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stringclasses 490
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stringlengths 15
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stringlengths 1
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1.98k
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570c0778ec8fbc190045bc20
|
FC_Barcelona
|
On 14 June 1925, in a spontaneous reaction against Primo de Rivera's dictatorship, the crowd in the stadium jeered the Royal March. As a reprisal, the ground was closed for six months and Gamper was forced to relinquish the presidency of the club. This coincided with the transition to professional football, and, in 1926, the directors of Barcelona publicly claimed, for the first time, to operate a professional football club. On 3 July 1927, the club held a second testimonial match for Paulino Alcántara, against the Spanish national team. To kick off the match, local journalist and pilot Josep Canudas dropped the ball onto the pitch from his airplane. In 1928, victory in the Spanish Cup was celebrated with a poem titled "Oda a Platko", which was written by a member of the Generation of '27, Rafael Alberti, inspired by the heroic performance of the Barcelona goalkeeper, Franz Platko. On 23 June 1929, Barcelona won the inaugural Spanish League. A year after winning the championship, on 30 July 1930, Gamper committed suicide after a period of depression brought on by personal and financial problems.
|
What year did Barcelona claim to be a professional football club?
|
{
"text": [
"1926"
],
"answer_start": [
317
]
}
|
1926
|
titled "FC Barcelona"
|
Article titled "FC Barcelona"
Question: What year did Barcelona claim to be a professional football club?
Answer:
|
1926
|
570c0778ec8fbc190045bc21
|
FC_Barcelona
|
On 14 June 1925, in a spontaneous reaction against Primo de Rivera's dictatorship, the crowd in the stadium jeered the Royal March. As a reprisal, the ground was closed for six months and Gamper was forced to relinquish the presidency of the club. This coincided with the transition to professional football, and, in 1926, the directors of Barcelona publicly claimed, for the first time, to operate a professional football club. On 3 July 1927, the club held a second testimonial match for Paulino Alcántara, against the Spanish national team. To kick off the match, local journalist and pilot Josep Canudas dropped the ball onto the pitch from his airplane. In 1928, victory in the Spanish Cup was celebrated with a poem titled "Oda a Platko", which was written by a member of the Generation of '27, Rafael Alberti, inspired by the heroic performance of the Barcelona goalkeeper, Franz Platko. On 23 June 1929, Barcelona won the inaugural Spanish League. A year after winning the championship, on 30 July 1930, Gamper committed suicide after a period of depression brought on by personal and financial problems.
|
When did Barcelona win the Spanish League?
|
{
"text": [
"23 June 1929"
],
"answer_start": [
898
]
}
|
23 June 1929
|
titled "FC Barcelona"
|
Article titled "FC Barcelona"
Question: When did Barcelona win the Spanish League?
Answer:
|
23 June 1929
|
570c0778ec8fbc190045bc22
|
FC_Barcelona
|
On 14 June 1925, in a spontaneous reaction against Primo de Rivera's dictatorship, the crowd in the stadium jeered the Royal March. As a reprisal, the ground was closed for six months and Gamper was forced to relinquish the presidency of the club. This coincided with the transition to professional football, and, in 1926, the directors of Barcelona publicly claimed, for the first time, to operate a professional football club. On 3 July 1927, the club held a second testimonial match for Paulino Alcántara, against the Spanish national team. To kick off the match, local journalist and pilot Josep Canudas dropped the ball onto the pitch from his airplane. In 1928, victory in the Spanish Cup was celebrated with a poem titled "Oda a Platko", which was written by a member of the Generation of '27, Rafael Alberti, inspired by the heroic performance of the Barcelona goalkeeper, Franz Platko. On 23 June 1929, Barcelona won the inaugural Spanish League. A year after winning the championship, on 30 July 1930, Gamper committed suicide after a period of depression brought on by personal and financial problems.
|
What past president of the Barcelona club committed suicide in 1930?
|
{
"text": [
"Gamper"
],
"answer_start": [
1012
]
}
|
Gamper
|
titled "FC Barcelona"
|
Article titled "FC Barcelona"
Question: What past president of the Barcelona club committed suicide in 1930?
Answer:
|
Gamper
|
570a7fd06d058f1900182ec4
|
Everton_F.C.
|
The Tower has been inextricably linked with the Everton area since its construction in 1787. It was originally used as a bridewell to incarcerate mainly drunks and minor criminals, and it still stands today on Everton Brow in Netherfield Road. The tower was accompanied by two laurel wreaths on either side and, according to the College of Arms in London, Kelly chose to include the laurels as they were the sign of winners. The crest was accompanied by the club motto, "Nil Satis Nisi Optimum", meaning "Nothing but the best is good enough".
|
When was the Tower constructed?
|
{
"text": [
"1787"
],
"answer_start": [
87
]
}
|
1787
|
titled "Everton F.C."
|
Article titled "Everton F.C."
Question: When was the Tower constructed?
Answer:
|
1787
|
570a7fd06d058f1900182ec5
|
Everton_F.C.
|
The Tower has been inextricably linked with the Everton area since its construction in 1787. It was originally used as a bridewell to incarcerate mainly drunks and minor criminals, and it still stands today on Everton Brow in Netherfield Road. The tower was accompanied by two laurel wreaths on either side and, according to the College of Arms in London, Kelly chose to include the laurels as they were the sign of winners. The crest was accompanied by the club motto, "Nil Satis Nisi Optimum", meaning "Nothing but the best is good enough".
|
For what purpose was the Tower first used?
|
{
"text": [
"bridewell"
],
"answer_start": [
121
]
}
|
bridewell
|
titled "Everton F.C."
|
Article titled "Everton F.C."
Question: For what purpose was the Tower first used?
Answer:
|
bridewell
|
570a7fd06d058f1900182ec6
|
Everton_F.C.
|
The Tower has been inextricably linked with the Everton area since its construction in 1787. It was originally used as a bridewell to incarcerate mainly drunks and minor criminals, and it still stands today on Everton Brow in Netherfield Road. The tower was accompanied by two laurel wreaths on either side and, according to the College of Arms in London, Kelly chose to include the laurels as they were the sign of winners. The crest was accompanied by the club motto, "Nil Satis Nisi Optimum", meaning "Nothing but the best is good enough".
|
On what road is the Tower located on?
|
{
"text": [
"Netherfield"
],
"answer_start": [
226
]
}
|
Netherfield
|
titled "Everton F.C."
|
Article titled "Everton F.C."
Question: On what road is the Tower located on?
Answer:
|
Netherfield
|
570a7fd06d058f1900182ec7
|
Everton_F.C.
|
The Tower has been inextricably linked with the Everton area since its construction in 1787. It was originally used as a bridewell to incarcerate mainly drunks and minor criminals, and it still stands today on Everton Brow in Netherfield Road. The tower was accompanied by two laurel wreaths on either side and, according to the College of Arms in London, Kelly chose to include the laurels as they were the sign of winners. The crest was accompanied by the club motto, "Nil Satis Nisi Optimum", meaning "Nothing but the best is good enough".
|
What is the Everton club motto?
|
{
"text": [
"Nil Satis Nisi Optimum"
],
"answer_start": [
471
]
}
|
Nil Satis Nisi Optimum
|
titled "Everton F.C."
|
Article titled "Everton F.C."
Question: What is the Everton club motto?
Answer:
|
Nil Satis Nisi Optimum
|
570a7fd06d058f1900182ec8
|
Everton_F.C.
|
The Tower has been inextricably linked with the Everton area since its construction in 1787. It was originally used as a bridewell to incarcerate mainly drunks and minor criminals, and it still stands today on Everton Brow in Netherfield Road. The tower was accompanied by two laurel wreaths on either side and, according to the College of Arms in London, Kelly chose to include the laurels as they were the sign of winners. The crest was accompanied by the club motto, "Nil Satis Nisi Optimum", meaning "Nothing but the best is good enough".
|
What does the Everton club motto, "Nil Satis Nisi Optimum," mean in English?
|
{
"text": [
"Nothing but the best is good enough"
],
"answer_start": [
505
]
}
|
Nothing but the best is good enough
|
titled "Everton F.C."
|
Article titled "Everton F.C."
Question: What does the Everton club motto, "Nil Satis Nisi Optimum," mean in English?
Answer:
|
Nothing but the best is good enough
|
570a82934103511400d597c6
|
Old_English
|
The four main dialectal forms of Old English were Mercian, Northumbrian, Kentish, and West Saxon. Mercian and Northumbrian are together referred to as Anglian. In terms of geography the Northumbrian region lay north of the Humber River; the Mercian lay north of the Thames and South of the Humber River; West Saxon lay south and southwest of the Thames; and the smallest, Kentish region lay southeast of the Thames, a small corner of England. The Kentish region, settled by the Jutes from Jutland, has the scantiest literary remains.
|
Along with West Saxon, Northumbrian and Mercian, what was one of the four main dialects of Old English?
|
{
"text": [
"Kentish"
],
"answer_start": [
73
]
}
|
Kentish
|
titled "Old English"
|
Article titled "Old English"
Question: Along with West Saxon, Northumbrian and Mercian, what was one of the four main dialects of Old English?
Answer:
|
Kentish
|
570a82934103511400d597c7
|
Old_English
|
The four main dialectal forms of Old English were Mercian, Northumbrian, Kentish, and West Saxon. Mercian and Northumbrian are together referred to as Anglian. In terms of geography the Northumbrian region lay north of the Humber River; the Mercian lay north of the Thames and South of the Humber River; West Saxon lay south and southwest of the Thames; and the smallest, Kentish region lay southeast of the Thames, a small corner of England. The Kentish region, settled by the Jutes from Jutland, has the scantiest literary remains.
|
What is a term that collectively refers to Northumbrian and Mercian?
|
{
"text": [
"Anglian"
],
"answer_start": [
151
]
}
|
Anglian
|
titled "Old English"
|
Article titled "Old English"
Question: What is a term that collectively refers to Northumbrian and Mercian?
Answer:
|
Anglian
|
570a82934103511400d597c8
|
Old_English
|
The four main dialectal forms of Old English were Mercian, Northumbrian, Kentish, and West Saxon. Mercian and Northumbrian are together referred to as Anglian. In terms of geography the Northumbrian region lay north of the Humber River; the Mercian lay north of the Thames and South of the Humber River; West Saxon lay south and southwest of the Thames; and the smallest, Kentish region lay southeast of the Thames, a small corner of England. The Kentish region, settled by the Jutes from Jutland, has the scantiest literary remains.
|
Geographically, what river was Northumbria north of?
|
{
"text": [
"Humber"
],
"answer_start": [
223
]
}
|
Humber
|
titled "Old English"
|
Article titled "Old English"
Question: Geographically, what river was Northumbria north of?
Answer:
|
Humber
|
570a82934103511400d597c9
|
Old_English
|
The four main dialectal forms of Old English were Mercian, Northumbrian, Kentish, and West Saxon. Mercian and Northumbrian are together referred to as Anglian. In terms of geography the Northumbrian region lay north of the Humber River; the Mercian lay north of the Thames and South of the Humber River; West Saxon lay south and southwest of the Thames; and the smallest, Kentish region lay southeast of the Thames, a small corner of England. The Kentish region, settled by the Jutes from Jutland, has the scantiest literary remains.
|
What river was the Mercian region south of?
|
{
"text": [
"Humber"
],
"answer_start": [
290
]
}
|
Humber
|
titled "Old English"
|
Article titled "Old English"
Question: What river was the Mercian region south of?
Answer:
|
Humber
|
570a82934103511400d597ca
|
Old_English
|
The four main dialectal forms of Old English were Mercian, Northumbrian, Kentish, and West Saxon. Mercian and Northumbrian are together referred to as Anglian. In terms of geography the Northumbrian region lay north of the Humber River; the Mercian lay north of the Thames and South of the Humber River; West Saxon lay south and southwest of the Thames; and the smallest, Kentish region lay southeast of the Thames, a small corner of England. The Kentish region, settled by the Jutes from Jutland, has the scantiest literary remains.
|
Which of the Old English dialects covered the smallest geograhical region?
|
{
"text": [
"Kentish"
],
"answer_start": [
372
]
}
|
Kentish
|
titled "Old English"
|
Article titled "Old English"
Question: Which of the Old English dialects covered the smallest geograhical region?
Answer:
|
Kentish
|
570a9dde6d058f1900182ffe
|
Aircraft_carrier
|
This new-found importance of naval aviation forced nations to create a number of carriers, in efforts to provide air superiority cover for every major fleet in order to ward off enemy aircraft. This extensive usage required the construction of several new 'light' carriers. Escort aircraft carriers, such as USS Bogue, were sometimes purpose-built, but most were converted from merchant ships as a stop-gap measure to provide anti-submarine air support for convoys and amphibious invasions. Following this concept, light aircraft carriers built by the US, such as USS Independence, represented a larger, more "militarized" version of the escort carrier. Although with similar complement to Escort carriers, they had the advantage of speed from their converted cruiser hulls. The UK 1942 Design Light Fleet Carrier was designed for building quickly by civilian shipyards and with an expected service life of about 3 years. They served the Royal Navy during the war and was the hull design chosen for nearly all aircraft carrier equipped navies after the war until the 1980s. Emergencies also spurred the creation or conversion of highly unconventional aircraft carriers. CAM ships, were cargo-carrying merchant ships that could launch (but not retrieve) a single fighter aircraft from a catapult to defend the convoy from long range German aircraft.
|
What type of aircraft carrier was the USS Bogue?
|
{
"text": [
"Escort"
],
"answer_start": [
274
]
}
|
Escort
|
titled "Aircraft carrier"
|
Article titled "Aircraft carrier"
Question: What type of aircraft carrier was the USS Bogue?
Answer:
|
Escort
|
570a9dde6d058f1900182fff
|
Aircraft_carrier
|
This new-found importance of naval aviation forced nations to create a number of carriers, in efforts to provide air superiority cover for every major fleet in order to ward off enemy aircraft. This extensive usage required the construction of several new 'light' carriers. Escort aircraft carriers, such as USS Bogue, were sometimes purpose-built, but most were converted from merchant ships as a stop-gap measure to provide anti-submarine air support for convoys and amphibious invasions. Following this concept, light aircraft carriers built by the US, such as USS Independence, represented a larger, more "militarized" version of the escort carrier. Although with similar complement to Escort carriers, they had the advantage of speed from their converted cruiser hulls. The UK 1942 Design Light Fleet Carrier was designed for building quickly by civilian shipyards and with an expected service life of about 3 years. They served the Royal Navy during the war and was the hull design chosen for nearly all aircraft carrier equipped navies after the war until the 1980s. Emergencies also spurred the creation or conversion of highly unconventional aircraft carriers. CAM ships, were cargo-carrying merchant ships that could launch (but not retrieve) a single fighter aircraft from a catapult to defend the convoy from long range German aircraft.
|
What type of aircraft was the USS Independence?
|
{
"text": [
"light"
],
"answer_start": [
515
]
}
|
light
|
titled "Aircraft carrier"
|
Article titled "Aircraft carrier"
Question: What type of aircraft was the USS Independence?
Answer:
|
light
|
570a9dde6d058f1900183000
|
Aircraft_carrier
|
This new-found importance of naval aviation forced nations to create a number of carriers, in efforts to provide air superiority cover for every major fleet in order to ward off enemy aircraft. This extensive usage required the construction of several new 'light' carriers. Escort aircraft carriers, such as USS Bogue, were sometimes purpose-built, but most were converted from merchant ships as a stop-gap measure to provide anti-submarine air support for convoys and amphibious invasions. Following this concept, light aircraft carriers built by the US, such as USS Independence, represented a larger, more "militarized" version of the escort carrier. Although with similar complement to Escort carriers, they had the advantage of speed from their converted cruiser hulls. The UK 1942 Design Light Fleet Carrier was designed for building quickly by civilian shipyards and with an expected service life of about 3 years. They served the Royal Navy during the war and was the hull design chosen for nearly all aircraft carrier equipped navies after the war until the 1980s. Emergencies also spurred the creation or conversion of highly unconventional aircraft carriers. CAM ships, were cargo-carrying merchant ships that could launch (but not retrieve) a single fighter aircraft from a catapult to defend the convoy from long range German aircraft.
|
What advantage did light carriers have over escort carriers?
|
{
"text": [
"speed"
],
"answer_start": [
733
]
}
|
speed
|
titled "Aircraft carrier"
|
Article titled "Aircraft carrier"
Question: What advantage did light carriers have over escort carriers?
Answer:
|
speed
|
570a9dde6d058f1900183001
|
Aircraft_carrier
|
This new-found importance of naval aviation forced nations to create a number of carriers, in efforts to provide air superiority cover for every major fleet in order to ward off enemy aircraft. This extensive usage required the construction of several new 'light' carriers. Escort aircraft carriers, such as USS Bogue, were sometimes purpose-built, but most were converted from merchant ships as a stop-gap measure to provide anti-submarine air support for convoys and amphibious invasions. Following this concept, light aircraft carriers built by the US, such as USS Independence, represented a larger, more "militarized" version of the escort carrier. Although with similar complement to Escort carriers, they had the advantage of speed from their converted cruiser hulls. The UK 1942 Design Light Fleet Carrier was designed for building quickly by civilian shipyards and with an expected service life of about 3 years. They served the Royal Navy during the war and was the hull design chosen for nearly all aircraft carrier equipped navies after the war until the 1980s. Emergencies also spurred the creation or conversion of highly unconventional aircraft carriers. CAM ships, were cargo-carrying merchant ships that could launch (but not retrieve) a single fighter aircraft from a catapult to defend the convoy from long range German aircraft.
|
What was the expected serice life of the UK 1942 Design Light Fleet Carrier?
|
{
"text": [
"3 years"
],
"answer_start": [
913
]
}
|
3 years
|
titled "Aircraft carrier"
|
Article titled "Aircraft carrier"
Question: What was the expected serice life of the UK 1942 Design Light Fleet Carrier?
Answer:
|
3 years
|
570a9dde6d058f1900183002
|
Aircraft_carrier
|
This new-found importance of naval aviation forced nations to create a number of carriers, in efforts to provide air superiority cover for every major fleet in order to ward off enemy aircraft. This extensive usage required the construction of several new 'light' carriers. Escort aircraft carriers, such as USS Bogue, were sometimes purpose-built, but most were converted from merchant ships as a stop-gap measure to provide anti-submarine air support for convoys and amphibious invasions. Following this concept, light aircraft carriers built by the US, such as USS Independence, represented a larger, more "militarized" version of the escort carrier. Although with similar complement to Escort carriers, they had the advantage of speed from their converted cruiser hulls. The UK 1942 Design Light Fleet Carrier was designed for building quickly by civilian shipyards and with an expected service life of about 3 years. They served the Royal Navy during the war and was the hull design chosen for nearly all aircraft carrier equipped navies after the war until the 1980s. Emergencies also spurred the creation or conversion of highly unconventional aircraft carriers. CAM ships, were cargo-carrying merchant ships that could launch (but not retrieve) a single fighter aircraft from a catapult to defend the convoy from long range German aircraft.
|
Who did the UK 1941 Design Light Fleet Carriers serve during the war?
|
{
"text": [
"Royal Navy"
],
"answer_start": [
938
]
}
|
Royal Navy
|
titled "Aircraft carrier"
|
Article titled "Aircraft carrier"
Question: Who did the UK 1941 Design Light Fleet Carriers serve during the war?
Answer:
|
Royal Navy
|
570aa92c4103511400d598d4
|
Federal_Aviation_Administration
|
On July 22, 2008, in the aftermath of the Southwest Airlines inspection scandal, a bill was unanimously approved in the House to tighten regulations concerning airplane maintenance procedures, including the establishment of a whistleblower office and a two-year "cooling off" period that FAA inspectors or supervisors of inspectors must wait before they can work for those they regulated. The bill also required rotation of principal maintenance inspectors and stipulated that the word "customer" properly applies to the flying public, not those entities regulated by the FAA. The bill died in a Senate committee that year.
|
When did the aftermath of the Southwest Airlines inspection scandal happen?
|
{
"text": [
"July 22, 2008"
],
"answer_start": [
3
]
}
|
July 22, 2008
|
titled "Federal Aviation Administration"
|
Article titled "Federal Aviation Administration"
Question: When did the aftermath of the Southwest Airlines inspection scandal happen?
Answer:
|
July 22, 2008
|
570aa92c4103511400d598d5
|
Federal_Aviation_Administration
|
On July 22, 2008, in the aftermath of the Southwest Airlines inspection scandal, a bill was unanimously approved in the House to tighten regulations concerning airplane maintenance procedures, including the establishment of a whistleblower office and a two-year "cooling off" period that FAA inspectors or supervisors of inspectors must wait before they can work for those they regulated. The bill also required rotation of principal maintenance inspectors and stipulated that the word "customer" properly applies to the flying public, not those entities regulated by the FAA. The bill died in a Senate committee that year.
|
who approved a mesaure to tigheten regulations concerning airplane maintenance prodecures?
|
{
"text": [
"House"
],
"answer_start": [
120
]
}
|
House
|
titled "Federal Aviation Administration"
|
Article titled "Federal Aviation Administration"
Question: who approved a mesaure to tigheten regulations concerning airplane maintenance prodecures?
Answer:
|
House
|
570aa92c4103511400d598d6
|
Federal_Aviation_Administration
|
On July 22, 2008, in the aftermath of the Southwest Airlines inspection scandal, a bill was unanimously approved in the House to tighten regulations concerning airplane maintenance procedures, including the establishment of a whistleblower office and a two-year "cooling off" period that FAA inspectors or supervisors of inspectors must wait before they can work for those they regulated. The bill also required rotation of principal maintenance inspectors and stipulated that the word "customer" properly applies to the flying public, not those entities regulated by the FAA. The bill died in a Senate committee that year.
|
What does the word 'customer' properly apply to?
|
{
"text": [
"the flying public"
],
"answer_start": [
517
]
}
|
the flying public
|
titled "Federal Aviation Administration"
|
Article titled "Federal Aviation Administration"
Question: What does the word 'customer' properly apply to?
Answer:
|
the flying public
|
570aa92c4103511400d598d7
|
Federal_Aviation_Administration
|
On July 22, 2008, in the aftermath of the Southwest Airlines inspection scandal, a bill was unanimously approved in the House to tighten regulations concerning airplane maintenance procedures, including the establishment of a whistleblower office and a two-year "cooling off" period that FAA inspectors or supervisors of inspectors must wait before they can work for those they regulated. The bill also required rotation of principal maintenance inspectors and stipulated that the word "customer" properly applies to the flying public, not those entities regulated by the FAA. The bill died in a Senate committee that year.
|
how long was the "cooling off" period that the FAA inspectors or supervisers of inspectors must wait before they can work for those they regulate?
|
{
"text": [
"two-year"
],
"answer_start": [
253
]
}
|
two-year
|
titled "Federal Aviation Administration"
|
Article titled "Federal Aviation Administration"
Question: how long was the "cooling off" period that the FAA inspectors or supervisers of inspectors must wait before they can work for those they regulate?
Answer:
|
two-year
|
570ac1574103511400d59982
|
Lancashire
|
The Duchy of Lancaster is one of two royal duchies in England. It has landholdings throughout the region and elsewhere, operating as a property company, but also exercising the right of the Crown in the County Palatine of Lancaster. While the administrative boundaries changed in the 1970s, the county palatine boundaries remain the same as the historic boundaries. As a result, the High Sheriffs for Lancashire, Greater Manchester and Merseyside are appointed "within the Duchy and County Palatine of Lancaster".
|
When did the administrative boundaries for the Duchy of Lancaster change?
|
{
"text": [
"1970s"
],
"answer_start": [
284
]
}
|
1970s
|
titled "Lancashire"
|
Article titled "Lancashire"
Question: When did the administrative boundaries for the Duchy of Lancaster change?
Answer:
|
1970s
|
570ac1574103511400d59983
|
Lancashire
|
The Duchy of Lancaster is one of two royal duchies in England. It has landholdings throughout the region and elsewhere, operating as a property company, but also exercising the right of the Crown in the County Palatine of Lancaster. While the administrative boundaries changed in the 1970s, the county palatine boundaries remain the same as the historic boundaries. As a result, the High Sheriffs for Lancashire, Greater Manchester and Merseyside are appointed "within the Duchy and County Palatine of Lancaster".
|
What is the Duchy of Lancaster?
|
{
"text": [
"one of two royal duchies in England"
],
"answer_start": [
26
]
}
|
one of two royal duchies in England
|
titled "Lancashire"
|
Article titled "Lancashire"
Question: What is the Duchy of Lancaster?
Answer:
|
one of two royal duchies in England
|
570ac1574103511400d59984
|
Lancashire
|
The Duchy of Lancaster is one of two royal duchies in England. It has landholdings throughout the region and elsewhere, operating as a property company, but also exercising the right of the Crown in the County Palatine of Lancaster. While the administrative boundaries changed in the 1970s, the county palatine boundaries remain the same as the historic boundaries. As a result, the High Sheriffs for Lancashire, Greater Manchester and Merseyside are appointed "within the Duchy and County Palatine of Lancaster".
|
What does the Duchy of Lancaster operate as?
|
{
"text": [
"a property company"
],
"answer_start": [
133
]
}
|
a property company
|
titled "Lancashire"
|
Article titled "Lancashire"
Question: What does the Duchy of Lancaster operate as?
Answer:
|
a property company
|
570ac1574103511400d59985
|
Lancashire
|
The Duchy of Lancaster is one of two royal duchies in England. It has landholdings throughout the region and elsewhere, operating as a property company, but also exercising the right of the Crown in the County Palatine of Lancaster. While the administrative boundaries changed in the 1970s, the county palatine boundaries remain the same as the historic boundaries. As a result, the High Sheriffs for Lancashire, Greater Manchester and Merseyside are appointed "within the Duchy and County Palatine of Lancaster".
|
Who are appointed within the Duchy and County Palatine of Lancater?
|
{
"text": [
"High Sheriffs"
],
"answer_start": [
383
]
}
|
High Sheriffs
|
titled "Lancashire"
|
Article titled "Lancashire"
Question: Who are appointed within the Duchy and County Palatine of Lancater?
Answer:
|
High Sheriffs
|
570ac1574103511400d59986
|
Lancashire
|
The Duchy of Lancaster is one of two royal duchies in England. It has landholdings throughout the region and elsewhere, operating as a property company, but also exercising the right of the Crown in the County Palatine of Lancaster. While the administrative boundaries changed in the 1970s, the county palatine boundaries remain the same as the historic boundaries. As a result, the High Sheriffs for Lancashire, Greater Manchester and Merseyside are appointed "within the Duchy and County Palatine of Lancaster".
|
Who exercises the right of the Crown in the County Palatine of Lancaster?
|
{
"text": [
"The Duchy of Lancaster"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
}
|
The Duchy of Lancaster
|
titled "Lancashire"
|
Article titled "Lancashire"
Question: Who exercises the right of the Crown in the County Palatine of Lancaster?
Answer:
|
The Duchy of Lancaster
|
570ac6156d058f19001830dc
|
Mesozoic
|
The climatic changes of the late Jurassic and Cretaceous provided for further adaptive radiation. The Jurassic was the height of archosaur diversity, and the first birds and eutherian mammals also appeared. Angiosperms radiated sometime in the early Cretaceous, first in the tropics, but the even temperature gradient allowed them to spread toward the poles throughout the period. By the end of the Cretaceous, angiosperms dominated tree floras in many areas, although some evidence suggests that biomass was still dominated by cycad and ferns until after the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction.
|
What event produced further adaptations during the Jurassic and Cretaceous periods?
|
{
"text": [
"climatic changes"
],
"answer_start": [
4
]
}
|
climatic changes
|
titled "Mesozoic"
|
Article titled "Mesozoic"
Question: What event produced further adaptations during the Jurassic and Cretaceous periods?
Answer:
|
climatic changes
|
570ac6156d058f19001830dd
|
Mesozoic
|
The climatic changes of the late Jurassic and Cretaceous provided for further adaptive radiation. The Jurassic was the height of archosaur diversity, and the first birds and eutherian mammals also appeared. Angiosperms radiated sometime in the early Cretaceous, first in the tropics, but the even temperature gradient allowed them to spread toward the poles throughout the period. By the end of the Cretaceous, angiosperms dominated tree floras in many areas, although some evidence suggests that biomass was still dominated by cycad and ferns until after the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction.
|
When was the top of archosaur diversity?
|
{
"text": [
"Jurassic"
],
"answer_start": [
102
]
}
|
Jurassic
|
titled "Mesozoic"
|
Article titled "Mesozoic"
Question: When was the top of archosaur diversity?
Answer:
|
Jurassic
|
570ac6156d058f19001830de
|
Mesozoic
|
The climatic changes of the late Jurassic and Cretaceous provided for further adaptive radiation. The Jurassic was the height of archosaur diversity, and the first birds and eutherian mammals also appeared. Angiosperms radiated sometime in the early Cretaceous, first in the tropics, but the even temperature gradient allowed them to spread toward the poles throughout the period. By the end of the Cretaceous, angiosperms dominated tree floras in many areas, although some evidence suggests that biomass was still dominated by cycad and ferns until after the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction.
|
What species spread towards the poles during the Jurassic?
|
{
"text": [
"Angiosperms"
],
"answer_start": [
207
]
}
|
Angiosperms
|
titled "Mesozoic"
|
Article titled "Mesozoic"
Question: What species spread towards the poles during the Jurassic?
Answer:
|
Angiosperms
|
570ac6156d058f19001830df
|
Mesozoic
|
The climatic changes of the late Jurassic and Cretaceous provided for further adaptive radiation. The Jurassic was the height of archosaur diversity, and the first birds and eutherian mammals also appeared. Angiosperms radiated sometime in the early Cretaceous, first in the tropics, but the even temperature gradient allowed them to spread toward the poles throughout the period. By the end of the Cretaceous, angiosperms dominated tree floras in many areas, although some evidence suggests that biomass was still dominated by cycad and ferns until after the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction.
|
What species dominated many tree floras by the end of the Cretaceous period?
|
{
"text": [
"angiosperms"
],
"answer_start": [
411
]
}
|
angiosperms
|
titled "Mesozoic"
|
Article titled "Mesozoic"
Question: What species dominated many tree floras by the end of the Cretaceous period?
Answer:
|
angiosperms
|
570ac6156d058f19001830e0
|
Mesozoic
|
The climatic changes of the late Jurassic and Cretaceous provided for further adaptive radiation. The Jurassic was the height of archosaur diversity, and the first birds and eutherian mammals also appeared. Angiosperms radiated sometime in the early Cretaceous, first in the tropics, but the even temperature gradient allowed them to spread toward the poles throughout the period. By the end of the Cretaceous, angiosperms dominated tree floras in many areas, although some evidence suggests that biomass was still dominated by cycad and ferns until after the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction.
|
What types of species are thought to still have been dominate until after the extinction?
|
{
"text": [
"cycad and ferns"
],
"answer_start": [
528
]
}
|
cycad and ferns
|
titled "Mesozoic"
|
Article titled "Mesozoic"
Question: What types of species are thought to still have been dominate until after the extinction?
Answer:
|
cycad and ferns
|
570aedcfec8fbc190045b77e
|
Videoconferencing
|
The MC controls the conferencing while it is active on the signaling plane, which is simply where the system manages conferencing creation, endpoint signaling and in-conferencing controls. This component negotiates parameters with every endpoint in the network and controls conferencing resources. While the MC controls resources and signaling negotiations, the MP operates on the media plane and receives media from each endpoint. The MP generates output streams from each endpoint and redirects the information to other endpoints in the conference.
|
What controls the conferencing while its active on the signaling plane?
|
{
"text": [
"The MC"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
}
|
The MC
|
titled "Videoconferencing"
|
Article titled "Videoconferencing"
Question: What controls the conferencing while its active on the signaling plane?
Answer:
|
The MC
|
570aedcfec8fbc190045b780
|
Videoconferencing
|
The MC controls the conferencing while it is active on the signaling plane, which is simply where the system manages conferencing creation, endpoint signaling and in-conferencing controls. This component negotiates parameters with every endpoint in the network and controls conferencing resources. While the MC controls resources and signaling negotiations, the MP operates on the media plane and receives media from each endpoint. The MP generates output streams from each endpoint and redirects the information to other endpoints in the conference.
|
What is one example of what the signaling plane controls in a videoconferencing system?
|
{
"text": [
"endpoint signaling"
],
"answer_start": [
140
]
}
|
endpoint signaling
|
titled "Videoconferencing"
|
Article titled "Videoconferencing"
Question: What is one example of what the signaling plane controls in a videoconferencing system?
Answer:
|
endpoint signaling
|
570aedcfec8fbc190045b77f
|
Videoconferencing
|
The MC controls the conferencing while it is active on the signaling plane, which is simply where the system manages conferencing creation, endpoint signaling and in-conferencing controls. This component negotiates parameters with every endpoint in the network and controls conferencing resources. While the MC controls resources and signaling negotiations, the MP operates on the media plane and receives media from each endpoint. The MP generates output streams from each endpoint and redirects the information to other endpoints in the conference.
|
Where does the videoconferencing system manage conferencing creation?
|
{
"text": [
"the signaling plane"
],
"answer_start": [
55
]
}
|
the signaling plane
|
titled "Videoconferencing"
|
Article titled "Videoconferencing"
Question: Where does the videoconferencing system manage conferencing creation?
Answer:
|
the signaling plane
|
570aedcfec8fbc190045b781
|
Videoconferencing
|
The MC controls the conferencing while it is active on the signaling plane, which is simply where the system manages conferencing creation, endpoint signaling and in-conferencing controls. This component negotiates parameters with every endpoint in the network and controls conferencing resources. While the MC controls resources and signaling negotiations, the MP operates on the media plane and receives media from each endpoint. The MP generates output streams from each endpoint and redirects the information to other endpoints in the conference.
|
On what plane does the MC operate?
|
{
"text": [
"the media plane"
],
"answer_start": [
377
]
}
|
the media plane
|
titled "Videoconferencing"
|
Article titled "Videoconferencing"
Question: On what plane does the MC operate?
Answer:
|
the media plane
|
570aedcfec8fbc190045b782
|
Videoconferencing
|
The MC controls the conferencing while it is active on the signaling plane, which is simply where the system manages conferencing creation, endpoint signaling and in-conferencing controls. This component negotiates parameters with every endpoint in the network and controls conferencing resources. While the MC controls resources and signaling negotiations, the MP operates on the media plane and receives media from each endpoint. The MP generates output streams from each endpoint and redirects the information to other endpoints in the conference.
|
What generates output streams from each endpoint?
|
{
"text": [
"The MP"
],
"answer_start": [
432
]
}
|
The MP
|
titled "Videoconferencing"
|
Article titled "Videoconferencing"
Question: What generates output streams from each endpoint?
Answer:
|
The MP
|
570af7f4ec8fbc190045b792
|
Gregorian_calendar
|
The Gregorian calendar was a reform of the Julian calendar instituted in 1582 by Pope Gregory XIII, after whom the calendar was named, by papal bull Inter gravissimas dated 24 February 1582. The motivation for the adjustment was to bring the date for the celebration of Easter to the time of year in which it was celebrated when it was introduced by the early Church. Although a recommendation of the First Council of Nicaea in 325 specified that all Christians should celebrate Easter on the same day, it took almost five centuries before virtually all Christians achieved that objective by adopting the rules of the Church of Alexandria (see Easter for the issues which arose).
|
Who revised the Julian calendar?
|
{
"text": [
"Pope Gregory XIII"
],
"answer_start": [
81
]
}
|
Pope Gregory XIII
|
titled "Gregorian calendar"
|
Article titled "Gregorian calendar"
Question: Who revised the Julian calendar?
Answer:
|
Pope Gregory XIII
|
570af7f4ec8fbc190045b793
|
Gregorian_calendar
|
The Gregorian calendar was a reform of the Julian calendar instituted in 1582 by Pope Gregory XIII, after whom the calendar was named, by papal bull Inter gravissimas dated 24 February 1582. The motivation for the adjustment was to bring the date for the celebration of Easter to the time of year in which it was celebrated when it was introduced by the early Church. Although a recommendation of the First Council of Nicaea in 325 specified that all Christians should celebrate Easter on the same day, it took almost five centuries before virtually all Christians achieved that objective by adopting the rules of the Church of Alexandria (see Easter for the issues which arose).
|
When was the Gregorian Calendar introduced?
|
{
"text": [
"1582"
],
"answer_start": [
73
]
}
|
1582
|
titled "Gregorian calendar"
|
Article titled "Gregorian calendar"
Question: When was the Gregorian Calendar introduced?
Answer:
|
1582
|
570af7f4ec8fbc190045b794
|
Gregorian_calendar
|
The Gregorian calendar was a reform of the Julian calendar instituted in 1582 by Pope Gregory XIII, after whom the calendar was named, by papal bull Inter gravissimas dated 24 February 1582. The motivation for the adjustment was to bring the date for the celebration of Easter to the time of year in which it was celebrated when it was introduced by the early Church. Although a recommendation of the First Council of Nicaea in 325 specified that all Christians should celebrate Easter on the same day, it took almost five centuries before virtually all Christians achieved that objective by adopting the rules of the Church of Alexandria (see Easter for the issues which arose).
|
What calendar was used in the reform to create the Gregorian calendar?
|
{
"text": [
"Julian calendar"
],
"answer_start": [
43
]
}
|
Julian calendar
|
titled "Gregorian calendar"
|
Article titled "Gregorian calendar"
Question: What calendar was used in the reform to create the Gregorian calendar?
Answer:
|
Julian calendar
|
570af7f4ec8fbc190045b795
|
Gregorian_calendar
|
The Gregorian calendar was a reform of the Julian calendar instituted in 1582 by Pope Gregory XIII, after whom the calendar was named, by papal bull Inter gravissimas dated 24 February 1582. The motivation for the adjustment was to bring the date for the celebration of Easter to the time of year in which it was celebrated when it was introduced by the early Church. Although a recommendation of the First Council of Nicaea in 325 specified that all Christians should celebrate Easter on the same day, it took almost five centuries before virtually all Christians achieved that objective by adopting the rules of the Church of Alexandria (see Easter for the issues which arose).
|
What holiday was the inducement to revise the Julian calendar?
|
{
"text": [
"Easter"
],
"answer_start": [
270
]
}
|
Easter
|
titled "Gregorian calendar"
|
Article titled "Gregorian calendar"
Question: What holiday was the inducement to revise the Julian calendar?
Answer:
|
Easter
|
570af7f4ec8fbc190045b796
|
Gregorian_calendar
|
The Gregorian calendar was a reform of the Julian calendar instituted in 1582 by Pope Gregory XIII, after whom the calendar was named, by papal bull Inter gravissimas dated 24 February 1582. The motivation for the adjustment was to bring the date for the celebration of Easter to the time of year in which it was celebrated when it was introduced by the early Church. Although a recommendation of the First Council of Nicaea in 325 specified that all Christians should celebrate Easter on the same day, it took almost five centuries before virtually all Christians achieved that objective by adopting the rules of the Church of Alexandria (see Easter for the issues which arose).
|
When did the First Council of Nicaea rule that Easter be celebrated by all Christians?
|
{
"text": [
"on the same day"
],
"answer_start": [
486
]
}
|
on the same day
|
titled "Gregorian calendar"
|
Article titled "Gregorian calendar"
Question: When did the First Council of Nicaea rule that Easter be celebrated by all Christians?
Answer:
|
on the same day
|
570b1e376b8089140040f728
|
Xbox_360
|
At launch, the Xbox 360 was available in two configurations: the "Xbox 360" package (unofficially known as the 20 GB Pro or Premium), priced at US$399 or GB£279.99, and the "Xbox 360 Core", priced at US$299 and GB£209.99. The original shipment of the Xbox 360 version included a cut-down version of the Media Remote as a promotion. The Elite package was launched later at US$479. The "Xbox 360 Core" was replaced by the "Xbox 360 Arcade" in October 2007 and a 60 GB version of the Xbox 360 Pro was released on August 1, 2008. The Pro package was discontinued and marked down to US$249 on August 28, 2009 to be sold until stock ran out, while the Elite was also marked down in price to US$299.
|
The Xbox 360 Pro included what size hard drive storage?
|
{
"text": [
"20 GB"
],
"answer_start": [
111
]
}
|
20 GB
|
titled "Xbox 360"
|
Article titled "Xbox 360"
Question: The Xbox 360 Pro included what size hard drive storage?
Answer:
|
20 GB
|
570b1e376b8089140040f729
|
Xbox_360
|
At launch, the Xbox 360 was available in two configurations: the "Xbox 360" package (unofficially known as the 20 GB Pro or Premium), priced at US$399 or GB£279.99, and the "Xbox 360 Core", priced at US$299 and GB£209.99. The original shipment of the Xbox 360 version included a cut-down version of the Media Remote as a promotion. The Elite package was launched later at US$479. The "Xbox 360 Core" was replaced by the "Xbox 360 Arcade" in October 2007 and a 60 GB version of the Xbox 360 Pro was released on August 1, 2008. The Pro package was discontinued and marked down to US$249 on August 28, 2009 to be sold until stock ran out, while the Elite was also marked down in price to US$299.
|
What was the official name of the lower-priced 360 SKU at launch?
|
{
"text": [
"Xbox 360 Core"
],
"answer_start": [
174
]
}
|
Xbox 360 Core
|
titled "Xbox 360"
|
Article titled "Xbox 360"
Question: What was the official name of the lower-priced 360 SKU at launch?
Answer:
|
Xbox 360 Core
|
570b1e376b8089140040f72a
|
Xbox_360
|
At launch, the Xbox 360 was available in two configurations: the "Xbox 360" package (unofficially known as the 20 GB Pro or Premium), priced at US$399 or GB£279.99, and the "Xbox 360 Core", priced at US$299 and GB£209.99. The original shipment of the Xbox 360 version included a cut-down version of the Media Remote as a promotion. The Elite package was launched later at US$479. The "Xbox 360 Core" was replaced by the "Xbox 360 Arcade" in October 2007 and a 60 GB version of the Xbox 360 Pro was released on August 1, 2008. The Pro package was discontinued and marked down to US$249 on August 28, 2009 to be sold until stock ran out, while the Elite was also marked down in price to US$299.
|
The Xbox 360 Elite eventually launched at what price point?
|
{
"text": [
"US$479"
],
"answer_start": [
372
]
}
|
US$479
|
titled "Xbox 360"
|
Article titled "Xbox 360"
Question: The Xbox 360 Elite eventually launched at what price point?
Answer:
|
US$479
|
570b1e376b8089140040f72b
|
Xbox_360
|
At launch, the Xbox 360 was available in two configurations: the "Xbox 360" package (unofficially known as the 20 GB Pro or Premium), priced at US$399 or GB£279.99, and the "Xbox 360 Core", priced at US$299 and GB£209.99. The original shipment of the Xbox 360 version included a cut-down version of the Media Remote as a promotion. The Elite package was launched later at US$479. The "Xbox 360 Core" was replaced by the "Xbox 360 Arcade" in October 2007 and a 60 GB version of the Xbox 360 Pro was released on August 1, 2008. The Pro package was discontinued and marked down to US$249 on August 28, 2009 to be sold until stock ran out, while the Elite was also marked down in price to US$299.
|
The 360 Pro's original storage was replaced by a hard drive of what size in 2008?
|
{
"text": [
"60 GB"
],
"answer_start": [
460
]
}
|
60 GB
|
titled "Xbox 360"
|
Article titled "Xbox 360"
Question: The 360 Pro's original storage was replaced by a hard drive of what size in 2008?
Answer:
|
60 GB
|
570b1e376b8089140040f72c
|
Xbox_360
|
At launch, the Xbox 360 was available in two configurations: the "Xbox 360" package (unofficially known as the 20 GB Pro or Premium), priced at US$399 or GB£279.99, and the "Xbox 360 Core", priced at US$299 and GB£209.99. The original shipment of the Xbox 360 version included a cut-down version of the Media Remote as a promotion. The Elite package was launched later at US$479. The "Xbox 360 Core" was replaced by the "Xbox 360 Arcade" in October 2007 and a 60 GB version of the Xbox 360 Pro was released on August 1, 2008. The Pro package was discontinued and marked down to US$249 on August 28, 2009 to be sold until stock ran out, while the Elite was also marked down in price to US$299.
|
What did Microsoft name the SKU that replaced the 360 Core?
|
{
"text": [
"Xbox 360 Arcade"
],
"answer_start": [
421
]
}
|
Xbox 360 Arcade
|
titled "Xbox 360"
|
Article titled "Xbox 360"
Question: What did Microsoft name the SKU that replaced the 360 Core?
Answer:
|
Xbox 360 Arcade
|
570b3980ec8fbc190045b8e8
|
Military_history_of_the_United_States
|
By far the largest military action in which the United States engaged during this era was the War of 1812. With Britain locked in a major war with Napoleon's France, its policy was to block American shipments to France. The United States sought to remain neutral while pursuing overseas trade. Britain cut the trade and impressed seamen on American ships into the Royal Navy, despite intense protests. Britain supported an Indian insurrection in the American Midwest, with the goal of creating an Indian state there that would block American expansion. The United States finally declared war on the United Kingdom in 1812, the first time the U.S. had officially declared war. Not hopeful of defeating the Royal Navy, the U.S. attacked the British Empire by invading British Canada, hoping to use captured territory as a bargaining chip. The invasion of Canada was a debacle, though concurrent wars with Native Americans on the western front (Tecumseh's War and the Creek War) were more successful. After defeating Napoleon in 1814, Britain sent large veteran armies to invade New York, raid Washington and capture the key control of the Mississippi River at New Orleans. The New York invasion was a fiasco after the much larger British army retreated to Canada. The raiders succeeded in the burning of Washington on 25 August 1814, but were repulsed in their Chesapeake Bay Campaign at the Battle of Baltimore and the British commander killed. The major invasion in Louisiana was stopped by a one-sided military battle that killed the top three British generals and thousands of soldiers. The winners were the commanding general of the Battle of New Orleans, Major General Andrew Jackson, who became president and the Americans who basked in a victory over a much more powerful nation. The peace treaty proved successful, and the U.S. and Britain never again went to war. The losers were the Indians, who never gained the independent territory in the Midwest promised by Britain.
|
What was the biggest war the US got involved with in the early 19th century?
|
{
"text": [
"the War of 1812"
],
"answer_start": [
90
]
}
|
the War of 1812
|
titled "Military history of the United States"
|
Article titled "Military history of the United States"
Question: What was the biggest war the US got involved with in the early 19th century?
Answer:
|
the War of 1812
|
570b3980ec8fbc190045b8e9
|
Military_history_of_the_United_States
|
By far the largest military action in which the United States engaged during this era was the War of 1812. With Britain locked in a major war with Napoleon's France, its policy was to block American shipments to France. The United States sought to remain neutral while pursuing overseas trade. Britain cut the trade and impressed seamen on American ships into the Royal Navy, despite intense protests. Britain supported an Indian insurrection in the American Midwest, with the goal of creating an Indian state there that would block American expansion. The United States finally declared war on the United Kingdom in 1812, the first time the U.S. had officially declared war. Not hopeful of defeating the Royal Navy, the U.S. attacked the British Empire by invading British Canada, hoping to use captured territory as a bargaining chip. The invasion of Canada was a debacle, though concurrent wars with Native Americans on the western front (Tecumseh's War and the Creek War) were more successful. After defeating Napoleon in 1814, Britain sent large veteran armies to invade New York, raid Washington and capture the key control of the Mississippi River at New Orleans. The New York invasion was a fiasco after the much larger British army retreated to Canada. The raiders succeeded in the burning of Washington on 25 August 1814, but were repulsed in their Chesapeake Bay Campaign at the Battle of Baltimore and the British commander killed. The major invasion in Louisiana was stopped by a one-sided military battle that killed the top three British generals and thousands of soldiers. The winners were the commanding general of the Battle of New Orleans, Major General Andrew Jackson, who became president and the Americans who basked in a victory over a much more powerful nation. The peace treaty proved successful, and the U.S. and Britain never again went to war. The losers were the Indians, who never gained the independent territory in the Midwest promised by Britain.
|
What conflict caused Britain to blockade trade?
|
{
"text": [
"a major war with Napoleon's France"
],
"answer_start": [
130
]
}
|
a major war with Napoleon's France
|
titled "Military history of the United States"
|
Article titled "Military history of the United States"
Question: What conflict caused Britain to blockade trade?
Answer:
|
a major war with Napoleon's France
|
570b3980ec8fbc190045b8ea
|
Military_history_of_the_United_States
|
By far the largest military action in which the United States engaged during this era was the War of 1812. With Britain locked in a major war with Napoleon's France, its policy was to block American shipments to France. The United States sought to remain neutral while pursuing overseas trade. Britain cut the trade and impressed seamen on American ships into the Royal Navy, despite intense protests. Britain supported an Indian insurrection in the American Midwest, with the goal of creating an Indian state there that would block American expansion. The United States finally declared war on the United Kingdom in 1812, the first time the U.S. had officially declared war. Not hopeful of defeating the Royal Navy, the U.S. attacked the British Empire by invading British Canada, hoping to use captured territory as a bargaining chip. The invasion of Canada was a debacle, though concurrent wars with Native Americans on the western front (Tecumseh's War and the Creek War) were more successful. After defeating Napoleon in 1814, Britain sent large veteran armies to invade New York, raid Washington and capture the key control of the Mississippi River at New Orleans. The New York invasion was a fiasco after the much larger British army retreated to Canada. The raiders succeeded in the burning of Washington on 25 August 1814, but were repulsed in their Chesapeake Bay Campaign at the Battle of Baltimore and the British commander killed. The major invasion in Louisiana was stopped by a one-sided military battle that killed the top three British generals and thousands of soldiers. The winners were the commanding general of the Battle of New Orleans, Major General Andrew Jackson, who became president and the Americans who basked in a victory over a much more powerful nation. The peace treaty proved successful, and the U.S. and Britain never again went to war. The losers were the Indians, who never gained the independent territory in the Midwest promised by Britain.
|
What uprising did Britain support in North America?
|
{
"text": [
"Indian insurrection"
],
"answer_start": [
423
]
}
|
Indian insurrection
|
titled "Military history of the United States"
|
Article titled "Military history of the United States"
Question: What uprising did Britain support in North America?
Answer:
|
Indian insurrection
|
570b3980ec8fbc190045b8eb
|
Military_history_of_the_United_States
|
By far the largest military action in which the United States engaged during this era was the War of 1812. With Britain locked in a major war with Napoleon's France, its policy was to block American shipments to France. The United States sought to remain neutral while pursuing overseas trade. Britain cut the trade and impressed seamen on American ships into the Royal Navy, despite intense protests. Britain supported an Indian insurrection in the American Midwest, with the goal of creating an Indian state there that would block American expansion. The United States finally declared war on the United Kingdom in 1812, the first time the U.S. had officially declared war. Not hopeful of defeating the Royal Navy, the U.S. attacked the British Empire by invading British Canada, hoping to use captured territory as a bargaining chip. The invasion of Canada was a debacle, though concurrent wars with Native Americans on the western front (Tecumseh's War and the Creek War) were more successful. After defeating Napoleon in 1814, Britain sent large veteran armies to invade New York, raid Washington and capture the key control of the Mississippi River at New Orleans. The New York invasion was a fiasco after the much larger British army retreated to Canada. The raiders succeeded in the burning of Washington on 25 August 1814, but were repulsed in their Chesapeake Bay Campaign at the Battle of Baltimore and the British commander killed. The major invasion in Louisiana was stopped by a one-sided military battle that killed the top three British generals and thousands of soldiers. The winners were the commanding general of the Battle of New Orleans, Major General Andrew Jackson, who became president and the Americans who basked in a victory over a much more powerful nation. The peace treaty proved successful, and the U.S. and Britain never again went to war. The losers were the Indians, who never gained the independent territory in the Midwest promised by Britain.
|
What country was the first the US ever declared war upon?
|
{
"text": [
"the United Kingdom"
],
"answer_start": [
595
]
}
|
the United Kingdom
|
titled "Military history of the United States"
|
Article titled "Military history of the United States"
Question: What country was the first the US ever declared war upon?
Answer:
|
the United Kingdom
|
570b3980ec8fbc190045b8ec
|
Military_history_of_the_United_States
|
By far the largest military action in which the United States engaged during this era was the War of 1812. With Britain locked in a major war with Napoleon's France, its policy was to block American shipments to France. The United States sought to remain neutral while pursuing overseas trade. Britain cut the trade and impressed seamen on American ships into the Royal Navy, despite intense protests. Britain supported an Indian insurrection in the American Midwest, with the goal of creating an Indian state there that would block American expansion. The United States finally declared war on the United Kingdom in 1812, the first time the U.S. had officially declared war. Not hopeful of defeating the Royal Navy, the U.S. attacked the British Empire by invading British Canada, hoping to use captured territory as a bargaining chip. The invasion of Canada was a debacle, though concurrent wars with Native Americans on the western front (Tecumseh's War and the Creek War) were more successful. After defeating Napoleon in 1814, Britain sent large veteran armies to invade New York, raid Washington and capture the key control of the Mississippi River at New Orleans. The New York invasion was a fiasco after the much larger British army retreated to Canada. The raiders succeeded in the burning of Washington on 25 August 1814, but were repulsed in their Chesapeake Bay Campaign at the Battle of Baltimore and the British commander killed. The major invasion in Louisiana was stopped by a one-sided military battle that killed the top three British generals and thousands of soldiers. The winners were the commanding general of the Battle of New Orleans, Major General Andrew Jackson, who became president and the Americans who basked in a victory over a much more powerful nation. The peace treaty proved successful, and the U.S. and Britain never again went to war. The losers were the Indians, who never gained the independent territory in the Midwest promised by Britain.
|
What was the initial US strategy in the War of 1812?
|
{
"text": [
"invading British Canada, hoping to use captured territory as a bargaining chip"
],
"answer_start": [
757
]
}
|
invading British Canada, hoping to use captured territory as a bargaining chip
|
titled "Military history of the United States"
|
Article titled "Military history of the United States"
Question: What was the initial US strategy in the War of 1812?
Answer:
|
invading British Canada, hoping to use captured territory as a bargaining chip
|
570b609e6b8089140040f8ea
|
Hard_rock
|
From outside the United Kingdom and the United States, the Canadian trio Rush released three distinctively hard rock albums in 1974–75 (Rush, Fly by Night and Caress of Steel) before moving toward a more progressive sound with the 1976 album 2112. The Irish band Thin Lizzy, which had formed in the late 1960s, made their most substantial commercial breakthrough in 1976 with the hard rock album Jailbreak and their worldwide hit "The Boys Are Back in Town", which reached number 8 in the UK and number 12 in the US. Their style, consisting of two duelling guitarists often playing leads in harmony, proved itself to be a large influence on later bands. They reached their commercial, and arguably their artistic peak with Black Rose: A Rock Legend (1979). The arrival of Scorpions from Germany marked the geographical expansion of the subgenre. Australian-formed AC/DC, with a stripped back, riff heavy and abrasive style that also appealed to the punk generation, began to gain international attention from 1976, culminating in the release of their multi-platinum albums Let There Be Rock (1977) and Highway to Hell (1979). Also influenced by a punk ethos were heavy metal bands like Motörhead, while Judas Priest abandoned the remaining elements of the blues in their music, further differentiating the hard rock and heavy metal styles and helping to create the New Wave of British Heavy Metal which was pursued by bands like Iron Maiden, Saxon and Venom.
|
The band Rush is what nationality?
|
{
"text": [
"Canadian"
],
"answer_start": [
59
]
}
|
Canadian
|
titled "Hard rock"
|
Article titled "Hard rock"
Question: The band Rush is what nationality?
Answer:
|
Canadian
|
570b609e6b8089140040f8eb
|
Hard_rock
|
From outside the United Kingdom and the United States, the Canadian trio Rush released three distinctively hard rock albums in 1974–75 (Rush, Fly by Night and Caress of Steel) before moving toward a more progressive sound with the 1976 album 2112. The Irish band Thin Lizzy, which had formed in the late 1960s, made their most substantial commercial breakthrough in 1976 with the hard rock album Jailbreak and their worldwide hit "The Boys Are Back in Town", which reached number 8 in the UK and number 12 in the US. Their style, consisting of two duelling guitarists often playing leads in harmony, proved itself to be a large influence on later bands. They reached their commercial, and arguably their artistic peak with Black Rose: A Rock Legend (1979). The arrival of Scorpions from Germany marked the geographical expansion of the subgenre. Australian-formed AC/DC, with a stripped back, riff heavy and abrasive style that also appealed to the punk generation, began to gain international attention from 1976, culminating in the release of their multi-platinum albums Let There Be Rock (1977) and Highway to Hell (1979). Also influenced by a punk ethos were heavy metal bands like Motörhead, while Judas Priest abandoned the remaining elements of the blues in their music, further differentiating the hard rock and heavy metal styles and helping to create the New Wave of British Heavy Metal which was pursued by bands like Iron Maiden, Saxon and Venom.
|
What are the first three Rush albums?
|
{
"text": [
"Rush, Fly by Night and Caress of Steel"
],
"answer_start": [
136
]
}
|
Rush, Fly by Night and Caress of Steel
|
titled "Hard rock"
|
Article titled "Hard rock"
Question: What are the first three Rush albums?
Answer:
|
Rush, Fly by Night and Caress of Steel
|
570b609e6b8089140040f8ec
|
Hard_rock
|
From outside the United Kingdom and the United States, the Canadian trio Rush released three distinctively hard rock albums in 1974–75 (Rush, Fly by Night and Caress of Steel) before moving toward a more progressive sound with the 1976 album 2112. The Irish band Thin Lizzy, which had formed in the late 1960s, made their most substantial commercial breakthrough in 1976 with the hard rock album Jailbreak and their worldwide hit "The Boys Are Back in Town", which reached number 8 in the UK and number 12 in the US. Their style, consisting of two duelling guitarists often playing leads in harmony, proved itself to be a large influence on later bands. They reached their commercial, and arguably their artistic peak with Black Rose: A Rock Legend (1979). The arrival of Scorpions from Germany marked the geographical expansion of the subgenre. Australian-formed AC/DC, with a stripped back, riff heavy and abrasive style that also appealed to the punk generation, began to gain international attention from 1976, culminating in the release of their multi-platinum albums Let There Be Rock (1977) and Highway to Hell (1979). Also influenced by a punk ethos were heavy metal bands like Motörhead, while Judas Priest abandoned the remaining elements of the blues in their music, further differentiating the hard rock and heavy metal styles and helping to create the New Wave of British Heavy Metal which was pursued by bands like Iron Maiden, Saxon and Venom.
|
What nationality was Thin Lizzy?
|
{
"text": [
"Irish"
],
"answer_start": [
252
]
}
|
Irish
|
titled "Hard rock"
|
Article titled "Hard rock"
Question: What nationality was Thin Lizzy?
Answer:
|
Irish
|
570b609e6b8089140040f8ed
|
Hard_rock
|
From outside the United Kingdom and the United States, the Canadian trio Rush released three distinctively hard rock albums in 1974–75 (Rush, Fly by Night and Caress of Steel) before moving toward a more progressive sound with the 1976 album 2112. The Irish band Thin Lizzy, which had formed in the late 1960s, made their most substantial commercial breakthrough in 1976 with the hard rock album Jailbreak and their worldwide hit "The Boys Are Back in Town", which reached number 8 in the UK and number 12 in the US. Their style, consisting of two duelling guitarists often playing leads in harmony, proved itself to be a large influence on later bands. They reached their commercial, and arguably their artistic peak with Black Rose: A Rock Legend (1979). The arrival of Scorpions from Germany marked the geographical expansion of the subgenre. Australian-formed AC/DC, with a stripped back, riff heavy and abrasive style that also appealed to the punk generation, began to gain international attention from 1976, culminating in the release of their multi-platinum albums Let There Be Rock (1977) and Highway to Hell (1979). Also influenced by a punk ethos were heavy metal bands like Motörhead, while Judas Priest abandoned the remaining elements of the blues in their music, further differentiating the hard rock and heavy metal styles and helping to create the New Wave of British Heavy Metal which was pursued by bands like Iron Maiden, Saxon and Venom.
|
What was Thin Lizzy's hit single?
|
{
"text": [
"\"The Boys Are Back in Town\""
],
"answer_start": [
430
]
}
|
"The Boys Are Back in Town"
|
titled "Hard rock"
|
Article titled "Hard rock"
Question: What was Thin Lizzy's hit single?
Answer:
|
"The Boys Are Back in Town"
|
570b609e6b8089140040f8ee
|
Hard_rock
|
From outside the United Kingdom and the United States, the Canadian trio Rush released three distinctively hard rock albums in 1974–75 (Rush, Fly by Night and Caress of Steel) before moving toward a more progressive sound with the 1976 album 2112. The Irish band Thin Lizzy, which had formed in the late 1960s, made their most substantial commercial breakthrough in 1976 with the hard rock album Jailbreak and their worldwide hit "The Boys Are Back in Town", which reached number 8 in the UK and number 12 in the US. Their style, consisting of two duelling guitarists often playing leads in harmony, proved itself to be a large influence on later bands. They reached their commercial, and arguably their artistic peak with Black Rose: A Rock Legend (1979). The arrival of Scorpions from Germany marked the geographical expansion of the subgenre. Australian-formed AC/DC, with a stripped back, riff heavy and abrasive style that also appealed to the punk generation, began to gain international attention from 1976, culminating in the release of their multi-platinum albums Let There Be Rock (1977) and Highway to Hell (1979). Also influenced by a punk ethos were heavy metal bands like Motörhead, while Judas Priest abandoned the remaining elements of the blues in their music, further differentiating the hard rock and heavy metal styles and helping to create the New Wave of British Heavy Metal which was pursued by bands like Iron Maiden, Saxon and Venom.
|
The Scorpions hailed from what country?
|
{
"text": [
"Germany"
],
"answer_start": [
787
]
}
|
Germany
|
titled "Hard rock"
|
Article titled "Hard rock"
Question: The Scorpions hailed from what country?
Answer:
|
Germany
|
570b6365ec8fbc190045b9c0
|
Great_Plains
|
Much of the Great Plains became open range, or rangeland where cattle roamed free, hosting ranching operations where anyone was theoretically free to run cattle. In the spring and fall, ranchers held roundups where their cowboys branded new calves, treated animals and sorted the cattle for sale. Such ranching began in Texas and gradually moved northward. In 1866-95, cowboys herded 10 million cattle north to rail heads such as Dodge City, Kansas and Ogallala, Nebraska; from there, cattle were shipped eastward.
|
what type of land is much of the great plans?
|
{
"text": [
"open range"
],
"answer_start": [
32
]
}
|
open range
|
titled "Great Plains"
|
Article titled "Great Plains"
Question: what type of land is much of the great plans?
Answer:
|
open range
|
570b6365ec8fbc190045b9c1
|
Great_Plains
|
Much of the Great Plains became open range, or rangeland where cattle roamed free, hosting ranching operations where anyone was theoretically free to run cattle. In the spring and fall, ranchers held roundups where their cowboys branded new calves, treated animals and sorted the cattle for sale. Such ranching began in Texas and gradually moved northward. In 1866-95, cowboys herded 10 million cattle north to rail heads such as Dodge City, Kansas and Ogallala, Nebraska; from there, cattle were shipped eastward.
|
when did ranchers usually have a cattle round up?
|
{
"text": [
"spring and fall"
],
"answer_start": [
169
]
}
|
spring and fall
|
titled "Great Plains"
|
Article titled "Great Plains"
Question: when did ranchers usually have a cattle round up?
Answer:
|
spring and fall
|
570b6365ec8fbc190045b9c2
|
Great_Plains
|
Much of the Great Plains became open range, or rangeland where cattle roamed free, hosting ranching operations where anyone was theoretically free to run cattle. In the spring and fall, ranchers held roundups where their cowboys branded new calves, treated animals and sorted the cattle for sale. Such ranching began in Texas and gradually moved northward. In 1866-95, cowboys herded 10 million cattle north to rail heads such as Dodge City, Kansas and Ogallala, Nebraska; from there, cattle were shipped eastward.
|
in a cattle round up, what did ranchers do to the new calves?
|
{
"text": [
"branded"
],
"answer_start": [
229
]
}
|
branded
|
titled "Great Plains"
|
Article titled "Great Plains"
Question: in a cattle round up, what did ranchers do to the new calves?
Answer:
|
branded
|
570b6365ec8fbc190045b9c3
|
Great_Plains
|
Much of the Great Plains became open range, or rangeland where cattle roamed free, hosting ranching operations where anyone was theoretically free to run cattle. In the spring and fall, ranchers held roundups where their cowboys branded new calves, treated animals and sorted the cattle for sale. Such ranching began in Texas and gradually moved northward. In 1866-95, cowboys herded 10 million cattle north to rail heads such as Dodge City, Kansas and Ogallala, Nebraska; from there, cattle were shipped eastward.
|
from 1866-95 about how many cattle did cowboys herd?
|
{
"text": [
"10 million"
],
"answer_start": [
384
]
}
|
10 million
|
titled "Great Plains"
|
Article titled "Great Plains"
Question: from 1866-95 about how many cattle did cowboys herd?
Answer:
|
10 million
|
570b8f6cec8fbc190045ba76
|
Infrared
|
The onset of infrared is defined (according to different standards) at various values typically between 700 nm and 800 nm, but the boundary between visible and infrared light is not precisely defined. The human eye is markedly less sensitive to light above 700 nm wavelength, so longer wavelengths make insignificant contributions to scenes illuminated by common light sources. However, particularly intense near-IR light (e.g., from IR lasers, IR LED sources, or from bright daylight with the visible light removed by colored gels) can be detected up to approximately 780 nm, and will be perceived as red light. Sources providing wavelengths as long as 1050 nm can be seen as a dull red glow in intense sources, causing some difficulty in near-IR illumination of scenes in the dark (usually this practical problem is solved by indirect illumination). Leaves are particularly bright in the near IR, and if all visible light leaks from around an IR-filter are blocked, and the eye is given a moment to adjust to the extremely dim image coming through a visually opaque IR-passing photographic filter, it is possible to see the Wood effect that consists of IR-glowing foliage.
|
At what wavelength does the human eye become significantly less sensitive to light?
|
{
"text": [
"700 nm"
],
"answer_start": [
257
]
}
|
700 nm
|
titled "Infrared"
|
Article titled "Infrared"
Question: At what wavelength does the human eye become significantly less sensitive to light?
Answer:
|
700 nm
|
570b8f6cec8fbc190045ba77
|
Infrared
|
The onset of infrared is defined (according to different standards) at various values typically between 700 nm and 800 nm, but the boundary between visible and infrared light is not precisely defined. The human eye is markedly less sensitive to light above 700 nm wavelength, so longer wavelengths make insignificant contributions to scenes illuminated by common light sources. However, particularly intense near-IR light (e.g., from IR lasers, IR LED sources, or from bright daylight with the visible light removed by colored gels) can be detected up to approximately 780 nm, and will be perceived as red light. Sources providing wavelengths as long as 1050 nm can be seen as a dull red glow in intense sources, causing some difficulty in near-IR illumination of scenes in the dark (usually this practical problem is solved by indirect illumination). Leaves are particularly bright in the near IR, and if all visible light leaks from around an IR-filter are blocked, and the eye is given a moment to adjust to the extremely dim image coming through a visually opaque IR-passing photographic filter, it is possible to see the Wood effect that consists of IR-glowing foliage.
|
What sort of light is generated by IR lasers?
|
{
"text": [
"near-IR"
],
"answer_start": [
408
]
}
|
near-IR
|
titled "Infrared"
|
Article titled "Infrared"
Question: What sort of light is generated by IR lasers?
Answer:
|
near-IR
|
570b8f6cec8fbc190045ba78
|
Infrared
|
The onset of infrared is defined (according to different standards) at various values typically between 700 nm and 800 nm, but the boundary between visible and infrared light is not precisely defined. The human eye is markedly less sensitive to light above 700 nm wavelength, so longer wavelengths make insignificant contributions to scenes illuminated by common light sources. However, particularly intense near-IR light (e.g., from IR lasers, IR LED sources, or from bright daylight with the visible light removed by colored gels) can be detected up to approximately 780 nm, and will be perceived as red light. Sources providing wavelengths as long as 1050 nm can be seen as a dull red glow in intense sources, causing some difficulty in near-IR illumination of scenes in the dark (usually this practical problem is solved by indirect illumination). Leaves are particularly bright in the near IR, and if all visible light leaks from around an IR-filter are blocked, and the eye is given a moment to adjust to the extremely dim image coming through a visually opaque IR-passing photographic filter, it is possible to see the Wood effect that consists of IR-glowing foliage.
|
Up to what wavelength does the human eye perceive IR LED sources as red?
|
{
"text": [
"780 nm"
],
"answer_start": [
569
]
}
|
780 nm
|
titled "Infrared"
|
Article titled "Infrared"
Question: Up to what wavelength does the human eye perceive IR LED sources as red?
Answer:
|
780 nm
|
570b8f6cec8fbc190045ba79
|
Infrared
|
The onset of infrared is defined (according to different standards) at various values typically between 700 nm and 800 nm, but the boundary between visible and infrared light is not precisely defined. The human eye is markedly less sensitive to light above 700 nm wavelength, so longer wavelengths make insignificant contributions to scenes illuminated by common light sources. However, particularly intense near-IR light (e.g., from IR lasers, IR LED sources, or from bright daylight with the visible light removed by colored gels) can be detected up to approximately 780 nm, and will be perceived as red light. Sources providing wavelengths as long as 1050 nm can be seen as a dull red glow in intense sources, causing some difficulty in near-IR illumination of scenes in the dark (usually this practical problem is solved by indirect illumination). Leaves are particularly bright in the near IR, and if all visible light leaks from around an IR-filter are blocked, and the eye is given a moment to adjust to the extremely dim image coming through a visually opaque IR-passing photographic filter, it is possible to see the Wood effect that consists of IR-glowing foliage.
|
Up to what wavelength does the human eye perceive certain intense lights as being dull red in color?
|
{
"text": [
"1050 nm"
],
"answer_start": [
654
]
}
|
1050 nm
|
titled "Infrared"
|
Article titled "Infrared"
Question: Up to what wavelength does the human eye perceive certain intense lights as being dull red in color?
Answer:
|
1050 nm
|
570b8f6cec8fbc190045ba7a
|
Infrared
|
The onset of infrared is defined (according to different standards) at various values typically between 700 nm and 800 nm, but the boundary between visible and infrared light is not precisely defined. The human eye is markedly less sensitive to light above 700 nm wavelength, so longer wavelengths make insignificant contributions to scenes illuminated by common light sources. However, particularly intense near-IR light (e.g., from IR lasers, IR LED sources, or from bright daylight with the visible light removed by colored gels) can be detected up to approximately 780 nm, and will be perceived as red light. Sources providing wavelengths as long as 1050 nm can be seen as a dull red glow in intense sources, causing some difficulty in near-IR illumination of scenes in the dark (usually this practical problem is solved by indirect illumination). Leaves are particularly bright in the near IR, and if all visible light leaks from around an IR-filter are blocked, and the eye is given a moment to adjust to the extremely dim image coming through a visually opaque IR-passing photographic filter, it is possible to see the Wood effect that consists of IR-glowing foliage.
|
What objects are notably bright in near IR?
|
{
"text": [
"Leaves"
],
"answer_start": [
852
]
}
|
Leaves
|
titled "Infrared"
|
Article titled "Infrared"
Question: What objects are notably bright in near IR?
Answer:
|
Leaves
|
570bc2566b8089140040fa14
|
Biodiversity
|
This multilevel construct is consistent with Dasmann and Lovejoy. An explicit definition consistent with this interpretation was first given in a paper by Bruce A. Wilcox commissioned by the International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) for the 1982 World National Parks Conference. Wilcox's definition was "Biological diversity is the variety of life forms...at all levels of biological systems (i.e., molecular, organismic, population, species and ecosystem)...". The 1992 United Nations Earth Summit defined "biological diversity" as "the variability among living organisms from all sources, including, 'inter alia', terrestrial, marine, and other aquatic ecosystems, and the ecological complexes of which they are part: this includes diversity within species, between species and of ecosystems". This definition is used in the United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity.
|
Who is the author of the biodiversity research paper?
|
{
"text": [
"Bruce A. Wilcox"
],
"answer_start": [
155
]
}
|
Bruce A. Wilcox
|
titled "Biodiversity"
|
Article titled "Biodiversity"
Question: Who is the author of the biodiversity research paper?
Answer:
|
Bruce A. Wilcox
|
570bc2566b8089140040fa15
|
Biodiversity
|
This multilevel construct is consistent with Dasmann and Lovejoy. An explicit definition consistent with this interpretation was first given in a paper by Bruce A. Wilcox commissioned by the International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) for the 1982 World National Parks Conference. Wilcox's definition was "Biological diversity is the variety of life forms...at all levels of biological systems (i.e., molecular, organismic, population, species and ecosystem)...". The 1992 United Nations Earth Summit defined "biological diversity" as "the variability among living organisms from all sources, including, 'inter alia', terrestrial, marine, and other aquatic ecosystems, and the ecological complexes of which they are part: this includes diversity within species, between species and of ecosystems". This definition is used in the United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity.
|
Who commissioned the biodiversity research paper?
|
{
"text": [
"International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN)"
],
"answer_start": [
191
]
}
|
International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN)
|
titled "Biodiversity"
|
Article titled "Biodiversity"
Question: Who commissioned the biodiversity research paper?
Answer:
|
International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN)
|
570bc2566b8089140040fa16
|
Biodiversity
|
This multilevel construct is consistent with Dasmann and Lovejoy. An explicit definition consistent with this interpretation was first given in a paper by Bruce A. Wilcox commissioned by the International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) for the 1982 World National Parks Conference. Wilcox's definition was "Biological diversity is the variety of life forms...at all levels of biological systems (i.e., molecular, organismic, population, species and ecosystem)...". The 1992 United Nations Earth Summit defined "biological diversity" as "the variability among living organisms from all sources, including, 'inter alia', terrestrial, marine, and other aquatic ecosystems, and the ecological complexes of which they are part: this includes diversity within species, between species and of ecosystems". This definition is used in the United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity.
|
At what event was the biodiversity research paper presented?
|
{
"text": [
"1982 World National Parks Conference"
],
"answer_start": [
279
]
}
|
1982 World National Parks Conference
|
titled "Biodiversity"
|
Article titled "Biodiversity"
Question: At what event was the biodiversity research paper presented?
Answer:
|
1982 World National Parks Conference
|
570bc2566b8089140040fa17
|
Biodiversity
|
This multilevel construct is consistent with Dasmann and Lovejoy. An explicit definition consistent with this interpretation was first given in a paper by Bruce A. Wilcox commissioned by the International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) for the 1982 World National Parks Conference. Wilcox's definition was "Biological diversity is the variety of life forms...at all levels of biological systems (i.e., molecular, organismic, population, species and ecosystem)...". The 1992 United Nations Earth Summit defined "biological diversity" as "the variability among living organisms from all sources, including, 'inter alia', terrestrial, marine, and other aquatic ecosystems, and the ecological complexes of which they are part: this includes diversity within species, between species and of ecosystems". This definition is used in the United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity.
|
What year did the United Nations Earth Summit define "biological diversity"?
|
{
"text": [
"1992"
],
"answer_start": [
504
]
}
|
1992
|
titled "Biodiversity"
|
Article titled "Biodiversity"
Question: What year did the United Nations Earth Summit define "biological diversity"?
Answer:
|
1992
|
570bd0da6b8089140040fa60
|
ASCII
|
The code itself was patterned so that most control codes were together, and all graphic codes were together, for ease of identification. The first two columns (32 positions) were reserved for control characters.:220, 236 § 8,9) The "space" character had to come before graphics to make sorting easier, so it became position 20hex;:237 § 10 for the same reason, many special signs commonly used as separators were placed before digits. The committee decided it was important to support uppercase 64-character alphabets, and chose to pattern ASCII so it could be reduced easily to a usable 64-character set of graphic codes,:228, 237 § 14 as was done in the DEC SIXBIT code. Lowercase letters were therefore not interleaved with uppercase. To keep options available for lowercase letters and other graphics, the special and numeric codes were arranged before the letters, and the letter A was placed in position 41hex to match the draft of the corresponding British standard.:238 § 18 The digits 0–9 were arranged so they correspond to values in binary prefixed with 011, making conversion with binary-coded decimal straightforward.
|
Why was the code patterned so that most codes were together?
|
{
"text": [
"for ease of identification"
],
"answer_start": [
109
]
}
|
for ease of identification
|
titled "ASCII"
|
Article titled "ASCII"
Question: Why was the code patterned so that most codes were together?
Answer:
|
for ease of identification
|
570bd0da6b8089140040fa61
|
ASCII
|
The code itself was patterned so that most control codes were together, and all graphic codes were together, for ease of identification. The first two columns (32 positions) were reserved for control characters.:220, 236 § 8,9) The "space" character had to come before graphics to make sorting easier, so it became position 20hex;:237 § 10 for the same reason, many special signs commonly used as separators were placed before digits. The committee decided it was important to support uppercase 64-character alphabets, and chose to pattern ASCII so it could be reduced easily to a usable 64-character set of graphic codes,:228, 237 § 14 as was done in the DEC SIXBIT code. Lowercase letters were therefore not interleaved with uppercase. To keep options available for lowercase letters and other graphics, the special and numeric codes were arranged before the letters, and the letter A was placed in position 41hex to match the draft of the corresponding British standard.:238 § 18 The digits 0–9 were arranged so they correspond to values in binary prefixed with 011, making conversion with binary-coded decimal straightforward.
|
How many positions are in the first two columns?
|
{
"text": [
"32 positions"
],
"answer_start": [
160
]
}
|
32 positions
|
titled "ASCII"
|
Article titled "ASCII"
Question: How many positions are in the first two columns?
Answer:
|
32 positions
|
570bd0da6b8089140040fa62
|
ASCII
|
The code itself was patterned so that most control codes were together, and all graphic codes were together, for ease of identification. The first two columns (32 positions) were reserved for control characters.:220, 236 § 8,9) The "space" character had to come before graphics to make sorting easier, so it became position 20hex;:237 § 10 for the same reason, many special signs commonly used as separators were placed before digits. The committee decided it was important to support uppercase 64-character alphabets, and chose to pattern ASCII so it could be reduced easily to a usable 64-character set of graphic codes,:228, 237 § 14 as was done in the DEC SIXBIT code. Lowercase letters were therefore not interleaved with uppercase. To keep options available for lowercase letters and other graphics, the special and numeric codes were arranged before the letters, and the letter A was placed in position 41hex to match the draft of the corresponding British standard.:238 § 18 The digits 0–9 were arranged so they correspond to values in binary prefixed with 011, making conversion with binary-coded decimal straightforward.
|
What did the committee decide was important?
|
{
"text": [
"to support uppercase 64-character alphabets"
],
"answer_start": [
474
]
}
|
to support uppercase 64-character alphabets
|
titled "ASCII"
|
Article titled "ASCII"
Question: What did the committee decide was important?
Answer:
|
to support uppercase 64-character alphabets
|
570bd0da6b8089140040fa63
|
ASCII
|
The code itself was patterned so that most control codes were together, and all graphic codes were together, for ease of identification. The first two columns (32 positions) were reserved for control characters.:220, 236 § 8,9) The "space" character had to come before graphics to make sorting easier, so it became position 20hex;:237 § 10 for the same reason, many special signs commonly used as separators were placed before digits. The committee decided it was important to support uppercase 64-character alphabets, and chose to pattern ASCII so it could be reduced easily to a usable 64-character set of graphic codes,:228, 237 § 14 as was done in the DEC SIXBIT code. Lowercase letters were therefore not interleaved with uppercase. To keep options available for lowercase letters and other graphics, the special and numeric codes were arranged before the letters, and the letter A was placed in position 41hex to match the draft of the corresponding British standard.:238 § 18 The digits 0–9 were arranged so they correspond to values in binary prefixed with 011, making conversion with binary-coded decimal straightforward.
|
Where was the letter A places in position?
|
{
"text": [
"41hex"
],
"answer_start": [
910
]
}
|
41hex
|
titled "ASCII"
|
Article titled "ASCII"
Question: Where was the letter A places in position?
Answer:
|
41hex
|
570be36dec8fbc190045bbc8
|
Digestion
|
Other animals, such as rabbits and rodents, practise coprophagia behaviours - eating specialised faeces in order to re-digest food, especially in the case of roughage. Capybara, rabbits, hamsters and other related species do not have a complex digestive system as do, for example, ruminants. Instead they extract more nutrition from grass by giving their food a second pass through the gut. Soft faecal pellets of partially digested food are excreted and generally consumed immediately. They also produce normal droppings, which are not eaten.
|
What is the practive of coprophagia behaviours?
|
{
"text": [
"eating specialised faeces in order to re-digest food"
],
"answer_start": [
78
]
}
|
eating specialised faeces in order to re-digest food
|
titled "Digestion"
|
Article titled "Digestion"
Question: What is the practive of coprophagia behaviours?
Answer:
|
eating specialised faeces in order to re-digest food
|
570be36dec8fbc190045bbc9
|
Digestion
|
Other animals, such as rabbits and rodents, practise coprophagia behaviours - eating specialised faeces in order to re-digest food, especially in the case of roughage. Capybara, rabbits, hamsters and other related species do not have a complex digestive system as do, for example, ruminants. Instead they extract more nutrition from grass by giving their food a second pass through the gut. Soft faecal pellets of partially digested food are excreted and generally consumed immediately. They also produce normal droppings, which are not eaten.
|
Why do some animals pass food through their gut twice?
|
{
"text": [
"extract more nutrition"
],
"answer_start": [
305
]
}
|
extract more nutrition
|
titled "Digestion"
|
Article titled "Digestion"
Question: Why do some animals pass food through their gut twice?
Answer:
|
extract more nutrition
|
570be36dec8fbc190045bbca
|
Digestion
|
Other animals, such as rabbits and rodents, practise coprophagia behaviours - eating specialised faeces in order to re-digest food, especially in the case of roughage. Capybara, rabbits, hamsters and other related species do not have a complex digestive system as do, for example, ruminants. Instead they extract more nutrition from grass by giving their food a second pass through the gut. Soft faecal pellets of partially digested food are excreted and generally consumed immediately. They also produce normal droppings, which are not eaten.
|
What happens with these soft feacal pellets?
|
{
"text": [
"excreted and generally consumed immediately"
],
"answer_start": [
442
]
}
|
excreted and generally consumed immediately
|
titled "Digestion"
|
Article titled "Digestion"
Question: What happens with these soft feacal pellets?
Answer:
|
excreted and generally consumed immediately
|
570be36dec8fbc190045bbcb
|
Digestion
|
Other animals, such as rabbits and rodents, practise coprophagia behaviours - eating specialised faeces in order to re-digest food, especially in the case of roughage. Capybara, rabbits, hamsters and other related species do not have a complex digestive system as do, for example, ruminants. Instead they extract more nutrition from grass by giving their food a second pass through the gut. Soft faecal pellets of partially digested food are excreted and generally consumed immediately. They also produce normal droppings, which are not eaten.
|
Are normal droppings also eaten?
|
{
"text": [
"not eaten"
],
"answer_start": [
533
]
}
|
not eaten
|
titled "Digestion"
|
Article titled "Digestion"
Question: Are normal droppings also eaten?
Answer:
|
not eaten
|
570c2375ec8fbc190045bc76
|
Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation
|
In March 1971, the residential office of an FBI agent in Media, Pennsylvania was burglarized by a group calling itself the Citizens' Commission to Investigate the FBI. Numerous files were taken and distributed to a range of newspapers, including The Harvard Crimson. The files detailed the FBI's extensive COINTELPRO program, which included investigations into lives of ordinary citizens—including a black student group at a Pennsylvania military college and the daughter of Congressman Henry Reuss of Wisconsin. The country was "jolted" by the revelations, which included assassinations of political activists, and the actions were denounced by members of Congress, including House Majority Leader Hale Boggs. The phones of some members of Congress, including Boggs, had allegedly been tapped.
|
Which group broke into an FBI office in Media, Pennsylvania?
|
{
"text": [
"Citizens' Commission to Investigate the FBI"
],
"answer_start": [
123
]
}
|
Citizens' Commission to Investigate the FBI
|
titled "Federal Bureau of Investigation"
|
Article titled "Federal Bureau of Investigation"
Question: Which group broke into an FBI office in Media, Pennsylvania?
Answer:
|
Citizens' Commission to Investigate the FBI
|
570c2375ec8fbc190045bc77
|
Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation
|
In March 1971, the residential office of an FBI agent in Media, Pennsylvania was burglarized by a group calling itself the Citizens' Commission to Investigate the FBI. Numerous files were taken and distributed to a range of newspapers, including The Harvard Crimson. The files detailed the FBI's extensive COINTELPRO program, which included investigations into lives of ordinary citizens—including a black student group at a Pennsylvania military college and the daughter of Congressman Henry Reuss of Wisconsin. The country was "jolted" by the revelations, which included assassinations of political activists, and the actions were denounced by members of Congress, including House Majority Leader Hale Boggs. The phones of some members of Congress, including Boggs, had allegedly been tapped.
|
Did the Citizens' Commission to Investigate the FBI take files?
|
{
"text": [
"Numerous files were taken"
],
"answer_start": [
168
]
}
|
Numerous files were taken
|
titled "Federal Bureau of Investigation"
|
Article titled "Federal Bureau of Investigation"
Question: Did the Citizens' Commission to Investigate the FBI take files?
Answer:
|
Numerous files were taken
|
570c2375ec8fbc190045bc78
|
Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation
|
In March 1971, the residential office of an FBI agent in Media, Pennsylvania was burglarized by a group calling itself the Citizens' Commission to Investigate the FBI. Numerous files were taken and distributed to a range of newspapers, including The Harvard Crimson. The files detailed the FBI's extensive COINTELPRO program, which included investigations into lives of ordinary citizens—including a black student group at a Pennsylvania military college and the daughter of Congressman Henry Reuss of Wisconsin. The country was "jolted" by the revelations, which included assassinations of political activists, and the actions were denounced by members of Congress, including House Majority Leader Hale Boggs. The phones of some members of Congress, including Boggs, had allegedly been tapped.
|
What files was the Citizens' Commission to Investigate the FBI's raid mainly focused on?
|
{
"text": [
"COINTELPRO program"
],
"answer_start": [
306
]
}
|
COINTELPRO program
|
titled "Federal Bureau of Investigation"
|
Article titled "Federal Bureau of Investigation"
Question: What files was the Citizens' Commission to Investigate the FBI's raid mainly focused on?
Answer:
|
COINTELPRO program
|
570c2375ec8fbc190045bc79
|
Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation
|
In March 1971, the residential office of an FBI agent in Media, Pennsylvania was burglarized by a group calling itself the Citizens' Commission to Investigate the FBI. Numerous files were taken and distributed to a range of newspapers, including The Harvard Crimson. The files detailed the FBI's extensive COINTELPRO program, which included investigations into lives of ordinary citizens—including a black student group at a Pennsylvania military college and the daughter of Congressman Henry Reuss of Wisconsin. The country was "jolted" by the revelations, which included assassinations of political activists, and the actions were denounced by members of Congress, including House Majority Leader Hale Boggs. The phones of some members of Congress, including Boggs, had allegedly been tapped.
|
What did the files about COINTELPRO reveal?
|
{
"text": [
"investigations into lives of ordinary citizens"
],
"answer_start": [
341
]
}
|
investigations into lives of ordinary citizens
|
titled "Federal Bureau of Investigation"
|
Article titled "Federal Bureau of Investigation"
Question: What did the files about COINTELPRO reveal?
Answer:
|
investigations into lives of ordinary citizens
|
570c2375ec8fbc190045bc7a
|
Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation
|
In March 1971, the residential office of an FBI agent in Media, Pennsylvania was burglarized by a group calling itself the Citizens' Commission to Investigate the FBI. Numerous files were taken and distributed to a range of newspapers, including The Harvard Crimson. The files detailed the FBI's extensive COINTELPRO program, which included investigations into lives of ordinary citizens—including a black student group at a Pennsylvania military college and the daughter of Congressman Henry Reuss of Wisconsin. The country was "jolted" by the revelations, which included assassinations of political activists, and the actions were denounced by members of Congress, including House Majority Leader Hale Boggs. The phones of some members of Congress, including Boggs, had allegedly been tapped.
|
How did the US react to these discoveries?
|
{
"text": [
"The country was \"jolted\""
],
"answer_start": [
513
]
}
|
The country was "jolted"
|
titled "Federal Bureau of Investigation"
|
Article titled "Federal Bureau of Investigation"
Question: How did the US react to these discoveries?
Answer:
|
The country was "jolted"
|
570c4897fed7b91900d4582f
|
Adolescence
|
Puberty occurs through a long process and begins with a surge in hormone production, which in turn causes a number of physical changes. It is the stage of life characterized by the appearance and development of secondary sex characteristics (for example, a deeper voice and larger adam's apple in boys, and development of breasts and more curved and prominent hips in girls) and a strong shift in hormonal balance towards an adult state. This is triggered by the pituitary gland, which secretes a surge of hormonal agents into the blood stream, initiating a chain reaction to occur. The male and female gonads are subsequently activated, which puts them into a state of rapid growth and development; the triggered gonads now commence the mass production of the necessary chemicals. The testes primarily release testosterone, and the ovaries predominantly dispense estrogen. The production of these hormones increases gradually until sexual maturation is met. Some boys may develop gynecomastia due to an imbalance of sex hormones, tissue responsiveness or obesity.
|
Puberty causes what to happen in boys?
|
{
"text": [
"a deeper voice and larger adam's apple"
],
"answer_start": [
255
]
}
|
a deeper voice and larger adam's apple
|
titled "Adolescence"
|
Article titled "Adolescence"
Question: Puberty causes what to happen in boys?
Answer:
|
a deeper voice and larger adam's apple
|
570c4897fed7b91900d45830
|
Adolescence
|
Puberty occurs through a long process and begins with a surge in hormone production, which in turn causes a number of physical changes. It is the stage of life characterized by the appearance and development of secondary sex characteristics (for example, a deeper voice and larger adam's apple in boys, and development of breasts and more curved and prominent hips in girls) and a strong shift in hormonal balance towards an adult state. This is triggered by the pituitary gland, which secretes a surge of hormonal agents into the blood stream, initiating a chain reaction to occur. The male and female gonads are subsequently activated, which puts them into a state of rapid growth and development; the triggered gonads now commence the mass production of the necessary chemicals. The testes primarily release testosterone, and the ovaries predominantly dispense estrogen. The production of these hormones increases gradually until sexual maturation is met. Some boys may develop gynecomastia due to an imbalance of sex hormones, tissue responsiveness or obesity.
|
What releases testosterone?
|
{
"text": [
"The testes"
],
"answer_start": [
782
]
}
|
The testes
|
titled "Adolescence"
|
Article titled "Adolescence"
Question: What releases testosterone?
Answer:
|
The testes
|
570c4897fed7b91900d45831
|
Adolescence
|
Puberty occurs through a long process and begins with a surge in hormone production, which in turn causes a number of physical changes. It is the stage of life characterized by the appearance and development of secondary sex characteristics (for example, a deeper voice and larger adam's apple in boys, and development of breasts and more curved and prominent hips in girls) and a strong shift in hormonal balance towards an adult state. This is triggered by the pituitary gland, which secretes a surge of hormonal agents into the blood stream, initiating a chain reaction to occur. The male and female gonads are subsequently activated, which puts them into a state of rapid growth and development; the triggered gonads now commence the mass production of the necessary chemicals. The testes primarily release testosterone, and the ovaries predominantly dispense estrogen. The production of these hormones increases gradually until sexual maturation is met. Some boys may develop gynecomastia due to an imbalance of sex hormones, tissue responsiveness or obesity.
|
What releases estrogen?
|
{
"text": [
"the ovaries"
],
"answer_start": [
829
]
}
|
the ovaries
|
titled "Adolescence"
|
Article titled "Adolescence"
Question: What releases estrogen?
Answer:
|
the ovaries
|
570c4897fed7b91900d45832
|
Adolescence
|
Puberty occurs through a long process and begins with a surge in hormone production, which in turn causes a number of physical changes. It is the stage of life characterized by the appearance and development of secondary sex characteristics (for example, a deeper voice and larger adam's apple in boys, and development of breasts and more curved and prominent hips in girls) and a strong shift in hormonal balance towards an adult state. This is triggered by the pituitary gland, which secretes a surge of hormonal agents into the blood stream, initiating a chain reaction to occur. The male and female gonads are subsequently activated, which puts them into a state of rapid growth and development; the triggered gonads now commence the mass production of the necessary chemicals. The testes primarily release testosterone, and the ovaries predominantly dispense estrogen. The production of these hormones increases gradually until sexual maturation is met. Some boys may develop gynecomastia due to an imbalance of sex hormones, tissue responsiveness or obesity.
|
What causes gynecomastia?
|
{
"text": [
"obesity."
],
"answer_start": [
1056
]
}
|
obesity.
|
titled "Adolescence"
|
Article titled "Adolescence"
Question: What causes gynecomastia?
Answer:
|
obesity.
|
570c4897fed7b91900d45833
|
Adolescence
|
Puberty occurs through a long process and begins with a surge in hormone production, which in turn causes a number of physical changes. It is the stage of life characterized by the appearance and development of secondary sex characteristics (for example, a deeper voice and larger adam's apple in boys, and development of breasts and more curved and prominent hips in girls) and a strong shift in hormonal balance towards an adult state. This is triggered by the pituitary gland, which secretes a surge of hormonal agents into the blood stream, initiating a chain reaction to occur. The male and female gonads are subsequently activated, which puts them into a state of rapid growth and development; the triggered gonads now commence the mass production of the necessary chemicals. The testes primarily release testosterone, and the ovaries predominantly dispense estrogen. The production of these hormones increases gradually until sexual maturation is met. Some boys may develop gynecomastia due to an imbalance of sex hormones, tissue responsiveness or obesity.
|
What causes puberty?
|
{
"text": [
"a surge in hormone production"
],
"answer_start": [
54
]
}
|
a surge in hormone production
|
titled "Adolescence"
|
Article titled "Adolescence"
Question: What causes puberty?
Answer:
|
a surge in hormone production
|
570d5cb5b3d812140066d739
|
Adolescence
|
Puberty occurs through a long process and begins with a surge in hormone production, which in turn causes a number of physical changes. It is the stage of life characterized by the appearance and development of secondary sex characteristics (for example, a deeper voice and larger adam's apple in boys, and development of breasts and more curved and prominent hips in girls) and a strong shift in hormonal balance towards an adult state. This is triggered by the pituitary gland, which secretes a surge of hormonal agents into the blood stream, initiating a chain reaction to occur. The male and female gonads are subsequently activated, which puts them into a state of rapid growth and development; the triggered gonads now commence the mass production of the necessary chemicals. The testes primarily release testosterone, and the ovaries predominantly dispense estrogen. The production of these hormones increases gradually until sexual maturation is met. Some boys may develop gynecomastia due to an imbalance of sex hormones, tissue responsiveness or obesity.
|
A surge in hormone production triggers a number of physical changes during what stage of life?
|
{
"text": [
"Puberty"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
}
|
Puberty
|
titled "Adolescence"
|
Article titled "Adolescence"
Question: A surge in hormone production triggers a number of physical changes during what stage of life?
Answer:
|
Puberty
|
570d5cb5b3d812140066d73a
|
Adolescence
|
Puberty occurs through a long process and begins with a surge in hormone production, which in turn causes a number of physical changes. It is the stage of life characterized by the appearance and development of secondary sex characteristics (for example, a deeper voice and larger adam's apple in boys, and development of breasts and more curved and prominent hips in girls) and a strong shift in hormonal balance towards an adult state. This is triggered by the pituitary gland, which secretes a surge of hormonal agents into the blood stream, initiating a chain reaction to occur. The male and female gonads are subsequently activated, which puts them into a state of rapid growth and development; the triggered gonads now commence the mass production of the necessary chemicals. The testes primarily release testosterone, and the ovaries predominantly dispense estrogen. The production of these hormones increases gradually until sexual maturation is met. Some boys may develop gynecomastia due to an imbalance of sex hormones, tissue responsiveness or obesity.
|
Which gland secretes a surge of hormonal agents into the blood stream?
|
{
"text": [
"pituitary"
],
"answer_start": [
463
]
}
|
pituitary
|
titled "Adolescence"
|
Article titled "Adolescence"
Question: Which gland secretes a surge of hormonal agents into the blood stream?
Answer:
|
pituitary
|
570d5cb5b3d812140066d73b
|
Adolescence
|
Puberty occurs through a long process and begins with a surge in hormone production, which in turn causes a number of physical changes. It is the stage of life characterized by the appearance and development of secondary sex characteristics (for example, a deeper voice and larger adam's apple in boys, and development of breasts and more curved and prominent hips in girls) and a strong shift in hormonal balance towards an adult state. This is triggered by the pituitary gland, which secretes a surge of hormonal agents into the blood stream, initiating a chain reaction to occur. The male and female gonads are subsequently activated, which puts them into a state of rapid growth and development; the triggered gonads now commence the mass production of the necessary chemicals. The testes primarily release testosterone, and the ovaries predominantly dispense estrogen. The production of these hormones increases gradually until sexual maturation is met. Some boys may develop gynecomastia due to an imbalance of sex hormones, tissue responsiveness or obesity.
|
Which part of the body releases testosterone in males?
|
{
"text": [
"testes"
],
"answer_start": [
786
]
}
|
testes
|
titled "Adolescence"
|
Article titled "Adolescence"
Question: Which part of the body releases testosterone in males?
Answer:
|
testes
|
570d5cb5b3d812140066d73c
|
Adolescence
|
Puberty occurs through a long process and begins with a surge in hormone production, which in turn causes a number of physical changes. It is the stage of life characterized by the appearance and development of secondary sex characteristics (for example, a deeper voice and larger adam's apple in boys, and development of breasts and more curved and prominent hips in girls) and a strong shift in hormonal balance towards an adult state. This is triggered by the pituitary gland, which secretes a surge of hormonal agents into the blood stream, initiating a chain reaction to occur. The male and female gonads are subsequently activated, which puts them into a state of rapid growth and development; the triggered gonads now commence the mass production of the necessary chemicals. The testes primarily release testosterone, and the ovaries predominantly dispense estrogen. The production of these hormones increases gradually until sexual maturation is met. Some boys may develop gynecomastia due to an imbalance of sex hormones, tissue responsiveness or obesity.
|
Which part of the body relesases estrogen in females?
|
{
"text": [
"ovaries"
],
"answer_start": [
833
]
}
|
ovaries
|
titled "Adolescence"
|
Article titled "Adolescence"
Question: Which part of the body relesases estrogen in females?
Answer:
|
ovaries
|
570d5cb5b3d812140066d73d
|
Adolescence
|
Puberty occurs through a long process and begins with a surge in hormone production, which in turn causes a number of physical changes. It is the stage of life characterized by the appearance and development of secondary sex characteristics (for example, a deeper voice and larger adam's apple in boys, and development of breasts and more curved and prominent hips in girls) and a strong shift in hormonal balance towards an adult state. This is triggered by the pituitary gland, which secretes a surge of hormonal agents into the blood stream, initiating a chain reaction to occur. The male and female gonads are subsequently activated, which puts them into a state of rapid growth and development; the triggered gonads now commence the mass production of the necessary chemicals. The testes primarily release testosterone, and the ovaries predominantly dispense estrogen. The production of these hormones increases gradually until sexual maturation is met. Some boys may develop gynecomastia due to an imbalance of sex hormones, tissue responsiveness or obesity.
|
An imbalance in sex hormones, tissue responsiveness, or obesity can cause what in boys?
|
{
"text": [
"gynecomastia"
],
"answer_start": [
981
]
}
|
gynecomastia
|
titled "Adolescence"
|
Article titled "Adolescence"
Question: An imbalance in sex hormones, tissue responsiveness, or obesity can cause what in boys?
Answer:
|
gynecomastia
|
570c23e26b8089140040fb54
|
Antarctica
|
Geologically, West Antarctica closely resembles the Andes mountain range of South America. The Antarctic Peninsula was formed by uplift and metamorphism of sea bed sediments during the late Paleozoic and the early Mesozoic eras. This sediment uplift was accompanied by igneous intrusions and volcanism. The most common rocks in West Antarctica are andesite and rhyolite volcanics formed during the Jurassic period. There is also evidence of volcanic activity, even after the ice sheet had formed, in Marie Byrd Land and Alexander Island. The only anomalous area of West Antarctica is the Ellsworth Mountains region, where the stratigraphy is more similar to East Antarctica.
|
What does West Antarctica most resemble geologically?
|
{
"text": [
"the Andes mountain range of South America"
],
"answer_start": [
48
]
}
|
the Andes mountain range of South America
|
titled "Antarctica"
|
Article titled "Antarctica"
Question: What does West Antarctica most resemble geologically?
Answer:
|
the Andes mountain range of South America
|
570c23e26b8089140040fb55
|
Antarctica
|
Geologically, West Antarctica closely resembles the Andes mountain range of South America. The Antarctic Peninsula was formed by uplift and metamorphism of sea bed sediments during the late Paleozoic and the early Mesozoic eras. This sediment uplift was accompanied by igneous intrusions and volcanism. The most common rocks in West Antarctica are andesite and rhyolite volcanics formed during the Jurassic period. There is also evidence of volcanic activity, even after the ice sheet had formed, in Marie Byrd Land and Alexander Island. The only anomalous area of West Antarctica is the Ellsworth Mountains region, where the stratigraphy is more similar to East Antarctica.
|
How was the Antarctic Peninsula formed?
|
{
"text": [
"by uplift and metamorphism of sea bed sediments"
],
"answer_start": [
126
]
}
|
by uplift and metamorphism of sea bed sediments
|
titled "Antarctica"
|
Article titled "Antarctica"
Question: How was the Antarctic Peninsula formed?
Answer:
|
by uplift and metamorphism of sea bed sediments
|
570c23e26b8089140040fb56
|
Antarctica
|
Geologically, West Antarctica closely resembles the Andes mountain range of South America. The Antarctic Peninsula was formed by uplift and metamorphism of sea bed sediments during the late Paleozoic and the early Mesozoic eras. This sediment uplift was accompanied by igneous intrusions and volcanism. The most common rocks in West Antarctica are andesite and rhyolite volcanics formed during the Jurassic period. There is also evidence of volcanic activity, even after the ice sheet had formed, in Marie Byrd Land and Alexander Island. The only anomalous area of West Antarctica is the Ellsworth Mountains region, where the stratigraphy is more similar to East Antarctica.
|
During what eras was the Antarctic Peninsula formed?
|
{
"text": [
"late Paleozoic and the early Mesozoic"
],
"answer_start": [
185
]
}
|
late Paleozoic and the early Mesozoic
|
titled "Antarctica"
|
Article titled "Antarctica"
Question: During what eras was the Antarctic Peninsula formed?
Answer:
|
late Paleozoic and the early Mesozoic
|
570c23e26b8089140040fb57
|
Antarctica
|
Geologically, West Antarctica closely resembles the Andes mountain range of South America. The Antarctic Peninsula was formed by uplift and metamorphism of sea bed sediments during the late Paleozoic and the early Mesozoic eras. This sediment uplift was accompanied by igneous intrusions and volcanism. The most common rocks in West Antarctica are andesite and rhyolite volcanics formed during the Jurassic period. There is also evidence of volcanic activity, even after the ice sheet had formed, in Marie Byrd Land and Alexander Island. The only anomalous area of West Antarctica is the Ellsworth Mountains region, where the stratigraphy is more similar to East Antarctica.
|
What are the most common rocks found in West Antarctica?
|
{
"text": [
"andesite and rhyolite volcanics"
],
"answer_start": [
348
]
}
|
andesite and rhyolite volcanics
|
titled "Antarctica"
|
Article titled "Antarctica"
Question: What are the most common rocks found in West Antarctica?
Answer:
|
andesite and rhyolite volcanics
|
570c23e26b8089140040fb58
|
Antarctica
|
Geologically, West Antarctica closely resembles the Andes mountain range of South America. The Antarctic Peninsula was formed by uplift and metamorphism of sea bed sediments during the late Paleozoic and the early Mesozoic eras. This sediment uplift was accompanied by igneous intrusions and volcanism. The most common rocks in West Antarctica are andesite and rhyolite volcanics formed during the Jurassic period. There is also evidence of volcanic activity, even after the ice sheet had formed, in Marie Byrd Land and Alexander Island. The only anomalous area of West Antarctica is the Ellsworth Mountains region, where the stratigraphy is more similar to East Antarctica.
|
Where has evidence of volcanic activity been discovered in Antarctica?
|
{
"text": [
"Marie Byrd Land and Alexander Island"
],
"answer_start": [
500
]
}
|
Marie Byrd Land and Alexander Island
|
titled "Antarctica"
|
Article titled "Antarctica"
Question: Where has evidence of volcanic activity been discovered in Antarctica?
Answer:
|
Marie Byrd Land and Alexander Island
|
570d94c3fed7b91900d46243
|
Antarctica
|
Geologically, West Antarctica closely resembles the Andes mountain range of South America. The Antarctic Peninsula was formed by uplift and metamorphism of sea bed sediments during the late Paleozoic and the early Mesozoic eras. This sediment uplift was accompanied by igneous intrusions and volcanism. The most common rocks in West Antarctica are andesite and rhyolite volcanics formed during the Jurassic period. There is also evidence of volcanic activity, even after the ice sheet had formed, in Marie Byrd Land and Alexander Island. The only anomalous area of West Antarctica is the Ellsworth Mountains region, where the stratigraphy is more similar to East Antarctica.
|
To what mountainous area is Antarctica geologically similar?
|
{
"text": [
"Andes"
],
"answer_start": [
52
]
}
|
Andes
|
titled "Antarctica"
|
Article titled "Antarctica"
Question: To what mountainous area is Antarctica geologically similar?
Answer:
|
Andes
|
570d94c3fed7b91900d46244
|
Antarctica
|
Geologically, West Antarctica closely resembles the Andes mountain range of South America. The Antarctic Peninsula was formed by uplift and metamorphism of sea bed sediments during the late Paleozoic and the early Mesozoic eras. This sediment uplift was accompanied by igneous intrusions and volcanism. The most common rocks in West Antarctica are andesite and rhyolite volcanics formed during the Jurassic period. There is also evidence of volcanic activity, even after the ice sheet had formed, in Marie Byrd Land and Alexander Island. The only anomalous area of West Antarctica is the Ellsworth Mountains region, where the stratigraphy is more similar to East Antarctica.
|
An uplift of what formed Antarctica?
|
{
"text": [
"sea bed sediments"
],
"answer_start": [
156
]
}
|
sea bed sediments
|
titled "Antarctica"
|
Article titled "Antarctica"
Question: An uplift of what formed Antarctica?
Answer:
|
sea bed sediments
|
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