as nine states (two - thirds rounded up) ratified. Once ratified by this minimum number of states, it was anticipated that the proposed Constitution would become this Constitution between the nine or more that signed. It would not cover the four or fewer states that might not have signed. Title: History of the United States Constitution Passage: The United States Constitution was written in 1787 during the Philadelphia Convention. The old Congress set the rules the new government followed in terms of writing and ratifying the new constitution. After ratification in eleven states, in 1789 its elected officers of government assembled in New York City, replacing the Articles of Confederation government. The original Constitution has been amended twenty - seven times. The meaning of the Constitution is interpreted and extended by judicial review in the federal courts. The original parchment copies are on display at the National Archives Building. Title: United States nationality law Passage: The United States nationality law is a uniform rule of naturalization of the United States set out in the Immigration and Nationality Act of 1952, enacted under the power of Article I, section 8, clause 4 of the United States Constitution (also referred to as the Nationality Clause), which reads: Congress shall have Power - ``To establish a uniform Rule of Naturalization... ''The 1952 Act sets forth the legal requirements for the acquisition of, and divestiture from, American nationality. The requirements have become more explicit since the ratification of the Fourteenth Amendment to the Constitution, with the most recent changes to the law having been made by Congress in 2001. Title: Constitution of the United States Passage: The United States Constitution is the supreme law of the United States. The Constitution, originally comprising seven articles, delineates the national frame of government. Its first three articles embody the doctrine of the separation of powers, whereby the federal government is divided into three branches: the legislative, consisting of the bicameral Congress; the executive, consisting of the President; and the judicial, consisting of the Supreme Court and other federal courts. Articles Four, Five and Six embody concepts of federalism, describing the rights and responsibilities of state governments and of the states in relationship to the federal government. Article Seven establishes the procedure subsequently used by the thirteen States to ratify it. It is regarded as the oldest written and codified constitution in force of the world. Title: Constitution of the United States Passage: Article Three describes the court system (the judicial branch), including the Supreme Court. There shall be one court called the Supreme Court. The article describes the kinds of cases the court takes as original jurisdiction. Congress can create lower courts and an appeals process. Congress enacts law defining crimes and providing for punishment. Article Three also protects the right to trial by jury in all criminal cases, and defines the crime of treason. Title: Powers of the United States Congress Passage: Congress also has the power to establish post offices and post roads, issue patents and copyrights, fix standards of weights and measures, establish courts inferior to the Supreme Court, and ``To make all laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into execution the foregoing powers, and all other powers vested by this Constitution in the government of the United States, or in any department or officer thereof. ''Article Four gives Congress the power to admit new states into the Union. Title: Postal Clause Passage: Article I, Section 8, Clause 7 of the United States Constitution, known as the Postal Clause or the Postal Power, empowers Congress ``To establish Post Offices and post Roads ''. Title: Separation of powers under the United States Constitution Passage: Congress has the sole power to legislate for the United States. Under the nondelegation doctrine, Congress may not delegate its lawmaking responsibilities to any other agency. In this vein, the Supreme Court held in the 1998 case Clinton v. City of New York that Congress could not delegate a "line-item veto" to the President, by powers vested in the government by the Constitution. Title: Constitution of the United States Passage: The United States Constitution is the supreme law of the United States. The Constitution, originally comprising seven articles, delineates the national frame of government. Its first three articles entrench the doctrine of the separation of powers, whereby the federal government is divided into three branches: the legislative, consisting of the bicameral Congress; the executive, consisting of the President; and the judicial, consisting of the Supreme Court and other federal courts. Articles Four, Five and Six entrench concepts of federalism, describing the rights and responsibilities of state governments and of the states in relationship to the federal government. Article Seven establishes the procedure subsequently used by the thirteen States to ratify it. It is regarded as the oldest written and codified constitution in force of the world. Title: Judicial review in the United States Passage: Two landmark decisions by the U.S. Supreme Court served to confirm the inferred constitutional authority for judicial review in the United States: In 1796, Hylton v. United States was the first case decided by the Supreme Court involving a direct challenge to the constitutionality of an act of Congress, the Carriage Act of 1794 which imposed a ``carriage tax ''. The Court engaged in the process of judicial review by examining the plaintiff's claim that the carriage tax was unconstitutional. After review, the Supreme Court decided the Carriage Act was constitutional. In 1803, Marbury v. Madison was the first Supreme Court case where the Court asserted its authority for judicial review to strike down a law as unconstitutional. At the end of his opinion in this decision, Chief Justice John Marshall maintained that the Supreme Court's responsibility to overturn unconstitutional legislation was a necessary consequence of their sworn oath of office to uphold the Constitution as instructed in Article Six of the Constitution. Title: United States nationality law Passage: The United States nationality law is a uniform rule of naturalization of the United States set out in the Immigration and Nationality Act of 1952, enacted under the power of Article I, section 8, clause 4 of the United States Constitution (also referred to as the Nationality Clause), which reads: Congress shall power - ``To establish a uniform Rule of Naturalization... ''The 1952 Act sets forth the legal requirements for the acquisition of, and divestiture from, American nationality. The requirements have become more explicit since the ratification of the Fourteenth Amendment to the Constitution, with the most recent changes to the law having been made by Congress in 2001. Title: Articles of Confederation Passage: As the Confederation Congress attempted to govern the continually growing American states, delegates discovered that the limitations placed upon the central government rendered it ineffective at doing so. As the government's weaknesses became apparent, especially after Shays' Rebellion, individuals began asking for changes to the Articles. Their hope was to create a stronger national government. Initially, some states met to deal with their trade and economic problems. However, as more states became interested in meeting to change the Articles, a meeting was set in Philadelphia on May 25, 1787. This became the Constitutional Convention. It was quickly realized that changes would not work, and instead the entire Articles needed to be replaced. On March 4, 1789, the government under the Articles was replaced with the federal government under the Constitution. The new Constitution provided for a much stronger federal government by establishing a chief executive (the President), courts, and taxing powers. Title: Judiciary Act of 1789 Passage: A clause granting the Supreme Court the power to issue writs of mandamus under its original jurisdiction was declared unconstitutional by Marbury v. Madison, one of the seminal cases in American law. The Supreme Court held that Section 13 of the Judiciary Act was unconstitutional because it purported to enlarge the original jurisdiction of the Supreme Court beyond that permitted by the Constitution. In Marbury, the Supreme Court ruled that Congress can not pass laws that are contrary to the Constitution, and that it is the role of the judicial system to interpret what the Constitution permits. Thus, the Judiciary Act of 1789 was the first act of Congress to be partially invalidated by the Supreme Court.	[ "Article Three of the United States Constitution", "Separation of powers under the United States Constitution" ]
The general strike of 1934 in the city bordering Alameda was initiated by?	longshoremen in every West Coast port	[]	Title: Alameda Civic Ballet Passage: The Alameda Civic Ballet (ACB), founded in 2003 by the Artistic Director, Abra Rudisill, is the official dance company for Alameda, California, USA. It achieved non-profit 501(3) c status as a charitable organization in November 2004. Title: 1934 West Coast waterfront strike Passage: The 1934 West Coast Waterfront Strike (also known as the 1934 West Coast Longshoremen's Strike, as well as a number of variations on these names) lasted eighty - three days, and began on May 9, 1934 when longshoremen in every West Coast port walked out. The strike peaked with ``Bloody Thursday ''and the San Francisco General Strike which stopped all work in the major port city for four days and led ultimately to the settlement of the West Coast Longshoremen's Strike. Title: Lågskär Lighthouse Passage: Lågskär Lighthouse is an automated lighthouse located on the north side of Lågskär, one of Finland's Åland Islands in the Sea of Åland of the Baltic. It is the only striking feature on Lågskär on the generally uninhabited island. Title: United Kingdom driving test Passage: Legislation for compulsory testing was introduced for all new drivers with the Road Traffic Act 1934. The test was initially voluntary to avoid a rush of candidates until 1 June 1935 when all people who had started to drive on or after 1 April 1934 needed to have passed the test. Title: High Street Bridge Passage: The High Street Bridge is a double-leaf bascule drawbridge spanning 296 feet of the Oakland Estuary in the San Francisco Bay Area, California, United States. It links the cities of Oakland and Alameda. The bridge is opened approximately 1,400 times a year. The bridge carries an average of 26,000 vehicles per year. The bridge was built when the Oakland Estuary was trenched, converting Alameda from a peninsula to an island. Title: Carbon County Strike Passage: The Carbon County Strikes took place in Carbon County, Utah from 1903–1904. The strikes primarily consisted of Slavic and Italian immigrant mine workers who partnered with the United Mine Workers of America strikes in Colorado to protest the dangerous working conditions of the Utah coal mines. The Carbon County strikes were considered the most important labor confrontation in the United States at the time. The Utah Fuel Company strongly opposed initiatives to unionize coal workers in Utah and were the primary opposition to the UMWA at the time. The Carbon County Strikes would ultimately fail in its attempt to unionize the coal workers of Utah simply because it "did not have enough support, either internally or externally, to win against a powerful and influential company that effectively played on radical, anti-foreign sentiments in defending its position" but it demonstrated a significant nationwide effort in strengthening unionization in the west. Title: Una district Passage: Una is one of the districts of Himachal Pradesh, India. Una shares its border with the Hoshiarpur district and Rupnagar district of Punjab and Kangra, Hamirpur and Bilaspur district of Himachal Pradesh. The terrain is generally semi-hilly with low hills. Una has been identified as a main industrial hub and has become a transit town for travellers going to the city of Dharamshala or locations within the Himalayas such as Kullu, Manali, Jawalamukhi, and Chintpurni. Title: Currie Cup Passage: Team Number of wins Notes Most recent Western Province 34 Four shared 2017 Northern Transvaal / Blue Bulls 23 Four shared 2009 Transvaal / Gauteng Lions / Golden Lions 11 One shared 2015 Natal / Sharks 7 2013 Orange Free State / Free State Cheetahs 5 One shared 2016 Griqualand West / Griquas 1970 Border / Border Bulldogs Two shared 1934 Title: VFA-303 Passage: VFA-303, nicknamed the "Golden Hawks", was a Strike Fighter Squadron of the U.S. Navy Reserve. It was established as Attack Squadron VA-303 on 1 July 1970 at NAS Alameda, California as part of a reorganization of the reserves intended to increase the combat readiness of the Naval Air Reserve Force. On 1 January 1984, it was redesignated VFA-303 and relocated to NAS Lemoore. It was disestablished on 31 December 1994. Title: Mattos, California Passage: Mattos is an unincorporated community in Alameda County, California. It is located northeast of downtown Newark, at an elevation of 39 feet (12 m). Title: Sueño de una Tarde Dominical en la Alameda Central Passage: Sueño de una tarde dominical en la Alameda Central or Dream of a Sunday Afternoon in the Alameda Central is a mural created by Diego Rivera. It was painted between the years 1946 and 1947, and is the principal work of the Museo Mural Diego Rivera adjacent to the Alameda in the historic center of Mexico City. Title: Clash (novel) Passage: Clash is a 1929 novel by the English socialist politician Ellen Wilkinson. It focuses on the clash between career and personal relationships, against the backdrop of the 1926 general strike. It was Wilkinson's first novel. It was republished by Trent Editions with a new introduction by Ian Haywood and Maroula Joannou in 1998. and is still in print. Ellen Wilkinson, the first woman Labour MP, is best remembered for leading a march of the unemployed from her constituency in Jarrow to London in 1936. Her first novel Clash is set a decade earlier, during the General Strike when Wilkinson was sent as an accredited representative of the TUC to tour the country drumming up support of the strikers. The novel is a work of romantic fiction. It is semi autobiographical and book bears all the hall marks of her first-hand experience of the strike including descriptions of the time she spent with the women in the Yorkshire coal fields during the lock-out of 1926 which followed the strike. Title: Petras Kubiliūnas Passage: Petras Kubiliūnas (May 16, 1894 in Totoriškiai (now Švedukalnis), near Skapiškis – August 22, 1946 in Moscow) was a Lithuanian Lieutenant General and Chief of Lithuanian General staff in 1929–1934. Title: BORTAC Passage: BORTAC is an initialism for the United States "Border Patrol Tactical Unit". BORTAC is the tactical/special response arm of the United States Border Patrol. Title: Izzy Gomez (restaurateur) Passage: Isadore Gomez (died June 21, 1944, in Alameda, California, at the age of 68) was a Portuguese immigrant, chef and restaurateur in the North Beach neighborhood of San Francisco, California. In 1943, he was recognized by "LIFE" magazine as one of San Francisco's most colorful characters. His birthday was celebrated on February 9. Title: Canada on Strike Passage: "Canada on Strike" is the fourth episode in the twelfth season of the American animated television series "South Park". The 171st episode of the series overall, it first aired on Comedy Central in the United States on April 2, 2008. In the episode, the nation of Canada, feeling disrespected by the rest of the world, goes on a general strike, demanding money, spurring the boys to raise money by creating a viral video. Title: Ford Mustang (first generation) Passage: It was initially introduced as a hardtop and convertible with the fastback version put on sale in August 1964. At the time of its introduction, the Mustang, sharing its underpinnings with the Falcon, was slotted into a compact car segment. Title: Seattle Passage: A shipbuilding boom in the early part of the 20th century became massive during World War I, making Seattle somewhat of a company town; the subsequent retrenchment led to the Seattle General Strike of 1919, the first general strike in the country. A 1912 city development plan by Virgil Bogue went largely unused. Seattle was mildly prosperous in the 1920s but was particularly hard hit in the Great Depression, experiencing some of the country's harshest labor strife in that era. Violence during the Maritime Strike of 1934 cost Seattle much of its maritime traffic, which was rerouted to the Port of Los Angeles. Title: Borders of China Passage: China shares international borders with 14 sovereign states. In addition, there is a 30 - km border with the special administrative region of Hong Kong, which was a British dependency before 1997, and a 3 km border with Macau, a Portuguese territory until 1999. With a land border of 22,117 kilometres (13,743 mi) in total it also has the longest land border of any country. Title: San Diego Passage: The city shares a 15-mile (24 km) border with Mexico that includes two border crossings. San Diego hosts the busiest international border crossing in the world, in the San Ysidro neighborhood at the San Ysidro Port of Entry. A second, primarily commercial border crossing operates in the Otay Mesa area; it is the largest commercial crossing on the California-Baja California border and handles the third-highest volume of trucks and dollar value of trade among all United States-Mexico land crossings.	[ "Izzy Gomez (restaurateur)", "1934 West Coast waterfront strike" ]
What band is the performer who released Streetlife Serenade a member of?	Billy Joel Band	[ "the Billy Joel Band" ]	Title: Serenate per 16 bionde Passage: Serenate per 16 bionde ("Serenades for 16 blondes") is a 1957 Italian musical comedy film written and directed by Marino Girolami and starring Claudio Villa. Title: Death & Legacy Passage: Death & Legacy is the third full-length studio album by symphonic metal band Serenity released on February 25, 2011 through Napalm Records. "Death & Legacy" is a concept album based on people and events of the past that had a historical impact, including the Crusades, Galileo, and Marco Polo. The album's three singles are "The Chevalier," "Serenade of Flames," and "When Canvas Starts To Burn." Title: Streetlife Serenade Passage: Streetlife Serenade is the third studio album by American recording artist Billy Joel, released on October 11, 1974 by Columbia Records. The follow-up to his previous album "Piano Man" (1973), it was his last release until 1993's "River of Dreams" to be mostly recorded with session musicians, while Joel himself sang and played piano and other keyboards, although some of his backing musicians, guitarists Don Evans and Al Hertzberg, and banjo/pedal steel guitarist Tom Whitehorse played on the album. Joel also featured synthesizers for the first time, namely the Moog synthesizer. Title: In the Mood Passage: ``In the Mood ''is a popular big band - era # 1 hit recorded by American bandleader Glenn Miller. It topped the charts for 13 straight weeks in 1940 in the U.S. and one year later was featured in the movie Sun Valley Serenade.`` In the Mood'' is based on the composition ``Tar Paper Stomp ''by Wingy Manone. The first recording under the name`` In the Mood'' was released by Edgar Hayes & His Orchestra in 1938 (see ``Origins ''below). Title: Billy Joel Band Passage: The Billy Joel Band is the band that backs singer-songwriter and pianist Billy Joel on both studio and live recordings. The band stabilized around 1975 but underwent several lineup changes in the late 1980s and early 1990s. Joel's touring band as a whole did not begin playing on his records until he recorded the album "Turnstiles" in 1976. This line-up included Richie Cannata on saxophones and organ, Liberty DeVitto on drums, Russell Javors on guitar, and Doug Stegmeyer on bass. Title: Mark Feldstein Passage: Mark Feldstein (May 3, 1937 – October 2001), was an American artist and photographer best known for his large format photography of the streetlife and architecture of New York City. Title: Lake Placid Serenade Passage: Lake Placid Serenade is a 1944 American musical romance film directed by Steve Sekely and starring Vera Ralston, Eugene Pallette and Barbara Jo Allen. Following the German invasion of Czechoslovakia a Czech ice-skating champion goes to stay with her Uncle in the United States. Title: Love Serenade Passage: Love Serenade is a 1996 Australian feature film directed by Shirley Barrett. It is a comedy film which has the tagline: "Two sisters will do anything to hook the right man." Title: The Lion King (musical) Passage: The show opened in the West End's Lyceum Theatre on October 19, 1999, and is still running. The cast of the West End production were invited to perform at the Royal Variety Performance in 1999 and 2008, in the presence of senior members of the British Royal Family. Title: Robert Dauber Passage: Robert Dauber (1922–1945) was a German composer, pianist and cellist. He was a son of the bandleader Dol Dauber. He was imprisoned in Theresienstadt concentration camp, where he participated in the musical life. He performed the cello part in the opera "Brundibár". He died in Dachau. A "Serenade" for violin and piano is his only preserved composition. Title: Longfellow Serenade Passage: "Longfellow Serenade" is the title of a 1974 song by the American singer-songwriter Neil Diamond. It was written by Diamond, produced by Tom Catalano, and included on Diamond's album "Serenade". Title: Soil Stradivarius Passage: The Soil Stradivarius (pronounced ) of 1714 is an antique violin made by Italian luthier Antonio Stradivari of Cremona (1644–1737). A product of Stradivari’s golden period, it is considered one of his finest. "The Soil" was acquired by Yehudi Menuhin in 1950, and in 1986 by Itzhak Perlman who played this instrument while recording the "Cinema Serenade" with the Pittsburgh Symphony Orchestra in 1997. The Soil Stradivarius is currently owned and played by Itzhak Perlman. Title: Classical music Passage: The Classical era, from about 1750 to 1820, established many of the norms of composition, presentation, and style, and was also when the piano became the predominant keyboard instrument. The basic forces required for an orchestra became somewhat standardized (although they would grow as the potential of a wider array of instruments was developed in the following centuries). Chamber music grew to include ensembles with as many as 8 to 10 performers for serenades. Opera continued to develop, with regional styles in Italy, France, and German-speaking lands. The opera buffa, a form of comic opera, rose in popularity. The symphony came into its own as a musical form, and the concerto was developed as a vehicle for displays of virtuoso playing skill. Orchestras no longer required a harpsichord (which had been part of the traditional continuo in the Baroque style), and were often led by the lead violinist (now called the concertmaster). Title: Greece Passage: The Heptanesean kantádhes (καντάδες 'serenades'; sing.: καντάδα) became the forerunners of the Greek modern song, influencing its development to a considerable degree. For the first part of the next century, several Greek composers continued to borrow elements from the Heptanesean style. The most successful songs during the period 1870–1930 were the so-called Athenian serenades, and the songs performed on stage (επιθεωρησιακά τραγούδια 'theatrical revue songs') in revue, operettas and nocturnes that were dominating Athens' theater scene. Title: Serenades of Love Passage: Serenades of Love was Bobby Vinton's twenty-eighth studio album and his fourth for ABC Records. It was released in 1976. Two singles came from the album: "Save Your Kisses for Me" and "Moonlight Serenade". Title: MS Silja Europa Passage: The ferry was already painted in Viking Line's colors and almost ready to be handed over, when the Swedish krona was devalued by 10%, which led Slite into economic difficulties. Slite could not pay for the ship so Meyer Werft kept it and soon managed to charter it to Viking Line's rival, Silja Line. It was put on the Helsinki–Stockholm route, replacing MS "Silja Serenade" which was put to the Turku–Mariehamn–Stockholm route, but "Silja Europa" and "Silja Serenade" changed routes with each other in 1995. Title: Wu-Tang Forever Passage: Wu-Tang Forever is the second studio album of American hip-hop group Wu-Tang Clan, released June 3, 1997, on Loud/RCA Records in the United States. Pressed as a double album, it was released after a long run of successful solo projects from various members of the group, and serves as the follow-up to their debut album "Enter the Wu-Tang (36 Chambers)". "Forever" features several guest appearances from Wu-Tang affiliates Cappadonna, Streetlife, 4th Disciple, True Master, and Tekitha. The original run of compact discs featured an "Enhanced CD" which allowed users to walk around the "Wu Mansion" and access additional content. Title: Václav Smetáček Passage: He studied in Prague among others with Jaroslav Křička, conducting with Metod Doležil and Pavel Dědeček, musicology, aesthetics, and philosophy at Charles University. He was the founder and member of the "Prague Wind Quintet" (1928), with whom he performed, composed and arranged compositions for it. From 1930 to 1933, he was a member of the Czech Philharmonic Orchestra, and from 1934 to 1943, he worked on Czech Radio as conductor and editor. From 1945, he worked as a pedagogue at the Prague Conservatory and Academy of Performing Arts in Prague. Title: The Entertainer (song) Passage: "The Entertainer" is a single by singer Billy Joel released as the only single from his 1974 album "Streetlife Serenade". The song peaked at #34 on the US charts, a Top 40 hit for Joel that year. The song is a cynical and somewhat satirical look at the fleeting fame of a musician and fickle public tastes ("Today I am your champion / I may have won your hearts / But I know the game / You'll forget my name / And I won't be here / in another year / if I don't stay on the charts"); this theme would be examined in the later song "It's Still Rock and Roll to Me". Title: Nikola Kokan Dimuševski Passage: Nikola Dimuševski is a Macedonian musician and keyboard player, a core founding member of the rock group Leb i sol and a solo performer.	[ "The Entertainer (song)", "Billy Joel Band" ]
When was the country's police force established where a stringed agent is to a lion of the country where the person who paid for Chopin's funeral invited Chopin?	1822	[]	Title: Police Passage: Meanwhile, the authorities in Glasgow, Scotland successfully petitioned the government to pass the Glasgow Police Act establishing the City of Glasgow Police in 1800. Other Scottish towns soon followed suit and set up their own police forces through acts of parliament. In Ireland, the Irish Constabulary Act of 1822 marked the beginning of the Royal Irish Constabulary. The Act established a force in each barony with chief constables and inspectors general under the control of the civil administration at Dublin Castle. By 1841 this force numbered over 8,600 men. Title: The Storm (short story) Passage: ``The Storm ''is a short story written by the American writer Kate Chopin in 1898. The story takes place during the 19th century somewhere in the South, where storms are frequent and dangerous. It did not appear in print in Chopin's lifetime, but it was published in The Complete Works of Kate Chopin in 1969. This story is the sequel to Chopin's`` At the 'Cadian Ball''. Title: Frédéric Chopin Passage: Numerous recordings of Chopin's works are available. On the occasion of the composer's bicentenary, the critics of The New York Times recommended performances by the following contemporary pianists (among many others): Martha Argerich, Vladimir Ashkenazy, Emanuel Ax, Evgeny Kissin, Murray Perahia, Maurizio Pollini and Krystian Zimerman. The Warsaw Chopin Society organizes the Grand prix du disque de F. Chopin for notable Chopin recordings, held every five years. Title: Frédéric Chopin Passage: In late summer he was invited by Jane Stirling to visit Scotland, where he stayed at Calder House near Edinburgh and at Johnstone Castle in Renfrewshire, both owned by members of Stirling's family. She clearly had a notion of going beyond mere friendship, and Chopin was obliged to make it clear to her that this could not be so. He wrote at this time to Grzymała "My Scottish ladies are kind, but such bores", and responding to a rumour about his involvement, answered that he was "closer to the grave than the nuptial bed." He gave a public concert in Glasgow on 27 September, and another in Edinburgh, at the Hopetoun Rooms on Queen Street (now Erskine House) on 4 October. In late October 1848, while staying at 10 Warriston Crescent in Edinburgh with the Polish physician Adam Łyszczyński, he wrote out his last will and testament—"a kind of disposition to be made of my stuff in the future, if I should drop dead somewhere", he wrote to Grzymała. Title: Frédéric Chopin Passage: The British Library notes that "Chopin's works have been recorded by all the great pianists of the recording era." The earliest recording was an 1895 performance by Paul Pabst of the Nocturne in E major Op. 62 No. 2. The British Library site makes available a number of historic recordings, including some by Alfred Cortot, Ignaz Friedman, Vladimir Horowitz, Benno Moiseiwitsch, Paderewski, Arthur Rubinstein, Xaver Scharwenka and many others. A select discography of recordings of Chopin works by pianists representing the various pedagogic traditions stemming from Chopin is given by Methuen-Campbell in his work tracing the lineage and character of those traditions. Title: Frédéric Chopin Passage: Chopin's tombstone, featuring the muse of music, Euterpe, weeping over a broken lyre, was designed and sculpted by Clésinger. The expenses of the funeral and monument, amounting to 5,000 francs, were covered by Jane Stirling, who also paid for the return of the composer's sister Ludwika to Warsaw. Ludwika took Chopin's heart in an urn, preserved in alcohol, back to Poland in 1850.[n 9] She also took a collection of two hundred letters from Sand to Chopin; after 1851 these were returned to Sand, who seems to have destroyed them. Title: Frédéric Chopin Passage: With his mazurkas and polonaises, Chopin has been credited with introducing to music a new sense of nationalism. Schumann, in his 1836 review of the piano concertos, highlighted the composer's strong feelings for his native Poland, writing that "Now that the Poles are in deep mourning [after the failure of the November 1830 rising], their appeal to us artists is even stronger ... If the mighty autocrat in the north [i.e. Nicholas I of Russia] could know that in Chopin's works, in the simple strains of his mazurkas, there lurks a dangerous enemy, he would place a ban on his music. Chopin's works are cannon buried in flowers!" The biography of Chopin published in 1863 under the name of Franz Liszt (but probably written by Carolyne zu Sayn-Wittgenstein) claims that Chopin "must be ranked first among the first musicians ... individualizing in themselves the poetic sense of an entire nation." Title: Frédéric Chopin Passage: Chopin's music remains very popular and is regularly performed, recorded and broadcast worldwide. The world's oldest monographic music competition, the International Chopin Piano Competition, founded in 1927, is held every five years in Warsaw. The Fryderyk Chopin Institute of Poland lists on its website over eighty societies world-wide devoted to the composer and his music. The Institute site also lists nearly 1,500 performances of Chopin works on YouTube as of January 2014. Title: Frédéric Chopin Passage: Chopin seldom performed publicly in Paris. In later years he generally gave a single annual concert at the Salle Pleyel, a venue that seated three hundred. He played more frequently at salons, but preferred playing at his own Paris apartment for small groups of friends. The musicologist Arthur Hedley has observed that "As a pianist Chopin was unique in acquiring a reputation of the highest order on the basis of a minimum of public appearances—few more than thirty in the course of his lifetime." The list of musicians who took part in some of his concerts provides an indication of the richness of Parisian artistic life during this period. Examples include a concert on 23 March 1833, in which Chopin, Liszt and Hiller performed (on pianos) a concerto by J.S. Bach for three keyboards; and, on 3 March 1838, a concert in which Chopin, his pupil Adolphe Gutmann, Charles-Valentin Alkan, and Alkan's teacher Joseph Zimmermann performed Alkan's arrangement, for eight hands, of two movements from Beethoven's 7th symphony. Chopin was also involved in the composition of Liszt's Hexameron; he wrote the sixth (and final) variation on Bellini's theme. Chopin's music soon found success with publishers, and in 1833 he contracted with Maurice Schlesinger, who arranged for it to be published not only in France but, through his family connections, also in Germany and England. Title: Monarchy of the United Kingdom Passage: The Royal coat of arms of the United Kingdom are "Quarterly, I and IV Gules three lions passant guardant in pale Or [for England]; II Or a lion rampant within a double tressure flory-counter-flory Gules [for Scotland]; III Azure a harp Or stringed Argent [for Ireland]". The supporters are the Lion and the Unicorn; the motto is "Dieu et mon droit" (French: "God and my Right"). Surrounding the shield is a representation of a Garter bearing the motto of the Chivalric order of the same name; "Honi soit qui mal y pense". (Old French: "Shame be to him who thinks evil of it"). In Scotland, the monarch uses an alternative form of the arms in which quarters I and IV represent Scotland, II England, and III Ireland. The mottoes are "In Defens" (an abbreviated form of the Scots "In My Defens God Me Defend") and the motto of the Order of the Thistle; "Nemo me impune lacessit". (Latin: "No-one provokes me with impunity"); the supporters are the unicorn and lion, who support both the escutcheon and lances, from which fly the flags of Scotland and England. Title: Frédéric Chopin Passage: Some modern commentators have argued against exaggerating Chopin's primacy as a "nationalist" or "patriotic" composer. George Golos refers to earlier "nationalist" composers in Central Europe, including Poland's Michał Kleofas Ogiński and Franciszek Lessel, who utilised polonaise and mazurka forms. Barbara Milewski suggests that Chopin's experience of Polish music came more from "urbanised" Warsaw versions than from folk music, and that attempts (by Jachimecki and others) to demonstrate genuine folk music in his works are without basis. Richard Taruskin impugns Schumann's attitude toward Chopin's works as patronizing and comments that Chopin "felt his Polish patriotism deeply and sincerely" but consciously modelled his works on the tradition of Bach, Beethoven, Schubert and Field. Title: Frédéric Chopin Passage: Polish composers of the following generation included virtuosi such as Moritz Moszkowski, but, in the opinion of J. Barrie Jones, his "one worthy successor" among his compatriots was Karol Szymanowski (1882–1937). Edvard Grieg, Antonín Dvořák, Isaac Albéniz, Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky and Sergei Rachmaninoff, among others, are regarded by critics as having been influenced by Chopin's use of national modes and idioms. Alexander Scriabin was devoted to the music of Chopin, and his early published works include nineteen mazurkas, as well as numerous études and preludes; his teacher Nikolai Zverev drilled him in Chopin's works to improve his virtuosity as a performer. In the 20th century, composers who paid homage to (or in some cases parodied) the music of Chopin included George Crumb, Bohuslav Martinů, Darius Milhaud, Igor Stravinsky and Heitor Villa-Lobos. Title: Frédéric Chopin Passage: Chopin also endowed popular dance forms with a greater range of melody and expression. Chopin's mazurkas, while originating in the traditional Polish dance (the mazurek), differed from the traditional variety in that they were written for the concert hall rather than the dance hall; "it was Chopin who put the mazurka on the European musical map." The series of seven polonaises published in his lifetime (another nine were published posthumously), beginning with the Op. 26 pair (published 1836), set a new standard for music in the form. His waltzes were also written specifically for the salon recital rather than the ballroom and are frequently at rather faster tempos than their dance-floor equivalents. Title: Frédéric Chopin Passage: Two Polish friends in Paris were also to play important roles in Chopin's life there. His fellow student at the Warsaw Conservatory, Julian Fontana, had originally tried unsuccessfully to establish himself in England; Albert Grzymała, who in Paris became a wealthy financier and society figure, often acted as Chopin's adviser and "gradually began to fill the role of elder brother in [his] life." Fontana was to become, in the words of Michałowski and Samson, Chopin's "general factotum and copyist". Title: Frédéric Chopin Passage: At the funeral of the tenor Adolphe Nourrit in Paris in 1839, Chopin made a rare appearance at the organ, playing a transcription of Franz Schubert's lied Die Gestirne. On 26 July 1840 Chopin and Sand were present at the dress rehearsal of Berlioz's Grande symphonie funèbre et triomphale, composed to commemorate the tenth anniversary of the July Revolution. Chopin was reportedly unimpressed with the composition. Title: Frédéric Chopin Passage: In 1827, soon after the death of Chopin's youngest sister Emilia, the family moved from the Warsaw University building, adjacent to the Kazimierz Palace, to lodgings just across the street from the university, in the south annex of the Krasiński Palace on Krakowskie Przedmieście,[n 5] where Chopin lived until he left Warsaw in 1830.[n 6] Here his parents continued running their boarding house for male students; the Chopin Family Parlour (Salonik Chopinów) became a museum in the 20th century. In 1829 the artist Ambroży Mieroszewski executed a set of portraits of Chopin family members, including the first known portrait of the composer.[n 7] Title: Frédéric Chopin Passage: Two of Chopin's long-standing pupils, Karol Mikuli (1821–1897) and Georges Mathias, were themselves piano teachers and passed on details of his playing to their own students, some of whom (such as Raoul Koczalski) were to make recordings of his music. Other pianists and composers influenced by Chopin's style include Louis Moreau Gottschalk, Édouard Wolff (1816–1880) and Pierre Zimmermann. Debussy dedicated his own 1915 piano Études to the memory of Chopin; he frequently played Chopin's music during his studies at the Paris Conservatoire, and undertook the editing of Chopin's piano music for the publisher Jacques Durand. Title: Frédéric Chopin Passage: Mozart's Requiem was sung at the funeral; the soloists were the soprano Jeanne-Anais Castellan, the mezzo-soprano Pauline Viardot, the tenor Alexis Dupont, and the bass Luigi Lablache; Chopin's Preludes No. 4 in E minor and No. 6 in B minor were also played. The organist at the funeral was Louis Lefébure-Wély. The funeral procession to Père Lachaise Cemetery, which included Chopin's sister Ludwika, was led by the aged Prince Adam Czartoryski. The pallbearers included Delacroix, Franchomme, and Camille Pleyel. At the graveside, the Funeral March from Chopin's Piano Sonata No. 2 was played, in Reber's instrumentation. Title: Frédéric Chopin Passage: Chopin's relations with Sand were soured in 1846 by problems involving her daughter Solange and Solange's fiancé, the young fortune-hunting sculptor Auguste Clésinger. The composer frequently took Solange's side in quarrels with her mother; he also faced jealousy from Sand's son Maurice. Chopin was utterly indifferent to Sand's radical political pursuits, while Sand looked on his society friends with disdain. As the composer's illness progressed, Sand had become less of a lover and more of a nurse to Chopin, whom she called her "third child". In letters to third parties, she vented her impatience, referring to him as a "child," a "little angel", a "sufferer" and a "beloved little corpse." In 1847 Sand published her novel Lucrezia Floriani, whose main characters—a rich actress and a prince in weak health—could be interpreted as Sand and Chopin; the story was uncomplimentary to Chopin, who could not have missed the allusions as he helped Sand correct the printer's galleys. In 1847 he did not visit Nohant, and he quietly ended their ten-year relationship following an angry correspondence which, in Sand's words, made "a strange conclusion to nine years of exclusive friendship." The two would never meet again. Title: Frédéric Chopin Passage: Jones comments that "Chopin's unique position as a composer, despite the fact that virtually everything he wrote was for the piano, has rarely been questioned." He also notes that Chopin was fortunate to arrive in Paris in 1831—"the artistic environment, the publishers who were willing to print his music, the wealthy and aristocratic who paid what Chopin asked for their lessons"—and these factors, as well as his musical genius, also fuelled his contemporary and later reputation. While his illness and his love-affairs conform to some of the stereotypes of romanticism, the rarity of his public recitals (as opposed to performances at fashionable Paris soirées) led Arthur Hutchings to suggest that "his lack of Byronic flamboyance [and] his aristocratic reclusiveness make him exceptional" among his romantic contemporaries, such as Liszt and Henri Herz.	[ "Police", "Monarchy of the United Kingdom", "Frédéric Chopin" ]
In what district is the village of Qaleh Now-e Khaleseh found, in the city where Mehdi Lavasani was born?	Qaleh Now Rural District	[]	Title: Mehdi El Glaoui Passage: Mehdi El Mezouari El Glaoui (born 26 May 1956), also known as Mehdi El Glaoui, is a French actor, director and screenwriter. He is the son of actress Cécile Aubry and Si Brahim El Glaoui, caïd (local administrator) of Telouet and grandson of T'hami El Glaoui, pasha of Marrakech. Title: Qeshlaq-e Qaleh Now-e Amlak Passage: Qeshlaq-e Qaleh Now-e Amlak (, also Romanized as Qeshlāq-e Qal‘eh Now-e Amlāk; also known as Qeshlāq-e Qal‘eh Now and Qeshlāq Qal‘eh) is a village in Ferunabad Rural District, in the Central District of Pakdasht County, Tehran Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 407, in 89 families. Title: Biysky District Passage: Biysky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-nine in Altai Krai, Russia. It is located in the east of the krai and borders with Zonalny, Tselinny, Soltonsky, Krasnogorsky, Sovetsky, and Smolensky Districts, as well as with the territory of the City of Biysk. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Biysk (which is not administratively a part of the district). District's population: Title: Khabarovsky District Passage: Khabarovsky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the seventeen in Khabarovsk Krai, Russia. It consists of two unconnected segments separated by the territory of Amursky District, which are located in the southwest of the krai. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Khabarovsk (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population: Title: Biblioteca Ayacucho Passage: The Biblioteca Ayacucho ("Ayacucho Library") is an editorial entity of the government of Venezuela, founded on September 10, 1974. It is managed by the "Fundación Biblioteca Ayacucho". Its name, "Ayacucho", comes from the intention to honor the definitive and crucial Battle of Ayacucho that took place December 9, 1824 between Spain and the territories of the Americas, prior to the full independence of the continent. Title: British Togoland Passage: British Togoland, officially the Mandate Territory of Togoland and later officially the Trust Territory of Togoland, was a territory in West Africa, under the administration of the United Kingdom. It was effectively formed in 1916 by the splitting of the German protectorate of Togoland into two territories, French Togoland and British Togoland, during the First World War. Initially, it was a League of Nations Class B mandate. In 1922, British Togoland was formally placed under British rule while French Togoland, now Togo, was placed under French rule. Title: Kushk-e Khaleseh-ye Bala Passage: Kushk-e Khaleseh-ye Bala (, also Romanized as Kūshk-e Khāleşeh-ye Bālā and Kūshk-e Khāleseh Bālā; also known as Kūshk-e Bālā) is a village in Lajran Rural District, in the Central District of Garmsar County, Semnan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 692, in 200 families. Title: Birth house of Anton Chekhov Passage: The Birth house of Anton Chekhov is the place in Taganrog, Russia, where the famous writer Anton Chekhov was born. It is now a writer's house museum. The outbuilding on the territory of a property on Chekhov Street (formerly Kupecheskaya Street, later Alexandrovskaya Street, and renamed in honor of Chekhov in 1904, soon after his death) in Taganrog was built in 1859 of wattle and daub, plastered and whitened. The area taken up by the small outbuilding is 30.5 sq. meters. The house and grounds were owned by the merchant Gnutov in 1860, and by the petit bourgeois Kovalenko in 1880-1915. Title: Eastern Bengal and Assam Passage: Eastern Bengal and Assam was an administrative subdivision (province) of the British Raj between 1905 and 1912. Headquartered in the city of Dacca, it covered territories in what are now Bangladesh, Northeast India and Northern West Bengal. Title: Qaleh Khach Passage: Qaleh Khach (, also Romanized as Qal‘eh Khāch; also known as Qalameh Khāch and Qalameh Qāch) is a village in Avajiq-e Jonubi Rural District, Dashtaki District, Chaldoran County, West Azerbaijan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 229, in 40 families. Title: Baranya County (former) Passage: Baranya (, , / "Baranja", ) was an administrative county (comitatus) of the Kingdom of Hungary. Its territory is now in southern Hungary (the present county Baranya) and northeastern Croatia (part of the Osijek-Baranja county). The capital of the county was Pécs. Title: Territory of Papua Passage: In 1949, the Territory and the Territory of New Guinea were established in an administrative union by the name of the Territory of Papua and New Guinea. That administrative union was renamed as Papua New Guinea in 1971. Notwithstanding that it was part of an administrative union, the Territory of Papua at all times retained a distinct legal status and identity; it was a Possession of the Crown whereas the Territory of New Guinea was initially a League of Nations mandate territory and subsequently a United Nations trust territory. This important legal and political distinction remained until the advent of the Independent State of Papua New Guinea in 1975. Title: Qaleh Ganj County Passage: Qaleh Ganj County () is a county in Kerman Province in Iran. The capital of the county is Qaleh Ganj. It was separated from Kahnuj County in 2005. At the 2006 census, the county's population was 69,008, in 14,649 families. The county is subdivided into two districts (bakhsh): the Central District (محمد آباد) and Chah Dadkhoda District. The county has one city: Qaleh Ganj. Title: Qaleh-ye Ali Hoseyn Seljuki Passage: Qaleh-ye Ali Hoseyn Seljuki (, also Romanized as Qal‘eh-ye ‘Alī Ḩoseyn Seljūqī; also known as Qal‘eh-ye ‘Alī Ḩoseyn) is a village in Dasht-e Zarrin Rural District, in the Central District of Kuhrang County, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 111, in 18 families. Title: Cherokee City, Arkansas Passage: Cherokee City is an unincorporated census-designated place in Benton County, Arkansas, United States. As of the 2010 census, its population is 72. It is the location of (or is the nearest community to) Coon Creek Bridge, which is located on Cty Rd. 24 and is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The community was named for the Cherokee Indians, since the Trail of Tears crossed the landscape when the Cherokee migrated west to Indian territory, now Oklahoma in the late 1830s. The town is about 5 miles east of Oklahoma and 4 miles south of the Missouri state line. Title: Qaleh Now-e Khaleseh, Tehran Passage: Qaleh Now-e Khaleseh (, also Romanized as Qal‘eh Now-e Khāleṣeh; also known as Qal‘eh Now, Qal‘eh Now-e Ghār, and Qal‘eh-ye Nowghār) is a village in Qaleh Now Rural District, Qaleh Now District, Ray County, Tehran Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 4,718, in 1,195 families. The village is the seat of Qaleh Now District, established on 16 September 2012 and Qaleh Now Rural District. Title: Bogotá Passage: Bogotá (/ ˈboʊɡətɑː /, / ˌbɒɡəˈtɑː /, / ˌboʊ - /; Spanish pronunciation: (boɣoˈta) (listen)), officially Bogotá, Distrito Capital, abbreviated Bogotá, D.C., and formerly known as Santafé de Bogotá between 1991 and 2000, is the capital and largest city of Colombia, administered as the Capital District, although often thought of as part of Cundinamarca. Bogotá is a territorial entity of the first order, with the same administrative status as the departments of Colombia. It is the political, economic, administrative, industrial, artistic, cultural, and sports center of the country. Title: Mehdi Lavasani Passage: Mehdi Lari Lavasani (, born 11 July 1947 in Tehran) is a retired Iranian defender who played for Iran national football team in 1972 Summer Olympics and 1969 RCD Cup. He was formerly playing for Taj Tehran and Iran national football team. Title: Null Island Passage: Null Island is a fictional island in the Gulf of Guinea added to the Natural Earth public domain map dataset, located where the equator crosses the prime meridian, at coordinates 0 ° N 0 ° E / 0 ° N 0 ° E / 0; 0. Natural Earth describes the entity as a ``1 meter square island ''with`` scale rank 100, indicating it should never be shown in mapping.'' The name 'Null' refers to the two 0 co-ordinates, both of which are sometimes known as null in mathematics. Title: Cheshmeh Barqi Passage: Cheshmeh Barqi (, also Romanized as Cheshmeh Barqī; also known as ‘Alīābād-e Cheshmeh Barqī) is a village in Qaleh-ye Mozaffari Rural District, in the Central District of Selseleh County, Lorestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 92, in 19 families.	[ "Mehdi Lavasani", "Qaleh Now-e Khaleseh, Tehran" ]

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